davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
燒味

燒味（粵語：siu1 mei2，英語：siu mei）是中國粵菜中的一種燒烤食品。在酒樓或中式餐館，以至華人地區的快餐店均有提供此類食物。燒味常會配合飯出售，稱為燒味飯，也會配合米粉、河粉、麵等其它主食出售。燒味源于順德，順德人廚藝了得，随着順德人移居省城廣州，順德人將家鄉菜的烹飪技術和菜式，包括燒味，帶到廣州。清末民初，随着嶺南人，包括順德人和廣州人，移居香港，包括燒味等的順德菜，在香港開始流行。 很快香港也發展出自己風味的燒味，叫港式燒味，而源於順得的燒味就稱為廣式燒味。 除了廣東，燒味也流行於澳门、台灣、歐美、東南亞等地，而且他們也發展出自己的特色。
烧味有時被稱為燒臘，但兩者其實有別。香港的「燒臘店」，除售賣燒味外，秋冬兩季也會兼售臘味。但廣東與港澳地區之外的地方大多沒有特別區分兩者。
在广东及香港地区，烧味制品常与卤水制品同店销售，後者稱為滷味。
传统烧味通常包括白斩鸡（也稱為白切雞）、豉油鸡、叉烧、烧肉、乳猪、烧鸭、烧鹅等。
叉烧是中国广东烧味的一种，将猪肉以叉子放在火上烧熟而成，故名。烧烤叉烧时会在表面涂上红色的叉烧酱，故叉烧是红色的。叉烧酱的其他主要材料尚有生抽、蒜蓉、麦芽糖、南乳、五香粉、酒等。好的叉烧应该肉质软嫩多汁、色泽鲜明、香味四溢。叉烧通常选用脢头（猪肩）肉制作，当中又以肥、瘦肉均衡为上佳，称之为“半肥瘦”。以叉烧做的其他菜色包括有：叉烧饭、叉烧包、叉烧酥等等。
品种：
烧乳猪（亦称烤乳猪）是传统食品的一种。制法是将二至六个星期大，仍未断奶的乳猪宰杀后，以炉火烧烤而成。世界不同的饮食文化中都有烧乳猪这种菜色。中国在西周时相信便已有食用烧猪。当时八珍之一的“炮豚”相信便是指烧猪。在西方，古罗马的传统菜谱中亦有烧乳猪一项。现今的中国菜中以粤菜的烧乳猪最广为流传；而在西方国家中，葡萄牙及西班牙俱以烧乳猪为特色菜。
主要菜式：
烧猪是广东传统食品的一种。制法与另一广东烧味烧乳猪基本一样，不同的是采用已成长的猪，而非乳猪来烧烤。烧猪以肋骨部最为肥美可口。平常在广东烧味中的烧肉，即是烧猪的肋骨部份，亦称之为烧腩，作为被再度烹调的食材则称为火腩（例如“冬瓜炆火腩”）。烧猪的其他多骨部份如头、肘等可以用作淆汤或煮粥等。
烧肉以皮脆肉嫩为上品。烧猪可以重十到二十公斤，烧肉无论是脂肪及肉均较多而厚。而烧乳猪一般只重五至六公斤，除了一层脆皮以外，只有很少的脂肪和肉，而且骨软可吃。烧乳猪的每斤价格亦比烧肉高很多；多数售卖烧味的店铺平常都会有烧肉出售，但乳猪却不一定经常供应，通常需事先预订。
烧鸭是烧味的一种，是把填满调味料的鸭，挂进炭炉里用木炭高温烧烤出来的菜式，以皮脆有光泽，皮汁多而不带腥味为上品，通常配以酱汁食用。烧鸭的做法与烧鹅大致相同，但肉质和份量则不及后者。然而由于烧鸭成本较低，故成为了烧鹅的代替品。
烧鹅是烧味的一种，是把填满调味料的鹅，挂进炭炉里用木炭高温烧烤出来的菜式，以皮脆有光泽，皮汁多而不带腥味为上品，通常配以甜酸酱汁食用。香港的烧鹅在制法上无甚分别，但由于成本等原因，在商品說明條例生效前一些香港食肆的烧鹅其实是以鸭代替鹅，但仍然称为烧鹅，而現在把燒鴨稱為燒鵝則觸犯商品說明條例，可被香港海關檢控。 香港以烧鹅驰名的食肆，包括中环镛记及新界深井一带多家烧鹅酒家。
主要菜式：
烧骨一般指猪骨粘上各种香辛料和调料后烤制而成的熟食，是粤菜系列之一，尤以广州花都区的烧骨较为出名。
有機構在2011年6月至7月間所做的調查顯示香港人酷愛燒味，平均每4天便進食1次。在1706名受訪者中，近八成人每周均會進食最少1次或以上燒味，逾一半人更每周食2次或以上，以每次進食的份量為100克推算，港人每年便進食了6.6萬噸燒味。
燒味店的衛生狀況一直為人詬病，由於大部分燒味店位處街市或路邊，其周邊的環境不甚清潔。加上，一般燒味都是掛在店內展示，增加暴露於空氣接觸病菌的風險。而店舖東主亦經常一邊斬切燒味，一邊交收現金，途中鮮有清潔雙手，亦增加食物安全風險。
2012年，連鎖式快餐店大家樂被揭發在運送燒味的過程中，沒有妥善包裝及封密容器，更擺放於流動廁所、垃圾桶及污水旁邊。2014年，旺角有燒臘店被發現在滿佈垃圾雜物及污水的後巷，煮食及存放生肉。
燒味在近年來引起香港社會關於健康問題的廣泛討論。由於燒味多數採用炭烤燒製而成，可能含有過量致癌物質，食環署更是奉勸市民少食燒味以防吸收過多致癌物質。而一些食材，比如叉燒的醬汁亦被認為是多脂食物會增加心血管疾病的風險。
小锅米线

小锅米线是云南昆明一种小吃，口味兼有酸味、鲜味、甜味和辣味，而且价格较为低廉。
小锅米线的煮制使用红铜的小锅，小锅口径较碗略大，使用高汤熬煮。待汤煮沸后，放入剁肉帽子（肉沫）、豌豆尖、酸腌菜、韭菜、西红柿、酱油和油辣椒或糊辣子等，最后放入米线，可依个人口味加入臭豆腐等其他食材。
昆明较为知名的小锅米线品牌有端仕小锅米线、万丰小锅米线、青和小锅米线、铁棚小锅米线、昆夫小锅米线等。
機智醫生生活

《機智醫生生活》（朝鮮語：슬기로운 의사생활／슬기로운 醫士生活），為韓國tvN於2020年3月12日起播出的木曜連續劇，由《請回答系列》、《機智牢房生活》的申沅昊導演與《請回答系列》的李祐汀作家合作打造。此劇以醫院為背景，講述醫生、護理師和患者之間，圍繞著生命進行拼死奮鬥的溫馨故事。
Netflix於2020年3月12日起全球同步上線。
2020年7月2日，申沅昊導演於YouTube頻道《Channel十五夜》直播交代電視劇的最新消息，透露此節目名稱為《機智的清空硬盤》，由於這電視劇是季播劇，第一季完結後會有一段空白期，觀眾需要等待第二季的播出，導演為了報答在等待第二季的觀眾，每周將會通過這YouTube頻道公開不同的影片，例如：選角、初見面、幕後花絮等等。
於2020年7月2日的《Channel十五夜》直播期間，金大明提及到:大家都說「其實不管去哪裡都好，我們甚至曾討論過要一起露營。」就這麼展開了這個綜藝的雛形。直播結束後數月，五位主演為了第二季劇中的樂隊團練再次相聚，練完團後一夥人到餐廳慶功，把酒言歡間談妥了露營事宜，亦只因柳演錫有露營的經驗，最後全部人都決定一切聽從柳演錫的意見，而《機智的露營生活》就此開錄。
你猜你猜你猜猜猜

《你猜你猜你猜猜猜》是台灣中國電視公司播出的綜藝節目，簡稱《你猜》，2011年3月12日首播，主要製作人是王偉忠、詹仁雄，前身為台灣長青綜藝節目《我猜我猜我猜猜猜》。
由於收視率一直沒有太大起色，中視決定自2012年7月28日起，先暫停兩周改播2012年倫敦奧運特別節目(7月28日、8月4日)，再播出最後2集(8月11、18日)後喊停，改由歐漢聲另開新節目《達人總動員》接替。
本單元是製作單位將《我猜》時期的〈真的假不了〉重新包裝而成。
單元開場：「每個人平均一天會說四個謊話，但是某些細微的身體語言卻透露出他在說謊。眼睛朝左看是回憶，眼睛朝右看是編織謊言。用手遮住嘴巴，則是想要掩飾自己正在說謊。抓耳朵的動作，是在說謊時內心焦慮的象徵。本單元會邀請三位在台灣的特殊奇人異士，但其中一個是說謊的。來賓必須從他們的訪談中去推測誰說的是謊話。」
由班主任吳宗憲、助教侯佩岑、以及客座教授帶領團員們一同來教大家各種類型歌曲的技巧，並視當集主題而會有相關題目讓來賓回答。
知名社群網站Facebook創辦人馬克·祖克柏（Mark Zuckerberg）在創辦Facebook之前，他將全校女生的照片以兩兩PK（對比）的方式讓同學們投票，選出最後理想的類型，在當時造成轟動。 由此可見，當人類面臨二選一時，最能夠展露內心渴望。 因此本單元秉持二選一的概念，邀請50位鄉民團進行二選一投票，高票者勝出，低票者則必須淘汰並走出攝影棚。
隨著社會風氣開放，各種傳統的性別觀念也被一一打破，不僅如此，部分時下年輕人也偏好中性打扮。
本單元分兩階段進行：
本單元為外景單元。主持人在街上攔下路人，然後主持人出題目，最接近者即可獲得勝利。
節目每周首播並在第二個小時播出約在第三次與第四次廣告破口時，會以Facebook作為發問問題回答平台，只要在隔天00:30以前回答就有機會獲得當集獎品，但只限定台灣網友可參與。
單元開場白：「它是演藝圈諧星的最高榮耀；它的美，連綜藝天王都不禁落淚。就是它－金好球獎。《你猜》特別企劃，金好球獎爭霸賽，FIGHT FOR HONOR。」本企劃由四組藝人搞笑演出。比賽規則為先由現場五位特別來賓淘汰表現最不好笑的藝人參賽者一組，剩下來的三組由現場50名觀眾評審進行投票選出第一名。本企劃取代原先《FACE不可》單元的播出，共舉辦兩屆。
第一屆2011年5月21日第二屆2011年6月4日
單元開場：每人都有15分鐘成名的機會；不管你來自哪裡，只要你擁有特殊才藝，就有機會站上你猜舞台一較高下。比賽規則為由現場五位特別來賓在每個人進行完才藝後進行投票(實際上是評分)來選出第一名。此單元目前已播過三次2011/07/02(主題:校園風雲人物)2011/07/09(主題:外國人台語歌唱大賽)2011/07/30(主題:明星二代才藝大對決)
食用系少女

食用系少女（英語：You can eat the girl）（日语：食用系少女／しょくようけいしょうじょ），為希萌創意於2018年西洋情人節（2月14日）提出，以傳統台灣小吃萌擬人化為主題的企劃。企劃原名為「果然在美食街尋求邂逅一定是哪裡搞錯了」，後來於6月23日推出第六位角色之後更名為現名，且發行一款同名遊戲軟體。
如同希萌創意的其他企劃，希萌創意發布了針對食用系少女角色相關二次創作的簡易規範，可以在非營利的狀況下進行二創相關行為（如編曲、Cosplay、繪圖、模型創作等），但實體周邊僅可以販售同人本。
本作中，玩家扮演的顧問角色和公司推出的前作《東津萌米 穗姬》較為不同，有較為明顯的預設性別立場，以採開放式的性別形象，方便玩家較為容易融入遊戲之中。
遊戲玩法結合經營概念與美少女遊戲的概念，身為顧問的玩家，需要與三位美少女老闆培養感情，並且從聊天、發宣傳單以及研發新品三個方向下手。除了好感度、人氣、品質等影響遊戲進行的基本條件外，偶爾也會有顧客吵架、食安問題等突發事件讓玩家作出抉擇，這些事情也會影響到顧問本身的商譽，以及最終的結局。
在網路中流傳，官方有在論壇中釋出一版幽默版本，在進行到第28天第一次評鑑時會進入一段強制劇情，會被絢櫻質問「玩的是不是盜版」並強制結束遊戲。
劇情銜接前作的「真相結局」，於本作加入了週目標和陣營系統。在二代作品中顧問將面臨全新的競爭對手、多變的經營環境、錯綜複雜的好感事件，而腐子與蚵蚵將做為二代的重要輔助角色登場，協助顧問在遊戲中找到正確的經營方向。 本次故事之中，由一代出現過的芒果精靈－「果果」和小籠包精靈－「龍兒」晉升為女主角，與新角色牛肉麵雙子－小紅、小清，賭上自家店面展開一場激烈的對決。
本作故事接續在《食用系少女》，珍珠奶茶精靈－小圓順利擴展了手搖飲料店的版圖。但在某一天，新分店的工讀生突然因為中樂透而辭職了，因此只好叫顧問前來幫忙。
本作為希萌創意首次進行的VR遊戲實作，支援 HTC Vive 與 Oculus Rift 裝置。且支援 PC 模式，使沒有 VR 設備的玩家也可以遊玩。
玩家必須於遊戲中的七天之內，向小圓學習製作各種飲料的製作方式，而茶葉、珍珠、牛奶等各式材料都必須從小圓「身上」獲取。同時要在有限的時間裡，完成招待客人的任務、達成客製化飲料的要求。
因為食用系少女首作實體版的成功，希萌與Storia於2018年底開始持續進行在Steam上架的審核申請，然而送審三次皆被駁回。Steam拒絕回覆具體違反的圖像或劇情的部分，因此遊戲團隊決定將原定上架日改成無限期延遲上架，並將持續跟Steam溝通。而2019年中發布的最終送審版本遊戲剪影更預告對角色的體型進行了些許調整，希望能夠順利通過上架審查。若本次仍無法過審，將考慮放棄於Steam平台上架。2019年6月6日，遊戲正式在Steam平台發售。
台南轉運站
柯玲玲

柯玲玲（1951年— ），女，广东揭陽市普宁人，中国前驻英国大使柯华之女，中共中央总书记习近平第1任妻子。
柯玲玲在1979年同习近平结婚，但二人观念不合，又因柯玲玲想移居英国而习近平拒绝随同。1982年两人离婚，结束3年的婚姻关系，两人无子女。柯玲玲同习近平离婚之后移民英国，而习近平在1987年同歌唱家彭丽媛在厦门结婚。根据2010年德国《明镜》周刊引述「维基解密」陆续公开的美国外交密电披露：习近平首段婚姻并不愉快。他早年娶原驻英大使柯华的女儿柯玲玲，但他们在北京夫家「几乎日夜吵架」，终于离婚收场，柯玲玲返英。
2019年1月初，父亲柯华在北京逝世，习近平母齐心、弟习远平送花圈致哀。1月8日，在八宝山殡仪馆举办的遗体送别仪式上，习近平、李克强、汪洋等党和国家领导人赠送花圈。5月17日上午，中共普宁市委书记张时义“会见回乡探亲的原国务院港澳办公室党组成员、顾问柯华的女儿柯玲玲一行”。当地干部参加此次见面座谈会。
Braised pork rice

Braised pork rice (Taiwanese: khòng-bah-pn̄g, Chinese: 焢肉飯, 爌肉飯) is a gaifan dish found in Fujianese cuisine and Taiwanese cuisine. Although subject to regional variations, dishes are typically made of pork belly cooked in a process known as lu (boiled and marinated in soy sauce and sugar) and served on top of rice. Chinese pickles are often eaten with the dish.
Braised pork belly likely originated from Quanzhou, China, and was brought to Taiwan by immigrants during the Qing Dynasty. Along with the similar ló͘-bah-pn̄g (minced pork rice), khong bah png gradually became an integral part of Taiwanese xiaochi culture, commonly found at food stalls or bento stores. Similar dishes can be found within Hakka cuisine, Singaporean, and Malaysian cuisine. Braised pork rice is one of the most notable Taiwanese foods. Braised pork rice is a popular comfort food in Taiwan, with many street vendors and night markets offering their own secret recipes and variations.
Although "焢" and "爌" are both variant characters, the two are more commonly used in the name of the dish than "炕". Additionally, even though all three characters each have different pronunciations in Mandarin Chinese, the Taiwanese Hokkien pronunciation khòng is colloquially used in place. Therefore, the dish is commonly referred to as kòngròufàn in Mandarin.
In southern Taiwan, braised pork rice is referred to as ló͘-bah-pn̄g (Chinese: 滷肉飯; pinyin: lǔròufàn), which in northern and central Taiwan refers to minced pork rice. Minced pork rice is instead named bah-sò-pn̄g (Chinese: 肉燥飯) in the south.
Khòng-bah-pn̄g is one of the three essential dishes in Changhua cuisine, along with bah-oân and cat-mouse noodles (similar to tàⁿ-á-mī). The main difference is that rear leg pork is chosen instead of pork belly. Since the fat and lean meat from this cut often separates during preparation, vendors usually connect the two with a toothpick. The dish is eaten throughout the day, even including breakfast and siu yeh.
In 2011, Changhua hosted a festival for Khong bah png. Eighteen local vendors were invited to serve the dish, and the event was visited by President Ma Ying-jeou. In 2012, Changhua set the Guinness World Record for the largest braised pork rice at 647 kilograms (1,426 lb).
Braising

Braising (from the French word braiser) is a combination-cooking method that uses both wet and dry heats: typically, the food is first browned at a high temperature, then simmered in a covered pot in cooking liquid (such as wine, broth, coconut milk or beer). It is similar to stewing, but braising is done with less liquid and usually used for larger cuts of meat. Braising of meat is often referred to as pot roasting, though some authors make a distinction between the two methods, based on whether additional liquid is added. Osso buco and coq au vin are well known braised meat dishes, and the technique can also be used to prepare fish, tempeh, tofu, or fruits and vegetables.
Most braises follow the same basic steps. The food to be braised (meats, vegetables, mushrooms, etc.) is first pan-seared to brown its surface and enhance its flavor (through the Maillard reaction). If the food will not produce enough liquid of its own, a certain amount of cooking liquid that often includes an acidic element (e.g., tomatoes, beer, balsamic vinegar, wine) is added to the pot, often with stock. A classic braise is done with a relatively whole cut of meat, and the braising liquid will cover two-thirds of the food in the pan. The dish is then covered and cooked at a very low simmer until the meat becomes so tender that it can be "cut" with just the gentlest of pressure from a fork (versus a knife). Often the cooking liquid is finished to create a sauce or gravy as well.
Sometimes foods with high water content (particularly vegetables) can be cooked in their own juices, making the addition of liquid unnecessary.
Despite a common misconception that braising adds moisture to meat, the opposite is true, and the appearance of moisture comes from gentle cooking breaking down connective tissue and collagen, which lubricates and tenderizes fibers.
Braising is used extensively in the cuisines of Asia, particularly Chinese cuisine and Vietnamese cuisine, where soy sauce (or, in Vietnam, soy sauce and fish sauce) is often added to the braising liquid.
Pearl meatballs

Pearl meatballs, also called pearl balls (Chinese: 珍珠丸子; pinyin: zhēnzhū wánzi) or glutinous rice balls (Chinese: 糯米丸子; pinyin: nuòmǐ wánzi), are traditional Chinese meatballs from Hubei and Hunan. They are usually made of ground pork and vegetables, then covered in glutinous rice and steamed.
Historically, pearl meatballs were eaten on festive occasions like birthdays or Chinese New Year, but is now served casually, such as in dim sum. Pearl balls are a part of Mianyang Sanzheng ("The Three Steamed Dishes of Mianyang"), a famous dish in Hubei cuisine.
Pearl meatballs are made with ground pork, mixed with sesame oil, Shaoxing wine, pepper, diced vegetables, and starch or egg white for thickening. The most commonly used vegetables include ginger, water chestnut, scallions, bamboo shoots, mushrooms, and lotus root.
The meat mixture is formed into balls, then rolled and coated in glutinous rice, which is soaked beforehand but not cooked. The balls are then steamed and served in bamboo steamers.
Foshan Haitian Flavouring & Food Co

Foshan Haitian Flavouring & Food Co. Ltd (Chinese: 海天味业) is a Chinese public company that manufactures sauces and flavourings. It is the largest manufacturer of soy sauce in the world.
It is based in Guangdong. The chairman is Pang Kang. Sales in 2012 were around seven billion yuan.
In 2010, it held 16 to 19 percent of the Chinese soy sauce market. Its major competitors included Kikkoman and Lee Kum Kee. The company also manufactures other sauces and condiments such as oyster, hoisin, shrimp and vinegar.
The company was established in the seventeenth century as a group of sauce factories in Foshan.
In 2007, it was bought out by its employees from the government of Foshan. In 2014, it underwent an IPO on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in order to raise funds for expansion. The company raised 3.84 billion yuan after selling 74.85 million shares.
Inago no tsukudani

Inago no tsukudani (いなごの佃煮) is a Japanese dish featuring rice grasshoppers that are boiled in soy sauce and sugar. Inago is the Japanese word for locust. The locusts are prepared in the "tsukudani" style of cooking (boiled in soy sauce and sugar). The dish is traditional in Japan's inland and mountain regions, including Nagano and Fukushima, where it once served as an important nutritional supplement.
Locusts have been regarded as natural enemies of agricultural crops since ancient times because of their ability to swarm, which can lead to plagues. There is no way of avoiding this phenomenon other than decreasing the number of locusts before they swarm. People suffered from locust plagues because the locusts left them with nothing to eat after they swarmed; thus, people started to eat them. Because they contain a large amount of protein, they can be a rich source of energy.
Before cooking, the locusts are placed into a box or bag without food for one night to remove the feces from their bodies.
The locusts are added to boiling water and drained. They are cooked in a hot frying pan without oil and stirred to remove all traces of water from their bodies. Oil is added, and they are stir-fried to be crispy.
Kampung Manggis, Brunei

Kampung Manggis ialah sebuah kawasan kejiranan dalam Bandar Seri Begawan, ibu negara Brunei, serta kampung di bawah Mukim Berakas 'B' dalam Daerah Brunei dan Muara.
Bagi tujuan pentadbiran, Kampung Manggis dibahagikan kepada dua kawasan iaitu Kampung Manggis Satu dan Kampung Manggis Dua. Setiap kawasan ditetapkan seorang ketua kampung serta mempunyai poskod sendiri: poskod bagi Kampung Manggis Satu ialah BC3615 sementara bagi Kampung Manggis Dua ialah BC3515.
Manggis, Manggis

Manggis merupakan sebuah desa/kelurahan yang terletak dalam (daerah) kecamatan Manggis, Kabupaten Karangasem, Wilayah Bali, Indonesia.
Manggis juga merupakan nama bagi pokok manggis.
Poskod yang digunakan di Manggis adalah 80871. Terdapat 12 buah desa/kelurahan di dalam daerah kecamatan Manggis.
Manggis, Bathin III

Manggis merupakan sebuah desa yang terletak dalam (daerah) kecamatan Bathin III, Kabupaten Bungo, Provinsi Jambi, Indonesia.
Poskod yang digunakan di Manggis adalah 37211. Terdapat 9 buah desa di dalam daerah kecamatan Bathin III.
Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Manggis

Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Manggis atau nama ringkasnya SK Sungai Manggis, merupakan sebuah Sekolah Kebangsaan yang terletak di Kampong Sungai Manggis.
Pada 2009, Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Manggis memiliki 208 pelajar lelaki dan 214 pelajar perempuan, menjadikan jumlah keseluruhan murid seramai 422 orang. Ia mempunyai seramai 30 orang guru.
Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (T) Sg Manggis

Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (T) Sg Manggis atau nama ringkasnya SJK (T) Sg Manggis, merupakan sebuah Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan yang terletak di Sungai Manggis.
Pada 2009, Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (T) Sg Manggis memiliki 103 pelajar lelaki dan 119 pelajar perempuan, menjadikan jumlah keseluruhan murid seramai 222 orang. Ia mempunyai seramai 15 orang guru.
dibina semasa penjajahan orang Inggeris.
nama sebenar: SRJK(T) Brookelands.
Cik Manggis

Nurshazwani Shamsuddin (lahir 2 September 1989) atau lebih dikenali sebagai Cik Manggis atau Manggis "De Fam" merupakan seorang penyanyi, pelakon dan pengacara wanita Malaysia. Beliau terkenal sebagai ahli kumpulan De Fam di mana beliau ialah ahli yang paling tertua dalam kumpulan itu, yang turut dianggotai oleh Sophia Liana dan Azira Shafinaz. Selain menyanyi, Cik Manggis juga merupakan seorang pelakon dan pernah mengacarakan sebuah program Astro bersama kumpulannya.
Nurshazwani Shamsuddin yang dilahirkan pada 2 September 1989 di Kuala Lumpur merupakan anak kedua daripada tiga orang adik-beradik.
Cik Manggis merupakan anak kepada pemain dram kumpulan Zurah II, Shamsuddin Idris (Sam) dan telah mendirikan rumah tangga bersama bekas pemain bola sepak pasukan Kuala Lumpur FA, Syazmin Firdaus Aminuddin pada 18 Oktober 2014.
Cik Manggis melalui kumpulan De Fam telah tercalon dalam dua kategori Anugerah Industri Muzik Ke-22 (AIM22) menerusi Artis Baharu Terbaik dan Persembahan Vokal Berkumpulan Terbaik Di Dalam Lagu.
Sebelum memulakan kerjaya bersama De Fam, Cik Manggis terlebih dahulu melakar nama sebagai seorang pelakon.
Drama pertama lakonan Cik Manggis ialah drama terbitan Zeel Production bergandingan dengan Ika Nabila. Rata-rata drama yang dilakonkan oleh Cik Manggis merupakan terbitan Zeel Production sehinggakan ada peminat yang menganggap dia merupakan “anak emas” produksi berkenaan.
Setelah beberapa kali melakonkan watak sampingan, Cik Manggis diberi kepercayaan oleh Datuk Yusry Abdul Halim untuk memegang watak utama dalam drama bersiri yang disiarkan di Astro Warna bertajuk Saka Sisters bergandingan dengan Sara Ali.
Impian Cik Manggis untuk mempunyai kelas tarian sendiri tercapai apabila dia diberi kepercayaan oleh studio tarian 2Twenty2 untuk mengelola kelas koreografi yang dikhususkan untuk wanita pada setiap hari Sabtu.
Berikut ialah single bersama De Fam.
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sungai Manggis

Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sungai Manggis atau nama ringkasnya SMK Sungai Manggis, merupakan sebuah sekolah menengah kebangsaan yang terletak di Kampung Sungai Manggis, Banting, Selangor Darul Ehsan.
Pada tahun 2024, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sungai Manggis memiliki 437 pelajar lelaki dan 479 pelajar perempuan, menjadikan jumlah keseluruhan murid seramai 916 orang. Jumlah kelas sebanyak 39 kelas, terdiri daripada PPKI - 5 kelas, Peralihan - 1 kelas, Tingkatan 1 - 6 kelas, Tingkatan 2 - 6 kelas, Tingkatan 3 - 5 kelas, Tingkatan 4 - 7 kelas, Tingkatan 5 - 7 kelas, SMKSM mempunyai seramai 79 orang Guru dan 9 orang Kakitangan
SEJARAH SEKOLAH 1954 : Penubuhan " Trade School " ( Sekolah Ketukangan) Sungai Manggis. 26 Januari 1958 : Perasmian oleh DYMM Sultan Selangor, Sultan Hishamuddin Alam Shah Ibni
1958 - 1960 : Sekolah ini berfungsi sebagai "Trade School" di bawah kelolaan
1961 - 1968 : Berfungsi pula sebagai Secondary Continuition School (Sekolah Pelajaran Lanjutan) untuk menampung
1968 - 1971 : "Sekolah Lanjutan Kampung" di tutup dan terbiar tanpa operasi 1972 : Dibuka semula sebagai cawangan SMJK (Inggeris) Telok Datok (Kini dikenali sebagai
1973 : Dikenali Sebagai SMJK (Inggeris) Sungai Manggis 1980 : Dikenali sebagai Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sungai Manggis 1 Januari 1998 : SMK Sungai Manggis dinaikkan ke gred A 1997 : Kelas Pendidikan Khas (PPKI) dibuka di sekolah ini menempatkan 7 orang
Julai 2002 : Pembukaan Kelas Tingkatan 6 Bawah sebanyak 2 kelas dan
2005 : Pembukaan kelas Sains Tulen Tingkatan 4 (1 kelas) 2008 : Sekolah naik taraf kepada pengetua DG52, RMK 9 mendapat
2009 : Pelaksanaan pembinaan blok bangunan gantian 4 dan 3 tingkat
2010 : Penyerahan siap 2 blok bangunan gantian tersebut di SM Victoria
2011 : Blok baharu digunapakai. 2012 : SMKSM terpilih menyertai Kohort Pertama daripada 17 buah sekolah
2013 : Bermula gelombang Pertama (2013-2015) Pelan Pembangunan
Tahun 2020:
1.Anugerah 5 Bintang Pertandingan Video Kreatif Sekolah Harmoni Kategori Sekolah Menengah Peringkat Negeri Selangor Tahun 2020
2.
Pekan Sungai Manggis

Pekan Sungai Manggis merupakan pecahan kawasan pentadbiran bagi negeri Selangor.
Selangor dibahagikan kepada beberapa buah daerah dan setiap daerah dibahagikan kepada beberapa mukim (subdaerah/subdistrict).
Pekan Sungai Manggis merupakan salah sebuah mukim yang terdapat dalam negeri Selangor, dan juga merupakan satu dari mukim yang terletak dalam pentadbiran Daerah Kuala Langat.
Duku Langsat

Duku Langsat merupakan sejenis buah dalam keluarga Lansium domesticum. Ia mempunyai sifat gabungan buah duku dan langsat. Ia merupakan kacukan diantara buah duku dan langsat. Rupa bentuk buah dan warna adalah sama seperti langsat. Cuma kulitnya agak tebal dan keras berbanding dengan buah langsat tetapi tidak setebal dan sekeras buah Duku Johor.
Pokok ini berasal dari barat Asia Tenggara, bermula dari India Selatan hingga Filipina. Ia mudah ditemui di Malaysia dan Thailand.
Pokok ini mudah tumbuh seperti kebanyakan pokok buah-buahan tropika iaitu di kawasan tropika & subtropika panas. Selalunya ia ditanam sebagai tanaman selingan di kebun kelapa atau durian. Seperti juga pokok manggis, rambutan dan pokok buah-buahan lain yang berfungsi sebagai pokok peneman yang memberi naungan. Ia tumbuh subur hanya dalam persekitaran terlindung dan lembap dengan ketinggian sehingga 800 m.
Buahnya boleh berbentuk elips, bujur, atau bulat. Setiap buah bulat diliputi oleh kulit agak tebal berwarna kuning kekuningan. Di bawah kulit, buah dibahagikan kepada lima atau enam ulas isi lembut berwarna putih jernih dan berair.
Rasa buahnya sedikit manis hingga sangat masam manakala bijinya rata dan sangat pahit jika dikunyah.
Bahagian atasnya berkilat dan licin, Hujung daunnya berbentuk runcing.
Bunga berwarna putih kuning terdapat dalam bentuk tangkai berkelompok. Bunganya keluar pada batang dan dahan utama.
Ulakan, Manggis

Ulakan merupakan sebuah desa/kelurahan yang terletak dalam (daerah) kecamatan Manggis, Kabupaten Karangasem, Wilayah Bali, Indonesia.
Poskod yang digunakan di Ulakan adalah 80871. Terdapat 12 buah desa/kelurahan di dalam daerah kecamatan Manggis.
Garcinia dulcis

Garcinia dulcis is a tropical fruit tree native to the Philippines, Java, Lesser Sunda Islands, eastern Indonesia (Sulawesi, Kalimantan, and the Maluku Islands), New Guinea and Queensland. It was domesticated early and spread inland into mainland Asia. It is commonly known as mundu or munu in Indonesia and Malaysia, baniti or taklang-anak in the Philippines, and maphuut or ma phut in Thailand. In English, it is sometimes known as yellow mangosteen, although that name is used for several other species as well.
The tree is harvested from the wild as a local source of food, medicine or dyeing material and is sometimes cultivated for its fruit, which is occasionally sold locally. Garcinia dulcis is not grown commercially.
Garcinia dulcis is an evergreen tree with horizontal branches and a dense, pyramidal crown. It can grow up to 15 metres tall and has a short, straight trunk, which can develop to a size of 30 cm in diameter. The tree grows best in areas where annual daytime temperatures are within the range of 22–30 °C and is well adapted to shade and humid conditions. Flowering usually occurs twice a year after long periods of drought.
The orange coloured fruits can be eaten fresh; they contain a sour, juicy pulp, which can be preserved into jam. Green dye can be obtained from the bark, when mixed with indigo it gives a brown colour which is used to dye mats. From the unripe fruits a yellow dye, called gamboge, can be extracted, but is considered inferior to other dyes from members of the same genus like Garcinia xanthochymus. Garcinia dulcis also has medicinal purposes; it can be used for the treatment of wounds or scurvy. Testing on rats has indicated that the fruit's rind could have use as a treatment for metabolic syndrome.
Idioma guayabero

El idioma guayabero es una lengua hablada por los indígenas guayaberos que forma la rama suroccidental de la familia guahibana. Es una lengua aglutinante. Aunque hay libertad relativa en cuanto al orden de las palabras, el orden común de la oración es sujeto, objeto, verbo, pero las circunstancias temporales tienden a anteponerse al sujeto, , el objeto directo tiende a ir entre el sujeto y el verbo y las circunstancias espaciales se posponen al verbo.
Para los nombres hay tres géneros: masculino (-n), femenino (-w) y neutro (-x). El sufijo -t actúa como artículo singular. El plural de los nombres considerados "animados" o en movimiento, se marca con el sufijo -(a)n; los nombres referentes a los humanos se pluralizan -iwi, aunque los términos de parentesco y los pronombres se pluralizan con el sufijo -i. El diminutivo se marca con el sufijo -c y el aumentativo con el prefijo pin-.
Hay posesivos generales (tha_jax: "mi"; wha'jax: "nuestro"; niej_jax: "tuyo", "vuestro"; piaj_jax: "su"); y prefijos posesivos (tha-, wha-, nih-, pih-), para los nombres relativos al poseedor, como los términos de parentesco.
En los pronombres un prefijo distingue entre los que conversan (ja-: "yo" xan, "tú" xam, "nosotros" xatis, "nosotros sin ti" xatisel, "vosotros" xamal) y los demás (japi-: "el" japon, "ella" japow, "ello" japox, "ellos" o "ellas" japi). En la conjugación verbal, mediante sufijos se indican la persona, número, modo y tiempo.
Vocales
En sílabas acentuadas la vocal se realiza cerrada y en sílabas átonas suena abierta.
Consonantes
La n suena ñ después de i y e (/benel/ = béñel : "fariña"). La w suena v al comienzo de la palabra o en sílaba acentuada (/wik/ = vik : "viento"). La k puede sonar g antes de consonante alveolar como l. La s se palataliza y suena sh, al final de la palabra o lde una sílaba después de las vocales i y e. El acento es fonémico (no es predecible), aunque recae en una de las dos últimas sílabas.
Río Guayabero

El río Guayabero es un curso de agua en Colombia,​ que se une con el río Ariari para formar el río Guaviare, que hace parte de la cuenca hidrográfica del Orinoco.​
Nace en la vertiente oriental de la Cordillera Oriental de los Andes, en el parque nacional natural Cordillera de los Picachos​ y luego fluye hacia el sureste para sortear la Serranía de la Macarena y luego hacia el este antes de unirse al Ariari.
Kariba suit

A Kariba or Kareeba suit is a two-piece suit for men created by Jamaican designer Ivy Ralph, mother of Sheryl Lee Ralph, in the early 1970s to be worn on business and formal occasions as a Caribbean replacement for the European-style suit and a visual symbol of decolonisation. The suit was popularised by Michael Manley, the leader of the People's National Party (PNP). The style of the jacket is considered a formalised version of a safari jacket or bush shirt common in Africa, worn without a shirt and tie, making it more comfortable clothing for a tropical climate.
After PNP came to power in Jamaica in 1972, the Parliament passed a law recognising that the Kariba suit was appropriate for official functions and Manley, by now Prime Minister, wore a "fancy black one" when he met Queen Elizabeth II. Members of Manley's political party, PNP, became recognizable by their adoption of the Kariba suit, rather than a western suit and tie favoured the opposition party JLP. The Kariba suit was a symbol of "cultural decolonisation". In his memoirs, The Politics of Change, Manley called the decision to wear a jacket and tie, in the tropical realties of the Caribbean, the "first act of psychological surrender" to "colonial trauma". In 1981 the newly formed JLP government announced that the Kariba suit was no longer considered proper dress for parliamentarians. Parliament then required that MPs, visitors and journalists dress "with propriety": interpreted as no Kariba suits and no guayabera shirts. Whether as a consequence of this or not, Manley himself seems to have abandoned the Kariba suit during his second tenure as Prime Minister from 1989 to 1992.
In its heyday, the style of suit was also popular with other politicians, notably people like D.K. Duncan, a member of PNP, Errol Barrow prime minister of Barbados, Forbes Burnham president of Guyana, and Julius Nyerere president of Tanzania. Ivy Ralph, the designer of the Kariba suit, was awarded the Order of Distinction in 1999 for outstanding contribution to the promotion of fashion.
Embroidered Uniform Guard

The Embroidered Uniform Guard (traditional Chinese: 錦衣衞; simplified Chinese: 锦衣卫; pinyin: Jǐnyīwèi; lit. 'brocade-clothing guard') was the imperial secret police that served the emperors of the Ming dynasty in China. The guard was founded by the Hongwu Emperor, founding emperor of Ming, in 1368 to serve as his personal bodyguards. In 1369, it became an imperial military body. They were given the authority to overrule judicial proceedings in prosecutions with full autonomy in arresting, interrogating and punishing anyone, including nobles and the emperor's relatives.
The Embroidered Uniform Guard was tasked with collecting military intelligence on the enemy and participation in battles during planning. The guards donned a distinctive golden-yellow uniform, with a tablet worn on his torso, and carried a sword (Dao) known as the embroidered spring knife (Chinese: 绣春刀; pinyin: Xiù chūn dāo).
The Jinyiwei originated as early as 1360. They served as Zhu Yuanzhang's personal bodyguards and defended him during a battle with the warlord Chen Youliang. After Zhu founded the Ming dynasty and became the Hongwu Emperor, he doubted his subjects' loyalties towards him and was constantly on guard against possible rebellions and assassinations. One of the early duties of the Jinyiwei was to help the emperor spy on his subjects. The Hongwu Emperor increased the Jinyiwei's duties later, allowing them to inspect his officials at work in the capital city, before formally establishing it in 1382 with about 500 members. Their numbers subsequently increased to around 14,000 in just three years.
In 1393, the Hongwu Emperor reduced the Jinyiwei's duties after they allegedly abused their authority during the investigation of a rebellion plot by general Lan Yu, in which about 40,000 people were implicated and executed. When the Yongle Emperor ascended to the throne, he was afraid that his subjects might be discontented with him, because he came to power by usurping his nephew's throne (see Jingnan campaign). He reinstated the Jinyiwei's authority to increase his control over the imperial court. The Jinyiwei was disbanded after 262 years of existence when Li Zicheng's rebel forces overthrew the Ming dynasty in 1644.
The Embroidered Guard were authorized to overrule judicial proceedings in prosecuting those deemed as enemies of the state, granted with full autonomy in arresting, interrogating, detaining them without trial and punishing them, without going through due process. They were bound to the service of the emperor and took direct orders from him. They also served as political commissars for the Ming armies in times of war. In the later years of the Ming dynasty, the Jinyiwei were placed under the control of the Eastern Depot faction. As the government sank into corruption, the Jinyiwei was constantly used as a means of eliminating political opponents through assassinations and legal prosecutions.
The headquarters of the Jinyiwei was to the west of Tian'anmen Square where the Great Hall of the People is located at present.
Guards wore the following:
Spesad

Er vevoniezh e vez implijet an termen spesad evit unan eus ar renkoù rummouriel diazez a reer ganto evit sevel renkadurezh ar bevien. Termenet e vez ar spesadoù evel strolladoù ar bevien (plant ha loened) a c'hell gouennañ etrezo ha genel distaoladennoù distag ha strujus. Graet e vez al labour rummata gant daou seurt bevoniourien, al loenoniourien hag al louzawourien (ar re-se evit rummata ar plant).
Dre vras e talvez meur a anv boutin implijet evit loened ha plant anavezet mat evit hini ar spesad (leon, ki-dour), met meur a spesad a ya dindan ar skrev, da skouer.
Ul labour pouezus eo klask peseurt spesadoù distag a c'heller kavout daoust d'an heñvelidigezhioù. Meur a wech e vez kavet daou spesad pa veze kredet e oant unan hepken. Pa vez divizet ez eus ur spesad en e unan e vez savet un anv daoudel, da lavaret eo anv latin ar genad heuliet gant anv latin ar spesad. An daou anv a zo anv skiantel ar bevien.
E 2004 e oa bet kinniget niveriñ spesadoù ar vevien er mod-se : [3]
Koulskoude e kred meur a vevoniour eo kalz uheloc'h niver ar spesadoù a ya da vezañ renket e-barzh genadoù zo :
Yezhoù altaek

Ur familh-yezhoù eo ar yezhoù altaek (saozneg: Altaic), ennañ 65 yezh komzet gant tro-dro da 250 milion a dud en holl e kreiz Azia, e reter pellañ Europa, e Sina, Mongolia, Rusia (Azia), Turkia, Turkmenistan, Kazac'hstan, Kirgizstan, Ouzbekistan, Afghanistan, Azerbaidjan, Iran, Lituania, Moldova ha Georgia.
Ne deu ket a-benn ar yezhonourion d'en em glevet war peseurt liamm resis e vije etre ar yezhoù lakaet a-stroll er familh yezhoù-mañ. Setu penaos e vez renket ar yezhoù er familh-mañ:
Mol

Ar mol (simbol : mol) a zo un unanenn ziazez eus ar sistem etrebroadel a vez graet ganti war dachennoù ar fizik hag ar gimiezh dreist-holl. Ar mol eo kementad danvez ar sistemoù a zo enno kement a hamboudoù elfennel hag ez eus a atomoù e-barzh 0,012 kilogramad karbon 12. Graet e vez niver Avogadro eus an niver-se a hamboudoù a dalvez war-dro 6,0221353 × 10.
Pa vez kaoz eus moloù ez eo a-bouez bras lavaret ivez peseurt hamboudoù a vez kontet. Gallout a reont bezañ :
Blanche de France

Blanche de France zo bet anv meur a rouanez hag a briñsez c'hall .
Degouezhet e oa e tiegezh roueel Bro-C'hall gant dimeziñ infantez Kastilha, Blanche de Castille gant ar roue gall Loeiz VIII. Goude-se e voe roet da veur a briñsez.
Dre zimeziñ eo tremenet an anv eus Bro-C'hall da Vro-Saoz, dre an tiegezh Lancaster.
Ouzhpenn Blanche de Castille ez eus bet div rouanez c'hall all anvet Blanche.
Kentañ meneg eus an anv Blanche a voe e Tiegezh an Ingelgerien, gant:
Saonenn

Un draoñienn pe traonienn pe saon pe saonenn zo un dachennad douar izel etre menezioù pe torgennoù. Gallout a ra bezañ bras pe bihan. Deveret eo eus traoñ.
Diouzh meur a brosesus douaroniel e c'hell bezañ stummet an traoñiennoù :
Bez e c'heller kavout stummoù nes d'an traoñiennoù war ar planedennoù hag al loaroù. Marteze eo bet krouet traoñiennoù al Loar diwar un regennad toulloù-diskarg dre stekiñ. Traoniennoù bihan a c'hell dont eus flodoù al lavaoù pe eus bihannadur lederezhioù al lavaoù p'edont o yenaat.
Bez ez eus un draoñienn hir-kenañ war ar blanedenn Meurzh, Valles Marineris hec'h anv ha 4000 km e hed.
Traoñienn ar Rouaned

Traoñienn ar rouaned a zo un takad eus Henegipt ma voe savet bezioù evit an uhelidi hag ar faraoned eus ar XVIvet kantved d'an XIvet kantved kt JK.
Lec'hiet eo war ribl kleiz an Nil, eus tu ar c'hornôg, a-dal da Ouaset (Louksor a-vremañ).
Traoñienn Aosta

Traoñienn Aosta (Val d'Outa en arpitaneg; Vallée d'Aoste pe Val d'Aoste e galleg; Valle d'Aosta en italianeg) a zo unan eus rannvroioù Italia. Aosta eo ar gêrbenn.
Dont a ra an anv eus kêr Aosta, eus anv an impalaer Aogust a ziazezas kêr Aosta, a oa Augusta Praetoria e latin. Kar eo eta d'an anv brezhonek Eost, ar miz (a zo Awst e kembraeg).
Traoñienn Aran

Traoñienn Aran (Val d'Aran anv ofisiel okitanek, Vall d'Aran e katalaneg, Valle de Arán e spagnoleg) zo un draoñienn er Pireneoù a zo stag ouzh Spagn, e korn gwalarn Katalonia ar C'hreisteiz. E-kreiz aradennad ar Pireneoù emañ ha drezi e tremen ar stêr Garona.
Unan eus traoñiennoù uhelañ ar Pireneoù eo (un drederenn eus an tolead zo tremen 2 000 metr a-us ar mor), ha bez' ez eo an tamm nemetañ eus Katalonia ar C'hreisteiz a zo war gostez hanternoz ar menezioù-se, da lavaret eo al lodenn nemetañ eus Katalonia a red he dourioù war-zu an hanternoz ha war-zu ar Meurvor Atlantel.
Troc’het eo diouzh ar peurrest eus Stad Spagn gant menezioù uhel ha n’int treuzet nemet gant daou hent : un ode war an uhel hag un tunnel dindan torosennad ar Maladeta. Toullet e voe un tunnel kentañ dindan renad Franco, e 1948, hag e 2007 e voe digoret unan nevez en e lec’h. Alies e vez stanket an ode gant an erc'h er goañv. Abalamour da se ez eo bet diaes e-pad pell an darempredoù etre an draoñienn ha kreisteiz ar Pireneoù. Aesoc’hik e oa al liammoù gant an hanternoz, pa ne oa nemet diskenn a-hed ar stêr Garona da ober.
Unan eus komarkoù Katalonia eo Vall d'Aran, kelc’hiet gant Stad Frañs en hanternoz, proviñs spagnol Aragon er mervent, ha comarques katalan Alta Ribagorça ha Pallars Sobirà er c’hreisteiz hag er reter. Da 10 175 a dud e save poblañs an draoñienn e 2020. Vielha e Mijaran eo kêr-benn an tolead.
E Traoñienn Aran e vez kaozeet araneg, a zo ur rannyezh okitanek. Un doare gwaskoneg eo, gant e zoare-skrivañ dezhañ. Yezh ofisiel an draoñienn eo an okitaneg, asambles gant ar c’hatalaneg hag ar spagnoleg. Holl anvioù-lec’h ar vro vihan zo en okitaneg hepken war ar panelloù (da skouer Vielha ha n’eo ket Viella evel ma vije skrivet e katalaneg hag e spagnoleg). Kelennet e vez araneg en holl skolioù abaoe 1984.
Er Grennamzer e oa stag parrezioù Traoñienn Aran ouzh eskopti Sent Bertran de Comenge, a zo ur gêr un tamm pelloc’h en hanternoz ha bremañ er Stad c’hall. Ul lodenn eus an eskopti-se e chomas an draoñienn betek 1802. Met er Grennamzer ivez e oa an draoñienn e dalc’h aotrouien eus an diavaez, a-bep-eil konted Bigorra, konted Comenge, konted eus Katalonia pe rouaned Aragon. Meur a wech e voe staget ouzh kurunenn Aragon (e 1067, e 1312...). E 1512 e voe adstaget da vat ouzh rouantelezh Aragon, a oa neuze un tamm eus rouantelezh nevez Spagn.
Aloubet e voe an draoñienn gant ar C’hallaoued adalek 1808 betek 1815 hag un tamm eus an departamant Haute-Garonne e voe neuze (arondisamant Sent Gaudenç).
E dibenn renad Francisco Franco e voe adsavet ensavadurioù emren an draoñienn. D’ar 26 a viz Gouere 1979 en em vodas dilennidi ha pennadurezhioù ar vro da grouiñ ar Bodad evit adsevel ensavadurioù istorel Traoñienn Aran.
Kuzul meur Aran (Conselh Generau d'Aran en araneg) eo ar c’huzul dilennet karget da ren aferioù an draoñienn. Savet e oa bet e 1991 ha 13 ezel zo ennañ. Abaoe 1991 e vez lidet Devezh ar vro, bep bloaz, d'ar 17 a viz Mezheven, e koun an dilennadeg kentañ a oa bet evit ar c'huzul-se d'ar 17 a viz Mezheven er bloaz-se.
Hiziv an deiz ez eo deuet an touristerezh da vezañ ur gennad a bouez bras e buhez an draoñienn.
Gwerz Metig

Kloarec Koat ar Rannou ha Penn-herez Kerzanton zo ul levrig brezhonek, gant Yann-Vari ar Skourr, embannet e 1870. Brudet eo bet dreist-holl dre ma oa embannet war follennoù distag.
Anavezet eo ar skrid-se dindan stumm ur ganaouenn a zo brudet e-touez ar ganerien festoù-noz, hag anvet "Metig" ganto peurvuiañ, pe Gwerz Metig, pe Son Metig .
Savet eo ar werz e gwerzennoù trizeksilabennek, gant un ehan goude ar seizhvet silabenn (7 + 6), ha gant se e c'haller hec'h implij aes da ganañ gavotenn.
Kanet eo bet gant tost an holl ganerien festoù-noz, er-maez eus Bro-Wened : C'hoarezed Goadeg, Breudeur Morvan, ha gant Alan Stivell.
E 2023 eo bet kanet e Kan ar Bobl Pondivi gant bugale eus Skol Diwan Gwengamp.
Skarn (strollad)

Skarn a oa anv ur strollad sonerezh folk metal breizhat ha brezhonek bet savet e 2011 e Roazhon. Redek al leurennoù hag ar festoù-noz a reas e Breizh ha pelloc'h e-pad eizh vloaz.
Ur CD pevar zitl, anvet « Yenijenn », a voe enrollet e 2013, ar sonerezh savet gant Skarn hag an holl gomzoù gant Moran Dipode.
A-c'houde kimiad Moran Dipode, aet da vevañ er Rouantelezh-Unanet, e paouezas Skarn da seniñ er festoù-noz e miz Ebrel 2019. Leisly Castillo eus Monterrey e Mec'hiko eo kanerez nevez ar strollad, a zo anvet NightSeed bremañ.
Oya (lace)

Oya, “Turkish lace”, is a Turkish word that means various forms of narrow lace trimmings, that is worn throughout the eastern and southern parts of the Mediterranean region, as well as Armenia. It is thought to date back as far as the 8th century BC, to the Phrygians of Anatolia. Some argue that the needlework and the decorate edging spread from 12th century Anatolia to Greece and from there via Italy to Europe. Oya appears in various forms and motifs, with the most beautiful examples made by aristocratic, urban and experienced women in the Ottoman palace. Today, it is still very popular among the Turkish elite and is highly sought after and very collectible.
Oya is used on headdresses and scarves of women, undergarments and outer garments alike, and frequently on household textiles, such as the edges of towels, napkins, and table cloths; in the Aegean Region even men’s headdresses were decked with layers upon layers of oya. Modern oya is also used in jewelry making. The basic types include the needle made oya (usually three-dimensional), the crochet oya and the hairpin oya. It is often combine with beads, sequins and other decorative pieces.
Young girls, new brides traditionally conveyed their love, hopes, expectations and happiness through the oya they wore. Many motifs are inspired by nature, usually the flowers and fauna found in the Turkish countryside. As the craft evolved, various motifs began to take on certain symbolic meaning, almost like a secret language between the women. For example, women would wear oya with different flowers depending on their age; older women wore tiny wild flowers while young women and brides wore roses, jasmine, carnations, violets, fuchsia; yellow daffodils signified hopeless love; a wife whose husband had gone abroad to work would warp wild rose oya around her head; a girl in love wore purple hyacinths. By the 21st century, machine-made oya is available for sale, but is not as popular as the handmade version, thought to be more “alive”.
Le Tallec's patterns

Camille Le Tallec has preserved and created in its studio more than 375 Limoges porcelain decorative patterns signed by the Le Tallec's marks. There were realized in the French technical tradition of the 18th and 19th centuries, developed for the Sèvres porcelain. From 1961, some of the Le Tallec's patterns were especially created for Tiffany & Co and by 1990 when the studio was acquired by the jewelry and silverware company an extensive new creation process had then been engaged.
The list of the 100 most popular patterns amongst others:
In addition, Camille Le Tallec has also interacted with modern artists, which occurred to be friends, especially after the WWII to create original and limited series of patterns. Among them may be cited :
Needle lace

Needle lace is a type of lace created using a needle and thread to create hundreds of small stitches to form the lace itself.
The origins of needle lace date back to the 15th century and embroidery. Cutwork and drawn work were developed to add interest to white on white embroidery, and the methods used in these techniques led to needle lace. A second expert puts the development of needle lace in the following century, the 16th, in Italy, also stemming from embroidery, the openwork on linen technique called reticella. To show off their wealth in that period in Italy, the aristocracy favored wearing rich cloth embellished by embroidery and braid. As the century progressed, the small areas that were cut from the fabric to highlight the needle lace were replaced by much larger areas of cutwork. The needlework was dependent on remaining threads running vertically and horizontally, leaving squares and rectangles, which led to geometric designs.
Venice was a center of needle lace making in the 1400s, as documented by official records. In the 1500s, city officials decreed that young men in Venice were prohibited from lace wearing until they had turned 25. Lace was a prized possession, appearing in lists of people's assets.
A variety of styles developed where the work is started by securing heavier guiding threads onto a stiff background (such as thick paper) with stitches that can later be removed. The work is then built up using a variety of stitches—the most basic being a variety of buttonhole or blanket stitch. When the entire area is covered with the stitching, the stay-stitches are released and the lace comes away from the paper.
Needle lace is also used to create the fillings or insertions in cutwork.
In its basic form, the only equipment and materials used are a needle, thread and scissors. Often there is a supporting substrate that is used to tether the outline stitches for the basic framework, and then many types of stitches will fill in the open spaces subsequently. Many different needle lace styles and traditions have developed over the centuries, and distinctive stitches can characterize different styles. Many needle lace texts are available to assist contemporary lacemakers to reproduce the classic stitches. Modern lacemakers can also explore contemporary design and novel uses for needle lace beyond the traditional reproduction work.
The Royal School of Needlework contains a stitch library of many types of stitching, including some needle lace techniques. For example, Hollie Point structure and steps can be examined in detail.
Guipure

Guipure lace is a type of bobbin lace. It connects the motifs with bars or plaits rather than net or mesh.
Guipure is a French word. It used to describe lace which has a gimp or thicker thread to outline the pattern, but this is no longer used.
Genoese lace was a guipure lace. Genoese lacemakers went to Malta to found the style of Maltese lace. This later inspired the style of English lace known as Bedfordshire lace.
Another guipure lace is Cluny lace, which originated in France, but spread elsewhere, such as the English lacemaking areas.
National Forests Office (France)

The National Forests Office (French: Office national des forêts), or ONF, is a Government of France agency that manages the state forests, city forests and biological reserves. ONF is based in Paris.
The office is responsible for the sustainable management of France's approximately 10 million hectares of public forests. The ONF takes over their protection and carries out forestry policing tasks. Around 9,000 civil servants work at the ONF and its regional offices. ONF is under legislation of Ministère de l'Agriculture and Ministère de la Transition écologique et solidaire.
ONF was founded in 1964. Since 1980, almost a third of the ONF workforce has been cut. The agency had gone through a series of structural reforms in the 2000s. Le Monde reported in 2012 that 30 forest officials took their own lives between 2002 and 2012. An internal analysis reported demotivation at the workplace, a high level of stress and a serious risk of psychosocial disorder for ONF employees.
Gargush

The gargush (Hebrew: קרקוש) is a traditional Yemenite Jewish headdress, resembling a hood that is thought to have originated in the Sanaʿite community. It's worn as a traditional headpiece among Israeli Jews in the modern era.
Yemenite Jews have throughout the ages preserved ancient Jewish modesty traditions through their clothing. The gargush has been the primary headdress worn by Yemenite Jewish women for many generations. In Sana'a and the surrounding area, the gargush distinguished Jewish women from Muslim women. Jewish women of all ages would wear the gargush; however, the design and material used would vary depending on marital status, locality, and occasion.
The gargush was made to comply with the biblical mandate on married women covering their hair. It acts as a hood-like headpiece which extends onto the shoulders, and is closed under the chin by a button. The wearer's marital status was often signified by the jewelry and ornaments attached to the gargush. The materials used varied from black cotton and velvet (gadifah) to golden-threaded brocade (mizahhar).
The most decorated gargush among Jewish women in Sana'a was the gargush mizahhar mirassaf (the full golden hood), which was adorned with gilt silver filigree (made by Yemenite Jewish silversmiths) and gilt coins hanging on the exterior. It was usually part of a woman's dowry from her father. On the Sabbath and Jewish holidays, women would wear a variant known as gargush gadifah, which is made of black velvet, with silver decorations around the hood border.
Traditionally, in Yemenite Jewish culture, at the age of seven, a girl would wear her first gargush, typically a basic one with nominal silver decorations. Around the age of 12, she would receive a fancier costume and gargush. Bridal gargushes are viewed as elaborate headpieces, completely covered up by gold-patterned brocade laced with golden ornaments. After getting married, a woman was required to wear a gargush when outside or whenever visitors were present.
Outside of signifying modesty, gargushes were seen as sexual signals. Wearing fancy make-up while wearing a gargush was seen as showing sexual desire to her husband. In public, a woman would be viewed as promiscuous if her gargush was worn loose.