davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Christian Latin literature

Christian Latin literature has a long history with its foundations being laid during the 4th and 5th centuries. They included the church fathers Augustine of Hippo, Jerome, and Ambrose, and the Christian poet, Prudentius.
The earliest language of the Christian Church was koine Greek, which was the language of the Eastern Roman empire in the 1st century AD. However, as Christianity spread through other parts of the Roman empire where Latin was used, a growing body of Latin literature was produced.
The earliest Latin Christian writings were translations of portions of the Bible. These have not been preserved, but are cited by Tertullian and Novatian in Rome. A distinction is made between ‘North African’ and ‘European’ translations on the basis of differences which appear in the authors from the respective locales.
Until the end of the 3rd century, the main genre was apologetics (justifications of Christianity), by writers such as Minucius Felix, Tertullian, Arnobius, and Lactantius. St Jerome translated the Bible into Latin in the 4th century, producing an edition known as the Vulgate. This led to the increased use of Latin by the Church Fathers of the 4th century, including Ambrose, and St Augustine of Hippo. Much of what they wrote was concerned with the theological controversies of the time, such as Arianism.
For a long time there was an idea of opposition between Christian documents and other Profane (religion) literature and some Christians were encouraged to study the Bible alone and ‘give up the idle talk of the school’. Others, such as Augustine and Ambrose, encouraged the use of non-Biblical literature as a means to understanding God better.
Other forms of literature were blossoming, with the emergence of Commodian, the first Christian poet.
In the Middle Ages, Latin was still the main language for literature in Western Europe. Plays written in Latin were often part of medieval Easter celebrations, and there were other forms of drama in Latin. Latin was also used for religious lyric poetry and epic verse such as Walafrid Strabo's 9th-century "De visionibus Wettini" (a predecessor of Dante's vernacular Divine Comedy), while Jesuits such as Jakob Masen (author of Sarcotis, a probable influence on Milton's Paradise Lost) also produced Latin epic verse as late as the 17th century. Summa Theologica, is the best-known work of Thomas Aquinas, was written in Latin.
Jesuit poet Diego José Abad wrote the didactic, humanist religious poem De Deo heroica carmina (1769-1780), which was begun in Mexico and finished in Italy. It is written in Latin hexameter, in a strong style. It is divided into two parts, a Summa theologica and a life of Christ.
CIC Cultural Institution

The Cultural Institution of the Center of Catholic Influence (ICCIC) is an educational institution at the service of Catalan society.
The ICCIC was founded in 1952 in Sant Gervasi in Barcelona by the teacher Maria Rosa Farré Escofet as an offshoot of the Centre for Women's Catholic Influence [ca] (CICF). Its aim was to introduce women into the cultural ethnography of those years and start projects related to their cultural and religious identities. During the years of the Franco dictatorship (1939–1975), the ICCIC and its parent association CICF carried out a task of conservation and dissemination of the Catalan culture while being part of a broad cultural resistance movement. It was the first training school for Catalan teachers. The first concerts of what would become the Nova Cançó were organised there with the group Els Setze Jutges.
The institution, throughout these years, has been adapting to the demands of the current period and the needs of society. Its schools offer all educational stages of the regulated education system from pre-school to higher education. In the field of non-regulated education, it organises foreign language courses, music education, training for companies, language learning abroad, summer camps and other educational and cultural activities.
The CIC Cultural Institution is a private foundation that has been awarded the Creu de Sant Jordi by Generalitat de Catalunya. Its founder and director Maria Rosa Farré and its pedagogical director Joan Triadú also received this distinction.
Among the notable alumni of the institute are politician Max Cahner and photographer Manel Armengol.
The ICCIC has a number of different institutes:
Spanish Benevolent Society

La Nacional is a cultural institution founded by Spaniards to serve the Spanish community in the New York area. The Society is the oldest Spanish cultural Institution in the United States.
Many prominent Spanish artists, expatriates, immigrants, and personalities have lived at the society as resident artists during the more than 150 years of its existence, like Picasso, Dalí, Buñuel, or Federico García Lorca. In 2010 Spanish American filmmaker and writer Artur Balder, who lived in the building as resident artist for more than one year, created the documentary Little Spain, displaying for first time the untold history of this society. The archive contains more than 450 photographs and 150 documents that have never been publicly displayed. They present the history of the streets of Little Spain in New York City throughout the 20th Century.
Since its founding in 1868 the primary objective of the Centro Español – Spanish Benevolent Society is to "promote, encourage and spread the spirit of fraternity and solidarity among Spanish and Hispanic-American residents of this country.”
In those early years, the Society served as an essential support system for Spaniards immigrating to the United States – providing food and shelter; tending to their health care needs; arranging afterlife services; and acting as their de facto home away from home in New York.
The Spanish Benevolent Society is an American not-for-profit, 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, charitable organization. The Society and building on 14th street are member-owned and receives our support from membership and corporate partnerships.
Carlos Zurita, Duke of Soria

Carlos Emilio Juan Zurita y Delgado, Duke of Soria and Hernani (born 9 October 1943 in Antequera), is a Spanish physician and the husband of Infanta Margarita, Duchess of Soria. He is a brother-in-law of King Juan Carlos I and the uncle of the current Spanish king, Felipe VI.
He was born to aristocrats Carlos Zurita y González-Vidalte and wife María del Carmen Delgado y Fernández de Santaella in Antequera, Málaga, Spain.
The Duke of Soria is a retired medical doctor, as his father, and was a specialist in the respiratory and circulatory system. He studied at the medical faculty of the University of Seville, where he obtained a licentiate in medicine with accompanying award "Premio Extraordinario de Licenciatura" for extraordinary merit in 1967. He received his doctorate with a scholarship at the Spanish College in Bologna, Italy. In 1971, the duke gained the position of teacher service manager of the Spanish National College of the Thorax Illness.
He married Infanta Margarita, on 12 October 1972 in Estoril at St. Anthony's Church. They have two children:
In 1989, the Duke and the Duchess of Soria created the Fundación Cultural Duques de Soria (The Duke and Duchess of Soria Cultural Foundation), its objective is to stimulate the Spanish language and culture. The Foundation cooperates with universities and Spanish cultural institutions to contribute to the cultural and scientific development in Spain.
The Duke of Soria is President of the Spanish Federation of the Museums Friends Associations and President of the Friends of Prado Museum Foundation. He is also a member of the Spanish Royal Academy of Medicine.
In 2003, the Duke and Duchess of Soria were awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of Alfonso X the Wise for their work in promoting science and culture.
In 2013, Queen Sofia presided over an act of homage to Carlos, for his 25 years at the head of the Friends of the Prado Museum Foundation. The event was attended by his wife, the Infanta Margarita, and his two children, Alfonso and María.
In 2003, the Duke and Duchess of Soria were appointed Grand Cross of the Order of Alfonso X the Wise of Spain.
Sewanee Writers' Conference

The Sewanee Writers' Conference is a writers' conference held every summer on the campus of the University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee. The conference was started in 1989 by founding director Wyatt Prunty and the current director is Leah Stewart. The conference is funded largely by an endowment from the estate of acclaimed American playwright Tennessee Williams. The conference takes place over twelve days, during which participants attend writing workshops, readings, panel presentations, lectures on the craft of poetry, fiction, and playwriting, and numerous social gatherings.
Admission to the conference is competitive and is decided through a formal application process. All applicants who are accepted to the conference have a portion of their expenses underwritten by the estate of Tennessee Williams.
Poets, non-fiction, and fiction writers who have published at least one full-length book, whether through a legitimate small press or a major publishing house, are eligible to apply for a limited number of fellowships to cover all tuition, room, and board for the conference. Poets, non-fiction, and fiction writers with a record of publication in periodicals are eligible to apply for scholarships (also limited in number) to cover conference tuition. Playwrights are also eligible for these awards if their work has seen production, either professional or amateur. Publication or production is not required for general admission to the conference.
The faculty of the Sewanee Writers' Conference has included poets, fiction writers, nonfiction writers, and playwrights such as Daniel Anderson, Richard Bausch, Venita Blackburn, John Casey, Jaquira Díaz, Claudia Emerson, Daisy Foote, B.H. Fairchild, Debora Greger, Barry Hannah, Robert Hass, Beth Henley, Vanessa Hua, Andrew Hudgins, Mark Jarman, Donald Justice, Randall Kenan, Katie Kitamura, Margot Livesey, William Logan, Maurice Manning, Charles Martin, Alex Marzano-Lesnevich, Claire Messud, Jill McCorkle, Alice McDermott, Erin McGraw, Dan O'Brien, Elena Passarello, Carl Phillips, Aisha Sabatini Sloan, Mary Jo Salter, Christine Schutt, Dave Smith, A.E. Stallings, Mark Strand, Mona Van Duyn, Sidney Wade, Richard Wilbur, Steve Yarbrough, and many others.
Current and former conference staff members include current director Leah Stewart, Caki Wilkinson, Megan Roberts, Adam Latham, Gwen E. Kirby, Amy Arthur, Erica Dawson, Samuel Fox, Juliana Gray, Ananda Lima, Daniel Groves, Jonathan Bohr Heinen, Hastings Hensel, Carrie Jerrell, Jake Ricafrente, Kate Jayroe, Norris Eppes, and Adam Vines.
2024–25 United States network television schedule

The 2024–25 network television schedule for the five major English-language commercial broadcast networks in the United States covers the prime time hours from September 2024 to August 2025. The schedule is followed by a list per network of returning series, new series, and series canceled after the 2023–24 television season.
CBS was the first to announce its initial fall schedule on May 2, 2024 via press release (without an upfront presentation). This was followed by NBC on May 10 (with its upfront presentation at 10:30 a.m. Eastern Time on May 13), Fox on May 13 (with its upfront presentation at 4 p.m. that day), ABC on May 14 (with its upfront presentation at 4 p.m. the same day), and The CW on May 16 (without an upfront presentation).
PBS is not included, as member television stations have local flexibility over most of their schedule and broadcast times for network shows may vary. Ion Television and MyNetworkTV are also not included since both networks' schedules feature syndicated reruns (with limited original programming on the latter).
Each of the 30 highest-rated shows releasing in May 2025 will be listed with its rank and rating as determined by Nielsen Media Research.
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Pattern Languages of Programs

Pattern Languages of Programs is a group of annual conferences sponsored by The Hillside Group. The purpose of these conferences is to develop and refine the art of software design patterns. Most of the effort focuses on developing a textual presentation of a pattern such that it becomes easy to understand and apply. This is typically done in a writers' workshop setting.
The flagship conference is called the Pattern Languages of Programs conference, abbreviated as PLoP. PLoP has been held in the U.S.A. since 1994. Until 2004 it was held annually at Allerton Park in Monticello, Illinois, a property of the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign. Since then, its location has alternated between Allerton park and being co-located with OOPSLA, a large computer science conference, with the Agile Conference in 2009, and with PUARL in 2018. The 27th PLoP will be held in Keystone, Colorado.
Notable people who chaired the conference in the past include Ward Cunningham, Richard Gabriel, Ralph Johnson, John Vlissides and Kent Beck.
PLoP (and several other Pattern Languages of Programs conferences) are sponsored by The Hillside Group, a U.S.-based non-profit organization that holds the PLoP trademark and the rights to the conference.
AsianPLoP is the PLoP event for the Asian community, commonly featuring patterns in both English and Japanese language.
ChiliPLoP is an annual conference featuring "hot topics" of the PLoP community. It is held in the U.S. since 1998.
Held since 1996 in Kloster Irsee, Germany (former monastery, now Swabian Conference and Education Centre).
Held in Australia or New Zealand.
MensorePLoP '2001, held on the island of Okinawa, Japan.
MiniPLoP'2011, held in IME/USP, São Paulo, Brazil.
SugarLoafPLoP, held in Brazil.
VikingPLoP, held mostly in the Scandinavian countries, but also moving around in Europe.
The conference proceedings are typically published locally as technical reports of a sponsoring university. From 1998 to 2007, EuroPLoP papers were published annually by the German publisher Universitätsverlag Konstanz.
Between 2008 and 2012 proceedings appeared in several places. CEUR-WS holds papers for 2008 and papers for 2009 (in addition a complete set of 2009 papers are available from Lulu.com in printed and PDF formats). A printed version of EuroPLoP 2012 papers are also available on Lulu.com.
Since 2012 a subset of EuroPLoP papers have been submitted to the ACM Digital Library.
After the conference, authors are given the chance to submit a revised paper for publication in the book series Pattern Languages of Program Design by Addison Wesley.
In 2007, an academic journal was started, called Transactions on Pattern Languages of Programming. The editors-in-chief are James Noble and Ralph Johnson and the European editor is Uwe Zdun. The journal is published by Springer-Verlag.
List of Fame (1982 TV series) episodes

Fame is an American musical drama television series which premiered on NBC on January 7, 1982. The series is based on the 1980 film of the same name. In 1983, the series entered syndication, for which it remained until its conclusion in 1987. Six seasons and 136 episodes have been aired.
The series is available on DVD. Season One was released by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment on November 1, 2005 and is now out of print. 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment acquired the rights to release the series under license from MGM and released Seasons One & Two in a box set on September 15, 2009. Both releases were made available as individual sets on January 12, 2010 via 20th Century Fox. As of yet, there have been no plans to release the remaining seasons.
The following are a list of episodes.
Open Cultural Center

The Open Cultural Center (OCC) is a non-governmental organisation (NGO) that works towards the inclusion of refugees. The organisation is mostly run by volunteers and operates in Greece by organising cultural and educational projects. Their main office is based in Barcelona, Spain.
OCC emerged by the cooperation of independent volunteers who met in refugee camps in Greece in 2016. These volunteers first established the Idomeni Cultural Center (ICC) in the Greek refugee camp of Idomeni. The volunteers now moved to the refugee camps in Sounio and Cherso to further develop their project. However, military security did not allow independent persons to enter the camps, so they constituted 'Cultural Centers' nearby the refugee camps where the focus was to offer education to children, and later also to offer language classes for adults. At was at this time that they established the main office in Barcelona, Spain, as the main founders were Catalan. When the Cherso camp closed down in the winter, and the refugees were temporarily relocated in houses, the organisation decided to open a Cultural Center near the camp of Polykastro, in the North of Greece. This center is still open.
While at first the focus was mainly on offering education for children and language classes to adults in order to help with integration, the centers also started to organise recreational activities such as music, drawing and sports. The main goal of these activities was to offer stress-relief for the people staying in the refugee camps.
In Spain, OCC focuses on outreach work, awareness creation and cultural exchange projects in Spain. These projects are carried out from an artistic, educational and linguistic perspective.
One of the projects of OCC is 'My Friend', a book with drawings and testimonies of children in the refugee camps.
This project in Spain includes workshops that are adapted to different ages, and which explain the origin of the war in Syria.
OCC has organised several art exhibitions, such as an art exhibition made by refugee children, and a photographic exhibition showing the daily life in a refugee camp in Greece.
Varun Grover (writer)

Varun Grover (born 26 January 1980) is an Indian lyricist, writer, stand-up comedian and filmmaker. He won the award for Best Lyricist at the 63rd National Film Awards in 2015. He co-created the political satire group Aisi Taisi Democracy, and his debut film, All India Rank, closed the 52nd Rotterdam International Film Festival, in 2023. Grover also performs stand-up comedy, writes poetry and acts.
Grover was born in Sundernagar, Himachal Pradesh, to a school-teacher mother and army engineer father, and belongs to a Punjabi Hindu family. His paternal grandfather originally lived in Faisalabad, a city in the Punjab Province of British India. After the partition of India, Faisalabad became a part of the West Punjab province of Pakistan, due to which he moved to Jagadhri in present-day Haryana, where he settled and eventually started a business of sign painting for shops. In the early 1950s, a cinema hall opened in Jagadhri wherein he went on to design posters for the hall. He instructed his two elder sons, Varun's uncles and his father's brothers, to also make such posters. This led the family to gain an interest in watching movies, many of which they watched at the same cinema hall, in which Varun's grandfather also took his father. Varun accredits this for his interest in films, as he "inherited the same addiction from [his] father". Varun spent his initial years in Dehradun, Uttarakhand and Sundernagar, before moving to Lucknow for his adolescent years. He studied civil engineering at Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, graduating in 2003.
In 2017, Varun Grover released Beete Dino Ke Geet, a song in collaboration with US-based producer Krishna Chetan.
Bro-Dreger

Bro-Dreger pe Treger (e galleg : Trégor pe Trégor(r)ois pe Tréguier) a zo unan eus nav bro diazez Breizh, hag a glot dre-vras gant an nav eskopti a oa bet e Breizh betek an Dispac'h Gall, war-bouez un dek parrez bennak eus Bro-Dreger hag a oa stag ouzh eskopti Dol. Koshoc'h eo ar vro eget an departamantoù, a zo bet savet e 1790.
E Gwalarn Breizh emañ Treger. Hiziv ec'h endalc'h e diriad lodenn Gornôg departamant Aodoù-an-Arvor hag ur bastellig-vro e biz departamant Penn-ar-Bed ("Treger Izel"). Teir dourredenn a yae d'ober an harzoù anezhi,
A gornôg da reter:
A-hend-all, ouzhpenn Treger Izel, etre Kefleud ha Leger, e komzer ivez eus
Bevennet eo Bro-Dreger, er c'hreisteiz, gant Menez Are, eus eienenn ar C'hefleud da hini al Leñv (Kerchouan).
Ar menezioù se a ra an disparti gant Bro-Gernev.
Dont a rafe an anv eus Tri+*kor = Tri bagad.
Gwelout breutadenn war bajenn Landreger.
Diazezer an eskopti a zo bet, hervez an hengoun, sant Tudwal (Tugdual dre fazi), anvet ivez Pabu (Tad). P'eo unan eus ar seiz sant diazezer Breizh e oa Landreger war hent ar birc'hinrided a rae Tro Breizh. Bevañ a rae sant Tudwal er VI kantved hag eus Kembre e oa deuet. Roet e vije bet, gant e eontr Riwal, roue Domnonea, pe gant e genderv Derrog, un tamm douar evit ma vije savet un abati, hini Landreger. Daoust ma vije bet dilennet sant Tudwal da eskob e 532, ne gaver ket roud eus an eskopti a-raok an X kantved. Er XIII kantved e tap sant Erwan, barner-Iliz ha person, ganet er Vinic'hi, e-kichen Landreger, ur vrud a santelezh ken buan m'eo santelaet daou-ugent vloaz goude e varv e 1303.
An eskob a zo staliet e Sant-Brieg bremañ a zo eskob Sant-Brieg ha Landreger diouzh e ditl ofisiel.
127 kumun a-vremañ a ya d'ober Bro-Dreger istorel.
Hervez niveradeg 2010 e oa 205 023 annezad hag ur gorread a 2 251 km². Lannuon, Montroulez (glann dehou) ha Gwengamp eo ar c'hêrioù pennañ.
Emañ Bro-Dreger e Breizh-Izel evit an darn vrasañ ha komzet e veze brezhoneg eno. N'eus nemet e daou barez e gevred ar vro e-lec'h e veze komzet gallaoueg.
E distro-skol 2024 e oa enskrivet er skol Diwan hag er c'hlasoù divyezhek 766 skoliad (11,3 % eus skolidi ar vro evit a sell ouzh ar c'hentañ derez).
Koef Treger, an doukenn, a veze kavet e-maez Treger a-wechoù, evel e kanton Kallag, e Kerne.
Bro Treger-Goueloù

Bro Treger-Goueloù zo ur vro e departamant Aodoù-an-Arvor. Krouet e oa bet e 2001. 69 c’humun zo enni. E Bro Treger-Goueloù emañ ar c’humuniezhioù-kumunioù-mañ :
E distro-skol 2015 e oa enskrivet er skol Diwan hag er c'hlasoù divyezhek 976 skoliad (9,51 % eus skolidi ar gumuniezh evit a sell ouzh ar c'hentañ derez).
Eskopti Treger

Eskopti Treger zo bet savet gant sant Tudwal, kentañ eskob Landreger. Klotañ a rae gant Bro-Dreger war-bouez ar parrezioù (8 parrez + 2 drev) hag oa stag ouzh Eskopti Dol, evel Perroz-Gireg (ennañ Sant Ke Perroz), Lokireg, ha Lanneur.
Lannuon-Treger Kumuniezh

Lannuon-Treger Kumuniezh (Lannion-Trégor Communauté e galleg) a zo anezhi ur gumuniezh tolpad-kêrioù savet d'ar 1añ a viz Genver 2013 etre kumunioù eus Frañs, e departamant Aodoù-an-Arvor, e Breizh.
Krouet eo bet e 2013, ha lakaet e pleustr d'ar 1añ a viz Genver 2014. Er gumuniezh-se emañ ar c'humunioù a oa e Tolpad-kêrioù Lannuon-Treger, reoù Kumuniezh kumunioù Beg ar C'hra, ha kumun Perroz-Gireg na oa e kumuniezh ebet.
D'ar 1añ a viz Genver 2015 eo bet ebarzhet Kumuniezh kumunioù Kreiz Treger.
D'ar 1añ a viz Genver 2017 eo bet ebarzhet Kumuniezh kumunioù Treger-Uhel ha Kumuniezh kumunioù Gourenez Lezardrev.
57 kumun a ya d'ober an etrekumuniezh:
Tolpad-kêrioù Lannuon-Treger

Tolpad-kêrioù Lannuon-Treger a oa un aozadur savet etre kumunioù eus Frañs, e departamant Aodoù-an-Arvor, e Breizh. Krouet e voe e 2003. D'ar 1añ a viz Genver 2014 e oa deuet da vezañ Lannuon-Treger Kumuniezh, goude ebarzhañ Kumuniezh kumunioù Beg ar C'hra ha kumun Perroz-Gireg.
Tolpad-kêrioù Lannuon-Treger a yae 20 kumun d'ober anezhañ :
Virjinal

Ur virjinal zo ur benveg-seniñ dre gerdin evel ar c'hlav-kerdin. Sonet e veze kalzik en hanternoz Europa hag en Italia e dibenn ar Grennamzer ha da goulz an Azginivelezh, er XVvet ha XVIvet kantved.
Bihanoc'h eo ar virjinal eget ar c'hlav-kerdin, ha n'eus nemet ur gordenn evit pep notenn. Didroad e oa ar virjinalioù ha lakaet e vezent war un daol da seniñ.
Sonet e veze kalz e dibenn ar XVIvet hag a-hed ar XVII kantved. E Bro-Saoz e voe kemeret e lec'h gant ar spinetez, an doare italian, hag en Alamagn gant ar c'hlav-kerdin pe clavichord.
Spinetta a veze laret eus ar virjinalioù a veze graet en Italia met ivez en Saoz hag en Flandrez.
Ar muselarioù a veze graet en Europa an hanternoz. Dilezet e voent en XVIII kantved.
New York

New York (distagadur saozneg amerikanek: [nuːˈjɔːɹk]) pe Kêr New York (evit lakaat kemm gant Stad New York), New York City e saozneg (City of New York ent-ofisiel, berradur NYC) eo kêr vrasañ Stadoù-Unanet Amerika. Lesanvet eo The Big Apple (ar Mell Aval) pe Ar gêr na gousk morse. A-wezhioù e vez graet Evrog Nevez anezhi e brezhoneg gant Mark Kerrain.
Pemp rann velestradurel ("borough") a ya d'ober kêr: Manhattan, Brooklyn, ar Queens, ar Bronx, ha Staten Island.
Unan eus brasañ kêrioù ar bed eo New York gant 8 336 817 a dud, hag e-kreiz ur vegalopolenn divent a 19 milion a dud dindan teir Stad (New York, New Jersey, ha Connecticut). Abaoe 1990 eo aet ar minorelezhioù d'ober al lodenn vrasañ eus kêriz. Ouzhpenn bezañ unan eus kêrioù brasañ ar bed ez eo ivez unan eus ar re bouezusañ. Eno emañ sez Aozadur ar Broadoù Unanet, hag ul lec'h ekonomikel hep e bar gant Wall Street hag an New York Stock Exchange, yalc'h vrasañ ar bed.
War-dro 5000 a henvroiz Lenape (pe "Delaware") a oa o chom er c'hornad pa voe dizoloet e 1524 gant Giovanni da Verrazzano, ur moraer italian gopret gant ar roue gall Frañsez Iañ, a anvas anezhañ "Nouvelle Angoulême" (Angoulême Nevez) pa oa bet Frañsez Iañ dug Angoulême..
E 1614 e voe savet un toullad tier, er c'hreisteiz d'ar stêr, gant Hollandiz a glaske diazezañ kenwerzh ar foulinennoù, hag anvet e voe "Nieuw Amsterdam" (Amsterdam Nevez), er c'hreisteiz da v-Manhattan. Gant an Izelvroad Peter Minuit e voe prenet enez Manhattan digant al Lenape e 1626, hag hervez ur vojenn (distaolet a-benn bremañ), e vije koustet dezhañ $24 e gweraj. E 1664 e voe aloubet ar gêrig gant ar Saozon, hag anvet "New York" gante abalamour da zug York, e Bro-Saoz (a oa da vezañ James II).
Pa voe echu an eil brezel etre Saozon hag Izelvroiz e oa mestr tud an Izelvroioù war enez Run, hag e rojont New Amsterdam (New York) d'ar Saozon en eskemm. A-benn 1700 ne chome nemet 200 Lenape ken.
An darn vrasañ eus kêr New York a zo lec'hiet war deir enezenn, hag un darn war an douar bras. Bez' emañ Enez Manhattan ha Staten Island en o fezh, penn lodenn gornôk Long Island, ha meur a enezenn vihanoc’h.
Rannet eo kêr e pemp lodenn vras, anvet "borough". Pep hini anezho a zo ur gontelezh (county). Bez' emañ:
Rannet eo kêr gant stêrioù. Dispartiet eo Manhattan diouzh ar Bronx gant ar stêr Hudson diouzh un tu ha stad New Jersey eus an tu all. Gant an East River eo dispartiet Manhattan diouzh un tu gant Brooklyn ha Queens diouzh an tu all. Dispartiet eo Manhattan diouzh ar Bronx gant ar stêr Harlem. Gant strizh-mor Long Island eo dispartiet ar Bronx diouzh Queens, ha gant un toullad gwazhioù all aeo treuzet-didreuzet kêr.
Jozeb Mari Graveran

Fazi arroud : Balizenn <ref> faziek; ret eo d'an daveennoù hep anv bezañ danvez enno
Jozeb Mari Graveran (Joseph Marie Graveran er marilhoù-kêr), ganet e Kraozon d'ar 16 a viz 1793 ha marvet e Kemper d'an 31 a viz Genver 1855, a oa un den a Iliz, eskob ha politiker gall. Goude bezañ bet person-kanton e Brest e voe anvet da eskob Kemper. Dre ma roas e asant da implij reizhskrivadur Yann-Frañsez ar Gonideg e-barzh embannadurioù an eskopti e lakaas an doare-skrivañ-se da vezañ trec'h.
Ober a reas e e studioù e tri skolaj, e Kemper, Kastell-Paol ha Pariz. Goude bezañ beleget e 1817 ez eas da gelenner war ar matematik e Kastell-Paol, hag ez eas en-dro da Pariz d'ober studioù war an doueoniezh e Kloerdi Sant-Sulpis, e Pariz. E vailhoni a voe ken splann ma voe lakaet diouzhtu da gelenner doueoniezh e Kloerdi bras Kemper. E parrez pobletañ an eskopti, an hini diaesañ da verañ ivez, e voe anvet da berson-kanton Sant-Loeiz e Brest e 1826. D'ar 26 a viz Mae 1840 e voe anvet da eskob Kemper ha Leon hag e reas troiadoù e pep korn eus an eskopti ma kave tu da gomz ha d'ober prezegennoù e brezhoneg.
Fernand Guey

Léon Lucien Fernand Guey, ganet d'ar 26 a viz C'hwevrer 1877 e Vincennes (Val-de-Marne, Bro-C'hall) ha marvet d'ar 25 a viz Genver 1964 e Rouan (Seine-Maritime), a oa ul livour hag ur rener mirdioù.
Bet eo bet rener Mirdi arzoù-Kaer Kemper etre 1908 ha 1917.
Un hent-dall gant e anv zo e Kemper.
Adolphe Duparc

An aotrou Adolphe Yves Marie Duparc, ganet en Oriant d'ar 5 a viz C'hwevrer 1857 ha marvet e Kemper d'an 8 a viz Mae 1946, a oa un eskob katolik, eskob Kemper ha Leon adalek 1908 betek e varv.
Beleget e voe en eskopti Gwened d'an 20 a viz C'hwevrer 1880, goude bezañ bet o studiañ e kloerdi bihan Santez-Anna-Gwened ha kloerdi bras Gwened, ha person e voe en Oriant adalek 1895 betek 1908. Neuze e voe anvet da eskob Kemper ha Leon ha kensakret d'ar 25 a viz C'hwevrer 1908 gant an aotrou Henri Gouraud, eskob Gwened. Kemer a reas lec'h an aotrou François-Virgile Dubillard e Kemper. Chom a reas war sez eskopti Kemper e-pad 38 vloaz ha n'heller ket nac'hañ e bouez war ur boblañs a oa levezonet bras gant ar gristeniezh c'hoazh. Meulet e veze e helarvarded dispar, pa gustume sevel prezegennoù hir dirak arvesterien liesseurt, interamantoù, lidoù evit ar soudarded varv, pirc'hirinajoù,…
Adolphe Duparc a oa un den a Iliz start en e vennozhioù : stourm a reas a-enep disparti an Iliz hag ar Stad e deroù an XX kantved, a-enep ar skolioù Stad, a-enep ar boeson, a-enep ar vroadelouriezh vreton. Difenn a reas ouzh beleien an eskopti kemer perzh el luskad broadelour, eskumunuget e voe izili Strollad Broadel Breizh dre ul lizher embannet e-barzh La Semaine Religieuse de Quimper et de Léon d’an 12 a viz Gouere 1940, ha prezeg a rae ur garantez-vro a-du gant Bro-C’hall hag a-du gant Pétain, da vare an Eil Brezel-bed. Daoust ma oa enebet-groñs ouzh an disrannerien e roas urzh da gelenn yezh hag istor Breizh er skolioù katolik hag aotre da dud « Breuriez ar brezoneg er skoliou » d’ober o abostolerezh enno. E-pad an amzer ma voe eskob e voe digoret kalz skolioù kristen nevez e Penn-ar-Bed : 110 skol kentañ-derez hag 8 skol deknikel.
Mervel a reas d’an 8 a viz Mae 1946, d’an oad a 89 bloaz. Beziet e voe en Iliz-veur Sant-Kaourintin e Kemper, ma c’haller gwelet e vez kizellet en arem gant François Bazin.
Kemper Kerfeunteun Football Klub

Ur c'hlub mell-droad bet krouet e 1905 eo Stad Kemper (galleg: Stade quimpérois). E DH Kevre Breizh ar vell-droad e oa e 2005.
Ur skipailh maouezed a zo ivez a zo gant eil rummad kampionnad Frañs. Abaoe 2011 eo deuet da vezañ ar Kemper Kerfeunteun Football Klub (galleg: Quimper Kerfeunteun Football Club, pe Quimper Kerfeunteun FC ent-berr), goude bezañ kendeuzet gant Steredenn Sportel Kerfeunteun.
Kefleud

Ar C'hefleud (a vez skrivet Queffleut pe Queffleuth e galleg) a zo ur stêr hag a ra an disparti etre Leon ha Treger. 19 km a zo dezhi. Eieniñ a ra e Menez Are, e Plouneour-Menez, ha redek war-du Montroulez ma kember gant ar Jarlo da ober Rivier Montroulez.
Teal ha c'hwial

Teal a zo ober gant ar ger te (ha dit, ac'hanout) ha c'hwial a zo ober gant c'hwi ( ha deoc'h, ac'hanoc'h). Lavaret e vez ivez mont dre de pe dre c'hwi ouzh unan bennak.
Teal ne vez ket graet gant an holl er yezh komzet. Anavezet eo dreist-holl e Leon ha Treger, hag en hanternoz Kerne. Stummoù dre de zo e gwenedeg met ne vezont ket klevet alies. A-wechoù zoken e klever tud o troukveskañ te ha c'hwi, pa ne reont ket e galleg.
Brezhoneg Leon

Brezhoneg Leon, pe leoneg (pe leouneg) a-wechoù, a vez graet eus brezhoneg Bro-Leon.
Un nebeud perzhioù dibar zo dezhañ, a-fed distagadur ha geriaoueg.
Distaget e vez
Ne vez ket distaget
Lod eus ar gerioù-mañ n'int anavezet nemet e kornioù zo eus Leon:
Tangaliya Shawl

A Tangaliya Shawl is a handwoven, GI protected shawl and textile made by the Dangasia community in Gujarat, India.
The 700-year-old indigenous craft is native to the Surendranagar district, of Saurashtra-region of the state. Traditional variations like Ramraj, Charmalia, Dhunslu, and Lobdi are woven in village clusters of Dedara, Vastadi, Godavari and Vadla in the district.
The textile is usually used as shawl and wraparound skirt by women of the Bharwad Gopalak community of the Wankaner, Amreli, Dehgam, Surendranagar, Joravarnagar, Botad, Bhavnagar and Kutch areas.
The shawls are woven in pit looms at homes and knot a contrast color thread with the warp, which are woven into the textile to create the effect of raised dots, which have become the signature style of the textile. Besides dots, several, geometric patterns like circles, straight lines, hyperbolic or parabolic designs etc.are also created.
In 2007, with the help of National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT), in Gandhinagar, the Tangaliya Hastkala Association (Tangaliya Handicraft Association) was formed, which included 226 Tangaliya weavers from five villages as members. Over the subsequent years, NIFT conducted workshops for skill building, quality control and design development. Eventually, the Tangaliya Hastkala Association (THA) received GI registration status.
These days, the textile is used for dupatta, dress material and home furnishing products like bedsheets and pillow covers. Instead of traditional cotton or sheep wool yarn, merino wool and eri silk are used.
Agrun

An Agrun (also called Agron, Argon or Agon) is a traditional shawl-like garment worn by Hajong women in the Indian subcontinent, in modern-day India and Bangladesh.
It is a form of festive wear, worn during special occasions. Agrun are used by both men and women. These shawls are shuttle-woven and characterized by large-scale, symmetrical patterns, featuring geometrical shapes and stylized leaves and flowers in colored silks and with or without gold and silver threads. Traditionally argons used to be very large in size and would have birds like herons, ducks and peacocks; and trees like kadamba tree brocaded on them.
Serape

The serape, sarape or jorongo is a long blanket-like shawl or cloak, often brightly colored and fringed at the ends, worn in Mexico, especially by men. The spelling of the word sarape (or zarape) is the accepted form in Mexico and other Spanish-speaking countries. The term serape is for the rectangular woven blanket (no openings), though in more recent years it can also be used to refer to a very soft rectangular blanket with an opening in the middle for one's head, similar to a poncho, called gabán, or jorongo in Mexico. Modern variations of some serapes are made with matching hoods for head covering. The length varies, but front and back normally reach knee length on an average person.
Available in various colors and design patterns, the typical colors of serapes from the highland regions are two-tone combinations of black, grey, brown, or tan depending on the natural color of the sheep flocks grown in the area, with large design patterns utilizing traditional indigenous motifs. On the other hand, the traditional serape as made in the Mexican state of Coahuila in north-eastern Mexico near the city of Saltillo often consists of a dark base color with bands of yellow, orange, red, blue, green, purple, or other bright colors. The ends are usually fringed.
The serape is thought to have its forebears in garments worn in the region near Chiautempan and Contla, Tlaxcala. During the Colonial period, it was taken to northern New Spain where it was adapted to the climate and the motifs changed. The city of Teocaltiche, Jalisco is strongly linked to the development of the serape, although it was widespread throughout the area then known as Nueva Vizcaya.
The serape is not a typical garment for the Maya highland people, who wear different clothing in cold regions. The Guatemalan serape is an imitation of the Mexican serape with a Maya twist, and their production is intended for sales to foreigners or city dwellers who feel attracted to the garment. These serapes are sold through a broker, with the Mayan families, who depend mostly upon agricultural work, manufacturing small quantities for extra income. The brokers display the serapes at an incremental price at local markets or the sides of highland roads in improvised huts. The brokers are typically Maya. The appeal of the serape may be that they are made by Maya women on their traditional home looms, giving the serape a handmade look.
The serape has seen a resurgence in popularity in the 2000s. Boutiques have added them to their inventory as companies produce new modern designs but with traditional methods.
Bibliography
Thor Bishopric

Thor Bishopric is a Canadian actor, voice artist and writer. He is a prominent member of ACTRA.
Bishopric has performed roles in television and film, and provided his voice for animated and puppet productions and several films for The National Film Board of Canada. He was also a writer on several shows and has worked as a voice director on several others.
Bishopric served as National President of ACTRA from 1999 to 2005.
Bishopric is the younger brother of the late actress and voice actress Kirsten Bishopric who was best known for voicing Zoycite, Emerald, Kaorinite, Telulu and Badiyanu in the original English adaptation of the Sailor Moon series.
Trégor

48°43′57″N 3°27′19″W﻿ / ﻿48.7325°N 3.4553°W﻿ / 48.7325; -3.4553
Trégor (French pronunciation: [tʁeɡɔʁ]; Breton: Treger, [ˈtreːɡər]), officially the Land of Trégor (French: pays du Trégor; Breton: Bro-Dreger, [broˈdreːɡər]) is one of the nine traditional provinces of Brittany, in its northwestern area. It comprises the western part of the Côtes-d'Armor and a small part of the northeast of Finistère, as far as the river Morlaix. Its capital is Tréguier, the French translation of the Breton word Landreger (from lann, holy place, and Dreger, Treger with consonitic mutation, meaning Tregor).
Since the Morlaix was the boundary between the Bishopric of Léon and the Bishopric of Tréguier, the town was divided between the two.
On 27 January 1790, after the French Revolution, the Breton deputies rejected the request by the residents of Morlaix to be integrated in the same department as Saint-Brieuc. They instead established the northern boundary of the department at the Douron. So was constituted by division of the diocese of Tréguier, a Trégor which is called Finisterrian or Morlaisian. Traditionally, Tregorrois Breton is spoken here, which shows some dialectal differences.
Brittany Allen

Brittany Allen (born February 5, 1986) is a Canadian actress. Her first notable role was as Marissa Chandler on All My Children from 2009 to 2010, for which she received a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actress in 2011. In later years, she worked consistently on television, and in the films of her partner, Colin Minihan, including the 2014 film Extraterrestrial, the 2016 film It Stains the Sands Red and the 2018 film What Keeps You Alive, the latter of which Allen starred in and scored.
She attended Etobicoke School of the Arts in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and the Sheridan Institute for Technology and Advanced Learning in Oakville, Ontario, for their Music Theatre – Performance Program.
After a few minor roles in TV movies, Allen played the role of Marissa Chandler on All My Children from April 21, 2009 to December 21, 2010. For this role, she earned a Daytime Emmy Award in 2011 in the category Younger Actress in a Drama Series. She went on to appear in several TV series, with recurring roles in the Canadian drama Bomb Girls and the American science fiction western Defiance on the Syfy network.
In 2014, she played the lead role in the science fiction horror film Extraterrestrial, directed by Colin Minihan of The Vicious Brothers, with whom Allen started an ongoing personal and professional relationship.
In 2015, Allen starred in the psychological thriller Backgammon and contributed to the writing of the story for the independent comedy-drama film, Almost Anything.
In 2016, she teamed up with Minihan again for the unconventional zombie film It Stains the Sands Red, where Allen acted as executive producer and starred as a lone woman being chased by a single, relentless zombie throughout the desert.
In 2017, Allen starred in the science fiction drama Incontrol. She also had a co-starring role in the horror film Jigsaw, a sequel to the Saw film franchise.
In 2018, she appeared on the USA Network series Falling Water, replacing Brooke Bloom in the role of Sabine for the series' second season. She also played the role of Ella Riordan in the second season of NBC's "Taken". The same year she co-starred alongside her Jigsaw co-star Hannah Emily Anderson in the thriller What Keeps You Alive, which she also produced and scored. The film marks her third collaboration with Colin Minihan.
In 2019, she appeared in the horror film The Prodigy as Margaret St. James. The same year she appeared as Charlotte/Popclaw in the Amazon superhero black comedy television series, The Boys.
In 2014, she started dating Canadian director Colin Minihan, whom she met on the set of Extraterrestrial, which he directed and in which she starred.
Allen won the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series in 2011 for playing Marissa Tasker on All My Children.
Charles Léon Godeby

Charles Léon Godeby (26 January 1866, in Rennes – 1952 in Quimper), was a French painter who painted scenes in Brittany and North Africa.
A pupil of Jean-Léon Gérôme and Luc-Olivier Merson, he exhibited at the Paris Salon from 1890 onwards. He was also Director of Quimper's Musée des beaux-arts from 1922. He was commissioned to decorate the Quimper Mairie's "escalier d'honneur" with two triptychs, one depicting scenes from the battlefield and the trenches and the other representing the sacrifice made by the soldiers from Quimper. 566 men from Quimper gave their lives in the Great War. This memorial was inaugurated on 27 May 1928 and restored in 2011.
Some of Godeby's paintings are:-
Door knocker

A door knocker is an item of door furniture that allows people outside a house or other dwelling or building to alert those inside to their presence. A door knocker has a part fixed to the door, and a part (usually metal) which is attached to the door by a hinge, and may be lifted and used to strike a plate fitted to the door, or the door itself, making a noise. The struck plate, if present, would be supplied and fitted with the knocker. Door knockers are often ornate, but may be no more than a simple fitting with a metal bob, or ring.
German professor Franz Sales Meyer distinguished three kinds of door knocker: the "ring", the "hammer", and an ornate category which could take the shape of an animal or another figure. High demand for antique door knockers in the early 20th century in the United States caused forged versions to emerge.
Barrys Reef, Victoria

Baile beag de chuid Victoria na hAstráile is ea Barrys Reef. Mianadóirí óir a bhunaigh é, agus thugtaí Bayup air. Níl aon staitisticí ag baint leis i ndaonáireamh Astrálach na bliana 2006.
Na Wathaurong, pobal Bundúchasach, a bhí ina gcónaí sa taobh sin tíre roimh theacht na nEorpach, ach bhí siad ruaigthe, is dócha, faoi sheascaidí an 19ú haois, agus an-díobháil déanta ag an ól, ag galracha nua agus ag an lámh láidir dóibh.
Thosaigh ruathar óir sa cheantar sa bhliain 1855. Mianadóireacht ghlárach a bhí ar siúl ar dtús, agus timpeall 4,000 mianadóir le fáil ann, idir Eorpaigh agus Shínigh. Sé theach tábhairne a bhí ann tráth.
I gceann tamaill thosaigh daoine ag obair ar shíoga grianchloiche. Rinneadh suirbhéireacht ar cheann acu (Trewhella nó Barry's) agus dá bhrí sin bunaíodh Bayup, áit ar tugadh Barrys Reef uirthi ina dhiaidh sin. Lagaigh an mhianadóireacht sa chuid is mó den cheantar de réir a chéile, ach faoin mbliain 1874 bhí sráidbhaile mór in aice mhianaigh Barrys Reef agus bhí mórán fear ar fostú ag an Sultan Company. Ach tháinig meath ar an gcomhlacht seo féin: bhí mianadóirí ag imeacht, bhí comhlachtaí eile ag díol a gcuid gléasra, agus dhún an Sultan Company go tobann, rud a d'fhág mórán gan obair. Sa bhliain 1879 tháinig tuile thréan anuas an Lerderderg, ag crochadh léi rothaí uisce agus rudaí eile agus ag déanamh dochair do na droichid. Tháinig feabhas éigin ar an scéal sna hochtóidí, ach lagaigh cúrsaí arís agus scaip na mianadóirí in éineacht lena dteaghlaigh.
Flett, J., The History of Gold Discovery in Victoria, Poppet Head Press, Melbourne, 1976
Tilslørte bondepiker

Tilslørte bondepiker (lit. veiled peasant girls. Known in Swedish as änglamat; Danish: bondepige med slør; Norwegian: tilslørte bondepiker; Finnish: pappilan hätävara; German: Verschleiertes Bauernmädchen; Low German: Buerndeern mit Sleier) is a traditional Scandinavian dessert. The dessert is available in a number of different variations. It is typically served in transparent glass or bowls.
Example of a recipe: Applesauce (or other mashed fruits) are spread out at the bottom, followed by a layer of toasted bread- or rusk crumbs, a layer of whipped cream, followed by another layer of sauce, and usually a thin layer of crumbs and or whipped cream on top. Often in multiple layers. Possible decorations also include hazelnuts or flaked almonds.
List of S&P 500 companies

The S&P 500 is a stock market index maintained by S&P Dow Jones Indices. It comprises 503 common stocks which are issued by 500 large-cap companies traded on the American stock exchanges (including the 30 companies that compose the Dow Jones Industrial Average). The index includes about 80 percent of the American market by capitalization. It is weighted by free-float market capitalization, so more valuable companies account for relatively more weight in the index. The index constituents and the constituent weights are updated regularly using rules published by S&P Dow Jones Indices. Although called the S&P 500, the index contains 503 stocks because it includes two share classes of stock from 3 of its component companies.
S&P Dow Jones Indices updates the components of the S&P 500 periodically, typically in response to acquisitions, or to keep the index up to date as various companies grow or shrink in value. Between January 1, 1963, and December 31, 2014, 1,186 index components were replaced by other components.
List of The X-Files episodes

The X-Files is an American science fiction–supernatural television series that originally aired on the Fox network for 9 seasons from September 10, 1993, to May 19, 2002. The series centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder, an FBI profiler, is a believer in the paranormal, and the skeptical Scully, a medical doctor, is assigned to make scientific analyses of Mulder's discoveries which could ultimately be used to discredit his work. Throughout the series the two develop a close friendship. During the eighth and ninth seasons of the series, Duchovny's role was reduced from lead actor to an intermittent lead role.
The show's premise originated with Chris Carter, who served as an executive producer along with R. W. Goodwin, Frank Spotnitz, Howard Gordon, Vince Gilligan, John Shiban, Kim Manners, Glen Morgan, James Wong, and many others. Filming for seasons one to five took place primarily in Vancouver, British Columbia, and for the remaining seasons in Los Angeles.
Episodes were broadcast on Fridays at 9:00 pm Eastern Time for the series' first three seasons; the remaining six seasons aired on Sundays at 9:00 pm Eastern Time. Episodes are approximately 45 minutes in length (not including commercials) and were broadcast in standard definition. Two feature films based on the television series have been released as part of The X-Files franchise: the first premiered in summer 1998, between seasons five and six of the series, and a post-series film, The X-Files: I Want to Believe, was released in 2008. On March 24, 2015, Fox officially announced the series would return for a six-episode tenth season, which aired in 2016. On April 20, 2017, Fox officially announced The X-Files would be returning for an eleventh season of ten episodes, which premiered on January 3, 2018. As of March 21, 2018, 218 episodes of The X-Files have aired, concluding the eleventh season.
Many mythology collections of The X-Files episodes have been released on DVD. Since 2000, 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment has distributed all seasons on DVD, and episodes are also available for download at the iTunes Store and Amazon Video, and are available for streaming on Hulu. The show's episodes have won a number of awards, including three Golden Globe Awards for Best Drama Series and a Satellite Award for Best Drama Series. Various cast members' performances have been praised by critics, particularly those of Duchovny and Anderson.
Episodes marked with a double dagger (‡) are episodes in the series' alien mythology arc.