davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Outline of fishing

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to fishing:
Fishing – activity of trying to catch fish. Fish are normally caught in the wild. Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.
Fishing lure – type of artificial fishing bait which is designed to attract a fish's attention. The lure uses movement, vibration, flash and color to bait fish.
Bite indicators –
Ecoregions
Marine ecosystem – Marine ecosystems are among the largest of Earth's aquatic ecosystems.
Marine habitats – The sedimentologist Francis Shepard classified coasts as primary or secondary.
Fishery – entity engaged in raising or harvesting fish which is determined by some authority to be a fishery. According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), a fishery is typically defined in terms of the "people involved, species or type of fish, area of water or seabed, method of fishing, class of boats, purpose of the activities or a combination of the foregoing features". The definition often includes a combination of fish and fishers in a region, the latter fishing for similar species with similar gear types. Fishery –
World Gym

World Gym International LLC is an American fitness center founded in 1976 by Joe Gold during the glory days of "Muscle Beach" in Venice Beach, California. Joe Gold is also the founder of Gold's Gym, another unaffiliated gym chain, which he sold in 1973. The gym was often frequented by celebrities and famous bodybuilders such as Arnold Schwarzenegger, Lou Ferrigno, Dave Draper and Franco Columbu.
In March 2021, World Gym said it had over 200 franchises across six continents. Owned by the Cammilleri family since 2009, its plans included further global expansion of the franchise network and the opening of regional flagship gyms.
On October 28, 2024, World Fitness Services, Ltd., the parent company of World Gym Taiwan, announced its acquisition of parent company World Gym International for US$9 million.
Joe Gold started Gold's gym in 1965. Many world-famous bodybuilders trained there. Gold sold the gym in 1973 and went back out to sea as a sea merchant. When he came back, he regretted that he had also sold the rights to his name. Since he could not use "Gold" in its name, he opened a new gym in Santa Monica under the name of World Gym. Joe sold his World Gym in the valley to a bodybuilder named Steve Davis, who later sold it for $25,000. Gold moved his Santa Monica World Gym to Venice then to Marina Del Rey, and the location closed after he died in 2004. World Gym is now owned by the Cammilleri family, since 2009.
Joe Gold's gym was where Arnold Schwarzenegger built and sculpted himself when he first came to America. Schwarzenegger has been California's governor, a movie actor, and a former Mr. Olympia. For the film Pumping Iron, released in 1977, Schwarzenegger's training was recorded in Joe's gym. Peter Brockway said in an interview that the gym earned $20 million before expenses.
In 2019, the company opened a new gym in Sherbrooke, a city located in Quebec.
World Gym International offer products for workout gear such as sports bags, water bottles, nutrition products, accessories, gym clothing and apparel. There are also franchise opportunities available at World Gym International. World Gym International offers gymnasium services, equipment for fitness and physical exercise, fitness and exercise facilities, exercise classes, fitness and nutrition seminars, personal training in nutrition, exercise and fitness, training in fitness, mixed martial arts, boxing and kickboxing. World Gym International also holds exhibitions or contests for athletics, bodybuilding and mixed martial arts.
Over 50 franchised locations in over 20 countries and territories
The first Joe Gold Lifetime Achievement Award was presented to Ric Drasin at the 2012 World Gym International Convention in Las Vegas, Nevada.
French postcard

A French postcard is a small, postcard-sized piece of cardstock featuring a photograph of a nude or semi-nude woman. Such erotic cards were produced in great volume, primarily in France, in the late 19th and early 20th century. The term was adopted in the United States, where such cards were not legally made. The cards were sold as postcards, but the primary purpose was not for sending by mail, as they would have been banned from delivery. The cards sometimes even depicted naked lesbians. French street vendors, tobacco shops and a variety of other vendors bought the photographs for resale to tourists.
A number of photographers and studios produced French postcards, with some of them featuring particularly popular models.
Many photographers and studios specialized in images with an Orientalist theme.
Gospel of Bartholomew

The Gospel of Bartholomew is a missing text of New Testament apocrypha, known only from mentions by other sources. It might be the same as the Questions of Bartholomew, the Coptic Book of Bartholomew, or neither and be a fully lost work. The references do not go into particular detail about the nature of the work, leaving scholars little more than a name to work with. It was presumably attributed to Bartholomew the Apostle.
In the prologue to his commentary on Matthew, Jerome mentions a "Gospel of Bartholomew" among several other apocryphal gospels. Jerome doesn't indicate anything more about the work other than that the gospels on his list have "been the beginning of various heresies." It is unknown if Jerome had personal knowledge of the work, or was simply trusting another source such as Origen of Alexandria. This is the oldest surviving reference to the work, as the commentary was written around 398 CE. Later references to the Gospel may well have been only trusting Jerome on the matter, rather than having personal knowledge.
The Gelasian Decree is a 6th-century work, although it is considered possible parts of it might date back earlier. It includes "the Gospels in the name of Bartholomew" in a list of condemned or unacceptable scriptures.
Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite and Epiphanius the Monk both make passing references to a Gospel of Bartholomew. The Syriac Book of Secrets has a quote mentioning a Gospel of Bartholomew as well. The Venerable Bede also mentions the book, but only as part of a quotation of Jerome. Heinrich von Herford claims that Holy Roman Emperor Ludwig IV was acquainted with a Gospel of Bartholomew as well. All of these references are sparse and late. It is unclear whether they were referring to the same book, a different gospel by that name, or were simple mistakes or misstatements.
There is little to be said without further knowledge of the work. One area of speculation has been if the Gospel of Bartholomew was Gnostic or not, as Gnosticism was a major target of anti-heresy tracts of the early Church, and this would explain the later hostile references. Another guess is that the work may have been linked with Egypt or Egyptian cultural practices somehow, as Bartholomew the Apostle seems to have been more revered in Egyptian Christianity than elsewhere.
Whatever the Gospel may have been, it does not seem likely that it was some proto-version that both the Questions of Bartholomew and the Coptic Book of Bartholomew descended from, as the two works are quite different. There are some more distant possibilities: there exists an Armenian Acts and Martyrdom of Bartholomew, and Eusebius recounts a legend of Bartholomew traveling to India with a Hebrew version of the Gospel of Matthew. Scholars do not think Jerome had any knowledge of the first, and he certainly wouldn't have meant to condemn the Gospel of Matthew, however.
Doreen Sibanda

Doreen Sibanda ni mzaliwa wa Uingereza na msanii wa Zimbabwe, pia ni msimamizi wa sanaa nchini Zimbambwe. Ni mkurugenzi mtendaji wa jumba la sanaa la Taifa la Zimbambwe tangu mwaka 2004.
Sibanda amezaliwa nchini Uingereza na watu wenye asili ya Jamaika. Wazazi wake walimtia moyo katika kuchagua fani ya kazi ya elimu ya ualimu wa sanaa.
Aliolewa na Dr Misheck Sibanda.
Kazi ya Doreen Sibanda imeonyeshwa katika nchi kadhaa tofauti kama Jamhuri ya Czech, Russia na Zimbabwe. Hii ilisababisha kuhamia Zimbabwe mnamo 1981-1988, na kuchukua jukumu la kiutawala katika [[Nyumba ya sanaa ya Zimbabwe] kama Afisa wa kwanza wa Elimu.
Sibanda ameandika na kuhariri vitabu kadhaa. including Zimbabwe Stone Sculpture: A retrospective, 1957-2004, The Zimbabwe Integrated Teacher Education Course (1982), and Mawonero: Modern and Contemporary Art in Zimbabwe (2015).
Uchongaji

Uchongaji ni aina mojawapo ya sanaa ambayo inatengeneza umbo la kupendeza kutokana na vitu rafu, kama vile mawe au mbao.
Sanaa hiyo ni ya zamani sana, lakini inazidi kuona njia mpya.
Uchongaji umekuwa wa msingi kwa tamaduni nyingi. Katika karne zilizopita sanamu kubwa za bei ghali ziliundwa kwa ajili ya watu binafsi, kwa kawaida zilikuwa mahususi kwa maonyesho ya dini au siasa.
Tamaduni hizo, ambazo sanamu zake zimesalia kwa wingi, ni pamoja na tamaduni za kale za Mediterania, India na Uchina, na pia nyingi za Amerika ya Kati na Kusini na Afrika.
Kupro

Kupro (pia: Kipro, Kuprosi, na hata Saiprasi kutoka Kiingereza Cyprus) ni nchi ya kisiwani upande wa mashariki wa bahari ya Mediteranea.
Kijiografia ni sehemu ya Asia, lakini kiutamaduni na kisiasa ni sehemu ya Ulaya.
Mji mkuu ni Nikosia.
Watu waliishi huko walau kuanzia milenia ya 10 KK.
Zamani za Kale kisiwa kilikuwa chanzo cha shaba nyingi iliyopatikana katika eneo la Mediteranea ya mashariki. Jina la kikemia la shaba "kupri" linatokana na jina la kisiwa hicho.
Kisiwa kinazungumziwa na Biblia ya Kikristo, kwa namna ya pekee kuhusiana na umisionari wa Mtume Barnaba na wenzie Mtume Paulo na Marko Mwinjili kisiwani huko.
Kuanzia mwaka 649 Kupro ilishambuliwa na pengine kutawaliwa na Waarabu walioua wakazi wengi na kubomoa makanisa na miji mizima.
Baada ya Wakristo kujirudishia kisiwa hicho muhimu, Waturuki Waosmani walikiteka mwaka 1570 na kuingiza Uislamu bila kufaulu kufuta dini ya awali.
Mwaka 1878 Uingereza ulianza kutawala Kupro bila kuitenga rasmi na Dola la Waosmani hadi mwaka 1914.
Tarehe 16 Agosti 1960 Kupro ilijipatia uhuru ingawa kulikuwa na utata kati ya kubaki peke yake, kuungana na Ugiriki au kugawiwa kati ya kaskazini (Waturuki) na kusini (Wagiriki).
Tangu vita vya Kupro, 1974 kisiwa kimegawiwa, huku maeneo ya kaskazini yakiwa yanatawaliwa na Jamhuri ya Kituruki ya Cyprus ya Kaskazini isiyotambulika kimataifa.
Pamoja na hayo, Kupro imefaulu kujiunga na Umoja wa Ulaya tarehe 1 Mei 2004.
Wakazi walio wengi hutumia lugha ya Kigiriki, wengine Kituruki, ambazo zote mbili ni lugha rasmi.
Kwa jumla hao wa kwanza ni Wakristo (72.3% za wakazi wote), wa pili ni Waislamu (25%).
Wakristo karibu wote ni Waorthodoksi; wengine ni Wakatoliki (2.9%, hasa Wamaroni), Waprotestanti (2%) na Waarmenia.
Dini ina nafasi kubwa katika maisha ya wananchi.
35°N 33°E﻿ / ﻿35°N 33°E﻿ / 35; 33
Sanaa isiyoshikika

Sanaa isiyoshikika ni sanaa ya kisasa ambayo hailengi kuonyesha picha za dunia yetu ya kila siku. Inatumia rangi, mistari na maumbo (fomu), lakini si kwa nia ya kuwakilisha vitu au viumbe vilivyo hai. Mara nyingi wasanii wa aina hiyo waliathiriwa na maoni na falsafa za kutoshikika.
Sanaa isiyoshikika hupatikana hasa katika uchoraji na uchongaji. Pia kuna kazi nyingi za sanaa ambazo kwa sehemu hazishikiki, na kwa sehemu zinawakilisha uhalisia. Wasanii wengi walifanya kazi kwa aina ya sanaa ya kisasa na aina nyingine.
Sanaa isiyoshikika ni uvumbuzi wa karne ya 20. Ilikuwa kati ya aina za kwanza za sanaa ya kisasa, lakini labda ni harakati moja ambayo ni ya kisasa kabisa. Haina mizizi katika sanaa ya mapema (kama tunavyotumia neno leo).
Mmoja wa kwanza aliyechora picha isiyoshikika kabisa alikuwa Kazimir Malevich, ambaye aliwasilisha mraba mweusi kabisa mnamo 1913. Katika sanaa yake aliyoitumia tu tangu na maumbo ya kijiometri.
Kuna mamia ya wasanii ambao walichora kazi zisizoshikika. Piet Mondrian na mchongaji Henry Moore wanastahili kutajwa kwa ushawishi wao mkubwa kwa wasanii wengine.
Wassily Kandinsky

Wassily Kandinsky (16 Desemba 1866 - 13 Desemba 1944) alikuwa mchoraji kutoka nchini Urusi na mtaalamu wa nadharia ya sanaa.
Anahesabiwa kati ya wasanii muhimu zaidi wa karne ya 20. Alikuwa mkubwa katika sanaa ya kisasa kwenye mwanzo wa karne ya 20 akaumba taswira ambazo ni kati ya kazi za kwanza za sanaa isiyoshikika (abstract art) . Sanaa yake ilibadilika mara kadhaa wakati wa maisha yake.
Alizaliwa Moscow lakini miaka ya utoto wake aliishi huko Odessa kwenye mwambao wa Bahari Nyeusi. Alijiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Moscow akasoma sheria na uchumi. Alifanikiwa kabisa katika taaluma yake - alialikwa kuwa profesa wa sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Dorpat - alianza kuchora akiwa na umri wa miaka 30.
Mnamo 1896 alihamia Munich (Bavaria - Ujerumani) na kusoma kwanza katika shule ya binafsi, kisha katika Chuo cha Sanaa cha Munich. Alirudi Moscow mnamo 1914 baada ya mwanzo wa Vita ya Kwanza ya Dunia. Hakupendezwa na mafundisho rasmi ya kufundisha sanaa baada ya mapinduzi ya Urusi akarudi Ujerumani mnamo 1921. Huko alifundisha katika shule ya sanaa na usanifu Bauhaus kuanzia 1922 hadi 1833 wakati Wanazi walipokifunga. Kisha alihamia Ufaransa ambako aliishi maisha yake yote, na kupata kuwa raia wa Ufaransa mnamo 1939. Alifariki huko Neuilly-sur-Seine mnamo 1944.
Mogens Andersen

Mogens Helge Thestrup Andersen (8 Agosti 1916 – 18 Aprili 2003) alikuwa mchoraji kutoka Denmark.
Alizaliwa Copenhagen, Andersen alisomea uchoraji katika shule ya sanaa ya P. Rostrup Bøyesen (1933–1939). Alionyesha kazi zake kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye maonesho ya Kunstnernes Efterårsudstilling mwaka 1935. Kazi zake za awali zilikuwa michoro ya watu yenye rangi za udongo, lakini alivutiwa zaidi na Umoderni wa Kifaransa. Baada ya Vita vya Pili vya Dunia, alikaa kwa muda mrefu Paris hadi mwaka 1965, ambako alivutiwa na sanaa ya Kiadilifu (Abstract art). Kutokana na urafiki wake na Pierre Soulages na Jean Bazaine, alikua na mtindo wa michoro ya giza yenye umbo la kiarabeski kwenye mandhari ya mwanga.
Theresa Musoke

Theresa Musoke (alizaliwa Kampala, Uganda, 1945) ni msanii wa Uganda na Kenya anayejulikana kwa maonyesho yake ya majaribio na maonyesho ya wanyamapori wa Kenya na uzoefu wa wanawake katika Afrika. Anajulikana sana kwa kazi yake ya uchoraji na uchapishaji, lakini pia hutumia batik, kitambaa cha gome, akriliki, na rangi, kati ya vifaa vingine katika kazi zake, hata akijaribu sanamu wakati mwingine.
Musoke anaelezea kazi zake kama "semi-abstract" na inajumuisha mada kama vile urithi wake wa kimataifa, kitambulisho cha Kiafrika kwa ujumla, na mada za kike ikiwa ni pamoja na majukumu ya nyumbani, uzazi na uzazi wa mpango katika vipande vyake. Sanaa ya Musoke inaonyesha mzozo wa kisiasa ambao alikulia, akiwakilisha mchanganyiko anuwai wa mifumo, media, na mitindo, ya jadi na ya kisasa, kwa kuongeza hadi "miongo kadhaa ya mabadiliko kutoka kwa mila ya kufundisha kwa kibinafsi hadi mafunzo ya shule ya sanaa ya magharibi, ikiibuka kama aina ya sanaa ambayo inasherehekea urithi tajiri wa kihistoria na kitamaduni ambao hauwezi kueleweka tu kwa hali na kanuni za sanaa na muundo".
ArchiAfrika

ArchiAfrika ni shirika lisilo la faida linalojishughulisha na usanifu wa Afrika.
ArchiAfrika iliundwa mwaka 2001 na kikundi cha wahandisi wa Kiholanzi, ikiwemo Antoni Folkers, ambao walitumia miaka mingi barani Afrika. Waliporudi Uholanzi, waligundua kuwa usanifu wa Kiafrika ulikuwa haujulikani sana ulimwenguni Magharibi na walitaka kubadili hali hiyo. Baada ya uzoefu wao Afrika, walikuwa na hakika kwamba usanifu wa Kiafrika na historia ya usanifu wa Kiafrika ni tajiri kwa kina na aina mbalimbali, na kwamba ulimwengu mzima unaweza kunufaika sana kutokana na uwepo imara wa wahandisi wa Kiafrika katika mjadala wa usanifu wa kimataifa na maarifa zaidi ya Usanifu wa Kiafrika kwa ujumla.
Lengo la ArchiAfrika ni kuweka usanifu wa Kiafrika katika ramani ya dunia, kuhakikisha kwamba Usanifu wa Kiafrika unawakilishwa katika mjadala wa usanifu wa kimataifa, kuchangia katika uelewa na maendeleo ya usanifu wa Kiafrika kwa kutoa jukwaa la kubadilishana maarifa na habari kuhusu shughuli, watu, na miradi inayohusiana na usanifu barani Afrika, na kuchochea mazungumzo kati ya Afrika na ulimwengu kuhusu usanifu wa Kiafrika.
Kikundi cha lengo la ArchiAfrika kinajumuisha wahandisi wa usanifu, wapangaji miji, walimu, wanafunzi, na wataalamu wanaohusika katika usanifu na taasisi za kitamaduni, serikali, na makazi.
ArchiAfrika inalenga kufikia malengo yaliyotajwa hapo juu kwa:
- Tovuti
- Injini ya utafutaji kuhusu usanifu wa Kiafrika
-Barua pepe ya habari kuhusu usanifu wa Kiafrika
Kupitia njia hizi, ArchiAfrika inalenga kukuza uelewa na maendeleo ya usanifu wa Kiafrika na kuhakikisha kwamba usanifu wa Kiafrika unapata nafasi muhimu katika mazungumzo ya kimataifa ya usanifu.
Tartu

Tartu ni mji nchini Estonia; kwa ukubwa ni mji wa pili ukiwa na wakazi 96,736 kwenye mwaka 2017.
Tartu ilianzishwa katika karne ya 11 kilijulikana kwa jina la Tharbata. Kaika historia yake ilijulikana pia kama Dorpat au Derpt.
Chuo Kikuu cha Dorpat / Tartu kilianzishwa mwaka 1632 ni chuo kikuu cha kwanza cha Estonia.
Tartu travel guide kutoka Wikisafiri
Makanisa ya Bikira Maria

Makanisa ya Bikira Maria ni maabadi ya Kikristo ambapo mama wa Yesu anaheshimiwa kwa namna ya pekee, kwa kuwa ama aliishi huko, ama alitokea ama alifanya muujiza, ama waumini wenyewe walijisikia hamu ya kuonyesha shukrani yao kwake.
Makanisa ya namna hiyo yalijengwa tangu karne za kwanza za historia ya Ukristo, hasa baada ya Hati ya Milano iliyowapa wananchi uhuru wa dini katika Dola la Roma, na siku hizi zinapatikana katika mabara yote, hata Antaktiki.
Mara nyingi ni patakatifu palipo lengo la hija hasa ya Wakristo wa madhehebu mbalimbali.
Kubwa kuliko yote ni Basilika la Bikira Maria Aparecida, Brazil, ambalo limezidiwa tu na Basilika la Mt. Petro huko Roma-Vatikano.
Mtindo wa Kigothi mamboleo

Mtindo wa Kigothi mamboleo (kwa Kiingereza: Gothic Revival architecture, Victorian Gothic, neo-Gothic, au Gothick) ulikuwa mtindo wa usanifu majengo ambao uliiga kwa kiasi tofauti ule wa Kigothi uliotawala Ulaya katika karne za kati.
Mtindo huo ulianza Uingereza mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1740, ulistawi mwanzoni mwa karne ya 19, na kutawala katika ustaarabu wa Magharibi katikati ya karne hiyo.
Mfano maarufu katika Afrika Mashariki ni kanisa kuu la Mt. Yosefu (kwa Kiingereza: St Joseph Cathedral church) jijini Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, lililojengwa kwa umahiri na wamisionari Wabenedikto kutoka Ujerumani kuanzia mwaka 1897 hadi 1902 likatabarukiwa mwaka 1905.. Hadi sasa ni kanisa kuu la Jimbo Kuu la Dar es Salaam. Kati ya sifa zake, mojawapo ni vioo vya rangi nyuma ya altare.
Nuru Inyangete

Nuru Susan Nyerere Inyangete (alizaliwa 6 Desemba 1961) ni mtaalamu wa sanaa na sayansi ya Usanifu majengo nchini Tanzania. .
Nuru ameshika nafasi ya ukurugenzi kwenye taasisi mbalimbali ikiwemo Epitome Architects Limited ambapo ni mkurugenzi mtendaji . Amejikita zaidi kwenye usanifu wa kijani na endelevu, usanifu mazingira na usanifu wa ndani.
Nuru alizaliwa kwenye familia ya Lulu Kimbe na Joseph Kizurira Nyerere, mdogo wake Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere . Ni mke wa profesa Charles George Inyangete, ambaye alioana naye tarehe 6 Julai 1991 jijini London nchini Uingereza. Ni mama wa watoto wawili, Ebony Neema Inyangete (1991) na Eno Melanie Inyangete (1994).
Nuru alipata elimu ya sekondari kutoka shule ya sekondari WeruWeru iliyopo Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Alifaulu vizuri na kuendelea na elimu ya sekondari ya juu shule ya sekondari Tambaza, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Ana shahada ya uzamili kwenye sayansi ya ujenzi kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Strathclyde, Uingereza. Pia alisoma shahada za kwanza 2, moja kwenye usanifu majengo (Bachelor of Architecture) na nyingine sayansi ya usanifu (Bachelor of Science in Architectural Studies), zote akizipata kutoka Chuo hichohicho kati ya mwaka 1987 na 1989.
Nuru ana uzoefu wa miaka zaidi ya 25 katika usanifu na ujenzi. Amefanya kazi nchi mbalimbali zikiwemo Uingereza, Nigeria na Tanzania. Amekua akifanya kazi kama mbunifu na mkurugenzi wa miradi mbalimbali ihusianayo na usanifu na ujenzi wa makazi, sehemu za biashara, majengo ya taasisi, usanifu wa ndani na usanifu endelevu.
Pia ametumikia kwenye bodi za taasisi mbalimbali zikiwemo bodi ya wasanifu majengo ya Tanzania (Architects and Quantity Surveyors Registration Board of Tanzania - AQRB) kama mwanzilishi na mwanachama, pamoja na mamlaka ya ununuzi ya Tanzania (Public Procurement Appeals Authority of Tanzania - PPAA).
Sanamu ya wapanda farasi ya Antonio Aguilar

Sanamu ya farasi ya Antonio Aguilar imewekwa katika Mnara wa Kihistoria wa El Pueblo de Los Ángeles huko Los Angeles, katika jimbo la California, Marekani. Sanamu hiyo iko kwenye kona ya Mtaa wa Los Angeles na Mtaa wa Alameda, mbele ya Kituo cha Union cha jiji.
Michoro ya miambani

Michoro ya miambani (ing. rock art) ni jina kwa michoro ya aina mbalimbali iliyofanywa na wanadamu kwenye uso wa miamba asilia. Ni aina ya sanaa inayoweza kuwa na umri mkubwa sana.
Wataalamu wa akiolojia hutofautisha kati ya
Michoro ya aina hii hupatikana katika mabara yote na nchi nyingi. Mfano mashuhuri ni Michoro ya Kondoa nchini Tanzania.
Inapatikana kwenye uso wa mwamba unaosimama kama ukuta ama kwenye mtelemko mkali wa mlima au ndani ya mapango.
Johannes Phokela

Johannes Phokela (alizaliwa 1966 ) ni mchoraji na mchongaji sanamu wa nchini Afrika Kusini.
Johannes Phokela alizaliwa Soweto, Afrika Kusini mwaka wa 1966 na kupata mafunzo chini ya Durant Sihlali .
Phokela alipokuwa mtoto alishuhudia maasi ya Soweto na baadaye kutengeza kumbukumbu kuhusu tukio hilo, ikiwa ni pamoja na sanamu ya Teboho MacDonald Mashinini iliyopo kwenye uwanja wa Shule ya Upili ya Morris Isaacson iliyozinduliwa mnamo 1 Mei 2010, na sanamu kubwa ya kitabu kilichokaa kinyume kabisa na shule.
Elimu ya amani

Elimu ya amani ni mchakato wa kupata maadili, maarifa, mitazamo, ujuzi, na tabia ili kuishi kwa amani na wewe mwenyewe, wengine, na mazingira asilia. Kuna matamko na maazimio mengi ya Umoja wa Mataifa kuhusu umuhimu wa amani. Ban Ki Moon, Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa, aliweka wakfu Siku ya Kimataifa ya Amani 2013 kwa elimu ya amani katika juhudi za kuelekeza mawazo na kufadhili ukuu wa elimu ya amani kama njia ya kuleta utamaduni wa amani. Koichiro Matsuura, Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Shirika la Elimu, Sayansi na Utamaduni la Umoja wa Mataifa, ameandika kwamba elimu ya amani ni "muhimu wa kimsingi kwa misheni ya Umoja wa Mataifa na Shirika la Elimu, Sayansi na Utamaduni la Umoja wa Mataifa". Elimu ya amani kama haki inasisitizwa zaidi na watafiti wa amani kama vile Betty Reardon na Douglas Roche. Pia, hivi karibuni kumekuwa na uhusiano kati ya elimu ya amani na elimu ya haki za binadamu.
Propaganda

Propaganda (lat. propagare kueneza) ni jitihada ya kuathiri mawazo na maoni katika jamii kwenda mwelekeo unaotakiwa na wenye propaganda. Inafanana na njia zinazotumiwa kwa matangazo ya kiuchumi yanayolenga kuuza bidhaa fulani au kusambaza mafundisho ya kidini lakini eneo la propaganda ni kisiasa. Kwa hiyo mara nyingi sehemu muhimu ya propaganda ni kuchora picha baya ya wapinzani au maadui.
Jambo muhimu katika propaganda ni kuonyesha habari jinsi inavyofaa zaidi kwa kuathiri watu si kuonyesha hali jinsi ilivyo au pande mbalimbali ya hali halisi.
Harakati ya kisiasa kama Ukomunisti au Ufashisti zilitumia propaganda kwa kusudi na wakati mwingine kwa mafanikio. Kutokana na historia hii neno propaganda haina maana mazuri. Siku hizi vyama vya kisiasa na serikali wanapenelea kuita idara husika "mawasiliano na umma" (public relations) au "habari" (information).
Akina Wright

Akina Wright (Wright brothers) ni namna ya kutaja ndugu Orville Wright (19 Agosti 1871 - 30 Januari 1948) na Wilbur Wright (16 Aprili 1867 - 30 Mei 1912) wanaoaminiwa na wengi kuwa walibuni na kurusha eropleni ya kwanza yenye injini iliyoweza kuongozwa mnamo 17 Desemba 1903. Hata hivyo, madai hayo yamepingwa kwa kurejelea wavumbuzi wengine waliofanya majaribio na eropleni katika miaka iliyotangulia.
Ndugu Wrights walikulia nchini Marekani huko Dayton, Ohio. Walikuwa wana wa mchungaji aliyewahamasisha kusoma na kuuliza maswali.
Baada ya shule ya sekondari hawakusoma chuoni bali walianzisha gazeti. Baada ya hapo, walianzisha duka la kujenga na kutengeneza baisikeli.
Kufikia miaka ya 1890, akina Wrights walipendezwa na kuruka, hasa baada ya kusikia kuhusu jitihada za Otto Lilienthal huko Ujerumani. Walianza majaribio ya kutengeneza ndege katika duka lao la baiskeli. Walielewa changamoto kubwa ilikuwa kudhibiti ndege ikiwa hewani, maana Lilienthal na wengine walikuwa wamekufa wakati hawakuweza kudhibiti ndege zao.
Kuanzia mwaka 1900 hadi 1902, waliunda nyiririko huko Dayton na kuzijaribisha pale Kitty Hawk penye upepo wenye nguvu na wa kudumu.
Tangu 1903 waliweka injini ndogo na parapela kwenye eropleni zao. Jaribio lililofaulu hutajwa kutokea 14 Desemba 1903, ambako Wilbur alikaa hewani kwa sekunde tatu. Karika siku zilizofuata, waliruka tena na hadi mwaka 1904 waliweza kukaa hewani tayari dakika moja na nusu na kumaliza mviringo hewani. Mwaka 1905 walitegeneza ndege yao ya tatu iliyoweza kukaa hewani kwa kilomita 39.4 katika muda wa dakika 38.
Akina Wright hawakutangaza kazi yao kwa sababu walitaka kuanza biashara wakiogopa watu wengine watatumia mbinu zao na kuzitumia kwa ndege za wenyewe. Hatimaye waliridhika walifika mahali walifanya maonyesho kwa ajili ya jeshi la Marekani na serikali ya Ufaransa kwenye mwaka 1908.
Baada ya hapo, walianzisha kampuni ya kujenga ndege. Wakati wa Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia Wilbur alifariki. Orville aliendelea kufanya kazi ili kuweka sifa yake kama mtu wa kwanza kuruka. Baadaye aliuza kampuni yake akipumzika. Alifariki mnamo 1948.
Augustino wa Canterbury

Augustino wa Canterbury (kwa Kilatini Augustinus Cantiacorum) alizaliwa Roma, Italia, 13 Novemba 534 akafariki Canterbury, Uingereza, 26 Mei 604) alikuwa mmonaki kutoka Italia aliyetumwa na Papa Gregori I kama askofu mmisionari huko Uingereza mwaka 597 akiwa na wamonaki wenzake wengi.
Baada ya kupokewa vizuri na mfalme Ethelbert wa Kent, aliiga maisha ya Kanisa la mwanzo na kumuongoa mfalme huyo pamoja na wananchi wengi sana, akianzisha kwa ajili yao majimbo mbalimbali.
Anaheshimiwa na Kanisa Katoliki, Waorthodoksi na Waanglikana kama mtakatifu "mtume wa Uingereza".
Sikukuu yake ni tarehe 26 Mei au 27 Mei.
Nyumba ya Jaekel

Nyumba ya Jaekel ni jumba la wakoloni la ghorofa 2 huko Ebute Metta, Lagos, Nigeria. Nyumba hiyo ilijengwa mnamo 1898 kwenye eneo kubwa la ardhi iliyopambwa na jina lake baada ya marehemu Francis Jaekel OBE, msimamizi wa zamani wa shirika la reli la Nigeria ambaye alistaafu katika miaka ya 1970 baada ya karibu miongo mitatu ya huduma. Nyumba Jaekel ilikuwa makazi rasmi ya Meneja Mkuu na baadaye ilibadilishwa kuwa nyumba ya mapumziko ya wafanyikazi wakuu. Jengo hilo lilikarabatiwa na kurejeshwa na Profesa John Godwin kwa ushirikiano na shirika la reli mwaka wa 2010. Jengo hilo sasa ni "makumbusho ndogo" inayoonyesha kumbukumbu za picha zilizoanzia miaka ya 1940 hadi 1970 za watu binafsi, maeneo, matukio ya kihistoria ya Nigeria kabla na baada ya uhuru na nyumba za sanaa (zana, vifaa, mavazi, picha, n.k) za shirika la zamani la reli. Pia ni mojawapo ya maeneo ya harusi ya ngano huko Lagos.
Gümüşhane

Gümüşhane ni jina la kutaja mji mkuu wa Jimbo la Gümüşhane katika maeneo ya Bahari Nyeusi huko nchnii Uturuki. Mji umelaliana na Ziwa Harşit, kwenye mapolomoko yenye takriban futi 5,000 (1,500 m). Takriban maili 40 kutoka kusini-magharibi mwa mji wa Trabzon.
Kwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2000, mji una wakazi wapatao 46,656 ambao wengine 30,270 wanaishi katikati ya mji wa Gümüşhane. Mji una eneo la kilomita za mraba zipatazo 1789, na mapolomoko 1227 m.
Jina linamaana ya "jumba la fedha" kwa Kituruki na linatokana na migodi ya fedha iliyokaribu nayo. Wakati wa zama za Byzantine eneo waliokuwa wakilimiliki lilikuwa likiitwa Chaldia. Baada ya Ufufuko wa Wagiriki mnamo miaka ya 1850, mji ulikuwa ukiitwa Argyròpolis kwa Kigiriki (mji wa fedha), kwa mali zilizopo mjini hapo.
Aksaray

Aksaray ni mji uliopo Anatolia ya Kati nchini Uturuki na ndiyo mji mkuu wa Mkoa wa Aksaray.
Kwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika mnamo mwaka wa 2000, idadi ya wakazi waishio katika wilaya hiyo ni 236,560 ambao wengine 129,949 wanaishi katika mji wa Aksaray.
Wilaya imechukua eneo la km 4,589 (na 1,772 sq mi), na wastani wa mapolomoko ni m 980 (na ft 3,215), na kilele kirefu cha Mlima Hasan mnamo 3,253 m (na ft 10,673).
Jiwe

Jiwe (wingi: mawe) ni kitu chochote kigumu kitokanacho ardhini, kama vipande vidogovidogo ambavyo vinatokana na kuvunjika au kumeguka kwa miamba. Huundwa na madini mbalimbali yanapochanganyika kwa mvua na joto kali hukausha maji au hata pia mkandamizo.
Jiwe mchanga

Jiwe mchanga (kwa Kiingereza: sandstone) ni aina ya mwamba mashapo. Linaundwa na mchanga uliogandamizwa, hivyo madini ndani yake ni hasa shondo na felispa.
Jiwe mchanga ni mwamba thabiti ambayo hailikwi kirahisi, pia si ngumu mno, hivyo hutumiwa kwa ujenzi katika nchi nyingi.
Jiwe mchanga linabadilika kuwa kwasiti kama inaathiriwa na shinikizo kubwa, kwa mfano chini ya matabaka ya ardhi au kama linalala chini ya milima.
Jiwe mchanga huundwa katika hatua mbili. Kwanza, mchanga unakaa na kuunda tabaka la mashapo.
Baada ya matabaka ya mashapo mapya zaidi hukusanya juu yake, hili tabaka la mashapo linagandamizwa na uzito wa matabaka ya juu yakiimarishwa kuwa jiwe.
Oksidi ya chuma mara nyingi hufanya jiwe mchanga liwe na rangi nyekundu.
Jiwe la nyoka

Jiwe la nyoka ni jiwe linalotumika katika kutoa huduma ya kwanza kwa mgonjwa aliyeng'atwa na nyoka. Jiwe hilo lina asili ya kuwa na elementi za Kaboni [C].
Jiwe la nyoka lina uwezo wa kunyonya sumu ya nyoka na kumuacha mjeruhiwa salama bila ya sumu katika mwili.
Jiwe la nyoka hupatikana baada ya kuchoma mfupa wa mnyama mwenye umbo kubwa; kwa mfano nyati, mbawa na hata mfupa wa binadamu ambayo matokeo yake ni kipande cha mfupa kilichoungua ambacho huitwa jiwe la nyoka.
Jiwe la Rosetta

Jiwe la Rosetta ni jiwe la granodiorite lililoandikwa matoleo matatu ya amri iliyotolewa mwaka wa 196 KK wakati wa nasaba ya Ptolemaic ya Misri, kwa niaba ya Mfalme Ptolemy V Epiphanes. Maandishi ya juu na ya kati yapo katika Kimisri ya Kale kwa kutumia maandishi ya hieroglyphic na Demotic, mtawalia, huku ya chini ni katika Kigiriki cha Kale. Amri ina tofauti ndogo tu katika matoleo matatu, na kufanya Rosetta Stone kuwa ufunguo wa kufafanua maandishi ya Kimisri.
Jiwe hilo lilichongwa wakati wa Ugiriki na inaaminika kuwa hapo awali lilionyeshwa ndani ya hekalu, labda huko Sais. Pengine ilihamishwa mwishoni mwa zamani au wakati wa kipindi cha Mamluk, na hatimaye ilitumiwa kama nyenzo ya ujenzi katika ujenzi wa Fort Julien karibu na mji wa Rashid (Rosetta) katika Delta ya Nile. Ilipatikana huko mnamo Julai 1799 na afisa wa Ufaransa Pierre-François Bouchard wakati wa kampeni ya Napoleon huko Misri. Ilikuwa ni maandishi ya kwanza ya lugha mbili ya Misri ya Kale kupatikana katika nyakati za kisasa, na iliamsha shauku ya watu wengi na uwezo wayo wa kufafanua mwandiko huu wa hieroglifi ambao haukutafsiriwa hapo awali. Nakala za lithographic na plaster casts hivi karibuni zilianza kuzunguka kati ya makumbusho na wasomi wa Uropa. Wakati Waingereza walipowashinda Wafaransa, walichukua jiwe hilo hadi London chini ya masharti ya Utekaji nyara wa Alexandria mnamo 1801. Tangu 1802, limekuwa likionyeshwa hadharani kwenye Jumba la Makumbusho la Uingereza karibu kila wakati na ndio kitu kilichotembelewa zaidi huko.
Jiwe la Livingstone na Stanley

Jiwe la Livingston na Stanley ni jiwe lililowekwa mnamo Novemba 25, 1871 huko Mugere, kilomita kumi kusini mwa Bujumbura kwenye ukingo wa mashariki wa Ziwa Tanganyika.
Jiwe hilo lilihamishwa na kuwekwa mahali hapo ili kukumbuka kukutana kati ya mwanachuo David Livingstone na ripota kijana Henry Morton Stanley, aliyekwenda kumtafuta.
Mkutano huo ulifanyika siku chache mapema, Novemba 10, huko Ujiji, Tanzania ya leo. Mahali palipotajwa kwenye jiwe hilo ni mahali ambapo wavumbuzi hao wawili walitia nanga kuanzia Novemba 25 hadi 27, 1871.
Lithophone

A lithophone is a musical instrument consisting of a rock or pieces of rock which are struck to produce musical notes. Notes may be sounded in combination (producing harmony) or in succession (melody). It is an idiophone comparable to instruments such as the glockenspiel, vibraphone, xylophone and marimba.
In the Hornbostel-Sachs classification system, lithophones are designated as '111.22' – directly-struck percussion plaques.
A rudimentary form of lithophone is the "rock gong", usually a natural rock formation opportunistically adapted to produce musical tones, such as that on Mfangano Island, in Lake Victoria, Kenya. The Gaval Dash in Gobustan State Historical and Cultural Reserve outside Baku, Azerbaijan is a natural stone that sounds like tambourine when struck with smaller rocks. The Great Stalacpipe Organ of Luray Caverns, Virginia, USA uses 37 stalactites to produce the Western scale. Other stalactite lithophones are at Tenkasi in South India, and at Ringing Rocks Park in Pennsylvania. An example that is no longer used is at Cave of the Winds, in Colorado Springs.
The Txalaparta (or Chalaparta), a traditional Basque instrument, can be made of wood or stone, but is traditionally wood.
More sophisticated lithophones utilize trimmed and individually mounted stones to achieve full-scale instruments:
Ancient Indians were perhaps the first to use man-made lithophones as architectural elements. Temples like Nellaiyappar temple (8th century) in Tirunelveli, Vijaya Vitthala temple (15th century) in Hampi, Madurai Meenakshi temple (16th century) and Suchindram Thanumalayan temple (17th century) have musical pillars.
A stone marimba is configured in the same manner as the more typical wooden bar marimba. The bars are usually wide like a wooden marimba, but are thinner, which helps increase resonance. The stone marimba may or may not have resonators.
In 1949 an ancient stone marimba was discovered in modern-day Vietnam near a village called Ndut Lieng Krak. The 11 stone plates, made of schist, were chipped into the tuning of a pentatonic scale. They are currently housed at the Musée de l'Homme and may be the oldest known musical instrument.
Elmenteitan

The Elmenteitan culture was a prehistoric lithic industry and pottery tradition with a distinct pattern of land use, hunting and pastoralism that appeared and developed on the western plains of Kenya, East Africa during the Pastoral Neolithic c.3300-1200 BP. It was named by archaeologist Louis Leakey after Lake Elmenteita (also Elementaita), a soda lake located in the Great Rift Valley, about 120 km (75 mi) northwest of Nairobi.
The Elmenteitan was first described by Louis Leakey from excavations at Gamble's Cave (the type site) in 1931 and Njoro River Cave in 1938. Leakey had noticed a locally distinct cluster of the lithic industry and a universal pottery tradition in a restricted area on the plains west of the central Great Rift Valley and at the Mau Escarpment.
Elmenteitan sites are found between the central Rift Valley and the western Lake Victoria Basin of Kenya. The occupants of all these sites used obsidian sourced from Mount Eburu. They left behind distinctive lithic and ceramic traditions and practiced primarily cremation burial. This contrasts with the contemporaneous SPN pastoral tradition whose sites are found across a wider part of Kenya and Tanzania. Occupants of these sites used a variety of obsidian sources, had greater diversity in material culture, and mainly buried their dead in cairns. These findings suggest that the heterogeneous SPN category likely encompasses multiple groups.
At Elmenteitan sites, lithic assemblages are distinguished by a high percentage of long symmetrical two-edged obsidian blades which were used unmodified and also served as blanks for a great variety of smaller microlithic tools.
Typical Elmenteitan artifact assemblages also include ceramic bowls and shallow stone vessels. Ceramic vessels are mainly undecorated. Several rare, but very distinctive ornamental designs such as irregular punctuation and rim millings have also been found. Occasionally small bowls with out-turned rims, handles with holes or horizontal lugs have been discovered as well.
Domestic cattle and small stock were raised and herded in combination with hunting, fishing and foraging. Patterns and degree of subsistence economy varied greatly depending on location and local and temporal climate. Regular cremation of the dead took place in caves (e.g. Egerton Cave, Keringet Caves). Njoro River Cave, first excavated in 1938 by Mary Leakey, served as a mass-burial site. Associated finds include beads, blades, stone bowls, palettes and pottery vessels.
Instances of dental avulsion in some individuals from Elmenteitan burial sites has led to associations with the early spread of Southern Nilotic speaking groups into south-western Kenya. The exact direction from which they entered southern Kenya remains unclear. Recent genetic analysis of the ancient remains of Elmenteitan has proven that the population of the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic were also responsible for the pastoralist Elmenteitan culture that lived in the Rift Valley during the same period.
Jamia Mosque (Kenya)

Jamia Mosque is a mosque located on Banda Street, Nairobi, Kenya in the Central Business District. Jamia Mosque is an important center of Islamic practice in the East and Central African region. As a landmark and heritage site at the heart of Nairobi’s CBD, Jamia Mosque-Nairobi displays an iconic image and an architectural masterpiece. Founded by Syed Maulana Abdullah Shah in the year 1902 and constructed between 1925 and 1933, Jamia Mosque became the center of Muslim religious organization throughout the pre-independent and independent years.
The mosque plays a central role to Nairobi’s large Muslim population as a location of choice for Muslims for the Friday prayers. Throughout the 90s and the 21st century Jamia has become the place where Muslim religious, political and opinion leaders meet to discuss the affairs of the ummah. In many ways Jamia Mosque’s story echoes the story of Islam in Kenya; a story of determination for identity within a mosaic of multiplicity. Jamia Mosque was extended into a modern wing in 1998 and currently houses a large modern library facility, a Multi-Purpose Hall, a weekly newsletter (The Friday Bulletin) and a television station- Horizon TV. Our Vocational College –Jamia Training institute (JTI) previously situated at Jamia mosque complex was moved to Jamia Towers to provide additional office space for Jamia mosque and Horizon TV marketing.
The Jamia Mosque retains a classic Arabic Islamic architectural style with extensive use of marble and inscriptions from the Quran, and the traditional row of shops (including a clinic and pharmacy) down one side to provide rental income for its upkeep. It is recognisable by its three silver domes, and twin minarets. It contains a library and a training institute where one can learn Arabic, introductory computing and cloth making.
Jamia Mosque Nairobi Official Website [1]
Parliament Buildings (Kenya)

The Parliament Buildings in Nairobi are the seat of the Kenyan Parliament.
The buildings were constructed in 1954 and became the home of the colonial legislature of the Kenya Colony, the Legislative Council of Kenya, which sat there until 1963, when the council was replaced by the National Assembly. The buildings, known before 1963 as the "Legislative Buildings", were designed by prominent modernist architect, Amyas Connell, and the town planning advisor to the Kenyan Colonial Government, Harold Thornley Dyer. The Parliament has an English-style clocktower which was a design requirement to have the Legislative Buildings echo the Palace of Westminster and Big Ben.
During the Kenya Finance Bill protests on 25 June 2024, the parliament was stormed. Several rooms were ransacked while parts of the building were set on fire. The ceremonial mace used in legislative proceedings was stolen. Ten protesters were shot dead by police with 31 protesters injured and over 280 protesters arrested.
Jomo Kenyatta, Kenya's first prime minister and president, is buried on the estate.
1°17′24″S 36°49′12″E﻿ / ﻿1.29000°S 36.82000°E﻿ / -1.29000; 36.82000
Tsavorite

Tsavorite or tsavolite is a variety of the garnet group species grossular, a calcium-aluminium garnet with the formula Ca3Al2Si3O12. Trace amounts of vanadium or chromium provide the green color.
In 1967, British gem prospector and geologist Campbell R. Bridges discovered a deposit of green grossular in the mountains of Simanjiro District of Manyara Region of north-east Tanzania in a place called Lemshuko, 15 km (9.3 mi) away from Komolo, the first village. The specimens he found were of very intense color and of high transparency. The find interested the gem trade, and attempts were made to export the stones, but the Tanzanian government did not provide permits.
Believing that the deposit was a part of a larger geological structure extending possibly into Kenya, Bridges began prospecting in that nation. He was successful a second time in 1971, when he found the mineral variety there, and was granted a permit to mine the deposit. The gemstone was known only to mineral specialists until 1974, when Tiffany and Co launched a marketing campaign which brought broader recognition of the stone.
Bridges was murdered in 2009 when a mob attacked him and his son on their property in Tsavo East National Park. It is believed that the attack was connected to a three-year dispute over access and control of Bridges' gemstone mines.
The name tsavorite was proposed by Tiffany and Co president Henry Platt in honor of Tsavo East National Park in Kenya. Apart from this source and the first discovered locality in Manyara, Tanzania, it is also found in Toliara (Tuléar) Province, Madagascar. Small deposits of gem grade material have been found in Pakistan and Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. No other occurrences of gem material have yet been discovered.
Rare in gem-quality over several carats (1 carat = 200 mg), tsavorite has been found in larger sizes. In late 2006, a 925-carat (185.0 g) crystal was discovered. It yielded an oval mixed-cut 325 carat (65 g) stone, one of the largest, if not the largest, faceted tsavorites in the world. A crystal that yielded a 120.68-carat (24.136 g) oval mixed-cut gem was also uncovered in early 2006. The Lion of Merelani is a square cushion cut tsavorite that weighs 116.76 carats and has 177 facets. It is on display at the Smithsonian Institution.
Tsavorite formed in a Neoproterozoic metamorphic event which involved extensive folding and refolding of rock. This resulted in a wide range of inclusions forming within most Tsavorite crystals. These inclusions are strong identifying features in Tsavorite.
Stone (manga)

STONe (ストーン, Sutoon) is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Shinichi Hiromoto. Kodansha released the two bound volumes of the manga on April 23, 2002, and August 23, 2002, respectively.
The manga is licensed for an English-language release in North America by Tokyopop. Tokyopop released the two bound volumes of the manga on September 7, 2004, and December 7, 2004, respectively.
Manga Life's Kelvin Green commends the manga for its artwork but criticises the editor for the needless explaining of an homage of Star Wars.
Dalanzadgad

Dalanzadgad (Mongolian: Даланзадгад; ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨᠵᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳ) is the capital of Ömnögovi Aimag in Mongolia. It is located 540 kilometers (340 mi) south of the national capital Ulaanbaatar. The altitude of the city center is 1,470 meters (4,823 feet).
As of 2011, its population is 19,396.
Dalanzadgad experiences a cold desert climate (Köppen BWk, Trewartha BWac) with cold winters and warm summers. By Mongolian standards it is one of the warmest places in the country during winter. Along with Tsetserleg and Arvaikheer it was warmer than Hohhot in January 2014 and 2015. A unique steppe micro-climate with running streams and lush grass can be found in the nearby Yolyn Am valley.
The district is divided into ten bags, which are:
There is GSM coverage in the city the same as in other major locations - the coverage is good for about a mile out of the city. Usually, the city is also supplied with electric power 24 hours a day. Near Dalanzadgad, at 43°31′54.38″N 104°24′4.16″E, there is a longwave broadcasting station working on 209 kHz with 75 kW.
Dalanzadgad Airport (ZMDZ/DLZ) is served by regular domestic flights from and to Ulaanbaatar. There are summer and winter timetables.
In 2007, the Mongolian Civil Aviation Authority built a new airport with a paved runway. The runway is second longest in the country after Buyant-Ukhaa International Airport. Before that, the airport had only one gravel runway.
Dalanzadgad has a paved road connecting it with Ulaanbaatar. There is no direct road access across the Gobi desert to China.
43°34′12″N 104°25′33″E﻿ / ﻿43.57000°N 104.42583°E﻿ / 43.57000; 104.42583
Choi pan

Choi pan merupakan hidangan Tionghoa yang dikenal di beberapa daerah seperti Bangka-Belitung dan Kalimantan Barat. Choi pan (菜粄) merupakan istilah bahasa Hakka yang berarti "kue yang berisi sayuran". Dalam bahasa Tiochiu hidangan ini disebut chai kue (菜粿) yang artinya kurang lebih sama.
Sepintas bentuknya mirip dengan pastel atau kroket, tetapi pengolahannya berbeda, jika pastel dan kroket harus digoreng terlebih dahulu, maka choi pan harus dikukus sebelum disajikan. Isi choi pan dapat berupa bengkuang, talas, maupun kucai. Kulitnya yang tipis terbuat dari tepung beras dengan pelengkap bawang goreng di atasnya.
Choi pan umumnya dikenal di daerah-daerah lain yang memiliki komunitas Tionghoa. Di Bangka Belitung, kue ini juga dinamakan choi pan oleh penutur Hakka. Nama lainnya adalah choi-pau-pan atau sam-kok-pan dengan bentuk segitiga yang disantap dengan cuka pedas manis. Di Medan, hidangan ini disebut chai pao yang dibuat dengan cara digoreng. Seiring berjalannya waktu, terdapat beragam variasi isian chai kue antara lain isian kari ayam, udang, ebi kukus, jamur, dan potongan daging.
Kue maksuba

Kue maksuba adalah salah satu kudapan khas Sumatera Selatan dan tergolong sebagai jenis kue lapis. Kue maksuba termasuk ke dalam kue basah dan memiliki rasa manis juga gurih. Memilki ciri khas berwarna kekuningan dan garis-garis kehitaman di tengahnya yang nampak seperti kue lapis.
Kue Maksuba ini memiliki makna dan filosofinya sendiri yaitu sebagai suatu kesabaran. Kesabaran dalam hal ini terkait dengan proses pembuatannya yang membutuhkan kesabaran, karena dibuat dengan lapis demi lapis hingga kue maksuba matang. Hal ini berarti bahwa dalam kehidupan kita pun dituntut untuk senantiasa bersabar, ketika ingin menggapai apa pun dalam kehidupan. Begitu juga jika kita ingin merasakan nikmat, manis dan gurihnya kue maksuba harus melalui proses kesabaran dalam pembuatannya.
Kue ini biasanya disajikan saat waktu tertentu misalnya saat lebaran, idul adha atau pernikahan. Kue Maksuba biasanya dijadikan sebagai salah satu hantaran saat pernikahan dan diserahkan oleh pengantin kepada orang tua dan mertuanya. Selain itu, kue Maksuba juga bisa sebagai antaran calon pengantin pria ke pengantin wanita saat lamaran. Saat lebaran, kue maksuba dibawa kembali oleh pengantin baru saat berkunjung ke rumah orang tua dan mertuanya. Hal ini bermakna bahwa kue ini merupakan simbol penghargaan kepada orang yang dihormati.
Kue ini memiliki kemiripan dengan kue Kojo, namun yang membedakan adalah bahan pembuatannya. Kue Maksuba menggunakan susu kental manis dan warnanya tidak hijau. Kue ini juga mirip dengan kue 8 jam. Bahan yang dibutuhkan sama dengan kue 8 jam, tetapi cara pembuatannya berbeda. Kue maksuba dibuat secara berlapis-lapis sehingga setelah selesai hasil kuenya berlapis-lapis mirip seperti pengerjaan kue lapis.
Kue maksuba dibuat oleh seorang Panggong, sebutan untuk juru masak tradisional di Palembang yang mewarisi cara memasak makanan tertentu secara turun temurun. Keahlian yang harus dimiliki oleh juru masak ini adalah terus mengawasi api agar kue tidak gosong dan bara api tetap menyala. Pembuatan kue ini memerlukan waktu 3 jam.
Kue ini berbahan telur bebek, gula pasir, margarin dan lain-lain. Setiap 1 loyang kue membutuhkan 28 telur bebek dan tidak memerlukan bahan pengembang. Hanya perlu telaten membuat lapisan per lapisan, memanggang setiap lapisan hingga lapisan selanjutnya.
Cara pembuatannya adalah dengan mengocok telur dan gula hingga mengembang, kemudian tambahkan sekaleng susu kental manis. Setelah tercampur rata, masukkan mentega cair dan pengharum (esens vanili).