davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
List of maritime disasters in the 19th century

A maritime disaster is an event which usually involves a ship or ships and can involve military action. Because of the nature of maritime travel, there is often a substantial loss of life. This list covers those disasters where 30 or more lives were lost.
Many maritime disasters happen outside the realms of war. All ships, including those of the military, are vulnerable to problems from weather conditions, faulty design or human error. Some of the disasters below occurred in periods of conflict, although their losses were unrelated to any military action. The table listings are in descending order of the magnitude of casualties suffered.
Disasters with high losses of life can occur in times of armed conflict. Shown below are some of the known events with major losses.
పంజాగుట్ట

పంజాగుట్ట, తెలంగాణ రాష్ట్ర రాజధాని హైదరాబాద్‌లోని ఒక వాణిజ్య, నివాస ప్రాంతం. ఇక్కడ ఐటి హబ్‌లు, వస్త్ర, గృహవసరాల, నగల దుకాణాలు ఉన్నాయి. అమీర్‌పేట, బంజారా హిల్స్, సోమాజిగూడ, ఖైరతాబాదు మొదలైన ప్రాంతాల రవాణాకు ప్రధాన రవాణా కేంద్రంగా ఉంది. ఈ జంక్షనులోవున్న జంట ఫ్లైఓవర్లు ట్రాఫిక్ నియంత్రణకు ఉపయోగపడుతున్నాయి.
హైదరాబాదులోని రెండు విభిన్న ప్రాంతాలను పంజాగుట్ట కలుపుతోంది. దీనికి ఉత్తరం వైపు సికింద్రాబాదు, దక్షిణం వైపు ఓల్డ్ సిటీ ఉన్నాయి. పంజాగుట్ట పహాద్ కు వారసత్వం చరిత్ర ఉంది, ఇది కులీ కుతుబ్ షాహి కాలం నాటిది. పంజాగుట్ట అనగా చేతి పర్వతం అని అర్థం. ఇక్కడికి సమీపంలో ఇమామ్ అలీ చేతి ముద్ర ఉన్న బండరాయి ఉంది. దీన్ని మొదటగా పంజాఘుట్నా అనేవారు, తరువాతికాలంలో పంజాగుట్ట మారింది.
కుతుబ్ షాహి కాలం నాటి జనరల్ హజ్రత్ అలీకి ఈ కొండపై ప్రార్థనలు చేసినట్టు ఒక కల వచ్చింది. దాంతో అతను అక్కడకు వెళ్ళి పరిశీలించగా అతను రాతిపై ఈ అరచేతి, మోకాలి ముద్రను కనుగొన్నాడు. ఈ కొండ పైన ఉన్న ఆలం, అశుర్ఖానా కూడా 400 సంవత్సరాల క్రితం నాటివి.
ద్వారకాపురి కాలనీ, ఎర్రమంజిల్, బాలపుర బస్తీ, నిమ్స్ హాస్పిటల్, పంజాగుట్ట మార్కెట్, కేశవ్ నగర్, ప్రతాప్ నగర్, సుల్తాన్-ఉల్-ఉలూమ్ కళాశాల, వద్దారా బస్తీ, జర్నలిస్ట్ కాలనీ, ఎన్‌ఎఫ్‌సిఎల్. నాగర్జున సర్కిల్ మొదలైనవి.
తెలంగాణ రాష్ట్ర రోడ్డు రవాణా సంస్థ ఆధ్వర్యంలో నగరంలోని వివిధ ప్రాంతాల నుండి పంజాగుట్టకు బస్సులు నడుపబడుతున్నాయి. హైదరాబాద్ మెట్రోలో భాగంగా ఇక్కడ పంజాగుట్ట మెట్రో స్టేషను ఉంది.
పంజాగుట్ట జంక్ష‌న్ అనునిత్యం వాహ‌నాల రాక‌పోక‌ల‌తో ర‌ద్దీగా ఉంటూ, పాద‌చారులు రోడ్డును దాటేందుకు ఇబ్బందులు పడుతున్న సమస్యను దృష్టిలో ఉంచుకొని 5 కోట్ల రూపాయలతో హైద‌రాబాద్ సెంట్ర‌ల్ మాల్ వ‌ద్ద ఏర్పాటు చేసిన ఫుట్ ఓవ‌ర్ బ్రిడ్జి (foot over bridge) నిర్మించబడింది. 2022 మే 11న ఖైర‌తాబాద్ ఎమ్మెల్యే దానం నాగేంద‌ర్, జీహెచ్ఎంసీ మేయ‌ర్ గ‌ద్వాల్ విజ‌య‌ల‌క్ష్మి క‌లిసి ఫుట్ ఓవ‌ర్ బ్రిడ్జిని ప్రారంభించారు.
అంబేద్కర్ 132వ జయంతి సందర్భంగా పంజాగుట్ట కూడ‌లిలో డాక్ట‌ర్ బీఆర్ అంబేద్క‌ర్ విగ్ర‌హాన్ని రాష్ట్ర ఐటీ, పురపాలక, పరిశ్రమల మంత్రి కల్వకుంట్ల తారక రామారావు ఆవిష్క‌రించాడు. ఈ కార్య‌క్ర‌మంలో మంత్రులు కొప్పుల ఈశ్వ‌ర్, మ‌హ‌ముద్ అలీ, ఎర్ర‌బెల్లి ద‌యాక‌ర్ రావు, ఎమ్మెల్యే దానం నాగేంద‌ర్‌, గ్రేట‌ర్ హైద‌రాబాద్ మేయ‌ర్ గ‌ద్వాల్ విజ‌య‌ల‌క్ష్మి, కార్పోరేట‌ర్లు, అధికారులు పాల్గొన్నారు.
కనకలత ముకుంద్

కనకలత ముకుంద్ ( నీ నరసింహన్) ఒక భారతీయ చరిత్రకారిణి. ఆమె పరిశోధనా రంగాలు దక్షిణ భారతదేశ వర్తక చరిత్ర , మహిళల సాంప్రదాయ హక్కులు , వృత్తుల చరిత్ర.
జానకి నరసింహన్ , సివి నరసింహన్ దంపతులకు కనకలతా నరసింహన్ జన్మించారు. ఆమె తండ్రి ఇండియన్ సివిల్ సర్వీస్ సభ్యుడు , ఐక్యరాజ్యసమితి అండర్ సెక్రటరీ జనరల్ . ఆమెకు హేమలత అనే సోదరి ఉంది. ఆమె న్యూయార్క్ నగరంలోని బర్నార్డ్ కళాశాల నుండి 1962 తరగతిలో పట్టభద్రురాలైంది. 1964లో ఆమె జగన్నాథన్ ముకుంద్‌ని వివాహం చేసుకుంది.
కనకలత ముకుంద్ ఆర్థిక శాస్త్రంలో పీహెచ్‌డీ చేశారు. ఆమె పదవీ విరమణ చేసే వరకు బొంబాయి విశ్వవిద్యాలయం , భోపాల్ విశ్వవిద్యాలయం, , హైదరాబాద్‌లోని సెంటర్ ఫర్ ఎకనామిక్ అండ్ సోషల్ స్టడీస్‌లో పనిచేశారు . ఆమె పరిశోధనా రంగాలు దక్షిణ భారతదేశ వర్తక చరిత్ర , మహిళల సాంప్రదాయ హక్కులు , వృత్తుల చరిత్ర.
మద్రాసులోని వర్తక నెట్‌వర్క్‌లు , స్థానిక , ఆంగ్లేయుల వ్యాపారుల మధ్య పరస్పర చర్యపై ఆమె చేసిన పరిశోధనలో , ముకుంద్, అత్యంత ధనిక భారతీయ వ్యాపారులు వడ్డీ వ్యాపారులుగా , నేత కార్మికులు , ఆంగ్లేయులు వంటి ఉత్పత్తిదారుల మధ్య లెటర్ ఆఫ్ క్రెడిట్ , ఫార్వర్డ్ ఒప్పందాల బ్రోకర్లుగా వ్యవహరించారని చూపించారు. ఆంగ్లేయులు నేత కార్మికులకు ముందుగానే చెల్లిస్తారు, వారు తమ సొంత సరఫరాదారులను కనుగొంటారు. భారతీయ వ్యాపారులు కులాల వారీగా విభజించబడ్డారు , ఒకరితో ఒకరు పోటీ పడ్డారు; వారి మధ్య ఉద్రిక్తత తరచుగా హింసగా చెలరేగింది. వారి పరస్పర చర్య యొక్క ప్రారంభ కాలంలో, భారతీయ ఉత్పత్తిదారులు తమ సరఫరాలను నియంత్రించడానికి ఆంగ్లేయుల ప్రయత్నాలను నిరోధించగలిగారు, కాలక్రమేణా, ఆంగ్లేయుల అధికారం దక్షిణ భారతదేశంపై విస్తరించడంతో, ఉత్పత్తిదారులు , వారి భారతీయ వ్యాపారి పెట్టుబడిదారుడు ఇద్దరూ నష్టపోవడం ప్రారంభించారు, తద్వారా 1725 నాటికి, దక్షిణ భారత వస్త్ర వాణిజ్యం కూలిపోవడం ప్రారంభమైంది.
లక్ష్మి

లక్ష్మి హిందూ మత ప్రధాన దేవత. ఈమె త్రిమూర్తులలో ఒకరైన విష్ణువు భార్య. పార్వతి, సరస్వతితో పాటు ఈమె త్రిదేవతలలో ఒకరు. ఈమె డబ్బు, సంపద, శాంతి, శ్రేయస్సు, అదృష్టాలకు దేవతగా పరిగణించబడుతుంది. భారతదేశంలో దీపావళి పండుగ నాడు హిందువులు ఈమెను పూజిస్తారు. లక్ష్మిదేవి చీర కట్టుకొని, అభరణాలను ధరించి చాలా అందంగా, ఆకర్షణీయంగా ఉంటుంది. లక్ష్మిదేవి నాలుగు చేతులతో ఉంటుంది, రెండు చేతులతో పుష్పాలను పట్టుకొని, రెండు చేతులతో బంగారు నాణేలను అనుగ్రహిస్తూ ఉంటుంది. ఈమె తామర పువ్వు మీద కూర్చుని సాధారణంగా ఏనుగులతో ఉంటుంది. ఈమెకు అనేక అవతారాలు ఉన్నాయి (అంటే మానవుని రూపంలో లేదా మరే ఇతర రూపంలో నైనా భూమిపైకి వచ్చే దేవత). విష్ణు దేవేరి అయిన లక్ష్మీ, విష్ణువు భూమిపై రకరకాల అవతారాలను ఎత్తగా, అతనితో పాటు ఈమె కూడా భూలోకంలో రామాయణంలో రాముడి భార్య సీతగా, మహాభారతంలో కృష్ణుడి భార్య రుక్మిణిగా, కలియుగంలో వెంకటేశ్వరస్వామి భార్య పద్మావతిగా అవతరాలను ఎత్తి అతనిని వివాహం చేసుకుంటుంది. లక్ష్మిని మహాలక్ష్మి అని కూడా అంటారు. ప్రతి సంవత్సరం శ్రావణమాసం రెండవ శుక్రవారం, వరలక్ష్మి వ్రతాన్ని పాటించి లక్ష్మిదేవి ప్రత్యేక ఆరాధనలు చేస్తారు. దీపావళి సందర్భంగా, నవరాత్రి సందర్భంగా కూడా లక్ష్మి పూజలు జరుపుకుంటారు. శ్రీ అనే పదం సిరి పదానికి సమానం. అనగా సంపద, ఐశ్వర్యానికి దేవత. మానవాళికి 8 రకాల లక్ష్యాలు అవసరం, అందుకే ఆ లక్ష్యాలు అష్టలక్ష్ములుగా అవతరించాయి. లక్ష్మి అనగా లక్ష్యానికి దారితీసే దేవత, లక్ష్యం సిద్ధిస్తే లక్ష్మీ కటాక్ష్యం పొందినట్లేనని భావన.
ఆదిలక్ష్మి:- సుమనస వందిత సుందరి మాధవి, చంద్ర సహొదరి హేమమయే మునిగణ వందిత మోక్షప్రదాయని, మంజుల భాషిణి వేదనుతే | పంకజవాసిని దేవ సుపూజిత, సద్గుణ వర్షిణి శాంతియుతే, జయ జయహే మధుసూదన కామిని, ఆదిలక్ష్మి పరిపాలయ మామ్ || 1 ||
ధాన్యలక్ష్మి:- అయికలి కల్మష నాశిని కామిని, వైదిక రూపిణి వేదమయే , క్షీర సముద్భవ మంగళ రూపిణి, మంత్రనివాసిని మంత్రనుతే |మంగళదాయిని అంబుజవాసిని, దేవగణాశ్రిత పాదయుతే , జయ జయహే మధుసూదన కామిని, ధాన్యలక్ష్మి పరిపాలయ మామ్ || 2 ||
ధైర్యలక్ష్మి:- జయవరవర్షిణి వైష్ణవి భార్గవి, మంత్ర స్వరూపిణి మంత్రమయే , సురగణ పూజిత శీఘ్ర ఫలప్రద, ఙ్ఞాన వికాసిని శాస్త్రనుతే | భవభయహారిణి పాపవిమోచని, సాధు జనాశ్రిత పాదయుతే , జయ జయహే మధు సూధన కామిని, ధైర్యలక్ష్మీ పరిపాలయ మామ్ || 3 ||
గజలక్ష్మి:- జయ జయ దుర్గతి నాశిని కామిని, సర్వఫలప్రద శాస్త్రమయే , రధగజ తురగపదాతి సమావృత, పరిజన మండిత లోకనుతే | హరిహర బ్రహ్మ సుపూజిత సేవిత, తాప నివారిణి పాదయుతే , జయ జయహే మధుసూదన కామిని, గజలక్ష్మీ రూపేణ పాలయ మామ్ || 4 ||
సంతానలక్ష్మి:- అయిఖగ వాహిని మోహిని చక్రిణి, రాగవివర్ధిని ఙ్ఞానమయే , గుణగణవారధి లోకహితైషిణి, సప్తస్వర భూషిత గాననుతే | సకల సురాసుర దేవ మునీశ్వర, మానవ వందిత పాదయుతే , జయ జయహే మధుసూదన కామిని, సంతానలక్ష్మీ పరిపాలయ మామ్ || 5 ||
విజయలక్ష్మి:- జయ కమలాసిని సద్గతి దాయిని, ఙ్ఞానవికాసిని గానమయే , అనుదిన మర్చిత కుంకుమ ధూసర, భూషిత వాసిత వాద్యనుతే | కనకధరాస్తుతి వైభవ వందిత, శంకరదేశిక మాన్యపదే , జయ జయహే మధుసూదన కామిని, విజయలక్ష్మీ పరిపాలయ మామ్ || 6 ||
విద్యాలక్ష్మి:- ప్రణత సురేశ్వరి భారతి భార్గవి, శోకవినాశిని రత్నమయే , మణిమయ భూషిత కర్ణవిభూషణ, శాంతి సమావృత హాస్యముఖే | , నవనిధి దాయిని కలిమలహారిణి, కామిత ఫలప్రద హస్తయుతే , జయ జయహే మధుసూదన కామిని, విద్యాలక్ష్మీ సదా పాలయ మామ్ || 7 ||
ధనలక్ష్మి:- ధిమిధిమి ధింధిమి ధింధిమి-దింధిమి, దుంధుభి నాద సుపూర్ణమయే , ఘుమఘుమ ఘుంఘుమ ఘుంఘుమ ఘుంఘుమ, శంఖ నినాద సువాద్యనుతే | వేద పూరాణేతిహాస సుపూజిత, వైదిక మార్గ ప్రదర్శయుతే , జయ జయహే మధుసూదన కామిని, ధనలక్ష్మి రూపేణా పాలయ మామ్ || 8 ||
పట్టుచీర

పట్టుదారంతో అల్లిన మెత్తని చీరను పట్టుచీర అంటారు. భారతదేశంలో అన్ని శుభకార్యాలకు, పండుగలకు ఎక్కువగా పట్టుచీరలు ధరించడానికి ఇష్టపడతారు.
పెళ్ళిళ్లలో ఆడవాళ్లు ఎక్కువగా పట్టు చీరలు కట్టాలనుకుంటుంటారు. హిందూ సంప్రదాయంలో పట్టు చీరకి చాలా ప్రాముఖ్యత ఉంటుంది. పండగకీ, పెళ్ళికీ తళతళలాడే పట్టు చీరలు ఉండాల్సిందే. ఇప్పుడు కొత్తగా వర్క్ చీరల ఫ్యాషన్ వచ్చింది. సాధారణ జరీనుంచి వెండి జరీ దాకా వర్క్ చేసిన పట్టు, నైలెక్స్ చీరల ధరలు కూడా ఎక్కువే.
పట్టు చీరల తయారీకి మగ్గాలను, మిషనరీ రెండిటిని వినియోగిస్తున్నారు. నాణ్యత కొరకు మగ్గాలపై నేయబడిన వాటికి గిరాకీ అధికంగా కలదు.
పట్టు చీరలు ఇతర వస్త్రాలు అధికంగా తయారు చేయు ప్రాంతాలు
ఆంధ్రుల దుస్తులు
Abdul Gani Textile Market

Abdul Gani Textile Market locally called as Gani Market, is one of the wholesale and retail textile markets located in the city of Erode in Tamil Nadu, India. It is owned, operated and maintained by Erode City Municipal Corporation.
Being one of the biggest textile markets in the state, it houses 1000 individual shops including 300 permanent shops. Both wholesale and retail trading of textile goods happen here. The market opens every day and the weekly market shops opens on Monday-Tuesday. Over-night trading reveals a lot of transactions in this market. The market intakes more than 10,000 footfalls, sometimes even 30,000 footfalls during the festive seasons. This market receives textile merchants from the nearby districts as well as the nearby states like Kerala. Bhavani Jamakkalam is one of the most sold products in this market.
Presently, the congested market structure is being reconstructed under Smart City Scheme. A modern Textile Hub is coming up in the place of market complex.
Other major wholesale and retail textile markets functioning in the city are:
Apart from this, there are several street markets functioning inside the city areas like Thiruvengadasamy (TVS) Street, Eswaran Kovil Street, Brough Road and Veterinary hospital Road.
K. R. Nagarajan

K. R. Nagarajan is an Indian businessman, philanthropist and industrialist. He is the founder and chairperson of the Ramraj Cotton. Under his leadership, Ramraj stepped into the textile business, predominantly selling white cotton shirts, lungis and dhotis. During his tenure, Ramraj Cotton had gained substantial market shares in the textile industry and gained a reputation as a market leader in the ethnic wear industry.
He completed his Secondary School Learning Certificate in 1977. However, the cost of higher education was prohibitive for his family, and he instead started working immediately.
K. R. Nagarajan spent an eighteen-month stint at a dhoti manufacturing firm in Tirupur to gain experience in production and marketing. He used this experience to set up his own small firm named "Ramraj Khadi Traders", combining his name and that of his father, Ramaswamy. At that time, the livelihoods of weavers living in Tirupur area made K. R. Nagarajan sympathise with them and he set up the firm to boost their incomeMore by selling dhoties. He laid the foundation for his dream venture, Ramraj Cotton, with the objective of articulating his keen interest in promoting dhoti, veshti, sarongs, and other Tamil traditional dress suits. He was inspired to establish a Tamil culture-oriented textile brand in order to promote ethnic wear based on his own personal life experiences.
As a young man, Nagaraj recalled a few anecdotes of being disrespected and discriminated against due to his choice of a traditional white shirt and dhoti over the Western office suits of his coworkers. In one case, he was stopped by a watchman from entering a hotel where he and his colleagues were to eat dinner; another example was when a receptionist didn't allow him into the boardroom until he verified his credentials. The memories he gathered on such humiliation and embarrassment, he transformed into a matter of showcasing respect and salute to Dhoti and Veshti by applying a paradigm shift approach with the focus on enhancing the brand value of his company. He compiled an anthem titled Salute Ramraj, and he brought prominent actors and celebrities on board to shoot advertisements to uplift his Ramraj brand with the Salute Ramraj theme being played in the background.
With the advent of his venture, Ramraj Cotton, K. R. Nagarajan aspired to inculcate the Tamil traditional aspects and traditions among the young generation, especially in his home state, Tamil Nadu. He realized that the positive attitude of youngsters in Tamil Nadu towards traditional clothes started diminishing, whereas the youngsters began showing enthusiasm for wearing western-styled clothes. Hence he brought innovative marketing ideas including Ottikko Kattikko pasting dhoties for the convenience of boys and men. His "kattikko illa ottikko" promotional marketing campaign turned out to be a redemption arc in getting the younger generation in Tamil Nadu to adapt to the Tamil cultural norms.
He also published a monthly magazine titled Venmai Ennangal about contemporary social issues.
Chrisp Street Market

Chrisp Street Market is the central marketplace and town centre of Poplar and is located in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It was the first purpose-built pedestrian shopping area in the United Kingdom, rebuilt as part of the 1951 Festival of Britain and is directly connected onto the high street, East India Dock Road.
It features a prominent clock tower, shops, small retail outlets, pubs, cafes, flats, and 80 market stalls.
Chrisp Street Market was designed by Frederick Gibberd, and built as part of the Festival of Britain in 1951. Since 1997 it has been in a conservation area.
In the 1990s, the London Docklands Development Corporation contributed £1.3 million to refurbishment of the market area.
In the early 2000s, Chrisp St Library was closed and replaced with a larger 'Idea Store' designed by David Adjaye, a place for lifelong learning with computers and rooms for community use.
The Tower Hamlets London Borough Council transferred ownership of the shopping arcades along with the rest of the Lansbury Estate to Poplar HARCA, a locally based housing association, in 2006. This association commissioned architects to draw up a master plan for the market.
As of 2015, the commercial properties are managed by Capital Properties (UK) Ltd, while the market stalls remain under the management of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets.
The market was the main focus point and filming location of E14: A Dying Trade, a short documentary filmed in 2011.
From November 2013 to April 2014, Chrisp Street Market was host to a project entitled 'Chrisp Street On Air' - a pilot exercise in rejuvenating London markets. The project, conceived by multidisciplinary design firm The Decorators, began with a radio station set up within the market and available online. The radio station invited locals to explore the market's history, character, and future. The radio component also informed a further programme of events in conjunction with local organisations, such as a boxing exhibition with the Lansbury Amateur Boxing Club. The project also incorporated new market furniture for eating, along with stalls to facilitate the events. Poplar HARCA, the owner of the market, used recommendations based on the project to apply to the Greater London Authority for a new round of funding.
East End of London favourites such as pie and mash are available alongside Chinese and Indian food outlets. Chrisp St Market also hosts "Bite", a monthly street food market taking place on the last Friday of each month.
The market is served by All Saints and Langdon Park DLR stations.
London Buses Routes 15, 108, 115, D6, 309, D8 and Night Route N15 serve the market.
Vijayalakshmi Deshamane

Vijayalakshmi Deshamane (born 1955) is an Indian oncologist surgeon from Kalaburagi, she has been honoured with the Padma Shri Award in 2025.
She was born into a Madiga family in a slum in Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India, as one of eight children, her father, Babu Rao Deshmane, worked as a labourer at MSK Mill, a textile mill, while her mother, Ratnamma, supported the family by selling vegetables, starting her day going door-to-door and later setting up her stall in the Gazipur area.
Deshmane's early education began at Chakkargatta School in Gazipura, where she studied up to the seventh standard, followed by her high school education at Gangambika High School in the Kannada medium. She later pursued an MBBS from KMC and completed her MS from Bellary Medical College in 1984. Immediately after finishing her postgraduate studies, she joined Kidwai Memorial Cancer Hospital as a resident doctor.
In 1994, Deshmane became the first woman professor at her institution and later went on to serve as dean, head of department, and director at the Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology. In 2016, while recovering from a heart attack, she was approached by BJP leader Anant Kumar to head the National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research in Mohali, Punjab. Throughout her distinguished career, she earned numerous awards and accolades in Karnataka. Even after retiring from surgical practice in 2015, Deshmane remained dedicated to public service by raising breast cancer awareness among the general public and serving as the president of Abalashrama, a shelter in Bengaluru that equips orphaned girls with essential life skills for self-sufficiency.
Vada pav

Vada pav, alternatively spelt wada pao, (listen) is a vegetarian fast food dish native to the Indian state of Maharashtra. The dish consists of a deep-fried potato dumpling placed inside a bread bun (pav) sliced almost in half through the middle. It is generally accompanied with one or more chutneys and a green chili pepper. Although it originated as an affordable street food in Mumbai, it is now served in food stalls and restaurants across India. It is also called Bombay burger in keeping with its origins and its resemblance in physical form to a burger.
The most famous snack in Mumbai, vada pav is claimed to be a part of the culture of Mumbaikars.
Batata vada in Marathi literally means "potato fritter". It is a combination of the word for "potato" (batata) and vada, a type of fried savoury snack. Pav is a derivative of the Portuguese word pão, which means bread.
The most common theory of the vada pav's origin is that it was invented in the erstwhile mill-heartland of Central Mumbai. Ashok Vaidya of Dadar is often credited with starting the first vada pav stall outside Dadar railway station in 1966. Some sources credit Sudhakar Mhatre who started his business around the same time. One of the earliest kiosks selling vada pav is said to be Khidki Vada Pav, located in Kalyan. It was started in the late 1960s by the Vaze family, who used to hand out vada pavs from a window (Khidki) of their house facing the road.
The carbohydrate-rich snack catered to the cotton mill workers of what was then known as Girangaon. This potato dumpling (batata vada) placed inside a pav was quick to make, cheap (~10-15 paisa in 1971), and much convenient over the batata bhaji and chapati combination, which couldn't be eaten in overcrowded local trains.
The closing of textile mills in central Mumbai led to turmoil in the 1970s. Shiv Sena, the homegrown party formed during this transformative time, based itself as a party with Mill workers' interests. The party chief, Balasaheb Thackeray encouraged Marathi people in the 1960s to become entrepreneurs, i.e. start food stalls in ways similar to the South Indians setting up Udupi restaurants. Shiv Sena attempted to physically and ideologically claim the streets through agitations as well as neighborhood-level events such as Vada pav sammelan (Vada pav jamboree). This theme has continued even in the recent years, e.g. the 2009 introduction of Shiv vada pav.
There are over 20,000 stalls selling vada pav in Mumbai. Mumbai alone has many variations of the food based on the locality. Large fast food restaurant chains such as Kunjvihar Jumbo King in Mulund and Goli Vada Pav also primarily serve vada pav. Outside of Mumbai, a variant of vada pav is pav vada which is famous in Nashik.
Annually, August 23 is celebrated as World Vada Paav Day.
A boiled potato is mashed and mixed with chopped green chilli and garlic, mustard seeds, and spices (usually asafoetida and turmeric). The mass is then shaped into a ball, dipped into gram flour batter and deep fried. The resultant fritter is served by placing inside a bread bun, accompanied with one or more chutneys and fried green chilli.
The Chennai Silks

The Chennai Silks is chain of retail textile shops in South India.
Its founder Thiru. A. Kulandaivel Mudaliar, who was living in a village near Avinashi, entered the business in 1962. However its first textile shop was started in Tirupur in 1991 as "Kumaran Silks" later renamed as "The Chennai Silks" in 2001. They also export clothes for chain stores in the United States and Europe including Decathlon, Carrefour and Hanes.
In 2007, a Guinness world record - "most expensive silk saree" was created by Chennai Silks. It was worth about $100,021; £50,679 (worth ₹41 lakhs) and features reproductions of 11 famous paintings by the Indian artist Raja Ravi Varma. The main image is a reproduction of Raja Ravi Varma's Galaxy of Musicians. It took around 4760 hours to complete the design.
Tata Textiles

Tata Textile Mills was a textile mills business of Tata Group, with its head office in Bombay. It consisted of four textile mills; namely, Central India Mills also popularly known as Empress Mills in Nagpur, the Svadeshi Mills in Bombay, the Tata Mills in Bombay, and the Advance Mills in Ahmedabad. For several decades the four mills produced and sold fabrics under the much-reputed brand name of Tata Textiles.
Tata made its first entry into manufacturing and industry in 1874, when it founder, Jamsetji Tata, started The Central India Spinning, Weaving and Manufacturing Company in Victoria Mills, later renamed Empress Mill when Queen Victoria was proclaimed Empress of India on 1 January 1877. In 1887, Jamsetji purchased the failing Dharamsi Mills located at Kurla, renamed it Svadeshi Mill, and made it a success, with its produced cloth extensively exported to China, Korea, Japan, and the Levant. The Ahmadabad Advance Mills began its operation in 1903.
Jointly, Tata mills were one of big producers of cotton textiles in India until the 1980s. The four mills of Tata Textiles produced about 150 million metres of cotton and other cloth annually in 1972, having 325,000 spindles and 6845 looms. Tatas gradually exited from textile business, from the 1980s, selling Nagpur-based Empress Mills in 1986, which was taken over by Maharashtra State Textile Corporation, which closed it, in 2002. In 1990 they exited from 87 year old New Ahmadabad Advance Mills, which was sold to Phulchand Exports. The Tata Mill at Parel was taken over by National Textile Corporation. Tata Housing Development Company was reported to be gaining possession of a large area of land in the heart of Mumbai, which had been in possession of the defunct National Textiles Corporation-run Tata Mills at Parel. While Svadeshi Mill wound up after it went to BIFR, in 1997, and the Shapoorji Pallonji Group has since waged a legal battle, as its chief creditor. So, by 1997, Tata Textile Mills wound up all its business.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International School of Textiles & Management

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International School of Textiles and Management (SVPITM) is an autonomous institution under the Indian Ministry of Textiles. It was established on December 24, 2002, in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu and is approved by AICTE. Its courses focus on textiles and textile management education.
There is no permanent director for this institute.
The current director is C. Rameshkumar, who has published 50 plus papers in Indian and international journals. He has conducted research work on the cut resistance behaviour of DREF yarn fabrics. He previously served at Parisutham Institute of Technology and Science, Thanjavur as Director of Academics.
When Rameshkumar's term as a director is over, he will be succeeded by MK Gandhi who is currently acting director. Gandhi previously worked in NIFT in Chennai.
SVPITM has been identified as the nodal centre for conducting workshops on technical textiles by the Government of Tamil Nadu.
Rated as good in the survey by Business India Rated by A4 by Indian Management
In February 2020, nearly 100 students petitioned against then district collector K. Rajamani during the grievances redress day meeting. They demanded the merger of the institute with the Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN). The students alleged that the Ministry of Textiles had not issued any order to CUTN despite approval from a Cabinet Committee. The aggrieved students boycotted classes for two weeks in protest.
Second-hand shop

A second-hand shop is a shop which sells used goods. Secondhand shops are often part of the different parts of the reuse or Circular economy. Different formats of second-hand shop exist, selling in different formats and type of content: from antique stores, to consignment, and various types of thrift or charity shop, where the used goods are sold.
The format of selling second hand goods in a shop, is not ubiquitous: the cost of operating a physical location alongside the need to handle large inventory, sometimes means that resellers opt for temporary venues like Flea market, garage sales or temporary pop-up type sales.
Some goods have always had a vibrant second hand market that allow for the creation of permanent venues, such as antiques and books. With the advent of social movements focused on reuses in the 21st century, such as the sustainable fashion movement, other goods have become more economical for specialized stores focused on their resale.
People will sell used goods right in front of their home in what is called a "garage sale". The products would be set up in front of the garage.
In the UK, people buy and sell at a car boot sale. Sellers will drive their vehicles to a large field, laden with products both used and new, and sell out of their boot.
Similarly regular Flea markets generate
Singeing (textiles)

Singeing is a preparation method of textiles; it is applied more commonly to woven textiles and cotton yarns where a clean surface is essential. Singeing in textiles is a mechanical treatment or finish to obtain a neat surface of the fabric or less hairy yarn. In a singeing machine, the yarns or fabrics are exposed to direct flames or to the heated plates to burn the protruding fibers. It is also called "gassing."
Singeing is a surface finishing procedure that is followed by mercerising, dyeing, printing, and other textile manufacturing steps. When Greige goods leave the loom, they may have a downy appearance with protruding fibers, which is undesirable for printed goods. The application takes place on loom goods or the yarn stage itself. Singeing is an application of direct flame onto the surface of yarn or fabric. Cotton yarn is produced with discrete length fibers. Shot fibers inevitably tend to show less spinnability and result in a hairy surface in yarn and subsequently in fabric. Hairy fabrics are less desirable than the clean ones. Singeing burns those protruding fibers that are lying out and produce a clean surface.
Singeing improves the surface appearance by removing fuzzy fibers and improves luster, and the pilling. The smoother and cleaner yarns break less frequently, which increases the fabric's productivity in weaving (or on the loom or knitting machine) and quality as well.
Using improper methods when singeing the fabric may result in reduced strength. Yellowing of the material due to over exposure may also occur.
Singeing may affect the properties and quality of synthetic and blended fabrics since they are thermoplastic and can melt.
Biopolishing is an alternative method that is an enzymetic treatment to clean the surface of cellulosic fabrics or yarns. It is also named ''Biosingeing.'' Cellulosic degradation of protruding fibers makes the surface clean.
The term "gassing" is commonly used in relation to yarn. This process involves burning protruding fibers on the yarn (rather than the woven fabric) using direct flame. Gassing can be more efficient (though more costly, as more material is lost) than singeing, as in the latter, only the hairs protruding from the fabric are burned off.
Rujak

Rujak yaiku salah sijiné panganan tradhisional kang lumrahé digawé saka irisan utawa parutan woh-wohan utawa janganan kang dibumboni sambel. Rujak asalé saka Indonésia semana uga ana ing tlatah Malaysia lan Singapura. Rujak ana ing tlatah Jawa Tengah uga diarani Lothék. Sambel rujak jinisé ana loro, yaiku sampel dulit (kenthel) lan sambel èncèr (kuah). Sambel rujak digawé saka bumbu uyah, gula jawa utawa gula abang, lombok abang utawa lombok jempling (rawit), trasi, bawang, lan Asem jawa sok diarani karan asem kawak. Ana uga kang ditambahi jeruk purut lan petis. Banjur bumbon iku diuleg ana ing cowèk nganti lembut, banjur dicampur irisan utawa parutan woh-wohan utawa sayuran. Rujak ana ing tlatah jawa, lumrahé diwadhahi pincuk saka godhong gedhang lan dibitingi nganggo sada (balung godhong klapa).
Ing Malaysia lan Singapura ana panganan sing jenengé mèmper rujak yaiku mamak rojak utawa pasembo sing asalé saka India. Panganan mamak rojak iki bahan lan rasané rada béda karo rujak, amarga ana bahan liya kaya déné: tahu, kenthang, taugé, endhog, timun, dadi luwih cedhak karo gadho-gadho.
Woh-Wohan kang bisa di gawé rujak antarané yaiku:
Macem-maceme rujak:
Rujak duduh pindhang

Rujak duduh pindhang iku campuan antawis woh-wohan seger mirip salad legi utawa salad gula . Tuladha woh-wohan sing dipigunakaké padha karo salad gula kaya ta bengkuang, kates, dhondhong, timun, blimbing, lan liya-liyané. Woh-wohan iki dioncèki lan banjur dicithak dadi rajangan cilik. sing mbedakaké saka salad biasa yaiku gegenep, yaiku dhudhuh sing digawé saka iwak, uyah, tempe, lan lombok abang . Kabèh bahan gegenep kasebut digiling nganti alus, nanging ora ana banyu sing diwenehaké amarga campuran karo kecap pindhang (duduh kaldu iwak).
Pisanan, lombok, terasi lan uyah diuleg nganti alus. Sawisé alus, saos kecap ditambahaké ing pindhang kasebut. Banjur pindhang saos wis diudhak supaya rempah-rempah sing apik lan dianggo campuran rasané saus pindhang bisa ènak. Banjur woh-wohan sing dicampur kasebut dicithak cilik-cilik. Pungkasané yaiku woh diudhak supaya saus pedhes bisa disirep. Racaké salad iki dilebokaké ing mangkuk utawa piring.
Bionico

Bionico minangka panganan cuci mulut populer ing Meksiko sing diwiwiti ing kutha Guadalajara ing Jalisco, Meksiko, ing wiwitan taun 1990an. Intine yaiku salad buah sing kalebu macem-macem woh-wohan sing disigar dadi kubus cilik, disiram krema banjur diwenehi granola, klapa abon, kismis lan kadang madu . Woh jinis apa wae bisa digunakake, nanging umume diolah nganggo pepaya, cantaloupe, madu, strawberry, apel lan pisang .
Tembung crema yaiku basa Spanyol kanggo krim, ing kasus iki "crema" biasane campuran susu kental lan krim asem, sanajan ana macem-macem resep (sawetara kalebu yogurt). Ana variasi salad liyane sing nggunakake keju kotej tinimbang crema. Variasi iki biasane disajikake karo madu ing ndhuwur.
Ambrosia

Ambrosia minangka macem-macem salad buah Amerika . Umume resep ambrosia ngemot kaleng (asring digawe manis) utawa nanas seger, irisan jeruk mandarin kalengan utawa bagean oranye seger, marshmallow miniatur, lan klapa . Bahan-bahan liyane bisa uga kalebu macem-macem woh-wohan lan kacang-kacangan: ceri maraschino, pisang, stroberi, anggur sing dikupas, utawa pecan remuk. Ambrosia uga kalebu bahan mayones utawa susu: krim kocok (utawa topping whipped ), krim asem, keju krim, puding, yogurt, utawa keju pondok .Campuran bahan digawe adhem kanggo sawetara jam utawa sewengi sadurunge disedhiyakake supaya rasa bisa lebur.
Lombok loncèng

Lombok lonceng (uga dikenal minangka mrico manis, mrica Capsicum /ˈkæpsᵻkəm/ ) iku woh saka tanduran ing Grossum klompok kultivar saka spesies Capsicum annuum . Kultivar tanduran ngasilake woh-wohan kanthi warna-warna, kalebu abang, kuning, oranye, ijo, putih, lan ungu. Mrica lonceng terkelompok karo macem-macem jinis mrico sing kurang pedhes minangka "mrica manis". Nalika minangka woh - wohan - botani diklasifikasikake minangka woh wohan beri - umume digunakake minangka bahan sayuran utawa sajian .
Mrica asale saka Meksiko, Amerika Tengah, lan Amerika Selatan sisih lor. Wiji mrica diimpor menyang Spanyol ing taun 1493 lan banjur nyebar liwat Eropa lan Asia. Kultivar lada lada ringan dikembangake ing taun 1920-an, ing Szeged, Honggari . Kondisi mrica sing luwih disenengi yaiku mrica kalebu anget, lemah lembab ing suhu 21 to 29 °C (70 to 84 °F) .
Werna mrica sing paling umum yaiku ijo, kuning, oranye lan abang. Luwih jarang, mrica coklat, putih, lavender, lan ungu tuwa katon saka macem-macem. Biasane, woh-wohan sing durung mateng wernane ijo utawa, umume, kuning pucat utawa ungu. Mrica lonceng abang minangka mrica ijo sing mateng, sanajan macem-macem Permagreen njaga warna ijo sanajan wis mateng. Kaya ngono, mrica warna campuran uga ana sajrone proses mateng.
Kaya tomat, lada lada minangka woh-wohan botani nanging sayuran kuliner. Bagéyan mrica lonceng umume digunakake ing salad kebon lan minangka topping ing pizza utawa keju . Ana macem-macem jinis mrico boneka sing disiapake nggunakake mrico lonceng utawa setengah. Mrica lonceng (lan kultivar Capsicum annuum liyane ) bisa digunakake ing produksi paprika rempah-rempah.
China minangka produsen lonceng lan cabai paling gedhe ing donya, banjur Meksiko, Turki, Indonesia, lan Amerika Serikat.
Saos pedhes legi

Saus cabai manis (uga dikenal minangka saus cabai manis Thailand ), uga dikenal minangka nam chim kai ing Thailand ( Thai: น้ำจิ้มไก่ ; secara harfiah "saus celup kanggo pitik"), minangka bumbu saus cabai sing populer ing masakan Thailand, Afghanistan, Malaysia, lan Barat. Biasane digawe nganggo mrica cabai abang (asring 'Fresno Chili', jalapenos Thailand utawa abang), cuka anggur beras, kadang papak, kadang-kadang saus iwak, lan bahan manis kaya ta woh utawa gula utawa madu sing wis disaring. Iki misuwur nalika dicelupake ing restoran restoran Cina Eropa kaya ta roti bakar udang, gulung endhog, bungkus salad, swiwi pitik lan gulung musim semi . Uga bisa dituku kanthi bentuk botol. Ing Australia, Selandia Baru, Eropa, Kanada, lan Amerika Serikat, "Saus cabai manis Thailand" kasedhiya minangka bumbu ing pirang-pirang toko lan supermarket.
Kuwé pelem

Kue pelem utawa kue sifon mangga, yaiku kue sifon lapis Filipina sing diinfisi mangga Carabao sing wis mateng. Biasane ditambah karo es krim pelem, irisan mangga seger, utawa mangga murni ing gulaman utawa gelatin . Topping umum liyane kalebu krim, krim keju, lan coklat. Uga umume roti lapis irisan manggis ing antarane lapisan kasebut. Iki minangka salah sawijining varian kue sing paling populer ing Filipina, ing endi mangga akeh saben taun. Versi komersial uga kasedhiya ing rantai roti gedhe kayata Red Ribbon Bakeshop lan Goldilocks Bakeshop, uga resep individu saka restoran, asring duwe jeneng unik. Mirip banget karo crema de mangga (utawa "pelampung pelampung"), kajaba kue mangga nggunakake lapisan kue sifon dudu broas utawa krupuk graham . Kaloro resep kasebut bisa uga dikombinasikake.
Kaya ing kue ube, kue mangga uga bisa digawe kaya bentuk kue mamon tradisional Filipina, kayata piano ( gulung Switserlan ).
Pelem kemambang

Pelem kemambang utawa crema de mangga minangka panganan cuci mulut kue es Filipina sing digawe nganggo lapisan ladyfingers ( broas ) utawa krupuk graham, krim kocok, susu kental, lan mangga karabao sing wis mateng. Wis adhem nganti sawetara jam sadurunge disajikake, sanajan bisa uga dibekukan kanggo menehi konsistensi kaya es krim. Iki minangka varian modern saka kue crema de fruta tradisional Filipina. Kutha iki uga dikenal kanthi maneka warna jeneng kaya kulkas cake mango, mango Graham url, mango royale, lan cake mango icebox, antara liya. Crema de mangga minangka versi liya sing uga nggunakake custard lan gulaman (agar) utawa gelatin, kaya ing crema de fruta asli.
Float mangga uga bisa digawe nganggo macem-macem woh-wohan liyane kayata stroberi, nanas, pisang, lan ceri, lan liya-liyane. Gabungan woh-wohan sing beda ngasilake versi sing luwih cedhak karo crema de fruta asli.
Pelem

Pelem iku jeneng sajenis woh, mangkono uga jeneng wité. Pelem kalebu ing marga Mangifera, kang kapérang saka 35-40 anggota, lan suku Anacardiaceae. Jeneng ngèlmiahé yaiku Mangifera indica.
Genus Mangifera duwé 62 ''spésies'', ananging kang ngasilaké woh kang énak mung 16 species. Pelem kang dipangan awaké dhéwé saben dina, kaya ta pelem golèk kalebu species Mangifera indica L.
Wit pelem kalebu tetuwuhan tingkat dhuwur kang struktur watangé éwoning ''arboreus'', yaiku tetuwuhan kayu kang dhuwuré watang punjul 5 m. Dhuwuré wit pelem bisa nganti 10–40 m lan umuré bisa tekan 10 taun utawa luwih. Pelem kang isih nom biayasané disenengi wong meteng.
Pelem iku kalebu tuwuhan woh taunan kang asalé saka nagara India. Tuwuhan pelem banjur nyebar ing tlatah Asia Tenggara, kalebu Malaysia lan Indonésia.
Klasifikasi botani pelem yaiku: Divisi: Spermatophyta Sub divisi: Angiospermae Kelas: Dicotyledonae Kulawarga: Anarcadiaceae Genus: Mangifera Spesies: Mangifera spp. Jinis pelem kang akèh ditandur ing Indonésia yaiku ''Mangifera indica L''. Contoné pelem arumanis, golék, gedhong, manalagi lan cengkir lan ''Mangifera foetida'' kaya ta kemang dan kweni.
Pusat tuwuhan pelem ing Pulo Jawa yaiku ing Probolinggo, Indramayu, Cirebon. Tuwuhan pelem cocog urip ing laladan kanthi mangsa kering kurang luwih 3 sasi. Mangsa kering iki dibutuhaké sadurungé lan yèn wayah ngembang. Yèn ditandur ing laladan kang lembab, tuwuhan pelem bakal kena serangan ama lan lelara. Saliyané iku bisa rontok kembang lan wohé yèn ngembangé wayah udan utawa mangsa rendheng.
Pelem kang mateng bisa langsung dipangan dadi buah, rasané kang legi lan seger, dagingé kang empuk gawé wong akèh kang seneng pelem. Pelem kang isih nom bisa diawetké kanthi kadar gula kang akèh dadi manisan basah lan kering. Pelem kang durung mateng diarani kepoh, bajangan.
Pelem duwé akèh variétas. Kurang luwih ana 2.000 jinis pelem ing donya. Saliayané rasané kang legi lan seger, pelem uga duwé khasiat kang migunani kanggo kaséhatan. Woh pelem duwé zat-zat kang dibutuhaké awak.
Ketan pelem

Nasi pelem ( Thai: ข้าวเหนียวมะม่วง , RTGS: khaoniao mamuang, kocapan [kʰâ(ː)w.nǐa̯w mā.mûa̯ŋ] ; Malayu: pulut mangga ) yaiku salah sawijining olahan panganan cuci mulut tradisional Thailand sing digawe sega ketan, mangga seger lan santen, lan dipangan nganggo sendok utawa tangan uga kadang-kadang. Sanajan asale ing Thailand, dikonsumsi ing saindenging wilayah Indochina lan Asia Tenggara lan Asia Kidul, kalebu Laos, Kamboja, Vietnam, India lan Bangladesh. Sega ketan mangga biasane dipangan ing mangsa manggis paling dhuwur, wulan panas wulan April lan Mei ing Thailand. Toko beras ketan mangga sing terkenal ing Bangkok kayata lingkungan Wong Wian Yi Sip Song Karakadakhom ing Pom Prap Sattru Phai cedhak Hua Lamphong, sing mung bakal adol suwene 4 wulan (Februari nganti Juni), lan ing lingkungan Samphrang ing Phra Nakhon cedhak Giant Swing lan Chao Por Suea Joss House, kanthi Ban Mo cedhak Persimpangan Si Kak Phraya Si lan Pak Khlong Talat .
Nokia Lumia 610

Nokia Lumia 610 ya iku tilpun sélulèr kang diprodhuksi déning pabrikan Nokia. Sèri iki kawanuhaké ing Fèbruari taun 2012, wiwit dipasaraké April taun 2012 lan duwé ukuran 119 x 62 x 12 mm déné boboté 131.5 gram. Layaré TFT capacitive touchscreen, 65K werna ukuran 3.7 inchi kanthi résolusi 480 x 800 piksel. Nokia Lumia 610 nggunakaké sistem operasi Microsoft Windows Phone 7.5 Mango. Kanggo sesukan, uga ana game. Nokia Lumia 610 dipirantèni kodhak 5 MP lan fitur LED flash,autofocus,. Ringtone ing tilpun iki jinis lan suwara WAVuga saka MP3. Kanggo sesambungan lewat tulisan, bisa nggunakaké sarana SMS, MMS, email. Batréné bisa dicopot, nganggo jinis Li-Ion kapasitas on 1300 mAh kanthi nomer sèri BP-3L lan bisa kanggo nganti 670 jam (2G) / 720 jam (3G) nalika standby lan tahan 10 jam 30 menit (2G) / 9 jam 30 menit (3G) nalika kanggo nélpon. Déné kanggo sesambungan, tilpun iki nggunakaké jaringan GSM.
Somay

Siomay (uga Somay ), yaiku pangsit iwak kukus Indonesia kanthi sayuran sing disajekake saos kacang . Asale saka Cina Shumai . Iki dianggep minangka panganan entheng sing kalebu jinis dim sum Cina, nanging bentuk kerucut. Biasane digawe saka daging babi, nanging asring diganti daging tenggiri ( mackerel Spanyol ) kanthi alesan halal. Kadhangkala jinis panganan laut liyane kayata tuna, mackerel, lan udang uga bisa digunakake kanggo nggawe siomay.
Tambahan kanggo siomay yaiku kubis kukus, kentang, labu pahit, endhog rebus, lan tahu . Siomay dirajang dadi ukuran cokotan lan dicampur karo saus kacang, kecap manis, saos cabai lan jus jeruk nipis.
Roti lapis pitik pedhes

Sandwich pitik pedhes yaiku salah sawijining jinis olahan roti isi sing digawe saka dhadha putih tanpa balung pitik sing rotine dibumbui karo campuran mrico lan rempah-rempah. Bumbu sing umum kalebu bubuk bawang putih, bubuk bawang bombay, oregano, paprika asap, cayenne, uyah, mrico retak, jus jalapeno, lan serpihan mrico abang sing ditumbuk, sing diudhek ing remah roti. Ayam bisa brined yen dikarepake lan banjur dicelupake ing sauce panas lan / utawa buttermilk lan endhog, breaded karo glepung, cornstarch, breadcrumbs, rempah-rempah, etc.; lan banjur dipanggang, dimasak kanthi tekanan, utawa digoreng nganggo lenga kayata lenga kacang utawa lenga canola . A smoky, saus cabe utawa sriracha mayo utawa nyebar karo bahan kayata mayonnaise, sauce Dijon, jus lemon, wiji celery, jus pickle, sauce panas, lan mrico ireng anyar lemah, bisa digunakake. Umume sandwich pitik disedhiyakake ing gulungan kaiser kanthi topping kaya mayo, selada es, tomat, kubis sing disigar, irisan acar roti lan mentega, coleslaw, utawa keju Monterey Jack .
Zhug

Zhug yaiku sawijining olahan jinis sambel pedes saka Yaman langsung tlatah Arab.
Zhug iki saka mrico panas abang utawa ijo sing bumbu ketumbar, bawang putih, uyah, cumin ireng (opsional) lan macem-macem rempah-rempah, banjur dicampur karo minyak zaitun. Sawetara uga nambah winih caraway, kapulaga, lan mrica ireng .
Kaéng tai pla

Kaeng tai pla ( Thai: แกงไตปลา , kocapan [kɛ̄ːŋ tāj plāː] ) yaiku kari masakan Thailand sisih kidul. Jeneng Aepycamelus kuwi asalé saka tai pla, saus asin digawe saka iwak difermentasi karo isi weteng, kang menehi kare mambu kuwat lan rasa.
Kaeng tai pla iku kari sing pedhes banget; nduweni rasa gurih sing kuat banget. Utamane digawe nganggo iwak lan janganan. Kadhangkala kalebu urang lan varian tartamtu nggunakake santen tinimbang banyu.
Bahan-bahan sajian sing biasa dienggo kalebu tunas pring, terong, terong kacang polong, kacang yardlong lan lombok seger. Janganan liyane sing digunakake kanthi alternatif yaiku Parkia speciosa, jagung bayi, waluh lan uga kentang yen tunas pring ora kasedhiya. Biyen, mung iwak bakar panggang sing digunakake ing kari tanpa ditambahake sayuran amarga rasa legi alami sing dimasak ora dikarepake.
Malih, sing sauce tai pla, kang nyumbang nemen kanggo mambu lan rasa sawijining ciri, uga loro garing lan seger mrica, trasi urang, kunir, galangal rodok kurang, lemongrass, kaffir jeruk lan godhong, shallots lan papak .
Yukgaejang

Yukgaejang ( Hangul: 육개장 ,肉개醬) utawa daging sapi sup pedhes ya iku sop pedhes Korea kang digawé saka daging sapi suwir lan brambang. Yukgaejang bagéan saka gom guk utawa sup kenthel sing mauné dihidhangke ing masakan kadhaton Korea. Hidhangan iki dianggep sehat lan kondhang amarga panas lan pedhes.
Saliyané daging sapi suwir, brambang, lan banyu, sajian iki biasané uga kalebu togé, gosari, torandae, irisan bawang bombay dangmyeon (mi kenthang legi), wêdakakêna chili, papak, wiji perilla (uga diarani wiji wijen liar), kecap, minyak (minyak wijen lan/utawa minyak sayur), mrica ireng, lan uyah. Yukgaejang biasané disajikaké karo sakulasan beras lan kimchi.
Rujak soto

Rujak soto is an Indonesian traditional salad made up of unique blend between beef soto and rujak cingur. A local speciality in which the vegetables (water spinach and bean sprouts) rujak served with lontong rice cake in petis sauce poured with soto soup. It is a delicacy of Javanese (Osing) from Banyuwangi, East Java. Generally, rujak soto is served along with es temulawak—that made up of Curcuma zanthorrhiza.
Rujak soto was created by Usni Solihin in 1975.
Ulam (salad)

Ulam is a traditional salad produced from the fresh leaves, vegetables or fruits which can be eaten raw or after soaked in hot water e.g. Centella asiatica. It is typically eaten with sauces such as anchovies, cincalok or sambal. It is recognised as a popular vegetable dish in traditional villages.
Ulam can be eaten simply as it is such as cucumber, cabbage and longbean. Another type of ulam is traditional ulam, in which it is used more as an ingredient, such as in nasi ulam (ulam rice), nasi kerabu (a type of bluish-coloured rice) and cooking with other vegetables. It also has its uses in Ayurvedic and traditional medicine, such as diabetes and high blood pressure.
Alphonso mango

The Alphonso mango is a named mango cultivar that originates from India. In the UK in 2012 it was considered one of the most prized mangoes, known for its exquisite saffron-coloured flesh that could be eaten raw or used in dishes and desserts.
The variety is named after Afonso de Albuquerque, a distinguished militarian and viceroy of Portuguese India from 1509 to 1515. Jesuit missionaries introduced grafting on mango trees in Portuguese Goa, to produce varieties like Alphonso. In 1563, Garcia da Orta wrote of Alphonsos grown in Portuguese Bombay, which were to be presented to the governor (viceroy) in Goa. Alphonso is also one of the most expensive varieties of mango, and is grown mainly in the Konkan region of western India. and also grown in the Valsad and Navsari districts of South Gujarat.
The Alphonso mango is a seasonal fruit harvested from end of March through the end of June. The time from flowering to harvest is about 90 days, while the time from harvest to ripening is about 15 days. The fruits generally weigh between 150 and 300 grams (5.3 and 10.6 oz), have a rich, creamy, tender texture and delicate, non-fibrous, juicy pulp. As the fruit matures, the skin of an Alphonso mango turns golden-yellow with a tinge of red across the top of the fruit.
Mango sorbet, ice cream, lassi, soufflé, mousse, and puree are some culinary preparations using Alphonso mangoes.
The Alphonso is prized in domestic and international markets for its taste, fragrance and bright color. It is exported to various countries, including Japan, Korea and Europe.
An import ban imposed in 1989 by the United States on Indian mangoes, including the Alphonso, was lifted in April 2007. However, the mangoes needed to be treated before entering the country in order to stop the introduction of non-native fruit flies, destructive fungi, and other pests that could harm American agriculture. The European Union imposed a ban beginning in April 2014 on import of mangoes after finding "non-European fruit flies" in some consignments, creating a significant threat to UK salad crops. The Indian government had described this decision as arbitrary and businesses claimed they would suffer financial losses due to the ban.
In January 2015, the European Commission lifted the ban following significant improvements in the Indian mango export system.
Waldorf salad

A Waldorf salad is a fruit and nut salad generally made of celery, fresh apples, walnuts, and grapes, dressed in mayonnaise, and traditionally served on a bed of lettuce as an appetizer or a light meal. The apples, celery, and grapes can all be green, which harmonizes the color palette of the dish.
Waldorf salad is named for the Waldorf-Astoria hotel in New York City, where it was first created for a charity ball given in honor of the St. Mary's Hospital for Children on March 13, 1896. The Waldorf-Astoria's maître d'hôtel, Oscar Tschirky, developed or inspired many of the hotel's signature dishes and is widely credited with creating the salad recipe. In 1896, the salad appeared in The Cook Book by "Oscar of the Waldorf".
The original recipe was just apples, celery, and mayonnaise. It did not contain nuts, but they had been added by the time the recipe appeared in The Rector Cook Book in 1928.
An American guest demanding a Waldorf salad featured prominently in a 1979 episode of the British sitcom Fawlty Towers. The salad is mentioned in the Cole Porter song "You're the Top".
Other ingredients such as chicken, turkey, and dried fruit (e.g., dates or raisins) are sometimes added. Updated versions of the salad sometimes change the dressing to a seasoned mayonnaise or a yogurt dressing. Modern Waldorf salad may also include the zest of oranges and/or lemons. Variations include a peanut butter and yogurt base, and one that replaces celery with cauliflower.