davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Allen's

Allen's, earlier A. W. Allen Limited, is an Australian brand of confectionery products produced by Nestlé. Allen's is the top brand of sugar confectionery in Australia. It is best known for Minties, a soft chewable mint-flavoured confectionery, and their varieties of 'Party Mix' lollies.
Allen's was founded by Alfred Weaver Allen (1870–1925), a Melbourne confectioner. Originally employed by MacRobertson's, he commenced confectionery production in 1891 at his Fitzroy confectionery shop. By 1909, Allen's was the third largest confectionery business in Melbourne, after those of MacRobertson and Abel Hoadley. It launched as a public company in 1922. It moved from an adjacent site to a vast factory built to the design of prominent Melbourne architect Joseph Plottel in South Melbourne on the banks of the Yarra River (which had formerly housed Holden's first Australian plant and Kraft Walker Foods), in the 1950s. Its animated neon sign was a local landmark up to its demise in 1987.
Allen's abandoned chocolate production after World War II, however it became Australia's largest confectionery company. Allen's was purchased by UK-based Rothmans Holdings in 1985. Two years later it was sold to Nestlé. Allen's have been manufacturing confectionery in the town of Broadford, in Central Victoria, Australia since 1982. The manufacturing facility operates 24 hours a day, 5 days a week and Allen's has become synonymous with the town.
In October 2014, Allen's reduced the size of the 'Killer Python' product in order to reduce its portion size. It shrunk from 47 grams to 24 grams. The price of the snake was also adjusted accordingly.
In June 2015, the 'Spearmint Leaves' and 'Green Frogs' product lines were discontinued as they were not selling well, although 'Spearmint Leaves' were reintroduced in 2020 and 2024. A Nestlé spokesperson said that the 'Red Frogs' "outsell the green 10 to one".
In June 2023, Allen's announced that production of Fantales was to be discontinued due to declining sales.
List of programs broadcast by TeenNick

The following is a list of programs that have been broadcast by the TeenNick cable channel. It was launched as a merge of two former teen-oriented programming blocks: TEENick on Nickelodeon and The N on Noggin. The channel still airs reruns of shows that originated on the TEENick block (such as iCarly), but as of the mid-2010s, all original productions from the Noggin block have been dropped.
TeenNick's lineup primarily features reruns of programming that had aired on the main Nickelodeon channel.
An asterisk (*) indicates that the program had new episodes aired on TeenNick.
List of 2024 albums

The following is a list of albums, EPs, and mixtapes released in 2024. These albums are (1) original, i.e. excluding reissues, remasters, and compilations of previously released recordings, and (2) notable, defined as having received significant coverage from reliable sources independent of the subject.
For additional information about bands formed, reformed, disbanded, or on hiatus, for deaths of musicians, and for links to musical awards, see 2024 in music.
Pakistan at the Cricket World Cup

Pakistan cricket team won the World Cup in 1992 under the captaincy of Imran Khan. Pakistan have also been runners up at the 1999 Cricket World Cup where they lost to Australia in the Final. They have been Semi Finalists four times (1979, 1983, 1987 & 2011) and have also reached the Quarter Finals twice (1996 & 2015). Pakistan's historical win–loss record at the cricket world cup is 49-37, with 3 no results. Javed Miandad has appeared in six Cricket World Cups which is more than any other player from Pakistan.
White: Group/round-robin stage
Green: Quarter-finals/Super Six
Brown: Semi-finals
Silver: Runner-up
Gold: Champions
Pakistan were the favourites going into the 1987 World Cup.
Teams who qualified for the Super Six stage only played against the teams from the other group; results against the other teams from the same group were carried forward to this stage. As a result Pakistan carried forward 4 points from the group stage, with their wins against Australia and New Zealand. Results against the non-qualifying teams were therefore discarded at this point.
There were eerie similarities between Pakistan's performance in the group stage in the 2019 and 1992 World Cups.
2026 Men's T20 World Cup

The 2026 ICC Men's T20 World Cup will be the tenth edition of the Men's T20 World Cup. It is scheduled to be hosted by the defending champions India along with Sri Lanka from February to March 2026.
The ICC Men's T20 World Cup is a biennial world cup for cricket in Twenty20 International (T20I) format, organized by the International Cricket Council (ICC). The tournament, now being held every two years, was first played in 2007 in South Africa. India are the defending champions, having defeated South Africa in the final of the previous edition
In November 2021, as part of the 2024–2031 ICC men's hosts cycle, India and Sri Lanka were announced as co-hosts for the tournament. Sri Lanka first hosted the T20 World Cup in 2012 and India hosted in 2016. In December 2024, following an agreement between the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) and Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB), the ICC confirmed that matches involving India and Pakistan matches at all ICC events hosted by India or Pakistan would be played at a neutral venue until at least 2027. As a result, any matches involving Pakistan at the 2026 tournament will be played in Sri Lanka.
The tournament's format will remain the same as the previous edition. The 20 qualifying teams were divided into four groups of five teams; the five teams in each group played with the other four – for a total of ten matches per group – and the top two teams in each group advanced to the Super 8 stage. The advanced 8 teams were divided into two groups of four teams based on pre-tournament seedings; the advanced teams in each group played with all the others in that group – for a total of six matches per group – and the top two teams in each advanced group advanced to the knockout stage.
India and Sri Lanka qualified directly as co-hosts. They will be joined by the top eight teams from the 2024 Men's T20 World Cup and the best three other teams from the ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings. The remaining eight teams will be decided by regional qualifiers, with two teams from Africa and Europe, three teams from the combined Asia and East Asia-Pacific region, and one team from the Americas region.
Kurkure

Kurkure is a brand of spiced crunchy puffcorn snacks made up of rice, lentil and corn. It is owned by PepsiCo through its subsidiary Frito-Lay. It was first launched in India in 1999 and nine years later, the snack was launched in Pakistan in 2008. The snack is manufactured in India and Pakistan, and has limited availability in certain international markets such as Canada and the United Kingdom. The word Kurkure means "crunchy" in Hindi and Urdu languages.
In India, it is manufactured in Sangrur, Pune, Howrah, Sonipat, Ranga Reddy, Vaishali and Kamrup whereas in Pakistan, it is manufactured in Gulberg, Lahore.
Kurkure is made from rice meal, edible vegetable oil (palm oil), corn meal, gram meal, spices (such as turmeric), condiments, salt, sugar, tartaric, and E631. Kurkure is not completely vegan as the PepsiCo India website in a pdf listing the ingredients show milk solids as one of the ingredients.
It contains natural, nature-identical, and artificial flavoring substances.
Kurkure was originated in India in 1999; in 2001 Indian television actresses Mandira Bedi and Pooja Ghai appeared in few commercials of Kurkure and served for the new brand . In 2004, Indian Hindi film actress Juhi Chawla was featured in advertisements for Kurkure. and from 2008 Kareena Kapoor was endorsing a new range (Kurkure Desi beats) under the main brand. Kurkure was launched in Tamil Media in 2008 with actress Simran as its brand ambassador. In 2012, Parineeti Chopra, Kunal Kapoor, Boman Irani, Ramya Krishnan, and Farida Jalal, started to advertise Kurkure. In 2019 Samantha Ruth Prabhu and Taapsee Pannu acted in Hindi, Tamil and Telugu commercials of Kurkure. In 2021 and 2022 Akshay Kumar appeared in Kurkure commercials along with Kritika Kamra and Samantha Ruth Prabhu. In 2024, actress Sara Ali Khan acted in Kurkure's Hindi commercial.
Kurkure was launched in Pakistan in 2008. Actresses Ayesha Omer, Hania Amir and Iqra Aziz have all been featured in television commercials for Kurkure in the country.
In November 2006, Frito-Lay announced plans to release Kurkure to American markets in 2007. This decision was made after analysts showed increasing interest in Indian spices in the region. Kurkure was subsequently introduced in other markets with a significant non-resident Indian population such as the UK. As of 2010, Kurkure is available in Eastern Canada. As of 2013, Kurkure is available in Western Canada.
Papri chat

Papri chat or papri chaat (ISO: pāpṛī cāṭ) is a popular traditional fast food and street food from the Indian subcontinent, in India, Bangladesh, Nepal and parts of Pakistan. Many various additional dishes throughout India are also referred to as papri chat. Some restaurants in the United States serve the traditional version of the dish.
Papri chaat is traditionally prepared using crisp fried dough wafers known as papri, along with boiled chickpeas, boiled potatoes, dahi (yogurt) and tamarind chutney and topped with chat masala and sev. The papri are typically prepared with refined wheat flour (maida) and ghee or oil. Mint, cilantro and spices may also be used. The dish has sweet, sour, tangy and spicy flavors and a creamy and crunchy texture.
Papri refers to the wafers, and the word chaat is derived from the Sanskrit verb caṭ which means tasting with a fingertip and represents the sound made; thereby, it refers to several fast food dishes and snacks. Chaat is a thick cream in Hindi. The term also refers to a variety of dishes in India.
A recipe for papri (as purika) is mentioned in Manasollasa, a 12th-century Sanskrit encyclopedia compiled by Someshvara III, who ruled from present-day Karnataka.
Papri chaat is often purveyed and consumed at mobile food stalls in India. In India, it is more popular in the northern region of the country compared to other areas.
Chaiwala

A chaiwala (also transliterated as chaiwalah or chaiwallah; Urdu: چائےوالا, Hindi: चायवाला) is a tea-seller in the Indian subcontinent. They are an integral part of subcontinent culture. Chai is the Hindi and Urdu word for "tea", as in masala chai, and wala indicates the person performing the task, so chaiwala is a street vendor of tea.
Chaiwalas, as an entrepreneurial group, tend to move from different regions of India to run their small business in major cities. They typically prepare the tea by boiling a mixture of water and milk, often with a spice mixture called chai masala, and then add tea leaves and sugar, and then strain the drink into containers or a tea kettle. They usually serve tea in a small glasses or unglazed clay teacups (kulhar) but have started to use plastic cups. Traditionally, tea was made in brass vessels.
In the 1955 film Shri 420, the hero (portrayed by Raj Kapoor) takes the heroine (portrayed by Nargis) to a roadside tea stall. The chaiwala insists on receiving a payment of two annas (anna is 1/16th of a rupee) for the two cups. This scene serves as a prelude for the famous song "Pyar Hua Ikrar Hua", during which the chaiwala is shown sipping the tea from a saucer (which was common among the unsophisticated people).
In the 2008 film Slumdog Millionaire, the lead character, Jamal Malik (played by Dev Patel), is a chaiwala in an Indian call center.
In the UK TV sitcom It Ain’t Half Hot Mum, Dino Shafeek plays the chai wallah Muhammad. Muhammed walks around the camp all day, selling tea from his urn. He also sings the musical interruptions between the scenes, which are mostly American hit songs, accompanied by a sitar. At the end of the credits, he starts to sing "Land of Hope and Glory" only to be interrupted by the Sergeant Major shouting "SHUT UP!!!". After Rangi leaves, he takes on the role of Bearer to the concert party, as well as still being the Chai Wallah.
The press has noted several successful chaiwalas: They include:
Backyard Science

Backyard Science is an Australian educational children's television show based on the Dorling Kindersley book of the same name that aired from 28 August 2003 until 2007. The series was originally commissioned by Super RTL and TVOntario, and had 78 episodes produced in three seasons. Some airings split this into 156 15-minute episodes.
In this series, children experiment with everyday items in order to make something fun and practical and also provide scientific insights in a child's world.
The show is broadcast in overseas markets including:
The program featured Australian actress Sophie Lowe, Daniela Marie and her brother John, comedian Genevieve Fricker, and twins Lucas Hejtmanek and Priscilla Hejtmanek.
Ismail Industries Limited

Ismail Industries Limited (Urdu: اسماعیل انڈسٹریز لمٹیڈ), also known as Ismail Group, is a Pakistani confectionery and snack food manufacturer headquartered in Karachi, Pakistan. It owns AstroPack, CandyLand, Bisconni and SnackCity brands.
Ismail Industries' history goes back to a confectionery factory founded by Haji Ahmad Chandia in Sukkur during the 1960s. The business was unsuccessful, so the factory was closed in 1964. Later, Chandia founded another confectionery business with his four sons called Union Biscuit Private Limited in Karachi. The business was successful, but began to decline with the death of the heir apparent, Ismail. Following his death, the family reestablished a company in his name called Ismail Industries Limited in 1988. The company was listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange in 1989. Miftah Ismail, former Finance Minister of Pakistan, joined his family business in 1994 after completing his education in the U.S.
In 1990, Ismail Industries established its first subsidiary, Candyland, which introduced soft jellies such as Chilli Milli in Pakistan. Candyland is also for producing Fanty, Super Twister, and Paradise.
In 2002, Ismail Industries founded Bisconni which later became known for its Cocomo biscuit. Bisconni is also known for launching Rite cookies.
In 2006, SnackCity was launched to make snack foods in Pakistan. SnackCity is known for producing Kurleez, a line of crisp snacks.
In 2013, Ismail Industries acquired 24.5 percent stake in the Bank of Khyber.
In 2021, Ismail Industries established a polyester resin (PET resin) manufacturing plant with an annual production capacity of 108,000 tons.
Ismail Industries operates three factories in the following cities:
Saham

Saham nyaéta satuan nilai atawa pambukuan dina rupa-rupa instrumén finansial nu nuduhkeun kana bagéan kapamilikan hiji perusahaan. Terbitna saham, ngamingkinkeun perusahaan-perusahaan nu mikabutuh dana jangka panjang keur ngajual kapentingan dina bisnis saham ( efek ekuitas ), dibayar ku duit. Ieu mangrupa métode utama pikeun ngaronjatkeun modal bisnis salian ti nerbitkeun obligasi. Saham dijual biasana ngaliwatan pasar primer atawa pasar sekunder.
Aya sababraha jenis saham, kaasup saham biasa (common stock) jeung saham preferen (preferred stock). Saham preferen biasana disebut saham campuran kusabab miboga ciri-ciri ampir sarua jeung saham biasa.. Biasana saham biasa ngan miboga sajenis, tapi disababaraha kasus aya ogé nu miboga sababaraha jenis, gumantung kana kabutuhan perusahaan. Saham biasa miboga sababaraha jenis, saperti kelas A, kelas B, kelas C, jeung lianna. Masing-masing kelas miboga kauntungan jeung karugianna séwang-séwangan sarta simbol huruf teu miboga harti nanaon..
Saham preferen miboga ciri-ciri ieu di handap:
Miboga ciri-ciri ieu di handap:
Numutkeun kinerja perdagangan, saham bisa dikelompokkeun jadi :
Hal utama nu perlu dilakukeun nyaéta investor kudu jadi nasabah dina perusahaan éfék baheula. Investor ngabuka rekening kalayan mayar deposit sajumlah Rp 25 juta, tapi nu séjénna ngawajibkeun sajumlah Rp 15.000.000 jst. Jumlah nu disetorkeun rupa-rupa. Dina dasarna, batasan minimal atawa euweuh jumlah nominal meuli saham tapi di Bursa Efek Indonesia minimal meuli 100 lembar atawa 1 lot, misalna harga saham perusahaan XYZ saharga 100.000, dana minimal nu dibutukeun pikeun meuli sa lot sarua jeung Rp 10.000,00 (100 lembar dikali Rp 100,00). Transaksi penjualan atawa pembelian nu bisa dilakukeun di Hari bursa.
Tempat lain pikeun meuli saham salian IDX /Indonesia Stock Exchange (Indonésia), nyaéta Nasdaq/Nasdaq Stock Market (Amerika Serikat), NYSE/New York Stock Exchange (New York), SEAQ/Stock Exchange Automated Quotations ( London), Euronext (merger pasar saham antara nagara Paris, Amsterdam, sarta Brussels), TSE/Tokyo Stock Exchange ( [Tokyo]]), SGX/Singapore Exchange (Singapura) Tempat dagang lianna aya dikurang leuwi 69 tempat perdagangan/bursa saham diseluruh dunia.
Karéta api Pangandaran

Karéta api Pangandaran nyaéta karéta api panumpang kelas éksekutip jeung ékonomi AC prémium nu ngalayanan ruteu Gambir-Banjar sarta ruteu Bandung-Banjar jeung sabalikna.
Pikeun ruteu Bandung - Banjar, PT KAI ngalumakukeun tarip promo 1 rupiah salila sabulan ka hareup.
KA Pangandaran dioperasikeun pikeun ngagampilkeun masarakat Priangan Wétan indit-inditan Jakarta, ogé sabalikna, kalawan teu kudu ganti karéta, lantaran ngan KA Serayu wungkul nu ngalayanan ruteu Jakarta-Banjar.
Karéta api ieu ogé boga fungsi ngarojong poténsi pariwisata nu aya di Priangan Wétan, utamana wewengkon Kabupatén Pangandaran anu kasohor miboga loba poténsi pariwisata.
KA Pangandaran ngagunakeun rangkéan karéta éksekutip plus (Stainless Steel/K1 2018) jeung Prémium Plus (Mild Steel/K3 2017) jieunan PT INKA Madiun.
Saacanna ruteu ieu kungsi dilayanan ku karéta api Priangan Éksprés bulan Agustus 2009, ngan ku sabab okupansi anu teu minuhan 60% ti jumlah tempat diuk, jeung ku sabab jadwal anu henteu fleksibel, jadi KA éta eureun beroperasi bulan Désémber di taun nu sarua.
Ngaran Pangandaran dicokot ti Kabupatén Pangandaran anu kasohor ku poténsi pariwisatana sarta perenahna teu jauh ti Stasion Banjar, stasion paeureunan pangtungtungna karéta ieu.
PT Kereta Api Indonesia nyadiakeun angkutan shuttle tuluyan pikeun panumpang KA Pangandaran ti stasion Cibatu ka Kota Garut. Pangoperasian angkutan tuluyan ini pikeun ngagampilkeun panumpang KA Pangandaran anu rék ka Garut atawa sabalikna. Ayana sistem single ticket, panumpang KA Pangandaran bisa langsung ngagunakeun layanan angkutan éta sarta teu kudu meuli tikét deui.
Ieu jadwal lalampahan KA Pangandaran per 1 Désémber 2019 dumasar GAPEKA 2019.
Karéta api
(id) Situs resmi PT Kereta Api Indonesia
Stasion Sawah Besar

Stasion Sawah Besar (SW) (Aksara Sunda Baku: ᮞ᮪ᮒᮞᮤᮇᮔ᮪ ᮞᮝᮂ ᮘᮨᮞᮁ) mangrupa stasion karéta api kelas II anu pererahna di Jalan Krekot Jaya, Pasar Baru, Sawah Besar, Jakarta Pusat. Stasion ieu mangrupa salasahiji ti 7 stasion karéta api di Jakarta anu mangrupa bagian ti jalur rél layang. Stasion anu pererahna dina kaluhuran +15 meter ieu kaasup tina Daérah Operasi I Jakarta. Stasion ieu ngan miboga dua jalur karéta api.
Stasion ieu cukup ramai sabab stasion ieu teu jauh ti Pasar Baru. Stasion Sawah Besar anu beropérasi kiwari statusna kalawan stasion layang di jalur segmen Manggarai-Jakarta Kota. Dina tanggal 5 Juni 1992, Presiden Soeharto sareng Ibu Tien jeung jajaran di pamérintahan ngaresmikeun jalur layang éta jeung naik KRL ti Gambir nuju Stasion Jakarta Kota. Wangunan Stasion Sawah Besar ieu modern sareng sentuhan panél warnana merah muda/pink jeung bodas anu nepi kiwari ieu masih dipertahankeun dan euweuh pernah diubah catna. Dipikayaho, proyék éta anu geus dimimiti dina Februari 1988 nghabiskeun dana tina Rp432,5 miliar rupiah jeung dina nalika diresmikeun saacan sapinuhna réngsé dugi ka operasionalna deui sataun engké.
Koordinat: 6°9′38.4″S 106°49′39.5″E﻿ / ﻿6.160667°S 106.827639°E﻿ / -6.160667; 106.827639
Urab

Urab nyaéta kadaharan/kulinér tradisional nu dijieun tina rupa-rupa bahan sayuran. Kayaning pucuk sampeu, saladah cai, pucuk gedang, kembang gedang, jantung cau, peuteuy sélong nu geus kolot atawa gumading, gedang ngora, jeung sajabana. Tempo ngadaharna ilaharna dibaturan jeung goréng lauk asin , tahu, jeung témpé. Urab dijieun dina rupa-rupa bahan jeung rasa, bisa lada, gurih, semu amis, jeung sajabana kumaha pangaresep baé. Urab mah kadaharan nu méh aya di unggal daérah malahan mah nepi ka Papua ogé aya, atuh nu ngadaharna ti mimiti rakhayat biasa nepika para inohong ogé pada mikaresep. Bahan-bahan urabeun, kiwari geus disayagikeun dina kaayaan beku (frozen). Ditiiskeun dina suhu minus 25°C, bahan-bahan urab ieu bisa ditunda sataun lilana kalawan masih kénéh seger mangsa dipaké.
Abad ka-20

Minangka catetan waktu nu geus kaliwat, abad ka-20 nyaéta taun-taun antara 1901-2000. Dumasar kana pamingpn nagara dimimitian ti 1 Januari 1901 sarta dipungkas 31 Desember 2000. Sababaraha ahli sajarah nganggep jaman ti antara 1914 nepi ka 1991 minangka Abad Kaduapuluh hiji nu Pondok (Short Twentieth Century).
Dina basa sapopoé, disebut "sarébu salapan ratus" (seni), nunjul kana taun 1900-an nepika 1990-an. Abad ka-20 mangrupakeun hiji parobahan anu luar biasa dina kahirupan manusa alatan ayana kamajuan téknologi, médis, sosial, idéological, and international innovations. Terms like genocide, holocaust, nuclear war, and terrorism rose to common language and an influence on the lives of everyday péople. The trends of mechanization of goods and services and networks of global communication, which were begun in the continued at an ever-incréasing pace in the 20th. In spite of the terror and chaos, the 20th century saw many attempts at world péace. As the 35th United States présidént John F. Kennedy said:
"What kind of peace do we seek? I am talking about a genuine peace, the kind of peace that makes life on earth worth living. Not merely peace in our time, but peace in all time. Our problems are man-made, therefore they can be solved by man. For in the final analysis, our most basic common length is that we all inhabit this small planet, we all breath the same air, we all cherish our children's future, and we are all mortal."
Virtually every aspect of life in virtually every human society changed in some fundamental way or another during the twentieth century.
(méasured in numbers of péople killed; also see [1])
Ethereum

Ethereum ( ETH atanapi Ξ ) mangrupa platform blockchain (rantai blok) kalayan fungsionalitas kontrak cerdas. Ethereum boga fungsi kawas mesin virtual nu bisa ngajalankeun kontrak cerdas peer-to-peer jeung cryptocurrency Éther (ETH). Ethereum mangrupa proyék anu dimimitian ku Vitalik Buterin dina taun 2013. Blok mimiti Ethereum kapanggih dina 30 Juli 2015. Éter mangrupa unit token artos tina platform Ethereum. Éter didagangkeun dina séntral mata uang digital atanapi séntral sapertos mata uang kripto sanés. Hargana nalika mimiti dipublikasikeun nyaéta 2,83 USD atawa sarua jeung 41.035 rupiah per kepingna. Ethereum ngawangun jaringan blockchain nu museur kana koin Ethereum. Tapi dina waktuna, harga per chip Ethereum geus nepi ka US $ 3,500 atawa Rp 50,75 juta. Nu ngadegkeun koin bisa nyieun koin sorangan dina jaringan Ethereum. Mangpaat Ethereum bisa meunang dana tina pamekaran koin, distribusi, jeung biaya transaksi anu lumangsung dina jaringan Ethereum. Nyatana, ethereum mangrupa cryptocurrency kadua panggedéna di dunya sanggeus Bitcoin. Naékna Ethereum lumangsung alatan European Investment Bank (EIB) ngaluarkeun obligasi digital dina jaringan Ethereum Nockchain. EIB nyiptakeun jaringan obligasi digital dina jaringan blockchain Ethereum jeung bakal ngaluarkeun obligasi nepi ka 100 juta Euro. Ethereum salaku jaringan desentralisasi anu bisa diwangun ngaliwatan aplikasi sangkan lobatoken cryptocurrency dikaluarkeun maké jaringan Ethereum. Sajaba ti éta, Ehtereum bisa dipaké pikeun ngarobah cara securities traded keur kamajuan nu ngabalukarkeun sagala rupa kreasi duit digital.
Fitur Kontrak Smart
Ethereum nyadiakeun fitur Smart Contract nu ngajalankeun otomatis. Kontrak Smart ditugaskeun pikeun ngiket jangji antara sababaraha pihak. Sanggeus kontrak geus dilakukeun, eusina henteu bisa dirobah deui. Ayana Smart Kontrak ngajadikeun Ethereum teu ukur cocog pikeun pamakéan di lingkungan cryptocurrency, tapi ogé bisa dilarapkeun ka séktor séjén kayaning manajemén rantai pasok.
Aset investasi cair
Ethereum mangrupa aset investasi likuid sabab ayana séntral, platform dagang sareng calo online anu aya di sakumna dunya. Kalayan prosés praktis, pamilik tiasa tukeur Ethereum kana emas atanapi artos.
Téhnologi DeFi
Asup kana ékosistem Ethereum 2.0, jaringan ieu bakal ngagunakeun DeFi, nyaéta téknologi decentralized finance sangkan nyiptakeun sistem keuangan terbuka pikeun pamakéna. Istilah ngarujuk kana platform cryptocurrency peer-to-peer anu ngagampangkeun pinjaman di luar lembaga perbankan tradisional. Loba situs dijalankeun dina jaringan ethereum, maké kode sumber terbuka kalayan algoritma anu netepkeun tarif sacara nyata dumasar kana panawaran jeung paménta.
Batawi

Batawi (Aksara Sunda Baku: ᮅᮛᮀ ᮘᮒᮝᮤ, Urang Batawi) nyaéta hiji séké sélér / étnis bangsa Indonesia utamana anu nyicingan dayeuh Jakarta jeung sabudeureuna. Etnis Batawi geus aya ti jaman batu kénéh (Néolitikum) maranéhna mangrupa campuran tina sababaraha etnis urang Indonésia saperti : Jawa, Sunda, jeung Madura , kecap Batawi geus kapanggih mangsa abad ka 15 (taun 1400-an Masehi) dina Babad Tanah Jawa . Cenah aya ogé anu nyebutkeun Batawi téh hartina jalma anu nyicingan kota Batavia, ari Batavia téh ngaran anu disebut pikeun dayeuh Jakarta mangsa jaman kolonial taya lian abad ka 17.
Kecap Batawi anu mertelakeun hiji étnis sahenteuna geus dipiwanoh ti taun 1923 kénéh, bareng jeung ngadegna hiji paguyuban dina mangsa Hindia Walanda anu nelah Perkoempoelan Kaoem Betawi anu diluluguan ku Husni Thamrin. Kecap Batawi numutkeun sababaraha ahli sajarah asalna tina kecap
Batawi geus aya ti saprak jaman batu kénéh (Neolitikum), Batawi mangrupa hiji kamanunggalan tina sababaraha budaya. Basa, Kasenian, Adat, jeung ageman. Dina lalampahana maranéhna jadi hiji étnis anu mandiri/misah tinu séjén, bisa waé ku alatan sababaraha kaayaan
Abad ka 2 - 5 Masarakat Batawi mangrupa rahayat karajaan Salakanagara, di mana puseur pamaréntahan aya di suku Gunung Salak, Bogor. Ku kamajuan urusan dagang jeung Cina dina taun 432 kungsi ngirimkeun utusan ka éta nagara dina urusan balantik. Nincak abad ka 5 di palebah sisi susukan Citarum, ngadeg karajaan Hindu taya lian Tarumanagara anu mangrupa kapanjangan ti Karajaan Salakanagara, anu mindahkeun puseur dayeuh karajaanna ka dinya. Rahayat asli Batawi jadi rahayat karajaan Tarumanagara anu mana puseur dayeuna aya di sisi susukan Candrabagha, anu ku Poerbatjaraka diidentifikasi mangrupa susukan Bekasi. Dumasar kana kecap Candra anu hartina Bulan jeung Bhagasasi atawa Bekasi, anu kiwari pernahna aya di wétaneun Jakarta.
Karajaan Tarumanagara diéléhkeun ku karajaan Sriwijaya (Budha), tiwangkid harida mimiti juljol urang malayu Sumatra daratang tur ngadegkeun imah-imah di sisi basisir Jakarta, lalaunan basa Melayu mimiti dipaké dina basa sapopoé ngaganti basa Kawi anu geus dipaké saméméhna, sanajan mimitinamah ngan saukur di sabudeureun basisir tempat urang Melayu nganjrek, tapi lila kaliaan éta basa Melayu nepi ogé ka daérah anu pernahna di suku gunung Gedé. Nincak abad ka 10, dimimitian aya pacéngkadan taya lian urang Melayu (karajaan Sriwijaya) jeung urang Jawa taya lian ti karajaan Kediri, pamustungana nya kakawasaan ngeunaan laut jeung basisir dibagi dua: Beulah kulon ti mimiti walungan Cimanuk jeung Sunda kalapa dikawasa ku Sriwijaya ; Beulah wetanna mimiti kediri dikawasa ku karajaan Kediri. Dumasar ieu kaayaan Sriwijaya minta bantuan ka Syailendra ti Jawa Tengah pingeun mantuan ngaroris lautan beulah kulon anu jadi kakawasaana. Tapi lila kalilaan Syailendra mimiti henteu ka untup, ninggali kitu Sriwijaya kapaksa ngadatangkeun migran urang Melayu ti kalimantan pikeun ngajaga laut beulah kulon (Kalapa), mangsa ieu pisan nyebarna basa Malayu di karajaan Kalapa, rahayatna anu tadina ngagunakeun basa Sunda Kawi dina basa sapopoé kalindih ku basa Melayu.
Indonesian 2,000 rupiah note

The Indonesian two thousand rupiah banknote (Rp2,000) is a denomination of the Indonesian rupiah. First introduced on July 9, 2009, it was made legal tender the following day and has since been modified two times, first in 2016 and then in 2022. All notes of this denomination are printed in cotton paper since its introduction.
The first Rp2,000 note was gray and featured the portrait of Prince Antasari on its obverse and a depiction of a Dayak traditional dance on its reverse. Its security features include a watermark of Prince Antasari himself, a security thread with the repeating words "BI2000" that shines red under black light, microtext, a see-through image of Bank Indonesia's logo, relief printing, and a rectangular blind code in intaglio on the lower left part of the obverse.
The second issue of the Rp2,000 note was released on December 19, 2016. The green-gray note, which had a size of 141 mm × 65 mm (5.6 in × 2.6 in) and weighed 80 g (2.8 oz), featured the image of the national hero Mohammad Husni Thamrin on its obverse and depictions of the Sianok Canyon, the Tari Piring traditional dance, and champaka flower on its reverse. Its security features include microtext, intaglio printing, a see-through image, a security thread, a watermark of Prince Antasari, a latent image, and ultraviolet ink.
Notes of this series were sometimes confused with the higher-denominated 20,000 rupiah note from the same 2016 series, which was similar in color, denomination, design, and size. Bank Indonesia predicts that this note, alongside other notes of the 2016 series, will cease to be legal tender around 2025 or 2026.
The third issue of the Rp2,000 note was released on August 17, 2022, on Indonesia's 77th independence day. Although its obverse and reverse design remained the same, the banknote's size was reduced to 126 mm × 65 mm (5.0 in × 2.6 in) while its color scheme made colorful (in contrast to the previous series' monochrome) and its weight increased to 90 g (3.2 oz). Its security features include a security thread, ultraviolet ink art, intaglio printing, blind codes, a plastic coating that also increases its durability, a see-through image of the Bank Indonesia logo, and a watermark of Mohammad Husni Thamrin.
It is reported that these notes are sometimes confused with the higher-denominated 50,000 rupiah note of the same 2022 series.
Riau rupiah

The Riau rupiah was a distinct currency of the Riau Archipelago between 1963 and 1964. It replaced the Malaya and British Borneo dollar at par and was replaced by the Indonesian rupiah at the rate of 1 Riau rupiah = 14.7 Indonesian rupiah.
Riau, though part of Dutch and Indonesian territory, was economically under the influence of neighbouring Malaya. [1] In order to affirm its fiscal stake in the region, a decree was passed on 15 October 1963 to replace the Malaya and British Borneo dollar (the circulating currency) with an Indonesian-issued currency, the Riau rupiah, which replaced the dollar at par. Although the Riau rupiah resembled the Indonesian rupiah in appearance, it had a much higher value. Malayan money was withdrawn from 1 November 1963. The Riau rupiah was exchangeable as a foreign currency with the Indonesian rupiah.
The Riau rupiah was much shorter lived than the West Irian rupiah (which circulated from May 1963 until 1971), and, by Presidential decree effective from 1 July 1964, the Riau rupiah was no longer a valid currency, being replaced by the Indonesian rupiah at a rate of 1 Riau rupiah = 14.7 Indonesian rupiah. [2]
Coins were issued in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 sen. All were minted in aluminium and dated 1962. They bore the identifying inscription "Kepulauan Riau" on their edge (cf. West Irian rupiah#Coins).
Bank Indonesia notes were printed by Indonesian printer Pertjetakan Kebajoran dated "1960" with the overprint 'Riau' in denominations of 5, 10 and 100 rupiah, all carrying the image of President Sukarno but with colour and other design differences. Lower denomination notes, under Indonesian (and previously Netherlands Indies) law were the issuing privilege of the Indonesian government, and for Riau bore the date "1961" with the overprint "Riau", in 1 and 2 ½ rupiah denominations.
Identical notes, but for the overprint, were used for the West Irian rupiah in 1964. The five notes issued in Riau, the 5, 10, and 100 rupiah notes, minus the "Riau" overprint, plus the 1 and 2½ rupiah note designs, redated "1964", were then also used as Indonesian rupiah notes in 1965.
Green (1) and blue (2½) variants of the 1 and 2½ notes had also incidentally been printed, intended for issue in North Borneo, which Indonesia saw as a possible extension to its territory due to the power vacuum in the region at that time.
List of Indonesian provinces by Human Development Index

This is a list of Indonesian provinces by Human Development Index as of 2024. The data are regularly published every year by Statistics Indonesia. Below also contains list of cities and regencies that has classification of very high HDI as of 2024, as well as historical data of HDI of Indonesian provinces.
The figures come from the Indonesia Human Development Report, published by Statistics Indonesia and Human Development Index (by UN Method) of Indonesian provinces since 1990 (2021 revision).
Source published by Statistics Indonesia.
Chorro de Agua Fría

El Chorro de Agua Fría es una cascada ubicada en el departamento de Tacuarembó, Uruguay.
Con una caída de aproximadamente 14 metros es el salto de agua ininterrumpido más alto del Uruguay.
El Chorro de Agua Fría, se ubica sobre una profunda quebrada rodeada de enormes paredones rocosos. El Arroyo de la Quebrada Chico cae libremente desde la parte más alta hacia un cúmulo de rocas en la parte inferior.​ La topografía abrupta del sitio da lugar a la formación de un microclima tropical en el que se desarrolla una gran biodiversidad de especies vegetales y animales. Entre ellos se pueden destacar los numerosos ejemplares de musgos y helechos, así como también grandes ombúes.
Ituzaingó (Uruguay)

Ituzaingó es una localidad uruguaya del departamento de San José.
La localidad se encuentra ubicada en la zona este del departamento de San José, en las costas del arroyo de la Virgen, límite con el departamento de Florida, y junto a la ruta 79. Dista 2 km de la localidad floridense de 25 de Agosto, y 5 km de la ciudad canaria de Santa Lucía. Posee estación de ferrocarril sobre el ramal 25 de Agosto-Colonia en su km 67.​
De origen guaraní el nombre significa cascada o catarata de agua: y - agua, tu - abundante, sãingo - colgante.
La localidad fue fundada por Pedro Moré el 23 de octubre de 1875. Mantuvo su auge hasta finales del siglo XIX, momento en que la estación Rodríguez lo desplazó como centro administrativo de la región. Fue elevada a la categoría de villa por ley 13.167 del 15 de octubre de 1963.​​
Según el censo del año 2011 la localidad contaba con una población de 771 habitantes.
Escudo de Lavalleja

El Escudo de Lavalleja consta de tres franjas horizontales de color azul, blanco y rojo. En su interior contiene un dibujo del Sol de Mayo, que ilumina el Cerro Arequita. En la parte inferior izquierda del mismo figuran un arado y una parva de trigo, y en la parte derecha un toro, los tres símbolos de la riqueza del departamento.
Arriba y abajo del dibujo, y en letras blancas, figuraba la leyenda Municipio de Lavalleja.
La Intendencia de Lavalleja, comunicó a la población, que por Decreto N.º 2882 de la Junta Departamental de Lavalleja, recaído en Expediente N.º 11422/2010, en su Artículo N.º 1 se adopta a partir de la promulgación del presente Decreto la denominación “Intendencia Departamental de Lavalleja” en lugar de “Intendencia Municipal de Lavalleja”. El Artículo N.º 2 establece que se sustituye en el Escudo del Departamento de Lavalleja el término “Municipio” por el término “Departamento”.
Manuel Lavalleja

El capitán Juan Joaquín Manuel Eustaquio Lavalleja y de la Torre (Minas, 20 de septiembre de 1797 - Salto, 9 de julio de 1852) fue un militar uruguayo, soldado y oficial del general Gervasio Artigas.​ «Servidor de la Independencia», fue uno de los Treinta y Tres Orientales.​
Era hijo de Manuel Esteban Pérez de la Valleja Gómez (1757-1800) ―exmilitar y estanciero español acomodado, originario de la aldea de Bielva (en Cantabria)― y de Ramona Justina de la Torre Ábalos​ ―española también―.​
Ellos tuvieron nueve hijos:​
1) brigadier general Juan Antonio Lavalleja y de la Torre (Minas, 24 de junio de 1784 - Montevideo, 22 de octubre de 1853), quien sería presidente de Uruguay;
2) María Juliana Lavalleja y de la Torre (17 de febrero de 1787), casada con José de la Puente, viudo comerciante de Montevideo, quien de sus primeras nupcias tenía al menos una hija, Juana Faustina de la Puente González, quien se casaría con Manuel Lavalleja.​
3) Josefa de la Cruz Lavalleja y de la Torre (13 de septiembre de 1785), casada con Felipe Iglesias, comerciante de Paysandú;​​
4) María Magdalena Lavalleja y de la Torre (22 de julio de 1788), casada con Gorgonio Aguiar, capitán de Artigas desaparecido en Paraguay.​
5) Francisca Paula Lavalleja y de la Torre (9 de marzo de 1790), que falleció soltera, compañera inseparable de Ana Monterroso (la esposa del general Juan Antonio Lavalleja).​
6) Fermín Benito Lavalleja y de la Torre (7 de julio de 1794), que falleció soltero en Melo.​​
7) Antonia Lavalleja y de la Torre (25 de abril de 1796), casada con Pedro Sierra, hermano de Atanasio Sierra, uno de los Treinta y Tres Orientales.​
8) Marcelina Lavalleja y de la Torre (Minas, 25 de abril de 1796 - Paysandú, 27 de enero de 1880),​ que falleció soltera.​
9) Juan Joaquín Manuel Eustaquio Lavalleja y de la Torre (Minas, 20 de septiembre de 1797 - Salto, 9 de julio de 1852), el biografiado en este artículo;
El 20 de agosto de 1826 se casó en Las Piedras con Juana Faustina de la Puente González, hija del cuñado de Manuel, el comerciante montevideano José de la Puente (quien estaba casado con su hermana María Juliana, diez años mayor que Manuel).​ De este matrimonio no quedaron hijos.​
Fue capitán durante la ocupación portuguesa a las órdenes de Rivera.​
Emigró luego a Buenos Aires.​ Regresó junto a su hermano Juan Antonio en la heroica cruzada de 1825, dentro del grupo de los Treinta y Tres Orientales.​​ Fue tomado prisionero por el ejército brasileño y enviado a Río de Janeiro.​
Actuó luego de la Independencia​ como jefe político de la villa de Salto.
Manuel Lavalleja «murió del corazón, como todos los Lavalleja», en sus campos cerca de la desaparecida aldea de Cañas,​ en la región de Salto, siendo jefe político, el 9 de julio de 1852.​
También en la ciudad de Buenos Aires y en el partido de Lanús, Argentina.
Cascadas del Purgatorio

Las cascadas del Purgatorio son un conjunto de cascadas situadas en la zona central de la sierra de Guadarrama (sierra perteneciente al Sistema Central), en la cabecera del valle del Lozoya, en la vertiente norte de la alineación montañosa de Cuerda Larga. Administrativamente están dentro del término municipal de Rascafría, en el noroeste de la Comunidad de Madrid (España).
La cascada se localiza en el arroyo del Aguilón, uno de los más caudalosos afluentes del río Lozoya, en el punto en que supera una barrera rocosa.
Para llegar, está restringido el acceso de vehículos, únicamente se puede acceder a pie, ni tan siquiera en bicicleta ni con niños pequeños. La única ruta utilizada por los excursionistas, de 6,300km de longitud, parte del monasterio de Santa María del Paular, desde este punto, se atraviesa el puente del Perdón que queda enfrente y de aquí se continua por la antigua carretera de Madrid, el Camino Viejo de Madrid.
Tras un desvío a la izquierda señalizado, se llega a un puente de madera, donde comienza un sendero serpenteante y estrecho, de 1,5km de longitud, que remonta el arroyo del Aguilón, llegando así a un mirador de madera situado en frente de la cascada.
Montañas Rocosas de Canadá

Las Montañas Rocosas canadienses (en inglés, Canadian Rockies; en francés, Rocheuses canadiennes) es una cordillera localizada en Norteamérica, el sector de las Montañas Rocosas que se encuentra en Canadá, discurriendo por las provincias de Alberta y Columbia Británica. Una parte de este sector también corre por la parte norte de los estados de Idaho y Montana. El extremo norte de las Rocosas canadienses está en la llanura del río Liard, en la Columbia Británica.
Dentro de las Montañas Rocosas canadienses se han establecido cinco parques nacionales, cuatro de ellos entrelazan y forman el Parque Patrimonio de la Humanidad Parque de las Montañas Rocosas Canadienses. Estos cuatro parques son el parque nacional Banff, el parque nacional Jasper, el parque nacional Yoho y el parque nacional Kootenay. El parque nacional que no está incluido en el Patrimonio de la Humanidad es el parque nacional Waterton, que no está unido con los demás (se encuentra más al sur, a lo largo de la frontera internacional).
El sitio de Patrimonio Mundial también incluye tres parques provinciales de Columbia Británica que unen los cuatro parques nacionales: Hamber, el monte Assiniboines y el monte Robson. Juntos, todos estos parques nacionales y provinciales se han declarado un solo sitio de Patrimonio Mundial de la Unesco en 1984, para los paisajes de montaña únicos que se encuentran allí, compuesto por picos, glaciares, lagos, cascadas, cañones y cuevas de piedra caliza, así como los fósiles (por ejemplo, el Burgess Shale, una vez fue un sitio del Patrimonio Mundial en su propio derecho, es ahora parte de las montañas Rocosas Canadienses.
Aguas Blancas (Lavalleja)

Aguas Blancas es un pequeño poblado situado al sur del departamento de Lavalleja, Uruguay. Pertenece a la 2ª sección judicial con cabeza en el Municipio de Solís de Mataojo. Está ubicado en una zona de sierras, denominada Abra, de Zabaleta perteneciente a la Sierra de las Ánimas, a la altura del km 91 de la Ruta 8, a 28 km de la capital departamental Minas. Se puede acceder a ella a través de la Ruta Panorámica Ruta 81. Cuenta con un embalse o represa construida sobre las aguas del Arroyo Mataojo, en la década del 40 del siglo XX, como proyecto de irrigación de plantaciones frutales en la zona del valle de dicho curso de aguas.
Por ser una zona de represa es ideal para la pesca y la navegación. Es un lugar visitado los fines de semana para descansar y el disfrute de la naturaleza. Existe en el paraje un camping municipal que cuenta con parcelas, luz eléctrica, agua potable, baños con agua caliente, parrilleros, lavadero de ropa y vajilla, zona de baños, pesca, y navegación en el lago. Hay canchas de fútbol y vóley, almacén, y vigilancia. En la zona se pueden ver chivos salvajes y diferentes tipos de aves. Este sitio está ubicado en un punto estratégico ya que se puede llegar desde Punta del Este por Ruta Nacional Ruta 60 y de Montevideo por Ruta Nacional RN 8. Está cerca de Solís de Mataojo, 17 km ciudad que cuenta con todos los servicios necesarios y a través del denominado camino a la Falda ,carretera de tosca se comunica con esta última localidad y la ciudad de Minas pasando por hondonadas, quebradas y valles recorridos por pequeños cursos de agua que bajan de las alturas. Además este lugar se sitúa en el entorno místico del Templo Budista ubicado en la cima de un cerro, que se puede visitar.​​
Salto del Penitente

El Salto del Penitente es un salto de agua de más de sesenta metros de longitud, en Uruguay, más exactamente en el departamento de Lavalleja cerca de su capital, la ciudad de Minas, donde se ubica el Parque Salto del Penitente.
El ingreso al parque puede realizarse por dos rutas de ingreso, la primera se encuentra en el km 125 de la ruta 8. A partir de la entrada hay que recorrer 16 km por un camino de balasto entre las sierras de que permite apreciar el paisaje del lugar. La segunda, inicia en el km 134, desde donde se recorren 9 km de camino sinuoso vituminizado.
El parque abarca unas 45 hectáreas, de las cuales aproximadamente cuatro fueron donadas a la Intendencia de Lavalleja por Francisco Ferber, para que el público pudiera hacer uso responsable del lugar y disfrutar la belleza del sitio.
En 2003 se construyeron infraestructuras para la recepción de visitantes, conformadas por un parador, estacionamiento y servicios para un futuro camping. El parador está enclavado en las rocas, sobre el salto, del cual se tiene una vista considerable. La construcción es moderna, con enormes ventanales que posibilitan visualizar el extenso panorama natural que el sitio ofrece.
Desde 2004 el Parque Salto del Penitente es dirigido por Alberto Vignale, un productor agropecuario. El complejo, además del parador y del restaurante, cuenta con los llamados "refugios", que consisten en una construcción de madera con habitaciones y salón de uso común, se han ampliado los servicios, generándose una zona de camping en el potrero anexo que se ubica en un predio privado, arrendado para tal fin. También se alquilan caballos para cabalgata y recorridas. Desde 2007 se desarrollan actividades de turismo aventura y naturaleza, como escalada, rappel, tirolesa, mountainbike, orientación y paseos en la naturaleza.
Abrazo del Arroyo Monzón

Se denomina Abrazo del Monzón a un episodio de la Cruzada Libertadora de los 33 Orientales. En las márgenes del arroyo Monzón, el general Fructuoso Rivera se unió al grupo comandado por el general Juan Antonio Lavalleja, que luchó por liberar al territorio oriental del dominio brasileño.
El 29 de abril de 1825, a orillas del arroyo Monzón, Lavalleja montó un aparente cuerpo oculto a Rivera y logró capturarlo prisionero. Lavalleja luego en sus cartas a su esposa decía “El 29 a las once de la mañana lo tomé con seis oficiales”, de forma que los brasileños creyeran que su comandante de la Campaña era un prisionero, cuando en realidad se había sumado a la revolución. Este hecho tuvo una gran importancia porque determinó que muchos otros caudillos menores, entre ellos Julián Laguna, se incorporaran al movimiento revolucionario.
En la actualidad se discute la naturaleza y los detalles de este episodio, pero los hechos históricos posteriores, muestran que al sumarse a la Cruzada Libertadora, el general Fructuoso Rivera, precipitaría la creación del Estado Oriental del Uruguay, con su acción, conocida en la historia uruguaya como, "Campaña de Rivera a las Misiones Orientales".​