Tropical cyclones in India

India is a country in the north of Indian Ocean that is the most vulnerable to getting hit by tropical cyclones in the basin, from the east or from the west. On average, 2–3 tropical cyclones make landfall in India each year, with about one being a severe tropical cyclone or greater.
India is a country in South Asia that is bounded by the Arabian Sea, the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal, while it shares land borders with Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan. India is also located within the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar and Indonesia. On average around 2 to 4 tropical cyclones impact India every year, while most of these tropical cyclones impact the east coast of Indian states of West Bengal, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu.
From the 1960s to the mid-2000s, 65% of global tropical cyclone fatalities were located in the Bay of Bengal.
The west coast of India is less prone to cyclones; one cyclone out of every two to four hits the west coast, with the majority of them occurring in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka and Kerala.
The IMD issues warnings in four stages for the Indian coast.
Note that records before 1960 are largely unreliable and storms that stayed at sea were often only reported by ship reports.
A powerful cyclone hit Calcutta on 5 October 1864, killing an estimated 60,000 people.
The anemometer in the city was blown away during the cyclone. A lack of storm surge minimized the overall damage from this system.
A cyclone had formed near the Laccadive Islands on May 24, 555 kilometres (345 mi) west of southern India. The SS Mergui encountered the cyclone off the Horn of Africa, 400 kilometres (250 mi) east of Socotra on June 1 and reported it stronger than the tropical cyclone which struck Calcutta in 1864. Just before midnight on the night of June 1, the Diomed reported winds of hurricane force and a pressure of 984 millibars (29.1 inHg). The ship Peshawar reported a westerly hurricane at the east end of the Gulf of Aden towards midnight on the night of June 2. At noon on June 3, the Tantallon reported a pressure of 943 millibars (27.8 inHg) near 12.5N 45.5E. On June 3, the German corvette Augusta, the French dispatch boat Renard, and the British ship SS Speke Hall were lost in the storm in the Gulf of Aden. The system continued westward and shrank in scale as it moved into the entrance of the Red Sea, crossing the coast of Djibouti. It became the first North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone in recorded history to transit the gulf of Aden with fully hurricane intensity and held the record of westernmost landfalling North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone ever and also the only recorded tropical cyclone to make landfall in the nation of Djibouti.
An intense cyclone struck Odisha. It may killed many lives however there was no evidence of this during those era.
In November a violent cyclonic storm with hurricane-force winds strikes Gujarat causing a ship to sink. Around 1,300 people are killed during the storm.
1891 Siam Cyclone has formed in Philippine Sea as depression and made landfall on Philippines. And continue to its path, developed to Tropical Storm before entered Gulf Of Thailand. As it entered, it became typhoon and strengthening into Category-5 Status Tropical Cyclone. It made landfall on Thailand and then toward to Port Blair as Category-5 Tropical Cyclone. Siam Cyclone had weakening into Category-3 Status before made landfall at Northern India.
There are 15 depressions and 6 cyclonic storms.
In November 1940, a severe cyclone struck Mumbai, with gusts reaching reached 121 km/h in Colaba. There were bodies floating in floodwaters, and the cyclone cost the city 25 lakh rupees.
The season was above average with five cyclones forming and one making landfall over India.
The season was above average, with five cyclones forming and three making landfall over India.
The season includes four cyclones, with one entering from the West Pacific Ocean, making a total of five cyclones.
The season was above average with seventeen depressions forming. Out of them, six cyclones formed with four making landfall in India. The season includes the first Super Cyclonic Storm to be recorded in the satellite era.
The season was above average, with seven cyclones forming, three of which made landfall over India and one threatened the coast.
This season included three deadly back-to-back cyclones which affected West Bengal and Bangladesh collectively in the months of May, June and November, killing up to 50,000 people.
The season was above average, with eight cyclones forming and six intensifying further into severe cyclonic storms.
This season included two back-to-back cyclones affecting Andhra Pradesh in May and November, killing 900 people collectively.
The season was above average, with seven cyclones forming, two of which made landfall over India.
This season was above average, with seven cyclones forming and four making landfall over India.
The season was above average, with six cyclones forming with three making landfall over India. The season includes a Super Cyclonic Storm which later became the most intense to make landfall at Andhra Pradesh. The season includes two simultaneous cyclones on either side of the North Indian Ocean basin (Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea) at the same time, the first instance of such incident. The next time this would happen would be in 2018.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming and two making landfall over India. The season includes the powerful cyclone to hit Sri Lanka in the month of November and second year in a row to have a Super Cyclonic Storm.
The season was above average, with six cyclones forming with two making landfall over India and one threatened the coast.
The season was near normal, with four cyclones forming and one making landfall over India. All the cyclones remained weak in the season as no cyclones intensified further than cyclonic storm.
The season was above average, with five cyclones forming and four making landfall over India.
The season was above average, with five cyclones forming, with all of them making landfall over India.
The season was below average with two cyclones forming and one making landfall over India. The season includes one basin crossover from the West Pacific Ocean named as Tropical Storm Kim as a Deep Depression but haven't intensified further in the basin.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming and three making landfall over India. The season includes the first recorded cyclone to make landfall at Somalia and became the westernmost landfall of a North Indian Ocean cyclone until 2018 Cyclone Sagar.
This season was above average, with six cyclones forming and five of them making landfall in India.
The season was least active as only one cyclone forming from three systems. The one cyclone itself made landfall over India. It was the second least active in the North Indian Ocean basin next to 1993.
The season was above average, with five cyclones forming and includes two unofficial storm monitored by the JTWC making a total seven cyclones. Four of them made landfall over India.
The season was below average, with three cyclones forming with one making landfall over India.
The season was below average with two cyclones forming and includes one cyclone entering the basin from the West Pacific Ocean making a total three cyclones. Out of them, all made landfall over India. It was the first time to have a Super Cyclonic Storm since 1977 and it was first in a row to have a Super Cyclonic Storm.
The season was below average with two cyclones forming and one making landfall over India. The season includes one Super Cyclonic Storm which was the second consecutive season with this type of storm.
The season was below average with three cyclones forming with one unofficial storm monitored by the JTWC making a total four cyclones but only one makes landfall over India. It was the third and final consecutive season to have a Super Cyclonic Storm.
The season was above average with seven cyclones forming and only one making landfall over India. It was earlier one of the most active North Indian Ocean cyclone season on record but at present tied with 2018 and 2019 seasons as most active ever.
The season was below average with only two cyclones forming with both of them making landfall over India. The season was least active in the whole North Indian Ocean basin because in overall only four systems formed.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming and one making landfall over India.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming and two making landfall over India.
The season was above average with five cyclones forming along with one cyclone monitored by the JTWC making a total six cyclones with five of them making landfall over India.
The season was below average with two cyclones forming and includes Tropical Storm Linda which entered the basin from the West Pacific Ocean and an unofficial storm monitored by the JTWC making a total four cyclones. But not even a single cyclone made landfall over India despite the season is in El Nino . But one threatened the coast.
The season was above average with six cyclones forming and three making landfall over India and one threatened the coast.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming and two making landfall over India. The season includes the most intense cyclone ever recorded in North Indian Ocean basin on record.
The season was above average with five cyclones forming with two making Indian landfall and one threatening the coast of India.
The season was above average with four cyclones forming with one Tropical Storm Vamei entering from the West Pacific Ocean making a total of five cyclones. But only one makes landfall over India and another threatening the coast.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming and one making landfall over India.
The season was below normal with three cyclones forming with one making landfall over India. Another storm threatened the coast of India. It was the last season to have unnamed cyclones in the North Indian Ocean basin.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming and not even a single cyclone making landfall over India. However, two cyclones threatened the coast of India. This was the first season when the naming of storms over the North Indian Ocean basin began, with Cyclone Onil formed in September.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming and three making landfall over India. This season was the first instance when there were no cyclones intensified further than Cyclonic Storm. The other season to do so was 2012.
The season was below average with three cyclones forming but only one making landfall over India.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming but the season has no Indian landfall. But depressions formed in this season were the deadliest. It saw the first Super Cyclonic Storm in the basin since 1999 and the first to ever record in the Arabian Sea. It was also the first time to have two category 5 equivalent cyclone in one minute mean in a single season.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming and two making landfall over India.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming with two making landfall over India.
The season was above average with five cyclones forming with two Indian landfall. The above average activity was influenced by the La Nina.
This season was below average with two cyclones forming with one making landfall over India.
This season had the latest start in the North Indian Ocean basin on record by first system forming on 12 October. It was the least active season since 1993 as only five systems formed and two cyclones forming. One made landfall in India out of two cyclones.
The season was above average with five cyclones forming and four making landfall over India.
The season was below average with only three cyclones forming with only one making landfall over India.
The season despite being under powerful El Nino which was near normal with four cyclones forming, but the season haven't feature even a single Indian landfall. But depressions formed during monsoons were the deadliest.
The season was near normal with four cyclones forming with three affecting India and one threatened the coast.
The season was below average with three cyclones forming with one affecting India.
The season was first in the series of three consecutive years of above average activity. Total seven cyclones formed with four attacking India which is the highest number since 1992. The season was first time since 1977 to have simultaneous cyclones in either sides of the North Indian Ocean (Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea) at a same time.
The season was third consecutive year of above average activity as five cyclones formed this year with three making landfall over India. The season was the second in a row to have a Super Cyclonic Storm and the first to record in Bay of Bengal since 1999.
This season was fourth consecutive year of above average activity with five cyclones forming and three making landfall over India and one threatened the coast.
This season ended the streak of four consecutive years with above average cyclone activity by having only three cyclones forming this year and two making landfall over India.