davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Persona desaparecida

Se llama persona desaparecida a aquélla cuya localización se desconoce por alguna razón. Generalmente se relaciona con guerras, catástrofes, desplazamientos de refugiados, pero también se incluyen las personas que se han perdido, menores huidos o posibles víctimas de secuestros, casos de los que se ocupa la policía.​ En particular, se recoge en el término a las decenas de miles de víctimas de una desaparición forzada que se estima hay en la actualidad,​ lo que se conoce en América Latina como detenidos desaparecidos. Se trata de un problema social considerable, con diferente calado según los países. En Colombia, por ejemplo, se consideraba que en 2009 había aproximadamente 29.000 personas desaparecidas.​
A veces, se distingue entre persona perdida y persona desaparecida. Así, se asocia la desaparición a la desaparición forzada, que tiene un marco legal más concreto, y se incluyen dentro de las personas perdidas, por ejemplo, a los soldados «perdidos en combate», de los que no se sabe si están muertos o han sido capturados por el enemigo,​ así como a aquellas personas perdidas en un paraje natural o atrapadas por escombros, en cuya localización generalmente participan equipos con perros de búsqueda y rescate.​
Existen organizaciones oficiales dedicadas a la localización de personas perdidas o desaparecidas, como el Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja en el caso de individuos desaparecidos en el transcurso de una guerra,​ o asociaciones particulares, como la de las Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo, destinada a la búsqueda de los niños que fueron objeto de desapariciones forzadas durante la última dictadura militar (1976-1983) en Argentina.
Hay multitud de sitios web dedicados a la localización de personas desaparecidas o a completar historias familiares o árboles genealógicos. En España, esta idea se hizo popular por el programa de televisión Quién sabe dónde, en los años 1990. El uso de Internet favoreció que se pusieran en marcha una multitud de sitios web especializados en la búsqueda de personas, y en particular de familiares perdidos. Algunos funcionan como servicio con ánimo de lucro, como Ancestry.com.​ El Movimiento Internacional de la Cruz Roja y de la Media Luna Roja ha puesto igualmente en servicio un sitio web que permite acceder a sus servicios de Restablecimiento del Contacto entre Familiares en todo el mundo (familylinks.icrc.org/es).​ Otros son puntos de encuentro entre particulares; las comunidades virtuales y los servicios de red social, aunque no estén especializados, también se usan con este fin.​ ​
En enero del 2023, en México, la Cámara de Diputados aprobó una reforma al artículo 17 de la Constitución de ese país para incluir el derecho de toda persona a ser buscada y la obligación del Estado a que la búsqueda se lleve a cabo con la presunción de vida. En esta reforma, también se estipula que el Estado proteja a las personas contra las desapariciones y que preserve su personalidad; que la búsqueda se realice aun cuando haya una investigación ministerial por un delito; si se localizan sin vida, que se identifiquen sus restos y que se entreguen de forma digna a sus familiares.​
FAMAE

FAMAE (Fábricas y Maestranzas del Ejército, "Factories and Workshops of the Army") is a Chilean state-owned firearms manufacturer. Its products are used by the Chilean armed forces and the Carabineros police force. The company produces the FAMAE CT-30 carbine, the FAMAE SAF submachine gun, the FAMAE FD-200 sniper rifle, the SLM MLRS, and the FAMAE revolver, among other types of weaponry.
FAMAE began on October 8, 1811, when Francisco Ramon Vicuña was mandated to commission an arms factory.
The name has changed a number of times over the years:
- In 1817, the factory was renamed the Arsenal de Artillería.
- In 1822, the factory was renamed the Fábrica de Armas de la Nación.
- In 1923, the factory was renamed the Fábricas y Maestranzas del Ejército.
- In 1930, the factory was renamed the Fábricas y Maestranzas del Ejército de Chile.
- In 1953, the factory was renamed the Fábricas y Maestranzas del Ejército de Chile FAMAE.
In the 1960s, FAMAE began to export its products to other countries. The company's products are now used by the armed forces of over 20 countries.
In recent years, FAMAE has focused on research and development. Among its projects are the licensed versions of the Swiss-designed SIG SG 510-4 rifle, and SIG SG 542 rifle; FAMAE SAF submachine gun (also known as "Famas"), and Rayo MLRS and its related development the SLM MLRS. FAMAE is responsible for modifying and maintaining the tanks, aircraft and other military devices that are used by the Chilean Army.
FAMAE specializes in research projects and weapon system modernization.
The development of defense engineering projects also includes the SETAC Simulation System "Training System for Tactical Commanders", which consists of a computerized tactical training simulator that is in use in major Latin American armies.
Prussianism

Prussianism comprises the practices and doctrines of the Prussians, specifically the militarism and the severe discipline traditionally associated with the Prussian ruling class.
Prussianism had its origins with the rise to the throne of Frederick William I in 1713, who laid the foundations for a professional and stable army; a legacy that was continued by his son Frederick II the Great, who formed an organized and effective army, and later by the latter's nephew Frederick William II.
Prussianism was based on the conservative militaristic caste of the Prussian Junkers, having as a fundamental basis a vertical, centralized, paternalistic and iron discipline. Its ideological underpinning consisted of a combination of the markedly aristocratic, warmongering, and expansionist nationalist ideology, traditionalism, conservatism, and militarism of the time. It was this philosophy that largely influenced the attitude of Prussia and later Germany in historical processes such as the Napoleonic Wars, the unification of Germany and the First World War.
Sociologically, in addition, Prussianism was expressed in the so-called "Prussian virtues", influencing various relevant aspects of German culture.
Among the most important theorists and exponents of Prussianism are Karl von Clausewitz, Otto von Bismarck, and Oswald Spengler.
Prussianism also had an influence in South America, during the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s, especially in the military circles of Chile, Argentina, Colombia, and Bolivia. In Chile, relations with Prussia date back to the end of the 19th century when a German mission, under the command of Emil Körner, began the process of modernization and professionalization of the Chilean Army. These contacts were maintained and intensified during the first half of the 20th century, during which there was a process of "Prussianization" of Chile's military officers, NCOs and soldiers, even influencing the other armed forces branches, the Chilean Navy and Chilean Air Force, this can be seen during the Great Military Parade of Chile. In Argentina and Bolivia the Prussian model was also used as the basis for military professionalization in those years.
Who Are You People

Who Are You People is a 2023 American mystery drama film written and directed by Ben Epstein and starring Ema Horvath, Devon Sawa, Yeardley Smith, John Ales and Alyssa Milano.
In November 2022, it was announced that Gravitas Ventures acquired North American distribution rights to the film, which was originally going to be released on February 17, 2023.
The film was released in theaters on February 24, 2023. It was also released digitally on February 24, 2023.
Alan Ng of Film Threat rated the film an 8.5 out of 10 saying that "Epstein’s plot is compelling, and his character development is brilliant". In her review on Common Sense Media, Sandie Angulo Chen rated it 3/5 saying "this isn't a typical teen drama centering on an unrequited or blossoming romance".
Investigations Police of Chile

Investigations Police of Chile (Spanish: Policía de Investigaciones de Chile, PDI) are the civilian police of Chile. Founded in 1933, it is one of two Chilean police bodies, along with the law enforcement police: Carabineros de Chile. The PDI is the principal law enforcement arm of the Public Prosecutor's Office of Chile in criminal investigation.
The first reference to police work in Chile is in the Police Regulation of 1803, where the terms "high police" and "public security" are used. Then, in 1830, the Vigilantes and Serenos Corps of Santiago were created, whose work was followed throughout the country. In 1852 the Brigada de Policía was created in Santiago, where the Vigilantes and Serenos Corps were merged.
In the 1870s, the mayor of the city of Santiago, Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna proposed modelling the Brigada de Policía on the Agent de la Sûrete in Paris, France, which was based on the administrative structure of the police force. Ranks of Inspector, Comisario, and Prefecto (based on the French ranks of Inspecteur, Commissaire, and Préfet) were implemented, and that are still used today.
The modern Investigations Police was established in 1933 as a separate organization of civil police, independent from the control of the militarized Carabineros de Chile.
In March 2011, fence and arms dealer Italo Nolli shot and killed PDI detectives Marcelo Morales and Kiram Gallardo, the latter of which thus became the first female PDI member killed in the line of duty.
The Investigative Police divides its investigation areas according to the crime investigated, counting with it several specialized units of police investigation, which have Detectives specialists, experts and experts in the respective areas.
(Jefatura Nacional de delitos contra los Derechos Humanos y las Personas, JENADEP)
(Jefatura Nacional de Extranjería y Policía Internacional, JENAEX)
(Jefatura Nacional contra Robos y Focos Criminales, JENACROF)
(Jefatura Nacional de delitos contra la Familia, JENAFAM)
(Jefatura Nacional de Inteligencia Policial, JENAIPOL)
(Jefatura Nacional de Delitos Económicos y Medioambiente, JENADEM)
(Jefatura Nacional Antinarcóticos y contra el Crimen Organizado, JENANCO)
(Jefatura Nacional de Criminalística, JENACRIM)
SMA Negeri 1 Lubuk Alung

SMA Negeri 1 Lubuk Alung marupoan salah satu Sikolah Manangah Ateh Negeri nan ado di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, Provinsi Sumatra Barat. Sikolah iko dulu parnah manyandang status sabagai rintisan sikolah bataraf internasional (RSBI). Samo jo SMA pado umumnyo di Indonesia, maso pandidikan sikolah di SMAN 1 Lubuk Alung ditampuah dalam wakatu tigo tahun pambalajaran (untuak kelas X, XI, dan XII).
SMA Negeri 1 Lubuk Alung didirian pado tahun 1979 . Diresmikan dek Gubenur Kapalo Daerah TK I Provinsi Sumatra Barat Azwar Anas pado tanggal 6 Maret 1980. Sabagai SMA Standar SMA Lubuk Alung mambukak program IPA, IPS dan Bahasa. Karano keberhasilan dalam malaksanokan program pandidikan jo maasilkan siswa nan baprestasi SMA Lubuk Alung dipicayo manarapkan program piloting KBK pado tahun ajaran 2002/2003, 2003/2004. Pado tahun 2006/2007, 200/2008 SMA Lubuk Alung dipicayo malaksanokan program SSN. SMA Lubuk Alung dinyatokan manjadi RSMABI pado tanggal 11 Juni 2009 jo panyarahan SK RSMABI pado tanggal 30 Juli 2009 di Aula SMAN Lubuk Alung dek Direktorat Pembinaan SMA, Direktorat Pandidikan Dasar dan Manangah (Dirjen Dikdasmen) kapado Kapalo Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, dan sataruihnyo disarahkan kapado kapalo SMA Lubuk Alung
SMAN 1 Lubuk Alung banyak mamiliki ekstrakurikuler, diantaronyo:
SMA Negeri 4 Padang

SMA Negeri 4 Padang adolah sikolah manangah ateh negeri nan talatak di Kelurahan Lubuk Begalung Nan XX, Kecamatan Lubuk Begalung, Kota Padang. Sikolah iko baalamaik di Jalan Linggarjati Nomor 1, nan marupokan ujuang dari Jalan Dalam Gaduang nan dimulai dari Simpang Tugu Lubuk Begalung. Basamo SMA Negeri 1 Padang, SMA Negeri 2 Padang, SMA Negeri 3 Padang, SMA Negeri 7 Padang, SMA Negeri 10 Padang, SMA Semen Padang, dan SMA Don Bosco Padang, sikolah iko dicanangkan sabagai sikolah pacontohan (piloting) nan manggunokan Kurikulum 2013 untuak Kota Padang.
Sajak limo tahun tarakhia iko, sikolah iko mangalami paningkaikan prestasi. Pado tahun ajaran 2013/2014, SMA Negeri 4 Padang bahasil maraih paringkek ka-2 nilai akhia ujian nasional tingkek SMA sa-Sumatra Barat. Salamo tigo tahun baturuik-turuik (2011-2013), SMA Negeri 4 Padang mangirimkan siswanyo sabagai Paskibraka tingkek nasional. Pado tahun 2015, sikolah iko maluluihkan 175 siswa SMA Negeri 4 Padang malalui jalur SNMPTN 2015. Hasil kaluluihan SNMPTN ditahun 2015 marupokan nan tatinggi di Sumatra Barat. Bagitu pulo luluihan 2016 dan 2017 nan diserap paguruan tinggi mancapai 97%. Prestasi di bidang akademik dan non akademik dalam kurun wakatu 2014 sampai jo 2017 mangalami kanaikan nan cukuik signifikan jo diterapkannyo "tradisi Senin berprestasi". Tradisi Senin Berprestasi adolah program tahunan nan diguliakan dek Kapalo Sikolah Abinul Hakim, S.Pd., M.Si., di mano satiok hari Senin katiko upacara ado panyarahan piala, medali, atau sertifikat juara nan diraih siswa dalam babagai macam ajang lomba tingkek kota, provinsi, nasional, maupun Internasional. Tradisi Senin Baprestasi mampunyoi motto Go! Fight! Win!
2016 in Indonesia

Mohamad, Ardyan (2016-03-31). "Filipina tolak TNI ikut bebaskan WNI disandera Abu Sayyaf". merdeka.com. Retrieved 2023-05-25.
2016 (MMXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2016th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 16th year of the 3rd millennium and the 21st century, and the 7th year of the 2010s decade.
Several events with high level media coverage occurred during the year, including the first ISIS-related terror attack in Southeast Asia in Indonesian capital Jakarta on January. The murder of Mirna Salihin was dubbed as the nation's "trial of the century" as public viewership of the trial reached a record high. Mass protests in the middle and late on the year, which erupted after controversial remarks from incumbent Governor of Jakarta Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, were both noted by observers as a prelude of the rising religious intolerance in Indonesia.
Video of the 2016 Jakarta Attacks
May 2016 was remembered in Indonesia as a month of rape cases, revealing a massive moral crises in Indonesia, as rapes were reported nearly every day.
Moment of the Sangihe Disaster
Video of Kelapa Gading fire
Drunk pilot's announcement aboard a Citlink flight
Sintuwu Maroso Square

1°23′39″S 120°45′18″E﻿ / ﻿1.39417°S 120.75500°E﻿ / -1.39417; 120.75500
Sintuwu Maroso Square (Indonesian: Alun-alun Sintuwu Maroso), is a town square located opposite the Regent's office complex, Kantor Bupati, in Poso, Indonesia. The square has been used for festivals such as the Indonesian Independence Day parade. The 300-meter four-cornered Sintuwu Maroso Square is bounded by Kantor Bupati, Parliament's office, Dharma Wanita building, and the infamous Poso's two lanes, which is often used as a street circuit for a motor racing national championship.
On June 27, 2014, members of the Democratic Party in Poso held their campaign to support the presidential candidate Joko Widodo and his running mate, Jusuf Kalla; despite the Democratic Party in Jakarta deciding to be a neutral party in the election.
Ardchros Naomh Marcas

Ardchros agus Séadchomhartha Náisiúnta is ea Ardchros Naomh Marcas atá suite i mBaile Coimín, Co. Chill Mhantáin, Éire.
Tá Crois Mharcais suite faoi láthair ag balla theas reilig Bhurgáiste, Baile Coimín, 600 m siar ón Life.
Cuireadh Crois Mharcais in airde sa 12ú haois in aice le séipéal agus tobar beannaithe i mBurgáiste Mór. Sa 19ú haois, tugadh Crois Naomh Baoithín air freisin. Cuireadh an suíomh faoi uisce le linn cruthú Taiscumar Pholl an Phúca, agus bogadh an chros go Reilig Bhurgáiste.
Tá an chros déanta as eibhear gormliath agus seasann sí 4.3 m (14 tr) in airde. Tá fáinne gan poll ag an gcros, murab ionann agus formhór cros Ceilteacha, agus lámha neamhghnách ina fhad. Tá bocóid mhaisiúil i lár an dá aghaidh. Ar bhonn na croise tá inscríbhinn síonchaite.
Tuama Pasáiste Shuí Finn

Is tuama pasáiste folamh agus Séadchomhartha Náisiúnta é Tuama Pasáiste Shuí Finn atá suite ar bharr Chnoc Shuí Finn, Contae Chill Mhantáin, Éire.
Tá Tuama Pasáiste Shuí Finn suite ar bharr Chnoc Shuí Finn i Sléibhte Chill Mhantáin, díreach ó dheas de Champa Airm Chill Bhríde. Tá cairn ar bharr na sléibhte in aice láimhe ag Sliabh Shuí Fhionnagáin agus An Suíochán.
Tógadh an tuama timpeall 3300 R.Ch., le linn na ré Neoiliteacha. Rinne RA Stewart Macalister é a thochailt i 1931, ach ní bhfuarthas aon déantáin ná iarsmaí daonna, rud a thugann le tuiscint nár cuireadh aon duine ann riamh, nó gur baineadh na hiarsmaí níos déanaí.
Is carn é an tuama, 24 m (79 tr) ar trastomhas agus 3 m (9.8 tr) ard. Tá colbhaí móra timpeall bun an tuama agus tá pasáiste 7 m (23 tr) ar fhad ag an tuama, a osclaíonn isteach i seomra ina bhfuil cúig urrann. Tá roinnt maisiúchán snoite i gcruth muileata, línte snoite agus grianchloch.
Uí Eineachghlais

Rítheaghlach in Éirinn sa 5ú haois ba ea Uí Eineachghlais (Meán-Ghaeilge Uí Enechglaiss), a sholáthraigh roinnt luathríthe na Laigean.
Bhí Uí Eineachghlais bunaithe ar dtús ar mhánna Chill Dara that timpeall an Náis, ach cuireadh an ruaig orthu soir thar Shléibhte Chill Mhantáin sa céad leath den 6ú haois, de bharr ionraí agus concas Uí Néill. D'éirigh siad ina ndream neamhthábhachtach ó thaobh na polaitíochta de, suite idir an Dál Messin Corb agus Uí Dega, ar chósta Chill Mhantáin thart timpeall An Inbhir Mhóir. San 11ú haois, thug a dtaoisigh orthu féin an sloinne Ó Fiachraí
Creideann Devane: go raibh:
Deir sé fosta, faoi réir na bhfoinsí:
Rí na Laigean ba ea Mac Cairthinn mac Coelboth, agus ar duine desna ríthe stairiúla is luaite a ndearnadh tagairt air. Maraíodh é i gCath Fremen sa bhliain 446.
File de bhunadh Guaire ba ea Dubhthach moccu Lughair (cé go raibh sé ar marthain seasca bliain roimh theacht Uí Eineachghlais sa cheantar).
Is iad a leanas roinnt clann Ui Eineachghlais:
Teimpléad:Laigin
Seán Ó hEinirí

Ba sheanchaí mór le rá é Seán Ó hEinirí (nó Seán Ó hInnéirghe, 26 Márta 1915 - 26 Iúil 1998). John Henry a thugtaí air i mBéarla. Ba sheanchaí é, agus Cill Ghallagáin (in Iorras in iarthuaisceart Chontae Mhaigh Eo) a áit dhúchais.
Rugadh Ó hEinirí i gCill Ghallagáin i gContae Mhaigh Eo, agus b'iad Mícheál Ó hEinirí agus Máire (Connolly) a thuistí nó Bríd Mhór Ní Choineóil (Conole) (de réir ainm.ie). Scéalaí iomráiteach ba ea a mháthair agus feirmeoir ba ea a athair.
Bhí sé mar aidhm aige agus é ina bhuachaill óg an méid seanscéalta agus finscéalta agus a d'fhéadfadh sé a bhailiú. Iascaire a bhí ann a bhain úsáid as curach. Bhí sé ina rámhaí oilte.
Níos déanaí, aithníodh mar sheanchaí cumasach é, ach ní ghlacadh sé páirt san Oireachtas ná in aon chomórtas scéalaíochta. Bhailigh Proinnsias de Búrca ábhar uaidh do Choimisiún Béaloideasa Éireann (1935 - 1971). Ina dhiaidh sin, thaifead an Dochtúir Séamas Ó Catháin ó Roinn Béaloideas Éireann (COBÁC) ábhar uaidh ón mbliain 1975 ar feadh níos mó ná deich samhradh.
Foilsíodh cuid mhór den saothar seo i "Scéalta Chois Cladaigh" i 1983 ag Comhairle Bhéaloideas Éireann. Chuir Ó hEinirí líon mór focail chomh maith le nathanna cainte ar fáil don fhoclóir Tomás de Bhaldraithe, a bhí á n-ionchorprú san Fhoclóir Béarla-Gaeilge a foilsíodh i 1959. Ina theannta sin, thug sé os cionn 800 logainm do Phatrick O'Flanagan ón gCoimisiún Béaloideas don leabhar The Living Landscapes, Kilgalligan, Erris i 1974.
Rinneadh taifead físe ar Ó hEinirí don chlár faisnéise de chuid BBC In Search of the Trojan War ar shraith 6 chlár í a craoladh sa bhliain 1985. De réir na faisnéise, bhí sé neamhliteartha. Bhí sé le clos ar thuairisc Morning Ireland a craoladh ar an 25 Iúil an bhliain sin fosta.
I 1986, bhí Ó hEinirí le feiceáil in eipeasóid den tsraith The Story of English a bhuaigh Emmy, a craoladh ar an BBC. D'fhan sé i gCill Ghallagáin, áit ar tugadh seanfhonduaire air.
D'éag sé ar an 26 Iúil 1998. D'éag a bhean, Máire, i 2001. Tá sé curtha i Reilig Chill Ghallagáin.
Rinne Whitney Stokes meastachán go raibh thart ar 800,000 cainteoir Gaeilge aonteangach sa bhliain 1800. Tháinig laghdú ar an uimhir seo go thart ar 320,000 ag deireadh an Ghórta Mhóir, agus go raibh níos lú ná 17,000 sa bhliain 1911. Mhair cainteoirí aonteangacha sna 1950idí, ach tháinig laghdú ar líon na gcainteoirí aonteangacha sna blianta idir 1980 agus 1990. Ní raibh an Béarla ar a thoil aige agus ba chainteoir aonteangach Gaeilge é Séan.
Portach

Is éard is portach ann ná talamh bogaigh ina gcarnann go leor fásra marbh — súsán go minic — mar mhóin. Tugtar caorán, criathrach, nó móinteán ar phortach freisin. Tá sé ar cheann de na ceithre chineál bogaigh atá ann (is iad eanach, riasc, muskeg agus seascann na cinn eile). Is minic a bhíonn siad faoi chlúdach fraoigh atá fréamhaithe sa súsán agus sa móin. Feidhmíonn an t-ábhar planda lofa i bportaigh mar linn charbóin thábhachtach.
Cruthaítear portaigh nuair a bhíonn an t-uisce ar dhromchla na talún aigéadach agus ar bheagán cothaitheach. Go hiondúil, faightear portach ar thalamh bog fionnuisce a bhfuil ábhar planda lofa air (ar a dtugtar móin), agus in aeráidí tuaisceartacha níos fuaire. I gcodarsnacht le heanaigh, faigheann siad an chuid is mó dá gcuid uisce ó fhrasaíocht seachas ó screamhuisce nó ó uisce dromchla atá lán de mhianraí.
Tá dath donn sainiúil ag uisce a shreabhann as portach, dath a thagann ó thainniní móna tuaslagtha. Go ginearálta, fásann plandaí i bportach sách mall mar thoradh ar an aeráid fhionnuar, ach tá an lobhadh fiú níos moille mar gheall ar leibhéil ísle ocsaigine in ithreacha sáithithe an phortaigh. Mar sin, carnann móin thar am, agus is féidir le limistéir mhóra a bheith faoi chlúdach domhain móna, roinnt méadar ar doimhneacht.
Faightear éagsúlacht shainiúil speiceas i bportaigh, idir ainmhithe, fungais, agus plandaí, agus tá tábhacht ar leith ag baint leo ó thaobh na bithéagsúlachta de, go háirithe i gceantair áitrithe ina ndéantar feirmeoireacht.
Ritheadh An tAcht um Fhiadhúlra (Leasú), 2023 agus an Plean Gníomhaíochta Náisiúnta na hÉireann um Bithéagsúlacht, 2023 don tréimhse 2023-2030. Tá ar gach údarás áitiúil in Éirinn plean bithéagsúlachta dá gcuid féin a chur i dtoll a chéile, a nuashonrú agus a chur i ngníomh. Cuireadh acmhainn bhreise ar fáil don tSeirbhís Páirceanna Náisiúnta agus Fiadhúlra, de réir an phlean, le dul i ngleic le daoine agus le heagraíochtaí a sháraíonn an dlí.
Sna 2020idí, cuireadh stop le baint na móna ar chuid na bportach in Éirinn. Bhí 53 portach ainmhithe mar cheantair speisialta caomhnaithe agus dá réir d'éirigh sé i gcoinne an dlí móin a bhaint ann. Bhí portach i bPort Umna ar cheann do na portaigh is mó a raibh achrann i gceist níos déanaí. In 2025, bhí easaontas idir úinéirí talún ar phortach i ndeisceart Chontae na Gaillimhe agus an tSeirbhís Páirceanna Náisiúnta agus Fiadhúlra maidir leis an bportach a athfhliuchadh.
Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh

Is éard atá i gceist le Dlí Athchóirithe Nádúir an Aontais Eorpaigh (Béarla: EU Nature Restoration Law) ná athchóiriú a dhéanamh ar thalamh ar bhealach nádúrtha. Thug Parlaimint na hEorpa a beannacht don Dlí ar 27 Feabhra 2024. Ghlac Airí Comhshaoil an AE leis freisin i mí an Mhárta 2024).
Ghlac Parlaimint na hEorpa in 2024 le dlí suaitheanta an AE chun athchóiriú a dhéanamh ar an dúlra, ag cloí le cuid den phlean a bhí ann cosaint a dhéanamh ar an timpeallacht i ndiaidh agóidíocht na bhfeirmeoirí.
Sa chéad dul síos, caithfidh tíortha an Aontais Eorpaigh (AE) plean a leagan amach faoin gcaoi a ndéanfar athchóiriú ar 20% de thalamh agus réimsí farraige an AE faoin mbliain 2030. Caithfidh siad na pleananna a leagan amach roimh 2027.
Tá an sprioc ann go mbeidh na héiceachórais ar fad curtha san áireamh faoi 2050. Tá spriocanna áirithe aeráide leagtha síos sa dlí nua.
Is beag fáilte atá á chur ag feirmeoirí roimh an dlí. Creideann roinnt feirmeoirí go mbeidh a slí bheatha siar leis. Ach dúirt an Feisire Eorpach, Sean Kelly go bhfuil geallúint faighte aige ó Choimisinéir Talmhaíochta an AE nach mbeidh aon iallach ar fheirmeoirí géilleadh don dlí seo, agus go mbeadh cúiteamh ann do pé feirmeoir a bheadh sásta a bheith páirteach sa scéim.
Caitheadh i dtraipisí i mí Mhárta 2024 reachtaíocht Eorpach a bhí nach mór aontaithe a chinnteodh go mbeadh an nádúr i réim arís in 20 faoin gcéad d’achar talún agus mhara an Aontais Eorpaigh; baineadh an reachtaíocht sin den chlár plé nuair ba léir nach mbeadh móramh ann di sa Chomhairle Eorpach.
Ritheadh An tAcht um Fhiadhúlra (Leasú), 2023 agus an Plean Gníomhaíochta Náisiúnta na hÉireann um Bithéagsúlacht, 2023 don tréimhse 2023-2030. Tá ar gach údarás áitiúil in Éirinn plean bithéagsúlachta dá gcuid féin a chur i dtoll a chéile, a nuashonrú agus a chur i ngníomh. Cuireadh acmhainn bhreise ar fáil don tSeirbhís Páirceanna Náisiúnta agus Fiadhúlra, de réir an phlean, le dul i ngleic le daoine agus le heagraíochtaí a sháraíonn an dlí.
Ashford, County Wicklow

Ashford (Irish: Áth na Fuinseoige), historically known as Ballymacahara (Irish: Baile Mhic Aodha Charraigh), is a village in County Wicklow, Ireland. It lies on the River Vartry and at the meeting of the R772, R763 and R764 regional roads. The village was formerly on the main Dublin–Wexford route, the N11, but was bypassed by the new N11 in 2004 (later part of the M11 motorway). As of the 2022 census, the village had a population of 1,892 people.
Ashford is about 3 km (1.9 mi) north of Rathnew, which is on the outskirts of the county town of Wicklow.
The Mount Usher Gardens and Arboretum are located at the end of the village nearer Wicklow Town. The gardens were previously owned and operated by Madelaine Jay and the Jay family, but recently the gardens and shopping courtyard were leased to the Avoca Handweavers company, which originated in Avoca, County Wicklow, and which was owned and operated by the Pratt family for many generations, but sold to U.S. multinational corporation Aramark in 2015.
There are a number of shops in the village centre, as well as a small shopping yard at Mount Usher Gardens, with both locations also featuring eating places. A community playground, Ashford Community Park, was opened in 2014, with 200,000 euro in County Council and Leader Programme funding. Opened by the donor of the 30-year lease, Brian Stokes, and playground committee chairperson Maurice Ramsay, the facility was built over two years and includes a full children's playground, teen zone, zip line, quiet zone and adult outdoor gym equipment.
Ashford is served by Bus Éireann route 133, linking it with Wicklow and Dublin. This route now operates to and from Dublin Airport. Since 2012, routes 002 and 006 linking the village with Rosslare Harbour and Waterford no longer serve the village, with route 006 terminated from the network altogether.
Burney Falls

Burney Falls is a waterfall on Burney Creek, within McArthur-Burney Falls Memorial State Park, in Shasta County, California.
The water comes from underground springs above and at the falls, which are 129 feet (39 m) high, and provides an almost constant flow rate of 379,000,000 liters (83,000,000 imp gal; 100,000,000 U.S. gal) per day, even during the dry summer months. Burney Creek is a tributary of the Pit River which has its mouth on the Lake Britton reservoir to the north.
The falls are an example of river drainage regulated by stratigraphically-controlled springs, and of a waterfall formed by undercutting of horizontal strata.
Called "the Eighth Wonder of the World" by President Theodore Roosevelt, the falls are "at their most intense ... during the spring, from early April through October, when snowmelt is at its peak". The falls were declared a National Natural Landmark in December 1954. In March 2021, a National Geographic article declared the site to be one of "northern California's most spectacular waterfalls".
The water temperature rarely gets higher than 42 °F (6 °C) but the pool below the falls is a popular location for catch-and-release fly-fishing. The Redding tourism website states that the falls "can be enjoyed from above at lookout point", and preferably, from the pool at base of the falls, accessed via a trail.
Some of the waterfalls scenes for Willow (1988) were shot at the falls, although Powerscourt Waterfall in Ireland was also used for filming. Other movies with scenes filmed at Burney Falls include Stand by Me (1986), The Parson and the Outlaw (1957) and Tarzan's Fight for Life (1958).
Glenmacnass Waterfall

Glenmacnass Waterfall (Irish: Gleann Log an Easa, meaning 'The glen of the hollow of the waterfall') is an 80-metre high waterfall situated at the head of the Glenmacnass Valley in the Wicklow Mountains in Ireland. The Glenmacnass Waterfall is a popular tourist destination and scenic viewpoint area in the Wicklow Mountains. The Waterfall is bounded to the west by Tonelagee, and to the east by Scarr mountain. The entire Glenmacnass Valley can be accessed by the R115 road (also called the Military Road), which connects the Sally Gap in the north, to the village of Laragh in the south.
The Glenmacnass River begins high up on the southeast slopes of Mullaghcleevaun 849 metres (2,785 ft), with smaller tributaries flowing in from the eastern slopes of Tonelagee 817 metres (2,680 ft); the river then reaches the top of the waterfall at an elevation of 350 metres (1,150 ft) above sea-level, where it falls 80 metres (260 ft) down the waterfall in 3 staggered drops to an elevation of 270 metres (890 ft) above sea-level, where it reaches the Glenmacnass Valley floor.
The river continues through the U-shaped valley until it joins the Avonmore River (Irish: Abhainn Mór, meaning 'big river') at the village of Laragh. It is later joined by the Avonbeg (Irish: Abhainn Beag, meaning 'small river') to become the Avoca and eventually flows into the Irish Sea at the coastal town called Arklow.
Geological Survey of Ireland (GSI) regard the valley as a "stunning example of a glaciated U-shaped valley, with oversteepened cliff sides and a flat floor". The valley dates from the last glacial period called the quaternary glaciation or Ice Age, and contains moraines marking the positions of the ice-front as it retreated back towards the source area higher up in the centre of the Wicklow mountains. The GSI highlight an impressive moraine about halfway between the waterfall and Laragh and can be seen as a boulder-strewn mound running right across the valley.
Glenmacnass Waterfall flows over grey-colored, smooth porphyritic granite bedrock (part of the Lugnaquilla pluton, which is itself from the late-Caledonian (405 Ma) Leinster Granite Batholith Formation). Further down the valley, on each side of the waterfall, dark grey-to-black, jagged schist rock (part of the Lower Palaeozoic Maulin Formation) can be seen jutting out; thus the waterfall has formed at the boundary between these two major rock types.
The Glenmacnass Waterfall is a popular tourist destination and scenic viewpoint area in the Wicklow Mountains, and the entire Glenmacnass Valley can be accessed by the R115 road (also called the Military Road), which connects the Sally Gap to Laragh. There are parking facilities at the top of the waterfall, and the waterfall and valley are in the Wicklow Mountains National Park.
Wicklow Gaol

Wicklow Gaol is a former prison, now a museum, located in the town of Wicklow, County Wicklow, Ireland
There has been a prison on the site since the late eighteenth century. Prisoners were held at Wicklow Gaol during the 1798 Rebellion and the Great Famine, as well as many held there prior to penal transportation.
The prison was extended in 1822 to a design by William Vitruvius Morrison, and further extended 1842-3.
The prison in 1877 was demoted to the status of ‘bridewell’, a prison for petty offenders awaiting trial, and closed down by 1900, but reopened in 1918 to hold republican prisoners during the Irish War of Independence and Irish Civil War (the most famous of them was Erskine Childers); the last prisoners left in 1924.
In 1995 renovations began, and it reopened as a museum in 1998, claiming to be one of the world's most haunted buildings, due to the long history of suffering associated with it. The prison was featured on a 2009 episode of Ghost Hunters International.
Sugarloaf (West Wicklow)

Sugarloaf is a 552 metres (1,811 ft) peak in west County Wicklow, Ireland that lies on the northern edge of the Glen of Imaal. With a prominence of only 14 metres (46 ft), it is not listed in any of the recognised categories of mountains in Ireland, and is a subsidiary summit of Lobawn 636 metres (2,087 ft), to the north.
Sugarloaf should not be confused with the better known Great Sugar Loaf 501 metres (1,644 ft), and the Little Sugar Loaf 342 metres (1,122 ft) in the northeastern section of the Wicklow Mountains.
Limestone pavement

A limestone pavement is a natural karst landform consisting of a flat, incised surface of exposed limestone that resembles an artificial pavement. The term is mainly used in the UK and Ireland, where many of these landforms have developed distinctive surface patterning resembling paving blocks. Similar landforms in other parts of the world are known as alvars.
Conditions for limestone pavements are created when an advancing glacier scrapes away overburden and exposes horizontally bedded limestone, with subsequent glacial retreat leaving behind a flat, bare surface. Limestone is slightly soluble in water and especially in acid rain, so corrosive drainage along joints and cracks in the limestone can produce slabs called clints isolated by deep fissures called grikes or grykes (terms derived from a northern English dialect). If the grykes are fairly straight and the clints are uniform in size, the resemblance to man-made paving stones is striking, but they are not necessarily so regular. Limestone pavements that develop beneath a mantle of topsoil usually exhibit more rounded forms.
Limestone pavements can be found in many previously glaciated limestone environments around the world. Notable examples are found in the Yorkshire Dales and Cumbria in Northern England, such as those above Malham Cove, on the side of Ingleborough, and above Grange-over-Sands. They are also found in the Stora Alvaret in Öland, Sweden; in the Burren, County Clare, Ireland, the Great Northern Peninsula on Newfoundland, and in the Désert de Platé, in the French Alps.
Wayan Formation

The Wayan Formation is a geological formation in Idaho whose strata date back to the latest Early Cretaceous and the earliest Late Cretaceous. Dinosaur, other reptile, mammal, and micro and macro-floral remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. The lack of extensive outcrops, limited geographic extent, and extreme structural deformation have limited paleontological explorations of the Wayan.
The Wayan occurs in the Caribou Range of eastern Idaho. Sediments are dominantly floodplain mudstones (many having undergone extensive pedogenic processes) with some fluvial sandstones and minor conglomerates, limestones, and tuffs. Carbonate nodules in pedogenic mudstones suggest a semi-arid, seasonal climate during deposition. Radiometric U-Pb dates from detrital zircons indicate a latest Albian to early to middle Cenomanian age. Detrital zircon U-Pb dating within one stratigraphic meter of an Oryctodromeus locality yielded an age of 99.1 +1.5/-1.3 Ma showing proximity to the Albian/Cenomanian stage boundary.
The Wayan is equivalent to the upper Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah, the Aspen Shale of Wyoming, and the Vaughn member of the Blackleaf Formation of Montana.
The vertebrate fauna is dominated by the small basal ornithopod Oryctodromeus, which dominates the vertebrate assemblage and is known from several partial skeletons. An ankylosaur, a Tenontosaurus-like iguanodontid, a hadrosaurid, dromaeosaurs, a tyrannosauroid, a possible neovenatorid allosauroid, a giant oviraptorosaur (represented by eggshell of the oogenus Macroelongatoolithus carleylei), indeterminate small theropods, possible neoceratopsians, large and small crocodilians, turtles, a variety of small mammals, and semionotid fish are known from very fragmentary remains.
Fossil plants are rare, but petrified conifer wood, and foliage from angiosperms, conifers and ferns has been reported.
Taphonomic modes of the Wayan are distinct. Fossiliferous 'pods' of Oryctodromeus skeletons and skeletal elements, sometimes with more than one individual represented, are the most common occurrence of vertebrate skeletal remains. Degrees of association and articulation range from fully articulated individuals to articulated strings of vertebrae and articulate limbs associated with other elements. These Oryctodromeus remains exhibit no appreciable pre-burial taphonomic modifications such as weathering, abrasion, breakage, or tooth marks. This combination of observations suggests the possibility of burial of these animals within unrecognized burrows.
Excluding eggshell, almost all other vertebrate remains known from the Wayan occur as isolated teeth and partial to complete bones found in high energy fluvial lag and possible debris flow deposits. These remains exhibit a more typical range of taphonomic modification with varying degrees of abrasion and breakage typical of skeletal remains preserved in fluvial deposits. The overall fossil assemblage of the Wayan and patterns of preservation suggest that surface processes on the Wayan floodplains were less conducive to preservation, with preservation typically occurring subsurface and in fluvial channels.
Earl of Wicklow

Earl of Wicklow was a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1793 for Alice Howard, Dowager Viscountess Wicklow. Born Alice Forward, she was the daughter of William Forward, Member of the Irish House of Commons for the County Donegal, and the widow of Ralph Howard, 1st Viscount Wicklow. The latter was the son of the Right Reverend Robert Howard, Lord Bishop of Elphin, and represented the County Wicklow in the Irish Parliament. In 1776 he was raised to the Peerage of Ireland as Baron Clonmore, of Clonmore in the County of Carlow, and in 1785 he was further honoured when he was made Viscount Wicklow, also in the Peerage of Ireland. Both Lord and Lady Wicklow were succeeded by their eldest son, the second Earl. He sat in the House of Lords as one of the twenty-eight original Irish representative peer from 1800 to 1815. He never married and was succeeded by his younger brother, the third Earl. In 1780 he had assumed by Royal licence his maternal grandfather's surname of Forward. After succeeding in the earldom in 1815 he resumed the same year by Royal licence the surname of Howard after that of Forward.
On his death, the titles passed to his son, the fourth Earl. He was an Irish Representative Peer from 1821 to 1869 and served as Lord-Lieutenant of County Wicklow from 1831 to 1869. He was succeeded by his nephew, the fifth Earl. He was the eldest son from the second marriage of Reverend the Hon. Francis Howard, second son of the third Earl. He was an Irish Representative Peer from 1872 to 1881. When he died unmarried at an early age the titles passed to his younger brother, the sixth Earl. He sat in the House of Lords as an Irish Representative Peer from 1888 to 1891. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the seventh Earl. He was an Irish Representative Peer from 1905 to 1946 and a Senator of the Irish Free State from 1922 to 1928. When he died the titles passed to his son, the eighth Earl, who moved in literary and artistic circles and was a close friend of Evelyn Waugh. The 8th Earl, who married the former member of the Irish Senate Eleanor Butler in 1959, was childless and on his death in 1978, the titles passed to his first cousin, Cecil Aylmar Howard, a grandson of the sixth earl. The ninth earl died in 1983 without issue and the peerages became extinct.
The ancestral seat of the Earls of Wicklow was the palatial Shelton Abbey, near Arklow, County Wicklow, which remained in the family until 1951. Shortly thereafter financial difficulties forced the 8th Earl to sell the estate to the Irish State. Shelton Abbey is currently used as an open prison.
डोंगर

शेजारील जमिनीपेक्षा उंच असलेल्या जमिनीच्या भागास वाढत्या उंचीनुसार उंचवटा, टेकाड, टेकडी, डोंगर, कडा किंवा पर्वत म्हणतात. जमिनीपेक्षा खालच्या पातळीवर असलेल्या भागास वाढत्या खोलीनुसार खळगा, खाच, खड्डा, दरी किंवा खाई म्हणतात.सह्याद्री पर्वताच्या महाराष्ट्रातील महत्त्वाच्या तीन डोंगर रांगा म्हणजे सातमाळा अजिंठा ,हरिश्चंद्र बालाघाट व शंभू महादेव डोंगर रांग
पारसिक डोंगर

पारसिक डोंगर हा ठाणे जिल्ह्यातील डोंगर आहे. साष्टी बेटाच्या पूर्वेस भारताच्या मुख्य भूमीवर असलेल्या या डोंगराची उंची १९८५मध्ये २३५ मीटर होती. या डोंगराचा माथा म्हणजे ७ किमी उत्तर-दक्षिण धावणारी डोंगरकपार आहे. १९८५नंतर सुरू झालेल्या दगडखाणींमुळे या टेकडीचा आकार आणि उंची बदलले गेले आहेत. या डोंगरावरील १५ किमी परिसरात अभयारण्य आहे. येथे अनेक चित्रपटांचे चित्रीकरण झालेले आहे.
या डोंगराचा काही भाग नवी मुंबईमध्ये मोडतो. याच्या शिखराजवळ नवी मुंबईच्या महापौरांचे अधिकृत निवासस्थान आहे.
या डोंगरातून पारसिक बोगदा गेला आहे. हा बोगदा भारत आणि आशियातील सगळ्यात जुन्या बोगद्यांपैकी एक आहे. १९१६मध्ये खणलेल्या या बोगद्यातून मध्य रेल्वेची वाहतूक होते. त्याआधी बांधलेला रेल्वेमार्ग डोंगराला वळसा घालून मुंब्रा-कळवामार्गे मुंबईला ठाण्याशी जोडतो.
विसाव्या शतकाच्या शेवटी हा डोंगर फोडून तेथील दगडमाती मुंबई महानगरातील बांधकामासाठी वापरली गेली. डोंगराचा सुमारे ९% भाग यात नष्ट झाला आहे. याच गतीने पुढील काही वर्षांत ३०% डोंगर नाहीसा होण्याचा अंदाज आहे. शीळफाट्याकडे जाणाऱ्या रस्त्यालगत हजारो (२०१२ च्या अंदाजानुसार ११,०००) अनधिकृत झोपड्या वर घरे बांधली गेली आहेत. याशिवाय डोंगरावर सुमारे १०० अनधिकृत देवळे, मशीदी व इतर धार्मिक स्थळे बांधली गेली आहेत.
डोंगर (राजापूर)

डोंगर हे भारतातील महाराष्ट्र राज्यातील दक्षिण कोकणातील रत्‍नागिरी जिल्ह्यातील राजापूर तालुक्यातील एक गाव आहे.
पावसाळ्यात येथे भरपूर प्रमाणात पाऊस पडतो आणि हवामान समशीतोष्ण राहते. हिवाळ्यात येथील हवामान थंड असते व अनेकदा सकाळी धुके पडते. उन्हाळ्यात हवामान उष्ण असते. पावसाळ्यात येथे भातशेती, नागलीशेती केली जाते.
१.https://villageinfo.in/ २.https://www.census2011.co.in/ ३.http://tourism.gov.in/ ४.https://www.incredibleindia.org/ ५.https://www.india.gov.in/topics/travel-tourism ६.https://www.mapsofindia.com/
ज्योतिबाचा डोंगर

ज्योतिबाचा डोंगर हे महाराष्ट्रातील कोल्हापूर जिल्ह्यात असलेले हिंदू तीर्थक्षेत्र आहे. डोंगरावर ज्योतिबाचे मंदिर आहे. ज्योतिबास ज्योतिर्लिंग, केदारलिंग, रवळनाथ, सौदागर अशा विविध नावांनीही उल्लेखतात.श्री ज्योतिबा अथवा केदारेश्वर हे बद्रिकेदारचेचे रूप आहे. ब्रह्मा, विष्णू, महेश आणि जमदग्नी या सर्वाचा मिळून एक तेजःपुंज अवतार म्हणजेच ज्योतिबा किंवा केदारनाथ
महालमिऱ्या डोंगर

महालमिऱ्या डोंगर हे भारतातील महाराष्ट्र राज्यातील मध्य कोकणातील रायगड जिल्ह्यातील पेण तालुक्यातील एक गाव आहे.
पावसाळ्यात येथे भरपूर प्रमाणात पाऊस पडतो आणि हवामान समशीतोष्ण राहते. हिवाळ्यात येथील हवामान थंड असते व अनेकदा सकाळी धुके पडते.उन्हाळ्यात हवामान उष्ण असते.
Gopinatham

Gopinatham is a rural village located in Chamarajanagar district, Karnataka, India, in the border area of Tamil Nadu. It is the birthplace of Veerappan. The village is 144 kilometres (89 mi) from the district centre at Chamarajanagar among thick scrub forest and mountainous terrain.
The village is now a small-time tourist attraction and trekking is encouraged on a 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) trail. A trekking camp, managed by Government agencies, is located in the forests of Cauvery Wildlife Sanctuary, near the village. The Hogenakal falls is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Gopinatha and cycles are provided in the trekking camp to reach the waterfalls. Trekking is also arranged to Yekehalla, where a small memorial is built by Forest Department of Karnataka State, to remember DCF P. Srinivas, who was beheaded by Veerappan, when the officer was lured to the spot on the pretext of surrender proposed by the brigand through his brother Arjun. Srinivas was attacked from behind when he was crossing a stream.
Pitampura TV Tower

Pitampura TV Tower is a 235-metre (771 ft)-tall television tower, built in 1988, with an observation deck that is located in Pitam Pura, Delhi, India.
Dilli Haat Pitampura is also situated near the TV tower. The Tower was dedicated to the Nation as Dr. B. R. Ambedkar TV Tower 10 April 1992 by the Minister for The State of Information & Broadcasting, Ajeet Kumar Panja.
The TV tower was built in 1988, in one of the biggest commercial/business districts of New Delhi. Netaji Subhash Place in Pitampura is one of the main local tourist spots of Delhiites. Delhi's second Dilli Haat, a traditional food and crafts bazaar, was developed by Delhi Tourism and Transportation Development Corporation (DTTDC) in Pitampura, was established close to the TV Tower and spread over 7.2 hectares in April 2008. Also it has Pitampura Sports Complex by its side.
In October 2010, Lt. Col. Satyendra Verma, an officer of the Indian Army Sports sky diving team, successfully performed India's first BASE jump on Friday, off the 235-metre-tall Tower. On 5 January 2013 a fire broke out within the 200m high tower around 10:30pm and took 15 fire men to control it.
The tower is no longer open for the public, due to security reasons.
It is located at Netaji Subhash Place metro station of the Red Line of Delhi Metro. The tower is named after the Pitampura area and is near Pitampura Dilli Haat of New Delhi. It is located just opposite the Sri Guru Gobind Singh College of Commerce.
28°41′50″N 77°09′01″E﻿ / ﻿28.69721°N 77.15035°E﻿ / 28.69721; 77.15035
Rameswaram TV Tower

The Rameswaram TV Tower is a free-standing tower that was built in 1995. Standing at 323 metres (1,060 ft), it is the tallest structure in India. The tower is used by Doordarshan for television broadcasting. The main structure is made of reinforced cement concrete and the mast is made of lattice steel.
The Rameswaram TV Tower is situated in the town of Rameswaram, which is a small municipality in the Ramanathapuram district, an administrative district in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
INS Kattabomman

INS Kattabomman is the designation of the VLF-transmission facility of the Indian Navy situated at Vijayanarayanam near Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu. The facility spread over 3,000 acres has 13 masts, which are arranged in two rings around the central mast. The centre mast has a height of 301 metres, the masts on the inner ring measure 276.4 metres, that on the outer ring measure 227.4 metres. The facility broadcasts at frequencies of 16.3 kHz, 17.0 kHz, 18.2 kHz, and 19.2 kHz.
Two further masts of the station carrying an umbrella antenna, the INS Kattabomman is 471 metres tall and the tallest structure in India. They are also the tallest military structure in the world. The facility opened an ELF transmission facility in 2014.
Development and construction of INS Kattabomman started in 1984 as Project Skylark and costed ₹122 crore (equivalent to ₹11 billion or US$120 million in 2023). It was commissioned into service by Indian President Ramaswamy Venkataraman on 20 October 1990. It is named after king Veera Pandya Kattabomman, who died during the Indian independence movement.
After operationalising the base, India became the seventh country in the world to have developed the Very low frequency communication capability.
On 31 July 2014, a new Very low frequency facility was inaugurated at INS Kattabomman. The upgrade was contracted to Larsen & Toubro. The upgrade included digitising the control interface.
An Extremely low frequency communication facility is also present near the VLF facility, construction of which commenced in March 2012. The facility is used by the Nuclear Command Authority to communicate with the Arihant-class submarines.
India is the second country after Russia to actively operate an Extremely low frequency facility; the United States had discontinued using it in 2004. Another such facility is proposed in Damagundam Reserve Forest (approximately at 17°16'N 77°56'E ). This 2nd facility had the foundation stone laid in Oct 15 2024 with a plan to be operational by 2027
8°23′13″N 77°45′10″E﻿ / ﻿8.3870°N 77.7529°E﻿ / 8.3870; 77.7529