davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Basa Melayu Papua

Basa Melayu Papua ya iku sawiji jinis basa Melayu kang dituturké ing wewengkon Papua. Basa iki kegolong basa kang enom lan jinis basa kreol Melayu miturut Ethnologue. Basa iki ngembang kira-kira 130 taun kepungkur. Enggon asal basa iki durung cetha banget, nanging kira-kira ing sekitar pesisir Papua Kulon. Miturut Rowley (1972) munculé basa iki bisa dikira-kira nalika abad 14 Maséhi. Pengaruh Melayu miwiti nalika akéh pedagang-pedagang netep ing daérah Seram lan Tidoré, nuli njalar marang Papua. Van Velzen (1995) mratélakaké basa Melayu iku duwé wilayah komunikasi basa kang luwih amba sedurungé bangsa Èropa pertama teka. Ing taun 1705 wong Èropa kang pertama teka ing Yapén Waropén, dhèwéké bisa nganggo basa Melayu karo penduduk lokal ing kana. Suku bangsa kang ana ing Yapén Waropén iku Biak. Van Velzen dudutané antarané wong Biak kang pertama ngenal basa Melayu. Basa Melayu Papua dititèni kaya basa Melayu Ambon utawa Menado amarga akéh cekakan tembung.
yang kemarin, “Aku ngandhani sithik cecawis kita wingi bab acara kawinan mbakyu”.
Pratélan wong sing nggawa gendéra Indhonésia ing Olimpiade

Ing ngisor iku kapacak pratélan jeneng-jeneng penggawa gendera sing ngewakili Indonesia ing Olimpiade. Diitung saka Olimpiade 1972, Wiem Gommies dadi penggawa gendera Indonesia kanggo pisanan dene Maria Natalia Londa dadi penggawa gendera wedhok Indonesia pisanan sawise dhèwèké kepilih ing Olimpiade 2016.
Penggawa gendera nggawa gendera nasional negara masing-masing dening upacara pambuka ing Olimpiade.
Aubertin Mallaby

Aubertin Walter Sothern (A.W.S.) Mallaby utawa uga misuwur Brigadir Jenderal Mallaby (lair ing Karajan Manunggal, 12 Dhésèmber 1899 – pati ing Surabaya, Indonésia, 30 Oktober 1945 ing umur 45 taun) ya iku brigadir jenderal Karajan Manunggal sing tilar donya inga prastawa tembak-tembakan 30 Oktober ing Surabaya lan nyurung metuné ultimatum Inggris lan mbledose Paprangan 10 November. Brigadir Jenderal Mallaby ya iku komandan Brigade 49 Divisi India kanthi kakuwatan ± 6.000 prajurit sing péranganing Allied Forces Netherlands East Indies (AFNEI), prajurit Sakuthu sing dikirim ing Indonésia sawisé Perang Donya II kanggo nglucuti senjatané wadya Jepang, mbebasaké tawanan perang Jepang lan mbalèkaké Indonésia manèh dadi Hindia Walanda kakuasaan Walanda ing ngisor administrasi NICA (Netherlands Indies Civil Administration).
Mallaby mimpin wadyabalane lumebu Surabaya ing tanggal 25 Oktober 1945 kanggo nglucuti wadya Jepang jumbuh karo isi Perjanjian Yalta. Tujuan iki éntuk perlawanan saka prajurit Indonésia amarga AFNEI nuntut panjenengané nyerahake senjata-senjata sing wes dirampas déning Indonésia luwih disik saka Jepang. Lekas pirang-pirang masalah senjata ing antarané rong prajurit, sing salah sijiné nalika tanggal 30 Oktober 1945 ing cedhak Jembatan Merah, Surabaya. Mobil Buick sing ditumpaki Mallaby dicegat déning prajurit saka Indonésia nalika arep lumantar kreteg lan njalari kadadéan tembak-tembakan sing akhire Mallaby tilar donya déning tembakan pistol salah sijining nom-noman Indonésia sing tekan saiki ora dingertèni identitase, lan kobonge montor Mallaby amarga mbledose salah sijining granat sing njalari mayit Mallaby angèl dikenali.
Surabaya
Tilar donyane Mallaby njalari Mayor Jenderal E.C. Mansergh, sing ngganti Mallaby ngetokaké ultimatum kanggo prajurit Indonésia ing Surabaya tanggal 9 November 1945 kanggo nyerahake senjata tanpa syarat. Ing tanggal 10 November 1945 lekas Paprangan 10 November amarga pihak Indonésia ora peduli karo ultimatum iki.
Perang taun 1812

Perang taun 1812 iku perang antara Amérikah Sarékat lan Britania Raya ing taun 1812 nganti taun 1815, sanadyan traktat damai ditapakasmani ing taun 1814. Ing pungkasan perang, 1.600 bala Britania lan 2.260 bala Amérika tiwas.
NICA

NICA utawa Nederlandsch Indië Civil Administratie utawa Netherlands-Indies Civil Administration (lit. "Papréntahan Sipil Hindhia Walanda") ya iku bala sekuthu kang duwé tugas ngontrol laladan jajahan Hindhia-Walanda sawisé Jepang nyerah tanpa syarat marang Sakuthu nalika Perang Donya II ing tanggal 14 Agustus 1945. Laladan Hindhia-Walanda saiki ana ing nagara Indonésia. NICA numpang Sakuthu nalika teka ing Indonésia sawisé rampung Perang Donya II.
Sawisé kasil ngalahaké Jepang, Komando sekuthu Asia Kidul-Wétan ing Singapura ngutus pitu perwira Inggris pimpinan mayor A.G. Greenhalgh lunga menyang Indonésia. Para perwira mau teka ing ing Indonésia tanggal 8 September 1945 kanthi tugas nyinaoni lan nglapuraké kaanan ing Indonésia ngadhepi pandharatan rombongan Sakuthu.
Ing tanggal 16 September 1945 rombongan perwakilan Sakuthu ndharat ing plabuhan Tanjung Priok Jakarta nganggo kapal Cumberland. Rombongan iki kabawah Laksamana Muda W.R. Petterson. sajeroning rombongan iki mèlu uga C.H.O. Van Der Plas makili Dr. H.J. Van Mook, Kepala Nica. Sakuthu nugasaké komando mligi kanggo ngurus Indonésia kanthi jeneng Allied Forces Neherlands East Indies (AFNEI). Komando mligi kang dibawahi Letnan jenderal Sir Philip Christison iki duwé tugas:
AFNEI wiwit ndharataké pasukané ing Jakarta tanggal 29 September 1945. Pasukan iki mung ing Sumatra lan Jawa, déné ing laladan Indonésia liyané dipasrahaké marang angkatan perang Australia. Tekané sekuthu ing Indonésia sakawit olèh atur sapala apik saka rakyat Indonésia, kaya déné tekané Jepang biyèn. Aanging sawisé diweruhi yèn tekané dikanthèni wong-wong NICA, sikap rakyat Indonésia owah dadi curiga lan malah memungsuhan. Bangsa Indonésia meruhi yèn NICA niyat arep ngadegaké manèh kakuwasané. Situasi owah dadi luwih kisruh nalika NICA maringi gaman marang tilas anggota Koninklijk Nederlands Indies Leger (KNIL). Ékan – ékan KNIL kang wis dibébasaké déning Jepang banjur gabung karo bala NICA. Ing sawatara laladan, NICA lan KNIL kang dijurung Inggris/Sakuthu nglancaraké provokasi lan téror marang para pemimpin nasional saéngga pecah pertempuran ing laladan-laladan kaya Surabaya, Sukabumi, Medan, Ambarawa, Menado lan Bandung.
Prau panumpes Jerman Z21 Wilhelm Heidkamp

Prau Z21 Wilhelm Heidkamp iku prau panumpes tipe 1936 kang kaanggo nalika Perang Donya II darbéné Wadya Sagara Jerman Nazi. Aran prau iki saka jenengé Pumpenmeister Wilhelm Heidkamp (1883 – 1931).
Prau iki kapernahaké rikala 15 Dhésèmber 1936 ing Bremen déning AG Weser; banjur kababar rikala 20 Agustus 1938. Prau iki kinepyakaké rikala 20 Juni 1939 ing pamangkuné Korvettenkapitän Hans Erdmenger.
Z21 kèrem rikala 11 April 1940 ing Plabuhan Narvik (68°25′N 17°24′E﻿ / ﻿68.417°N 17.400°E﻿ / 68.417; 17.400).
DreamWorks

DreamWorks, LLC, ugi dipuntèpang dados DreamWorks Pictures, DreamWorks SKG, utawi DreamWorks Studios, inggih punika perusahaan ndamèl filem utama ing Amérikah Sarékat, ingkang ndamèl, ngasilakèn lan masarakè filem-filem, video permainan lan program-program televisi. Ménika sampun ngasilakè utawinipun masarakè mbotn kirang saking sédasa buah filem kaliyan pikolèh kotor saking filem-filem ingkang gayuh "box-office" ingkang US$ 100 yuta per filemnipun. Filmnipun ingkang paling sukses ènggal-ènggal punika ya iku Shrek 2. Perusahaan punika dipunwiwiti dipundiriakèn ing taun 1994 dados wadhah kanggé nuangakèn ide-ide ingkang saé kanggé nimpuna mèdia, Steven Spielberg, Jeffrey Katzenberg, lan David Geffen (Inisial saking pendiri tiga punika , ya iku S saking Spielberg, K saking Katzenberg lan G saking Geffen mbèntuk seratan SKG ingkang katinggal ing pérangan ngandap saking logo perusahaan punika) kanggé ndamèl sebuah studio Hollywood ingkang énggal. salajengipun ing wulan Dhésèmber 2005, kaping tiga pendiri mau sarujuk kanggé sade ing Viacom, perusahaan induk saking Paramount Pictures. Prosès sadean punika saged dipunrampungake ing wulan Fèbruari 2006. Salah satunggaling péranganing perusahaan punika ingkang mbidangi animasi sampun dipunpisahaken saking perusahaan indukipun ing taun 2004, dados DreamWorks Animation SKG. Film-filemnipun dipunedaraken Paramount, nanging pérangan animasi ajeg punika pérangan ingkang kapisahaken ingkang saw Paramount utawi Viacom.
Ing taun 2008, DreamWorks mutus kemitraan saking Paramount lan mbayar US$1.5 biliun kanggé produksi filem saking Reliance ADA Group, nanging setahun salajengipun medamelaken sami ugi dateng Paramount. ing tanggal 9 Fèbruari 2009, DreamWorks lan Paramount mlenbet 6 taun, 30 produksi filem déning The Walt Disney Company, yang memegang DreamWorks sebanyak 50%.
DreamWorks gadhah alatan mliginipun televisi, inggih punika DreamWorks Television
Public Enemies (film 2009)

Public Enemies iku sawijining filem drama kadurjanan Amérikah Sarékat kang dirilis ing taun 2009. Film iki disutradarani Michael Mann. Mann uga mèlu nulis. Sèttingé ana ing Amérikah Sarékat nalika jaman Great Depression. Fokusé filem iku dhedhasar kisah nyata agèn FBI Melvin Purvis kang ngoyak para durjana John Dillinger, Baby Face Nelson, lan Pretty Boy Floyd. Film iki sawijining adhaptasi saka buku non-fiksiné Bryan Burrough kang nduwé irah-irahan Public Enemies: America's Greatest Crime Wave and the Birth of the FBI, 1933–34. Christian Bale kang meranaké agèn FBI Purvis, Johnny Depp meranaké Dillinger, Marion Cotillard meranaké pacaré Dillinger, Billie Frechette, Channing Tatum meranaké Floyd lan Giovanni Ribisi meranaké Alvin Karpis.
Dhomain publik

Dhomain publik, dhomain umum, utawa darbéning warga (basa Inggris: public domain) wohing laku kréatif lan kawruh kaya ta tulisan, karya kagunan (artwork), musik, sains, rerékan (invention), lan liya-liyané kang ora ana sawenèh wong utawa organisasi kang duwé kawigatèn proprietari (kawigatèn proprietary racaké dilakoni kanthi mènèhi hak cipta utawa patèn) marang bab-bab mau. Karya lan rerékan kang ana ing dhomain publik kaaran péranganing warisan budaya publik, lan saben wong bisa nggunakaké tanpa watesan (ora kalebu ukum kang magepokan karo pangayoman, èspor, lsp.).
Hak cipta rinancang kanggo tetawa anggoné ngembangaké kagunan (art) lan kawruh kanthi mènèhi panyengkuyung dana marang kang ngréka. Publik nduwé hak kanggo migunakaké tanpa kabotan prakara dana utawa sosial. Nalika hak cipta utawa watesan liyané wis tekan wayah pungkasan uripé, karya dibalèkaké menyang dhomain publik.
Basa Pali

Basa Pali (पाळि Pāḷi) iku basa suciné agama Buda, mligi aliran Theravada. Statusé basa iki bisa dipadhakaké basa Sangskreta. Basa Pali iku mèmper basa Sangskreta nanging luwih anyar utawa mutakir. Conthoné tembung "darma" iku ing basa Sansekerta "dharma", nanging ing basa Pali "dhamma". Basa Pali bisa diarani sawijning Basa Prakreta.
Basa Pali akèh digunakaké ing Sri Langka minangka basa liturgis.
Grafiti

[[File:Abandoned aircraft museum at Khodynka airdrome (7721083396).jpg|220px|thumb|Mi-6直升機上的塗鴉噴漆]] Miturut basa Indonesia, grafiti ya iku serapan saka basa asing grafiti. Miturut Webster’s New World College Dictionary (1996: 585), grafiti ya iku tulisan slogan utawa gambar kang dicorètaké ana ing témbok, panggonan umum, utawa médhia, kang bisa dideleng déning masarakat. Miturut Wikipedia, grafiti ya iku tulisan kang ana ing panggonan umum utawa médhia kang ora diduwèni déning para seniman.
ꦒꦿꦥ꦳ꦶꦠꦶ

꧋ꦩꦶꦠꦸꦫꦸꦠ꧀ꦧꦱꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪ꧈ꦒꦿꦥ꦳ꦶꦠꦶꦪꦲꦶꦏꦸꦱꦼꦫꦥꦤ꧀ꦱꦏꦧꦱꦲꦱꦶꦁꦒꦿꦥ꦳ꦶꦠꦶ꧉ꦩꦶꦠꦸꦫꦸꦠ꧀ꦮꦼꦧ꧀ꦱ꧀ꦠꦼꦂ’ꦱ꧀ꦤꦼꦮ꧀ꦮꦺꦴꦂꦭ꧀ꦢ꧀ꦕꦺꦴꦭ꧀ꦭꦼꦒꦼꦢꦶꦕ꧀ꦠꦶꦪꦺꦴꦤꦂꦪ꧀(꧇꧑꧙꧙꧖꧇:꧇꧕꧘꧕꧇)꧈ꦒꦿꦥ꦳ꦶꦠꦶꦪꦆꦏꦸꦠꦸꦭꦶꦱꦤ꧀ꦱ꧀ꦭꦺꦴꦒꦤ꧀ꦲꦸꦠꦮꦒꦩ꧀ꦧꦂꦏꦁꦢꦶꦕꦺꦴꦫꦺꦠꦏꦺꦲꦤꦲꦶꦁꦠꦺꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦴꦏ꧀ꦥꦁꦒꦺꦴꦤꦤ꧀ꦲꦸꦩꦸꦩ꧀ꦲꦸꦠꦮꦩꦺꦝꦶꦪ꧈ꦏꦁꦧꦶꦱꦢꦶꦢꦼꦊꦁꦢꦺꦤꦶꦁꦩꦱꦫꦏꦠ꧀꧉ꦩꦶꦠꦸꦫꦸꦠ꧀ꦮꦶꦏꦶꦥꦼꦢꦶꦪ꧈ꦒꦿꦥ꦳ꦶꦠꦶꦪꦆꦏꦸꦠꦸꦭꦶꦱꦤ꧀ꦏꦁꦲꦤꦲꦶꦁꦥꦁꦒꦺꦴꦤꦤ꧀ꦲꦸꦩꦸꦩ꧀ꦲꦸꦠꦮꦩꦺꦝꦶꦪꦏꦁꦲꦺꦴꦫꦢꦶꦢꦸꦮꦺꦤꦶꦢꦺꦤꦶꦁꦥꦫꦱꦼꦤꦶꦩꦤ꧀꧈
Asep S. Sambodja

Asep S. Sambodja ingkang miyos wonten ing Sala, 15 September 1967, inggih punika kalebet salah satunggaling sastrawan Indonésia. Piyambakipun séda ing Bandung tanggal 9 Dhésèmber 2010 amargi kènging lelara kanker usus.
Asep S. Sambodja kalarumiyin sampun naté ngrampungaken sekolahipun ing:
Asep S. Sambodja sampun dangu aktip wonten ing dunya jurnalistik, wiwit piyambakipun taksih kuliah ing lebet kampus saha ing njawi kampus ing taun 1998. Ing wiwitanipun, piyambakipun namung magang wonten ing Tabloid Monitor ingkang dipunpandhegani déning Arswendo Atmowiloto. Lajeng piyambakipun resmi dados wartawan tabloid Bintang Indonesia (1990-1994), Majalah Berita Mingguan Sinar (1995-1997), Majalah Ummat (1997-1998), Satunet.com (1999-2001), saha Majalah Fokus Indonesia (2002-2003). Lajeng piyambakipun gantos pakaryan dados dhosèn ing Program Studi Indonesia FIB UI wiwit taun 2005. Asep S. Sambodja naté gabung ugi kaliyan teater pagupon UI. Asiling karyanipun kados nyamektakaken kalih prakawis ingkang sami ing wadhah ingkang langkung ngepop, kados ta bilih boten sadaya tiyang gampil akrab lan mangertos piwulang ingkang wonten ing Al Qur’an sah hadits Nabi, aos, ing wujud karya fiksi, buku-bukunipun Asep punika gadhah kalih makna langsung, inggih punika kanggé hiburan saha tuntunan.
Asep S. Sambodja sampun remen nyerat wiwit piyambakipun taksih alit, dipunwiwiti saking seratanipun ingkang awujud puisi. Kathah sajak-sajakipun ingkang kapacak wonten ing Harian Media Indonesia, Horison, saha jurnal puisi. Déné karya-karyanipun ingkang sampun dipunwedalaken ing antawisipun ingkang wujud cariyos kanggé laré-laré alit kanthi irah-irahan, ‘Rama dan Sita di Taman Mini’ (1998)
Karya-karyanipun Asep S. Sambodja ingkang sampun dipunwedalaken inggih kados ta:
Basquiat (filem)

Basquiat ya iku filem saka Amérikah Sarékat kang digawé taun 1996. Filem iki disutradarani Julian Schnabel, dhedhasar skénario anggitané Julian Schnabel, Lech J. Majewski, lan John Bowe, dijupuk saka lelakon nyata uripé salah sawijiné seniman postmodernist/neo expressionist saka Amérikah Sarékat, Jean-Michel Basquiat, kang nelaténi seni graffiti minangka dhasar ngripta sunggingan kang gayané kolase. Ing filem iki, Jeffrey Wright maragani Basquiat, David Bowie didhapuk dadi Andy Warhol, kanca lan guruné Basquiat. Sing maragani liyané ya kuwi Gary Oldman minangka Schnabel, Michael Wincott minangka pujangga lan kritikus seni Rene Ricard, Dennis Hopper minangka Bruno Bischofberger, Parker Posey minangka kang duwé gladri. Mary Boone, Claire Forlani, Courtney Love, Tatum O'Neal, lan Benicio del Toro didhapuk minangka paraga pambiyantu ing filem iki.
Holman, salah sawijiné panganggit skénario ing filem ya iku naté dadi punggawané grup musik rock The Tubes, kang kapisan ketemu karo Basquiat ing taun 1979 lan nglakoni sinau bebarengan kanthi ngadegaké kelompok eksperimen industrial/elektronika Grey.
Filem Basquiat nyritakaké lelakon uripe salah sawijiné juru sungging katurunan kulit ireng saka Amérikah Sarékat kang uripé ora nggenah, rambuté gimbal dikucir munggah. Saben dinané, nalika ésih urip, Basquiat turu sadalan-dalan utawa glandhangan, ndadèkké kerdus minangka omahé. Ing sajeroné kerdus kuwi, Basquiat bisa turu penak lan ngimpi ketemu ibuné kang mènèhi makutha emas. Sing ana sajeroné pikirané ora winatesan, kaya déné kaliaran prilaku seksualé kang nglakoni urip biseksual. Langit, kanggoné Basquiat, ora liya ya sagara kanthi ombak kang gedhé, lan lan dhèwèké ana ing sadhuwure ombak kuwi.
Kiprahé ing donyané seni ora suwé, saka umur 20 taun nganti tumeka umur 27 taun (mung pitung taun), nanging nalika dhèwèké mati taun 1988, pakaryané dadi parembugan ing antarané para juru sungging sadonya, mligi para seniman pos-modernis. Kanggoné Basquiat, kabèh panggonan ya iku srana kang bisa digunakké nyungging lan ngripta. Ora ana siji sunggingané kang diangep rampung. Pakaryan pasunggingané tansah owah gumantung saka pepènginan utawa kaanan panyunggingé. Perkara iki kang dadi prabédan antarané Basquiat karo para panyungging liyané. Pakaryané Basquiat urip bebarengan karo dhèwèké. Ing tangané Basquiat, seni lukis bisa nglumpati watesan papan kanggo nyungging kang ciut.
27 Club graffiti in Tel Aviv

The 27 Club graffiti is a mural in Tel Aviv, Israel by John Kiss with the assistance of Itai Froumin and Roman Kozhokin. The work depicts, from left to right, Brian Jones, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Kurt Cobain, Amy Winehouse, and an unknown figure believed to depict Kiss.
The artwork depicts seven artists from the "27 Club," a list of popular musicians or artists who died at the age of 27.
The work was created by John Kiss, an Israeli street artist and peace activist previously known as Jonathan Kis-Lev.
Kiss chose the holiday of Rosh Hashana as the time to execute the work, likely to ensure that the police would be unable to reach the public art department at Tel Aviv city hall. To convince police that the work was indeed commissioned, he and his team wore yellow vests and yellow helmets like city hall workers.
Art journalist Zipa Kampinski of Israel's largest newspaper, Yedioth Ahronoth, was privy to the story and covered the mural's secretive creation process.
Kiss was assisted by fellow artists Itai Froumin and Roman Kozhokin in executing the piece. The work took 24 hours for the team to complete. The large painting attracted an enthusiastic audience to the spot where the graffiti was created.
Kiss painted the portraits of the famous artists in colors, but left his own portrait at the far right in gray.
The result, 3 m (9.8 ft) high by 7 m (23 ft) wide, depicted seven artists from the "27 Club". Kiss did not supply the press with details about his own figure, which was left for many to guess, believing the figure "to be the artist".
Kiss' portrait was covered by pink paint, and "there is some argument as to whether or not the pink paint over Kiss’s face was done by Kiss himself or another artist. One rumor is that Kiss was so disappointed in all that he hadn’t accomplished by the age of 27, that he included paint to cover his face."
The artist received criticism focused on adding his portrait alongside great artists who have not crossed the age of 27. Others note the "pain which follows the disappearance of the sudden gratification of fame and the dangerous emptiness that follows."
Over the years since its creation in 2014 the work has become known as one of Israel's must-see street artworks, and according to From the Grapevine Magazine "the most popular in Florentin." Some locals define it as "sensational".
Outside of Israel, the work appeared in articles in Polish, Italian, Spanish, French, Indonesian, Russian, and others.
Prints of it appeared in international museum exhibits. It is considered one of the top graffiti works in Israel.
It became a symbol of the gentrification process in South Tel Aviv, as well as an icon of the city. Time Out Magazine cited this work among "The most beautiful in Tel Aviv."
Iram of the Pillars

Iram of the Pillars (Arabic: إرَم ذَات ٱلْعِمَاد, romanized: Iram dhāt al-ʿimād; an alternative translation is Iram of the tentpoles), also called "Irum", "Irem", "Erum", or the "City of the pillars", is a lost city mentioned in the Quran.
The Quran mentions Iram in connection with ʿimād (pillars):
There are several explanations for the reference to "Iram – who had lofty pillars". Some see this as a geographic location, either a city or an area, others as the name of a tribe.
Those identifying it as a city have made various suggestions as to where or what city it was, ranging from Alexandria or Damascus to a city which actually moved or a city called Ubar. Ubar, according to ancient and medieval authors, was a land instead of a city.
As an area, it has been identified with the biblical region known as Aram. A more plausible candidate for Iram is Wadi Ramm in Jordan, as the Temple of al-Lat at the foot of Jabal Ramm has some ancient inscriptions mentioning Iram and possibly the tribe of ʿĀd.
It has also been identified as a tribe, possibly the tribe of ʿĀd, with the pillars referring to tent pillars. The mystic ad-Dabbagh has suggested that these verses refer to ʿĀd's tents with pillars, both of which are gold-plated. He claims that coins made of this gold remain buried and that Iram is the name of a tribe of ʿĀd and not a location. The Nabataeans were one of the many nomadic Bedouin tribes who roamed the Arabian Desert and took their herds to where they could find grassland and water. They became familiar with their area as the seasons passed, and they struggled to survive during bad years when seasonal rainfall decreased. Although the Nabataeans were initially embedded in the Aramean culture, theories that they have Aramean roots are rejected by modern scholars. Instead, archaeological, religious and linguistic evidence confirms that they are a North Arabian tribe.
Iram became widely known to Western literature with the translation of the story "The City of Many-Columned Iram and Abdullah Son of Abi Kilabah" in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights.
In 1998, the amateur archaeologist Nicholas Clapp proposed that Iram is the same as another legendary place Ubar, and he identifies Ubar as the archaeological site of Shisr in Oman. His hypothesis is not generally accepted by scholars. The identification of Ubar as Shisr is also problematic, and even Clapp himself denied it later.
Arte moderna

Arte Moderna é um termo que se refere às expressões artísticas surgidas na segunda metade do século XIX, que se estenderam até metade do século XX.
Na arte moderna vê-se a influência da Revolução Industrial, das máquinas a vapor, do aumento das velocidades, da fotografia, do cinema, do avião, do estudo da mente entre outros elementos que contribuíram para a mudança do pensamento e das atitudes.
Como resultado, os principais movimentos artísticos voltaram-se para três correntes, a saber:
Considerado a priori como uma iniciativa eminentemente europeia, a arte moderna foi introduzida na América durante a I Guerra Mundial, quando um número de artistas de Montmartre e Montparnasse, bairros de Paris, França, fugiram do conflito. Francis Picabia (1879–1954), foi o responsável por trazê-la para a cidade de Nova York.
Davi Arrigucci Júnior

Davi Arrigucci Júnior (São João da Boa Vista, 7 de maio de 1943) é um escritor e crítico literário brasileiro, professor aposentado de teoria da literatura da Universidade de São Paulo.
Fez seus estudos secundários em São João da Boa Vista, no estado de São Paulo. Com 21 anos, em 1964, formou-se em Letras no antigo prédio da Maria Antônia. Importante ensaísta, escreveu os livros O escorpião encalacrado (sobre Julio Cortázar), Humildade, paixão e morte: a poesia de Manuel Bandeira, O cacto e as ruínas (sobre Manuel Bandeira, Murilo Mendes e o modernismo brasileiro) e Coração partido (sobre Carlos Drummond de Andrade). Foi aluno do grande crítico Antonio Candido.
Recebeu o Prêmio Jabuti pelo melhor livro de ensaios de 1979 (Achados e Perdidos) e o Prêmio APCA de 1987 (Enigma e Comentário).
Recebeu o Prêmio Jabuti pelo melhor livro de ensaios em 1979, por Achados e Perdidos.
Abstracionismo geométrico

Ao contrário do Abstracionismo Lírico, o Abstracionismo geométrico foca na racionalização que depende da análise intelectual.
No abstracionismo geométrico, as formas e as cores devem ser organizadas de maneira que a composição resultante seja apenas a expressão de uma composição geométrica.
Surge na sequência das descobertas formais do Cubismo; teve diversas correntes, entre as quais devem destacar-se:
Posteriormente teve ramificações em todo o mundo.
Lista de cores

A lista parcial seguinte contém diversas cores, totalizando 253 cores, individualmente associadas a seus devidos artigos.
O branco é uma combinação equilibrada de todas as cores do espectro de luz visível, ou de um par de cores complementares, ou de três ou mais cores, como cores primárias aditivas. É uma cor neutra ou acromático (incolor), como preto e cinza.
Preto é a cor mais escura, é o resultado da ausência ou completa absorção da luz. Como branco e cinza, é uma cor acromática e literalmente é uma cor sem matiz.
Magenta é definido variadamente como uma cor vermelha-arroxeada, roxa-avermelhada, ou malva– carmesim. No círculo cromático do RGB e CMYK, está localizado a meio caminho entre vermelho e azul, oposto ao verde. Complementos da magenta são evocados pela luz, tendo uma espectro dominado pela energia com um comprimento de onda de aproximadamente de 500–530 625-750 nm. É considerado como uma das cores primárias subtrativas.
Rosa é uma matiz do vermelho que é criada adicionando um pouco de branco.
O vermelho é qualquer um de um número de cores semelhantes evocadas pela luz, consistindo predominantemente como um dos comprimentos de onda mais longos discerníveis pelo olho humano, numa faixa de aproximadamente de 625-750 nm. É considerado como uma das cores primárias aditiva.
Laranja é cor visível no espectro entre vermelho e amarelo com um comprimento de onda aproximadamente de 585-620 nm. No HSV tem o um matiz em torno de 30º.
As cores marrons são tons escuros de vermelho, laranja e amarelo.
Amarelo é a cor da luz com um comprimento de onda predominantemente na faixa de aproximadamente 570-580 nm. No HSV tem um matiz em torno de 60º. É considerada uma das cores primárias subtrativa.
Cores cinzas são cores acromáticas entre branco e preto.
Verde é uma cor que a percepção é evocada pela luz, tendo um espectro dominado pela energia com um comprimento de onda de aproximadamente 520–570 nm. É considerado uma das cores primárias aditiva.
Ciano é qualquer cor na faixa do azul ao verde do espectro visível. É considerada uma das cores primárias subtrativas.
Azul é uma cor que a percepção é evocada pela luz, tendo um espectro dominado pela energia com um comprimento de onda de aproximadamente 440–490 nm. É considerada uma das cores primárias aditivas.
Violeta é uma cor que a percepção é evocada pela luz, tendo um espectro dominado pela energia com um comprimento de onda de aproximadamente 380-450 nm. Também pode remeter a tons de azul e roxo.
Estas são as cores utilizadas pelo designers gráficos de computador para a página de web design. Estas cores são exibidas nos monitores dos computadores.
Círculo cromático

O Círculo Cromático é uma representação em círculo das cores percebidas pelo olho humano. Ele é composto por 12 cores: as três primárias, as três secundárias e as seis terciárias. Este instrumento um guia rápido de identificação das cores complementares, das análogas, das meio-complementares, e de outras combinações harmónicas possíveis. Ele nos ajuda a descobrir combinações, comparações, etc.
Classificação das cores que compõem o círculo cromático:
A partir das 12 cores do círculo, além das cores branca e preta, uma infinita quantidade de cores pode ser formada, com diferentes tonalidades e saturações.
As experiências de Isaac Newton com luz e cor na década de 1660 levaram à criação do círculo cromático. Newton passou luz branca através de um prisma, dispersando-a no espectro de cores visíveis. Ele então organizou essas cores em um formato circular, estabelecendo uma relação sistemática entre elas. Essa disposição tornou-se fundamental nos campos da arte e do design, oferecendo uma ferramenta visual para entender e ensinar a teoria das cores, incluindo os conceitos de cores primárias, secundárias e complementares.
O círculo facilita criação de combinações de cores para diferentes propósitos. Aqui estão algumas dessas combinações:
Cores complementares são as que estão opostas no circulo, por exemplo vermelho e verde. Por estarem em posições opostas, criam um grande contraste, fazendo que cada cor pareça mais vibrante e chame mais atenção.
Cores análogas são as que estão lado a lado no círculo cromático, como o azul, o azul-verde e o verde. Elas criam uma combinação mais harmônica aos olhos, fazendo com que nenhuma se destaque mais que outra, apenas combinem bem entre si.
Cores triádicas são as que estão em uma mesma distância no círculo, formando um triângulo equilátero. Um exemplo é vermelho, azul e amarelo, que criam uma combinação de três cores harmônica e vibrante.
Cores divididas complementares são formadas por uma cor base e duas cores adjacentes à sua complementar. Por exemplo, se a cor base é azul, as cores divididas complementares seriam vermelho-laranja e amarelo-laranja. Essa combinação resulta em um contraste de menor tensão comparado às complementares diretas.
De maneira semelhante às triádicas, as cores tétrades são aquelas que formam um retângulo no círculo cromático, por exemplo, as cores vermelho, verde, azul e laranja. Essa combinação oferece uma relação harmônica entre quatro cores.
Por fim, combinações com cores monocromáticas são aquelas que possuem a mesma cor, podendo variar em tonalidades e saturações diferentes. Essa combinação permite criar uma relação sutil e elegante.
Piet Mondrian

Pieter Cornelis Mondrian, geralmente conhecido por Piet Mondrian (Amersfoort, 7 de março de 1872 - Nova Iorque, 1 de fevereiro de 1944), foi um pintor neerlandês modernista. Criou o movimento artístico neoplasticismo e colaborou com a revista De Stijl e depois com as formas da pintura concreta.
Mondrian é considerado como um dos maiores artistas do século XX, e conhecido por ser um dos pioneiros da arte abstrata, pois mudou sua direção artística da pintura figurativa para um estilo cada vez mais abstrato, até chegar a um ponto em que seu vocabulário artístico foi reduzido a simples elementos geométricos.
A arte de Mondrian era altamente utópica e preocupava-se com a busca de valores universais e estéticos. Ele proclamou em 1914: "A arte é superior à realidade e não tem relação direta com a realidade. Para abordar o espiritual na arte, far-se-á o menor uso possível da realidade, pois a realidade se opõe à espiritual. Encontramo-nos na presença de uma arte abstrata. A arte deveria estar acima da realidade, caso contrário não teria valor para o homem".
Foi colaborador do movimento e grupo artístico De Stijl, que co-fundou com Theo van Doesburg. Ele desenvolveu uma forma não-representacional que ele chamou de Neoplasticismo. Essa era a nova "arte plástica pura" que ele acreditava ser necessária para criar a "beleza universal". Para expressar isso, Mondrian finalmente decidiu limitar seu vocabulário formal às três cores primárias (vermelho, azul e amarelo), aos três valores primários (preto, branco e cinza) e às duas direções primárias (horizontal e vertical). A chegada de Mondrian a Paris, vindo da Holanda em 1911, marcou o início de um período de profundas mudanças. Encontrou experiências no cubismo e, com a intenção de integrar-se na vanguarda parisiense, retirou um "a" da grafia holandesa de seu nome (mondriaano).
O trabalho de Mondrian teve uma enorme influência na arte do século XX, influenciando não apenas o curso da pintura abstrata e inúmeros estilos e movimentos artísticos importantes (por exemplo, pintura de campo de cores, expressionismo abstrato e minimalismo), mas também campos fora do domínio da pintura, como design, arquitetura e moda. O historiador do design Stephen Bayley disse: "Mondrian passou a significar Modernismo. Seu nome e sua obra resumem o ideal modernista. Não gosto da palavra 'icônico', então digamos que ele se tornou totêmico – um totem para tudo o que o modernismo se propôs a ser".
Algumas das seguintes obras referem-se a nomes genéricos repetidos exaustivamente por Mondrian.
Sophie Taeuber-Arp

Sophie Taeuber (Davos, Suíça, 1889 - Zurique, Suíça, 1943). Destacou-se como uma das principais figuras da arte abstrata, tendo importante participação junto ao Movimento Dada, na Suíça, e incursões pioneiras no Neoplasticismo e Construtivismo.
Formada em artes pela Escola de Arte Aplicada de Hamburgo, Sophie Taeuber foi, durante pouco mais de uma década, professora na Escola de Artes e Ofícios de Zurique. Em 1915, toma parte do "Movimento Dada", junto a outros artistas, entre os quais Jean Arp, com quem se casou em 1921. A partir de 1928, passa a morar na França e, em 1930, participa da exposição internacional de "Arte Abstrata e tendências Construtivas" do Movimento Círculo e Quadrado. Ainda dentro da proposta deste grupo, George Vantongerloo e Sophie Taeuber fundam o Grupo Abstração-Criação. No período da II Guerra Mundial, refugia-se em Grasse, no sul da França, onde produz intensamente, com a colaboração de Alberto Magnelli, Jean Arp e Sônia Delaunay.
O trabalho de Taeuber-Arp orientou-se na busca da simplificação e da máxima liberdade, traduzindo uma grande riqueza de invenção, seu valor de pesquisa e inovação para a Arte Abstrata Geométrica tem sido cada vez mais reconhecido. Dissidente quanto ao rigor das relações ortogonais e das linhas e quanto ao uso das cores primárias, seus trabalhos são mais dinâmicos pelo uso de ortogonais e de cores variadas.
Sophie Taeuber-Arp morreu vítima de um acidente, em 1943, durante uma viagem à Suíça.
Taeuber-Arp participou de inúmeras exposições. Por exemplo, ela foi incluída na primeira exposição de Carré nas Galeries 23 (Paris) em 1930, juntamente com outros notáveis ​​modernistas do início do século XX. Em 1943, Taeuber-Arp foi incluída na mostra Exhibition by 31 Women, de Peggy Guggenheim, na galeria Art of This Century, em Nova York. Muitos museus ao redor do mundo têm seu trabalho em suas coleções, mas na consciência pública sua reputação ficou, por muitos anos, ofuscada pela do seu marido mais famoso. Sophie Taeuber-Arp começou a ganhar reconhecimento substancial somente após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, e seu trabalho agora é geralmente aceito como no primeiro nível do modernismo clássico.
Lucas Arruda

Lucas Arruda (born 1983, São Paulo), is a Brazilian painter living and working in São Paulo, Brazil. He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from Faculty of Santa Marcelina [pt], São Paulo, Brazil in 2009. He was at the forefront of a generation of artists in Brazil who reclaimed painting in an art scene then largely dominated by conceptual art. He is known for his atmospheric landscape paintings that exist at the border between abstraction and figuration, between mnemonic and imaginative registers. Characterized by their subtle rendition of light and a meditative quality, Arruda's landscapes are charged with visual as well as metaphysical questions.
Lucas Arruda's work and research develops fundamentally around landscape and light as well-defined themes within art historical canon in order to examine complex contemporary mental states. His work is often displayed in series of small-format paintings grouped under the title "Deserto-Modelo", a term he borrowed from the Brazilian poet Joao Cabral de Melo Neto in order to emphasize the idea of prototype and repetition, "allied to the metaphor of the desert understood as an atemporal place that can't be grasped through language". Describing himself as "an artist that works with paint", in his exhibitions, Arruda often extends the landscape beyond the painting by using light installations and slide projections, achieving "a live experience that operates through the mediation of light and the gaze" as noted by curator Hans Ulrich Obrist.
While early reviews of Arruda's work tended to inscribe his paintings within the Romantic sublime tradition and referenced artists like Caspar David Friedrich and Edward Hopper, Arruda himself, in citing influences, rather refers to J. M. W. Turner's late work, the Venezuelan artist Armando Reverón's landscape paintings and Giorgio Morandi, emphasizing the mathematical and metaphysical impulses in his work, and insists on "the idea of landscape as a structure, rather than a real place".
Lucas Arruda's redefining of landscape painting by infusing elements traditional to seascapes with elements of abstraction and impressionism has gained recognition, as evidenced by his inclusion in Phaidon's Vitamin P3, a collection that highlights groundbreaking artists shaping contemporary painting. In the first edition of Magma, edited by Paul Olivennes, Arruda is featured among notable contemporaries, presenting art and literary works associated with the modern revival of avant-garde aesthetics. This publication featured a previously unpublished painting by Arruda to accompany the poem "La Maison des Sables" (1965) by French poet and post-colonial philosopher Édouard Glissant.
Lucas Arruda's solo exhibitions include:
His work has been included in institutional group shows such as:
Arruda's work is featured in several publications such as:
Romero Britto

Romero Britto (born October 6, 1963) is a Brazilian artist, painter, serigrapher, and sculptor. He combines elements of cubism, pop art, and graffiti painting in his work, using vibrant colors and bold patterns as a visual expression of hope, dreams, and happiness.
Britto was born in Recife, Brazil and grew up in poverty. In 1983 he traveled to Europe to study art, where he was influenced by the works of Henri Matisse and Pablo Picasso. In 1988, he moved to Miami, where his current studio remains. His first major commission was to design artwork for Absolut Vodka for a 1989 campaign. In addition to his sculpture and fine art work, his designs have been used by Disney, BMW, IBM, Apple Computers, Grand Marnier, Pepsi, and Royal Caribbean Cruises, and been featured on a variety of consumer goods, such as Barbie dolls and pet collars. According to a 2023 documentary about him, Britto is "the most collected and licensed artist in history." Some of his public art installations are at Hyde Park, London, the O2 Arena in Berlin, and the John F. Kennedy Airport. He also designed a Miami water park.
Britto's charitable work has supported over 250 organizations.
Britto is a conservative. In 2015 he hosted a fundraiser for Republican presidential candidate Jeb Bush at his Miami studio where he unveiled a mural that he and Jeb Bush's wife Columba had painted with the slogan "#AllInForJeb". Previously, Britto held a fundraiser at his gallery for 2012 Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney. He publicly supports Brazil's former president Jair Bolsonaro, and in March 2020 he gifted Bolsonaro with his own portrait.
Plakatstil

Plakatstil (German for "poster style"), was an early style of poster art that originated in Germany in the 1900s. It was started by Lucian Bernhard of Berlin in 1906. The common characteristics of this style are bold eye-catching lettering with flat colors. Shapes and objects are simplified, and the composition focuses on a central object; usually a product that is being sold. Plakatstil turned away from the complexity of Art Nouveau and propagated a more modern outlook on poster art. Famous Plakatstil artists include Ludwig Hohlwein, Edmund Edel, Ernst Deutsch-Dryden [de], Hans Lindenstadt, Julius Klinger, Julius Gipkens, Paul Scheurich [de], Karl Schulpig [de] and Hans Rudi Erdt. A later master of the Sachplakat was Otto Baumberger.
Sachplakat on the other hand is the object posters emphasizing shapes over textual descriptions. Plakatstil and Sachplakat are both early 20th-century German poster styles, but they have distinct approaches to visual communication. Plakatstil, or "poster style," emerged around 1905, pioneered by artists like Lucian Bernhard. This style focuses on extreme simplicity, using flat, high-contrast colors, bold typography, and minimal detail. The subject is often a central product or brand name, making the message immediately clear and memorable with very little text or background. By contrast, Sachplakat, or "object poster," also emphasizes simplicity but in a more realistic and literal way. Artists of the Sachplakat movement, like Ludwig Hohlwein, focused on depicting the advertised product in a realistic, straightforward manner, often as a standalone object with little to no added embellishment. Both styles aim to communicate quickly and effectively, but while Plakatstil emphasizes bold, abstract reduction, Sachplakat leans toward realistic, almost photographic representation of products.
Das Plakat was a German art magazine that was published from 1910 to 1921 by the Verein der Plakatfreunde ("association of friends of the poster"), founded in 1905 and later edited by the Berlin dentist Hans Sachs. Lucian Bernhard was a director of the association.
Reductive art

Reductive art is a term to describe an artistic style or an aesthetic, rather than an art movement. Movements and other terms associated with reductive art include Minimal art, ABC art, anti-illusionism, cool art, rejective art, Bauhaus aesthetic, work that emphasizes clarity, simplification, reduced means, reduction of form, streamlined composition, primary shapes, and restricted color. It is also characterized by the use of plain-spoken materials, precise craftsmanship and intellectual rigor.
Kris Doni Indriarto

Brigadir Jenderal TNI Kris Doni Indriarto (lahir 16 Maret 1975) adalah seorang Perwira Tinggi TNI-AD yang sejak 29 November 2023 mengemban amanat sebagai Direktur Ajudan Jenderal Angkatan Darat.
Kris Doni, merupakan lulusan Akademi Militer (1996) dan SMA Veteran Jenderal Gatot Subroto 1 Purwokerto (1993) yang berasal dari korps Ajudan Jenderal (Caj). Jabatan terakhir jenderal bintang satu ini adalah Direktur Ajudan Jenderal Angkatan Darat.
Kris Biantoro

Kris Biantoro, yang memiliki nama asli Christoporus Soebiantoro (17 Maret 1938 – 13 Agustus 2013) adalah seorang pemeran dan penyanyi berkebangsaan Indonesia.
Dilahirkan pada era jatuhnya Hindia Belanda dan datangnya Masa Pendudukan Jepang, membentuk watak anak pada zaman itu yang dialami Kris Biantoro sampai sekarang, yaitu semangat menjaga kedaulatan bangsanya.
Kecintaan pada negara dan bangsa yang ia bawa dari masa kelahirannya, membuat rasa perjuangannya muncul, ketika duduk di bangku kuliah Universitas Atmajaya, bersama rekan-rekannya dengan sukarela di kirim ke Irian Barat. Itulah awal Kris mejadi relawan selama enam bulan, dalam pembebasan Irian Barat atau Operasi Trikora, hingga mendapat gelar kehormatan Veteran Pembela Kemerdekaan. Kecintaannya di dunia seni juga dibarengi dengan kecintaannya terhadap tanah air dan bangsa, hingga salam yang di ucapkan selalu "Merdeka".
Pada 1964-1971, Kris hijrah ke Australia karena mendapat tawaran untuk menjadi staff di KBRI Australia. Di Australia inilah Kris Biantoro bertemu dengan seorang wanita Vietnam yang kemudian dipersuntingnya. Dia sempat menjadi penjual roti di Australia karena kehidupannya yang kurang beruntung menjadi pesiunan staf KBRI Australia.
Selain sebagai MC, Kris Biantoro juga dikenal sebagai aktor, penyanyi, dan pencipta lagu sejak bersekolah di SMA Kolese De Britto, Yogyakarta. Keberuntungannya sebagai entertainer berawal dari lagu Dondong Opo Salak (lagu anak-anak) karena teringat keponakannya yang masih kecil di Magelang semasa berjuang sebagai relawan di Irian Barat.
Kembali ke tanah air pada tahun 1971, dia bergabung dengan TVRI menjadi presenter acara kuis "Dansa yo Dansa", "Suka Hati" dan "Silakan Terka" di TVRI, yang kemudian melambungkan namanya. Setelah vakum dari dunia hiburan, Kris Biantoro melalui kehidupan yang tenang. Menjelang kematiannya pada tahun 2013, Kris menderita penyakit ginjal kronis, yang sudah diidapnya sejak tahun 1972.
Kris Biantoro adalah suami dari seorang wanita Vietnam yang ditemuinya kala bekerja sebagai staf KBRI Australia, yaitu Maria Nguyen Kim Dung. Dia bersama Maria Nguyen Kim Dung tinggal di kawasan Cibubur dan mempunyai dua putra, yaitu Invianto dan Ceasefiarto, Dia mempunyai dua menantu, Henny dan Adelina, serta tiga cucu, Iyo, Rafa, dan Mika.
Kris Biantoro meninggal dunia di kediamannya di Kompleks Bukit Permai Cibubur pada tanggal 13 Agustus 2013.
Baja Damaskus

Baja Damaskus adalah baja tempa dari bilah pedang yang ditempa di Timur Dekat dari batangan besi Wootz, baik yang diimpor dari India Selatan atau dibuat di pusat produksi di Sri Lanka atau Khorasan, Iran. Pedang ini dicirikan oleh pola pita dan bintik-bintik khas yang mengingatkan pada air yang mengalir, terkadang dalam pola "tangga" atau "mawar". Bilah pedang yang dibuat dari baja damaskus dikenal tangguh, tahan terhadap pecah, dan mampu diasah hingga tajam, serta memiliki mata pisau yang ulet.
Wootz (India), Pulad (Persia), Fuladh (Arab), Bulat (Rusia) dan Bintie (Tionghoa) adalah semua nama untuk sejarah karbon ultra-tinggi wadah baja yang dicirikan oleh segregasi karbida. "Wootz" adalah transliterasi yang keliru dari "utsa" atau "air mancur" dalam bahasa Sanskerta, namun, sejak 1794, kata ini telah menjadi kata utama yang digunakan untuk merujuk pada sejarah wadah baja hipereutektoid. Sementara metode penempaan modern dapat mendekati karakteristik baja Damaskus, terutama penampilannya, cara pembuatannya masih belum diketahui dan menjadi subjek penelitian lanjutan.
Ali Farzat

Ali Farzat (bahasa Arab: علي فرزات; lahir 22 Juni 1951) adalah seorang kartunis politik Suriah. Ia telah menerbitkan lebih dari 15,000 karikatur antara surat-surat kabar Suriah, Arab dan internasional. Ia menjabat sebagai kepala Asosiasi Kartunis Arab. Pada 2011, ia meraih Penghargaan Sakharov untuk perdamaian. Farzat diangkat menjadi salah satu 100 tokoh paling berpengaruh di dunia oleh majalah Time pada 2012.
Farzat lahir dan dibesarkan di kota Hamat, di tengah Suriah pada 22 Juni 1951. Saat ia berusia 12 tahun, gambar profesional pertamanya muncul di halaman depan surat kabar al-Ayyam, tak lama sebelum surat kabar tersebut dicekal oleh Partai Baath. Pada 1969, ia mulai menggambar karikatur-karikatur untuk harian yang dijalankan negara, al-Thawra. Ia masuk Fakultas Seni Rupa Murni di Universitas Damaskus pada 1970, dan hengkang sebelum lulus pada 1973. Pada pertengahan 1970an, ia pindah ke harian yang dikontrol pemerintah lainnya, Tishreen, di mana kartun-kartunnya tampil setiap hari. Pengakuan internasional disusul pada 1980 di mana ia memenangkan penghargaan pertama di Festival Internasional Intergraphic di Berlin, Jerman, dan gambar-gambarnya mulai muncul dalam surat kabar Prancis Le Monde. Pamerannya pada 1989 di Institut du Monde Arabe di Paris, Prancis, membuatnya meraih ancaman kematian dari Saddam Hussein, dan dicekal di Irak, Yordania dan Libya. Gambar-gambarnya yang meraih kontroversi besar yang disebut The General and the Decorations yang menampilkan tangan berseragam militer memberikan makanan ke warga Arab yang lapar.
Penentangan awal Farzat dengan presiden Suriah Bashar al-Assad terjadi sebelum ia menjadi presiden pada 1996. Menurut Farzat, "Ia [Bashar] sebenarnya tertawa terhadap beberapa kartun—khususnya kartun-kartun yang menargetkan personil militer—ia berkata: 'Hey, ia membuatku senang. Apa yang kau pikirkan?" Setelah itu, keduanya berteman. Pada Desember 2000, Farzat mulai menerbitkan al-Domari ("Penerang Lampu"), yang merupakan surat kabar periodikal independen pertama di Suriah sejak Partai Baath berkuasa pada 1963. Surat kabar tersebut berdasarkan pada satir politik dan dibentuk mirip dengan mingguan Prancis Le Canard enchaîné. Keluaran pertama dari surat kabar tersebut keluar pada Februari 2001 dan 50,000 salinan terjual kurang dari empat jam. Pada 2002, ia memenangkan Penghargaan Pangeran Claus dari Belanda atas "pretasi dalam budaya dan pengembangan". Namun, Pada 2003, penyensoran pemerintah dan kurangnya dana memaksa Farzat menutup al-Domari. Ia disebut sebagai "salah satu figur kebudayaan paling berpengaruh di dunia Arab". Pada Desember 2012, Farzat dianugerahi penghargaan Gebran Tueni di Lebanon.
Templat:Sakharov Prize 2001-2025