davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
2018 Malaysia HFMD outbreak

Beginning in January 2018, an outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) occurred among children nationwide across Malaysia. Nearly 38,000 cases were recorded between January 1 and July 26, and by August 14 the total number of cases had risen to 51,000. Among the states and federal territories affected by the outbreak, Selangor recorded the highest cases with 11,349, Kuala Lumpur with 4,428 and Sarawak with 4,412 cases as reported in July 2018. At least two children in Sarawak and Penang died from complications caused by the virus.
HFMD transmission outbreak in Malaysia was first reported in the state of Sarawak in 1997 where between 28 and 31 children died as a result of infection by the Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) virus. Since then, recurrent cyclical epidemics of HFMD have occurred in the country every two to three years. While the root cause behind the recurrence of the disease remains a mystery, another factor that has been identified as increasing the spread of the disease among children is travel to neighbouring countries with high infection rates. Through autopsies performed on deceased individuals, death has been attributed to several symptoms linked to the disease such as poor peripheral perfusion, tachycardia and cardiac failures. These individuals had also developed symptoms earlier on such as shock, pallor, cold extremities, delayed capillary refill and weak peripheral pulses. In 1998, the Ministry of Health acknowledged that the disease was endemic in the country with periodic outbreaks among young children. Since the first outbreak, the Ministry of Health has periodically ordered the closure of affected kindergartens and schools which are likely to be the source area of the disease. A further outbreak of 1,178 cases, mostly in kindergartens nurseries, was reported in the state of Johor in 2000 following an outbreak in neighbouring Singapore a month before.
In July 2018, Malaysian Health Ministry Disease Control Division director Chong Chee Keong said toys were among the cause of immediate spread of the virus to other children. The Health Ministry further reported that HFMD disease cases had exceeded warning levels. To prevent spread, the Ministry urged parents to act as "gate-keepers" in order to ensure children infected with the disease did not go to school and to seek immediate treatment if their children showed signs of infection. The Education Ministry issued a letter to every school to monitor the health of their students. The Health Ministry also considered the use of vaccines from other countries, though research on vaccines had to be carried out before they could be approved for local use. As infection rates increased among children, the local health department of Penang ordered all supermarkets and shopping complexes in the state to disinfect trolleys, toys and benches on their premises. Disinfection was also carried out in all villages, schools and preschools in a district in Sarawak.
Hanis Zalikha

Hanis Zalikha Zainal Rashid (born 9 October 1990) is a Malaysian blogger, model, television presenter and actress. She has also been nominated for the Most Influential Blog Award in 2011.
She is the second child of seven siblings. Her mother, Nani Rostam was a model in the 1980s. She participated in an online reality television competition, Malaysian Dreamgirl in 2008. She became the second runner up in the competition. In 2010, she was ranked sixth in the Top 10 Fastest Rising People in Google Malaysia Top Searches 2010 chart. Additionally, she was ranked in the top ten in Google Zeitgeist 2011 search.
She received early education at Sekolah Kebangsaan Seri Selangor (1997), Sekolah Kebangsaan USJ 8 (1998) and Sekolah Kebangsaan Seafield (1999–2002). At the secondary level, she attended Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan USJ 4 (2003), Seafield National High School (2004–2006) and Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Seksyen 9 (2007). In 2012, she graduated with a diploma in Business Management from Universiti Teknologi MARA, Segamat, Johor. In addition, she received the Vice Chancellor Award with a Cumulative Grade Average Rating (CGPA) of 3.9. She also intends to pursue her studies at a bachelor's degree level apart from opening her own beauty products business after graduation.
Hanis Zalikha is married to Hairul Azreen on 5 June 2015. She has two children; Yusuf Iskandar born on 3 June 2016, and Alisa Aisyah born on 24 May 2019. They also have a cat, Bujibu Chempel.
Yusuf and Bujibu had a reality show starring the two, titled My Little Heroes — Yusuf & Bujibu. The show ran for eight episodes on Astro Ria and Ria HD in Malaysia.
Batawa

Batawa is a small community in southeastern Ontario, Canada, in the city of Quinte West. It was set up by the Bata Shoe company as a planned community around a shoe factory, which opened in 1939 and closed in 2000.
Conditions in Europe before World War II led Thomas J. Bata to search for a location in Canada to transfer operations. Batawa's location was chosen for its proximity to a lake, a railway, a highway, an airport, and cheap land. A factory town was built and opened in 1939. The Bata company owned the town, providing accommodations at a reasonable rate to its workers. The company controlled virtually all aspects of the village. There was a Bata grocery store, Bata recreation hall, Bata clubs, Bata teams, and a Bata shoe store. Many of the residents were immigrants from Bata's homeland, Czechoslovakia, who immigrated at the time of the factory's construction. One prominent group of Bata's European refugees to resettle in Canada were the employees of the Bata Shoe Company from Zlín, Moravia, in 1939. Tomáš J. Baťa and 82 workers re-assembled the business in Batawa. The company would go on to produce military equipment for the Allied War effort.
The town was initially the headquarters of Bata Shoe operations in Canada; the headquarters moved to Toronto in 1964.
During the latter half of the 20th century, tariff barriers on shoe imports into Canada were reduced, allowing more and more low-cost shoes into Canada. Eventually, Bata determined the factory could not continue as a viable business operation and closed the factory in March 2000. As part of a strategy to cut costs, Bata consolidated production in lower-wage countries overseas. Bata Shoes closed its retail shoe stores in Canada one year later in 2001.
Dalton Company converted the old Batawa shoe plant into a high-end residential condo complex in 2018
Batawa is situated on the west bank of the Trent River, and nearby is Lock 4 of the Trent-Severn Waterway, a major water transportation system.
Batawa is represented by three councillors on Quinte West City Council for the Ward of Sidney.
There are several books about the Bata including: Uprooted and Transplanted, the story of a family that immigrated to Canada and worked at the Batawa facility.
44°10′20″N 77°35′45″W﻿ / ﻿44.17222°N 77.59583°W﻿ / 44.17222; -77.59583
Farah Khan (businesswoman)

Farah Khan is a Singaporean entrepreneur, the founder of the luxury retail fashion boutique Melium Group and the creative director of the Farah Khan label. In 2011, The Star listed her as one of the top 100 memorable women in Malaysia. In 2006, Khan received the Italian Star of Solidarity Order (The Ordine della Stella della Solidarietà Italiana) from the Italian Ambassador to Malaysia Alessandro Busacca in conjunction with his country's national day. This award honours foreign personalities who strengthen ties between Italy and foreign countries in terms of culture, language, humanitarian actions.
Khan is the daughter, the third of five siblings, of a former diamond merchant and a lady who owned a Shanghainese-style fashion boutique called Le Bijou in Singapore. She learned the art of tailoring from her mother who made fashion dresses. Khan claims that she sees fashion as a form of self-expression and a means to display her creativity.
At 27, Khan divorced her first husband and remarried with Singaporean business tycoon Akbar Khan based in Kuala Lumpur. She adopted the Muslim name Farah Khan and joined her husband in the Malaysian capital. She stayed home for about a year and decided to resume her activities in the fashion industry.
Khan has three children: a 35-year-old son and a 33-year-old daughter from her first marriage. She also has another son, aged 23, from her second marriage. Khan has since been in a long-term relationship with Greek businessman Dimitri Pantazaras, 58, a real estate developer. She spends time with charity causes for children with special needs. In the past, Khan battled stomach cancer and survived against odds.
Khan's career is better described through her achievements and creations in the fashion industry. Since 1974, she founded 3 luxury boutiques and a group. Khan is recognized in Malaysia as a style icon among notable designers including Jimmy Choo and Bernard Chandran.
In 1974, Khan set up The Link boutique along Orchard Road in Singapore at the Mandarin Hotel. It's a designer store with luxury Italian and British designer labels including Genny and Jean Muir. Unexpectedly, Khan sold the store in 1982 to Singaporean fashion retailer Tina Tan-Leo, married and moved to Malaysia.
In 1987, Khan opened Le Salon, a multi-brand boutique which carried notable brand including Versace and Alberta Ferretti. Then in 1989, she rebranded Le Salon to Melium Group set up in association with German leather brand Aigner, and menswear label Hugo Boss. The Melium Group operates 38 stores in Malaysia and runs Aseana, a luxury multi-brand boutique. The group also owns and operates a chain of 18 dome cafes in Malaysia. Under the leadership of Khan, the Melium Group operates in Indonesia as lone stores at the W Retreat & Spa in Bali and Plaza Indonesia, Jakarta.
Under the Melium Group umbrella, Khan launched in 2007, the fashion label FARAH KHAN that integrates Southeast Asian beadwork and modern styles. The label retails in several cities worldwide.
Senheng Electric

Senheng Electric (KL) Sdn Bhd is the largest consumer electronics retail chain store in Malaysia, with over 100 stores nationally. The company sells a range of products including refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, and smartphones, from brands including Samsung, Sharp, and Panasonic.
Founded by Lim Kim Heng, Senheng opened its first store in 1 September 1989 with only half-a-store setup located in Pandan Jaya, Kuala Lumpur.
In 1995, the company launched a franchise program that was later discontinued. It was due to lack of management system and the brand “Senheng” wasn't strong enough to make it work at that point of time, thus the franchise program to be put on hold.
On 12 January 1996, Senheng started its nationwide expansion initiative by opening its first outstation outlet in Negeri Sembilan, and then followed by Malacca. Not long after, Senheng set up more outlets across Malaysia and opened its first outlet in Vietnam.
A new franchise program was relaunched in 2001.
In 2002, the company announced a fixed-price policy, ending price-bargaining with customers. The company also began a customer loyalty program and its own credit card.
In 2003, Senheng developed a new retail brand, senQ Digital Station, which focuses on high end and premium electrical and electronic products, and is only located in malls to cater to those with higher purchasing power. The average size of a senQ Digital Station was 20,000 sq ft (1,900 m), 10 times the size of a Senheng outlet.
The first senQ Digital Station outlet was opened in South City Plaza near Seri Kembangan on 5 December 2003.
Customers can purchase their products from Senheng's website and choose to self-collect or pick up at any of their desired or nearest Senheng or senQ outlets.
DC Shoes

DC Shoes, Inc. is an American brand specializes in footwear for action sports such as skateboarding and snowboarding. The company also manufactures apparel, bags, accessories, hats, t-shirts, and posters.
DC was founded in June 1994 by Damon Way, Ken Block and Clayton Blehm. It was originally based in Carlsbad, California, but is now based in Huntington Beach, California. DC originally stood for "Droors Clothing," but since the sale of Droors Clothing in 2004, DC no longer has ties to Droors and is simply DC Shoes, Inc.
On March 8, 2004, DC Shoes was acquired by Quiksilver in an $87 million transaction. In 2010, DC Shoes moved from Vista, California, to Quiksilver's headquarters in Huntington Beach. A video entitled Skateboarding Is Forever was released online in 2010 and featured skateboarders Marquise Henry, Matt Miller, Wes Kremer, Evan Smith, and Greg Myers. Apart from Myers and Henry, all of the skateboarders from the video remained sponsored by the company in 2013, and have since attained professional status.
In 2011, the brand underwent a rejuvenation process that included the design of a new flag logo. As part of this process, new skateboard team announcements were progressively made and a series of advertisements, under the direction of new team member Steve Berra, were released online. The other new team announcements were Mikey Taylor, Mike Mo Capaldi, Nyjah Huston, Chris Cole, and Davis Torgerson. Felipe Gustavo was introduced at a later stage.
A progression of the brand relaunch was the "Rediscovery" campaign that commenced in December 2011, following the addition of Capaldi and Huston to the skateboard team.
Co-founder Block died in a snowmobile crash in January 2023.
Bata Shoes Head Office

The Bata Shoes Head Office in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, was Bata Shoes' former headquarters. The white, pavilion-like building, designed by architect John B. Parkin and completed in 1965 was considered by many as an example of the Modern Movement in architecture. Located atop a hill on Wynford Drive, by the major intersection of Eglinton Avenue and the Don Mills Road in the district of North York, its architecture and location made it a well-known landmark in the city. It was identified by the Toronto Society of Architects as one of 96 significant buildings and public spaces in Toronto built between 1953 and 2003.
It became the centre of debate when, in November 2002, the Aga Khan Foundation acquired the site and announced plans to demolish the building in order to construct a $300 million Ismaili centre, a museum of rare Islamic art and a public park. Toronto Star architecture critic Christopher Hume lauded the building prior to its demolition:
Globe and Mail architecture critic Lisa Rochon was more critical of the structure:
From 2003 to 2004, the Bata head office operations were moved to Lausanne, Switzerland. Bata retained offices in Toronto for the headquarters for its "Power" brand of footwear in Toronto and the Bata Shoe Museum is also located in Toronto. In 2010, work on the Aga Khan Museum, the Ismaili Centre, Toronto and the park began. The project was completed in 2014.
43°43′24″N 79°20′00″W﻿ / ﻿43.723471°N 79.333316°W﻿ / 43.723471; -79.333316
Mitsui Shopping Park LaLaport Bukit Bintang City Centre

The Mitsui Shopping Park LaLaport Bukit Bintang City Centre (Japanese: 三井ショッピングパークららぽーと ブキッ・ビンタンシティセンター; Hepburn: Mitsui shoppingupāku rarapo ̄ to buki~tsu Bintan shiti sentā), also known as LaLaport Bukit Bintang City Centre and LaLaport BBCC, is a Japanese lifestyle shopping mall located within Bukit Bintang City Centre (BBCC). It is a RM1.6 billion mall under a joint venture agreement between BBCC Development Sdn Bhd and Mitsui Fudosan Co. Ltd. (Asia), a real estate company based in Tokyo by the Mitsui Group. The entire space has a total built-up area of 1,400,000 square feet (130,000 m) across 6 floors with mix of local and international retail brands including some exclusively from Japan. It consists of approximately 400 stores spanning across 82,600 square metres of retail floor space.
The mall is also connected to the entertainment hub of BBCC on the east which consists of Golden Screen Cinemas, Zepp Kuala Lumpur, The Labs and Andaman Grand Ballroom. Among the Japanese stores to first open in Malaysia include electronic store brand Nojima, household brand Nitori, Mini One by DONQ, pet shop Coo&RIKU, Matcha Eight, Tamaruya Honten Steakhouse, Star Child and Yakiniku Sizzle by YAKINIQUEST. A cafeteria and depachika food hall based on Japanese basement-level F&B are located on the lower ground floor named Depachika Marche, while the Garden Dining food court is located on the fourth floor of the mall. LaLaport BBCC features a number of attractions such as the Central Rooftop Garden, WoW Plaza, Gourmet Street, Grand Steps and Gate Plaza.
It was scheduled to open in 2021 but was further delayed due to the Movement Control Order caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the country. The mall was officially open to the public on 20 January 2022, making it as the first LaLaport in Southeast Asia as well as the second LaLaport to open outside of Japan after LaLaport Shanghai Jinqiao.
Juluan Godest

Juluan Godest, ganet e Kalanel en 1849, a oa ul labourer-douar eus Kallag ha barzh brezhonek. Laezh a werzhe da gêr Kallag. Mervel a reas e 1932 ha beziet e voe e Kallag. Brezhoneg zo skrivet war e vez.
Un dastumad gwerzioù gantañ a voe arc'hantet gant Théodore Botrel, a skrivas war ar bajenn gentañ : « À nos derniers Bardes champêtres, Soyons charitables et doux, car c'est l'âme de nos ancêtres, Qui chante au cœur de leur binious !… » hag ur rakskrid brezhonek a oa gant Taldir Jaffrennou.
Priz Goncourt

Ar priz Goncourt a zo ur priz lennegel gall, krouet a-benn goprañ ar skrivagnerien o skrivañ levrioù e galleg. Krouet eo bet ar priz dre testamant Edmond de Goncourt e 1896. La Société Littéraire des Goncourt a zo bet krouet en un doare ofisiel e 1902 ha roet e voe ar priz Goncourt evit ar c'hentañ gwech d'an 21 a viz Kerzu 1903.
Ar priz Goncourt a zo e bal goprañ bep bloaz « le meilleur ouvrage d'imagination en prose, paru dans l'année/ar gwellañ oberenn a ijin dre ar c'homz-plaen, bet embannet e kerz ar bloaz » ha ne vez roet ar priz nemet d'ur romant. Ar priz-mañ eo an hini skedusañ evit ul levr e Bro-C'hall a bezh. En e berzh, ar priz roet n'eo nemet un arouez (dek euro), met ar vrud degaset gant ar Goncourt a zo dibar. Bep wech, goude bezañ resevet ar priz, al levr a dizh renk ar reoù gwellañ gwerzhet.
Dek ezel an akademiezh a vez oc'h emgavout bep kentañ Meurzh ar miz en o saloñs, e kentañ estaj ar pred-ti Drouant, war plasenn Gaillon e eil arondisamant Pariz. Roet e vez ar priz e penn kentañ miz Du. Ma ne vez ket dibabet a loread goude 14 tro a vouezhiañ, mouezh ar prezidant a zeu da gontañ evit daou a-benn dilenn ar Goncourt nevez.
Ar priz ne c'hell bezañ roet nemet ur wech d'ur skrivagner. Un darvoud dreist-ordinal a voe e 1975 pa voe roet ar priz d'ar romant La Vie devant soi gant Emile Ajar: anv-pluenn Romain Gary e oa, ha gantañ e oa aet ar priz c'hoazh e 1956 evit e romant les Racines du ciel.
E 1988 ez eo bet krouet Priz Goncourt al liseidi.
Tud zo a sav o mouezh da lavarout n'eo ket dereat, nag ur skouer evit liseidi, reiñ ur priz anvet Goncourt pa'z eo anv tud a zo bet e-touesk ar gwashañ skrivagnerien enepyuzev zo bet biskoazh e galleg. Ne vezont ket klevet nemeur.
Izili an Akademiezh Goncourt, hag a vez dibabet gant o c'henseurted, a zo ezel evit ar vuhez pad, a volontez vat int, ar pred a vez paeet dezho e ti Drouant. Izili an Akademiezh Goncourt, e 2013, a oa :
Ar priz-mañ a vez roet d'ur barz evit e labour a-bezh.
Kevelet gant ti-kêr Nancy
Kevelet gant ti-kêr Fontvieille abaoe 2001
Kevelet gant ti-kêr Strasbourg
Kevelet gant ti-kêr Pariz
Kalvar

Ur c'halvar zo skeudennadur pasion Jezuz-Krist, e stumm ur groaz-vaen kizellet, gant meur a dudenn en-dro d'ar groaz. E Breizh eo stank ar c'halvarioù. E-kichen an ilizoù hag ar chapelioù e vezont kavet.
Seizh kalvar bras a zo e Breizh:
Kroaz an ti ruz

Kroaz an ti ruz zo ur groaz keltiek e greunvaen e Trelevenez. He c'havout a reer 100 metrad a gleiz d'un hent-karr bihan a loc'h a gleiz er bourk, nepell eus an iliz, eus hent Sant-Alar.
Unan eus bugale Trelevenez, Adrian Stang ar Ruskeg a zo unan eus ar miliadoù a soudarded vreton a zo bet falc’het e Belgia, e Maissin, gant an Ankou. D’an 22 a viz Eost 1914. Ul lazhadeg euzhus e voe e-pad daou zevezh. E miz Eost 1932, 18 vloaz war-lerc’h, e teue e vamm, itron ar C’hastell, an Itron Hilarion Stang Ar Ruskeg, bet ganet Herve-ar-Pennc’hoad, betek enno, e Maissin, evit al lidoù bras ha staliadur ur C’halvar a Vreizh er vered. Eus an Treoù-Leon an hini eo e teue : « Kroaz an Ti ruz » a veze graet eus ar c’halvar-se. Skrivet eo warnañ, en ur brezhoneg iskis un tammig, komzoù hag a zo da soñjal warno goustadik.
E plas ar c'halvar kozh aet da Velgia ez eus bet staliet ur groaz keltiek e greunvaen : he c'havout a reer 100 metr a-gleiz d'un hent-karr bihan a loc'h a gleiz er bourk, nepell eus an iliz, eus hent Sant-Alar.
Collocou ar C'halvar

Collocou ar C'halvar, peautramant Antretienou ha Meditationou var Passion hon Aotrou Jesus-Christ zo ur skrid brezhonek gant Charlez ar Brizh e 1737.
Troet e oa diwar Les Colloques du calvaire, ou méditations sur la Passion de Notre Seigneur Jésus-Christ pour chaque jour du mois gant an aotrou Courbon.
Calvary (monument)

A calvary is a type of monumental public Christian cross, sometimes encased in an open shrine. Usually a calvary has three crosses, that of Jesus Christ and those of impenitent thief and penitent thief.
The oldest surviving calvaire, dating to between 1450 and 1460, is in France at the Chapelle Notre-Dame-de-Tronoën in the town of Saint-Jean-Trolimon, in south Finistère, near the Pointe de la Torche. This is raised on a large base which also includes carved representations of the Last Supper and scenes from the passion. Calvaires played an important role in Breton pilgrimages known as Pardons, forming a focal point for public festivals. In some instances the Calvary forms part of an outdoor pulpit or throne.
Calvaires are to be found in large numbers throughout Brittany, and come in many varied forms. Breton calvaries typically include three-dimensional figures, usually representing the Virgin Mary, the apostles, and saints, attending the Crucifixion itself.
A 16th-century calvaire from Louargat, Brittany, transplanted to serve as a World War I memorial, stands at the Carrefour de la Rose near the Belgian town of Boezinge north of Ypres.
The most notable Calvary monument outside Brittany is at Lourdes. This was specifically intended to represent Breton Catholicism. It was created by the sculptor Yves Hernot in 1900 as a gift to Lourdes from the main Breton dioceses: Rennes, Vannes, Quimper and Saint-Brieuc. The monument comprises a single central cross set within a raised square base at each corner of which a statue of one of the witnesses to the crucifixion is placed.
In northern France and Belgium, such wayside calvaries erected at the junction of routes and tracks "function both as navigation devices and objects of veneration", Nicholas J. Saunders has observed "Since medieval times they have fixed the landscape, symbolically acquiring it for the Christian faith, in the same way that, previously, Megalithic monuments marked prehistoric landscapes according to presumed religious and ideological imperatives".
In Southern Italy calvaries are common. A typical variation is the Calabrian calvary, which includes 3 or more paintings of the Passion of Jesus on a wall surmounted by a cross and protected by a low fence.
Calvary Cemetery (Atuona)

Calvary Cemetery (French: Cimetière Calvaire) is the main cemetery in Atuona, Hiva ‘Oa, French Polynesia. It is located on a hillside on the eastern edge of town, overlooking the anchorage on Atuona Bay.
The cemetery is the final resting place of French Post-Impressionist painter Paul Gauguin, as well as of Belgian singer Jacques Brel.
9°48′02″S 139°02′18″W﻿ / ﻿9.8006°S 139.0382°W﻿ / -9.8006; -139.0382
Calvary at Landrévarzec

The Calvary at Landrévarzec is a monument in the form of a group statue in Quimper, Brittany, NW France. It is located in the commune of Landrévarzec in the arrondissement of Quimper, and stands next to the Chapelle Notre-Dame de Quilinen.
The Quilinen Calvary was erected in 1547. The calvary stands next to the chapel and there is also a fountain nearby. The Notre-Dame-de-Quilinen Chapel dates to the end of the 15th century and the calvary to the 16th century and has been a "Monument Historique" since 1925.
Built in the 16th century, it includes three crosses. On the shaft of the central cross are two small ledges on which there are statues depicting St John the Evangelist and two female saints; at the base of the cross is a pietà or "Notre-Dame de Pitié" depicting the Virgin Mary with her dead son across her lap, accompanied by one of the female saints and John the Evangelist. At the back of the cross is a depiction of the Virgin Mary holding the baby Jesus in her arms; and a little higher up the shaft is a depiction of Mary Magdalene with her pot of ointment. At the summit of the cross on the reverse side of the depiction of the crucifixion there is a depiction of the resurrected Christ. The two smaller crosses bear the contorted bodies of the two robbers executed alongside Jesus. The calvary is triangular in shape and around the pedestal's platform are depictions of each of the apostles and their attributes. St Peter holds a key, Andrew the Apostle a cross, James the Less a fuller's club and a closed book, John the Evangelist a chalice, Bartholomew the Apostle a knife, James the Elder a club and an open book. St Philip holds a cross and a closed book, Matthew the Evangelist a bill-hook and a book in a bag. Thomas the Apostle holds an open book and a set-square, Simon the Zealot a saw and an open book, Matthew the Evangelist holds a halberd and a closed book. One statue is missing and Judas Iscariot carries a stick and a cleaver. Also included is a statue of St Yves.
48°04′45″N 4°03′57″W﻿ / ﻿48.0792°N 4.0657°W﻿ / 48.0792; -4.0657
Calvary Baptist Church (Manhattan)

40°45′55″N 73°58′42″W﻿ / ﻿40.765197°N 73.978431°W﻿ / 40.765197; -73.978431
Calvary Baptist Church is an Independent Baptist church, located at 123 West 57th Street between the Avenue of the Americas (Sixth Avenue) and Seventh Avenue, near Carnegie Hall in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. As of 2022, the church is at a temporary location while its building at 123 West 57th Street is being demolished and replaced.
The church was founded in 1847, and its first sanctuary was at 50 West 23rd Street, completed in 1854. It then moved to a red sandstone Gothic church designed by John Rochester Thomas at its current location, which was built in 1883–1884. It also had a chapel at 223 West 67th Street, which was later used by St. Matthew's Roman Catholic Church.
In 1923, Calvary became one of the earliest churches to operate its own radio station and has since maintained a long tradition of widely followed religious broadcasts. "Tell It From Calvary" is a radio show that the church still produces weekly; it is heard on WMCA.
The building at 123 West 57th Street was an early example of an urban high-rise, or "skyscraper", church, a 16-story building which also included the Hotel Salisbury, an apartment hotel. Planning for the edifice began in 1929, with the design credited to the firm of Jardine, Hill & Murdock, and the building was dedicated in 1931. Two Steinway grand pianos were donated to the church by pianist Van Cliburn, who attended periodically while living in the hotel.
Richard Nixon and Bill Clinton have worshipped at Calvary. Billy Graham and Billy Sunday have preached there.
In early 2020, Calvary Baptist Church and the Salisbury Hotel closed. The Gothic Revival edifice was planned to be demolished to make way for a new office building with space for the church. Following a delay due to the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City, Alchemy Properties acquired the church in July 2021, and demolition began in 2022. During the renovation, Calvary gathered every Sunday at 10 a.m. on the Manhattan campus of Hunter College, as well as online.
Calvary Lutheran Church and Parsonage (Silverton, Oregon)

Calvary Lutheran Church and Parsonage is a historic church building and parsonage in Silverton, Oregon, United States. The church is also known as the First Christian Church. The church is a combination of the Carpenter Gothic and the Queen Anne architectural styles. The parsonage is Bungalow/Craftsman and Greek Revival style.
Originally, the church was known as the First Christian Church. In 1906, the church building became the Norwegian Lutheran Church and in 1926-1927 it was remodeled to its current configuration. The church was sold in 1975, and in 1984, it became the White Steeple Gallery and Tea Room, a name by which it was still known in 1992.
The church, a balloon frame 26 by 52 feet (7.9 m × 15.8 m) building built during 1891-92, is Gothic Revival in style, with Eastlake ornamentation. It was moved to a new location on a raised foundation on the same tax lot in the 1920s. The parsonage, built in 1926, is a one-and-a-half-story bungalow. The property includes a non-contributing parson's study, a one-story detached building built between 1953 and 1956, behind the church.
The church and parsonage buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
Calvary Presbyterian Church (Milwaukee)

Calvary Presbyterian Church (Calvary Church) is a Victorian Gothic church located in the Marquette University district of downtown Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1986.
The first Presbyterian congregation in Milwaukee was started by Reverend Cutting Marsh in 1837, and eventually became First Presbyterian. In 1849 North Presbyterian split off. In 1869, the Presbyterians on the west side wanted their own church, and some left each of the previous congregations to form Calvary. Calvary's first officers were John Plankinton, James B. Bradford, and Samuel C. West - all wealthy businessmen.
They built their grand church in 1870, designed by Milwaukee architects Henry C. Koch and Julius Hess in Gothic Revival style. It sits on a foundation of ashlar limestone. The body of the structure is cream city brick, a light-colored brick kilned from local clay, with accents of Ohio sandstone. The exterior has since been painted a bright red color. The ridge of the nave is 85 feet high. On one side is a 105-foot tower with a spire clad in pressed metal. On the other side is a huge 202-foot tower with a slate-clad spire. Both towers are buttressed and topped with crosses. The main entrance stands between the towers, beneath a rose window within a larger window.
For the 1870 construction, the builder was Simeon Babcock, the mason was Hiram R. Bond, ironwork was done by Wm. Bayley and Wm. Greenslade, and John Harding painted frescoes. In 1910 a pastor's study and church office were added to the building's southwest corner. After a fire in 1947, the south end of the nave and roof were repaired. In 1957 a classroom wing was added to the southeast corner of the building.
Calvary Church features an indoor prayer labyrinth laid into the floor. Its design was inspired by a 12th-century labyrinth found at the Cathedral of Chartres in Chartres, France, and has eleven circuits with a rosette center.
The WHS survey of 1986 noted that Calvary's building is "one of the best preserved Gothic churches in the city from the period immediately following the Civil War" and "one of Milwaukee's oldest [church buildings] in continuous use."
Media related to Calvary Presbyterian Church (Milwaukee, Wisconsin) at Wikimedia Commons
Huguenot Monument

The Huguenot Monument in Franschhoek, Western Cape, South Africa, is dedicated to the cultural influences that Huguenots have brought to the Cape Colony (and ultimately the whole of South Africa) after their immigration during the 17th and 18th centuries. These French and Belgian Protestants were fleeing violent religious persecution, especially in Roman Catholic France.
The monument was designed by J.C. Jongens, completed in 1945, and inaugurated by Dr. A.J. van der Merwe on 17 April 1948.
The three high arches symbolize the Holy Trinity: the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. On top of the arches is the sun of righteousness and above that, the Huguenot cross of their Christian faith.
The central female figure, created by Coert Steynberg, personifies religious freedom, holding a bible in one hand and a broken chain in the other. She is casting off her cloak of oppression. Her position on top of the globe shows her spiritual freedom and parallels some representations of the Virgin Mary in Roman Catholic iconography, which depict her with one foot resting on the globe. The fleur-de-lis on the woman's robe represents noble spirit and character; it also was long the chief symbol of the French monarchy, still in power at the time of the Huguenot exodus.
The southern tip of the globe shows symbols relating to the Huguenots: the Bible, for their faith; a harp, for their art and culture; a sheaf of corn and a grape vine, representing agriculture and viticulture; and a silk and cloth weavers' spinning wheel, representing their industry.
The water pond, reflecting the colonnade behind it, expresses the undisturbed tranquility of mind and spiritual peace which the Huguenots refugees gained in South Africa after having experienced deadly religious persecution in France.
The Huguenot Memorial Museum adjacent to the monument explores the history of the French Huguenots who settled in the Cape, and especially in the Franschhoek Valley. On exhibition are the various tools they used to make wine, clothes they wore, and interpretation of their culture and goals.
Also on the site are wine cellars joined by a colonnade bearing the words Post Tenebras Lux ("After darkness, light" in Latin). A motto of Protestants during the Reformation, the phrase was first inscribed on the Reformation Wall in Geneva, Switzerland, which is dedicated to the Protestant Reformation.
Independence Monument (Cambodia)

The Independence Monument (Khmer: វិមានឯករាជ្យ [ʋimiən ʔaekariəc]) in Phnom Penh, capital of Cambodia, was built in 1958 to memorialise Cambodia's independence from France in 1953. It stands on a roundabout in the intersection of Norodom Boulevard and Sihanouk Boulevard in the centre of the city. It is in the form of a lotus-shaped stupa, of the style seen at the temple at Banteay Srei and other Khmer historical sites. The Independence Monument was designed by the Cambodian architect Vann Molyvann, who was “personally selected and instructed” by Prince Norodom Sihanouk on how it should look like, combining “the religious and the secular.” It stands 37 metres tall.
During national celebrations, the Independence Monument is the centre of activity. A ceremonial flame on the interior pedestal is often lit by a royal or high official on these occasions, and floral tributes line the stairs. Every year, the Independence Monument is visited by foreign tourists and locals alike. Behind the monument is the Norodom Sihanouk Memorial, constructed in 2013.
The Five Crosses

The Five Crosses (in French, Les Cinq Croix) are a set of stone crosses at Ploubezre, near Lannion, Côtes-du-Nord, in Brittany, France, classified as a historic monument by a decree of 7 December 1925 and, as a group, attributed to the 18th century.
The central cross is placed on a tall pillar and has a figure of Christ on one side and of Mary the mother of Jesus on the other. The other crosses are plain except for that immediately to the right of the central cross, which bears the date 1728. The base of another is inscribed with the date 1733.
Differing accounts attribute the central cross to the 15th or 16th century and consider the others to be medieval, while local lore has it that they were erected to commemorate a victory over English invaders. It is also said that they were assembled from various nearby places by the rector of the church to preserve them from destruction or on the occasion of a religious mission, perhaps in 1728 or 1733.
The 1826 land survey shows that at that time the crosses stood, with a different orientation, along the road at about 25 metres from their present position.
Groups of crosses are found also in other parts of Brittany gathered together for reasons that are now difficult to explain. Examples are a pair in front of a chapel at Croaziou and three at Pont Hir.
However, the English theologian E. W. Bullinger (1837–1913) attached special significance to the group of five at Ploubezre, claiming that it was a confirmation of his theory that Jesus was crucified with four, not just two, criminals: two thieves and two other malefactors.
Outside of Brittany, another French Cinq Croix (Five Crosses) exists, reputedly a monument to five brothers killed in the 11th century in battle against William the Conqueror. Unlike those at Ploubezre, these five crosses are not placed side by side. The monument is at the intersection of route D933 (Route de Houdan) and D136 north toward Marchefroy.
Notre-Dame du Calvaire, Paris

48°51′43″N 2°21′54″E﻿ / ﻿48.861835°N 2.364909°E﻿ / 48.861835; 2.364909
The Convent of Our Lady of Calvary (French: couvent de Notre-Dame du Calvaire), also named Convent of the Filles du Calvaire (couvent des Filles du Calvaire), is a former Roman Catholic convent in Paris, France.
The convent was located between streets Rue des Filles-du-Calvaire [fr], Rue Boucherat (now Rue de Turenne [fr]), Rue du Pont-aux-Choux [fr] and Boulevard des Filles-du-Calvaire [fr].
Father Joseph purchased the Hôtel de l'Ardoise, a property located at the end of Rue Vieille-du-Temple [fr], in order to fund a second establishment for the Nuns of Our Lady of Calvary. The nuns settled in the building in 1633. The foundation stone of the church was laid in 1635 by Dutchess d'Aiguillon, who was standing in for her uncle Cardinal Richelieu.
The convent, completed on April 10, 1637, was supposed to be named the "Convent of the Crucifixion" as requested by Father Joseph, but the church was consecrated in 1650 as the "Church of the Transfiguration". In the same period, the nuns of Our Lady took possession of the church.
The Congregation of Our Lady of Calvary was dissolved in 1790 during the French Revolution, and their property was sold as a national good on Vendémiaire 8, Year V (September 29, 1796). In 1804, the Rue Neuve-de-Bretagne (now Rue Froissard [fr]) and Rue Neuve-de-Ménilmontant (now Rue Commines [fr]), were established through the site of the former convent, without any permission. They were incorporated into the public road system in 1806. A third street and a passageway, which were planned as a part of the housing estate plan on the site, were not established.
Cléden-Poher Parish close

The Cléden-Poher Parish close (enclos paroissial) comprises the Église Notre-Dame de l'Assomption, a calvary and an ossuary, and is located in the arrondissement of Châteaulin in Finistère in Brittany in north-western France. It is a listed historical monument since 1983.
The Église Notre-Dame-de-l’Assomption was restored and modified in 1689 and in 1907.
This porch contains statues of Catherine of Sienna, Saint Francis of Assisi and Saint Dominic.
There are two double doors here which gives access to the church. The tympanum contains a statue of the Virgin Mary.
This comprises three scenes; The procession to Golgotha, the crucifixion and a mise au tombeau; Jesus being prepared for burial.
The ossuary, partly gothic and partly renaissance in style, is located in the north east corner of the cemetery.
This dates to 1575 and depicts various scenes from the passion including the Flagellation, a scene showing the cross being carried to Golgotha and Jesus on the cross. Angels collect Jesus' blood into chalices.
48°14′07″N 3°40′11″W﻿ / ﻿48.2354°N 3.6696°W﻿ / 48.2354; -3.6696
Commana Parish close

The Commana Parish close (Enclos paroissial) is located at Commana in the arrondissement of Morlaix in Brittany in north-western France. The parish church of Commana is dedicated to the 14th century Breton saint, Saint Derrien. The church was built in 1645. The church, the ossuary, the calvary and the triumphal arch are a listed historical monument since 1915.
There are two calvaries in Commana. One is dated 1624, is 6 metres high, and was the work of Roland Doré whilst the second carries two dates: 1585 and 1742. The Doré calvary is located in the enclos cemetery whilst the older calvary stands between the triumphal arch and the south porch. In the older calvary there is a statue of Mary Magdalene at the base of the cross and beneath the depiction of the crucified Jesus is a depiction of an angel and devil with Saint Sebastian with archers depicted on the reverse. On the Doré calvary, there is a depiction of a monk with a book on the reverse side to the crucified Jesus. The other statues are of the Virgin Mary with Saint Hervé on the reverse side and John the Evangelist with Saint Francis of Assisi on the reverse. There is also a sculpture of a "Vierge de Pitié".
The building was built between 1677 and 1687 and has an altar which came from an old ruined chapel.
The porch was built in the Renaissance style in around 1645. In the central niche, there is a statue of Saint Derrien. Inside the porch, there are twelve empty niches these leading up to two doors which give access to the church. The buttresses supporting the porch also have niches which contain sculptures depicting Joseph and the Virgin Mary.
The tower is 57 metres high and dates to 1592.
The Baroque Saint Anne altarpiece depicts Saint Anne, the Virgin Mary and Jesus holding a terrestrial globe with niches containing statues of Saint Joachim and Saint Joseph and a depiction of the Annunciation, with the Holy Father wearing a crown and presenting his resurrected son. The Rosary altarpiece depicts the Virgin Mary handing the rosary to Saint Dominic and Saint Catherine of Sienna and the altarpiece of the "Cinque Plaies" depicts the resurrected Jesus showing the wounds from the crucifixion whilst two angels crown him with a garland of flowers. One holds the crown of thorns and the other some nails. In niches are statues of Saints Marguerite and Sebastian. At Marguerite's feet is a rather terrifying dragon.
Contains statues of both Saint Pol de Léon and Saint Derrien.
The pulpit dates to 1673.
Dates from 1656 to 1683. The granite font dates to 1656 and the baldachin dates to 1683 and is the work of Honoré Alliot. The baldachin has five wood carvings depicting Charity, Hope, Faith, Justice and Temperance.
In the nave are statues of Saint Yves and Saint Roch. The north wall is decorated with statues of Saint Catherine of Alexandria, the Virgin Mary and Saint Bernard. In the south aisle there is an "Ecce Homo" and near the church entrance there is a statue of John the Evangelist.
48°24′48″N 3°57′20″W﻿ / ﻿48.4134°N 3.9556°W﻿ / 48.4134; -3.9556
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List of country subdivision flags in Europe

This page lists the country subdivision flags in Europe. It is a part of the Lists of country subdivision flags, which is split into continents due to its size.
Each county of Estonia has adopted a flag, each of them conforming to a pattern: a white half at the top bearing the county's coat of arms in the middle, and a green half at the bottom.
Not all regions have selected an official flag.
Not all regions have selected an official flag.
Many states have separate civil and state versions of their flags; the state flags (listed) include the state arms, while the civil versions don't. See Flags of German states.
Each county of Lithuania has adopted a flag, each of them conforming to a pattern: a blue rectangle, with ten instances of the Cross of Vytis appearing in gold, acts as a fringe to the central feature of the flag, which is chosen by the county itself. Most of the central designs were adapted from the counties' coat of arms.
Each of the eleven municipalities has its own flag, all flown as vertical banners.
Castles have their own flag, as indicated by March 28th 1997 decree n°40. Article 2 demands each name to be indicated vertically at the hoist in peigmot font, but it is not enforced and it is usual see hoisted unnamed flags at public offices.
Each official flag is based on the coat of arms for the county, see gallery, and used on buildings etc. used by respective county administration. Unofficial flags are used by private and local people.
Linguistic boundary of Brittany

The language boundary in Brittany is the language border between the part of Brittany where Breton (a Celtic language) is spoken and the area in Brittany where Gallo (a Romance language) is spoken. The existence of this linguistic border led to differentiate the Celtic-speaking Lower Brittany (West) from the Romance-speaking Upper Brittany (East).
The farthest eastern extension of the Breton language was in the ninth century, when the linguistic border was located near Nantes and Rennes. Breton declined inexorably in favor of the Gallo gradually moving westward along a Binic-Guérande line. The border can now be traced along a line from Plouha to Rhuys. The linguistic unification of France, completed after World War II, made somewhat obsolete the linguistic aspect of the distinction between Upper and Lower Brittany, although many people still consider it valid in terms of toponymy, culture and identity.
Place-names are one form of evidence for the linguistic boundary during the Early Middle Ages, suggesting that it was much farther to the east than it is now, near Nantes and Rennes. For example, Pleugueneuc, in Ille-et-Vilaine, combines the Breton element plou (parish) with the name 'Guehenoc'.
The distinction of two Brittanys was made at least as early as the 15th century, when the names used were Britannia gallicana (Gallic Brittany) and Britannia britonizans (Brittonic Brittany). At that time, it appears that Lower Brittany had a separate fiscal status. Since then, the boundary between them has changed slowly as a result of the long retreat of the Breton language.
Under the ancien régime, the boundary between the two was generally in line with the province's division into nine bishoprics, with those of Rennes, Dol, Nantes, St Malo and St Brieuc considered to form Upper Brittany, while Tréguier, Vannes, Quimper and Saint-Pol-de-Léon formed Lower Brittany.
In 1588, the historian Bertrand d'Argentré defined the boundary as running from the outskirts of Binic southwards to Guérande, leaving the towns of Loudéac, Josselin, and Malestroit in Upper Brittany. In 1886, Paul Sébillot noted that the boundary was deeper into what had been Breton territory, the line then running from Plouha on the north coast to Batz-sur-Mer in the south, on the Bay of Biscay.
The boundary between 'Upper' and 'Lower' Brittany is now a purely imaginary line and has no administrative or other status. However, having been based on linguistic areas, the boundary does correspond very roughly to administrative borders. The town of Ploërmel is one point where the two meet.
In area, Upper Brittany now takes in something over half of the 35,000 square kilometres of the whole of Brittany, but it has some 2.5 million people, compared with Lower Brittany's 1.6 million. In the early 20th century, about 60% of the population had lived in the Breton-speaking areas.