davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
깨

깨는 참깨(Sesamum indicum)와 들깨(Perilla frutescens var. frutescens)의 씨를 아울러 이르는 말이다.
깨라고 하면 보통 참깨를 일컫는다.
참깨는 유마(油麻), 지마(脂麻/芝麻), 호마(胡麻), 진임(眞荏) 등으로 부르며, 들깨는 백소(白蘇), 수임(水荏), 야임(野荏), 임자(荏子) 등으로 부른다.
들깨는 빛깔에 따라 구분해 부르지 않지만, 참깨는 빛깔이 흰 것은 흰깨, 백유마(白油麻), 백지마(白脂麻/白芝麻), 백호마(白胡麻) 등으로 부르고, 빛깔이 검은 것은 검은깨, 검정깨, 흑유마(黑油麻), 흑지마(黑脂麻/黑芝麻), 흑호마(黑胡麻), 거승(苣蕂/苣勝/巨勝), 흑임자(黑荏子) 등으로 부른다.
흑임자는 검은 참깨이지만 임자는 들깨이다.
일본어에서 참깨는 호마(일본어: ゴマ/胡麻 고마)로, 들깨는 임호마(일본어: エゴマ/荏胡麻 에고마)로 부른다.
중국어에서 참깨는 지마(중국어: 芝麻, 병음: zhīma 즈마)로, 들깨는 백자소(중국어 간체자: 白紫苏, 정체자: 白紫蘇, 병음: báizǐsū 바이쯔쑤)로 부른다.
중국어에서 자소(紫苏 쯔쑤)는 들깨와 차조기 등을 포함하는 들깨종(Perilla frutescens)을 일컫는 말로, 한국어에서 백소(白蘇), 청소(靑蘇), 적소(赤蘇)로 일컫는 아종들을 중국어에서는 백자소(白紫苏 바이쯔쑤), 청자소(青紫苏 칭쯔쑤), 홍자소(红紫苏 홍쯔쑤)로 부른다. 일본어에서 자소(紫蘇 시소)는 차조기(P. frutescens var. crispa)를 일컫는 말로, 들깨를 가리키지 않는다.
영어권에서 참깨는 새서미(영어: sesame)로, 들깨는 퍼릴라(영어: perilla)로 구분해 부른다.
참깨와 들깨는 참기름과 들기름을 짜는 데 쓰기도 하지만, 기름을 짜지 않고 씨를 볶아서 요리에 쓰기도 한다. 잎과 꽃도 먹는다. 깻잎 중 요리에 쓰는 것은 주로 들깻잎이고, 참깻잎은 한약재로 쓴다. 깨의 꽃을 쓰는 음식으로는 깨보숭이가 있다. 들깨의 꽃송이에 찹쌀가루를 묻혀서 기름에 튀겨 만든다.
들깨와 검정깨는 현미, 찹쌀, 보리, 검정콩, 율무와 함께 불교 수도자들이 참선할 때 먹던 건강식의 재료이다. 선식은 위 일곱 가지 곡식으로 만들며 위에 부담을 주지 않고 머리를 맑게 한다.
국밥

국밥은 국에 밥을 넣어 말아 먹는 한국 요리이다. 취향에 따라 밥을 곁들이거나 말아 먹는다.
전통적인 국밥의 방식은 국에 밥이 말아져 나오는 것이다. 국물과 밥의 맛의 균형을 위하여 따뜻한 국물을 여러번 부어 데우는 행위를 하는데 이를 "토렴한다."라고 하며, 한국 고유의 탕 서비스 방식의 하나이다. 국물과 밥이 따로 나오게 된 것은 6.25 전쟁 당시 대구 지역의 피난민들 사이에서 발생한 방식으로 이는 반상의 구분을 원한다고 하여 피난간 양반들이 밥을 따로 시켜먹는데에서 기인한다. 이를 "따로국밥" 혹은 "대구탕"이라 지칭하여 일반적인 국밥과 구분하는 현상이 발생하였다. 또 국밥을 처음부터 말아서 내오면 밥의 녹말이 국물에 퍼지면 국물의 깔끔함이 사라지며 밥 또한 퍼질 수 있기 때문이다.
국밥의 어원이나 유래에 대해서는 여러 가지 학설이 있으나 언제부터 시작되었는지 정확한 유래는 전해지지 않는다. 조선시대에 임금이 직접 농가가 잘되기를 바라는 제사를 지냈던 선농단에서, 행사가 끝난 후 잔치를 열었을 때, 고기가 부족한 노동자들을 위한 고기국을 내놓은 적이 있다고 한다. 이것으로 보았을 때 그 전부터 국밥은 유래했을 가능성이 있다. 혹은 보부상들이 많은 거리를 이동해 가면서, 시간을 아끼고, 짐을 보관하고 간단하고 빠른 식사를 하기 위해 주막이나 식당에서 빠르고 먹기 쉽도록 개량된 한끼 식사가 국밥이었을 거라는 추측이 있다.
조선후기의 문헌을 보면 '얇게 썰어 조린 쇠고기를 장국에 만 밥 위에 얹어 먹었다.'라고 기록되어 있다.
국밥의 종류는 다양하다. 또한 지역마다 기본으로 하는 국밥의 종류가 다르다.
일반적으로 장국밥이라는 표현은 두가지 의미로 사용되는데, 그중 하나는 국밥 가운데 장맛이 나는 국물에 밥을 만 것을 장국밥이라고 불렀다. 우리가 흔히 알고 있는 장국밥은 전라도 지방에서는 시장에서 판매되는 국밥이라는 의미도 있다.
대체로 김치나 깍두기, 부추무침과 겉절이, 석박지 등 밑반찬을 한개정도 곁들여 먹는다. 야채와 고기 등을 꼬챙이로 꿰어 구운 산적을 고명으로 얹는 경우도 있다.
국밥의 명칭은 지역마다 차이가 있다.
서울특별시, 경기도는 국밥이라고 주문을 하면 주로 양평식 해장국밥 혹은 순대 국밥이나 소머리국밥을 내놓는다. 국밥으로 분류를 잘 하지는 않지만, 설렁탕도 유명하다.
제주도는 반드시 국밥을 주문하면 순대국밥만 나오며, 서울과 경기도 지방과 다르게 콩나물 등의 야채도 듬뿍 올라간다. 국밥과는 다르게 제주도는 매콤한 빨간 국물에 소고기 육수나 소고기 내장으로 만든 내장탕이나 해장국에 원하는 만큼 계란을 풀어 밥을 말아먹는 것을 선호하는 사람도 많다.
경상남도 지방에서는 일반적으로 국밥을 이야기 하면, 돼지국밥을 내놓는다. 경상남도와 경상북도에 의한 차이도 약간씩 있다. 일반적으로 알려진 돼지국밥은 밀양쪽 방식이다. 또한 경상남도식 순대국밥은 야채가 일절 들어가지 않는다. 지역마다 다르지만, 곁들일 야채로 부추무침이 반드시 나오고, 곁들이는 야채로 마늘, 생양파, 고추 등이 나온다. 간혹 김치국밥도 내놓는 가게가 있으나, 최근 가게들은 대부분 김치말이밥으로 이름을 변경하여 오래된 식당이 아니고서는 사용하지 않는다. 해운대 지방에는 해운대 터미널 쪽에 소고기 국밥으로 유명한 가게들이 즐비해 있어서 이곳만 유난히 국밥을 주문시 소고기 국밥을 내준다.
경상북도의 국밥은 파를 가득넣은 소고기나 선지를 사용한 소고기 국밥이 일반적이다. 특히 다른 지방과 달리, 대파를 듬뿍 넣어주는 스타일로 유명하여, 국물이 살짝 달큰한게 특징이다.
전북특별자치도 지방에서는 콩나물 국밥이 일반적이다. 석회질로 인해 수질이 좋지 않은 지역이라 콩나물 요리가 발달하였다. 전북특별자치도 내에서도 국밥 종류는 두가지로 나뉘며, 일반적으로 끓이지 않는 전주남부시장식 방법이라 불리는 전주남부시장국밥이 보편적이다. 해산물이나, 말린복어, 오징어 등을 이용하여 국물을 내는 방식이 많다. 간은 새우젓으로 하며, 같이 딸려나오는 수란은 위의 부담을 덜어주는데 효능이 있다. 그 만큼 부담이 적고, 담백한 것이 특징이다. 하지만 전주 콩나물 국밥 맛은 얼큰한 맛과 시원한 맛이 유명하다.
전라남도는 위치상 식자재가 풍부하여 음식이 발달했으며 강진 함평 나주를 중심으로 육고기가 발달하였기에 고기 육수로 만든 국밥이 대부분이다. 돼지의 뼈, 내장과 순대 그리고 새끼보 (돼지자궁)을 우려낸 국밥과 소의 뼈와 머리고기로 우려낸 국밥 등이 있고 크게 3가지로 나뉜다. 담양 창평식의 국밥에는 청양고추와 부추가 들어가고 국물이 맑아 그릇의 바닥이 보인다. 과거 광주공원을 중심으로 발전한 내장국밥은 들깨가루 가득 불투명하며 희고 뽀얀 국물에 다대기가 한가득 들어가있다. 나주국밥은 소고기를 우려서 투명한 국물을 내고 그 위에 화려한 색을 지닌 오색 고명과 소머리고기가 들어간다.
전라남도식 국밥의 큰 특징은 보통 국안에 들어있는 고기를 초장에 찍어 먹으면서 반주를 하며 이후에 밥을 말아 먹는 방식을 취한다. 매우 특이한 것은 새끼보 국밥인데 돼지의 자궁을 먹기 편한 크기로 잘라서 국밥을 끓이며 보통의 돼지 내장국밥과 맛이 비슷하지만 쫄깃하여 식감이 다르다. 가게에 따라 국밥이 나오기 전 대기 시간에 약간의 순대나 선짓국을 내놓는다.
평안도는 고기 국물에 녹두전과 두부전을 올린 온반이 유명하다. 진주에서는 진주냉면과 비슷하게 고기산적이 올라가는 온반도 유명하다.
그 밖에 콩나물과 북어를 넣고 시원하게 끓인 북어 국밥(또는 복어국)도 있으며, 중국에서 주로 먹는 계란 등을 넣은 깔끔한 국에 밥을 곁들인 계란국밥, 국물에 갈비가 들어간 갈비탕, 계장, 굴국밥, 육개장 등도 밥을 말아먹을 수 있다는 점에서는 국밥과 비슷한 음식이다.
국밥은 본래 국에 밥을 말아(토렴-식은 밥에 국물을 담고, 비우며 데우는 방식)나오는 것을 먹는데 일부(양반)에서 국과 밥을 한데 먹는 것을 상스럽다하여 국과 밥을 따로 내어 먹도록 한 것이 따로국밥이란 형태로 생겨난 것이다. (경상도, 대구 지역)
요리

요리(문화어: 료리)는 음식을 가공하는 행위 자체를 의미한다. 요리는 독특한 재료, 기법 및 요리를 특징으로 하며 일반적으로 특정 문화나 지리적 지역과 관련된 요리 스타일이다. 지역 음식 준비 기술, 풍습, 재료가 결합되어 지역 고유의 요리가 탄생한다. 크게 나누어 지역별로, 시대별로 그 종류를 구분할 수 있다.
각종 재료를 준비하는 과정에서부터 여러 가지 과정을 거쳐 음식을 만들고 시식 후 처리하는 일련의 과정을 말한다.
요리는 여러 조리과정을 거쳐 음식을 만드는 것이나 그 음식을 말하며 주로 가열한 것을 말한다. 조리(調理)는 요리를 만드는 일이나 그 방법, 과정 등을 말한다.
음식의 조리법을 뜻하는 레서피(또는 레시피, 영어: recipe /ˈrɛsəpi/)는 조리법으로 순화어를 쓰도록 되었다.
그리고 가스레인지나 풍로를 비롯, 조리를 자체적으로 하는 행위의 일종인 취사도 역시 요리의 일부를 구성한다.
문명이 출현하면서 사회집단 또는 부족에 따라서 전통적인 요리법이 정착되기 시작했다. 기후, 토양, 동물 분포와 같은 지역적인 요인에 따라서 서로 다른 전통이 만들어졌다. 사람들이 얼마나 청결한 것을 좋아하는가와 자신들의 사회구조를 지키기 위해서 어떤 종교적 금기를 지키는가에 따라서 요리법이 달라지기도 했다. 전통 음식은 국가, 지역별로 다음과 같이 나뉜다:
요리를 통해 소화하기가 쉬워지고 더 많은 에너지를 얻을 수 있으며 독성이 중화된다.
사찰음식

사찰 요리 또는 사찰음식은 불교 사찰에서 전해지는 요리를 말한다. 절밥으로도 부른다.
가장 대표적인 사찰음식의 특징은 육식과 인공 조미료를 전혀 넣지 않을 뿐만 아니라 음식 만드는 과정을 오로지 또 다른 수행의 한 방법으로 여긴다는 점에 있다. 북방불교권(한국, 중국, 일본, 티베트 등)에서는 사원의 발달과 함께 승려들의 건강을 위해 다양한 음식이 개발됐다. 이때 채소의 경우 파나 마늘처럼 향이 지나친 재료(오신채(五辛菜))는 수행자 복용을 금한다.
차는 특히 채식주의자를 위한 보조 식단으로서 빠지지 않는다.
한국의 사찰음식은 한국의 불교 요리이다. 사찰에서 전해지는 음식이 이에 해당하는데 대개는 떡이나 나물을 해서 신자들이 나눠먹는다.
또한 두부나 김치, 나물로 한데 비벼서 만든 비빔밥은 가장 대표적인 사찰음식의 종류이다. 뿐만 아니라 매작과나 버섯 잡채, 순나물, 칼국수 등 단촐한 음식이 사찰음식의 백미이다. 불교에서 육식을 허용하는 국가는 육식을 않으면 생존이 불가능한 문화권이기 때문이다는 견해도 있었다. 일제 시대에는 일본 불교의 영향으로 승려의 육식이 확산하기도 하였다.
차를 마시는 행위는 한국 사찰 내에서도 다른 국가에서처럼 중시되는 편이다.
소승불교를 믿는 남방불교 문화권인 태국이나 라오스, 미얀마, 캄보디아 등에서는 탁발한 음식으로 공양을 해서 사찰 음식이 발달하지 않았다. 탁발 음식을 가리지 않고 먹는 것이 수행의 방편으로 자리 잡았기 때문에, 탁발문화가 남아 있는 남방 불교에서는 오신채를 금하지 않는다.
석가모니는 탁발 중에 육식이 들어오면 그걸 그대로 허용하였다. 그러나 그는 살생을 통해서 얻은 고기는 정육이 아니라며 거부하였고, 아플때는 오히려 정육을 권하기까지 하였다. 육식을 금하는 것은 고행이었는데 석가모니가 살던 당시의 인도에서는 고행하는 사람들이 존경받고 인정받고 있었다.
남방불교 몽골 네팔 티베트 등의 국가들에서 출가자의 육식을 허용하고 있다. 티베트 스님들은 수행을 잘하는데 고기를 먹는다. 고려 시대에 육식이 발달한 원나라로부터 고려를 방문한 원나라 스님이 육식을 즐기기도 하였다.
중국의 스님들은 음주나 육식을 허용하지 않고 결혼을 할 수 없는 등 지켜야 할 계율이 아주 많다. 하지만 일본에서는 이 모든것들이 문제가 아니다. 일본인들은 마음이 진정으로 부처님을 향한다면 음주나 육식, 결혼, 생육이 모두 불조에 대한 스님의 충성에 영향을 주지 않는다고 인정하고 있다. 일본의 현실생활에서 스님이 그렇게 절대적으로 편한 직업만은 아니라고 평가 한다.
하지만 일본에서 조차 메이지유신 전까지 육식을 금하기도 하였다. 일본 스님들이 정진할 때 먹는 정진요리 가운데는 장어요리가 포함되어 있다.
Perilla

Perilla is a genus consisting of one major Asiatic crop species Perilla frutescens and a few wild species in nature belonging to the mint family, Lamiaceae. The genus encompasses several distinct varieties of Asian herb, seed, and vegetable crop, including P. frutescens (deulkkae) and P. frutescens var. crispa (shiso). The genus name Perilla is also a frequently employed common name ("perilla"), applicable to all varieties. Perilla varieties are cross-fertile and intra-specific hybridization occurs naturally. Some varieties are considered invasive.
The classification of Perilla is confused, partly because botanists struggled with distinguishing the two distinct cultigens as different species or variations. Until a few decades ago, P. frutescens var. crispa was regarded as a species in its own right, distinct from P. frutescens, although it was well established that these types readily cross-pollinate. An early example of dividing the two cultigens into different species is found in Matsumura's 1884 nomenclature book, where the synonym P. arguta Benth. is applied to P. frutescens var. crispa, and the synonym P. ocymoides L. was applied to P. frutescens. The species name P. ocymoides or P. ocimoides has historically been used to denote P. frutescens var. crispa, especially by the Japanese, therefore it should not be considered an interchangeable synonym for either cultigen. Recent genetic research confirms that the cultigens are of a common gene pool, corroborating the taxonomists' claim for consolidating the two crops into one species.
Existing Perilla species:
Possible Perilla species with insufficient description and without known herbarium specimens include:
The past legacies and subsequent reclassification of taxa has led to confusion of nomenclature. The red or purple leafed variety of P. frutescens var. crispa had been dubbed P. nankinensis, and this label was used throughout the 19th century in the West following the introduction of the species for ornamental planting. Whether green-leafed or red-leafed, the perillaldehyde factor that characterizes the unique P. frutescens var. crispa fragrance may turn out to be present or absent in the individual or population, and this is not differentiable from outward appearance alone. Chemical studies classify the genus into different chemotypes, depending on the essential oils they contain. Three wild species that are endemic to Japan are recognized as genetically distinct from the cultivated P. frutescens var. crispa, however, some references treat, e.g., P. frutescens var. hirtella as the same species as the P. frutescens var. crispa.
Perilla varieties are cultivated and consumed mainly in Korea, Japan, Thailand and Vietnam. P. frutescens leaves, seeds, and seed oil are used extensively in Korean cuisine, while P. frutescens var. crispa leaves, seeds, and sprouts are used in Japanese and Vietnamese cuisines.
Perilla is one of the 50 fundamental herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine. It is called "zi su" (紫苏/紫蘇), and is used to disperse wind-cold, bloating, and stomach and lung problems. It is sometimes paired with Tu Huo Xiang or Guang Huo Xiang to dispel dampness and tonify qi.
Gamja-tang

Gamja-tang (Korean: 감자탕) or pork back-bone stew is a spicy Korean soup made from the spine or neck bones of a pig. It often contains potatoes, cellophane noodles, greens, perilla leaves, green onions, hot peppers and ground perilla seeds.
The vertebrae are usually separated with bits of meat clinging to them. The vertebrae are boiled at high temperatures to soften the meat. To remove the meat, one must use an instrument such as a chopstick. The meal is usually served with kimchi and a bowl of rice. This food is served as a lunch or dinner and often as a late-night snack, as well.
The soup base is a deep red colour from the red hot peppers.
The soup is now common in Korean restaurants outside Korea, including the United States and Canada.
Gamjatang originated in the southern Korean province of Jeolla. The main industry of Jeolla Province was agriculture, and hogs were widely raised and used for food. The origins of gamjatang can be traced back to the Three Kingdoms era when South Jeolla farmers raised hogs in greater numbers than in most of the rest of Korea. It's said to Go Yujeong is the creator of gamjatang, but there is no reference about this claim.
Since cattle were the backbone of farming then, used both for their manure and plowing, cattle were much more valuable than hogs. Slaughtering hogs for feasts and special occasions was much more common than slaughtering beef, which helps explain the dish's pork origins.
When Incheon harbor opened, many people migrated to Seoul and its surrounding area from Jeolla Province, as well as from other parts of the country. When construction of the Gyung-ui Railway began in 1899, laborers started working around Incheon, and gamjatang become popular among them because it is cheap and nutritious, and its high fat content provided the calories they needed. As time passed, gamjatang became one of the iconic foods of Incheon.
There is a theory that the name "Gamja-tang" originated from the fact that the spinal cord in the backbone of the pig is called "Gamja," and there is a part called Gamja-bone when the spine of the pig is divided into parts, and it is called "Gamja-tang" because it was boiled.
Tteokguk

Tteokguk (Korean: 떡국) or sliced rice cake soup is a traditional Korean dish eaten during the celebration of the Korean New Year. The dish consists of the broth/soup (guk) with thinly sliced rice cakes (tteok). Eating tteokguk on New Year's Day is traditionally believed to grant good luck for the year and confer one sal (a year of age). It is usually garnished with thin julienned cooked eggs, marinated meat, gim (김), and sesame oil (참기름).
The origin of eating tteokguk on New Year's Day is unknown. However, tteokguk is mentioned in the 19th-century book of customs Dongguksesigi (동국세시기; 東國歲時記) as being made with beef or pheasant used as the main ingredient for the broth, and pepper added as seasoning. The book also mentions the custom of having a bowl of tteokguk in the morning of New Year's Day to get a year older, and the custom of saying "How many bowls of tteokguk have you eaten?" to ask a person's age.
In the book The Customs of Joseon written in 1946 by historian Choe Nam-seon, the New Year custom of eating tteokguk is speculated as being originated from ancient times. The white tteok signifying purity and cleanliness have been eaten during that specific day and it became a ritual to start off the New Year for good fortune.
In Korea, on seollal, a family performs ancestral rites by serving tteokguk to their ancestors during a joint meal. Although tteokguk is traditionally a seasonal dish, it is now eaten at all times of the year.
The broth is generally made by simmering the main protein (beef, chicken, pork, pheasant, seafood) in a ganjang-seasoned stock. In the past, pheasant meat or chicken was used to make tteokguk's broth, but nowadays, beef is mainly used. The stock is then strained to clarify the broth, and long cylinder-shaped garaetteok are thin-sliced diagonally and boiled in the clear broth. Garnish is added before serving; the garnish may vary by region and personal taste, but usual staples are pan-fried julienned egg yolks and whites, gim and spring onions. A drizzle of sesame oil is common just prior to serving the teokguk.
Varieties of tteokguk include saeng tteokguk (생떡국) or nal tteokguk (날떡국), a specialty of Chungcheong province, where a mixture of non-glutinous rice with glutinous rice is made into small balls or rolled into a garaetteok shape and then sliced into a boiling broth; joraengi tteokguk (조랭이 떡국) from the Kaesong region with the tteok twisted in small cocoon shapes; and gon tteokguk (곤떡국) from the island of Jeju, which uses sliced jeolpyeon tteok rather than the usual garaetteok. In Jeolla-do, we make chicken Jangtteokguk with chicken and soy sauce.
A movie with the name Tteokguk (English title "New Year's Soup") was released in 1971 starring Yoon Jeong-hee and Um Aing-ran.
Dak-bokkeum-tang

Dak-bokkeum-tang (Korean: 닭볶음탕), dak-dori-tang (닭도리탕), or braised spicy chicken is a traditional Korean dish made by boiling chunks of chicken with vegetables and spices. The ingredients are sometimes stir-fried before being boiled. It is a jjim or jorim-like dish, and the recipe varies across the Korean peninsula. Common ingredients include potatoes, carrots, green and red chili peppers, dried red chili peppers, scallions, onions, garlic, ginger, gochujang (chili paste), gochutgaru (chili powder), soy sauce, and sesame oil.
Some groups advocating linguistic purism in Korean argue against the use of the term dak-dori-tang (닭도리탕) due to the perception that it is a Japanese-Korean hybrid, though the etymology of the middle word dori (도리) is not definitively known. In South Korea, the National Institute of the Korean Language claims that the word came from Japanese tori (鳥; "bird"), and suggests that the word should be refined into dak-bokkeum-tang (닭볶음탕). However, the status of dori as a loanword has been subject to debate. This is because the institute has not presented the grounds for the argument besides the phonetic similarity of dori to the Japanese word tori. The word dori-tang appears in Haedong jukji, a 1925 collection of poems by the Joseon literatus Choe Yeongnyeon. In the book, Chinese characters do (桃) ri (李) tang (湯) were used to transliterate the Korean dish name. A food columnist argued that, had the word been Japanese, the character jo (鳥; pronounced tori in Japanese) would have been used instead of the hanja transliteration of the Korean pronunciation. Alternative theories on the origin of dori include the assertions that it came from dyori (됴리), the archaic form of Sino-Korean word jori (조리; 調理; "to cook"), and that it came from the native Korean verb dorida (도리다; "to cut out"). None of the theories mentioned before has been widely accepted as the established etymology.
Kimchi (software)

Kimchi is a web management tool to manage Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) infrastructure. Developed with HTML5, Kimchi is developed to intuitively manage KVM guests, create storage pools, manage network interfaces (bridges, VLANs, NAT), and perform other related tasks. The name is an extended acronym for KVM infrastructure management. It is an Apache-licensed project hosted on GitHub, and incubated by oVirt.org.
Anh Sung-jae

Anh Sung-jae (Korean: 안성재), also professionally known as Sung Anh, is a South Korean chef. His restaurant, Mosu, was awarded the rare distinction of three Michelin stars for 2023 and 2024. He was one of the two judges for the 2024 Netflix cooking contest, Culinary Class Wars.
Anh was born in South Korea but moved to the United States in 1993 at the age of 12. He grew up in California where his parents ran a Chinese restaurant. He enlisted in the US Army after high school, and after the September 11 attacks and the start of the Iraq War, asked to serve in Iraq. Anh served as a mechanic, where he helped fuel combat vehicles like helicopters and tanks. After his Army service, Anh was set to attend mechanic school to become a Porsche mechanic. After seeing a group of culinary school students walk by in chef coats, however, Anh changed course and enrolled in culinary school.
After graduating from culinary school, Anh began working at Urasawa, where he washed dishes after volunteering to work without pay. Within a month, Anh was working closely with the head chef and owner, and was working behind the counter. He then moved to work for chef Corey Lee, the head chef at The French Laundry, a Michelin three star restaurant. Lee then placed Anh as his head chef at another of his restaurants, Benu, which also had a Michelin three stars rating.
In 2016, Anh left Benu and founded his own restaurant in San Francisco, Mosu. The restaurant earned one Michelin star in its first year, despite a review from the San Francisco Chronicle's Michael Bauer that felt the food was "still in the development stage" and commented on its high initial price. Mosu was consistently booked during its run in the city.
After a year of operating Mosu in the United States, Anh decided to move the restaurant to Seoul, South Korea. Upon opening Mosu in Korea, he priced the menu 30% higher than the city's previous most expensive multi-course meal, and it earned three Michelin stars in 2023, the only restaurant in South Korea with the distinction. In 2024, Mosu announced its temporary closure, with Anh saying to The Chosun Daily about his coordination with CJ Group, his investment partner in the restaurant, "Our visions didn’t align, so I decided to part ways. I’m currently working on a new restaurant with a different partner, not a large corporation, that better matches my vision."
His style of fine dining is a fusion of Asian cooking with Korean fermented ingredients presented in the classic mode of French haute cuisine. In 2024, he won a Chefs' Choice Award – an accolade of his peers across Asia.
Mingles (restaurant)

Mingles (Korean: 밍글스) is a fine dining restaurant in Cheongdam-dong, Gangnam District, Seoul, South Korea. It first opened in 2014. It serves contemporary Korean cuisine mixed with elements of other cuisines. It received two Michelin stars for 2024 and three in 2025. The restaurant was named the best restaurant in Korea by Asia's 50 Best Restaurants in 2024. A 2018 list by The Guardian ranked it in the top 10 best restaurants in Seoul.
The restaurant first opened in 2014, and moved to a larger location in the same neighborhood in 2019. Its chef-owner is Mingoo Kang (강민구). Kang trained under Martin Berasategui in San Sebastián, Spain. The name of the restaurant is a reference to mixing disparate elements into a cohesive whole. The restaurant received its first Michelin star in 2017, the first year the Michelin Guide was offered in Seoul. In 2023, it was reported that Kang also ran two other restaurants: Festa by Mingoo in Seoul and Hansik Goo in Hong Kong, the latter of which also received a Michelin star.
In 2017, it was reported that the restaurant offered a vegan menu. The restaurant reportedly focuses on the role of jang (fermented bean pastes) in Korean cuisine.
Seoul Taco

Seoul Taco is a Korean-Mexican fusion fast-casual restaurant chain originally from St. Louis, Missouri, United States. As of April 2024, the chain had nine locations in the Missouri and Chicago metropolitan areas.
The chain was founded in 2011 as a food truck. It was founded by Korean American entrepreneur David Choi in St. Louis. Choi had no formal culinary training, and instead learned cooking from his family and from the industry. He had experience in pizza, sandwich, and Chinese restaurants. Choi sold his car and purchased a food truck that was listed for $40,000 at $18,000. He also convinced his friends and family to invest another $22,000 in his business. He began making Korean tacos, which proved so popular that he was able to recoup his investment within several months. By 2012, he opened his first permanent location.
When the chain began expanding, Choi adopted a strategy of recruiting local artists to decorate new locations. In June 2016, the chain opened its first location in Chicago in River North. Its second Chicago location was Hyde Park in December 2018. By April 2023, the chain had nine locations in the Missouri and Chicago areas. In 2021, the chain announced that it hired Michelin-starred, James Beard Award–winning chef Brian Fisher as its culinary director.
In 2021, it celebrated its 10th anniversary with a block party that was headlined by Busta Rhymes. Admission was free of charge and open to the public.
The chain offers a variety of Korean-Mexican fusion dishes. This includes gogi (meat) bowls (bibimbap with Mexican elements), as well as nachos, burritos, and quesadillas with Korean flavors. Dishes often include kimchi and kimchi fried rice. The chain introduced a "Munchwrap Seoulpreme", inspired by the Crunchwrap Supreme dish from Taco Bell. Alcohol is served at some locations, with both beer and liquor, particularly Korean-inspired drinks, offered. The menu has been described as fairly small by intent; this is to ensure that each of the dishes are well-executed.
Decorations in the chain often feature taekwondo fighters wearing luchador masks. Elements of Japanese culture and hip hop are also present in the design.
Ciclismo en los Juegos Olímpicos

El ciclismo en los Juegos Olímpicos se realiza desde la primera edición (Atenas 1896). Hasta Moscú 1980 solo podían participar hombres, tanto en pruebas de ruta como de pista; en Los Ángeles 1984 se disputó por primera vez la prueba de ruta femenina, en Seúl 1988 compitieron por primera vez mujeres en una prueba de pista. En Atlanta 1996 se añadió al programa la disciplina de ciclismo de montaña (con la prueba de campo a través) y, finalmente, en Pekín 2008 hizo su aparición la disciplina de BMX.
Tras el Campeonato Mundial, es la máxima competición internacional de ciclismo. Es organizado por el Comité Olímpico Internacional (COI), junto con la Unión Ciclista Internacional (UCI).
El programa de competiciones cuenta actualmente con 22 pruebas repartidas en las cuatro modalidades olímpicas de ciclismo: 4 pruebas en ruta, 12 en pista, 2 en montaña y 4 en BMX.
Ciclismo en los Juegos Olímpicos de México 1968

El ciclismo en los Juegos Olímpicos de México 1968 se realizó en dos instalaciones de la ciudad de México, entre el 15 y el 23 de octubre de 1968.
En total se disputaron en este deporte 7 pruebas diferentes (todas en la categoría masculina), repartidas en dos disciplinas ciclistas: 2 pruebas de ruta y 5 de pista.​​ El programa de competiciones se mantuvo sin cambios, como en la edición pasada.
Se batieron dos récords olímpicos, el del kilómetro contrarreloj en la final, por Pierre Trentin, y el de persecución individual en las mangas clasificatorias, por Mogens Jensen.
Colombia en los Juegos Olímpicos de Pekín 2008

Colombia en los Juegos Olímpicos de Pekín 2008 estuvo representada por un total de 67 deportistas (43 hombres y 24 mujeres), 15 delegados y 23 acompañantes,​ conformando así la delegación más grande en su historia olímpica desde los Juegos Olímpicos de Múnich 1972.​
La portadora de la bandera en la ceremonia de apertura fue la ciclista María Luisa Calle,​ y partió en la posición 155ª, después de Somalia y antes de Costa Rica.​
Durante su participación, el equipo olímpico obtuvo una medalla de plata y dos medallas de bronce, la primera en halterofilia por Diego Salazar Quintero, la segunda por Jackeline Rentería en lucha y la tercera por Leidy Solís en Halterofilia,.​​​
En el medallero ocupó la posición 65.ª, junto a Argelia, Bahamas, Kirguistán, Marruecos y Tayikistán;​ dos posiciones por encima a la ocupada en 2004,​ y dieciséis por debajo a la ocupada en 2000.​
De los 28 deportes (35 disciplinas) que el COI reconoce en los Juegos Olímpicos de Verano, se contará con representación colombiana en 15 deportes.
En el listado siguiente se enumeran alfabéticamente los atletas que componen el equipo olímpico colombiano por deportes, las competiciones en las que participarán y su resultado. El listado fue dado a conocer por el COE el 17 de julio de 2008 (los participantes de atletismo el 30 de julio) y está sujeto a modificaciones de última hora.
Colombia en los Juegos Olímpicos de la Juventud

Colombia en los Juegos Olímpicos de la Juventud está representada por el Comité Olímpico Colombiano. El país ha participado desde la primera edición, realizada en Singapur de 2010.
En sus tres participaciones en los Juegos Olímpicos de la Juventud, Colombia ha enviado las siguientes delegaciones de deportistas:
Colombia ocupó el decimocuarto lugar en la tercera edición de los Juegos, siendo para la fecha el mejor desempeño de la delegación de Colombia en unos Juegos Olímpicos y el segundo país suramericano con el mayor número de medallas después de Brasil.​
Los deportistas colombianos que conquistaron una medalla en las competiciones deportivas realizadas en Juegos Olímpicos de la Juventud fueron:
9.https://www.rcnradio.com/deportes/colombia-logro-quinto-oro-en-olimpicos-de-la-juventud 10.http://caracol.com.co/radio/2018/10/20/deportes/1539995056_755175.amp.html
Colombia en los Juegos Olímpicos de Atenas 2004

Colombia estuvo representada en los Juegos Olímpicos de Atenas 2004 por un total de 53 deportistas, 32 hombres y 21 mujeres, que compitieron en 15 deportes.​
La portadora de la bandera en la ceremonia de apertura fue la halterófila Carmenza Delgado.​
El equipo olímpico colombiano obtuvo la siguiente medallas:​
Colombia en los Juegos Olímpicos de la Juventud 2010

Colombia participó en los Juegos Olímpicos de la Juventud 2010, realizados en Singapur de 2010, con una delegación de 25 deportistas los cuales participaron en 12 disciplinas deportivas.​
Colombia acudió con deportistas para doce disciplinas. Las modalidades deportivas de Ciclismo y Halterofilia fueron las más concurridas con cuatro representantes cada una.
La delegación colombiana para los Juegos Olímpicos de la Juventud 2010 se conformó por 25 deportistas y su abanderado fue Éider Arévalo,​ estuvo conformada por los competidores:​
Colombia ocupó el vigésimo segundo lugar en la primera edición de los Juegos Singapur 2010, siendo para la fecha el mejor desempeño de la delegación de Colombia en unos Juegos Olímpicos y el segundo país suramericano con el mayor número de medallas después de Brasil.​
Los deportistas colombianos que conquistaron una medalla en las competiciones deportivas realizadas en Juegos Olímpicos de la Juventud 2010 fueron:
Campeonato de Colombia de Ciclismo Contrarreloj

El Campeonato de Colombia de Ciclismo Contrarreloj es una competencia anual organizada por la Federación Colombiana de Ciclismo que otorga el título de Campeón de Colombia en la modalidad de Contrarreloj. El ganador o ganadora tiene derecho a vestir, durante un año, el maillot con los colores de la bandera de Colombia en las pruebas de Ciclismo Contrarreloj por todo el mundo.
Este campeonato se disputa desde 1994. Su primer ganador fue Luis Alberto González y el vigente campeón es el ciclista Egan Bernal.
En la categoría femenica el campeonato se disputa desde 1998. La primera ganadora fue Ana Betancur y la vigente campeona es la ciclista Diana Peñuela.
En la categoría femenina, se han producido 3 dobletes por parte de igual número de ciclistas, quienes han ganado los campeonatos nacionales de ciclismo de ruta y contrarreloj el mismo año:
En la categoría femenina, se han producido 4 dobletes por parte de 3 ciclistas, quienes han ganado los campeonatos nacionales de ciclismo de ruta y contrarreloj el mismo año:
Campeonato de Colombia de Ciclismo en Ruta

El Campeonato de Colombia de Ciclismo en Ruta es una competencia anual organizada por la Federación Colombiana de Ciclismo que otorga el título de Campeón de Colombia. Los ganadores tienen derecho a vestir el maillot con los colores de la bandera de Colombia en las pruebas de ciclismo en ruta por todo el mundo durante un año.
La primera edición​​ se corrió en 1946 en la ciudad de Cali y fue ganada por el ciclista bogotano Jaime Gómez.​ El ciclista con más ediciones ganadas es el cundinamarqués Efraín Forero, con cuatro ediciones y el campeón vigente es Egan Bernal.
La versión femenina de este campeonato se corrió por primera vez en 1987 en la ciudad de Cúcuta y fue ganadora fue la ciclista antioqueña Adriana Muriel,​ quien a su vez cuenta con el mayor número de ediciones ganadas con cinco en total. La campeona vigente es la ciclista antioqueña Juliana Londoño.
En septiembre de 1946,​ el presidente de la entonces "Asociación Colombiana de Ciclismo”, Edmond Bougaud, inmigrante francés, entrenador de ciclismo y reconocido empresario,​ anunció la realización de los primeros Campeonatos Nacionales de Ciclismo a ser realizados en el mes de noviembre de dicho año. Este campeonato se realizó en la ciudad de Cali incluyendo competencias de pista y ruta y se usó para seleccionar al equipo nacional que posteriormente representaría a Colombia en los Juegos del Caribe realizados en Barranquilla en diciembre​ de ese año.
Desde su inicio y hasta 1967 la competencia solo tenía un único campeón para la prueba de fondo de ruta y en 1968 se incluyó una carrera para ciclistas juveniles​ coronando así un Campeón Nacional de Ruta categoría “Mayores” y otro “Juvenil”.
Con la profesionalización del ciclismo colombiano, desde 1986 hasta 1995 las categorías cambiarían con el fin de tener pruebas diferenciadas para profesionales​ y aficionados coronándose así un Campeón Nacional de Ruta categoría “Profesional”​ y otros de categoría “Aficionado” (Mayores y Juvenil). Igualmente en 1987 se realiza la primera prueba de fondo de ruta en categoría femenina.
A partir de 1996 y hasta la fecha cambiarían nuevamente las categorías para coronar un campeón categoría “Élite” y otro "Sub-23".
Este palmarés incluye los Campeones Nacionales de Ciclismo de la prueba de fondo en ruta categoría única (1946-1967), Mayores (1968-1985), Profesionales (1986-1995) y Élite (1996 en adelante).
En la categoría femenina, se han producido 3 dobletes por parte de igual número de ciclistas, quienes han ganado los campeonatos nacionales de ciclismo de ruta y contrarreloj el mismo año:
En la categoría femenina, se han producido 4 dobletes por parte de 3 ciclistas, quienes han ganado los campeonatos nacionales de ciclismo de ruta y contrarreloj el mismo año:
Ciclismo en los Juegos Suramericanos de 2010

Se detallan los resultados de las competiciones deportivas para la especialidad de Ciclismo en los IX Juegos Suramericanos. Los eventos son entre el 17 de marzo al 23 de marzo de 2010
El campeón de la especialidad BMX fue Colombia.
Los resultados del medallero por información de la Organización de los Juegos Medellín 2010 fueron:​
País anfitrión en negrilla. La tabla se encuentra ordenada por la cantidad de medallas de oro
Fuente:​ Organización de los IX Juegos Suramericanos Medellín 2010
País anfitrión en negrilla. La tabla se encuentra ordenada por la cantidad de medallas de oro
Fuente:​ Organización de los IX Juegos Suramericanos Medellín 2010
El campeón de la especialidad Ciclismo de Pista fue Colombia.
Los resultados del medallero por información de la Organización de los Juegos Medellín 2010 fueron:​
País anfitrión en negrilla. La tabla se encuentra ordenada por la cantidad de medallas de oro
Fuente:​ Organización de los IX Juegos Suramericanos Medellín 2010
País anfitrión en negrilla. La tabla se encuentra ordenada por la cantidad de medallas de oro
Fuente:​ Organización de los IX Juegos Suramericanos Medellín 2010
El campeón de la especialidad Ciclismo de Ruta fue Colombia.
Los resultados del medallero por información de la Organización de los Juegos Medellín 2010 fueron:​
País anfitrión en negrilla. La tabla se encuentra ordenada por la cantidad de medallas de oro
Fuente:​ Organización de los IX Juegos Suramericanos Medellín 2010
País anfitrión en negrilla. La tabla se encuentra ordenada por la cantidad de medallas de oro
Fuente:​ Organización de los IX Juegos Suramericanos Medellín 2010
El campeón de la especialidad Montaña fue Colombia.
Los resultados del medallero por información de la Organización de los Juegos Medellín 2010 fueron:​
País anfitrión en negrilla. La tabla se encuentra ordenada por la cantidad de medallas de oro
Fuente:​ Organización de los IX Juegos Suramericanos Medellín 2010
País anfitrión en negrilla. La tabla se encuentra ordenada por la cantidad de medallas de oro
Fuente:​ Organización de los IX Juegos Suramericanos Medellín 2010
Asociación de Deportistas Olímpicos de Chile

La Asociación de Deportistas Olímpicos de Chile (ADO Chile o Team Chile) es un programa de fomento a los deportistas chilenos desarrollado por el Gobierno de Chile, el Comité Olímpico de Chile (COCh), Instituto Nacional de Deportes de Chile (IND) y una serie de empresas privadas participantes con el fin de obtener mejores resultados en los Juegos Olímpicos, Juegos Panamericanos, Juegos Suramericanos y Juegos Bolivarianos.
La idea nació en España, donde se obtuvieron grandiosos resultados, pues hasta Seúl 1988, el país había obtenido 26 medallas, pero desde 1989, luego de que se implantase el programa, se han logrado 122 medallas en solo siete ocasiones olímpicas. Se estableció oficialmente en Chile el 3 de febrero de 2006.
La entidad está conformada por una asamblea de socios, la que forma un directorio con un delegado del COCh, uno del IND y los representantes de las empresas privadas en competencia.
La corporación recibe aportes del Estado a través del Instituto Nacional de Deportes de Chile y de empresas privadas como Televisión Nacional de Chile (TVN), TNT Sports Chile, PF Alimentos, Clínica Universidad de los Andes y Sparta. El uniforme oficial es de marca New Balance.
Ciclismo en los Juegos Olímpicos de Atenas 2004

El ciclismo en los Juegos Olímpicos de Atenas 2004 se realizó en tres instalaciones de la ciudad de Atenas, entre el 14 y el 24 de agosto de 2004.
En total se disputaron en este deporte 18 pruebas diferentes (11 en la categoría masculina y 7 en la femenina), repartidas en tres disciplinas ciclistas: 4 pruebas de ruta, 12 de pista y 2 de montaña.​​​ El programa de competiciones se mantuvo sin cambios, como en la edición pasada.
España consiguió cinco medallas, tres de plata (José Escuredo en keirin, Joan Llaneras en puntuación y José Antonio Hermida en campo a través) y dos de bronce (Sergi Escobar en persecución individual y el propio Escobar, Carlos Castaño, Asier Maeztu y Carlos Torrent en persecución por equipos). Además, se obtuvieron diplomas olímpicos en madison (Miquel Alzamora y Joan Llaneras, sexto), velocidad por equipos (José Antonio Escuredo, Salvador Meliá y José Antonio Villanueva, séptimo), puntuación femenina (Gema Pascual, séptima), ruta femenina (Joane Somarriba, séptima) y ruta contrarreloj femenina (Joane Somarriba, séptima).
También lograron medalla México y Colombia, plata y bronce en puntuación femenina gracias a Belem Guerrero y María Luisa Calle, respectivamente. Además, obtuvieron diploma olímpico los argentinos Juan Curuchet y Walter Pérez en madison (octavo), el colombiano Santiago Botero en ruta contrarreloj (octavo), la mexicana Nancy Contreras Reyes en 500 m contrarreloj (octava) y la venezolana Daniela Larreal en velocidad (octava).
Se batieron tres récords mundiales: en persecución por equipos, Australia (conseguido en las mangas de clasificación); en 500 m contrarreloj, Anna Meares; y en persecución individual, Sarah Ulmer. Además, se rebajaron las plusmarcas olímpicas de kilómetro contrarreloj (Chris Hoy) y de persecución individual (Bradley Wiggins en las mangas de clasificación).
Ciclismo en los Juegos Olímpicos de Moscú 1980

El ciclismo en los Juegos Olímpicos de Moscú 1980 se realizó en dos instalaciones de la ciudad de Moscú, entre el 20 y el 28 de julio de 1980.
En total se disputaron en este deporte 6 pruebas diferentes (todas en la categoría masculina), repartidas en dos disciplinas ciclistas: 2 pruebas de ruta y 4 de pista.​​ El programa de competiciones se mantuvo sin cambios, como en la edición pasada.
El ciclista Lothar Thoms de la RDA batió el récord olímpico y mundial de kilómetro contrarreloj.
Ciclismo en ruta masculino en los Juegos Olímpicos de Londres 2012

Ciclismo en ruta masculino en los Juegos Olímpicos de Londres 2012, la carrera masculina en ruta, una de las pruebas de ciclismo en los Juegos Olímpicos de 2012 en Londres. Se llevó a cabo el 28 de julio a las 10 a. m. en el centro y el suroeste de Londres y Surrey norte, con salida y llegada en The Mall.
Samuel Sánchez de España habría sido el campeón defensor, pero debido a una lesión sufrida en el Tour de Francia 2012 no pudo competir. Se calcula más de un millón de personas se agolpaban para ver la carrera de ruta, con entradas de pago para determinadas zonas, siendo un récord para un evento olímpico.
La carrera fue ganada por Alexander Vinokourov, de Kazajistán, quién ganó al sprint a Rigoberto Urán de Colombia, quien alcanzó la medalla de plata. Alexander Kristoff de Noruega ganó el sprint del grupo logrando el bronce.​
La carrera fue de 250 kilómetros (155.3 millas) de largo y comenzó con una salida en masa. Los espectadores se vieron beneficiadios por la libre entrada de 150 km de la ruta 250 km, en gran parte debido al reciente éxito británico en el Tour de Francia 2012 y la posibilidad de que el país anfitrión ganó su primera medalla de oro de los Juegos Olímpicos de 2012 a través de Mark Cavendish. Originalmente 3.500 entradas fueron puestos a disposición para el área de gradas en Box Hill, donde los ciclistas se encargarían de dar nueve vueltas, pero debido a la demanda se incrementó a 15.000.
Todos los horarios están en Tiempo Británico (UTC+1)
* Plazas reducidas al número de corredores en el ranking del tour correspondiente
** Plazas reducidas a uno para adaptarse a las eliminatorias individuales en el mismo tour
*** Plazas adicionales ganadas en la gira continental por los países con reducción de plaza por falta de ciclistas clasificados en la gira mundial
En la tabla de abajo, " s.t." indica que el ciclista cruzó la meta en el mismo grupo que el ciclista antes de él, y fue acreditado por lo tanto, con el mismo tiempo.
Debido a las regulaciones de la UCI para las pruebas en carretera de un día (artículo 2.3.039), "Todo ciclista que finalice la prueba en un tiempo superior al del ganador por más del 5% no contará como finalizado". La aplicación de esta norma con el tiempo ganador de Alexander Vinokourov, dio lugar a un límite de tiempo de 6 horas, 3 minutos y 14 segundos.
Colombia en los Juegos Mundiales

Colombia en los Juegos Mundiales está representada por el Comité Olímpico Colombiano. El país inició su participación en el año 1981, cuando participó en los Juegos mundiales de Santa Clara , en su primera participación la delegación fue conformada por tres atletas. En cuanto al número de participaciones la delegación Colombiana ha participado en Nueve de las Once ediciones que se han llevado a cabo, solo se ha ausentado de los Juegos Mundiales de Karlsruhe 1989 y La Haya 1993.​
Colombia a lo largo de sus participaciones ha demostrado ser un referente en los deportes sobre ruedas al obtener la mayoría de sus medallas en base a ese deporte.
La delegación Colombiana ocupa el puesto número 15 en el medallero general al obtener 119 medallas, siendo el mejor clasificado latinoamericano y el segundo mejor clasificado de América solo por detrás de USA.​
Por otra parte, La Asociación Internacional de Juegos Mundiales (IWGA) le otorgó a Colombia la sede de la novena versión de los Juegos Mundiales para que la organizara en el año 2013, siendo la ciudad de Cali, la ciudad escogida en la que se llevó a cabo las justas deportivas y convirtiéndose en la primera ciudad latinoamericana en albergar los juegos​
Los deportistas colombianos que han conquistado una medalla en las competiciones deportivas realizadas en Juegos Mundiales fueron:​
Colombia (cycling team)

Colombia (UCI team code: COL) was a Colombian UCI Professional Continental cycling team based in Adro (Italy) that participated in UCI Continental Circuits and UCI World Tour races.
In January 2012, it was announced that the team had received invites to the Italian classic races Tirreno–Adriatico, Milan–San Remo and Giro di Lombardia. They were invited to ride the 2013 Giro d'Italia. The team was also invited to the 2014 Giro d'Italia, where during the tenth stage of the race, members of the team wore a white cockade, in memory of the people who died in the Fundación bus fire in Colombia. In 2015 they were invited to the Vuelta a España for the first time. At 30 August it became clear that Cano, Qunitero and Ávila who all cycle for Team Colombia, was picked out for Colombia National Team at the 2015 UCI Road World Championships in Richmond, Virginia.
In October 2015, the team announced they would be disbanding and not returning for the 2016 season, citing shortfalls in sponsorship from the Colombian Sports Ministry.
Café de Colombia

Café de Colombia (UCI team code: CAF) was a Colombian based professional road bicycle racing Cycling team active from 1983 to 1990. The team was sponsored by the Colombian coffee growers Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia.
The team came into existence just as Colombian cyclists were achieving successes in Europe. This started with a Colombian National Cycling team entering and winning the Tour de l'Avenir in 1980 with Alfonso Flórez. The 1983 Tour de France was the first time that the race was "open" to accommodate amateurs to compete. As a result, the Colombian cyclists were able to compete in a Colombian national cycling team. The following year the Colombian national team, with sponsorship from VARTA batteries, returned to the 1984 Tour de France where Luis Herrera, still an amateur, won the stage to the Alpe d'Huez. After these successes, a professional cycling team was set up that would give contracts and a chance of success in Europe to Colombian cyclists. In 1985 this team was called Varta–Café de Colombia–Mavic and had as manager José Raúl Meza Orozco. The team was composed of 24 riders from Colombia, 20 of which Café de Colombia had given them their first professional contracts, which included Luis Herrera and Fabio Parra.
The following year Raphaël Géminiani was team manager together with Jorge Humberto Tenjo Porras. In 1987 the team, under the guidance of team manager Rafael Antonio Niño and directeur sportif Roberto Sánchez, obtained perhaps its greatest success in 1987 when Luis Herrera won the Vuelta a España. Pedro Pablo Valdivieso Ayala and José Gabriel Castro Medina would also be directeur sportifs with the team. The team stopped after 1990.
2000 Summer Olympics medal table

The 2000 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXVII Olympiad, were a summer multi-sport event held in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, from 15 September to 1 October 2000. A total of 10,651 athletes from 199 nations represented by National Olympic Committees (NOCs) (with four individual athletes from East Timor because the country had no NOC), including the Olympic debuts of Eritrea, Micronesia and Palau. The games featured 300 events in 28 sports across 39 disciplines, including the debuts of synchronized diving, taekowndo, triathlon, trampolining, women's modern pentathlon and women's weightlifting as official Olympic medal events.
Athletes from 80 countries won at least one medal, a new record, with 52 nations winning at least one gold medal. The United States won the most gold medals, with 37, and the most medals overall, with 93. It was the second consecutive Summer Olympic Games that the United States led the medal count in both gold and overall medals. Host nation Australia finished the Games with 58 medals overall (16 gold, 25 silver, and 17 bronze). Cameroon, Colombia, Latvia, Mozambique and Slovenia won a gold medal for the first time in their Olympic histories, while Vietnam, Barbados, Macedonia, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, and Saudi Arabia won their first ever Olympic medals. Among individual athletes, Australia's Ian Thorpe, the Netherlands' Leontien van Moorsel and Inge de Bruijn and the United States' Jenny Thompson and Lenny Krayzelburg won the most gold medals at the games with three each and Russian tympanist Alexei Nemov won the most overall medals with six (two gold, one silver and three bronze).
The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC conventional sorting in its published medal tables. The table uses the Olympic medal table sorting method. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won, where a nation is an entity represented by a NOC. The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If teams are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by their IOC country code.
Events in boxing result in a bronze medal being awarded to each of the two competitors who lose their semi-final matches, as opposed to fighting in a third place tie breaker. Another combat sport, judo, uses a repechage system which also results in two bronze medals being awarded.
There were two ties for medals in athletics. No gold medal and two silver medals were awarded due to second-place ties in the women's 100 metres while a tie for third place in the women's high jump saw two bronze medals being awarded. In swimming events, there were two more ties for medals. There was a two-way tie for first place in the men's 50 metre freestyle, which resulted in two gold medals and no silver medals being awarded. Two bronze medals were awarded in the women's 100 metre freestyle due to a tie for third place.
‡ Changes in medal standings (see below)
* Host nation (Australia)