davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Baile Átha Cliath Láir (Dáilcheantar)

Is Dáilcheantar 4 suíochán é Baile Átha Cliath Láir.
Olltoghchán 2016 (3 suíochán)
San Olltoghchán 2016, toghadh mar Theachtaí Dála Paschal Donohoe (Fine Gael), Mary Lou McDonald (Sinn Féin), agus Maureen O'Sullivan (Neamhspleách). Theip ar Joe Costello (Páirtí an Lucht Oibre)
Olltoghchán 2020 (4 suíochán)
San Olltoghchán 2020, toghadh mar Theachtaí Dála Paschal Donohoe (Fine Gael), Mary Lou McDonald (Sinn Féin), Neasa Hourigan (An Comhaontas Glas) agus Gary Gannon (Na Daonlathaithe Sóisialta). Fuair iarrthóirí Fine Gael 15% den vóta in 2020. An tAire Paschal Donoghue (FG) a thóg an tríú suíochán in 2020 ach bhí air fanacht go dtí an naoú comhaireamh, tráth ar toghadh é féin, Neasa Hourigan (CG) agus Gary Gannon (DS) sa gceantar seo. Thóg Gannon an ceathrú suíochán in 2020, cé nach raibh aige ag an tús ach 2,912 vóta. Fuair sé vótaí aistrithe go leor ó iarrthóirí eile ar an eite chlé.
Olltoghchán 2024
San Olltoghchán 2024, ní raibh aon athrú ar an Dáilcheantar ó 2020, cé go raibh ardú suntasach ar an daonra. Triúr déag iarrthóir a bhí san iomaíocht do na ceithre shuíochán, ina measc an ceathrar Teachtaí Dála a toghadh in 2020: Mary Lou McDonald (SF); Paschal Donoghue (FG); Neasa Hourigan (CG) agus Gary Gannon (DS) agus an coirpeach Gerry Hutch, iarrthóir neamspleách.
Atoghadh McDonald (SF); Donoghue (FG); ) agus Gannon (DS) chomh maith le Marie Sherlock, Lucht Oibre. Bhí Hutch thart os cionn 5,000 vóta chun cinn ar Sherlock ag tráth amháin. Bhí an tuairim ann go bhféadfadh Hutch an 4ú suíochán a bhuachan. Ach fuair Sherlock dóthain aistriúchán leis an suíochán deiridh sin a thabhairt léi.
Baile Átha Cliath Thiar-Thuaidh (Dáilcheantar)

Is Dáilcheantar 3 suíochán é Baile Átha Cliath Thiar-Thuaidh - Baile Munna agus Cabrach an dá mhórcheantar sa Dáilcheantar.
Olltoghchán 2011
San Olltoghchán 2016, toghadh mar Theachtaí Dála Dessie Ellis (Sinn Féin), Róisín Shortall (LO) agus John Lyons (Páirtí an Lucht Oibre).
Olltoghchán 2016
San Olltoghchán 2016, toghadh mar Theachtaí Dála Dessie Ellis (Sinn Féin), Róisín Shortall (LO) agus Noel Rock (FG).
Fuair iarrthóirí ó Fhianna Fáil 14% den vóta sna toghcháin áitiúla 2024 i gcomparáid le 4% d’iarrthóirí Fhine Gael, 4% do Pháirtí an Lucht Oibre, 20% d’iarrthóirí Sinn Féin agus 18% d’iarrthóirí ón eite chlé.
Olltoghchán 2020.
San Olltoghchán 2020, toghadh mar Theachtaí Dála Dessie Ellis (Sinn Féin), Róisín Shortall (Na Daonlathaigh Shóisialta) agus Paul McAuliffe (FF). Bhí Dessie Ellis (SF) ar bharr an chomhairimh in 2020 le 14,375 vóta agus breis is 6,000 vóta le spáráil aige: fuair Conor Reddy (PsB) beagnach 40% agus Róisín Shortall (DS) 28% den fharasbarr sin.
Seo an dáilcheantar ina mbíodh Pat Carey (FF) ina Theachta Dála nó gur chaill sé a shuíochán in 2011 ach bhí aiséirí déanta ag Fianna Fáil nuair a thoghadh McAuliffe in 2020. D’éirigh le McAuliffe (FF) a shuíochán a bhaint de Noel Rock (FG). Ba iad na vótaí aistrithe a fuair McAuliffe ó Rock sa gcomhaireamh deireanach a chroch fear Fhianna Fáil thar an gComhairleoir Conor Reddy (PsB).
Olltoghchán 2024
San Olltoghchán 2024, bhí na teorainneacha athraithe go mór ó 2020, agus thart ar 10,000 vóta aistrithe go Fine Gall Thiar ar lámh amháin agus thart ar 8,000 vóta tugtha isteach sa dáilcheantar ó Cuan Bhaile Átha Cliath Thuaidh. Bhí an líon suíochán mar a chéile.
Sheas 13 iarrthóir, ina measc an bheirt Teachtaí Dála a toghadh in 2020: Dessie Ellis (SF) agus Paul McAuliffe (FF). D'éirigh Róisín Shortall (Na Daonlathaigh Shóisialta) as.
Sa deireadh thiar thall, toghadh in 2024 Dessie Ellis (SF) agus Paul McAuliffe (FF) agus Rory Hearne (SD).
Gailearaí Náisiúnta na hÉireann

Is i nGailearaí Náisiúnta na hÉireann ar a dtugtar freisin Dánlann Náisiúnta na hÉireann) tá an bailiúchán náisiúnta d'ealaín na hÉireann agus na hEorpa. Tá sé suite i lár Bhaile Átha Cliath le bealach isteach amháin ar Chearnóg Mhuirfean, in aice le Teach Laighean, agus ceann eile ar Shráid an Chláraigh.
Is de thoradh Achta Parlaiminte sa bhliain 1864 a bunaíodh Gailearaí Náisiúnta na hÉireann, agus osclaíodh don phobal é sa bhlíain 1864. Is í an Dochtúir Caroline Campbell an stiúrthóir reatha .
Tá tuairim is 2,500 olaphictiúr, 5,000 líníocht agus 5,000 prionta ann chomh maith le méid beag dealbhóireachta.
Sa bhliain 1853 reáchtáladh taispeántas, an Taispeántas Mór Tionsclaíoch (Béarla: Great Industrial Exhibition), ar faichí Theach Laighean i mBaile Átha Cliath. I measc na dtaispeántas is mó a raibh tóir aorthu, bhí taispeántas substaintiúil de shaothair ealaíne a d'eagraigh agus a fhrithgheall an maighnéad iarnróid William Dargan. Nocht díograis na sluaite cuairteoirí meas láidir poiblí ar an ealaín, rud a spreag an cinneadh bailiúchán buan ealaíne poiblí a bhunú mar ómós buan buíochais do Dargan. Ba é an t-abhcóide John Edward Pigot (1822–1871), mac le David Richard Pigot, Príomh-Barún an Státchiste Éireannaigh, a bhí taobh thiar den togra. Bhí sé ar dhuine de na chéad ghobharnóirí sa ghailearaí . Déanann façade (Gaeilge:aghaidh) an Ghailearaí Náisiúnta aithris ar fhoirgneamh Stair an Dúlra d' Ard-Mhúsaem na hÉireann, a bhí beartaithe cheana féin don taobh eile de Theach Laighean. Ba é Francis Fowke a dhear an foirgneamh féin, agus é bunaithe ar phleananna luatha ag Charles Lanyon, agus cuireadh i gcrích é agus osclaíodh é sa bhliain 1864.
Tom Kettle

Ba náisiúnaí, feisire, abhcóide, file agus scríbhneoir Éireannach é Thomas Michael "Tom" Kettle (9 Feabhra 1880 – 9 Meán Fómhair 1916). Bhí sé gníomhach sa ghluaiseacht a bhí ag iarraidh Rialtas Dúchais a bhaint amach in Éirinn. Ba chara é le James Joyce, Oliver St. John Gogarty, Proinsias Mac Síthigh-Sceimhealtún, Seoirse Mac Fhlannchaidh, agus athair Conor Cruise O'Brien.
Chuaigh Kettle go dtí Coláiste Ollscoile Bhaile Átha Cliath i 1897. Bhí sé ina Reachtaire ar an gCumann Litríochta agus Staire le haghaidh an seisiúin 1898-99. Ghnóthaigh sé céim B.A. i 1902.
In éineacht le William Dawson agus Art Ó Cléirigh, bhí Kettle ina chomheagarthóir ar an Nationist (1904-1905).
Chaith Kettle a shaol gearr ag iarraidh Rialtas Dúchais a bhaint amach in Éirinn. Bhí Kettle ina fheisire (Páirtí Parlaiminteach na hÉireann) do Thír Eoghain Thoir ó 1906 go dtí 1910.
Bhí Kettle ina chéad Ollamh le h"Eacnamaíocht Náisiúnta" i UCD. In éineacht leis an Ollamh le Dlí Bunreachtúil, J.G. Swift McNeill MP, chuidigh Kettle go mór leis na mic léinn de chuid UCD a bhunaigh an Cumann Dlí agus Eacnamaíochta i mí Feabhra 1911, den chuid is mó mar fhóram chun plé a dhéanamh ar na ceisteanna beartais agus riaracháin a chuirfeadh teacht isteach an Rialtais Dúchais in Éirinn ar ball beag, mar a ceapadh ansin.
Le linn Fhrithdhúnadh 1913, bhunaigh Kettle Coiste Síochána. Ag cruinniú i dTeach an Ard-Mhéara ar an 7 Deireadh Fómhair 1913, bhunaigh Kettle an Industrial Peace Committee agus é d’aidhm leis deireadh a chur leis an bhFrithdhúnadh. Chuir Kettle ceist orthu sin atá i láthair ag an gcruinniú:
Ní fada a mhaireann an coiste. I mí na Samhna, áfach, bhunaigh cuid de na baill an Civic League, eagraíocht a d'imir ról tábhachtach níos déanaí i mbunú Arm Shaoránaigh Éireann, nó Arm Cathartha na hÉireann.
Cúpla lá roimh a bhás, ar 4ú Meán Fómhair, scríobh Kettle soinéad dá iníon:
Bhí Kettle ag súil go gcothófaí cairdeas a thrasnódh difríochtaí stairiúla trína bheith ag fónamh taobh le taobh in aghaidh an namhad céanna, Impireacht na Gearmáine. Scríobh Kettle :
Ag an am céanna, cheap Kettle go raibh sé ag troid ar son shaoirse na hÉireann (féinrialtas), is cosúil.
Níor ghlac Kettle páirt in Éirí Amach 1916. Bhí Kettle ar saoire thinnis i mBaile Átha Cliath le linn an tsamhraidh 1916.
D'fhill Kettle go dtí an Fhrainc. Bhí roinnt iarratas déanta ag Kettle cead a fháil cúram a dhéanamh sa líne tosaigh sular ghéill údaráis an Airm dá iarratas ar deireadh.
Mhair Cath an Somme ar feadh an tsamhraidh 1916 agus is beag dul chun cinn a rinneadh. Chuaigh Kettle chun catha i gceannas ar chompántas B, 9ú Cathláin, Fiúsailéirí Ríoga Bhaile Átha Cliath. Bhí sé ina Leifteanant.
Thóg na Fiúsailéirí Guillemont ar an 2ú Meán Fómhair agus Ginchy ar an 9ú Meán Fómhair.
Maraíodh Kettle ar 9ú Meán Fómhair 1916, le linn chath an Somme, tar éis dó a chomplacht a stiúradh in ionsaí ar ionaid Ghearmánacha in Ginchy.
Níor aimsíodh a chorp riamh. Mhair a bhean Mary agus a iníon Elisabeth ina dhiaidh.
Dúirt Oliver St John Gogarty go raibh “many eyes wet with tears in Dublin when they heard of Tom’s death.”
Tá tuairimí Robert Lynd faoi Kettle le léamh in aiste in The Irish Book Lover,
Rónán Ó Snodaigh

Is ceoltóir, amhránaí agus file é Rónán Ó Snodaigh as Baile Átha Cliath (a rugadh ar an 1 Eanáir 1970). Is é Ó Snodaigh príomhamhránaí an bhanna ceoil Kíla.
Is mac é leis an bhfile agus dealbhóir Clíodna Cussen agus leis an bhfoilsitheoir agus scríbhneoir Pádraig Ó Snodaigh.
Seinneann Ó Snodaigh an bodhrán, an djembe, an conga, an bongó agus an giotár agus a lán uirlisí ceoil eile. Baineann sé úsáid rialta as rím, athrá, imeartas focal agus liostáil ina chuid amhrán. Go leor amhrán leis tá eilimintí den cheol dúchais Éireannach iontu measctha le nithe ó thraidisiúin eile, ina measc rapáil, ceol dúchasach na hAfraice agus eile. Deirtear go bhfuil stíl amhránaíochta an hip hap le sonrú ar a ghlór agus go bhféadfaí a rá gur albam é Sos atá faoi thionchar an rap agus an cheoil traidisiúnta in éineacht.
D'eisigh Rónán cúpla albam dá chuid féin, mar shampla 'Last mile home', ‘Playdays, ‘Tonnta Ró’ agus 'Tip Toe'.
Tá trí leabhar filíochta foilsithe aige 'The Gaden Wars', 'Songs' agus 'Luascadán' an leabhar amhránaíochta le comhlacht foilsitheoireacht a athar, Coiscéim.
Chuaigh Ó Snodaigh i mbun comhoibrithe le hAmano agus Kalabanx agus iad ag cruthú a nEP THREAD, a eisíodh in 2024. Tá sé le cloisteáil ar an rian a thug a ainm don EP.
Poolbeg

Poolbeg (Irish: An Poll Beag) is an artificial peninsula extending from Ringsend, Dublin, into Dublin Bay.
The Poolbeg peninsula was built between the mid-18th century and the present day, starting with the Ballast Office Wall, the first section of the Great South Wall to be built on what was then a sandbar known as the South Bull. As the various sections of the Great South Wall were built, further sandbars formed where the River Liffey left its silt, and these were gradually filled with rubble and built upon.
The name "Poole Begge" originally referred to a tidal pool located out in Dublin Harbour and surrounded by sandbars. This was where the Poolbeg Lighthouse was built in 1767. The lighthouse was connected to land by the Great South Wall, which was completed in 1795.
The Poolbeg "peninsula" is home to a number of landmarks, including the Great South Wall, the Poolbeg Lighthouse, the Irishtown Nature Park, the southern part of Dublin Port, an energy-from-waste facility, and a power station, formerly Dublin's main power station, which includes the two landmark chimneys, Dublin’s tallest structures.
The thermal station chimneys at Poolbeg Generating Station are among the tallest structures in Ireland and are visible from most of Dublin city. Number 1 chimney is 207.48 m (680 ft 9 in) high, while Number 2 chimney is 207.8 m (681 ft 9in) high. The chimneys are featured prominently in the music video for the song "Pride (In The Name Of Love)" by U2. Dublin City Councillor and historian Dermot Lacey began a process to list the chimneys for preservation to safeguard their future after the Station was to close in 2010. This was later refused by the Council Planning Department.
They were subsequently listed as protected structures in July 2014.
The Poolbeg West development consists of 34 hectares of land which has been designated for fast-track planning permission for the construction of nine-storey apartment blocks and up to 100,000 square metres of commercial and retail space, including 3,000 homes and commercial space for 8,000 workers.
In June 2016, Dublin City Council announced that it would fast-track the construction of a €30 million bridge linking Dublin's south Docklands with the planned new "urban quarter" on the Poolbeg peninsula. However, construction had not begun as of 2024.
List of tallest buildings and structures in Dublin

This list ranks the tallest externally complete buildings and structures in County Dublin, Ireland which stand over 50m tall.
As of December 2023, there are 6 structures over 80 m (260 ft) tall and 11 buildings over 50 m (164 ft) tall. Dublin's tallest structure is Poolbeg power station chimney 2 which is 207.8 m (682 ft) tall while Dublin's tallest building is Capital Dock which is 79 m (259 ft) tall.
This list ranks habitable buildings in Dublin that stand more than 50 m (164 ft) tall, based on height by highest architectural feature.
Dublin 15

Dublin 15, also rendered as D15, is a postal district in the suburbs of Dublin in Fingal, Ireland. It is 11 km (6.8 mi) west of the GPO in Dublin city.
Dublin 15 covers a large area, rising from the River Liffey to 93 metres (305 ft) at the townland of Cloghran near the Rosemount Business Park. The district is bordered by County Meath to the west and the north-west and by the Ratoath Road to the north-east. The land between the Ratoath Road / Cappagh Road and the M2 / N2 road lies in the Dublin 11 postal district. The townland of Ashtown and the boundary walls of the Phoenix Park is the district's eastern boundary. The Liffey forms the southern limit with the anomalous exception of that part of Dublin 20 that contains the village of Chapelizod.
Dublin 15 lies primarily within the county of Fingal. Administrative offices of Fingal County Council are located in the grounds of the Blanchardstown Shopping Centre.
For elections to Dáil Éireann, the district is entirely contained within the Dublin West constituency. Only three electoral divisions of the constituency lie outside Dublin 15: Kilsallaghan, Lucan North and Swords-Forrest.
Dublin 15 borders four postal districts; Dublin 11 and Dublin 7 to the east; Dublin 20 and Dublin 8 to the south.
The district overlaps at many points with the historic barony of Castleknock. Three civil parishes of the barony are not in Dublin 15; Ward, Chapelizod and St James'; the five remaining parishes are contained in the district.
This is a list of civil parishes, as opposed to Ecclesiastical parishes, that lie in Dublin 15 along with notable townlands.
The area has a range of industries, notably in the IT and service areas including eBay and PayPal. The Damastown Industrial Estate, one of Dublin's largest industrial estates, includes a large IBM campus employing over 4,000 people.
The area includes a number of business parks, locally known as Ballycoolin, which are occupied by multinationals, SMEs, logistic companies and light industry.
The Dublin Suburban Rail western or Maynooth Line runs from Dublin Connolly to Maynooth. The five stops in the district, from east to west, are Ashtown railway station, Navan Road Parkway, Castleknock, Coolmine and Clonsilla. The Dublin Docklands to M3 Parkway line branches at Clonsilla to Hansfield serving the community of Casteheany and Ongar.
The postal district of Dublin 15 is used in conjunction with the seven-digit Eircodes that are unique to each address in the state. For example:
Baldonnel, Dublin

53°17′58″N 6°26′09″W﻿ / ﻿53.29944°N 6.43583°W﻿ / 53.29944; -6.43583
Baldonnel (Irish: Baile Dhónaill, meaning 'homestead of the O'Donnels') is a townland in west County Dublin. It is an industrial/agricultural area near Rathcoole, Clondalkin, Tallaght, Lucan, Saggart and Naas. It is around 15 km west of Dublin city centre.
The name derives from former landowners in the area; the earliest written record of the name comes from a 1717 deed for Baldonnell which lists alternate spellings of Baldownan, Balldonnan, and Ballydonnell. Two surviving local houses (the oldest to the north of the airfield, and the newest further east in the same area) claim the name Baldonnell House, and the ruins of the original house are located to the east of the airfield.
The River Camac flows through the townland before flowing by way of Corkagh Park to join the River Liffey.
Dublin Waste-to-Energy Facility

The Dublin Waste-to-Energy Facility, also known as the Poolbeg Incinerator, is a waste-to-energy plant serving the Greater Dublin Area, located on the Poolbeg peninsula. The plant is capable of producing up to 60 megawatts of electricity, enough to power 80,000 homes, and provide district heating for up to 50,000 homes in the Dublin area. The facility will process up to 600,000 tonnes of waste per year. Poolbeg accepted its first delivery of waste on the 24th of April 2017.
The proposal to build an incinerator at this location provoked controversy since its inception in 1997 with concerns about traffic and emissions, but construction work finally started in 2014.
On 8 June 2017, eleven people were admitted to hospital after an ‘uncontrolled release’ of lime inside the flue gas treatment area inside the plant. Covanta, the operator of the plant, was ordered to temporarily cease the incineration process at the facility by the Health and Safety Authority.
Tar water

Tar-water was a medieval medicine consisting of pine tar and water. As it was foul-tasting, it slowly dropped in popularity, but was revived in the Victorian era. It is used both as a tonic and as a substitute to get rid of "strong spirits". Both these uses were originally advocated by the philosopher George Berkeley (1685–1753), who lauded it in his tract Siris: A Chain of Philosophical Reflections and Inquiries, Concerning the Virtues of Tar Water (1744). It was regarded by medical experts to be quackery.
The use of tar water is mentioned in the second chapter of Charles Dickens's (1812–1870) Great Expectations (1861). Young Pip and his brother-in-law, Joe, were often force fed it by Mrs. Joe, Pip's elder sister, whether they were ill or not, as a sort of cruel punishment.
The physician Cadwallader Colden (1688–1776) extolled the virtues of pine resin steeped in water. This concoction also was called "tar water".
George Berkeley suggested that tar from pine or fir be stirred for three or four minutes with an equal quantity of water and the mixture allowed to stand for 48 hours. At this time, the separated water is drawn off to be drunk, at the rate of one half-pint night and morning "on an empty stomach". Fresh water is added to the unused portion and again stirred to provide more of the preparation, until the mixture becomes too weak.
Explorer Henry Ellis (1721–1806) praises tar water as "the only powerful and prevailing medicine" against scurvy during his 1746 voyage to Hudson's Bay (although his editor, James Lind, notes that "a want of greens and herbage" was the chief cause of the outbreak).
Fleuriot the lieutenant, who suffers from consumption in second degree, is mentioned to have been advised to take tar water in aid of his battle against the ailment, by Sarrazin the general in Memoirs of Vidocq (1828) by Eugène François Vidocq (1775–1857):
In the introduction of his Journal of A Voyage to Lisbon (1749), English author Henry Fielding (1707–1754) briefly tries tar-water as a panacea for treating dropsy: "But even such a panacea one of the greatest scholars and best of men did lately apprehend he had discovered [...]. The reader, I think, will scarce need to be informed that the writer I mean is the late bishop of Cloyne, in Ireland, and the discovery that of the virtues of tar-water". By the Bishop of Cloyne, Fielding refers to the above-mentioned philosopher George Berkeley.
The International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage

The International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage, usually known by its acronym TICCIH, is the international society dedicated to the study of industrial archaeology and the protection, promotion and interpretation of the industrial heritage. TICCIH's Nizhny Tagil Charter (archived), signed in 2003, is the international guidance document for the industrial heritage. In 2011, the Joint ICOMOS – TICCIH Principles for the Conservation of Industrial Heritage Sites, Structures, Areas and Landscapes, also called "The Dublin Principles", were adopted in Paris.
Its period of interest extends forward from the start of the Industrial Revolution and generally includes the material and documentary remains of manufacturing and extractive industry, transport and public service infrastructure. Reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of industrial archaeology, it draws in enthusiasts and professionals from many fields.
TICCIH was founded after the First International Conference for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage in Ironbridge, England, in 1973. It holds a triennial conference of which the last one was in Santiago de Chile, Chile, in 2018. It is organized through a Board and President who are chosen by the National Representatives of the various national committees or associated societies. It has both individual members and national societies such as the North American Society for Industrial Archeology (SIA), the French Comité d'information et de liaison pour l'archéologie, l'étude et la mise en valeur du patrimoine industriel (CILAC) or the British Association for Industrial Archaeology (AIA). Members receive the digital quarterly TICCIH Bulletin and discounted fees for the congress.
TICCIH has been ICOMOS’s specialist adviser on industrial heritage since 2000 and assesses industrial sites for the World Heritage List. It has published a series of guideline documents including canals, railways, bridges and coal mines, which can be downloaded from the TICCIH or ICOMOS websites.
Industrial Heritage Re-Tooled, the TICCIH guide to industrial heritage was published in November, 2012.
In 2013 all 61 national member organizations of the Fédération Internationale des Véhicules Anciens (FIVA) ratified and enacted the "Turin Charter", set forth by TICCIH "to preserve and safeguard the history of vehicles including their engineering, form, functions and documented histories and their many and diverse relationships with society and social environments, .." The Turin Charter follows in the trail of the Venice Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites, the Barcelona Charter, in full the "European Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Traditional Ships in Operation", and the Riga Charter on Authenticity and Historical Reconstruction in Relationship to Cultural Heritage, which articulated standards for the maintenance and preservation of historically significant buildings, watercraft and rail vehicles, respectively.
List of urban areas in the European Union

This is a list of urban areas in the European Union with over 500,000 inhabitants as of 2022. The data comes from Demographia and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Demographia provides figures for urban areas (including conurbations), while the UN DESA figures are a mix agglomerations, cities proper and metropolitan areas. For comparison, Function Urban Area (FUA) population figures by Eurostat are also provided, however, these measure the wider metropolitan areas.
http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf
List of United States urban areas

This is a list of urban areas in the United States as defined by the United States Census Bureau, ordered according to their 2020 census populations. An urban area is defined by the Census Bureau as a contiguous set of census blocks that are "densely developed residential, commercial, and other nonresidential areas".
Urban areas consist of a densely-settled urban core, plus surrounding developed areas that meet certain density criteria. Since urban areas are composed of census blocks and not cities, counties, or county-equivalents, urban area boundaries may consist of partial areas of these political units. Urban areas are distinguished from rural areas: any area not part of an urban area is considered to be rural by the Census Bureau. The list in this article includes urban areas with a population of at least 50,000, but urban areas may have as few as 5,000 residents or 2,000 housing units. Some cities may also be a part of two or more urban areas, as is the case for Huntsville, and the smaller Huntsville Southeast.
For the 2020 census, the Census Bureau redefined the classification of urban areas. The criteria were finalized on March 24, 2022, after a period of public input, and the final results of delineation were published on December 29, 2022. Key changes for the 2020 criteria included:
Largely as a result of the change in criteria, the proportion of American citizens living in urban areas fell between 2010 and 2020, from 80.7% to 80.0%. There were 2,644 urban areas identified by the Census Bureau for 2020. 510 had a population of 50,000 or more and are listed here.
List of urban areas in Europe

This list ranks urban areas in Europe by their population according to two different sources. The list includes urban areas that have a population of over 1 million.
Figures in the first and second column come from the UN's World Urbanization Prospects and list only urban agglomerations. Figures in the third column come from the City Population website and list all continuous urban areas, including conurbations. Further information on how the areas are defined can be found in the source documents. be seen as an interpretation, not as conclusive fact.
List of tallest chimneys

This list of the tallest chimneys in the world ranks chimneys by height.
Although many kinds of industrial facilities have tall chimneys, most of the chimneys with heights of 200 m (660 ft) or more are part of thermal, especially coal-fired power stations. This is to increase the stack effect and disperse pollutants. Only a few smelters, steel mills, chemical factories and oil refineries use such tall chimneys.
Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, tall chimneys were built, at the beginning with bricks, and later also of concrete or steel. Although chimneys never held the absolute height record, they are among the tallest free-standing architectural structures and often hold national records (as tallest free-standing or as overall tallest structures of a country).
Hamon Custodis claims to have built a 707 ft (215 m) stack in 1953, but there are no references to the location or client of this/these stack(s). Skyscraperpage indicates the 846-foot-tall (258 m) chimney of Omskaya Cogeneration Plant #4 was built in 1965, but it is likely that this date is referring to the construction of the first section of the plant with the smaller chimney. No other references or information can be found to corroborate this claim.
Indicates a structure that is no longer standing.
Japanese Steel Smokestacks This is a list of Japanese smokestacks built from large sections of steel pipe. The majority of tall steel chimneys in the world are located in Japan. Unlike other modern developed countries which use reinforced concrete to build tall chimneys, Japan has historically used steel until recently in smokestack construction.
St. Ita's Hospital

St. Ita's Hospital (Irish: Ospidéal Naomh Ita) is a mental health facility in Portrane in the north of County Dublin in Ireland.
The site selected for the facility, which covered 460 acres (1.9 km), was the demesne surrounding Portrane House, the former home of the Evans family. The facility was the subject of a design competition which was won by George Ashlin but his proposed price exceeded the budgeted cost and he was asked to reduce the price: the eminent architect, Sir Thomas Drew, objected to Ashlin being selected on this basis. The facility, which was ultimately designed by Ashlin in the Gothic Revival style, opened as the Portrane Asylum in 1903. At a cost of 300,000 it was the most expensive building ever commissioned up to that time by the British Government in Ireland.
Irish republican Michael Staines was chairman of the hospital board and on one occasion spent the night there while on the run in 1920.
St. Ita's Hospital Radio commenced broadcasting in December 1983 and was the first radio station in Ireland to receive one of the new broadcast licenses after the provisions of the Broadcasting bill were brought into operation in 1988.
After the introduction of deinstitutionalisation in the late 1980s, the hospital went into a period of decline. Nearly 500,000 viewers watched an episode of the RTÉ documentary The Asylum which featured St Ita's Hospital in 2005.
In June 2010, the Mental Health Commission instructed the hospital to stop the admission of acute patients on account of the "entirely unacceptable and inhumane conditions" by 28 February 2011. The hospital closed to inpatients in March 2011 and to outpatients as well in January 2014.
The Health Service Executive (HSE) announced in February 2012 that the Central Mental Hospital would relocate to the former site of the old St Ita's Hospital. The new hospital was completed in 2020, however, construction work and industrial relations issues delayed the opening until November 2022.
Bridgeport Lamp Chimney Company Bowstring Concrete Arch Bridge

The Bridgeport Lamp Chimney Company Bowstring Concrete Arch Bridge is located between Mechanic Street and Baltimore and Ohio Railroad tracks in Bridgeport, West Virginia. The bridge was constructed in 1924, designed by Frank McEnteer. This elegant bowstring reinforced concrete arch bridge represents a traditional bridge type which was readily adapted to what was essentially a new construction material: reinforced concrete. Unlike a rail or road bridge, this bridge can be considered an unusual pedestrian bridge in that it was built by the Bridgeport Lamp Chimney Company in 1924 to provide access from the glass plant to a warehouse on the other side of Simpson Creek. The bridge was designed to carry hand carts with glass products across the river to the warehouse. The bridge remains the only evidence of the original works, and its successor, Master Glass Company. Thus the bridge stands in splendid isolation from any other structure.
The bridge is 70 feet 4 inches (21.44 m) long by 8 feet 11.8 inches (2.738 m) in width. The height of the center line transom is 10 feet (3.0 m) above the deck. Although hidden from view, a notable feature is the proprietary reinforcement used throughout the structure. The principal reinforcing bars are either of the patented Havemeyer reinforcement produced by the Concrete Steel Company of New York, or a similar bar produced by Cambria Iron Works of Johnstown, Pennsylvania. It was an era of intense competition among reinforcing bar manufacturers with each individual deformed bar pattern carefully protected by patents. Smooth bars of approximately 1⁄4 inch (6.4 mm) diameter were employed for stirrups throughout the bridge structure.
The reinforced concrete bowstring arch erected in 1924 by Frank Duff McEnteer and his Concrete Steel Bridge Company is an elegant expression of the bridge builders art executed by one of the pioneers in the use of reinforced concrete for both bridges and buildings. The bridge is a poignant reminder of the early glass industry that flourished in the Clarksburg area and indeed in the state as a whole. The glass industry found a favorable business climate based on cheap natural gas and abundant quartzite for producing products ranging from utilitarian bottles to the finest cut glass. Little remains of this once flourishing industry.
List of Father Brown episodes

Father Brown is a British television detective period drama that has been broadcast on BBC One since 14 January 2013. It stars Mark Williams as the eponymous crime-solving Roman Catholic priest. The series is loosely based on short stories by G. K. Chesterton. As of 17 January 2025, 130 episodes of Father Brown have aired, currently in its twelfth series.
All episodes for this series became available on the BBC iPlayer from the 6 January 2023
All episodes for this series became available on the BBC iPlayer from the 5 January 2024
All episodes for this series became available on the BBC iPlayer from the 10 January 2025
توك توك

توكتوك Auto Rickshaw) ،tuk-tuk ) هو عربيه صغيره بتلات عجلات، بتستخدم كوسيله مواصلات رخيصه. موجود فى بلاد كتيره. ينتشر التوكتوك فى مصر فى اماكن كتيره فى مدن ارياف
التوكتوك يتحرك بموتور صغير بسلندر واحد 400 سى سى . و من اول الشركات المنتجه للتوكتوك هيا شركة باچاچ (Bajaj) الهنديه
ليستة الامثال المصريه

الامثال و مفردها زى و الحكم و مفردها حكمه هيا خزان لتجارب الشعوب و لحكمتها اللى بتلخصها ف كلام موجز عشان تنقلها من جيل للتانى و تحاول تخليهم يتفادو الوقوع فى نفس الغلطات اللى عملها اللى قبلهم. الامثال و الحكم موجوده عند كل الشعوب و ساعات بنفس المعنا زى المثل المصرى: زى القطط ب-سبع-ت-ارواح فيه زى انجليزى قريب منه خالص ف المفردات و الدلاله هو: قطه ب-تسع-ت-ارواح (a cat with nine lives) و اللى بيتضرب ف الواحد اللى ما بيهابش الموت و بيتكتب له عمر جديد بعد كل مره بيخاطر بحياته. ساعات المثل ممن يكون ليه مقابل ف اللغات التانيه بمفردات مختلفه زى المثل المصرى :بيبيع المايه ف حارة السقايين و المثل الانجليزى: بيبيع الفحم لنيوكاسل (Selling Coal To Newcastle). او المثل المصرى اللى يسرق حاجه يسرق الف حاجه و المقابل الرومانى (Azi fură un ou, mâine un bou) و اللى ترجمته : النهارده سرق بيضه بكرا تور.
ممر التنميه والتعمير

ممر التنميه والتعمير فى الصحراء الغربية هو مقترح تقدم به الدكتور فاروق الباز من سنين بغرض إنشاء طريق بالمواصفات العالميه فى صحراء مصر الغربية يمتد من ساحل البحر المتوسط شمالا لغاية بحيرة ناصر فى الجنوب وعلى مسافة تتراوح بين 10 و 80 كيلو متر غرب وادى النيل، يفتح ده الممر آفاق جديده للامتداد العمرانى والزراعى والصناعى والتجارى حول مسافة توصل ل2000 كيلو متر.
يتضمن مقترح ممر التعمير إنشاء:
محافظة القاهره

محافظة القاهره واحده من المحافظات المصريه على الضفه الشرقيه لنهر النيل بطول 41.542 كم و بيحدها من الشمال القليوبيه و الشرقيه و للغرب محافظة الجيزه و من الشرق محافظة السويس, و بتعتبر القاهره المحافظه الاولى فى اقليم القاهره الكبرى, و هوا الاقليم الاول فى مصر و اللى بيضم جنب القاهره محافظة القليوبيه و الجيزه.
مساحة الاراضى الزراعيه 10.89 الف فدان و اجمالى المساحه المحصوليه 15.19 الف فدان.
الصناعات بالمحافظه:
بالقاهره آثار من مختلف الحضارات الفرعونيه و الرومانيه و المسيحيه و الاسلاميه و العصر الحديث و المعالم المشهوره زى: شجره مريم و الكنسيه المعلقه, و الجامع الازهر, و جامع عمرو بن العاص, و قلعه صلاح الدين و المتحف المصرى, و متحف الفن الاسلامى و المتحف القبطى و قصر الامير محمد على بالمنيل و الحديقه اليابانيه و برج القاهره, و الحديقه الدوليه و بانوراما حرب اكتوبر, و مركز القاهره الدولى للمؤتمرات و ارض المموديل و دار الاوبرا, و بالقاهره الفنادق و القرى السياحيه اللى وصل عددها 89 فندق و قريه.
آثار اسلاميه فى محافظة القاهره:
بتنقسم القاهره اداريا لاربعه مناطق, المنطقه الشرقيه و الغربيه و الجنوبيه و الشماليه و بتنقسم المناطق بدورها لاحياء.
عدد المنتفعين فى محو الاميه 34 الف انسان التعليم قبل الجامعى, و عدد المدارس 3250 مدرسه و عدد التلاميذ 1,689,000 تلميذ و بالنسبه للتعليم الازهرى عدد المعاهد الازهريه 195 معهد و عدد التلاميذ 63 الف تلميذ.
اجمالى عدد الكليات 55 كليه و 29 معهد و عدد الطلاب 582 الف طالب.
وليام توك

وليام توك كان رجل دين و مؤرخ من المملكه المتحده لبريطانيا العظمى و ايرلاندا و مملكة بريطانيا العظمى.
وليام توك من مواليد يوم 29 يناير سنة 1744 فى كليركينويل.
كان عضو فى:
وليام توك مات يوم 17 نوفمبر سنة 1820.
لم يتم العثور على روابط لمواقع التواصل الاجتماعي.
توك

توك ( Toc ), قريه فى رومانيا.
وصل عدد السكان فى توك 393 انسان حسب تعداد سنة 2011.
الصفحه دى فيها تقاوى مقاله عن مقاله عن قريه. و انت ممكن تساعد ويكيپيديا مصرى علشان تكبرها.
النقل فى مصر

النقل فى مصر بيتركز فى القاهره و بيتبع نمط التسويه على طول نهر النيل. الخط الرئيسى لنظام السكك الحديديه بيتبع على طول النهر الكبير و بتشغلها القوميه لسكك حديد مصر. و اتوسعت شبكه الطرق سيئه الصيانه بسرعه لأكتر من 22,000 كيلومتر و بتغطى وادى النيل و دلتا النيل و البحر المتوسط و سواحل البحر الأحمر و سيناء و الواحات الغربيه.
و بيوفر مصر للطيران الخدمات الجويه المحليه لوجهات سياحيه رئيسيه من مركز القاهره لها
قناه السويس هى ممر مائى رئيسى من التجاره و الملاحه الدوليه و اللى بتربط بين البحر المتوسط و البحر الأحمر.
و فيه اشكال شعبيه من النقل عن طريق المراكب.
امتازت مصر من القدم باهتمام أهلها بالنقل و وسايله بسبب موقع مصر الرابط بين بين قارات العالم القديم و وقوعها على بحرين المتوسط والأحمر و مرور نهر النيل و تعتبر مصر من أوائل دول العالم استخداما للسكك الحديديه و الطيران.
اترصف أول طريق فى مصر سنه 1913 و هو طريق بين كوبرى الإسماعيليه على ترعه الإسماعليه و بين كوبرى أبو النجا جنب قليوب. و بعد إعلان الجمهوريه فى مصر سنه 1953 بدء الاهتمام بقطاع الطرق و رصفها على الطرق الحديثه وقتها زادت أطوال الطرق المرصوفه من 3,887 كم سنه 1952 ل6,500 كم سنه 1960, و بالتدريج زادت أطوال الطرق لتصل ل46.9 ألف كم سنه 2006. و عدد المركبات 6,860,994 مركبه سنه 2013.
اهتم المصريين القدماء بالنقل المائى أكتر من اهتمامهم بالنقل البرى للظروف البيئيه الطبيعيه, خاصه أن المدن و القرى المصريه كانت معظمها على ضفاف النيل و فروعه, و فكر المصريين فى شق قناه تربط النيل بالبحر الأحمر, و بدء المشروع سنوسرت التالت و حفر فى عهده قناه توصل النيل برأس خليج السويس, سماها المؤرخين قناه سيزوستريس.
و مع تولى محمد على باشا حكم مصر سنه 1805, حفر الترعه المحموديه و طهر و شق الترع الملاحيه شمال و جنوب مصر , و حفر رياحات الدلتا التلاته التوفيقى و المنوفى و البحيرى و أنشأ مدرسه لتعليم صناعه السفن. و فى عهد إسماعيل افتتحت قناه السويس سنة 1869 و اللى أثرت بالسلب على حركه النقل المائى الداخلى خاصه فى الشمال رغم أنها كانت السبب فى تنميه حركه المسافرين بين اوروبا و الهند و جنوب شرق آسيا.
اممت بقرار من الرئيس الأسبق جمال عبد الناصر فى 26 يوليه 1956 ,و بيبلغ طولها 190.250 كم من بورسعيد شمال لحد السويس جنوب. يتستخدم قناه السويس فى نقل 7% من تجاره العالم المنقوله بحر و 3% ينقل من و لموانىء البحر الأحمر والخليج العربى, فى الوقت نفسه 20% من و لموانىء الهند وجنوب شرق آسيا, و 39% بينقل من و لمنطقه الشرق الأقصى, و بتوفر قناه السويس نحو 40 % من طول و نفقات الرحله بين شرق آسيا و اوروبا. و بحسب إحصاءات سنه 2012, إجمالى عدد السفن اللى مرت بالقناه 17,226 سفينه بحمولات صافيه إجماليه بلغت 928,474 ألف طن. و بحسب سنه 2011 دخلها تجاوز 25 مليار جنيه. و من 5 اغسطس 2014 ابتدا مشروع تطوير محور قناه السويس لزياده عمق غاطس القناه و إنشاء تفريعات جديده موازيه بتسمح بالحركه المزدوجه للسفن دون إيقاف حركه الملاحه, بجانب إنشاء موانئ و تطوير الموانئ القديمه.
تعتبر مصر من أوائل الدول اللى استخدمت الطيران فى النقل, و اتأسست بيها أول شركه طيران وطنيه و هى مصر للطيران فى 7 مايو 1932 (من 0 سنه) و بكده بقت مصر صاحبه أول خط جوى فى المنطقه العربيه و الشرق الوسطانى و سابع شركه طيران ناقله على مستوى العالم.
بحسب إحصاءات سنه 2012, مصر بتمتلك 30 مطار مدني.
كمسرى

الكمسرى هو الموظف المختص بتحصيل تذاكر الركاب والمسئول عن سلامة الركاب فى السكك الحديدية وفى النقل الجماعي والنقل العام و المترو والترماي وبرضه مسؤول عن كل ما يتعلق بأمور الركاب وسلامتهم
الصفحه دى فيها تقاوى مقاله, و انت ممكن تساعد ويكيپيديا مصرى علشان تكبرها.
لوحات العربيات فى سوريا

لوحات تسجيل العربيات في سوريا من سنة 1997 بتحتوي على حروف سودا على خلفية بيضا و بتنقسم اللوحة لـ 4 أقسام (من اليسار لليمين):
القسم الشمال: ف أعلى اسم المحافظة باللغة العربية و رقم التسجيل (بحد أقصى 6 أرقام) بالأرقام العربية. المحافظات هيا:
و هيا لوحة مخصصة للعربيات الخاصة و الشخصية و بتكون خلفيتها بيضاء و خطها أسود.
المملوكة للقطاع الخاص المملوكة للقطاع الخاص و تشغيل النقل العام فى الغالب عربيات الأجرة و بتكون خلفيتها بيضاء و خطها أحمر.
المملوكة للقطاع العام
بتدير الاتوبيسات العامة المملوكة للجمهور و بتشغلها في الغالب و بتكون خلفيتها حمراء و خطها أسود.
عربيات للايجار مع سائق
عربيات التأجير مع السواقين و بتكون خلفيتها زرقاء و خطها أبيض.
عربيات للأيجار بدون سائق
عربيات الايجار بدون سواق فيها مزيج من الأبيض على الأزرق و الأسود على الأبيض (زى العربيات الخاصة).
عربات النقل و بتكون خلفيتها صفراء و خطها أسود.
شركة مصر للبترول

شركه مصر للبترول هيا اكبر شركات تسويق المنتجات البتروليه فى مصر الشركه بتسوق و بتنقل المنتجات البتروليه حسب الحصص المتقرره من الهيئه العامه المصريه للبترول.
شركه مصر للبترول هيا اقدم شركه بترول فى مصر بتمارس نشاطها من سنة 1911 و كانت بتتعرف باسم شركه شل لمصر لميتد, اللى اتاممت و اتحولت للقطاع السنه فى سنه 1964 تحت اسمها الحالى شركه مصر للبترول كواحده من الشركات الوطنيه.
بتمتلك الشركه مستودعات رئيسيه و فرعيه (13 مستودع موزعه فى كل انحاء الجمهوريه) و بتمتلك الشركه اسطول نقل متعدد الاغراض و بيتكون من عدد 600 وحده مختلفه.
المجمع بيخلط و بيعبى الزيوت المعدنيه بطاقه سنويه 150000الف طن اليا لحساب الشركه و لحساب الشركات التانيه زى بترومين-B.p-كاسترول - توتال-النيل-كارجاس- شل -الوطنيه والكثير
بتصدر الشركه الزيوت المعدنيه و الكيماويات للدول الافريقيه و العربيه " السعوديه, اليمن, السودان, غانا, زامبيا, توجو, مالطا.... "
انشات الشركه اقدم مؤسسه للتدريب فى مصر و الشرق الاوسط لخدمه قطاع البترول بشكل عام. و بيعمل المركز دورات تدريبيه للعاملين فى شركات البترول العربيه.
عدد العماله بالشركه اكتر من 8000 عامل فى التخصصات المختلفه.
بتسعى الشركه دايما لتحقيق سياسه الجوده اللى التزمت بيها من الحصول على
لم يتم العثور على روابط لمواقع التواصل الاجتماعي.
1963

1963 كانت سنه بسيطه فى التقويم الجريجورى . 1963 (نمر رومانى) was a سنة بسيطه تبتدى من التلات فى التقويم جريجورى, ال1963 سنة من قبل الميلاد (CE) و بعد الميلاد (AD) التسميات, ال963 سنة من الفيه 2 , ال63 سنه من قرن 20, و ال 4 سنه من عقد 1960 decade
.
السنه دى بتوافق فى التقويمين القبطى و المصرى
1680(قبطى), 6205(مصرى)
Tok Tok

Tok Tok was a quarterly Arabic comic magazine published in Cairo, Egypt. It was the first independent self-published comic magazine in the country and was in circulation between 10 January 2011 and 2020.
Tok Tok was first published on 10 January 2011. The founders of the magazine were five Egyptian graphic artists, namely Shennawy, Makhlouf, Hisham Rahma, Andil, and Tawfeek. They were also contributors of the magazine which funded itself. However, later the magazine was financially supported by the European Union. The goal of the magazine was to offer a forum for Egypt's comic scene and for informing people about their predecessors using comics and graphics.
The title of the magazine, Tok Tok, is a three-wheeled covered scooter used as a main method of motorized transportation in areas and roads in Egyptian cities where cars cannot be used. The magazine’s tagline was “the stop for graphic stories” and the cover page also contains the statement, “to be kept out of the reach of children”.
The target audience of Tok Tok were adults. Based in Cairo, the magazine contained graphic short stories and satirical comics. The stories published were mostly about love, joblessness, the attitudes of the elders and the authorities or the chaos of Cairo. The characters featured in the magazine were from the local heritage and experiences.
Tok Tok was supported by various European cultural institutes during its lifetime. In 2011, the magazine won the second prize in the best independent comic magazine section at the Algiers International Comics Festival in Algeria (FIBDA). The last issue of Tok Tok, #16, was published in October 2020.
Algiers International Comics Festival

The Algiers International Comics Festival (Festival International de la Bande Dessinée d’Alger, FIBDA) is a thematic festival organized in Algiers, Algeria, which was launched in 2008.
The FIBDA was established in Algiers, Algeria, in 2008. It takes place in October annually under the aegis of the Ministry of Culture. In 2011, French cartoonist Hervé Barulea became the president of the FIBDA.
The focus of the FIBDA is the comic book industry. It has annual themes - for instance, it was "Algiers, Balloons Bay" in 2009 and “Algiers, Bubbles Without Borders” in 2011. Artists from different countries in addition to local artists participate in the events organized under the FIBDA. Therefore, it is the major event in its category in pan Africa and Arab world with its huge number of international guests and its activities. In the festival several bodies and publications focusing on comics from Africa are awarded. One of the publications awarded is the Egyptian magazine Tok Tok.
Saudi Public Transport Company

The Saudi Public Transport Company (SAPTCO) (Arabic: الشركة السعودية للنقل الجماعي) is a public owned transport company, which operates urban buses in Riyadh, Jeddah, and Mecca; intercity buses; and international buses to the UAE, Egypt (via ferry connection), Jordan and Bahrain.
Buses are gender-segregated, women and children using a rear door on urban buses for women and children and front seats on intercity buses.
The enterprise was established on 4 February 1979, with the issuance of Royal Decree No. (M / 11) Sheikh Saleh Abdullah Kamel was behind the creation of SAPTCO. SAPTCO was created by signing contracts with American transportation companies to manage it, with the money being provided by the Saudi government, and Saleh Kamel acting as the middleman and collecting a percentage of the contracts as a fee. The American companies were DMJM (Daniel, Mann, Johnson & Mendenhall, now a subsidiary of AECOM) and ATE Management & Services Company. The initial bus fare within cities was one Saudi riyal, by royal degree, but this has been overturned and the fare increased. On 4 November 2017, Kamel was arrested in Saudi Arabia in a "corruption crackdown" conducted by a new royal anti-corruption committee. It was the first purge organized by Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman. Saleh Kamel died in 2020.
Nature One

Nature One is one of the largest European open-air electronic music festivals, featuring many renowned DJs from Germany and all over the world. In significance it is not as big as Mayday nor as old, having started three years later than the Mayday festival. However, attendance has surpassed the Mayday, even when one takes into account that the Mayday only lasts one evening, while the Nature One has two main evenings with additional smaller events from Thursday till Sunday.
Nature One tickets cost approximately 70 euros (as of 2010). But unlike the Love Parade, the only real damage to nature occurs due to the trampling of the grass on the bunker hills and the fields used for camping (the crops have always been harvested by the time the festival starts).
As a special attraction there is a fireworks display on Saturday evening.
The festival lasts for one long weekend each year always on the first weekend of August.
In 2004 the festival had an attendance of roughly 53,000, with over 40,000 using the nearby fields for camping over the weekend (officially allowed and organized by the Nature One staff).
The camping ground has always been the second festival, with many hobby DJs and some commercially organized trucks, loaded with generators and fuel, the equipment rivaling small clubs in turntables, loudspeakers and sometimes even lighting. Some people who are either unwilling or unable to pay for admission to the festival area use this fact to have a cheaper alternative festival weekend.
The festival itself is structured into four "main floors" each for a few thousand:
There are also a few smaller areas (in 2012, there are 18 smaller areas), sometimes occupied by techno club crews for a few hundred. The whole thing is located at a US missile base called "Pydna", now decommissioned, which has all necessary infrastructure and space for this kind of festival, a total of 100,000 m (without camping, which takes up more than 1 km).
Since 2002 Nature One is supported by eve&rave Münster e.V. with drug-information desks.
50°02′36″N 7°25′21″E﻿ / ﻿50.04333°N 7.42250°E﻿ / 50.04333; 7.42250