davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Custard cream

A custard cream is a type of sandwich biscuit popular in the British Isles, and parts of the Commonwealth, filled with a creamy, custard-flavoured centre.
Traditionally, the filling was buttercream (which is still used in most homemade recipes) but nowadays cheaper fats have replaced butter in mass-produced biscuits. The filling has a vanilla flavour and as such is more akin to the taste of custard made with custard powder than egg custard. It is believed that the custard cream biscuit originated in Britain in 1908. Usually, they have an elaborate baroque design stamped onto them, originating in the Victorian era and representing ferns.
Some British and Irish supermarkets produce their own brand versions, with flavour variations including lemon, orange, banana, chocolate, strawberry, coffee, tangerine, rhubarb & custard and coconut. There is a digestive cream version available, in which the biscuit is replaced with a digestive biscuit.
In a 2007 poll of 7,000 Britons, 9 out of 10 voted custard creams to be their favourite biscuit. In 2009 it was ranked the eighth most popular biscuit in the UK to dunk into tea. In the same year, a humorous study by Mindlab International listed custard creams as the most likely biscuit to cause injury or harm, scoring a so-called "risk rating" of 5.64.
Senter for forskningsdrevet innovasjon

Senter for forskningsdrevet innovasjon (SFI) er en status som kan gis til et forskningssenter i Norge, etter søknad. SFI-ordningen ble første gang utlyst i juni 2005. Et SFI etableres for en periode på maksimalt åtte år (fem + tre). Senteret skal være tilknyttet en forskningsinstitusjon, som er vertsinstitusjon for senteret. SFI-ordningen ble etablert av Norges forskningsråd for å styrke innovasjonsevnen i det norske næringslivet og fremme god og langsiktig næringsrettet forskning med internasjonalt anerkjent kvalitet. En viktig oppgave for sentrene er å utvikle doktorgradsstudenter som skal arbeide i industrien. Sentrene samfinansieres av vertsinstitusjon, bedrifter, andre forskningsinstitusjoner og Norges forskningsråd. Bedrifter må delta aktivt i senterets styring, finansiering og forskning. Hovedkriteriet for å velge ut sentre er potensial for innovasjon og verdiskaping. Vitenskapelig kvalitet i forskningen må ligge på høyt internasjonalt nivå.
Ordningen ble utformet etter modell av tilsvarende ordninger blant annet i USA (Engineering Research Centers), Australia (Corporate Research Centres) og Sverige (Kompetenssentra). Den norske ordningen ble gitt en utforming som er tilpasset norske forhold og framstår som en konkur­ransebasert, nasjonal satsing. Norges forskningsråd tildeler SFI-status og tilhørende bevilgninger.
14 tildelinger for perioden.
Sju tildelinger for perioden.
17 tildelinger for perioden.
22 tildelinger for perioden.
Fredrik Wallumrød

Fredrik Wallumrød (født 1973 i Tønsberg) er en norsk trommeslager og komponist, utdannet ved jazzlinja ved Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet.
Han er oppvokst i Kongsberg og han er tidligere trommeslager i rockegruppa Span. Han spiller i metalbandet Dog Almighty sammen med Fridtjof «Joff» Nilsen og Kim Nordbæk fra Span. Han spiller sammen med El Caco. Han er bror til jazzmusikerne Susanna Wallumrød og Christian Wallumrød.
Penny

Penny er en mynt (flertall pennies) og en myntenhet (flertall pence) som utgjør en del av det britiske pundet. Mynten anvendes også innenfor valutaene tilknyttet det britiske pundet, som manpund, jerseypund, guernseypund, gibraltarpund, sankthelensk pund og falklandspund.
Penny tilsvarte opprinnelig den middelalderske denaren, hvilket er årsaken til at den britiske pennyen har hatt en «d» som valutategn. Den første pennyen ble preget i 788 og hadde stor utspredning i middelalderen. Pennyen mistet gradvis sin verdi med nye valørers innføring og har siden 1600-tallet vært en kobbermynt.
Penny er den mynt som har lavest valør innenfor pundet, men benevnelsen har fått leve også utenfor sterlingområdet, deriblant i USA og Canada som av og til kaller sin respektive 1-centsmynt for penny til tross for at begge landene lenge har anvendt dollar som valuta. Myntenheten har tidligere også blitt anvendt i andre land med tilknytning til det britiske imperiet, som eksempelvis Australia, New Zealand og Irland.
Språklige varianter av penny er fennig som i dag er 1/100 bosnisk mark, pfennig som ble brukt som 1/100 mark i Tyskland frem til 31. desember 2001, penni som anvendtes som 1/100 mark i Finland frem til 2002, samt penning som ble brukt som myntenhet i Sverige i eldre tid.
Mynt og kron

Å slå mynt og kron er en gammel betegnelse på en avgjørelsesmetode i tilfeller der man har valget mellom to alternativer som fremstår som likeverdige.
Pengestykker har tradisjonelt en side der verdien er oppgitt (revers), denne kalles «mynt». På motsatt side var der enten portrett eller segl til det «kronede hode» som står som garantist for mynten (advers), altså «kron»(e). Unntak er den norske 1 kronemynten. Der reversen som oftest blir referert til som "kronen" av allmenheten.
Selv om begge sider av pengestykket har lik mulighet for å lande øverst, er det først ved å slå mynt og kron svært mange ganger, at en vil få et tilnærmet likt antall for begge alternativer. I mellomtiden tilsier sannsynligheten at en kan ha slått samme mange ganger etter hverandre. Amerikanske statistikere hevder derimot at det ikke tilfeldig hvilken side mynten havner på.
Mynt og kron brukes fremdeles til å bestemme hvilket lag som skal ta avspark i en fotballkamp. Mynten kastes eller knipses opp i luften, slik at den snurrer. Siden begge sider av en mynt er tilnærmet like tunge, overlater en dermed til tilfeldighetene hvilken side som lander opp. Det må alltid avtales på forhånd hvilket alternativ som knyttes til hver side.
Når en mynt kastes opp i luften, kastes den slik at den snurrer et uforutsigbart antall ganger. En interessert part roper enten "krone" eller "mynt" på forhånd eller mens mynten er i luften, og indikerer hvilken side av mynten de velger. Den andre parten får den motsatte siden. Avhengig av tradisjon, kan mynten enten fanges, fanges og vendes, eller tillates å falle til bakken. Når mynten stopper, er kastet fullført, og den siden som korrekt forutså eller fikk oversiden, erklæres som vinneren.
Mynten kan være av hvilken som helst type, så lenge den har to forskjellige sider. Større mynter er generelt mer populære enn mindre. I noen viktige trekninger, som cricket-verdensmesterskapet og Super Bowl, brukes seremonielle medaljer som er laget på bestilling.
Myntkast er en enkel og upartisk måte å løse en konflikt eller velge mellom to eller flere tilfeldige alternativer. I spillteori gir det like sjanser for begge parter, krever minimal innsats og forhindrer at konflikten utvikler seg til en kamp. Myntkast brukes mye i sport og andre spill for å bestemme slike tilfeldige faktorer som fra hvilken side av banen et lag skal spille, eller hvilken side som skal angripe eller forsvare i starten av spillet; disse beslutningene kan være til fordel for en av partene eller være nøytrale. Beslutningen kan påvirkes av faktorer som vindretning, solens posisjon og andre forhold. I lagidretter tar ofte kapteinen beslutningen, mens en dommer eller referent vanligvis overvåker slike handlinger. I noen situasjoner kan en konkurransedyktig metode brukes i stedet for et myntkast, for eksempel ved at en basketballkamp starter med hoppball, mens en puck-slipp spiller en tilsvarende rolle i ishockey.
Gold holdings of Norway

The gold holdings of Norway (Norwegian Bokmål: Norges gullbeholdning, Norges gullreserver), also known as Norway's gold reserves, were a formally defined entity related to Norges Bank's foreign-exchange reserves as well as the physical quantity of gold owned by the same central bank. During the eras of the gold standard, the national currency was in theory redeemable by a specific quantity of the state's gold holdings.
In 2004, Norway's gold holdings consisted of approximately 37 tonnes divided on 33.5 tonnes of bars and 3.5 tonnes of coins. In 2004, Norges Bank—the central bank issuing the Norwegian crown—excluded gold from its forex reserves and sold all bars, except seven, on the international gold market in London.
Along with the seven gold bars, some gold coins were kept for museal purposes. Of approximately 415,000 coins, 393,000 (approx. 3.3 tonnes) are Norwegian 10-crown and 20-crown coins of the 19th and early 20th century, produced at the Mint in Kongsberg, while the others (approx. 200 kilos) originate in Sweden, Denmark, France, Austria, and Hungary.
In April 1940, when Norway was invaded by Nazi Germany, the gold reserves included 48.8 or 60 tonnes. During the morning hours of 9 April, 818 boxes of 40 kilograms each, 685 boxes of 25 kg each, and 39 barrels of 80 kg each (a total of 53 tonnes of gold, of which 48.8 tonnes were in the form of bars) were brought out of Oslo parallel with the capital city's being invaded. The gold was subsequently transported to the United Kingdom by the British Royal Navy and, in June and July, further to Montreal, later Ottawa, in Canada and New York City in the United States. Only a small portion, approximately 178 kg (5,715 troy ounces), was kept in London. From 1940 to 1945, the gold holdings funded both the exiled King and Government as well as the resistance movement.
In 1987, approximately 10 tonnes of gold coins were returned to Norway from the United States Federal Reserve Bank and the Bank of Canada. The gold bars remained in the United States. Additionally, coins that were considered having no numismatic or historical value were remelted into bars.
In 1988, coin dealer Oslo Mynthandel, represented by Mr Jan Olav Aamlid, purchased 100,484 coins from the state's gold holdings and distributed them to collectors and investors.
In 2015, the Royal Canadian Mint commemorated the 1940 transport with a special issue (Allied Gold/L'or des alliés) of the Canadian Gold Maple Leaf.
Öre

Öre (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈœ̂ːrɛ]) is the centesimal subdivision of the Swedish krona. In the Swedish language, the plural of öre is either öre (indefinite) or ören (definitive).
The name öre derives from the Latin word aereus/aurum, meaning gold. The corresponding subdivisions of the Norwegian and Danish krones are called øre.
Öre coins have been withdrawn since 2010, but the unit remains.
During the Middle Ages, the öre was a unit of Swedish currency equal to 1/8 of a mark, 3 örtugar or either 24, 36 or 48 penningar (depending on the geographical area in which it was used). It was already a unit of account in the 11th century, but was not minted as a coin until 1522. This öre was withdrawn in 1776, but returned in 1855 as 1⁄100 of the riksdaler. The riksdaler was replaced by the krona in 1873 (one riksdaler equalling one krona), but öre remained the name of the minor unit.
The last öre coin was withdrawn in 2010, but the centesimal subdivision is still used in non-cash contexts such as bank balances and cashless transactions, while bills to be paid in cash are rounded to the nearest krona.
1 Fyrk coin had a value of a part of 1 öre.
1 öre coins, by king 1844–1973
From October 1992, the only coin in use in Sweden with a value below 1 kronor was the 50 öre coin. On 18 December 2008, the Swedish Riksbank announced a recommendation to the Swedish government to phase out the final öre coin by 2010. The coin ceased to be minted on 25 March 2009 and ceased to be legal tender after 30 September 2010.
Other coin with names deriving from the gold of which they were once made:
VOC ship Akerendam

Akerendam was a ship of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), built in 1724. On 19 January 1725, Akerendam left in convoy with two other ships, heading for Batavia with a crew of 200 people and 19 chests of gold and silver on board. On 8 March 1725 Akerendam drifted in a snow storm and sank near the cliffs of Runde island (Norwegian west coast). Despite the fact that the ship was wrecked close to the shore there were no survivors.
During the next months, five chests of coins were recovered. No more was found and the site was forgotten until Swedish and Norwegian sports divers rediscovered the wreck site in 1972. Although little remained of the ship, about 57,000 gold and silver coins were recovered. The 6,600 gold coins were mostly the rare Dutch gold ducats, minted in Utrecht in 1724; prior to this find only a handful of these ducats were known. Norway's largest coin treasure is also referred to as "the Runde Treasure".
The Norwegian share of the Runde treasure was divided between the Museum of Cultural History's Coin Cabinet and Bergen Maritime Museum. In January 2011, some of the coins from the Maritime Museum were transported back to the island for an exhibition at Runde Miljøsenter. The divers' portion of 75% of the treasure was auctioned in Switzerland in 1978.
Museum of Cultural History, Oslo

Museum of Cultural History (Norwegian: Kulturhistorisk museum, KHM) is an association of museums subject to the University of Oslo, Norway. KHM was established in 1999 as Universitetets kulturhistoriske museum with the merging of the bodies Universitetets Oldsaksamling which housed a collection of ancient and medieval objects, Viking Ship Museum (Vikingskipshuset) at Bygdøy, the Coin Cabinet (Myntkabinettet) and Ethnographic Museum (Etnografisk samling). In 2004 the name was changed to Kulturhistorisk museum.
The activities of the Museum of Cultural History are currently localized in four main buildings in Oslo city centre: Historical Museum at Frederiks gate 2 and Frederiks gate 3 and administration at St. Olavs gate 29, as well as the Viking Ship Museum on the Bygdøy peninsula.
The Museum of Cultural History is one of Norway's largest cultural history museums. It holds the country's largest prehistoric and medieval archaeological collections, including the Viking ships at Bygdøy, a substantial collection of medieval church objects, and a rune archive. The museum also has a comprehensive ethnographic collection that includes objects from every continent, as well as Norway's largest collection of historical coins.
59°55′0.5″N 10°44′7.7″E﻿ / ﻿59.916806°N 10.735472°E﻿ / 59.916806; 10.735472
周信芳

周信芳（1895年1月14日—1975年3月8日），名士楚，字信芳，艺名麒麟童，中国京剧表演艺术家，老生麒派创始人。一生演出剧目超过650齣。
周信芳出身梨园世家，祖籍浙江宁波府慈谿县慈城镇（今属宁波市江北区），1895年1月14日出生在江苏省清河县清江浦（在今淮安市境）。自六歲起学习京剧，開蒙師為陳長興。七岁時在杭州登台演娃娃生，艺名“七龄童”。1905年始改名为“麒麟童”，其後便一直沿用。曾得孫菊仙、王鴻壽等名伶提携、指授。1907年春天到北京的科班「喜連成」搭班，演出于广和楼，首创“包银制”，月计包银450元。
他幼年时嗓音条件极好，但由于演出繁重，变声期后嗓音败坏，显得沙哑低沉。然而他能夠巧妙利用有限的自身条件，把不利因素转化为自己的独特的艺术风格，创造了唱腔古朴沉郁、道白苍劲铿锵的麒派声腔艺术；他的形体表演技巧的更是有口皆碑，他的基本功深厚扎实，舞蹈动作准确而优美，武打动作火爆中不乏稳健，扑跌敏捷俐落，更难能可贵的是，他能够随心所欲的综合利用所掌握的一切表演技巧来表达剧中人物深层次的心里状态和思想感情，真正做到利用技巧塑造人物的目的，得以和马连良并称“南麒北马”，被视为三十年代以来活跃于京剧舞台上的，最全面两位表演艺术大师。
他曾編演《民國花》、《宋教仁》等時裝京劇（京劇現代戲）。
周信芳不但是位京剧名家，也是一位爱国者。在抗日战争期间，他在上海排演《文天祥》、《徽钦二帝》、《明末遺恨》等新戏，以激发人们的爱国心，亦惹怒了汪精衛政府。
1949年10月1日，中華人民共和國成立，與梅蘭芳、程硯秋等幾位戲曲界代表，在天安門城樓上參加了開國大典。
1950年起歷任上海市文化局戏曲改进处处长、华东戏曲研究院院长兼华东京剧实验学校校长（1951年起）、全国人民代表大会代表（1954年起，連任3屆）、上海京剧院院长（1955年起，創院院長）等公職，並在1959年7月1日參加中國共產黨，入党介绍人是刘厚生和丁毓珠。
周信芳在文化大革命中遭到清算，1960年代初奉命新編的历史故事剧《海瑞上疏》更成為他的“反党”罪狀。1968年3月24日被捕入獄；一年後被軟禁在家中，直到1975年心臟病發逝世。直到死後始獲得平反，1978年8月16日在上海舉行了周信芳的遗骨安葬儀式。骨灰供奉於上海龍華革命公墓，後與第二任妻子裘麗琳合葬。裘麗琳在1968年先他而去，兒子周少麟被關在監獄裡5年。
他著有《周信芳演出剧本选集》、《周信芳戏剧散论》、《周信芳文集》，2016年出版《周信芳全集》。
他領銜主演京劇電影《琵琶記》、《斬經堂》、《宋士杰》（彩色，郝德泉操琴，張鑫海打鼓，1956年）、《周信芳的舞台藝術》（含《下書殺惜》和《徐策跑城》2部戲，彩色，郝德泉操琴，張鑫海打鼓，1961年）、另有艺术传记短片《周信芳的藝術生活》。
他的學生有1949年以前收的程毓章、高百岁、陈鹤峰、王瀛洲、于宗瑛、王富英、杨宝童、李如春、徐鸿培、王少樓10大弟子和1949年以後收的沈金波、童祥苓、萧润增、霍鑫涛、逯兴才、李少春、李和曾、徐敏初、明毓琨、管韵华、曹艺斌、曹春柏、孙鹏麟、李师斌、张学海、邵滨孙等人。
他早年常合作的樂師有京胡琴師孫葵林（一作“奎林”，為“胡琴聖手”孫佐臣子）、鼓師黃成美。中晚期先後有：姜鴻奎、郝德泉（以上琴師）；張世恩、王燮元、張鑫海（以上鼓師）等。
袞龍袍

袞龍袍是中國隋代至明代為皇帝、皇太子、親王、郡王，新羅国王、高麗国王、朝鮮国王、王世子、大韓帝国皇帝、皇太子、親王，越南皇帝、皇太子，琉球國王所穿，绣着龙形图案之圓領袍，穿時配翼善冠。皇帝所穿的又稱袞服、袞衣、龍袍、黃袍、吉服，與冕服合稱袞冕。
袞服最早不是黃色的。隋文帝是中国历史上开始穿黄袍的皇帝，《讀通鑑論》：“开皇元年，隋主服黄，定黄为上服之尊，建为永制。”唐高祖武德年间令臣民不得僭服黄色，黄袍遂为皇室专用之服。
北宋戲曲有《打龍袍》。在京剧中，戏衣有五爪为龙、四爪为蟒的说法，五爪龙只能用在象征皇家的黄色龙袍上。
㗰劇

㗰劇（越南語：Hát tuồng／咭從；Hát bội／咭佩）是一種傳統的越南戲劇（英语：Theatre of Vietnam）形式，也是最為古老的劇種之一，深受中國戲曲影響。
㗰劇與結合詩歌、舞蹈的嘲劇，以及現代的改良劇明顯不同。
一般認為㗰劇形成於十三世紀，其時元朝與越南之間曠日持久的戰爭中，越南軍隊俘獲了中國優人李元吉（Lý Nguyên Cá），命其在越“作古傳戲”，產生巨大影響，越南“有傳戲始此”。
然而，第一個為越南㗰劇藝術奠定基礎的人是鄭阮紛爭時期廣南阮主的士大夫陶維慈（Đào Duy Từ），在他所在的阮朝時代，㗰劇藝術發展到達顛峰並深受阮朝皇帝喜愛，許多著名的㗰劇劇作家都是阮朝時期誕生的。
一直到二十世紀，㗰劇與嘲劇身受越南民眾喜愛。改良劇出現後，㗰劇逐漸沒落。
㗰劇演出的劇目須為歷史題材，一般取自越南或中國的歷史傳說故事，如《演武亭》、《陶飛鳳》等。
㗰劇有不同角色，這些不同角色可以從他們的妝容辨認出來，包括面部的顏色、眉毛和鬍鬚。
長而綠/黑的鬍鬚：士大夫。 白色/灰色的長鬍子：軍事將領。 紅鬍子：外國將軍。 捲曲的黑鬍子：脾氣暴躁的人物。 主播鬍鬚：農民、樵夫​​、配角。 畫鬍子：迷人的男孩。
㗰劇角色戲服以漢服為主，特別是皇室及官員角色，而平民角色除了漢服外還會穿著越服演出。
㗰劇音樂演奏樂器包括鼓、鑼、笛子、二胡、嗩吶、獨弦琴等。
七小福 (演員)

「七小福」是1960年代京劇名武生于占元在香港開辦京劇戲班中國戲劇研究學院時，所收的學生的總稱。廣義來說，是所有曾於該戲班受訓的學生的總稱；狹義來說，則是指當中其中七人。
「七小福」由來，源於于占元在一次京劇表演中，選了元龍（洪金寶當時的藝名）、元樓（成龍當時的藝名）、元彪、元奎、元華、元武、元泰七人擔任《七小福》的主角。後來因為演出非常成功，于占元於是藉此組成「七小福」戲班，既讓徒弟增加演出經驗。
廣義上的「七小福」，最多時曾有成員七十多人，除上述七人外，尚有元秋（本名張轉男）、元心、元菊、元甫（本名李菊華）、元香、元冰（女成員）、元慶（即袁和平）、元德（本名孔祥德）、元俊（後改名為吳元俊）、元彬（本名陶周坤，香港導演及演員）、元振、元輝（本名尹元輝）、元寶（本名徐佑麟，香港導演及演員）、元庭（本名吳明才，第一代的大師兄）、元文（本名孟元文）、元兵、元森、元英（本名林正英）等。
1970年代初期，由於戲曲觀眾大量流失，于占元把中国戲劇研究學院結束，七小福各師兄弟只好各自謀生。2009年11月13日為紀念恩師于占元，舉行「『七小福』50周年慶典晚宴」，七小福再次聚首一堂。
2021年7月，七小福大師兄洪金寶召集一眾師弟妹籌備拍攝電影《七小福》，以向恩師于占元致敬，是繼1988年電影《七小福》後另一部以七小福為名的電影新作。
宋玉庆

宋玉庆（1942年10月7日—)，京剧男演员，国家一级演员，八个样板戏之一《奇袭白虎团》男主角严伟才的饰演者。
1942年出生于天津，1949年6月（8岁）进入山东胶东地区“娃娃兵”京剧团（后与其它几个京剧团合并为山东省京剧团，今山东省京剧院）学习，1958年进入中国戏曲学校青年演员班学习。1964年，出演《奇袭白虎团》中主角严伟才。1998年离休后定居美国。
2009年11月，在梅兰芳大剧院开业两周年庆典演出中登台。
中国文化对日本文化的影响

中国对日本文化的影响是指通过中国传播或源自中国的中国影响对日本文化的影响。几个世纪以来，日本传统文化的许多方面，如道教、佛教、天文学、语言和饮食，都深受中国的影响。
绳纹时代（约公元前400年）后期，中国的扩张引发了冲突，导致大量人口迁往日本。 这些移民主要来自亚洲大陆，更具体地说是朝鲜半岛和中国南部，他们带来了“新的陶器、青铜、铁和改进的金属加工技术”，这有助于改进现有的农具和武器。
中国文化的影响是朝鲜交流的间接影响，大约在公元1世纪至5世纪，朝鲜已经将中国文明的主要元素融入了自己的文化中，并从中调解了中日之间的交流。
传统的日本和服可以追溯到7世纪，当时日本皇室开始穿改编自中国服装风格的服装。吴服，丝绸和服的一个术语，指的是“呉”的服装, 或汉语中的“吴”，这让人想起了吴王朝。
公元82年的汉书指出，倭向朝鲜北部的朱恩（中国的郡）派遣了使者和贡品。为了进一步扩张，倭是日本南部和西部小国的联盟，重点是邪马台国。根据《汉书》的记载，这是第一次在提到中日交往时提到日本。另一个记载中国对日本文化影响的中文文献是公元297年的《魏志》。它指出，中国和日本的朝贡互动可以追溯到公元57年和107年。著名的权威人物，如卑弥呼，在公元189-248年左右派遣日本大使前往属于中国的部分地区。这种情况在古坟时代继续存在，因为特使继续从日本传递到中国。公元502年，十一位新的使者被派往中国。根据马克·卡特赖特的说法，这就是大和日本作为一个国际外交国家的出现。
与韩国相比，日本控制了从中国吸收文化影响，也称为“文化借用”。这意味着它“承认中国中土的文化优越性”，但始终坚持政治独立。除了控制文化借用的过程，日本在考虑其想要采用的思想和制度时也保持选择性。
中国对日本文化的持续影响可以在现代最明显地体现在美食领域，日本中华料理就是一个例子。2010年代末，随着珍珠奶茶的流行，台湾也受到了影响。
道教是一套宗教和哲学信仰，在考虑道的同时探索仪式和经文的思想。它可以追溯到公元前3世纪。作为中国哲学家的产物，它已经进入日本，因此随着与日本文化的接触而发生了重大变化。最初，随着道教在中国的发展，它是复杂的、多方面的，是新旧思想的不断再生。其融入日本文化的形式是作为日本律令制的一部分而引入的。因此，通过文本片段，道教逐渐进入日本文化，但与其最初的影响不同，即中国道教。
道教是否主要是中国文化还是仅受道教影响，也存在一定程度的不确定性。乔纳森·史密斯声称要区分什么是中国传统的一部分，什么是道教本身的遗产，有些元素是“道教的”和“道教的味道”。
基于这一概念，日本哲学家三浦国雄将道教的特定元素区分为属于中国文化的元素，或是道教引入日本文化后转移到日本文化中的元素。三浦国雄进一步声称，七世纪出现在日本的元素，如“日历制作、天文/占星术和占卜”，属于中国文化。神仙信仰、道教经典和庚申信仰等元素作为道教的一部分被转移到日本。
佛教现在是世界上最大的宗教之一，最早出现在公元前6世纪左右的印度。佛教有三大教派，包括南传佛教（“小乘佛教”）、大乘佛教（或“大乘教”）和金刚乘佛教（密宗佛教或“金刚乘”）。公元552年，佛教通过中国和朝鲜传入日本。
此外，佛教受到了当权者的鼓励，比如圣德太子。他认为佛教在“促进中国思想”方面至关重要。在佛教的三个分支中，大乘佛教最早植根于日本文化。尤其是中国禅宗，一个中国的大乘学派，作为日本禅宗传播到日本。
中国对日本宗教影响的另一个例子是金刚佛教的传入。平安初年，几位在中国学习宗教的日本僧人回国，通过创建佛教宗派，建立了金刚乘佛教。具体来说，两位学者僧侣，即最澄和空海，帮助创建了天台宗和真言宗。天台宗是最澄从中国唐朝回来后于805年创立的，他帮助建立了稳固的金刚学。
804年，最澄前往中国进行了11个月的旅行，以寻找中国佛教学校天泰（或天台）。最澄想要将天道传承的理念转移到日本，但要保持最初中国佛教学派的真实性。在明周的最后一个月，最澄去了岳州，收集更多关于密宗（金刚乘）的宗教文本。在那里，他基本上遇到了顺孝神父，他向他介绍并指导了金刚乘佛教。最澄在访问岳州后，取回了与仪式有关的佛教仪器、金刚山女神的绘画和38本与密宗有关的宗教文本。根据几篇历史研究，“天代派内外都表明，赛奇在中国与三木的相遇是相当偶然的”。 此外，根据日本历史学家索诺达的说法，斋治原计划派遣两名弟子来研究天道，但由于桓武天皇能够说服斋治亲自前往并领导这段旅程，这一计划在最后一刻发生了变化。
从那里开始，最澄帮助为神宫派在806年由空海引入“铺平了道路”。为了让两位创始人都能从佛教的传入中受益，最澄站在空海身后，帮助他获得了京都西北部的高山寺，并将其打造成了最初的神宫派。作为回报，空海帮助教育和训练最澄和他的追随者金刚乘仪式。此外，空海还分享了他在最后一次访问中国岳州时收到的密宗文本。
同志社大学教授宫岛和彦认为，日本深受中国天文学和占星术的影响。 日本人首先从韩国人那里学到了中国天文学，韩国人直接从中国人那里学到了天文学。天文学的影响植根于政府部门，这是中国模式的直接影响，后来被称为“阴阳道”。该办公室负责与天文学和占星术有关的特定信息，这两个领域都是道教的一部分。办公室的四个部门是“天象占卜、历法计时和阴阳占卜”。 这两个部门的职责类似于中国的太史和太卜。
在基本方向方面，像南岩野宫和黑条京这样的城市的主要街道的方向是通过“学习中国的测量方法”来实现的。
此外，日本的星图也受到了中国天文学的影响，因为日本的几张星图都有相同的中国恒星名称。它们是中国人直接复制的，但只有少数仍然很受欢迎。被誉为“江户时代第一位官方天文学家”的柴川春美发表了两种星图，它们是根据来自韩国的中国传统模型改编的。 一些星图是由高桥嘉也和石坂佐根创建的，仍然受到西方天文学的启发，西方天文学基本上是通过《天清火门》一书通过中国登陆日本的。这本书在中国的流行是短暂的，因为它的简化、错误和不准确，但它在日本非常流行。
汉字：汉字在日本的用法
汉字是日语书写中使用的汉字。中国的书写系统首先影响了日语口语，因此“为智力创造力提供了关键的载体”。它在日本的起源可以追溯到古坟时期，据信其引入时间在公元300年至710年之间。
据信，日本的书写系统是通过其书面语言受到中国人的影响的。一开始，日本的大部分写作都是由用中文写作的移民职员完成的。特别是一个人，被称为王仁，帮助将汉字引入日本。王仁是一位学者，于4世纪末从朝鲜王国之一百济（也称百济）来到这里。据推测，他把11卷中国著作带到了日本。王仁留在日本，并帮助启发了后来被称为 "文人 "的文士群体。在5世纪和6世纪，识字率很低，仅限于移民群体及其家庭。写作和学习汉语的行为是在5世纪初在日本发起的。
在7世纪，日本贵族学者开始以经商为目的学习中文阅读和写作。
据说汉字的采用具有挑战性，但其结果允许大和日本建立一个官僚机构。它还帮助日本权威人物获得了对氏族和农民的控制权。此外，汉语被引入日语，拓宽了日本获取科学、宗教、艺术和哲学等广泛学科教育文本的途径。因此，随着日本学生开始掌握汉语，他们可以去中国旅行，从而继续学习语言和文化。
有人说，公元4世纪汉字和学习的引入凸显了“日本文化发展的转折点”。
645年，中通无镰仓创建了名为藤原的氏族。它一直掌权到11世纪，当时军事阶层（或侍）占据了它的地位。在藤原氏家族之后，646年进行了太卡改革，并帮助创建了一个受中国模式影响的新政府体系。土地由国家购买，因此要公平地重新分配给所有人。土地改革是“引入同样来自中国的新税制”的门户。
许多文化项目是中日文化遗产的一部分：以下是几个例子：
Museum of Traditional Theater

The Museum of Traditional Theater, also known as the Taiwanese Opera and Puppet Museum in Pingtung (traditional Chinese: 屏東戲曲故事館; simplified Chinese: 屏东戏曲故事馆; pinyin: Píngdōng Xìqǔ Gùshìguǎn), is a museum in Chaozhou Township, Pingtung County, Taiwan.
The museum building used to house the Chaozhou Town Hall during the Japanese rule of Taiwan. After the handover of Taiwan from Japan to the Republic of China in 1945, the building was used for telecommunication service purpose. Later on, the building housed a post office. In 2002, the Pingtung County Government renovated the building as a venue for the promotion of traditional arts.
The museum is accessible within walking distance east of Chaozhou Station of Taiwan Railways.
National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts

The National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts (NACTA; Chinese: 中国戏曲学院; pinyin: Zhōngguó Xìqǔ Xuéyuàn) is a Chinese public university in Fengtai District, Beijing which offers B.A., M.A. and M.F.A. degrees in Chinese opera. Niu Junfeng is a notable alumni from National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts. Xu Weizhou is also a notable alumni. Currently there are 2,500 students and 250 faculty members.
It was founded in 1950 as China Drama School, and Tian Han was its first principal. Wang Yaoqing became its principal in 1951. By 1954, when Yan Yong became the principal, it was under the leadership of China's Ministry of Culture. It became the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts in 1978.
39°51′42″N 116°20′10″E﻿ / ﻿39.8618°N 116.3362°E﻿ / 39.8618; 116.3362
List of Disney theatrical animated feature films

This list of theatrical animated feature films consists of animated films produced or released by The Walt Disney Studios, the film division of The Walt Disney Company.
The Walt Disney Studios releases films from Disney-owned and non-Disney-owned animation studios. Most films listed below are from Walt Disney Animation Studios, which began as the feature-animation department of Walt Disney Productions, producing its first feature-length animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs in 1937, as of November 2024, it has produced a total of 63 feature films. Beginning with Toy Story in 1995, The Walt Disney Studios has also released animated films by Pixar Animation Studios, which Disney would eventually acquire in 2006. In 2019, as part of its acquisition of 21st Century Fox, The Walt Disney Studios acquired Blue Sky Studios (now closed down in 2021), as well as 20th Century Fox Animation (now simply 20th Century Animation) which operates as a label and the animation division of 20th Century Fox (now 20th Century Studios).
Other studio units have also released films theatrically, namely, Walt Disney Television Animation's Disney MovieToons/Video Premiere unit (later renamed Disneytoon Studios) and the studio's distribution unit, which acquires film rights from outside animation studios to release films under the Walt Disney Pictures, 20th Century Studios, Touchstone Pictures, and Miramax film labels.
‡—Includes theatrical reissue(s).
The following is a list of films that were released by Miramax Films when the studio was a subsidiary of Disney at the time of release. Neither of these films is officially recognized as Disney films, as they were from pre-existing distribution deals before Disney's acquisition of Miramax, and Disney sold Miramax to Filmyard Holdings in 2010.
The following films were only released direct-to-video within the US. While they were given a theatrical billboard internationally, these films are not recognized by Disney's D23 as theatrical films because of a lack of US theatrical releases.
The following is a list of films that were released by Miramax Films when the studio was a subsidiary of Disney at the time of release. None of these films are officially recognized as Disney films due to either Disney's sale of Miramax to Filmyard Holdings in 2010, or the distribution rights sold to other companies.
Distribution brands
Nemes

Nemes (/ˈnɛmɛʃ/) consisted of pieces of striped head cloth worn by pharaohs in ancient Egypt. It covered the whole crown and behind of the head and nape of the neck (sometimes also extending a little way down the back) and had lappets, two large flaps which hung down behind the ears and in front of both shoulders. It was sometimes combined with the double crown, as it is on the statues of Ramesses II at Abu Simbel. The earliest depiction of the nemes, along with a uraeus, is the ivory label of Den from the 1st Dynasty. It is not a crown in itself, but still symbolizes the pharaoh's power.
The occult society "The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn" used headwear similar to ancient Egyptian nemes, which they spelled "nemyss", as part of their "traditional ceremonial garb".
Ráth Tó

Is baile comaitéireachta borrach é Ráth Tó (Béarla: Ratoath) i gContae na Mí, Éire. Tugtar an t-ainm Ráth Tó ar bhaile fearainn, barúntacht agus ar pharóiste. Bhí sé ar an mbaile is mó fás in Éirinn de réir daonáireamh 2006, le daonra 7,249. (aníos ó 1,061 i 1996). Tá an céatadán is mó de dhaoine óga sa tír le fáil i Ráth Tó de réir an daonáirimh chomh maith.
Tá an baile gar do ráschúrsa Thigh na Sióg, áit a mbíonn an Rás Mór Náisiúnta ar siúl le linn Fhéile na Cásca gach bliain. Chomh maith leis sin tá an teaghlach cáiliúil rásaíochta, Carberrys, ina gcónaí gar don bhaile.
Ba thaoiseach Lochlannach é Tó (seanlitriú Tódh) a bhunaigh ráth san áit seo in aimsir na Lochlannach, de réir scoláirí na Suirbhéireachta Ordanáis. Tá sé sa seanchas chomh maith gur cuireadh an ruaig ar na Danair ón áit seo tráth. Tá tagairtí don áit seo faoin ainm Mruigtuaithe chomh maith i Leabhar Ard Mhacha agus d'aithin an scoláire Gaeilge, Eoin Mac Néill, gur Ráth Tó a bhí i gceist. Tá eastát tithíochta amháin sa bhaile a bhfuil an t-ainm áirithe seo air.
Tá an príomhbhaile suite ar bharr cnoic agus mar sin is léir cén fáth ar shuíomh maith le haghaidh rátha é. Nuair a ghabh na Normannaigh an ceantar seo tar éis 1169, thóg siad móta agus bábhún mar ionad cosanta dóibh féin ar bharr an chnoic. Tá an cnoc seo fós le sonrú in aice na heaglaise Caitlicí (a tógadh sna 1840idí) sa bhaile. Is maith an seans gurbh é Aodh De Lása (mac leis an Aodh De Lása cáiliúil) a thóg an struchtúr cosanta seo, os rud é gur bhronn a dheartháir Ualtar, talamh an cheantair seo air.
Spórt agus Clubanna
Pobal
Scoileanna agus Coláistí
Dublin Historic District

Dublin Historic District is a national historic district located at Dublin, Pulaski County, Virginia. It encompasses 97 contributing buildings in the town of Dublin. It includes a variety of residential, commercial, and institutional buildings dated as early as the mid-19th century. Notable buildings include the Sutton House, Norfolk and Western Railroad Depot (1913), Bower Funeral Service, Baskerville-St.Clair House, Darst Building (1871), Bank of Pulaski County, McCorkle House (1878), Dublin Presbyterian Church, Dublin Methodist Church (1875), Grace Baptist Church, and the Municipal Building.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
Dublin 1

Dublin 1, also rendered as D1 and D01, is a postal district on the northside of Dublin, Ireland.
D1 lies entirely within the Dáil constituency of Dublin Central. Dublin Central is one of the most densely populated and socially and ethnically diverse areas in Ireland. The postcode consists of most of the northern city centre, affluent white collar areas around and including Mayor Square, and traditional working class areas such as Sheriff Street. In 2019, the Irish Independent reported that Dublin City Council embarked on a plan to improve lighting and surfacing in the area's laneways while Ireland's National Tourism Development Authority has said the regeneration of a historic part of Dublin 1 tied to the Easter Rising is "long overdue". The American Institute of Architects has been hired by a local business group to help regenerate the area, which they say faces "civic schizophrenia" and "a split personality".
The postcode covers a dense central area north of the River Liffey. It includes O'Connell Street, Parnell Street, Henry Street, Jervis Street, Mountjoy Square, Parnell Square, the International Financial Services Centre, and parts of the northern Docklands. It is home to Busarus, Connolly Station, the Custom House, the Convention Centre Dublin, and several of the north city quays. It also features urban secondary schools such as the O'Connell School and Belvedere College as well as third-level institutions such as the National College of Ireland.
The postal district of Dublin 1 is used in conjunction with the seven-digit Eircodes that are unique to each address in the state. For example:
Sweett

Sweett (formerly Sweet Inn) is a French-Israeli travel tech scale-up company founded in 2014. Active in Europe and in Israel the company offers upscale vacation apartments with hotel services for tourists and business travelers.
As of 2019, Sweett has around 180 employees, and the housing stock includes upwards of 800 apartments.
In 2014, Paul Besnainou decided to launch Sweet Inn as a new kind of hospitality brand, one which would rent, manage and sublease the apartments combined with an experience worthy of a 5-star hotel.
Sweett designs and refurbishes its own apartments, focusing on "the importance of the design, the central locations in the cities’ typical buildings...". All apartments offer expensive concierge services.
Sweett's first rental apartments were situated in Paris, Jerusalem and Tel-Aviv (2014), followed by Brussels, Barcelona, Lisbon and Rome in 2015. Madrid and Milan furthered the company's expansion in 2017, followed by London, Dublin, Seville in 2018. The company aims to expand to other leading European cities and Asia in 2019.
Though initially aimed at tourists, Sweett has been attracting more and more business travelers too and has created dedicated services for them.
Sweett operates in the short-term housing rental market, dominated by the peer-to-peer platforms, but has a different business model.
Since its launch, the company has grown 100% year-over-year.
Factory Town

Factory Town is a concert venue in Hialeah, Florida, a suburb of Miami located in an old abandoned factory.
Factory Town is based out of the formerly abandoned and derelict Dixie Bedding mattress factory built in 1946 which at one point employed 200 people and primarily worked as a contractor to the United States Army to provide bedding for troops. However, during the wider Rust Belt phenomenon in the 1970s the factory would be abandoned, as it was impossible for domestic manufacturers to compete with cheap foreign goods.
Factory Town is the ambition of developer Avra Jain who bought the site to help retain youth in Hialeah, who had been moving out of the city in large numbers. Her vision for the site sought to meet demand for concert spaces in the greater Miami region and to be a competitor to Wynwood. Jain chose to retain the structures of the factory to retain its "raw industrial glory", however, stripping the roofs to make the venue open air. This included keeping a large kapok tree in the middle of the site to create an ecological garden. Factory Town also has no master plan, allowing visiting acts to design the layout of the performance as they wish.
Factory town would become part of the Leah Arts district, which is located between two Tri-Rail stations to make it easier for people to reach the venue. The district was initially proposed by Jain and includes allows outdoor music and entertainment and 24-hour liquor services.
Shortly after its inception, the neighboring city of Miami Springs sued the venue for noise complaints. However, Hialeah's city government has voiced strong support for the venue. Miami Springs has described the venue and it's concerts as "nuisances" and "a significant annoyance" and claimed that there where 243 noise complaints claiming that residents "feared for their safety." Miami Springs demanded Factory Town “abate all noise entering the [city]”. However, since the venue is not located in Miami Springs, the city has instead sought legal action in Miami-Dade County courts. Jain claimed that she had never received any letter of complaint from Miami Springs, and first learned of their grievances when they filed suit against Factory Town. Hialeah's mayor Esteban “Steve” Bovo stated that he would address the concerns, but that he was also upset with neighboring municipalities "dictating what we can and can’t do in our city."
The lawsuit from Miami Springs was ultimately dismissed after Factory Town hired a sound engineer and put in place measures to reduce the noise. However, this has not stopped locals from complaining about the noise including those from Hialeah and Brownsville.
Wake County Speedway

Wake County Speedway "America's Favorite Bullring" is a quarter-mile NASCAR Sanctioned asphalt race track located in Raleigh, NC. The track holds stock car races on alternating Friday nights from April to September. As of the 2024 racing season, Wake County Speedway has seven main classes of race cars which include Late Model Stocks, Chargers, Legends, Mini Stocks, Bandoleros, Bombers and Champ Karts. The track also has special appearances from USAC, East Coast Flathead Fords, and the CARS Tour.
Wake County Speedway was established in 1962 by Glenn, Talmadge and Marvin Simpkins. It was leased out to Donald Macon until 1987. The Simpkins family operated the speedway from 1987 until 2013. It was leased by Adam Resinick for 2 seasons. Mike Stodder operated the track from 2015 to 2017. Charlie Hansen signed a long-term lease in 2018 and is currently operating the Speedway.
At its conception, the track was a 1/4 mile clay race track. Many former NASCAR drivers have made appearances during the tracks history. The drivers include J.D. McDuffie, Benny Parsons, Ken Schrader, Loy Allen, Jr., Dennis Setzer and Randy Renfrow. In 1987, the track was resurfaced with asphalt and remains that way today. In 2023, the track received funds from North Carolina's Motorsports Relief Fund to improve the infrastructure and repave the speedway.
35°42′04″N 78°40′30″W﻿ / ﻿35.701°N 78.675°W﻿ / 35.701; -78.675
Southern Oregon Speedway

42°25′2″N 122°48′4″W﻿ / ﻿42.41722°N 122.80111°W﻿ / 42.41722; -122.80111
Southern Oregon Speedway is a 3/8-mile banked dirt race track located near White City, Oregon, United States.
The speedway is part of the Jackson County Sports Park, which also contains a shooting range, a dragstrip, and a go-kart track.
The track operates on a weekly basis from April through October each year, weather permitting. It features several classes of race cars: Mini Stock, Super 4, Pro Stock, Dwarf, and Modified. Other classes, like 360 Sprint and Late Model, are featured on an irregular basis.
Homenaje a la Mujer del Mundo

El Homenaje a la Mujer del Mundo es una losa pictórica diseñada por Byron Gálvez. Se ubica dentro del Parque David Ben Gurión en la ciudad de Pachuca de Soto, en el estado de Hidalgo, México. Se ha convertido en uno de los monumentos y sitios turísticos más representativos de Pachuca.​
Su construcción comenzó en 2001, para después ser inaugurado el 13 de marzo de 2005 junto con el resto del parque.​ El artista hidalguense Byron Gálvez, es el autor de esta obra siendo una de sus más representativas. En el año 2013 se invirtieron más de novecientos mil pesos mexicanos en su restauración, la cual se llevó a cabo entre los meses de septiembre y noviembre.​
Se ubica en el centro del Parque David Ben Gurión, en la Zona Plateada en Pachuca, Hidalgo. Esta obra funciona como camino entre el centro de convenciones Tuzoforum y el Teatro Auditorio Gota de Plata. Al este se encuentran el Salón de la Fama del Fútbol en México, el Centro Interactivo Mundo Fútbol y la Biblioteca Central del Estado Ricardo Garibay, mientras que al noroeste se encuentra el hotel Camino Real.​
El Homenaje a la Mujer del Mundo es seguido clasificado como mural peatonal, pisal o losa pictórica, esta última siendo la descripción utilizada por su autor. Es está comprendida por dos mil ochenta figuras formadas por alrededor de siete millones de mosaicos de cuarenta y cinco colores diferentes y doce tamaños. Tiene dimensiones de ochenta metros de ancho por cuatrocientos metros de largo, abarcando una superficie de treinta y dos mil metros cuadrados. En esta obra se pueden apreciar distintas mujeres representadas de manera abstracta, rodeadas de figuras geométricas de diferentes tamaños y diversos colores vivos. Está dividida en 16 módulos diferentes.​
Thamco

Thamer Comércio de Ônibus LTDA. (más conocida por su sigla THAMCO) fue una empresa Brasileña, fabricante de carrocerías de autobuses. Uno de sus modelos más famosos fue el ODA (Onibus Dois Andares) apodado 'Fofão', de doble piso y que recordaba a los autobuses de la ciudad de Londres, Inglaterra.
Su nombre se cambió por Neobus.
Thamco Indústria e Comércio de Ônibus pertenecía al empresario paulista Antonio Thamer y sus socios. Fue fundada en mayo de 1985, cuando Thamco llegó a tener la quiebra de Condor (antes Ciferal Paulista), una subsidiaria de la extinta empresa carioca Ciferal, ahora propiedad de Marcopolo. Thamco completó la construcción de una nueva fábrica en el distrito industrial de Guarulhos.
En 1988, Thamco marca el momento con el lanzamiento de dos modelos DD, uno de los cuales es una carretera llamada Gemini y otro urbano, ODA, que fue apodado por los medios como Fofão, ambos estuvieron en producción durante aproximadamente un año.
La gestión imprudente de la empresa, siempre girando en torno a la práctica de los precios bajos en detrimento de la calidad, finalmente la llevó a la pérdida de mercado, la pérdida de la producción y la crisis financiera.
En 1993, comenzaron los atrasos de salarios, despidos de trabajadores, la producción totalmente se paralizó.
Incluso después de 18 años (1996) es posible encontrar modelos firmes y fuertes, dispersas en varias ciudades brasileñas, especialmente en las zonas rurales de difícil acceso, que operan en las pequeñas empresas y/o particulares, hechos que demuestran la solidez y la durabilidad de los productos.
Ha exportado a varios países como El Salvador, Costa Rica, Honduras, República Dominicana, Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela, Ecuador, Perú, entre otros.
Micros y Minis
Urbano
Interurbano
CAIO - Induscar

CAIO - Induscar es una empresa Brasileña que fabrica carrocerías de ómnibus, microbuses adaptados para carga y usos especiales.
Fundada el 19 de diciembre de 1945 por un grupo de empresarios inmigrantes italianos, a finales de los años 90 tuvo dificultades financieras. Induscar comercializa sus unidades en Brasil, y exporta a países de África (Sudáfrica, Angola, Mozambique, Nigeria), América del Norte, Central y del Sur (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estados Unidos, Guatemala, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Perú, República Dominicana, Uruguay, Venezuela), Asia (Indonesia, Jordania, Kuwait, Líbano) y el Caribe (Barbados, Curazao y Trinidad y Tobago) entre otros. Es capaz de producir de 40 carrocerías diarias.​
La marca CAIO (Compañía Americana Industrial de Ómnibus) fue fundada en São Paulo en 1946, en el barrio de Penha, por José Massa, bisabuelo del piloto brasileño Felipe Massa de Fórmula 1. Ha producido miles de carrocerías que se han vendido en todo Brasil. En 2001, el Grupo Ruas asumió el control de CAIO, por medio de Induscar.
En junio de 2017, accionistas de CAIO compraron los derechos y patentes de modelos de la extinta Busscar Ómnibus, formando Nova Busscar, una nueva carrocera que comenzará sus operaciones en la Ex-Planta de producción de Busscar en Joinville a partir de la segunda mitad de 2018, produciendo autobuses de Línea Carretera. Sin embargo, más allá de compartir accionistas, la relación de Nova Busscar y CAIO es aún desconocida.
Urbanos
Interurbanos
Minibuses
Midibuses
(F2500)
Micros
Escolar
Articulados
Biarticulados
Carga
Micros
Minis
Urbanos
Intercity
Escolar
Midi
Escuela Multidisciplinaria de Arte Dramático Margarita Xirgu

La Escuela Multidisciplinaria de Arte Dramático Margarita Xirgu (EMAD) es un instituto de formación artística ubicado en Montevideo (Uruguay). Fundado en 1949, imparte cursos de actuación, diseño teatral y dramaturgia.​
La EMAD fue fundada el 14 de noviembre de 1949 por iniciativa del dramaturgo y político Justino Zavala Muniz –quien ya había creado la Comedia Nacional y la Escuela Municipal de Música– y de la actriz española Margarita Xirgu, que por entonces se encontraba exiliada en Uruguay.​ Se trata de una de las escuelas de arte dramático más antiguas del mundo hispanohablante y la única pública del país.​
En la década de 1970 se comenzó a impartir el curso de diseño teatral, a cargo del escenógrafo Osvaldo Reyno.​En 2010, por resolución de la Intendencia Departamental de Montevideo, el instituto fue nombrado «Escuela Montevideana de Arte Dramático Margarita Xirgu», manteniendo la sigla histórica con la que es conocida popularmente. No obstante, un año más tarde se realizó un nuevo cambio de nombre, pasando a tener la denominación actual.​
En la EMAD se han formado actores, actrices, directores y dramaturgos del teatro uruguayo. En la actualidad no es reconocida como licenciatura, sino como escuela de arte dramático. En 2013 firmó un convenio de asociación al Instituto Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes de la Universidad de la República.​
Durante sus primeros 50 años, la sede de la EMAD fue el ala este del Teatro Solís, sitio en el que también funcionaba la Comedia Nacional.​ En 1998 debido a las reformas llevadas a cabo en el teatro, el instituto fue albergado temporalmente en el Teatro Astral de la Asociación Cultural Zhitlovsky en el barrio Palermo.​ Dos años más tarde fue trasladado al edificio de la Alianza Francesa localizado en el barrio Centro.​ No obstante, a partir de 2001, la sede fue alternando en diferentes lugares, hasta que en 2008 fue establecida en el Palacio Paulino de la zona del Cordón.​
A finales de 2023, debido a problemas de espacio, se anunció que el instituto sería trasladado nuevamente.​ El 28 de enero de 2024 se anunció la compra del edificio sede del Comité Central Israelita del Uruguay y de la Sinagoga de la Kehilá en el barrio Centro.​ El lunes 27 de mayo se inauguró la nueva sede de la EMAD.​
Selección de fútbol de País Sículo

La selección de fútbol de País Sículo (en húngaro: Székely labdarúgó-válogatott) es el equipo que representa a País Sículo en competiciones de fútbol. No pertenecen ni a la FIFA ni a la UEFA, y por lo tanto no pueden participar en los torneos que estos organizan. Sin embargo es miembro de ConIFA.​
En 2013, la Asociación de Fútbol de País Sínculo fue fundada en Budapest, Hungría y fue admitida por la NF-Board después de las iniciativas hechas por Kristóf Wenczel, abogado con antecedentes deportivos que sirve como presidente de la asociación y asesor legal de algunos jugadores de fútbol húngaros que jugaron en el equipo nacional.​ Sin embargo, la NF-Board se disolvió ese mismo año. Desde ese entonces, la ConIFA gestiona gran parte de las selecciones miembro de NF-Board, incluyendo la selección de País Sículo.
John Harley (footballer)

John Harley (also known as Juan Harley; 5 March 1886 – 15 May 1960) was a Uruguay international footballer of Scottish background.
Harley was born in Glasgow, Scotland in 1886 and was raised in Cathcart. By 1906 he had become a railway engineer working in Springburn, near Glasgow. In that year he moved to South America to work on railways along the Río de la Plata. Initially he worked in Argentina where he worked for the Bahía Blanca and North Western Railway and the Buenos Aires Western Railway.
On arriving in Uruguay in 1909 Harley worked for the Central Uruguay Railway. He worked for the railway for 37 years until his retirement.
In Argentina Harley played for Ferro Carril Oeste before being recruited by Uruguayan club Central Uruguay Railway Cricket Club (later Peñarol). Harley was spotted by C.U.R.C.C. when they played a friendly match against Ferro Carril Oeste in 1908.
Harley played with C.U.R.C.C./Peñarol from 1909 until his retirement from football in 1920. He captained C.U.R.C.C./Peñarol for ten seasons.
Harley played his first match for Uruguay in September 1909. He played the last of his 17 matches for the national team in October 1916.
Harley acted as a player/manager of the Uruguay national team from 1909 until at least 1910.
After retiring as a player Harley managed Peñarol.
Harley's time with Peñarol as a player and manager is considered significant for the fact that he changed the Uruguayan style of football from a focus on long ball to a game that featured short passing. This style of play is considered to have contributed to Peñarol and Uruguay achieving significant success up to the 1920s.
In 1951 Harley was honoured with a match between Peñarol and Rampla Juniors at the Estadio Centenario. Over 40,000 spectators, including many former colleagues and members of successful Uruguayan teams, turned out to honour Harley's contribution to Uruguayan football.
Harley died in 1960 in Uruguay, and was buried in The British Cemetery in Montevideo.
CURCC / Peñarol
Uruguay national team
క్రికెట్ పదకోశం - ప-మ

ఇది క్రికెట్ క్రీడలో ఉపయోగించే సాంకేతిక పదకోశం. సాంకేతిక పదాలు క్రికెట్కు సంబంధించి చాల వరకు ఆంగ్లభాష లోనే ప్రాచుర్యంలో ఉన్నాయి. తెలుగులో సమానార్ధాలు ఉండక పోవచ్చు. అందుకని ఈ సాంకేతిక పదాలకు తెలుగు సమానార్ధాలే (ఉంటే) కాకుండా వివరణ క్లుప్తంగా క్రికెట్ సందర్భానికి తగినట్లుగా ఇవ్వడం జరిగింది.
సాంకేతిక పదాలు వాటి అర్ధాలు లేదా వివరణలు ఆంగ్ల వికీపీడియా Glossary of cricket terms నుండి తీసుకున్నాము. వేరే తీసుకున్న పదాలకు ఆధారము (source) ప్రస్తావనాలలో పేర్కొన్నాము.
పదాలు తెలుగు అక్షర క్రమంలో సాంకేతిక పదం ఉచ్చారణ అనుసరించి ఇచ్చాము. ఉదాహరణకి - "బౌలింగ్" ను "బ" అక్షరంలో చూడవచ్చు. "వికెట్" ను W లో కాకుండా "వ" లో ఇవ్వడం జరిగింది.
షబ్బీర్ అలీ (ఫుట్‌బాల్ క్రీడాకారుడు)

షబ్బీర్ అలీ (జననం 1956 జనవరి 26) (ఆంగ్లం: Shabbir Ali) ఒక భారతీయ ఫుట్‌బాల్ మేనేజర్. మాజీ ఫుట్‌బాల్ ఆటగాడు. భారతీయ క్రీడలలో అత్యున్నత పురస్కారం అయిన ధ్యాన్ చంద్ అవార్డుతో షబ్బీర్ అలీని 2011లో భారత ప్రభుత్వం సత్కరించింది. ధ్యాన్ చంద్ అవార్డుకు ఎంపికైన మొదటి ఫుట్‌బాల్ క్రీడాకారుడు అవడం విశేషం.
1956 జనవరి 26న హైదరాబాదులో జన్మించిన షబ్బీర్ అలీ 1970, 1980లలో భారతదేశంలో అత్యుత్తమ ఫుట్‌బాల్ ఆటగాడిగా గుర్తింపు పొందాడు. అతను జాతీయ, అంతర్జాతీయ స్థాయిలో అత్యుత్తమ స్ట్రైకర్ గా గొప్ప గోల్ స్కోరర్. షబ్బీర్ అలీ చిన్న వయస్సులోనే 1974లో ఇరాన్‌తో సంయుక్తంగా బ్యాంకాక్‌లో జరిగిన ఆసియా యూత్ ఛాంపియన్‌షిప్‌లో భారతదేశానికి నాయకత్వం వహించి కీర్తిప్రతిష్ఠలు సంపాదించాడు. అతనిని అప్పటి ప్రధానమంత్రి ఇందిరా గాంధీ ప్రశంసించడం గమనార్హం.
కొన్ని సంవత్సరాలు బొంబాయిలోని టాటా స్పోర్ట్స్ క్లబ్‌తో ఆడిన తర్వాత, షబ్బీర్ అలీని 1970ల చివరలో అగ్రశ్రేణి కలకత్తా క్లబ్, ఈస్ట్ బెంగాల్ ఆకర్షించింది. తరువాత అతను మొహమ్మదీన్ స్పోర్టింగ్‌లో చేరాడు. 1980ల మధ్యలో ఆ క్లబ్ కు గొప్ప పేరుతెచ్చిపెట్టి షబ్బీర్ అలీ పదవీ విరమణ చేసాడు.
షబ్బీర్ అలీ భారతదేశ జాతీయ జట్టుకు 1972, 1984ల మధ్య 13 సంవత్సరాల పాటు సేవలందించాడు. ఆ సమయంలో ఆసియా యూత్, ఆసియా క్రీడలు, ప్రీ-ఒలింపిక్స్, ఆసియా కప్, మెర్డెకా కప్ టోర్నమెంట్, నెహ్రూ గోల్డ్ కప్, కింగ్స్ కప్ లాంటి ఎన్నో టీర్నీల్లో పాల్లొన్నారు. అతను ఆసియా యూత్, ప్రీ-ఒలింపిక్స్, నెహ్రూ కప్, మెర్డెకా, కింగ్స్ కప్ టోర్నమెంట్లలో భారతదేశానికి కెప్టెన్‌గా కూడా వ్యవహరించాడు.
అతని కెరీర్లో అత్యుత్తమ క్షణాలలో ఒకటి 1976లో కౌలాలంపూర్‌లో జరిగిన మెర్డెకా అంతర్జాతీయ ఫుట్‌బాల్ టోర్నమెంట్, అందులో మొదటి 35 నిమిషాల్లోనే ఇండోనేషియాపై హ్యాట్రిక్ సాధించాడు. హ్యాట్రిక్ సాధించిన భారతీయులలో షబ్బీర్ అలీ సాధించిన హ్యాట్రిక్ అత్యంత వేగవంతమైనది.
అతను భారతదేశం తరపున 72 అంతర్జాతీయ మ్యాచ్‌లు ఆడాడు. 1972 నుండి 1984 వరకు తన కెరీర్లో 23 గోల్స్ చేశాడు. ఒక్కో మ్యాచ్‌కు స్ట్రైక్ రేట్ ఆధారంగా అత్యధిక ర్యాంక్ గోల్ స్కోరర్‌లలో షబ్బీర్ అలీ ఒకడు.
2021 మార్చి 1న షబ్బీర్ అలీ హైదరాబాదులో తనపేరున ఫుట్‌బాల్ అకాడమీని ప్రారంభించాడు. ఆ అకాడమీ తెలంగాణ ఫుట్‌బాల్ అసోసియేషన్‌తో అనుబంధంగా పనిచేస్తుంది.