Zimwe mu nyamaswa ziri kuzimira

Kuva Isi yaremwa habayeho inyamaswa nyinshi zitandukanye, zimwe muri iki gihe ntitwigeze tuzimenya cyangwa tuzibona, ibi mu myaka yabanje byaterwaga cyane n’ibiza ariko muri iki gihe biterwa n’ibikorwa bya muntu.
Twabishaka tutabishaka ibikorwa bya muntu bigira ingaruka ku isi yose, nibyo biri gutwara isi mu cyerekezo iri kujyamo, ibyo bikorwa ni byo biri gutuma inyamaswa zimwe na zimwe zizimira.
Muri ibyo bikorwa bya muntu bigira ingaruka ku nyamanswa harimo imihindagurikire y’ikirere, kwangiza indiri y’inyamaswa zimwe ndetse no kuzihiga bikabije mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko.
Umuryango urengera Ibidukikije (IUCN), ufite inyamaswa zishyirwa ku rutonde rw’umutuku ‘red list’, uru rutonde ruba ruriho inyamaswa ziri kuzimira, rukorwa hagamijwe gukangurira abantu kubungabunga Ibidukikije.
Inkura yo mu bwoko bwa Javan ni yo yibasirwa cyane mu muryango wazo, iyi nyamaswa ikunze cyane guhigwa kubera imiterere y’amahembe yayo akoreshwa mu buvuzi gakondo muri Aziya no mu mitako iboneka hirya no hino ku isi.
Muri 2012 hari hasigaye izi nyamaswa 29 muri Indonesia.
Urutarangwe ni inyamaswa yihuta cyane kurusha izindi ku isi, Urutarangwe ruri mu kaga gakomeye kuko ruri mu nyamaswa ziri kuzimira. Umuryango urengera Ibidukikije (IUCN), washyize iyi nyamaswa ku rutonde rw’inyamaswa zikwiriye kwitabwaho cyane.
Iyi nyamaswa igaragara ku mugabane wa Afurika hafi ya hose no mu bice bimwe na bimwe bya Aziya. Ubu ku isi hose hasigaye inyamaswa z’ubu bwoko 7,000.
Umubare w’ibisamagwe ku isi wagabanutseho 60% cyane kubera ibikorwa byo kuzihiga kubera impamvu zitandukanye kuko zishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora imiti n’ibindi.
Iyi nyamaswa yabuze 95% by’ubutaka yaturagaho. Indiri yazo yarangijwe cyane kubera gutema ibiti, kwigarurira ubutaka bugakoreshwa n’inganda, kubaka imihanda n’ibindi bikorwa bya Muntu.
Ubu ku isi hasigaye ubu bwoko bw’inyamaswa zitageze kuri 3,900.
Red Tuna ni ubwoko bw’ifi bushakishwa cyane kugirango buribwe mu bwoko bw’indyo yitwa ‘sushi’, umubare wazo wagabanutseho 85% kubera kuzihiga bikabije cyane ko ziba zishakishwa cyane ku isoko.
Hashyizweho ingamba zo kurinda ubu bwoko bw’ifi ariko ziri gukomeza zigabanuka cyane ku buryo mu myaka iri imbere ubu bwoko bw’ifi buzaba bwarazimiye.
Ahanini ubu bwoko bw’inyamaswa bwibasiwe n’ibikorwa bya muntu harimo gutema amashyamba zibamo bityo bikangiriza indiri zayo. Zikunze guhigwa cyane kubera amahembe yazo akoreshwa mu mitako, imiti n’ibindi bikoresho.
Kugeza ubu gucuruza amahembe y’inzovu birabujijwe, ariko biracyakorwa ku isoko ritemewe n’amategeko [mu buryo bwa magendu].
Mu nyamaswa zibasiwe cyane n’imihangurikire y’ikirere ubu bwoko bw’idubu burimo. Indiri yazo yangirijwe cyane n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere kuko hagenda hashonga kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi bituma izi nyamanswa zitakaza indiri yazo, ndetse rimwe na rimwe bikagorana kubona ibiryo kubera intera ndende bisaba yo koga.
Nk’uko ikigega mpuzamahanga cyita ku bidukikije (WWF) kibitangaza, ngo ubu bwoko bushobora kuzimira mu kinyejana cya 22.
Ubushakashatsi buvuga ko Ingagi zo mu misozi miremire zishobora kuzazimira vuba. Ubu ziboneka gusa mu Rwanda, Uganda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Ubu bwoko bw’ingagi buhura n’ingaruka zo gutema ibiti ndetse no kuzihiga. Abashinzwe kurinda parike barenga 190 biciwe muri parike y’igihugu ya Virunga, aho izi nyamaswa zituye, byerekana uburyo kubungabunga ubuzima bwazo bigoranye cyane.
Giraffe bakunda kwita [agasumbashyamba], ni imwe mu nyamaswa nziza zifite uburanga zituye isi yacu, Giraffe zikunze kugaragara cyane muri Afurika ariko nazo ziri ku rutonde rw’inyamswa zishobora kuzimira mu myaka iri imbere.
Zikunda kwibasirwa no guhigwa mu buryo butemewe no gusenya indiri yazo, ibi byatumye iyi nyamaswa ifite ijosi rirerire iba muri zimwe zishobora kuzimira, kugeza ubu umubare wazo wagabunyetso 40% kuva mu 1985.
Kugeza ubu hari Giraffe zitageze ku bihumbi ijana ku isi yose.
Izi nyamaswa zigaragara muri Borneo na Sumatra ibirwa biri mu majyepfo ya Aziya.
Guhiga, kuzigurisha nk’inyamaswa zitungwa n’abantu ndetse n’inganda zikora amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa Palm oil, nibyo biri gutuma izi nyamanswa zigenda zizimira.
Ubwoko bw’inyamaswa zo mu nyanja ziri mu kaga gakomeye ko kuzimira hamwe n’izindi nyamanswa zo mu muryango umwe.
Nubwo zikurura ubukerarugendo, uburyo bubi bwo kuroba, kwanduza amazi, kuzihiga kubera ibikono byazo, inyama cyangwa amagi yazo biri mu bituma izi nyamaswa ziri kuzimira.
Inyamaswa ziri mu binyabuzima bigize isi, kugenda zizimira bigira ingaruka ku bantu kuko inyamaswa zifite inshingano mu rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ibi byose bifatikanyiriza hamwe kugira ngo ubuzima ku isi bushoboke.
Ingaruka zo kuzimira kw’inyamaswa ziri ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima bityo bikagira ingaruka ku bantu. Ikiremwa muntu nicyo kiri kwangiza isi cyane.