davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
By The Tree

By The Tree ni kundi la muziki wa Kikristo la kisasa lililoshinda tuzo ya Dove mara mbili.
By The Tree ilianzishwa katika Weatherford, Texas katika mwaka wa 1997 na Chuck Dennie na Bala Boyd.
Kama makundi mengi ya muziki, By The Tree walipata kuanza kazi yao kwa kuimba katika matukio madogomadogo - hasa katika makanisa - kote kusini na kusini magharibi wa Marekani. Kusafiri kwao na kufanya ziara mbalimbali kulikuza umati za mashabiki.
Katika mwaka wa 1999,walitoa albamu mbili za kujitegemea(bila kuwa na udhamini wa studio yoyote) ,wakarekodi wenyewe na wakaziuza katika matamasha yao na matukio waliohudhuria. Ilipofika mwaka wa 2001, 30,000 za albamu hizi zilikuwa zimeuzwa.Hii ilileta faida kubwa zaidi ya hela walizotumia kurekodi nyimbo hizo.Aidha ya hayo, iliwafanya wajulikane katika sekta ya nyimbo za Kikristo.
Hatimaye,bendi ilitia saini mkataba na Fervent Records, sehemu ya kampuni ya muziki ya BMG.. Albamu yao ya kwanza iliyorekodiwa ya kitaifa ilikuwa Invade My Soul. Albamu hii ilikuwa katika chati ya nyimbo bora 40 ya Billboard katika sehemu za nyimbo za kisasa na vile vile sehemu ya huru au kujitegemea. Albamu hii ilishinda tuzo mbili za Dove.Albamu yenyewe ikishinda tuzo ya Albamu Bora katika aina ya muziki ya Rock/Alternative na wimbo wa albamu ukishinda tuzo ya Nyimbo Bora Uliorekodiwa.
Bendi hili limebadilika mara kadhaa tangu kutia saini mkataba na Fervent huku wanachama wengine wakiongezeka na wengine kutolewa. Mwimbaji na mchezaji gitaa ,Aaron Blanton aliungana na kundi hilo kabla ya kurekodi kwa Invade My Soul na Samuel McKern(mchezaji ngoma) akiondoka. Chuck Dennie alikuwa mwimbaji kiongozi na mchezaji gitaa hadi mwaka wa 2005. Ben Davis alijiunga nao katika mwaka wa 2002 kwa ajili ya kurekodi These Days. Mwanachama wa hapo awali wakianza,Kevin Rhoads,aliondoka muda mfupi kabla ya kutolewa kwa These Days na nafasi yake kuchukuliwa na Charlie Goddard (aliyeondoka bendi katika mwaka wa 2003 kuungana na bendi la Jeff Deyo).
By The Tree imetoa albamu nne likiwa na Fervent Records na wao ni kundi maarufu katika muziki ya Kikristo ya kisasa.
Chuck Dennie sasa anaishi Edmond,OK na mke wake Joanne na ni mfanyikazi katika kanisa lenye kampasi mbalimbali linalojulikana kama LifeChurch.tv kama mchungaji wa kuabudu katika kampasi ya Kaskazini Magharibi wa OKC.
Pimbi

Pimbi, kwanga, perere au wibari ni wanyama wadogo wa familia Procaviidae. Jina la kwanga litumika kwa jenasi Heterohyrax na perere na wibari yatumika kwa jenasi Dendrohyrax. Wanatokea Afrika kusini kwa Sahara na Mashariki ya Kati, mara nyingi katika maeneo makavu na yenye miamba mingi. Spishi zote ni nene zenye mkia mfupi na manyoya mazito. Miguu yao ina vitakia vyenye ngozi nene na tezi nyingi za jasho ambavyo vinawasaidia kupanda miamba na miti. Rangi yao ni kijivu, kahawia au hudhurungi. Hula majani ya manyasi, ya mimea na ya miti.
Ili kupata maelezo kuhusu masanduku ya uanapwa ya spishi angalia: Wikipedia:WikiProject Mammals/Article templates/doc.
Nyoka-miti

Nyoka-miti ni nyoka wa jenasi Dipsadoboa katika familia Colubridae. Amepewa jina hili kwa sababu hukaa mitini takriban masaa yote.
Nyoka hawa ni warefu kiasi, m 1.4 kwa kipeo lakini sm 60-90 kwa kawaida. Rangi yao ni kijani au kahawia. Spishi kahawia zina kilingo kama marumaru. Rangi hizi zinaweza kuchukuliwa kama rangi za kamafleji.
Kama jina lao linadokeza huishi mitini ambapo hukamata vyura, mijusi-kafiri na vinyonga.
Chonge ni meno ya nyuma lakini sumu yao haina hatari kwa watu.
Mgunga

Migunga ni miti ya jenasi Vachellia katika familia Fabaceae yenye miiba mirefu kiasi na majani yenye sehemu nyingi. Zamani spishi hizi ziliainishwa katika jenasi Acacia lakini wanasayansi wamegawanya jenasi hii kwenye jenasi tano: Acacia, Vachellia, Senegalia, Acaciella na Mariosousa. Spishi za Vachellia zina miiba miwili mirefu na nyofu kwenye kila kifundo. Miti hii inatokea maeneo kavu ya Afrika, Amerika, Asia, Australia na Ulaya (imewasilishwa).
Mti

Mti ni mmea mkubwa wa kudumu wenye shina la ubao.
Miti huishi miaka mingi; miti yenye umri mkubwa imejulikana kuwepo kwa miaka 4,800 huko Kalifornia. Kuna dalili za mti mmoja uliopimwa huko Uswidi kuwa na miaka zaidi ya 9,000.
Kwa jumla ugumu wa ubao na uzito wake hutegemea namna ya kukua kwa mti. Miti inayokua polepole huwa na ubao mgumu na mzito zaidi; miti inayokua harakaharaka huwa na ubao mwepesi na laini.
Ufafanuzi wa kimataifa ni hivi:
"mti ni mmea wa ubao, kwa kawaida wenye shina moja tu, unakua hadi kimo cha angalau mita mbili. Kama kuna mashina mengi, moja lifikie unene wa sentimita tano kwa kina cha kifuani cha mtu".
Kwa kawaida mti huwa na
Unene na urefu wa shina unatofautisha mti na mimea mingine kama vichaka ambavyo vina shina ya ubao pia. Shina linainua majani ya mti kufikia kimo cha juu ya mimea mingine penye nuru ambayo ni chanzo cha lishe ya mti kwa njia ya usanisinuru. Ndani ya shina kuna seli zinazofanya kazi ya bomba na kufikisha maji hadi kilele cha matawi. Katikati ya shina ubao unakufa ni kama mfupa wa shina na kuongeza uimara wake. Gnada la nje huwa na seli zinazoendelea kujigawa na kuongeza unene.
Mti ukikatwa shina huonyesha mara nyingi duara au miviringo ambazo ni alama ya hatua za ukuaji wa mti. Kuonekana kwa duara hizi kunategemea mazingira ya mti; nje ya kanda ya tropiki kuna majira yanayosababisha vipindi vya kukua na vipindi vya kukaa kwa mti na hivyo duara mpya inajitokeza kila mwaka. Kwa hiyo mti wa aina hii unaruhusu kuona umri wake kwa kuhesabu tu idadi ya duara za shingoni.
Shina refu na zito linahitaji mizizi inayolingana. Mizizi huwa hasa na kazi mbili:
Miti inakuza mzizi kulingana na tabia za udongo. Penye udongo laini sana kama mchanga mti unahitaji mizizi pana inayoshikana udongo katika mazingira yake. Miti mingine inakuza hasa mzizi kama boriti.
Matawi ni alama ya mti lakini kuna pia aina kadhaa zisizo na matawi; kwa mfano familia ya Arecaceae yenye miti kama mnazi, mchikichi au mtende hukuza majani makubwa moja kwa moja kutoka shina.
Majani yana kazi muhimu kwa mti si mapambo tu. Kuna hasa shughuli mbili
Mwaka 2017 idadi ya spishi za miti zilizojulikana ilikuwa 60,065. Karibu nusu ya spishi hizo ni sehemu ya familia 10 za kibiolojia na asilimia 58 za spishi zinapatikana katika nchi moja tu.
Miti ni muhimu sana kwa ekolojia ya dunia kwa sababu
Jefferson Davis

Jefferson Finis Davis (Fairview, Kentucky, 3 Juni 1808 - New Orleans, Louisiana, 6 Desemba 1889) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Marekani. Wakati wa Vita ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe ya Marekani alikuwa rais wa Shirikisho la Madola ya Marekani.
Kabla ya vita aliwahi kuwa afisa katika jeshi la Marekani alipofikia cheo cha kanali baada ya vita dhidi ya Meksiko. Alimiliki shamba kubwa la pamba huko Missisippi lililolimwa na watumwa 113.
Alijiunga na siasa na kabla ya vita alikuwa mwakilishi wa Jimbo la Missisippi katika senati ya Marekani.
Tarehe 18 Februari 1861 alichaguliwa na bunge la wawakilishi wa majimbo ya kusini yaliyojitenga na Muungano wa Marekani kuwa rais wa dola jipya la Shirikisho la Madola la Marekani. Aliluwa mkuu wa jeshi la madola ya kusini. Kwenye mwisho wa vita alikamatwa na jeshi la kaskazini akafungwa jela miaka miwili akashtakiwa kuwa msaliti.
Hakuhukumiwa akaachwa na kunyanganywa haki za kiraia. Akasafiri hadi Ulaya alipokaa hata msamaha ulipotangazwa kwa waasi wote dhidi ya Muungano wa Marekani.
Mwaka 1868 alirudi Marekani akaishi kama mfanyabiashara ambaye hakuweza kufaulu; miaka yake ya mwisho alikaa katika shamba la mjane tajiri aliyemwalika na kumpa makazi akimheshimu kama rais wa zamani.
George Byron

George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron (22 Januari 1788 – 19 Aprili 1824) alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi mashuhuri nchini Uingereza. Mara nyingi anatajwa kwa cheo chake cha kikabaila kama Lord Byron.
Alikuwa mrithi wa mali kubwa hivyo aliweza kuendesha maisha kufuatana na mapenzi yake tu. Alikuwa maarufu kwa wapenzi wake wengi. Pamoja na kuandika alisafiri mahali pengi katika nchi za Bahari ya Mediteranea.
Tangu 1816 alihamia Italia alipojiingiza katika kundo la kisiasa lililolenga kuanzisha mapinduzi dhidi ya utawala wa Austria katika Italia ya Kaskazini. Aliamriwa kukaa katika mji wa Pisa bila kibali cha kutoka nje akatumia muda kwa mashairi.
1823 alipokea wito kutoka Ugiriki akawa kiongozi wa jeshi la Wagiriki waliopigania vita ya Uhuru dhidi ya Waturuki Waosmani. Hapa alikufa 1824 baada ya kungonjeka. Wagiriki wanamkumbuka hadi leo kama msaidizi wa uhuru wao.
Margaret Clitherow

Margaret Clitherow (1556 – 25 Machi 1586) alikuwa mwanamke Mwingereza ambaye, kwa ruhusa ya mume wake, alibadilisha imani yake ya dini kutoka Ushirika wa Anglikana kuingia Kanisa Katoliki.
Kwa vile aliwaficha mapadri nyumbani mwake na kuhudhuria misa ya Kikatoliki, alifungwa mara kadhaa katika dhuluma ya malkia Elizabeti I, akashtakiwa mahakamani lakini alikataa kujitetea ili asisababishe mahakimu wafanye dhambi ya kumpa adhabu ya kifo, hivyo akauawa kwa kubondwa mwili mzima na jiwe kubwa.
Mwaka 1970 alitangazwa na Papa Paulo VI kuwa mtakatifu mfiadini.
Sikukuu yake ni tarehe 25 Machi.
Walinzi Wa Wanyamapori

Defenders of Wildlife (Watetezi wa Wanyamapori) ni shirika lisilo la faida 501(c)(3) la uhifadhi lenye makao yake nchini Marekani. Inafanya kazi kulinda wanyama na mimea asilia kote Amerika Kaskazini katika jumuiya zao za asili.
Watetezi wa Wanyamapori ni shirika la kitaifa la uhifadhi ambalo linafanya kazi ya kuhifadhi wanyamapori, kulinda makazi ya wanyamapori. Ilianzishwa mwaka wa 1947, Defenders of Wildlife awali iliitwa Defenders of Fur Bearers, na ilifanya kazi ya kuhifadhi wanyama pori. Ingawa kazi yake imepanuka na kujumuisha makazi ya wanyamapori , kuwalinda wanyama pori—hasa wanyama wanaokula nyama wakubwa—limesalia kuwa lengo kuu.
Ziwa Jipe

Ziwa Jipe ni moja kati ya maziwa ya Tanzania na ya Kenya.
Linategemea zaidi maji ya mto Lumi unaotiririka kutoka mlima Kilimanjaro.
3°27′0″S 37°43′48″E﻿ / ﻿3.45000°S 37.73000°E﻿ / -3.45000; 37.73000
Mkoa wa Artvin

Artvin ni jina la kutaja mkoa uliopo nchini Uturuki, katika pwani ya Bahari Nyeusi kwa upande wa kaskazini-mashariki mwa kona ya nchi, kwenye mpaka wa nchi ya Georgia.
Mji mkuu wake ni Artvin.
Mkoa wa Artvin umegawanyika katika wilaya 8 (mji mkuu umekoozeshwa):
Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Mlima Kenya

Mbuga ya Taifa ya Mlima Kenya 0°07′26″S 37°20′12″E﻿ / ﻿0.12389°S 37.33667°E﻿ / -0.12389; 37.33667, iliyoanzisha mwaka wa 1949, hulinda kanda inayozunguka Mlima Kenya. Awali ilikuwa ni hifadhi ya misitu kabla ya kutangazwa kama mbuga ya kitaifa. Hivi sasa ni mbuga ya taifa ndani ya hifadhi ya misitu ambayo imeizunguka.Mnamo Aprili mwaka wa 1978 eneo hilo lilifanywa hifadhi ya Biosphere ya UNESCO. Mbuga ya taifa na hifadhi ya misitu ziliunganishwa zikawa katika orodha ya Urithi wa Dunia wa UNESCO mwaka wa 1997.
Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Bonde la Kidepo

Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Bonde la Kidepo, Ina eneo la kilomita za mraba 1,442, ni mbuga ya wanyama katika eneo la Karamoja kaskazini mashariki mwa Uganda .
Sehemu kubwa ya hifadhi ni savanna ya miti ya wazi. Katika bonde la Kidepo idadi ya mimea na wanyama inatofautiana kati ya mabonde hayo mawili.
Vijito katika Bonde la Kidepo vina mitende. Maeneo ya juu yana vichaka vya miiba ya mshita .
Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Marahoué

Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Marahoué ni mbuga ya taifa nchini Ivory Coast . Ilianzishwa mnamo 1968, na ina ukubwa wa eneo la kilomita za mraba 1,010 .
Hata hivyo, imepoteza karibu msitu wake wote katika miongo miwili ya kwanza ya karne ya 21. Kwa miaka mingi, mbuga hiyo imeharibiwa na kukaliwa na watu na haitoi tena makao yanayofaa kwa sokwe au wanyama wengine wengi wakubwa.
Hifadhi hii ilianzishwa mwaka 1968, ikiwa imewahi kuwa hifadhi ya wanyamapori, na ina ukubwa wa eneo la kilomita za mraba 1,010 . Ilikuwa na anuwai kubwa ya makazi ikiwa ni pamoja na 60% ya msitu mnene, 15% ya msitu wa upili, 5% ya msitu wa nyumba ya sanaa na 17% ya savanna zilizotawanywa na sehemu za misitu.
Kufikia 1975, karibu 3% ya eneo hilo lilikuwa limechukuliwa na mashamba ya kakao. Katika miongo michache kumekuwa na ukataji miti haramu na kukaa ndani ya mipaka ya mbuga, na ubadilishaji wa msitu kuwa ardhi ya kilimo. Hakuna hatua madhubuti zilizochukuliwa kuzuia uvamizi huu.
Mnamo 2014, msitu ulikuwa umekwisha na kubaki na mabaki machache tu ya msitu wa sekondari (12%) na msitu wa nyumba ya sanaa (4%) ulibaki. Kati ya eneo lililobaki, 15% ilikuwa ardhi ya kilimo na mashamba makubwa, na iliyobaki ilikuwa savanna yenye vipande vya miti.
Katika misitu ya hifadhi kuna mabaki ya miti kama vile Triplochiton scleroxylon, Celtis spp., Khaya grandifoliola, Erythrophleum ivorense na Terminalia superba inapatikana. Katika pori la savanna, Diospyros mespiliformis, Afzelia africana, Lophira lanceolata na Daniellia oliveri ambazo ilijulikana zaidi.
Eneo hili lilikuwa na misitu mingi lakini kufikia mwaka 2009, iliripotiwa kuwa asilimia 93 ya misitu ilikuwa imepotea katika kipindi cha miaka sita iliyopita. Kutokana na kupungua kwa misitu kumepungua wanyama wanaoishi msituni huku idadi ya sokwe wa Afrika Magharibi ikipungua kwa kiasi kikubwa.
Utafiti wa 2007 ulionyesha kuwa kulikuwa na sokwe chini ya 50 katika mbuga hiyo, na kufikia 2018, waliripotiwa kuwa hakuna. Mamalia wengine waliorekodiwa katika mbuga hiyo ni mnyama aina ya western red colobus, African bush elephant, African buffalo, tbongo, Maxwell's duiker, duiker mwenye ubavu mwekundu, duiker mwenye backed yellow, bay duiker, kob, waterbuck na. nyumbu wa magharibi .
Moto wa nyika na ujangili ni husababisha kiasi kwamba idadi ya swala na sokwe hupungua sana.
Arly-Singou

Arly-Singou ni mfumo mkubwa wa ikolojia wenye kilomita za mraba 6,388 nchini Burkina Faso . Unajumuisha Hifadhi ya taifa ya Arli na Hifadhi yaSingou. Inachukuliwa kuwa inajumuisha sehemu ya maeneo muhimu ya wanyamapori wa pori la savanna ambayo bado yapo Afrika Magharibi .
Mnamo 1980, hesabu za angani zilifichua kwamba idadi kubwa zaidi ya swala katika eneo zima waliishi mbuga ya Arly-Singou. Uchunguzi wa hivi majuzi zaidi unaonyesha kwamba idadi ya swala imekuwa ikidumishwa kufikia mwisho wa karne ya 20.
Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Malkia Elizabeth

Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Malkia Elizabeth ni mbuga ya taifa nchini Uganda .
Mnamo mwaka 1921, kulitokea janga la magonjwa kama ugonjwa wa usingizi kati ya wakazi wa asili wa eneo hilo, wafugaji wa Basongora ,janga hilo lilisababisha vifo vingi na na wakazi kuhama kutoka eneo hilo.
Ugonjwa huo uliaminika kusababishwa na serikali ya kikoloni chini ya kivuli cha kampeni ya chanjo ya mifugo. Mchezo uliongezeka, na serikali ya kikoloni ya Uingereza iliamua kuwaondoa watu waliosalia kutoka na kuchukua karibu 90% ya ardhi yao ili kutengeneza hifadhi. Nyumba zao zilichomwa moto na mifugo yao kuchinjwa, na kuwafanya kukimbia kuvuka mpaka na kutafuta hifadhi katika nchi ambayo sasa ni Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo .
Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso ni nchi ya Afrika ya Magharibi isiyo na pwani kwenye bahari yoyote.
Imepakana na nchi zifuatazo: Mali upande wa kaskazini, Nijeri upande wa mashariki, Benin, Togo, Ghana na Kodivaa upande wa kusini.
Nchi ilianzishwa na Wafaransa kwa njia ya kugawa koloni la Cote d'Ivoire mwaka 1919. Jina la koloni jipya lilikuwa Volta ya Juu (kwa Kifaransa: Haute Volta). Jina limetokana na mto Volta unaoanzia hapa.
Kati ya miaka 1932 na 1947 eneo lake lilitawaliwa na makoloni ya jirani.
Tangu mwaka 1960 nchi ikawa huru.
Kiongozi wa nchi Thomas Sankara alibadilisha jina la nchi tarehe 4 Agosti 1984 kuwa Burkina Faso, yaani nchi ya watu waadilifu (kwa lugha ya Kimossi).
Eneo la Burkina Faso liko kwa kimo cha wastani ya mita 400 juu ya UB. Hakuna tofauti kubwa sana.
Mlima wa juu ni Ténakourou (katika kusini) wenye m. 749. Sehemu ya chini ni bonde la mto Pendjari mpakani kwa Benin.
Nchi iko kusini kwa pinde la mto Niger
Nchi imegawiwa kwa mikoa 13 (inaitwa region). Ndani ya mikoa kuna wilaya 45 (provinces) na tarafa 301 (departement). Kila mkoa husimamiwa na mkuu anayeitwa gouverneur.
Burkina Faso ina chanzo cha matawimto ya mto Volta ambayo ni Mouhoun (pia Volta Nyeusi), Nakambé (pia Volta Nyeupe) na Nazinon (pia Volta Nyekundu). Mouhoun ni mto pekee wenye maji mwaka mzima.
Sehemu za kaskazini na mashariki za nchi ambazo ni takriban robo ya eneo lake lote ni beseni yala mto Niger. Matawimto ya Niger (Béli, Gorouol, Goudébo na Dargol) yana maji kwa muda wa miezi 4-6 kila mwaka.
Kuna pia maziwa kadhaa, hasa Tingrela, Bam na Dem.
Hali ya hewa ni ya kitropiki. Majira ya mvua ni kati ya Mei na Septemba.
Wakati wa kiangazi kuna upepo wa Harmattan unaotoka katika jangwa la Sahara.
Kuna kanda tatu ya hali ya hewa, kuanzia Sahel katika kaskazini hadi Sudan-Guinea katika kusini kwenye mvua zaidi.
Katika maeneo yabisi ya kaskazini serikali mbalimbali zimejitahidi kupanda miti, jumla ya milioni 23 katika miaka 1996-2000.
Wakazi wa nchi huitwa "Waburkina" kutokana na jina la Burkina.
Idadi kubwa sana ya wananchi hukaa mashambani. Lakini miji inakua haraka.
Mji mkuu, Wagadugu, umeshapita idadi ya wakazi milioni moja.
Miji mingine muhimu ni Bobo-Dioulasso (wakazi 366,383), Koudougou (wakazi 89,374), Ouahigouya (wakazi 62,325) na Banfora (wakazi 61,762). (takwimu za Januari 2006)
Kabila kubwa nchini ni la Wamossi (karibu nusu ya wananchi wote) wakikaa karibu na Wagadugu. La pili ni la Wabobo hasa katika eneo la Bobo-Dioulasso. Kanda la Sahel katika kaskazini wako Wafula.
Lugha ya Kifaransa ndiyo lugha rasmi. Lugha kuu za mawasiliano ni Kimossi na Kidiula. Kwa ujumla kuna lugha 68 nchini Burkina.
Upande wa dini, wakazi Waislamu ni 63.8%, Wakristo ni 26.3% (Wakatoliki 20.1% na Waprotestanti 6.2%) na wafuasi wa dini asilia za Kiafrika ni 9%.
Ndoto ya Amerika

Ndoto ya Amerika ni kitabu cha watoto kilichoandikwa na Ken Walibora. Ken Walibora alikuwa mwandishi maarufu wa Kenya ambaye alifanya kazi na kuandika zaidi ya vitabu ishirini na kushinda tuzo nyingi kwa kazi yake. Alishinda Tuzo ya Fasihi Jomo Kenyatta mara mbili kwa Ndoto ya Amerika mwaka wa 2003 na Kisasi Hapana mwaka wa 2009.
Kitabu hiki kinaelezea maisha ya Isaya Yano. Isaya ndiye mhusika mkuu wa kitabu. Kitabu hicho pia kinaonyesha maisha ya rafiki mkubwa wa Isaya, Madoa. Mandhari ya hadithi hii ni nchini Kenya. Isaya anaishi Sangura katika tarafa ya Cherangani, Wilayani Trans-Nzoia. Isaya na Madoa wote ni wavulana masikini wa mashambani ambao wana mama wabaya. Wanachotaka kufanya ni kupumzika na kutofanya kazi yoyote. Hawataki kuwa wakulima, hawataki kwenda shule, hawataki kufanya chochote lakini wanataka kujifurahisha. Walifurahi tu wakati wa likizo, mapumziko, mashindano ya michezo au sikukuu za kitaifa kwa maana hawakuwa na masomo.
Katika Ndoto ya Amerika kuna maudhui nyingi kama:
Migogoro katika kitabu hiki inaonekana katika sura mbili za kwanza. Mama Isaya ni mtu mkali sana. Anaonyesha hisia zake kupitia migogoro. Unaweza kuona maudhui hii wakati Isaya analia na Mama Isaya anampiga kwa sababu alilia. Maudhui ya migogoro inaendelea wakati Isaya na Madoa wanakamatwa na polisi baadaye kwenye kitabu.
Kutoroka ni maudhui mkubwa pia. Tunaona Isaya na Madoa wanataka kutoroka makwao na kutoroka kenya. Isaya kutaka kuota kuhusu Marekani ili kuweza kutoroka kiakili. Msitu kupitia kitabu hiki ni muhimu sana. Msitu unawakilisha matumaini mapya. Japokuwa msituni ni mahali panapotisha na penye hatari nyingi kama wanyama wakali na nyoka, ni mahali salama kwa Isaya na Madoa kutorokea. Isaya na Madoa wanataka kuondoka nyumbani na kuacha shule zao lakini Madoa pia anataka kuondoka Afrika. Madoa hata anasema kila mtu ana ndoto ya kuondoka na kwenda Marekani.
Ndoto ni muhimu sana katika kitabu hiki. Maudhui hii inatuonyesha jinsi mtu anavyopaswa kujua namna kufikiri. Kuota Amerika kwenye kitabu ni kitu muhimu sana. Msomaji anajifunza kwamba kila mtu anakuwa na ndoto ya Amerika. Kuwa na ndoto hii kunaonyesha kuwa unataka mafanikio katika maisha yako. Hii huleta swali muhimu, je, ni lazima uondoke nyumbani kwako ili ufurahie maisha kweli?
Lake Naivasha Country Club

The Lake Naivasha Country Club is located on the opposite shore of Lake Naivasha from the town of Naivasha, Kenya.
Built using old colonial architecture and opened in 1937, Lake Naivasha Country Club provides accommodation in rooms and cottages across 12 ha (30 acres) of green lawns shaded by mature acacias and fever trees. The public rooms also display the British colonial style. The residents' lounge has a massive fireplace and large bay windows. The bar adjoins a billiards room, for playing billiards and snooker in the British tradition.
Views across Lake Naivasha are dominated by the shadow of Mount Longonot, 2,777 m (9,111 ft) high, a dormant volcano which, in 1983, was declared a Kenyan national park (52 km). Mount Longonot also can be seen from the eastern escarpment on the scenic highway to the region.
The Lake Naivasha Country Club opened in 1937 as an intermediate staging post for Imperial Airways' flying boat (seaplane) service travelling from Durban to London. Previously known as the "Lake Hotel" in the 1930s, there were papyrus-thatched chalets.
The area was popular with members of the Happy Valley set during the years between the World Wars. Also on the shores of Lake Naivasha is the Djinn Palace, which gained notoriety in the Happy Valley days.
In 2008 the hotel was transferred from Block Hotels Group to Kenya Hotels Ltd who also run the Lake Baringo Club.
There is fishing for black bass and tilapia, and a boat trip during the day provides a close view of Naivasha's wide variety of birdlife and its hippo colonies.
Crescent Island, 15 minutes away by boat, is a private game sanctuary, with zebra, wildebeest, gazelle, vervet monkeys, hares, genet cats, waterbuck and giraffe. Crescent Island is one of the few places in Africa where people can wander on foot among herds of antelope since there are no predators on the island. LNCC will arrange boat trips for a reasonable charge.
Naivasha is also a site for birdwatching, with over 300 species of birds on display: three bird walks a day have been offered along the grounds of the country club, including early morning bird walks which are particularly good for rare sightings of birds. They have a bird-sighting book available publicly to record birds one sees.
Northern Acacia–Commiphora bushlands and thickets

The Northern Acacia–Commiphora bushlands and thickets are a tropical grasslands, savannas and shrublands ecoregion in eastern Africa. The ecoregion is mostly located in Kenya, extending north into southeastern South Sudan, northeastern Uganda and southwestern Ethiopia and south into Tanzania along the Kenya-Tanzania border.
The ecoregion occupies the middle and upper reaches of Kenya's Tana River watershed and the closed basins in the Kenyan portion of the East African Rift including those of lakes Magadi, Naivasha, Nakuru, Baringo and the uplands south and west of Turkana. Kenya's capital Nairobi is in the ecoregion.
The Northern Acacia–Commiphora bushlands and thickets are bounded on the southeast by the humid coastal Northern Zanzibar–Inhambane coastal forest mosaic along the lower Tana River and the Indian Ocean coast. To the south and southeast, they transition to the more humid Southern Acacia–Commiphora bushlands and thickets. To the east and northeast they transition into the drier Somali Acacia–Commiphora bushlands and thickets and Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands. East Sudanian savanna lies the northwest. In Kenya's mountains, the Acacia–Commiphora bushlands transition to humid East African montane forests at higher elevations.
The ecoregion is mostly made up of grasslands, savannas and open-canopy woodlands. Species of Vachellia and Commiphora are the principal trees.
Elephants (Loxodonta africana) are major shapers of the ecoregion, knocking down trees for forage and opening up areas of grassland and savanna.
In addition to elephants, large mammals include the Eastern Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli), Grevy’s Zebra (Equus grevyi), Beisa Oryx (Oryx beisa), Gerenuk (Litocranius walleri) and Lesser Kudu (Tragelaphus imberbis).
20.46% of the ecoregion is in protected areas. Protected areas include portions of Kenya's South Turkana and Samburu national reserves, Maralal National Sanctuary and Amboseli, Chyulu Hills, Kora, Longonot, Marsabit, Meru, Nairobi, Ol Donyo Sabuk, Tsavo East and Tsavo West national parks. Tanzania's Umba and Mkomazi Game Reserves are in the ecoregion, as are Uganda's Matheniko and Pian Upe wildlife reserves.
Wildlife of Kenya

The wildlife of Kenya refers to its fauna. The diversity of Kenya's wildlife has garnered international fame, especially for its populations of large mammals. Mammal species include lion (Panthera leo), cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), African buffalo (Syncerus caffer), wildebeest (Connochaetes), African bush elephant (Loxodonta africana), zebra (Equus), giraffe (Giraffa), and rhinoceros. Kenya has a very diverse population of birds, including flamingo and common ostrich (Struthio camelus).
Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear?

Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear? is a 1991 children's picture book, written by Bill Martin Jr. and it is illustrated by Eric Carle. It was published by H. Holt.
The book is designed to help toddlers identify wild animals (from the zoo) and the noises they make. It features a polar bear, a lion, a hippopotamus, a flamingo, a zebra, a boa constrictor, an elephant, a leopard, a peacock, a walrus, a zoo keeper and some children.
This is a companion book to Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?, published by Carle and Martin in 1967, replacing the earlier text's colours and common animals with sounds and less common animals.
Sweet Pickles

Sweet Pickles is a series of 40 children's books by Ruth Lerner Perle, Jacquelyn Reinach, and Richard Hefter and published by Holt, Rinehart & Winston, which have sold over 50 million copies. The books are set in the fictional town of Sweet Pickles and are about anthropomorphic animals with different personalities and behavior. There are 26 animals, one for each letter of the alphabet; half are male, and half are female. The books were published in 1977 and went out of print in the mid-1990s. The authors also created Stickybear and the Strawberry Library.
The series' name is a pun; in each book, the main character gets into a "pickle" (a difficult situation) because of an all-too-human personality trait. The front endpapers of the books portrayed the 26 characters, and the back endpapers portrayed a map of the town.
The books were advertised with television commercials and a catchy jingle. There also existed a similar series, The AlphaPets, on which Ruth Lerner Perle collaborated in the early 1990s.
The Sweet Pickles books were read in various episodes of the CBS television series Captain Kangaroo.
In 2012, the brand celebrated its 35th anniversary and the books were re-released as digitally enhanced E-Books, adding sound effects, narration and character voices performed by voice actors. The first 26 Books (A-Z) have been available at all major E-Retailers since Summer 2012. The E-Books were developed by Bento Box Interactive, a spin-off company of Bento Box Entertainment.
These people living in the town of Sweet Pickles are 26 animals, with their names beginning with each letter of the alphabet.
Sweet Pickles is a fictional town with animal residents, whose misadventures impart basic values, ethics and social skills to children. A variety of techniques are employed in the series, such as comedy, music, story-telling, and active play. There was one book for each of the 26 Sweet Pickles characters, each representing a letter of the alphabet:
A poster and a plastic book case (which included a personalized decal set) was included with the subscription.
There were also 14 additional Weekly Reader books:
First Cassette - Responsible Rabbit Rag including these songs:
2nd Cassette - Bashful Bear Blues including these songs:
Zebra patterning

Zebra patterning, or zebra stripes, is a feature found on some prosumer and most professional video cameras to aid in correct exposure. When enabled, areas of the image over a certain threshold are filled with a striped or cross-hatch pattern to dramatically highlight areas where too much light is falling on the image sensor.
Often, a threshold level can be set, e.g. 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100% (with 100% meaning pure white, or over-exposed, AKA 100 IRE). A lower threshold like 70 to 80% can help correctly expose many skin tones, while higher numbers help ensure correct overall scene exposure.
Karmanghat Hanuman Temple

The Karmanghat Hanuman Temple is a Hindu temple in Hyderabad in the state of Telangana, India. The presiding deity of the temple is Hanuman as Dhyana Anjaneya. The temple complex also houses other deities viz. Rama, Shiva, Saraswati, Durga, Santoshimata, Venugopala, and Jagannath. The temple is located at Karmanghat, near Santoshnagar and closer to the Nagarjuna Sagar Ring Road.
Temple is open from 6 am to 13 noon and 4:30 pm to 8:30 pm on all days except Tuesdays and Saturdays, where it is open from 5.30 am to 1 pm and 4:30 pm to 9 pm.
It was built in c. 1198 CE. When the Kakatiya king Prola II went hunting and was resting under a tree, he heard the chanting of the god Rama's name. Looking for the source of the voice, he discovered a stone idol of the god Hanuman, in seated posture as the source. Having paid his respects, he returned to his capital, and that night, Hanuman is said to have appeared in his dream and asked him to construct a temple.
The temple is very popular among devotees in Hyderabad. The devotees offer prayers and perform religious rituals for Hanuman at the temple on Tuesdays and Saturdays. On the auspicious day of Hanuman Jayanti (Hanuman's birthday), devotees visit the temple in large numbers to offer special pooja to the god. The temple management provides "annadanam" (free meal) to limited people on a daily basis.
Yara-ma-yha-who

The Yara-ma-yha-who is a legendary vampiric monster found in Southeastern Australian Aboriginal mythology. The legend is recounted by David Unaipon. According to legend, the creature resembles a little red frog-like man with a very big head, a large mouth with no teeth and suckers on the ends of its hands and feet.
The Yara-ma-yha-who is said to live in fig trees. Instead of hunting for food, it is described as waiting for an unsuspecting traveller to rest under the tree. The creature then drops down and uses its suckers to drain the victim's blood. After that, it swallows the person, drinks some water, and then takes a nap. When the Yara-ma-yha-who awakens, it regurgitates the victim, leaving them shorter than before. The victim's skin also has a reddish tint to it that it did not have before. If this process is repeated, the victim becomes a Yara-ma-yha-who themselves.
According to legend, the Yara-ma-yha-who is only active during the day and only targets living prey. "Playing dead" until sunset is offered as a ploy to avoid attack. Additionally, the folklore said that the Yara-ma-yha-who was not meant to be seen and got rid of anybody who glimpsed it. Stories of this creature were reportedly told to misbehaving children.
The origin of this creature is believed to be the tarsier; it is probable the story was brought to Australia by Malay settlers.
Mícheál Ó Duibhir (réabhlóidí)

Náisiúnaí Éireannach ba ea Mícheál Ó Duibhir nó Michael Dwyer (1772 - 23 Lúnasa 1825) agus ceannaire chraobh Chill Mhantáin de na hÉireannaigh Aontaithe, páirteach in Éirí Amach 1798.
Tar éis an Éirí Amach, bhí Dwyer agus a chuid comrádaithe mar a bheadh bior sa mbeo ag na Sasanaigh i ngleannta agus sléibhte Chill Mhantáin, go dtí gur chuir sé deireadh leis an troid in 1803 nuair a chlis ar Éirí Amach Roibeard Emmet.
Díbríodh é, ó Chill Mhaighneann go dtí an Astráil, agus a theaghlach ina theannta. Tar éis dó a théarma príosúnachta a chríochnú, liostáil sé san fhórsa póilíneachta amuigh ann.
Nuair a theip ar an Éirí Amach 1798 chúlaigh sé le buíon fear go Gleann Ó Máil, agus throid siad ar feadh cúig bliana eile i Sléibhte Chill Mhantáin go dtí mí na Nollag 1803, nuair a theip ar éirí amach Robert Emmet i mBaile Átha Cliath.
Bhí ag éirí chomh maith sin le feachtas Uí Dhuibhir go raibh ar na húdaráis an Bóthar Míleata i gContae Chill Mhantáin (atá fós ann) a thógáil ón chathair isteach sna sléibhte, agus cúig bheairic air, sula raibh siad ábalta é a ghabháil.
Tar éis mórán eachtraí d'aontaigh Ó Duibhir go ngéillfeadh sé a fhad is go dtabharfaí saorchead dó féin agus dá chuid fear go Meiriceá (seachas é a dhaoradh chun báis, rud a bhí i ndán do mhórán eile de réabhlóidithe na linne). Ach cuireadh i bPríosún Chill Maighneann é agus as sin chun na hAstráile é, lena bhean agus beirt chlainne.
Díbríodh Dwyer sa bhliain 1805, ó Chill Mhaighneann go dtí an Astráil, agus cuid den teaghlach ina theannta. Ní mó ná sásta a bhí sé faoi sin. Bhain sé an Astráil amach in 1806 agus tugadh 100 acra talún dó in Cabramatta in aice le Sydney.
Bhí deacrachtaí aige leis na húdaráis arís. Cuireadh go hOileán Norfolk é ar feadh tamaill ach tugadh pardún dó agus d'fhill sé ar an fheirmeoireacht.
Bhí sé i gceannas ar na póilíní i gceantar in aice le Sydney, ach briseadh as a phost é mar gheall ar a chuid óil. Bhí teach tábhairne aige ar feadh tamaill chomh maith, ach níor éirigh go maith leis. Bhí talamh á cheannach agus á dhíol aige ansin agus rinne sé go leor airgid chun teach phobail (séipéal) a thógáil.
Cinneadh gurbh fhéimheach é i mí na Bealtaine 1825 agus cuireadh i bpríosún é. Ach tháinig dinnireacht air i bpríosún, Ní raibh sé ach 53 nuair a cailleadh é ar 23 Lúnasa 1825 in Liverpool, Sydney ina bhaile féin.
Níor fhill sé ar Éirinn riamh. Rugadh triúr clainne leis san Astráil agus tháinig beirt eile, a fágadh in Éirinn nuair a díbríodh é, go dtí an Astráil ach níor bhain siad Sydney amach go dtí seachtain tar éis a bháis. I 1898 nochtadh leacht mór ar a uaigh i reilig Waverley, Sydney. os comhair 200,000 duine.
Frank McGuinness

Is drámadóir, file agus ollamh iomráiteach é Frank McGuinness nó Proinsias MacAonghusa (a rugadh 29 Iúil 1953, i gContae Dhún na nGall). Tá gairm acadúil measctha le gairm scríbhneora ag McGuinness.
Tógadh i mBun Cranncha i gContae Dhún na nGall é sular bhain sé céim amach i gColáiste na hOllscoile, Baile Átha Cliath.
Bhí sé ina léachtóir in Ollscoil Uladh agus Maigh Nuad sular thosaigh sé mar scríbhneoir cónaitheach i gColáiste na hOllscoile, Baile Átha Cliath sna 1980idí. D'éirigh sé ansin ina Ollamh le scríbhneoireacht cruthaitheach i rannóg na Bhéarla, Drámaíocht agus Scannán i gColáiste na hOllscoile, Baile Átha Cliath.
Phléigh McGuinness le hábhair chomh héagsúil le beatha Caravaggio, géarchéim giall na Liobáine, Shakespeare in Éirinn, Comhcheilg an Phúdair agus beatha Lizzie agus Mary Burns, céilí Éireannacha Engels i Manchain. Is mó a aithnítear é mar dhrámadóir agus file ach tá scripteanna scannáin, scripteanna teilifíse agus leabhróga scríofa aige chomh maith le ceoldráma stáitse, Donegal. Is iad an amhránaíocht agus an cóiriú na gnéithe is buana a fheictear ina shaothar.
Thuil McGuinness clú lena chéad Dráma The Factory Girls (1982) agus neartaigh a chlú nuair a chuireadh a dráma Observe the Sons of Ulster Marching towards the Somme (1986) ar an stáitse, ar dtús, in Amharclann na Mainistreach agus ansin go forleathan. Bronnadh neart duaiseanna air de bharr sin.
Tá roinnt mhaith aistriúcháin de dhrámaí clasaiceacha le drámadóirí cos súil le Anton Chekhov, Henrik Ibsen agus Bertolt Brecht déanta aige. Foilsíodh bailiúchán filíochta leis den ainm Booterstown sa bhliain 1994.
Drámaí
Aistriúcháin
Dráma curtha in eagar do scannáin
Úrscéalta agus gearrscéalta
Tá dhá húrscéal scríofa ag McGuinness chomh maith le cnuasach gearrscéalta amháin.
Príosún Chill Mhaighneann

Foirgneamh i mBaile Átha Cliath, Éire is ea Príosún Chill Mhaighneann. Príosún a bhí ann ó 1796 go dtí 1924, ach is músaem é anois. Áit thábhachtach i stair na hÉireann is ea é. Osclaíodh é ag am Acht an Aontais, agus dúnadh é tar éis bhunú Saorstáit Éireann. Mar sin, ba shuíomh lárnach é sa tréimhse tábhachtach seo i stair na hÉireann.
Bunaíodh an príosún i gCill Mhaighneann, in aice leis an chathair, sa bhliain 1796. Ar dtús, tugadh an t-ainm "an príosún nua" air, mar bhí seanphríosún eile in aice leis. Ó 1796 go dtí 1924, b'é seo an príosún inar cuireadh (agus a lámhachadh go minic) réabhlóidithe agus polaiteoirí a bhí ag troid ar son saoirse na hÉireann. Mar shampla, Réabhlóid na nÉireannach Aontaithe i 1798, éirí amach Robert Emmet i 1803, An Gorta Mór ó 1845 go dtí 1851, Éirí Amach na nÉireannach Óga i 1848, Éirí Amach na bhFíníní i 1867, Cogadh na Talún sna 1880í, Éirí Amach na Cásca i 1916, Cogadh na Saoirse ó 1919 go dtí 1921, agus Cogadh Cathartha na hÉireann sna 1920idí. Coinníodh agus lámhachadh ceannairí Éirí Amach 1916 ann, agus b'é Eamon de Valera an príosúnach deireanach a bhí faoi choinneáil i gCill Mhaighneann. Dhún rialtas an tSaorstáit é mar phríosún i 1924. I measc na bpríosúnaigh cáiliúla a bhí faoi ghlas ann ná:
Is séadchomhartha náisiúnta é an príosún anois. Rinneadh a lán oibre ar an bhfoirgneamh agus athosclaíodh é mar mhúsaem náisiúnachais. Insíonn an músaem an scéal faoin bhóthar trioblóideach go saoirse na hÉireann. Thug 160,000 duine cuairt ar an músaem sa bhliain 1999.
Rinneadh roinnt scannáin san fhoirgneamh freisin, mar shampla:
Rialtas Sealadach Phoblacht na hÉireann (1916)

Nuair a ghabh ceannairí an Éirí Amach Ard-Oifig an Phoist i mBaile Átha Cliath Luan Cásca, an 24 Aibreán 1916, d’fhógair siad 'Rialtas Sealadach Phoblacht na hÉireann'. Léigh Pádraig Mac Piarais forógra amach thar ceann an 'Rialtais Shealadaigh', más fíor dóibh féin é. Mar fhocal scoir, dúirt sé
Ansin ar an 30ú Aibreán 1916, d'fhógair an Piarsach go raibh "sé socraithe ag comhaltaí an Rialtais Shealadaigh atá i láthair ag an gceanncheathrú géilleadh gan chomha".
Ní raibh mórán iomrá i measc phobal na hÉireann ar Shínitheoirí an Fhorógra, a bhí idir 29 agus 59 bliana d’aois. Ní raibh siad tofa, ach féincheaptha. Mar sin féin, sheas siad do shnáitheanna éagsúla de náisiúnachas na hÉireann agus d’Athbheochan na Gaeilge (ach Níor léigh an Piarsach an forógra ach i mBéarla).
Caithfear a rá nach raibh bá an phobail ar thaobh na gceannairceach ar dtús báire, mar gheall ar easpa tuisceana ar an gcuspóir, chomh maith le daoine a bheith ag fáil bháis; an t-ár agus an doirteadh fola.
D’athraigh sé sin go tapaidh, áfach agus sa bhliain 1919, bhunaigh An Chéad Dáil córas rialtais i ndáiríre. Ach chuir Éirí Amach 1916 tús le próiseas, as ar lean Éire agus an Bhreatain Mhór a dheighilt óna chéile.
Réabhlóid

Is éard is réabhlóid ann (ón Laidin "cas timpeall") ná athruithe ollmhóra i gcoinne údarás. Tá na réabhlóidithe ag éileamh athrú rialtais go minic, b'fhéidir leis an lámh láidir, agus le neart míleata.
Níos ginearálta, is ea Réabhlóid tréimhse inar tharlaíonn go leor athruithe go tapa, sa pholaitíocht, sa tsochaí, nó sa gheilleagar, mar shampla Réabhlóid na Tionsclaíochta. Go hannamh, éabhlóid níos mó ná réabhlóid atá ann.
Mícheál Ó Mulláin

Réabhlóidí Éireannach agus sóisialaí ab ea Micheál Ó Mealláin nó Michael Mallin (1 Nollaig 1874 – 8 Bealtaine 1916) a ghlac páirt gníomhach in Éirí Amach 1916. Ba é Leascheannasaí Arm Cathartha na hÉireann é faoi James Connolly. Ar nós Connolly, bhí Mallin é féin in Arm na Breataine nuair a bhí sé óg.
Rugadh Ó Mulláin sna Saoirsí i gcroílár Bhaile Átha Cliath.,
Ba é Micheál an duine ba shine de sheisear clainne a tháinig slán ó naíonacht; fuair cúigear eile bás agus iad ina leanaí. Ní raibh seo as an ghnáth in aon chor ag an am.
Cé go raibh bá ag a mháthair don phoblachtachas, bhí cuid den teaghlach báite i gcultúr míleata Shasana. Mí amháin roimh a chúigiú breithlá déag, liostáil sé leis na Royal Scots Fusiliers mar dhrumadóir. Chaith sé beagnach 14 bliain in arm Shasana, cuid mhaith de san India.
Tháinig Micheál abhaile ag deireadh 1902. Fuair sé post mar fhíodóir poiplín ag Atkinson & Co agus chuaigh sé le Ceardchumann na bhFíodóirí Síoda sa chathair. Chuaigh a thaithí ansin go mór i bhfeidhm air. Roimh i bhfad bhí sé ina oifigeach ar cheardchumainn na bhfíodóirí síoda agus ansin ina rúnaí ar an cheardchumann.
In Earrach 1913 chuaigh na hoibrithe i monarcha Atkinson ar stailc agus bhí Micheál i gcroílár imeachtaí. Bhí bua acu sa deireadh ach níorbh fhada gur éirigh Micheál as a phost sa mhonarcha agus sa cheardchumann.
Chuaigh sé ansin leis an ITGWU.Roimh i bhfad bhí sé i mbun oibre leis an Arm Cathartha na hÉireann. Rinneadh príomh-oifigeach traenála de agus faoi dheireadh 1914 d’ainmnigh Séamus Ó Conghaile é mar cheann foirne.
Mar aon leis an Chonghaileach, scríobh Ó Mealláin sraith alt don Workers’ Republic ag deireadh 1915 ar chúrsaí míleata, a chuir béim ar chogaíocht neamhrialta. Thug le fios dá lucht léite gurbh fhéidir le baicle bheag trodairí an lámh in uachtar a fháil ar fhórsa láidir ar nós arm Shasana.
I rith an Éirí Amach, bhí Ó Mulláin mar leas cheannasaí faoi Séamas Ó Conghaile agus i gceannas ar an ngrúpa saighdiúirí ag Faiche Stiabhna i mBaile Átha Cliath, leis an gCúntaois Markiewicz mar leascheannaire.
Ghéill sé ar an Domhnach, 30 Aibreán 1916 nuair a fuair sé an t-ordú ón gCongailleach. Cuireadh chun báis é ar an 8ú lá de Bealtaine i bPríosún Chill Mhaighneann.
The Murder Machine

Paimfléad is ea 'The Murder Machine' (Gaeilge: An tInneall Dúnmharaithe) le Pádraig Mac Piarais a foilsíodh i mí Eanáir 1916.
D’fhreastail an Piarsach féin ar scoil phríobháideach ó 1886 go 1891, ansin d'fhreastail sé ar Mheánscoil na mBráithre Críostaí, Rae an Iarthair ó 1891 go 1896. Rinne sé scrúdú máithreánach de chuid an Ollscoil Ríoga na hÉireann in 1898 agus bronnadh céimeanna Baitsiléir Ealaíon agus Baitsiléir Dlíthe air faoi 1901. Ba iad na hábhair ealaíon a bhí aige ná Gaeilge, Béarla agus Fraincis.
D'fhostaigh na Bráithre Críostaí é mar theagascóir ina gcuid scoileanna. Chomh maith le freastal ar léachtaí sa Choláiste Ollscoile, Baile Átha Cliath thug sé léachtaí páirtaimseartha ar an nGaeilge ansin ó 1899 go 1902 agus mhúin sé Gaeilge i gColáiste Alexandra ó 1904 go 1905. Thug sé léachtaí níos foirmiúla ar an nGaeilge sa Choláiste Ollscoile, Baile Átha Cliath ón mbliain 1906 amach.
Bhí sé gníomhach i Scoil Naomh Éanna a reáchtáil.
Sa phaimfléad cháin sé an córas scoile a bhí ann mar gheall ar "the national factor" a eisiamh. Scríobh sé; "The school system which neglects it, commits, even from the purely pedagogic point of view, a primary blunder. It neglects one of the most powerful of educational resources". D’áitigh sé "In a true education system religion, patriotism, literature, art and science would be brought in such a way into the lives of boys and girls as to affect their character and conduct". Scríobh sé "The main object in education is to help the child to be his own true self." agus gurbh í an aidhm ná " "to foster the elements of character native to the soul, to help bring these to their full perfection, rather than to implement exotic excellences"
D’áitigh sé ar son athchóiriú nach raibh ann ach "a plea for freedom within the law". Ba cheart go mbeadh saoirse ag múinteoirí cinneadh a dhéanamh faoin méid a theastaigh ó dhaltaí a fhoghlaim gan ualach an chórais scrúdaithe stáit. In Éirinn neamhspleách amach anseo bheadh an córas scoile dátheangach.
Chuir sé i gcoinne an stáit, a leag béim ar churaclaim agus scrúduithe caighdeánacha. Bhí scoileanna á reáchtáil ag eaglaisí den chuid ba mhó, cé nach ndearna sé tagairt ach amháin do Clongowes Wood College agus tagairt fhánach don eaglais a choinnigh“ "a portion of the machinery".
Fothoghchán Oirthear an Chláir, 1917

Reáchtáladh fothoghchán in Oirthear an Chláir ar 10 Iúil 1917, tar éis bhás, Bhuaigh Éamon de Valera fothoghchán Oirthear an Chláir.
Teachta Parlaiminte in Oirthear an Chláir ab ea Willie Redmond, 1900-1917 agus deartháir Chathaoirleach Pháirtí Parlaiminte, Seán Mac Réamainn. Gortaíodh go marfach an Captaen Redmond (in aois 56 bliain dó) ar an 7 Meitheamh 1917 i gCath Messines.
Bhuaigh George Plunkett, athair Joseph Mary Plunkett a shínigh forógra na poblachta agus a cuireadh chun báis, bhuaigh sé fothoghchán parlaiminte i gContae Ros Comáin i bhFeabhra na bliana 1917. Dúradh ag an am gur léiriú comhbháidhe a bhí sa vóta seo agus nár bhain sé leis an bpolaitíocht i ndáiríre.
Bhuaigh Joseph McGuinness, príosúnach poblachtach agus iarrthóir Shinn Féin, fothoghchán eile i Longfort i mí na Bealtaine. Bhí ‘put him in to get him out’ mar mhana ag a lucht tacaíochta i rith an fheachtais. Dúradh ag an am go raibh na vótóirí ag iarraidh go saorfaí na príosúnaigh agus nach bhféadfaí aon tátal eile a bhaint as bua Shinn Féin.
D'fhéach rialtas na Breataine an coinscríobh a chur i bhfeidhm ar Éirinn. Tharraing sé sin míghnaoi ar an rialtas ag an am.
Scaoileadh na príosúnaigh saor i mí an Mheithimh. Scaoileadh Éamon de Valera saor chomh maith agus roghnaíodh é mar ionadaí Shinn Féin d’Oirthear an Chláir.
Roghnaigh an United Irish League iarrthóir maith, Patrick Lynch (Ard-Aighne na hÉireann níos déanaí). a raibh aithne ag vótóirí an toghlaigh air.
Roghnaigh Sinn Féin strainséir: múinteoir matamaitice a rugadh i Nua-Eabhrac, a tógadh i gcontae Luimnigh, agus a raibh cónaí air i mBaile Átha Cliath. Ní raibh ach cáilíocht amháin ag an iarrthóir poblachtach: ba é an t-oifigeach ab airde céime é a throid san éirí amach agus nár cuireadh chun báis. B’ionann fothoghchán an Chláir agus reifreann ar Éirí Amach 1916.
Bhí De Valera in éide Óglaigh, agus clár poblachtach Fhorógra na Cásca mar pholasaí aige.
Chabhraigh an Dr Éamonn Mac Giolla Iasachta le feachtas toghcháin de Valera agus thug a ghluaisteán dó ar feadh coicíse le canbhasáil a dhéanamh.
Bhuaigh Éamon de Valera ar Patrick Lynch ó Pháirtí Parlaiminteach. Nuair a comhaireadh na vótaí, bhí 5,010 vóta ag Éamon de Valera agus 2,035 vóta ag an iarrthóir eile. Fuair de Valera tromlach 2,975 vóta, agus toghadh Éamon de Valera mar Fheisire Parlaiminte Shinn Féin ar son Oirthear an Chláir.
Rinneadh Uachtarán de Shinn Féin De Valera. Atoghadh De Valera mar ionadaí parlaiminte ar son an Chláir sna hOlltoghcháin ina dhiaidh sin go dtí gur toghadh mar Uachtarán é in 1959.
Margaret Skinnider

Réabhlóideach agus feimineach ab ea Margaret Frances Skinnider (28 Bealtaine 1892 – 10 Deireadh Fómhair 1971). Throid sí le linn Éirí Amach na Cásca 1916 i mBaile Átha Cliath mar naoscaire, agus ba í an t-aon bhean a gortaíodh sa gníomhaíocht.Mar scabhta, moladh í as a crógacht. Tagraíonn Sadhbh Walshe di mar "the schoolteacher turned sniper ", sa nuachtán The New York Times.
Tom Barry (Óglach na hÉireann)

Ceannaire míleata treallchogaíochta mór le rá ab ea Tomás "Tom" de Barra nó Thomas Barry (1 Iúil 1897 – 2 Iúil 1980). Bhí sé i gceannas ar an 3ú Colún Reatha Iarthair Chorcaí de chuid Óglaigh na hÉireann le linn Chogadh na Saoirse agus ar thaobh na bhfrith-chonrathóirí sa Chogadh Cathartha níos déanaí.
Fearghal Mac Bhloscaidh

Is léachtóir sinsearach agus acadóir Éireannach é an Dr Fearghal Mac Bhloscaidh. Is as Tír Eoghain dó ó dhúchas ach tá sé ina chónaí i mBéal Feirste áit a bhfuil sé ina léachtóir sinsearach sa stair i gColáiste Ollscoile Naomh Muire sa chathair. Tá neart saothar curtha i gcló ag Mac Bhloscaidh ar cheist na haicme, an tseicteachais agus na hidé-eolaíochta le linn blianta na réabhlóide ag tús an fhichiú haois, agus, lena hais sin, ar cheist an athbhreithniúchais. Bhí sé ina chomheagarthóir ar shaothar tábhachtach a foilsíodh le déanaí dár dteideal Bread not Profits: Provincial working class politics during the Irish Revolution. Thug sé léacht uaidh ar ‘Athghabháil na Gaeilge’ ag comhdháil i mBéal Feirste dár dteideal Díchoilíniú: Teanga, Cultúr agus Pobal samhradh na bliana 2023. Bíonn sé le clos ar Raidió na Gaeltachta go minic. Bíonn ailt staire agus tuairimíochta rialta uaidh le fáil ar a bhlag https://blosc.wordpress.com/.
Coláiste Phádraig, Droim Conrach

Ollscoil Éireannach ba ea Coláiste Phádraig, Droim Conrach (nó St Patrick's College nó St Pat's), an coláiste oiliúna múinteoirí is mó in Éirinn sna 2000idí, le níos mó ná dhá mhíle mac léinn ag staidéar ann.
Comhcholáiste de chuid Ollscoil Chathair Bhaile Átha Cliath a bhí inti, ón bhliain 1993 ar aghaidh. Rinneadh an dá choláiste a chónascadh in 2016.
Bunaíodh an coláiste sa bhliain 1875 i nDroim Conrach, i dtuaisceart Átha Cliath.
Sa mbliain 1918 a thug Pádraig Mac Gréine aghaidh ar Choláiste Phádraig le hoiliúint a fháil mar mhúinteoir bunscoile. Dúirt sé gur fíorbheagán Gaeilge a bhíodh le cloisteáil sa gcoláiste sin lena linn. Ba chuimhin leis go raibh bord Gaeltachta sa mbialann ach nach mbíodh níos mó ná dhá dhuine dhéag ina suí ansin aon uair.
Sa mbliain 1922 rinneadh ábhar éigeantach don Ghaeilge i gcuraclam na scoileanna náisiúnta agus dualgas ar oidí dhá uair sa lá scoile a chaitheamh á teagasc.