davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Lauhala

Lauhala, lau meaning "leaf" in the Hawaiian language, refers to the leaves of the hala tree (Pandanus tectorius).
The hala tree is of great cultural, health and economic importance in many Pacific Islands. The fruit of the tree is used as a food source in many Pacific Islands. The fruits are often consumed fresh or as a preserved food while the trunks of P. tectorius can be used as building material, and leaves for thatching. Though many parts of the hala tree are utilized, in Hawaii the most common use of Hala is the leaves.
Hawaiians distinguish five kinds of the hala tree according to the colour and size of the fruits:
Many Pacific cultures weave, plait, or braid the leaves of the P. tectorius to create useful items such as baskets, mats and hats. Though it is a long and arduous process to prepare the leaves for weaving, the final products are works of art with a pleasing earthy feel.
Remains of lauhala from burial caves in Hawaiʻi show almost the same patterns as more recent woven objects, therefore the tradition of this craft seems to be very old. The district of Puna on the Island of Hawaiʻi was known for the abundance of hala.
During the Hawaiian Renaissance the lauhala weaving became popular again, and nowadays also non traditional items.
The favored lauhala for weaving was called "lauhala kilipaki". The leaves of this Pandanus sp. were exceptionally soft and durable. They were highly prized for their beauty in color and the ease with which they could be plaited. Special sleeping mats were created out of the "Hīnano", male flower, of the hala tree. The light colored bracts were very soft and pliable and made very finely woven mats reserved for the chiefs (moena hīnano' or ʻahu hīnano). They were especially prized because of their scarcity. Male plants are much less common in the wild than female, and they only make a few flowers per season. The bracts are also very short, about 25 centimetres (9.8 in) long and 15 centimetres (5.9 in) wide, with only about two thirds of the bract actually usable for weaving.
Christmas flowers

Christmas flowers are the popular flowers used during the festive season of Christmas. In many nations, seasonal flowers and plants such as Poinsettia, Christmas cactus, holly, Christmas rose, ivy and mistletoe form a major part of traditional Christmas decoration.
The ancient Aztecs (ruling tribe in central Mexico at the time of contact with Europe) prized the poinsettia as a symbol of purity. Centuries later, Mexico's early Christians adopted the poinsettia as their prized Christmas Eve flower. The Mexican poinsettia, known as the Christmas Flower in North America, is used in most Christmas decorations, owing to its bright red color and its blooming season coinciding with the Christmas holiday season. However, florist dye them in common colors or even add shimmers to make them much more visually engaging during Christmas.
Christmas cactus, also known as orchid cactus, often blooms around Christmas time. There are a number of different cactus species sold as "Christmas cactus".
One plant called Christmas rose is regarded as a true Christmas flower in certain parts of the world. Christmas rose (Serissa) is also known as the "snow rose" or "winter rose". Originally from tropical regions of Asia, cultivated Serissa often blooms during the winter. On the occasion of Christmas Eve, it is traditional for young women in North America to exchange specially designed Christmas roses resembling their spirit of fraternity.
Another plant known as Christmas rose is Helleborus niger.
Holly is the plant most associated with Christmas in many European countries. Holly wreaths are hung on doors, and sprigs of holly are used to trim Christmas puddings.
Like most of the other Christmas flowers, ivy leaves symbolize eternity and resurrection. The ivy leaf has been associated with the ancient Egyptian god Osiris and the Greco-Roman god Attis, both of whom were resurrected from the dead.
Mistletoe is a Christmas plant whose origin is said to date back to the Pagans. Druid priests used this Christmas plant two hundred years before the birth of Christ in their winter celebrations. A more modern tradition is to exchange kisses under a sprig of mistletoe.
In New Zealand, the pohutukawa tree is often associated with Christmas, as its bright red flowers usually appear in December.
Magain Shalome Synagogue

The Magain Shalome Synagogue (Urdu: مگین شلوم کنیسہ; Hebrew: בית הכנסת מגן שלום) was a former Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, that was located in Karachi, Pakistan.
The synagogue was built by Solomon David Umerdekar in 1893, when the region was still under British rule as India. The synagogue was destroyed in 1988 by the orders of then President of Pakistan, Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, following which a shopping plaza was built in its place.
Construction of the synagogue completed in 1893, and was further extended in 1912 by Umerdekar's two sons, Gershon Solomon Umerdekar and Rahamim Solomon Umerdekar. A community hall named "Shegulbai Hall" was built by Abraham Reuben Kamerlekar in memory of Shegulabai Solomon Umerdekar.
In 1916, the Jewish community of Karachi, India, opened a Hebrew school on the synagogue premises, and later constructed the Nathan Abraham Hall in 1918. The synagogue had a main signboard which designated it as the "Bani Israel Masjid”, owing to the region's Muslim-dominated and Urdu-speaking society.
The synagogue soon became the centre of a small but vibrant Jewish community, one of whose leaders, Abraham Reuben, became a councillor on the Karachi city corporation in 1936. The Partition of British India along religious lines between Hindus and Muslims in August 1947 saw the city of Karachi fall within the borders of the new Muslim-majority state of Pakistan, following which the synagogue's front affiliation signboard was changed, designating it under the "Pakistan Bene Israel Community". Less than a year later, the synagogue was attacked and set on fire by Muslim rioters following the 1948 Declaration of Independence of the State of Israel. During this time, several Jews all over Pakistan were attacked, eventually driving parts of the community to flee to neighbouring India. However, the frequency of attacks on Jews in Pakistan increased after each of the Arab−Israeli Wars in 1948, 1956, 1967 and 1973. By the early 1970s, the Pakistani Jewish community had largely left for Israel or India due to the Jewish exodus from Muslim states, effectively rendering the synagogue to be largely dormant.
On 17 July 1988, the synagogue was demolished and eventually replaced by a shopping plaza (Madiha Square) in the Ranchore Line neighbourhood of southern Karachi.
In 1989, the original ark and podium were reportedly stored by a non-Jew in Karachi, while a Torah scroll case was taken by a Jewish American woman to the United States. In 2004, she donated the synagogue's registers covering the period of 1961–1976 to the Israeli Ben-Zvi Institute in Jerusalem. In these ledgers, a circumcision was recorded in 1963, and several weddings in 1963–64. In 1973, only 15 names were written down, of whom nine were listed as "left Karachi".
Banaras railway station

Banaras Railway Station (station code: BSBS), formerly known as Manduadih Railway Station, is located in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. This station, recently renamed to resonate more closely with the city's heritage, has become a key transit point in the North Eastern Railway Zone. Due to high demand at Varanasi Junction, Banaras Station has been upgraded with extensive passenger facilities, making it one of the city's high-amenity stations. The new signboards display the station's name in Hindi, English, Urdu, and Sanskrit, underscoring its cultural significance.
The Prayagraj–Mau–Gorakhpur main line was constructed as a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)-wide metre-gauge line by the Bengal and North Western Railway between 1899 and 1913. It was opened as MG (metre-gauge) railway station in 1906. It is now, NSG-3 Class and Adarsh station. It was converted to 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge in 1993–94.
2015 certified railway station with ISO 9001 for quality management system, ISO 14001 for environment management system and OHSAS 18001 for occupation health and safety management system. It has also achieved certification of 5S for work management system on 2 Oct 2019 by QFCI/Varanasi Chapter. It is NGT complied station.
The newly transformed station now has 8 platforms including a second entry platform. It has a spacious waiting area, circulating area, booking/reservation office, cafeteria, food court, and waiting rooms. The station also has AC lounge, non-AC retiring rooms and dormitories. The railway station will also offer employment to local citizens. The architecture in the station premises reflects Kashi's faith. The station's surroundings contains fountains and seating area. The railway station is also equipped with stainless steel lounges and LED lights. It is located in south-west zone of Varanasi City Municipal area, close to the famous Banaras Locomotive Works (700 metres) & Banaras Hindu University (3 km), and it is well connected to most of the places within the city.
Keraleeyam (festival)

Keraleeyam is an annual festival held in Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of Kerala. It celebrates the development and achievements of Kerala and its culture. The festival includes seminars, exhibitions, trade fairs, film festivals, food festivals, flower show, light shows, cultural fests, B2B meetings etc, and is spread across more than 40 venues.
Over 25 curated expos and seminars, trade fair featuring over 400 stalls, 11 different types of food fests curated art exhibitions with a camp of contemporary painters and live caricature events, a film festival organised by the Kerala State Chalachitra Academy, flower shows across six venues, cultural fests showcasing Kerala's art and culture at 42 venues across the city, thematic illumination spanning from Kowdiar to East Fort, encompassing 8 distinct color themes across 8 designated areas are part of the festival.
List of Berenstain Bears books

This list of Berenstain Bears books includes many in the picture book series (such as "Beginner Books" and "First Time Books") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the "Big Chapter Books" series. Since the first Berenstain Bears installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.
In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote three books that feature the Berenstain Bears: two parenting books, What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad (1995) and The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials (2005), and their autobiography, Down a Sunny Dirt Road (2002).
Titles marked with an asterisk (*) were adapted into episodes of the 1985 TV series.
Titles marked with two asterisks (**) were adapted into episodes of the 2002 TV series.
The following list contains all Berenstain Bears storybooks and activity/coloring books, as well as non-Bears books by the Berenstains.
Tiobraid Árann (Dáilcheantar go dtí 2020)

Ba thoghcheantar parlaiminte suite i bPoblacht na hÉireann é Tiobraid Árann, go dtí 2020. Dáilcheantar cúig shuíochán a bhí ann in 2020. In 2024, bhí Tiobraid Árann roinnte ina dhá dháilcheantar trí shuíochán.
Olltoghchán 2016
San Olltoghchán 2016, toghadh mar Theachtaí Dála Séamus Healy (Grúpa Gníomhaíochta na n-Oibrithe is iad atá Dífhostaithe), Alan Kelly (LO), Mattie McGrath (Neamhspleách), Michael Lowry (Neamhspleách), agus Jackie Cahill (FF). Sheas Noel Coonan (FG) san Olltoghchán 2016, ach chaill sé a shuíochán. Sheas Tom Hayes (FG) san Olltoghchán 2016 chomh maith, ach chaill sé a shuíochán. Michael Lowry a bhí ar bharr an chomhairimh in 2016 nuair a bhí an contae ar fad ina dháilcheantar amháin.
Olltoghchán 2020
San Olltoghchán 2020, toghadh mar Theachtaí Dála Martin Browne (SF), Alan Kelly (LO), Mattie McGrath (Neamhspleách), Michael Lowry (Neamhspleách), agus Jackie Cahill (FF). Michael Lowry a bhí ar bharr an chomhairimh in 2020 nuair a bhí an contae ar fad ina dháilcheantar amháin.
Contae Thiobraid Árann

In oirthear Chúige Mumhan atá Tiobraid Árann nó Contae Thiobraid Árann, I dtaobh riaracháin de, tá an contae roinnte idir Thiobraid Árann Thuaidh agus Tiobraid Árann Theas, agus dhá phríomhbhaile ag an gcontae dá bharr.
Contae Thiobraid Árann Theas

Ba chontae riaracháin i bPoblacht na hÉireann é Tiobraid Árann Theas, tuairim is 52% den chontae stairiúil Tiobraid Árann. Bunaíodh sa bhliain 1838 é agus cuireadh ar cheal é, ag teacht ar éis le chéile le Thiobraid Árann Thuaidh, sa bhliain 2014 tar éis toghchán áitiúla. Is í Cluain Meala an príomhbhaile. Is iad Carraig na Siúire, Caiseal agus an baile Tiobraid Árann na bailte tábhachtacha eile. Tá Tiobraid Árann Thuaidh suite san iarthar-láir agus tá Tiobraid Árann Theas san oirdheisceart.
Contae Thiobraid Árann Thuaidh

Ba chontae riaracháin in Éirinn í Tiobraid Árann Thuaidh, a chuimsíonn 48% den chontae stairiúil Tiobraid Árann. Bunaíodh sa bhliain 1898 é, agus bhí Comhairle Contae aige ón am sin go dtí 2014, nuair a tháinig sé ar ais le chéile le Thiobraid Árann Theas, sa bhliain 2014 tar éis toghcháin áitiúla.
Is í an tAonach an príomhbhaile. Is iad Buiríos Uí Chéin, Durlas, an Port Nua, Ros Cré, agus an Teampall Mór bailte tábhachtacha eile. Nuair a bhí ann do Thiobraid Árann Thuaidh mar chontae riaracháin, bhí sí sa réigiún staidrimh An tIarthar Láir, fad is a raibh Tiobraid Árann Theas sa réigiún An tOirdheisceart.
Anois agus Tiobraid Árann ar fad ina contae riaracháin arís, tá an contae ar fad suite san Iarthar Láir.
Contae Macon, Alabama

Is contae in Alabama é Contae Macon. Tá sé suite in oirthear an stáit. Tá an dlús daonra (14/km²) ann. Is é Tuskegee príomhbhaile an chontae. Sa bhliain 2016 bhí 18,963 daoine ina gcónaí ann. Tá sé ag críochantacht le Contaetha Bullock, Elmore, Lee, Montgomery, Russell, agus Tallapoosa.
Tá an Chontae Macon ar cheann den contaetha i gCrios Gorm (Béarla: the Black Belt), réigiún i Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá theas. Is í an áit a tharla Turgnaimh Sifilis Tuskegee, mar aon le suíomh Ollscoile Tuskegee, ceann den ollscoile rinneadh mar 'gorm go stairiúil'.
Bunaíodh Contae Macon ar 18 Nollaig 1832. Tugann ainm an chontae don Seanadóir John Elmore ó Carolina Thuaidh.
Cill Táile

Is baile fearainn agus paróiste dlí suite i gContae na Mí í Cill Táile (Béarla: Kiltale). Tá daonra timpeall 300 aici agus tá sí suite ar an mbóthar réigiúnach R154, an príomhbhóthar ó Bhaile Átha Cliath go dtí Baile Átha Troim. Tá an baile thart ar 9 ciliméadar soir ó Baile Átha Troim, 9 ciliméadar siar ó Dún Seachlainn agus 19 ciliméadar ó dheas den Uaimh. Níl Cill Táile ach 7 ciliméadar ón suíomh stairiúil, Teamhair.
Dún Aonghasa

Séadchomhartha stairiúil is ea Dún Aonghasa in Inis Mór. Is suíomh tábhachtach seandálaíochta é, agus bíonn an-tóir ag turasóirí air.
Ní fios cathain go díreach a tógadh Dún Aonghasa i dtús báire, cé go gcreidtear anois go raibh an chuid is mó de na struchtúir ann chomh fada siar leis an gCré-Umhaois agus leis an Iarannaois. An tuairim a bhí ag an scoláire Tomás Ó Rathile ná gurb iad na Builg a thóg Dún Aonghasa le linn an dara haois. Fuarthas amach ó thochailtí seandálaíochta ar an suíomh gur tosaíodh an tógáil thart ar 1100 RC, nuair a carnadh spallaí ar chlocha móra seasta chun an chéad bhalla a chruthú. Creidtear gur tógadh na ballaí cosanta ar an taobh thiar den Dún thart ar 500 RC.
Atógadh ballaí Dhún Aonghusa sa 20ú haois agus tá siúláin, seomraí, agus staighrí iontu anois. Is furasta na ballaí nua a aithint toisc gur baineadh úsáid as moirtéal san athchóiriú.
Tá iarsmalann bheag i ngar do Dhún Aonghasa ina bhfuil taispeántais ar stair an Dúin.
Tá suímh réamhstairiúla eile in Inis Mór atá cosúil le Dún Aonghasa: Dún Dúchathair, Dún Eoghanachta, agus Dún Eochla ina measc, chomh maith le Dún Chonchúir atá suite ar Inis Meáin.
Carraig Phádraig

Is sean daingean agus láthair eaglasta stairiúil í Carraig Phádraig (The Rock of Cashel as Béarla). Tá sí suite ar imeall bhaile Chaisil, i gContae Thiobraid Árann.
Níl ach fothracha ann anois, cé gur séadchomhartha náisiúnta í agus tá athchóiriú déanta ag Oifig na nOibreacha Poiblí ar chuid mhaith de na foirgnimh ar an láthair. Tá an baile suite in aice leis an mbóthar náisiúnta ó Bhaile Átha Cliath go Corcaigh, an N8.
Baineann an chuid is mó de na foirgnimh ar an láthair ón 12ú agus ón 13ú haois, cé go raibh an áit ina ríchathaoir ag Ríthe na Mumhan ar feadh na gcéadta bliain roimhe sin.
Tharla Creachadh Chaisil ar 15 Meán Fómhair 1647, le linn Chogadh na hAon Bhliana Déag, nuair a rinne Murchadh Ó Briain (nó an Iarla Inse Chuinn) scrios iomlán ar gharastún na Comhdhála, a bhí lonnaithe ar Charraig Phádraig.
An Feadán Mór

Is baile fearainn suite i gContae Thiobraid Árann é an Feadán Mór.
Is é an baile fearainn an Fheadáin Mór(uaireanta " Faddenmore ") i fóparóister an Charraig, atá i ndiaidh a chuid an pharóiste Bhiorra i gContae Uíbh Fhailí. Ina theannta sin, tá Feadán i mBarúntacht stairiúil Urmhumhan Íochtarach .
Feadán Áirítear portach móna mór, a bhfuil san am atá thart bhuail na riachtanais soladach bhreosla (i bhfoirm móna) de chuid mhór de na lár na tíre. An móna a úsáidtear chun a ghearradh ag baint úsáide as úirlis a dtugtar sleán, ach sna blianta sin tá lománaíodh le cabhair innealra. An saltair Críostaí luath-mheánaoiseach a dtugtar anois mar an Saltair an Fheadáin Mhóir Thángthas anseo i mí Iúil 2006 sa phortach móna
Cúige Mumhan

Is í An Mhumhain nó Cúige Mumhan (Béarla: Munster) an cúige in iardheisceart na hÉireann, agus tá sé chontae inti. Tá Contae Thiobraid Árann roinnte ina dá leath. Corcaigh, Luimneach agus Port Láirge na cathracha móra atá inti.
I rith na luathaoiseanna AD, hIverni lonnaithe sa Mhumhain; Clann Dedad a bhí ann, agus Cú Raoi agus Conaire Mór ina measc. Bhí an ceantar faoi cheannas na Dáirine agus Corcu Loígde. Sa 5ú haois, tháinig Naomh Pádraig le roinnt bliana years agus bhunaigh sé eaglaisí agus d'oirnigh sagairt. Le linn na luath-mheánaoise, bhí an chuid is mó den cheantar mar chuid de ríocht na Mumhan, faoi cheannas na hEoghanachta, Cathal mac Finguine agus Feidlimid mac Cremthainn i measc ceannairí mór le rá. I measc ríochtaí agus tiarnais suntasach áitiúil, bhí Iarmumha, Osraí, Uí Liatháin, Uí , Éile, Múscraí, Ciarraí Luachra, Corca Dhuibhne, Corca Bhaiscinn agus Deise Mumhan.
Faoin 9ú haois, bhí na Gall-Ghaeil (Lochlannaigh) lonnaithe in Éirinn, agus cathracha sábháil is Corcaigh, Port Láirge agus Luimneach bunaithe acu. Bunaithe ar na cathracha is, bhí ríocht mhara ag Uí Íomhair, a chur an Mhumha ó am go ham faoi bhagairt. Timpeall an ama seo, scar Osraí leis an Mhumhain. Sa 10ú haois, thit cumhacht na nEoganacht i laige, agus tháinig Dál gCais chun cinn. Bhí Tuamha, taobh thiar den tSionainn ionghafa acu sa Mhumhain isteach. Bhí a cheannairí ina sinsir Uí Bhriain, Brian Bóramha ach go háirithe, Ardrí na hÉireann is mó le rá, b'fhéidir. D'éirigh roinnt dá sliocht fosta ina n-ardríthe.
Faoin mbliain 1118, bhí Mumhan críochdheighilte ina ríochtaí Tuamhan faoi Uí Bhriain, Deasmhumha faoi Mhic Cárthaigh (Eoghanachta) agus Urmhumha mar mhair i bhfad faoi Uí Chinnéide (Dál gCais). Tá na trí ríochtaí déanacha seo léirithe mar corónacha ar bhrat na Mumhan.
Ón 14ú haois ar aghaidh, tháinig na Normannaigh, ina measc clanna FitzGerald, de Clare agus de Buitléir, mar chuid de Thiarnas na hÉireann. Faoi dheireadh, bhain Iarlaí na Deasmhumhan neamhspleáchas amach, ach d'fhan Iarlaí na hUrmhumhan gar do Shasana. Ghlac Uí Bhriain agus Mhic Cárthaigh le polasaí ghéilleadh agus athbhronnadh na dTúdarach sna blianta 1543 agus 1565, ag súil isteach i ríocht na hÉireann. Go gairid i ndiaidh sin, tharla Éirithe Amach Dheasmhumhan, i gceannas FitzGerald.
Le linn lár na 19ú haoise, tharla an Gorta Mór agus a thionchar millteanach, go háirithe san iarthar. Sa bhliain 1841, bhí trí milliún duine ina gcónaí sa chúige, ach thit an líon seo go géar mar thoradh ar ghorta agus eisimirce, suas fiú go dtí na 1980í. Tháinig Cogadh na Saoirse i gcion ar an gcúige san 20ú haois. Le seal gairid, bhí Poblacht na Mumhan ann le linn Chogadh Cathartha na hÉireann.
De shliocht Ghaeil na Mumhan ba ea na ceannairí Éireannacha Dónall Ó Conaill agus Mícheál Ó Coileáin.
Seancontaetha
Bailte is Mó
Craobh Iomána Shinsearach na hÉireann 1955

Ba chomórtas iománaíochta í Craobh Iomána Shinsearach na hÉireann 1955, a thosaigh ar 24 Aibreán 1955 agus chríochnaigh ar 4 Meán Fómhair 1955. B'í an 69ú comórtas Craobh Iomána Shinsearach na hÉireann. Ghlac 14 fhoireann páirt. Bhuaigh Loch Garman an comórtas don dara huair.
Craobh Iomána Shinsearach na hÉireann 1943

Ba chomórtas iománaíochta í Craobh Iomána Shinsearach na hÉireann 1943, a thosaigh ar 2 Bealtaine 1943 agus chríochnaigh ar 5 Meán Fómhair 1943. B'í an 57ú comórtas Craobh Iomána Shinsearach na hÉireann. Ghlac 17 bhfoireann páirt. Bhuaigh Corcaigh an comórtas don 14ú huair.
Ráth Chrois Uaithne

Séadchomhartha Náisiúnta is ea Ráth Chrois Uaithne, le cloch Oghaim in aice láimhe, suite i gContae Chill Mhantáin, Éire.
Tá Ráth Chrois Uaithne suite i Buaile an Charraigín ar fána thoir theas de Chill Rannaileach sna Sléibhte Chill Mhantáin, gar do dhá fo-abha Na Sláine, agus 6.5 km ó shoir de Bhealach Conglais.
Is clós fairsing é Ráth Chros Uaithne, le tomhas 65m trasna, agus achar 0.41 ha. Tá sé suite ar fána oirdheisceart de Chnoc Chill Rannaileach, dídean ón aimsir tugtha dó ó thuaidh agus ó thiar ag an gcnoc féin, ó thuaidh ag Spinans Hill níos airde, agus ó thoir ag sliabh Chéidín níos airde.
Creidtear gurbh áitreabh é Ráth Chros Uaithne de roinnt phearsana (leath)stairiúil den chéad mhíle bliain AD:
Tá cruth ciorclach Ráth Chros Uaithne, a bheag nó a mhór, le banc cré agus cloch, agus móta seachtrach, mar teorainn, le banc ón taobh amuigh theas. Feictear dúshraith dhá fhoirgneamh laistigh de.
Tá an chloch Oghaim (CIIC 50) suite laistigh den ráth agus deirtear go dtéann sí siar go dtí AD 400–500. Léitear an inscríbhinn
Ráth Torcaill

Is Séadchomhartha Náisiúnta i Cill Mhantáin é Ráth Torcaill.
Tá Ráth Torcaill suite i gCoill Ghleann Daingin, 1.6 km (0.99 míle) siar ó thuaidh ó Bhaile Coimín, ag breathnú amach ar thaiscumar Abhainn na Life agus in aice le foinse na Moiréile.
Creidtear go bhfuair an suíomh a ainm ón Meic Torcaill, teaghlach mór le rá Lochlannach-Gaelach i mBaile Átha Cliath sa 12ú haois. Tá an t-ainm céanna le fáil sa bhaile fearainn Baile Mhic Torcail (Béarla: Curtlestown), atá suite siar ó Chúirt an Phaoraigh. Tháinig an suíomh faoi smacht na Normannach ina dhiaidh sin. Tógadh créfort fáinneach mar sin ag Ráth Torcaill le linn na céime is luaithe de ghabháil na Normannach in Éirinn. De ghnáth bhí túr geata adhmaid acu, le bealach isteach le cabhsa le líneáil chloiche air agus bainc le líneáil cloiche orthu agus sonnach adhmaid ar a bharr. Tá an suíomh aitheanta ag Oifig na nOibreacha Poiblí mar cheann a bhfuil “tábhacht mhór stairiúil leis” tar éis staidéar seandálaíochta a dhéanamh ar an gceantar.
Is ubhchruthach é an créfort fáinneach agus tá an limistéar lárnach ardaithe, cuimsithe ag bruach ard cré, móta seachtrach agus bruach seachtrach. Tá an bealach isteach ó dheas agus tá cabhsa trasna na díge.
Muiris Ó Laoire

Is scríbhneoir agus acadóir Éireannach é an tOllamh Muiris Ó Laoire. Ciarraíoch atá ann a bhfuil léachtóireacht sa Ghaeilge déanta aige san Institiúid Teicneolaíochta, Trá Lí. Oifigeach Oideachais le Gaeilge sa Chomhairle Náisiúnta Curaclaim agus Measúnachta a bhí ann freisin.
Tá céim dochtúireachta aige ó Ollscoil na hÉireann, Má Nuad. Tá téacsleabhair agus ailt éagsúla foilsithe aige i réimse an oideachais agus na teangeolaíochta feidhmí.
Scríobh an Laoireach leabhar dar teideal Athbheochan na hEabhraise - Ceacht don Ghaeilge faoi athbheochan theanga na hEabhraise. Tugtar léiriú sa leabhar ar ghnéithe áirithe d'athbheochan na hEabhraise sa Phalaistín le linn na tréimhse 1880 go 1930.
Féachtar sa leabhar seo ar chúlra stairiúil na hathbheochana agus dírítear ar ar na cúinsí a bhí laistiar de leathnú na teanga, go háirithe i réimsí an teaghlaigh agus an oideachais. Scrúdaítear cúlra athbheochan na Gaeilge agus cuid den phleanáil teanga a rinneadh abhus ar mhaithe le roinnt gnéithe inchomparáide idir an dá athbheochan a léiriú. Is saothar taighde é an leabhar seo agus is é bonn na hanailíse ann ná an cheist seo a leanas a fhreagairt: Cén fáth go raibh rath chomh mór is a bhí ar athbheochan na hEabhraise in Iosrael, agus céard is féidir leis na Gaeil a fhoghlaim chun an dul chun cinn céanna leis an nGaeilge a bhaint amach?
Hore Abbey

Hore Abbey (also Hoare Abbey, sometimes known as St Mary's) is a ruined Cistercian monastery near the Rock of Cashel, County Tipperary, Ireland.
'Hore' is thought to derive from 'iubhair' – yew tree. The former Benedictine abbey at Hore was given to the Cistercians by Archbishop David Mac Cerbaill (in 1270), who later entered the monastery, and was buried there in 1289. He endowed the Abbey generously with land, mills and other benefices previously belonging to the town. A story that is much cited by tour guides is that he evicted the Benedictines after a dream that they were about to kill him. This is unlikely to be true and probably arises from the Archbishop's 'interference' with the commerce of the city of Cashel. His disfavour of the established orders in Cashel certainly caused local resentment. He was resented by some of the townspeople, being considered too much in favour of the Irish by the more Anglicised. This is evident in the objection by the thirty-eight local brewers to the levy of two flagons out of every brewing and in the murder of two monks who were visiting the town. He was by all accounts an exceptionally quarrelsome man, who in his long career clashed with the Dean of Cashel, his fellow bishops and the Dublin administration.
Hore Abbey is distinctive among Irish Cistercian monasteries in that the cloister lies to the north. The siting of the Abbey, with the Rock of Cashel close by to the north, may explain this departure from the usual arrangement.
List of Cistercian abbeys in Ireland

This is a List of Cistercian monasteries (called abbeys) in Ireland. The first abbey built in Ireland was Mellifont Abbey, founded by Saint Malachy, Archbishop of Armagh in 1142.
Given in brackets are the date of foundation and the motherhouse which established the Abbey.
†Note: The Savigniac order was founded in 1105 but by 1147 due to financial issues all Savigniac Abbeys were absorbed into the Cistercian order
Tipperary County Council

Tipperary County Council (Irish: Comhairle Contae Thiobraid Árann) is the local authority of County Tipperary, Ireland. As a county council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001. The council is responsible for housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture, and environment. The council has 40 elected members. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the title of Cathaoirleach (chairperson). The county administration is headed by a chief executive, Joe MacGrath. The administrative centres are Nenagh and Clonmel.
Tipperary County Council was established on 1 June 2014 and came into operation after the 2014 local elections, as a successor to North Tipperary County Council and South Tipperary County Council under the provisions of the Local Government Reform Act 2014. On the same date, the town councils of Carrick-on-Suir, Cashel, Nenagh, Templemore, Tipperary and Thurles and the borough council of Clonmel were dissolved and their functions were transferred to Tipperary County Council. The council has 40 members. This is a reduction from the combined total of its predecessor councils (21 in North Tipperary and 26 in South Tipperary).
Tipperary County Council has three representatives on the Southern Regional Assembly who are part of the Mid-West Strategic Planning Area Committee.
Members of Tipperary County Council are elected for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV) from multi-member local electoral areas (LEAs).
County Tipperary is divided into LEAs, defined by electoral divisions, and into borough and municipal districts for the purposes of local exercising of the powers of the local authority. The municipal district which contains the administrative area of the former borough of Clonmel is referred to as a Borough District.
The following were elected at the 2024 Tipperary County Council election.
This list reflects the order in which councillors were elected on 7 June 2024.
Monasterboice

The Monasterboice (Irish: Mainistir Bhuithe) ruins are the remains of an early Christian monastic settlement in County Louth in Ireland, north of Drogheda. The ruins are a national monument of Ireland and also give their name to the local village and to a civil parish of the same name.
The name Monasterboice is a part-anglicisation of the Irish name Mainistir Bhuithe meaning "monastery of Buithe". It was formerly anglicised as Monasterboye and Monasterboyse. Boice is the English version of the Latin name Boecius, which was adopted as the equivalent of the Irish Buithe.
The monastic settlement was founded in the late 5th century by Saint Buithe (or Buite) who died around 521.
Poet and historian Flann Mainistrech, Flann of Monasterboice, was lector here.
Little is known about the monastery except for a list of abbots (759-1122). It fell into ruin after the establishment of the Cistercian Mellifont Abbey nearby in 1142.
A parochial church was in use at the location by the 13th century.
The site includes the remains of two churches built in the 14th century or later and an earlier round tower, but it is most famous for its high crosses. The round tower is about 28 metres tall, and is in very good condition. It was likely built shortly after 968 and damaged in a fire in 1098. The three high crosses date from the 10th century and form part of the scriptural group (showing biblical scenes).
The 5.5-metre Muiredach's High Cross is regarded as the finest high cross in the whole of Ireland. It is named after an abbot, Muiredach mac Domhnaill, who died in 923 and features biblical carvings of both the Old (Adam and Eve) and New Testaments (the Adoration of the Magi) of the Bible. The North and West crosses are also notable examples of this kind of structure, but these have suffered much more from the effects of the weather. A copy of the main cross is held in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.
The property is owned by the National Monuments Service and is accessible to the public.
Burials in the graveyard around the ruins continue in the present day.
Fore Abbey

Fore Abbey (Irish: Mainistir Fhobhair) is the ruins of a Benedictine and Early Gaelic 7th century Abbey with associated Mill, Anchorite's Cell, Holy Wells and a structure associated with St. Feichin, all situated to the north of Lough Lene in County Westmeath, adjacent to Fore village. Architectural additions, damage by fire and dismantlement have altered the site's appearance and layout over the centuries.
The abbey was founded in the 7th century by Saint Feichin in 630 CE. It functioned for over 400 years until it was re-founded by de Lacy in around 1200 as a cell of the Abbey of Évreux, now Évreux Cathedral in France as the 'Abbey of SS. Féichín & Taurinus OB'. Fore is the anglicised version of the Irish "Fobhair", meaning "water-springs". The name is derived from St. Feichin's spring or well which is next to the 'old church' (7th century Irish church with cellae), a short distance from the ruined later monastery. The site is referenced in the Annals of Inisfallen (AI) as "Repose of Fechtnach of Fobar". The Ó Cibhleacháin clan were recorded as the coarbs of the Monastery at Fore.
In the 13th century Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath had built a Benedictine priory in the valley near the Gaelic Monastery. Many of the buildings that remain today (in ruins) are from the 13th and 15th century and have been restored throughout the 20th century, making Fore Abbey and environs one of the largest group of Benedictine ruins and ecclesiastical landscape to have sojourned and remained in Ireland. This priory was dedicated to both St Féichín and St Taurin, of Évreux, founder of the parent monastery in France. As a cell of a foreign or 'alien' house in the 13th century, the English Crown held the lands and manor owned by the when the English and French were at war with each other.
The abbey is also noted for what locals call the "Seven Wonders":
Another important aspect of Fore is the Fore Crosses one of which is in the village of Fore. There are 18 crosses; some crosses are plain (most likely due to wind and rain erosion) whilst others still remain carved. These are spread out over 7 miles on roadways. The lands associated with the abbey in the middle ages were extensive taking in many of the townlands/parishes around Castlepollard.
St. Mary's Church, New Ross

St. Mary's Church is a medieval church and National Monument in New Ross, Ireland.
St. Mary's Church is located on Mary Street, New Ross, on the east bank of the River Barrow.
Abbán built a monastery in the New Ross area in the 6th century, possibly on the site where St. Mary's was later built.
St. Mary's was completed in 1210 and was founded by William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke or his wife Isabel de Clare, a daughter of Strongbow.
The bells were stolen in 1654 by a Lieut.-Col. Beale, during the Irish Confederate Wars. Divine Service was performed at St. Mary's until 1811 or 1812, when the west aisle was demolished to make room for the modern church.
Many stories are associated locally with the ruins, including one about a soldier who entered the "Black Hole" under an archway with his dog; only the dog returned. In another, a man who attempted to take the cross out of the old chancel had his brains dashed out.
The present Church of Ireland building occupies the site of the nave of the old building; only the chancel and transepts survive. The chancel has an aumbry, sedilia, piscina, tomb canopy and two doorways: one transitional and one Gothic.
There are three lancet windows in the east gable. The old chancel and the north and south transepts contain one of Ireland's largest collections of medieval funerary. One features a cross with Lamb of God, symbolism associated with the Knights Templar. Another rarity is a woman buried next to both of her husbands, a rarity in the Middle Ages.
Different Time Zones

Different Time Zones is the fifth studio album by Irish ambient musician Seamus Ó Muíneacháin.
O'Muineachain wrote the album while living in the Czech Republic. The album was released on January 7, 2022, through Ghost Home Recordings. Tracks from the album were broadcast by RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta, KEXP, and KXCI. Music videos were produced for the tracks "Over", "Summer Lightning", and "Dogwood".
Writing for Business Post, Tony Clayton-Lea opined, "O'Muineachain has graduated from ingénue to skilled practitioner, fusing found sounds with beautifully drifting intrumental pieces primarily influenced by rural Irish landscapes." Foxy Digitalis opined that; "These pieces feel like they could fall apart at any moment; a sonic house of cards that is improbable and magnetic."
List of ghost towns in Maryland

The following is an incomplete list of ghost towns in Maryland. Ghost towns can include sites in various states of disrepair and abandonment. Some sites no longer have any trace of civilization and have reverted to pasture land or empty fields. Other sites are unpopulated but still have standing buildings. Some sites may even have a sizable, though small population, but there are far fewer citizens than in its grander historic past.
Many ghost towns can be located in the Appalachian counties, particularly Garrett County. During the 18th and 19th century, a number of "boom towns" were formed to participate in the flourishing coal, railroad, and iron industries. Towards the late 19th century, the resources in the region had begun to deplete, and the onset of the Great Depression finally killed many of the industrial towns.
Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park

Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park is a United States National Historical Park in central Texas about 50 miles (80 km) west of Austin in the Texas Hill Country. The park protects the birthplace, home, ranch, and grave of Lyndon B. Johnson, 36th president of the United States. During Johnson's administration, the LBJ Ranch was known as the Texas White House because the President spent approximately 20% of his time in office there.
The park consists of two discontiguous areas, the Johnson City District and the LBJ Ranch District. The Johnson City District, located in Johnson City, contains the boyhood home of President Johnson and his grandparents' log cabin settlement, as well as the National Park Visitor Center. The LBJ Ranch District is located roughly 14 miles (23 km) west of Johnson City along the north side of the Pedernales River in Gillespie County. The ranch was the Johnson family retreat during his period of greatest influence, and is the site of the family cemetery. This gives the visitors a perspective of President Johnson's life when he was in office.
The Johnson City Unit is located on the south side of the city, with parking areas at the visitor center on Lady Bird Lane, and on United States Route 290 at N Street. The visitor center, located in a former hospital, provides an introduction to the park, exhibits and films about President Johnson and his wife Lady Bird. A short way north of the visitor center is the Johnson Boyhood Home, an 1880s Victorian house where he lived with his parents from age five. This house, restored by Johnson while he was president, was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1965. West of the visitor center is the Johnson Settlement, a restored prairie in which are found the dogtrot house of Johnson's grandfather, and other 19th-century agricultural buildings.
The ranch is located on the north side of United States Route 290, about fourteen miles west of Johnson City, with its main access through the Lyndon B. Johnson State Park and Historic Site, which lies between the highway and the south bank of the Pedernales River. The National Park Service lands lie north of the river. Among the sites preserved at the Ranch are the President's first school, his reconstructed birthplace, the Texas White House, and the Johnson Family Cemetery, where both President and Lady Bird Johnson are buried. Visitors take a self-guided auto driving tour from State Park visitor center; a permit is required. On August 2, 2018, the National Park Service announced that the Texas White House and Pool House were temporarily closed to visitors due to structural issues.
The park was authorized on December 2, 1969, as Lyndon B. Johnson National Historic Site and was redesignated as a National Historical Park on December 28, 1980. Present holdings are approximately 1,570 acres (6.4 km), 674 acres (2.7 km) of which are federal. The Johnson family continues to donate land to this property; their most recent gift was in April 1995.
Tipperary Hill

43°02′48″N 76°11′08″W﻿ / ﻿43.046546°N 76.185572°W﻿ / 43.046546; -76.185572
Tipperary Hill, sometimes known as Tipp Hill, is a district in the city of Syracuse, New York. The area is named after County Tipperary in Ireland. It is largely settled by immigrants from Ireland, especially from County Tipperary. It makes up half of Syracuse's Far Westside neighborhood.
In the 1820s, when the Erie Canal first was built from Albany, New York to Buffalo, New York, the Irish were the chief laborers. Syracuse is about the middle of the route, the "hub" of the system. When the canal was finished many of the Irish settled west of Syracuse on a hill overlooking the canal. This area became known as Tipperary Hill.
Tipperary Hill is the home of the only upside-down traffic light in the United States. When the city first started to install traffic signal lights in the 1920s they put one at a major intersection on Tipperary Hill, on the corner of Tompkins Street and Milton Avenue. Some Irish youths, incensed that anyone would dare to put the "British" red above the "Irish" green, broke the light. The city replaced it but the Irish broke the replacement. After a few rounds of this the city decided that if they wanted a light at that intersection, they had better put the signal up inverted, and so they did.
In recent years some long time neighborhood residents of Irish ancestry and local business owners gathered resources and encouraged the city first to demolish an old run-down commercial building and then in 1997 to build a small park, the Tipperary Hill Memorial Park, and erect a statue, the Tipperary Hill Heritage Memorial. The memorial is dedicated to those who, in their opinions, were brave sons of Ireland who had stood up to City Hall and won. The statue was created by Dexter Benedict. The park and statue are still there, as is the traffic light. On the eve of every Saint Patrick's Day, someone (or ones) goes out and paints a green shamrock underneath the light.
Although most people in Syracuse know about the Tipp Hill neighborhood there is little agreement as to the exact boundaries of the neighborhood. Before 1886, the entire far west side of what is now Syracuse from Burnet Park north to Milton Avenue in Solvay was known as the Village of Geddes. When the village of Geddes joined the city, there were only two churches in the neighborhood: St. Patrick's Church and The Geddes Methodist Church. Many Irish immigrants were attracted to the neighborhood nearest to St. Patrick's Church and area factories.
Tahun Baru Qamari

Tahun Baru Qamari merupakan permulaan tahun dalam takwim qamari (lunar; berasaskan bulan) atau kalendar qamari Cina (lunisolar; berasaskan bulan dan matahari).
Sambutan tahun baru berikut jatuh pada hari yang sama dalam tahun Gregory, biasanya dalam lingkungan 21 Januari hingga 20 Feburari:
Sambutan-sambutan berikut pula jatuh pada hari lain:
Jin Yong

Louis Cha Jing-yong GBM OBE（Cina: 查良鏞), atau lebih dikenali dengan nama penulisnya Jin Yong, berasal dari Haining, Zhejiang, China. Beliau merupakan seorang penulis novel seni bela diri (wuxia) yang terkenal di kalangan masyarakat China dan berhijrah ke Hong Kong pada tahun 1948. Sejak 1950-an, beliau telah menggunakan nama penulisnya Jin Yong menulis beberapa novel yang amat hangat antaranya Legenda Pendekar Pemanah Rajawali, Kembalinya Pendekar Pemanah Rajawali, Kisah Pedang Langit dan Golok Pembunuh Naga, Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils, Pendekar Hina Kelana dan The Deer and the Cauldron. Selama bertahun-tahun, karya-karya Jin Yong telah berulang kali disesuaikan dengan drama televisyen, filem dan karya-karya filem dan memberi sumbangan yang banyak kepada masyarakat hiburan China. Hal ini juga meletakkan asas untuk beliau menjadi seorang penulis Cina yang terkenal, dan beliau telah dipuji sebagai "tempat di mana ada orang Cina, dan ada novel wuxia Jin Yong." Jin Yong mengasaskan siri surat khabar dan majalah berkala di Hong Kong dan memasuki bulatan politik pada tahun 1980. Beliau pernah berkhidmat sebagai ahli Jawatankuasa Gubal Undang-undang Wilayah Pentadbiran Khas Hong Kong. 。Beliau dikenali sebagai salah satu daripada "Hong Kong Empat Ahli Sarjana" kerana novel-novelnya yang cemerlang, dan selepasnya bersama-sama dengan Gu Long dan Liang Yusheng dipanggil "Tiga pedang Novel wuxia Cina". Pada petang 30 Oktober 2018, Jin Yong meninggal di Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong dengan umur 94 tahun.
Small Town Heroes

Small Town Heroes (Bahasa Cina: 英雄假期) ialah sebuah filem drama komedi Malaysia 2022 arahan Ryon Lee. Ia mengisahkan tentang dua kanak-kanak di rumah anak yatim, Hero dan Ah Feng yang memulakan perjalanan bersama tiga orang dewasa untuk mencari ibu Hero apabila dia tidak datang menjemputnya seperti yang dijanjikan.
Filem ini menerima ulasan positif. Ia ditayangkan pada 3 Februari 2022 di Malaysia. Ia dibintangi oleh Jack Lim, Layla Sania, Phua Chandler, Roger Shak dan Yuan Teng.
Ia merupakan salah satu daripada lima filem Tahun Baharu Cina Malaysia dan Singapura 2022, termasuk Nasi Lemak 1.0 dan Kongsi Raya (Malaysia), Ah Girls Go Army dan Reunion Dinner (Singapura).
Semasa pandemik, seorang lelaki muda kembali ke kampung halamannya selepas kuarantin, mengimbau kenangan zaman kanak-kanaknya 10 tahun lalu......
Kisahnya bermula apabila Hero seorang pendiam, yang berasal dari bandar, diatur oleh ibunya dan berpindah sementara ke rumah anak yatim Rumah Kebahagiaan di kampung. Di sana, dia bertemu seorang lagi kanak-kanak, Ah Feng yang bertenaga. Kedua-duanya menjadi kawan rapat, dan melakukan pelbagai pengembaraan. Apabila ibu Hero tidak menjemputnya seperti yang dijanjikan, Ah Feng mencadangkan Hero melarikan diri ke Pulau Pinang untuk mencari ibunya. Jadi, kedua-dua budak itu, bersama tiga orang dewasa, guru rumah anak yatim yang prihatin Cikgu Aishah, pemandu penghantaran dan bapa Ah Feng Zhong Wu, penjual durian kampung Gua Qing, memulakan perjalanan untuk mencari ibu Hero di Pulau Pinang.
Filem ini diarahkan oleh Ryon Lee, yang pernah menulis skrip filem The Journey (2014). Penggambaran dijalankan di Pulau Pinang, termasui Seberang Perai. Penggambaran dijalankan pada hujung 2020 di pelbagai lokasi seperti George Town dan Frog Hill, Tasek Gelugor. Ia juga menampilkan detik terakhir Penang Ferry, yang telah menamatkan operasinya pada Disember 2020.
Red Hot Chili Peppers

Red Hot Chili Peppers ialah sebuah kugiran muzik rock terbentuk di Los Angeles tahun 1983.
Muzik dikaryakan kugiran ini menumpu kepada rock alternatif dengan unsur funk serta subgenre rock lain seperti punk rock dan rock psikedelia. Malah, campuranh unsur-unsur begini dilihat sebagai pengilham utama terbentuknya genre tertentu seperti funk metal, rap metal, rap rock dan nu metal.
Anthony Kiedis

Anthony Kiedis (lahir 1 November 1962) ialah seorang pemuzik, penyanyi dan pelakon dari Amerika Syarikat. Beliau mengetuai kugiran Red Hot Chili Peppers sebagai vokalis utama ia.
Kiedis lahir di bandar Grand Rapids, negeri Michigan pada tahun 1962. Ibunya Margaret "Peggy" Noble, seorang suri rumah mananakala ayahnya John Michael Kiedis seorang pelakon di bawah nama Blackie Dammett; keluarga sebelah ayahnya imigran dari Lithuania pada tahun 1900-an. Kedua ibu bapanya bercerai pada usia 3 tahun, di mana Anthony tinggal dibesarkan ibunya di Grand Rapids, ibunya berkahwin lagi lalu mempunyai dua adik perempuan tiri hasil hubungan tersebut.
Anthony sering berkunjung melawat bapanya di Hollywood selama dua minggu - hubungan bersama begitu rapat pada ketika ini. Beliau berpindah ke California untuk hidup bersama bapanya pada 1974 ketika berusia 12 tahun. Di sana, Anthony menceburi lakonan di bawah nama Cole Dammett dengan filem F.I.S.T. tahun 1978 sebagai anak watak lakonan Sylvester Stallone antara lainnya.
Kiedis bersekolah di Fairfax High School di Los Angeles; pada ketika itu beliau susah berkawan memandangkan beliau baru sahaja berpindah negeri. Namun, beliau berkenalan dengan Michael "Flea Balzary dalam suatu perbalahan, namun lama-kelamaan mereka menjalin suatu persahabatan yang rapat dan "tahan lama". Dia turut memperkenalkan Flea kepada muzik punk rock - Flea sudah tahu menahu hal bidnag muzik dengan minatnya terhadap genre jazz pada ketika itu
Kiedis, Flea dan Slovak memulakan kugiran mereka sendiri, Red Hot Chili Peppers, pada tahun 1984.