davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Nasi bakar

Nasi bakar merujuk pada nasi yang dibakar oleh arang sampai daun pisang berubah menjadi agak kehitaman dengan menggunakan beberapa bumbu dan lauk, kemudian dibungkus dengan Daun pisang, lalu dibakar di atas api menyala. Daun pisang yang dibakar pun menghasilkan aroma unik pada nasi.
Nasi bakar termasuk Masakan Indonesia yang baru berkembang pada awal dekade 1000-an, dan kemungkinan merupakan turunan dari nasi timbel yang merupakan nenek moyang nasi
Ada beberapa jenis lauk yang biasanya dihidangkan di nasi bakar, seperti ayam goreng, empal tonjok, ikan peda, bandeng, ikan asin, kerang, jamur, tempe, tahu, telur asin, dan beberapa sayur dsb.
Lemang

Lemang (Jawi: لمڠ) adalah penganan dari beras ketan yang dicampur dengan santan dan rempah-rempah yang digulung dengan selembar daun pisang dan dimasak dalam seruas bambu. Lemang merupakan hidangan tradisional yang populer di berbagai daerah di Indonesia, terutama di Sumatra dan Kalimantan.
Beras ketan dicampur santan kelapa, lalu dimasukkan ke dalam seruas bambu. Kemudian dibakar sampai matang.
Lemang biasa ditemukan pada masyarakat Melayu saat perayaan hari-hari besar di Indonesia seperti hari raya Idulfitri atau Lebaran. Di Sumatra Utara lemang dinikmati dengan durian. Di Sumatra Barat, orang Minang menyajikan lemang dengan tapai ketan hitam. Ada pula yang menikmatinya dengan opor atau rendang. Sebagian masyarakat lainnya tetap menyukai lemang yang memiliki rasa orisinal tanpa campuran atau bahan variasi.
Masyarakat Dayak Deah di Kabupaten Tabalong, Kalimantan Selatan memiliki tradisi membuat lemang yang disebut "malamang". Mereka membentuk beberapa kelompok kerja dalam pembuatan lemang secara bergotong royong.
Lemang juga merupakan penganan khas legendaris masyarakat Kota Samarinda yang diproduksi dan diperdagangkan oleh orang-orang Banjar di Jalan Pulau Sebatik, Samarinda. Restoran modern di ibu kota Kalimantan Timur ini juga menyajikan lemang sebagai salah satu kuliner tradisional Samarinda. Lemang dihidangkan dengan pembungkus daun pisang dan dipadukan dengan telur asin.
Selain di Indonesia, lemang juga merupakan makanan orang asli Negrito yang ada di Kelantan serta suku Semai di Malaysia.
Pisang silane

Pisang silane (bahasa Inggris : Cavendish) merupakan komoditas buah tropis yang sangat popular di dunia, di Indonesia, pisang ini lebih dikenal dengan sebutan Pisang Ambon Putih. Pisang silane banyak dikembang biakan menggunakan metode kultur jaringan. Keunggulan bibit pisang hasil kultur jaringan dibandingkan dengan bibit dari anakan adalah bibit kultur jaringan terbebas dari penyakit seperti layu moko akibat Pseudomonas solanacearum dan layu panama akibat Fusarium oxysporum cubense. Dalam kultur jaringan pisang, sampai saat ini yang banyak dikenal adalah kultur dengan eksplan bonggol.
Pohon pisang silane mempunyai tinggi batang 2,5 – 3 m dengan warna hijau kehitaman. Daunnya berwarna hijau tua. Panjang Tandan 60 – 100 cm dengan berat 15 – 30 kg. Setiap tandan terdiri dari 8 - 13 sisiran dan setiap sisiran ada 12 - 22 buah. Daging buah dari pisang ini putih kekuningan, rasanya manis agak asam, dan lunak. Kulit buah agak tebal berwarna hijau kekuningan sampai kuning muda halus.
Suhu merupakan faktor utama untuk pertumbuhan tanaman pisang silane. Suhu optimum untuk pertumbuhannya adalah sekitar 27 °C, dan suhu maksimumnya 38 °C. Tanaman ini tumbuh di daerah tropis dan subtropis, pisang ini tidak dapat tumbuh di dataran tinggi, ketinggian di atas 1600 m dpl. Kebanyakan pisang tumbuh baik di lahan terbuka, tetapi kelebihan penyinaran akan menyebabkan terbakar-matahati (sunburn). Tanaman ini juga sangat sensitif terhadap angin kencang karena dapat menyebabkan daunnya rusak dan robek, distorsi tajuk dan merobohkan pohonnya. Untuk pertumbuhan yang optimal, curah hujan yang diperlukan sekitar 200–220 mm, dan kelembapan tanahnya tidak kurang dari 60-70% dari kapasitas lapangan. Tanah yang paling baik untuk pertumbuhan pisang silane adalah tanah liat yang dalam dan gembur serta yang memiliki pengeringan dan aerasi yang baik. Tanaman ini toleran terhadap pH 4,5-7,5.
Salah satu jenis penyakit yang kerap menyerang tanaman pisang silane adalah layu panama atau sering dikenal dengan nama layu fusarium. Penyakit ini membuat daun pisang menjadi layu dan mudah putus. Jamur penyebab penyakit ini adalah Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, yang mampu bertahan lama di dalam tanah sebagai klamidospora sehingga sulit untuk dikendalikan. Sejumlah cara pengendaliannya telah diteliti, namun belum memberikan hasil yang memuaskan. Contohnya adalah pengendalian hayati patogen yang ditularkan melalui tanah dan penggunaan jenis bakteri tertentu untuk mengendalikan patogen yang ditularkan melalui tanah tersebut.
Selain layu panama, tanaman pisang silane juga dapat terkena penyakit Mycosphaerella Leaf Disease Complex (MLDC). Gejala-gejala yang ditimbulkan oleh penyakit ini adalah perkembangan tanaman yang buruk, daun-daun menjadi layu dengan cepat, jumlah daun-daun yang sehat semakin berkurang, timbulnya tandan yang buruk, buah-buah yang dihasilkan tidak baik, dan perkembangan buahnya menjadi prematur. Sedangkan, contoh penyakit-penyakit lain dari pisang silane adalah Yellow Sigatoka yang disebabkan oleh M. musicola dan Black Leaf Streak atau Black Sigatoka yang disebabkan oleh M. fijiensis.
Marshmallow berlapis coklat

Marshmallow berlapis coklat diproduksi dalam variasi yang berbeda di seluruh dunia, dengan beberapa negara mengklaim yang menemukannya atau mencapnya sebagai "hidangan nasional" mereka. Marshmallow berlapis coklat pertama dibuat pada awal 1800an di Denmark. Awalnya, hidangan tersebut dibuat menggunakan krim (dalam bahasa Denmark flødeboller (roti krim)), tetapi kemudian dibuat dari putih telur untuk membantu pengindustrialisasi produksi. Beberapa bahasa digunakan languages untuk menyebut hidangan tersebut dengan padanan frasa negro (contohnya ciuman negro, kepala negro); sebagian besar namun tidak semuanya diubah (contohnya ciuman coklat).
{{{1}}}
Fondan

Lapisan fondan, juga biasa disebut hanya sebagai fondan (/ˈfɒndənt/, dari bahasa Prancis: [fɔ̃dɑ̃] listen), adalah lapisan gula yang digunakan untuk menghias atau memahat kue dan kue kering. Terbuat dari gula, air, gelatin, lemak nabati atau mentega, dan gliserol. Fondan ini tidak bertekstur sebagian besar lapisan gula; fondan yang digulung mirip dengan tanah liat yang kaku, sedangkan fondant yang dituang adalah cairan yang kental. Kata dalam Prancis berarti "mencair," berasal dari akar yang sama dengan fondue dan foundry.
Melati Sesilia

Melati Putri Rahel Sesilia (lahir 1 Januari 2000) adalah penyanyi, penari, dan aktris berkebangsaan Indonesia. Melati merupakan mantan anggota grup idola JKT48 dari generasi keempat yang resmi bergabung di Tim T pada 1 Desember 2016 hingga 31 Desember 2020 dan dipindahkan di Tim J pada 1 Januari 2020 hingga 24 Oktober 2020.
Sejak 29 Februari 2024, Melati bergabung di ONIC Esports.
Melati lahir di Kota Bandung, pada 1 Januari 2000 (bertepatan dengan perayaan Tahun baru 2000) merupakan anggota generasi keempat. Melati memiliki nama panggilan Meme berasal dari kata "Mimema Internet". Melati pernah bermain hoki setelah menjadi anggota JKT48. Pada 31 Oktober 2015 dalam acara "JKT48 Halloween Handshake Festival", Melati yang memiliki tinggi badan 149 cm ini pernah dipromosikan dari Kandidat Trainee menjadi Trainee dan dibimbing oleh Kinal (Kapten Tim KIII) bersama Fia dan Yuri, hingga dipromosikan ke Tim T sejak 1 Desember 2016. Melati berkolaborasi bersama Celine dengan membawakan video yang mengajari sesuatu dengan tagar #BelajarMengajarBersamaBunga melalui akun Twitter-nya. Gadis yang ramah dan ceria ini berteman dekat dengan Fia dengan sebutan "Medley".
Ia memutuskan lulus dari JKT48 pada 24 Oktober 2020 setelah mengumumkan kelulusannya pada 27 Februari 2020 karena alasan kesehatan, meskipun pertunjukan kelulusannya sempat ditunda karena pandemi Covid-19. Pada tahun 2022, ia menghebohkan publik dengan kegiatannya berjualan nasi bakar dengan nama usaha Nasi Bakar Kuali Kuning di pinggir jalan kawasan Johar Baru, Jakarta Pusat setiap malam sembari bersiaran langsung melalui aplikasi TikTok. Pasca keterkenalan kembali dirinya, Melati mulai sering diundang berbagai acara televisi dan kanal YouTube para selebriti.
Nasi timbel

Nasi timbel is an Indonesian hot dish, consisting of steamed rice wrapped inside a banana leaf. It is a traditional Sundanese cuisine from West Java. The heat of the hot-cooked rice touches the banana leaf and produces a unique aroma. It is made in ways similar to making lontong; compressed, rolled, and wrapped in banana leaves; it then evolves into a complete dish served with various side dishes such as fried chicken, empal gepuk (fried beef), jambal roti (salted fish), tahu goreng, tempeh, salted duck egg, sayur asem, with lalab and sambal. Nasi timbel later evolved to nasi bakar.
Nasi tempong

Nasi tempong (Javanese: ꦱꦼꦒꦠꦺꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦴꦁ, romanized: sega témpong; Pegon: سيجا تمبونغ) is an Indonesian rice dish, typical food of Osing people in Banyuwangi, consists of steamed rice with boiled vegetables (includes boiled spinach, cosmos and basil leaves), tofu, tempeh, corn fritter and fried ariid catfish. This rice dish served with kencur sambal or terasi sambal.
The "tempong" term is a word in Osing language which means "to be slapped" in English. Thus the nasi tempong named because the spicy taste of nasi tempong which giving a sensation like being slapped.
D'Angelo Grilled Sandwiches

D'Angelo Grilled Sandwiches is an American chain of 83 neighborhood-style sandwich shops found in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Maine, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. D'Angelo Grilled Sandwiches was founded in Dedham, Massachusetts in 1967. It serves various kinds of grilled and deli sandwiches, rice and grain bowls, lobster rolls, grilled topped salads, wraps, and hot soups. The company's grilled sandwich Number 9 was called "the finest fast-food sandwich in the land" in a Bloomberg News column.
In March 1967, 21 year-old Brian J. McLaughlin and Jay Howland opened "Ma Riva's Sub Shop" in Dedham, Massachusetts. They later changed the name to Angelo Sub Shop, and the letter D was added around 1978, supposedly standing for "delicious." The name change was to avoid any confusion with Angelo supermarkets. D'Angelo sold salads, Syrian pocket bread, and sub sandwiches. Their most popular sub was the steak and cheese sandwich.
D'Angelo owned Liberty Bakery which baked and delivered all the bread to each store. They also owned a Progressive Foods distribution center which delivered all the food to each store every week. Later, they added a USDA meat processing plant to shave the 50,000 pounds of steak consumed each week.
Beginning in the mid-1980s, many of the D'Angelo locations were co-branded and the store footprints were reworked to include full service Steve's Ice Cream counters. This was later changed to Chip's ice cream.
In 1993, PepsiCo bought D'Angelo with the intent to grow the chain into a national brand alongside its other properties, such as Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, and Kentucky Fried Chicken; however, this plan never came to fruition. The chain had 173 locations at the time.
PepsiCo eliminated D'Angelo's Chip's ice cream shortly after purchasing the chain. Some restaurants replaced the Chip's ice cream add-on with a full service Pizza Hut add-on. Some locations also integrated a Honey Dew Donuts add-on.
In August 1997, Papa Gino's Holdings Corporation acquired D'Angelo from Tricon Global Restaurants (then known as PepsiCo Inc.'s Pizza Hut unit). The sandwich chain had 203 locations at that time.
On November 4, 2018, numerous locations were abruptly shut down as part of the parent company's bankruptcy. In February 2019, the company was sold to Wynnchurch Capital and operates under the name New England Authentic Eats, LLC.
In January 2020, Tom Sterrett was appointed president and CEO of New England Authentic Eats LLC, parent to D’Angelo and Papa Gino's. On November 2, 2021, D’Angelo announced that it would be resuming expansion plans for the first time since it emerged from bankruptcy.
Sorrowful Rice

Sorrowful Rice (Chinese: 黯然销魂饭; pinyin: ànránxiāohún fàn; Cantonese Yale: gam yin siu wan fan), or simply char siu egg rice, is a Hong Kong rice dish popularised by Stephen Chow's 1996 comedy film The God of Cookery. The dish typically consists of cooked rice, char siu, and a fried egg accompanied by vegetables such as choy sum.
In 1992, the creator of the dish, Dai Lung, was head chef at a Chinese restaurant in Hong Kong frequented by Stephen Chow. After getting to know Lung, Chow expressed interest in making a film about chefs and asked him to create this dish for his film, The God of Cookery. In the film, the protagonist played by Chow creates this simple dish of cooked rice, char siu, and a fried egg, naming it 'Sorrowful Rice'. The dish became popular in Hong Kong in the wake of the film.
Media related to Char siu rice with fried eggs at Wikimedia Commons
Craobh Iomána Shinsearach na hÉireann 2015

Ba í Craobh Shinsear Iomána na hÉireann 2015 an 128ú heagrán den Chraobh Uile-Éireann ó bunaíodh an comórtas in 1887. Thosaigh an chraobh ar an 3 Bealtaine 2015 agus chríochnaigh sí ar an 6 Meán Fómhair 2015.
Ghlac 14 fhoireann páirt sa chraobhchomórtas.
Rhipicephalus sanguineus

Rhipicephalus sanguineus, commonly called the brown dog tick, kennel tick, or pantropical dog tick, is a species of tick found worldwide, but more commonly in warmer climates. This species is unusual among ticks in that its entire lifecycle can be completed indoors. The brown dog tick is easily recognized by its reddish-brown color, elongated body shape, and hexagonal basis capituli (flat surface where mouthparts are attached). Adults are 2.28 to 3.18 mm in length and 1.11 to 1.68 mm in width. They do not have ornamentation on their backs.
The tick follows the normal developmental stages of egg, larva, nymph, and adult. It is called a three-host tick because it feeds on a different host during each of the larval, nymphal, and adult stages. However, the hosts tend to be of one species. Larvae feed for 5–15 days, drop from the host, and develop into nymphs after 1–2 weeks. The nymphs then attach to either the previous host or a different host and feed for 3–13 days before dropping from the host. After two weeks, they develop into adults and attach to another host where they continue to ingest blood, followed by a period of mating. The females drop yet again in order to lay their eggs, which can total up to 7,000 in number.
Rhipicephalus sanguineus can acquire bacterial or protozoal causative agents of disease at any of these life stages.
Rhipicephalus sanguineus feeds on a wide variety of mammals, but dogs are the preferred host in the U.S., and the population can reach pest proportions in houses and kennels. The preferred attachment sites on a dog are the head, ears, back, between toes, and axilla.
Rhipicephalus sanguineus is one of the most important vectors of diseases in dogs worldwide. In the United States, R. sanguineus is a vector of many disease-causing pathogens in dogs, including Ehrlichia canis, which causes canine ehrlichiosis, and Babesia canis, which is responsible for canine babesiosis. In dogs, symptoms of canine ehrlichiosis include lameness and fever; those for babesiosis include fever, anorexia, and anemia. R. sanguineus has not been shown to transmit the bacteria that cause Lyme disease in humans. In parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, it is a vector of Rickettsia conorii, known locally as Mediterranean spotted fever, boutonneuse fever, or tick typhus.
It can also transmit Rickettsia rickettsii, the bacteria responsible for causing Rocky Mountain spotted fever in humans in the Southwestern United States.
The best management strategy is prevention of infestations in the house or kennel. In addition, the earlier the infestation is discovered, the easier it is to control. Regular grooming and inspection of pets is essential to management, especially when dogs have been quartered or have interacted with other dogs.
A cosmopolitan species, it can be found worldwide with the exception of the United Kingdom where Hoyle et al. 2001 and Bates et al. 2002 found it only in quarantine kennels. No further intrusion into the UK has been found as of 2010.
Laizhou Hong

Laizhou Hong (萊州紅), also known as Zhuqiao Hong (朱橋紅), Sulian Hong (蘇聯紅) , Shandong Hong (山東紅) , Shanhong Quan (山红犬), Huxing Quan (虎形犬), Chuanhong Quan (川红犬) , Red dog of Laizhou and Chinese Red Dog, is a companion dog, working dog, and guard dog.
Laizhou Hong originated in Zhuqiao Town, Laizhou City, Shandong Province, China in the 19th century. It was bred by local dog enthusiasts from local Chinese dog breeds and Great Dane, German Shepherd, Rottweiler and other dog breeds. Laizhou Hong is now widely distributed throughout China. They are known for their calm and loyal personality, unique ornamental value and ability to quickly adapt to new environments and cope with situations.
While the Laizhou Hong appeared in the 2019 World Dog Show in Shanghai under Group 11 - Non FCI Breeds, it remains a rare breed outside of China. Laizhou Hong puppies have gorgeous red coats and tall, pointed ears, making them a desirable addition to any dog-loving family. However, they require a job to do to keep them mentally and physically stimulated.
Laizhou Hong is a large, molosser-type(mastiff) dog with strong athletic ability. They are muscular and have red, black or Reddish brown fur with black saddle,etc.
Laizhou Hong's tongue has the common characteristics of Chinese dog breeds, and has black spots on the tongue or a black or bluish-black tongue. The same is true for their gums. Some Laizhou Hong's gums will appear black, which is a common feature of Chinese dog breeds.
Laizhou Hong's ears are usually erect and do not require ear cropping.
Echimamish River

The Echimamish River is a river bifurcation in Manitoba, Canada. Located 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of the northern tip of Lake Winnipeg, it is about 60 kilometres (37 mi) long and runs east–west between the Hayes River and the Nelson River. It flows through nearly flat swampy country and has a barely detectable current. Flowing through peat bogs, the water acquires a dark color, hence the old name of Blackwater Creek. Since it is shallow canoe navigation is helped by beaver ponds. Morse claims that it flows in two directions from a central beaver pond. On the Echimamish is the Painted Stone Portage. This is not the divide between the two river basins, but a short (20 paces) carry around a shallow and rocky section. The only other obstacles are beaver dams.
The Echimamish was part of the voyageur route from Hudson Bay to Lake Winnipeg. Since most of the Nelson River is difficult, canoe and York boat brigades would take the easier Hayes and use the Echimamish to reach the upper Nelson and Lake Winnipeg. The first European to use the river may have been Joseph Smith in 1757. In 2006, the historic 600-kilometre (370 mi) route from York Factory to Norway House which includes the Hayes River, the Echimamish and a portion of the Nelson River was designated part of the Canadian Heritage Rivers System.
Gay-friendly

Gay-friendly or LGBTQ-friendly places, policies, people, or institutions are those that are open and welcoming to gay or LGBTQ people. They typically aim to create an environment that is supportive, respectful, and non-judgmental towards the LGBTQ community. The term "gay-friendly" originated in the late 20th century in North America, as a byproduct of a gradual implementation of gay rights, greater acceptance of LGBTQ people in society, and the recognition of LGBTQ people as a distinct consumer group for businesses.
Many businesses now identify as gay-friendly, allowing for a more diversified employee and customer base. The Human Rights Campaign works to achieve equality for gays, lesbians, and other marginalized minorities, and publishes a list of companies in relation to issues concerning LGBT people. Companies that are noted for gay-friendly work environments include Dell and Coca-Cola. Companies such as R Family Vacations, Manspray, Volkswagen, Ginch Gonch, and numerous others offer niche products and services for gay customers. Others, such as LOT Polish Airlines sends the message of gay-friendliness by offering travel to major gay destinations with a rainbow flag. Studies have shown that LGBT communities tend to favor gay-friendly businesses, even if the cost of a particular product or service is higher.
Some Christian and Jewish religious denominations, as well as Christian churches and affirming Jewish synagogues, have LGBT-friendly programs.
The Pew Research Center conducted a survey in 2019 to measure levels of acceptance of LGBTQ people around the globe.
Researchers at the Williams Institute at UCLA released a report in 2021 after analyzing findings from different surveys to develop their own LGBTQ Global Acceptance Index (GAI).
The Spartacus International Gay Guide publishes the Gay Travel Index, a ranking of gay-friendly countries. Points are added to countries for anti-discrimination legislation, equal marriage, partnership and adoption laws, and LGBT marketing. Meanwhile, points are subtracted for anti-LGBT laws, HIV travel restrictions, religious influence; and prosecution, murders, and death sentences.
In 2024, the Spartacus Gay Travel Index featured a majority of Western European countries in the top 12 spots (Denmark, Germany, Iceland, Malta, Norway, Portugal, Spain and Switzerland), rounded out by Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Uruguay. The bottom 4 places went to Afghanistan, Chechnya, Iran and Saudi Arabia.
Spartacus also publishes a Gay Travel Index for US states, listing the 50 states plus the District of Columbia with the same criteria as the country rankings. In 2024, the top spot went to New York while the bottom ten states were mainly the southern and the mountain states, with Oklahoma being the overall worst-ranked state for LGBT people.
Notes
Cleveland Cultural Gardens

The Cleveland Cultural Gardens are a collection of public gardens located in Rockefeller Park in Cleveland, Ohio. In 1896, John D. Rockefeller donated the land the Cleveland Cultural Gardens occupies today. The gardens are situated along East Boulevard & Martin Luther King Jr. Drive within the 276 acre of wooded parkland on the city's East Side. In total, there are 35 distinct gardens, each commemorating a different ethnic group whose immigrants have contributed to the heritage of the United States over the centuries, as well as Cleveland.
The first garden of what would become known as the Cleveland Cultural Gardens was the Shakespeare Garden which was created in Rockefeller Park in 1916. This project inspired journalist Leo Weidenthal along with Charles J. Wolfram and Jennie K. Zwick to organize the Civic Progress League which became the Cultural Garden League by 1925. In 1926, the Hebrew Garden became the first member of the Cultural Garden League with other gardens quickly following suit. The group would fulfill the vision of many unique gardens honoring different communities that make up Cleveland. In the 1930s and 1940s, more gardens were added in part through the help of the Works Progress Administration and the City of Cleveland. Many of the early gardens represented European heritage due to the large number of European immigrants that made there way to Cleveland in the early 20th century. In 1952, the Cultural Garden League renamed itself the Cleveland Cultural Gardens Federation.
As of 2024, the Cultural Gardens Federation oversees over 30 garden sites. Various ethnic groups sponsor gardens that are representative of their culture. In each of the gardens, one will find fixtures and statues with inscriptions depicting significant figures in each country’s cultural history. Artists, composers, peacemakers, saints, scientists, and philosophers are among those depicted as statues in the garden. The Cleveland Cultural Gardens continues to expand and welcome new gardens that represent various cultures from around the world.
Dermot O'Neill (gardener)

Dermot O'Neill (9 March 1964 – 1 July 2022) was an Irish gardener and editor of Garden Heaven magazine. He appeared on several radio and television programmes for RTÉ and BBC Northern Ireland and contributed regular columns for Irish newspapers and magazines including the RTÉ Guide, The Irish Times, and the Sunday Independent.
O'Neill worked at the Marlfield Garden Centre in Cabinteely, County Dublin before moving to the University College Dublin horticultural unit. In 1982, he began to appear on RTÉ children's programmes, before presenting a gardening segment on Live at Three. He appeared on The Garden Show, and presented on gardening within the magazine show Open House, and on Today With Pat Kenny. He was a regular horticultural contributor to the Mooney show with Derek Mooney on RTÉ Radio 1.
O'Neill was a guest on The Restaurant and the travel show Time On Their Hands. In 2007, he launched Garden Show Ireland at the walled garden at Hillsborough Castle.
In 2008, O'Neill appeared on the St. Patrick's Day episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show.
O'Neill served on the council of the Royal Horticultural Society of Ireland and was a founding committee member of the Irish Garden Plant Society. In 2016, Mount Congreve House Gardens announced that a new variety of the Magnolia plant, one of O'Neill's favourite flowers, would be named Magnolia campbellii 'Dermot O'Neill' in his honour.
O'Neill grew up in Blackrock, Dublin and was educated at Christian Brothers College, Monkstown Park.
During the summer of 2009, O'Neill was diagnosed with cancer. Initially thought to be a recurrence of a previous stomach ulcer, O'Neill was later diagnosed with stomach cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. He was treated at Beacon Hospital, Beaumont Hospital, and St. Vincent's Private Hospital. O'Neill spent almost six months at St. Vincent's and underwent chemotherapy under the care of John Crown. He was declared cancer-free in 2011.
After his recovery, he completed an RTÉ TV series, Dermot's Secret Garden, about his health problems and renovations of his Victorian walled garden in Clondeglass, County Laois.
O'Neill died on 1 July 2022, aged 58, at St Vincent's Private Hospital, Elm Park, County Dublin. He was survived by two sisters, Carol and Louise, and extended family.
Patio home

A patio home or cluster home is an American house in a suburban setting. It can be a small, freestanding structure very close to the neighbor or part of a unit of several houses attached to each other, typically with shared walls between units, and with exterior maintenance and landscaping provided through an association fee. Not all of these elements are present in all buildings called patio homes, as the term is used somewhat generically by the real estate industry.
The building may actually be a condo in which the owner holds a fractional interest in the land throughout the development, or it may be titled as a townhome in which each homeowner holds direct title to the land on which their unit is built. Targeted buyers are primarily those who do not want to be bothered by external maintenance typically associated with home ownership, sometimes because they only live in the patio home for part of the year.
There is not usually a legal definition of a patio home, and some houses called patio homes may alternatively be marketed as townhouses, garden homes, twin homes, or carriage homes. Most taxing jurisdictions do not have a separate classification for patio homes.
The term was first seen in print in the mid-1970s. In a more generic sense it may refer to a home with a prominent patio, such as some traditional Mediterranean-style homes.
Relatively Speaking (Ayckbourn play)

Relatively Speaking is a 1965 play by British playwright Alan Ayckbourn, originally titled Meet My Father, his first major success.
The action of the play takes place during a summer weekend in the bed-sitting-room of Ginny's London flat and on the garden patio of Sheila and Philip's home in Buckinghamshire, outside London. The time is 1965.
The play opens in the flat of Greg and Ginny, a young co-habiting couple, Ginny being the more sexually experienced. Greg finds a strange pair of slippers under the bed and is too besotted to believe they might have been left by another man (which would also explain the bunches of flowers and boxes of sweets filling Ginny's apartment). Ginny goes off for a day in the country, supposedly to visit her parents but actually to break things off with her older married lover, Philip. Greg decides to follow her.
The next scene is on the patio at the home of Philip and his befuddled wife Sheila, whose marriage is clearly under strain. Greg shows up unannounced before Ginny, and wrongly assumes that they are her parents. Greg asks for her hand from Philip, while Philip mistakenly believes that the strange young man is asking permission to marry Sheila. Once Ginny arrives, she convinces Philip to play the role of her father. Meanwhile, Greg still believes that Sheila is Ginny's mother. The situation becomes increasingly complicated and hilarious.
Although it is basically a comedy of misunderstandings and mistaken identity, as plays of this genre go it has a very well-constructed plot, plus some developed characters and a slightly dark streak.
Relatively Speaking had its world premiere in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, in 1965. The London production in 1967 at the Duke of York's Theatre was Ayckbourn's first London West End hit. It also helped to further Richard Briers' career, and featured Michael Hordern and Celia Johnson. It has since been staged a few times by professional and amateur companies, and in 2013 a revival ran for three months at Wyndham's Theatre in London, starring Felicity Kendal as Sheila.
The 40th-anniversary production was directed by Alan Ayckbourn at the Stephen Joseph Theatre in Scarborough in 2007, starring Philip York, Eileen Battye, Dominic Hecht and Katie Foster-Barnes.
The play has also been produced internationally, in Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, Sri Lanka, in May 2007, by the British Theatre Playhouse, and in November 2018 in Belgrade, Serbia. In October 2020, the Fylde Coast Players were the only amateur dramatics company able to put on a performance of any production in the UK (after the first lockdown in March). Director Rosie Withers chose to put on Relatively Speaking and performed using two actual couples in order to facilitate performing on stage without breaking COVID-19 guidelines.
Desert Flower

Desert Flower (Floare de deșert) este o coproducție franco-austro-germană produsă în anul 2009 sub regia lui Sherry Hormann. Filmul este o dramă, el este transpunerea pe ecran a romanului autobiografic al fotomodelului Waris Dirie. Ea a copilărit în deșertul somalez. La vârsta de 13 ani a fost căsătorită forțat în Mogadischu cu un bărbat mai în vârstă. Peste câțiva ani ea reușește să fugă la Londra. Aici ea servește într-un local și este descoperită de un fotograf. Waris Dirie devine unul dintre cele mai solicitate fotomodele din lume. Rolul ei în film este jucat de actrița Liya Kebede.
Waris s-a născut în deșertul african, ca și copil trebuie să lupte zilnic pentru supraviețuire. La 13 ani află că trebuie să se căsătorească cu un bărbat străin. Ea se opune voinței tatălui ei și fuge în deșert, unde se rătăcește, în cele din urmă ajunge în Mogadishu capitala Somaliei. Aici găsește adăpost la rudeniile mamei sale, care-i vor ajuta să ajungă în Londra unde lucrează mai mulți ani ca servitoare la consulatul somalez. Deoarece ea nu poate părăsi clădirea consulatului fuge în cele din consulat. În Londra ea lucrează ca vânzătoare de ocazie, cu ajuorul unei prietene primește un post de femeie de serviciu într-un local. Aici este descoperită de fotograful Terence Donaldson. Ajunge să apară și în presă este nevoită să accepte o căsătorie aparentă, deoarece i-a expirat pașaportul. În cele din urmă ajunge una dintre cele mai solicitate fotomodele. Nu uită suferința și umilirea din coplărie, scrie o carte despre viața ei, pentru a atrage atenția opiniei publice asupra ritualului barbar și deosebit de brutal de mutilare a organelor genitale a fetițelor africane.
Darren Hayes

Darren Stanley Hayes (n. 8 mai 1972, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia) este un cântăreț, compozitor și podcaster australian. Hayes a fost solistul și cântărețul duo-ului pop Savage Garden până când acesta s-a desființat în 2001. Albumul lor din 1997 Savage Garden a atins vârful pe locul 1 în Australia, pe locul 2 în Regatul Unit și pe locul 3 în Statele Unite. A dat naștere single-urilor „I Want You”, „To the Moon and Back” și numărul 1 din Australia și SUA „Truly Madly Deeply”. Duo-ul a urmat succesul albumului lor de debut cu Affirmation (1999), care a oferit hituri suplimentare precum numărul 1 din SUA „I Knew I Loved You” și numărul 3 australian „The Animal Song”. Savage Garden s-a despărțit în 2001. Au vândut peste 23 de milioane de albume în întreaga lume.[3]
Hayes a lansat primul său album solo Spin în 2002. Albumul s-a vândut în două milioane de copii în întreaga lume, a debutat pe locul 2 în Marea Britanie și pe locul 3 în Australia. A lansat single-ul de succes „Insatiable”. Cel de-al doilea album solo al lui Hayes, The Tension and the Spark, a marcat o schimbare de direcție pentru cântăreața și compozitorul, arătând experimentarea cu electronica și versuri mai întunecate. NME a scris despre primul său single, „Pop!ular”, spunând că este „O clasă de master îndoită în reintervenția în carieră... Tipul ăsta este un geniu”. În timp ce The Observer a spus: „Acest album nu este o prostie și reușește, adesea până la un triumf total, în propriile sale condiții”. Hayes s-a despărțit de casa sa de discuri Columbia Records în 2006 și a început propria sa casă de discuri independentă, Powdered Sugar, de la care va lansa al treilea album solo, This Delicate Thing We've Made (2007).
La mijlocul anului 2010, Hayes a anunțat finalizarea înregistrării celui de-al patrulea album solo, Secret Codes and Battleships, cu trei melodii scrise și produse de Brian West și mixate de Robert Orton, cel mai cunoscut pentru faptul că a lucrat cu Lady Gaga. Pe 17 aprilie 2011, Hayes a semnat cu divizia australiană a Mercury Records și în august 2011 cu EMI Records în Marea Britanie. Albumul a fost lansat în Australia pe 21 octombrie 2011, 24 octombrie în Marea Britanie și 25 octombrie în SUA, cu single-urile „Talk Talk Talk”, „Bloodstained Heart” și „Black Out the Sun” lansate înainte de album.
În 2013, Hayes s-a mutat de la Londra la Los Angeles, unde a studiat comedia sketch improvizată la The Groundlings Theatre and School.[4] În 2015, a creat un podcast de comedie intitulat The He Said He Said Show. În 2016, a lansat un alt podcast de comedie, o emisiune de recenzii de film cu co-gazda Anthony Armentano, numită „We Paid to See This”. Hayes a anunțat pe 13 martie 2016 că a scris un musical original împreună cu scriitorul și comediantul Johnny Menke.[5]
Ezaki Glico

Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd. (江崎グリコ株式会社, Ezaki Guriko Kabushiki-gaisha) este o companie japoneză de produse alimentare cu sediul în Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka . Ezaki Glico face afaceri în 30 de țări, în America de Nord, Asia-Pacific și Europa.
Activitatea principală a Ezaki Glico este fabricarea produselor de cofetărie, cum ar fi ciocolată, chipsuri, gume de mestecat și înghețată, și produse lactate. În plus, Glico produce alimente prelucrate, cum ar fi cartofi curry și retort takikomi gohan pungă, și produse alimentare supliment alimentar . Principalii concurenți ai companiei Glico sunt Meiji Seika, Lotte, Morinaga și Fujiya în industria de cofetărie, și House Foods, Meiji și S&B Foods în industria alimentară prelucrată.
Principalul finanțator al lui Ezaki Glico a fost Sanwa Bank, care a fuzionat în banca Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ. Ezaki Glico este membru al grupului de companii Midori Kai, al cărui finanțator principal a fost Sanwa Bank.
Ezaki Glico produce o mare varietate de produse. Doar produse importante sunt enumerate aici.
Eroare la citare: Eticheta <ref> cu numele „FOOTNOTEEzaki Glico Co., Ltd.2017a55” definită în <references> nu este utilizată în textul anterior.
Tompouce

Tompoes sau tompouce este un foietaj în Țările de Jos și Belgia. Este versiunea locală a mille-feuille sau Napoleon, introdusă de un brutar din Amsterdam și numită după admiralul Tom Pouce, numele de scenă al piticului frizian Jan Hannema.
În Țările de Jos, tompoes-ul este iconic, iar piața permite puține variații în formă, dimensiune și culoare. Trebuie să fie dreptunghiulară, cu două straturi de aluat de foietaj, asemănător cu felia de smântână din Marea Britanie. Glazura este netedă și roz, sau uneori albă. De mulți ani, totuși, stratul superior a fost portocaliu de Koningsdag (Ziua Regelui) și cu câteva zile înainte. Poate fi, de asemenea, de culoare portocalie atunci când echipa națională de fotbal joacă în turnee internaționale mari; aceasta datează din aproximativ 1990. Umplutura este invariabil dulce, cremă de patiserie galbenă. Tompoucele sunt uneori acoperite cu frișcă. Variațiile cu diferite umpluturi sau cu jeleu sunt relativ rare și nu se numesc tompoes.
Există mai multe variante în Belgia. Glazura albă deasupra este norma în Belgia, uneori cu un model de ciocolată similar cu mille-fouille. Boekske (lit. „broșură”) poate avea un finisaj de zahăr și poate fi pătrat. Belgienii folosesc, de asemenea, ortografia tompouce sau le numesc glacé (referindu-se la geam).
Prăjiturile sunt de obicei servite cu ceai, bere sau cafea, iar în condiții formale sunt consumate cu furculițe de patiserie. Însă straturile dure asemănătoare biscuiților, care zdrobesc crema de patiserie atunci când încearcă să taie o bucată, fac acest lucru dificil și dezordonat, inspirând articolul umoristic „Hoe eet je een tompoes?” („Cum mănânci un tompouce?”).
Tulumba

Tulumba este un desert prăjit întâlnit in zona Iranului și în bucătăriile regionale din fostul Imperiu Otoman, însă își are originea în Levant. Deși tulumba (litt. pompă) a fost denumită după un instrument special folosit pentru a o produce- un fel de seringă cu un capăt în formă de stea- în bucătăria iraniană, acest este numit bamiyeh, în Egipt balah el-sham și datli în Irak, pe când în lumea arabă acest desert este cunoscut sub numele de asabe Zainab (degetele lui Zainab)
Acest desert prăjit au un gust intens de zahăr, fiind însiropat din belșug cu sirop de zahăr, uneori folosindu-se și sirop cu aroma de lămâie pentru un gust mai intens. În Liban și Siria se folosește adesea apa de trandafiri pentru aromă, pe când in țările din golf se adaugă cardamon sau șofran, iar în Maroc se folosește miere încălzită în loc de sirop.
Tulumba era de obicei preparată în timpul lunii Ramadan și se servea rece, însă astăzi, clasicul desert turcesc a devenit unul dintre cele mai populare feluri de mâncare de tip „street food”, fiind vândut de numeroși comercianți pe străzi. Desertul este prăjit pe loc și servit cald, presărat cu fistic mărunțit.
Este un aluat prăjit înmuiat în sirop, seamănă foarte mult cu churros. Acest desert este făcut dintr-o bucată de aluat nedospit, de aproximativ 3 cm lungime, are o formă ovală mică crestată pe toată lungimea. Pentru a obține o astfel de formă se folosește o pungă de patiserie sau o presă pentru biscuiți cu un capăt adecvat. Mai întâi se prăjește până capătă o culoare aurie, iar mai apoi se toarnă peste el sirop dulce de zahăr când este încă fierbinte, se servește rece. Este servit în mod tradițional pentru Hanuka și alte ocazii speciale de către evreii turci, israelieni și evreii persani
Amandină (desert)

Amandina este o prăjitură românească în straturi de ciocolată umplută cu caramel și cremă fondantă. Uneori se folosește și cremă de migdale. Ca majoritatea prăjiturilor românești, acestea pot fi tăiate și servite în minitarte de 1 porție sau ca o prăjitură mare.
Aceste prăjituri sunt printre cele mai tradiționale prăjituri de cofetărie din România. Rețeta originală are straturi de pandișpan înmuiat în sirop de caramel cu aromă de rom. Crema de umplutură este o combinație de cremă de unt cu ciocolată amestecată cu fondant. Straturile asamblate sunt glazurate cu o combinație de fondant cu ciocolată și rom sau esență de rom, turnată peste tort când este încă ușor lichid.
Aceste prăjituri au, de asemenea, un decor tradițional deasupra, cu puțină cremă și o bucată de ciocolată subțire în formă de diamant.
Vanilie

Vanilia (Vanilla planifolia) familia „Orchidaceae” este o planta cu miros plăcut spaniolă vainilla - păstaie mică, latină vagina. Ea este o plantă cățărătoare originară America Centrală, Mexic, care poate atinge 10 m înălțime, cu flori galbene, din care se formează păstăi de 15 – 20 cm lungime. Vanilina este componentul principal din vanilie.
Lista țărilor producătoare de vanilie

Lista țărilor producătoare de vanilie clasifică țările lumii în funcție de producția de vanilie (în mii de tone), de productivitate (în kg/ha) și de suprafața cultivată cu Vanilla planifolia și Vanilla fragrans (în mii de hectare) în anul 2022, oferind date comparative pentru perioada 2013-2022. Datele provin din baza de date FAOSTAT a Organizației pentru Alimentație și Agricultură a Națiunilor Unite (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - FAO).
Producția anuală de vanilie la nivel global în anul 2022 a fost de 7.704,03 tone, cu 1.15% mai mult decât în anul 2021, când s-a înregistrat o cantitate totală de 7.616,32 tone. Madagascar a fost de departe cel mai mare producător la nivel mondial, producția sa reprezentând peste o treime (39.38%) din totalul producției globale.
Suprafața ocupată la nivel global de plantațiile de Vanilla planifolia și Vanilla fragrans în anul 2022 a fost de 92.587 hectare, cu 0.32% mai puțin decât în anul 2021, când suprafața cultivată totală a fost de 92.880 hectare. Madagascar a fost de departe lider mondial, suprafața sa cultivată, de 73.288 hectare, reprezentând peste trei sferturi (79,16%) din totalul la nivel global.
Lapte de pasăre

Laptele de pasăre este un preparat culinar din categoria deserturilor. El constă într-o cremă fină de vanilie obținută prin fierberea gălbenușului de ou cu adaos de zahăr, lapte și vanilie. La finalul fierberii se adaugă cu lingura mici grămăjoare de albuș de ou, bătut spumă cu zahăr și aromat cu vanilie. Rezultatul final este o cremă fină de vanilie deasupra căreia plutesc grămăjoare albe de spumă de albuș fierte. Datorită aspectului său se mai poate numi și bulgări de zăpadă.
A fost inventat in Franța sub numele de "œufs à la neige" (ouă înzăpezite) sau "îles flottantes" (insule plutitoare).
Vanilină

Vanilina este un compus organic cu formula moleculară C8H8O3. Este un compus cu funcțiuni mixte, conținând grupe aldehidă, hidroxil și eter. Este componenta primară a extractului de vanilie. Vanilina sintetică este utilizată mai des decât extractul natural de vanilie, fiind o aromă adăugată în alimente, băuturi.
Papanași

Papanași is a Romanian and Moldovan traditional fried or boiled pastry made from fresh-cheese (brânza proaspătă or urdă) dough. It is usually served topped with cream (smântână) and fruit confit.
Papanași is doughnut-shaped with the doughnut hole on top.\ The dough is made with a soft cheese such as urdă, substitutes include ricotta and cottage cheese. Papanași are served covered in crème fraîche or heavy cream or sour cream, and topped with sour cherries or jam or preserves.
Papanași dough can be fried, as a "doughnut", or boiled, as a dumpling, like large gnocchi.
Ingredients: semolina or wheat flour, urdă or ricotta or cottage cheese, rum or lemon zest or orange zest, preserves or cherries, sour cream or crème fraîche, vanilla, eggs, sugar, salt, butter, baking soda.
The word papanași may come from the Latin papa or pappa, which means 'food for children'.
In Hungarian Papanași is called Túrófánk Kalaposan (translates to "Túrófánk à la hat"). Normal túrófánk is popular in the Hungarian towns of Transylvania.
Vanilla slice

Vanilla slice is an Australian pastry comprising a thick layer of vanilla custard sandwiched between puff pastry and topped with icing sugar or thinly iced. Similar varieties of the dessert exist in Europe and North America, and it is believed to have evolved from one of the similar European desserts.
Vanilla slice is an Australian variation of many similar desserts comprising vanilla custard and flaky pastry. Most notably this includes the Mille-feuille, which is believed to have originated in France. Other similar pastries include the Dutch Tompouce, Polish Napoleonka, German Cremeschnitte, Balkan and Middle Eastern Galaktoboureko, among others. It is believed that the Australian vanilla slice emerged as a variety of one of these similar desserts, but it is unknown which variety or varieties evolved into the modern vanilla slice.
Vanilla slice is strongly ingrained within Australian "bakery culture", commonly featuring in bakeries across the nation. In keeping with the informality and disdain for pretence in Australian vernacular, it is common to refer to the dessert using colloquial names based on bodily fluids such as pus, phlegm, or nasal mucus which are similar in appearance to the custard filling. This includes names such as snot block, snot brick, phlegm cake, or pus pie.
To celebrate its cultural significance, an annual competition known as The Great Australian Vanilla Slice Triumph has been held since 1998. The event began after Victorian Premier Jeff Kennett visited the Victorian town of Ouyen, and considered the local bakery to make the best vanilla slice in Australia. The event was hosted annually in Ouyen until 2001, when it moved to the nearby town of Merbein.
Yonah Schimmel's Knish Bakery

Yonah Schimmel's Knish Bakery is a bakery and restaurant, located at 137 East Houston Street (between First Avenue and Second Avenue), in the Lower East Side, Manhattan, that has been selling knishes on the Lower East Side since 1890. Its current location on Houston Street opened in 1910. It is not certified orthodox kosher.
As the Lower East Side has changed over the decades and many of its Jewish residents have departed, Yonah Schimmel's is one of the few distinctly Jewish businesses and restaurants that remain as a fixture of this largely departed culture and cuisine.
As cited in The Underground Gourmet, a review of Yonah Schimmel's in a collection of restaurant reviews by Milton Glaser and Jerome Snyder, "No New York politician in the last 50 years has been elected to office without having at least one photograph showing him on the Lower East Side with a knish in his face."
About 1910, Yonah Schimmel, an immigrant from the Austro-Hungarian province of Galicia, used a pushcart to start his knish bakery. As business grew, a small store at 156 Allen Street was rented by Yonah.
By 1916, Schimmel operated knish bakeries at Allen St., 74 Rivington, 44 Ave. B, and 144 E. Houston (across the street from the present knishery location).
Around 1915, Schimmel went into partnership at the 144 E. Houston St. store with Josef Berger, who had married Yonah’s cousin Rose Schimel. Berger eventually took over the Houston St. store, retaining the original name.
In the 1930s, a widening of Houston St. was undertaken in order to accommodate construction of the Subway system’s Sixth Avenue line. At some point in the 1930s the Houston St. store moved from the North side of the street to its present location at 137 E. Houston.
In 1931 Josef Berger passed away, and his son Arthur Berger operated Yonah Schimmel's Knishery until he passed in 1974. Arthur's widow, Lillian Berger, continued to run the bakery until approximately 1990.
Yonah Schimmel's has been family owned since its inception and is currently operated by Yonah's great nephew, Alex Wolfman.
In 1995, the shop's then-owner, Sheldon Keitz, was implicated in a loan-sharking scheme. The shop was amongst the locations where loans were repaid.
It is as much a landmark as an eatery and has frequently been an artist's subject. A portrait of the Yonah Schimmel Knish Bakery by Hedy Pagremanski (b. 1929) is in the permanent collection of the Museum of the City of New York. Jewish-Irish painter Harry Kernoff painted this bakery on a trip to New York in 1939. More recently it features in the 2009 Woody Allen film Whatever Works.
The restaurant offers a number of varieties of knishes, including the traditional potato and kasha (buckwheat groats) knishes, known for using the same recipe since the bakery's opening, as well as dessert knishes such as Cherry-Cheese, and Blueberry-Cheese, in addition to other kinds of Eastern European food such as borscht, and runs a takeout business. In recent years the restaurant has delivered its knishes nationally through Goldbelly, and has been featured in the site's YouTube series.