davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Phrygian helmet

The Phrygian helmet, also known as the Thracian helmet, was a type of helmet that originated in ancient Greece, towards the close of the classical period and was used throughout the Hellenistic world until well into the period of the Roman Republic. Widely used by Greek, Macedonian, Diadochi, Italic peoples, Etruscans, Thracian, Phrygian and Dacian warriors throughout the Hellenistic and Roman republican period and by some ethnicities into Roman imperial times .
The various names given to this type of helmet are derived from its shape, in particular the high and forward inclined apex, in which it resembles the soft caps (of textile or of leather, sometimes retaining the fur) habitually worn by Phrygian and Thracian peoples. These geographical names do not refer to the origins of the helmet itself and are a modern naming convention. The helmet was developed after the Greeks became familiar with the Thracian cap. The shape of the Boeotian helmet was also based on a type of soft hat, in this case the Greek petasos, a brimmed hat. Like the vast majority of helmets of Greek origin, Thracian and Phrygian helmets were made of bronze. The skull of the helmet was usually raised from a single sheet of bronze, though the forward-pointing apex was sometimes made separately and riveted to the skull. The skull was often drawn out into a peak at the front, this shaded the wearer's eyes and offered protection to the upper part of the face from downward blows. The face was further protected by large cheekpieces, made separately from the skullpiece. Sometimes these cheekpieces were so large that they met in the centre leaving a gap for the nose and eyes. When constructed in this manner they would have embossed and engraved decoration to mimic a beard and moustache.
The Phrygian helmet was worn by Macedonian cavalry in King Philip's day, but his son, Alexander, is said to have preferred the open-faced Boeotian helmet for his cavalry, as recommended by Xenophon. The royal burial in the Vergina Tomb contained a helmet which was a variation on the Phrygian type, exceptionally made of iron, this would support its use by cavalry. The Phrygian helmet is prominently worn in representations of the infantry of Alexander the Great's army, such on the contemporary Alexander sarcophagus. The Phrygian helmet was in prominent use at the end of Greece's classical era and into the Hellenistic period, replacing the earlier 'Corinthian' type from the 5th century BC.
Galea (helmet)

A galea (Latin: [ˈɡaɫea]; from Ancient Greek γαλέη (galéē) 'weasel, marten') was a Roman soldier's metal helmet, most famously worn by the heavy infantry of the legions. Some gladiators, specifically murmillo (myrmillo), also wore bronze galeae with face masks and decorations, often a fish on its crest. While details varied over time, all Roman galeas from the Republic era through the Principate featured the same basic design - a bowl to protect the skull, a neck guard (which grew larger over time), a deflector band to protect the forehead and cheek plates to protect the face. The exact form, type of metal, and design of the helmet varied over time, between differing unit types, and also between individual examples – pre-industrial production was by hand – so it is not certain to what degree there was any standardization even under the Roman Empire.
Originally, Roman helmets were influenced by the neighboring Etruscans, people who utilised the "Nasua" type helmets. The Greeks in the south also influenced Roman design in its early history.
The primary evidence is scattered archaeological finds, which are often damaged or incomplete; secondary evidence includes period depictions of galeae, generally in bas-relief sculpture and mosaic.
H. Russell Robinson in his book The Armour of Imperial Rome, published in 1975, classified into broad divisions the various forms of helmets that were found. He classified four main types of helmets for heavy infantry (with subcategories named with letters) and thirty different types of cheek guards.
Helmets used by gladiators were quite different from military versions.
Some of the helmets used by legionaries had a crest holder. The crests were usually made of plumes or horse hair. While the fur is usually red, the crests possibly occurred in other colors, like yellow, purple and black, and possibly in combinations of these colors such as alternating yellow and black. Gladiators such as the samnis and the hoplomachus also probably wore large feathered crests.
There is some evidence (Vegetius' writings and some sculptures) that legionaries had their crests mounted longitudinally and centurions had them mounted transversely. Crests may have been worn at all times by centurions in the early empire, including during battle, but legionaries, and centurions during other periods, probably wore crests only occasionally.
Hotel Carrasco

El Hotel Casino Carrasco conocido también como Sofitel Montevideo Casino Carrasco and Spa, es un hotel e histórico edificio de la ciudad de Montevideo, ubicado sobre la Rambla de Montevideo, en el barrio de Carrasco.
La construcción del Hotel Casino Carrasco se remonta hacia 1921, con la conformación de una sociedad anónima llamada "Balneario Carrasco", ideada por Alfredo Arocena con la finalidad de construir un hotel en el entonces Balneario de Carrasco. Esta sociedad se encargó de convocar al paisajista franco-argentino Carlos Thays, para diseñar y convertir toda la zona en un estupendo barrio jardín, para luego comenzar la construcción del Hotel Carrasco, nombrado en honor al primer titular de esas tierras, Sebastián Carrasco.
La construcción del hotel inició en 1912, bajo el liderazgo y proyección de los arquitectos Gastón Mallet y el suizo Jacques Dunant, quienes también contaron con la colaboración del uruguayo Felix Elena.
El estallido de la Primera Guerra Mundial, interrumpiría y suspendería la construcción del mismo, dejándolo nueve años en abandono. Posteriormente la comuna montevideana adquirió los terrenos y el monumental edificio inconcluso, para continuar las obras y finalmente inaugurarlas, un 29 de enero de 1921.
Dicho edificio tuvo sus épocas de esplendor hasta mediados del siglo XX. En sus habitaciones se alojaron numerosas personalidades ilustres como el físico Albert Einstein (1925).​ o el poeta español Federico García Lorca (1934).​
En el año 2009 el edificio cerró sus puertas para iniciar las obras de remodelación a cargo de la empresa Carrasco Nobile Sociedad Anónima, obra que culminaría en el año 2013. En la actualidad el hotel es gestionado por la cadena hotelera Sofitel y la empresa de casinos Codere. Reabrió formalmente sus puertas el 7 de marzo de 2013.​
La apertura del edificio y la actividad que allí se realiza, ha ocasionado cambios económico-sociales en el barrio de Carrasco, con inversiones inmobiliarias y empresariales.​
Emplazado directamente sobre la rambla Montevideana, el hotel se levanta como punto focal del planteo urbanístico que diseñaron para Carrasco, en las primeras décadas del siglo XX, los paisajistas franceses Charles Thays y Edouard André.
La arquitectura, inspirada en la tradición clásica y barroca, apeló a un lenguaje formal de raíz ecléctica e historicista fuertemente identificada con Francia, paradigma de civilización y buen gusto para la sociedad de la época. Mansardas, escaleras monumentales y espacios interiores lujosamente decorados lo testimonian aún hoy.
Salas de fiesta y de juego, un gran comedor, terrazas cubiertas y al aire libre, aseguraban una estadía placentera a los visitantes, que desde sus habitaciones podían disfrutar de un natural paisaje costero de dunas y pinares.​
En la actualidad cuenta con 116 habitaciones (entre ellas 22 Suites), Thays Lounge Bar, Restaurante 1921, So Spa y diversos espacios para eventos. En el subsuelo se encuentra una amplia sala de juegos.
En mayo de 2016 su director ejecutivo es Luciano Fontana.​
Hotel Reconquista Luxor

El Hotel Reconquista Luxor es un hotel de categoría cuatro estrellas que pertenece a la cadena Hoteles Reconquista. Se encuentra en la Diagonal Norte, importante avenida del centro de Buenos Aires.
El edificio del hotel fue construido en 1932, proyectado por el arquitecto Jorge B. Hardoy, para alojar a la sede del Instituto Ítalo Argentino de Seguros Generales. Su estilo es racionalista, con ciertos toques art déco, y su altura y fachada respetan la normativa impuesta por la Municipalidad para todos los edificios de la Diagonal Norte, formando parte de un eje arquitectónico de fuerte continuidad.
La fachada del Hotel Reconquista Luxor se caracteriza por el conjunto de relieves que la adornan, a la altura del primer piso, ilustrando diversas actividades económicas y productivas que aluden a su propietario original. El edificio posee un subsuelo, planta baja con locales comerciales y entrepiso, ocho pisos superiores y azotea.
Adquirido por la cadena Hoteles Reconquista por remate judicial, el viejo edificio de oficinas fue remodelado completamente para su nuevo uso, instalándose un salón de eventos en el subsuelo, y transformando los ambientes en 72 habitaciones de cuatro categorías distintas. El hotel fue inaugurado el 20 de mayo de 2009, con su fachada restaurada.
Argentino Hotel

Argentino Hotel, the largest hotel complex in the city of Piriápolis, Uruguay.
The project was the product of the vision of the businessman Francisco Piria, and he conceived it for 1.200 guests. In 1920 the Uruguayan president Baltasar Brum laid its cornerstone. It cost 5 million pesos, being at the time one of the most gigantic hotels in South America. This building has 120 meters in front, 70 deep and 6 floors. On the floor below, the first facilities for the use of thalassotherapy were already planned, with showers and bathtubs for hot and cold seawater baths, a Swedish gymnastics section, hairdressing salons, among others. For the furnishing, Piria brought linen from Italy, crockery from Germany, glassware from Czechoslovakia, and furniture from Austria. From the entrance you go to a staircase that invites you to go up to the rooms, with a stained glass window measuring five square meters and innumerable iridescent colors.
The architect of the hotel was Pierre Guichot.
It was inaugurated on 24 December 1930 and was for several years the largest hotel in South America. The hotel's casino is located on the left wing, the public can access via a staircase and guests through the left corridor on the ground floor.
The Argentino Hotel belongs to the Estado Uruguayo and is managed for concession by the Group Méndez Requena (Nifelar S.A.) 30 year, from 2017 to 2047.
The Argentino Hotel received the certification of accessibility to the physical environment, with respect to the UNIT 200 standard.
In 2021 it becomes a "pet friendly" hotel to admit small dogs that accompany their owners.
The International Festival «Piriápolis de Película» is held at the hotel, which is an audiovisual exhibition for national and international filmmakers. It is characterized by exhibiting completely free of charge, a selection of film, short, medium and feature films, of all genres. It also has a Latin American short film contest and awards are given to outstanding actresses and actors.
In front of the hotel past the “Grand Prix of Piriápolis Automobilism”. Even the car race to match from the front in 2022.
Part of the Uruguayan film Whisky is going to shoot at the hotel facilities.
The action of the second part of the novel·la Assassinat a l'hotel de banys by Juan Grompone, runs through the hotel.
Avenida Presidente Julio Argentino Roca

Avenida Presidente Julio Argentino Roca, better known as Diagonal Sur (Spanish for "South Diagonal", the counterpart to Diagonal Norte), is an important avenue in the Monserrat neighborhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is oriented north-east/south-west, diagonally bisecting the city blocks (manzanas) which give the city centre a checkerboard plan. It is named after President Julio Argentino Roca, who held power from 1880 to 1886, and from 1896 to 1904.
The north-west corner of Plaza de Mayo is the start of Avenida Presidente Julio Argentino Roca (i.e. the corner of Hipolito Yrigoyen and Bolivar street), just to the north of the Palace of the City Legislature. At the junction with Peru street is located equestrian monument to Julio Argentino Roca.
Below the entire length of the avenue runs line of the Buenos Aires Underground, which has two stations along the Diagonal (stations Bolívar and Belgrano).
Edison Mouriño

Edison Mouriño (Montevideo, 6 April 1955) is a Uruguayan musician, businessman, music planner, composer and violinist.
From a very early age he began to study music, the violin and is a composer. He was part of the Sodre Symphony Orchestra and the Montevideo Philharmonic Orchestra. Nominated for the Graffiti Award in 2014, and winner of the Premio Nacional de Música de Uruguay (National Music Award of Uruguay) in 2018, performed at the National Auditorium Adela Reta. He performed at the Argentino Hotel, etc. I share stages and collaborations with Uruguayan Paola Dalto, the musician Felipe Rubini, etc.
Campo Argentino de Polo

The Campo Argentino del Polo (Argentine Polo Ground), popularly known as The Cathedral of Polo, is a multi-purpose stadium in Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is currently used mostly for polo, pato and field hockey matches.
The stadium, opened in 1928, holds up to 30,000 people and is located in the Palermo neighbourhood, on Del Libertador Avenue, close to Hipódromo Argentino.
This is a unique polo field, situated ten minutes away from downtown Buenos Aires, and is considered the most modern and comfortable for spectators in the sport. The Campo Argentino, is the home to the Campeonato Argentino Abierto de Polo, the most important polo event in the world, held there since 1928. It is organized by the Asociación Argentina de Polo.
The Campo Argentino was erected on the same land where the Sociedad Sportiva Argentina stadium had been located since its establishment in 1899 until its expropriation from the Government of Argentina in 1914, when the National Army took over the stadium after the second period of five years (counting from 1909) came to an end. Ten years later, the Ministry of War led by Agustín P. Justo expropriated the lands and transferred them to the Army, which is its owner since then.
After taking the lands, the Army built two polo fields (known as "canchas 1 y 2"). The Campo Argentino was officially inaugurated on October 27, 1928, with a match between civilian and military teams (named "Civiles" and "Militares" respectively). The Army has rented Campo Argentino to the Argentine Polo Association since then.
In 1978, the Campo Argentino was the venue for all the matches of the World Field Hockey Cup, won by Pakistan. A total of seven hockey fields were specially prepared on the canchas 1 and 2 for the occasion.
Defunct competition America's Polo Cup ("Copa de las Américas") took place in Campo Argentino on numerous occasions. In this classic match, the best team from Argentina played against the best one from the United States.
The stadium has been also used for music concerts. Metallica, Oasis, Jamiroquai, Santana, Shakira, Neil Young, R.E.M., Beck, Backstreet Boys, Luciano Pavarotti, Luis Miguel, Ed Sheeran, Paul McCartney, The Pretenders and Phil Collins are some of the artists who have performed at Campo Argentino.
34°34′17.35″S 58°25′37.09″W﻿ / ﻿34.5714861°S 58.4269694°W﻿ / -34.5714861; -58.4269694
Alejandro Bustillo

Alejandro Bustillo (18 March 1889 – 3 November 1982) was an Argentine painter and architect who designed numerous buildings including iconic landmarks in Buenos Aires, Mar del Plata, and Bariloche.
Born in Buenos Aires, son of María Luisa Madero and Dr. José María Bustillo, he completed his secondary school studies at Otto Krause Technical School. He later entered the School of Architecture at the University of Buenos Aires, where he also excelled as a painter, earning a first prize at the 1912 National Salon of Painters for a self-portrait. He graduated with a degree in Architecture in 1914.
He obtained his first professional experience working on the design of estancias, the first of which was for Santiago Rocca in 1916. He married Blanca Ayerza in 1917, and the couple had eight children. Bustillo designed a country house for his own family, Estancia La Primavera, in 1918. Two years later he returned to Buenos Aires. After a visit to Paris, Bustillo undertook two major projects for Carlos Tornquist in Buenos Aires, by designing the family's house (now the Belgium Embassy) in 1923, and the Tornquist Bank (today the Buenos Aires branch of Credit Lyonnais) in 1928.
From 1924 until 1937 he consolidated his career with a large number of works including commercial buildings, private houses and rental property. The Martínez de Hoz Building (1929) served as the Gran Hotel Argentino before its conversion into the Intelligence Secretariat. He undertook the remodel in 1931 of the interior of the Palais de Glace and in 1932 began the conversion of an old pumping station in Libertador Avenue, Buenos Aires, into the new headquarters for the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes. He was contracted by the governor of Misiones Province in 1935 on the design of the governor's residence, San Martín Square, the municipal park, the police station and the surroundings of the Jesuit ruins of San Ignacio.
In 1938 he began some of his most important works by winning the competition for the design of the Llao Llao Hotel in San Carlos de Bariloche, an important tourist centre. The building, made almost entirely of wood, was destroyed by fire soon after its completion in 1939 and a year later Bustillo built a new hotel out of reinforced concrete and stone. In the Nahuel Huapi National Park, he designed Inalco on the shores of Nahuel Huapi Lake in the heart of the 'Seven Lakes Route' (Spanish: Ruta de los 7 lagos) northwest of Villa La Angostura, Neuquén, for Enrique García Merou. He designed the headquarters of the National Bank in Buenos Aires in both its phases, the first completed in 1944 and the second in 1955. Bustillo also designed numerous landmark works in Mar del Plata during the 1940s, including the Grand Provincial Hotel, the Casino, the seaside esplanade joining each, and City Hall.
Among Bustillo's best known later works was the National Flag Memorial in Rosario, designed in 1944 with fellow architect Ángel Guido and completed in 1957. His last works began in 1977 and he died in Buenos Aires in 1982 at the age of 93, having completed over 250 projects.
The Garden Hotel, Guangzhou

LN Garden Hotel or The Garden Hotel is currently ranked as a 5-star hotel in Guangzhou, and was the Headquarters Hotel of the 16th Asian Games. It is located in the Yuexiu District.
The Garden Hotel consists of two buildings: Hotel Tower and Garden Tower. Its site is 48,000m², with 20,000m² of gardens. The logo for the hotel is a kapok, the city flower of Guangzhou.
The Embassy of Japan in Guangzhou is located on the first floor of the hotel.
The Garden Hotel contains 828 guest rooms and suites, 151 apartments, 8 multi-function rooms, a ballroom and 9 dining rooms. The Health Club and spa are located in the Roof Garden on the 4th Floor. The recreational facilities of the hotel include an outdoor swimming pool, gym, steam room, sauna room, tennis courts and squash courts. The hotel also has a business centre, shopping arcade and parking.
Decorated in both Chinese and Western styles, the hotel lobby's design aims to replicate an ancient palace with curated murals and marble.
The back garden features a waterfall, rockery, fresco, and pavilion.
The Garden Hotel has hosted many VIPs, including:
Stephen Woodhams

Stephen Woodhams (born c. 1964) was one of the youngest gardeners ever to win a Gold Medal at the Chelsea Flower Show in 1994 for Mr. Maidment's Garden. He was also awarded Silver Medals in 1996, 1997 and 2000. In 2002, his Sanctuary garden, sponsored by Merrill Lynch, won him his second Gold Medal.
At the age of sixteen, Woodhams achieved a place at the prestigious Royal Horticultural Society's Garden at Wisley from where he graduated with honours. He went on to become buyer consultant at the London florists, Moyses Stevens, and in 1986 won a youth enterprise grant of £40 a week with which he set up his own business in his garden shed at the age of 22.
In 1992 he opened his first shop in Ledbury Road, London W1, and quickly established an enviable portfolio of clients including Max Mara, Joseph, Michel Roux, and the Hempel. He has also been asked to style nine Royal Opera House Galas, the re-opening of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, the décor for the Centrepoint Ball at the Natural History Museum, and the styling of the inaugural dinner at the Tate Modern, Bankside.
In 1998, he opened Woodhams at One Aldwych; the hotel has since won the accolade of "Best Floral Hotel in the World" from Condé Nast Traveller magazine. In 2002, he opened another shop in Belgravia on Elizabeth Street. This second shop became the flagship store.
In 2008, he set up a new design business, Stephen Woodhams Design Ltd to enable him to focus on design projects in the UK, and on larger commissions in Majorca, Ibiza, St Tropez and Barbados. In 2009, Woodhams opened a design office in Ibiza, Spain.
Flower of the East

The Flower of the East (Persian: گل شرق) complex was a €1.7 billion tourism attraction project, begun in 2004 in Kish Island and was expected to be finished by 2010. The project was cancelled in 2007. The complex was to accommodate a luxury hotel. This project was cancelled in 2017.
The Flower of the East Development Project was the biggest project on Kish Island in the Persian Gulf. The project was slated to include three hotels, three Residential Areas, Villas and Apartment Complexes, Coffee Shops, Showrooms, Stores, Sports Facilities and a Marina. The project was managed by the German firm FOE Projektgesellschaft mbH. Flower of the East Kish Development company in which FOE Projektgeselschaft mbH is the 98% share holder, has been registered in Department of Registrar of Companies and Industrial and Intellectual Ownerships of Kish Free Zone Organization and continues to be active and has received the annual Economy Activity License for 2010 from KFZO and also received the Amendment of the primary Foreign Investment Permission from FIPA on 05/01/2009.
Flower of the East consists of these sub categories:
The Centerpiece of the project is a hotel in the shape of a flower. The tower is a combination of Persian and Modern architecture. Due to the geographical location of the Flower of the East Hotel, the sunrise would have been seen by the hotel residents. The hotel was to be surrounded by a park.
The Flower of the East Marina
A Marina Club Village is to be constructed by Flower of the East Hotel:
Felipe Rubini

Felipe Rubini (Montevideo, 20 October 2008) is a Uruguayan student, musician, composer and pianist.
Son of Solsiré Bertran and Federico Rubini. From a very early age he began to study music and piano. He was the winner of the Concurso Nacional de Piano de Uruguay (National Piano Competition of Uruguay) in 2021, held at the Vaz Ferreira Sodre Auditorium.
He performed at the Argentino Hotel, Carrasco International Airport, Antel Arena, Sala Zitarrosa, etc.
He was on Susana Giménez's television show, and A solas con Lucas Sugo music program. He was a contestant and semifinalist in the international format version of the talent television show Got Talent Uruguay in Channel 10.
Rubini share stages and collaborations with Uruguayan violinist Edison Mouriño, musician Lucas Sugo, Luana Persíncula, Jorge Nasser, Alejandro Spuntone, etc.
Dilan: Dia adalah Dilanku Tahun 1990

Dilan, Dia Adalah Dilanku Tahun 1990 mangrupa salah sahiji novél karya Pidi Baiq nu medal taun 2014 kalawan pamedal Mizan. Saméméhna Pidi baiq ogé kungsi ngaluarkan sababaraha novél di antarana Drunken Monster, Drunken Molen, At-twitter, Al-asbun, Drunken Mama, Drunken Marmut, jeung Hanya Salju dan Pisau Batu. Gaya basa dina ieu novel maké gaya basa taun 70-an ogé basana campur aduk aya sunda jeung gaya ciri khas urang Bandung. Aya dua tokoh utama anu di caritakeun dina ieu novel karangan Pidi baiq, nyaéta si Dilan jeung si Miléa.
Sawatara kutipan dina ieu novél:
Dilan téh hiji sosok anu dicaritakeun dina novel ieu nu boga karakter unik. manéhna misterius, wanian, bisa mimpin barudakna, tapi ogé osok ngajieun hal anu biasa-biasa jadi romantis pisan ku carana anu anéh. Contona manéhna ampir unggal poe ngirim si Miléa coklat, tapi carana anu béda. Biasana si éta cokelat téh di titipkeun ka tukang pos, tukang ngenteurkeun Koran, pembantu si Miléa jeung loba deui nu séjéna. Kungsi basa si Miléa gering manéhna lain mawa bungbuahan atau martabak pas ngalongok si Miléa, tapi si Dilan mawa tukang urutna, bi Asih, sangkan mencetan awak si Miléa. Ceuk si Dilan éta kabéh téh nandakeun yen loba nu paduli jeung merhatikeun si Miléa di ieu dunya. Loba kénéh hal-hal anéh tapi jadi romantis nu ku si Dilan di lakukeun jang pujaan hate na. ‘Milea’.
Hiji deui tokoh utama dinu ieu novel téh nyaéta si Miléa. Miléa hiji awewe anu geulis. Bapana tentara terus ayeuna manéhna cicing di Bandung lantaran bapana di pindah tugaskeun ka Bandung. Di dieu awal caritana di mulai, Miléa sosok gadis periang jeung pinuh semangat, manéhna ge sosok nu bener-bener perhatian ka jelema anu bisa ngaluluhkeun hatena. Saperti contona manéhna mbung ninggali si Dilan tawuran jeung SMA séjén ku sabab sieun si Dilan cilaka.
Arsitéktur

Arsitéktur mangrupa seni jeung élmu ngarancang wangunan. Harti nu leuwih lega bisa ngawengku rarancang wangun lingkungan sagemblengna, tina tingkat makro town planning, urban design, jeung landscape architecture nepi ka tingkat mikro furniture jeung product design. Architecture, equally importantly, also refers to the product of such a design.
Dumasar kana tulisan munggaran nu aya kénéh ngeunaan ieu, De Architectura-na Vitruvius, wangunan nu hadé kudu mibanda Kaéndahan (Venustas), Weweg (Firmitas), tur Mangpaat (Utilitas); arsitéktur bisa disebutkeun salaku kasaimbangan jeung kasarasian tina tilu unsur ieu, bari teu silih éléhkeun. Harti modérn nilik arsitéktur pikeun nyaluyukeun itung-itungan pungsi, kaéndahan (éstétik), jeung psikologis. Najan kitu, mun ditilik ti sisi séjén, pungsi sorangan geus dianggap ngawengku sakabéh patokan, kaasup kaéndahan jeung psikologis.
Tipologi (rupa wangunan), utamana ditoong di rupa suhunanana. Ieu kabéh dina modél aslina, panggung.
Related adjectives are architectural and architectonic
Kecap arsitéktur ogé dipaké pikeun rarancang atawa act ngarancang sistem kompléks séjénna. Pikeun conto, arsitéktur komputer, arsitéktur software, jeung arsitéktur informasi. Dina kasus ieu, nujulna ka sakujur struktur sistimna.
Afrika

Afrika nyaéta buana kadua panggedéna tur pangpadetna, sanggeus Asia. Kalayan legana nu kurang leuwih 30.2 juta km² (11.7 juta sq mi) kaasup pulo nu padeudeukeut, nutupan 6% lega pabeungeutan Bumi total tur 20.4% lega lemah total. KAlayan kurang leuwih 922 juta jalma (taun 2005) dina 61 wewengkon, populasi jalmana kacatet 14.2% tina populasi jalma sadunya. Buana ieu dilingkung ku Laut Tengah di béh kaler, Terusan Suez jeung Laut Beureum di wetan kalerna, Samudra India di béh wetan kidulna, tur Samudra Atlantik di béh kuloneunnana. Aya 46 nagara kaasup Madagaskar, atawa 53 nagara kaasup sakabéh golongan pulo.
Nagara-nagara dina tabel ieu digolongkeun dumasar kana skema keur subwewengkon geografis nu dipaké ku PBB, tur data nu kawengkuna mangrupa per sumber dina artikel rujukan silang (cross-referenced articles). Lamun béda, katangtuan-katangtuan husus disebutkeun kalayan jéntré.
Citakan:Africa topics
Citakan:Wikisource1911Enc
Jakarta Marathon

The Jakarta Marathon is a marathon held annually in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia in Southeast Asia, since 2013. The marathon is organised by the tourism ministry of Government of Indonesia, and is recognised by Association of International Marathons and Distance Races (AIMS) and International Athletic Association Federation (IAAF).
The Jakarta Marathon is aimed to project Jakarta as a "world class" tourist destination, especially in sport tourism, and is regarded as the "biggest running event of Indonesia".
The marathon was first held in 2013.
The 2020 edition of the race was cancelled due to the coronavirus pandemic, with all entries automatically transferred to 2021.
After two years of absence due to the pandemic, the Jakarta Marathon 2022 was officially held again. About 14,300 runners participated in the event.
The IAAF recognised the route of Jakarta Marathon as "Grade A". The Full and Half Marathon route passes through various popular landmarks of the city, including National Monument or Monas, the Istiqlal Mosque and the Cathedral across, the Old Batavia and the Fatahillah Square.
The 2015 edition had alternative routes from the earlier two versions because of various construction work. The route of the 2015 version passed through National Monument (Monas), Jalan Imam Bonjol, HR Rasuna Said Street, then turned at Gerbang Pemuda to MH Thamrin Avenue, Jalan Abdul Muis, Jalan Hayam Wuruk, Chinatown, Bank Mandiri Museum, Jalan Gadjah Mada, the Catholic Cathedral, and finished back at the National Monument (Monas).
In 2014, the total amount of prize money was Rp 2.4 billion, while in 2015 it was Rp 2.6 billion.
A half marathon, a 10K run and a 5K run are also held in addition to the full marathon.
There is also a special race of children, called "Maratoonz".
Jakarta Marathon is sponsored by Tourism and Creative Economy Ministry of Indonesia along with Jakarta administration.
PLN, the state electric utility company, was the title sponsor (and the marathon was named "Electric Jakarta Marathon" at the time) while Persatuan Atletik Seluruh Indonesia (PASI) and INSPIRO were among the other partners.
Around 10,000 people participated in the inaugural 2013 race; participation was increased to around 14,000 in 2014 and around 15,000 from 53 countries in the 2015 edition. The Jakarta Marathon 2022 was held and around 14,300 runners participated in the event.
Among foreign participants, there were the most Japanese runners in the first marathon of 2013. In the 2014 version, a limited number of participants were invited from Africa because of the 2014 Ebola outbreak, and only 9 professional runners from East Africa participated in the 2014 edition.
This list of winners below only applies to Full Marathon (42 km) only.
Key: Course record (in bold)
List of tallest buildings in the Southern Hemisphere

The Southern Hemisphere, which comprises parts of South America, Africa, Southeast Asia and Oceania, has until recently not been home to many tall buildings outside of Australia and South Africa. The late twentieth century saw an increase in South American high-rises, but most new skyscrapers in the region have been built since 1990. As part of a global boom in skyscraper construction, countries such as Australia and Indonesia built many high-rises and skyscrapers in the early 21st century.
Today, cities like Jakarta, Melbourne and São Paulo have some of the most dominant skylines in the world.
Listed below is every building in the Southern Hemisphere with a height of 250 metres (820 ft) or more.
Listed below are the cities in the Southern Hemisphere with the most skyscrapers. A skyscraper is considered an occupied building measuring over 150 metres (492 ft).
CIAYO Comics

CIAYO Comics was an Indonesian webcomic platform. CIAYO Comics was created in December 2016 and is a subsidiary of CIAYO Corp.
CIAYO Comics was founded in December 2016 by CIAYO Corp. It became the first national digital comic platform in Indonesia. CIAYO Corp also owns CIAYO Games and CIAYO Blog, as well as other businesses under the same brand. CIAYO Comics has a monthly readership of about 30 million people.
In 2018, BlackBerry Messenger and CIAYO Comics announced a partnership to launch comic services in BlackBerry Messenger for Indonesian users. With this collaboration, BlackBerry Messenger users in Indonesia can find comics on the BlackBerry Messenger home menu.
During the 2018 Asian Para Games, CIAYO comics released a comic about a disabled swimmer named Jendi Panggabean. The comic, titled Jendi, was illustrated by DS Studio and depicts the story of a real-life athlete of the same name who lost his leg at the age of 12 in a motorcycle accident and competed in the 2018 Asian Para Game.
In September 2018, CIAYO Comics published a comic adaptation of the film and novel Dilan 1990. The comic itself was written by the original author of Dilan 1990, Pidi Baiq.
After more than 3 years of operating, CIAYO Comics announced the termination of its business operations on July 30, 2020. The CIAYO Comics website will still be accessible until the end of August 2020.
Widji Thukul

Widji Thukul (born 26 August 1963) is an Indonesian poet and activist. His work is political, often critical of the Indonesian government and the social conditions of the country. He has been missing since 1998.
Born on 26 August 1963, Thukul attended junior high school, but left middle school in 1982 due to his family's financial constraints. Early jobs included newspaper-seller, ticket-scalper, and finisher in a furniture shop.
As well as being a poet, Thukul was also a musician and also accompanied a theatre group, Theater Jagat, around Solo.
One of his poems, "Sajak Ibu" was set to music by the world famous composer and pianist Ananda Sukarlan who is Indonesia's leading figure in art song.
In 1988, Thukul married Dyah Sujirah. They had two children and together they founded an arts group called Sanggar Suka Banjir (Frequent Flooding Studio).
Thukul helped organize workers demonstrations and was a member of Partai Rakyat Demokratik (People's Democratic Party). In a worker demonstration in 1995, Thukul was struck in the eye by a rifle butt, causing permanent damage to his sight.
His last contact with his wife was in February 1998. In April of that year he was seen in a demonstration in Tangerang but has not been seen since. It is suspected that he was one of many anti-government protesters abducted by government forces during the anti-Suharto demonstrations. In 2014, politician Andi Arief stated that Thukul is still alive and was kidnapped by Prabowo Subianto and his military troupe. His wife Dyah has since died in 2023.
Thukul's Looking for an Open Plot of Land won the 'Encourage Award' from the Netherlands-based Wertheim Foundation.
Some of this information in this article is taken from the biographical essay 'Wiji Thukul: People's Poet' by Tinuk R. Yampolsky, in Menagerie 5, edited by John McGlynn and Laora Arkeman, Lontar Foundation, Jakarta, 2003.
Mayestik Market

6°14′27″S 106°47′28″E﻿ / ﻿6.2408074°S 106.7910194°E﻿ / -6.2408074; 106.7910194
Mayestik Market (Indonesian: Pasar Mayestik) is a modern traditional market at Kebayoran Baru, in Jakarta, Indonesia. Drugs and cosmetics, jewelry, clothing and tailors, vegetables and fruits, meat and fish, book store, sports equipment, almost everything needed for daily life are available in this market.
This market was present since the 1950s, though it was officially inaugurated in 1981. While the Kebayoran Baru area began to be built in the late 1940s as one of the new satellites in Jakarta, the Mayestik area was the location of the halls of residence. A row of neat houses, shady trees, beautiful surroundings neatly arranged. If it was once on the edge, now Kebayoran Baru.
In 2010, renovation of the market started and on June 16, 2012, was inaugurated by then Governor of DKI Jakarta Fauzi Bowo.
The main building is located in the middle of the area of a 10-story building and is also surrounded by many ruko (shop houses). The market has 2,279 stalls. It is equipped with AirConditioner (AC), standard fire protection equipment, escalator, elevator, sound system, CCTV security, alarm systems, parking facilities, toilets and places of worship., as well as free WiFi service.
Pasar Mayestik is famous for textiles. Everything related to fabrics, costume making, crafting, and sewing supplies (buttons, zippers, ribbons, and appliqués) are available in this market. There are also a number of textile shops owned by Indian Indonesians. Floor arrangement of the market is as follows,
Pasar Mayestik is located on Jalan Tebah, Kebayoran Baru, South Jakarta, near Pertamina Central Hospital and Taman Puring flea market. It can be reached by TransJakarta Corridor 13 via Mayestik BRT station.
Photo shoot

A photo shoot is the process taken by creatives and models that results in a visual objective being obtained. An example is a model posing for a photographer at a studio or an outdoor location.
A photo shoot is a series of images that are taken, with the goal of obtaining images that can then be placed into post-production, or editing. These images are then used for print/digital advertising, business collateral, or just for personal use.
An amateur photo shoot is more likely to be under the arrangement of Trade-For-Portfolio (TFP), whereas a professional photo shoot for a brand or product is likely to be a paid arrangement. With TFP photo shoots, the agreement is often that everyone involved in the shoot will receive the high-resolution, edited images as a form of payment.
With professional photo shoots, the contract is generally signed via a representative modelling agency and so payment is generally always monetary. Due to this, models may not be guaranteed to get the images returned to them as it is the property of the hiring firm/individual. Many photo shoots hire models from professional modelling agencies, and may also hire stylists, makeup and hair artists.
Media related to Photo shoots at Wikimedia Commons
Алберто Томба

Алберто Томба (на италиански: Alberto Tomba) е знаменит италиански скиор, трикратен олимпийски шампион и двукратен световен шампион, състезател в дисциплините слалом и гигантски слалом. Има девет титли от Световната купа по ски алпийски дисциплини. Известен е с прякора „Бомба“ (Tomba la Bomba). През 1998 година се отказва от активна състезателна дейност. През 2000 година е награден с почетен Олимпийски медал за цялостната си спортна кариера и за приноса в развитието на спорта.
Печели първата си победа за Световната купа на 27 ноември 1987 година в Сестриере.
Зимни олимпийски игри 1988

Петнадесетите зимни олимпийски игри се провеждат в Калгари, Канада от 13 до 28 февруари 1988 г. Другите градове, кандидатирали се за домакинство, са Фалун и Кортина д'Ампецо.
За пръв път зимните игри са 16 дни. Към алпийските ски са прибавени още 2 дисциплини – супер гигантски слалом и комбинация.
Игрите се прочуват и с участието на ямайски отбор по бобслей и първия британски ски скачач Еди Едуардс – „Орела“, който става популярен с двете си последни места на малката и голямата шанца. На церемонията по закриването президентът на МОК Хуан Антонио Самаранч го упоменава в речта си с думите „На тези олимпийски игри някои извоюваха злато, други поставиха рекорди, а един човек полетя като орел“. Така той е единственият спортист лично упоменат в заключителната реч на президента на МОК.
България изпраща 27 спортисти. Нито един от тях не стига до медалите.
Болоня

Боло̀ня (на латински: Bononia, което на местен диалект е Bulaggna, а на италиански е Bologna) е град в Северна Италия. Столица е на едноименната провинция и на регион Емилия-Романя и е разположен между реките Рено и Савена. Градът е известен с най-стария в Европа университет – Болонският университет „Alma Mater Studiorum“, основан през 1088 г., и е един от най-развитите в цяла Италия. Болоня се смята за един от най-богатите италиански градове с високо качество на живот. Това се дължи на силното индустриално развитие, обширния сектор на услугите и важното географско положение – на кръстопътя на най-важните магистрали и железопътни линии в страната.
Населението му е около 393 000 души към 2022 г. и е център на метрополен регион с 1 017 196 жители към 2020 г.
Болоня е главен административен център на областта (регион) Емилия-Романя и на едноименната провинция Болоня. Разположен е между река По и Апенините.
Болоня е основана под името Фелсина (Felsina) от етруските около 534 г. пр.н.е. в регион, населяван преди от племената на културата Виланова – предимно фермери и овчари. Етруският град се разраства около светилище, построено на хълм, и заобиколено от некропол.
През 4 век пр.н.е. градът е завладян от галското племе бои (Boii), откъдето произлиза древното име Бонония на римската колония, основана през 189 г. пр.н.е. Заселниците включват 3000 латински семейства, предвождани от консулите Луций Валерий Флак, Марк Атилий Сераний и Луций Валерий Тапо. Построяването на античния път Виа Емилия прави Болоня важен град на картата на Римската република.
Най-големият местен футболен отбор носи името ФК Болоня 1909 и се е състезавал в Серия А и Серия Б. Основан е през октомври 1909.
Болоня е известна с кулинарните си традиции. Градът дава името си на прочутия болонезки сос – сос болонезе, представляващ месен сос за макаронени изделия и други видове паста. В останалите части на Италия този сос се нарича рагу по болонезки (ragù alla bolognese), а в Болоня го наричат просто рагу.
Заради разположението на Болоня в плодородната долина на река По богатата местна кухня зависи от месните продукти и сиренето. Също като другите градове в Емилия-Романя, производството на колбаси от свинско месо, като прошуто, мортадела и салам, е важна част от местната хранително-вкусова индустрия.
В района на града е развито винопроизводството, а сред известните сортове вина са Pignoletto dei Colli Bolognesi, Lambrusco di Modena и Sangiovese di Romagna.
Лазанята и тортелините, сервирани с мортадела и сос болонезе, са сред местните деликатеси.
Кандахар (писта)

47.470833, 11.063056
Кандахар (на немски: Kandahar-Abfahrt Garmisch) е писта за ски алпийски дисциплини в Гармиш-Партенкирхен, провинция Бавария, Германия.
Първите състезания на пистата се провеждат по време на Зимните олимпийски игри през 1936 г.
От 1970 година пистата е в календара на състезанията за Световната купа, в който е сред най-ефектните и най-сложните в техническо отношение писти. На нея се провеждат състезания в дисциплините спускане, супергигантски слалом, гигантски слалом и суперкомбинация.
Там се провеждат и всички стартове от Световното първенство по ски алпийски дисциплини през 1978 г. и всички стартове без слаломите от Световното първенство по ски алпийски дисциплини през 2011 г.
Пистата позволява състезанията, тренировките, посещенията и приготовленията на трасетата за мъжете и жените да се провеждат независимо едни от други, отговаряйки на изискванията на ФИС.
Финалът на двете трасета се намира на 741 метра надморска височина. Трасето на жените е с дължина 2920 метра, стартът се намира на 1460 метра. Стартът на мъжете е на височина 1690 метра, а дължината на трасето e 3300 метра.
Най-стръмната част на пистата се намира на трасето на мъжете и има наклон от 92 %.
Ски туринг

Ски туринг (наричан също пантене) е каране на ски в планински територии извън обособените ски зони. Обикновено се прави извън ски курортите и далеч от ски пистите. Ски турингът е комбинация от ски бягане, ски алпийски дисциплини, телемарк и randonnée. Основна характеристика е отлепящата се пета, която е свободна от самите ски с цел по-лесно преодоляване на стръмни участъци и трудни терени.
Ски турингът се използва от скиори търсещи нов сняг, алпинисти и хора искащи да избягат от високите цени в ски курортите. Турингът изисква добри навигационни умения и ориентиране в зони с повишен риск от лавини.
Този спорт има и паралели с планинарството и къмпингуването. Ски-алпинизмът например е вид ски туринг, който включва в себе си елементи от ски бягане, ски алпийски дисциплини, фрийрайд ски и планинарство.
Мечи чал

Мечи чал е връх в Родопите, разположен на а 1 km от град Чепеларе и на 11 km от Пампорово. Има ски курорт и в подножието на върха има хижа. Тук се намира и една от най-дългите ски-писти в България, съоръжена с влекове и четириседалкова въжена линия, стигаща до върха за 9 минути. Върхът е висок 1872,6 m.
От връх Мечи чал тръгват няколко ски писти с различна трудност и с обща дължина от 20 km. Пистата за алпийски дисциплини е с дължина 3250 m, ширина 50 m и денивелация 720 m. Туристическата ски писта е с дължина 5150 m, ширина 25 m и денивелация 720 m. Пистата за ски-бягане е дълга 3000 m и е на 1860 m надморска височина.
Най-голямата ски зона на Балканите е официално действаща, след като к.к. Пампорово и ски зона „Мечи чал“ се обединиха в мега курорта „Пампорово – Мечи чал“ от зимен сезон 2016/17.
„Мечи чал“ разполага с 12 писти с различна трудност с обща дължина 20 km. Трасето „Мечи чал – 1“ е най-дългата писта за ски алпийски дисциплини в България и е сертифицирана от ФИС с възможност да приема състезания от световен ранг.
Разстоянието между Пампорово и Чепеларе не е голямо – 9 km. „Пампорово“ АД вече има от няколко години модерен лифт до с. Стойките, докъдето разстоянието е 7 km. Проектирано е изграждане на нов лифт от там до връх Мечи чал и горна станция, където ще се осъществява една от връзките между двете зони.
Пол Рикар (писта)

Пол Рикар е писта за провеждане на автомобилни и мотоциклетни състезания, намираща се в Льо Кастеле, Франция.
Пистата е кръстена на ексцентричния магнат Пол Рикар, който се занимава с производството на напитки и спонсорира строителството на трасето. Любопитното е, че той създава компанията Перно Рикар. Пистата приема Формула 1 частично през периода 1971 – 1990, МотоГп през 1973, 1975, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1996 – 1999. Също така приема кръгове от много други шампионати, включително и кръг от Световния шампионат за туристически автомобили от 2014.
Оскар Галвес (писта)

-34.694272, -58.459347
Аутодромо Оскар Алфредо Галвес (на испански: Autódromo Oscar y Juan Gálvez) е писта за провеждане на автомобилни и мотоциклетни състезания, намираща се в Буенос Айрес, Аржентина.
От 1998 г. пистата носи името на известния аржентински автомобилен състезател Оскар Алфредо Галвес.
Построена е през 1952 г. под покровителството на тогавашния президент на страната Хуан Перон и е кръстена 17 октомври до преврата, при който Перон е свален от власт.
В периода 1953 – 1998 г. на нея се провеждат общо 20 състезания от Формула 1, а между 1961 и 1999 г. – десет състезания от Световния шампионат по мотоциклетизъм. Аутодромо Оскар Алфредо Галвес домакинства и на кръгове от аржентинските серии за туристически автомобили Турисмо каретера и ТК 2000.
Пистата е считана за сравнително бавна и предоставя малко възможности за изпреварване.
До 1981 г. състезанията от Формула 1 се провеждат през месец януари, когато в Арженина е лято. Това прави условията за каране особено трудни и състезанията се определят като „битки в жегата“, особено през 50-те години, когато продължителността им е около три часа.
Рекордьор по победи на тази писта във Формула 1 е Хуан Мануел Фанджо (4), а в Световния шампионат по мотоциклетизъм в клас 500 кубика – Майкъл Дуън (3).