davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Giovanni Lapentti

Giovanni Lapentti Gómez (Guayaquil, 25 de enero de 1983) es un extenista y entrenador ecuatoriano. Es familiar de otros tenistas: sobrino de Andrés Gómez, hermano de Nicolás Lapentti, primo de Roberto Quiroz y Emilio Gómez.
La posición más alta alcanzada (ranking) en individuales fue el puesto 110 en mayo de 2005. Jugó por primera vez la Copa Davis en 1998.
Giovanni Lapentti se convirtió en profesional en 2002, pero tuvo su primer partido en la gira en 2003, en el Franklin Templeton Classic en Scottsdale, Arizona. Obtuvo su primera victoria profesional en la primera ronda de ese torneo, derrotando a Paradorn Srichaphan, 7–6 (7–2), 6–2. Perdió en la segunda ronda del torneo ante David Sánchez.
Participó en el Roland Garros de 2003, perdiendo en la primera ronda. Durante el torneo, estuvo arriba por 1 set ante Tommy Robredo, pero tuvo que retirarse en el cuarto set debido a una lesión, por lo que no regresaría a la gira profesional hasta 2004.
Para el 2004, Lapentti no tendría un buena temporada en el circuito de la ATP, al quedar eliminado en primera ronda en varios torneos, pero aun así, logró participar por primera vez en el Masters de Indian Wells 2004 tras pasar la fase clasificatoria.
Tuvo mejores resultados en 2005, perdiendo en los playoffs de Copa Davis ante Jürgen Melzer (solo jugó un partido de Copa Davis ese año), y avanzó a la segunda ronda del Torneo de Washington, donde fue derrotado por Andy Roddick. Llegó a la tercera ronda de un torneo ATP por primera vez cuando participó en el Torneo de Indianápolis (perdiendo ante Paul Goldstein), también avanzó a la segunda ronda del Torneo de Newport y a la tercera ronda del Tennis Channel Open. El único torneo en el que participó y no logró llegar a la segunda ronda durante el 2005 fue en el Torneo de Indian Wells, donde perdió ante Kevin Kim. Con todos esos resultados, llegaría a su máximo ranking de 110 el 23 de mayo de 2005.
En 2009 participó en su segundo grand slam, el US Open, al que ascendió tras pasar tres rondas clasificatorias, pero en el partido de primera ronda perdió ante Simon Greul en cinco sets.
Giovanni debutó en 1998 cuando Ecuador derrotó 5-0 a Bahamas, con una victoria sobre Bjorn Munroe por 6-3 7-6(2).
Dos años más tarde, en la repesca de la Copa Davis 2000, Giovanni le daría la clasificación a Ecuador sobre Gran Bretaña, al derrotar en el último partido a Arvind Parmar en cinco sets (4-6, 3-6, 6-1, 6-3, 6-3).
Su récord en la competición es de 5 victorias y 7 derrotas.
Guayas Fútbol Club

El Guayas Fútbol Club es un equipo de fútbol profesional de fútbol ecuatoriano, de la ciudad de Durán, Provincia del Guayas, Ecuador. Fundado el 20 de diciembre de 2015,​ luego de comprarle la franquicia al Valdez Sporting Club. Actualmente juega en la Segunda Categoría de Ecuador.
El Estadio "Pablo Sandiford" de la ciudad de Durán, es la sede principal de este equipo profesional, ubicado en el km. 1 ½ Vía Durán-Tambo y Av. Roberto Borrero Elizalde, éste es el escenario emblemático donde los fines de semana se llena de algarabía, las personas iban llenos de alegría por disfrutar ver ganar al equipo de la ciudad, como era el Ferroviarios ahora verán al Valdez S.C. en su lucha por ascender.
Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup 2023

La U.S. Open Cup 2023 fue la edición número 108 de la U.S. Open Cup, una competición a eliminación directa en el fútbol estadounidense organizada por la Federación de Fútbol de los Estados Unidos. En esta edición se disputó desde marzo hasta finales de septiembre de ese año.​
Esta edición contó con 100 clubes y Orlando City partió como el campeón defensor.​
El ganador del torneo fue el Houston Dynamo que derrotó en la final al Inter Miami, ganando su segundo título en la competición y clasificando a la Copa de Campeones de la Concacaf 2024.
En esta ronda ingresaron un total de 28 equipos de la categorías amateurs USCS, USASA, USSSA, ANFEEU, NPSL y USL2. Los partidos se jugaron entre el 21 y 23 de marzo de 2023.​
En esta ronda participaron un total de 60 equipos, 14 ganadores de la primera ronda y 46 entrantes de las divisiones MLS Next Pro, NISA, USL1 y USL Championship. Los partidos se jugaron entre el 4 y 11 de abril de 2023.
En esta ronda participaron un total de 48 equipos, 30 ganadores de la segunda ronda y 18 entrantes de la Major League Soccer. Los partidos se jugaron entre el 25 y 26 de abril de 2023.
En esta ronda participaron un total de 32 equipos, 24 ganadores de la tercera ronda y los 8 equipos restantes de la Major League Soccer. Los partidos se jugaron entre el 9 y 10 de mayo de 2023.
En esta ronda participaron un total de 16 equipos, todos ganadores de la cuarta ronda. Los partidos se jugaron entre el 23 y 24 de mayo de 2023.
En esta ronda participaron un total de 8 equipos, todos ganadores de los octavos de final. Los partidos se jugaron entre el 6 y 7 de junio de 2023.
En esta ronda participaron un total de 4 equipos, todos ganadores de los cuartos de final. Los partidos se jugaron el 23 de agosto de 2023.
En esta ronda participaron un total de 2 equipos, los ganadores de las semifinales. El partido se jugó el 27 de septiembre de 2023.
Turner Sports tuvo los derechos para transmitir la U.S. Open Cup de 2023 a 2030, como parte de un acuerdo de derechos de medios más amplio con la Federación de Fútbol de los Estados Unidos.​​
Por su parte, en España la final se pudo seguir por Movistar.
Torneo de Winston-Salem 2023

El Winston-Salem Open 2023 fue un torneo de tenis perteneciente al ATP Tour 2023 en la categoría ATP Tour 250. Tuvo lugar en la ciudad de Winston-Salem, Carolina del Norte, Estados Unidos, desde el 20 hasta el 26 de agosto de 2023 sobre canchas duras.​ Formó parte del US Open Series 2023.
Sebastián Báez venció a Jiří Lehečka por 6-4, 6-3
Nathaniel Lammons / Jackson Withrow vencieron a Lloyd Glasspool / Neal Skupski por 6-3, 6-4
Masters de Cincinnati 2023

El Masters de Cincinnati 2023 fue un torneo de tenis perteneciente a la ATP en la categoría de ATP Tour Masters 1000​ y a la WTA en la categoría WTA 1000.​ Se disputó del 13 al 20 de agosto de 2023 en Cincinnati, Ohio (Estados Unidos), sobre canchas duras, el cual pertenece a un conjunto de torneos que forman el US Open Series 2023.
Novak Djokovic venció a Carlos Alcaraz por 5-7, 7-6, 7-6
Cori Gauff venció a Karolína Muchová por 6-3, 6-4
Máximo González / Andrés Molteni vencieron a Jamie Murray / Michael Venus por 3-6, 6-1, [11-9]
Alycia Parks / Taylor Townsend vencieron a Nicole Melichar / Ellen Perez por 6-7, 6-4, [10-6]
Torneo de Pekín

El Torneo de Pekín o Abierto de China (oficialmente y en inglés China Open) es un torneo oficial profesional de tenis que se realiza en Pekín, China, sobre pista dura.
Desde el año 2004 está incluido en el calendario del circuito ATP (hombres) y WTA (mujeres), y se lleva a cabo a mediados de septiembre de cada año.
En la rama masculina, el torneo era de categoría ATP International Series hasta la temporada 2008, y subió de categoría a ATP 500 a partir de la temporada 2009. En la rama femenina, el torneo era de categoría WTA Tier II hasta 2008, y WTA Premier Mandatory a partir de 2009. Actualmente pertenece a los masters 1000.
Marisol Landázuri

Narcisa Marizol Landázuri Benítez (Esmeraldas, 20 de agosto de 1992) es una velocista ecuatoriana.
Nació en la provincia de Esmeraldas el 20 de agosto de 1992. Estudió en la Universidad Estatal de Guayaquil. Marizol cuenta con una larga trayectoria en la disciplina del atletismo. Su pasión por el deporte inicia desde temprana edad, a los nueve años empezó a competir en los mejores escenarios nacionales e internacionales como: Juegos Olímpicos de Río de Janeiro de 2016, el Grand Prix Colombia 2017, el Campeonato Mundial de Atletismo IAAF Londres 2017, y los Juegos Bolivarianos Santa Marta 2017.​
Marizol se destaca especialmente en los 100 y 200 metros planos. Además forma parte del equipo ecuatoriano de Postas 4 × 100 m, reconocido por ser sumamente competitivo a nivel mundial.​
Marizol Landázuri posee una larga trayectoria en el atletismo.​
La atleta ecuatoriana, obtuvo la medalla de Oro rompiendo sus propios récords en las pruebas de 100 y 200 metros planos en el Campeonato Nacional de Atletismo Grand Prix Richard Boroto, realizado en la ciudad de Cuenca, en marzo de 2019.​
Marizol se caracterizó por haber conseguido la medalla de oro en los 100 metros de los Juegos Sudamericanos de Bolivia.
Posteriormente criticó a los organismos encargados de la protección e impulso de los deportistas, indicando que no recibió apoyo económico por parte del “Plan de Alto Rendimiento” del atletismo ecuatoriano. Por tal motivo, señaló “esta medalla no es ni del Ministerio del Deporte ni de la Federación Ecuatoriana de Atletismo, es del país y de todas las personas que me ayudaron”.​
Consiguió financiamiento de distintas empresas que le permitieron continuar con sus ciclos de entrenamiento en España y Estados Unidos y así participar en los Juegos Sudamericanos de 2018, con un récord de 11 minutos con 12 segundos.
Debido a la marca establecida ha recibido propuestas para competir en Europa y ahora con el financiamiento de amigos y familiares ya firmó contrato con su nuevo club en España.​
Landázuri estuvo inscrita en el equipo de 30 competidores ecuatorianos para el Panamericano de Lima. No obstante, debido a una ruptura del bíceps femoral derecho, y tras el diagnóstico médico, se le suspendió toda actividad deportiva, añadiendo además el proceso de rehabilitación de 30 días.​
​
Hace dos años fundó su empresa “La Costa Fresh”, en la ciudad de Quito.​
Emérita Quiñónez

María Emérita Quiñónez Díaz (Quinindé, 13 de octubre de 1932 - Guayaquil, 27 de febrero de 2014)​ fue una educadora, deportista y política ecuatoriana, primera mujer en ocupar el cargo de gobernadora en Ecuador.​
Nació el 13 de octubre de 1932 en el recinto Estero de Plátano del cantón Quinindé, provincia de Esmeraldas. Realizó sus estudios secundarios en el colegio Manuela Cañizares, de la ciudad de Quito, y los superiores en la Universidad Técnica Luis Vargas Torres, donde obtuvo el título de licenciada en ciencias de la educación. Posteriormente realizó un postgrado en técnicas de escuelas unidocentes en la Universidad Mayor de San Simón de Cochabamba, Bolivia.​
Inició su carrera de educadora en 1951 y se desempeñó en la misma por cerca de 50 años, laborando en planteles tales como el Luis Vargas Torres, el colegio Sagrado Corazón, el María Goretti, La Inmaculada, el Nocturno Esmeraldas y el Instituto Superior No. 8 Don Bosco, del que fue fundadora.​
Estuvo inmiscuida en la política por más de 27 años, como afiliada al partido Democracia Popular.​ Fue la primera mujer concejala de la ciudad de Esmeraldas y la primera mujer consejera provincial de la provincia. También fue vicepresidenta del Tribunal Electoral de Esmeraldas.​
En 1983 el presidente Oswaldo Hurtado le ofreció el cargo de gobernadora de la provincia de Esmeraldas, Quiñónez le pidió tiempo para considerar la propuesta, pero luego de ser animada por Julio Plaza Ledesma aceptó la oferta, convirtiéndose en la primera mujer ecuatoriana en ser nombrada gobernadora.​
En el ámbito deportivo fue una destacada baloncestista, siendo seleccionada por la Federación Deportiva de Esmeraldas, la Concentración Deportiva de Pichincha y el equipo femenino del Ecuador.​ Posteriormente fue presidenta de la Federación Deportiva de Esmeraldas.​
Andrés Andrade (tennis)

Andrés Andrade (born December 14, 1998) is an Ecuadorian tennis player. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 232 archived in November 2024 and a doubles ranking of No. 202 achieved in September 2024. He is currently the No. 2 Ecuadorian tennis player.
Andrade played college tennis at the University of Florida.
Andrade represents Ecuador at the Davis Cup, where he has a W/L record of 0–1.
In April 2024, he reached his first final at the 2024 Savannah Challenger, losing to Alexander Ritschard.
Following a second Challenger final at the 2024 RD Open in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, where he entered the main draw as lucky loser, he reached the top 250 in the rankings on 19 August 2024.
Álvaro Guillén Meza

Álvaro Guillén Meza (born 2 January 2003) is an Ecuadorian tennis player. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 215 achieved on 12 August 2024 and a doubles ranking of No. 400 achieved on 22 July 2024. He is currently the No. 1 Ecuadorian tennis player.
Guillén Meza represents Ecuador at the Davis Cup, where he has a W/L record of 1–1.
At 20 years old, Guillén Meza became the youngest Ecuadorian champion since Giovanni Lapentti in 2003 after winning the 2023 Lima Challenger. He won his second Challenger title at the 2024 Ibagué Open, defeating Facundo Mena in the final.
Guayas River

The Guayas River also called Rio Guayas is a major river in western Ecuador. It gives name to Guayas Province and is the most important river in South America that does not flow into the Atlantic Ocean or any of its marginal seas. Its total length, including the Daule River, is 389 km (241 mi). The Guayas River's drainage basin is 34,500 km (13,320 sq.mi) and it has an average discharge of 70,000 cu ft/s (1,982 m3/s). It is the national river of Ecuador and is present on the coat of arms of Ecuador.
The Guayas River has one of its sources in the Andes Mountains and Chimborazo, Ecuador's highest volcano. The coat of arms of Ecuador shows an image of the river descending from the mountain. Guayas is the name of the lower part of the river, which starts at the confluence of the Daule River from the west and the Babahoyo River from the east, between the cities of Guayaquil and Durán, in Guayas Province. The Guayas River then flows around Santay Island, and becomes one current again. From the confluence to the delta 60 kilometers away, it borders Guayaquil Canton and Durán Canton, and Guayaquil Canton and Naranjal Canton, just before the delta.
The Guayas River forms a very complex delta. Its most important feature is the existence of a slough called Estero Salado, surrounded by swamps and affected by tides. The area between the Guayas River and the Estero Salado forms a maze of islands, some of which have been transformed into slums. The Cobina Slough connects the Estero Salado with the river.
The main course of the river is affected by tides, and forms a small group of islands; the most important of them is Mondragón. The river then meets the Gulf of Guayaquil, an inlet of the Pacific Ocean. Its influence is noticeable in the Puná Island, and in the Jambelí Strait, in the province of El Oro.
The Guayas River has the largest watershed in South America west of the Andes Mountains that flows into the Pacific Ocean. It has an area 34,500 km, in nine provinces: Los Ríos, Guayas, Bolívar, Manabí, Cañar, Pichincha, Azuay, Chimborazo and Cotopaxi. In collaboration with the Estero Salado, the river discharges 36 billion cubic meters of water into the Gulf of Guayaquil every year.
National symbols of Ecuador
Durán, Ecuador

Durán, also known as Eloy Alfaro, is the second largest city in the province of Guayas, Ecuador and the seat of Durán Canton. It is located near the confluence of the Daule & Babahoyo rivers, where the Guayas River enters the ocean, across the Guayas River from Guayaquil. The name "Eloy Alfaro" was chosen because of the Ecuadorian ex-president Eloy Alfaro Delgado. According to the National census in 2022, the city had a population of 295,211. Many of its inhabitants commute to other places for work and it can be considered a "dormitory town". However, many people who live in Durán find work within the canton by opening "comedores" or small restaurants, selling produce at the market, or even opening little stores with basic produce and house necessities. The towns Durán, Samborondón, and Guayaquil are connected by the bridge Rafael Mendoza Avilés.
Durán is also well known for being the first railroad hub in Ecuador. It is the coastal railhead for the Ecuadorean rail network, and the closest point to Guayaquil because the railroad does not bridge the Guayas River. Since July 2007, a government program for the railroad reactivation began as well as the railroad connecting Duran with other cities located in the highlands of Ecuador. The Empresa de Ferrocarriles Ecuatorianos offers rail service aimed at tourists to Quito.
According to the Economist, Duran had the highest murder rate in the world in 2023, with 148 homicides per 100,000 residents. The newspaper has labelled it "the most dangerous city in the world".
2024 US Open (tennis)

The 2024 US Open was the 144th edition of tennis' US Open and the fourth and final Grand Slam event of the year. It was held on outdoor hard courts at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in New York City. Novak Djokovic and Coco Gauff were the men's and women's singles defending champions, respectively, but Djokovic lost in the third round to Alexei Popyrin and Gauff lost in the fourth round to Emma Navarro. It began with the preliminary rounds from August 19 to 22, followed by the tournament itself from August 26 to September 8 of this year.
It was the final edition of the tournament to commence with 14 days.
The tournament was an event run by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and is part of the 2024 ATP Tour and the 2024 WTA Tour calendars under the Grand Slam category. The tournament was played on hard courts and took place over a series of 17 courts with Laykold surface, including the three existing main showcourts – Arthur Ashe Stadium, Louis Armstrong Stadium and Grandstand.
The wheelchair professional events were not held this year due to scheduling conflicts with the Paris 2024 Paralympic Games, just the junior.
The motto of the tournament was Celebrating the Power of Tennis, chosen by the tournament organizers to encourage “the benefits of the healthiest sport in the world.”
In the United States, the 2024 US Open was the tenth year in a row under an 11-year, $825 million contract with ESPN, in which the broadcaster holds exclusive rights to the entire tournament and the US Open Series.
The total overall prize money for the 2024 US Open totals $75 million, 15% more than the 2023 edition.
* per team
2023 US Open (tennis)

The 2023 US Open was the 143rd edition of tennis' US Open and the fourth and final Grand Slam event of the year. It was held on outdoor hard courts at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in New York City. Carlos Alcaraz and Iga Świątek were the men's and women's singles defending champions. Świątek lost to Jeļena Ostapenko in the fourth round, while Alcaraz lost to Daniil Medvedev in the semifinals.
The 2023 US Open is the 143rd consecutive edition of the tournament and will take place at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park of Queens in New York City. The tournament is being held on 17 Laykold hard courts.
The tournament is an event run by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and is part of the 2023 ATP Tour and the 2023 WTA Tour calendars under the Grand Slam category. The tournament will consist of both men's and women's singles and doubles draws, as both doubles draws will return to standard 64 players, as singles players will remain in standard 128 person format in each category. There are also singles and doubles events for both boys and girls (players under 18), which are part of the Grade A category of tournaments.
The tournament is played on hard courts and takes place over a series of 17 courts with Laykold surface, including the three existing main showcourts – Arthur Ashe Stadium, Louis Armstrong Stadium and Grandstand.
In the United States, the 2023 US Open will be the ninth year in a row under an 11-year, $825 million contract with ESPN, in which the broadcaster holds exclusive rights to the entire tournament and the US Open Series. For the first time since 2014, the US Open aired on broadcast television, as ABC televised selected weekend matches. ESPN is also the exclusive U.S. broadcaster for the Wimbledon Championships and the Australian Open.
Due to the recent Disney–Charter Communications dispute, ESPN has ended up providing complimentary access to some players and even on-air talent their access to the matches.
Below is a series of tables for each competition showing each event's ranking points on offer.
The total overall prize money for the 2023 US Open totals $65 million, 8% more than the 2022 edition.
1977 US Open (tennis)

The 1977 US Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, Queens, in New York City, New York. The tournament ran from 29 August until 11 September. It was the 97th staging of the US Open, and the fourth Grand Slam tennis event of 1977. This was the third and final year in which the US Open was played on clay courts. After 68 years it was the final time the championship was played at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills before moving to Flushing Meadows for the 1978 tournament.
Guillermo Vilas defeated Jimmy Connors 2–6, 6–3, 7–6, 6–0
Chris Evert defeated Wendy Turnbull 7–6, 6–2
Bob Hewitt / Frew McMillan defeated Brian Gottfried / Raúl Ramírez 6–4, 6–0
Martina Navratilova / Betty Stöve defeated Renee Richards / Betty-Ann Stuart 6–1, 7–6
Betty Stöve / Frew McMillan defeated Billie Jean King / Vitas Gerulaitis 6–2, 3–6, 6–3
Van Winitsky defeated Eliot Teltscher 6–4, 6–4
Claudia Casabianca defeated Lea Antonoplis 6–3, 2–6, 6–2
Marathon Sports

Marathon Sports is an Ecuadorian sports equipment manufacturing company headquartered in Quito. It was founded in May 1981 by Rodrigo Ribadeneira when he opened his first store.
The company manufactures and distributes athletic sportswear to sports teams and athletes, mainly association football uniforms. In addition to its own products, Marathon imports, distributes, and markets global brands of clothing and accessories, such as Adidas, Nike, Puma, Diadora, Wilson, and Joma. There are currently 88 Marathon Sports-owned stores in Ecuador.
The company was founded in May 1981 by Rodrigo Rivadeneira. It began as a sporting store chain in Ecuador until 1994, when the Reebok contract with Ecuador national football team was set to expire. Marathon Sports subsequently entered into a sponsorship agreement with the Ecuadorian Football Federation; the duration of the initial contract was not publicly disclosed. This was later renewed in 2016 for a total of US$ 2.6 million, expiring in 2023. The first national squad jersey design had a band of thick blue and red stripes on the right shoulder reflecting the flag of Ecuador. After a great, although unsuccessful qualifying campaign for the FIFA World Cup in 1998, the Ecuadorian Federation decided to stick with the brand.
In 2002 the Ecuadorian team qualified for its first World Cup, held in Korea and Japan –the first FIFA's jointly hosted World Cup. Marathon Sports consolidated as an international brand, having sponsored not only football teams in Ecuador but in Peru (Deportivo Municipal) and Uruguay (Rampla Juniors). Moreover, Marathon Sports opened stores in Lima (Peru).
In 2017, the company signed a contract with the Peruvian Football Federation to become official shirt supplier of Peru national team since 2018 for a total of USD 1,5 million –plus 8 million in sporting goods. The offer largely overcome Adidas', which had also showed interest in the Peruvian team.
Current teams wearing uniforms manufactured by Marathon are:
Estadio Olímpico de Riobamba

Estadio Olímpico, commonly referred to as Estadio Olímpico de Riobamba to disambiguate it from other stadiums of a similar name, is a multi-use stadium in Riobamba, Ecuador. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Olmedo and other lower division clubs in the city. The stadium holds 14,400 spectators and opened in 1926.
Provinces of Ecuador

Ecuador is divided into 24 provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular – provincia). The provinces of Ecuador and their capitals are:
Population as per the census carried out on 2022-10-01
In addition, there were four areas that were non-delimited. These locations were:
Regionalization, or zoning, is the union of two or more adjoining provinces in order to decentralize the administrative functions of the capital, Quito. In Ecuador, there are seven regions, or zones, each shaped by the following provinces:
Quito and Guayaquil are Metropolitan Districts. Galápagos, despite being included within Region 5, is also under a special unit.
2025 Ecuadorian Serie A

The 2025 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A is the 67th season of the Serie A, Ecuador's top tier football league, and the seventh under the management of the Liga Profesional de Fútbol del Ecuador (or LigaPro). The season began on 14 February and is scheduled to end in December 2025. The fixture for the first stage of the season was released on 16 January 2025.
For the second season in a row, LDU Quito are the defending champions.
On 27 September 2024, the Council of Presidents of LigaPro approved changes to the format of competition for the 2025 season, aiming to have more matches played in the season. The tournament, which will have 72 additional matches, will have two stages: a first stage in which the 16 participating teams will play each other twice (once at home and once away), and a final stage in which the teams will be split into two hexagonals and one quadrangular group according to their placements in the first stage. In the first hexagonal, the top six teams from the first stage will play each other twice to decide the season champions as well as three Copa Libertadores berths and three Copa Sudamericana ones, while in the second hexagonal the next six teams will play for the last berth to the Copa Sudamericana. The top team at the end of the first stage will be assured of qualification for the Copa Libertadores group stage as Ecuador 2. Relegation will be decided in the quadrangular group, which will involve the four lowest-placed teams in the first stage, with the bottom two being relegated to the second tier at the end of the season. Points from the first stage will be carried over to the final stage.
16 teams compete in the season, the top 14 teams from the 2024 Ecuadorian Serie A and the top two teams of the 2024 Ecuadorian Serie B. Imbabura and Cumbayá were relegated from Serie A after finishing in the bottom two places of the aggregate table of the previous season and were replaced by the second tier champions Cuniburo and runners-up Manta. Cuniburo clinched a first-ever promotion to the top flight with three matches to go after a 2–0 loss for Guayaquil City against San Antonio on 13 October 2024, whilst Manta ensured a return to Serie A for the first time since 2021 with one match left on 24 October, after a 6–1 thrashing of Vargas Torres.
On 7 November 2024, it was announced that Cuniburo would change its name to Vinotinto Ecuador starting from this season. The name change, approved by the Ecuadorian Ministry of Sports, was made after the club was acquired by the owners of Segunda Categoría club Vinotinto prior to the start of the 2024 season, and aimed to have the club reach out to the Venezuelan expatriate community in Ecuador.
The first stage began on 14 February and is scheduled to end on 28 September 2025.
Source: Futbolecuador.com
Emérita Quiñónez

Maria Quiñónez Emerita Diaz (13 October 1932 – 27 February 2014) was an Ecuadorian politician, athlete, and educator. As the Governor of Esmeraldas Province, she was the first female Governor in Ecuador.
Emérita Quiñónez was born in the Estero de Plátano precinct of the Quinindé Canton of Esmeraldas. She completed her secondary studies at the Manuela Cañizares School in Quito and acquired a bachelor's degree in educational sciences from the Luis Vargas Torres Technical University. Quiñónez completed her postgraduate studies at the University of San Simón, graduating from the Cochabamba university. She began her career in education in 1951 and would work in this field for over 50 years at the Luis Vargas Torres Technical University, Sacred Heart School, Maria Goretti School, School of the Immaculacy, Nocturno Esmeraldas and the Superior Institute of Don Bosco, of which she was the founder.
For more than 27 years, Quiñónez worked in politics as an affiliate of the Ecuadorian Christian Democratic Union. She was the first female council member of the City of Esmeraldas and also became the vice president of the Electoral Tribunal of Esmeraldas. In 1983, Osvaldo Hurtado offered Quiñónez the position of Governor of Esmeraldas Province, but she asked for time to consider the offer. Julio Plaza Ledesma successfully appealed to Quiñónez and she took the job, thus becoming the first female governor of Ecuador.
In sports, Quiñónez played basketball for the Sports Federation of Esmeraldas, the Pichincha Sports Concentration and the national Women's Basketball Team. She was President of the Sports Federation of Esmeraldas.
Early in July 2017, Esmeraldas Councilman Tony Quiñónez renamed several streets in the southern portion of the city after notable Ecuadorians from past and present, and on the list of persons to name streets for was Emérita Quiñónez.
Villalobos (surname)

Villalobos is a Spanish surname (meaning town of wolves) and common in Spain, Portugal, Latin America, and Italy
Villalobos is a city in the province of Zamora in Spain which derives its name from Spanish villa "town" and lobos "wolves". The element villa was used for someone who lived in a village, as opposed to an isolated farmhouse or in the town. The word was later used of a group of houses forming a settlement.
Otak-otak

Otak-otak (Jawi: ‏اوتق٢‎‎) atau otah (Jawi: اوته‎ Sg.) adalah isi ikan berempah di Nusantara. Ia berasal daripada Muar,Johor yang tersebar ke Semenanjung Melayu (Pulau Pinang, Terengganu ,Pahang) dan menyeberangi pulau seperti Singapura , Kepulauan Riau , Palembang dan Jawa .
Ada tiga teori Otak-otak iaitu dibuat oleh masyarakat Muar , Terengganu , Cina Peranakan dan Palembang tetapi teori paling tepat di Muar. Nama Otak-otak diberi oleh masyarakat nelayan di Muar kerana secara ciri-ciri fizikal yang berwarna merah , bentuk kotak dan tekstur seperti otak . Di Johor terkenal dengan popia otak-otak .
Otak-otak berasal daripada Muar iaitu daerah di negeri Johor , sepanjang persisir Sungai Muar terdapat tumbuhan liar iaitu pokok nipah yang daunnya sesuai dibakar untuk dijadikan sebagai juadah . Nelayan Muar tidak mahu membazirkan sisa ikan yang di jual antaranya ikan tenggiri , tongkol dan udang kerana contoh hasil laut ini mempunyai kadar harga yang tinggi bagi masyarakat marhaen dengan situasi itu mereka mendapat idea untuk menjadikan hasil laut itu sebagai makanan sampingan , kisah ini hampir sama dengan kisah Sata di Terengganu.
Otak-otak biasanya di buat daripada ikan tongkol , ikan tenggiri , udang , cili kisar , tepung gandum , serai dan lengkuas .
Otak-otak dihasilkan dari isi ikan (biasanya tenggiri) yang digaulkan dengan campuran berempah termasuk lada, bawang putih, bawang merah, kunyit, serai dan santan. Campuran ini dibungkus dalam daun kelapa dan dibakar atau dikukus. Sekiranya di dibungkus dalam daun pisang, ia dikenali sebagai pais.
Sungguhpun otak-otak ikan paling biasa, terdapat juga otak-otak yang diperbuat daripada udang, sotong, atau ayam menghasilkan tekstur yang lebih pelbagai.
Terdapat pelbagai jenis otak-otak yang terdapat di daerah berlainan. Otak-otak nyonya, berasal dari Peranakan, terdapat di negeri utara Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, dikukus dalam daun pandan. Bagaimanapun, otak-otak di sebelah pantai timur dan selatan Malaysia dan di Singapura di balut sebagai kepingan kecil dalam daun kelapa atau pisang dan dipanggang (versi Singapura biasanya dipanggang dalam daun pandan). Ia menghasilkan otak-otak yang lebih kuning bata, lebih kering dengan bau asap ikan. Variti otak-otak berlainan wujud, termasuk versi bewarna putih, tanpa berempah.
Sungguhpun secara tradisi otak-otak dihasilkan menggunakan isi ikan, versi moden turut menggunakan isi ketam dan udang. Selain itu, versi moden turut menggunakan isi ikan yang dihancurkan dan dicampur dengan bahan tambahan seperti tepong kanji yang menjadikan isinya bergetah.
Jenis lain otak-otak termasuk hidangan yang dikenali sebagai pais ikan dan satar yang dihasilkan dari pasta ikan yang dimasak dalam bungkusan daun pisang.
Barah otak

Penyakit tumor otak merujuk kepada sebarang jisim yang terhasil akibat ketumbuhan luar biasa atau pertumbuhan luar kawal sel yang terdapat pada otak (neuron, sel glial, sel epithelial, sel penghasil myelin dan sebagainya.) atau sel tumor yang merebak (metastasis) dari tempat lain. Tumor otak biasanya terletak di posterior ketiga otak pada kanak-kanak dan dua per tiga anterior otak pada orang dewasa.
Otak manusia

Otak manusia ialah organ pusat sistem saraf manusia, dan dengan saraf tunjang membentuk sistem saraf pusat. Otak terdiri daripada serebrum, batang otak dan otak kecil. Ia mengawal kebanyakan aktiviti badan, memproses, mengintegrasikan, dan menyelaraskan maklumat yang diterima daripada organ deria, dan membuat keputusan tentang arahan yang dihantar ke seluruh badan. Otak terkandung dalam, dan dilindungi oleh, tulang tengkorak kepala.
Ramuan

Ramuan (Jawi: ‏راموان‎‎) ialah bahan yang dikumpulkan dari persekitaran (yakni diramu; Jawi: ‏درامو‎‎ dari kata dasar ramu رامو‎) dan digunakan amnya membentuk sebahagian campuran termasuk dalam masak-memasak yakni menyukat berapa banyak rempah ratus untuk membuat suatu lauk hidangan, dedaun akar untuk membuat ubatan mahupun kayu-kayan untuk bertukang membina suatu binaan rumah. Banyak produk perdagangan mengandungi ramuan rahsia yang dipasarkan untuk menjadikannya lebih baik daripada produk saingan. Dalam industri farmaseutikal, bahan aktif ialah bahan formulasi yang membekalkan kesan yang diperlukan oleh pelanggan.
Undang-undang negara biasanya memerintah bahawa produk makanan yang disediakan untuk memaparkan senarai ramuan, dan secara tertentu memerintah bahan tambahan tertentu untuk disenaraikan.
Di kebanyakan negara maju, undang-undang memerintah bahawa ramuan disenaraikan menurut berat nisbinya di dalam produk. Sekiranya suatu ramuan itu sendiri terdiri daripada lebih daripada satu ramuan (seperti kepingan biskut yang merupakan sebahagian daripada aiskrim perisa "biskut dan krim"), kemudian bahawa ramuan disenarikan mengikut peratusan jumlah produk yang digunakan, dengan ramuannya sendiri dipaparkan di sebelahnya di dalam tanda kurungan.
Ramuan buatan biasanya merujuk ramuan yang merupakan buatan, seperti:
Latok

Latok, latoh atau nama saintifiknya Caulerpa lentillifera adalah merupakan sejenis rumpai laut dari spesies Caulerpa yang dikenali berupa gugusan dengan tekstur yang lembut.
Rumpai ini banyak diternak di pesisir pantai kepulauan Filipina dan Borneo di Asia Tenggara serta sekitar Kepulauan Okinawa, Jepun, di mana rumpai ini biasanya dimakan segar dan mentah begitu sahaja sebaik dituai.
Latok merupakan sumber makanan sangat didambakan dalam masakan Sabah terutamanya dalam kalangan masyarakat Suluk dan Bajau Laut; ia boleh didapati terjual di pasar-pasar atau tamu mingguan, bazar Ramadan dan restoran makanan laut. Ia boleh dimakan mentah atau dihidangkan dengan campuran perahan limau kesturi, bawang serta cili padi sebagai pembuka selera. Latok juga dimakan bersama nasi panas dan ikan yu panggang seperti ulam.
Latok juga menjadi pilihan bahan diramu masyarakat Melayu pesisiran sekitar rantau Johor, Singapura dan kepulauan Riau (dengan nama latoh).
C. lentillifera biasanya dimakan oleh penduduk orang laut Okinawa, mereka menggelarnya umi-budō (海ぶどう), "anggur laut".
Penanaman latok secara komersil dimulakan di Pulau Mactan, Cebu, tengah Filipina pada tahun 1950-an di mana hasil tuaian telah dipasarkan di sekitar Cebu dan Manila. Terdapat kira-kira 400 hektar luas kolam di Pulau Mactan untuk menjalankan penternakan rumpai laut anggur, hasilnya 12-15 tan latok per hektar berjaya dituai setiap dua bulan setahun. Penuaian komersil ini turut tersebar di Okinawa pada tahun 1986.
Latok mempunyai beberapa khasiatnya seperti vitamin C, kalium, kalsium, iodin, protein dan asid lemak tidak tepu.
Cutni

Catni (Jawi: ‏چتني‎‎, Hindi: चटनी, rumi: chaṭnī terbitan kata kerja चाटना chāṭnā menjilat) ialah cicahan berasal dari benua kecil India, digunakan bersama masakan benua kecil India, yang boleh termasuk perbuatan dari kelapa, jeruk tomato, taburan kacang tanah kisar atau dadih, timun, dan pudina.
Satu cabang yang berakar dalam masakan India biasanya adalah buah masam seperti epal, kelembak atau jeruk damson yang dibuat menjadi lebih cair dengan kandungan gula yang sama beratnya (biasanya demerara atau gula perang untuk menggantikan jageri dalam beberapa cutni manis India). Cuka ditambah kepada resipi untuk catni gaya Inggeris yang secara tradisinya bertujuan untuk memberikan jangka hayat yang panjang supaya buah musim luruh dapat dipelihara untuk digunakan sepanjang tahun (seperti jem, jeli dan jeruk) atau dijual sebagai produk komersial. Acar India menggunakan minyak mustard sebagai agen penjerukan, tetapi cutni gaya Anglo-India menggunakan cuka malta atau cuka sider yang menghasilkan produk yang lebih cair dalam masakan barat dan sering dimakan dengan keju keras atau dengan daging sejuk dan ayam, biasanya didapati dalam pub makan tengah hari sejuk.
Di India, "cutni" merujuk kepada penyediaan segar dan penjerukan. Beberapa bahasa India menggunakan perkataan untuk persediaan segar sahaja. Kata yang berbeza achār (Hindi: अचार) digunakan untuk acar yang sering mengandungi minyak dan jarang manis.
Rubarb

Rubarb (Jawi: ‏روبارب‎‎) atau rawand (Jawi: ‏راوند‎‎; Rheum rhabarbarum) adalah spesies tumbuhan saka dalam keluarga Polygonaceae serumpun dengan kelembak (bahkan juga dinamakan sedemikian) dalam genus Rheum yang sama. Ia tumbuh daripada rizom yang pendek dan tebal. Daun-daunnya yang besar beracun tetapi batang-batangnya yang berisi boleh dimakan. Bunga-bunga kecilnya yang berwarna putih kehijauan atau merah mawar dikumpulkan dalam jambangan besar.
Nama rubarb merupakan serapan kata bahasa Inggeris iaitu rhubarb yang berakar dari kata gabung bahasa Latin rheubarbarum yakni "[tumbuhan] gasar Sungai Volga". Tumbuhan ini asalnya hidup liar sepanjang tebing sungai tersebut di kawasan Rusia moden Eropah yang dahulunya dikenali dengan nama Rhā.
Kata rawand menyerap dari bahasa Arab atau Parsi; ia ada disenaraikan dalam buku glosari A Vocabulary of Malay Medical Terms tahun 1905.
Kata kelembak memadan kepada spesies ini didapati pada kamus bahasa Itali-Melayu dikarang Antonio Pigafetta tahun 1522 dieja sebagai calama.
Rubarb ditanam untuk tetangkainya, walaupun secara tepat bahagian tersebut merupakan daun juga. Penggunaan tetangkainya sebagai makanan pertama kalinya tercatat di England pada abad ke-17. Batang-batang rubarb dipotong secara kecil-kecilan kecil dan direbus bersama dengan gula sehingga ia lembut. Rempah-rempah seperti kulit kayu manis, buah pala dan halia boleh juga ditambah sebagai perisa tambahan. Rubarb yang dimasak biasanya akan dihidang kan terus sejuk seperti sos epal, tetapi pektin juga boleh dimasukkan ke dalam campuran ini untuk membuat jem.
Ia biasanya akan dimasak bersama gula atau dijadikan inti pai dan pencuci mulut, tetapi ia juga boleh digunakan dalam masakan berlauk mahupun jeruk, dikeringkan ataupun dicampurkan bersama jus buah-buahan.
Air rebusan manis atau kompot rubarb boleh dihidangkan sebagai minuman, terutamanya pada musim panas. Sayuran ini turut digunakan bagi membuat wain buahan.
Akar rubarb telah lama digunapakai dalam perubatan tradisional Cina sebagai bahan pelawas sejak beribu-ribu tahun lamanya. Penggunaan tumbuhan ini turut didapati pada perubatan zaman Pertengahan Arab dan Eropah. Akar rubarb merupakan ubatan Cina petama yang diimport dari negara China kepada dunia Barat.
Marrybrown

Marrybrown Sdn Bhd (doing business as Marrybrown) is a Malaysian-owned multinational chain of quick service restaurants based in Johor Bahru, Johor. Being one of the largest global halal fast food-establishments, the chain has since expanded to over 250 locations throughout Malaysia and across several countries. The restaurant focuses on Malaysian and western dishes.
Marrybrown was founded in 1981 by Lawrence Liew and Nancy Liew in Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. As the banks were reluctant to provide the pair with a personal loan, the couple raised RM120,000.00 via their personal joint savings as well as by borrowing funds from their relatives and close friends. The couple faced many challengers and obstacles to open their first outlet — as many of the shop owners were reluctant to lease their premise, while suppliers were only willing to provide their goods on a cash delivery basis.
The first restaurant was opened in 1981 in a small shop lot in Jalan Wong Ah Fook, Johor Bahru. The couple named their restaurant "Marrybrown", a three-syllable name, as it was perceived that the simple name had an international sound, and was easy to pronounce and remember. The three-syllable name is also common in the fast-food industry, as can be seen in KFC, McDonald's, and Burger King.
After Marrybrown moved into franchising model in 1985, the chain began to experience rapid growth; currently, its franchise outlets form a majority of its operation. After tapping the Malaysian market, the restaurant operated its first overseas Outlet in China in 1996. The company's local and abroad expansions were assisted by its halal-friendly approach as well as its incorporation of Malaysian menu, which were both managed to appeal many international consumers.
The international presence of Marrybrown franchises, including both countries where it has operated in the past and currently operates, is as follows:
To differentiate from the other early quick service restaurant in Malaysia that largely based on the American-menu (such as fried chicken and burgers), the restaurant began to introduced and combined Malaysian flavours to complement the western meals offered in the restaurant. It was the first Malaysian fast-food restaurant that included rice with the introduction of Nasi Marrybrown in 1986, followed by Nasi Lemak in 1989, Chicken Porridge in 1990 and Curry Noodles in 2006. MarryBrown's menu also features Chicken rice, Bubur pedas, Nasi Kandar, fried bread, fish and chips, cheesy potato wedges, mashed potatoes and other beverages.
In addition to the Malaysian and western cuisines, the chain would also introduced regionalised meals in its international locations. In the Indian Ocean nation of Maldives, the Marrybrown outlets in the country would include Tuna Burger and Curry Tuna Biryani; in India, 30% of its items would be tailored in accordance to the localised vegetarian selections. In UAE, wrap, pasta and spicy rice included in the menu; while churros and mozzarella sticks are served in Marrybrown's Swedish outlet; and in its Tanzanian branch, wrap and veggie burger meals are available.
Chinese Food (song)

"Chinese Food" is a song performed by American singer Alison Gold. It was released on October 5, 2013, as her debut single with Patrice Wilson's label PMW Live. Wilson also wrote and produced the record. It entered the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart at number 29, selling 1,000 downloads and being streamed on YouTube five million times for the week ending October 20, 2013. Despite this, it had been reported the same day as not playing on any public radio station in the United States. The accompanying music video was met with controversy regarding cultural insensitivity and has since been deleted from YouTube, although unofficial re-uploads on the site are still accessible.
Producer Patrice Wilson wrote the song on his birthday in 2012. Wilson, explaining his inspiration for writing the song, stating: "There's a restaurant I go to, they have chicken wings, they have beef with broccoli, that's what I love. The song is based on my experience—what I know about Chinese food."
The music video for "Chinese Food" was released on October 14, 2013. It was filmed partly in a Mongolian restaurant, because a Chinese restaurant could not be booked, while some other scenes were shot in Gold's bedroom. It was viewed almost one million times within 24 hours of being uploaded to the video sharing site YouTube, attaining an estimated 4:1 ratio of dislikes to likes and drawing comparisons to another poorly received Patrice Wilson production, "Friday" (2011) by Rebecca Black. Wilson himself appears in the "Chinese Food" video wearing a panda suit.
The video attracted controversy for its alleged overuse of Asian stereotypes, including scenes of Japanese geisha imagery in a Chinese-themed song. Another scene singled out by media outlets depicts Gold and Wilson playing the board game Monopoly, after which the camera zooms in on Wilson placing the dog figure on the square for Oriental Avenue. Devon Maloney of Wired wrote that the video "is not racist because it depicts pan-Asian cuisine; it's racist because it lazily traffics in racial stereotypes and paints over the distinctions between vastly different Asian cultures with the same 'it's all Chinese to me!' brush." Gold, in response to the accusations, stated: "I don't really understand what that's all about... I mean, I'm not trying to criticize anyone – I just really love Chinese food!" Wilson also denied any intentions of racism, responding:
Asam folat

Asam folat atau vitamin B9 (bahasa Inggris: folic acid, folate, folacin, vitamin BC, pteroyl-L-glutamic acid, pteroyl-L-glutamate, pteroylmonoglutamic acid) adalah vitamin yang larut air. Vitamin B9 sangat penting untuk berbagai fungsi tubuh mulai dari sintesis nukleotid ke remetilasi homoSistein. Vitamin ini terutama penting pada period pembelahan dan pertumbuhan sel. Anak-anak dan orang dewasa memerlukan asam folat untuk memproduksi sel darah merah dan mencegah anemia. Folat dan asam folat mendapatkan namanya dari kata latin folium (daun).
Asam folat juga sangat penting bagi wanita hamil. Asupan asam folat yang cukup sebelum dan selama kehamilan akan mencegah timbulnya kecacatan tabung saraf (Neural Tube Defects, NTDs) pada bayi, yaitu spina bifida (kelainan pada tulang belakang) dan anencephaly (kelainan di mana otak tidak terbentuk). Dengan asupan asam folat yang cukup pada masa sebelum dan selama kehamilan yaitu sekitar 0.4 - 0.8 mg per hari, risiko timbulnya NTDs pada bayi dapat diturunkan hingga 80 %.
Wanita yang berencana hamil perlu mengonsumsi asam folat secara cukup, minimal 4 bulan sebelum kehamilan karena kekurangan asam folat berisiko bayi lahir dengan cacat pada sistem saraf (otak) atau cacat tabung saraf (neural tube deffect).
Sehingga, kebutuhan harian asam folat akan meningkat selama kehamilan (trimester 1-3) dan menyusui yakni 0,6 mg dan 0,5 mg yang dianjurkan untuk mengonsumsi tambahan asam folat sebesar 0,4 mg/hari dalam bentuk suplementasi.
Ada banyak sekali kegunaan asam folat untuk ibu hamil selain memberikan dampak yang bagus untuk perkembangan janin. Asam folat juga sangat berguna untuk menjaga stamina dan kesehatan saat masa kehamilan. karena itu biasanya para dokter ahli meresepkan asam folat untuk di konsumsi oleh ibu hamil.
Sayuran berdaun seperti bayam, lobak cina, kacang kering dan kacang polong, sereal, biji bunga matahari serta buah-buahan dan sayuran tertentu seperti kentang, tomat, jeruk, adalah sumber yang kaya akan folat. Telur, hati, dan produk-produk gandum juga termasuk bahan makanan yang mengandung banyak asam folat.
Asam folat sangat sensitif terhadap cahaya, oksigen dan suhu tinggi. Karena dia juga cepat larut dalam air, jika bahan makanan yang mengandung asam folat dicuci, maka sering terjadi asam folatnya akan hilang terbawa dengan air. Maka itu juga sering orang kekurangan Vitamin B9. Oleh karena itu, disarankan untuk mengkonsumsi sayur-sayur yang mengandung asam folat untuk dikonsumsi dalam bentuk mentah seperti di salad.
Efek samping dari asam folat, diantaranya :
Pengamatan kunci oleh peneliti Lucy Wills pada 1931 menyatakan bahwa pengidentifikasian folat sebagai nutrisi yang dibutuhkan untuk mencegah anemia pada saat kehamilan. Dr. Wills menunjukkan bahwa anemia dapat disembuhkan dengan khamir alkohol. Folat disintesis pada tahun 1946.