davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Milky Mist Dairy

Milky Mist Dairy (MMD) is an Indian manufacturer of dairy products, based in Perundurai, Tamil Nadu. Formed in 1997 by T. Sathish Kumar, Milky Mist is engaged in milk procurement, processing, and manufacturing of other dairy products. Milky Mist's products include frozen food, dairy, desserts, food enhancers and yogurts.
Milky Mist was founded in 1985 initially as a milk trading company. In 1994, Milky Mist began producing paneer and subsequently other dairy items including curd, butter, cheese, yogurt and ice cream.
Milky Mist's initial plant was set up in a 2 acres of land in Chithode, Erode district. In 2019–20, Milky Mist shifted its manufacturing facility from the old plant to a new plant spread over 55 acres (22 ha) with a processing capacity of one million litres (220,000 imp gal; 260,000 US gal) per day (MLPD). It manufactures dairy products like curd, yogurt, mozzarella cheese, and paneer.
In 2022, the company launched its D2C e-commerce website and mobile app.
The company has been setting up India's largest single-location cheese making unit in Perundurai in the Erode district, about 430 km west of Chennai, with an investment of ₹450 crore.
In July 2024, Milky Mist announced that it is preparing for an initial public offering (IPO) to raise between ₹1,500 crore and ₹2,000 crore, at a valuation of ₹2,000 crore.this company already rejected by many pe funds valuation below 3,000 crore The funds will be used to support its expansion plans, particularly into markets outside southern India, such as Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Delhi-NCR.
MMD's products include Curd (Indian Yoghurt), Fresh Paneer, Mozzarella Cheese, Cheddar Cheese, Processed Cheese, Gouda cheese, Fresh and UHT Cream, UHT Milk, Butter, Ghee, Khova, Yoghurts, traditional milk-based products like Shrikhand, Payasam (Kheer), Mishti Doi, Spray dried products such as Dairy Whitener, Skimmed Milk Powder, and Whey Powder. Also, they have launched new products such as Probiotic Curd, Frozen Pizza, UHT Lassi.
MMD operates the largest fully-automated mozzarella plant in the country which comprises a robotic line production facility for paneer.
MMD procures 8 lakh litres per day of milk directly from 70,000+ farmers spread over 20 districts of Tamil Nadu and 1 district in Karnataka.
Sangli railway station

Sangli railway station is a major railway station serving the city of Sangli in Maharashtra, India. It is classified as a Class A station within the Pune Railway Division of the Central Railway Zone under Indian Railways.
The station is situated at an elevation of 558 metres above sea level. The station has five platforms and operates on a double electric broad-gauge railway line as of 2020. The station facilitates the stoppage of 64 trains, with 3 trains originating and 3 terminating at the station. Among these services are 4 Vande Bharat high-speed trains. Additionally, Pune Airport is located approximately 200 kilometres from Sangli.
The General Manager of Central Railway has granted in-principle approval for the construction of a PIT line at Sangli Railway Station. This development will enable the origination and termination of long-distance trains at Sangli, enhancing connectivity to other cities. The new PIT line will also facilitate the introduction of local trains, such as the Sangli–Pandharpur, Sangli–Solapur, Sangli–Kurduvadi, Sangli–Belgaum, Sangli–Londa, and Sangli–Vasco services.
Before 1971, Sangli was the terminus of the narrow-gauge Miraj–Sangli railway line. Following gauge conversion in 1971, the branch line was closed, and Sangli was incorporated into the Miraj–Pune main line. The old station, located in the heart of Sangli city, was demolished in 2003. Several upgrades have been made at the station, including the installation of coach display units and paved platform surfaces.
There is a strong demand from passengers in both Belgaum and Sangli districts for the extension of the Mysuru–Dharwar Express up to Sangli. In response, the Railway Minister of State, Mr. Suresh Angadi, approved the extension. Furthermore, with the completion of electrification and doubling of the Pune–Sangli–Miraj–Bangalore line, Sangli has become a pivotal station along this route. Ongoing efforts from the local Railway Action Committee and Member of Parliament, Mr. Sanjaykaka Patil, have resulted in the Railway Board's approval of the extension of the Rani Chennamma Express and Parli Vaijnath DEMU Express to Sangli.
Sangli Railway Station serves as a key hub for train services connecting to various cities across India, including Bangalore, Pandharpur, Mysore, Belagavi, Hubli, Goa, Madgaon, Pondicherry, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Cochin, Madurai, Salem, Erode, Davangere, Kozhikode, and Kolhapur. Some notable train services include:
Sangli station also connects to major urban centres, such as Pune, Mumbai, Surat, Vadodara, Ahmedabad, Udaipur, Jodhpur, Ajmer, Bikaner, Delhi, Bhopal, Agra, Nagpur, Gandhidham, and Ratlam.
Vasudhara Dairy

Vasudhara Dairy (Valsad District's Milk Producers Union Ltd.) is headquartered in Alipore, approx 3 km from Chikhli, Gujarat. It produces and markets milk and ghee (clarified butter) for the local market under the Amul brand name. Its current capacity is 400,000 liters per day.
It has branches (ice cream manufacturing plants and milk-milk products) in Nagpur and Boisar. Amul Ice Cream produced here is marketed to Mumbai and Maharashtra markets.
The union, which covers three districts - Valsad, Navsari and Dangs under its milk shed area, was the first among all the co-operative dairies of Gujarat to enter in ice cream business under the Amul brand in 1997 when it took over an ice cream plant in Boisar and moved from Gujarat to Maharashtra for business.
Kaamulan

Kaamulan Festival is an ethnic cultural festival held annually in Malaybalay City, Bukidnon in the Philippines from the second half of February to March 10, the anniversary date of the foundation of Bukidnon as a province in 1917. It is held to celebrate the culture and tradition of the seven ethnic tribal groups—Bukidnon, Higaonon, Talaandig, Manobo, Matigsalug, Tigwahanon and Umayamnon—that originally inhabit the province.
Kaamulan comes from the Binukid word "amul" meaning to gather. Kaamulan is gathering for a purpose—a datuship ritual, a wedding ceremony, a thanksgiving festival during harvest time, a peace pact, or all of these together.
Kaamulan started as a festival on May 15, 1974, during the fiesta celebration of the then municipality of Malaybalay. A town official thought of inviting some indigenous people to town and made them perform a few dance steps at Plaza Rizal to enliven the fiesta celebration. The celebration however proved very popular and together with national coverage the Kaamulan festival has become the regional festival of Northern Mindanao, as declared by the Regional Development Council of Region 10 on September 16, 1977. Kaamulan was formerly held in the first week of September but in 1996, it was transferred to the present date to synchronize it with the foundation celebration of the province until in 2014 it was moved to the month of August in light of the 100th Founding Anniversary of Bukidnon. The festival was cited for having a great potential to be included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.
The typical Indigenous People of this Province are broadly identified into two ethnical origins namely: the Bukidnon and the Manobo. The Bukideño have distinct physical characteristics whom may be describe as with slight build bodies, slanting eyelets, relatively high noses with lips that ranges from medium and brown to light skin color. They speak binukid, which is distinctive with up and down tone unlike other dialects. While the Manobo is a Negrito mixture and resembles to have small bodies, dark skin, curly hair with broad to flat noses. Socially, the so-called Bukidnon live in the relative flatlands of the Bukidnon plateau and have already adopted Christian ways and utilized modern technology while the Manobos live in the mountains and do not want to mingle with the Christians and other people. It is believed that Bukidnon have a more advanced stage of development and who have developed their own culture and traditions.
The Bukidnon tribes were classified as lowlands and socially acculturated Christians adopting modern technology through educational enhancement. These are the following:
Anasuya Sengupta (actress)

Anasuya Sengupta is an Indian actress and production designer. She has established a career in the film industry, as well as winning the Performance Awards in the Un Certain Regard Award category at the 2024 Cannes Film Festival.
Sengupta was born and brought up in a Bengali family in Kolkata, West Bengal. She obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in English literature from Jadavpur University, but wanted to establish herself as a journalist.
Anasuya Sengupta gained widespread recognition for her performance in The Shameless (2024). In addition to her work in film, she has been actively involved in theatre and production design, having started her career with Madly Bangalee, directed by Anjan Dutt and worked as a director's assistant to Claire McCarthy for The Waiting City that same year. Over the years, she has expanded her presence beyond acting, appearing on the cover of Harper's Magazine and walking the ramp at Lakmé Fashion Week for designer Sameer Madan. She was also featured on an Amul billboard and has been recognized with accolades from Cheries Cheris and Plurielles.
Sengupta won the Performance Awards in the Un Certain Regard Award category of the Cannes Film Festival, making her the first Indian actress to achieve this honor. She won the award for her performance in The Shameless (2024).
ከሞኝ ደጃፍ ሞፈር ይቆረጣል

ከሞኝ ደጃፍ ሞፈር ይቆረጣል የአማርኛ ምሳሌ ነው። ከሞኝ ደጃፍ ሞፈር ይቆረጣል የአማርኛ ምሳሌ ነው።
List of United States Marine Corps acronyms and expressions

This is a list of acronyms, expressions, euphemisms, jargon, military slang, and sayings in common or formerly common use in the United States Marine Corps. Many of the words or phrases have varying levels of acceptance among different units or communities, and some also have varying levels of appropriateness (usually dependent on how senior the user is in rank). Many terms also have equivalents among other service branches that are not acceptable among Marines, but are comparable in meaning. Many acronyms and terms have come into common use from voice procedure use over communication channels, translated into the phonetic alphabet, or both. Many are or derive from nautical terms and other naval terminology. Most vehicles and aircraft have a formal acronym or an informal nickname; those are detailed in their own articles.
The scope of this list is to include words and phrases that are unique to or predominantly used by the Marine Corps or the United States Naval Service. Recent joint operations have allowed terms from other military services to leak into the USMC lexicon, but can be found with their originating service's slang list, see the "See also" section.
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps.
Mimetic theory

The mimetic theory of desire, an explanation of human behavior and culture, originated with the French historian, literary critic, and philosopher of social science René Girard (1923–2015). The name of the theory derives from the philosophical concept mimesis, which carries a wide range of meanings. In mimetic theory, mimesis refers to human desire, which Girard thought was not linear but the product of a mimetic process in which people imitate models who endow objects with value. Girard called this phenomenon "mimetic desire", and described mimetic desire as the foundation of his theory:
Mimetic theory has two main parts - the desire itself, and the resulting scapegoating. Girard's idea proposes that all desire is merely an imitation of another's desire, and the desire only occurs because others have deemed said object as worthwhile. This means that a desirable object is only desired because of societal ideas, and is not based on personal preference like most believe. The mimetic desire is triangular, based on the subject, model, and object. The subject mimics the model, and both desire the object. Subject and model thus form a rivalry which eventually leads to the scapegoat mechanism.
The scapegoat mechanism has one requirement for it to be effective in restoring the peace; all participants in the removal of the scapegoat must genuinely believe that he is guilty. It is also essential that the scapegoat cannot strike back afterwards, so it is common for him to be killed. Once he is gone, peace will quickly be restored, further confirming his "guilt". However, the scapegoat is chosen arbitrarily. The resulting peace is borne from violence, and this form of violence controlling violence has existed since the beginning of civilizations.
Girard believed that we cannot truly escape this mimetic desire, and that any attempts to do so would simply land you playing the game of mimesis on a different level. A new desire for peace must develop in order for the violence of scapegoating to end. However, the model for this desire must somehow rise above the tendency to scapegoat.
In more recent years, mimetic theory was expanded by colleagues and critics of Girard, including Jean-Pierre Dupuy from the angle of economics, Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe from the perspective of philosophy, and Nidesh Lawtoo from the angle of mimetic studies. Mimetic studies argues that not only desires, but all affects are mimetic.
Night Train (2009 film)

Night Train is a 2009 direct-to-video mystery thriller film produced by Rifkin-Eberts Productions and stars Danny Glover, Leelee Sobieski, Steve Zahn and Matthias Schweighöfer. It pays homage to a variety of classic suspense films such as Strangers on a Train (1951), The Lady Vanishes (1938), and The Maltese Falcon (1941), though the plot bears only passing resemblance to any of them. The film did not appear in theaters and was released on DVD for US markets in July 2009.
One Christmas night, a man runs through a forest carrying something. A nearly deserted train pulls into a station, and two conductors get out, take a stretch, and kill time as no one seems to board. Just as the train is about to depart, the running man calls out, runs to the train, and seems to want to board. He does not speak and, assuming that perhaps he does not know English, the conductors let him on with the intention of getting his money later. He joins two of the only five passengers who appear to be on the train at that point. One of the passengers, an inebriated salesman named Pete, offers the man a drink. The man downs a mouthful of pills, then washes them down with the vodka. Soon after, the man dies as a result of ingesting Seconal combined with alcohol, which causes his heart and lungs to stop working.
Upon this discovery, Pete and another passenger, medical student Chloe, locate the head conductor, Miles, and alert him to what has happened. Miles intends to call the authorities at the next stop, but Pete discovers a mysterious object in the box the dead man was carrying and, peering inside, is intrigued. Chloe also looks inside the object and they immediately, convinced that there is a liberating fortune inside, scheme for ways to keep it. They suggest the idea to Miles, who tells them they're crazy and takes the object and the box it was in back to his office, purportedly to keep it safe and call the authorities, but he too peers inside and his will is overcome.
With a crazed Chloe taking the lead, the three decide to dispose of the man's body and keep the treasure for themselves. Their only problems now are keeping anyone else from finding out, warding off the other suspicious passengers as well as the other conductor, and keeping a close eye on one another, as paranoia takes hold and the box's influence continues to do its work.
Eventually, it is revealed that the box contains a supernatural force of some kind, and that whoever looks into it sees what would tempt them the most, dooming them to corruption and death before dawn. The last survivor, Miles, lives only long enough to attempt to destroy the device by placing it in the path of an oncoming train, but dies just after seeing it nudged off the tracks by a curious dog.
Ultimately, a random toddler-age child wandering alone in the middle of nowhere, miles from any city, town, or train station, picks up the box, looks inside, and smiles.
Voiced alveolar and postalveolar approximants

The voiced alveolar and postalveolar approximants are types of consonantal sounds used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents the alveolar and postalveolar approximants is ⟨ɹ⟩, a lowercase letter r rotated 180 degrees. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is r\.
The most common sound represented by the letter r in English is the voiced postalveolar approximant, pronounced a little more back and transcribed more precisely in IPA as ⟨ɹ̠⟩, but ⟨ɹ⟩ is often used for convenience in its place. For further ease of typesetting, English phonemic transcriptions might use the symbol ⟨r⟩ even though this symbol represents the alveolar trill in phonetic transcription.
The bunched or molar r sounds remarkably similar to the postalveolar approximant and can be described as a voiced labial pre-velar approximant with tongue-tip retraction. It can be transcribed in IPA as ⟨ψ⟩ or ⟨ɹ̈⟩.
Features of the voiced alveolar approximant:
As an allophone of other rhotic sounds, [ɹ] occurs in Edo, Fula, Murrinh-patha, and Palauan.
Uwang Ahadas

Si Uwang Ahadas (Pebrero 15, 1945 – Oktubre 29, 2022) ay isang Pilipinong musikero ng katutubong musika ng mga taong Yakan na nakatanggap ng Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan.
Si Uwang Ahadas ay ipinanganak noong Pebrero 15, 1945. Naging malapit siyang mabulag noong siya ay limang taong gulang. Naniniwala ang mga tao sa kanyang komunidad na ito ay dahil sa pagganti ng mga espiritu ng kalikasan na naninirahan sa Bohe Libaken, isang sapa kung saan madalas naliligo si Ahadas. Si Ahadas kasama ang kanyang mga kapatid na musikero ay tinuruan kung paano tumugtog ng mga tradisyonal na instrumento ng Yakan noong mga bata pa. Una niyang natutunan kung paano tumugtog ng gabbang, isang instrumentong kahoy na kawayan na katulad ng xylophone pagkatapos ay natutunan niya kung paano tumugtog ng agung isang instrumentong tradisyonal na tinutugtog ng mga lalaking Yakan.
Sa edad na 20, natutunan na ni Ahadas ang kwintangan na itinuturing na pinakamahalagang instrumentong pangmusika ng Yakan sa kabila ng tradisyonal na instrumento na nakalaan para sa mga kababaihan. Marunong din siyang tumugtog ng tuntungan.
Talaan ng mga etimolohiya ng mga pangalan ng mga lungsod sa Pilipinas

Mula noong 2010, kinuha ang mga pangalan ng higit sa 120 lungsod sa Pilipinas mula sa iba't ibang mga wikang katutubo (Austronesyo) at dayuhan (halos Kastila). Nagmula ang panagalan ng karamihan sa mga lungsod sa Pilipinas sa mga pangunahing wikang pangrehiyon kung saan nakatagpo ang lugar kabilang ang Tagalog (Filipino), Sebwano, Ilokano, Hiligaynon, Bikolano, Kapampangan at Pangasinense. Sinusulat ang karamihan ng mga ito gamit ang ortograpiyang Kastila, ngunit napanatili rin ng ilan ang kanilang mga katutubong pagbaybay. Eksklusibong nagmula ang mga pangalan ng tatlumpu't anim na lungsod sa wikang Kastila habang nakuha ang mga pangalan ng hindi bababa sa tatlo mula sa lumang wikang Sanskrito.
Sa 120 lungsod, pinangalanan ang labing-apat bilang parangal sa isang indibidwal habang pinangalanan ang sampu sa mga santo.
Distritong pambatas ng Basilan

Ang solong Distritong Pambatas ng Lalawigan ng Basilan ang kinatawan ng lalawigan ng Basilan sa mababang kapulungan ng Pilipinas.
Ang kasalukuyang nasasakupan ng Basilan ay dating kinakatawan ng Departmento ng Mindanao at Sulu (1917–1935), dating lalawigan ng Zamboanga (1935–1953), Zamboanga del Sur (1953–1972) at Rehiyon IX (1978–1984).
Kahit hiniwalay ang Basilan mula sa Lungsod ng Zamboanga pagkatapos itong gawing lungsod noong Hunyo 16, 1948, ang noo'y Lungsod ng Basilan ay nanatiling bahagi ng kinakatawan ng Zamboanga (ayon sa Seksyon 42 ng Batas Pambansa Blg. 288) at Zamboanga del Sur (ayon sa Seksyon 7 ng Batas Pambansa Blg. 711).
Sa bisa ng Presidential Decree Blg. 356 na iprinoklama noong Disyembre 27, 1973, ginawang lalawigan ang Basilan. Ang kasalukuyang downtown na bahagi ng Lungsod ng Isabela ang nanatiling bahagi ng lungsod. Sa bisa ng Presidential Decree Blg. 840 na iprinoklama noong Disyembre 11, 1975, tuluyang binuwag ang lungsod; pinag-isa ang dating teritoryo ng lungsod at ang bayan ng Malamawi upang buuin ang munisipalidad ng Isabela.
Mula 1984 hanggang 1986, nagpadala ng isang assemblyman at-large ang lalawigan sa Regular Batasang Pambansa.
Sa ilalim ng bagong Konstitusyon, nabigyan ng solong distrito ang lalawigan noong 1987.
Notes
Isabela, Basilan

Ang lungsod ng Isabela ay isang ikalimang klaseng lungsod at dating kabisera ng lalawigan ng Basilan sa Pilipinas. Matatagpuan ang lungsod sa hilagang baybayin ng Basilan. Sa kabila ng Kipot ng Basilan sa hilaga ay ang lungsod ng Zamboanga. Ayon sa senso ng 2020, ito ay may populasyon na 130,379 sa may 26,649 na kabahayan.
Habang pinangangasiwaan ang lalawigan ng Basilan bilang bahagi ng Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, ang mismong lungsod ng Isabela ay hindi bahagi ng rehiyong ito; sa halip, pinangangasiwaan ito sa ilalim ng Zamboanga Peninsula Region.
Nahahati ang Isabela sa 45 mga barangay.
Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Pilipinas ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Lamitan

Ang Lungsod ng Lamitan ay ang lungsod at kasibera ng lalawigan ng Basilan, Pilipinas.
Ang Lamitan ay ganap na naging lungsod noong 18 Hunyo 2007 makaraang ratipikahan ng mamamayan nito sa isang plebisito ang Batas Republika Bilang 9393, Ang Karta ng Lungsod ng Lamitan.
Ayon sa senso ng 2020, ito ay may populasyon na 100,150 sa may 19,353 na kabahayan.
Nahahati ang Lamitan sa 45 mga barangay.
Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Pilipinas ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Akbar, Basilan

Ang Bayan ng Akbar ay isang bayan sa lalawigan ng Basilan, Pilipinas. Dating kabahagi ang bayan na ito ng bayan ng Tuburan. Ayon sa senso ng 2020, ito ay may populasyon na 23,098 sa may 3,621 na kabahayan.
Ang bayan ng Akbar ay nahahati sa 9 na mga barangay.
Ang lathalaing ito ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Ambalang Ausalin

Ambalang Ausalin (March 4, 1943 – February 18, 2022) was a Filipino master weaver from the city of Lamitan, Basilan.
Ambalang was renowned for her mastery of the crafts of sinaluan and sputangan, two of the most intricately designed textiles of the indigenous Yakan community. She learned weaving through her mother, who was previously reputed to be the best weaver in Basilan and first practiced the craft by using coconut strips.
Ausalin was given the National Living Treasure Award by the Philippines through the National Commission for Culture and the Arts in 2016.
She died of lingering illness at her home in Parangbasak, Lamitan, on February 18, 2022, at the age of 78.
In June 2024, the Inauguration of the Gamaba Weaving Center and the Ambalang Museum featuring Yakan culture was led by her eldest son Berty Ausalin in Lamitan. She is recognized as the master of the Yakan “tennun” (woven cloth).
Uwang Ahadas

Uwang Ahadas (February 15, 1945 – October 29, 2022) was a Filipino folk musician of the Yakan people who was a recipient of the National Living Treasures Award.
Uwang Ahadas was born on February 15, 1945. He went near blind when he was five years old. People in his community believed that this was due to retribution of nature spirits which lived in Bohe Libaken, a creek where Ahadas frequently bathed. Ahadas along with his sibling musicians were taught how to play Yakan traditional instruments as children. He first learned how to play the gabbang, a wooden bamboo instrument similar to the xylophone then learned how to play the agung an instrument traditionally played by Yakan men.
By age 20, Ahadas had already mastered the kwintangan which is considered as the most important Yakan musical instrument despite the instrument being traditionally reserved for women. He could also play the tuntungan.
Ahadas taught his children how to play Yakan traditional instruments, including Darna who would later become a teacher of these traditions herself. Ahadas went on to promote these traditions outside his native town of Lamitan, Basilan.
Ahadas was recognized as a National Living Treasure by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts in the year 2000. He died on October 29, 2022, at the age of 77.
National Living Treasures Award (Philippines)

The National Living Treasures Award, alternatively known as the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA; lit. 'Award for the Creators of the Country'), is conferred to a person or group of artists recognized by the Government of the Philippines for their contributions to the country's intangible cultural heritage. A recipient of the award, a National Living Treasure or Manlilikha ng Bayan is "a Filipino citizen or group of Filipino citizens engaged in any traditional art uniquely Filipino, whose distinctive skills have reached such a high level of technical and artistic excellence and have been passed on to and widely practiced by the present generations in their community with the same degree of technical and artistic competence."
In 1988, the National Folk Artists Award was organized by the Rotary Club of Makati-Ayala. The distinctions were given by the organization until it was replaced by the GAMABA Law in 1992. The recipients of the National Folk Artists from 1988–1992 are not recognized by the government as the award was given by a private organization.
The National Living Treasures Award (Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan) was institutionalized in 1992 through Republic Act No. 7355.
The National Commission for Culture and the Arts, which is the highest policy-making and coordinating body of the Philippines for culture and the arts, was tasked with the implementation and awarding. This is in line with UNESCO's criteria of Living National Treasures.
To become a National Living Treasure, the candidate must possess the following qualifications:
A traditional artist who possesses all the qualities of a Manlilikha ng Bayan candidate, but due to age or infirmity has left them incapable of teaching further their craft, may still be recognized if:
The Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan recipients, as exemplified in Republic Act No. 7355 shall receive a plaque or medal bearing the logo of the award. A duplicate of this is to be donated to and permanently displayed in the pertinent provincial museum or largest cultural center.
An initial grant of One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) and Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) a month thereafter for life.
The categories are, but not limited to, the following categories of traditional folk arts:
Other artistic expressions of traditional culture may be added, such as the case of the ethnomedicine category, which was added only in 2020.
As defined by UNESCO, the bearers of intangible cultural heritage are to be known internationally as Living Human Treasures. The Filipino counterparts of this title are the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) awardees.
There are currently twenty-five declared GAMABA awardees, all of which have exemplified the highest standard in their respective field of expertise.
ممبئی یونیورسٹی

ممبئی یونیورسٹی جسے ایم یو بھی کہا جاتا ہے بھارت کی ابتدائی ریاستی جامعات میں سے ایک اور مہاراشٹر کی سب سے قدیم یونیورسٹی ہے۔
ممبئی یونیورسٹی میں بیچلرز، ماسٹرز اور پی ایچ ڈی کورس کے علاوہ مختلف شعبہ ہائے فنون میں ڈپلوما اور اسناد جاری کی جاتی ہیں۔ بیشتر نصابوں کی تدریسی زبان انگریزی ہے۔ ممبئی شہر میں یونیورسٹی کے تین کیمپس (کلینا کیمپس، تھانہ کیمپس اور فورٹ کیمپس) ہیں اور بیرون شہر ایک۔ ان میں فورٹ کیمپس محض انتظامی امور کے لیے مختص ہے۔ ممبئی میں موجود متعدد ادارے جو پہلے یونیورسٹی سے ملحق تھے اب خود مختار ادارے یا جامعات کی شکل اختیار کر چکے ہیں۔ ممبئی یونیورسٹی کو دنیا کی بڑی یونیورسٹیوں میں شمار کیا جاتا ہے۔ سنہ 2011ء میں یونیورسٹی میں زیر تعلیم طلبہ کی تعداد 549432 تھی۔ فی الحال اس سے 711 کالج ملحق ہیں۔
سر چارلس ووڈ کے 1854ء کے ہدایت نامے کے مطابق سنہ 1857ء میں بمبئی اسوسی ایشن کی جانب سے حکومت برطانیہ کے حضور عرض گزاری گئی اور بعد ازاں بمبئی یونیورسٹی کا قیام عمل میں آیا۔ اسے برطانوی جامعات خصوصاً لندن یونیورسٹی کی طرز پر بنایا گیا تھا۔
یونیورسٹی میں سب سے پہلے جو شعبے قائم کیے گئے وہ شعبہ فنون اور شعبہ طب تھے۔ شعبہ فنون یا آرٹس الفنسٹن کالج میں جبکہ شعبہ طب گرانٹ میڈیکل کالج میں تھا۔ مذکورہ دونوں کالج یونیورسٹی کے قیام سے پہلے قائم ہو چکے تھے تاہم یونیورسٹی کے قیام کے بعد انھوں نے اسناد جاری کرنے کے اختیارات یونیورسٹی کو سونپ دیے۔ 1862ء میں یونیورسٹی نے پہلی اسناد جاری کیں۔
ابتدا میں ممبئی کا ٹاؤن ہال یونیورسٹی کے دفتر کے طور پر استعمال ہوتا تھا۔
سنہ 1904ء تک یونیورسٹی نے صرف امتحانات کروائے، کالجوں کے الحاق منظور کیے، نصاب تیار کیے اور نصاب تیار کرنے والے دوسرے کالجوں کو ہدایات جاری کیں۔ 1904ء سے تدریسی محکمے، تحقیقی شعبے اور پوسٹ گریجویٹ کورس شروع کیے گئے اور ساتھ ہی کچھ دوسرے شعبے بھی قائم ہوئے۔ سنہ 1947ء میں آزادی کے بعد یونیورسٹی کے کاموں اور اختیارات کو از سر نو بمبئی یونیورسٹی ایکٹ، 1953ء کے تحت مرتب کیا گیا۔ 1996ء میں یونیورسٹی کا نام بمبئی یونیورسٹی سے ممبئی یونیورسٹی کیا گیا۔
سنہ 1949ء میں طلبہ کی تعداد 42272 تھی اور 80 کالج ملحق تھے۔ 1975ء میں یہ تعداد بڑھ کر بالترتیب 156190 اور 114 ہو گئی۔
ممبئی میٹروپولیٹن علاقہ

ممبئی میٹروپولیٹن علاقہ (انگریزی: Mumbai Metropolitan Region) بھارت کا ایک geographical object جو ممبئی میں واقع ہے۔
ممبئی میٹروپولیٹن علاقہ کی مجموعی آبادی 20,998,395 افراد پر مشتمل ہے۔
نوی ممبئی

نوی ممبئی، جسے نئی ممبئی یا نئی بمبئی بھی کہا جاتا ہے، بھارتی ریاست مہاراشٹر کے مغربی ساحلوں پر واقع ایک شہر ہے۔ یہ شہر 1972ء میں ممبئی کے جڑواں شہر کے طور پر بنایا گیا اور یہ دنیا کا سب سے بڑا باقاعدہ منصوبہ بندی کے تحت بنایا گیا شہر ہے جو 163 مربع کلومیٹر (63 مربع میل) پر پھیلا ہوا ہے اور اس کا کل رقبہ 344 مربع کلومیٹر (133 مربع میل) ہے۔ یہ تھانے کھاڑی (تھانے کریک) کے مشرقی ساحلوں پر واقع ہے۔ واشی اور ایرولی کے پُل اسے ممبئی سے منسلک کرتے ہیں۔ نوی ممبئی کی آبادی 26 لاکھ ہے جس میں سے تقریبا 8 لاکھ نیرول اور 7 لاکھ وشی کے علاقوں میں آباد ہے۔
نوی ممبئی دراصل ممبئی کے شہری علاقے کا حصہ ہے اور شہر کے معاملات کو نوی ممبئی میونسپل کارپوریشن نامی ادارہ چلاتا ہے۔
ممبئی انڈینز

ممبئی انڈینز (انگریزی: Mumbai Indians) ممبئی، مہاراشٹر میں واقع کرکٹ کی ایک ٹیم ہے اور انڈین پریمیئر لیگ میں کھیلتی ہے۔ آئی پی ایل کے پہلے سال 2008ء سے ہی یہ ٹیم کھیل رہی ہے۔ اس کے مالک بھارت کا سب سے بڑا تجارتی نام ریلائنس انڈسٹریز ہے۔ ممبئی انڈینز کا گھریلو کرکٹ میدانوانکھیڈے اسٹیڈیم ہے۔ 2017ء میں یہ ممبئی انڈینز 100 ملین امریکی ڈالر مالیت کی کمپنی بننے والی پہلی آئی پی ایل ٹیم بنی۔
2011ء میں ممبئی انڈینز رائل چیلنجرز بنگلور کو ہراکر پہلی بار چیمپین لیگ کی فاتح بنی تھی۔ 2013ء میں چنائی سپر کنگز کو 23 رنوں شکست دے کر پہلی آئی پی ایل ٹرافی اپنے نام کی۔ اسی سال راجستھان رائلز کو 33 رنوں سے ہرا کر دوسری بار چینپین لیگ کی فاتح بھی بن گئی۔
فی الحال ممبئی انڈینز کے کپتان روہت شرما ہیں اور 2017ء سے مہیلا جے وردھنے اس ٹیم کے کوچ ہیں۔
List of songs about cities

Cities are a major topic for popular songs. Music journalist Nick Coleman said that apart from love, "pop is better on cities than anything else."
Popular music often treats cities positively, though sometimes they are portrayed as places of danger and temptation. In many cases, songs celebrate individual cities, presenting them as exciting and liberating. Not all genres share the tendency to be positive about cities; in Country music cities are often portrayed as unfriendly and dehumanizing, or seductive but full of sin. However, there are many exceptions, for example: Lady Antebellum's song "This City" and Danielle Bradbery's "Young in America".
Lyricist and author Sheila Davis writes that including a city in a song's title helps focus the song on the concrete and specific, which is both more appealing and more likely to lead to universal truth than abstract generalizations. Davis also says that songs with titles concerning cities and other specific places often have enduring popularity.
Memphis holds the distinction of being the most mentioned city in the world when it comes to commercially recorded songs. As of July 2013, this list has made it up to 1074 songs and counting. The list is maintained at the Memphis Rock and Soul Museum website. The ones listed below are some of the better-known songs:
Project delivery method

Project delivery methods defines the characteristics of how a construction project is designed and built and the responsibilities of the parties involved in the construction (owner, designer and contractor). They are used by a construction manager who is working as an agent to the owner or by the owner itself to carry-out a construction project while mitigating the risks to the scope of work, time, budget, quality and safety of the project. These risks ranges from cost overruns, time delays and conflict among the various parties.
Though DBB is now used for most private projects and the majority of public projects, it has not historically been the predominant delivery method of choice. The master builders of centuries past acted both as designers and constructors for both public and private clients. In the United States, Zane's Post Road in Ohio and the IRT in New York City were both originally developed under more integrated delivery methods, as were most infrastructure projects until 1933. Integrated Project Delivery offers a new delivery method to remove considerable waste from the construction process while improving quality and a return to more collaborative methods from the past. In an effort to assist industry professionals with the selection of appropriate project delivery systems, construction management researchers have prepared a Procurement Method and Contract Selection Model, which can be used for high level decision making for construction projects on a case-by-case basis.
Common project delivery methods include:
There are two key variables which account for the bulk of the variation between delivery methods:
When the various service providers are segmented, the owner has the most control, but this control is costly and does not give each provider an incentive to optimize its contribution for the next service. When there is tight integration amongst providers, each step of the delivery is undertaken with future activities in mind, resulting in cost savings, but limiting the owner's influence throughout the project.
The owner's direct financing of a project simply means that the owner directly pays the providers for their services. In the case of a facility with a consistent revenue stream, indirect financing becomes possible: rather than be paid by the owner, the providers are paid with the revenue collected from the facility's operation.
Indirect financing risks being mistaken for privatization. Though the providers do have a concession to operate and collect revenue from a facility that they built and financed, the structure itself remains the property of the owner (usually a government agency in the case of public infrastructure).
Seacoast Region (New Hampshire)

The Seacoast Region is the southeast area of the U.S. state of New Hampshire that is centered around the city of Portsmouth. It includes the eastern portion of Rockingham County and the southern portion of Strafford County. At its narrowest definition, the region stretches 13 miles (21 km) along the Atlantic Ocean from New Hampshire's border with Salisbury, Massachusetts, to the Piscataqua River and New Hampshire's border with Kittery, Maine. The shoreline alternates between rocky and rough headlands and areas with sandy beaches. Some of the beaches are bordered by jetties or groins, particularly in the towns of Rye and Hampton. Most definitions of the Seacoast Region includes some inland towns as well, including the Great Bay area cities of Dover and Rochester, the college town of Durham, and areas as far west as Epping. Some definitions also include nearby portions of York County, Maine that are culturally aligned with the Portsmouth area rather than the Portland, Maine metropolitan area.
The city of Portsmouth is the cultural and commercial hub of the region, with numerous historical landmarks and other attractions including Strawbery Banke, the Moffatt-Ladd House, and the John Paul Jones House. Dover in Strafford County is the largest city in the region by population and is the oldest permanent settlement in New Hampshire. Dover is home to the Children's Museum of New Hampshire and the renowned Woodman Institute Museum. The Seacoast Region was the first area of the state to be permanently settled by Europeans in the early 17th century.
Straddling the maritime border New Hampshire shares with Maine are the Isles of Shoals - White, Seavey, Lunging, and Star Islands. From Portsmouth, they are a short ferry ride out into the Gulf of Maine.
New Hampshire Route 1A runs along the ocean shore, while U.S. Route 1 runs in a parallel direction slightly farther inland. During the high tourist season, these highways are crowded with day tourists and seasonal renters. Slightly farther inland, Interstate 95 (the Blue Star Turnpike) carries most of the through traffic between Maine and Massachusetts, while NH Route 101 carries New Hampshire's east–west traffic between the Seacoast Region and the inland portions of the state. The Spaulding Turnpike (NH 16) originates in Portsmouth and travels north through Dover and Rochester, connecting the Seacoast with New Hampshire's Lakes Region and White Mountains Region.
Amtrak's Downeaster stops in three Seacoast communities - Dover, Durham–UNH, and Exeter- with service to Boston's North Station and Portland, and points north. The Downeaster also stops in nearby Wells, Maine.
The Pease International Tradeport includes a shipping port (the Port of New Hampshire) and the Portsmouth International Airport at Pease, which provides cargo and passenger service.
42°58′0″N 70°49′0″W﻿ / ﻿42.96667°N 70.81667°W﻿ / 42.96667; -70.81667
Amafunguro nyarwanda

Amafunguro Nyarwanda ni amafunguro cyangwa se indyo zitandukanye ndetse nibyo kunnywa ariko ziri Kinyarwanda .
Amafunguro Nyarwanda n'ibimye mu bikorwaa bigaragaza umuco n’amateka y’u Rwanda birimo imbyino, imyambaro n’amafunguro agaragaza umwihariko wa Kinyarwanda ndetse n'uruhare mu gusigasira no guteza imbere umurage nyarwanda . Amafunguro twavuga nka ibirayi, imyumbati, ibijumba , amateke ibishyimbo, ubugari n'ibindi.
URUGERERO M'U RWANDA RWO HAMBERE

I Munyaga mu Nkambi ahahoze urugerero rw'Abakemba
Inteko y'umuco yafashe icyemezo cyo kuhashyira mu hantu ndangamateka kubera amateka habumbatiye mu Rwanda rwo hambere.
Munyaga ni umusozi uri ku nkengero z'aho u Rwanda rwagabaniraga na Gisaka mbere y'uko rwigarurira icyo gihugu mu kinyejana cya 19 ku ngoma ya Mutara II Rwogera. Ingabo zabaga ziri ku rugerero zirinze inkiko z' u Rwanda zabaga mu mpinga y'uwo musozi, zituye mu itaba rihari.
Cyirima II Rujugira yimye ingoma u Rwanda rugiye kujya mu kaga kuko kuva ku ngoma ya Yuhi III Mazimpaka bimwe mu bihugu byari bituranye na rwo bitaruciraga akari urutega ndetse byaranogeje umugambi wo kurwigarurira. Ibyo bihugu byari Gisaka mu burasirazuba, Ndorwa mu majyaruguru, Burundi na Bugesera mu majyepfo.
Kugira ngo akome uwo mugambi mu nkokora kandi arinde ubusugire bw' u Rwanda hatagira ubuvogera, Rujugira yahereye ko aca iteke ritegeka imitwe y'ingabo kujya ku rugerero ikarinda inkiko z'Igihugu ku buryo buhoraho. Nguko uko urugerero rwatangiye! Ni muri icyo gihe kandi uwo mwami yavuze ngo: "U Rwanda ruratera ntiruterwa".
Ku ikubitiro, Rujugiro yohereje Abakemba ku rugerero bayobowe n'umuhungu we Sharangabo kugira ngo bakumire Kimenyi IV Getura n' Imbogo ze bababuze gutera u Rwanda. Ibirindiro by'izo ngabo zabishinze mu mpinga ya Munyaga aho zari zitegeye Gisaka neza. Kuva ubwo uwo musozi watangiye kumenyekana mu mateka y'u Rwanda, Abakemba bahatura burundu hamwe n'imiryango yabo.
Nyuma ya Sharangabo, Ndabarasa na we akiri igikomangoma yabaye kuri urwo rugerero rw'i Munyaga ari kumwe n'Abakemba. Bamwe mu buzukuruza b'Abakemba baracyatuye i Muyanga kandi na bo biyita abakemba nubwo uwo mutwe w'ingabo utakibaho kuko wasenyutse mu gihe cy'ubukoroni bw'Ababirigi hamwe n'indi mitwe y'ingabo yahoze mu Rwanda.
Mu mpinga y'uwo musozi ari na ho ngo haboze urugerero, hitwa mu Nkamba kuva icyo gihe kugeza magingo aya! Ubu ni mu Mudugudu wa Kigabiro, Akagari ka Kaduha, Umurenge wa Munyaga, Akarere ka Rwamagana. Hari itaba rifite ubugari buri hagati ya hegitari 10 na 15, ririmo umunara muremure ukoreshwa mu itumanaho, isoko n'ikigega kinini cy'amazi akoreshwa n'abatuye kuri uwo musozi ndetse no mu nkengero zawo.
Uhahagaze aba yitegeye i Kabarondo n'utundi dusozi twinshi dukikije i Munyaga turimo akitwa Nkamba, Ruramira, Bugambira, Ruyonza, na Nyamirama.
Ikiyaga cya Cohoha

Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha y'Amajyepfo cyangwa Cyohoha Sud nkuko bizwi mu Rwanda cyangwa ikiyaga cya Cohoha nkuko bizwi mu Rwanda cyangwa Ikiyaga cya Cohoha mu Burundi ni ikiyaga gito muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. Irahuza umupaka uhuza u Burundi n'u Rwanda. Mu Rwanda, izwi nka Cyohoha y'Amajyepfo kuyitandukanya na Cyohoha y'Amajyaruguru hafi y'ibirometero 10 Amajyaruguru ugana mu Rwanda. Mu Burundi, izwi gusa nka Cohoha. Nikiyaga kigufi ariko kirekire cyane gifite amashami menshi. Ifite uburebure bwa kilometero 32 (20 mi), kandi ifite impuzandengo ya km 1 (1 mi) mubugari (ubugari ntarengwa ni 2 km (1 mi)). Igizwe ahanini n’umupaka uhuza u Rwanda n’Uburundi, ariko, igice cyacyo cyo mu majyepfo kigera no mu Burundi. Ikiyaga gifite kilometero 74 (30 sq mi), muri zo 19 km2 (10 sq mi) ziri mu Rwanda naho 55 km2 (20 sq mi) ni iz'Uburundi.
Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha y'Amajyepfo nkuko mubyara we Cyohoha Amajyaruguru asohoka mu ruzi rwa Akanyaru akoresheje urukurikirane rw'ibishanga bihuza ibyo biyaga n'umugezi.
Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha ni kilometero 10 Iburengerazuba bw'ikiyaga kinini cya Rweru, ikiyaga cya kabiri ku mupaka w'u Rwanda - u Burundi .
Amatafari ya rukarakara

Amatafari ya rukarakara akoreshwa no mu mujyi wa kigali.
Amatafari ya rukarakara cyangwa rukarakara ni itafari ribumbwe hakoreshejwe itaka n'amazi, rikumishwa n'izuba bityo rikaba ryakoresha ritanyuze mu ifuru y'umuriro, Rukarakara ushobora gushyiramo ibyatsi bitewe n'ubutaka cyangwa imiterere yaho rikorewe.
Amatafari ya rukarakara akoreshwa hose mu gihugu cyu Rwanda, mu mijyi ndetse n'umujyi wa Kigali haba no mucyaro.
Amatafari ya rukarakara yubakwa muburyo bwinshi nka butatu haba butisi: ni ukubaka rukaraka ugaragaza ubugari mu mbavu z'urukuta, panderesi ni ukubaka rukaraka ugaragaza uburebure mu mbavu z'urukuta cyangwa broke.
Ikiyaga Cya Cyohoha

Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha giherereye mu karere ka Bugesera mu Burasirazuba bw'uRwanda.
Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha ni ikiyaga gito muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. Irahuza umupaka uhuza u Burundi n'u Rwanda. Mu Rwanda, izwi nka Cyohoha y'Amajyepfo kuyitandukanya na Cyohoha y'Amajyaruguru hafi y'ibirometero 10 Amajyaruguru ugana mu Rwanda. Mu Burundi, izwi nka Cohoha. Nikiyaga kigufi ariko kirekire cyane gifite amashami menshi. Ifite uburebure bwa kilometero 32 (20 mi), kandi ifite impuzandengo ya km 1 (1 mi) mubugari (ubugari ntarengwa ni 2 km (1 mi)). Igizwe ahanini n’umupaka uhuza u Rwanda n’Uburundi, ariko, igice cyacyo cyo mu majyepfo kigera no mu Burundi. Ikiyaga gifite kilometero 74 (30 sq mi), muri zo 19 km2 (10 sq mi) ziri mu Rwanda naho 55 km2 (20 sq mi) ni iz'Uburundi.
Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha y'Amajyepfo nkuko mubyara we Cyohoha y'Amajyaruguru asohoka mu ruzi rwa Akanyaru akoresheje urukurikirane rw'ibishanga bihuza ibyo biyaga n'umugezi. [1]
Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha ni kilometero 10 Iburengerazuba bw'ikiyaga kinini cya Rweru, ikiyaga cya kabiri ku mupaka w'u Rwanda - u Burundi.
Umuhanda wa Gariyamoshi

Umuhanda wa gari ya moshi wu Rwanda ni gahunda ya gari ya moshi, irimo gutezwa imbere, ihuza igihugu n'ibihugu bituranye nka Tanzaniya na Uganda . Biteganijwe ko ubwo buryo buzahuzwa, mu gihe kiri imbere, n’abandi baturanyi b’u Rwanda, u Burundi na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, mu rwego rwo gutegura neza igishushanyo mbonera cya gari ya moshi yo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba . Binyuze muri Uganda, SGR izemerera kugera ku cyambu cya Mombasa cya Kenya, u Rwanda rwinjira mu nyanja. Kubera ko nta muyoboro wa gari ya moshi wari usanzweho, u Rwanda rutezimbere gahunda ya gari ya moshi kuva kera.
Sisitemu ya gari ya moshi izaba igizwe n'ibice byinshi by'ingenzi:
Iki gice, gipima kilometero 150, ni igice cya gari ya moshi Isaka - Kigali Standard Gauge, gari ya moshi ihuriweho na guverinoma y'u Rwanda na Tanzaniya. Biteganijwe ko kubaka bizatangira mu Kwakira 2018, [ bikeneye kuvugururwa ] igice cya Rusumo - Kigali giteganijwe gutwara miliyoni 847 z'amadolari .
SGR imaze kugera i Kigali, biteganijwe ko guverinoma y'u Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo izakora uburyo bwo kwagura iyi gari ya moshi kugera ku butaka bwa DR Congo. Igice kuva Kigali kugera Rubavu ni kilometero 150 . Muri Kamena 2019, guverinoma ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo yerekanye ubushake bwo kugira uruhare mu nyigo ishoboka SGR igera i Rubavu na Goma .
Iki gice, gipima kilometero 60, kuva i Masaka, mu mujyi wa Kigali, unyuze ku Kibuga cy'Indege Mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera kugera i Nemba, ku mupaka mpuzamahanga n'Uburundi, ntikirahabwa umushoramari, guhera muri Nzeri 2018. Guverinoma y'u Rwanda yiyemeje kugeza SGR ku Kibuga cy'Indege Mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, ku ngengo y’imari ingana na miliyoni 85 z'amadolari.
Iyo gari ya moshi ya Uganda Standard Gauge yubatswe, SGR yo muri Uganda iteganijwe guhuza u Rwanda SGR kuri Mirama Hills / Kagitumba . Kuva aho, umurongo wanyuraga Nyagatare, Gatsibo, Gicumbi, Rwamagana, Gasabo ukarangirira i Masaka kubera imizigo na Ndera kubagenzi. Iki gice gipima hafi 170 kilometres (106 mi) .
Iyi milimetero 1435 umurongo wa gari ya moshi ugamije koroshya koherezana hagati y’ibyambu bya Dar es Salaam na Mombasa, i Kigali mu Rwanda hanyuma i Bujumbura mu Burundi, na Goma, muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo . Mu rwego rwo guhuza abaturanyi bayo Uganda na Tanzaniya, u Rwanda ruzakoresha amashanyarazi mu guha ingufu za lokomoteri. Ibi bizafasha umuvuduko wa gari ya moshi zitwara abagenzi kwiyongera kugera kuri 160 kilometres (99 mi) ku isaha hamwe na moteri yimizigo kugera kuri kilometero 120 ku isaha. Mu Kwakira 2018, ikinyamakuru cya East African cyatangaje ko kubaka bizatangira mu Kuboza 2018.
Umuhora wo mu majyaruguru y'afurika

Umuhanda wa ruguru ( Northern Corridor )ni inzira ihuze kandi ikomeye y'ogutwara abantu n'ibinyu mu bihugu byo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba no Hagati nko mu Burundi, Uburasirazuba bwa DR Congo, Kenya, u Rwanda, Sudani y'Amajyepfo na Uganda.
Umuyoboro munini wo gutwara abantu mu majyaruguru uhuza icyambu cya Mombasa kandi harimo n' umuhanda wa gari ya moshi za Kenya Railways Corporation na Uganda Railways Corporation ; ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi; inzira y'amazi yo mu gihugu imbere; kontineri isanzwe ifatwa nkaho ari ICD ( Inland Container Depots ); Icyambu cya Tororo Imbere - amasezerano yahawe na Great Lakes Ports Limited yo muri Kenya mu gihe abatavuga rumwe n’ibigo bitwara ibicuruzwa n’abatwara amakamyo; bongeyeho umuyoboro wa peteroli.
Ubundi buryo bwo gutwara abantu bukorera mu karere k'ibiyaga bigari bidafite inkombe binyuze muri Tanzaniya, bwitwa Umuhanda wo hagati uhuza Dar es Salaam . Ibi bifashisha umurongo wo hagati wa Tanzaniya.
Amasaka meza

Amasaka ni bimwemubihigwa byingirakama mu Rwanda,nigihigwakidufashamubuzimabwacu bwaburimunsi.
Tugikoresha murwegorwibyokurya,mugufata ibyo kuryabyamugitondo nkigikoma,mubyokurya byasasitankubu
gari.
Akamaro kamasa nigihigwa gikoreshwamumuconyarwa nkokwengainzogaharimo urwagwa,ikigage,ubuishera.
Na none amasaka akoreshwa mubyokuryabyamugitondonkigikoma,na none amasakayadufashankomumirireyi
nyamanswa urugero:Inyoni,inkoko,imbata,inumazirya ifuyamasa.Amasaka wayajyanakwiso ukayagurisha aka
Amandazi

Amandazi mubuzimabwacu afitevitamini turanayacuruzamubuzimabusanzwe adufitiyeakamaro turayacuruzaakaduha amafaranga afiteamokomenshi twavuga sipesiyar, zingaro, ibidufun' ibindi...
amandaziadufitiye akamaro kenshim' ubuzima bwacuturayacuruzaakaduha amafarangamenshitukiteza imberemubuzimabwaburimunsi tubigireibyacu kukobidufitiyeakamaro amandaziadufitioyeakamarokenshi
kuvauyumunsikugezaibihebyose duharanirekumenyabyinshi mubuzimabwacubwaburimunsikukobidufitiyeakamarokenshi
cyane.
nibyagacirokenshi kubimenyeshaburimunntuwese tubigireibyacu kukoaribyagacirokenshicyane nibyagacirokenshicyane.