davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Inspector General of Police (Sri Lanka)

The Inspector General of Police (IGP) is the professional head of the Sri Lanka Police. They are the most senior police officer in Sri Lanka and oversees all police personnel throughout the country. The IGP reports to the Minister of Law and Order, when the Police Service is under the Ministry of Law and Order as it is currently.
The post of Inspector General of Police in Sri Lanka can be traced as far back as 1797 when the office of Fiscal was created and Fredric Barron Mylius was appointed as Fiscal of Colombo and entrusted with responsibility of policing the City of Colombo. In 1833, the Head of the Police Service was called the Superintendent of Police, in 1836 the designation was changed to Chief Superintendent of Police.
The official establishment of the Ceylon Police Force was on 3 September 1866 when William Robert Campbell (then the chief of police in the Indian province of Rathnageri) was appointed as Chief Superintendent of Police in Ceylon to be in charge of the Police units. This post officially became the Chief of Police but was soon changed to that of the Inspector General of Police accordingly William Robert Campbell became the first Inspector General of Police.
On 26 April 2019 President Maithripala Sirisena instructed Pujith Jayasundara to resign over failures that led to the deadly Easter bomb attacks. Due to a lack of response from Jayasundara, he was put on compulsory leave with Senior DIG C. D. Wickramaratne appointed as the acting Inspector General.
After two extensions Wickramaratne was given a third extension by President Ranil Wickramasinghe on 9 October 2023, which was subsequently rejected by the Constitutional Council, with all members disagreeing with the president leaving the validity of the post and making the post vacant for the first time in the country's history. On 29 November 2023 Deshabandu Tennakoon was appointed acting Inspector General by President Wickremesinghe. He was formally confirmed as Inspector General on 26 February 2024, with the speaker Mahinda Yapa Abeywardane acting unconstitutionally voting which the supreme courts of Sri Lanka suspending Deshabandu acting in post.
President Anura Kumara Dissanayake has appointed Senior DIG Priyantha Weerasooriya as the Acting Inspector General of Police on 27 September 2024.
The Inspector General of Police can be removed through an investigation by a 3-member committee if found guilty of specified offence(s) under the Removal of Officers (Procedure) Act No. 5 of 2002.
Traffic Police (Sri Lanka)

The Traffic Police is a specialized unit of the Sri Lanka Police responsible for overseeing and enforcing traffic safety compliance on roads and highways. It is headed by the Director of Traffic, in recent times a senior gazetted officer of the rank of Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG). Therefore, the post is also referred to as DIG - Traffic.
With the enactment of the Motor Traffic Act of 1950, the Colombo Metropolitan Police identified the need for a unit for traffic control in the city of Colombo. This unit was formed in 1951 and was expanded in 1953 to cover the whole island with the establishment of the Traffic Police Headquarters.
Administration of the unit is carried out by the Traffic Police Headquarters, while there is a Traffic Unit in all police stations island wide.
Traffic police officers can be identified by the white colour peaked caps, cross belts and belts they wear on the standard police uniform.
List of attacks on civilians attributed to Sri Lankan government forces

The following is a list of attacks on civilians attributed to armed groups under the control of the Sri Lankan government, which includes the Sri Lankan Army, Sri Lankan Navy, Sri Lankan Air Force, Sri Lankan Police Service, state-backed mobs and paramilitary groups (Home Guards, EPDP, PLOTE, TMVP, Ukussa, Black Cats etc.). This list does not contain assassinations which are listed in a separate article.
The Sri Lankan Armed Forces which was almost exclusively made up of Sinhalese ethnicity during the 30-year-long Sri Lankan Civil War and the two JVP insurrections, has engaged in several counts of violence against civilians including numerous instances of civilian massacres, ethnic cleansing, pogroms, forced disappearances, sexual violence, destruction of property and assassination of civil leaders. Incidents of torture, extrajudicial killings and sexual violence have also persisted in the post war period especially against Tamils and other ethnic and sexual minorities.
Sri Lanka has also experienced attacks against civilians attributed to non state actors, such as the List of attacks attributed to the LTTE and the List of attacks on civilians attributed to the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna.
Machan (2008 film)

Machan is a 2008 Italian-Sri Lankan comedy film written, directed, and produced by Uberto Pasolini as his directorial debut about the made-up Sri Lankan National Handball Team that vanished in 2004.
Based upon a true story, the film was shot on locations in Sri Lanka and Germany. The inspiration came from the actual case of the 2004 incident, where a fake Sri Lankan national handball team tricked its way into a German tournament, lost all of their matches, and subsequently vanished. Production spent several weeks speaking with people in the less fortunate areas of Colombo and used the people met through that research to create the backgrounds of the main characters. When director Uberto Pasolini heard of the incident, he stated "I fell in love with the story so much that I decided to shoot it myself". Under the working title of Handball, the film was produced and financed by Redgrave Films (UK), RAI Cinema (Italy), Babelsberg Films (Germany), and Shakthi Films (Sri Lanka), and had its premiere at the Venice Film Festival in August 2008, where it received a 10-minute standing ovation.
After the film completed its rounds of film festivals, it had commercial theatrical debut in Italy in September 2009, and was then picked up by UGC for theatrical distribution in Germany, France, Switzerland, Canada, Belgium, Norway and Sweden, and by Yume Pictures for theatrical release in the United Kingdom October 2009 and DVD distribution April 2010.
Two friends, Manoj (Gihan De Chickera), a bartender, and Stanley (Dharmapriya Dias), a fruit vendor, wish to immigrate to the West to seek their fortune, but have difficulties getting their visa applications approved. They come across an application to a handball tournament in Bavaria, and not even knowing what the game is, they submit themselves and a group of friends as the "Sri Lanka National Handball Team". For appearance's sake, they begin minimal training and then seek travel visas from the German Embassy. Manoj leaves the group at the last moment, but the rest fly to Germany. Their plan is to simply escape into the West upon arrival in Germany are thwarted by the quick appearance of the tournament organizers and an arena of fans eager to see the powers of the Sri Lanka National Handball Team.
After losing the first matches without any goals, the team finally shoots a goal, which makes them overjoyed. The next morning, the police arrives and searches the hotel, but could not find any trace of the Sri Lankan Handball team. Later, it is shown that each member goes on his own path to various different countries in Europe.
The Guardian wrote, "There is more ingenuity, guts and brilliance in the developing world as depicted in Uberto Pasolini's film than anything Hollywood can cobble together ... There had never been a single handball team in the whole country, let alone a national side, and the scam has to go down as one of the most ingenious illegal immigration ploys ever undertaken."
Senior superintendent

Senior superintendent, also police senior superintendent or senior superintendent of police, is a senior rank in police forces used in Brunei, Estonia, Germany, South Korea, Hong Kong, India, Lesotho, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, and formerly in the Philippines and in Japan.
Royal Brunei Police Force use this rank, and it was lower than an assistant commissioner and higher than a full superintendent.
The Estonian Police and Border Guard Board use this rank, it was below a police lieutenant, but higher than a full superintendent.
In Germany's Bundespolizei (Federal Police), it was lower than a chief superintendent and higher than a full superintendent.
In Hong Kong, like in the Philippines, senior superintendent is lower than a chief superintendent, but higher than a full superintendent. The officers with this rank are normally commands Bureau, or is second in charge of a District.
A Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP) is a police officer responsible for overseeing larger police districts or specialized units in India. This position is typically held by a Superintendent of Police who has been promoted to the Selection Grade, indicating a higher level of seniority and expertise within the Indian Police Service (IPS) or State Police Services (SPS). In the hierarchy, a senior superintendent ranks above a superintendent but below a deputy inspector general of police.
In Japan, it was formerly used by the Prefectural police, who commands a large police station. It was replaced by the rank of assistant commissioner, and equivalent to a Japanese army Colonel.
Lesotho Mounted Police Service's version of the rank, it was lower than an assistant commissioner and higher than a full superintendent.
The senior superintendent in Pakistan police was almost the same as its Indian counterpart, lower than a deputy inspector general, and higher than a superintendent.
Even the Philippine police did not use it and replaced by the rank of Police Lieutenant Colonel, its civilian fire protection and jail management services are still using it, and it was higher than a full superintendent, and lower than a chief superintendent.
In South Korean police, the Senior Superintendent was lower than a superintendent general, and higher than a full superintendent. The police officers of this rank are the chief of a police station.
Senior superintendent in Sri Lanka Police was almost the same of the Indian and Pakistan police services: lower than a deputy inspector general, and higher than a superintendent.
The senior superintendent in Tanzanian Police is lower than an assistant commissioner, but higher than a full superintendent.
Sri Lanka Corps of Military Police

The Sri Lanka Corps of Military Police (SLCMP) is the branch of the Sri Lanka Army responsible for the policing of service personnel and providing a military police presence on service property, operations and exercises. It is made up of three regular regiments and with headquartered at Regiment Center Polhengoda, Colombo. Like other military police around the world, they continue to wear white webbing with barrack dress but white gaiters.
Policing in the Sri Lankan Army is carried out mainly by SLCMP and by the Regimental Police. The Sri Lanka Navy is policed by the Provost Branch. The Sri Lanka Air Force is policed by the Air Force Police (AFP).
The Military Police force carries out the following missions:
These ceremonial functions are performed mainly by the President’s Ceremonial Guard Company.
With the establishment of the Ceylon Army in October 1948, a Provost Section was raised. The section then consisted of 1 officer and 16 NCOs. On 1 October 1951 the establishment was increased to that of a company, and Capt E.R.P De Zilwa was appointed officer commanding. In 1959 the company was elevated to the level of the unit, and the commanding officer was promoted lieutenant colonel.
With the rapid expansion of the army in recent years, the corps has also been gradually increased and has provost sections at every army detachment.
In 1979 the military police had the rare honour of performing the ceremonial guard duties, such as Guard Mounting at the President’s House and to meet this requirement, the President’s Ceremonial Guard Company was formed.
Specialized branches such as the Special Investigations Branch and the Traffic School were included to the establishment by the provost in order to counter various crimes and also misconduct and infringement of road rules on public highways by army personnel. The Special Investigations Branch has now expanded to a Special Investigation Unit, directly functioning under the Directorate of Provost Marshal.
The introduction of the Sri Lanka Army Women’s Corps gave necessity to maintain the discipline of the women soldiers, and the Provost Section of MP Women was established in 1983.
The overall command of the Corps is exercised by the Directorate of the Provost Marshal (which in turn reports to the Directorate of Personnel Management at Army headquarters) and the Centre Commandant.
Ex-Military Policemen's Association, administered by its President Douglas Walisundara and Secretary, D.U.A. Jayasooriya.
Sri Lanka Army Medical Corps

The Sri Lanka Army Medical Corps (SLAMC) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා යුද හමුදා වෛද්‍ය බලකාය Shri Lanka Yuddha Hamuda Vayidya Balakaya) is a specialist corps in the Sri Lanka Army which specializes in military medicine and provides medical services to all army personnel and their families in war and in peace. It is made up of 4 regular units and one volunteer unit. Headquartered in Colombo, formally at army headquarters. The corps Cap badge depicting the Rod of Asclepius. General officers and senior officers of the SLMC wear gorget patches of maroon rather than of scarlet worn by other officers of similar rank.
The origins of the corps dates back to 29 July 1881 when a stretcher bearer company was raised as a part of the Ceylon Light Infantry Volunteers, which evolved into the Ceylon Volunteer Medical Corps (CVMC) of the Ceylon Defence Force serving in both world wars. With Ceylon gaining self rule in 1948 and the formation of the Ceylon Army in 1949, the CVMC became a part of the Ceylon Army Volunteer Force with Lt. Col. Sydney Jayawardene was the first Commanding Officer. In October 1950 the Ceylon Army Medical Corps (CAMC) was formed in the regular force of the Ceylon Army, with 3 medical officers, and 20 other ranks drawn from the wartime CVMC, under the command of Major H. C. Serasinghe. The CAMC established a 10-bed Medical Reception Station (MRS) at the General Military Hospital, Colombo operated by the Royal Army Medical Corps, which was later upgraded to a 50-bed service hospital in 1952. In 1961 a MRS were setup at the Army Training Centre, Diyatalawa. The first Regiment, CAMC was formed in 1965 and the CVMC became the 2nd (Volunteer) Regiment, CAMC with its personal serving during the 1971 JVP insurrection. The corps was renamed once again in 1972 as the Sri Lanka Army Medical Corps when Sri Lanka became a republic. With the onset of the Sri Lankan Civil War military base hospitals were established at the Palaly Military Base and at the Panagoda Cantonment in 1985. The Directorate of Army Medical Service was established in 1985. In 1997, a military base hospital was established in Anuradhapura. With civil war intensifying in the 1980s and 1990s the SLMC was expanded and deployed support combat operations and the high number of casualties.
Since all three armed forces and the police maintain their medical services with their own hospitals, the corp is only responsible for maintaining and operating army medical facilities mainly focused on treatment of battle casualties. Apart from medical reception stations in almost all military stations these include;
The Policeman

The Policeman (Hebrew: השוטר אזולאי, romanized: HaShoter Azoulay, lit. 'The Policeman Azoulay') is a 1971 Israeli feature film, written, directed and co-produced by satirist Ephraim Kishon. The touching protagonist `The Policeman Azoulay` is played by Shaike Ophir (credited as Shay K. Ophir), in what is considered one of his finest performances.
The film was nominated for the 1972 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, and won the Golden Globe Award in the same category. It won several other awards, such as best foreign film in the Barcelona film festival and best director in the Monte Carlo festival. In Israel, it is considered a cinematic classic.
Officer Avraham Azoulay is a patrolman in Tel Aviv's district of Jaffa. He is an honest man, though extremely naive, and because of his character, has never been promoted during his twenty years in the force. He is married to a dull woman (played by veteran actress Zaharira Harifai); the couple have no children.
His superiors, Captain Levkovich and First Sergeant Bejerano, decide not to renew his contract, though they feel sorry for him. In the meantime, he falls in love with the simple but charming prostitute Mimi, and removes her photograph from the arrests billboard. His wife finds the photo and tears it to pieces, which Azoulay secretly glues together again. Nevertheless, this love will not be realized as Azoulay refuses to divorce his wife, claiming that "it will destroy her". In addition, being a Kohen, he cannot marry a prostitute according to Halakha.
Azoulay shows some success at dispersing a demonstration without resorting to violence because of his knowledge of the Bible and of Yiddish; he also charms a group of visiting French policemen who adore the French-speaking policeman; in an Arab-speaking club house he gives an unaware speech in Arabic. Azoulay is able to see people for what they are and not what they represent. None of these events, however, help to change his superiors' decision to dismiss him. Azoulay strikes a friendship with Amar, unaware that he is a notorious criminal. The criminal and his associates decide to fake a crime and allow Azoulay to catch them in the act so that he receives a promotion and regains his contract. They finally decide upon stealing ritual objects, including a large golden cross, from a monastery in the neighbourhood. Azoulay manages to catch the criminal in the act and is finally promoted to the rank of a sergeant, but his contract is not renewed and he is forced to retire from the police.
In the final scene, Officer Azoulay leaves the precinct with his new rank and policemen practising marches in the courtyard are being ordered to salute in his general direction by Bejerano. The final shot of the film presents Azoulay saluting the marching policemen, thinking that they are saluting him, as his eyes fill with tears. This image became one of the most memorable in Israeli cinema.
The Policeman is widely considered to be a classic of Israeli cinema. The Film was nominated for the 44th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film, and won the 1972 Golden Globe award for Best Foreign-Language Foreign Film
My Policeman

My Policeman is a 2012 historical romance novel written by Bethan Roberts. It is set in Brighton, East Sussex, England, in the 1950s.
The novel is set in Brighton in 1957. Marion, a schoolteacher, falls in love with Tom Burgess, a policeman. Tom explores gay love with Patrick Hazelwood, a museum curator but, because of the social constraints of the era, Tom and Marion get married, even though Tom still has feelings for Patrick. Tom is torn between the safety his marriage to Marion offers him and his attraction to Patrick. When Marion becomes jealous, she exposes Patrick and gets him arrested for indecency. This causes a permanent split in Tom and Patrick's relationship and tension in Tom and Marion's marriage.
The novel received positive reviews in the press. Writing for The Guardian, Natasha Tripney said the style was "fluid and tender". In The Independent, Richard Canning wrote a positive review, suggesting the novel had "a strong period feel and a sprightly structure." Moreover, he added that the "euphemistic references to homosexuality and rich period slang" were congruous.
In February 2021, it was reported that a film adaptation of the novel was in the works, directed by Michael Grandage and starring Emma Corrin as Marion, David Dawson as Patrick Hazelwood, and Harry Styles as Tom Burgess with shooting to begin in April of that year. It was later reported the film would also feature Gina McKee as an older Marion, Rupert Everett as an older Patrick Hazelwood, and Linus Roache as an older Tom Burgess with the film starting with the arrival of Patrick to Marion and Tom's home during the late 1990s, triggering an exploration of the events from 40 years ago in the 1950s.
My Policeman had its world premiere at the 2022 Toronto International Film Festival and was screened at the Adelaide Film Festival before a limited theatrical release in the United States and a streaming release on 4 November 2022 by Amazon Prime Video. The film received mixed reviews from critics, who praised Dawson's performance but criticised the direction and the screenplay. The main cast members were announced as the collective winners of an acting award at TIFF's Tribute Awards, the first time that an award in that category was ever presented to an ensemble cast rather than an individual.
Кипърски турци

Кипърските турци (на турски: Kıbrıslı Türkler; на гръцки: Τουρκοκύπριοι) са предимно етнически турци от Кипър. След османското завладяване на острова през 1571 г. около 30 000 турски заселници са получили земя, след като пристигат в Кипър. По това време много от местните християни на острова приемат исляма през ранните години на османското владичество. Независимо от това, притокът на предимно мюсюлмански заселници в Кипър продължава с периодичност до края на османския период. Днес, докато в Северен Кипър живее значителна част от кипърското турско население, по-голямата част от кипърските турци живеят в чужбина, образувайки кипърско-турската диаспора. Тази диаспора възниква след като Османската империя прехвърля контрола над острова на Британската империя, тъй като много кипърски турци емигрират предимно в Турция и Обединеното кралство по политически и икономически причини.
Етническият и културен състав на Кипър се променя радикално след завладяването на острова от Османската империя през 1571 г. Някогашното почти чисто гръцко население на острова е включвало имигрирали там турци, които са пренесли своята религия и култура на острова. С указ на султан Селим II 5720 жители на империята се преселват в Кипър от южното крайбрежие на Мала Азия. Повечето от тях са били земеделци, но е имало бижутери, шивачи, обущари и други занаятчии. Много военен персонал също пристига в Кипър, включително 12 000 войници, 4000 конници и 20 000 бивши военни и техните семейства.
Подчинението на мюсюлманите също довежда до факта, че много гръцки жители на острова, които изповядват православното християнство и маронизма, са принудени да приемат исляма, за да не изпитват трудности с по-нататъшния живот на острова. Въпреки че този преход не е задължителен, а мюсюлманското население на Кипър е толерантно към православните гърци, все пак много от тях приемат исляма. Резултатът от това религиозно обръщане е появата на редица секти, съчетаващи в своите вярвания традициите както на християнството, така и на исляма.
През следващите векове и двете национални общности на Кипър живеят рамо до рамо на острова и всяка от тях има своя собствена култура, която не се смесва с другата.
Първият значителен поток от кипърски турци, емигрирали от острова, е настъпил по време на управлението на британците на острова (1881 – 1960 г.). След като Кипър придобива независимост през 1960 г., е решено да се създаде ново правителство, състоящо се от 70% от гръцкото население и 30% от турското население, въпреки че само 18% от турското живее на острова. След турската военна инвазия в Кипър през 1974 г. страната е разделена на две части, като турците започват да живеят предимно на север, а гърците – на юг. Много турци, останали в южната част на страната, продължават периодично да се преместват в северната част на страната или в Турция, а голяма общност от тях се установява в Обединеното кралство. Значителният им отлив от острова се дължи на международното ембарго за Северен Кипър.
Днес по-голямата част от кипърските турци живеят в Северен Кипър (179 000), по-малка част във Великобритания (150 000), а останалата част в Турция (300 000 – 650 000), Австралия (30 000) и САЩ (6000).
WWE 205 Live

WWE 205 На живо, или по-кратко 205 На живо, са кеч серии по WWE Network, продуцирани от WWE, които включват полутежката дивизия на компанията, като всички кечисти са с тегло не повече от 93 кг.
Първият епизод е на 29 ноември 2016 и се излъчва след Разбиване на живо. Говорейки направо, което отначало се излъчва в 22:00 изт.време, се мести в 23:00 изт.време след дебюта на 205 На живо
Шоуто включва някои кечисти, участвали в турнира Полутежката класика, останали пълни членове на полутежката дивизия на WWE. Като описание от директор, продуцент и кечиат на WWE Пол „Трите Хикса“ Левек, програмата е с цел да представя дивизията, отличавайки чувството и стила сравнение с други програми на WWE.
Отначало шоуто Първична сила става дома а дивизията по време на второто разширяване на марките, но след премиерата на 205 На живо, полутежките кечисти се появяват в Първична сила и 205 На живо, както и редки появи в NXT.
В главния мач на премиерата на шоуто на 29 ноември 2016 Рич Суон побеждава Брайън Кендрикът за Титлата в полутежка категория на WWE.
Жереми Доку

Жереми Бафур Доку (роден на 27 май 2002 г.) е белгийски професионален футболист, който играе като дясно крило за клуба от Висшата лига Манчестър Сити и националния отбор на Белгия. Известен със своята скорост, дрибъл и креативност, той е признат за един от най-талантливите млади играчи в света на своята позиция. Понастоящем с националната фланелка има 17 мача и отбелязани 2 попадения.
Доку представлява отбора на Белгия до 17 години на Европейското първенство на УЕФА за младежи до 17 години през 2018 г. С белгийския национален отбор има 2 гола, по един срещу Исландия и Беларус.
Иван Начев

Иван Начев е български политолог, експерт по политическа интеграция на Европейския съюз.
Роден на 11 юни в Каварна. Завършва политология във Философския факултет на Софийския университет през 1993 г. Дипломната му работа е в областта на конституционното основополагане и регулиране на политическия живот. Има второ висше образование по културология. Специализира по европейска интеграция в Центъра за европейски изследвания и Центъра за европейско управление на Университета в Нотингам, Великобритания. Докторската му дисертация е в областта на политическата интеграция на Република България в Европейския съюз.
От 1993 г. е преподавател в Нов български университет, а малко по-късно и в Софийския университет „Св. Климент Охридски“. Интересите му са в областта на политическата теория и практика, европейските интеграционни теории и политически практики. Специалист е в областта на политическата интеграция на Европейския съюз и експерт по въпросите на свободното движение на хора в рамките на Европейския съюз.
Бил е директор на „Български наблюдател“ (списание за политически анализи и прогнози) и главен редактор на вестник Нова политика. Понастоящем е главен редактор на списание „Политически анализи“.
Заместник генерален директор на Фондация „21 век“. Президент на Политически кръг „Мисъл“. Член е на Българската асоциация по политически науки и на Института по публични политики и партньорство.
Бил е директор на магистърска програма „Европейска интеграция“ в НБУ, Ръководител на департамент „Политически науки“ на НБУ от 2012 до 2020 г., член на съвета на департамент „Политически науки“, на Центъра за социални практики и на Центъра за изследване на европейските ценности.
Сътрудник в Център Жан Моне по европейски политики.
Експерт в областта на политическата интеграция на Европейския съюз, интеграцията на България в него, консултант по процесите на усвояване на предприсъединителните инструменти и усвояването на средства по Оперативните програми на Република България.
Директор на магистърска програма по Европейско управление в Нов български университет.
Член е на Асоциацията за европейски изследвания (ECSA).
От 2021 г. е Изпълнителен директор на Българското училище за политика „Димитър Паница“.
Национален програмен директор за България на EVS.
Иван Начев има редица публикации в областта на политическата интеграция на Европейския съюз, изследването на политическите елити и развитието на креативните икономики на страните-членки на ЕС на български, английски, френски и турски език.
Булава

„Булава“ (на руски: Булава, „боздуган“; РСМ-56) балистична ракета за изстрелване от подводници, разработена за Военноморския флот на Русия и инсталирана от 2013 година на новоразработения клас подводници „Борей“. „Булава“ е ключов елемент в съвременнана руска ядрена триада и е най-скъпият оръжеен проект в историята на страната.
Проектът за ракетата „Булава“ започва в края на 90-те години, но се сблъсква с технически проблеми. След 11-ия неуспешен тест на ракетата на 15 юли 2009 г. ръководителят на проекта Юрий Соломонов подава оставка от поста. По-късно през 2009 г. е проведено още едно неуспешно тестване на ракетата. След едногодишно забавяне, проектът е рестартиран и през 2010 – 2011 г. под ръководството на новия ръководител на стратегическия ракетен проект Александър Суходолски са проведени шест последователни изцяло успешни теста – последния залпов огън при зимни условия, под ледената покривка на Бяло море, с цялостно изпълнение на зададените задачи от ракетата и с пълно унищожаване на целите ѝ. Последното пробно и четвърто поред за 2011 г. изстрелване на Булава се провежда в края на декември 2011 г.
Последната жена

„Последната жена“ (на френски: La Dernière femme; на италиански: L'ultima donna) е италианско-френски драматичен филм от 1976 година на режисьора Марко Ферери по сценарий, написан от него в съавторство с Рафаел Аскона. Главните роли се изпълняват от Жерар Депардийо и Орнела Мути.
Инженерът Жерар не се разбира със съпругата си и предпочита да води свободен начин на живот. Той има малък син, за когото предпочита да се грижи сам, като не иска да го даде на своята съпруга, която е феминистка. Той се запознава в детската градина с бавачката Валери. Валери се установява в апартамента на Жерар и те се отдават на любов без ограничения. Детето е свидетел на сексуалните развлечения. Валери е недоволна, че Жерар в секса е загрижен само за себе си и не се старае да задоволява и нейните плътски желания. При една жена майчините инстинкти към детето постепенно се събуждат. Тя става предизвикателно студена в леглото и, посочвайки члена на партньора си, казва: „Без него мъжете сте нищо“. Жерар се опитва да търси утеха в секс с други жени, което само влошава ситуацията. Жерар се решава към отчаяно действие. Той се кастрира с електрически нож.
Аз купувам тази жена

„Аз купувам тази жена“ (на испански: Yo compro esa mujer) е мексиканска теленовела, режисирана от Хорхе Фонс, и продуцирана от Ернесто Алонсо за Телевиса през 1990 г. Адаптация е на едноименната история, създадена от Олга Руилопес. Това е първата теленовела, в която актрисата Лиляна Абуд се изявява като сценарист.
В главните роли са Летисия Калдерон и Едуардо Яниес, а в отрицателните – Енрике Роча, Алма Муриел и Лус Мария Херес.
Началото на 20 век: Монтес де Ока е богато семейство, което се състои от две сестри и един братовчед. Матилде е влюбена в братовчед си, Родриго, но той обича сестра ѝ, Бланка Флор, която от своя страна е влюбена в скромния рибар Енрике Сан Роман. Когато Родриго разбира за чувствата на Бланка Флор, обвинява в кражба Енрике, който е изпратен в затвора, а малко след това научава, че Бланка Флор е бременна от бедния рибар. Матилде, която мрази сестра си заради чувствата, които изпитва Родриго, я заключва в едно мазе и казва на всички, че Бланка Флор е умряла. Всички вярват на лъжата на Матилде. Никой няма контакт с Бланка Флор, освен един слуга, който се грижи за нея. Бланка Флор полудава, защото, след като ражда, бебето ѝ е отнето. За лудостта ѝ допринася и изолацията, на която е подложена. Що се отнася до бебето, Родриго го дава на камериерката Соледад. Тя решава да го спаси и го отвежда в дома на заможен приятел на баща ѝ, който го приема като син и го нарича Алехандро. Алехандро расте и отива в Европа, като знае много добре историята на истинските си родители. Той дори посещава Енрике в затвора. Енрике е на прага на смъртта, а Алехандро се кълне, че един ден ще си отмъсти на Монтес де Ока. Години по-късно Алехандро се завръща в Мексико. Запознава се с Кристина и се влюбва в нея. Тя е дъщерята на Родриго Монтес де Ока, братовчеда на майката на Алехандро. Въпреки обсебващата любов, която Матилде изпитва, Родриго се жени за друга жена, но по-късно остава вдовец. Алехандро и Кристина се кълнат, че ще се оженят в Мексико, но нещата се усложняват, тъй като Родриго притиска дъщеря си да се омъжи за Федерико Торес Ланда, млад и образован мъж, произхождащ от богато семейство.
Част от актьорския състав:
Премиерата на Аз купувам тази жена е на 29 януари 1990 г. по Canal de las Estrellas. Последният 160. епизод е излъчен на 7 септември 1990 г.
Хелен

Хелен е прорицател от древногръцката митология. Участва в Троянската война. Син е на троянския цар Приам и неговата жена – Хекуба и брат близнак на пророчицата Касандра. Наричан е още и Скамандър. Също както сестра си, Хелен винаги предсказва правилно, но за разлика от нея, на него му вярват.
И Хелен, и Касандра се опитват да отклонят Парис от идеята му да отвлече хубавата Елена, тъй като знаят какви бедствия ще донесе този брак на Троя. Хелен неведнъж дава на Хектор съвети, в които той охотно се вслушва.
По време на Троянската война, след смъртта на брат си Парис, Хелен се съревновава с другия си брат Дейфоб за сърцето на хубавата Елена, но тя избира Дейфоб. Недоволен от загубата си, Хелен се оттегля в планината Ида. Прорицателят на гърците Калхант казва, че Хелен знае пророчество, предсказващо падането на Троя. След като научават това, гърците организират отвличането му. Одисей го намира в планината Ида и го пленява. Принуден е да каже на гърците как могат да превземат Троя. Казва им, че могат да победят, ако откраднат троянския Паладиум (свещена статуя), донесат костите на Пелопс в Троя и убедят Неоптолем (сина на Ахил от Дейдамея) и изоставения на остров Лемнос Филоктет (който притежава лъка и стрелите на Херакъл) да се присъединят към гърците във войната.
След края на войната Неоптолем взел Андромаха за жена, а Хелен за роб. Неоптолем и Орест имали стара вражда помежду си, защото Менелай обещал дъщеря си Хермиона на Орест, а после искал тя да се омъжи за Неоптолем. След битка помежду им, Неоптолем е убит. Тогава Хелен се оженил за Андромаха и двамата управлявали Епир до края на живота си.
Синята лампа

„Синята лампа“ е български 10-сериен телевизионен игрален филм (криминален) от 1974 година на режисьорите Мариана Евстатиева-Биолчева, Георги Георгиев (Краят на филма, Танго с Фани), Веселин Вачев (Синият папагал и Рожден ден), по сценарий на Евгени Константинов, Марко Семов (Краят на филма), Богомил Герасимов (Танго с Фани), Иван Славков (Рожден ден, Амфората и Когато маските се свалят). Оператори са Георги Георгиев (Синият папагал), Петко Петков (Рожден ден), Ангел Иванов (Амфората и Когато маските се свалят). Музиката във филма е композирана от Емил Павлов, Кирил Цибулка (Синият папагал). Редактор: Иван Добрев, а художник на филма е Борис Нешев.
БЕЛЛ

БЕЛ (на английски: BELL) е наименование на група страни със сходна икономическа политика и състояние.
Представлява акроним от имената на България, Естония, Латвия, Литва. Съкращението е по подобие на термините БРИКС и ПИГС. Използвана е алюзия чрез игра на думи (на английски: bell = камбана).
Страните от тази група се отличават с фискална стабилност. В свое интервю за БНТ Кристалина Георгиева, еврокомисар за международно сътрудничество, хуманитарна помощ и реакция при кризи, обяснява, че „това са страните, които са много дисциплинирани с финансите си и затова стоят стабилно в Европа“. Според нея, „за да бие камбаната на хубаво, България трябва да се фокусира върху най-сериозния си проблем с безработицата“.
Еврокомисари от България

С присъединяването си към Европейския съюз от 1 януари 2007 г. България получава правото да бъде представена от 1 комисар в Европейската комисия.
Първият мандат на еврокомисар от България (и Румъния) е с продължителност от 1 януари 2007 г. до 31 октомври 2009 г. Меглена Кунева е първият предложен и утвърден еврокомисар от България. Европейският парламент (ЕП) я одобрява за длъжността еврокомисар с 583 гласа „за“, 21 „против“ и 28 „въздържали се“ на 12 декември 2006 г. Тя отговаря за ресора „защита на потребителите“.
За следващия мандат (2010 – 2014) Румяна Желева не събира достатъчно одобрение и България представя нова кандидатура. Кристалина Георгиева е вторият утвърден еврокомисар от България. ЕП я одобрява за поста с 488 гласа „за“, 137 „против“ и 72 „въздържали се“на 9 февруари 2010 г. Тя отговаря за ресора „международно сътрудничество, хуманитарна помощ и реакция при кризи“.
Дилян Млъзев

Дилян Стефанов Млъзев е български политик, кмет на община Елена (1999-2003, 2011-...), избиран от листата на СДС и ГЕРБ. Притежава фирма за информационни и комуникационни технологии.
Дилян е роден на 1 октомври 1969 година. Пада се братовчед на еврокомисар Кристалина Георгиева. Завършил е специалност „Инженер по електроника и автоматика“ в Русенски университет „Ангел Кънчев“, Русе..
От 1999 до 2003 година е кмет на Елена от СДС. През 2003 година се кандидатира за втори мандат, но търпи загуба от Сашо Топалов - кандидат на БСП. През 2011 година е избран за кмет на Елена от партия ГЕРБ.
На местните избори през 2011 година е избран за кмет от листата на ГЕРБ. На първи тур получава 45,97 % а на втори тур печели с 50,16 %. На балотажа отива със Сашо Топалов от БСП, който на първи тур получава 46,11 %.
Dimitar Radev

Dimitar Radev is a Bulgarian economist who since July 14, 2015 has been governor of the Bulgarian National Bank.
Radev was born in Plovdiv and on 12 July 1956. He graduated in Finance and Credit at the University of National and World Economy, and later specialized in Georgetown University's Institute of Foreign Relations, Washington (1994).
In the 1990s, Radev served as a deputy finance minister in charge of budget.
Before his appointment, Radev worked at the International Monetary Fund’s fiscal affairs department.
In a parliamentary selection process including public nominations and hearings, Radev was named one of the candidates to succeed Bulgaria’s central bank governor Ivan Iskrov in 2015, alongside Biser Manolov, Grigorii Vazov and Victor Yotzov. He was nominated by Bulgaria’s ruling GERB party. He was also backed by GERB’s junior partner, the Reformist Bloc. In July 2015, he was appointed for a six-year term.
Vanya Grigorova

Vanya Rumenova Grigorova (Bulgarian: Ваня Руменова Григорова; born 12 September 1978) is a Bulgarian economist, trade unionist, labour activist, and politician. She was an economic counselor to the Confederation of Labour Podkrepa from 2015 to 2023. She unsuccessfully ran for Mayor of Sofia in 2023 and is currently a member of the Sofia City Council.
Born in Sofia, Vanya Grigorova grew up in the capital's Slatina district. She completed her secondary education at the National High School of Commerce and Banking. She holds a Bachelor's and master's degree from the University of National and World Economy, majoring in marketing.
She used to work as a cleaner in a school and as a worker in a fast food chain. Later on she was a researcher at an online research agency, a market expert at a telecom and a consultant at the Bulgarian wing of the Open Society Foundations NGO, where she was involved in projects aiming the integration of the Roma community.
In 2015, she became an economic advisor to the president of the Confederation of Labour Podkrepa. After the announcement of her candidacy for mayor of the capital in the local elections in 2023, she was relieved of her functions in the union.
In the 2019 European Parliament elections, she ran for MEP as an Independent with the slogan "People before profits". She only received 9320 votes (0.4%), therefore not passing the barrier to the European Parliament.
She ran for Mayor of Sofia in the 2023 Bulgarian local elections, and was nominated by a local coalition, which includes the Bulgarian Socialist Party, The Left!, Attack and other smaller parties. The first round of the election took place on 29 October 2023, and Grigorova ended up second with 21.59% of the votes. Grigorova's result was considered a big surprise, as Anton Hekimyan from the GERB—SDS coalition was expected to finish second as per opinion polls. Her result secured a place for her at the second round of the election, where on 5 November she faced PP–DB candidate Vasil Terziev and lost by a narrow margin.
In 2018, Grigorova supported the ratification of the Istanbul Convention in Bulgaria and criticised BSP for their opposition to it in a post on her Facebook page.
2024–25 First Professional Football League (Bulgaria)

The 2024–25 First Professional Football League, also known as efbet League for sponsorship reasons, is the 101st season of the top division of the Bulgarian football league system, the 77th since a league format was adopted for the national competition of A Group as a top tier of the pyramid, and also the 9th season of the First Professional Football League, which decides the Bulgarian champion. The season began on 19 July 2024.
Ludogorets Razgrad are the 13-time defending champions.
As in the last season, 16 teams will compete in the league this year. Two teams were promoted from the 2023–24 Second League, and another place is for the winner of the promotion/relegation playoff.
The first team to earn promotion from the Second League was Spartak Varna, who mathematically secured a top two finish after Marek lost to Sportist Svoge on 3 May. Spartak return to the top level after 1-year absence.
The second team to earn promotion from the Second League was Septemvri Sofia, who mathematically secured a top two finish after winning against Chernomorets Balchik on the last matchday of the season. Septemvri return to the top level also after a 1-year absence.
Additionally, Botev Vratsa managed to defeat Marek with a score of 4–2 after penalties in the promotion/relegation playoff, thus remaining in the First League.
Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players and managers may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Individual clubs may wear jerseys with advertising. However, only one sponsorship is permitted per jersey for official tournaments organised by UEFA in addition to that of the kit manufacturer (exceptions are made for non-profit organisations). Clubs in the domestic league can have more than one sponsorship per jersey which can feature on the front of the shirt, incorporated with the main sponsor or in place of it; or on the back, either below the squad number or on the collar area. Shorts also have space available for advertisement.
অম্বল

অম্বল বা টক পশ্চিমবঙ্গের একপ্রকার জনপ্রিয় ব্যঞ্জন। অম্বল সাধারণত টক স্বাদের হয়। যেকোনো টক স্বাদের ফল সেদ্ধ করে তাতে সামান্য মিষ্টি মিশিয়ে অম্বল রান্না করা হয়। মরসুমি আনাজ ও মাছের অম্বল ভীষণ জনপ্রিয়।
মাছের অম্বলের চল প্রাচীন কাল থেকেই রয়েছে। মধ্যযুগেও বর্তমানের জনপ্রিয় অম্বল পদ 'আম-শোল' প্রচলিত ছিল। পঞ্চদশ শতাব্দীর দ্বিতীয়ার্ধে কবি বিজয়গুপ্ত রচিত 'মনসামঙ্গল '-এ অম্বলের উল্লেখ পাওয়া যায়। কবি লিখেছেন, 'একে একে যত ব্যঞ্জন রান্ধিল সকল। শৌল মৎস্য দিয়া রান্ধে আমের অম্বল।' ষোড়শ শতাব্দীর দ্বিতীয়ার্ধে কবিকঙ্কণ মুকুন্দরাম চক্রবর্তী 'চন্ডীমঙ্গল'-এ খুল্লনার রান্নার পারিপাট্য বর্ণনা করার সময় অম্বল রান্নার উল্লেখ করেছেন। 'আম্রে শউল মীন/খর লুন দিয়া ঘন কাটি।' জোড়াসাঁকোর ঠাকুরবাড়িতে পয়লা বৈশাখের দিন পাঁঠার হাড়ের অম্বল রান্না হত। দ্বিজেন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুরের প্রিয় খাবার ছিল পাঁঠার হাড়ের অম্বল। 'গুম্ফ-আক্রমণ' কাব্যে তিনি লিখেছেন, 'বৃহৎ রূপার থালে/পাচক ব্রাহ্মণ ঢালে/মাংসের পোলাও গাদা গাদা/কি গুণ পাঁঠার হাড়ে/অম্বলের তার বাড়ে/কে বুঝিবে ইহার মর্যাদা।'
অম্বলের প্রধান উপাদান টকজাতীয় ফল। সাধারণত কাঁচা আম, আমড়া, কাঁচা বা পাকা তেঁতুল, কুল, করমচা, চালতা, জলপাই, টকপালং বা টমেটো ব্যবহার করা হয়। নিরামিষ অম্বলে আনাজ হিসেবে মুলো, বেগুন, বড়ি ইত্যাদি ব্যবহার করা হয়। এছাড়াও লাউ, শশা, পোস্ত বা ছানা ব্যবহার করা হয়। মাছের মধ্যে সাধারণত চুনো মাছ, ফলুই, ল্যাটা, ছোট চিংড়ি বা পোনা মাছের অম্বল রান্না হয়ে থাকে।
সুতি কাবাব

সুতি কাবাব বা সুতলি কাবাব হলো বাংলাদেশের পুরান ঢাকার চকবাজারে উৎপন্ন বিখ্যাত একটি কাবাব। এই কাবাব প্রস্তুত করা হয় গরুর মাংস বা খাসির মাংসের কিমা এবং বিভিন্ন রকমের মসলা থেকে। পুরান ঢাকা ছাড়িয়ে এখন সমগ্র বাংলাদেশেই জনপ্রিয় হয়ে উঠেছে এ কাবাব। কাবাবের সব ধরনের সংস্করণের মাঝে ঢাকাইয়াদের নিকট সুতি কাবাব সর্বাধিক জনপ্রিয়।
অঞ্চলভেদে, সুতি কাবাবের প্রণালীতে কিছু পার্থক্য পরিলক্ষিত হতে পারে। যেমন ঐতিহ্যগত ভাবেই এই কাবাব প্রধানত গরুর মাংস দিয়ে তৈরির পাশাপাশি খাসির মাংস দিয়েও করা হয়, তবে যেসব অঞ্চলে গরুর মাংস খাওয়া হয় না সেখানে প্রধানত খাসির মাংস দিয়েই সুতি কাবাব তৈরি হয়।
বর্তমানে বাংলাদেশের বিভিন্ন শহরে সুতি কাবাব পথ খাবার হিসেবে খাওয়া হয় তবে রমজানের সময়ে ইফতারের অনুষঙ্গ হিসেবেও এটি বহুল জনপ্রিয়। বিশেষত মুসলমানের ধর্মীয় উৎসব ঈদ উল-ফিতর এবং ঈদ উল-আযহার খাবারের তালিকায় সুতি কাবাব খুবই জনপ্রিয়। ভারতের কলকাতা এবং দিল্লীতেও সুতি কাবাবের ব্যাপক জনপ্রিয়তা রয়েছে।
সুতি কাবাবকে মুড়ি, পরোটা, নান রুটি বা আটার রুটির সাথে পরিবেশন করা এবং খাওয়া যায়। চকবাজারের আরেক ঐতিহ্যবাহী খাবার বড় বাপের পোলায় খায় এর উপকরণ হিসেবেও ব্যবহৃত হয় সুতি কাবাব।
সুতি কাবাবের নামকরণ হয়েছে এর রন্ধনপ্রণালী থেকে। এই কাবাবে ব্যবহৃত মাংস হাড়বিহীন ও খুবই পাতলা হওয়ায় রান্না হওয়ার সময় পড়ে যাওয়ার সম্ভাবনা থাকে। তাই মাংস যাতে পড়ে না যায় সেহেতু মাংসকে শিকের সাথে সুতা বা সুতলি দিয়ে বাঁধা হয়। সুতা ব্যবহারের ফলে এর নাম সুতি কাবাব, সুতা কাবাব, সুতলি কাবাব হয়েছে। এছাড়াও পূর্বে এটিকে বাসনা কাবাব নামেও ডাকা হতো।
মুঘল বাংলার সর্বপ্রথম রাজধানী ঢাকার খাবার-দাবারে মুঘল রন্ধনশৈলীর ব্যাপক প্রভাব রয়েছে। যার ফলস্বরূপ কাবাবের একটি ঢাকাইয়া সংস্করণ সুতি কাবাবের উৎপত্তি ঘটে বাংলাদেশের পুরান ঢাকার চকবাজারে, যেটি ঢাকা শহরের সবচেয়ে জনপ্রিয় ও ঐতিহ্যবাহী খাবার কেন্দ্র। ঢাকার নবাবদের আমলে জুম্মন রুটিওয়ালা নামক এক ব্যক্তি ঢাকাইয়াদের নিকট কাবাবের সবচেয়ে জনপ্রিয় এ সংস্করণটি উদ্ভাবন করেন।
সুতি কাবাবের জন্য গরু বা খাসির মাংসের মিহি কিমা এবং চর্বি ও হাড় বিহীন মাংসের পাতলা টুকরা প্রয়োজন হয়। এছাড়া অন্যান্য উপকরণের মধ্যে রয়েছে বেসন, বুটের ডাল এবং বিভিন্ন ধরনের মসলা যেমন পেঁয়াজ, কাঁচা মরিচ, ধনেপাতা, টেস্টিং সল্ট, আদা, ডিম, রসুন, লবণ, লাল মরিচের গুঁড়া, কাবাব মসলা, দই, সাদা সরিষা, বাদাম বাটা, পোস্ত বাটা, পেপেঁ বাটা, তেল ইত্যাদি।
মাংসের কিমার সাথে সকল প্রকার মসলা ভালো করে মাখিয়ে কিছুক্ষণ রেখে দেয়া হয়। চর্বি ও হাড় ছাড়া মাংস পাতলা টুকরা করে সামান্য থেঁতলে নেয়া হয় যাতে করে সেগুলো চওড়া ও নরম হয়ে যায় এবং এ টুকরাগুলোর সাথেও সকল প্রকার মসলা মিশিয়ে নিয়ে কিছুক্ষণ রেখে দেয়া হয়। পরে শিকের মধ্যে মাংসের কিমা ও পাতলা টুকরা পর্যায়ক্রমে দিয়ে সুতা দিয়ে পেঁচিয়ে বেঁধে নেয়া হয়।
চাল

চাল বা চাউল হলো ধানের শস্যল অংশ। ধান থেকে চাল উৎপাদন করা হয়। পরিমিত পানিতে চাল ফুটিয়ে ভাত রান্না করা হয়, যা ভারত , বাংলাদেশ ও পাকিস্তানসহ বিশ্বের অনেক দেশের প্রধান খাদ্যশস্য।
ঢেঁকি ব্যবহার করে ধান ভেঙ্গে এই ঢেঁকি ছাঁটা চাল তৈরি কর হয়।
ধান সিদ্ধ করে শুকিয়ে যে ধান ভাংগানো হয়,সেই চাল কে সিদ্ধ চাল বলে। বাজার ব্যবস্থায় এই চাল আমরা ক্রয় করে থাকি।
ধান রোদে শুকিয়ে,স্বেদ্ধ না করে যে ধান থেকে চাল প্রস্তত করা হয় তাকে আতপ চাল বলা হয়। মূলত এই চাল প্রস্তত এর উদ্দেশ্য হল আমাদের বাংলা সংস্কৃতির অংশ হিসেবে পালা পার্বণে,নবান্নে বিভিন্ন পিঠা পুলী তৈরীতে এই চালের ব্যাবহার হয়ে থাকে।
ধানের ভ্রুণ: চালের এক প্রান্তে আলগা ভাবে লেগে থাকা সাদা টুকরো। ভাংগা চাল, অর্ধেক বা পুরো কালো চাল [মরা চাল], চাল ঝেরে পরিষ্কার করার পর অবশিষ্ট চাল এগুলোকে বলে খুদ।
শুকনো: মুড়ি, খই, চালভাজা, চিড়া
সিদ্ধ: ভাত, পায়েস, ক্ষীর, ফিরণি, জর্দা, ইড়ি আপ্পম (মালয়ালি খাবার)
ভাজা: পোলাও, বিরিয়ানি
Pazuki, Arman & Sohani, Mehdi (২০১৩)। "Phenotypic evaluation of scutellum-derived calluses in 'Indica' rice cultivars" (PDF)। Acta Agriculturae Slovenica। 101 (2): 239–247। ডিওআই:10.2478/acas-2013-0020। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ফেব্রুয়ারি ২, ২০১৪।