davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Vegeta (condiment)

Vegeta is a brand of savoury seasonings of dehydrated vegetables, spices, and MSG, produced by Croatian food company Podravka. It is considered a staple of Eastern European cuisine.
The product was originally developed at Podravka's labs in Koprivnica, then part of Yugoslavia, in 1958. Zlata Bartl, a Bosnian Croat chemical technician who created a popular line of dehydrated soup packets, led the team that developed Vegeta. It was first sold in 1959 under the name "Vegeta 40", and first exported in 1967 to Hungary and the Soviet Union. Vegeta has been produced by Podravka in Koprivnica since its introduction, and is also manufactured in Poland, Austria, Hungary, and Tanzania.
Vegeta was a commercial success for Podravka and led to an economic boom in Koprivnica. Bartl, who became known as "Auntie Vegeta" (Croatian: Teta Vegeta), was made an honorary citizen of the city before her death in 2008. Nielsen named Vegeta the best-selling universal food seasoning in Europe in 2021, and the products are sold in 40 countries worldwide.
There is also a "no MSG added" version for those avoiding monosodium glutamate.
The ingredients of Vegeta include (according to the 2008 product packaging):
MDH (spice company)

Mahashian Di Hatti Private Limited, doing business as MDH, is an Indian spice producer and seller based in New Delhi, India. It is the second largest leader in the Indian market with 12% market share, following S. Narendrakumar's Everest Spices.
It was founded by Dharampal Gulati in 1959, who served as its CEO until his death on 3 December 2020, Subsequently, Dharampal's son, Rajeev Gulati, took over the company and became the face of the MDH brand.
Mahashay Chunnilal Gulati set up the masala company in 1919 in Sialkot, British India currently located in the Punjab province of Pakistan since 1947. It is associated with Mahashay Chunnilal Charitable Trust.
Mahashay Dharampal Gulati, the son of the founder moved to Delhi after the partition of India. He opened a shop in a shack and started selling spices like his father. He later opened his shop at Ajmal Khan Road, Karol Bagh and expanded from there. In 1959 he bought a plot in Kirti Nagar to set up his own spice factory.
From there, he built the entire group to one of India's leading spices manufacturers expanding to 15 factories. Speaking to The Economic Times last year, he said, "My motivation to work is being sincere in product quality sold at affordable prices. And nearly 90% of my salary goes to charity in my personal capacity."
At the age of 94, Dharam Pal was the highest paid Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) CEO in India in 2017. He took home over ₹210 million (equivalent to ₹280 million or US$3.3 million in 2023) as salary in the last fiscal year. Two years later, on 16 March 2019, the 14th President of India Ram Nath Kovind conferred the Padma Bhushan award for Trade & Industry.
MDH today has a range of 62 products available in over 150 different packages. These include ground and blended spices, which are free of preservatives. MDH also sells other products, such as saffron.
MDH is one of India's biggest spice producer and seller. It not just has a user base in India but also overseas. In 2022, there were rumours of it being sold to Unilever. MDH however has refuted all of these.
MDH under the leadership of Mahashay Dharampal Gulati has developed more than 20 schools including MDH International School, Mahashay Chunnilal Saraswati Shishu Mandir (named after his late father), Mata Lilawati Kanya Vidyalaya (named after his late wife), and Mahashay Dharampal Vidya Mandir etc.
He started a 10-bed eye hospital at Arya Samaj, Subhash Nagar, in November 1975. Later in January 1984, a 20-bed hospital was established in Janakpuri, New Delhi to commemorate his late mother Mata Chanan Devi. Now it has 300 beds on about 2 hectares (5 acres) of land, the hospital is equipped with MRI, CT scan, Heart Wing, Neuro Sciences, IVF etc.
In May 2024, New Zealand's food safety regulator said it was investigating contamination in spice products of Indian brands MDH and Everest. Its products were recalled by regulators in Hong Kong and Singapore for containing ethylene oxide.
Kashmiri red chilli

Kashmiri Red Chilies or Kashmiri Laal Mirch are characterized by their ability to give a dark red colour to food and add flavour, while at the same time not allowing the food to become too pungent or spicy.
India is the largest consumer and producer. Numerous companies sell the powdered form, including MDH, Everest Spices, Sakthi Masala and Badshah Masala. Vir Sanghvi writes that a majority of the restaurant industry in India use Kashmiri chillis or its powdered form. Chefs even use Kashmiri chillis as a substitute for dishes with Goan Peri-Peri masala.
Due to the high demand for Kashmiri chilis, substitutes such as Byadagi chillies are often used. There are government initiatives and incentives in Jammu and Kashmir to support and increase the production of the local variety of the Kashmiri chilli.
According to the Spices Board of India, under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India, Kashmiri Chillies are mainly grown in Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh, but also in places such as Goa. They are harvested during winter.
Kashmiri pepper appears wrinkled and rough, often brownish when traditionally dried (long dry), but contains densely concentrated red pigment material.
The American Spice Trade Association (ASTA) colour value is 54.10. This value helps identify the amount of colour that can be extracted from the chilli. The capsaicin value is 0.325%. They are mild, reading 1000 – 2000 SHU on the Scoville Scale. There are different qualities of Kashmiri red chillies. According to a study in 1999, the capsaicin value was found to be 0.126%.
India's Consumer Education and Research Centre puts Everest Kashmiri Lal (Everest Spices) at SHU 48,000, while Golden Harvest Kashmiri Mirch Powder (Golden Harvest) has an SHU of 60,000. This SHU level is similar to other brands in the market. Brick powder is one of the forms of adulteration.
It is used in various dishes such as tandoori chicken and snacks such as tiger prawns. It is also used in pickles and chutneys. It is used in food like pav bhaji and misal pav for colour.
Guntur chilli

Guntur chillies (Telugu: Guntūr mirapakāyalu) are a group of chilli cultivars from the Guntur and Prakasam districts of Andhra Pradesh, India. They are renowned globally and exported to Asia, Canada, and Europe. The Guntur district is the main producer and exporter of most varieties of chillies and chilli powder from India to regions such as Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Middle East, South Korea, the UK, the US, and Latin America. Chillies have various colours and flavours because of the level of capsaicin in them. Guntur chillies form an important part of curries and various popular dishes of the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. The main trading place for the Guntur chilli is called Guntur Mirchi Yard. Market prices for the chillies are accessible on the National Agriculture Market or e-NAM.
Other Guntur chillis are Phatki, Indo-5, Ankur, Roshni, Bedki, and Madhubala.
Hot foot powder

Hot foot powder is used in African American hoodoo folk magic to drive unwanted people away. It is a mixture of herbs and minerals, virtually always including chilli powder, salt, pepper, and chilli flakes. Other ingredients, such as wasp's nests, sulfur, and graveyard dirt are sometimes added. It also shows some overlapping uses with goofer dust, which also is known to create restlessness and drive people away.
According to some scholars who have done research in African-American communities, hot foot powder may not be a traditional practice but is a commercialized version of the traditional walkin foot. Walkin foot is a powder made in traditional African-American hoodoo to confuse a person to walk in all directions in a confused state. The practice was influenced from foot track magic in West Africa, where West African people take a person's foot tracks and combine with ingredients to control a person's movements. It was brought to the United States during the transatlantic slave trade. The practice became African-American when Black people in America used American materials such as North American herbs, roots and animal parts, to create a powder combining with a person's foot track and sprinkle it on their shoes or in their foot tracks to "hoodoo the person." Harry M. Hyatt collected several recipes and spells for hot foot powder. Some modes of deploying hot foot collected by him include secreting a small amount into the victim's shoes or clothing, mixing it with a victim's foot track, or placing a paper with the victim's name into a bottle with hot foot powder and disposing of it in a river.
In the 1930s song "Hellhound on My Trail", the blues musician Robert Johnson said, "You sprinkled hot foot powder [...] all around your daddy's door / it keep me with ramblin' mind, rider, every old place I go." In 2000, the British rock guitarist Peter Green released a CD called "Hot Foot Powder", containing 13 covers of songs written by Robert Johnson.
ዶሮ ሚካኤል

ዶሮ ሚካኤል ከቦሌ ዋሻዎች በስተ ምስራቅ ሲገኝ፣ ከአቃቂ ወንዝ በስተግራ ይገኛል። ይህ ቦታ አንድ አንድ ጊዜ ገላን በመባል ይታወቃል። ከ1870-1872 ዓ.ም. በዚህ ቦታ ይገኝ ከነበሩት ዋሻዎች አንዱ በካቶሊኩ ፋዘር ጉግሊሞ ማሳያ እንደ ቤተ መቅደስ አገልግሏል። ከካቶሊኩ ቤተመቅደስነት በፊት ዋሻው ለቤተክርስቲያንነት ያገልገል ነበር
።
Church of Saint George, Lalibela

The Church of Saint George (Amharic: ቤተ ጊዮርጊስ, romanized: Betä Giyorgis) is one of eleven rock-hewn monolithic churches in Lalibela, a town in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Originally named Roha (Warwar), the historical and religious site was named Lalibela after the King Gebre Mesqel Lalibela of the Zagwe dynasty, who commissioned its construction. He is regarded as a saint by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church.
The Church of Saint George was carved downwards from a type of volcanic tuff. This is the sole architectural material that was used in the structure. It has been dated to the late 12th or early 13th century AD, and thought to have been constructed during the reign of King Gebre Mesqel Lalibela, of the late Zagwe dynasty. It is among the best known and last built of the eleven churches in the Lalibela area, and has been referred to as the "Eighth Wonder of the World". Lalibela, King of Ethiopia, sought to recreate Jerusalem, and structured the churches' landscape and religious sites in such a way as to achieve such a feat. “The churches at Lalibela are clustered in two major groups, one representing the earthly Jerusalem, and the other representing the heavenly Jerusalem. Located directly between them is a trench representing the River Jordan”. The dimensions of the trench are 25 meters by 25 meters by 30 meters, and there is a small baptismal pool outside the church, which stands in an artificial trench.
According to Ethiopian cultural history, Betä Giyorgis was built after King Gebre Mesqel Lalibela of the Zagwe dynasty had a vision in which he was instructed to construct the church; Saint George and God have both been referred to as the one who gave him the instructions.
Lalibela is a pilgrimage site for members of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church; the church itself is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela".
On first approach the site appears wholly inaccessible, with sheer drops on every side and no access bridge. It is accessed via a very narrow man-made canyon, spiralling downwards, which changes to a tunnel close to the church, to further conceal its presence.
Pilgrims who died after reaching the site are placed in a simple open tomb on the outer walls.
The hollowed interior contains a simple shrine to St. George and, behind a curtain (forbidden to view apart from priests) lies a replica of the Ark of the Covenant.
Betä Giyorgis was spatially documented in 2005.
Washa Mikael Rock-Hewn Church

The Washa Mikael Rock-Hewn Church (Amharic: ዋሻ ሚካኤል [wä schä mi kä el] literally "The Cave of Michael") is a rock-hewn semi-monolithic church located in the Yeka district of Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia.
The cave of Washa Mika'el is cut into the interior of an ignimbrite massi located at an altitude of 3,118m on the highland plateau located six kilometers from Addis Ababa. The Washa Michael (cave of Michael) rock-hewn church is a historic church built in the late 3rd century AD in the reign of Emperor Abreha making it more than 1600 years old. To say that the church has seen better days would be an understatement. The roof has caved in due to Italian bombardment against freedom fighters in 1935 yet most of its walls and arches, including those of the holy of holies or Mekdes in Amharic still remain standing. Pre-Christian carved animal friezes on the northern and southern walls at Washa Mikael are located at shoulder height and Christian paintings were added on the upper walls, suggesting that this region was still going through a process of Christianization during its construction.
In the 19th century, Emperor Menelik II rediscovered the structure after it was initially abandoned during the Ethiopian–Adal war. He had the Tabot of St. Michael moved from inside the church to a church he had built lower down the mountain called Yeka Mikael. He subsequently made attempts at restoring and preserving the structures of the church.
The church suffered damages during the heavy bombing campaigns of the Italians during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.
Biete Maryam

Biete Maryam is one of the monolithic rock-cut Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site at Lalibela.
Like the other churches of Lalibela, its precise date of construction is unknown, although it was built no earlier than the 7th century AD (during the Kingdom of Axum) and no later than the 13th century AD (during the Solomonic dynasty and Ethiopian Empire). The churches of Lalibela, including Biete Maryam, are traditionally ascribed to having been built during the reign of the Zagwe dynasty ruler Gebre Mesqel Lalibela (r. ca. 1181–1221). Archaeological analyses have discerned that the ruins of defensive fortifications date to roughly the 8th century AD, while the monolithic rock-cut churches were built in two stages: the first from the 11th to early 12th centuries, and the second phase from the late 12th to early 13th centuries.
12°02′01″N 39°02′36″E﻿ / ﻿12.03371°N 39.04333°E﻿ / 12.03371; 39.04333
List of oldest church buildings

This article lists some but by no means all of the oldest known church buildings in the world. In most instances, buildings listed here were reconstructed numerous times and only fragments of the original buildings have survived. These surviving freestanding buildings were purposely constructed for use by congregations (or used at an early date). The dates are the approximate dates when they were built and/or reconstructed and/or first used by Christian congregations for worship.
The term church may be used in the sense of "Christian denomination" or in the singular as the Christian Church as a whole. The "church" (Greek ekklēsía, 'assembly') is traced to Pentecost and the beginning of the Christian mission in the first century and was not used in reference to a building.
According to the Catholic Encyclopedia the Cenacle (the site of the Last Supper) in Jerusalem was the "first Christian church." The Dura-Europos church in Syria is the oldest surviving church building in the world, while the archaeological remains of both the Aqaba Church and the Megiddo church have been considered to be the world's oldest known purpose-built church, erected in the Roman Empire's administrative Diocese of the East in the 3rd century. Several authors have cited the Etchmiadzin Cathedral (Armenia's mother church) as the oldest cathedral.
St. Thaddeus Monastery or Qara Kelisa (meaning 'black church') in Chaldoran County, Iran is also noted by UNESCO World Heritage Centre as relating to 66 AD: "According to Armenian tradition such a location was chosen because saint Thaddeus built the earliest church—parts of which are still believed to be in place as the base of the old section—upon the ruins of the temple." In 66 AD, he as one of the Apostles and SanDokht (the daughter of the King or daughter of Abbot Simeon) and other Thaddeus' devotees were tortured and executed by Armenia's King Sanatrouk or Sanadruk.
Church buildings of the 1st to 4th centuries (AD 30‍–‍400), either excavated archaeologically or substantially preserved.
Church buildings dating to between the 5th and 10th centuries (AD 400‍–‍900).
A selection of notable churches, extant from the 11th to the 14th century (AD 1000‍–‍1300).
Notable early churches built in the New World between the 15th and 19th centuries. Listed are especially the oldest extant church buildings by country.
Archaeology of Ethiopia

Ethiopia has several UNESCO World Heritage Sites related to archaeology which include Axum, one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in Africa, the Awash Valley where Lucy, a hominin who lived around 3.2 million years ago was discovered, and Tiya, where Middle Stone Age tools and megaliths have been found.
Ethiopia is well known for its significant fossil-bearing beds which have borne some of the oldest and most complete fossil hominids. One well-known example is Lucy. Her hominid species Australopithecus afarensis is named after the Afar Ethiopian region where it was discovered. Other discoveries are still being made.
In 2019, archaeologists discovered a 30,000-year-old Middle-Stone Age rock shelter at the Fincha Habera site in Bale Mountains of Ethiopia at over 11,000 feet above sea level. This dwelling was the earliest proof of the highest-altitude of human occupation. Thousands of animal bones, hundreds of stone tools, and ancient fireplaces were revealed.
Excavations at Mochena Borago Rockshelter in the Southwest Ethiopian Highlands have been taking place since 1998. The site is important for testing the "refugium theory" which suggests that during cold, arid periods in the past, humans took refuge in this region as it would have been more habitable than the surrounding region.
Around 2000, archaeologists uncovered the ruins of the legendary ancient Islamic kingdom of Shoa, that included evidence of a large urban settlement as well as a large mosque.
In April 2005, the Obelisk of Axum, one of Ethiopia's religious and historical treasures, was returned to Ethiopia by Italy.
Хот төлөвлөлт, судалгааны институт

Нийслэлийн Засаг даргын харьяа Хот төлөвлөлт, судалгааны институт нь Нийслэл хотыг шинжлэх ухааны үндэслэлтэй хөгжүүлэх зорилгоор бүс нутгийн хөгжлийн төсөл, Улаанбаатар хотын хөгжлийн ерөнхий төлөвлөгөө, хэсэгчилсэн ерөнхий төлөвлөгөө, хот байгуулалтын судалгаа, эрдэм шинжилгээний ажил, барилга байгууламж, инженерийн дэд бүтцийн зураг төсөл, авто зам гүүрийн зураг төсөл боловсруулах, тэдгээрийг хэрэгжүүлэх үйл ажиллагаанд оролцох, зохиогчийн хяналт тавих ажлыг эрхлэн гүйцэтгэхээр байгуулагдсан чиг үүрэг бүхий мэргэжлийн байгууллага юм.
Дуурь Бүжгийн Эрдмийн Театр

Дуурь Бүжгийн Эрдмийн Театр нь Монгол Улсын нийслэл Улаанбаатар хотод орших театр юм.
1950 оны 12-р сарын 30-ны өдөр тус театрын барилга ашиглалтад орж Б.Дамдинсүрэн, Б.Смирнов нарын хөгжим, Д.Нацагдоржийн цомнол “Учиртай гурван толгой” дууриар хөшгөө нээснээр Монголын хөгжмийн театр үүссэн түүхтэй.
МАХН-ын Төв хороо, Сайд нарын зөвлөлийн 1963 оны 05-р сарын 10-ны өдрийн 132/182 тоот тогтоолоор “Улсын Дуурь, Бүжгийн Театр”-ыг байгуулахаар шийдвэрлэж, 05-р сарын 15-ны өдөр П.И.Чайковскийн “Евгений Онегин” дууриар нээлтээ хийжээ.
1963 он гэхэд Б.Дамдинсүрэн Б.Смирнов “Учиртай гурван толгой”, Б.Дамдинсүрэн “Жаргалын зам”, С.Гончигсумлаа “Үнэн”, Л.Мөрдорж ”Хөхөө Намжил” дууриуд, Б.Асафьев “Бахчисарайн оргилолт булаг”, С.Гончигсумлаа “Ганхуяг”, Р.Ярулин ”Шурали” зэрэг үндэсний болон сонгодог балеттай үзэгч олон танил болсон байлаа. Хөгжмийн өндөр боловсрол эзэмшсэн боловсон хүчинтэй болсноор Монголын хөгжмийн театр бий болох нөхцөл бүрдсэн.
1955-1956 онуудад ЗХУ-ын Пермь, Ташкент хотуудад бүжгийн сургуульд элссэн бүжигчид 1962 онд төгсч ирсэн нь тус театрт үндэсний болон сонгодог бүжгийн жүжгийг дэглэн найруулах, таатай нөхцлийг бүрдүүлсэн юм.
Тус театр байгуулагдсанаасаа хойш дэлхийн сонгодог болон үндэсний 58 дуурь, 58 бүжгэн жүжгийг тайзнаа тавьж, олон сая үзэгчдэд сонгодог урлагийн гайхамшгийг мэдрүүлжээ.
Дэлхийн сонгодог урлагийн ноён оргилууд болсон Ж.Пуччини, Ж.Верди, Ж.Бизе, П.И.Чайковский, В.А.Моцарт, Л.Минкус, И.Штраус, Г.Доницетти болон гадаадын бусад хөгжмийн зохиолчид, мөн өөрийн орны хөгжмийн зохиолчдын шилдэг бүтээлүүдийг тайзнаа амьдруулсан.
Одоо УДБЭТ өөрийн тайзнаа жилд 100 гаруй тоглолт тоглож байгаа бөгөөд үүнээс 50 орчим дуурийн тоглолт, мөн тооны балетын тоглолт, 20 орчим концерт тоглож дэлхийн олон орны нэр хүндтэй театрууд, дуучид, удирдаач болон бусад уран бүтээлчидтэй хамтран ажиллаж байна.
УДБЭТ нь нийслэл хотын төв талбайд оршдог бөгөөд партер, бэльэтаж гэсэн 2 давхартай, нийт 500 суудалтай бөгөөд жилдээ 50 гаруй мянган үзэгчдэд үйлчилдэг.
УДБЭТ нь 2017 онд гоцлол дуучид, найрал дуучид, балетын бие бүрэлдэхүүн, симфони найрал хөгжмийн нийт 200 орчим уран бүтээлч, захиргаа, санхүү, үйлдвэр тайзны болон маркетингийн албаны 80 гаруй ажилтнаас бүрдсэн, нийт 280 гаруй ажилтантай.
Ченнай

Ченнай (Тамилаар: சென்னை, хуучнаар Мадрас மெட்ராஸ், மதறாஸ்) нь Энэтхэгийн Тамил Наду мужийн нийслэл хот. Энэ хот нь хүн амын тоогоорооо Энэтхэгтээ 5 дугаарт ордог байна.
Халтмаагийн Баттулга

Халтмаагийн Баттулга нь 1963 оны 3 сарын 3-нд Улаанбаатар хотод төрсөн. Тэрбээр Монгол Улсын 5 дахь ерөнхийлөгч юм.
2004 оноос улс төрд орсон.
2017 оноос Монгол Улсын Ерөнхийлөгч болсон
Самбо бөхийн Дэлхийн аварга.
Дэлхийн аварга шалгаруулах тэмцээнд гурван удаа оролцож алт, мөнгө, хүрэл медаль хүртэж байсан. Мөн дэлхийн цомын тэмцээнээс алт, мөнгө, хүрэл медаль хүртэж байсан.
Цэдэвийн Дашдорж

Цэдэвийн Дашдорж (1967 оны 1 сарын 21-нд Улаанбаатарт төрж, 2019 оны 1 сарын 28-нд Улаанбаатарт нас барсан) нь Говь-Алтай аймгийн Цээл сумын уугуул, Монголын бизнесмен, улс төрч хүн байв. Зам тээвэр, барилга, хот байгуулалтын сайд, Уул уурхай, хүнд үйлдвэрийн сайд, Барилга, хот байгуулалтын дэд сайдаар ажиллаж байсан, УИХ-д Говь-Алтай аймгаас 3 удаа (2000-2004, 2008-12, 2012-16) сонгогдсон.
Дашдорж 1985 онд нийслэлийн 10 жилийн 12 дугаар сургууль, 1990 онд Политехникийн дээд сургуулийг өрөмдлөгийн технологич инженер мэргэжлээр төгссөн.
1990-1993 онд "Газрын тос" ХХК-д өрөмдлөгийн инженер, 1995-2000 онд "Их тэмүүлэл" ХХК-ийн ерөнхий захирлаар ажиллаж байгаад улс төрд орсон. 2000-2004 онд Нийслэлийн сонгино хайрхан дүүргээс УИХ-ын гишүүнээр сонгогдсон. Мөн 2008, 2012 оны сонгуулиудад Говь-Алтай аймгаас УИХ-ын гишүүнээр сонгогдон нийт 12 жил ажиллаад, дараагийн 4 жилд нь Барилга, хот байгуулалтын дэд сайд, Уул уурхай хүнд үйлдвэрийн сайдын алба хашиж байв.
Дашдорж "Монгол тамхи со", "УБ палас" зэрэг компаниудыг эзэмшдэг, Монголын баячуудын тоонд ордог байсан.
2016 оны 2 сард Дашдорж Солонгосын Сөүл хотын казинод покерын тэмцээнд түрүүлж, 100 мянган америк доллар хожсон тухай мэдээ Оросын сайтаар гарч байсан ч өөрөө уг мэдээллийг үгүйсгэж байв.
Есөнбулаг сум (Алтай хот)-ын ерөнхий боловсролын 4-р сургууль болон Цээл сумын ерөнхий боловсролын сургууль 2019 оны 9 сард түүний нэрэмжит болжээ. Мөн Говь-Алтай аймгийн Орон нутгийн судлах музейд түүний эдэлж хэрэглэж байсан 240 гаруй эд зүйлс бүхий нэрэмжит танхим бий.
Лхагвын Эрдэнэбулган

Лхагвын Эрдэнэбулган (төрсөн нэр нь Толя; 1940 оны хоёрдугаар сарын 16-нд Булган аймгийн Бугат суманд төрж, 2021 оны нэгдүгээр сарын 27-нд Улаанбаатар хотод нас барсан) нь Монгол Улсын Урлагийн Гавьяат Зүтгэлтэн цолтой найруулагч байв.
Тэрбээр Богд Хаант Монгол Улсын ерөнхий сайд бөгөөд Монгол Улсын тусгаар тогтнолын төлөө цогтой тэмцэгч Ардын Хатанбаатар Магсаржавын дүрийг Хатанбаатар кинонд тоглон бүтээсэн нь монголын кино урлагийн түүхэнд мөнхрөн үлдэх бүтээл болсон юм.
Эрдэнэбулган нь Булган аймгийн Бугат сумын нутаг дахь Бухын гол хэмээх газарт, өмнө нь хоёр хүүхэд гараад эндсэн айлын хүү болон хорвоод мэндэлжээ. Хүүхэд тогтдоггүй айлд төрсөн болохоор нэрийг Толя хэмээн нэрлээд, гуравхан хоногийн настай түүнийг ламын заавраар айлд өргүүлсэн аж. Энэ нэрээ сүүлд ЗХУ руу их сургуульд сурахаар явах гэтэл орос нэртэй гээд гадаад паспорт олгохгүй байсан тул аргаа барахдаа ахдаа хэлтэл ах нь:
гэснээр ийм нэртэй болжээ.
1962 оноос 1967 оны хооронд Болгар Улсын Софи хот дахь Хөгжмийн Дээд Сургуулийг дуурийн дуучин мэргэжлээр, дараа нь 1975 онд хуучнаар Зөвлөлт Холбоот Улсын Ленинград хот дахь Хөгжмийн Их Сургуулийг театрын найруулагчийн мэргэжлээр тус тус дүүргэсэн байна.
Төгсөж ирээд Улсын Дуурь Бүжгийн Эрдмийн Театрт гоцлол дуучнаар ажиллаж эхэлсэн ба түүнээс хойш дуурийн дуучин, кино жүжигчин, кино найруулагч, театрын найруулагч, уран сайхны удирдагч, театрын даргаар ажиллаж байв.
Эрдэнэбулган нь Монголын ард түмний дуулах дуртай, бараг төрийн дуулалтай эн зэрэгцдэг, зохиолч Жамцын Бадраа (МУСГЗ) ба хөгжмийн зохиолч Цэгмидийн Намсрайжав (МУАЖ) нарын «Түмний нэг» кинонд зориулан бичсэн «Халуун элгэн нутаг» дууг 1962 онд уг кинонд зориулан анх дуулжээ.
Оргодолын Батзориг

Оргодолын Батзориг (1980 оны 9-р сарын 1-нд төрсөн) Монголын кино найруулагч, кино зохиолч, продюсер юм. 1997-2000 онуудад Д.Жигжидийн нэрэмжит КУДС-ийг кино, театр, телевизийн найруулагч мэргэжилээр Хэнмэдэхийн Энхжаргал багшийн удирдлаган дор суралцссан. Тэрээр айдсын, хайрын, адал явдалт зэрэг бүх кинонуудаа инээдмийн жанартай амжилттайгаар хослуулан бүтээдгээрээ онцлог уран бүтээлч юм. Түүний зохиолыг бичиж найруулсан "Шөнө Дундын яриа" 1, 2, "Хамгийн сайхан нь" зэрэг кинонууд нь үзэгч залуусын талархлыг зүй ёсоор хүлээсэн. Akira Kurosawa, Federico Fellini, Antoine Fuqua, Fyodor Bondarchuk, Aleksei Balabanov зэрэг найруулагчдыг хүндэтгэн кинонуудаас нь үзэж, суралцдаг.
О.Батзориг нь Монголын киноны ноён оргил "Мандухай Сэцэн Хатан" "Мөнх тэнгэрийн хүчин дор" "Алтан шонхор" зэрэг түүхэн кинонуудын бүхий л гол дүрийн хувцас хэрэглэлийг ерөнхийлөн гардаж хийсэн зураач, уран дархан С.Оргодолын хүү юм. Түүний кинонууд дийлэнхи нь айдас, адал явдлын төрлөөр хийгддэг хэдий ч кинонуудынх нь үзэл санаа нь шударга ёс, хүнлэг энэрэнгүй амьдрал, эр зориг, үнэнч нөхөрлөл, цэвэр ариун хайр дурлалыг магтан дуулдаг.
Монголын Телевизүүдийн Холбооны Алтан шонхор наадам Шилдэг найруулагч 2012 он
"Watch DOC" Олон улсын баримтат кино наадамаас "Гранпри" шагнал. "Далд пирамид" 2009 он
"Олон улсын Хүний эрхийг хамгаалах" Кино Фестиваль "Шилдэг найруулагч" "Шилдэг бүтээл" шагнал. "The Dark" 2012 он
"Mongolian Academy awards-2013"."Шилдэг дебют кино". "Шөнө дундын яриа" УСК
МУ-ын Соёлын Тэргүүний ажилтан.
Зохион байгуулж, найруулсан тайзны шоу, тоглолтууд:
"Яавал дээр вэ" Болор хамтлаг. /ерөнхий найруулагч/ 1999 он МҮСТО
"Таван толгой" ХК-ийн 40 жилийн ойн баяр наадам. /ерөнхий найруулагч, зохион байгуулагч/ 2005 он Өмнө-Говь аймаг
"Ш.Гүрбазар" Яруу найрагч Ш.Гүрбазарын тоглолт 2003 он UB Palace их танхим
"Мичид рекордс 5 жил" 2005 он UB Palace Open air /найруулагч/
"Зүүн бүсийн театр""Жаахан шарга"-ын нээлтийн хүндэтгэлийн концерт /ерөнхий найруулагч / 2007 он Сүхбаатар аймаг
"Опозит байгаа цагт" /ерөнхий найруулагч / 2012 он УБ хот
"Vanquish Цэцэ and Опозит Гантулга" /ерөнхий найруулагч / 2012 он Дархан хот Залуучууд театр
"Опозит 2013" продюсер ӨМӨЗО Хөх хот
"Намдагийн Төмөрхуяг" /ерөнхий найруулагч / UB Palace концертын их танхим. 2015 он
"Хуучирын Бодьсүрэн" Дуурь бүжгийн эрдмийн театр 2017 он
"Мongolias Best Dance Crew " төслийн эзэн. 140 дугаар. Орчин үеийн бүжгийн тэмцээн. /ерөнхий найруулагч МҮОНТВ 2010 он
"Эгэл амьдралын яриа" Увс аймгийн 10 сумын танилцуулга нэвтрүүлэг 10 дугаар. /ерөнхий найруулагч 2012 он
Залуусыг ажил хөдөлмөрт уриалан дуудсан "Бригад" төслийн зохиогч, санаачилагч, ерөнхий найруулагч 2016 Монгол HD ТВ.
"Бригад-2" төслийн эзэн, зохиогч, санаачилагч, ерөнхий найруулагч продюсер. 2023 он Монгол HD ТВ
"Далд пирамид" /зохиолыг бичиж найруулсан /2009 он
"Цэнхэр хязгаар" Увс аймгийн баримтат кино /зохиолыг бичиж найруулсан /2012 он
"Популизм" Баримтат hard punk Short documentary series 10цуврал 2020 он
Доржнямын Шинэцог

Доржнямын Шинэцог (төрсөн нэр нь: Доржнямын Гени; * 1985 оны 7 сарын 12-нд Сүхбаатар аймгийн Баруун-Урт сум) нь Монголын үндэсний хөгжимчин, морин хуурч юм. "Бөртэ", "Домог" хамтлагуудын бүрэлдэхүүнд тоглодог.
Тэрбээр 1997-2007 онд Хөгжим бүжгийн дунд сургуулийг Ц.Амаржаргал багшийн удирдлага дор суралцаж төгссөн.
Mongolian State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet

The Mongolian State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet (Mongolian: Улсын дуурь бүжгийн эрдмийн театр; also known as the National Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet) was established on 15 May 1963 as the State Musical Drama Theatre. It was split into the State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet and the State Academic Drama Theatre upon the resolution 132/182 of 10 May 1963 by the Council of Ministers of the People's Republic of Mongolia and the Central Committee of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. The State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet held its opening ceremony on 18 May 1963 with Tchaikovsky’s Eugene Onegin.
The theatre's neoclassical building is located on the eastern side of Sükhbaatar Square in Sükhbaatar District.
The repertoire of State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet has more than 100 national and world classical works including 56 ballets and 54 operas. The operatic repertoire include world classic operas such as Mozart's Don Giovanni and The Magic Flute, Donizetti's Lucia di Lammermoor, Puccini's Turandot, La Bohème, and Tosca, Verdi's La traviata, Aida, and Rigoletto, Bizet's Carmen, Rossini's The Barber of Seville and Otello, Gounod's Faust, Borodin's Prince Igor, and Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin, as well as Mongolian operas such as B. Sharav's Chinggis Khaan, Kh. Bilegjargal's Tears of Lama, B. Damdinsuren's Strife, D. Luvsansharav's Bare Truth and Khara Khorum, D. Janchiv's Blue Silk Deel and Ts. Natsagdorj's Ogodei Khaan. State Without A Seal (Tamgagui Tur) was performed at the theatre before transferring to the London Coliseum under the title The Mongol Khan. The ballet repertoire include Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake and The Nutcracker, Shostakovich's The Limpid Stream, Pugni's La Esmeralda, Gounod's Walpurgisnacht, Asafyev's The Fountain of Bakhchisarai, Adam's Giselle and Le corsaire, and Prokofiev's Romeo and Juliet and Zolushka, as well as many Mongolian ballets including S. Gonchigsumlaa's Khoshuu Naadam, B. Damdinsuren's Lake Legend, Ts. Natsagdorj's Guyug Khaan, A. Batdelger's Geser Nomun Khaan, and Z. Khangal's Treasure Girls.
Currently more than 270 artists, staff and administrators are serving the Mongolian people with the national and world classical opera, ballet and music.
The 2019 Mongolian government budget included items for the demolition of a number of neoclassical buildings in the centre of Ulaanbaatar, including the Opera and Ballet House. The decision was met by a public outcry and criticism from the Union of Mongolian Architects, which demanded that the building be preserved and restored. In January 2020, culture minister Yondonperenlein Baatarbileg denied that the government intended to demolish the buildings and stated that the government plans to renovate them instead.
Media related to National Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet of Mongolia at Wikimedia Commons
Ulaanbaatar City FC

Ulaanbaatar City Football Club was a professional football club from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. They played in the Mongolian National Premier League, the highest level of football in Mongolia.
The club was founded on 19 March 2016 with club owner, the IT Group, purchasing the Mongolia Premier League license of Khangarid City FC which was subsequently dissolved. The IT Group paid 15 million MNT for the license.
Ulaanbaatar City won the Premier League championship for the first time in 2019, making them eligible to enter the AFC Cup for the first time for the 2020 edition. The team snapped Erchim FC's four-year championship streak in the process. However, the continental tournament was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic before Ulaanbaatar City played its first match.
Through the 2019 season, Ulaanbaatar City FC shared the MFF Football Centre as a home ground. Ground was broken for the construction of the team's own G-Mobile Arena in late summer of 2017 with an original anticipated completion being in the third quarter of 2018. The stadium will be the fifth venue in the league along with the MFF Centre, Erdenet Stadium, the National Sports Stadium, and Erchim Stadium.
Champion Runners-up 3rd Place
Districts of Ulaanbaatar

Ulaanbaatar is divided into nine düüregs or municipal districts: Baganuur, Bagakhangai, Bayangol, Bayanzürkh, Chingeltei, Khan Uul, Nalaikh, Songino Khairkhan and Sükhbaatar. Each district is subdivided into khoroos, of which there are 204. Each düüreg also serves as a constituency that elects one or more representatives into the State Great Khural, the national parliament.
After the adoption of the third constitution in 1960, Ulaanbaatar consisted of four districts. In 1990, the city was reorganized to have six districts.
2020 population estimate from Ulaanbaatar city Agency for Statistics.
Although administratively part of Ulaanbaatar, Nalaikh and Baganuur are separate cities. Bagakhangai and Baganuur are noncontiguous exclaves, the former located within the Töv Province, the latter on the border between the Töv and Khentii provinces.
FC Ulaanbaatar

FC Ulaanbaatar (Mongolian: ФС Улаанбаатар) is a professional football club based in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The club currently competes in the Mongolian Premier League. It is a two-time champion of the league since its founding in 2010.
FC Ulaanbaatar was founded in 2010. They participated in the Mongolia Premier League for the first time the following season. That year, the club defeated Ulaanbaatar DS 1–0 in the championship final to win the title. Over the next decade, the club finished as runners-up in 2015, 2018, 2020, and 2021–22 before capturing their second title after twelve years in 2022-23 under head coach Vojislav Bralušić. That year, the club also won the MFF Cup for the first time to complete the double.
By virtue of their league championship in 2022–23, FC Ulaanbaatar earned the right to participate in continental competition for the first time. The team entered the 2023–24 AFC Cup and were placed into Group I with Macau's Chao Pak Kei and Taiwan Steel and Taichung Futuro of Taiwan. FC Ulaanbaatar won its first match in the competition, a 3 –1 victory over Taiwan Steel on 21 September 2023. With the win, FC Ulaanbaatar became the first Mongolian club to win a match in the final round of the AFC Cup. Ultimately, the club would fail to advance to the next round, being edged out by Taichung Futuro on goal-difference with both clubs sitting at twelve points.
Champion Runners-up 3rd Place
Scores list FC Ulaanbaatar’s goal tally first.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Outline of Mongolia

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Mongolia:
Mongolia is a landlocked sovereign state in East Asia. It borders Russia to the north and China to the south. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city, is home to about 38% of the population.
At 1,564,116 square kilometres (603,909 sq mi), Mongolia is the nineteenth largest, and the most sparsely populated independent country in the world with a population of around 2.9 million people. It is also the world's second-largest landlocked country after Kazakhstan. The country contains very little arable land, as much of its area is covered by arid and unproductive steppes, with mountains to the north and west and the Gobi Desert to the south. Approximately thirty percent of the country's 2.9 million people are nomadic or semi-nomadic. The predominant religion in Mongolia is Tibetan Buddhism, and the majority of the state's citizens are of the Mongol ethnicity, though Kazakhs, Tuvans, and other minorities also live in the country, especially in the west.
Geography of Mongolia
Administrative divisions of Mongolia
Aimags of Mongolia
Sums of Mongolia
Demographics of Mongolia
Politics of Mongolia
Government of Mongolia
Judiciary of Mongolia
Foreign relations of Mongolia
Mongolia is a member of:
Law of Mongolia
Military of Mongolia
Local government in Mongolia
Culture of Mongolia
Sports in Mongolia
Economy of Mongolia
Education in Mongolia
Mongolia
Wikimedia Atlas of Mongolia
Low-rise building

A low-rise is a building that is only a few stories tall or any building that is shorter than a high-rise, though others include the classification of mid-rise.
Emporis defines a low-rise as "an enclosed structure below 35 metres [115 feet] which is divided into regular floor levels". The city of Toronto defines a mid-rise as a building between four and twelve stories. They also have elevators and stairs. Shorter structures may only have stairs.
Low-rise apartments sometimes offer more privacy and negotiability of rent and utilities than high-rise apartments, although they may have fewer amenities and less flexibility with leases. It is easier to put fires out in low-rise buildings.
Within the United States, due to the legal-economic and modernist perspectives, low-rises can in some cities be seen as less luxurious than high-rises, whereas within Western Europe (for historical identity and legal reasons) low-rise tends to be more attractive. Some businesses prefer low-rise buildings due to lower costs and more usable space. Having all employees on a single floor may also increase work productivity.
Aurora Place

Aurora Place is a commercial skyscraper and residential block on Phillip Street in Sydney, Australia. Designed by Renzo Piano, the 41-storey building stands at a height of 218 m (715 ft) high to the top of the spire and 188 m (617 ft) to the roof.
The building has an unusual geometric shape where not one panel is parallel to any grid. The east façade bulges out slightly from its base, reaching its maximum width at the top floors. The curved and twisted shape of east façade is aimed to correspond spatially with Sydney Opera House and to represent the sublime marine environment of the harbour. The exterior glass curtain-wall extends beyond the main frame, creating an illusion of its independence. The steel spire attached to the north facade is 75 metres in length.
Uniquely for an office building of its size and age, Aurora Place features a number of winter gardens, providing natural environments for the building's tenants. These winter gardens are located in the North West and South East corners of the tower floor place, facing Sydney Harbour and the adjacent botanical gardens, with sophisticated operable louvre facades.
Aurora Place also features a significant collection of art on public display, reported to be among the most valuable corporate art commissions in Australia. Artists featured at Aurora Place include Kan Yasuda, Caio Fonseca and Tim Prentice.
The building was built on the site of the former State Office Block by Bovis Lend Lease. The assumptions of a planned tower were first presented to the Central Sydney Planning Committee in 1996, when three main architects: Mark Carroll, Shunji Ishida and Renzo Piano put forward the innovative project. The building was sold in January 2001 for $485 million. Aurora Place was the winner of prestigious 2002 Property Council of Australia Rider Hunt Award, handled out for technical and financial qualities. On 2 June 2009, French urban climber Alain Robert scaled this building in protest against climate change.
Materials that are used for this building were unique compared to its neighbours, Chifley Tower and Governor Phillip Tower. The façade which makes up the primary component of the building is the milky white fritted glass which has been laminated. The aesthetics of the material gives a visual metaphor of a sail. It is inspired by the tiling of the Sydney Opera House, which is 800 metres (less than half a mile) to the north. Terracotta tiles makes up much of the lower section of the building to contrast the white dominated glass cladding. It also reconciles the orange-clad lobby and the residential complex.
A number of international law firms, namely Jones Day (level 41) and Squire Patton Boggs (level 17), are tenants in the building, as well as the world’s largest management consulting firm, McKinsey & Company (level 35).
Media related to Aurora Place at Wikimedia Commons
33°51′53.89″S 151°12′43.03″E﻿ / ﻿33.8649694°S 151.2119528°E﻿ / -33.8649694; 151.2119528
List of tallest buildings and structures in the Paris region

The tallest structure in the City of Paris and the Île-de-France remains the Eiffel Tower in the 7th arrondissement, 330 meters high, completed in 1889 as the gateway to the 1889 Paris Universal Exposition. The tallest building in the Paris region is the Tour Link, at 242 meters, located in La Défense. It is tied for ninth place among the tallest buildings in the European Union. The tallest building within the city limits of Paris is the Tour Montparnasse, 210 meters high.
The Paris region has four of the tallest twenty-five buildings in the European Union: the tour Link, the Tour First, the Tour Hekla, and the Tour Montparnasse. As of 2022, there are 23 skyscrapers that reach a roof height of at least 150 metres (490 ft).
Most of the Paris region's high-rise buildings are located in three distinct areas:
Other high-rise buildings are scattered throughout the Paris area, mainly in close proximity to the Périphérique freeway. These include Les Mercuriales in Bagnolet, the Tour Pleyel in Saint-Denis, and the Hôtel Hyatt Regency Paris Étoile in the city proper (near the Porte Maillot).
However the tallest tower is built within central Paris: the iconic Eiffel Tower standing alongside the Seine River at the heart of the 7th arrondissement. Built in 1889, it was the first man-made structure in the world to exceed 1,000 feet.
This list ranks the Paris area buildings and structures that stand at least 100 meters tall. Existing structures are included for ranking purposes based on present height.
This is a list of structures that are either under construction or due to start construction soon. Structures are sorted by planned height. The Authority managing La Défense, the EPAD, has launched several contests for new towers in a large scale operation of renovation of the business district. Other proposed projects are currently being talked about in other municipalities of the inner suburbs such as Issy-les-Moulineaux, Boulogne-Billancourt or Saint-Denis.
قلفی

قلفی پاکستان اور ھندوستان میں ملنے والی ایک ٹھنڈی مٹھائی کا نام ہے۔ قلفی کو کبھی کبھی اس علاقے کی روایتی آئس کریم بھی کہا جاتا ہے۔ قلفی عام طور پر آئس کریم سے زیادہ گاڑھی اور ملای دار ہوتی ہے، کیونکی آئس کریم کو زور سے پھینٹ کر اسمے ہوا ملائی جاتی ہے جبکہ قلفی بنانے میں دودھ کو ابالا دے کر اسے جمایا جاتا ہے۔ قلفی اکثر گائے کی بجائے بھینس کے دودھ کی بنائی جاتی ہے کیونکی یہ زیادہ گڑھا ہوتا ہے۔
ممکنہ طور پر قلفی شاہان مغلیہ کے دور میں پہلی بار بنائی گئی، مغلوں نے ہندستان پر 16ویں سے 18ویں صدی تک حکومت کی ہے۔ یہ ہمالیہ سے لائی ہوئی برف کا استعمال کرتے ہوئے شاہی کچن میں تیار کی گئی۔ آئین اکبری میں یہ لکھا گیا ہے، جو مغل شہنشاہ اکبر کے دور حکومت کا تفصیلی تاریخچہ ہے۔
پاکولا

پاکولا پورا نام پاکستان-کولا، ایک پاکستانی مشروب ہے.
پاکولا دھاراجی (بھارت) کے ٹیلی فیملی کے سات بھائیوں کی تخلیق تھی جو 1947 میں پاکستان ہجرت کرگئی۔پکولا کا خیال اس کے بانی حاجی علی محمد سے آیا ، جس نے ایک مشروب تیار کرنے کا خواب دیکھا تھا جس میں پاکستان کے حقیقی عکاسی اور ذائقہ کی تصویر کشی کی گئی تھی۔ . اپنے خواب کی تعبیر کے ، حاجی علی محمد نے کراچی میں لارنس روڈ پر صرف دو مشینوں والی ایک چھوٹی فیکٹری کھولی جس میں پاکولا آئس کریم سوڈا ابتدائی مصنوع تھا۔
یونی لیور پاکستان

یونی لیور پاکستان لمیٹڈ (یو پی ایل) ، سابقہ لیور برادرز پاکستان لمیٹڈ 1948 میں پاکستان میں قائم ہوئی۔
رحیم یار خان نامی قصبہ سائٹ کا انتخاب کیا گیا تھا جو ذاتی نگہداشت کی فیکٹری لگانے کے لیے منتخب کیا گیا تھا۔ یونی لیور پاکستان میں سب سے بڑی تیزی سے چلنے والی کنزیومر گڈز (ایف ایم سی جی) کمپنی ہے ، نیز اس ملک میں چلنے والی سب سے بڑی ملٹی نیشنل کمپنیوں میں سے ایک ہے۔ اب ملک بھر کے مختلف مقامات پر چھ فیکٹریاں چلا رہے ہیں۔ یونی لیور کے ہیڈ آفس کو 1960 کی دہائی کے وسط میں رحیم یار خان سائٹ سے کراچی منتقل کر دیا گیا۔
2004 میں ، یونی لیور پاکستان نے اپنا بناسپتی اور تیل کا کاروبار (مارجرین کی مصنوعات کے علاوہ) میسرز ڈیلڈا فوڈز (پرائیوٹ) لمیٹڈ (ڈالڈا ) کو فروخت کیا۔ لیکن بعد میں دونوں کمپنیوں نے عدم مسابقت کا ایک اور معاہدہ بھی کیا ، جس کے تحت ڈالڈا فوڈز کو 250 ملین روپے کے عوض پانچ سال کے عرصے تک بناسپتی اور تیل کے کاروبار میں مقابلہ کرنے پر پابندی عائد کردی گئی۔ اجارہ داری کنٹرول اتھارٹی آف پاکستان نے یونی لیور پاکستان لمیٹڈ کو شوکاز نوٹس جاری کرتے ہوئے اس معاہدے کو اجارہ داری قوانین کی خلاف ورزی قرار دیا لیکن یونی لیور پاکستان نے اس حکم کو نظر انداز کرتے ہوئے سندھ ہائیکورٹ میں اپیل دائر کردی۔ اپیل ابھی سماعت کے لیے زیر التوا ہے۔
مجیب ظفر انوار حمیدی

پروفیسر مجیب ظفر انوار حمیدی (1959ء-2020) بچوں کے معروف پاکستانی ادیب تھے۔ آپ 24 اگست 1959ء کو کراچی کے علاقے لیاقت آباد میں پیدا ہوئے۔ آپ کے والد کا نام انوار حسین حمیدی اور والدہ کا نام فاطمہ اختر نصیری ہے۔ پروفیسر مجیب ظفر انوار حمیدی نے 1974ء میں میٹرک کا امتحان پاس کیا اور پھر ڈی جے سائنس کالج سے 1978ء میں انٹرنس کیا بعد ازاں آپ نے جامعہ کراچی سے بی۔ اے اور اسی جامعہ سے پی ایچ ڈی کر رہے تھے، آپ بچوں کے ایک ماہر ادیب اور " پاکستان چلڈرن رائٹرز گلڈ " کے بانی بھی تھے۔
پروفیسر مجیب ظفر انوار حمیدی نے پاکستان اسٹیل کیڈٹ کالج میں بھی پڑھایا۔
بہت کم لوگ جانتے ہیں کہ بچوں کے مقبول ترین پاکستانی ادیب کا اصلی نام سید یوسف حسین جمال ہے۔
مجیب ظفر حمیدی بدایوں خاندان سے تعلق رکھتے ہیں۔ مجیب ظفر حمیدی کی اہلیہ کانام سیدہ ناہید مجیب ہے جبکہ زین بیٹا اور مریم بیٹی ہے۔ وہ پاکستان چلڈرن رائٹرز گلڈ کی صدر ہیں جبکہ پروفیسر مجیب ظفر انوار حمیدی "پاکستان چلڈرن رائٹرز گلڈ " کے بانی ہیں۔
پروفیسر مجیب ظفر انوار حمیدی نے ہزاروں کی تعداد میں بچوں کی کہانیاں، نظمیں اور ڈرامے لکھے ہیں۔ آپ آرٹس کونسل آف پاکستان کی ادبی کمیٹی اور لائبریری کمیٹی کے رکن بھی رہے۔
بچوں اور بڑوں کے معروف ادیب پروفیسر مجیب ظفر انوار حمیدی نے بچوں کے لیے 8000 سے زیادہ کہانیاں لکھی ہیں جو مشہور رسالوں "پھول"، "تعلیم و تربیت"، "نونہال" وغیرہ میں شایع ہوئیں ہیں۔
12 نومبر 2020ء کو وفات پاگئے ،