Kanzashi

Kanzashi (簪) bụ ihe ịchọ mma ntutu isi nke a na-eji na edozi isi nke ndị Japan. Okwu kanzashi na-ezo aka n'ụdị ngwa dị iche iche, gụnyere ogologo ntutu isi siri ike, barrettes, ifuru akwa na njikọ ntutu isi.
N'ụwa ndị na-asụ Bekee, a na-ejikarị okwu kanzashi na-ezo aka n'ihe ịchọ mma ntutu isi nke e ji akwa akwa apịaji emepụta okooko osisi (tsumami kanzashi), ma ọ bụ usoro mpịachi eji eme ifuru.
A na-eji Kanzashi mee ihe na mbụ na Japan n'oge oge Jōmon. N'oge ahụ, a na-ewere iyi otu mkpara ma ọ bụ mkpanaka dị mkpa ka ọ na-enwe ike ịchụpụ ndị mmụọ ọjọọ, ebe ndị mmadụ na-eyi ha na ntutu isi maka ihe nchebe. Oge Jōmon hụkwara iwebata ntutu isi.
N'oge Nara, e webatara akụkụ dịgasị iche iche nke ọdịbendị China na ihe dị iche iche na Japan site na azụmahịa na ndị nnọchi anya. Ihe ndị e si China weghachite gụnyere ntutu isi ndị China (zan, ː; e ji otu mkpụrụedemede ndị China dị ka kanzashi dee), n'etiti ihe ịchọ mma ntutu ndị ọzọ dị ka combs ndị China.
N'oge Heian, ụdị ntutu isi gbanwere site na iyi ruo na iyi ogologo, ma kee ya azụ n'ụzọ dị ala. N'oge a, a malitere iji okwu kanzashi mee ihe dị ka okwu n'ozuzu maka ihe ịchọ mma ntutu ọ bụla, gụnyere combs na hairpins.
N'oge Azuchi-Momoyama, ụdị ntutu gbanwere site na taregami (垂 Hair, "ntutu na-anọdụ ala") style, gaa na ụdị dịgasị iche iche na-eyi - ndị bu ụzọ nke ụdị nihongami nke oge a, nke na-ejikarị ihe ịchọ mma eme ihe.
Kanzashi came into wider use during the Edo period, when hairstyles became larger and more complicated, using a larger number of ornaments. Artisans began to produce more finely crafted products, including some hair ornaments that could be used as defensive weapons. During the latter part of the Edo period, the craftsmanship of kanzashi is considered to have reached a high point, with a number of styles and designs created, many of which persist to the modern day.
N'oge a, a naghị eyi ụdị ntutu isi ọdịnala ndị Japan, ọ bụ naanị ndị geisha, maiko, ndị na-agba mgba sumo, ndị na'alụ nwanyị ọhụrụ, ndị tayū na ndị na-eme ihe ngosi nke oge a, na geisha, ndị na -alụ nwanyị ọhụrụ.
N'ihi nke a, mmadụ ole na ole na-eyi kanzashi na ụdị ntutu isi ọdịnala. Otú ọ dị, kanzashi nwere ike ịbụ, ma ka na-eyi, na ntutu isi kwa ụbọchị dị ka ihe eji achọ ntutu isi dị mfe; enwere ọtụtụ ụdị na ụdị nke iyi kanzashi, yana ụdị nke oge a na-eyi dị ka ihe ntutu isi a na-ahụkarị na nke a ma ama. N'afọ 1982, a họpụtara tsumami kanzashi dị ka ọrụ aka ọdịnala ndị Japan na mpaghara Tokyo.
Ndị ọkachamara kanzashi na-enwekarị ọzụzụ ọdịnala afọ ise ruo afọ iri iji mụta ọrụ ahụ. N'otu aka ahụ na combs eji mepụta ụdị ntutu nihongami, ọ bụ naanị ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke ndị ọrụ aka kanzashi a zụrụ azụ ka a hapụrụ na-azụ ahịa n'ime Japan; site na 2002 ruo 2010, ọnụ ọgụgụ ha na mba ahụ belatara site na 15 ruo ise.
Otú ọ dị, usoro tsumami kanzashi nke akwa akwa kanzashi a fụchiri afụchi aghọwo ọrụ aka a ma ama n'etiti ndị na-eme ihe ntụrụndụ, yana ọtụtụ akwụkwọ, ihe na nkuzi dị na isiokwu ahụ, site na isi mmalite dị ka Tsumami Kanzashi Museum na Shinjuku. Ụfọdụ ndị na-eme ihe ntụrụndụ agafeela usoro mmụta ọdịnala iji guzobe onwe ha dị ka ndị omenkà onwe ha nke tsumami kanzashi na Japan.
Kanzashi are fabricated from a wide range of materials, such as lacquered wood, gold and silver plated metal, tortoiseshell, silk, and recently, plastic. Early plastic kanzashi made out of materials such as bakelite are considered to be highly valued as collectables.
E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị kanzashi dị mkpa, na-eyi nke ọ bụla na omenala na-agbaso usoro oge; Otú ọ dị, n'oge a, ọ bụ naanị ndị geisha, ndị na-amụ ha, tayū, ndị na'egwuregwu oiran na ejiji maka egwuregwu kabuki na-ahụ maka iji kanzashi oge. Ojiji nke kanzashi iji gosipụta afọ na ọnọdụ nke ọma bụ omenala nke naanị geisha na maiko.
Maka maiko, ogo, ọdịdị, ụdị dị iche iche na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke kanzashi nwere ike igosi ogo na ọkwa mmụta, nke a na-eji na ọtụtụ ụdị ntutu isi dị iche iche n'oge mmụta. Ọ bụ ezie na geisha na-eyi kanzashi oge, nke a na-ejikarị mgbanwe na agba nke tama kanzashi.
N'agbanyeghị oge na (n'ihe atụ nke bridalwear) mgbanwe oge ụfọdụ, ọtụtụ kanzashi ndị a na-adịghị ele anya dị ka tsumami kanzashi na-adaba n'otu n'ime ọtụtụ ọdịdị na ọdịdị.
Ọtụtụ ụdị ndị ọzọ nke kanzashi dịkwa, ọ bụ ezie na a na-eyi ha naanị maka ụdị ntutu isi a na-adịghị ahụkebe, dịka maiko na mpaghara geisha ụfọdụ ma ọ bụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri kabuki ụfọdụ.
Tsumami kanzashi – literally meaning "pinched kanzashi" – are traditional kanzashi made of squares of dyed or printed silk, folded into a number of shapes to represent flowers, plants and animals.
A na-agbakọta square ọ bụla ọtụtụ ugboro site n'enyemaka nke tweezers ma na-agbanye ya na ntọala site na iji eriri osikapa. Akụkụ tsumami kanzashi a rụchara arụcha nwere ike ịnwe ihe ọ bụla site na ise ruo 75 square nke silk ma ọ bụ karịa. Ebumnuche nke Tsumami kanzashi bụ ịnọchite anya osisi ma ọ bụ anụmanụ ha na-ese onyinyo; a maara tsumami kanza na-ese okooko osisi dị ka hana kanzashi (nke pụtara "flow kanzashi").
Hana kanzashi are usually made from a cluster of tsumami kanzashi flowers, and may include bira-bira-style strips of metal or long streamers of petals dangling from the main kanzashi piece. Maiko are well-known for wearing hana kanzashi that are typically larger than average.
N'ozuzu, a na-eyi hana kanzashi abụọ abụọ, otu n'akụkụ ọ bụla nke isi, mgbe mgbe na kushi na-agbakwunye. A na-agbakọta okooko osisi ndị ahụ na mgbidi ígwè ma ọ bụ katọn nke a na-agbanye na waya ma na-agwakọta ọnụ iji mee ụyọkọ na nhazi ndị ọzọ. A na-emepụta nkọwa ndị ọzọ nke stamens site na iji mizuhiki, eriri siri ike, nke dị nro nke e ji akwụkwọ washi mee, nke a na-ejikarị agba ma jiri ya mee ihe ịchọ mma.
Geisha, na karịsịa maiko, na-eyi hana kanzashi dị iche iche maka ọnwa ọ bụla n'afọ.
Hana kanzashi are highly seasonal, though typically the only people in Japan who follow the seasons closely enough to register seasonal changes are geisha and their apprentices. Since maiko wear more elaborate kanzashi than their senior geisha, seasonal changes are even more important for them.