davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
عظیم پریم جی

عظیم پریم جی (انگریزی: Azim Premji) ایک سرکرہ بھارتی تاجر، سرمایہ کار، انجیننئر اور سماجی خدمت گزار ہیں۔ وہ وپرو کمپنی کے صدر نشین بھی ہیں۔ وہ بورڈ کے غیر ایگزیکیٹیو رکن اور بانی صدر نشین ہیں۔ غیر رسمی طور طور پر وہ بھارت کی انفارمیشن ٹیکنالوجی صنعت کے فرماں روا تصور کیے جاتے ہیں۔
29 اپریل 2021ء کو موصولہ اطلاع کے مطابق وپرو کمپنی کے صدر نشین عظیم پریم جی نے اپنی کمپنی اور رفاہی فاؤنڈیشن کی طرف سے کورونا مرض کے عام ہونے کے بعد سے ہر روز ₹22 کروڑ کا عطیہ دیا۔ نوٹ کردہ تاریخ تک انھوں نے ₹7,904 کا عطیہ دیا۔ فوربز کے مطابق وہ کورونا وائرس سے لڑنے کے لیے دنیا کے تیسرے سب سے بڑے عطیہ کنندے بن کر ابھرے ہیں اور سب سے زیادہ دس عطیہ کنندوں میں نام پانے والے واحد بھارتی ہیں۔
سپلا

سپلا لیمیٹیڈ (انگریزی: Cipla) ایک بھارتی بین الاقوامی دوا ساز کمپنی ہے جس کا صدر مقام ممبئی، بھارت میں واقع ہے۔ سپلا بنیادی طور پر سانس لینے، دل میں رکاوٹ سے جڑی بیماری، ہڈیوں، وزن پر گرفت اور تناؤ سے متعلق دوائیں تیار کرتی ہے۔ اس کمپنی کے بانی خواجہ عبدالحمید ہیں جب کہ وائی کے حمید اس کے موجودہ صدرنشین ہیں۔
23 اپریل 2019ء کو سپلا نے راجو مِستری کو عالمی عوامی صدر افسر یا گلوبل چیف پیلز آفیسر کے طور پر متعین کیا۔
مارچ 2021ء کے اختتام تک سپلا کا خالص منافع مارچ 2020ء کی سہ ماہی کے مقابلے 245.95 کروڑ روپے سے بڑھ کر 413.38 کروڑ روپے ہو گیا، جو 68.07% سہ ماہی اضافہ دکھاتا ہے۔ کمپنی کی فروختگی مارچ 2020ء کے 4301.60 کروڑ روپے سے بڑھ کر 4584.88 کروڑ روپے درج ہوئی جو 6.59% اضافے کا اشارہ ہے۔ جہاں مارچ 2020ء کو ختم ہونے والے مکمل مالی سال میں خالص منافع 1546.52 روپے تھا، وہاں مارچ 2021ء کو ختم ہونے والے مالی سال میں یہ بڑھ کر 2404.87 کروڑ روپے ہو گیا جو 55.50% اضافے کا اشارہ ہے۔
جیو (ریلائنس)

جیو (انگریزی: Jio) ریلائنس کمیونکیشن لیمیٹیڈ اور مکیش امبانی کی زیر ملکیت ایک موبائل خدمت ہے۔ یہ بھارت میں شروع ہی سے 4 جی سے جاری ہونے والی خدمت رہی ہے۔ یعنی یہ کہ اس میں 2 جی یا 3 جی کا کوئی اختیار ایک سرے سے تھا ہی نہیں۔ 2015ء میں یہ خدمات جاری ہوئے۔ اور اس کے فروغ کے لیے ملک کی ہر گلی اور ہر نکڑ پر کمپنی کا نمائندہ مفت میں سِم تقسیم کر رہا تھا۔ اس کا نتینجہ یہ ہوا کہ بہت کم عرصے میں جیو کے بے شمار گاہک ملک بھر میں تیار ہو گئے۔ مفت خدمات کے ختم ہونے کے بعد بھی کئی لوگ ریلائنس سے جڑے رہے۔
ریلائنس جیو کی ٹیلی کام 2024ء کے منافع میں 12 فیصد کا اضافہ درج کیا گیا ہے۔ جیو نے انکشاف کیا ہے کہ اس نے پہلی سہ ماہی میں 5,445 کروڑ روپے کا خالص منافع کمایا ہے۔ ریلائنس انڈسٹریز کی ٹیلی کام کی ذیلی کمپنی نے 26,478 کروڑ روپے کے آپریشنز سے آمدنی کی اطلاع دی، جو گذشتہ مالی سال کی اسی مدت میں کمپنی کے ذریعہ رپورٹ کردہ 24,042 کروڑ روپے سے 10 فیصد زیادہ ہے، ایک ریگولیٹری فائلنگ میں کہا گیا ہے۔ ریلائنس کے علاوہ، دیگر کمپنیاں جنھوں نے اپنے پہلے سہ ماہی کے نتائج کا اعلان کیا ان میں ون، بی پی سی ایل ، جے ایس ڈبلیث اسٹیل، وپرو اور دیگر کمپنیاں شامل ہیں۔
اسکندریہ

اسکندریہ (Alexandria) مصر کا دوسرا سب سے بڑا شہر اور اس کی سب سے بڑی بندر گاہ ہے۔ اسکندریہ شمال وسطی مصر میں بحیرہ روم کے کنارے 20 میل (32 کلومیٹر) کے علاقے پر پھیلا ہوا ہے۔ یہ ایک تاریخی شہر اور سوئز کے راستے قدرتی گیس اور تیل کی پائپ لائنوں کے باعث اہم صنعتی مرکز ہے۔
زمانہ قدیم میں یہ شہر اسکندریہ کے روشن مینار (لائٹ ہاؤس) کے باعث مشہور تھا جو 7 عجائبات عالم میں شامل ہے۔ اس کے علاوہ زمانہ قدیم میں اسکندریہ کا کتب خانہ بھی اس کی وجہ شہرت تھا جو اپنے وقت کا سب سے بڑا کتب خانہ تھا۔
اس شہر کو 334 قبل مسیح (متنازع تاریخ) میں سکندر اعظم نے بسایا تھا اور اسی کے نام پر آج تک "اسکندریہ" کہلاتا ہے۔
مسلمانوں نے 14 ماہ کے محاصرے کے بعد 641ء میں عمرو بن عاص کی زیر قیادت اس شہر کو فتح کیا۔ 645ء میں بازنطینی بحری بیڑے نے شہر کو حاصل کر لیا لیکن اگلے سال تک دوبارہ کھو بیٹھا۔
642ء میں جنگ کے دوران لائبریری اور دیگر مشہور عمارات تباہ ہوگئیں۔ روشن مینار 14 ویں صدی میں زلزلے سے تباہ ہوا اور 1700ء تک یہ شہر ایک چھوٹے سے قصبے کی صورت اختیار کرگیا۔
1810ء میں مصر کے عثمانی گورنر محمد علی پاشا نے شہر کو دوبارہ تعمیر کرنے کا آغاز کیا اور 1850ء تک اسکندریہ ماضی کی عظمتیں حاصل کرنے میں کامیاب ہو گیا۔
جولائی 1882ء میں شہر برطانوی بحری افواج کی بمباری کی زد میں آیا اور انھوں سے اس پر قبضہ کر لیا۔
محافظہ اسکندریہ

محافظہ اسکندریہ ( عربی: الإسكندرية ) مصر کا ایک رہائشی علاقہ جو مصر میں واقع ہے۔
محافظہ اسکندریہ کی مجموعی آبادی 4,187,509 افراد پر مشتمل ہے۔
جدید کتب خانہ اسکندریہ

ببلیوتھیکا الیگژینڈریہ ( اسکندریہ کا جدید کتب خانہ ) Bibliotheca Alexandrina ( لاطینی بمعنی "لائبریری آف اسکندریہ" (عربی: مكتبة الإسكندرية)‏ Maktabet al-Eskendereyya، مصری عربی: [mækˈtæb(e)t eskendeˈɾejjæ] ) مصری شہر اسکندریہ میں بحیرہ روم کے ساحل پر ایک بڑا کتب خانہ اور ثقافتی مرکز ہے۔ یہ جدید کتب خانہ اسکندریہ قدیم کتب خانہ کی یادگار ہے جو قدیم زمانے میں نیست و نابود کر دیا گیا تھا۔ قدیم کتب خانے کو بحال کرنے کا خیال 1974 میں لوگوں کے ذہن میں آیا اور جامعہ اسکندریہ نے ایک کمیٹی تشکیل دی۔ اس کے لیے ‍ ‍ زمینیں خریدی گئیں اور تعمیرات کا کام 1995 میں شروع کیا گیا۔ تقریباً 220 ملین امریکی ڈالر خرچ ہوئے۔ کتب خانہ کا باضابطہ افتتاح 16 اکتوبر 2002 کو کیا گیا۔ 2010 میں کتب خانے کو فرانس کے قومی کتب خانے نے 500,000 کتابوں کا عطیہ دیا۔
لائبریری میں 80 لاکھ کتابوں کے لیے الماریوں کی جگہ فراہم ہے۔مرکزی ریڈنگ روم 20,000 مربع میٹر (220,000 مربع فٹ) پر محیط ہے۔ اس کے احاطے میں ایک کانفرنس سینٹر بھی ہے۔ اس کے علاوہ نقشوں، ملٹی میڈیا، نابینا اور بصارت سے محروم افراد، نوجوانوں اور بچوں کے لیے خصوصی لائبریریاں، چار عجائب گھر، عارضی نمائشوں کے لیے چار آرٹ گیلریاں، 15 مستقل نمائشیں، ایک سیارہ اور مخطوطات کی بحالی کی لیبارٹری وغیرہ کی سہولیات یہاں موجود ہیں۔
8 ملین کتابیں رکھی جا سکتی ہیں۔
Abidali Neemuchwala

Abidali Zainuddin Neemuchwala (born 8 December 1967) is an Indian business executive. He was the chief executive officer (CEO) and managing director (MD) of Wipro from February 2016 to June 2020. On 31 January 2020, Wipro announced that he would be stepping down due to family commitments, once a successor is appointed.
Neemuchwala, who had been group president and chief operating officer (COO) of Wipro from April 2015, was appointed CEO with effect from 1 February 2016. He previously was the CEO of the BPO division of Tata Consultancy Services Limited.
Neemuchwala has a bachelor's in engineering (BE) degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from National Institute of Technology, Raipur, and a master's degree in Industrial Management from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay.
Neemuchwala joined Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) in 1992 after graduating from IIT Bombay and worked there for 23 years, rising to the head of business process services. Mentored by the then TCS CEO and current chairman of Tata Sons, Natarajan Chandrasekaran, Neemuchwala was instrumental in turning around the fortunes of TCS BPO. His working style is often compared to that of Chandrasekaran. He was awarded the BPO CEO of the Year in 2010 and 2012. At TCS, Neemuchwala was responsible for over 12 percent of the company's revenues. He was honoured by the Shared Services Organisation of IPQC for his contribution to the industry.
Neemuchwala was appointed group president and COO in April 2015. As the COO, Neemuchwala spearheaded several initiatives that helped create a more nimble and agile organization, and accelerated Wipro's ability to not only respond to customers in the digital age, but also ensure deeper employee engagement. On 1 February 2016, he was appointed CEO and executive director of Wipro succeeding T.K. Kurien. As CEO, Neemuchwala oversees $8 billion in revenue and more than 160,000 employees serving clients across six continents. In September 2018, Neemuchwala helped land Wipro its largest deal ever with a $1.5 billion, 10-year contract with Alight Solutions. In July 2019, he was appointed managing director (MD) of Wipro following the retirement of Azim Premji. He is on the board of directors of Wipro Limited and the World Affairs Council of Dallas/Fort Worth. He sits on the CEO Council of the Texas Economic Development Corporation.
On 31 January 2020, Wipro announced that Neemuchwala would be stepping down due to family commitments, once a successor is appointed.
On 30 May 2020, Wipro appointed former Capgemini COO Thierry Delaporte as its CEO.
Wipro Enterprises

Wipro Enterprises Private Limited is an Indian multinational corporation primarily operating in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG), lighting, hydraulic cylinders, industrial automation, 3D printing, aerospace component manufacturing, and industrial water treatment sectors. The company is predominantly owned by Azim Premji, his associates, and charitable trusts linked to the Premji family. Established in 2012, it originated as a demerger of the non-IT business divisions from Wipro Limited, its parent entity, to streamline focus on technology services under the latter.
Wipro Consumer Care and Lighting (WCCLG) operates in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector, focusing on personal care, home care, lighting, and seating products. Founded in 1945 as Western India Vegetable Products Limited, the company initially produced vegetable oil under the brand "Sunflower Vanaspati" and later expanded into laundry bars with the "787" brand. Over time, it diversified into personal care offerings, including popular toilet soap brands such as Santoor, Chandrika, Aramusk, and Yardley Its home care portfolio includes Wipro Safewash, Softouch, Maxkleen, and Giffy. The lighting division markets products like LED lights and Smartlite CFL. Notably, Santoor ranks among the top-selling soap brands in South India.
In 2023, WCCLG achieved a revenue milestone of ₹10,000 crore (US$1.2 billion).
In September 2019, WCCLG launched Wipro Consumer Care Ventures, a corporate venture capital arm to invest in startups across India and Southeast Asia. By 2022, the fund had invested in seven Indian companies, including direct-to-consumer (D2C) brands. In March 2022, it expanded its portfolio by investing in a Singapore-based venture capital fund.
Wipro Infrastructure Engineering (WIN) is the hydraulics division of Wipro Enterprises, specializing in the manufacturing of hydraulic cylinders, truck cylinders, and related components since its establishment in 1976 as part of Wipro Limited. The division also operates in the industrial water treatment sector. WIN supplies hydraulic cylinders to global original equipment manufacturers (OEMs).
Wipro 3D, a subsidiary under WIN, operates India’s largest fully integrated metal additive manufacturing facility, offering end-to-end 3D printing solutions.
Wipro Enterprises, along with Wipro Limited and the Azim Premji Foundation, pledged ₹1,125 crore in 2020 to address the COVID-19 pandemic, supporting healthcare infrastructure, migrant workers, and vaccination efforts.
The Santoor Scholarship Programme, initiated by Wipro Enterprises, focuses on empowering underprivileged girls through education in the states of Karnataka, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh.
Wipro Cares, the corporate social responsibility (CSR) arm of Wipro Enterprises, works in areas such as education, primary healthcare, environmental sustainability, and disaster rehabilitation.
Vivek Paul

Vivek Paul (born 1958) is an Indian-American business executive and entrepreneur. He served as the vice-chairman of Wipro and CEO of its flagship business, Wipro Technologies. He also worked as a senior executive at General Electric, private equity investor at TPG, and a strategy consultant at Bain. He is also the founder of KineticGlue, a tech startup that was successfully sold to BMC. He has served on several boards, including the California Chamber of Commerce, Electronic Arts, and on the advisory council of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
Vivek Paul was born in a Brahmin family in Bombay, India. He did schooling in St. Columba's School, New Delhi. He received Bachelor of Engineering degree from BITS Pilani and MBA from University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Paul began his business career at PepsiCo.
In 1990, Paul was part of the founding team of WiproGE Medical Systems. He became its CEO in 1993. The joint venture started as a sales and service arm, went on to manufacturing, and then design and build of medical equipment, becoming India's largest exporter of high value electronics goods. Paul was then asked to lead GE's worldwide CT scanner business. Paul reorganized operations across its China, Japan and US operations, and launched GE as the first major multi-detector CT provider. The work in complex product development became a foundation of "Design For Six Sigma".. In one of the books about Jack Welch, Paul was cited as among the top five All Star CEOs from GE.
In 1999, Paul was asked to become vice chairman of Wipro and CEO of its outsourcing unit. Wipro was a $150-million company when Vivek Paul took over, and it had all the tendencies of a small, traditional company. Paul has been credited with creating a global business and for much of Wipro's growth into a multibillion-dollar company. On 19 October 2000, Wipro was listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Paul was recognized as among the top 6 managers in the world by Jack Welch in one of his books, as well as by several business magazines.
In June 2005, Paul joined private equity firm, TPG Capital, as an investing partner spanning various fund classes, from buyout to Asia to venture capital. He went on to be a founding partner of TPG Growth, a fund focused on growth capital for midsize companies. He resigned from TPG in December 2008.
Founded KineticGlue, a cloud-based enterprise social media application in 2008. Sold company to BMC in 2013.
Paul co-founded the Microbiome Alliance at Stanford, and was the driving force behind the first Microbiome Symposium at Stanford in 2014. The sixth annual Stanford Microbiome Symposium will be held in September 2021. Paul also co-chaired the Biodesign program of 2014–2015.
Paul served on the board of Electronic Arts from 2005 to 2019, and was chair of its CEO selection committee in 2013.
Paul has served on the advisory council of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, on the board of the California Chamber of Commerce, on the board of the U.S.-India Business Council, and on the Senate of BITS Pilani.
Capco

Capco is a business and technology management consultancy, operating primarily in the financial services and energy sectors. Capco's operational headquarters are in London, England (approx. 1,500 consultants), with 32 offices across the Americas, Europe, and Asia Pacific. The company offers services primarily in banking, capital markets, wealth and investment management, insurance, finance, risk & compliance. It also has an energy consulting practice in the US.
Capco was founded in Belgium in 1998 by Rob Heyvaert as 'The Capital Markets Company NV'. It had offices in Antwerp, London, Toronto, New York, Warsaw, and Frankfurt. In 2001, the company rebranded itself to Capco, and the first issue of the Capco Journal of Financial Transformation was published by The Capco Institute.
In 2015, Rob Heyvaert left Capco with Lance Levy taking over as Capco CEO.
In 2010, Fidelity National Information Services (FIS) signed a deal with Symphony Technology Group to buy Capco for approximately $300 million.
In 2017, FIS sold a majority stake in Capco to Clayton, Dubilier & Rice (CD&R), a private equity firm based in New York, making Capco an independent company again. FIS continues to retain a 40 percent equity interest in the company.
On 4 March 2021, Wipro announced that it had acquired Capco for US$1.45 billion. The deal was completed on 29 April.
Rishad Premji

Rishad Premji is an Indian business executive and the son of the former Wipro chairman Azim Premji. He was formerly the Chief Strategy Officer at Wipro and took over as Chairman of Wipro in July 2019.
He was the Chairman of NASSCOM for the year 2018–19.
Rishad was a student of Cathedral and John Connon School in Mumbai and later did a bachelor's degree in Economics from Wesleyan University and his MBA from Harvard Business School. In 2005, he married his childhood friend Aditi. They have two children. Rishad enjoys travelling and movies and is a huge cricket fan.
After his MBA, Rishad worked with Bain and Co. for two years and then for four years with GE Capital in USA.
In 2007, he joined his father's company Wipro as a business manager.
In 2014, Rishad was recognised as a Young Global Leader by the World Economic Forum for his outstanding professional accomplishments, leadership and commitment to society.
Suresh Vaswani

Suresh C. Vaswani is a Senior Director and Operating Partner of the Everstone Group. He is on the board of group companies including i.e. Innoveo AG, Servion Global Solutions and Omega Healthcare.
Suresh is an independent director with Vodafone Idea Limited and an external advisor to Bain Consulting.
Suresh Vaswani has previously worked as the General Manager - Solutions, Delivery and Transformation at IBM Global Technology Services and headed the global Applications & BPO services business for Dell Services. He was the Chairman of Dell India and Joint Chief Officer of Wipro's IT Business besides being a Member of the Board of Wipro Limited.
Suresh is an alumnus of Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur and has an MBA degree from Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad.
Suresh has 20 years of experience across global IT/technology majors. Prior to joining Everstone, he worked as the President of Dell Services and Chairman of Dell India; Co-CEO of Wipro IT Businesses and Board Member of Wipro Limited; and General Manager - Solutions, Delivery and Transformation at IBM Global Technology Services.
Business Today magazine named Suresh Vaswani as one of the Top 25 Young Business Executives in India.
Anant Gupta

Anant Gupta (born 8 January 1965) is Founder Chairman & CEO, TECHCELX, an integrated business acceleration and investment firm. He is also former President & Chief Executive Officer of HCL Technologies, a global information technology services company
Anant Gupta was born in Delhi on 8 January 1965. He schooled across the country including Don Bosco, Chennai, Bal Bharti Air Force School and Modern School in Delhi thanks to his father's travelling job.
Gupta obtained B.Sc. (Hons) Physics with Electronics from St. Xavier's College, University of Bombay in 1985 and M.Sc. (Engg) Microelectronics & Telecommunications, University of Liverpool, UK in 1987. He started his career as a Senior Design Engineer & Manager-R&D at India Telecomp Ltd where he set up the design group at the company.
Gupta began his career with HCL in 1993. Since then he held a series of leadership positions in the company, most recently as CEO of the company. Prior to be appointed the CEO, he was President of HCL's Infrastructure Services Division.
Gupta left HCL on 20 October 2016 to start his own venture called TECHCELX which is an integrated business acceleration and investment firm focused on developing digital technology products & platforms.
Anant Gupta wrote "The Blackbook on the Remote Infrastructure Management (RIM) Industry-- Demystifying the third 'wave' of Outsourcing". He is a founding member of NASSCOM's RIM Forum.
Gupta was appointed as Chairman of WEF's Steering Committee on IIoT. Gupta has also been a Task Force member of the New Energy Architecture project run by the World Economic Forum.
Gupta serves as a Trustee of the HCLT Foundation and is also the Executive Sponsor for the company's Diversity and Sustainability programs. His efforts towards empowering women employees at HCL won him the "2014 Women’s Empowerment Principles (WEPs) Leadership Award – 7 Principles" from UN Women and UN Compact.
Gupta has also been a Task Force member of the New Energy Architecture project run by the World Economic Forum.
Sujata Keshavan

Sujata Keshavan (born 1961) is an Indian graphic designer. She is the founder of Ray and Keshavan, a brand design firm based in India.
Keshavan's father was an engineer, and her mother was a painter. She initially considered studying medicine, pursuing a BSc in Mathematics, or enrolling in a fine arts college before ultimately choosing to join the National Institute of Design in Ahmedabad.
Keshavan graduated from the National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad in 1984. She then pursued her master's degree at Yale University, graduating in 1987 with a Master of Fine Arts in graphic design. At Yale, she studied under designers Paul Rand, Bradbury Thompson, Matthew Carter, and Armin Hofmann.
After completing her studies at Ahmedabad, Keshavan worked with Ram Ray at his advertising agency, Response, for six months starting in January 1985. After graduating from Yale, Keshavan moved back to India. In 1989, she co-founded Ray Keshavan, in India, with her former boss Ray. The portfolio of clients includes Infosys, Kotak Mahindra Bank, the Himalaya Drug Co, Bharti Airtel, Hindustan Lever, Reliance, ITC, Wipro, McKinsey, Dr Reddy’s, Dabur, Max Group, TVS, MindTree, as well as several airports across India.
Ray + Keshavan was acquired by WPP Group Plc in 2006.
In 2016, Keshavan co-founded Varana Design Ltd., an "artisanal luxury fashion brand", with entrepreneurs Ravi Prasad and Meeta Malhotra.
Keshavan has been an invited speaker at many international conferences including Design Indaba in South Africa and the International Design Center at Nagoya, Japan. She was a jury member at ReBrand 100 at the Rhode Island School of Design and a member of the Design Jury at the Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival. She served as the Chairperson of the jury at the Business World Awards for Design Excellence, and Chairperson of The Design Yatra awards for Excellence in South Asian Design.
Keshavan lives in Bangalore and is married to the historian Ramachandra Guha. They have two children together.
St. Columba's School, Delhi

St. Columba's School in Delhi, India, established in 1941, is one of the 12,000 English medium schools of its kind established by the Indian Province of the Congregation of Christian Brothers, which was founded by Edmund Ignatius Rice. The school's campus is located in the heart of Delhi and extends over a couple of acres. St. Columba's School alumni include three Rhodes Scholars, a Pulitzer Prize winner, and a Forbes 30 Under 30 awardee. Students are referred to as Columbans. The school admits only boys.
St. Columba's was founded in 1941 by the Congregation of Christian Brothers and contracted by Sir Sobha Singh. St. Columba's School, New Delhi is one of the 19 Christian Brothers Schools in India. St. Columba's School began with 32 boys in New Delhi next to the Sacred Heart Cathedral, admitting through class 6. It was one of the first schools in India to introduce computer education. The junior school opened in 1942, at the site of what previously had been a rose garden.
28°37′49″N 77°12′21″E﻿ / ﻿28.6302°N 77.2057°E﻿ / 28.6302; 77.2057
Vu Televisions

Vu Televisions (also Vu Technologies) is an Indian electronics company that manufactures television brand and an LED TV and display manufacturer founded by Indian businessperson Devita Saraf, in Mumbai, India in 2006. It is among top 10 largest-selling TV brand across e-commerce platforms in India.
Vu Technologies was founded as a high-end electronics company in 2006 by Indian businessperson Devita Saraf, who became its CEO and Design Head.
The company turned profitable in 2012 and started exporting televisions to the United States. Vu introduced ultra-high-definition television (4K HD) in 2014.
Vu had annual sales of $30 million in 2015, with 300,000 units sold. Vu Technologies gave away a 25% stake in the company to private equity investors.
In 2016, Vu introduced entertainment-focused apps on its TVs, with video on demand including Netflix as a preloaded feature. The company had 20 own stores in Indian cities. Its designer TV sets include one made in collaboration with designer Tarun Tahiliani, with a Swarovski crystal frame.
Vu Televisions are sold in 60 countries. In 2016, Flipkart became its exclusive online sales partner. The share of Vu grew to 40% of the total market share in the TV category for Flipkart.
Vu Technologies imports all the components for panel manufacturing from China, Taiwan, South Korea and Japan. The company had an annual turnover of ₹5 billion for 2016–17, and Flipkart reported that Vu had grown 200% on its marketplace in that period.
Henning Kagermann

Henning Kagermann (born 12 July 1947) is a German physicist and businessman. He was the former chairman of the Executive Board and Chief Executive Officer of SAP.
Born in Braunschweig, Kagermann studied physics in Braunschweig and Munich. He received his doctorate degree in theoretical physics in 1975 from the TU Braunschweig and was promoted to professor there in 1980. He taught physics and computer science at TU Braunschweig and University of Mannheim from 1980 to 1992.
Kagermann joined SAP in 1982 and was initially responsible for product development in the areas of cost accounting and controlling. Together with Hasso Plattner, co-founder of SAP, he was co-chairman of the SAP Executive Board and CEO from 1998 to 2003. During that period, his responsibilities included sales, global customer relations, strategic development projects and consulting.
Following Plattner's election as chairman of the SAP Supervisory Board in May 2003, Kagermann became sole chairman of the SAP Executive Board and CEO. At the time, he had overall responsibility for SAP's strategy, business development and also oversaw the areas of global communications, global intellectual property, internal audit and talent management. In the following years, he increased SAP's share of the market for enterprise resource planning (ERP) programs with more than one function from 35% to 43%. Also under his leadership, SAP acquired Franco-US software BusinessObjects for €4.8 billion. In a 2005 reorganisation, Léo Apotheker assumed additional responsibility for marketing from Kagermann, who instead focused on strategy. In 2007, Kagermann's contract was extended to 2009. Shortly after, he overhauled the company's management again after the surprise resignation of Shai Agassi, its top software executive. For several months in 2008, he led the company alongside Apotheker instead. Kagermann retired in May 2009, when his term expired after several extensions.
During and after his time at SAP, Kagermann became a close adviser to Chancellor Angela Merkel on technology. From May 2010, he chaired the German National Platform for Electric Mobility. Later that year, Merkel appointed Kagermann to chair a working group on innovation policy. In 2014, he accompanied Merkel on an official visit to China.
In June 2009, Kagermann assumed the office of the president of acatech – German Academy of Science and Engineering. He is also known as one of the main proponents of the concept of Industry 4.0, which applies increased digitisation and the Internet of Things and Services to industrial production. In 2012, a working group led by Kagerman proposed the idea to the Federal Government of Germany.
In 2016, Kagermann was appointed by Federal Minister of Transport and Digital Infrastructure Alexander Dobrindt to serve on the German government's Ethics Commission on Autonomous Driving.
Kagermann holds an honorary doctorate from the University of Magdeburg.
Media related to Henning Kagermann at Wikimedia Commons
Onida Electronics

Onida Electronics (formerly Mirc Electronics) is an Indian multinational electronics and home appliances manufacturing company, based in Mumbai. Onida became well known in India for its colour CRT televisions and smart TVs. Other appliances manufactured by the company include flat panel TVs (LED, LCD TVs), air conditioners, washing machines, microwave ovens, DVD home theatre systems, mobile phones, projector systems and LED lights.
Onida was started by G.L. Mirchandani and Vijay Mansukhani in 1981 in Mumbai. G.L. Mirchandani is the chairman and managing director of M/s Mirc Electronics Ltd. In 1982, Onida started assembling television sets at their factory in Andheri, Mumbai. It was established as "Mirc Electronics" on 11th January 1981. Since then, Onida has evolved into a multi-product company in the consumer durables and appliances sector. Onida achieved a 100% growth in ACs and microwave ovens and a 40% growth in washing machines last year.
Onida came out with the famous caption Neighbour's Envy, Owner's Pride. The popular theme of the ads was a devil complete with horns and tail in the 1980s and 1990s. It first appeared in a print ad in 1982 and then as a TV commercial in 1983-84. Onida finally dropped the devil as its mascot in 2009.
Onida has a network of 33 branch offices, 208 Customer Relation Centers and 41 depots spread across India. As on 31 March 2005, Onida had a market capitalization of ₹ 301.46 crore.
Mirc Electronics won an "Award for Excellence in Electronics" in 1999, from the Ministry of Information Technology, Government of India. Onida with its Sales & Marketing office in Dubai reported a 215% export growth in two years, setting the base for an increased robust international presence.
The shipments to Arab states of the Persian Gulf contribute almost 65% of Onida's export revenue, while shipments to the fast-growing East African market (Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya and Ethiopia) and the SAARC countries accounted for 16% of export revenues. In addition to countries in the Persian Gulf, Onida has a presence in Russia, Ukraine and neighboring CIS countries. Apart from television exports to Russia, Onida also exports DVD players and high-end LCD televisions.
Onida brand has following range of products:
7. LED TV Manufacturers (Feltron Industries Pvt Ltd)
List of tech parks and business parks in Kolkata

Kolkata along with its metropolitan area, is the main financial and commercial region of East India. Kolkata metropolitan region is one of the seven metro areas in India with a high number of commercial spaces and offices.
Major office hubs of Kolkata are located at Kolkata CBD areas like B.B.D. Bagh, Park Street and PBD areas like Salt Lake Sector-V and New Town CBD.
The following is a list of notable office buildings, tech parks and business parks present in Greater Kolkata. The list does not contain standard office buildings.
Kolkata being the "IT hub of East India", most of the IT and tech parks are located in Salt Lake (officially Bidhannagar) and New Town. Salt Lake Sector-V is the first and prime IT hub of the metropolitan area. Salt Lake Electronics Complex is India's first fully integrated electronics complex, formed by Webel. The oldest IT building in West Bengal as well as East India was constructed here in 1988 which is the SDF Building, which was planned as an electronics building but later upgraded to IT.
New Town contains some of the biggest IT, AI and business parks in India. The biggest campus of TCS in East India is located here. New Town also contains tech parks which come under Bengal Silicon Valley Tech Hub and Fintech Hub.
NASSCOM

National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM) is an Indian non-governmental trade association and advocacy group that primarily serves the Indian technology industry. Founded in 1988, NASSCOM operates as a nonprofit organization and serves as a key entity within the Indian technology sector.
In 2013, NASSCOM initiated a program to promote 10,000 startups in India by 2023. NASSCOM sponsors events that target startups in India. Events include:
NASSCOM organized the NASSCOM International SME Conclave in January 2019 and the FISITA World Automotive Congress in October 2018.
The Telangana AI Mission (T-AIM) collaborated with NASSCOM to implement the Investor Connect program, benefiting 30 startups in India as part of the Revv Up accelerator program. Additionally, NASSCOM has established multiple partnerships, including one with the Karnataka State Higher Education Council.
NASSCOM's membership includes organizations engaged in software development, software services, and IT-enabled or BPO services. The organization's core focus has been on ensuring high service quality standards and upholding intellectual property rights within the Indian software and BPO industries. As of June 2007, more than 1,100 information technology companies in India were members of NASSCOM, including domestic software and ITES companies, as well as multinationals operating within India.
Employees and members of the executive council of NASSCOM include:
Among the founders of NASSCOM were Harish Mehta, Ashank Desai, Nandan Nilekani, KV Ramani, Saurabh Srivastava. These industry leaders, along with other key figures in the Indian IT industry, collaborated to form NASSCOM to promote and represent the interests of the software and services industry in India. Notably, NASSCOM has evolved over the years under the leadership of various industry professionals, and its operations have expanded to include IT and business process automation services.
The 2022 book The Maverick Effect by Harish Mehta covers the story of NASSCOM’s inception and how it shaped the Indian IT industry.
Qualys

Qualys, Inc. is an American technology firm based in Foster City, California, specializing in cloud security, compliance and related services.
Qualys has over 10,300 customers in more than 130 countries. The company has strategic partnerships with major managed services providers and consulting organizations including BT, Dell SecureWorks, Fujitsu, IBM, NTT, Symantec, Verizon, and Wipro.
Qualys has been described as "one of the earliest software-as-a-service security vendors."
Philippe Courtot first invested in the company in 1999. He became CEO and board chair in 2001. Courtot described Qualys as addressing a "mounting need for automatic detection of network vulnerabilities" when he announced the second round of financing.
The company launched QualysGuard in 2000, making Qualys one of the first entrants in the vulnerability management market. This software could automatically scan corporate local area networks (LANs) for vulnerabilities and search for an available patch. The company subsequently added compliance, malware detection, and web application scanning to its platform.
Qualys went public on the Nasdaq under the stock ticker QLYS on September 28, 2012, raising net proceeds of $87.5 million.
In 2015, Qualys launched its cloud platform and lightweight cloud agent, aimed at providing continuous monitoring of an organization's IT infrastructure and applications. The cloud platform introduced several new features designed to help organizations address cybersecurity and compliance issues.
Another security service that Qualys offers is its Network Passive Sensor service, an advanced technology layer that monitors network traffic and detects what is on the network that needs to be secured. The Network Passive Sensor immediately sends asset metadata to the Qualys Cloud Platform, where it is analyzed for comprehensive security insights.
In 2021, Courtot resigned from his role as Qualys' CEO for health reasons after leading the company for two decades. Sumedh Thakar became president and CEO following Courtot. He was previously president and Chief Product Officer at Qualys.
In August 2021, Qualys partnered with Red Hat to bring Qualys' Cloud Agent to Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) CoreOS and Red Hat OpenShift. The CoreOS Cloud Agent for OpenShift works with Qualys' Container Security Runtime, delivering continuous packages and vulnerabilities for the entire OpenShift stack.
Qualys won two Pwnie Awards in 2021, in the "Best Privilege Escalation Bug" and "Most Under-Hyped Research" categories.
In November 2023, Qualys released its Enterprise TruRisk Platform, which aggregates cyber risk signals to provide a risk-scoring framework for companies to measure and reduce IT risk.
In May 2024, Qualys launched a managed security services partner (MSSP) portal as part of its global partner program. The portal was designed to enhance operational efficiencies for Qualys' partners and offer visibility into client accounts, licenses, and user roles.
A. L. Rao

A. Lakshman Rao is the former chief operating officer of Wipro Technologies. Rao joined Wipro's Information Technology business as a founder member in 1980 and contributed significantly towards building a R&D team. From 1993 to 1996, he worked as Vice President (Technical) at Wipro Systems and played an important role in building competence in Client/Server and Object technologies. During this period, he was instrumental in building a number of business practices from scratch. Testing services, business intelligence, data warehousing and e-Enabling are some of them. As group vice president and chief technology officer of Wipro from 1996 to 1999, he implemented ISO 9000 compliant quality processes across the Software Divisions of Infotech Group. He has also driven the SEI CMM initiative enabling Wipro to become the first SEI CMM Level 5 Software Services Company in the world. In Oct 2000, Rao took over the leadership of Telecom and Internetworking Solutions Division and steered the business through multifold growth to its present prominent position.
In June 2005, the then CEO of Wipro Technologies, Vivek Paul quit, and Rao was appointed the COO. From June 2005 to September 2008 he worked as the chief operating officer, with the responsibility for Product Engineering business(about one Billion Dollar revenues), CIO & CTO functions, Admin & Facilities and Japan & China Geographies sales & Operations. A L Rao also worked as an Advisor to Wipro Technologies from October 2008 to September 2009. In September 2009, Rao retired from Wipro after 29 years of service. He is currently an independent advisor to a few IT services companies. On 9 June 2011, A L Rao joined Trianz board of directors.
Prior to Wipro, he worked in Electronics Corporation of India Ltd. from 1973 to 1980 and was associated with the development of operating systems and compilers for ECIL computers. Rao has delivered the keynote speech at the 2nd World Congress on Software Quality in Japan in 2000. He was also a guest speaker at the Project Management Conferences held in Japan and the US. He has been elected a Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Engineering for distinguished contribution to Computer Science & Engineering. Rao did his MSc and PhD (in Nuclear Physics) from Andhra University, India.
Girish Paranjpe

Girish Paranjpe (born 1958) is a venture capitalist.
General Partner with Exfinity Venture Partners. Exfinity invests in deep tech start ups typically at early stage. Girish was also Operating Partner with a global Private Equity fund. Girish Paranjpe was the managing director of Bloom Energy International. He was the former Joint CEO of Wipro's IT Business and a Member of the Board of Wipro Limited. He jointly carried the overall responsibility for the strategy and operations of Wipro's IT Business.
Paranjpe joined Wipro in 1990 and held a broad range of leadership positions in critical portfolios across the Wipro Corporation during his tenure in Wipro since the early 1990s.
Paranjpe's direct responsibilities included the following business units: Financial Services, Communication, Media, Telecom and Technology vertical. Girish was also directly responsible for driving Consulting, Business Technology Services, Product Engineering Solutions and other functions under him are Global Delivery, CTO and CIO office & Operations.
Paranjpe had represented Wipro and the IT Industry in various public forums including the Prime Minister's Task Force on Information Technology, the NASSCOM, and leading global business schools. Paranjpe is a Fellow Member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and the Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India. He attended Sydenham College, Mumbai.
Bhaskar Pramanik

Bhaskar Pramanik (born 1951) is the former chairman of Microsoft India. He looked after the company's overall sales, marketing and all other transactions across India. He retired from Microsoft in September 2017.
Pramanik resigned from Oracle India to join Microsoft India. Before Oracle, he was the corporate vice president and president, India GEM of Sun Microsystems India. He was responsible for the overall operations of the subsidiary in India. He is now one of the independent director in central board of State Bank of India.
Pramanik is a 1972 engineering graduate from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. He has also attended the Advanced Marketing Management Program at the Stanford University.
Pramanik has more than 30 years experience in the Indian IT industry.
Prior to joining Sun Microsystems, Pramanik took up several senior management positions in companies like Digital Equipment India Ltd., Blue Star Ltd., and NELCO. At Digital Equipment India Ltd., He was the director of Enterprise Sales (Asia-Pacific) at Singapore. In his earlier role as vice-president, sales & marketing, Digital Equipment India Ltd. Pramanik was part of the original Country Management Team which was responsible for setting up the joint venture in India.
Pramanik became Managing Director of Oracle India on 1 April 2010 and left Oracle in less than a period of a year (Left on 3 March 2011) to hold the position of Chairman of Microsoft India from 28 March 2011. As Chairman of Microsoft India, he reported directly to Jean-Philippe Courtois who is currently the President of Microsoft International.
Pramanik joined Sun Microsystems in November 1997 and has been instrumental in building Sun's presence in India. Pramanik has received many outstanding achievement awards in Sun over the last 8 years. In October 2004, Pramanik received the Sun Leadership award. The Leadership Award recognizes outstanding Leaders at Sun who lead the company forward in a manner consistent with Sun values and demonstrate consistent business results while modelling the values.
Pramanik co-chairs the Leadership Awards Review Board in Sun for 2005 and 2006.
Sun Microsystems established a wholly owned subsidiary in India on 1 July 1998 and is spread across numerous locations in India via its strong distributor and partner network, which supports an installed base of over 100,000+ systems.
Sun’s key India partners include Wipro, TCS, HCL Infosystems, CMC, Accel Frontline, Redington, CDAC, and eSys.
The Sun India Engineering Centre, the first in Asia was set up in Bangalore in 1998, is part of the Global Engineering Organization at Sun, providing core competency in support of Sun's engineering operations and supports over 1200 engineers.
Pramanik has been actively involved with the Indian IT industry since 1982 and is a regular speaker on computer & telecom related subjects at public forums and industry meetings. He is a member of various committees in CII, MAIT, NASSCOM and was the chairman of the American Chamber of Commerce, Karnataka, in 2003–2004. He is a member of the Executive Council of NASSCOM.
Wipro Supernova

Wipro Supernova is the name of a series of high-performance computing (HPC) solutions offered by Wipro Infotech.
The product is offered under 3 segments: entry level, mid-segment and high-end, which have varying performance and storage capacities. The entry level system costs ₹25,00,000; and performs at 1 TeraFLOPS and has a storage capacity of 4 TB. They use the Gluster software stack.
List of Indian IT companies

This is a list of notable companies in the information technology sector based in India. Top Indian companies are listed in descending order of their market capitalization, and other companies are listed alphabetically, grouped by the cities in which they are headquartered. Certain companies have main offices in more than one city, in which case they are listed under each, but minor offices and resources are not listed. Foreign companies that have a large presence in India are also included. There are IT companies of Indian origin headquartered in the US and other countries. Several foreign companies have more employees in India than in their parent countries.
Top IT services companies in India in 2022 by market capitalization. In September 2021, TCS recorded a market capitalisation of US$ 200 billion, making it the first Indian IT tech company to do so. On 24 August 2021, Infosys became the fourth Indian company to reach $100 billion in market capitalization.
Top IT services companies in India in 2022 by revenue.
Gordon Lyons

Is polaiteoir de chuid Pháirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach (PAD) é Gordon Lyons (a rugadh ar an 6 Márta 1986). Toghadh é mar Chomhalta den Tionól Reachtach d’Aontroim Thoir don chéad uair i mí Lúnasa 2015. Ceapadh mar Aire i bhFeidhmeannacht Thuaisceart Éireann don chéad uair in 2021. Is é an tAire Pobal é faoi láthair.
D'oibrigh Lyons mar chúntóir do Chomhalta an PAD den Tionól Reachtach Sammy Wilson ar feadh cúig bliana. Níor éirigh leis in Aontroim Thoir i dtoghchán Tionóil Thuaisceart Éireann 2011, agus i gceantar Bhóthar an Chósta de Chomhairle Buirge Latharna freisin.
I dtoghcháin áitiúla 2014, toghadh Lyons don limistéar nua "Bóthar an Chósta", don Chomhairle Dúiche Lár agus Oirthear Aontroma, agus i mí Lúnasa 2015, comhthoghadh é chun áit Wilson a ghlacadh ar an Tionól.
Atoghadh Lyons ag Toghchán Tionóil 2016 agus bhí sé ina bhall den Choiste Geilleagair agus ina Chathaoirleach ar an gCoiste um Nósanna Imeachta.
Nuair a atoghadh é i dToghchán Tionóil TÉ 2017, cheap Ceannaire an PAD Arlene Foster, Lyons mar Phríomh-Aoire Ghrúpa Tionóil an PUD.
Nuair a athbhunaíodh dílárú na cumhachta an 11 Eanáir 2020, cheap an Príomh-Aire Arlene Foster Lyons mar Aire Sóisearach san Oifig Fheidhmiúcháin.
D’fhóin sé mar Aire Gníomhach Talmhaíochta, Comhshaoil, agus Gnóthaí Tuaithe tar éis do Edwin Poots seasamh síos go sealadach ar chúiseanna sláinte.
Ceapadh Lyons ina Aire Pobal in 2024, an aireacht ar a mbíonn cúram na Gaeilge. I mí Aibreáin 2024, cuireadh cruinniú den Chomhairle Aireachta Thuaidh/Theas faoi chúrsaí teanga ar ceal ag an nóiméad deireanach an mar go ndúirt Lyons nach mbeadh sé ar fáil le freastal air.
I mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2024, bhí cáineadh déanta ar Lyons faoi chruinniú a bheith aige leis an CPD tar éis gur dhiúltaigh sé cruinniú a bheith aige le Conradh na Gaeilge. Bhí na dílseoirí sa CPD ag cur go láidir in aghaidh bunscoil Ghaeilge a bhunú in oirthear Bhéal Feirste ag an am.
Iomaitheoirí The Voice of Ireland

Is liosta é seo de na hiomaitheoirí ar an gcomórtas teilifíse réaltachta, The Voice of Ireland.
Sa céad agus dara sraith, bhí 12 ealaíontóirí ar na bhfoirne. Sa tríú sraith, bhí 10 ealaíontóirí ar na bhfoirne. Sa ceathrú sraith, bhí 14 ealaíontóirí ar na bhfoirne. In iomlán bhí 194 ealaíontóirí ar an seó.
Is iad buaiteoirí an chláir go dtí seo; Pat Byrne, Keith Hanley, Brendan McCahey agus Patrick Donoghue.
Declan Kearney

Is polaiteoir poblachtach Éireannach i dTuaisceart Éireann é Declan Kearney (rugadh 19 Nollaig 1964) atá ina Chathaoirleach Náisiúnta reatha ar Shinn Féin. Bhí Kearney ina Aire Sóisearach i bhFeidhmeannas Thuaisceart Éireann ó 2020 go 2022, agus ina Chomhalta den Tionól Reachtach d' Aontroim Theas ó 2016.e nuair a toghadh é.
As Aontroim ó dhúchas dó, is mac le Oliver agus Brigid (née Totten) Kearney é. Chónaigh sé i nDoire tráth a thoghtha.
Sular toghadh é mar CTR, bhí Kearney ina Chathaoirleach Náisiúnta ar Shinn Féin, agus ina cháil sin ghabh sé leithscéal as na saolta ar fad a cailleadh le linn na dTrioblóidí. Is mac céile é a dheartháir, Ciarán Kearney, fear céile Jane (née Donaldson), leis an óglach de chuid na Sealadach nach maireann agus leis an bpolaiteoir de chuid Shinn Féin Denis Donaldson, a feallmharaíodh in aice leis na Gleannta i gContae Dhún na nGall tar éis dó a bheith nochta mar ghníomhaire Briotanach.
Toghadh Kearney mar dhuine de sheisear Chomhalta den Tionól Reachtach d'Aontroim Theas i dtoghchán an Tionóil 2016 , agus a shuíochán á choinneáil aige i dtoghcháin 2017 agus 2022.
Ceapadh é ina Aire Sóisearach i bhFeidhmeannas Thuaisceart Éireann ina dhiaidh sin, tar éis athbhunú an Tionóil i mí Eanáir 2020 ; agus d'fhan sé sa phost seo go dtí mí na Bealtaine 2022.
Is comhalta de Thionól Reachtach Thuaisceart Éireann é Declan Kearney (a rugadh ar 19 Nollaig 1964). Seasann sé in Aontroim Theas.
Bhíodh Kearney ag teagasc Gaeilge in áiteanna éagsúla i ndeisceart chontae Aontroma agus thóg sé a chlann féin go dátheangach. Cloistear Kearney ar na meáin Ghaeilge ó am go chéile.
Pirimid

Is struchtúr ailtireachta ar bhun triantánach, ceamach nó polagónach, le taobhanna triantánacha a dtagann a dtaobhanna le chéile ag pointe buaice, is ea pirimid.
San ailtireacht Éigipteach, is séadchomhartha tuamúil an phirimid ar bhun ceamach. Is iad na pirimidí is cáiliúla pirimidí an 4ú ríora ar ardchlár Giza gar do Chaireo na hÉigipte. Tá Pirimid Mhór Chéaps (c 2589-66 RC) 146 rn ar airde, ar bhun ceamach le taobhanna 230 m, tógtha le 2.5 milliún bloc aolchloiche, gach ceann 2.5 tonna meáchain.
San ailtireacht réamhCholómach i Meiriceá Theas, is cnoc saorga le barr cothrom í.