davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Гласове на традицията

Групата „Гласове на традицията“ е професионална вокална формация за старинна българска фолклорна и църковна музика. Основана е през 2019 година в София. В състава на „Гласове на традицията“ са дългогодишните солисти на хора при Ансамбъла за народни песни на Българското национално радио Калинка Вълчева, Олга Борисова, Калинка Згурова, Радка Алексова, Василка Дамянова. Техните гласове звучат в албумите на швейцарския продуцент Марсел Селие „Мистерията на българските гласове“. Те са сред най-ярките и дългогодишни солисти на радио-телевизионния хор, гастролирал по света под името „Мистерията на българските гласове“. Мъжкото присъствие е на квартет „Светоглас“, основан от Даниел Спасов и Милен Иванов, също дългогодишни солисти на „Мистерията на българските гласове“, както останалите членове на квартета Станимир Иванов и Виктор Томанов. Във формацията са включени и млади фолклорни дарования, лауреати на национални и международни фолклорни конкурси и фестивали. Това са Весела Порчева, Лина Мачева, Нина Арнаудова, Таня Митева, Юлия Гатдерова, Елизабет Кънчева. В репертоара на формацията са включени: автентичен и обработен фолклор, хармонична и полифонична музика, църковни аноними, древни монодии, хармонични църковни произведения, шедьоври на православното музикално изкуство.
За първи път в професионалните фолклорни музикално-сценични форми, „Гласове на традицията“ съчетава женски и мъжки тембри.
Диригент на формацията е Милен Иванов.
Изпълнителите от „Гласове на традицията“ са гастролирали в най-престижните концертни зали на Европа, Азия, Америка и Африка, участвали са и в международни етно проекти, получили световно признание.
Премиерната презентация на „Гласове на традицията“ е на 27 май 2021 година в София.
Гласове на традицията
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQucmxb_P6c
https://www.facebook.com/GlasoveNaTradiziata
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zVDRrBVn7jw
БГ+

БГ+ е български телевизионен канал.
Каналът започва излъчване на 26 февруари 2019 г. Основана е от създателя и продуцент на Национален фолклорен ансамбъл „Българе“ Христо Димитров. Телевизията работи в подкрепа на българския дух, култура, история, изкуство, традиции и фолклор. Авторекламите на телевизията са записани с гласа на българския актьор Виктор Танев.
Телевизия „Българе“ заменя телевизия „In LIFE TV“, която стартира като онлайн телевизия от февруари 2015 г., а през март 2016 г. получава лиценз от СЕМ за кабелна и сателитна телевизия, като стартира официално излъчване на 1 май 2016.
През март 2022 г. телевизия „Българе“ променя своето име на „БГ+“.
Пирин пее

„Пирин пее“ е събор на народното творчество, провеждан от 1962 година насам в местността Предела, община Разлог.
В центъра на фестивала са изпълненията на народни песни, но се представят също и инструментална музика, народни танци, различни видове носии и артефакти, свързани с българския фолклор, както и занаяти, обреди и други.
„Пирин пее“ е сред първите събори на народното творчество, които започват да се организират в началото на 60-те години на XX век. Създаден по инициатива на музиколога Илия Манолов, той е проведен за първи път през 1962 година с около 3 хиляди участници, главно певци, от Пиринска Македония. На Втория събор през 1967 година се представят и други фолклорни жанрове – проза, възстановки на обреди, танци. На Третия събор през 1974 година участват 4500 изпълнители, на Четвъртия през 1980 година – 6 хиляди, а на Петия през 1985 година – 7895.
Шестият фестивал се провежда след продължително прекъсване, през 1997 година, организиран от създадена с тази цел Фондация „Пирин пее“. В него участват около 3800 изпълнители, а посетителите са над 200 хиляди. Седмият събор се провежда през август 2001 година.
Фестивалът в 2016 година е проведен под патронажа на президента Росен Плевнелиев.
Държавен ансамбъл за народни песни и танци „Пирин“

Държавен ансамбъл за народни песни и танци „Пирин“ е основан през 1954 г. в Благоевград. Ансамбълът се състои от народен хор, оркестър и танцов състав. Дейността му е свързана със сценично претворяване и популяризиране на обработен фолклор от Пиринския край, но ансамбълът изпълнява народни песни и от останалата част на македонската фолклорна област, която се намира в Гърция и Северна Македония, както и от други области на България.
Ръководител на ансамбъла при създаването му е диригентът на хора Златко Коцев. Първи диригент на оркестъра е Александър Кокарешков, а ръководител на танцовия състав е Божидар Янев. От 1956 г. главен художествен ръководител и диригент на хора е Кирил Стефанов. Той стабилизира ансамбъла и го изгражда му като самостоятелна формация. В началото на дейността си ансамбъл „Пирин“ се ръководи от опита на Държавния ансамбъл за народни песни и танци в София. Принос на ансамбъла в сценичното претворяване на фолклора е обединяването на отделните номера от програмата в цялостен спектакъл. Непрекъснато обогатява репертоара си. Сътрудници за дейността му са композиторите Ст. Кънев, Николай Кауфман, Красимир Кюркчийски, Коста Колев, Н. Стойков; хореографите Кирил Дженев, М. Кутев, Д. П. Димитров и др.
Художествените търсения на хореографите Кирил Харалампиев, Костадин Руйчев, Т. Бекирски, на диригента на оркестъра Ст. Стоянов, на сценографа Васил Докев са насочени към съчетаване на съвременната тема с традиционното народно изкуство.
Ансамбълът при ръководството на проф. Кирил Стефанов осъществява над 6000 концертни изяви в над 55 страни по всички континенти на света. Публиката надвишава 6 милиона зрители и слушатели. Над 100 издания са отбелязали художествените изяви на ансамбъла.
Към 1967 година има общо 60 народни певици, инструменталисти и танцьори.
Репертоарът на хора включва десетки акапелни песни и песни в съпровод на оркестър.
През 2019 година ансамбълът отбелязва 65 години от създаването си; с настоящ ръководител Данислав Кехайов – приемник на Кирил Стефанов.
Golden Rose Bulgarian Feature Film Festival

The Golden Rose Bulgarian Feature Film Festival (Bulgarian: Фестивалът на българския игрален филм „Златна роза“) is held in Varna in September or October. Also known as Golden Rose National Film Festival or simply Golden Rose Film Festival, the event was first held in August 1961 under the name "Bulgarian Film Festival"; it ran annually until 1974 (other than 1965) and after that it was usually held every two years. The 34th Golden Rose Film Festival was held September 19 to 25, 2016.
The first time the festival was held, in 1961, the prize-winning film was We Were Young. The top award was originally called the Special Award of the Festival, but in 1963 the name was changed to "Golden Rose". It is also referred to as the Grand Prix. A statuette for the Golden Rose was designed by sculptor Vezhdi Rashidov.
As of 2016, the festival has ten awards determined by its jury, and five other awards:
Cinema of Bulgaria

Bulgaria has been producing films since 1915. Bulgarian cinema is known for the pioneering work of directors like Donyo Donev in the field of animation. The filming and screening of Vasil Gendov's film Bulgaran are Gallant (1915) is considered to be the beginning of Bulgarian cinematography. Historically, Bulgarian films have been noted for their realism, social themes and technical innovation.
From 1915 to 1948, when film production was nationalized, 55 films were made, but production slowed down after the beginning of World War II. During the time of the Fatherland Front government, films with a historical focus were given bigger funding. The biggest studio at that time was the Boyana Film Studio.
Notable Bulgarian film directors are Rangel Vulchanov, Christo Christov, and Georgi Djulgerov. Other filmmakers of note are Kristina Grozeva and Petar Valchanov, who directed the Crystal Globe-winning film The Father (2019), and Theodore Ushev whose film Blind Vaysha (2016) was nominated for an Academy Award. Bulgarian actors who have accrued critical success and worldwide recognition include Nina Dobrev and Maria Bakalova.
The Golden Rose Film Festival was first held in 1961 and was the biggest Bulgarian film festival throughout the 20th century. In 1997, the Sofia Film Fest was held for the first time. In 2007, Variety included it in its list of the 50 best film festivals.
Game of Thrones

Is sraith teilifíse ealaíona fantaisí Mheiriceá é Game of Thrones, cruthaithe ag David Benioff agus D. B. Weiss.Sraith fantaisíochta eipiciúil é Fonn Oighir agus Tine nó A Song of Ice and Fire leis an údar agus an scríbhneoir scáileáin Meiriceánach George R. R. Martinː
Déanann an tsraith iniúchadh cumasach ar an teorainn idir an fhantaisíocht agus an saol mar atá.
In 1996 a foilsíodh an leabhar ar dtús, faoin teideal A Game of Thrones. Tá leagan scannánaithe ag HBO á chraoladh ar an teilifís go hidirnáisiúnta. I mBéarla, Tháinig deireadh leis an tsraith sa bhliain 2019.
Jane Espenson

Scríbhneoir teilifíse agus léiritheoir as Iowa, SAM is ea Jane Espenson. Rugadh í ar 14 Iúil 1964 in Ames, Iowa agus is ann a tógadh agus a oileadh í. Tá aithne uirthi mar gheall ar a cuid oibre ar chláir ar nós Buffy The Vampire Slayer, Firefly agus Game of Thrones.
Tonnta teasa i Meiriceá Theas, 2023

Le linn mhí an Mhárta- Nollaig 2023, bhuail tonnta teasa agus cioclóin áiteanna ar fud Mheiriceá Theas, an geimhreadh agus an t-earrach is teo a taifeadadh riamh. Buaileadh an Airgintín agus an tSile go háirithe le linn an gheimhridh.
Ní raibh an t-earrach ach díreach tosaithe sa leathsféar theas, ach i mhí Meán Fómhair, bhuail teas ard an chuid is mó den Bhrasaíl. Bhí bogthaise mheirbh ann chomh maith.
An téamh domhanda mar aon leis an bhfeiniméan aimsire El Niño, a mbíonn tionchar láidir aige ar an aimsir i Meiriceá Theas, ba chúis leis an tonn teasa seo, de réir na meitéareolaithe. Bhí Ard-Rúnaí na Náisiún Aontaithe ar an daoraí. “Tá séasúr deargthe curtha de ag ár bpláinéad arsa Antonio Guterres, ag caint ar thuairisc nua ón Eagraíocht Dhomhanda Meitéareolaíochta.
Rinneadh dochar mór d’éiceachórais, don gheilleagar agus do shláinte daoine.
Ingmar Bergman

Stiúrthóir scannán agus drámaí ba ea Ernst Ingmar Bergman (14 Iúil 1918 - 30 Iúil 2007). Rugadh in Uppsala na Sualainne é. Áirítear Bergman ar rogha stiúrthóirí na scannánaíochta domhanda.
Thomas Hardy

Údar agus file Sasanach ab ea Thomas Hardy (2 Meitheamh 1840 - 11 Eanáir 1928). Cé gur shíl sé go raibh sé ina fhile mar ghairm bheatha, tá clú agus cáil air mar gheall ar a chuid úrscéalta, Tess of the D’Urbervilles agus Far from the Madding Crowd ina measc. Bhí an chuid is mó dá shaothair (chuir i gcló ar dtús mar shraithscéalta) suite sa thír leath-shamhailteach ‘Wessex’ (ach bunaithe ar cheantar Dorchester agus an shír stairiúil).
Rugadh Thomas Hardy i Higher Bockhampton, sráidbhaile de chuid paróiste Stinsford gar le cathair Dorchester i nDorset, Sasana. D’oibrigh a athar, Tomás (b.1892), mar shaor cloiche agus tógalaí áitiúil. Bhí léamh agus léann ag a mháthair, Jemima, agus thug sí teagasc dó gur thosaigh sé ag bunscoil i mBockhampton agus é ocht mbliana d’aois. D’fhreastail sé ar “Mr. Last’s Academy for Young Gentlemen” ar feadh roinnt bliain i nDorchester, d’fhoghlaim sé Laidin agus d’éirigh sé go maith lena chuid staidéir. Áfach, bhí easnamh acmhainní ag a mhuintir chun é a thacú san ollscoil, agus dá bhrí sin, chríochnaigh sé leis an oideachas agus é sé bliana déag d’aois. Chuaigh sé i gcomhlacht ailtireachta áitiúla, mar phrintíseach le James Hicks. Rinne sé staidéar ar an ailtireacht i nDorchester, ach bhog sé chuig Londain sa bhliain 1862, áit a ndeachaigh sé i gColáiste an Rí mar dhalta. Bhuaigh sé duaiseanna éagsúla in ailtireacht ann, ach ní raibh sé sásta a bheith ina chónai i Londain.
D’fhill sé ar Dorset tar éis cúig bliana i Londain, agus nuair a bhí sé ar mhisean ailtireachta i gCorn na Breataine chun séipéal paróiste Naomh Juliot a dheisiú, bhuail agus thit sé i ngrá le Emma Lavinia Gifford, cailín a phós sé sa bhliain 1874. Cé gur scar siad níos déanaí sa shaol, bhraith sé ualach mór air nuair a fuair sí bás sa bhliain 1912. Tar éis bás a bhean chéile, tháinig Hardy ar ais ar Chorn na Breataine chun ath-chuirt a thabhairt ar áiteanna a bhain lena gcaidreamh, agus scríobh sé Poems 1912-13 le Emma ar a aigne. Phós sé arís sa bhliain 1914 lena rúnaí Florence Emily Dugdale, a raibh 39 bliana níos óige.
Cailleadh Hardy um trathnóna ar 11 Eanáir, 1928, tar éis a dhán deiridh a aithris lena bhean chéile, agus é ar leaba an bháis.
Theip ar Hardy a chéad úrscéal, The Poor Man and the Lady, a fhoilsiú nuair a chríochnaíodh é sa bhliain 1867. Mhill sé an lámhscríbhinn, agus dá bharr sin, níl ach cuid an úrscéil fágtha sa lá atá ann inniu. Thug cara (an file agus údar George Meredith) misneach agus spreagadh dó, agus foilsiódh Desperate Remedies (1871) agus Under the Greenwood Tree (1872) gan ainm. D’éirigh Hardy as an úrscéalaíocht tar éis fhoilsiú Jude the Obscure sa bhliain 1895, mar thoradh ar léirmheasanna diúltach fíochmhar ón mheáin chumarsáide agus i measc an pobail. Lean sé ar an bhfilíocht in ionad an úrscéalaíocht.
Dheighil Hardy a chuid saothair i dtrí catagóir:
Úrscéalta maidir le carachtar agus timpeallacht (”Novels of Character and Environment”)
Scéalta Grá agus Scéalta Fantaisíochta (”Romances and Fantasies”)
Úrscéalta maidir le Beartaíocht (”Novels of Ingenuity”)
Gearrscéalta (le dáta na chéad eagrán)
Avengers: Infinity War

Is scannán oll-laochra Meiriceánach ón mbliain 2018 é Avengers: Infinity War. Tá sé bunaithe ar carachtair de chuid Marvel Comics. Léirigh Marvel Studios é agus dháiligh Walt Disney Studios é. Ba iad Anthony agus Joe Russo na stiúrthóirí, agus ba iad Christopher Markus agus Stephen McFeely na scríbhneoirí. Is scannán sa tsraith Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) é. Ba é seo an ceathrú scannán is mó a thug airgead isteach go dtí seo.
Foo Fighters

Is banna rac-cheoil as Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá é Foo Fighters. Nuair a bhris an banna mór Nirvana suas i 1994, chuaigh drumadóir Dave Grohl isteach sa stiúideo, agus rinne sé albam beag ina aonar. Sheinn Grohl gach uirlis agus chan sé na hamhráin. Thug sé an t-ainm Foo Fighters ar an dtoradh. Nuair a bhí an t-albam réidh, thosaigh Grohl banna nua le Pat Smear as Nirvana, agus Nate Mendel agus William Goldsmith as an mbanna Sunny Day Real Estate.
Paul Henry (ealaíontóir)

Péintéir ba ea Paul Henry (11 Aibreán 1876 – 24 Lúnasa 1958).
I mBéal Feirste a rugadh Henry in 1876 ach chaith sé go leor ama in iarthar na hÉireann. Chaith sé naoi mbliana ina chónaí in Acaill is ann a phéinteáil sé The Potato Diggers, a díoladh ar €400,000 in 2013.
Bhí sé i mbarr a réime i lár na 1930idí.
Sa bhliain 2021, bhí os cionn £600,000 (thart ar €730,000) caite ar saothar de chuid Henry, radharc tíre dar teideal Mountains and Lake, Connemara, ag ceant i Londain. Ba é seo an méid is mó a íocadh riamh ar phictiúr de chuid Henry. Bhí an pictiúr seo ar taispeáint i Músaem Uladh agus i nGailearaí Náisiúnta na hÉireann ar feadh tamaill.
Sa bhliain 2020, íocadh breis is €400,000 inné ar radharc tíre dar teideal, A Sunny Day, Connemara. Cé go dtugann teideal an phictiúir, a déanadh thart ar an mbliain 1940, le fios gur radharc d’áit éigin i gConamara atá le feiceáil ann, ceaptar gur radharc d’Acaill atá i gceist. Íocadh €105,000 ar shaothar eile le Paul Henry, Celtic Cross in a West of Ireland Landscape.
In 2017, díoladh an pictiúr a rinne an t-ealaíontóir Feirsteach de loch i nGaeltacht Chorca Dhuibhne ar €65,000.
Phéinteáil Henry The Potato Diggers in Acaill, a díoladh ar €400,000 in 2013.
Déanadh Paul Henry athchruthú uaireanta ar thírdhreach agus é ag péinteáil pictiúir. Ní gá go gcloífeadh sé i gcónaí le gnéithe iomlána an radhairc a bhí os a chomhair. Ní bhíodh leisce ar Henry sliabh a thógáil as radharc nó tithe a chur in áit nach raibh teach ar bith, de réir mar a d’fheil sé don phictiúr.
Douglas Haig

Ba marascal machaire Briotanach é Douglas Haig 1ú Earl Haig, KT, GCB, OM, GCVO, KCIE (19 Meitheamh 1861 – 29 Eanáir 1928). Le linn an Chéad Chogaidh Dhomhanda, bhí sé i gceannas ar Fhórsa Sluaíochta na Breataine (FSB) ar an bhFronta Thiar ó dheireadh 1915 go dtí deireadh an chogaidh. Bhí sé ina cheannasaí le linn Chath an Somme, Cath Arras, Tríú Cath Ypres (Passchendaele), an tIonsaí Earraigh (nó Kaiserschlacht), agus an tIonsaí Mór deireanach. Cé go raibh cáil fhabhrach air i rith na mblianta díreach tar éis an chogaidh, agus a shochraid ina lá caoineadh náisiúnta, tá Haig, ó na 1960idí i leith, ina ábhar cáinte as a cheannaireacht le linn an Chéad Chogaidh Dhomhanda. Tugadh an t-ainm "An Búistéir Haig" air as an dá mhilliún taismeach Briotanach a tháinig faoina cheannas. Deir Músaem Cogaidh Cheanada, "His epic but costly offensives at the Somme (1916) and Passchendaele (1917) have become nearly synonymous with the carnage and futility of First World War battles." Ar an láimh eile, measann roinnt staraithe go raibh an tIonsaí Mór 1918 - comhiarracht na gComhghuaillithe faoi stiúir Foch a chuir deireadh leis an gcogadh - agus go háirithe rannchuidiú na Breataine leis, ar cheann de na bua is mó a baineadh amach riamh i stair mhíleata na Breataine.
Natural beech wood

Natural beech wood is a beech wood, that is able to replenish and sustain itself on its own.
Beech is a valued timber, but most beech woods require human intervention to replace old trees, since the young trees are not able to survive at all, or at a rate that sustains the beech population over time. There can be various reasons for this condition. Heavy forest floor coverage of other plants in the spring, shadowing the young beech-shoots, is a common cause. Abundance of nutrient-rich soils will also be difficult to handle for beech woods in the long run.
A natural beech wood has beech trees of all ages, including fallen and dead trees. Other tree species might be mixed in, but not to a degree that threatens the dominant beech.
The term is also used for other tree species, such as 'natural oak wood', 'natural birch wood', etc..
Among examples of natural beech wood forests are:
Agricultural practices can often change the original soil-compositions so much, that the specific natural woodland type once associated with the local area, will change too. This change is almost irreversible. This condition has now affected most of Europe.
Local or global climate changes can also have a profound effect on what kind of natural woodland can grow and survive in a specific area.
European beech is usually more susceptible to climatic changes than soil-composition and the current global climate change are found to affect the geographical distribution of natural beech wood habitats.
The term "natural" is often confusingly used as a synonym for "primeval". While primeval woodlands that still exist, are indeed natural. Natural woodlands do not have to be primeval per se. Secondary or re-established woodlands can also be natural; it is just a matter of whether a given forest type is able to sustain and replace itself on its own – i.e. if the climatic and geological conditions for a given forest type are present or not. These conditions can be objectively determined, and do not depend on the "test of time" exclusively.
The term "semi-natural" is sometimes used to describe any natural woodland, that is not strictly primeval in origin.
Dark Hedges

The Dark Hedges is an avenue of beech trees along Bregagh Road between Armoy and Stranocum in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The trees form an atmospheric tunnel that has been used as a location in HBO's popular television series Game of Thrones, which has resulted in the avenue becoming a popular tourist attraction.
In about 1775, James Stuart built a new house, named Gracehill House after his wife Grace Lynd. Over 150 beech trees were planted along the entrance road to the estate, to create an imposing approach.
According to legend, the hedges are visited by a ghost called the Grey Lady, who travels the road and flits across it from tree to tree. She is claimed to be either the spirit of James Stuart's daughter (named "Cross Peggy") or one of the house's maids who died mysteriously, or a spirit from an abandoned graveyard beneath the fields, who on Halloween is joined on her visitation by other spirits from the graveyard.
The Dark Hedges was used as a filming location for the "King's Road" in the television series Game of Thrones. The trees were also used in the 2017 Transformers film The Last Knight.
A tree preservation order was placed on the trees in 2004, to enable preservation and maintenance, and in 2009 the Dark Hedges Preservation Trust was set up. Of the 150 trees originally planted by the Stuart family, about 90 remained by 2016. A survey in 2014 revealed that the trees are in various states of health and are at risk in bad weather. Two trees were destroyed, and one damaged, by Storm Gertrude in January 2016. Another tree came down in Storm Doris in February 2017. A tree toppled during Storm Hector in June 2018. Another came down during strong winds in January 2019. Two more trees were toppled during Storm Arwen on Saturday 27 November 2021. Three trees were felled as a result of Storm Isha in January 2024, and a further two during Storm Eowyn, on Friday 24th January 2025, raising further concerns about the preservation of the remaining trees.
As visitor numbers have increased, concern has been expressed over vehicular traffic damaging the trees' roots, as well as problems of graffiti and the daubing of sectarian slogans on the trees. The Woodland Trust has stated that high traffic levels might cause the trees, which are surface rooting, to last less than twenty years. In 2017 the Department of Infrastructure announced plans to close the road to traffic, due to visitor numbers causing possible damage and degradation to the site. A ban on traffic using the road (between its junctions with Ballinlea Road and Ballykenver Road) came into place on 30 October 2017. Specified exemptions to the ban include emergency and agricultural vehicles in particular circumstances. In 2023, a survey found that 11 of the remaining 86 trees were in a poor condition and could pose a danger to the public, and 6 of them were to be felled.
The site is included in a list of the 12 best road trips in Great Britain
55°08′04″N 6°22′50″W﻿ / ﻿55.1344°N 6.3806°W﻿ / 55.1344; -6.3806
Suit of cups

The suit of cups is one of four suits of tarot which, collectively, make up the Minor Arcana. They are sometimes referred to as goblets and chalices. Like the other suits of the Minor Arcana, it contains fourteen cards: ace (one), two through ten, page, knight, queen and king. Historically, the suit represented the First Estate (the Clergy). Tarot cards were originally designed for card play and are still used throughout much of Europe to play various Tarot card games. However, in English-speaking countries, where the games are largely unknown, Tarot cards came to be utilized primarily for divinatory purposes. In modern card games, the equivalent suits (depending on deck type and origin) are Hearts or Cups.
In tarot, the element of cups is water, and the suit of cups pertains to situations and events of an emotional nature – in contradistinction to physical (suit of coins), or mindful (suit of swords), or creative natures (suit of wands). As such, when the tarot is used in divination, many cups signify an emotionally focus for the reading. Additionally, cups were the symbol of the clergy in feudal times, and thus cup cards can also be interpreted as having to do with spiritual or religious matters.
Contemporary understandings of the Minor Arcana are largely defined by the illustrations of Pamela Colman Smith and the writings of A. E. Waite found as part of the Rider–Waite Tarot, the most popular tarot deck amongst English speakers, and its companion book The Pictorial Key to the Tarot.
YOLO (2020 TV series)

YOLO is an adult animated television series created by Michael Cusack for Cartoon Network's nighttime programming block Adult Swim, and streaming in Australia on Stan as an exclusive. The series is loosely adaptated from Cusack's web series of the same name. The first season, entitled YOLO: Crystal Fantasy premiered on August 10, 2020; the pilot was aired on April 1, 2020 as a part of Adult Swim's annual April Fools' Day event alongside another project of Cusack's, Smiling Friends. A second season titled YOLO: Silver Destiny was slated to air on January 16, 2023 on Adult Swim but was delayed to January 23, 2023. On October 12, 2023, it was announced that the series was renewed for a third season titled YOLO: Rainbow Trinity which premiered on March 9, 2025.
The series follows the adventures of friends Rachel and Sarah as they travel through Australia.
The series premiered on Adult Swim in the United States on August 10, 2020. It later was acquired by Australian streaming service Stan as a "Stan Exclusive" In the United Kingdom, the series premiered on E4 on September 10.
Skunk Fu!

Skunk Fu! is an animated action adventure fantasy comedy television series featuring the fables and adventures of anthropomorphic animals protecting their Valley using martial arts. The show chronicles the adventures of young Skunk, training with his Kung Fu master, Panda, with the support of Rabbit, Fox, Turtle, and others, who directly, or inadvertently, also help Skunk grow. The show won the IFTA award for "Best Animation". In addition to an English soundtrack, Irish-language, French-language, Japanese-language, and Dutch-language soundtracks were initially produced.
Skunk and the other Valley animals led by Panda thwart Dragon's efforts to overtake their Valley with Baboon and the Ninja Monkeys from their lair in the Mountains. Historically Dragon and Panda were friends, but since Dragon was punished by Heaven for his arrogance, he perceives the Valley residents as the reason for his downfall and seeks to destroy them. Panda sees Skunk as crucial to saving the Valley and endeavors to teach Skunk who often tries to circumvent laborious Kung Fu training, only to learn the value of the initial lesson from the consequences of his actions with Skunk ultimately saving the day, usually by himself or with the help of his friends.
Skunk Fu! was produced by Cartoon Saloon and premiered in 28 May 2007 on ABC Australia. The series was broadcast in Ireland and the United Kingdom on 9 July 2007. Wu-Tang Clan member Ghostface Killah performed the theme song.
The series was shown on ABC Rollercoaster in Australia and BBC and S4C in the UK (under the Welsh title, Drewgi). TG4 broadcast Skunk Fu! in Irish. The series made its debut in the United States on the Kids' WB! block on The CW on 15 September 2007, and then premiered a year later on Cartoon Network in 2008. The series also aired on YTV in Canada and ANN in Japan.
A feature film based on the series was planned, but was quietly cancelled.
In region one from 23 November 2008 to 12 May 2009, NCircle Entertainment have released only three DVD volumes for the series, totaling eighteen segment-episodes.
Scully (TV series)

Scully is a British television drama with some comedy elements set in Liverpool, England, that originated from a BBC Play For Today episode "Scully's New Year's Eve" (3 January 1978). Originally broadcast on Channel 4 in 1984, the single series was spread over six half-hour episodes plus a one-hour final episode. It was written by playwright Alan Bleasdale. The drama is notable for featuring many of the Liverpool football club first-team squad of that era.
The estate parts were filmed in Longsight, Manchester, on the 'Anson Road' Estate. Also some scenes were filmed in Leaton Avenue, Wythenshawe m22 Manchester.
Scully's house is situated on Bluebell Lane in Huyton, Knowsley, Several parts were also filmed on roads off Princess Drive, Dovecot.
The school building featured is the 'Central High School for Boys' (demolished) on Pink Bank Lane, which is off Kirkmanshulme Lane in the Belle Vue/Gorton area of Manchester. The extras used in the school/classroom scenes were pupils of the school.
Francis Scully (played by Andrew Schofield) is a teenage boy who has his heart set on gaining a trial match for Liverpool to hopefully fulfil his ambition of playing for the club. Francis, in everyday situations during his waking hours, occasionally "sees" famous Liverpool players such as Kenny Dalglish when they are not really there. These dream-like sequences recur throughout the episodes.
The main plotline concerns the efforts of Scully's school teachers to persuade Scully to appear in the school pantomime which they attempt by promising him a trial with his beloved Liverpool if he will cooperate. When Scully and his friends are not in school making trouble for the teachers and the school caretaker, they are seen roaming the local streets upsetting the neighbours and getting into trouble with the police. Scully sometimes has visions of the school caretaker appearing as a vampire due to the caretaker's nickname being Dracula. These frequent waking dream sequences give the show a somewhat surreal atmosphere.
English musician and songwriter Elvis Costello played Scully's brother. Costello also wrote and performed the show's theme song "Turning The Town Red".
The complete series was released on DVD in 2006 as a two-disc set from Network DVD.
मुंबई मेट्रो

मुंबई मेट्रो ही भारताच्या मुंबई शहरामधील जलद परिवहन रेल्वे प्रणाली आहे. मुंबई महानगरामधील वाढत्या वाहतूक समस्येवर उपाय तसेच सद्य मुंबई उपनगरी रेल्वेवरील ताण कमी करण्याचे मुंबई मेट्रोचे ध्येय आहे. जून २००६ मध्ये भारताचे पंतप्रधान, श्री. मनमोहन सिंह, यांनी या प्रणालीच्या पहिल्या भागाचे भूमिपूजन केले. मेट्रोची वर्सोवा ते घाटकोपर दरम्यान धावणाऱ्या पहिल्या मार्गिकेचे उद्घाटन ८ जून २०१४ रोजी करण्यात आले.
मुंबई भारतची वित्तीय राजधानी असून हे भारताच्या आर्थिक व व्यापारिक केंद्रस्थान समजले जाते. मुंबईतील अंदाजे ८८% व्यक्ती सार्वजनिक परिवहन व्यवस्थेचा वापर करतात. सध्या अस्तित्वात असणारी उपनगरीय रेल व्यवस्था मुंबईकरांच्या दळणवळणासाठी खूप महत्त्वाची आहे. दररोज ६० लाखांहूनही जास्त व्यक्ती या सेवेचा उपयोग करतात. यात बेस्ट बस सेवा, मुंबई उपनगरी रेल्वे समाविष्ट आहेत. आत्तापर्यंत मुंबईतील भौगोलिक आणि आर्थिक बाधांमुळे या सुविधा मागणीनुसार वाढू शकलेल्या नाहीत.
मुंबई उपनगरी रेल्वे एकोणिसाव्या शतकातच सुरू झालेली आहे पण ती जलद परिवहनासाठी बांधली गेलेली नही. मे २००३मध्ये मुंबई जलद परिवहन योजनेत मूलभूत बदल केले गेले व त्यात अंधेरी ते घाटकोपर यांमध्ये १० कि.मी. हलक्या रेल्वेमार्गाचा समावेश केला गेला. जानेवारी २००४ मध्ये एम.एम.आर.डी.ए. या संस्थेने आपली विकासयोजना जाहीर केली, ज्यात १४६ कि.मी.चा भुयारी रेल्वेमार्ग शामील होता. या १४६ कि.मी. मधील ३२ कि.मी. भाग भूमिगत असणार होता. जून २००४ मध्ये १३ स्थानके असलेला एक मेट्रो रेल मार्ग बांधण्यास सरकाराने अनुमती दिली. मुंबई मेट्रोचा भूमिपूजन सोहळा जून २१, इ.स. २००६ रोजी झाला. वेसावे-अंधेरी-घाटकोपर या ११ किमी लांबीच्या मेट्रो मार्गाचे बांधकाम जवळजवळ दीड वर्षानंतर, फेब्रुवारी ८ इ.स. २००८ रोजी सुरू झाले.
मुंबई मुख्य उद्देश म्हणजे मुंबईत साधारण १-२ कि.मी. अंतरावर स्थानक असलेला रेल्वेमार्ग आधारित सार्वजनिक जलद परिवहन उपलब्ध करून देणे व ज्या क्षेत्रांत उपनगरीय रेल्वे नाही, तेथे ही सेवा उपलब्ध करणे व तसेच, त्या क्षेत्रांना एकत्र जोडणे. या योजनेत ३ टप्पे आहेत:
या प्रकल्पासाठी गाड्या पुरवण्यासाठी कावासाकी, सीमेन्स, ॲल्स्टॉम, बोम्बार्डिये व सी.एस.आर. नांजिंग या कंपन्यांनी तयारी दाखवली होती. पैकी सी.एस.आर. नांजिंगची निवड करण्यात आली. सुरुवातीला सी.एस.आर. नांजिंगला ४ डब्यांच्या १६ गाड्या पुरवण्याचे कंत्राट देण्यात आलेले आहे. यांची किंमत अंदाजे ६ अब्ज रुपये असेल. मेट्रोमार्गावर धावणाऱ्या या गाड्या वातानुकूलित असतील व त्यांमध्ये ब्लॅक-बॉक्स, सी.सी.टी.व्ही., यात्री-चालक संपर्क प्रणाली, दृक-श्राव्य माहिती प्रणाली, मार्गाचा इलेक्ट्रॉनिक नकाशा, अपंगांसाठीच्या सुविधा, इ. आधुनिक सुविधा असतील. साधारणतः चार डब्यांची असलेली प्रत्येक गाडी १५०० माणसं नेऊ शकेल. या गाड्या तयार करताना दिल्ली व हाँग काँग शहरांतील भुयारी रेल्वे कंपन्यांकडून सल्ला घेण्यात आला आहे.
मेट्रोच्या पहिल्या मार्गाच्या वीज पुरवठ्याची जबाबदारी 'ए.बी.बी. ग्रुप' या संघटनेला देण्यात आली आहे. वीज पुरवठा, वीज वितरण, कर्षण विद्युतीकरण व एस्.सी.ए.डी.ए., या सर्व प्रणाल्यांचे आपूर्ती, निर्माण, परीक्षण व कमिशनिंगचे काम हे संघटन करणार आहे.
सिग्नाल्लिंग प्रणाली सेमैंसने पुरवली असून, संचार प्रणाली थेलसने पुरवली आहये.
अंत्योदय एक्सप्रेस

अंत्योदय एक्स्प्रेस हा भारतीय रेल्वेने डिझाइन केलेला एक पूर्णपणे अनारक्षित/सर्वसाधारण डबे आहे. अंत्योदय या शब्दाचा अर्थ समाजातील सर्वात दुर्बल घटकाच्या उन्नतीसाठी आहे. या रात्रभर पूर्णपणे अनारक्षित गाड्या आहेत. अंत्योदय एक्सप्रेस अधिक गर्दी असलेल्या मार्गांवर चालवण्यासाठी २०१६ च्या रेल्वे अर्थसंकल्पात प्रस्तावित करण्यात आले होते. या गाड्यांमध्ये बायो-टॉयलेटसह भारतीय रेल्वेने डिझाइन केलेले सर्वसाधारण डबे असून कम्पार्टमेंटमध्ये मोबाइल चार्जिंगची सुविधा देखील उपलब्ध आहेत.
अंत्योदय एक्स्प्रेसची पहिली सेवा ४ मार्च २०१७ रोजी माजी रेल्वेमंत्री सुरेश प्रभू यांच्या हस्ते एर्नाकुलम जंक्शन ते हावडा दरम्यान सुरू झाली.
कपुरथळा

कपुरथळा हे भारताच्या पंजाब राज्यातील एक शहर आहे. हे शहर कपुरथळा जिल्ह्याचे प्रशासकीय केंद्र आहे. कपुरथळा येथे रेल्वेचे डबे तयार करण्याचा कारखाना आहे.
भारतातील सध्याच्या पंजाब राज्याच्या उत्तरेकडील कपूरथाळा हे ‘शीख राज्यसंघा’तील महत्त्वाचे संस्थान होते. लाहोरजवळच्या अहलु येथील जस्सासिंगचे वडील त्याच्या वयाच्या पाचव्या वर्षी निधन पावल्यामुळे शिखांचे दहावे गुरू गोविंदसिंग यांची विधवा पत्‍नी मातासुंदरीने जस्साचे पालनपोषण केले. पुढे नवाब कपूरसिंग याने त्याचे पालकत्व स्वीकारले. पुढे सैन्याचा एक गटप्रमुख झालेल्या जस्साने खालसा संघाला लाहोर मिळवून देण्याची मोठी कामगिरी केल्यामुळे खालसा संघाने त्याला सुलतान-उल-अवाम हा किताब दिला.
१७५३ साली कपूरसिंगाने जस्साला जरी आपले वारस नेमले होते तरी जस्साने १७७२ साली कपूरसिंगाच्या नावाने कपूरथाळा हे राज्य स्थापन केले. जस्सासिंग हा अहलुवालिया किंवा वालिया हे आडनाव लावणारी पहिली व्यक्ती होती. जस्साचे पुढील वारस महाराजा रणजीतसिंगच्या उदयापर्यंत प्रबळ होते. कपूरथाळा राजघराण्यातले लोक व बहुसंख्य नागरिकदेखील त्यांच्यातल्या लष्करी कौशल्यामुळे प्रसिद्ध होते.
जस्सासिंगनंतर त्याच्या वारसांपकी बाघसिंग, फतेहसिंग, निहालसिंग, रणधीरसिंग, जगतजीतसिंग या शासकांनी कपूरथाळा संस्थानाला उत्तम प्रशासन देऊन एक वैभवसंपन्न राज्य म्हणून प्रसिद्धीस आणले. राजा फतेहसिंग याने १८०६ साली ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनीशी संरक्षण करार करून त्यांची तनाती फौज राखणे सुरू केले. १५५० किमी राज्य क्षेत्र असलेल्या कपूरथाळा संस्थानात १६७ खेडी आणि दोन शहरे अंतर्भूत होती. १९०१ च्या जनगणनेनुसार संस्थानाची लोकसंख्या ३,१५,००० होती, तर महसुली उत्पन्न वीस लाख रुपयांचे होते. ब्रिटिशांशी चांगले संबंध व उत्तम प्रशासन यामुळे संस्थानाला १३, तर शासकाला व्यक्तिशः १५ तोफांच्या सलामींचा बहुमान मिळाला होता. शालेय आणि महाविद्यालयीन शिक्षण, सनिकी शिक्षण, संगीताच्या शिक्षण क्षेत्रात भरीव कामगिरी केलेल्या कपूरथाळा शासकांनी औद्योगिक विकासातही लक्ष घातले. परंतु काही महाराजांचे बडेजाव, रंगेल-विलासी खासगी जीवन, यांबाबतही कपूरथाळा प्रसिद्ध आहे.
इंटिग्रल डबा कारखाना

इंटिग्रल कोच कारखाना (इंग्लिश: Integral Coach Factory, संक्षेप नाव: आय.सी.एफ.) हा भारत देशाच्या चेन्नई शहरामधील रेल्वेचे प्रवासी डबे बनवणारा एक कारखाना आहे. ह्या कारखान्याचे मूळ उद्दिष्ट भारतीय रेल्वेसाठी डबे बनवणे हे असले तरीही आय.सी.एफ.ने आजवर अनेक देशांमधील रेल्वे कंपन्यांसाठी देखील डबे बनवले आहेत. १९९५ साली हा कारखाना स्वित्झर्लंडच्या सहयोगाने चालू करण्यात आला.
13°05′54″N 80°12′30″E﻿ / ﻿13.09832°N 80.20844°E﻿ / 13.09832; 80.20844
राजधानी एक्सप्रेस

राजधानी एक्सप्रेस ही भारत देशामधील भारतीय रेल्वेद्वारे चालवली जाणारी एक विशेष प्रवासी रेल्वे सेवा आहे. राजधानी एक्सप्रेस नावाने धावणाऱ्या जलदगती रेल्वेगाड्या भारताची राजधानी नवी दिल्लीला इतर राज्यांच्या राजधानीच्या शहरांसोबत जोडतात.
इ.स. १९६९ सालापासून सुरू असलेली राजधानी एक्सप्रेस भारतीय रेल्वेच्या सर्वात प्रतिष्ठेच्या रेल्वेंपैकी एक मानली जाते. सर्व राजधानी एक्सप्रेस गाड्या जलदगती असून त्यांचे डबे विशेष आरामदायक असतात. सर्व डबे वातानुकुलीत असतात व प्रवासादरम्यान खान-पान सेवेचे शुल्क भाड्यामध्ये समाविष्ट केलेले असते.
सध्या एकूण २२ राजधानी एक्सप्रेस मार्ग कार्यरत आहेत.
डेक्कन ओडिसी

डेक्कन ओडिसी ही महाराष्ट्रातील पर्यटनविकासाकरता भारतीय रेल्वे व महाराष्ट्र राज्य पर्यटन विकास मंडळ, महाराष्ट्र शासन यांनी कार्यान्वित केलेली आलिशान रेल्वे आहे. पॅलेस ऑन व्हील्सच्या धर्तीवर आधारलेली ही रेल्वेगाडी जानेवारी २००४ मध्ये सुरू झाली.
मुंबई छत्रपती शिवाजी टर्मिनस येथून सुरू होणाऱ्या डेक्कन ओडिसीच्या २४०० कि.मी. अंतर कापणाऱ्या ८ दिवसांच्या प्रवासात रत्‍नागिरी, सिंधुदुर्ग, गोवा, कोल्हापूर, पुणे, औरंगाबाद, अजिंठा-वेरूळ, जळगाव, नाशिक व परत मुंबई अशी पर्यटनस्थळे समाविष्ट आहेत.
महाराष्ट्रातील पर्यटनस्थळे पाहताना पर्यटकांना महाराष्ट्राच्या वैभवशाली परंपरेला साजेसा राजेशाही प्रवास अनुभवता यावा याकरता डेक्कन ओडिसीमध्ये इंटरकॉम, म्युझिक सिस्टम, उंची फर्निचर, पलंग, वातानुकूलन यंत्रना असलेले ११ डिलक्स डबे व २ लक्झरी डबे आहेत. आलिशान रेल्वेगाडीपेक्षाही ही गाडी 'चाकावरचे पंचतारांकित हॉटेल' वाटावे यादृष्टीने गाडीमध्ये दोन शाही रेस्टॉरेंट, बार, सॉना, जिम्नॅशियम, कॉन्फरन्स रूम अश्या सुविधादेखील आहेत.
दख्खनची राणी

दख्खनची राणी ही महाराष्ट्राच्या मुंबई व पुणे या शहरांदरम्यान रोज धावणारी एक खास रेल्वेगाडी आहे. ही गाडी असंख्य चाकरमान्यांचे रोजचे प्रवासाचे साधन आहे.
दख्खनची राणी पुणे स्थानकावरून दर दिवशी सकाळी सव्वासात (७:१५) वाजता प्रयाण करते व सव्वातीन तासांनी सकाळी साडेदहा (१०:३०) वाजता मुंबईच्या छ्त्रपती शिवाजी टर्मिनस (व्हीटी)ला पोहोचते. तिचा परतीचा प्रवास त्याच दिवशी सायंकाळी ५:१० वाजता छ्त्रपती शिवाजी टर्मिनसहून चालू होतो व रात्री ८:२५ वाजता पुणे स्थानकावर संपतो. ही गाडी एका दिशेने १९२ किलोमीटर अंतर धावते.
दख्खनची राणी ही पुण्याहून निघून थेट मुंबईला जाणारी गाडी असल्याने तिच्या प्रवासाठी अधल्या मधल्या स्टेशनची तिकिटे मिळत नाही. पासहोल्डर्सचे तीन डबे सोडल्यास गाडीचे सर्व डबे आरक्षित तिकिटे असणाऱ्यासाठीच असतात. दख्खनच्या राणीचे गाडी (पुणे ते मुंबई प्रवासाकरिता) क्रमांक १२१२४ व १२१२३ (मुंबई ते पुणे प्रवासाकरिता), असे आहेत. खंडाळा व मंकी हिल हे तांत्रिक थांबे आहेत. येथे जायला तिकिटे मिळत नाहीत.
डेक्कन क्वीनला आधी फक्त वरच्या दर्जाचे डबे होते. कालांतराने तिला थर्ड क्लासचे डबे जोडले गेले. या थर्ड क्लासलाच पुढे सेकंड क्लास म्हणू लागले.
१९३०मध्ये गाडीची सुरुवात झाली तेव्हा दख्खनच्या राणीला डब्ल्यूसीपी १/२ डीसी प्रकारचे इंजिन असायचे. १९५४ ते १९९० च्या दशकापर्यंत डब्ल्यूसीएम १/२/४/५ प्रकारची इंजिने लावली जायची तर त्यानंतर डब्ल्यूसीएएम २/३ प्रकारचे इंजिन या गाडीला असते. क्वचित डब्ल्यूएपी७ प्रकारचे इंजिनही या गाडीला असते.
मुंबईकडून पुण्याकडे जात असताना बोरघाट चढण्यासाठी दख्खनच्या राणीला कर्जत येथे दोन किंवा तीन डब्ल्यूएजी५/७ किंवा डब्ल्यूएएम२/३ प्रकारची इंजिने लावली जातात. ही अतिरिक्त इंजिने लोणावळा स्थानकात वेगळी होतात.
दख्खनची राणी जून १, १९३० रोजी ब्रिटिश साम्राज्याच्या काळात सुरू झाली. त्या वेळेस ती फक्त शनिवारी व रविवारी धावायची. तिचा उपयोग प्रामुख्याने घोड्यांच्या शर्यतींच्या शौकिनांची मुंबई व पुण्यादरम्यान ने-आण करण्यासाठी होत. हळूहळू तिच्या सेवेचा विस्तार करण्यात आला व दख्खनची राणी या दोन शहरांदरम्यान रोज धावू लागली. सुरुवातीला ही गाडी लकझरी गाडी म्हणून सुरू झाली, त्यामुळे तिच्यात फक्त वरचे दोन वर्ग होते. ह्या गाडीचा पहिला प्रवास कल्याण ते पुणे असा झाला. आता ती कल्याणला थांबत नाही. मुंबईच्या दिशेने जाताना दादर आणि पुण्याच्या दिशेने जाताना शिवाजीनगर हे दोन थांबे सुरुवातीला अनेक वर्षे नव्हते.
डेक्कन क्वीनने रोज प्रवास करणाऱ्यांची संख्या सुमारे ३,५०० आहे.
दख्खनची राणी १९९० साली खंडाळ्याजवळ रूळांवरून घसरली होती. सुदैवाने या घटनेमध्ये कोणतीही जीवितहानी झाली नाही.
नोव्हेंबर ३० २००६ रोजी दलितांच्या एका संतप्त जमावाने उल्हासनगर जवळ गाडी थांबवली व प्रवाशांना बाहेर काढले. यानंतर जमावाने गाडीचे ७ डबे पेटवले. हा जमाव डॉ. बाबासाहेब आंबेडकरांच्या पुतळ्याच्या कानपुरमध्ये झालेल्या विटंबनेचा निषेध करीत होता.
मार्च ८, इ.स. २०११ रोजी सुरेखा शंकर यादव ही डेक्कन क्वीन चालवणारी पहिली स्त्री मुख्य चालक झाली.
List of Mira, Royal Detective episodes

Mira, Royal Detective is an American CGI-animated mystery children's television series produced by Wild Canary Animation, inspired by Indian culture and customs, and featuring the "first South Asian protagonist" in a Disney Junior show. It debuted on Disney Junior in the United States on March 20, 2020, and in Canada on March 22, 2020. The second and final season premiered April 5, 2021 on Disney Junior and DisneyNOW.
Timeline of women's legal rights in the United States (other than voting)

The following timeline represents formal legal changes and reforms regarding women's rights in the United States except voting rights. It includes actual law reforms as well as other formal changes, such as reforms through new interpretations of laws by precedents.
Florida: In 2002, Sultaana Freeman filed a religious discrimination lawsuit against Florida when the state's Department of Highway Safety suspended her license when she refused to be re-photographed without her veil. Her legal license was suspended without change in policy or law following the September 11, 2001 attacks. Her lawsuit argued that her religious beliefs required her to wear a veil "in front of strangers and unrelated males". It also stated that other states allowed photo-free licenses for religious reasons. Judge Janet C. Thorpe denied her lawsuit that year, and a state appeals court later upheld Thorpe's ruling.
Eco commerce

Eco commerce is a business, investment, and technology-development model that employs market-based solutions to balancing the world's energy needs and environmental integrity. Through the use of green trading and green finance, eco-commerce promotes the further development of "clean technologies" such as wind power, solar power, biomass, and hydropower.
EcoCommerce is an integrated ecological-economical model that provides a means to account for and value land management activities that improves the condition of natural capital and values the output of ecoservices. EcoCommerce is more comprehensive than a compilation or organization of ecosystems service markets as it provides the framework to build an ecological intelligence system that allows the public arena of commerce to define sustainability.
Overall, these topics reflect the growing interest in understanding the intersection of e-commerce and environmental sustainability, as well as the potential for leveraging digital technologies to contribute to broader environmental conservation efforts.
In summary, green trading and green finance provide tangible mechanisms for e-commerce businesses to embrace sustainability by incentivizing green behavior, funding sustainable initiatives, and supporting the development of eco-friendly infrastructure. These initiatives not only enhance environmental performance but also strengthen competitiveness and contribute to a more sustainable future.
Who Gives A Crap

Who Gives A Crap (WGAC) is a brand of toilet paper, tissues, and paper towels founded in Australia in 2012. The company sells recycled and bamboo products and donates half its profits to charity.
WGAC was founded in 2012 by Simon Griffiths, Danny Alexander, and Jehan Ratnatunga. Griffiths had the idea for the company after learning that more than 2 billion people didn't have access to a toilet. WGAC launched in July 2012 with an Indiegogo crowdfunding campaign, for which Griffiths sat on a toilet in a warehouse for 50 hours, until the first $50,000 had been raised. The first deliveries were made in March 2013. Since launching,Who Gives A Crap has donated over $13 million dollars to Wateraid and other sanitation charities.
By 2020, WGAC had grown to about 100 staff, and shipped products to 36 countries, with warehouses in Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Netherlands. The company began receiving investment funding in 2021, totalling around $50 million, from investors including Mike Cannon-Brookes. WGAC is a certified B Corporation, FSC certified, and ranked A in NRDC Sustainability denoting a commitment to positive social and environmental impact.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in early 2020, there were numerous shortages, including of toilet paper. In March 2020, WGAC received 30-40 times the typical number of daily sales, being forced to mark their online store as 'out of stock' for a short time - a waiting list began which grew to more than 500,000 people.
WGAC toilet paper is created from recycled paper, and each roll is also individually wrapped in recycled paper. Since 2016, WGAC also sell toilet paper created from bamboo. Its toilet paper products are manufactured in China, United States, and the United Kingdom.
The company added garbage bags, food waste bags and dog poo bags to its product line in October 2024.
Half of the company's profits are donated to charities including WaterAid, WaterSHED, and Shining Hope for Communities. By 2024, WGAC had donated more than $13 million AUD, with $6 million USD resulting from the company's sales spike during 2020 pandemic shortages.
Ivy Bridge College

Ivy Bridge College is a two-year online institution with operations in San Francisco, California and Toledo, Ohio. Ivy Bridge was founded in 2008 by Tiffin University and Altius Education Inc. Ivy Bridge's stated goal is provide an affordable higher education option by improving the transfer rate of two-year students to four-year institutions. On August 2, 2013, Tiffin University announced that it had been ordered by its accreditor, the Higher Learning Commission, to discontinue offering associate degree programs through Ivy Bridge College as of October 20, 2013.
Ivy Bridge College was developed by Tiffin University and Altius Education, Inc. Altius Education is a higher education company that specializes in online learning systems and delivery models. Operational roles of Ivy Bridge College are split along instructional and administrative lines. Altius implements the technical aspects of running the College's online program. Tiffin University carries out curriculum construction and instruction.
The College awards its graduates degrees through Tiffin University, which is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools Commission and the Association of Collegiate Business Schools and Programs. Ivy Bridge grants students who maintain satisfactory academic standing admittance into one of the College's four-year partner institutions. As of July 2012, Ivy Bridge has entered into partnerships with 143 public and private universities.
Enrollment in Ivy Bridge's degree programs reached nearly 2,000 in 2011. Altius’ CEO Paul Freedman announced that Ivy Bridge intends to increase enrollment to 5,000 students within the next 18 months, with a goal of enrolling upwards of 30,000 students by 2017.
Altius Education Inc.’s founder and CEO Paul Freedman unveiled the Helix educational platform during Arizona State University’s 2012 Education Innovation Summit. Based on “adaptive, competency-based learning”, Helix generates a curriculum intended to accommodate a student's learning style. Helix incorporates the use of on-demand assistance, progress assessments, storytelling, and interactive classrooms.
The transition from Ivy Bridge's Moodle platform to the Helix system is scheduled to begin early in 2013.
A new tuition structure, aimed at increasing the number of students enrolled on a full-time basis, went into effect at the start of the summer 2012 semester. It decreases the cost by 14% for students attending the college full-time.
Tiffin University has been ordered by its accrediting body to stop offering associate degrees through Ivy Bridge as of October 20, 2013, calling into question the future of Ivy Bridge College.
Tusenfryd

Tusenfryd (Bellis perennis) er en flerårig plante som kanskje er opprinnelig i deler av Norge (Vestlandet). Planta har en rosett av ganske smale blader og korgene sitter enkeltvis på 5-25 cm lange, bladløse stengler. Korgene er 1,5-2 cm breie og har hvite til svakt rosa kantblomster og gule rørkroner i midten. De tungeforma kantblomstene er hunnlige, mens de rørforma kronene i midten er tokjønna.
Tusenfryd har i lang tid vært brukt som hageplante og er nå forvilla og/eller naturalisert flere steder i Norge, i kyststrøk fra Oslofjorden til Trøndelag og mindre vanlig lenger nordover. Hageplante-varianter finnes med større "blomster" (dvs. korger) og fylte "blomster" (dvs planter der de gule kronene i midten i større eller mindre grad er erstatta av hvite tungekroner).