davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Great Escape (South Korean TV series)

Great Escape (Korean: 대탈출; RR: daetalchul; MR: Taet'alch'ul) is a South Korean comedy reality show that premiered on tvN on 1 July 2018. The show features large-scale themed escape rooms, with a team of celebrities (Kang Ho-dong, Kim Jong-min, Shindong, Yoo Byung-jae, Kim Dong-hyun and P.O) finding clues and solving puzzles in order to successfully escape.
The show ran for 4 seasons, featuring the same cast and airing every Sunday at 10:40pm (KST).
The show's slogan is "나가야산다", literally meaning 'escape to survive'.
Each escape challenge has a different theme, and members uncover the storyline by discovering clues as they progress through different areas of the large-scale escape room. New areas are unlocked by finding and solving puzzles or accomplishing tasks, eventually leading the members to the final exit. In addition, members may have to interact with NPCs and/or assist them in order to proceed further. No time limit is stipulated for each challenge, which ends only when all members, and NPCs if any, successfully escape.
The escape locations are kept unknown to the members at the start of each challenge. They are transported there in a bus with blackout windows, and blindfolded before being escorted to the starting point.
Beginning with the second challenge, a team captain (주장 jujang) is assigned before the members arrive at the escape location, based on the best-performing member in the previous challenge.
Rule changes introduced include:
There is no change in the rules from season 2. Between 12 and 26 April 2020, no new episodes were aired as filming of the show was postponed due to COVID-19.
With the tagline of "Post-Earth adventure (탈 지구급 어드벤처)", this season introduced the concept of the DTCU, or Great Escape Universe. This universe contains several running storylines and world settings that string together multiple escape challenges across the four seasons.
In 2019, Mango Television purchased the rights for a Chinese adaptation of the show, titled Great Escape (密室大逃脫), which premiered on 30 March 2019.
In 2023, channel STS released an official Russian adaptation of the format, titled Большой побег, which premiered on 7 March 2023.
In 2022, a program called Thử thách trốn thoát, was aired on channel VTV3 at 9.15 pm every Sunday night.
Punjana

Punjana is a brand of tea produced by the Belfast-based tea company Thompson's Tea. Thompson's Tea was founded in 1896 when Robert S. Thompson was made partner of McArthur and Willis. Thompson's Punjana has since become the best-selling tea in Northern Ireland and one of the most popular brands in Scotland. Thompson's source the leaves for their tea from Assam, Northeast India and from the slopes of Mount Kenya.
In the late 19th century, Robert S. Thompson trained in the art of tea tasting. Soon after joining the tea industry in 1887, he was made a partner at McArthur and Willis in 1896. Thompson subsequently led the company for 51 years, and the association of the company with the Thompson family was only strengthened when, in the post-war years, James and Tony Thompson also became partners.
It was the introduction of the second generation of the Thompson family to the tea industry that brought with it the birth of the Punjana brand in the early 1950s. The name Punjana, was dreamed up by second generation James Thompson and his wife, Lillias, the inspiration coming from an inscription of the word "Punjab" etched on the famous Gillespie statue in Comber.
Disposable tableware

Disposable tableware includes all disposable tableware like
These products are prevalent in fast food restaurants, takeaways, but also for airline meals. In private settings, this kind of disposable products has proven very popular with consumers who prefer easy and quick cleanup after parties, etc.
The market for disposable tableware is huge, with an estimated $7.5 billion in 2012 in the US alone.
A kulhar is a traditional handle-less clay cup from South Asia that is typically unpainted and unglazed, and meant to be disposable. Since kulhars are made by firing in a kiln and are almost never reused, they are inherently sterile and hygienic. Bazaars and food stalls in the Indian subcontinent traditionally served hot beverages, such as tea, in kuhlars, which suffused the beverage with an "earthy aroma" that was often considered appealing. Yoghurt, hot milk with sugar as well as some regional desserts, such as kulfi (traditional ice-cream), are also served in kulhars. Kulhars have gradually given way to polystyrene and coated paper cups, because the latter are lighter to carry in bulk and cheaper.⁠⁠
As is the case for disposable cups, materials used are usually paper, plastic (including expanded polystyrene foam), or plastic-coated paper. Recycling rates are especially low for paper-based products, especially when soiled with (wet and / or oily) scraps due to diminished recyclate quality. The waste problem is aggravated by the fact that most of the utilities themselves come in plastic and thus disposable packaging.
Efforts are made to introduce biodegradable materials like sugarcane, bamboo, wheat straw, palm leaves, or various types of flours (rice, wheat and sorghum). Nevertheless, biodegradable and composable plastics often do not break down in landfill environments.
Good Earth Tea

Good Earth Tea is a tea and herbal tea company. Founded in 1972 under the name Fmali Herb Company and based in Santa Cruz, California, it was one of the first American herbal tea companies during the early 1970s. In the late 1970s, it began to develop trademark teas for Good Earth Restaurants, and launched Good Earth teas in tea bag form to the California grocery market in 1988.
The company has since evolved to include a wide range of teas made with natural ingredients that span all sorts of varietals, herbs, botanicals and flavors.
Good Earth was acquired by Tetley US Holdings Limited in October 2005, which is a subsidiary of Tata Global Beverages. In January 2011, Tata relocated Good Earth from California to New Jersey. During 2011 and 2012, Good Earth Tea launched the "Tag, You're It Contest", a nationwide contest offering fans a chance to submit an original, thought-provoking quote to be used on the tea tags of the brand's flavorful blends.
In November 2013, Tata Global Beverages rebranded Good Earth to diversify it in the competitive tea market. The new "Untamed Tea" brand message and marketing strategy redesigned the brand's website, launched extensive social media outreach, and a celebrity chef partnership. It also included new flavors with new taste profiles, some with stevia, and discontinued older flavors.
In January 2014, Good Earth Tea collaborated with celebrity chef Elizabeth Falkner from Bravo's Top Chef. Falkner's adventurous palate led to the creation of recipes infused with Good Earth Tea.
Good Earth produced over 40 different blends of tea, now concentrating on 14 unique teas. Good Earth teas are available in natural and organic varieties.
Barry's (company)

Barry's (formerly Barry's Bootcamp) is a boutique fitness brand offering high-intensity interval workouts consisting of alternating sessions of cardio and strength training. The company was founded in Los Angeles in 1998. Barry’s currently has more than 70 studios spread across 16 countries, with the majority in the United States.
Barry’s was founded in West Hollywood, Los Angeles in 1998 by Barry Jay, along with his partners, John and Rachel Mumford. The company opened its first studio outside of the United States in 2011, when it debuted in Bergen, Norway.[1] That same year, Barry’s opened its first studio in New York, and in 2013 the company opened its first studio in London.
Barry’s CEO Joey Gonzalez began working at the company in 2003, working his way from up from an instructor. He became CEO in 2015. In 2024, Jonathan (JJ) Gantt was named co-CEO to lead the company alongside Gonzalez. Gantt was previously the company's chief financial officer and later its president before being promoted to co-CEO.
Private equity firm North Castle Partners announced an investment in July 2015 in which they purchased the majority of the company.
Two years later, in 2017, Barry’s began expanding further, opening studios in the American cities Chicago, Dallas, San Francisco, Boston, Atlanta and Washington, D.C., as well as in international cities Toronto, Calgary, Milan, Stockholm, Sydney, and Dubai. In 2019, the Red Room expanded across more cities around the US including Houston, Charlotte, and Philadelphia.
In February 2022, Barry’s launched Barry’s Ride, a lower impact 50-minute class that uses bikes rather than treadmills. Ride is currently offered in West Hollywood, California and New York’s Chelsea neighborhood.- 70 and 14
Barry’s shortened its name from Barry’s Bootcamp in 2019.
According to Bloomberg, Barry’s could be valued at around $700 million.
Classes are either 50 or 60 minutes and consist of alternating intervals of running on treadmills and lifting weights on the floor. Barry’s studios feature loud music and red lighting.
Barry’s was featured in the December 7, 2019 episode of Saturday Night Live. In the sketch, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez auditions to become a Barry’s instructor.
Barry's Bay

Barry's Bay is a community in the township of Madawaska Valley, Ontario, Canada, located two hours west of Ottawa on the shores of Kamaniskeg Lake, with a 2021 population of 1,084.
The Algonquin people named the area Kuaenash Ne-ishing, meaning beautiful bay. They used it as a rendezvous area, often hosting pow wow gatherings.
The first efforts by the authorities of the British colony of Upper Canada to survey the waterways of this area came in 1847, when mapmaker James Haslett visited the area. Haslett noted the presence of an Irish farmer named William Byers living in the area, which may have been transcribed as "Barry's", giving the name Barry's Bay on Haslett's maps. Later residents developed the more colloquial back story that the first permanent structure was built in the late 1850s by a James Barry, a foreman for a lumber company, which the lumberjacks working under Barry took to calling Barry's Camp on the Bay, shortened to Barry's Bay. Together, the details acknowledge the fact that the earliest settlers were loggers and farmers.
By the late 1850s, the authorities of Upper Canada looked to expand colonization in this region by building the Opeongo Line, a series of roads extending westward from Renfrew. Between 1858 and 1910, the area attracted settlers of Irish and Polish descent, with the 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Wilno to Barry's Bay, in particular, receiving a number of Polish settlers.
The Barry's Bay post office was established in 1876, and the town was officially incorporated in 1933.
The town served as a standby base for the Canadian Military during World War II. Local workers and lumbermen were reformed into soldiers to help contribute to the war efforts of Canada.
The historic train station is home of the South of 60 Arts' Centre, host to a variety of arts and craft shows, musical events and festivals. In 2008, the town re-opened the Radcliffe Hills Ski Area for snowboarding and downhill skiing. Barry's Bay was the Central Canada finalist in the 2006 CBC Hockeyville competition.
The community dedicated a park and monument to honour the construction of the Canadian Avro CF-105 Arrow and its chief test pilot, local resident Janusz Żurakowski. The CF-105 was an advanced Canadian designed-and-built interceptor that was instrumental in the advancement of aviation technology in the late 1950s and early 1960s.
Barry's Bay is the site of Our Lady Seat of Wisdom College (OLSWC), an accredited Catholic liberal arts post-secondary institution established in 2000. As of the 2019–2020 school year, OLSWC had a student body of 110 full-time Canadian and international students.
አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርስቲ

አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርሲቲ በአዲስ አበባ፣ ኢትዮጵያ የሚገኝ የመጀመሪያውና ትልቁ የመንግሥት የከፍተኛ ትምህርት ተቋም ነው። አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርስቲ በቀዳማዊ ኃይለ ሥላሴ ዩኒቨርሲቲ ስምነት የኢትዮጵያን የትምህርት ፋናንና ዕርምጃን እንዲያሳይ ታኅሣሥ ፱ ቀን ፲፱፻፶፬ ዓ.ም. ከመመረቁ በፊት፣ መሠረቱ በንጉሠ ነገሥቱ ጥቅምት ፳፫ ቀን ፲፱፻፵፪ ዓ.ም. ተጣለ። ዩኒቨርስቲ ኮሌጅ አዲስ አበባ በመባል ይታወቅ ነበር፤ በኋላም የቀዳማዊ ኃይለ ሥላሴ ዩኒቨርስቲ የሚል ስያሜ የነበረው ሲሆን የዘውዳዊው መንግሥት ሥርዓት ካከተመ በኋላ የተመሠረተው ወታደራዊ መንግሥት አሁን በሚጠራበት ስሙ ሰይሞታል።
አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርሲቲ ዋና አስተዳደሩን ሰድስት ኪሎ በሚገኘው በዋናው ግቢ ያደረገ ሲሆን በአምስት ኪሎ (የቴክኖሎጂ ፋኩለቲ-ሰሜን)፣ በአራት ኪሎ የሳይንስ ፋኩልቲ፣ በስድስት ኪሎ (የቢዝነስና ኢኮኖሚክስ ፋኩልቲ እንዲሁም የኢንፎርማቲክስ ፋኩልቲ)፣ በጥቁር አንበሳ (የህክምና ፋኩልቲ ) በልደታ (የቴክኖሎጂ ፋኩለቲ-ደቡብ)፣ በብሔራዊ (የአዲስ አበባ ንግድ ስራ ኮሌጅ)፣ በሚኒሊክ (የያሬድ ሙዚቃ ትምህርት ቤት)፣ የጥርስ ህክምና ትምህርት ቤት፣ እንዲሁም በደብረዘይት ከተማ የእንሰሳት ህክምና ፋኩልቲን ያስተዳድራል። አዲስ አበባ በስሩ የሚከተሉትን ፋኩልቲዎች እና ኢንስቲቲዩቶች ይዟል፦
የፎክሎር
የኢንፎርማቲክስ ፋኩልቲ በአዲስ መልክ የተመሠረተው በ1994 ዓ.ም. ሲሆን ቀድሞ ሲሳ (ስኩል ኦፍ ኢንፎርሜሽን ስተዲስ ፎር አፍሪካ) በመባል ይታወቅ ነበር። በአሁኑ ሰዓት የኢንፎርማቲክስ ፋኩልቲ በስሩ የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ ትምህርት ክፍልን እና የኮምፒዩተር ሳይንስ ትምርት ክፍልን ይዞአል። ሁለቱም የትምህርት ክፍሎች የባችለርና የማስተርስ ፕሮግራሞች አሉዋቸው።
ኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ ማለት ኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ ማለት ነው?
አዲስ አበባ ስታዲየም

አዲስ አበባ ስታዲየም በአዲስ አበባ፣ ኢትዮጵያ የሚገኝ 35 ሺህ ሰዎችን የሚይዝ ስታዲየም ነው። በአብዛኛው ጊዜ ለእግር ኳስ ግሚያዎች የሚያገለግል ሲሆን የአትሌቲክስ ውድድሮችንም ያስተናግዳል። በ1940 እ.ኤ.አ. የተገነባ ሲሆን ስሙን ከአዲስ አበባ ከተማ ይወስዳል።
9°0′48″N 38°45′23″E﻿ / ﻿9.01333°N 38.75639°E﻿ / 9.01333; 38.75639
አዲስ ከተማ

አዲስ ከተማ በኢትዮጵያ መዲና አዲስ አበባ ካሉት ዐሥሩ ክፍለ ከተሞች ውስጥ አንዱ ነው። እስከ እ.ኤ.አ 2011 ባለው መረጃ መሠረት የሕዝብ ብዛቱ 271, 664 ነው።
አዲስ ከተማ በአዲስ አበባ ሰሜን ምዕራብ አቅጣጫ ላይ የሚገኝ ሲሆን በሰሜን ጉለሌ ፣ በምስራቅ አራዳ ፣ በደቡብ ልደታ እና ደግሞ በምዕራብ ኮልፌ ቀራንዮ ያዋስኑታል። የአፍሪካ ታላቁ ክፍት ገበያ የሆነው መርካቶም በዚሁ ክፍለ ከተማ ውስጥ ነው የሚገኘው።
አዲስ አበባ ብሄራዊ ስታዲየም

የአዲስ አበባ ብሔራዊ ስታዲየም በምስራቅ አዲስ አበባ ፣ ኢትዮጵያ በቦሌ ከተማ የእግር ኳስ ፣ ራግቢ እና አትሌቲክስ ማስተናገድ የሚችል ሁለገብ ስታዲየም ይሆናል። የኢትዮጵያ ብሔራዊ እግር ኳስ ቡድን ብሔራዊ ስታዲየም ይሆናል። ስታዲየሙ 62,000 የመያዝ አቅም ያለው ሲሆን በቻይና ስቴት ኮንስትራክሽን ኢንጂነሪንግ ነው የሚገነባው። ስታዲየሙ ራሱ 37 ሄክታር የሚሸፍን ሲሆን በዙሪያው ልማት ታቅዶ 60 ሄክታር መሬት ላይ ይሸፍናል።
ስታዲየሙ የአለም አቀፍ ጨዋታዎችን ለማስተናገድ የሚያስችል የፊፋ ምርጫዎችን ያካትታል።
Arat Kilo Monument

The Arat Kilo Monument (Amharic: የአራት ኪሎ ሀውልት) is a historic monument located in Adwa St, Arat Kilo, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The monument was built by Emperor Haile Selassie in 1930 during his coronation but removed during the Italian administration in 1936, and was restored in 1949 with decorations. The monument depicts the Ethiopian Lion of Judah at the top.
The Arat Kilo Monument was built by the order of Emperor Haile Selassie during his coronation in 1930. After the Italian occupation in 1936, the monument was toppled. The monument was restored in 1949 after its occupation decorated with reliefs dedicated to the Ethiopian victory during the occupation. The monument depicts the Ethiopian Lion of Judah at the top.
Arat Kilo Monument is located in main intersection of Meyazia 27 Square in Adwa Street area, surrounded by important landmarks, such as the headquarter of Ministry of Education, Addis Ababa University and the Holy Trinity Cathedral.
Hawarden Castle (medieval)

Hawarden Old Castle (Welsh: Castell Penarlâg) is a Grade I listed medieval castle near Hawarden, Flintshire, Wales.
The castle's origins are indeterminate and the oldest fortifications on this site may date back to the Iron Age, later being used as a Norman Motte-and-bailey castle which was reportedly destroyed and replaced in a short period during the 13th century.
The castle played an important role during the Welsh struggle for independence in the 13th century. At Easter 1282, Dafydd ap Gruffudd attacked and captured Hawarden Castle, thereby starting the final Welsh conflict with Norman England, in the course of which Welsh independence was lost. King Edward I's sense of outrage was such that he designed a punishment for Dafydd harsher than any previous form of capital punishment; Dafydd was hanged, drawn, and quartered in Shrewsbury in October 1283.
A sense at the wider outrage caused by Dafydd's attack being made at Easter can be read in the account of the Chronicle of Lanercost;
"...the Welsh nation, unable to pass their lives in peace, broke over their borders on Palm Sunday, carrying fire and sword among the people engaged in procession, and even laid siege [to some places – probably referring to Flint and Rhuddlan]; whose Prince Llywelyn, deceived (more's the pity) by the advice of his brother David, fiercely attacked his lord the King; as we read written about Christ, 'him whom I loved most hath set himself against me.'"
In 1294 the castle was captured during the revolt of Madog ap Llywelyn.
After the English Civil War in the 17th century the castle was slighted on the orders of Oliver Cromwell. Its ruins are on the New Hawarden Castle estate and are open to the public on some Sundays, typically the second and fourth Sundays in summertime. The castle was Grade I listed on 2 July 1967. It is also a scheduled monument.
Media related to Hawarden Old Castle at Wikimedia Commons
53°10′51″N 3°01′11″W﻿ / ﻿53.180849°N 3.019770°W﻿ / 53.180849; -3.019770
Tsunami stone

A tsunami stone is a stone monument that warns people to move upwards after a large earthquake to avoid a potential tsunami. They are placed all around the coasts of Japan. Some simply provide this warning, while others list death tolls, are placed near mass graves or say where homes should be built. They have a flat face and some are as high as 3.0 metres (10 ft) tall. Some are over 600 years old and some have aged so much that the characters written on them have disappeared. Most were placed in about 1896 after an earthquake and two tsunamis that year caused about 22,000 deaths. The tsunami stone in Aneyoshi says: "High dwellings are the peace and harmony of our descendants. ... Remember the calamity of the great tsunamis. Do not build any homes below this point."
The stones help remind people, as according to Tohoku University professor Fumihiko Imamura, "It takes about three generations for people to forget. Those that experience the disaster themselves pass it to their children and their grandchildren, but then the memory fades." As some coastal towns have modernised and have built seawalls, some citizens have started ignoring the stones as they have started believing that the sea walls will protect them. Japan lies on the Ring of Fire, which experiences about 80 per cent of the world's major earthquakes and tsunamis. In Japan, about 1,500 earthquakes strong enough to be felt by humans occur every year, with about 18 per cent of the world's earthquakes occurring within the country or in close proximity to it.
The stones are viewed as outdated by many Japanese people. After the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, it was suggested that some tsunami-ruined buildings be preserved to serve as warnings. This is similar to the Hiroshima Peace Memorial which was preserved after the bombing of Hiroshima in 1945.
Korps Brigade Mobil

Korps Brigade Mobil atau salalu disingkek Korps Brimob adolah kasatuan operasi khusus nan basifat paramiliter punyo Polri. Korps Brimob atau Mobrig dikana juo sabagai ciek dari institusi tatuo Polri sabagai panaruih dari Pasukan Polisi Istimewa nan alah baporan untuak mamprakarsai pambantuakan institusi tasabuik. Babarapo tugas utamonyo iyolah pananganan terorisme domestik, pananganan karusuhan, panogaán hukum barisiko tenggi, pancarian dan panyalamatan (SAR), panyalamaikan sandera, dan panjinakan bom (EOD). Korps Brigade Mobil basifat juo sabagai komponen gadang pado Polri nan dilatiah untuak malaksanakan tugas-tugas anti-separatis dan anti-pambarontakan, salalu basamoan jo operasi militer. Korps Brimob tagolong sabagai "Unit Taktis Polisi" (Police Tactical Unit - PTU) dan sacaro operasional basifat kasatuan Sanjato dan Taktik Khusus (SWAT) polisi (tamasuak Densus 88 dan Gegana). Sabalun banamo Brimob, satuan iko parnah banamo Polisi Istimewa pado taun 1944-1946.
Korps Brimob Polri tadiri dari duo cabang iyolah Gegana, dan Palopor. Gegana batugas untuak malaksanakan tugas-tugas operasi kapolisian khusus nan labiah spesifik ajak: Penjinakan Bomb (bomb disposal), pananganan sanjato KBR (Kimia, Biologi, dan Radioaktif), anti-teror (counterterrorism), dan inteligensi. Samantaro, Pelopor batugas untuak malaksanakan tugas-tugas operasi kapolisian khusus nan labiah loweh dan basifat paramiliter ajak pananganan karusuhan/huru-hara (riot control), pancarian dan panyalamaikan (SAR), pangamanan instalasi vital, dan operasi gerilya saroto patampuran utan tabateh.
Pado umumnyo, kaduo cabang iko samo-samo punyo kamampuan taktikal sebagai unit kapolisian khusus: kamampuan pado tugas-tugas pambebasan sandera di area-area parkotaan (urban setting), panggrebekan anggota kriminal basanjato ajak terroris atau separatis, dan operasi-operasi lainnyo nan mandukuang kinerja kasatuan-kasatuan kapolisian umum. Satiok Polda di Indonesia dan Mabes Polri punyo unit pasukan Brimob.
BMW Seri 4

BMW Seri 4 adolah coupé kompak eksekutif nan dibuek dek produsen Jerman BMW. Detail partamo Seri 4 kalua ka umum pado 5 Desember 2012 untuak manggantian coupé seri 3 dangan jajaran seri 4 nan baru untuak pambedo.
Generasi partamo dari Seri 4 tadiri dari bantuak rangko barikuik:
SMA Negeri 4 Bengkulu

SMA Negeri (SMAN) 4 Bengkulu, marupoan salah satu Sikolah Manangah Ateh Negeri nan ado di Provinsi Bengkulu, Indonesia. SMAN 4 Bengkulu berdiri sajak tanggal 20 November 1984 jo namo patamo adolah SMAN 3 Bengkulu nan kamudian mangalami parubahan pado tahun 1997 pado namo manjadi Sikolah Manangah Ateh (SMA) Negeri 4 Kota Bengkulu jo Surek Kaputuihan Kapalo Kantua Wilayah Depdikbud Provinsi Bengkulu Nomor: 034/O/1997 tanggal 7 Maret 1997. Samo jo SMA pado umumnyo di Indonesia maso pandidikan sikolah di SMAN 4 Bengkulu ditampuah dalam wakatu tigo tahun pelajaran, mulai dari Kelas X sampai Kelas XII. Kategori peminatan nan tasadio adolah Ilmu Pangatahuan Alam, Ilmu Pangatahuan Sosial, dan Ilmu Bahasa dari jenjang paminatan mulai pado tahun kaduo sampai tahun katigo maso studi.
Babagai fasilitas dimiliki SMAN 4 Bengkulu untuak manunjang kagiatan baraja maaja. Fasilitas tasabuik antaro lain:
SMA Negeri 4 Bengkulu pado tiok tahun manyalanggarokan Festival SMAPA Fiesta tingkek provinsi basamoan jo parayaan ulang tahun SMA Negeri 4 Bengkulu. Kegiatan nan di helat antaro lain lomba akademik dan non akademik, antaro lain futsal, paskibraka, bola volly putra/putri, debat baso inggirih, fotografer, basket ball, dan hafis Quran.
SMA Negeri 4 mamiliki banyak kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, di antaronyo,
Loaf 'N Jug

Loaf 'N Jug is a chain of convenience stores/gas stations, owned by EG America, headquartered in Westborough, MA. Kroger owned Loaf 'N Jug and its respective brands for over two decades before exiting the convenience store business and selling them to EG Group. Some Kroger supermarket locations, such as King Soopers and Smith's, have retained the Kroger convenience store signage that is still used at Loaf 'N Jug today.
Loaf 'N Jug was founded by five businessmen from southern Colorado. Kroger purchased Loaf 'N Jug in 1986.
Mini Mart (not to be confused with the generalized term nor another EG America subsidiary, Minit Mart) was founded in Casper, WY in 1968 and was bought out by Loaf 'N Jug within two years of the Kroger buyout in 1986. This was about 12 years before relocating the Mini Mart headquarters from Casper to Pueblo in 1998. Starting in 2005, Loaf 'N Jug began converting all the Mini Marts to Loaf 'N Jugs.
In 2006, Kroger reimaged its convenience store brands (Loaf 'N Jug, Kwik Shop, Quik Stop, Tom Thumb, and Turkey Hill Minit Markets) under a common logo. At about the same time, Kroger debranded the gasoline sold at its convenience stores, eliminating Conoco which had been sold at many Loaf 'N Jug locations.
As of 2008, there were 175 Loaf 'N Jug stores, primarily in Colorado and Wyoming with additional stores in Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, and South Dakota. Loaf 'N Jug has since exited Oklahoma.
On February 5, 2018, Kroger announced it was exiting the convenience store business and selling them to EG Group of the United Kingdom for $2.15 billion. The deal closed April 20, 2018. The individual store banners, such as Loaf 'N Jug, retained their imagery and branding. The EG America headquarters was initially established in Cincinnati but was moved to Westborough, MA following the acquisition of Cumberland Farms.
In November 2020, EG Group entered into a binding agreement for the acquisition of 18 locations of Schrader Oil in Fort Collins, Colorado. These locations were re-branded to Loaf 'N Jug following the acquisition.
La Fortuna Waterfall (Costa Rica)

La Fortuna Waterfall (Spanish for "the fortune") is in central Costa Rica, in the Alajuela Province. In Spanish, it is known as Catarata Fortuna. The waterfall drops about 70−75 meters and is at the base of the dormant Chato volcano, about 5.5 km outside of the town of La Fortuna, near the Arenal Volcano. It is fed by the Fortuna River, which travels through the rain forest in the Arenal Mountain range until it plunges over the cliff, forming this waterfall.
The admission is $20 for foreign adults, $9 for Costa Rican adults, and $0 for any children under 8. The paved hike down to the waterfall is over 500 steps along a staircase carved into the hillside. It takes about 10-20 minutes, and there are places to stop and sit if needed. Guests are encouraged to swim in the stream and small rapids below the falls, and there's a lifeguard on duty. There are restrooms and showers in the guest facilities atop the cliff, along with a restaurant and gift shop. It should take 10 minutes to go down and about 20 to get back up to the parking lot. Open from 7:30 am to 4:00 pm.
District 8 Jakarta

6°13′44″S 106°48′26″E﻿ / ﻿6.2288278°S 106.8070871°E﻿ / -6.2288278; 106.8070871
District 8 Jakarta is a mixed development complex of 11 towers and a shopping mall named ASHTA at Sudirman Central Business District, and adjacent to the Sudirman Central Business District and the Senopati area in Kebayoran Baru, South Jakarta, Indonesia. It is developed and owned by Agung Sedayu Group [id] (ASG). The tallest building of this complex is Treasury Tower. Total land area of the complex is about 4.8 hectares. The complex has a retail area of about 15,000 square meters, dubbed Astha shopping mall.
The complex is being developed by Agung Sedayu Group. Most of its buildings were topped out by January 2017. The first Langham Hotel and Residence in Southeast Asia is located in the complex. A serviced apartment building is operated by Oakwood. As of October 2023, the fifth tallest building in Jakarta. Treasury Tower is located within this complex.
Skyscrapers of District 8 Jakarta complex are as follows,
Ashta District 8 (stylized in all caps) is the high-end shopping mall within District 8, officially opened on 11 November 2020. It is managed under ASG's subsidiary, Agung Sedayu Realestat Indonesia (ASRI). The anchor tenants of Ashta are Flix Cinema (an exclusive movie theater chain for ASRI-managed malls, including Mall of Indonesia), The Gourmet by Ranch Market, CS Fresh, and %Arabica café.
Ashta District 8 is well known for its open-air top deck, featuring eco-friendly public space with astonishing view of the skyscrapers within District 8. Many Jakartans flocked into the mall's top deck at dusk or night.
Alan Moore

Alan Moore, ganet d'an 18 a viz Du 1953 e Northampton, zo ur senarioour bannoù-treset hag ur skrivagner saoz. Watchmen, V for Vendetta ha From Hell eo e oberennoù brudetañ e bed ar comics.
Kregiñ a ra Alan Moore da labourat gant tiez-embann breizveuriat a-raok kenderc'hel gant tiez-emban amerikan. Brudet eo evit bezañ an hini bet lakaet ar comics da vezañ meüroc'h ha lennegeloc'h er bloavezhioù 1980. Degaset kalz en deus ivez e keñver stumm ar medium, dre efedoù pajennaozañ ne oant ket bet embannet betek-henn. Levezonet eo bet gant aozerien evel William S. Burroughs, Thomas Pynchon, Robert Mayer hag Iain Sinclair, skrivagnerien skiant-faltaziñ evel Michael Moorcock hag euz evel H.P. Lovecraft, Clive Barker, filmaozerien evel Nicolas Roeg. Er bannoù-treset, devoudus eo bet levezon Bryan Talbot, diaraoger ar vandenn-dreset evit an dud vras, aozer The Adventures of Luther Arkwright.
Hepkigour ha anavezet evit e venoioù anarkour, en em reiñ a ra da anaout evel un hudour hag un azeuler eus Glikon, un doue-naer roman.
Adalek 1996 eo ar CDioù enrolladurioù pezhioù-c'hoari gant e strollad art performance.
Raganv perc'hennañ

Er yezhoniezh e vez implijet an termen raganv perc'hennañ evit komz eus ur raganvioù implijet evit disklêriañ da biv eo un anv-kadarn, da lâret eo ul liamm perc'henniezh. Evel ar raganvioù all ec'h eo seurt raganvioù elfennoù anaforel hag a dalvez evit gallet chom hep adlâret anvioù-kadarn gwezh ha gwezh all en hevelep diviz pe lavarenn, da skouer e saozneg:
E yezhoù 'zo, en o zouez ar saozneg, e vez implijet stummoù ispsial evit ar raganvioù perc'hennañ disheñvel diouzh stumm ar raganvioù all:
E yezhoù zo, evel ar svedeg hag ivez ar yezhoù slavek e reer an diforc'h etre stumm raganv perc'hennañ an trede gour hervez ma vez implijet evel ur raganv emober pe get, da skouer e serbeg:
N'eus ket e brezhoneg raganvioù perc'hennañ ispsiail hag ober a ranker gant savadennoù all diazezet war implij araogennoù zo pe dre implijout ar e raer hep seurt raganvioù "hini" (unander) pe "re" (liester), da skouer:
E yezhoù all c'hoazh n'eus na raganvioù perc'hennañ nag [[Anv-gwan perc'hennañ|anvioù-gwan perc'hennañ. E finneg da skouer e implijer ar raganvioù-gour displeget hervez an troad genitivel implijet evit merkañ liammoù perc'henniezh dre vras, pe c'hoazh dre ouzhpennañ lost-gerioù perc'hennañ, d.s.:
Robin Williams

Robin McLaurin Williams, bet ganet e Chicago (Illinois, SUA) d'an 21 Gouere 1951 hag aet da Anaon e Paradise Cay (Kalifornia, SUA) d'an 11 Eost 2014, a oa un aktour hag ur fentigellour stadunanat.
Nag a filmoù zo bet gantañ ma oa penn-c’hoarier enne, kat da lakaat an arvester da c’hoarzhin pe da ouelañ diouzh ma veze. Dalc’het e vo soñj eus e berzh er film « Dead Poets Society » pe « Kevredigezh ar Varzhed Varv » (e galleg « le Cercle des Poètes Disparus ») bet graet er bloaz 1989. Er film-se e c’hoarias perzh ur c’helenner war ar saozneg, John Keating, en ur skol vrudet e 1959, ur skol e-lec’h e veze stummet skolidi a live uhel. Dont a ra a-benn da aweniñ ha da dommañ skolidi ar Welton Academy ouzh ar varzhoniezh, hag int troet da zont da vezañ kentoc’h mezeien pe ijinourien eget barzhed. Deskiñ a ra dezho penaos karout ar varzhoniezh ha degas kemmoù en o buhezioù dre hanterouriezh ar studi-se. Renet e voe ar film gant Peter Weir ha skrivet gant Tom Schulman. Setu amañ neuze un toullad arroudennoù tennet eus ar film holl vrudet-mañ.
Emañ John Keating o tiskouez skeudennoù klasadoù liseidi gozh d’e skolidi e-kerzh ur gentel varzhoniezh. Ret e eo dezho prederiañ war an amzer-dremenet hag ivez o amzer da zont.
Henry James

Henry James (New York, 15 Ebrel 1843 – Londrez, 28 C'hwevrer 1916) a oa ur skrivagner stadunanat, marvet e Bro-Saoz. Ur skrivagner a bouez e voe e dibenn an XIX kantved ha sellet a reer outañ evel unan eus ar romantourien saoznek vrasañ. Breur e oa d'ar prederour ha psikologour William James ha d'ar skrivagnerez Alice James.
Anavezet eo dreist-holl abalamour d'un toullad romantoù ma teskriv an darempredoù etre Stadunaniz hag Europiz hag o darempred gant ar galloud er gevredigezh. E-touez ar romantoù-se emañ The Portrait of a Lady, The Ambassadors ha The Wings of the Dove.
En e levrioù skrivet diwezhatoc'h e klaskas muioc'h-mui ober gant doareoù-skrivañ nevez. Deskrivañ a rae stad spered an tudennoù hag o emdroadur, evel ma ne veze ket graet kalz gant ar skrivagnerien saoznek betek e vare. Abalamour da se eo bet keñveriet e skridoù gant taolennoù an Impresionourien.
Ouzhpenn romantoù e voe embannet gant Henry James : danevelloù, pennadoù ha levrioù skridvarnerezh, levrioù beaj, pezhioù-c'hoari, arnodskridoù ha kounskridoù. Daoust ma oa bet ganet er Stadoù-Unanet ez eas da chom da Europa, betek ober e annez e Bro-Saoz ha dont da vezañ Breizhveurad e 1915, bloaz a-raok e varv.
Kinniget e voe e anv meur a wech da gaout ar Priz Nobel evit al Lennegezh, e 1911, 1912 ha 1916.
Électricité de France

EDF pe Electricité De France (Tredan Frañs e brezhoneg) a zo ar produer energiezh dredan pennañ e Bro-C'hall hag er bed a bez.
Lodenn an eneregiezh nukleel e-keňver ar broduksion graet gant EDF e bro-c'hall a zo eus 82,2 % e 2014 (73,3 % ma 'vez kontet an holl produerien). Kontet e vez 58 greizenn atomik war an dachenn broadel.
An eil eien tredan a zo hini ar stankoù (war dro 15%), heuliet gant ar greizennoù termek (Eoul maen, gaz ha glaou) (8%) hag an energiezhioù nevez gant (5%).
Krouet eo bet war dro 640 TWh tredan gant EDF e 2012 ma 'vez kontet e broduksion er bed a bez.
Kavet e vez EDF en un 30 bro bennak. Kement war ar produiñ ha war dasparzh.
E Europa :
E Amérika :
E Asia :
D'an 31 a viz kerzu 2013, e veze kontet 1 860 008 468 lodenn dasparzhet evel diskouezet dindan :
Gregor Teurgn

Gregor Teurgn (Georgius Florentius Gregorius e latin, Grégoire de Tours e galleg a vremañ), a voe ganet e Riom, e-tal Clermont war-dro 538, en ur familh eus an noblañs alvernat, hag a varvas e Teurgn war-dro 594, a voe eskob Teurgn er VIvet kantved. Brudet eo e skridoù diwar-benn istor an Iliz, ar Franked, hag Arvern.
E dad Florentius a oa un noblañs arvernat, hag a oa bet senedourien e dad hag e dad-kozh Georgius. E eontr Gallus Clermont a oa bet eskob Clermont (hiziv Clermont-Ferrand, en Alvern). Dre e vamm e oa kar da eskibien Lyon, Sacerdos ha Nizier Lyon, ha da eskibien Langres, Gregorius Langres (anezhañ e teu e anv-badez) ha Tetricus Langres.
Mervel a reas e 594 e Teurgn e lec'h ma oa bet dilennet evel eskob e 593. Lakaet e voe da sant ha lidet e vez e c'houel d'ar 17 a viz Du.
Klasket en deus difenn gwirioù an Iliz pa oa reuz bras etre ar pennoù uhel frank. Mont a reas a-enep Chilperig ha staliañ a reas ar feur-emglev sinet en Andelot etre Childebert II, roue Aostrazia ha Gontran, roue Burgondia (587).
Evel kronikour istorel eo anavezet Gregor a Deurgn p'eo gantañ eo bet savet Historia Francorum (Istor ar Franked) e 40 levrenn.
Buhezskridoù sent zo bet savet gantañ ivez. Ur vammenn a-bouez bras eo Historia Francorum evit istor Breizh er c'hantvedoù kentañ.
Rebechet ez eus bet dezhañ bezañ re domm ouzh e bobl ha neuze barnañ ar Vrezhoned hep neptuegezh, da lavarout eo kavout si enne dalc'hmat.
Decem libri historiarum eo anv al levr, ma venn an oberour kontañ istor ar bed hag an Iliz, adalek amzer ar C'heneliezh betek hini ar Rouaned frank, en Ebrel 591, astennet gant Libri octo miraculorum (Levr ar Burzhudoù) un dastumad buhezioù sent, eus Galia, savet e 574, goude marv Gregor.
Mont a ra an darn vrasañ eus ar skrid gant Galia dindan ar Franked, aneveztoc'h gant gregor eget peurrest ar bed : pemp eus an dek levr, ha Levr ar Burzhudoù ivez, zo gouestlet d'an amzer ma veve an oberour.
Dre al levr-se eo ez eo anavezet istor lestr Soissons.
Edward Gibbon

Edward Gibbon (Putney, Bro-Saoz, 8 a viz Mae 1737 - Londrez, 16 a viz Genver 1794) a oa un istorour hag ur politikour saoz, brudet abalamour m’en deus skrivet The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire ("Istor diskar ha lamm an Impalaeriezh roman"). C'hwec'h levrenn a voe embannet etre 1776 ha 1788. Brudet e voe an oberenn kement hag an aozour anezhi, abalamour d'e stil a zoare, ma oa ditouret-mat ha ma tage ar relijion aozet.
Sellet a reer outañ evel unan eus ar skrivagnerien saoz pouezusañ da Vare ar Sklêrijenn, ha meneget eo bet e labour alies gant ar bolitikourien hag ar skrivagerien a zo deuet war e lerc’h.
Suetrii

Ar Suetrii (e galianeg: *Su(p)etrioi; en henc'hresianeg : Σουητρίοι) a oa ur bobl kelt pe ligur, staliet e tolead Frejus hag Antibes en Oadvezh an Houarn, war-dro ar Iañ kantved kent J.-K.. Salinae e oa o c'hêr-benn.
Meneget int evel Suebri (a-wezhioù suberi, uebri) ha Svetri gant Plinius (Iañ kantved goude J.-K.), evel Souētrōn (Σουητρ...ων; a-wezhioù Σουιντρ...ων, Σουκτρ...ων) gant Ptolemaios (Eil kantved goude J.-K.), ha Suetrio en un enskrivadur.
An anv Suetrii a c'hallfe dont eus *su-(p)etri- e galianeg, a dalvezfe "evned mat" (da geñveriañ gant al latin accipiter)
Engravet e voe o anv war ar monumant anvet Tropaeum Alpium e Turbia, en enor d'an impalaer Augustus, ma'z eo bet merket anvioù ar pobloù trec'het gantañ.
Pawn Stars

Pawn Stars 'zo un abadenn skinwel stadunanat doare "reality show", hag a vez skignet war ar chadenn skinwel History, ha produet gant Leftfield Pictures. Pal an heuliad abadennoù skinwel a zo heuliañ troioù-kaer ur familh perc'henn war ar stal a-eil dorn kement ha brest ouzh gouestl Gold & Silver Pawn Shop e Las Vegas, Nevada. Ar stal a oa bet digoret e 1989.
E penn ar stal e kaver Richard "Old Man" Harrison, e vab Rick Harrison, mab Rick Corey "Big Hoss" Harrison, ha kamalad yaouankiz Corey, Austin "Chumlee" Russell. An abadenn a oa krog d'ar 26 a viz Gouhere 2009.
Steredoniezh

Skiant evezhiañ an oabl hag ar c'horfoù-egor eo ar steredoniezh. Kontet eo da skiant koshañ Mab-Den. Gouiziegezh vat a-fet ar steredoniezh (koublet alies gant ar steredouriezh), a zo bet gant an holl sevenadurioù aet da goll, ha kavet ez eus bet roudoù anezhe e pep seurt doareoù. Dispartiet e vez ar skiant e meur a dachenn : ar steredoniezh a evezhierezh, an astrometriezh, an astrofizik, hag ar gosmologiezh.
An astrofizik a zo ur brank eus ar steredoniezh hag eus ar fizik, ha sellet a ra diouzh aplikadennoù ar fizik er fenomenoù evezhiet gant ar steredoniezh. Evit bremañ, tout ar steredoniourien o deus ur stummadur hir ha resis war an astrofizik, hag o evezhiadennoù a vez studiet en ur genarroud astrofizik, setu n’eus ket kemend-all a gemm ken etre an daou gelenn-mañ.
Taranto

Taranto en italianeg, Tarde e taranteg, Τάρας / Táras e gresianeg, Tarentum e latin), zo ur gumun hag ur gêr eus arvor kreisteiz Italia e pleg-mor Taranto, e rannvro Puglia, gant 199 012 annezad. Kêr-benn proviñs Taranto eo.
Taranto zo ur porzh etre daou vor, ar mor bras (ar Mor Ionian), hag ar mor bihan anvet Mar Piccolo, ul lenn-vor a zo e penn ar ganol : la città dei due mari (kêr an daou vor) a vez graet anezhi. Emañ ar gêr gozh, pe la Città Vecchia, pe Borgo Antico, en un enezenn etre an daou vor-se.
Ur pont-tro daouahelek, anvet Ponte Girevole, digoret e 1887, a zo a-us d'ar ganol. Tennañ a ra d'ar pont kozh anvet Pont National a oa gwechall (1861) e Brest.
Sepia (color)

Sepia is a reddish-brown color, named after the rich brown pigment derived from the ink sac of the common cuttlefish Sepia. The word sepia is the Latinized form of the Ancient Greek words σηπία, sēpía, cuttlefish.
Sepia ink was commonly used for writing in Greco-Roman civilization. It remained in common use as an artist's drawing material until the 19th century. Grisaille is a painting technique developed in the 14th century in which a painting is rendered solely in tones of gray, sepia, or dark green. In the last quarter of the 18th century, Professor Jakob Seydelmann of Dresden developed a process to extract and produce a concentrated form of sepia for use in watercolors and oil paints.
Sepia toning is a chemical process used in photography which changes the appearance of black-and-white prints to brown. The color is now often associated with antique photographs. Most photo graphics software programs and many digital cameras include a sepia tone filter to mimic the appearance of sepia-toned prints.
In the 1940s in the United States, music intended for African American audiences was generally called race music or sepia music until the development of the expression rhythm and blues (R&B). There was a magazine for African-Americans called Sepia, which existed from 1947 to 1983 (although the name Sepia was only applied after a change of ownership in 1953).
Acclaimed Russian director Andrei Tarkovsky used a sepia tone in his 1979 science-fiction film Stalker to visually distinguish scenes set in the ordinary world from the world of the forbidden Zone, which is portrayed in color.
Guise

Guise (/ɡwiːz/ GWEEZ, French: [ɡɥiz]; Dutch: Wieze) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. The city was the birthplace of the noble family of Guise, Dukes of Guise, who later became Princes of Joinville.
The remains of the medieval castle of Guise, the seat of the Dukes of Guise, is within the commune.
Guise is the agricultural centre of the northern area of Aisne.
Guise was the birthplace of Camille Desmoulins (1760–1794), a journalist and politician who played an important part in the French Revolution, and that of Jeanne Macherez who was a heroine during the World War I.
Over a period of 20 years, beginning about 1856, Jean-Baptiste Godin built the Familistery of Guise [fr; de; pt] (the Social Palace), an industrial and communal residential complex that was a separate community within Guise. It expressed many of his ideas about developing social sympathy through improved housing and services for workers and their families, influenced by the ideas of the philosopher Charles Fourier. In 1880 Godin created a cooperative association by which the workers owned and managed the complex. This continued until 1968.
On the 29th of August 1914 the Battle of St. Quentin (1914) was fought in and around the town. A memorial in Guise celebrates this event.
Photographic studio

A photographic studio is often a business owned and represented by one or more photographers, possibly accompanied by assistants and pupils, who create and sell their own and sometimes others’ photographs.
Since the early years of the 20th century the business functions of a photographic studio have increasingly been called a photographic agency leaving the term "photographic studio" to refer almost exclusively to the workspace.
The history of photographic studios and photography dates back to the 1840s with the invention of processes for recording camera pictures, by Henry Fox Talbot and Louis Daguerre. The earliest photographic studios made use of natural daylight to create photographic portraits. As already used by artists, a northern light with no direct sunlight was favoured.
The first use of a "flash" dates back to 1839 when Levett Landon Boscawen Ibbetson used limelight to photograph very small objects. Limelight was produced by placing a piece of lime into a flame fuelled with oxy-hydrogen. Photographic studios started using flashes in 1840 and in 1864 the next technological breakthrough, magnesium wire, became the new artificial light source. However, not everyone could afford it as they were quite expensive and dangerous. These flashes were also known as 'hot lights' and could have exploded. By 1860s they were in common use in professional studios. 'Tungsten Lights' or 'Hot Lights' were still in use. Around the 1870s even smaller studios got access to flash lights or strobes.
People tried many things from time to time when setting up studios to cope up with different hurdles in photography. However, lighting was a big hurdle. Flash powder was the first means of artificial lighting that allowed to produce sufficient brightness to capture the action of the film. However, this industry developed at a faster rate. With advancement in camera lenses, lighting and other techniques and equipment, studio photography gained hold and it became quite easier to produce images within a studio.
The first commercial use of photography was in the production of portraits. Photography replaced painting almost completely from the 1840s, with fully equipped studios in existence. The photography process was much shorter and simpler compared to painting, in which the subject and even the painter used to suffer. It became relatively easy and cheap to set up a photographic studio, so by the 1870s there were many thousands of portrait studios in Europe and America. Despite this, remarkably few of the studios have survived to this day in a recognisable form.
The 'calotypes' process was introduced in 1840s. With the introduction of calotypes the production of negatives enabled the photographers to print as many copies as customer required, hence strengthening the very base for the studios. In 1850s small portraits called 'ambrotypes' were being produced. The exposure time varied between 2 and 20 seconds in comparison to 8 hr long exposure when the first still portrait photograph was taken in 1826.
Fake moustache

A fake moustache or false moustache is an item of prosthetic make-up. Fake moustaches are made in a variety of ways, but usually require a form of adhesive to affix the moustache to the wearer's face.
The use of false facial hair dates back to antiquity. In Ancient Egypt, most men were clean-shaven (real facial hair being a signifier of low social status). Pharaohs, however, often wore elaborate false metal beards, linking them with Osiris, the god of the afterlife. In Ancient Greece, Aristophanes referenced false facial hair in his play Assemblywomen, in which the women of Athens disguise themselves as men using false beards.
False facial hair has been used as a disguise for thousands of years. In particular, women throughout history have used false facial hair to disguise themselves as men, often to gain access to freedoms they were denied as women.
False facial hair has also been used for theater and performance since at least the early modern period. Boy players would often wear false facial hair to appear older onstage.
In the 19th century, fake moustaches held associations with deception and criminality. Lewis Powell, one of the conspirators in the Lincoln assassination plot, carried with him a fake moustache during his assassination attempt on William H. Seward. A key witness, Louis J. Weichmann, commented that he "thought no honest person had a reason to wear a false mustache".
Despite these perceptions, false facial hair was worn for aesthetic reasons during the Victorian era, as facial hair was particularly fashionable during this period.
In the mid-20th century, fake mustaches were sold commercially. The New York Herald Tribune reported in 1963 that customers were primarily "young boys for fun or to 'virilize' themselves" as well as "wives who give them to their husbands".
During the 2010s, fake moustaches surged in popularity, as a humorous, ironic, and retro motif.
In many forms of popular media, the use of a fake moustache as an unconvincing disguise is a commonly-used trope. The "disguised face" emoji (🥸) features a fake moustache, as well as a pair of glasses.
Drawn-on fake moustaches are deployed humorously in graffiti and other artistic means. Marcel Duchamp's artwork L.H.O.O.Q. depicts the Mona Lisa with a moustache. In the 1946 cartoon Daffy Doodles, Daffy Duck draws fake moustaches on everyone she sees.
Many iconic moustaches in popular media have been prosthetic: Charlie Chaplin, Groucho Marx, and David Suchet (as Hercule Poirot) all wore fake moustaches. Marx's moustache, in particular, has gained prominence as the namesake of groucho glasses, novelty glasses with a fake moustache attached.
List of European cities by population within city limits

This list ranks European cities by population within city limits. The largest cities in Europe have official populations of over one million inhabitants within their city boundaries. These rankings are based on populations contained within city administrative boundaries, as opposed to urban areas or metropolitan areas, which necessarily have larger populations than the cities at their core.
The limits of a city proper can differ greatly from the size of the city's urban area, so the figures in this list may not give an accurate view of the comparative population of different urban areas and should be treated with caution. For example, the Paris metropolitan area is the fourth most populous in Europe, but the strict definition of the administrative limits of the City of Paris results in a far lower population.
Brest Bretagne Airport

Brest Bretagne Airport (French: Aéroport de Brest Bretagne) (IATA: BES, ICAO: LFRB), formerly known as Brest Guipavas Airport, is an international airport serving Brest, France. It is located in the commune of Guipavas and 10.2 km (6.4 miles) northeast of Brest, within the département of Finistère.
The main airlines serving Brest are Air France and its subsidiary HOP!, serving for the most part Paris. The airport has grown dramatically over the past decade thanks to charter airlines, as can be seen below.
The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights at Brest Bretagne Airport:
Media related to Brest Bretagne airport at Wikimedia Commons