davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Caleta Cóndor

Caleta Cóndor es una aislada localidad costera de la Comuna de Río Negro, Provincia de Osorno en la X Región de Los Lagos, Chile.Chile
Se encuentra ubicada al sur de la localidad de Caleta Huellelhue y al norte de la comunidad de Manquemapu. Su ubicación exacta es Lat -40,7010 Long -73,7975, en la costa del océano Pacífico; la cual corresponde a la desembocadura del Río Cholhuaco.
Los habitantes del sector corresponden a comunidades indígenas que habitan este territorio y se dedican a la pesca, el buceo y el ecotourismo.
El acceso puede ser mediante barcas que zarpan los lunes y miércoles, tienen un costo de 600 pesos chilenos para los locales; si queda espacio para turistas pueden subir. También puedes tomar lanchas que tendrán un costo distinto dependiendo del dueño de la embarcación que te lleva. Es un viaje de aproximadamente 2 horas. También puede llegar a pie, por un camino no muy marcado en alrededor de 2 días. Son aproximadamente 40 kilómetros.
Boeing 707 Cóndor

El Boeing 707 Cóndor es una aeronave que poseía la Fuerza Aérea de Chile y que pertenecía al Grupo de Aviación Nº10. Es la readaptación de un Boeing 707 convertido en avión de Alerta temprana y control aerotransportado (EC-707 Cóndor), cuyas modificaciones fueron realizadas por la IAI.
IAI (Israel Aircraft Industries), en conjunto con ELTA, ha desarrollado el sistema IAI Phalcon (conocido en Chile como Cóndor), el cual cumple misiones AEW&C (Airborne Early Warning & Command) y que fue adquirido por la Fuerza Aérea de Chile a finales del año 1994. Esta aeronave llegó a Chile en mayo de 1995, teniendo como misión principal el mantener el control aéreo de la zona de combate, con capacidad ELINT (Electronic Inteligence) y COMINT (Communications Intelligence), lo que permite a la Fuerza Aérea captar señales y comunicaciones enemigas para usos estratégicos.
El Cóndor está dotado de un radar, dividido en tres antenas: una en la sección delantera del avión, y dos a cada lado del avión. Estas antenas incluyen la tecnología de Radar de fase activa. Según fuentes internacionales , los radares del Cóndor tendrían un alcance aproximado de 400 km para un objeto del tamaño de un caza. El sistema incluye las estaciones de trabajo a bordo del avión necesarias para controlar los distintos sistemas del mismo y sistemas de Data-Link, con lo que se puede transmitir en tiempo real toda la información a otras estaciones de trabajo ubicadas en el aire, tierra y mar.
El sistema Phalcon puede ser instalado en variadas plataformas tales como Boeing 767, Boeing 747, Airbus, C-130 y Boeing 707, tal como lo hizo la Fuerza Aérea de Chile. Actualmente, el Cóndor está retirado y operó en el Grupo de Aviación Nº 10 con asentamiento en el Aeropuerto Internacional Arturo Merino Benítez, junto a aviones como el Lockheed C-130 Hercules, Boeing KC-707 Águila", KC-135, B-737-300 & B-737-500, B-767-300 y Gulfstream IV.
Cóndor (periódico)

Cóndor es un semanario en idioma alemán que se edita en Santiago de Chile, por miembros de la comunidad alemana residente y otros germanoparlantes. Fundado el 15 de junio de 1938 como resultado de la fusión de tres periódicos alemanes existentes en ese momento. El primer diario en alemán chileno fue el Deutsche Nachrichten für Sud América de Valparaíso, que fue publicado entre el 17 de noviembre de 1870 y el 3 de julio de 1909.​
Su formato y periodicidad ha variado: en 1938 era de tamaño revista (72 páginas) y aparecía cada dos semanas (quincenal), en 1951 en tamaño estándar (Mercurio) de 12 páginas y los días miércoles y sábados. Actualmente es editado en formato tabloide (16 páginas) y semanalmente.
Su línea editorial es pluralista con acento en asuntos de Alemania, Austria y Suiza. La empresa editora Ediciones Chileno-Alemanas Ltda. está conformada por la Liga Chileno-Alemana (DCB, 1916) y la Sociedad Teuto-Chilena de Educación.
La Biblioteca y Archivo Histórico Emilio Held Winkler (Archivo EHW) conserva la colección completa de los ejemplares del periódico desde su primera publicación.
Alto de Cantillana

El Alto de Cantillana es un cerro grande con forma de altiplanicie que está localizado en la comuna de Paine, al suroeste de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile. Es parte de una sierra pequeña llamada Cordón de Cantillana o Altos de Cantillana. Tiene una altitud de 2281 m. En el entorno del Alto de Cantillana se encuentra la reserva natural homónima, siendo este un lugar de notable biodiversidad, y que ofrece a los visitantes actividades al aire libre tales como recorridas en bicicleta, trekking y cabalgata.
El Alto de Cantillana se encuentra situado en el cordón de Cantillana, un macizo montañoso que forma parte de la Cordillera de la Costa de Chile.​ Esta cordillera recorre una gran parte de Chile, paralelo a la costa y a la cordillera de los Andes; se inicia en el cerro Camaracas, 20 km al sur de Arica, y finaliza en la península del Taitao. Los puntos más elevados de esta cordillera se localizan al sur de Antofagasta, en la sierra Vicuña Makenna (3000 m), y en algunos cerros de la zona central chilena, tales como La Campana (1880m), Las Vizcachas (2046 m), El Roble (2222 m) y el Alto de Cantillana (2281 m).​
Desde la cima del Alto de Cantillana se pueden vislumbrar hacia el este enormes picos montañosos tales como el Aconcagua, el Marmolejo y el Tupungato, así como el volcán San José. Hacia el noreste se puede visualizar la capital, Santiago, y la cumbre del cerro Horcón de Piedra.
El Alto de Cantillana está ubicado en Chile Central, siendo ésta una de las cinco zonas del mundo que exhibe un clima mediterráneo. Las estaciones están bien marcadas, con una estación seca prolongada y un invierno lluvioso y frío. Debido a este clima característico, el entorno del Alto de Cantillana es considerado un área para la conservación de la biodiversidad chilena.​​
Iniciativa Andina de Montañas

La Iniciativa Andina de Montañas (IAM) es una plataforma de gobernanza conjunta en temas de desarrollo sostenible y conservación de las montañas, integrada por los siete países que cruza la Cordillera de los Andes: Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, Perú y Venezuela. Fue consolidada en el año 2007 con la Declaración de Tucumán​ suscrita por los países miembros, con el objetivo de fortalecer el diálogo regional y fomentar la cooperación y los acuerdos entre los países de la región Andina.
Está organizada en torno a un Consejo de Países Miembros, quienes escogen cada dos años una Coordinación Regional pro tempore, encargada de la coordinación y la representación del mecanismo regional, y una Secretaría Técnica que desempeña un rol de soporte y formulación técnica. Actualmente La Coordinación Regional es ejercida por Perú,​ y la Secretaría Técnica está bajo la responsabilidad del Consorcio para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Ecorregión Andina (CONDESAN).
Fomentar la cooperación y los acuerdos entre los países de la región Andina a fin de facilitar decisiones dirigidas al desarrollo sostenible de las áreas de montaña y sus poblaciones, promoviendo una adecuada gestión, manejo, conservación y gobernanza de los ecosistemas de montaña y la formulación e implementación de políticas, estrategias, planes y programas orientados al desarrollo de las poblaciones de montaña de los países miembros y afrontar el cambio climático.
En el año 2002, Año Internacional de las Montañas, la Declaración de Huaraz​ (Ancash, Perú) dio inicio a diversos espacios de trabajo colaborativo, con el objeto de proteger los ecosistemas de montaña y mejorar la vida de la población. En el marco de la Alianza para las Montañas,​ la Declaración de los Andes​ (2004) promovió una visión común para el desarrollo sostenible, con igualdad social, conservación de los ecosistemas y respeto de la herencia cultural, y propuso formar una plataforma para América y el Caribe. La primera Reunión Subregional Andina en 2007 acordó el Plan de Acción para el Desarrollo Sostenible de las Montañas Andinas.​
Desde entonces, la Iniciativa Andina de Montañas ha consolidado su organización​​ a través de la conformación del Consejo de Países Miembros, la Coordinación Regional pro tempore, la Secretaría Técnica y los Grupos ad hoc, ha apoyado la formación de los Comités Nacionales de Montaña de cada país miembro, ha desarrollado espacios de intercambio con plataformas de montaña en el mundo, y actualmente impulsa la implementación de la Agenda Estratégica sobre Adaptación al Cambio Climático en las Montañas de los Andes​ (formulada en el 2017).
Santuario de fauna y flora Otún Quimbaya

El Santuario de Fauna y Flora Otún Quimbaya se encuentra ubicado en la Cordillera Central en la Región Andina de los Andes en Colombia. Su superficie hace parte del departamento de Risaralda.
El área del Santuario se caracteriza por una vegetación representativa de la selva húmeda andina. La neblina frecuentemente cubre las cimas y laderas del contiguo parque natural Los Nevados; que le otorgan un carácter enigmático y misterioso.
El parque posee una gran diversidad de especies de aves, mariposas y pequeños mamíferos. La topografía es muy variada con laderas donde se puede observar la palma de cera y ríos cristalinos.
Parque nacional de Patvinsuo

El Parque nacional de Patvinsuo (en finlandés: Patvinsuon kansallispuisto) se encuentra en la región de Carelia del Norte, en Finlandia, en los municipios de Lieksa e Ilomantsi. Se estableció en 1982 y tiene una extensión de 105 km². Hay 80 kilómetros de senderos marcados para caminar en el área.​
El parque es un mosaico de ciénagas, bosques secundarios y algunos bosques maduros. Al nordeste del parque se encuentra el lago Suomujärvi, de 5 km de longitud y unos 4 km de anchura, con 24 km de playas de arena y una profundidad máxima de 27 m, alimentado por el río Koitajoki. Al sur, limita el parque el lago Koitere. Entre los animales se pueden ver osos pardos, linces, glotones, castores, cisnes, gansos, etc.​
El bosque primario de Autiovaara se ha desarrollado sin perturbaciones durante más de cien años. Entre los abetos con líquenes Usnea y los viejos pinos, también crecen en la zona grandes álamos temblones. Los árboles viven mucho tiempo, mueren, se caen y finalmente se descomponen. En los árboles viejos y caídos anidan pájaros carpinteros y otras aves como el papamoscas papirrojo, y también crecen los poliporos. Las ciénagas, que cubren más de la mitad del parque, son variadas, hay pantanos abiertos y turberas aapa (zonas elevadas de turba y zonas hundidas alineadas). En su entorno, hay pinos y bosques de píceas, con un sotobosque en el que se encuentra la mora de los pantanos y otras bayas.
En los 27 km de orillas del lago Suomunjärvi hay playas arenosas y zonas poco profundas que favorecen la biodiversidad. Un sendero llamado Suomunkierto rodea el lago. Otro lago en el norte es Iso Hietajärvi, también con un fondo arenoso y aguas transparentes. En ambos lagos está prohibida la pesca.
El emblema de Patvinsuo es el oso pardo, animal nacional de Finlandia. Entre las aves, el lagópodo común, el chorlito dorado común y el zarapito trinador.​
Ifrán

Ifrán (en árabe: إفران‎, en francés: Ifrane) es una ciudad marroquí situada en el Atlas Medio, capital de la provincia del mismo nombre.
Según el censo de 2014 cuenta con una población de 14 659 habitantes.​
Se sitúa en una zona montañosa a 1.713 metros de altitud y posee un clima frío, lo que ha influido en su urbanismo de estilo centroeuropeo. Además, este clima ha hecho de Ifrán un gran destino turístico para las familias marroquíes, que van allí para esquiar y practicar otros deportes de invierno. Es apodada la Suiza marroquí.
Destaca la Mezquita de Mohamed VI.
En Ifrán se encuentra la Universidad Al Akhauayn.
En sus inmediaciones se encuentra el parque nacional de Ifrán, representativo de la biodiversidad del Medio Atlas. Uno de los animales que antiguamente habitaba aquí era el león del Atlas, por lo que ha pasado a ser el emblema de la villa y se le dedica una estatua de piedra en el centro de la misma.
Lake Andes National Wildlife Refuge

Lake Andes National Wildlife Refuge is located in the U.S. state of South Dakota and includes 5,638 acres (22.81 km). The refuge is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and is part of the Lake Andes National Wildlife Refuge Complex. Only 938 acres (3.79 km) is under U.S. Government ownership with the rest being an easement to ensure greater habitat protection.
Lake Andes is a natural lake that is fed by underground springs and about every 20 years, the lake dries up. Two dikes separate the lake into three sections, allowing better water retention during the dry summers. Over one hundred species of birds nest here including Bald eagles, Ring-necked pheasant, Northern pintail and numerous species of ducks and geese.
Various mammal species inhabit the refuge, including White-tailed deer, coyote, and badger, muskrat which are all relatively common.
Lake Andes National Wildlife Refuge Complex

Lake Andes National Wildlife Refuge Complex consists of the Lake Andes National Wildlife Refuge, the Lake Andes Wetland Management District and the Karl E. Mundt National Wildlife Refuge. Altogether, 89,454 acres (362.01 km) of U.S. Government and easement lands are managed by the complex. The complex is headquartered at Lake Andes, South Dakota and is a part of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Cordillera de Mérida

The Cordillera de Mérida is a series of mountain ranges, or massif, in northwestern Venezuela. The Cordillera de Mérida is a northeastern extension of the Andes Mountains and the most important branch of the Venezuelan Andes. The ranges run southwest–northeast between the Venezuelan-Colombian border and the Venezuelan Coastal Ranges. The Táchira depression separates the Cordillera de Mérida from the Cordillera Oriental, which forms the Colombia-Venezuela border.
The ranges run from southwest to northeast and parts lie within each of the following states: Táchira, Mérida, Barinas, Trujillo, Portuguesa and Lara. The southeastern slopes are drained by tributaries of the Orinoco River, while the streams that drain the northwestern slopes empty into Lake Maracaibo. At the northeast tip of the massif lies the town of Barquisimeto and the headwaters of the River Cojedes. In the centre of the massif is the city of Mérida. Two ranges of peaks lie on either side of the city, the Sierra de la Culata to the north and Sierra Nevada de Mérida to the south. Pico Bolívar, at 4,981 meters elevation (16,342 feet), is the highest peak in Venezuela.
Most of the ranges are covered by Venezuelan Andes montane forests, although the highest elevations (above 3,100 meters) are above tree line. These ranges are home to the Cordillera de Mérida páramo, an enclave of the páramo (tropical alpine grasslands) of the northern Andes. Protected areas in the massif include Sierra Nevada National Park and Sierra La Culata National Park.
One glacier, the Humboldt glacier, is located in this mountain range, in which the snowy season is July–August. Snow typically covers the mountains above 4,200 meters, and sometimes above 3,800 meters.
8°40′N 71°00′W﻿ / ﻿8.667°N 71.000°W﻿ / 8.667; -71.000
End of the World Route

The End of the World Route (Spanish: Ruta del Fin del Mundo) is a Chilean touristic scenic route located in the Magallanes and Chilean Antarctic Region, the most southerly region of the country. The term "end of the world" refers to Chile being the southernmost country in the world, which is why Chilean Patagonia, the southernmost natural region of the country and at the same time, the southernmost part of the American continent.
Attractions that include this route are varied, among which the visit to the Torres del Paine National Park, the Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument (Milodon's Cave), the penguin sighting in Magdalena Island, as well as other species of the Chilean wildlife stand out. In a broad sense, the route also includes the Carretera Austral, which begins south of the Los Lagos Region and crosses through the Aysén Region. Additionally, the route includes the passage through the cities of Punta Arenas (regional capital), where cruise ships disembark with tourists throughout the year and has a free economic zone; a tour of Navarino Island by land or by sea, where it is possible to visit the towns and villages of Puerto Williams, Caleta Eugenia and Puerto Toro, the southernmost human settlement in the Americas. As part of this route it is also possible to take a tour of the Patagonian fjords and channels.
Chilean flamingo

The Chilean flamingo (Phoenicopterus chilensis) is a species of large flamingo at a height of 110–130 cm (43–51 in) closely related to the American flamingo and the greater flamingo, with which it was sometimes considered conspecific. The species is listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN.
It breeds in South America from Ecuador and Peru to Chile and Argentina and east to Brazil; it has been introduced into Germany. Like all flamingos, it lays a single chalky-white egg on a mud mound.
These flamingos are mainly restricted to salt lagoons and soda lakes but these areas are vulnerable to habitat loss and water pollution.
The plumage is pinker than the slightly larger greater flamingo, but less so than the Caribbean flamingo. It can be differentiated from these species by its grayish legs with pink joints (tibiotarsal articulation), and also by the larger amount of black on the bill (more than half). Young chicks may have no sign of pink coloring whatsoever, but instead remain gray or peach.
The Chilean flamingo's bill is equipped with comb-like structures that enable it to filter food—mainly algae and plankton—from the water of the coastal mudflats, estuaries, lagoons, and salt lakes where it lives.
Chilean flamingos live in large flocks in the wild and require crowded conditions to stimulate breeding. During breeding season, males and females display a variety of behaviors to attract mates, including head flagging—swiveling their heads from side-to-side in tandem—and wing salutes, where the wings are repeatedly opened and closed. Flamingos in general have a poor record of successful breeding because they will delay reproduction until the environmental conditions are favorable for breeding.
Males and females co-operate in building a pillar-shaped mud nest, and both incubate the egg laid by the female, taking turns to sit on the egg. Upon hatching, the chicks have gray plumage; they do not gain the typical pink adult coloration for 2–3 years. Both male and female flamingos can produce a nutritious fluid from glands in their crop to feed their young. Due to their diet, this crop milk is crimson in color.
The first flamingo hatched in a European zoo was a Chilean flamingo at Zoo Basel (Switzerland) in 1958.
In 1988, a Chilean flamingo that lived in the Tracy Aviary in Salt Lake City, Utah, had mistakenly not received his routine wing clipping. The flamingo escaped, and became a local legend in the greater Salt Lake area known as Pink Floyd the Flamingo. Pink Floyd came to Utah in the winters to eat the brine shrimp that live in the Great Salt Lake, and flew north to Idaho and Montana in the spring and summer. Pink Floyd became a popular tourist attraction and local icon until his disappearance and presumed death after he flew north to Idaho in the spring of 2005 and was never seen again.
Since there is such a decline in the numbers of this species, breeding programs have been implemented in zoos to offset the decline of the wild stock numbers.
Triangulate cobweb spider

The triangulate cobweb spider (scientific name: Steatoda triangulosa; also called the triangulate bud spider) is a common spider in the genus Steatoda. It is well known for the triangle-shaped pattern on the dorsal side of its abdomen.
The adult female triangulate cobweb spider is 3 to 6 mm long (1/8 to 1/4 inch), with a brownish-orange cephalothorax and spindly, yellowish legs, and tiny hairs. The round, bulbous abdomen is creamy in color, with parallel purply-brown zigzag lines running front to back. This distinctive pattern sets it apart from other theridiids in its area.
The triangulate cobweb spider is known to prey on many other types of arthropods, ants (including fire ants), other spiders, pillbugs, and ticks. It preys on several other spiders believed to be harmful to humans, including the brown recluse. Anything it catches in the web it preys upon.
The egg sac of the triangulated cobweb spider is made from loosely woven silk, and is about the same size as the spider itself. Each egg sac contains approximately 30 eggs. They may reproduce via parthenogenesis. Cobweb spiders typically live on windows or in dark areas. They eat for a margin of their day and spend hours developing their web; it does not break if it is woven well. Below or in its web, there may be many dead insects, ranging from stinkbugs to other spiders including Lycosidae, to large Scutigera and even wasps. Of the Steatoda, they are the most voracious and prey-driven despite being one of the smaller species.
The species was first described, as Aranea triangulosa, by Charles Walckenaer in 1802. It was transferred to the genus Steatoda by Tamerlan Thorell in 1873 (although it had been placed in the genus previously under the synonym Steatoda venustissima).
Similar to other members of the family Theridiidae, S. triangulosa constructs a cobweb, i.e. an irregular tangle of sticky silken fibers. As with other web-weavers, these spiders have very poor eyesight and depend mostly on vibrations reaching them through their webs to orient themselves to prey or warn them of larger animals that could injure or kill them. They are not aggressive to humans. There is one known case of human envenomation. It will not kill a person unless an allergic reaction occurs.
S. triangulosa is a cosmopolitan species. It is native to Eurasia, and has been introduced elsewhere including North America, Argentina, the Canary Islands, and South Africa. This species is primarily a house spider, and builds webs in dark corners of buildings and other man-made structures.
Coat of arms of Zimbabwe

The coat of arms of Zimbabwe was adopted on 21 September 1981, one year and five months after the national flag was adopted. Previously the coat of arms of Zimbabwe was identical to the former coat of arms of Rhodesia.
Zimbabwe law describes the coat of arms as follows:
ARMS: Vert, a representation of a portion of the Great Zimbabwe proper; on a chief argent seven palets wavy azure. Behind the shield are placed in saltire an agricultural hoe, blade pointed to dexter, and an A.K. automatic rifle in bend sinister, foresight uppermost, all proper.
CREST: On a wreath or and vert a mullet gules debruised by a representation of the Great Zimbabwe Bird or.
SUPPORTERS: On either side a kudu proper upon an earthen mount adorned with stalks of wheat, a cotton boll and a head of maize, all proper.
MOTTO: Unity—Freedom—Work
The official symbolism of the Zimbabwean coat of arms is as follows:
In 1569, Sebastian of Portugal made a grant of arms to the Mwenemutapa. These were blazoned: Gules between two arrows Argent an African hoe barwise bladed Or handled Argent — The shield surmounted by a Crown Oriental. This was probably the first grant of arms to a native of southern Africa; however it is unlikely that these arms were ever actually used by the Mwenemutapa.
The coat of arms of Rhodesia was used from 1924–1981, for the self-governing British colony of Southern Rhodesia in 1923–1964 and 1979–1980, known simply as Rhodesia from 1964–1979, Zimbabwe–Rhodesia in 1979, and Zimbabwe from 1980.
Official authorisation by Royal Warrant for the coat of arms was granted on 11 August 1924.
The shield features a red lion passant and two thistles, taken from the family arms of Cecil Rhodes, after whom the colony was named, and the Latin motto Sit Nomine Digna (May She Be Worthy of the Name) is a reference to Rhodes. The pick, in gold on a green field, represents mining, the economic mainstay of the colony. Also featured above the shield is the soapstone statuette of the Zimbabwe Bird found in the ruins of Great Zimbabwe.
The shield of the arms was used on the flag of the colony by being placed in the fly of a British Blue Ensign, in the tradition of most other British colonies. This design changed in 1964 when the field of the flag was changed to light blue. In November 1968, the full coat of arms was placed in the centre of a new Rhodesian flag which was a green, white, green triband. After Rhodesia was declared a republic in 1970, the arms also featured on the President's flag.
The arms remained unchanged following the renaming of the country as Zimbabwe Rhodesia in 1979, and were initially used by the government of Zimbabwe from 18 April 1980 to 21 September 1981, following which the present coat of arms of Zimbabwe were introduced.
Marius Eriksen

Marius Eriksen (født 8. desember 1922 i Kristiania, død 6. juli 2009 i Oslo) var en norsk alpinist og jagerflyver.
Han ble norgesmester i slalåm i 1947 og 1948. Han deltok under vinter-OL for Norge i 1948 i St. Moritz med 20.-plass i utfor og 20.-plass i alpin kombinasjon.
I 1954 debuterte Eriksen som filmskuespiller og hadde rollen som skiinstruktør i komedien Troll i ord av Jon Lennart Mjøen og samme år som journalist i Kasserer Jensen av Nils R. Müller. I filmen Slalåm under himmelen (regi: Edith Carlmar 1957) spiller han flyger på F-84 Thunderjet.
Etter krigen drev Eriksen egen sportsforretning og åpnet klesbutikken «Bentestova» i Oslo.
Han var sønn av turneren Marius Eriksen sr., bror av alpinisten Stein Eriksen, svigersønn av Bjart Ording og far til Beate Eriksen. Den såkalte mariusgenseren er oppkalt etter ham.
For sin krigsinnsats ble Eriksen høyt dekorert. Han mottok Norges høyeste utmerkelse, Krigskorset med sverd. Han ble også tildelt St. Olavsmedaljen med ekegren, Krigsmedaljen, Deltagermedaljen og Haakon VIIs 70-årsmedalje. Han fikk i tillegg den britiske utmerkelsen Distinguished Flying Medal, samt den amerikanske Silver Star.
Idrettslaget Heming

Idrettslaget Heming (stiftet 25. januar 1916 som Idrættslaget Heming) er et fleridrettslag med over 5 000 medlemmer fordelt på åtte avdelinger innenfor sommer- og vinteridretter. IL Heming holder til på Slemdal i Bydel Vestre Aker i Oslo.
Blant stifterne var Lars og Henry Gleditsch og Simonsen-guttene. Klubben er mest kjent for sine skigrupper, som inkluderer alpint, freeski, hopp, kombinert og langrenn. I tillegg har klubben også grupper innen fotball, friidrett, orientering og tennis. Tidligere arrangerte klubben Galdhøpiggrennet.
Klubben har eget anlegg på Gråkammen, med hoppbakke, fotballbaner, idrettbane, tennisbane, idretthall og trampolinehall med grop.
Stein Eriksen

Stein Eriksen (1927–2015) var en norsk alpinist. Han vant storslalåm i OL 1952 og tok tre gull i VM i alpint 1954. Han kjørte for Idrettsforeningen Ready i Norge, og ble senere kalt «Mr. Ski» i USA.
Steins far, Marius Eriksen, deltok som turner i Sommer-OL 1912 i Stockholm. Hans bror Marius Eriksen ble norgesmester i slalåm i 1947 og 1948. Hans mor, Bitten Eriksen, var viktig som andre formann i Damenes skiklubb. Han var gift og hadde fire barn.
Kort tid etter karrieren som aktiv dro Eriksen til USA, hvor han siden bodde. Han arbeidet som skiinstruktør og som leder for forskjellige skiskoler. Han var tilknyttet skisenteret Deer Valley i Utah, og drev også Stein Eriksen Lodge.
I sesong 9 av den amerikanske TV-serien Seinfeld ble han nevnt av Elaine Benes i episode 168. Elaines kjæreste, Puddy, stilte med en diger pelsjakke, og Elaine beskrivelse var at han «gikk rundt som om han var Stein Eriksen».
Bitten Eriksen

Birgit «Bitten» Eriksen (født 13. januar 1900, død 14. januar 1996) var en norsk designer av strikkemønstre.
Hun designet en rekke strikkemønstre fra slutten av 1920-tallet. Hun fikk jobb som mønsterdesigner for Dale Garn og Trikotasje. Hun strikket gensere basert på setesdalsmønster der hun utelot lusene. Hun strikket den første genseren til sønnen Marius ble påbegynt i 1943 og gitt sønnen da han i 1945 kom hjem som krigshelt. Unn Søyland Dalen samarbeidet med Eriksens sportsforretning og laget en variant av Bittens mønster som Sandnes Uldvarefabrikk ga ut - genseren ble kjent gjennom filmen Troll i ord der sønnen Marius medvirket. Til OL i Cortina i 1956 designet Bitten Eriksen «Cortina» (offisiell OL-genser i 1956), senere «Espen» og «Istapp» og deretter «Cortina II», som ble solgt som strikkeoppskrift til Dale Garn og Trikotasje ifølge Annemor Sundbøs bok Kvardagsstrikk.
Eriksens mønster «Cortina II» (modell nr 307) ble fra 1960 solgt som ferdig håndstrikket genser, kalt Marius-sweater, blant annet fra hennes egen forretning i Oslo, ifølge artikkel i D2 i 2008. Hun var gift med Marius Eriksen senior, mor til Marius og Stein Eriksen, og farmor til Beate Eriksen. Ni av Dales ti besteselgere fra 1960-katalogen var laget av Bitten Eriksen.
Bitten Eriksen var selv skiløper, og på en tid da kvinner normalt ikke konkurrerte, var hun initiativtager til oppstarten av Damenes skiklubb i 1931 sammen med Halldis Neegård Østbye.
Spellemannprisen 2012

Spellemannprisen 2012 var den førtiførste utgaven av Spellemannprisen og ble delt ut i Stavanger konserthus lørdag 23. mars 2013. Utdelingen ble ledet av Anne Lindmo og overført direkte på NRK1.
Kaizers Orchestra ble kåret til Årets spellemann og vant dessuten klassen for årets musikkvideo mens hedersprisen gikk til jazzsanger Karin Krog. Leif Ove Andsnes vant klassen klassisk, og ble dermed den første artisten som har vunnet ti spellemannpriser.
Foran utdelingen fjernet Spellemannkomiteen de to kjønnsbestemte klassene beste mannlige og beste kvinnelige artist for å rendyrke sjangerkategoriene. Senere ble også klassen hip hop/rap fjernet fra denne utdelingen på grunn av for få påmeldte bidrag.
Det var første gang utdelingen ble arrangert i Stavanger og Spellemann har inngått avtale om å ha ytterlige to utdelinger i Stavanger Konserthus med opsjon til å forlenge. Foran utdelingen ble det også arrangert Spellemanndager i byen med konserter og bransjeseminar.
De nominerte ble offentliggjort 12. februar. Det ble på forhånd ikke offentliggjort noen nominerte i klassene Årets spellemann eller hedersprisen.
Barneplate:
Blues:
Country:
Danseband:
Elektronisk musikk:
Folkemusikk/tradisjonsmusikk
Jazz:
Klassisk:
Metal:
Pop:
Rock:
Samtidsmusikk:
Vise:
Åpen klasse:
Tekstforfatter:
Komponist:
Årets musikkvideo:
Årets nykommer:
Årets hit:
Annichen Sibbern Bøhn

Annichen Sibbern Bøhn (født 1905, død 1978) var en norsk strikkemønstersamler, designer og forfatter. Hun er mest kjent for sin innsamling av norske strikkemønstre, som i 1929 førte til utgivelsen av boken Norske strikkemønstre.
Hun jobbet ved Norsk folkemuseum da hun startet innsamlingen av mønstrene, og hennes samling av strikkemønstre la grunnlaget for det mangfoldet av strikkemønstre som er kjent i Norge i dag. Mønstrene hun samlet inn og som for først gang ble gjort tilgjengelig for offentligheten i Norske strikkemønstre var blant annet setesdalskofta og selbuvotten.
Kari Dyrdal

Kari Dyrdal (1952–) er en norsk tekstilkunstner.
Hun er utdannet i tekstil fra Bergens Kunsthåndverksskole (1974–1977), og i tekstil fra Croydon College of Art and Technology i London (1978).
I 2011 mottok hun Kunsthåndverkprisen under Norske Kunsthåndverkeres årsutstilling.
Hun er innkjøpt av blant annet Nasjonalmuseet, Museum of Fine Art Boston, Museum of Art i Riga, Telenors Kunstsamling, KODE, Nordenfjeldske Kunstindustrimuseum, Sørlandets Kunstmuseum, Norsk Trikotasjemuseum (dagens Tekstilindustrimuseet) og Norsk Kulturråd.
Hun har vært professor i fagområdet tekstil ved Kunst, Musikk og Design (KMD), Universitetet i Bergen (UiB), frem til 2020.
Liv Mildrid Gjernes

Liv Mildrid Gjernes (født 1954) er en norsk kunstner. Hun har vært bosatt og har atelier og verksted i Eidsfoss i Vestfold fra 1991.
Hun har en mastergrad i møbeldesign fra Kunsthøgskolen i Bergen og mer enn 50 offentlige innkjøp og oppdrag. Hun har også master i Formgiving, kunst og håndverk fra Høgskolen i Telemark. Gjernes har vært ansatt som førsteamanuensis ved Høgskolen i Nesna, Nordland (2013-2016). Fra 2016 ansatt som førsteamanuensis ved Høgskulen på Vestlandet, avdeling Bergen, og fra 2018 som professor.
Sammen med Lillian Dahle og Elisabeth Engen dannet hun i 1983 frisnekkergruppen Gullregn i Bergen og fremsto som fornyer i norsk trekunst. I en europeisk tradisjon kan deres arbeid sees under begrepet kritisk design som oppsto på sent 1960-tall.
De senere år har arbeidet hennes vært fokusert mot begrepsliggjøring av det steds- og meningstap som har fulgt med etterkrigstidens utflagging av analoge, materialbaserte kulturelle ytringer fra de vestlige land.
Den største offentlige samling av hennes arbeider finnes i Kunstmuseene i Bergen.
Marius

Marius er et mannsnavn og et romersk slektsnavn. Generalen Gaius Marius var en av de som het det til etternavn. Mannsnavnet Marius har opphav i det romerske slektsnavnet, men kan også være en maskulin form av kvinnenavnet Maria.
Tabellen nedenfor gir en detaljert oversikt over populariteten til mannsnavnet Marius og varianter av dette i noen av de landene hvor statistikk er tilgjengelig.
Marius var blant de mest populære navnene på guttebarn født i perioden ca. 1980–2005.
Personene i listen er ordnet kronologisk etter fødselsår.
Lykkeland (TV-serie fra 2018)

Lykkeland er en norsk dramaserie som startet på NRK1 i 2018. Serien handler om tiden da Norge går inn i oljealderen og følger noen familier og personer i Stavanger som opplever store omveltninger når byen går fra å være et pietistisk lokalsamfunn med fiskeri, sjøfart og jordbruk som hovednæringer, til å bli en internasjonal, rik oljeby. Andre sesong hadde premiere 2. januar 2022 og tar for seg dramatiske hendelser i 1970- og 1980-årene. Sesong 2 ga inspirasjon til en likestilling-kampanje på sosiale medier. Høsten 2022 ble det bekreftet at det skulle lages en tredje sesong av serien.
Serien vant to priser under den nystartede Seriefestivalen i Cannes i 2018. Første sesong av serien vant fem priser under Gullruten 2019: beste dramaserie, beste skuespiller (Anne Regine Ellingsæter), beste regi TV-drama (Petter Næss og Pål Jackman), beste manus i TV-drama (Mette Marit Bølstad) og beste kostyme (Karen Fabritius Gram). Under utdelingen av Gullruten 2022 vant andre sesong av serien fem priser, blant dem beste birolle ved Pia Tjelta og beste regi TV-drama ved Petter Næss.
Marius Eriksen

Emil Marius Eriksen (9 December 1886 – 14 September 1950) was a Norwegian gymnast who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born in Barbu, Norway and died in Oslo. He was the father of Marius Eriksen, Jr. and Stein Eriksen and the grandfather of actress/ film director Beate Eriksen. Eriksen was part of the Norwegian gymnastics team, which won the bronze medal in the gymnastics men's team, Swedish system event.
Marius Eriksen Jr.

Marius Eriksen (8 December 1922 – 6 July 2009) was a Norwegian skier, fighter pilot, model and actor.
Eriksen was born on 8 September 1922 in Kristiania (now Oslo) in Norway. His father, also called Marius Eriksen, was a gymnast who competed for Norway at the 1912 Summer Olympics. His mother was Birgit Eriksen. During his early years, Eriksen (junior) gained some success at slalom skiing and ski jumping. Eriksen's younger brother, Stein Eriksen, went on to win an Olympic gold medal in skiing.
Following the outbreak of World War II, Eriksen fled Norway, leaving on 5 November 1940 via Ålesund. After arriving in Scotland, he made his way to Canada, where he underwent flying training at Little Norway, the Norwegian Army Air Service flight training school.
On his return to the United Kingdom, Eriksen served with No. 331 (Norwegian) Squadron RAF and then No. 332 (Norwegian) Squadron RAF as a fighter pilot flying Spitfires. He achieved nine kills, making him one of Norway's aces, before he was shot down off the coast of the Netherlands attempting a head-on attack against a Focke-Wulf Fw 190. Eriksen survived and after being captured on 2 May 1943, he was held as a prisoner of war at Stalag Luft III in Poland until 1945. He began his service with the RAF as a Sergeant, but was later commissioned as a Second Lieutenant. In recognition of his wartime service, Eriksen was awarded the War Cross with Sword, St. Olav's Medal With Oak Branch, Haakon VIIs 70th Anniversary Medal, the Norwegian War Medal, the Norwegian Defence Medal, the British Distinguished Flying Medal, and the American Silver Star.
After the war, Eriksen became the Norwegian champion in alpine skiing in both 1947 and 1948. He also competed in two events at the 1948 Winter Olympics.
In 1953, his mother, who was a keen knitter, designed a variation of the Setesdal traditions in Norway. sweater. Another variation of Setesdals patterns, designed by Unn Søiland, later became Norway's most popular knitting pattern, known as The Marius pattern, the pattern that Marius Eriksen is wearing in the film Troll i ord. The picture of Marius Eriksen from the film was later used as the front cover of the knitting pattern that later became the most popular knitting pattern in Norway.
After the war, Eriksen pursued a film career in the 1950s. He appeared in two films in 1954, debuting in Troll i ord (Watch What You Say) before going on to Kasserer Jensen (a comedy in which he was a journalist with the Norwegian daily Dagbladet). In 1957 he starred as Lieutenant Colonel Eriksen in Slalåm under himmelen (Slalom beneath the Sky), a war film.
Eriksen's autobiography Marius: skiløper - jageress - krigsfange (Marius: skier - fighter ace - prisoner of war) was published in Norway in 2002.
He had five children with Bente Ording Eriksen, including Beate Eriksen (born 1960), who became an actress and film director.
Stein Eriksen

Stein Eriksen (11 December 1927 – 27 December 2015) was an alpine ski racer and Olympic gold medalist from Norway. Following his racing career, he was a ski school director and ambassador at various resorts in the United States.
Eriksen was born 11 December 1927, in Oslo. His parents were Marius Eriksen (1886–1950) and Birgit Heien (1900–1996). Marius Eriksen competed in the 1912 Olympic Games as a gymnast. His brother, Marius Eriksen, Jr. (1922–2009), was an alpine skier and during World War II became a fighter ace in the Royal Norwegian Air Force. Stein Eriksen was the top slalom racer in Norway in 1949 and took bronze in the slalom at the 1950 World Championships in Aspen, Colorado.
Eriksen won the gold medal in the giant slalom at the 1952 Winter Olympics, which was held in Oslo, Norway. He also won a silver medal in the slalom. Eriksen was the first male alpine ski racer from outside the Alps to win an Olympic gold medal. He also won three gold medals at the 1954 World Championships in Åre, Sweden.
Other accomplishments included being credited with devising "aerials", a freestyle skiing event, and helping revolutionize the world of alpine skiing in the United States, where he served as a ski instructor at many different ski schools. At Sugarbush Resort in Vermont, each Sunday afternoon, combining his gymnastics background and his skiing, Stein would demonstrate a flip on skis. For his Olympic medals, Eriksen earned the Holmenkollen Medal in 1952.
It is said that Eriksen was skiing's "first superstar", since he was handsome, stylish and charismatic. Despite his fame, he maintained a very down-to-Earth personality. For example, he is quoted as saying, "Be tough, be confident. But you will never be a whole and happy person if you aren't humble".
Shortly after his success in the 1952 Olympics, Eriksen moved to the United States where he lived until his death. While ski racing for Norway, he was a ski instructor at Sun Valley in Idaho. Following his racing career, he was the ski school director at various resorts, such as Boyne Mountain and Pine Knob, both in Michigan, Sugarbush in Vermont, Heavenly Valley in California, Snowmass and Aspen in Colorado, and Park City in Utah. At the time of his death he was the director of skiing at the Deer Valley Resort in Utah, and also served as host of the Stein Eriksen Lodge, a ski lodge in Deer Valley (not owned by Eriksen, but named in his honor). Eriksen was married to Gerrysue Eriksen then to Françoise and had five children: Julianna Eriksen, Ava, Stein Jr., Anja and Bjørn. He called both Utah and Montana home.
In 1997, Eriksen was honored by the King of Norway. He was knighted with the Royal Norwegian Order of Merit for his contribution to Norway, the highest honor that the Norwegian government can give to people living outside Norway.
Eriksen celebrated his 80th birthday December 2007 in Deer Valley. He died on 27 December 2015, sixteen days after his 88th birthday, in his Park City, Utah home.
From 1948 through 1980, the Winter Olympics were also the World Championships for alpine skiing.
Beate Eriksen

Beate Marie Eriksen (born 19 October 1960) is a Norwegian actress and director. Eriksen has acted at several Norwegian theatres and is known for her role in the soap opera Hotel Cæsar.
She is the granddaughter of Olympic gymnast Marius Eriksen and the daughter of World War II flying ace Marius Eriksen, Jr. She is also the niece of alpine skier Stein Eriksen and was married to actor Toralv Maurstad.
Eriksen's father was Marius Eriksen, Jr., a fighter ace during World War II. After the war, Marius Eriksen became Norwegian slalom champion twice, in 1947 and 1948. His father Marius Eriksen, Sr. was a gymnast who won a bronze medal in the 1912 Summer Olympics. Marius Eriksen, Sr. was married to Birgit "Bitten" Eriksen, a pioneer in the Norwegian women's ski movement and an innovator in knitting design. Marius and Bitten's younger son Stein Eriksen was also an accomplished athlete who won a gold medal in giant slalom and a silver for slalom in the 1952 Winter Olympics.
Eriksen graduated from the Norwegian National Academy of Theatre in 1985. After graduating she worked for five years at Oslo Nye Teater and four years at Riksteatret. Since then she has done freelance work for Nationaltheatret (the National Theatre), The Norwegian Opera, the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation and other establishments. She has also acted in movie and television roles, most prominently in the soap opera Hotel Cæsar. In 2000 she started working as director of the series, the first cast member ever to take on that role. She has directed 100 episodes of the show and 24 episodes of the children's television series Olsenbandens første kupp. Eriksen teaches drama at the Bærum Waldorf School and is the head of its theatre department.
Eriksen married actor Toralv Maurstad on New Year's Eve 1999, on a beach in Måløy, Norway. She was 39 and he was 73. In 2001 Eriksen's application for adopting a child was rejected because Maurstad was considered too old. Norwegian adoption rules, under most circumstances, require the age of the adoptive parents to be between 25 and 45, but Maurstad was 74.
Troll i ord

Troll i ord (Watch What You Say) is a Norwegian comedy film from 1954. The film was directed by Jon Lennart Mjøen and Olav Engebretsen.
The action in the film takes place at a hotel in the high mountains just before Easter. The main roles are played by the Norwegian actors Henki Kolstad, Inger Marie Andersen, and Guri Stormoen and the Danish actors Ib Schønberg and Jytte Ibsen. The alpinist Marius Eriksen Jr. plays a ski trainer, and the Marius sweater was featured in the film. Troll i ord also contains several song numbers, including the hit "Vinter i eventyrland" (Winter in Wonderland) with The Monn Keys. The outdoor scenes were filmed at Skeikampen in the municipality of Gausdal.
Sainte-Justine, Quebec

Sainte-Justine (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t ʒystin]) is a municipality in the Les Etchemins Regional County Municipality in Quebec, Canada. It is part of the Chaudière-Appalaches region and the population is 1,835 as of 2009. It is named after Marie-Justine Têtu, wife to Hector-Louis Langevin, member of Parliament for Dorchester.
It is home to a regional secondary school, Polyvalente des Appalaches.
The famous Canadian short story The Hockey Sweater takes place in Sainte-Justine, the hometown of the author, Roch Carrier.
Sorana (singer)

Sorana Paula Păcurar, known professionally as Sorana Păcurar or Sorana, is a Romanian singer and songwriter. Upon taking part in X Factor Romania, acting in the Romanian soap opera O nouă viață (A New Life) and being part of the Romanian group Lala Band, Sorana released her first single "Povești" ("Stories") in 2015 under Marius Moga's label DeMoga Music. She then left her native country to further pursue a musical career and relocated to London and then Los Angeles. Her portfolio as a songwriter includes the commercially successful songs "Takeaway" (2019) by the Chainsmokers, Illenium and Lennon Stella, "OMG What's Happening" (2020) by Ava Max, and "Heartbreak Anthem" (2021) by Galantis, David Guetta and Little Mix. Furthermore, Sorana has also collaborated with artists such as Alan Walker on "Lost Control" (2018). In 2022, she released her debut single under Atlantic Records, "Redrum" with David Guetta.
List of Scandinavian textile artists

This is a list of textile artists who were born in Scandinavia (including Finland), or whose artworks are closely associated with that region.
The countries of Scandinavia have a long history of textile art, especially Sweden and Denmark. For centuries, country women created their own fabrics with designs which were often inspired by nature. By the early 20th century, artists became famous for their pile rugs while after the Second World War brightly coloured Scandinavian textile designs became popular across Europe and in the United States.
Oleana (clothing)

Oleana is a textile manufacturing company located in Arna, Norway, a borough of Bergen. It is known for its manufacture of knitted clothing and blankets designed by Solveig Hisdal.
Oleana was founded in 1992 by Signe Aarhus, Hildegunn Møster, and Kolbjørn Valestrand. Textile production was moving out of Norway and the unemployment rate was high. They had been working for Dale of Norway and felt that a smaller company with a flat rather than hierarchical structure could be efficient enough to succeed while manufacturing in Norway. They named the company after the musician Ole Bull's utopian settlement of Oleana in New Norway, Pennsylvania. In the age of Norwegian nationalism Ole Bull had collected Norwegian folk music and brought it into the best concert halls. In the same spirit they wished to preserve and develop the Norwegian knitting tradition. They hired designer Solveig Hisdahl after seeing her exhibit in Oslo, "Wedding Jackets from a Town Girl", inspired by Norwegian folk costumes.
Aarhus, Møster, and Valestrand started out by raising funds for good used knitting machines. They opened a factory near Bergen in space rented from another knitwear manufacturer. The Bergen area has a tradition of textile mills and continues to have commercial wool spinners. In 1996 Oleana received a grant from the Norwegian Industrial Development Fund for newly established industries. In 2003 Aarhus was named Norway`s "Business Woman of the Year".
In 2012 the factory moved into the old Arne Fabrikker mill in Arna. That company built the first textile mill in western Norway in 1856, and operated there until 1978. Clothing and blankets are produced on up-to-date industrial knitting and linking machines and finished by hand. The textiles are exported to other countries in Europe and to North America, Australia, and New Zealand. They are sold in upscale shops around the world.
In 2018, with designer Hisdahl considering retirement, the company hired Mathilda Nordberg to work with her. Nordberg is a graduate of London's Royal College of Art.
In 1993 Oleana was awarded the Norwegian Design Council's "Award for Design Excellence" in textile and clothing design. The company received the award again in 1997, 1999, 2001 (twice) and 2002. In 2000 Hisdahl was awarded the Jacob Prize by Norsk Form, the Foundation for Design and Architecture in Norway, for her work in clothing design.
In the fall of 2001 the Nordic Heritage Museum in Seattle, Washington, presented an exhibit on the work of Solveig Hisdal and Oleana. The Goldstein Museum of Design in St. Paul, Minnesota, exhibited Hisdal's work in the winter of 2004.