Aquaponics

Aquaponics is a food production system that couples aquaculture (raising aquatic animals such as fish, crayfish, snails or prawns in tanks) with hydroponics (cultivating plants in water) whereby the nutrient-rich aquaculture water is fed to hydroponically grown plants.
As existing hydroponic and aquaculture farming techniques form the basis of all aquaponic systems, the size, complexity, and types of foods grown in an aquaponic system can vary as much as any system found in either distinct farming discipline.
Azụ, osisi na ụmụ ahụhụ bụ isi ihe atọ dị na aquaponics, ụmụ ahụhụ na-arụkwa ọrụ nke ịgbanwe ihe mkpofu azụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-edozi ahụ. Ụdị atọ dị mkpa nke ụdị aquaponic nke oge a bụ mmiri miri emi ma ọ bụ "raft", teknụzụ ihe nkiri na-edozi ahụ "NFT", na akwa mgbasa ozi ma ọ bụ usoro nzaghachi.
The media-based grow bed is a hydroponic trough filled with inert substrate serving as root support and microbial substrate. The water is commonly supplied in an ebb and flow pattern, ensuring sequential nutrition and aeration.
Usoro DWC nwere nnukwu olulu mmiri nwere oghere na-ese n'elu mmiri, ebe a na-etinye ite osisi. N'ime usoro DWC, a na-ejikarị mgbasa ozi jupụta ite osisi ndị a, dị ka nkume, akị bekee ma ọ bụ pumice nke na-akwado mgbọrọgwụ, nke a na-etinye mgbe niile na tankị mmiri.
The Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) nwere ọwa dị warara nke ọkpọkọ nwere oghere ebe a na-etinye mgbọrọgwụ n'ime mmiri na-asọ asọ.
Integrated Aqua-Vegeculture System (iAVs) bụ usoro ọzọ nke na-eji ájá dị ka isi ihe maka nzacha igwe, biofiltration, na uto ihe ọkụkụ.
Aquaponics nwere mgbọrọgwụ oge ochie, ọ bụ ezie na enwere arụmụka banyere mmalite ya.
Aquaponics has been said to have evolved from relatively ancient agriculture practices associated with integrating fish culture with plant production, especially those developed within the South East Asian, flooded rice paddy farming context and South American Chinampa, floating island, agriculture practices (Komives and Junge 2015). In reality, historically, fish were rarely actively added to rice paddy fields until the nineteenth century (Halwart and Gupta 2004) and were present in very low densities which would not contribute to any substantial nutritive assistance to the plants. Chinampas were traditionally built on lakes in Mexico where nutrient advantages may have been supplied via the eutrophic or semi-eutrophic lake sediments rather than directly from any designed or actively integrated fish production system (Morehart 2016; Baquedano 1993).
A rụnyere usoro aquaponics na-ese n'elu mmiri n'ọdọ mmiri azụ polycultural na China n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya n'ọtụtụ. A na-eji ha akụ osikapa, ọka wit na canna lily na ihe ọkụkụ ndị ọzọ, na ụfọdụ ntinye karịrị 2.5 acres (10,000 m2.
A na-eji usoro agwakọta nke aquaculture na ọrụ ugbo ebe a na-akụ azụ na ubi osikapa na mpaghara North Kerian nke Perak na Peninsular Malaysia kemgbe afọ 1930. A na-akọkwa ọtụtụ usoro osikapa nwere ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme na Indonesia.
N'afọ 1977, onye ọkà mmụta sayensị Germany bụ Ludwig C.A. Naegel nyere aka n'ọhịa aquaponics site na mbipụta ya 'Combined Production of Fish and Plants in Recirculating Water'. Ọrụ ahụ gosipụtara nnwale na co-cultivation nke tilapia na tomato, na-egosi ịdị irè nke usoro recirculating nke na-akwado ma azụ na mmepụta osisi. Nnyocha a so na mbọ ndị nchọpụta zuru ụwa ọnụ na-eme iji mepụta usoro aquaponics nke oge a.
Balarin na Haller mere nnyocha banyere usoro okpomọkụ nke usoro aquaponic, na-enyocha mmetụta nke okpomọkụ mmiri dịgasị iche na ọnụego uto nke azụ na osisi.
Na mmepe nke usoro biofiltration n'ime aquaponics, Muir, Paller, na Lewis webatara reciprocating biofilters (RBFs). Biofilters ndị a mere ka arụmọrụ nke ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ site na osisi ma belata nchịkọta nke metabolites na-emerụ ahụ na mmiri .
Watten na Busch nyere aka na nghọta nke ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ na usoro aquaponic. Nnyocha ha banyere njikọta nke osisi vascular n'ime usoro aquaculture (RAS) gosipụtara otu osisi nwere ike isi wepụta ihe oriri karịrị akarị na mmiri.
Tupu ọganihu teknụzụ nke afọ 1980, ọtụtụ mgbalị iji jikọta hydroponics na aquaculture enwechaghị ihe ịga nke ọma. Ọtụtụ n'ime mmepe nke oge a na nchọpụta nke aquaponics na-abụkarị nke New Alchemy Institute na North Carolina State University.
N'afọ 1969, John na Nancy Todd na William McLarney guzobere New Alchemy Institute ma wuo ihe yiri usoro aquaponic nke Aztec (nke nwere mgbanwe ụfọdụ) iji nye ebe obibi, akwụkwọ nri, na azụ n'afọ niile. N'afọ 1984, Ronald Zweig nke New Alchemy Institute mepụtara usoro ọ kpọrọ 'ọdọ mmiri aquaculture hydroponic', nke a na-akpọkwa 'ọdọ mmiri anyanwụ hydroponic.' Usoro a jikọtara akụkụ hydroponic na-ese n'elu mmiri n'ime ọdọ mmiri anyanwụ dị ugbu a nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ usoro ụgbọ mmiri ndị a na-ese na-ese mmiri bụ ntọala maka ihe mechara mara dị ka ọdịbendị mmiri miri emi.
Mark McMurtry na ndị ọzọ na Mahadum Steeti North Carolina chepụtara Integrated Aqua-Vegeculture System (iAVs). Usoro a, nke na-ejikọta aquaculture na ájá na-eto eto, na-anọchite anya otu n'ime ihe ndị mbụ nke usoro aquaponic mechiri emechi.
N'afọ 1979, James Rakocy na ndị ọrụ ibe ya na Mahadum nke Virgin Islands malitere ịnwale ihe ndina mgbasa ozi na aquaponics. Na mbido, usoro ahụ na-eji akwa gravel maka uto osisi, n'akụkụ tankị na-edozi ihe iji chịkọta nnukwu ihe mkpofu, na tankị dị iche maka ebe obibi azụ. N'afọ 1986, ha malitere ịnwale ojiji nke ụgbọ mmiri na-ese n'elu mmiri nke e ji polystyrene rụọ. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1997, nchọpụta Rakocy emeela ka a nabata ọdịbendị Mmiri miri emi (DWC) hydroponic na-eto eto na nnukwu usoro aquaponic.
Ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ lekwasịrị anya na nyocha ha na usoro a maara dị ka "ebb na-asọ," ma ọ bụ "mmiri na mmiri". Usoro ndị a na-eji mgbasa ozi siri ike dị ka gravel ma ọ bụ ụrọ gbasaa, yana mgbịrịgba na-eme ka usoro ịgba mmiri dị mfe A na-akpọ usoro ndị a mgbe ụfọdụ "Speraneo Systems," dịka a na-akpọ ha aha Tom na Paula Speraneo, bụ ndị mepụtara ma ree akwụkwọ ntuziaka na 1990s dabere na usoro ndị e mepụtara site na echiche mbụ nke McMurtry na North Carolina State University na otu nyocha iAVs guzobere.
Nnyocha aquaponics mbụ na Canada bụ obere usoro agbakwunyere na nyocha aquaculture dị na ụlọ ọrụ nyocha na Lethbridge, Alberta. Canada hụrụ ịrị elu nke usoro aquaponics n'ime '90s, karịsịa dị ka ụlọ ọrụ azụmahịa na-azụlite ihe ọkụkụ bara uru dị ka trout na lettuce. E wuru ntọala dabere na usoro mmiri miri emi mepụtara na Mahadum nke Virgin Islands n'ụlọ okpomọkụ na Brooks, Alberta ebe Dr. Nick Savidov na ndị ọrụ ibe ya nyochara aquaponics site na nzụlite nke sayensị osisi. Ndị otu ahụ mere nchọpụta banyere uto mgbọrọgwụ ngwa ngwa na usoro aquaponics na imechi loop siri ike ma chọpụta na, n'ihi uru ụfọdụ na usoro ahụ karịa aquaculture ọdịnala, usoro ahụ nwere ike ịgba ọsọ nke ọma na ọkwa pH dị ala, nke osisi na-enwe mmasị ma ọ bụghị azụ.
Okwu ahụ, "aquaponics," malitere ịpụta na utu aha maka akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ na ngwụcha afọ 1990. Tupu nke a, a na-akpọ aquaponics na 1970s na 1980s site na aha ndị dị ka "hydroponic aquaculture pond," "hydroponian solar pond," ""integrated agriculture," "integrated aquacultura," "integrated fish culture hydroponic vegetable production system," na "Integrated Aqua-Vegiculture System (IAVS).
Aquaponics nwere akụkụ abụọ dị mkpa, na akụkụ aquaculture maka ịzụlite anụmanụ mmiri na akụkụ hydroponics maka ịzụlite osisi. Mmiri na-esi n'ime mmiri, nke sitere na nri a na-erighị eri ma ọ bụ ịzụlite anụmanụ dị ka azụ, na-agbakọta na mmiri n'ihi usoro mechiri emechi nke ọtụtụ usoro aquaculture. Mmiri jupụtara na nsị na-aghọ ihe na-egbu egbu nye anụmanụ mmiri n'ọtụtụ mana nke a nwere ihe na-edozi ahụ dị mkpa maka uto osisi. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-agụnye akụkụ abụọ a, a na-ejikarị usoro aquaponics n'ime ọtụtụ ihe ma ọ bụ subsystems na-ahụ maka iwepụ ihe mkpofu siri ike, maka ịgbakwunye ntọala iji gbochie acid, ma ọ bụ maka idebe ikuku oxygenation. Ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere:
Dabere na mgbagwoju anya na ọnụahịa nke usoro aquaponics, enwere ike ijikọta nkeji maka iwepụ ihe siri ike, biofiltration, na / ma ọ bụ subsystem hydroponics n'ime otu unit ma ọ bụ subsystem, nke na-egbochi mmiri ịpụ kpọmkwem site na akụkụ aquaculture nke usoro ahụ gaa na akụkụ hydroponics. Site n'iji gravel ma ọ bụ ájá dị ka ihe na-akwado osisi, a na-ejide ihe siri ike ma ihe na-ejikọta ya nwere ebe zuru ezu maka nitrification na-adịgide adịgide. Ikike ijikọta biofiltration na hydroponics na-enye ohere maka usoro aquaponic, n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, iji wepụ mkpa maka biofilter dị oke ọnụ, dị iche.
Ọtụtụ osisi dabara adaba maka usoro aquaponic, ọ bụ ezie na nke na-arụ ọrụ maka otu usoro dabere na ntozu okè na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke azụ. Ihe ndị a na-emetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihe na-edozi ahụ site na nsị azụ na ole ihe ndị ahụ na-edochi ahụ na-enweta na mgbọrọgwụ osisi site na nje bacteria.
akwụkwọ nri na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke nwere ihe oriri dị ala na nke dị n'etiti na-eme nke ọma na usoro aquaponic, gụnyere Chinese cabbage, lettuce, basil, spinach, chives, herbs, na watercress.
Osisi ndị ọzọ, dị ka tomato, cucumbers, na ose, nwere ihe oriri dị elu ma ga-eme nke ọma naanị na usoro aquaponic tozuru etozu nwere nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ azụ.
Osisi ndị a na-ahụkarị na salad nwere ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ịga nke ọma kachasị na aquaponics, gụnyere cucumbers, chalots, tomato, lettuce, capsicum, red salad onions na snow peas.
Ụfọdụ osisi ndị bara uru maka usoro aquaponic gụnyere Chinese cabbage, lettuce, basil, roses, tomato, okra, Cantaaloupe na bell peppers.
Ụdị akwụkwọ nri na / ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ osisi ndị ọzọ na-eto nke ọma na usoro aquaponic gụnyere watercress, basil, Coriander, parsley, lemongrass, sage, beans, peas, kohlrabi, taro, Pomegranate, radishes, strawberries, melons, onions, turnips, parsnips, sweet poteto, cauliflower, cabbage, broccoli, na eggplant yana choys a na-eji eme ihe.
Azụ mmiri dị ọcha bụ anụmanụ mmiri kachasị ewu ewu nke a zụlitere site na iji aquaponics n'ihi ikike ha nwere ịnagide mkpakọ. A na-ejikwa crayfish na prawns mee ihe mgbe ụfọdụ, ka ha na-ewepụta nsị na-edozi ahụ. E nwere alaka nke aquaponics na-eji azụ mmiri nnu, nke a na-akpọ saltwater aquaponics. E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị azụ mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na mmiri oyi nke na-eme nke ọma na usoro aquaculture.
N'omume, tilapia bụ azụ kachasị ewu ewu maka ụlọ na ọrụ azụmahịa nke e bu n'uche ịzụlite azụ a na-eri eri n'ihi na ọ bụ ụdị azụ mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ nke nwere ike ịnagide ikpo na mgbanwe ọnọdụ mmiri. A na-ejikwa Barramundi, silver perch, eel-tailed catfish ma ọ bụ tandanus catfish, Jade perch na Murray cod. Maka ihu igwe dị jụụ mgbe enweghị ikike ma ọ bụ ọchịchọ ịnọgide na-enwe okpomọkụ mmiri, bluegill na Catfish bụ ụdị azụ kwesịrị ekwesị maka usoro ụlọ.
Enwere ike iji Koi na goldfish mee ihe, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị mkpa ka a rie azụ dị na usoro ahụ.
Azụ ndị ọzọ dabara adaba gụnyere channel catfish, rainbow trout, Perch, common carp, Arctic char, largemouth bass na striped bass.
Nitrification, the aerobic conversion of ammonia into nitrates, is one of the most important functions in an aquaponic system as it reduces the toxicity of the water for fish, and allows the resulting nitrate compounds to be removed by the plants for nourishment. Ammonia is steadily released into the water through the excreta and gills of fish as a product of their metabolism, but must be filtered out of the water since higher concentrations of ammonia (commonly between 0.5 and 1 ppm) can impair growth, cause widespread damage to tissues, decrease resistance to disease and even kill the fish. Although plants can absorb ammonia from the water to some degree, nitrates are assimilated more easily, thereby efficiently reducing the toxicity of the water for fish. Ammonia can be converted into safer nitrogenous compounds through combined healthy populations of 2 types of bacteria: Nitrosomonas which convert ammonia into nitrites, and Nitrobacter which then convert nitrites into nitrates. While nitrite is still harmful to fish due to its ability to create methemoglobin, which cannot bind oxygen, by attaching to hemoglobin, nitrates are able to be tolerated at high levels by fish. For this, nitrite levels must be maintained at concentrations lower than 1ppm. Nitrate, which is much safer for fish, can be tolerated at concentrations of over 150ppm. Typically, nitrogen cycling (system cycling) must conducted for 3–5 weeks in order to achieve and maintain these ideal concentrations of nitrogen compounds. High surface area provides more space for the growth of nitrifying bacteria. Grow bed material choices require careful analysis of the surface area, price and maintainability considerations.
A na-akụ osisi na usoro hydroponics, na mgbọrọgwụ ha mikpuru na mmiri na-edozi ahụ. Nke a na-enyere ha aka ịsacha ammonia nke na-egbu anụmanụ mmiri, ma ọ bụ metabolites ya. Mgbe mmiri gafere na subsystem hydroponic, a na-ehicha ya ma mee ka ọ bụrụ ikuku oxygen, ma nwee ike ịlaghachi na ụgbọ mmiri aquaculture. Usoro a na-aga n'ihu. Ngwaọrụ aquaponic nke usoro hydroponic gụnyere:
A na-ekwere na usoro mgbasa ozi na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'iji nitrogen eme ihe ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-enye oke oke na elu maka ụmụ irighiri ihe karịa Deep-water raft ma ọ bụ usoro ihe nkiri Nutrient.
Ebe ọ bụ na osisi ndị dị n'oge dị iche iche na-eto eto chọrọ mineral na ihe oriri dị iche iche, a na-ewepụta ihe ọkụkụ na mkpụrụ osisi na-eto n'otu oge ahụ dị ka osisi ndị tozuru etozu. Nke a na-eme ka ihe na-edozi ahụ kwụsie ike na mmiri n'ihi mkpocha na-aga n'ihu nke nsí site na mmiri.
N'ime usoro aquaponics, nje bacteria na-ahụ maka ntụgharị nke ammonia na nitrates a na-eji eme ihe maka osisi na-emepụta biofilm na ihe niile siri ike n'ime usoro ahụ nke na-emetụ mmiri aka mgbe niile. Mgbọrọgwụ ndị dị n'ime mmiri nke akwụkwọ nri jikọtara ọnụ nwere nnukwu ebe ebe ọtụtụ nje bacteria nwere ike ịba ụba. Tinyere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ammonia na nitrites na mmiri, ebe dị n'elu na-ekpebi ọsọ nke nitrification na-ewere ọnọdụ. Nlekọta maka mpaghara nje bacteria ndị a dị mkpa iji chịkwaa mmetọ zuru oke nke ammonia na nitrite. Nke a bụ ihe mere ọtụtụ usoro aquaponics ji agụnye otu biofiltering, nke na-enyere aka ime ka uto nke microorganisms ndị a dị mfe. Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, mgbe usoro kwụsiri ike, ọkwa ammonia dị site na 0.25 ruo .50 ppm; ọkwa nitrite dị site na0.0 ruo 0.25 ppm, na ọkwa nitrate dị site na 5 ruo 150 ppm. N'oge mmalite usoro, usoro na-ewe ọtụtụ izu iji malite usoro nitrification. N'ihi ya, spikes nwere ike ịpụta na ọkwa ammonia (ruo 6.0 ppm) na nitrite (ruo 15 ppm) dịka nitrosomonas na nitrobacter bacteria emebeghị ka ha guzobe ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ n'ime usoro ahụ. Nitrate na-arị elu mgbe e mesịrị na mmalite ka usoro ahụ na-emecha okirikiri nitrogen ma na-enwe ahụike biofilter na nje bacteria ndị a na-etolite n'ime ndị tozuru etozu. na ọkwa nitrate na-arị elu mgbe e mesịrị na mmalite. N'ime usoro nitrification ammonia na-agbaze n'ime nitrite, nke na-ahapụ hydrogen ion n'ime mmiri. Ka oge na-aga, pH nke mmiri ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ daa, enwere ike iji ntọala ndị na-abụghị sodium dịka potassium hydroxide ma ọ bụ calcium hydroxide mee ihe iji gbochie pH nke mmiri ma ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụ ezughi oke dị na mmiri iji nye ihe mgbochi megide acidization. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike ịgbakwunye mineral ma ọ bụ ihe na-edozi ahụ dịka ígwè na mgbakwunye na ihe mkpofu azụ nke na-eje ozi dị ka isi ihe na-enye ihe na-eduga na osisi.
Ezigbo ụzọ iji dozie ihe siri ike na aquaponics bụ iji ikpuru, nke na-eme ka ihe siri ike dị ka mmiri nke osisi na / ma ọ bụ anụmanụ ndị ọzọ na usoro ahụ wee nwee ike iji ya mee ihe. Maka usoro uto naanị ikpuru, biko lee Vermiponics.
The five main inputs to the system are water, oxygen, light, feed given to the aquatic animals, and electricity to pump, filter, and oxygenate the water. Spawn or fry may be added to replace grown fish that are taken out from the system to retain a stable system. In terms of outputs, an aquaponics system may continually yield plants such as vegetables grown in hydroponics, and edible aquatic species raised in an aquaculture. Typical build ratios are .5 to 1 square foot of grow space for every Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Convert/data' not found. of aquaculture water in the system. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Convert/data' not found. of water can support between Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Convert/data' not found. and Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Convert/data' not found. of fish stock depending on aeration and filtration.
Dr. James Rakocy, onye nduzi nke otu nyocha aquaponics na Mahadum nke Virgin Islands, nyere ụkpụrụ nduzi iri maka ịmepụta usoro aquaponics nke na-aga nke ọma, dabere na nyocha sara mbara nke e mere dị ka akụkụ nke mmemme aquaculture nke Agricultural Experiment Station.
Dị ka ọ dị n'ọtụtụ usoro aquaculture, nri anụ na-ejikarị nri azụ sitere na ụdị dị ala. Mbelata na-aga n'ihu nke azụ ọhịa na-eme ka omume a ghara ịdị irè. Nri azụ sitere n'okike nwere ike ịbụ ihe ọzọ dị irè nke na-ebelata nchegbu a. Nhọrọ ndị ọzọ gụnyere ịzụlite Duckweed na usoro aquaponics nke na-enye otu azụ ahụ a zụlitere na usoro ahụ, ikpuru karịrị akarị nke a zụpụtara site na vermiculture composting, na-eji ihe mkpofu kichin, yana ịzụlite ụmụ ahụhụ ojii iji nye azụ ahụ nri site na iji ndị na-emepụta grub composting.
Dị ka hydroponics, enwere ike itinye mineral na micronutrients ole na ole iji melite uto osisi. Iron bụ ihe na-edozi ahụ nke kachasị njọ na aquaponics, mana enwere ike itinye ya site na ịgwakọta ntụ Iron Chelate na mmiri. Enwere ike itinye potassium dị ka potassium sulfate site na ntụ ọka. Ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ na-adịchaghị mkpa gụnyere magnesium dị ka nnu epsom, calcium dị ka calcium chloride, na boron. Nchịkọta nke ihe ndị dị ndụ nke ihe mkpofu aquaculture na-emepụta oke nitrate, nke dị ukwuu maka akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Maka osisi ndị na-agbasa okooko osisi nwere nnukwu ihe oriri, a na-atụ aro iwebata ihe oriri ndị ọzọ dị ka magnesium, calcium, potassium, na phosphorus. Ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ sulfate nke potash, potassium bicarbonate, monoammonium phosphate, wdg. Enwere ike ikpuchi ụkọ ihe oriri na mmiri nsị site na akụkụ azụ (RAS) kpamkpam site na iji mmiri na-enweghị isi ma ọ bụ mineral, na-enwekarị okpukpu 3-17 nke ihe oriri dị elu. Mmiri nsị RAS (mmiri mkpofu na ụrọ jikọtara) nwere N, P, Mg, Ca, S, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni zuru oke iji gboo ọtụtụ mkpa ihe ọkụkụ aquaponic. Potassium na-enwekarị ụkọ nke chọrọ uto zuru oke. Micronutrients B, Mo zuru ezu ma nwee ike imeziwanye n'ụzọ dị mfe site n'ịbawanye ntọhapụ ụrọ. A ga-atụle echiche nke 'kwesịrị ike' nke sodium na-egbu egbu na nsị RAS - ihe ngwọta bara uru dịkwa. Enweghị egwu nke mkpokọta ígwè dị arọ n'ime loop aquaponics.
Usoro aquaponic anaghị ewepụ ma ọ bụ gbanwee mmiri n'okpuru ọrụ nkịtị, kama, na-agbanye ma na-eji mmiri eme ihe nke ọma. Usoro a na-adabere na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi iji nọgide na-enwe ebe obibi mmiri kwụsiri ike nke na-enwe obere mgbanwe na ihe oriri na ikuku oxygen. Osisi nwere ike iweghachite ihe oriri ndị a gbazere agbaze site na mmiri na-agagharị agagharị, nke pụtara na a na-ewepụ mmiri ole na ole ma nwee ike ibelata ọnụego mgbanwe mmiri. A na-agbakwunye mmiri naanị iji dochie mmiri na-efu site na ịmịkọrọ na ọsụsọ site na osisi, evaporation n'ime ikuku site na Mmiri ozuzo, na-agbasa site na usoro ahụ site na mmiri, na iwepụ biomass dị ka ihe mkpofu siri ike site na usoro. N'ihi ya, aquaponics na-eji ihe dịka 2% nke mmiri nke ugbo a na-agba mmiri chọrọ maka otu mmepụta akwụkwọ nri ahụ. Nke a na-enye ohere maka mmepụta aquaponic nke ihe ọkụkụ na azụ n'ebe mmiri ma ọ bụ ala na-eme nri dị ụkọ. A pụkwara iji usoro aquaponic mee ihe iji mepụta ọnọdụ ala mmiri a na-achịkwa. Ala mmiri e wuru nwere ike ịba uru maka biofiltration na ọgwụgwọ nke nsị ụlọ. Enwere ike ịnakọta mmiri jupụtara na ihe oriri na tankị, ma jiri ya mee ihe ọzọ iji mee ka uto nke ihe ọkụkụ a kụrụ n'ala dị ngwa, ma ọ bụ enwere ike ịdọrọ ya n'ime usoro aquaponic iji mee ka mmiri dị elu.
Ihe owuwu aquaponic na-adabere na ogo dịgasị iche iche na ike mmadụ mere, ihe ngwọta teknụzụ, na njikwa gburugburu ebe obibi iji nweta recirculation na mmiri / okpomọkụ. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na e mepụtara usoro na nchekwa ike n'uche, na-eji ike ọzọ na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke mgbapụta site na ikwe ka mmiri na-aga n'okpuru dị ka o kwere mee, ọ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ọ bụ ezie na imepụta ihe n'ụzọ nlezianya nwere ike ibelata ihe ize ndụ ahụ, usoro aquaponics nwere ike ịnwe ọtụtụ 'otu ebe ọdịda' ebe nsogbu dịka ọdịda eletrik ma ọ bụ mgbochi paịpụ nwere ike iduga na mfu zuru oke nke azụ.
Iji mee ka usoro aquaponic nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n'ụzọ ego ma nweta uru ma na-ekpuchi mmefu ọrụ ya, ihe ndị mejupụtara ụlọ ọrụ hydroponic na ihe ndị na-azụ azụ kwesịrị ịnọ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mgbe niile na ikike mmepụta kachasị elu. Iji mee ka oke azụ dị n'ime usoro ahụ dị elu (na-enweghị igbochi uto azụ), enwere usoro atọ dị mkpa nke nwere ike inyere aka ịnọgide na-enwe oke a.
N'ụzọ dị mma, oke azụ dị n'ime tankị ịzụlite anaghị agafe 0.5 lbs / galọn, iji belata nrụgide sitere na ịba ụba, na-enye azụ nri nke ọma, ma na-akwalite uto dị mma.
Ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike iji ọgwụ ahụhụ mee ihe iji lekọta ụmụ ahụhụ na ihe ọkụkụ, na usoro aquaponic iji ọgwụ ahụhụ ga-eyi usoro azụ egwu. N'aka nke ọzọ, ọ bụrụ na azụ ahụ enweta nje ma ọ bụ ọrịa, a pụghị iji ọgwụgwọ mee ihe dịka osisi ga-amị ha. Iji nọgide na-enwe mmekọrịta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti osisi na azụ, a ga-eji usoro ndị na-abụghị nke kemịkal dịka ọnyà, ihe mgbochi anụ ahụ na njikwa ihe ndị dị ndụ (dị ka parasitic wasps / ladybugs iji chịkwaa ụmụ ahụhụ na-acha ọcha / aphid) iji chịkwae ụmụ ahụhụ. Ọgwụ ahụhụ kachasị dị irè bụ Mmanụ Neem, mana ọ bụ naanị n'ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ dị nta iji belata mmiri azụ. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ahịa nke aquaponics na-akwụsịkarị n'ihi nsogbu na nchịkwa ọrịa na ọrịa. Ojiji nke usoro nchịkwa kemịkal dị mgbagwoju anya maka usoro niile. Ọ bụ ezie na ọgwụ ahụhụ na ọgwụ ahịhịa nwere ike dochie anya usoro nchịkwa azụmaahịa, fungicides na nematicides ka dị mkpa na aquaponics. Nnyocha na njikwa ọdịbendị bụ ụzọ mbụ iji gbochie ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-egbu egbu. Nchịkwa nke ihe ndị dị ndụ, n'ozuzu ya, nwere ike ime mgbanwe ruo n'ókè dị ukwuu. Usoro mgbochi ndị na-abụghị nke kemịkal na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma maka mgbochi ahụhụ na ọrịa na atụmatụ niile.
Ọtụtụ ndị agbalịwo ịmepụta usoro nchịkwa na nlekota na-akpaghị aka na ụfọdụ n'ime ndị a gosipụtara ọkwa ihe ịga nke ọma. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndị na-eme nchọpụta nwere ike iwebata akpaaka na obere usoro aquaponic iji nweta usoro ọrụ ugbo dị ọnụ ala ma na-adịgide adịgide. Mmepe azụmahịa nke teknụzụ akpaaka apụtawokwa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụlọ ọrụ mepụtara usoro nwere ike ime ka ọrụ ugbo na-emegharị ugboro ugboro ma gosipụta algọridim mmụta igwe nke nwere ike ịchọpụta ma kpochapụ osisi ndị na-arịa ọrịa ma ọ bụ ndị na-emepebeghị emepe. Ụlọ ọrụ aquaponics nke dị 3.75-acre nke na-azọrọ na ọ bụ ugbo salmon mbụ dị n'ime ụlọ na United States na-agụnyekwa teknụzụ na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya. Igwe aquaponic emeela ọganihu dị ịrịba ama na ide na ịnakọta ozi gbasara aquaponics.
Aquaponics na-enye usoro polyculture dịgasị iche iche na nke kwụsiri ike nke na-enye ndị ọrụ ugbo ohere ịzụlite akwụkwọ nri na ịzụlite azụ n'otu oge ahụ. Site n'inwe ụzọ abụọ e si enweta uru, ndị ọrụ ugbo nwere ike ịga n'ihu na-enweta ego ọbụlagodi na ahịa maka azụ ma ọ bụ osisi na-agafe obere okirikiri. Mgbanwe nke usoro aquaponic na-enye ya ohere ịzụlite ọtụtụ ihe ọkụkụ gụnyere akwụkwọ nri nkịtị, ahịhịa, okooko osisi na osisi mmiri iji kwado ọtụtụ ndị na-azụ ahịa. Ahịhịa, lettuce na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ pụrụ iche dị ka basil ma ọ bụ spinach dị mma maka usoro aquaponic n'ihi obere mkpa nri ha. Maka ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke ndị na-azụ ahịa na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi, ngwaahịa sitere na usoro aquaponic bụ nke na-enweghị ọgwụ ahụhụ na nke na-ahapụkwa obere akara gburugburu ebe obibi. Usoro aquaponic na-arụkwa ọrụ nke ọma n'ụzọ akụ na ụba n'ihi obere ojiji nke mmiri, ịgba ọsọ na-edozi ahụ dị irè na ịchọ obere ala iji rụọ ọrụ. N'ihi na ala adịghị mkpa ma ọ bụ naanị obere mmiri ka achọrọ, enwere ike ịtọlite usoro aquaponic n'ebe ndị nwere Ọdịdị ala dị ala ma ọ bụ mmiri emetọ. Nke ka mkpa, usoro aquaponic na-enwekarị ahịhịa, ụmụ ahụhụ na ọrịa ndị ga-emetụta ala, nke na-enye ha ohere ịmepụta ihe ọkụkụ dị elu ngwa ngwa iji ree.
Nnyocha metụtara usoro aquaponic, na ikike akụ na ụba ha ka dị oke ma e jiri ya tụnyere usoro hydroponic. Site na nyocha dịnụ, a ghaghị ikpebi ikike akụ na ụba nke azụmaahịa aquaponic site na ikpe. E nwere ọtụtụ mgbanwe gụnyere usoro nhazi, oge ihu igwe, na ọnụahịa mpaghara nke ike ma ọ bụ ala nke na-emetụta uru nke azụmaahịa aquaponic. Dabere na nnyocha nke gụnyere azụmaahịa aquaponic 208 na United States, nkezi ego nke azụmaahịa aqaponic bụ $ 5,000 - $ 10,000 na naanị 10% nke azụmaịa na-akọ ihe karịrị $ 50,000 na ego a na-enweta kwa afọ.
E nwere usoro aquaponic abụọ: Single Recirculating Aquaponic Systems (SRAPS ma ọ bụ usoro jikọtara ọnụ) na Double Recirculaing Aquaponic System (DRAPS maọbụ usoro jikọtara). Ihe dị iche bụ na usoro DRAPS, a na-eji mmiri sitere na usoro aquaculture (azụ̀) enye ihe oriri na usoro hydroponic (osisi) mana usoro abụọ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ha. N'adịghị ka SRAPS, onye na-akụ ihe nwere ike itinye fatịlaịza aka n'ime usoro DRAPS n'emeghị ka azụ ahụ merụọ ahụ. Usoro tomato DRAPS nke na-eji fatịlaịza na mgbakwunye na ihe mkpofu azụ nwere ike inye otu ọkwa mmepụta dị ka usoro hydroponic nkịtị ka ọ na-ebelata ojiji fatịlaịtị site na 23.6%. Usoro SRAPS enweghị ike iṅomi nsonaazụ ndị a. Nnyocha ndị ọzọ na-egosi nkwado na usoro aquaponic nwere ike iji 14% obere fatịlaịza karịa usoro hydroponic. N'agbanyeghị mbelata a, onye na-akụ ihe kwesịrị ikpebi ma ọnụahịa nke ịnọgide na-azụ azụ dị ọnụ ala karịa iji fatịlaịza ọzọ na hydroponics.
Ihe mgbochi ndị ọzọ na-abụghị nke usoro maka ihe ịga nke ọma akụ na ụba nke usoro aquaponic nwere ike ịgụnye na usoro ndị a chọrọ ihe ọmụma dị elu n'ọtụtụ ọzụzụ, enweghị ohere ego maka aquaponics, na eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọha na eze n'ozuzu anaghị aghọta ihe aquaponics bụ. Azụmaahịa aquaponics nwere ike ịchọ atụmatụ akara ndị ọzọ ma e jiri ya tụnyere hydroponics, nke bụ teknụzụ a maara nke ọma n'oge a na United States.
Aquaponic gardeners from all around the world are gathering in online community sites and forums to share their experiences and promote the development of this form of gardening, as well as creating extensive resources on how to build home systems.
There are various modular systems made for the public that utilize aquaponic systems to produce organic vegetables and herbs, and provide indoor decor at the same time. These systems can serve as a source of herbs and vegetables indoors. Universities are promoting research on these modular systems as they get more popular among city dwellers..