davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Fabián Saavedra

Fabián Andrés Saavedra Muñoz (n. Chile, 27 de enero de 1992) es un futbolista chileno. Juega como delantero y su actual club es Lautaro de Buin.
Saavedra surgió de las divisiones inferiores de Unión Española, estreno como jugador profesional el 22 de junio de 2011 ante Municipal La Pintana por la Tercera Fase de la Copa Chile. Su equipo (Unión) ganó 0:3 ese partido y el jugador se integró al campo en el minuto 84'. Posteriormente, en el enfrentamiento de vuelta, el delantero anotó su primer gol luego de una asistencia de Martín Ligüera.​ El partido terminó 7:0 a favor de su equipo.​
A comienzos de 2012 Unión Española disputó un partido por la 1.ª fase de la Copa Libertadores, en ese encuentro Fabián Saavedra estrenó su participación en torneos internacionales, comenzó desde el inicio pero fue sustituido en el segundo tiempo del partido.​
Se coronó campeón con la Unión Española en el 2013.​
En 2010 fue nominado a la selección nacional de futsal que disputará el sudamericano de la categoría sub-20,​ donde su equipo no logró superar la fase grupal al no ganar ningún partido.
Brenda Elsey

Brenda Elsey es una historiadora estadounidense conocida por investigar sobre el rol que ha tenido el fútbol,​ la política​​ y los roles de género​​ dentro la Historia Contemporánea de América Latina. Desde 2008, ha sido codirectora del programa de Estudios de América Latina y el Caribe en la Universidad Hofstra. Igualmente, allí dirigió el programa de Estudios de la Mujer de 2009 a 2013.
Ganó el Premio Stessin a la mejor publicación de la facultad en Hofstra. Por otro lado, ha escrito sobre deporte y justicia social en publicaciones de divulgación como «The New Republic», «The Allrounder» o «Sport's Illustrated». Asimismo, junto con académicas como Shireen Ahmed, es coanfitriona del podcast semanal Burn It All Down, el primer podcast deportivo feminista que analiza la cultura deportiva desde una perspectiva interseccional.​
Entre sus investigaciones, Elsey se ha destacado por estudiar la política chilena del siglo XX desde los equipos de fútbol amateur y profesionales como asociaciones cívicas. Su primer libro al respecto fue Citizens and Sportsmen: Fútbol and Politics in Twentieth-Century Chile (2011), cuya temporalidad abarca desde 1893 hasta el Golpe de Estado de 1973.
Diego Gutiérrez Zúñiga

Diego Nicolás Gutiérrez Zúñiga (Greenfield Park, Quebec, Canadá) es un futbolista canadiense de ascendencia chilena. Juega de centrocampista y su equipo actual es el Cavalry FC de la Canadian Premier League.​
Gutiérrez debutó profesionalmente el 6 de noviembre de 2015 con Palestino contra Deportes Antofagasta.​ Jugó cinco encuentros ligueros en la temporada 2015-16 y dos de Copa Chile.
Tras dejar Palestino, fichó por el Valour FC de la Canadian Premier League el 4 de marzo de 2019.​
El 2 de marzo de 2021 se anunció su fichaje por el Barnechea de la Primera B de Chile.​​
Por su origen, Gutiérrez puede representar a Chile o Canadá a nivel internacional.
Gutiérrez fue citado a la selección de Chile sub-20 en junio de 2016 para unos encuentros amistosos contra Paraguay.​
En enero de 2017 fue llamado a una concentración de la selección de Canadá sub-20.​ Debutó contra Panamá en un encuentro amistoso ese mes. Formó parte del plantel que disputó la Campeonato Sub-20 de la Concacaf de 2017 en Costa Rica.​
Gutiérrez nació en Greenfield Park, Quebec, y es hijo de padres chilenos. Se mudó a Santiago, Chile, junto a su familia a los tres años de edad. Su hermano gemelo Cristián también es futbolista.​
Eduardo Leal

Eduardo Ignacio Leal Delgado (Peñalolén, 5 de junio de 1991) es un futbolista chileno. Juega como mediocampista y actualmente esta sin club.
A los 10 años de edad, llega a las inferiores de Universidad Católica.​ Hace toda su formación en la UC, y antes de debutar en el primer equipo, en 2011 es enviado a préstamo a Lota Schwager. Es en ese equipo en donde debuta profesionalmente en marzo, durante un encuentro válido por la Copa Chile. En 2012, vuelve a Católica. Convirtió su primer gol en Primera División por los cruzados ante Cobreloa, en la decimoprimera fecha del Torneo Apertura 2012 del fútbol chileno. El 2013 sería enviado a préstamo a Barnechea junto a su compañero Eduardo Villagra para tener más posibilidades de jugar.
En el 2010 fue nominado a la selección nacional de futsal que disputará el sudamericano de la categoría sub-20,​ donde su equipo no logró superar la fase grupal al no ganar ningún partido.
Selección de fútbol de Camboya

La selección de fútbol de Camboya (en camboyano: ក្រុមបាល់ទាត់ជម្រើសជាតិកម្ពុជា) es el equipo representativo de este país en las competiciones oficiales. Su organización está a cargo de la Federación de Fútbol de Camboya y pertenece a la AFC. Antes fue conocida como la selección nacional de fútbol de la República Khmer desde el año 1970 hasta 1975. El equipo fue fundado en 1933.
Su mayor logró fue obtener el cuarto lugar en la Copa Asiática de 1972. Nunca ha clasificado a un mundial y algunas veces no se ha inscrito para las eliminatorias.
Luego de 2004 el equipo volvió a clasificar al campeonato del sudeste de Asia (antes llamada Copa del Tigre), ahora en 2016, la selección clasificó con puntaje perfecto en la clasificación ganando sus 3 partidos, primero 2-1 ante Laos, quitando una racha negativa de derrotas consecutivas ante dicha selección, luego goleó a Brunéi 3-0, y para culminar su clasificación ganó por un sufrido 3-2 ante Timor Oriental y volvió al Campeonato del Sur de Asia luego de 8 años y 4 ediciones de dicho campeonato, jugará en el Grupo B junto a los locales Myanmar, y frente a Malasia y Vietnam.
Actualizado al último partido jugado el 25 de marzo de 2025
Federación de Fútbol de Armenia

La Federación de Fútbol de Armenia (FFA) (en armenio: Հայաստանի Ֆուտբոլի Ֆեդերացիա, Hayastani Futboli Federats'ia) es el organismo rector del fútbol en Armenia. Tiene su sede en Ereván.
Organiza la Premier League de Armenia, la Primera Liga de Armenia, la Supercopa de Armenia, la Copa de la Independencia de Armenia y la Premier League de Futsal de Armenia. También es responsable de nombrar a la gestión de la selección de fútbol de Armenia, y el equipo nacional de fútbol femenino de Armenia. El equipo nacional de fútbol sala de Armenia también pertenece a la federación.
La FIFA le otorgó a la FFA un campo de césped sintético de fútbol a través de su programa GOAL.
La historia del fútbol de Armenia comenzó oficialmente en la década de 1990, pero sus tradiciones se remontan más atrás.
El colapso de la URSS y la declaración de independencia de Armenia en 1991 fueron momentos importantes en la vida deportiva del país, así como en su historia política. Desde el punto de vista del fútbol, estos acontecimientos dieron lugar a la fundación, el 18 de enero de 1992, de la Federación de Fútbol de Armenia.
La FFA se convirtió debidamente en miembro de los órganos rectores mundiales y europeos del fútbol, la FIFA y la UEFA, en 1992. La selección nacional hizo su debut competitivo en la clasificación para el Campeonato de Europa de la UEFA de 1996. Armenia comenzó con una derrota por 2-0 contra Bélgica el 7 de septiembre de 1994, pero también hizo historia en esa campaña de la Eurocopa 1996. El equipo registró su primera victoria competitiva cuando ganó 2-1 contra la ARY Macedonia el 6 de septiembre de 1995. Desde entonces, Armenia ha sido un elemento permanente en los torneos de clasificación para la Eurocopa y la Copa del Mundo, obteniendo el notable logro de terminar tercero en su grupo en la Eurocopa 2012 , durante el cual mediocampista ofensivo talismán Henrikh Mkhitaryan, que entonces jugaba en el FC Shakhtar Donetsk, emergió como un jugador de alto calibre internacional.
A nivel de infraestructura, en 2007 se comenzó a trabajar en un centro de formación de selecciones nacionales y una academia con instalaciones residenciales. La apertura del centro está prevista para septiembre de 2010. El Estadio Republicano de Ereván también ha sido parcialmente remodelado, con un beneficio particular de esta iniciativa siendo su impresionante nueva superficie de juego.
Selección de fútbol de Moldavia

La selección de fútbol de Moldavia (en rumano: Echipa națională de fotbal a Moldovei) es el equipo representativo del país en las competiciones oficiales. Su organización está a cargo de la Federación Moldava de Fútbol, que pertenece a la UEFA.
El seleccionado de Moldavia nació en 1991 tras la independencia de este al quebrarse la Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas. Antes de ese año, los jugadores de origen moldavo jugaban en la Selección de la Unión Soviética y algunos en la selección de fútbol de Rumania. Su mejor resultado deportivo fue el quinto puesto en su grupo rumbo al mundial 2014, logrando 11 puntos luego de vencer a San Marino en 2 ocasiones, a Montenegro en 1 ocasión y obtener empates ante Ucrania y Polonia.
Actualizado al último partido jugado el 25 de marzo de 2025
Los jugadores que aparecen en negrita están aún en activo.
Actualizado al 19 de noviembre de 2024.
Audax Italiano

Audax Club Sportivo Italiano (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈawðaks itaˈljano]) is a Chilean football club based in La Florida playing in the Campeonato Nacional, having has spent most of its history in the top tier of Chilean football.
The club was founded by Italian residents in Santiago, on November 30, 1910, as Audax Club Ciclista Italiano in Alberto Caffi's hat store, and was originally focused on cycling.
As football developed quickly in Santiago, in 1917 the club began participating in that sport, and in 1922, when the popularity of football increased within Audax's supporters, the club changed its name to Audax Club Sportivo Italiano.
In January 2007, the club was transformed into a limited liability corporation, and changed its name to Audax Italiano La Florida, adding the name of the comuna in which it's always been located.
The club has always been a regular protagonist in Chilean football, but had never been able to participate in any major international competition until 2007, when they played in the Copa Libertadores.
As a club founded by immigrants, it has a special rivalry with the other immigrant clubs Unión Española (founded by Spaniards) and Palestino (founded by Palestinian Arabs).
These games are known as the "Diaspora Derby" (Spanish: Clásico de Colonias).
Audax has been national champions four times, joint sixth alongside Magallanes. The club also achieved three Copa Chile runner-up finishes in 1981, 1998 and 2018.
The club had their first major success in 1936, when they won the league title. During the 1940s, Audax won two further titles in 1946 and 1948, and a fourth in 1957.
Current squad of Audax Italiano as of 29 May 2022 (edit) Sources: Audax Official Web Site
Manager: Francisco Arrué
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Interim coaches appear in italics.
2025 Colo-Colo season

The 2025 season will be Club Social y Deportivo Colo-Colo's 93rd season in the Chilean Primera División. Colo-Colo is the defending champion having won their 34th title the prior season.
The club will also participate in the Copa Chile, Supercopa de Chile, and Copa Libertadores.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Colo-Colo was scheduled to face the 2024 Copa Chile champions Universidad de Chile on 25 January 2025 at Estadio La Portada in La Serena. However, four days before the date the match was scheduled to be played the ANFP announced its suspension as it had not been granted authorization by the Presidential Delegation of the Coquimbo Region to hold the event. On 29 January, ANFP president Pablo Milad confirmed that the Supercopa would change its format and would be contested over two legs, being tentatively rescheduled for July 2025.
Colo-Colo will enter the competition in the group stage. The draw was held on March 17, 2025.
Colo-Colo (women)

Colo-Colo Femenino is a Chilean women's football club from Santiago representing Colo-Colo in the Chilean women's championship. It was founded in 2007.
Colo-Colo has won the championship, which is played in the Apertura and Clausura system, nine times from 2010 to 2014. They are Chilean record champions.
In 2011, it reached the Copa Libertadores's final in its debut in the competition, beating 4-1 Caracas FC in the semifinals before losing 0–1 to host São José EC. The next year they won the Copa Libertadores on penalties against Foz Cataratas to be the first non-Brazilian champions of the tournament.
as of 25 Feb 2023 Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
David Arellano

David Alfonso Arellano Moraga (29 July 1901 – 3 May 1927) was a Chilean footballer and founder of the Colo-Colo football club. A winger, he scored in the 1926 South American Championship (Copa América) and is considered one of the best Chilean football players in history.
Arellano was born in Santiago, Chile on 29 July 1901. His professional debut came aged 17 for Chilean football club Magallanes in 1919. In 1925 he along with other members parted from Magallanes football club to form a new club which came to be known in Chile as Colo-Colo. Arellano is attributed with showcasing the bicycle kick or in Chile and other parts of South America known as the Chilena through footballing tours that were conducted in Europe. Arellano played for the Chile national team that participated in the 1924 and 1926 editions of Copa America. In the latter, he was the top scorer, with 7 goals.
On 3 May 1927 in Valladolid, Spain while on tour with Colo-Colo, David Arellano suffered peritonitis after being hit by an opposing player during a match. Shortly after the incident Arellano was brought to a nearby clinic where he would ultimately die. In his memory Colo-Colo club shirts carry a black line over the main emblem as does the Estadio Monumental David Arellano.
Deportes Puerto Montt

Club Deportes Puerto Montt is a Chilean football club based in the city of Puerto Montt, Los Lagos Region. The club was founded on May 6, 1983, and currently plays in the Primera B de Chile, the second division of the country.
Their home games are played at the Estadio Regional de Chinquihue, located in Puerto Montt in front of the Tenglo Island, which has a capacity of 10,000 seats and hosted the 2015 FIFA U-17 World Cup. The stadium is known as one of the most austral stadiums in the world and for the Tenglo Canal view from every point of the place.
The club emblem is a dolphin standing between the city flag and a football. The club has a long-standing rivalry with regional neighbours Provincial Osorno and with Deportes Valdivia, as well as with clubs from Santiago.
The Club de Deportes Puerto Montt started its activities as a sports facility on May 6, 1983, playing in the Primera B de Chile.
On the sports have been mixed results, among which the runner-up of the Torneo Apertura Segunda Division in 1990, further promotion to First Division in 1996 (as second runner-category). In the year 2001 drops to the second level (Primera B). In 2002 returns to the Primera Division, when champion of the Primera B.
In the year 2006 is located in the 3rd position in the regular face of the Clausura 2006 fighting until the latest weeks by the quota Chile 3 than classified to the Copa Libertadores de America. Reached the stage of plays-off to get the lead in Group C (33 points) but stay in Quarter-final at the hands which eventually by the champion of the tournament, Colo Colo.
In the year 2007, in Apertura 2007 finished in 18th place after a poor campaign. In the Clausura 2007 not greatly improved its performance and won the 16th place in the tournament and 18th place in the acumuled table, (The penultimate scene of the 21 teams who had) which granted the Liguilla de Promocion to Primera A, which after 2 wins and 2 defeats at home visit as it is located on the 2nd place of the triangular and descends to the Primera B.
Estadio Regional de Chinquihue is a multi-use stadium in Puerto Montt, Chile. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Deportes Puerto Montt. The stadium was built in 1982, with an original capacity of 11,300.
In 2011 and 2013 it was completely renovated, and currently holds 10,000 people. The stadium hosted seven matches of the 2015 FIFA U-17 World Cup.
Current squad of Deportes Puerto Montt as of 05 april 2025 (edit) Sources: ANFP Official Web Site
Manager: Jaime Vera
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Luis Mena (Chilean footballer)

Luis Arturo Mena Irarrázabal (born 28 August 1979) is a retired Chilean professional footballer. He is the only player in Chilean football history to win more than 10 domestic league titles. He also holds more than 300 appearances for Colo-Colo, with seven goals. Because of this, Mena has been dubbed by Chilean press and Colo Colo fans as the "historic one" (el historico).
Mena made his professional debut with Colo-Colo on November 26, 1996, in the final of the Copa Chile against Rangers. He has spent his entire career, except one year when he was playing on loan at Puerto Montt, playing with Colo-Colo as a defender.
In the 2000s, and whilst he was playing for Colo-Colo, he also studied a technical-professional career in physical activity at the University of the Americas, where also was classmate of his teammates Claudio Bravo, Fernando Meneses and Miguel Riffo.
Mena was the captain of the Under-20 Chile national team between 1998 and 1999, also winning the L'Alcúdia Tournament in 1998. He has been described as "not the most flashiest or talented footballer", but Mena is known for his loyalty to Colo-Colo and his calm leadership on the field.
Luis Mena became the interim head coach for Colo-Colo women in January 2021, replacing Vanessa Arauz. On 24 February 2021, he was officially appointed as the head coach.
2025 Chilean Primera División

The 2025 Chilean Primera División, known as Liga de Primera Itaú 2025 for sponsorship purposes, is the 95th season of the Chilean Primera División, Chile's top-flight football league. The season began on 14 February and is scheduled to end on 7 December 2025.
Colo-Colo are the defending champions.
16 teams take part in the league in this season: the top 14 teams from the 2024 tournament, plus the 2024 Primera B champions Deportes La Serena and Deportes Limache, winners of the promotion play-offs. La Serena secured promotion to the top tier after two years on 29 September 2024, winning the Primera B tournament with a 1–0 win over Deportes Recoleta. Meanwhile, Deportes Limache achieved a first-ever promotion to Primera División on 7 December 2024, after defeating Rangers on penalties in the promotion play-offs finals. The promoted teams replaced Cobreloa and Deportes Copiapó, who were relegated to Primera B at the end of the 2024 season.
Source: Soccerway
Deportes Magallanes

Magallanes is a Chilean football club based in San Bernardo, Chile. They play in the Primera B de Chile, after being relegated from the Chilean Primera División in 2023.
The club was on October 27, 1897, with the name Atlético Escuela Normal F.C. In 1933 they became the first national champions of Chile.
They won a hat trick of titles in the formative years of Chilean football (1933, 1934 and 1935) but their last major title came in 1938.
In 2022 they won the Primera B championship and promotion to the top tier having not competed since 1986, they also won the Copa Chile for the first time in the same year which meant they qualified for the 2023 Copa Libertadores.
Magallanes, adopting their official name in 1904, is one of the oldest clubs in the country. Since the year 2000, after accepting the regulations of the Chilean law 20019, the team has been managed by a limited sports company.
It is one of the eight founding clubs of the Nation Chilean Football League, the first football league established in the country, which also instituted the Premier Division (Primera Division) of Chile.
In this league, Magallanes won their first championship in 1933. In addition, they were the first club to win three consecutive professional championships in Chile.
The club adopted white and sky blue as their official colors in 1908. These colors are used in their sportswear as well as their logo, which depicts a Caravel on the ocean.
Since August 2015, Magallanes has practiced in their hometown of San Bernardo in the city stadium, which seats 3,500 spectators.
They often compete in the Metropolitan Classic against their longtime rival, Santiago Morning. In addition, they have a rivalry against Colo-Colo, dubbed "Clásico de la Chilenidad".
Magallanes is ranked sixth for national titles in the Premier Division, tying Everton de Viña del Mar and Audax Italiano, with four each.
They have been the runner up behind Colo-Colo, Universidad de Chile, Universidad Católica, Cobreloa and Unión Española. They also have one title from the Third Division (Tercera Division), one title from the Campeonato de Apertura, one from the Campeonato Relámpago and one from the Campeonato Absoluto.
Despite their lack of titles in the last 70 years the club are still ranked as the seventh most successful team in the history of Chilean football.
Current squad of Deportes Magallanes as of 13 September 2021 (edit) Sources: ANFP Official Web Site
Manager: Braulio Leal
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Guiso de majaz

El guiso de majaz es un plato gastronómico oriundo de las comunidades nativas de la amazonía del Perú.
Se registró por primera vez entre las comunidades de los chacareros (habitantes de origen indígena en proceso de occidentalización que viven a las orillas de los cuerpos de agua) del departamento de Loreto, como un guiso o estofado con trozos de carne salada denominada como «carne del monte» perteneciente al Cuniculus paca que es conocido como «majaz» en la selva loretana del Perú.​ Esta especie era cazada por los chacareros como manera de subsistencia, algunos de ellos llevaban la carne y la forma de preparación a la ciudad de Iquitos para venderlo crudo o el plato de comida en si, motivo por el cual el plato llegó a las zonas urbanas.​
Con el incremento del área metropolitana de Iquitos, este plato fue incorporado al menú diario de los habitantes de la urbe amazónica, principalmente por su alto valor nutricional.​ En 2013 el Ministerio de Salud del Gobierno peruano incorporó al guiso de majaz entre los platos que se debe consumir en los quioscos de escuelas públicas, mediante la Resolución Ministerial Nº 908.​
La carne salada del animal es sazonada con ingredientes como el ajo, ají dulce, tomate, comino, culantro, entre otros; dentro de una olla a presión con agua en una tushpa, cocinas artesanales en la superficie de la tierra,​ aunque adaptado a cocina a gas en los lugares urbanos, para que posteriormente se incorpore la yuca cruda hasta su cocción final. El plato puede ser acompañado con arroz o solo.​
Isla Beagle

Isla Beagle​​ (antiguamente conocida en inglés como “Breakfast Isle”​) es el nombre que recibe una de las islas del archipiélago de las Galápagos ubicada en el océano Pacífico al oeste extremo del país suramericano de Ecuador.​​ Se localiza en las coordenadas geográficas 00°25′00″S 90°37′00″O﻿ / ﻿-0.41667, -90.61667 en el Canal de San Salvador y está separada por un canal estrecho de la Isla de San Salvador (Santiago) ubicada muy cerca al norte, al oeste se encuentra la Isla Rábida, al sureste las Islas Guy Fawkes y al noreste las Rocas Bainbridge.
Guatita

Guatita ([little] gut or [little] belly, from Spanish: Guata; "Gut/Belly"), or guatita criolla, is a popular dish in Ecuador, where it is considered a national dish, and in Chile. It is essentially a stew whose main ingredient is pieces of tripe (cow stomach), known locally as "guatitas". The tripe is cleaned several times in a lemon-juice brine, after which it is cooked for a long time until the meat is tender. Then it is allowed to cool and finely chopped. There are various vegetarian versions of the dish in which wheat gluten is substituted for tripe. Other variations use strong-tasting fish such as tuna. The traditional Ecuadorian recipe is served hot and accompanied by potatoes and a peanut sauce.
The dish is often considered an acquired taste. Because of its strong taste, it is sometimes served in small quantities.
In Ecuador, it is believed that guatita helps relieve hangover symptoms. For this reason, it is often served by restaurants early on Saturday and Sunday mornings.
Encebollado

Encebollado (Spanish: onionized, participle of “encebollar” to onionize/to make in onions) is an onion-dressed fish stew from Ecuador, where it is regarded as a national dish.
Although known throughout Ecuador, the dish is most popular in the country's coastal region. It is served with boiled cassava and pickled red onion rings. A dressing of onion is prepared with fresh tomato and spices such as pepper or coriander leaves. It is commonly prepared with albacore, but tuna, billfish, or bonito may also be used. It should be served with lime, toasted corn, and banana chips known as chifles.
It possibly originates from the Basque dish by the name of marmitako.
Encebollado is usually served with banana chips, plantains, or bread as side dishes. It may be garnished with lime juice and chili sauce. People in Ecuador eat it for breakfast, lunch, or dinner. Restaurants that sell only this dish start serving it in the early morning.
It is a common cure for chuchaqui or hangover accompanied with pilsner beer.
List of Japanese soups and stews

This is a list of Japanese soups and stews. Japanese cuisine is the food—ingredients, preparation and way of eating—of Japan. The phrase ichijū-sansai (一汁三菜, "one soup, three sides") refers to the makeup of a typical meal served, but has roots in classic kaiseki, honzen, and yūsoku [ja] cuisine. The term is also used to describe the first course served in standard kaiseki cuisine nowadays.
Brunswick stew

Brunswick stew is a tomato-based stew generally involving local beans, vegetables, and originally small game meat such as squirrel or rabbit, though today often chicken. The exact origin of the stew is disputed. The states of Virginia and Georgia both claim its birth, with Brunswick County in Virginia and the city of Brunswick in Georgia claiming it was developed there. It may have originated earlier in some form in the city of Braunschweig (English: Brunswick) in the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg in today's northern Germany.
Recipes for Brunswick stew vary greatly, but it is usually a tomato-based stew, containing various types of lima beans (butter beans), corn, okra, and other vegetables, and one or more types of meat. Originally it was small game, such as squirrel, rabbit or opossum meat, but chicken has become most common.
Chicken and rabbit are more common in Virginia, pork in Georgia, and, though not for as long, Eastern North Carolina–style pulled pork barbecue.
Squirrel Brunswick stew instructions are found in James Beard's American Cookery.
The stew's specific origin is unknown. Brunswick County, Virginia, and the city of Brunswick, Georgia, both named after the German Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, then home to the House of Hanover, which also held the British Crown, claim to have created it.
A plaque on an old iron pot in Brunswick, Georgia, says the first Brunswick stew was made in it on July 2, 1898, on nearby St. Simons Island. A competing story claims a Virginia state legislator's chef invented the recipe in 1828 on a hunting expedition. Neither claim traces to the origin of those regions.
Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, in her Cross Creek Cookery (1942), wrote that the stew, said to have been one of Queen Victoria's favorites, may have come from Braunschweig, Germany, one of the historic capitals of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg and traditionally known as "Brunswick" in British English.
According to the Virginia Writers Project's guide to Virginia, published in 1941, the stew originated in Brunswick County, Virginia:
La Folle

La Folle (ar follez) zo un danevell c'hallek gant ar skrivagner gall Guy de Maupassant, en 1882, embannet en dastumad Contes de la bécasse.
La Folle a oa bet embannet e Gil Blas an 21 a viz Du 1882, gant an anv-pluenn Maufrigneuse. Goude-se e voe adembannet en dastumad Contes de la bécasse, ha lakaet da drede danevell.
Troet eo bet e brezhoneg hag embannet e-barzh Al Liamm.
Loen

Ul loen pe aneval, mil a zo ur boud bev, renket er riezad Animalia pe Metazoa, lieskellig, gouest da santout ha da fiñval. Debriñ pe euvriñ a ra dre ur genoù, ha kemer a ra e voued diwar-goust bevien all.
Er yezh pemdez e lakaer kemm etre an dud hag al loened, goude ma'z eus loened eus an dud ivez. A-wechoù ivez ne vez ket gwelet evel loened ivez ar spoue pe koural, goude ma'z int.
Eukarioted ha lieskellig hag aze emañ an diforc'h brasañ diwar ar bakteriennoù hag ar bezhin.
Menn (loen)

Ar menn eo anv al loen bihan ganet eus ar bronneged ha da gentañ holl eus ur geotdebrer anavezet mat gant an dud. Pa stager anv al loen e c'heller reiñ un anv dibar da bep seurt :
Un anv-tiegezh brezhonek eo ivez : Ar Menn (galleg : Le Menn)
Maout (loen)

Ur bronneg daskirier doñv eus ar c'herentiad Bovidae, anv spesad Ovis aries eo ar maout (liester : meot). Par an dañvadez eo met gant disheñvelsterioù bras p'eo kromm ha hir e gerniel ha brasoc'h e gorf. Un temz-spered kreñvoc'h a zo gantañ pa klask dispennañ e enebourien pe ar re a seblant bezañ. "Tourtañ" a ra ar meot all en ur redeg gant e gerniel prest da stokañ outo.
Pa vez kaoz eus ar meot hag an dañvadezed asamblez e vez implijet ar ger hollel dañvad. Evit deskrivadur ar par hag he farez, sell outañ.
Un diforc'h a vez graet etre ar meot : pa 'z int deuet en oad gouennañ, hourzed int ha pa vezont implijet evit ar gouennañ, tourzed int.
Ur ger keltiek kozh eo pa 'z eus bet kavet ar ger galianek *molton (sell ouzh mouton ger galleg). Kavet e vez mollt (kembraeg), mols (kerneveureg), molt (iwerzhoneg) ha mult (gouezeleg Bro-Skos).
Ul loen kavet e meur a vitologiezh, e meur a vojenn eo ar maout. Er vitologiezh keltiek eo ar maout un arouez evit nerzhioù an natur hag an frouezhusted. Ardarmez Kerne eo, marteze diwar e gerniel (kern) ha diwar e greoñv (knev, stumm kozh krev). Ur c'hoari-gerioù e vefe hervez Divi Kervella ha kavet e vez ur maout war skoed-ardamez an eskopti ha hini ti-kêr Gemper.
E tresoù kozh ar sevenadur keltiek ez eus bet kavet ul loen e stumm ur sarpant gant penn ar maout. En ur deuziañ daou loen disheñvel-tre e veze diskouezet unaniezh ar perzhioù kontrol kevatal d'ar yin/yang sinaek.
Gavr (loen)

Ur pennad gavr zo ivez.
Ar c'havr (Capra aegargus hircus pe Capra hircus) zo ur bronneg, ur geotdebrer hag un daskirier, renket e kerentiad an ejeneged hag en iskerentiad Caprinae.
Doñvaet eo bet al loen-se abaoe an VIIIvet milved kt JK d'an nebeutañ evit pourchas e gig, e groc'hen, e blev hag alies-tre evit e laezh. Meur a anv rannyezhel a ya d'envel ar c'havr : bida ha bidiez.
Ul loen bihan a-walc'h eo, gwareget e gerniel ha mibin-tre, graet evit lammat. Kavet e vez e kazi an holl rannoù eus ar bed, er menezioù aliezik a-walc'h. Ober a reer bouc'hed eus ar pared ha menned eus ar re vihan. A-wechoù e vez kavet givri gouez, met doñvaet e vezont peurvuiañ. Givri bihan o ment a vez kemeret da loened ti a-wechoù.
Meneg anezho zo er Bibl. Da skouer, pa laka Rebekka daou venn-gavr da vezañ fardet evel ur meuz eus ar gwellañ evit ma roje Izaak e vennozh d'o mab Jakob (da laret eo asantiñ desevel anezhañ goude ma'z eo bastard ar bugel) (Gn : 27: 9).
Eus anv kêr-benn Turkia, Ankara, e teu hini ar givri angora a vez maget evit o blev hir-kenañ ha ganto e vez produet ar mohair. Gant givri eus Kachmir e vez produet ur seurt gloan d'ober stamm anvet Kachmir.
Anv zo eus givri emeur a ganaouenn-bobl, diwar-benn prosezioù ma veze barnet al loened-se, lakaet alies da vezañ furoc'h eget ar varnerien.
Anv eus givri zo e meur a dro-lavar hag e meur a grennlavar:
Divellkeineg

Un divellkeineg (liester: divellkeineged) a zo ur seurt loen ha n'en deus mell-kein (gwalenn-gein) ebet. Ar c'hontrol eus ur mellkeineg eo eta. Kement loen ha n'eo ket ur mellkeineg (e-touez ar mellkeineged e kaver ar pesked, ar stlejviled, an divelfenneged, an evned, ar bronneged) a zo un divellkeineg.
Ar skourradoù pennañ enno loened divellkeinek a zo:
Banniel Alamagn

Banniel Alamagn zo ur banniel triliv, gant teir bandenn a-led, du, ruz ha melen-aour (Schwarz-Rot-Gold en alamaneg). Evel m’emañ bremañ e oa bet degemeret ent-ofisiel gant Republik Kevreadel Alamagn d’an 23 a viz Mae 1949.
Implijet eo bet ar banniel-se ivez gant Kengevread Alamagn (1848-1866), gant Republik Weimar (1918-1933) ha gant Republik Demokratel Alamagn (1949-1959). Gant stad Alamagn ar Reter e oa bet implijet al livioù-se ivez, etre 1959 ha 1990, met gant ardamezioù e-kreiz ouzhpenn.
N’eus lesanv ebet gant ar banniel-se, evel ma’z eus gant bannieloù Danmark (Dannebrog), Breizh (Gwenn ha du) pe Stadoù Unanet Amerika (Stars and Stripes), daoust ma voe graet gant an droienn Dreifarb (triliv) gant lod eus dispac’herien an XIX kantved.
N’eo ket gwall anavezet orin banniel Alamagn. Kroget e voe da implijout an triliv-se stankik, war a seblant, e deroù an XIX kantved, e-pad ar brezelioù a-enep Napoleon Iañ. Ar "Freikorps", ar strolladoù soudarded en em ganne a-enep ar C’hallaoued, a oa o dilhad el livioù-se (dilhad du, gant tammoù ruz ha boutonioù alaouret), eme lod. Evit tud all e veze implijet an tri liv-se dija gant impalaerien an Impalaeriezh Santel Roman, o doa bannieloù melen warno un erer du gant skilfoù ruz.
Bezet a vezo, implijet e voe stankoc’h-stankañ an triliv-se, en XIX kantved, gant ar vrogarourien alaman o doa c’hoant da unaniñ ar stadoù a oa rannet Alamagn etrezo. Degemeret e voe da vanniel broadel Alamagn gant Bodadeg Vroadel Frankfurt, d’an 9 a viz Meurzh 1848. Met e 1850 e voe adsavet Kengevread Alamagn, evel ma oa bet abaoe 1815. Ne oa bet implijet an triliv du, ruz ha melen-aour, nemet e-pad daou vloaz. Ur wech divodet ar C’hengevread, abalamour d’an enebiezh etre Prusia hag Aostria, ha savet Kengevread Norzh Alamagn, renet gant Prusia, e voe degemeret ur banniel triliv all gant ar stad-se, gant bandennoù a-led du, gwenn ha ruz, e 1866. Un nebeud bloavezhioù diwezhatoc’h, pa voe savet an Impalaeriezh Alaman, e 1871, e voe kendalc’het da ober gant ar banniel-se, a oa diazezet war livioù Prusia (du ha gwenn) ha livioù an Hansa (ruz ha gwenn).
E dibenn ar Brezel-bed Kentañ e voe savet Republik Weimar e 1919 ha kemeret e voe da vanniel ganti an triliv du, ruz ha melen-aour. Pa yeas ar Strollad Nazi e penn ar vro e 1933 e voe dilezet an triliv-se ha degemeret daou vanniel ent-ofisiel evit ar stad, banniel an Impalaeriezh Alaman (du, gwenn ha ruz) ha hini ar Strollad Nazi, dezhañ livioù heñvel, an Hakenkreuzflagge, pe Hakenkreuzfahne, ur banniel ruz gant ur Swastika du en ur gantenn wenn. Goude 1935 ne voe implijet nemet hini an Nazied da aroueziañ an Trede Reich.
E dibenn an Eil Brezel-bed, pa yeas an Trede Reich d’an traoñ, e voe rannet Alamagn e peder lodenn gant ar broioù trec’h, hag unanet e voe teir anezho d’ober Alamagn ar C'hornôg (Republik Kevreadel Alamagn), tra ma’z ae ar pevare hini d’ober Alamagn ar Reter (Republik Demokratel Alamagn). Gant an div stad nevez e voe adimplijet an triliv du, ruz ha melen-aour, met en Alamagn ar Reter e voe ouzhpennet, diwezhatoc’h, ardamezioù ar stad komunour e-kreiz ar banniel. Abaoe m’eo bet adunanet ar vro, e 1990, e vez implijet an triliv evit Alamagn a-bezh.
Banniel Danmark

Banniel Danmark, lesanvet Dannebrog, zo ruz gant ur groaz wenn ; div vrec'h ar groaz n'emaint ket e-kreiz met tostoc'h d'an tu diabarzh, ma vez staget ar banniel. Ur groaz evel-se a gaver ivez war bannieloù ar stadoù all zo e Skandinavia (Sveden, Norvegia, Finland hag Island) ha war bannieloù broioù bihanoc'h (Inizi Faero, Inizi Åland...). En amzer ma oa unanet Danmark ha Norvegia (1536 – 1814) e veze implijet an Dannebrog e Norvegia ivez. N'eo nemet e 1821 e voe degemeret ent-ofisiel banniel Norvegia.
Banniel Danmark eo ar c'hoshañ banniel er bed zo implijet c'hoazh evit ur stad. Ar roudoù koshañ anezhañ a gaver er XIV kantved. A-raok an amzer-se e veze implijet ur banniel warnañ skeudenn ur vran e Danmark, evel e broioù all Skandinavia.
Hervez ur vojenn hollanavezet e Danmark, e vije kouezhet ar banniel-se eus an oabl e-pad Emgann Lyndanisse, anavezet ivez evel Emgann Valdemar. Eno e oa soudarded Danmark, renet gant o roue Valdemar II, oc'h en em gannañ a-enep tud ar vro, e-kichen Lyndanisse (Tallinn) en Estonia, d'ar 15 a viz Mezheven 1219. Kouezhet e vije ar banniel eus an neñv e-touez tud Danmark ha trec'h e vijent bet war o enebourien goude-se abalamour da se.
N'eus prouenn ebet eus kement-se avat hag ar skridoù kentañ diwar-benn ar vojenn-se a voe skrivet ouzhpenn 300 vloaz goude an emgann.
Sur a-walc'h e oa ar banniel-se un arouez kristen, evel ma veze implijet stank en amzerioù-se, dreist-holl e-pad Brezelioù ar Groaz.
Banniel Italia

Banniel Italia (bandiera d'Italia, met graet e vez anezhañ alies il Tricolore) eo banniel broadel Italia. Ur banniel triliv eo gant teir bandenn a-serzh, ingal o hed: gwer, gwenn ha ruz. E 1797 e oa bet graet evit ar wech kentañ gant an triliv italian, gant Republik Sispadania, ur Republik c'hoar da Vro-C'hall. War skouer banniel homañ eo bet savet, gant livioù Milano (ruz ha gwenn), ha gwer lifre Gwarded Sivil ar gêr-se, eo bet savet. Diwezhatoc'h eo gant ar banniel-se e voe unvanet Italia, da vare ar “Risorgimento”.
Banniel kanevedenn

Ur banniel liesliv eo ar banniel kanevedenn, warnañ pep liv kavet er c'hombodig-glav.
Implijet eo bet bannieloù a seurt-se e meur a sevenadur hag e meur a bro dre ar bed a-bezh hag a-hed an amzerioù. Peuliesañ e vez implijet evit aroueziañ al liesegezh hag ar c'hoaneg pe ar spi.
Hiziv e vez implijet meur a vanniel disheñvel hag evit meur a abeg: brudet hag anavezet e vez dreist-holl evel banniel al lorc'h gae hag ivez evel banniel ar peoc'h.
Implijet eo bet ar banniel kanevedenn, anvet a-wechoù ivez banniel ar franzik, evel rouez al lorc'h gae abaoe ar bloavezhioù 1980 d'an nebeutañ.
Krouet e oa bet ar banniel gant an arzour amerikan Gilbert Baker hag implijet e oa bet er penn-kentañ er Stadoù-Unanet met bremañ e vez implijet evel arouez an heñvelrevelezh er bed a-bezh.
Er bloavezhioù 1970 e oa bet implijet bannieloù liesliv dija evel arouez al liesegezh hag an etrebroadelezh, met liammet ouzh al lorc'h gae e oa deuet da vezañ e diwezh ar bloavezhioù 70 er Stadoù-Unanet.
Implijet e oa bet bet ar banniel treset gant Baker evit ar wech kentañ e Dibunadeg Frankis Gae San Francisco e d'ar25 a viz Mezhven 1978.
Eizh bandennad liv a oa war ar banniel kentañ-se, stag ouzh pep hini ur ster resis.
Goude ma oa bet drouklazhet an heñvelrevad Harvey Milk d'a7 27 a viv Du 1978 e felle d'an dud diskwel o fulor hag al lorc'h e senten en o identelezh revel ha stagañ a reas an embregerezh Paramount Flag Company war werzhañ bannieloù kanevedenn graet gant danvez liesliv hep al liv roz.
Kemmet e oa ar banniel e 1979 adarre o tennañ kuit al liv glas-gwer evit ma vefe par an niver a bandennoù warnañ.
A-wechoù e vez ouzhpennet livoù resis all, evel an du evit ober dave d'ar re varv gant ar SIDA.
Implijet e oa bet ar banniel-mañ evit ar wech kentañ en Italia. Deuet eo da vezañ implijet er bed a-bezh evel arouez ar peoc'h gant al luskad tud a save a-enep d'ar brezel en Irak e 2002. Skrivet e vez war ar banniel kanevedenn en italianeg ar ger pace ("peoc'h").
Implijet e vez an hevelep banniel gant familh ar ganavedenn, anvet a-wechoù ivez meuriad ar ganavedenn, ur strollad tud a ya da aloubiñ tachennoù-douar prevez er Stadoù-Unanet.
Implijet eo bet alies ur banniel kanevedenn c'hwec'hliv gant al luskad kenoberezh betek 2001.
E Perou hag en Ecuador e vez implijet ur banniel liesliev warnañ seizh bandennad liv evel banniel Tawantin Suyu (takd an Inkaed). Disheñvel eo diouzh banniel al lorc'h gae dre ma implij al liv glas sklaer kentoc'h evit al liv glas-gwer pe c'hoazh gant ur vandennad liv gwenn etre ar bandennoù melen ha gwer hep tamm glas ebet.
Gant an Aymaraed e vez implijet ur garezenn liesliv ivez anvet wiphala. Kemmañ a ra al livoù reis a lec'h da lec'h
Implijet e vez ar banniel liesliv pe ur steredenn liesliv gant an Drouzed ivez.
Implijet e veze ivez livoù ar ganevedenn war banniel an Oblast Yuzevek Emren en ez-Unaniezh Soviedel.
Banniel Benin

Banniel Benin zo ur banniel triliv implijet evit ar wech kentañ d'ar 1añ a viz Eost 1960.
Graet eo gant ur vandenn wer a-sonn war an tu kleiz ha div vandenn melen ha ruz a-blaen war an tu dehou. Arouez ar spi eo al liv gwer, hini ar binvidigezh hag an araokaat eo al liv melen hag arouez kalon an hendadoù eo al liv ruz.
Dilezet e voe ar banniel-se etre 1975 ha 1990 da vare Republik Pobl Benin.
Pastell-vro

Ur bastell-vro zo ur rann velestradurel eus ur vro, en ur ster melestradurel kentoc'h eget istorel peurvuiañ. P'eo talvoudegezh pastell hini un tamm pe ul lodenn e c'hell bezañ implijet evit ur gorread douar (ur bastell douar) hag evit tammoù boued ha tammoù dilhad.
Pastelloù-vro hollek a vez savet evit liveoù lies ar melestradurioù hollek.
Pastelloù-bro arbennig a c'hell bezañ kavet e meur a vro ivez.
Le Peuple breton

Magazin kelaouiñ miziek Unvaniezh Demokratel Breizh (UDB) eo Le Peuple breton. Embannet eo bet ar c'hentañ niverenn e miz Genver 1964, un nebeud devezhioù war-lerc'h krouidigezh ar strollad. Ur strollad politikel emrenelour kizidik ouzh ar mennozhioù sokialour hag ekologour eo UDB. Media hollegour e chom Pobl Vreizh ur magazin menoioù avat. “Sellet ha kompren ar bed diwar Vreizh” a vez kinniget ober d’al lennerien.
Le Peuple breton a oa bet anv ur gelaouenn all, berrbad, bet krouet gant Joseph Martray goude an Eil Brezel-bed. Gant e aotre he doa gellet UDB implijout an titl evit he c'helaouenn.
E miz Genver 1970 e voe embannet kentañ niverenn Pobl Vreizh, kelaouenn vrezhonek UDB, hag a badas betek he 140vet niverenn e 1982. Dont a reas en-dro Pobl Vreizh e miz Kerzu 1984 e stumm ur c'haier e niverenn 252 Le Peuple breton. Adalek 1986 e teuas Pobl Vreizh da vezañ eil titl Le Peuple breton hag e voe kavet e pep niverenn etre div hag eizh pajennad e brezhoneg. Ur seurt kelaouenn er gelaouenn. Buan a-walc'h eo bet lamet an eil titl-se, ha bremañ ne chom nemet ar bomm gallek LE PEUPLE BRETON, e lizherennoù bras ha tev.
Evit kaout un alberz eus pouez Le Peuple breton evit stummadur stourmerien UDB hag an eskemm mennozhioù e Breizh, lenn pennad Ronan Leprohon (pp 205-209) el levr embannet dindan renerezh Tudi Kernalegenn ha Romain Pasquier "L'Union démocratique bretonne, un parti autonomiste dans un État unitaire" (Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2014).
List of Canadian provinces and territories by historical population

This is a list of Canadian historical population by province and territory, drawn from the Canadian census of population data and pre-Confederation censuses of Newfoundland and Labrador. Since 1871, Canada has conducted regular national census counts. The data for 1851 to 1976 is drawn primarily from Historical Statistics of Canada, 2nd edition. Data for 1981 through 2021 are from the respective year's respective census. Newfoundland and Labrador pre-Confederation data is from the 1945 Census of Newfoundland and Labrador, volume 1. Data for 1841 and some 1851 data drawn from the 1931 Canadian census. With the exception of Nunavut prior to 1996, the population figures largely reflect modern provincial boundaries; prior to 1996, the population of modern Nunavut is reported with Northwest Territories. Although the census has worked to count First Nations populations since 1871, the it is likely Indigenous Canadians are undercounted by the census. Shaded blocks indicate periods before the province or territory joined the Canadian Confederation. Instances where the reported figure came from a different year's population count (primarily pre-1861 and for Newfoundland) are noted. Total Canadian population row includes the population of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Estimates from The Canada Year Book (1867) based on various provincial census records.
Sowilō (rune)

Sowilo (*sōwilō), meaning "sun", is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic language name of the s-rune (ᛊ, ᛋ).
The letter is a direct adoption of Old Italic (Etruscan or Latin) s (𐌔), ultimately from Greek sigma (Σ). It is present in the earliest inscriptions of the 2nd to 3rd century (Vimose, Kovel).
The name is attested for the same rune in all three Rune Poems. It appears as Old Norse and Old Icelandic Sól and as Old English Sigel.
The Germanic words for "Sun" have the peculiarity of alternating between -l- and -n- stems, Proto-Germanic *sunnon (Old English sunne, Old Norse, Old Saxon and Old High German sunna) vs. *sōwilō or *sōwulō (Old Norse sól, Gothic sauil, also Old High German forms such as suhil). This continues a Proto-Indo-European alternation *suwen- vs. *sewol- (Avestan xᵛə̄ṇg vs. Latin sōl, Greek helios, Sanskrit surya, Welsh haul, Breton heol, Old Irish suil "eye"), a remnant of an archaic heteroclitic declension pattern that remained productive only in the Anatolian languages.
The Old English name of the rune, written sigel (pronounced /ˈsɪ.jel/) is most often explained as a remnant of an otherwise extinct l-stem variant of the word for "Sun" (meaning that the spelling with g is unetymological), but alternative suggestions have been put forward, such as deriving it from Latin sigillum (assuming that the y is the unetymological element instead).
The Elder Futhark s rune is attested in main two variants, a "Σ shape" (four strokes), more prevalent in earlier (3rd to 5th century) inscriptions (e.g. Kylver stone), and an "S shape" (three strokes), more prevalent in later (5th to 7th century) inscriptions (e.g. Golden horns of Gallehus, Seeland-II-C).
The Younger Futhark Sol and the Anglo-Saxon futhorc Sigel runes are identical in shape, a rotated version of the later Elder Futhark rune, with the middle stroke slanting upwards, and the initial and final strokes vertical.
The Anglo-Saxon runes developed a variant shape (ᚴ), called the "bookhand" s rune because it is probably inspired by the long s (ſ) in Insular script. This variant form is used in the futhorc given on the Seax of Beagnoth.
Guido von List used Sowilō as the basis for the Armanen sig rune, also known as the "Siegrune". Unlike the rune used historically by the Germanic peoples, the name of which translates to "sun", he associated his new rune with "victory" (German Sieg) based on similarity in sound with the name of the Anglo-Frisian rune sigel.
The Armanen sig rune was adapted into the emblem of the SS in 1933 by Walter Heck. Heck's design consisted of two sig runes drawn side by side like lightning bolts and was adopted by all branches of the SS.
Jean-Luc Van Den Heede

Jean-Luc Van Den Heede (born 8 June 1945 in Amiens) is a French sailor. He is best known for his achievements in single-handed sailing and set the current world-record for the westabout circumnavigation (he holds the overall record, i.e. although he sailed solo, nobody was faster on this route with a crewed boat). He also holds the record of sailing Cape Horn 12 times in competitions.
He started sailing at the age of 17. In the Breton port city of Lorient he worked as a mathematics teacher. After 1989 he became a full-time sailor. Among sailors, he is also known by his initials VDH.