davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Turned chair

Turned chairs – sometimes called thrown chairs or spindle chairs – represent a style of Elizabethan or Jacobean turned furniture that were in vogue in the late 16th and early 17th century England, New England and Holland. In turned furniture, the individual wooden spindles of the piece are made by shaping them with chisels and gouges while they are being turned on a lathe. Joiners or carpenters who made such furniture were termed "turners", or "bodgers", hence the surname Turner. Today, turned chairs – as well as various turned decorative elements – are still commonly made, but by machines rather than by hand.
The earliest turned chairs are of uncertain date, but they became common in the 17th century. Before this date there are rare examples that claim to date back to before 1300, but most of these early examples are from manuscripts.
The characteristics of a turned chair are that the frame members are turned cylindrical on a lathe. The main uprights are usually heavier and plainly turned, the lighter spindles infilling between them are more decoratively turned, often with repeated bobbin turning, so as to appear as a series of balls, beads or bails. The complexity of this turning varies widely, and is used as a guide to identifying the region of origin. Some chairs have so many spindles that their backs and sides form an almost solid latticework, akin to the Arabic lattice windows or Mashrabiya. Eighteenth century turned chairs became far simpler. Eventually their techniques influenced the celebratedly simple and elegant style of the Shaker chair, still largely made by turning.
Three-legged chairs are common, particularly for older examples. The evolution of the chair is from the simple backless stool, commonly three-legged for stability. As there is no wide back, there is no reason to have more than one rear leg. These gave rise to the backstool, a backless stool with one leg extended upwards and later widened by a flat pad. As this pad developed further and wider it began to be supported by diagonal spindles for strength. These gave rise to the arms of the three-legged turned chair (illustrated). In time the turned chair gained a fourth leg and a square plan, becoming closer to the modern chair. Its evolution is through these three-legged stools though, not from the square chest and the throne-like box chairs.
Seats are commonly solid, but these are often replacements and their original material is uncertain. For later examples, especially from America, a rush seat is common.
Most turned chairs are of ash, but they are also found in fruitwoods and American specimens may use hickory, cherry and maple. Use of oak itself is relatively rare, but their age and relatively simple style means that they are normally counted as part of the "Age of Oak" furniture.
In early colonial New England, large wooden turned armchairs – which came to be called "Great Chairs" – are thought to have been used by leading officials as symbols of authority. In the 19th century, eminent names were attached to individual chairs, and their stylistic variants, which had been passed down through some of the "Mayflower families".
Federal furniture

Federal furniture refers to American furniture produced in the federal style period, which lasted from approximately 1789 to 1823 and is itself named after the Federalist Era in American politics (ca. 1788-1800). Notable furniture makers who worked in the federal style included John and Thomas Seymour, Duncan Phyfe and Charles-Honoré Lannuier. It was influenced by the Georgian and Adam styles, and was superseded by the American Empire style.
Pieces in this style are characterized by their sharply geometric forms, legs that are usually straight rather than curved, contrasting veneers, and geometric inlay patterns on otherwise flat surfaces. Pictorial motifs, when extant, usually reference the new federal government with symbols such as the eagle.
The Oval Office grandfather clock, made between 1795–1805 in Boston by John and Thomas Seymour, is a noted example of the federal style of furniture. The Green Room in the White House perfectly demonstrates this style of furniture.
Bombay furniture

The term "Bombay" or "blackwood" applies to a rather extensive class of furniture pieces originally manufactured in the city of Bombay (now Mumbai) and in the towns of Surat and Ahmedabad in India.
Bombay furniture has influences from England, France, and Holland. In 1850 there were six main furniture shops in Bombay, with five to ten workmen in each shop.
The wood used is Shisham or blackwood (Dalbergia), a hard-grained dark-colored timber which with proper treatment assumes a beautiful natural polish. The blackwood was often brought from Cochin or further down the Malabar coast. Much of the so-called Bombay furniture is clumsy and inelegant in form, defects which it is suggested by experts, like Sir George Birdwood, it owes to the circumstance that the original models were Dutch. In some cases, intricate Indian carvings were applied to European shapes of furniture. Some of the smaller articles, such as flower stands, small tables, and ornamental stands, are, however, of exceedingly graceful contour, and good examples are highly prized by collectors. The carving at its best is lace-like in character, and apart from its inherent beauty is attractive on account of the ingenuity shown by the worker in adapting his design in detail to the purpose of the article he is fashioning.
The workmen who manufacture the most artistic Bombay furniture are a special class with inherited traditions. Shopkeepers were often Parsi while the workers commonly came from Gujarat and Kutch. Often a man knows only one design, which has been transmitted to him by his father, who in his turn had had it from his father before him. In the early 1900s under European auspices efforts were made with a certain measure of success to modernize the industry by introducing portions of the native work into furniture of Western design. In the main, however, the conventional patterns were still adhered to. Bombay boxes are inlaid in geometrical patterns on wood. The inlaying materials consist of the wire, sandal wood, sappanwood, ebony, ivory and stags' horns, and the effect produced by the combination of minute pieces of these various substances is altogether peculiar and distinctive. The pattern is first drawn on paper and subsequently on the wood. Furniture makers used the adze, chisel and drill.
Satin

A satin weave is a type of fabric weave that produces a characteristically glossy, smooth or lustrous material, typically with a glossy top surface and a dull back; it is not durable, as it tends to snag. It is one of three fundamental types of textile weaves alongside plain weave and twill weave.
The satin weave is characterised by four or more fill or weft yarns floating over a warp yarn, and four warp yarns floating over a single weft yarn. Floats are missed interfacings, for example where the warp yarn lies on top of the weft in a warp-faced satin. These floats explain the high lustre and even sheen, as unlike in other weaves, light is not scattered as much when hitting the fibres, resulting in a stronger reflection. Satin is usually a warp-faced weaving technique in which warp yarns are "floated" over weft yarns, although there are also weft-faced satins. If a fabric is formed with a satin weave using filament fibres such as silk, polyester or nylon, the corresponding fabric is termed a 'satin', although some definitions insist that a satin fabric is only made from silk. If the yarns used are short-staple yarns such as cotton, the fabric formed is considered a sateen.
Many variations can be made of the basic satin weave, including a granite weave and a check weave.
Satin is commonly used in clothing, for items such as lingerie, nightgowns, blouses, and evening gowns, but is also used for boxer shorts, shirts and neckties. It is also used in the production of pointe shoes for ballet. Other uses include interior furnishing fabrics, upholstery, and bed sheets.
Satin was originally made solely of silk, which, for much of history, was produced and found mainly in China. In ancient China, various forms of satin fabrics existed, which came under several names, such as duan (缎), zhusi (紵丝), ling (绫), jin (锦), wusi (五丝) and basi (八丝). Chinese satin, in its original form, was supposed to be a five- or six-end warp satin. The six-end warp satin weave was mostly likely a derivative of the six-end warp twill weave during the Tang and Northern Song dynasty periods.
Silk satin was introduced to Europe during the 12th century. As an imported fabric, it was considerably expensive, and was worn only by the upper classes.
The word "satin" derives its origin from the Chinese port city of Quanzhou (泉州), which was known as Zayton in Europe and Arab countries during the Yuan dynasty (13th–14th century). During that period, Quanzhou was visited by Arab merchants and by Europeans. The Arabs referred to silk satin imported from Quanzhou as zaituni. During the latter part of the Middle Ages, Quanzhou was a major shipping port of silk, using the Maritime Silk Road to reach Europe. It was mostly used in the Arab world.
Satin-weave fabrics are more flexible, with better draping characteristics than plain weaves. In a satin weave, the fill yarn passes over multiple warp yarns before interlacing under one warp yarn. Common satin weaves are:
Because of the different ways the weave is employed, satin has a range of functions from interior décor to fashion.
Quezon, Quezon

Ang Bayan ng Quezon ay isang ika-5 klaseng bayan sa lalawigan ng Quezon, Pilipinas. Ayon sa senso ng 2020, ito ay may populasyon na 15,886 sa may 4,039 na kabahayan. Ipinangalan ang bayan na ito kay Pangulong Manuel L. Quezon.
Ang bayan ng Quezon ay nahahati sa 24 mga barangay.
Ang lathalaing ito ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Abenida Roosevelt

Ang Abenida Roosevelt (Ingles: Roosevelt Avenue) ay isang pangunahing lansangan sa distrito ng San Francisco del Monte (na tinatawag ring Frisco) sa Lungsod Quezon, Kalakhang Maynila, Pilipinas. Dumadaan ito mula EDSA sa hilagang dulo nito hanggang Abenida Quezon sa katimugang dulo nito. Pagdaan, babagtasin nito ang Kalye M.H. del Pilar, Kalye Pitimini, at Abenida Del Monte. Ang kabuuang haba nito ay 2.9 kilometro (1.8 milya). Paglampas ng EDSA, tutuloy ito bilang Abenida Kongresyonal.
Isa itong bahagi ng sistema ng lansangang bayan sa Pilipinas bilang isang pambansang daang tersiyaryo. Ang mga lansangan sa ganitong uri ay hindi nakanumero.
Ipinangalan ang abenida mula kay Franklin Delano Roosevelt, dating pangulo ng Estados Unidos. Noong 2010, may isang panukalang batas na iniakda ni Vicente Crisologo, Kinatawan ng Unang Distrito ng Lungsod Quezon, sa Kongreso. Ang panukalang batas ay mabibigay ng bagong pangalan sa Abenida Roosevelt na mula kay Reynaldo Calalay, dating kinatawan ng Unang Distrito ng Lungsod Quezon. Ang nabanggit na panukalang batas ay kasalukuyang nakabinbin sa Komite ng Pagawaing Bayan at Lansangan ng Senado.
14°38′42″N 121°1′1″E﻿ / ﻿14.64500°N 121.01694°E﻿ / 14.64500; 121.01694
Senado ng Estados Unidos

38°53′26″N 77°0′32″W﻿ / ﻿38.89056°N 77.00889°W﻿ / 38.89056; -77.00889
Ang Senador ng Estados Unidos ang mataas na kapulungan ng bikameral na lehislatura ng Estados Unidos at kasama ng Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan ng Estados Unidos ay bumubuo sa Kongreso ng Estados Unidos. Ang komposisyon at mga kapangyarihan ng Senado ay itinatag sa Unang Artikulo ng Saligang Batas ng Estados Unidos. Ang bawat estado ng Estados Unidos ay kinakatawan ng dalawang mga senador nang hindi nagsasaalang alang sa populasyon at ito ay nagsisilbi ng magkakahaliling mga anim na taong termino. Ang kamara ng Senado ng Estados Unidos ay matatagpuan Kapitolyo ng Estados Unidos sa pambansang kabisera na Washington, D.C.
Ang Senado ng Estados Unidos ay may ilang mga eksklusibong kapangyarihan na hindi ipinagkakaloob sa mga Kinatawan kabilang ang pagpayag sa mga kasunduan bilang isang prekondisyon ng kanilang ratipikasyon at pagpayag sa o pagkukumpirma sa mga hinihirang na mga kalihim ng Gabinete, mga pederal na hukom, iba pang mga pederal na ehekutibong opisyal, mga mga opiser ng hukbo, mga regulatoryong opisyal, mga embahador, at iba pang mga pederal na unipormadong opiser gayundin ang mga paglilitis ng mga opisyal na pederal na inimpeach ng Kinatawan. Ang Senador ay parehong mas deliberatibong and more prestigious katawan kesa sa Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan dahil sa mga mas mahabang termino nito, mas maliit na sukat at mga pang-estadong konstituensiya na historikal na humantong sa mas kolehiyal at kaunting partisanong atmospero.
Estatwa ng Kalayaan

Ang Kalayaang Nagbibigay ng Liwanag sa Mundo (Ingles: Liberty Enlightening the World, Pranses: La liberté éclairant le monde), na mas kilala sa pangkaraniwang katawagang Estatwa ng Kalayaan (Ingles: Statue of Liberty, Pranses: Statue de la Liberté), ay isang malaking estatwa na iniregalo ng Pransiya sa Estados Unidos noong 1886. Nakatayo ito sa Liberty Island - o Pulo ng Kalayaan - (isang bahagi ng New York subalit pisikal na nasa gawing New Jersey ng Daungan ng New York). Nagsisilbi ito bilang pambati sa lahat ng mga panauhin, mga imigrante, at mga nagbabalik-bayang mga Amerikano. Itinalaga ang estatwang ito na nababalutan ng tansong patina noong 28 Oktubre 1886 upang alalahanin ang sentenyal ng Estados Unidos at bilang pagpapakita ng pagkakaibigan ng Pransiya sa Amerika. Nililok ni Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi ang estatwa at nakatanggap ng patente mula sa Estados Unidos na nagamit sa pagipon ng mga laang salapi para sa pagpapagawa sa pamamagitan ng pagbibili ng mga maliliit na estatwang kahawig. Si Alexandre Gustave Eiffel (ang dumisenyo ng Toreng Eiffel) ang nagsilbing inhinyero para sa panloob na kayarian ng estatwa. Samantalang si Eugène Viollet-le-Duc naman ang nagkaroon ng tungkulin sa pagpili ng tansong gagamitin para sa paggawa ng estatwa, siya rin ang may katungkulan sa paggamit ng pamamaraang repoussé sa pagawaing ito.
Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Estados Unidos ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Calbayog

Ang Lungsod ng Calbayog (pagbigkas: kal•bá•yog) ay isang lungsod sa lalawigan ng Kanlurang Samar, Pilipinas. Ayon sa senso ng 2020, ito ay may populasyon na 186,960 sa may 43,030 na kabahayan.
Ang Lungsod ng Calbayog ay nahahati sa 157 barangay.
May 85 barangay ang distrito ng Calbayog.
May 27 barangay ang distrito ng Tinambacan.
May 45 barangay ang distrito ng Oquendo.
Valencia, Bukidnon

Ang Lungsod ng Valencia ay isang ika-4 na klaseng lungsod sa lalawigan ng Bukidnon, Pilipinas. Ayon sa senso ng 2020, ito ay may populasyon na 216,546 sa may 52,184 na kabahayan.
Ang Lungsod ng Valencia City ay nahahati sa mga 31 barangay.
Abenida Tomas Morato

Ang Abenida Tomas Morato (Ingles: Tomas Morato Avenue) ay isang kilalang kalye sa Lungsod Quezon na may apat na linya (dalawa sa bawat direksyon) at haba na 1.6 kilometro (1 milya). Nagsisimula ito sa sangandaan ng Abenida Eulogio Rodriguez Sr. sa Baranggay Mariana, New Manila, at nagtatapos ito sa Kalye Eugenio Lopez (dating Kalye Scout Albano). Sa sangandaan ng kalye at Abenida Timog matatagpuan ang monumento na ala-ala sa 22 Boy Iskawt na nasawi sa pagbagsak ng eroplano noong papunta sila sa 11th World Scout Jamboree. Sa nasabing sangandaan din matatagpuan ang dating kinalalagyan ng Ozone disco.
Kilala ang kalye bilang hilera ng mga restoran sa pook panlibangan ng Lungsod Quezon (lalo sa bandang paligid ng sangandaan ng Abenida Timog). Kilala rin ang kalye sa mga bar, disco, karaoke, at klab pang-komedya nito.
Ang Abenida Tomas Morato, na ibinuksan sa publiko noong mga 1940, ay dating tinawag na Sampaloc Avenue. Pinangalanan ito dahil sa pagiging laganap ng mga punong sampalok sa kabuuan ng kalye sa mga unang taon nito. Pinaniniwalaan na itinanim nina Tomas Eduardo Morato y Bernabeu (unang alkalde ng Lungsod Quezon, 1939–1942), dating pangulo Manuel Luis Quezon, Alejandro Roces (na isang mamamahayag) ang mga nasabing puno. Subalit noong 2012, dalawang punong sampalok na lamang ang natitira, sapagkat ipinutol na ang mga puno upang mabigyang-daan sa pagtatayo ng mga espasyo pamparadahan.
Noong 1966, binigyan ng bagong pangalan ang abenida, mula sa unang alkalde ng Lungsod Quezon. Pagpasok ng dekada-1990, napalitan ng porma ang kalye at naging patok na lugar na may mga bar na nakalinya rito katulad ng Tia Maria's. Noong 1996, naganap sa sangandaan ng abenida sa Abenida Timog ang isa sa mga pinaka-nakakamatay na sunog sa nightklab sa kasaysayan ng Pilipinas.
Noong 2003, isinailalim sa isang pagsasaayos ang kalye kung saan pinaganda ang mga bangketa nito at nilagyan ng mga railing sa mga sulok nito upang maiwasan ang double parking.
14°37′53″N 121°02′04″E﻿ / ﻿14.6313889°N 121.0344444°E﻿ / 14.6313889; 121.0344444
DWAO-TV

Ang DWAO-TV Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Tsanel 37 ay isang UHF estasyong pantelebisyon sa Pilipinas na pinaooperate ng Progressive Broadcasting Corporation. Ang himpilang na ito ay ang iilan lamang na stasyon na gumagamit ng sistemang-pankulay na NTSC-System M na nasa Tampukan 37 Ang kanilang himpilan o studio ay matagpuan sa EDSA (malapit sa TriNoma), Lungsod ng Quezon, Pilipinas.
Currently, there are ten stations in different parts of the Philippines. UNTV Management plans to cover the 81 provinces in the Philippines as part of its expansion program in the near future.
De minimis

Ang de minimis ay salitang Latin na nagngangahulugang "tumutukoy sa pinakamaliit na mga bagay", karaniwang makikita sa mga salitang de minimis non curat praetor ("Hindi ginugugol ng mahistrado ang kaniyang sarili sa mga bagay na walang kabuluhan") o de minimis non curat lex ("Hindi ginugugol ng batas ang sarili nito sa mga bagay na walang kabuluhan"), isang paniniwalang ligal na kung saang hindi isinasaalang-alang ng isang hukuman ang maliit na mga bagay. Pumanig si Cristina, Reyna ng Suwesya (namuno 1633–1654), sa isang kawangis na kasabihang Latin na aquila non capit muscās (hindi hinuhuli ng agila ang mga langaw).
Nagsimula ang ligal na kasaysayan ng de minimis sa ika-15 dantaon.
Nagkaroon ng samo't-saring mga kahulugang espesyalisado sa samo't-saring mga konteksto ang pangkalahatang salitang ito. Nagpapahiwatig ito na sa ilalim ng isang tiyak na mababang lebel, ituturing na hindi gaanong mahalaga ang isang kantidad at tinatrato ayon sa iisang pamatayan o proporsyon.
Paminsan-minsan, hindi paiiralin ng mga hukuman ang karapatang-sipi sa binagong-anyo na pampublikong dominyong materyal kapag maituturing na de minimis ang mga pagbabago. Sa katulad na paraan, ibinasura ng mga hukuman ang mga kasong hinggil sa paglabag sa karapatang-sipi sa dahilang maliit na halaga lamang ang paggamit ng umano'y lumabag sa karapatang-sipi ng isang likhang protektado ng karapatang-sipi kaya maituturing itong de minimis, tulad ng pagsasampol ng musika. Halimbawa, de minimis lamang at hindi lumalabag sa karapatang-sipi ang pagsali sa mga larong bidyo ng NBA 2K ng mga tatuwahe ni LeBron James na protektado ng karapatang-sipi sa rekreasyon ng mga pagkakawangis ng mga manlalaro. Subalit sa Bridgeport Music, Inc. v. Dimension Films, binaligtad ang gayong pasya sa pag-apela; tuwirang hindi kinalala ng hukuman ng apelasyon ng Estados Unidos ang pamantayang de minimis para sa dihital na pagsasampol.
Maaring gamitin bilang pagtatanggol sa mga kaso ng paglabag sa karapatang-sipi sa India ang prinsipyong de minimis non curat lex. Ang mahalagang usapin ay kung maaaring gamitin bilang hiwalay na depensa ang prinsipyong de minimis sa halip na patas na paggamit sa ilalim ng seksiyong 52 ng Batas ng Karapatang-ari ng India. Tinalakay ng hukuman ang kaangkupan ng prinsipyong de minimis sa India TV Independent News Service Pvt. Ltd. and Ors. v Yashraj Films Pvt. Ltd.. Bago ang kasong ito, hindi malinaw ang prinsipyong ito hinggil sa paglalapat nito. Ang buong katotohanan ay ang pagkopya ng limang mga salitang buhat sa isang awit na may limang taludtud. Pagkaraang inilapat ang limang mga salik na kadalasang isinasaalang-alang ng nga hukom sa paglalapat ng de minimis, dumating sa resulta ang hukuman na napakaliit lamang ang pagsuway sa karapatang-sipi at pumapasa sa depensang de minimis.
List of barangays in Quezon City

Quezon City, the most populous city in the Philippines, is politically subdivided into 142 barangays. All of Quezon City's barangays are classified as urban.
These barangays are grouped into six congressional districts, with each district represented by a congressman in the House of Representatives. As of July 2, 2012, President Benigno S. Aquino III signed into law Republic Act No. 10170, dividing and reapportioning the Second District into three legislative districts, namely the Second, Fifth and Sixth Districts.
Each Barangay has a history behind its name. Most of the Barangays in Quezon City are named in honor of the peoples residing in the area, their Barangay Patron Saint, and the land and location features in the area.
This can be also subject to corrections and suggestions, as it was an initial map of it.
Mayor of Quezon City

The mayor of Quezon City (Filipino: Punong Lungsod ng Quezon) is the head of the executive branch of Quezon City's government. The mayor holds office at the Quezon City Hall.
Like all local government heads in the Philippines, the mayor is elected via popular vote, and may not be elected for a fourth consecutive term (although the former mayor may return to office after an interval of one term). In case of death, resignation or incapacity, the vice mayor becomes the mayor.
Until 1951, the Mayor of Quezon City was appointed by the President of the Philippines. Through Republic Act No. 537 signed by President Elpidio Quirino on June 16, 1950, Quezon City had its first mayoralty election on November 13, 1951.
Appointed ad interim mayor by President Manuel L. Quezon effective October 23, 1939, but his appointment paper was signed by Quezon on November 10, 1939 showed the effective date from October 12, 1939. Arrested by the Japanese forces during their occupation. Died in office. Served in an acting capacity. Resigned. Dismissed by the Department of the Interior and Local Government. Mayor of the City of Greater Manila which included Quezon City.
The vice mayor is the second-highest official in the city. The vice mayor is elected via popular vote; although most mayoral candidates have running mates, the vice mayor is elected separately from the mayor. This can result in the mayor and the vice mayor coming from different political parties.
The vice mayor is the presiding officer of the Quezon City Council. The vice mayor can only vote as the tiebreaker. When a mayor is removed from office, the vice mayor becomes the mayor until the scheduled next election.
Quezon City Council

The Quezon City Council is Quezon City's Sangguniang Panlungsod or legislature. It is composed of 36 councilors, with 6 councilors elected from Quezon City's six councilor districts (coextensive with the Legislative districts of Quezon City) and two councilors elected from the ranks of barangay (neighborhood) chairmen and the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK; youth councils). The presiding officer of the council is the Vice Mayor, who is elected citywide.
The Quezon City Council was originally formed on October 12, 1939, pursuant to the provisions of Section 11 of Commonwealth Act No. 502, otherwise known as "An Act to Create Quezon City".
In its first formation, there were only three members, all appointed by the President of the Philippines. The first three members of the council were Dr. Eusebio Aguilar (Director of Health and City Health Officer), Jose Paez (Engineering Division of the Capital City Planning Commission) and Alejandro Roces Sr. (General Manager of the People's Homesite Corporation).
Membership in the City Council increased as the city's population grew. By 1959, there were eight councilors. In 1972, the council's membership was increased to 16; four for each of the city's four districts. From 1988 to 2010, the council's composition increased to 27 as each of the four districts elected 6 councilors with an additional of two ex-officio members, plus the vice mayor, serving as the council's presiding officer.
When Republic Act No. 10170 was signed into law, creating two new legislative districts for Quezon City, 12 additional councilors were added to the council, increasing its membership to 39.
The Sangguniang Panlungsod, as the legislative body of the city, is mandated by the Local Government Code of 1991 (Republic Act No. 7160) to:
Furthermore, the following duties and functions are relegated to the Sangguniang Panlungsod:
Each of Quezon City's six councilor districts elects six councilors to the council. In plurality-at-large voting, a voter may vote up to six candidates, with the candidates having the six highest number of votes being elected. In addition, the barangay chairmen and the SK chairmen throughout the city elect amongst themselves their representatives to the council. Hence, there are 38 councilors.
City council elections are synchronized with other elections in the country. Elections are held every first Monday of May every third year since 1992.
List of tallest statues in the Philippines

This list of tallest statues in the Philippines includes free-standing, completed statues that are at least 5 meters (16 feet) tall. The height of these statues are measured from the top of its base/pedestal up to its maximum height (including monuments with spires or obelisks).
As of 3 November 2022, this table includes the following statues with a height of 5 m (16 ft) and above.
Mother of All Asia – Tower of Peace

The Mother of All Asia–Tower of Peace is a monument shrine dedicated to the Virgin Mary as a symbol of unity and peace in Asia and the whole world. It is located at the center of the eight-hectare pilgrimage site called Montemaria International Pilgrimage & Conference Center in Sitio Montemaria, Barangay Pagkilatan, Batangas City, Philippines. It is the world's tallest statue of the Virgin Mary at 98.15 m (322.0 ft) which includes the plinth/building it stands on.
The construction of a statue of the Virgin Mary and pilgrimage site at the Montemaria development in Batangas City was originally planned and pursued by the Mary Mother of the Poor Foundation (MMP) led by Catholic priest Fernando Suarez. Suarez got the idea of developing a pilgrimage site from Hermilando Mandanas, a local politician and acquaintance whom he met in 2006, where the priest could perform his faith healing work. Mandanas' company, Abacore Capital Holdings, Inc., donated the five-hectare land in Barangay Pagkilatan where the statue and the proposed pilgrimage site would stand, which would later be called Montemaria.
Initially, progress for the project was made in 2009 after Suarez's foundation raised ₱200 million. But in the following year, the project was later put on hold after Suarez moved to Cavite, where San Miguel Corporation offered him a 33-hectare land in the town of Alfonso where he could set up a bigger pilgrimage site. Cited as the one responsible for building a statue of the Virgin Mary at Montemaria, Mandanas continued the project. They established the Montemaria Asia Pilgrims Inc. (MAPI) to help him manage the project's development. The property where the statue would stand was later set for donation to MAPI but such plans were canceled and the land was donated to the Archdiocese of Lipa instead. At the time, the statue which had its face and hands already complete became known as the "Mary Mother of All Asia".
Construction work for the statue began in 2014 and was completed by 2021. It is planned to be inaugurated as part of the 500th anniversary of the introduction of Christianity in the Philippines but the COVID-19 pandemic has stalled such plans.
The Mother of All Asia's hands and face was designed by sculptor Eduardo Castrillo and is made of concrete and steel. With a height of 98.15 m (322.0 ft), the Marian statue surpassed the Virgin of Peace statue in Venezuela to become the tallest statue of the Virgin Mary in the world.
The monument has occupiable floors with a floor area of around 12,000 m (130,000 sq ft). A place of worship, the St. John Paul II Shrine, is hosted on the ground floor of the monument. Other facilities hosted in the monument are reception halls and 20 Marian chapels on the third floor, a food hall on the fourth floor, two mini theaters on the fifth floor, conference rooms as well as a balcony featuring flags of the countries of Asia on the sixth floor, and a view deck situated on the 15th floor. The seventh to 10th floors hosts commercial and residential spaces.
Independence Flagpole

The Independence Flagpole or the Philippine National Flagpole is a 45.72 m (150.0 ft) flagpole located near the Rizal Monument in Rizal Park in Manila, Philippines. It is the highest flagpole in the country.
The Independence Flagpole was the location where the Philippine flag was hoisted on July 4, 1946, when full independence was achieved from the United States. The flagpole was designed to be at 45.72 m (150.0 ft) high but was damaged by Typhoon Angela (Rosing) in 1995 reducing the flagpole's height to just 32 m (105 ft).
Plans to restore the flagpole's original height was proposed in 2011 by the National Parks Development Committee (NPDC) of the Department of Tourism. The renovation project is one of the government body's commemorative projects for the 150th anniversary of Jose Rizal's birth. The NPDC requested funds and assistance from the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) for the project which later underwent a public bidding that amounted to ₱7,865,425.30.
The flagpole's structural integrity was reinforced and a mechanized pulley in lieu of the manual pulley was installed along with a marble base. The renovation project was implemented by the DPWH's Manila South Engineering District while the project contractor was AKH Construction. The material used for the new flagpole is Q345 steel. The steel and two cranes of the flag pole were both imported from Hong Kong. The flagpole's construction took less than a month and was finished in September 2013. The newer flagpole was divided into three segments. The old flagpole was moved to the Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite.
The project details of the flagpole restoration went viral and was a subject of controversy due to its price which critics found overpriced. There were also concerns regarding the structural integrity of the newer flagpole. The DPWH defended the project emphasizing the flag's historical value and assured the public that a structural analysis has been conducted. They also emphasized that the renovation project planned as early as since 2011 went through a bidding process and justified the cost citing the improvements then to be made for the flagpole.
In February 2016, another renovation work was commenced. The marble based was demolished and new lighting were installed at the flagpole's base. The contractor was G.F. Fabian Construction and the cost of the project was ₱1.3 million.
Since October 2019 a monthly national flag raising ceremony has been held there every first Monday of the month, open to the public, echoing similar ceremonies in Beijing's Tiananmen Square and Santiago's Plaza de la Ciudadania.
The base of the Independence Flagpole contains the following markers:
Philippine–Japanese Friendship Tower

The Philippine–Japanese Friendship Tower is a monument in Bagac, Bataan, Philippines.
The site of the Friendship Tower in Bagac, Bataan is located about 200 meters (660 ft) from where the Bataan Death March of April 1942 took place which caused the deaths of 10,000 war prisoners. After World War II, Japan started rebuilding its relations with the Philippines which also saw Japanese nationals doing civic programs in Bataan in cooperation with the local government despite anti-Japanese sentiment in Bataan due to the war.
Risshō Kōsei Kai (RKK), a Japanese Buddhist religious group and locals who later established the Bataan Christian Youth Civic Circle were responsible for raising the monument. The monument was inaugurated on April 8, 1975 and is meant to commemorate the cordial Post-World War II Japan–Philippines relations. On the following day, a bell which was imported from Japan was ceremonially rang by then Bagac Mayor Atilano Ricardo and RKK youth head Rev. Kinjiro Niwano.
The Friendship Tower is a structure which consists of three pillars joined by rings. It has a height of 27 meters (89 ft). The structure also hosts a hanged peace.
List of indoor arenas in the Philippines

This is a list of indoor arenas in the Philippines.
Arenas that are included in this list are venues for basketball (PBA, PBA D-League, MPBL, PSL, NBL–Pilipinas, ABL, EASL), volleyball (PVL) and boxing. Collegiate sports (NCAA, UAAP, CESAFI) include basketball, volleyball, contact sports (judo and taekwondo), and cheerdance competitions. It also includes arenas used for entertainment events including concerts and musical performances, anniversary shows, and professional wrestling shows. Only arenas which has a capacity of 2,000 or more that has hosted at least one of the events previously mentioned are included in this list.
Quezon City Hall

The Quezon City Hall is a government building located along Elliptical Road. It houses the office of the Mayor of Quezon City, while the Quezon City Council is in the adjacent Legislative Wing.
The first location of the city hall was at the corner of Aurora Boulevard and Highway 54 (now EDSA), beside Cubao Elementary School. It was transferred within the grounds now occupied by the Ramon Magsaysay (Cubao) High School sometime in the 1950s during the administration of then Acting Mayor Ponciano Bernardo, an engineer appointed to the political post by then-President Manuel Roxas.
In the 1949 master plan for Quezon City, it was planned that the Quezon City Hall would be built at the site currently occupied by the East Avenue Medical Center. The present city hall was constructed from 1964 to 1972 and completed under the watch of then-Mayor Norberto Amoranto.
ገነተ ማርያም

ገነተ ማርያም ቤተ ክርስቲያን በዓፄ ይኩኖ አምላክ የታነጸ፣ እንደ ላሊበላ ውቅር አብያተ ክርስቲያናት ከወጥ ድንጋይ የተቀረጸ ነው። የሚገኘውም ከላሊበላ በሰሜን-ምሥራቅ አቅጣጫ፣ ፳፬ ኪሎ ሜትር ርቀት ላይ፣ በድሮው የወልዲያ- ላሊበላ መንገድ አጠገብ ነው።
ቤተ ክርስቲያኑ ፳፬ የውጭ እና ፬ የውስጥ አምዶች፣ ፳፬ መስኮቶች እና ፫ በሮች አሉት። በዚህ ቤተ ክርስቲያን የሚገኙት ስዕሎች በጥንታዊነታቸው ቀደምትነት ያላቸው ሲሆን በትክክልም ጊዜያቸው ይህ ነው ተብሎ ለመታወቅ ይመቻሉ።
አሸተን ማርያም

አሸተን ማርያም በአቡነ ዮሴፍ ተራራ ተራራ ሰንሰለት ከሚገኙት አራቱ የአለት ፍልፍል ቤተክርስቲያኖች አንዱ ነው። በአሸት ተራራ ላይ የሚገኘው ይህ ቤተክርስቲያን በዓፄ ላሊበላ ዘመን ስራው ተጀምሮ በዓፄ ነዓኩቶ ለዓብ ዘመን እንደተጠናቀቀ ይጠቀሳል። ከሌሎቹ የላሊበላ አብያተ ክርስቲያናት የ1 ሰዓት ጉዞ ርቀት ላይ ይገኛል።
ወደ ገዳሙ ለመግባት መጀመሪያ በተራራው ገጽታ ላይ የተቦረቦረውን በር ማለፍ ያስፈልጋል። ከውስጥ ከገቡ በኋላ፣ የገዳሙ ህንጻ ከቀሪው አለት ተለይቶ ለብቻው የተሰራ ነው።
የኢትዮጵያ አለት ፍልፍል አብያተ ክርስቲያናት

የኢትዮጵያ አለት ፍልፍል አብያተ ክርስቲያናት ከአለት ተፈልፈለው የተሰሩ፣ ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ የሚገኙ አብያተ ክርስቲያናትን ዝርዝር የሚያመላክት ነው። ከዚህ በታች የፈረንሳይ ተማሪዎች ዝርዝሩን እንዳዘጋጁት ቀርቧል።
Lalibela Airport

Lalibela Airport (IATA: LLI, ICAO: HALL) is a public airport serving Lalibela, a town in the Amhara Region of northern Ethiopia. The name of the town and airport may also be transliterated as Lalibella. The airport is located 23 km (14 miles) southwest of the town.
The Lalibela Airport lies at an elevation of 1,958 metres (6,424 ft) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 10/28, with an asphalt surface measuring 2,400 by 53 metres (7,874 ft × 174 ft).
The main runway was rebuilt in 1997, at a cost of 53 million birr.
On 14 March 1975, a Douglas C-47 ET-ABR of Ethiopian Airlines was destroyed on the ground during a clash with rebels.
St George's Church, Gravesend

St George's Church, Gravesend, is a Grade II*-listed Anglican church dedicated to Saint George the patriarch of England, which is situated near the foot of Gravesend High Street in the Borough of Gravesham. It serves as Gravesend's parish church and is located in the diocese of Rochester in Kent, England.
Pocahontas, Native American wife of English-born colonist John Rolfe, died in Gravesend on her way back to North America at age 20 or 21 and was buried under the chancel of this church on 21 March 1617. When the church was rebuilt in 1731, the exact spot was lost. William Ordway Partridge's bronze statue commemorates her.
After the Battle of Culloden in 1746, the many Jacobite Army POWs who died because of the inhumane conditions aboard the prison hulks anchored off Gravesend in the River Thames are believed to have been buried as "unknowns" in what was then the unconsecrated area of St. George's Cemetery. The most well known such burial is that of former non-combatant military chaplain and Roman Catholic Martyr Fr. Alexander Cameron, the younger brother of Donald Cameron of Lochiel.
Media related to St George's Church, Gravesend at Wikimedia Commons 51°26′39″N 0°22′07″E﻿ / ﻿51.44410°N 0.36850°E﻿ / 51.44410; 0.36850
Nicole Le Garrec

Nicole Le Garrec, ganet Nicole Marie Valentine Le Pape e 1942 e Plogastell-Sant-Jermen, zo ur sevenerez filmoù ha stourmerez. Labouret he deus a-hed he buhez gant he fried Félix Le Garrec. E 1970 he deus krouet an ti-produiñ UPCB ("Unité de Production Cinematographique en Bretagne") gant he fried ha René Vautier. E 1977 e voe krouet "Filmoù Breizh". E 1981 e teuas da wir Stal Rannvroel Sinema Breizh gant skoazell Ministrerezh ar sevenadur (Jack Lang a oa ministr neuze) evit stummañ filmaozourien yaouank.
Anvet eo bet marc'hegez Lejion a enor Frañs d'an 31 a viz Kerzu 2013. Resevet he deus, asambles gant he gwaz, Kolier an Erminig e Naoned e 2014.
Nicole Le Garrec a gemeras perzh e filmoù gant René Vautier :
- 1970 : Les ajoncs, aktourez
- 1972 : Avoir 20 ans dans les Aurès, skriptourez. Bet en deus ar film Priz af filmvarnourien etrebroadel e Cannes.
- 1975 : La folle de Toujane, kensevenerez
Sevel a reas asambles gant he fried Félix Le Garrec :
Félix Le Garrec

Félix Le Garrec zo ur skeudenner, sevener filmoù ha stourmer breizhat, ganet e 1930. Bet eo bet da gentañ skeudenner e Ploneour-Lanwern. Pried eo da Nicole Le Garrec-Le Pape.
Krouet en doa gant e wreg ha René Vautier Unvez produiñ sinema Breizh (Unité de Production cinématographique en Bretagne) e 1970.
E penn an ARC (Atelier Régional de Cinéma-Stal Rannvroel Sinema Breizh) e voe gant Nicole, e bried, e 1981. Pal ar stal a oa stummañ re yaouank war vicherioù ar sinema.
Resevet en deus Kolier an Erminig asambles gant e wreg e e Naoned e 2014.
Bet eo bet skeudenner-leurenn war ar filmoù-mañ sevenet gant René Vautier hag e wreg
Karget eo bet eus ar skeudeenn evit René Vautier er fimoù-mañ :
Sevenet en deus an diaporamaoù-mañ gant e wreg Nicole :
Hag an teul-fimoù-mañ :
Orano

Orano (Areva a-raok 2018) zo ur gompagnunezh c'hall a brodu tredan gant an energiezh nukleel aozet e kreizennoù nukleel gall (evel hini Flamanville e Normandi) hag a werzh an tredan-se. Labourat a ra an embregerezh dre ar bed a-bezh, dezha ur rouedad kenwerzh a c'holo 43 bro .
Goude Anne Lauvergeon, bet kuzulierez François Mitterrand, e voe lakaet Luc Oursel e penn an embregerezh d'ar 1añ a viz Gouere 2011.
Perc'hennet eo ar gompagnunezh gant tri c'horf:
C'hwec'h skourr he deus :
Klasket e vez uraniom gant AREVA e meur a vro war an douar, e Niger hag Aostralia dreist-holl. AREVA zo perc'henn da ziv vengleuz en Arlit, Niger, ha 1 600 den a labour eviti eno. Ar pempvet pourchaser uraniom er bed eo an Niger.
Mennad ar renerien eo klask liammañ Areva hag an natur glan ha gant an doujañs ouzh an natur e speredoù an dud. Bruderezh a ra Areva dre ar skinwel dreist-holl, o lakaat bagoù da redek e merdeadegoù a vez diskouezet er skinwel e-pad meur a sizhun, evel ar Vendée Globe pe an America Cup hag ar skipailh Areva Challenge, ur skipailh merdeerien o verdeiñ evit kont Areva.
Implijet e vez ar sportoù d'ober bruderezh evit AREVA: kleuboù mell-droad, atleterezh, bageerezh.. War bruchedoù rederien war-droad ivez e vez gwelet anv Areva.
Liammoù zo ivez gant ar Secours populaire.
Soilwork

Soilwork a zo ur strollad melodic death metal svedat eus Helsingborg. Dindan al label Nuclear Blast int er mare-mañ. Stummet eo bet ar strollad e 1995 gant Björn Strid ha Peter Wichers, didan an anv Inferior Breed. Cheñchet eo bet an anv e 1996 evit Soilwork.
O sonerezh a zo ur meskaj etre metal Gothenburg gant riffoù power-groove saoz eus fin ar bloavezhioù 1970, penn-kentañ ar bloavezhioù 1980, ha metal European. En o album nevez o deus lakaet elfennoù eus doareoù all evel ar blues rock hag an alternative metal, gant ur son melodekoc'h.
Helloween

Helloween a zo ur strollad heavy metal savet e1984 e Hamburg (Alamagn ar c'hornog) gant izili a zeue eus ar strolladoù Iron Fist, Gentry ha Second Hell. Er strollad e oa da gentañ-penn ar gitarour Kai Hansen, ar gitarour-boud Markus Grosskopf, ar gitarour Michael Weikath, hag an tabouliner Ingo Schwichtenberg. Pa oa aet Hansen kuit eus Helloween e 1989 e tegemerjont Michael Kiske evel penn-kanour. Schwichtenberg ha Kiske o devoa kuitaet ar strollad e 1993 ha c'hoarvezet e oa meur a cheñchamant betek ma ne chome nemet Grosskopf ha Weikath evel izili eus ar strollad orin. Hiziv ez eus 4 eus ar pemp ezel eus mare an albom "Keeper of the Seven Keys" (nemed Schwichtenberg), gant tri ezel ouzhpenn, ar c'haner Andi Deris (en devoa erlec'hiet Kiske e 1994), ar gitarour Sascha Gerstner hag an tabouliner Daniel Löble.
Abaoe an deroù, Helloween en deus embannet 16 albom, tri albom live, tri EP, ha 29 single, ha garedonet e oant bet 20 gwech (14 priz aour, 6 platinium) ha gwerzhet o deus dek milion a bladennoù er bed a-bezh Helloween zo gwelet evel "tadoù power metal", hag unan eus ar "big four" (pevar bras) e-touez ar strolladoù metal alaman gant Grave Digger, Rage ha Running Wild.
Kanomp uhel

Kanomp uhel, deuet da vezañ Kanomp uhel ! en adembannadurioù nevesañ, zo un dastumad kanaouennoù, brezhonek ha gallek, embannet gant Kendalc'h e 1957. Meur a embannadur zo bet goude, ha kemmoù zo bet enno. Skrivet eo an tonioù.
Kanomp uhel ! eo anv embannadur Coop Breizh.
Adembannet e voe al levr-se e 1996 (ISBN 978-2-909924-38-0)
Plogoff

Plogoff (French pronunciation: [plɔɡɔf]; Breton: Plougoñ) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France.
It contains three small ports suitable for small vessels: Pors-Loubous, Feunten-Aod and Bestrée. Local industries include tourism, traditional biscuits, agriculture and fishing.
Inhabitants of Plogoff are called in French Plogoffistes.
As for other cities like Guiscriff, Plélauff or the surnames Le Hénaff, Heussaff or Gourcuff, the digraph -ff was introduced by Middle Ages' authors to indicate a nasalized vowel.
The village centre is located 42 km (26 mi) west of Quimper. Historically, Plogoff belongs to Cornouaille.
In the early 1970s, the French state power company, EDF, decided to establish a nuclear power plant in Brittany. The first proposed site was in Erdeven, Morbihan, but objections arose. EDF then proposed Ploumoguer, Finistère, just north of Brest. Councilmen around Brest redirected their attention to Plogoff. Local residents then blocked access to the site in 1976, while protests resumed in 1978 and 1979.
In 1980, the national government and EDF attempted to fulfil their statutory obligations to display the required inquiry documents in the local mairie or city hall. Local officials burned the documents and refused to allow replacements to be displayed. In response, the national government set up mobile mairies annexes to display the documents in town centres. These mairies annexes became the focus of the protest movement.
For 45 days, the riot police (CRS), the military police (gendarmerie) and some parachutists (EPIGN) guarded the mairies annexes while coming under attack from the protesters.
Once the obligation to display the documents had been met, the protesters occupied the proposed site.
In 1981 François Mitterrand was elected President of France. Mitterrand carried out his campaign promise to cancel the project.
A documentary Plogoff, des pierres contre des fusils (Plogoff, stones against rifles) relating the struggle against the French security forces was later produced by Nicole and Félix Le Garrec.
Pointe du Van

The Pointe du Van (Breton: Beg ar Vann, French: Pointe du Van, 48°03′48″N 4°42′55″W﻿ / ﻿48.06333°N 4.71528°W﻿ / 48.06333; -4.71528) is a promontory that extends into the Atlantic from western Brittany, in France.
The local Breton name is Beg ar Vann. It is located in the commune of Plogoff, Finistère.
List of French films of 2024

This is a list of French films that are scheduled to release in 2024, including co-productions with other countries.
The highest-grossing French films released in 2024, by domestic box office, are as follows:
The highest-grossing French films released in 2024, by worldwide box office, are as follows:
The most expensive French films of 2024 are as follows:
Initially announced for a December 11th release, The Count of Monte Cristo, the most expensive French film of the year, was brought forward a little over five months to June 28th in late January. It was noted that the film would thus be able take advantage of the Fête du cinéma [fr] promotional event beginning two days later, but would also be competing for attention with the UEFA Euro 2024 tournament happening at the same time.
⌀ Denotes a film that was publicly screened prior to 2024, be it through film festivals, premieres or releases in other countries† Denotes a film released through a streaming service, not theatrically‡ Denotes a film primarily not in the French language
⌀ Denotes a film that was publicly screened prior to 2024, be it through film festivals, premieres or releases in other countries† Denotes a film released through a streaming service, not theatrically‡ Denotes a film primarily not in the French language
⌀ Denotes a film that was publicly screened prior to 2024, be it through film festivals, premieres or releases in other countries† Denotes a film released through a streaming service, not theatrically‡ Denotes a film primarily not in the French language
† Denotes a film released through a streaming service, not theatrically‡ Denotes a film primarily not in the French language
† Denotes a film released through a streaming service, not theatrically‡ Denotes a film primarily not in the French language
Brennilis Nuclear Power Plant

The Brennilis Nuclear Power Plant (EL-4) is a decommissioned site located in the Monts d'Arrée in the commune of Brennilis in Finistère, France.
The Commissariat à l'énergie atomique began construction of this experimental reactor moderated with heavy water and cooled with carbon dioxide (HWGCR) in 1962. The reactor had a planned output power of 70 MWe. The plant achieved criticality in December, 1966.
In 1971, however, the French government elected to use pressurized water reactor technology developed in the United States as their model design.
On August 15, 1975, two explosions slightly damaged a turbine and destroyed a telephone circuit. The Liberation Front of Brittany claimed responsibility. In 1979 the group destroyed electrical lines going from the plant to the grid, and with there being no grid to supply power to, the plant shut down. This was the only time in history that a terrorist group successfully stopped operation of a nuclear power plant.
In 1985 the reactor was shut down permanently. The cost of decommissioning is estimated to be 482 million euros, much greater than initial estimates.
This nuclear plant marks the first decommissioning of a complete nuclear power station in France. EDF and CEA announced their intention to make this a transparent process so that it can be used as a model for future decommissioning operations at other plants.
The process is divided into 3 stages.
This stage began in 1985, and is similar to a refueling outage; the fuel is moved to the spent fuel pool, but new fuel is not loaded, and the fuel on site is eventually transported elsewhere. It consists of:
In 1995, a public inquiry was held. In 1996, it was decided that a feasibility study for the "greening" of the site would be submitted by the end of 1999. Stage 2 began in 1997, consisting of:
On December 13, 2000, a rise in the ground water level caused a flood in the chemical processing building. In January 2001, a fire broke out in the joint inner building. In 2005, stage 2 was officially complete.
Stage 3 consists mostly of containing the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) and is underway. The full decommission is planned to be finally totally complete in year 2040.