davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Ruleta rusa

La ruleta rusa es un juego potencialmente mortal, que consiste en que un jugador coloque una o más balas dentro de un tambor de revólver, gire el cilindro (sin ver en dónde quedó el proyectil), coloque el cañón en su sien y presione el gatillo.​ Se juega generalmente entre dos o más personas. El objetivo es sobrevivir y quedarse con el dinero o la especie de valor a jugar.
Generalmente se inicia en una mesa. Uno de los jugadores toma un revólver y abre el tambor. En él pone uno o más proyectiles, dependiendo de la cantidad de dinero apostado. Luego gira el tambor al azar, cerrándolo rápidamente de modo que ninguno de los jugadores pueda ver en qué recámara se encuentran los cartuchos. Por turnos los jugadores colocan la boca del cañón sobre su sien y aprietan el gatillo sin mover el arma. Si ningún cartucho es disparado, el jugador continúa en el juego y el revólver pasa a su compañero. Si el jugador se salva, el revólver es pasado al siguiente jugador hasta que a uno de ellos le toque el cartucho y reciba el disparo.
El primer uso conocido del término ruleta rusa aparece en un cuento corto de Georges Surdez, publicado en el número del 30 de enero de 1937 del Collier's Magazine. En este, un sargento del ejército ruso en la Legión Extranjera Francesa le cuenta al narrador: «Feldheim... ¿Alguna vez has oído hablar de la ruleta rusa?».​
En ese número dos de los protagonistas de la historia explican un juego que del que se hablaba en los cuarteles pero que nadie había visto, el "coucou".
No está del todo claro si los oficiales jugaban a la ruleta rusa en la época zarista. En un texto sobre el cuerpo de oficiales zarista, John Bushnell, un experto en la historia de Rusia de la Universidad Northwestern, citó dos memorias casi contemporáneas de veteranos del ejército de Rusia: El Duelo (1905), de Aleksandr Kuprin, y Desde el águila bicefala a la bandera roja (1921), de Piotr Krasnov. Ambos libros hablan sobre el escandaloso comportamiento suicida de los oficiales, pero en ninguno de ellos se hace mención de la ruleta rusa. Si el juego se originó en la vida real y no en la ficción, es poco probable saberlo con certeza hoy en día. El arma estándar suministrada a los oficiales rusos desde 1895 hasta 1930 era el revólver Nagant M1895, un revólver de doble acción cuyo tambor gira en sentido horario hasta que el martillo se arma. Sin embargo, utiliza siete cartuchos y no seis, lo que arroja algunas dudas sobre la exactitud de la referencia que se hace en Collier's. Es posible que los oficiales rusos dispararan seis y guardaran el último cartucho en caso de salir vivos de una batalla.
La única referencia a algo parecido a la ruleta rusa en la literatura rusa figura en un libro titulado Un héroe de nuestro tiempo, escrito por Mijaíl Lérmontov (1840, traducido por Vladimir Nabokov en 1958),​ en el que un acto similar es llevado a cabo por un soldado serbio en el relato El fatalista.
William Shockley, Premio Nobel de Física de 1956 por sus investigaciones sobre semiconductores, afirmó que intentó suicidarse jugando una partida en solitario a la ruleta rusa.​
Siglo XVI

El siglo XVI d. C. (siglo dieciséis después de Cristo) o siglo XVI e. c. (siglo dieciséis de la era común) comenzó el 1 de enero de 1501 y terminó el 31 de diciembre de 1600. Es llamado el «Siglo de los Descubrimientos». Tras la llegada a América de Cristóbal Colón y cuya expedición fue pagada por España. Comenzó en el año juliano de 1501 y finalizó, tanto en el calendario juliano como en el calendario gregoriano, en el año de 1600 (dependiendo del cómputo utilizado; el calendario gregoriano introdujo un lapso de 10 días en octubre de 1582).​
Vio a España y Portugal explorar el denominado Nuevo Mundo. Con la conquista y sometimiento de los imperios mexica, muisca, maya e inca, el Imperio español extendió sus dominios desde la actual California hasta el río Biobío en Chile, siendo el imperio global más extenso durante 300 años. En general, el siglo XVI fue un período de auge económico para Europa.
España se erigió como la superpotencia de este siglo y reunió un imperio gigantesco, con posesiones por todo el mundo. Alcanzó su apogeo al incorporar el Imperio portugués. Dominó extensísimos territorios americanos, desde los actuales Estados Unidos hasta la zona de Chile y Argentina, posesiones alrededor de África, numerosas colonias en Asia fruto de la conquista de Portugal. Además de media Italia, los Países Bajos, la Borgoña, etc.
A raíz del descubrimiento de América a finales del siglo XV, el siglo XVI prosiguió con las grandes exploraciones, principalmente españolas y portuguesas, por el Nuevo Mundo, el Pacífico, Asia, etc. España completó la primera vuelta al mundo de la historia. La economía se globalizó, creándose un primitivo capitalismo.
En Europa, las reformas protestantes discutían la autoridad del papado y de la Iglesia católica. En Inglaterra, el autoritario Enrique VIII separó la autoridad papal de su reino, y se estableció como cabeza de la Iglesia anglicana para poder divorciarse. Estas guerras religiosas provocaron más adelante, en el siglo XVII, la guerra de los Treinta Años, que acabó con la supremacía de la Casa de Habsburgo en Europa. Mientras tanto, en Oriente Próximo, el Imperio otomano bajo Suleimán el Magnífico seguía avanzando hacia el corazón de Europa tras la conquista del Imperio Bizantino.
A este período se le llama siglo de los genios, por aparecer los tres grandes artistas: Leonardo da Vinci, Rafael y Miguel Ángel.
Estadio Ruca Che

Estadio Ruca Che is an indoor arena and multi-purpose stadium in the city of Neuquén, capital of the homonymous province and largest city in the Argentine Patagonia. It was built in 1995 to host the Americas Basketball Championship.
The name of this sport venue is in the mapuche language: the word Ruka means house while Che means people. Therefore, this is the House of the People.
Two teams make use of the stadium regularly. Gigantes del Sur plays its home matches for the Serie A1, the top level of the Argentine men's volleyball league system, while Independiente de Neuquén plays some of their home matches for the Torneo Federal de Básquetbol, the third level of the Argentine basketball league system, after the Liga Nacional de Básquet and the Torneo Nacional de Ascenso.
It also has an auxiliary gym, outdoor basketball courts and volleyball facilities, and parking lot for 150 vehicles.
Some of the artists that have played at this stadium are Alejandro Lerner, Attaque 77, Bersuit Vergarabat, Catupecu Machu, Charly García, Chayanne, Diego Torres, Divididos, Europe, Joan Manuel Serrat, Jorge Rojas, La Ley, La Renga, Los Piojos, La Mona Jiménez, León Gieco, Luis Eduardo Aute, Los Nocheros, Maná, Mercedes Sosa, Víctor Heredia, Marco Antonio Solís, Ismael Serrano, Soledad Pastorutti, The Wailers, Manu Chao, Gustavo Cerati, Celia Cruz, Ricardo Montaner, José Luis Perales, Marcos Witt, Danilo Montero, Violetta, Roxette, Les Luthiers, No Te Va Gustar, Ricky Martin and Calle 13.
Che vuoi?

Che vuoi? (Italian pronunciation: [ke vˈvwɔi]; transl. "what do you want?"), alternatively described as ma che vuoi?, ma che dici?/ma che stai dicendo? ("what are you talking about?"), or simply che? ("what?"), is one of the best known hand gestures of Italy. In English, it is sometimes referred to as "pinched fingers" or "finger purse" (Italian: mano a borsa). It is meant to express disbelief at what the other person is saying or doing, and/or to ridicule their opinions.
This gesture is produced where the tips of all the fingers of one hand are brought together to form an "upward pointing cone", with the hand then being moved up and down either from the wrist or forearm. The hand can be motionless while performing this hand gesture, or can also be shaken up and down, if the person wants to express impatience. While it is particularly common in the South, it is a gesture that is widely used in Italy. The frequency and speed of vertical motion indicates the level of frustration of the speaker.
The gesture is also widely used in Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Venezuela, Latin American countries with large Italian diasporas, with similar connotations. In Malawi, the gesture refers to human testicles (machende) in the Bantu language Chichewa.
The emoji for the gesture (🤌) was proposed in 2019 as submission L2/19-159, approved as part of Unicode 13.0 in 2020, and added later that year as U+1F90C.
List of Olivia Rodrigo live performances

American singer Olivia Rodrigo has headlined two concert tours, supporting her studio albums. In 2022, Rodrigo embarked on her first concert tour, the Sour Tour, in support of her debut studio album Sour.
A month after the release of her follow-up album Guts (2023), Rodrigo hosted the stand-alone concert An Evening With Olivia Rodrigo, before then embarking on her first world arena tour, the Guts World Tour, in February 2024, touring Asia and Oceania for the first time. The Guts tour has grossed over $186 million, becoming the highest-grossing tour by an artist born in the 21st century. During the tour she performed a sold-out show at the Philippine Arena, the world's largest indoor arena. The tour was filmed at various stops and the resulting Guts: World Tour movie was released by Netflix in October 2024.
Aside from her concert tours, Rodrigo has performed at music festivals in the US and Europe, including appearances at the iHeartRadio, Austin City Limits and Glastonbury Festival, with dates scheduled at a bigger number of festivals across the globe from March to August 2025. In 2024, she performed at Coachella as a surprise guest for No Doubt's set.
To promote Sour and Guts, Rodrigo has also appeared on various television broadcasts, performing both her own songs and covers of other artists' songs. Appearances include Saturday Night Live, Tiny Desk Concerts and Good Morning America, alongside promotions on various syndications in Japan.
Rodrigo has performed at award shows where she and her work has received nominations, including the 2021 Brit Awards and MTV Video Music Awards, and the 2022 and 2024 Grammy Awards ceremonies.
List of Taylor Swift live performances

The American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift has headlined six concert tours to support her albums. She has additionally performed at festivals, awards shows, benefit concerts, and sporting events, as well as on TV and radio.
Before officially starting her music career, Swift performed the national anthem of the United States, "The Star-Spangled Banner", at various sporting events. After the release of her debut studio album, Taylor Swift (2006), she toured as an opening act for the country musicians Rascal Flatts, George Strait, Brad Paisley, Tim McGraw, and Faith Hill. In spring 2009, she promoted her second studio album, Fearless (2008), by headlining several festivals in the United States and a promotional tour in Australia. Her first headlining concert tour, the Fearless Tour, ran in 2009–2010; it visited six countries and grossed over $66 million from 118 shows. She also headlined festivals outside North America, including the V Festival in the United Kingdom and the Summer Sonic Festival in Japan.
Swift promoted her third studio album, Speak Now (2010), with televised performances in the United States, Japan, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom. The Speak Now World Tour followed in 2011–2012, covering 110 shows and visiting 18 territories across Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania. It was the highest-grossing tour by a female artist and by a solo artist in 2011 and grossed $123 million. Her fourth and fifth studio albums, Red (2012) and 1989 (2014), were both promoted with numerous television and award-show performances. The Red Tour, which ran in 2013–2014, became the highest-grossing country tour after its completion with $150 million grossed from 86 shows in 12 countries and was her last headlining tour as a country artist. 1989, the album that transformed Swift's status from a country musician to a pop star, was supported by the 1989 World Tour (2015); it encompassed 85 dates in 11 countries and was the highest-grossing tour of 2015 with $250 million.
Swift's sixth studio album, Reputation (2017), was supported by the Reputation Stadium Tour (2018), which was her first all-stadium tour—its North American leg grossed $202.3 million and set the record for the highest-grossing North American tour of all time, breaking the previous record held by the 1989 World Tour. The Reputation Stadium Tour was 2018's highest-grossing tour by a female artist, accumulating $345.7 million. Swift promoted Lover (2019) with numerous television and awards show performances. From March 2023 to December 2024, Swift embarked on the Eras Tour, which supported all of the albums in her discography. Covering 149 dates and spanning five continents, it is the first concert tour in history to surpass $1 billion in revenue, grossing $2 billion and attracting 10 million in attendance.
List of Magpakailanman episodes (second incarnation)

Magpakailanman ('Forevermore') is a weekly drama anthology broadcast by GMA Network. The show is hosted by 24 Oras anchor and GMA Kapuso Foundation founder Mel Tiangco and features inspiring stories and life experiences from both famous and ordinary people. It airs every Saturday on the network's primetime block.
The following are the lists of Magpakailanman episodes listed by the year they were aired, in the second incarnation that premiered on November 17, 2012.
Pangkalan udaro

Pangkalan udaro atau pangkalan kapa tabang (dalam bahaso Indonesia: bandar udara atau bandara) marupokan sabuah fasilitas tampek kapa tabang dapek lapeh landeh jo mandarek. Palabuahan udaro minimal mampunyoi sabuah landasan pacu tapi palabuahan-palabuahan udaro gadang biasonyo langkok jo baragam fasilitas lain, baiak untuak operator layanan panabangan maupun untuak panggunonyo.
Manuruik Annex 14 dari ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization): Palabuahan udaro adolah area tatantu di daratan atau parairan (tamasuak bangunan, instalasi jo paralatan) nan diparuntuakkan baiak sacaro kasadoalahan atau sabagian untuak kadatangan, kabarangkatan jo pagerakan kapa tabang.
Sadangkan definisi palabuahan udaro manuruik PT (persero) Angkasa Pura adolah "lapangan udaro, tamasuak sagalo bangunan jo paralatan nan marupokan kalangkokan minimal untuak manjamin tasadionyo fasilitas dek angkutan udaro untuak masyarakaik".
Sacaro yuridis, palabuahan udaro didefinisikan sabagai kawasan di daratan dan/atau parairan jo bateh-bateh tatantu nan digunokan sabagai tampek kapa tabang mandarek jo lapeh landeh, naiak turun panompang, bongka muek barang, jo tampek papindahan intra jo antarmoda transportasi, nan langkok jo fasilitas kasalamatan jo kaamanan penerbangan, sarato fasilitas pokok jo fasilitas panunjang lainnyo.
Palabuahan udaro Sydney

Palabuahan udaro Internasional Sydney Kingsford Smith atau Bandar Udara Internasional Sydney Kingsford Smith (baso sahari-hari Bandara Maskot, Bandara Kingsford Smith, atau Bandara Sydney, IATA: SYD, ICAO: YSSY, ASX: SYD), talotak di 8 km (5 mil) salatan kawasan bisnis pusek kota Sydney, di pinggia kota Mascot.
Palabuahan udaro Internasional Los Angeles

Palabuahan udaro Internasional Los Angeles atau Bandar Udara Internasional Los Angeles (IATA: LAX, ICAO: KLAX, FAA LID: LAX), marupokan sabuah palabuahan udaro nan malayani kota Los Angeles, California, Amerika Sarikat. LAX talotak di baratdayo Los Angeles di kota Westchester. Lotaknyo sakitar 16 mil (27 km) dari pusek kota. LAX bafungsi sabagai panando untuak Alaska Airlines, American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Southwest Airlines dan United Airlines.
Palabuahan udaro Internasional Hang Nadim

Palabuahan udaro Internasional Hang Nadim atau Bandar Udara Internasional Hang Nadim (IATA: BTH, ICAO: WIDD), adolah sabuah palabuahan udaro internasional nan talotak di kelurahan Batu Besar, kecamatan Nongsa, kota Batam, provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Palabuahan udaro iko mamiliki landas pacu sapanjang 4.025 meter nan manjadikannyo palabuahan udaro iko sabagai pamiliak landas pacu tapanjang di Indonesia dan kaduo di Asia Tenggara satolah Palabuahan udaro Internasional Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Dangan kondisinyo kini, palabuahan udaro Hang Nadim dapek manampuang 18-kapa tabang babadan lebar dangan jinih Boeing 747, Boeing 767, dan Boeing 777.
Palabuahan udaro Internasional Kansai

Palabuahan udaro Internasional Kansai atau Bandar Udara Internasional Kansai (かんさいこくさいくうこう/関西国際空港 , Romaji: Kansai Kokusai Kūkō,IATA: KIX, ICAO: RJBB), adolah sabuah palabuahan udaro internasional nan talotak di sabuah pulau di tongah-tongah Taluak Osaka, jauah daghi pantai distrik Sennan di Osaka, Jopang. Palabuahan udaro iko disabuik juo sabagai Osaka Airport dalam bahaso Inggirih, dan sabagai 関空 (Kankū) dalam bahaso Jopang (jaàn lai mangango ka palabuahan udaro lain banamo palabuahan udaro Internasional Osaka nan talotak lobiah dokek ka kota Osaka). Lotaknyo sakitar 16 mil (27 km) daghi pusek kota. Pado taun 2014 ado sakitegh 20 juta panompang nan lalu-lalang.
Palabuahan udaro Internasional Husein Sastranegara

Palabuahan Udaro Husein Sastranegara (bahaso Inggirih: Husein Sastranegara Airport, Sunda: ᮘᮔ᮪ᮓᮁ ᮅᮓᮛ ᮄᮔ᮪ᮒᮨᮁᮔᮞᮤᮇᮔᮜ᮪ ᮠᮥᮞᮨᮄᮔ᮪ ᮞᮞ᮪ᮒᮢᮔᮨᮌᮛ) (IATA: BDO, ICAO: WICC) adolah sabuah palabuahan udaro nan talatak di Jalan Pajajaran Nomor. 156, kalurahan Husen Sastranegara, kacamatan Cicendo, kota Bandung, Jawa Barat.
Candi

Candi adolah istilah nan marujuak kapado sabuah bangunan agamo tampek ibadaik paninggalan purbakala nan barasa dari peradaban Hindu-Buddha. Bangunan ko dipakai sabagai tampek pamujaan dewa-dewi ataupun mamuliakan Buddha. Tapi, istilah 'candi' indak anyo dipakai dek masyarakaik untuak manyabuik tampek ibadaik sajo, banyak situs-situs purbakala non-religius dari maso Hindu-Buddha Indonesia klasik, baiak sabagai istano (kraton), pamandian, gapura, dan sabagainyo, disabuik juo jo istilah candi.
Candi marupokan bangunan tiruan tampek tingga dewa-dewi nan sabananyo, iyolah Gunuang Mahameru. Dek itu, seni arsitekturnyo dihias jo babagai macam ukiran jo pahatan babantuak pola hieh nan disasuaikan jo alam Gunuang Mahameru. Candi-candi jo pasan nan disampaikan lewaik arsitektur, relief, sarato arca-arcanyo indak panah lapeh dari unsua spiritualitas, dayo cipta, jo katarampilan tukang bangunnyo.
Sabagian candi umpamo Candi Borobudur jo Prambanan dibangun amaik bamego-mego, detail, kayo jo ragam hieh nan mewah, banilai estetika nan tinggi, jo mamakai teknologi arsitektur nan maju pado zamannyo. Bangunan-bangunan ko inggo kini manjadi bukti baitu tingginyo kabudayaan jo paradaban niniak muyang sabuah bangso.
Istilah "Candi" diduga barasa dari kato “Candika” nan aratinyo namo salah satu parwujudan Dewi Durga sabagai dewi kamatian. Dek itulah, candi acok dikaikan jo monumen tampek pedharmaan untuak mamuliakan rajo anumerta (nan alah maningga) contohnyo candi Kidal untuak mamuliaan Rajo Anusapati.
Panafsiran nan bakambang di lua nagari — tautamo di antaro panutur bahaso Inggirih jo bahaso asiang lainnyo — adolah; istilah candi hanyo marujuak kapado bangunan paninggalan era Hindu-Buddha di Indonesia, sadangkan dalam bahaso Melayu disabuik jo istilah kuil. Sami halnyo jo istilah wat nan dikaikan jo candi di Kamboja dan Thailand. Akan tatapi, dari suduik pandang bahaso Indonesia, istilah 'candi' juo marujuak kapado sado bangunan basijarah Hindu-Buddha di sadoalah dunia; indak hanyo di Nusantara, tapi juo di Kamboja, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, India, joNepal; takah candi Angkor Wat di Kamboja jo candi Khajuraho di India. Istilah candi juo tadanga mirip jo istilah chedi dalam bahasa Thailand nan aratinyo 'stupa'.
Daftar bangunan jo struktur kolonial di Jakarta

Bangunan jo struktur kolonial di Jakarta mancakuik bangunan-bangunan nan ditagakan salamo maso kolonial Balando di Indonesia. Periode (jo gayanyo) nan manggantian pariode sabalunnyo katiko Jayakarta/Jacatra, nan dikuasai Kesultanan Banten, diancuaan sadoalahnyo dan digantian dek kota dindiang Batavia. Gaya nan mandominasi maso kolonial dapek dibagi manjadi tigo periode: Zaman Ameh Belanda (abaik ka-17—akhia abaik ka-18), periode gaya transisi (akhia abaik ka-18—abaik ka-19), jo modernisme Balando (abaik ka-20). Arsitektur kolonial Balando di Jakarta dapek basobok di gedung-gedung takah rumah atau villa, gereja, gedungp ameaietahan, djo eakantoran di kota administratif Jakarta Pusat djo akarta Barat.
Barikuik iko adolah daftar bangunan jo struktur kolonial nan ado di Jakarta. Daftar iko diuruik bardasarkan abjat sasuai namo resminya. Bangunan nan direnovasi habih sampai mangalami parubahan bantuak dimasuakan ka daftar terpisah agar mudah dibedoan.
Sajumlah bangunan gaya Cino jo musajik nan dibangun sapanjang pariode iko dimasuakan pulo sabagai parbandingan.
Stasiun Padang

Stasiun Padang (PD) (namo lain: Stasiun Simpang Haru) adolah stasiun kareta api nan ado di Simpang Haru, Padang Timur, Padang, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Stasiun iko adolah stasiun paliang gadang di Sumatera Barat. Stasiun ko tamasuak Divisi Regional II Sumatera Barat.
Staatsspoorwegen ter Sumatra's Westkust (SSS), divisi dari Staatsspoorwegen, mambangun jalua kareta api di Sumatra Barat manuruik konsesi izin nan ditabikan dek Pamarintah Kolonial Balando nan alah disatujui dek Parlemen Balando pado bulan September 1887. Pambangunan ko dimulai tanggal 6 Juli 1889, difungsikan untuak maubuangkan Padang jo tambang batu baro Batang Ombilin nan sangaik tanamo.
Sacaro rinci, jalua kareta api segmen ko tadiri ateh segmen Emmahaven (Taluak Bayua) manuju Stasiun Padang nan dirasmikan pado tanggal 1 Oktober 1892, sarato Pulau Air–Padangpanjang pado tanggal 1 Juli 1891.
Stasiun ko malayani pajalanan kareta api Sibinuang dari dan manuju Pariaman-Nareh sarato sajak 2018 kareta labuahan udaro Minangkabau Ekspres dari dan ka Palabuahan udaro Internasional Minangkabau. Kini rel kareta api manuju Pulau Air nan bacabang dari jalua 1 ka diaktifkan baliak untuak angkutan kareta api tujuan Palabuahan udaro Minangkabau dan stasiun ko sadang dilakukan paluasan bangunan stasiun.
Barikuik ko adolah jadwal kareta api panompang nan baranti di Stasiun Padang per 22 Maret 2019 (revisi Gapeka 2017).
(Indonesia) Situs resmi PT Kereta Api Indonesia Archived 2016-12-07 di Wayback Machine.
Palabuahan udaro Internasional Harry Reid

Palabuahan udaro Internasional Harry Reid (IATA: LAS, ICAO: KLAS, FAA LID: LAS) adolah palabuahan udaro internasional di Las Vegas, nagara bagian Nevada, Amerika Sarikat, jo kode IATA LAS atau kode ICAO KLAS. Namo palabuahan udaro iko sabalun 14 Desember 2021 adolah Palabuahan udaro Internasional McCarran.
Palabuahan udaro Internasional Suvarnabhumi

Palabuahan udaro Suvarnabhumi (bahaso Thai: ท่าอากาศยานสุวรรณภูมิ, pronounced [sù.wān.nā.pʰūːm]) (IATA(IATA: BKK, ICAO: VTBS)ICAO(IATA: BKK, ICAO: VTBS) adolah bandaro internasional nan malayani kota Bangkok, Thailand, marupokan bandaro baru untuak manggantikan Palabuahan udaro Internasional Don Muang. Satalah babarapa kali panundaan, bandaro ko akhirnyo mulai dibuka sacaro tabateh pado tanggal 15 September 2006 dan saluruahnyo pado tanggal 28 September 2006.
Bandara ko talatak di Racha Thewa, di distrik Bang Phli, provinsi Samut Prakan, sakita 25 kilometer sabalah timur Bangkok. Namo Suvarnabhumi dipiliah dek Raja Bhumibol Adulyadej nan artinyo tanah ameh. Bandaro ko mampunyoi manara kontrol jo tinggi 132,2 meter, manjadikannyo sabagai bandaro jo manara kontrol tatinggi di dunia.
Laweh tarminal bandaro (563.000 meter persegi) juo manjadikannyo sabagai bandaro nan mampunyoi laweh terminal tungga kaduo di dunia di bawah Bandaro Internasional Hong Kong.
Di Asia, bandaro ko juo manjadi bandaro tasibuik kaampek di bawah Palabuahan udaro Internasional Haneda, Palabuahan udaro Internasional Beijing dan Palabuahan udaro Internasional Hong Kong.
Stasiun Bandara Soekarno-Hatta

Stasiun Bandara Soekarno-Hatta (BST) (bahasa Inggris: Soekarno-Hatta Airport Railway Station) adolah stasiun kereta api bandara nan talatak di Bandar Udara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta, Pajang, Benda, Kota Tangerang, Banten; barado dalam pangelolaan Angkasa Pura II jo KAI Bandara.
Stasiun iko malayani panumpang bandara nan akan manuju ka Stasiun Batuceper, Stasiun Duri, Stasiun Sudirman Baru, hinggo Stasiun Manggarai. Stasiun tasabuik mulai malayani panumpang pado 26 Desember 2017 jo dilewakan pado 2 Januari 2018.
Stasiun iko tahubuang jo Bangunan Integrasi nan malayani moda pangangkuik panumpang Kalayang Bandara Soekarno-Hatta. Moda transportasi tasabuik mahubuangkan stasiun iko jo tigo terminal bandara nan ado.
Kalayang manuju Terminal 1, 2, dan 3
Lukla

Lukla (bahaso Nepali: लुक्ला) adolah kota ketek di wilayah Khumbu Pasanglhamu di Distrik Solukhumbu, nan tamasuak dalam Provinsi No. 1 di sabalah timur lauik Nepal. Kota ko talatak di katinggian 2,860 metres (9,3832,860 meters (9,383 ft), sarato marupoan tampek nan populer untuak para pangunjuang nan ka datang ka Pagunuangan Himalaya dakek Gunuang Everest. Walaupun namo Lukla baarati tampek nan banyak kambiang jo domba, anyo saketek ewan-ewan ko nan dapek ditamuan di sinan kini ko.
Lukla mampunyai ciek palabuahan udaro ketek nan malayani wilayah ko, sarato bamacam-macam toko jo panginapan nan marupoan tampek manginap para wisatawan jo pandaki gunuang, nan maidangkan makanan-makanan barat jo paralatan pandakian nan diparaluan.
Dari Lukla, para pandaki ka mamakan wakatu duo ari untuak mancapai kampuang Namche Bazaar, tampek baranti untuak malakuan aklimatisasi katinggian untuak nan nio mandaki labiah lanjuik lai.
Pado bulan Agustus 2014, pamarentah Nepal maumumkan baso ka dibangun jalanan baaspal patamo nan maubuangkan Kathmandu ka Lukla.
Lukla dilayani dek Palabuahan udaro Tenzing-Hillary. Kutiko cuaco mamungkinkan, kapa tabang bamasin duo Dornier Do 228s jo de Havilland Canada Twin Otters malakuan panabangan rutin di siang ari antaro Lukla jo Kathmandu. Palabuahan udaro Lukla punyo landasan pacu nan sabana pendek jo curam, acok juo ditambah jo cuaco nan buruak, sainggo babarapo kacilakoan fatal panah tajadi. Badar udara ko disabuik sabagai palabuahan udaro nan paliang babahayo di dunia.
Pandakian manuju Kala Patthar atau Pangkalan Dasa Everest (Everest Base Camp) dapek dilakuan dari Lukla malalui Phakding (2,622 m, atau 8,603 kaki), kudian manuju Namche Bazaar. Para pandaki biasonyo barangkek dari Lukla pagi ari, dan mancapai Phakding sanjo jo mainok samalam di panginapan di sinan. Dari Lukla biasonyo mamakan wakatu duo ari untuak mancapai Namche Bazaar, di mano para pandaki acok malakuan aklimatisasi babarapo ari. Kok dipasoan sabananyo dapek juo dari Lukla ka Namche Bazaar ditampuah salamo saari (8-10 jam) bajalan indak baranti, tapi iko indak dianjuakan dek karano resiko sakik katinggian (altitude sickness) dapek maningkek. Satalah dari Namche Bazaar, pajalanan kudian ka malalui Tengboche, Pangboche, Dingboche, Lobuche, inggo ka Gorakshep. Dari Gorakshep, para pandaki kudian ado nan mandaki manuju Kala Patthar, ado pulo nan manuju Pangkalan Dasa Everest.
Templat:Kosi basin
Pangkalan udaro Sutan Sjahrir

Pangkalan udaro Sutan Sjahrir (sabalumnyo banamo Palabuahan udaro Tabiang) adolah sabuah pangkalan militer bagi Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Udaro (TNI-AU) di Padang, Indonesia. Balokasi sakitar 9 km dari pusek kota nan laweh 84,20 hektar, Pangkalan udaro ko marupoan pangkalan militer Tipe B. Sabalum manjadi pangkalan milter, pangkalan udaro ko adolah Bandara Tabiang nan malayani penerbangan-penerbangan komersial untuak kota Padang. Mulai 22 Juli 2005, kasado penerbangan sipil dari Bandara Tabiang dialihan ka Palabuahan udaro Internasional Minangkabau.
North Sumatra Stadium

North Sumatra Stadium is a football stadium in the Deli Sports Complex, in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. It has a capacity of 25,750 people. The stadium was built for the 2024 National Sports Week, where it hosted the closing ceremony. President Joko Widodo opened the stadium officially on October 15, 2024.
The North Sumatra Main Stadium is designed specifically for football, without the athletics track commonly found in Indonesian stadiums. This results in a closer proximity between the pitch and the stands. The stadium is built on a 48,420 square meter land area with a building area of 27,452 square meters. It has a capacity of 25,750 spectators with individual seats. There are 365 seats in the VIP and VVIP stands, and 46 seats specifically designed for people with disabilities. The North Sumatra Main Stadium is also equipped with solar panels to generate its own electricity.
The stadium is equipped with direct rail access from Kualanamu International Airport via the airport train. There is also electric bus service at Mebidang that provides direct transportation from both the airport and from the direction of Medan. Meanwhile, those using private vehicles can take the Trans Sumatra Toll Road, which can be accessed from various cities.
Baggage cart

Baggage carts, luggage carts, luggage trolleys or trolleys are small vehicles pushed by travelers (human-powered) to carry individual luggage, mostly suitcases. There are two major sizes: One for big luggage and one for small luggage. Carts have usually two parts for carrying luggage: A small section (basket) for carry on luggage at the same level as the handle, and a lowered large section for suitcases a small and large bags.
The carts are provided in airports, large bus stations, hotels, or train stations for transporting luggage and may be free of charge. They are sometimes owned by the operator of the establishment. In some facilities carts may be provided by a contractor such as Smarte Carte for a rental fee. Baggage carts are usually built out of steel and equipped with three or four wheels. For safety reasons, they are generally fitted with a brake. Usually, a handle has to be pushed down in order to move the cart, however, in some cases, such as London airports, the handle activates the brake. Very few carts, e.g. in developing countries such as Sri Lanka, do not have this feature.
Where a charge is made, this can be either a deposit, which is returned automatically when the cart is returned; or a rental fee can be charged.
In airports, boarding baggage cart parts are:
A baggage tug is a small tractor, sometimes an electric vehicle, used by the airline industry to tow baggage carts to and from the terminal/cargo facility and the aircraft.
Media related to Baggage carts at Wikimedia Commons
First officer (aviation)

In aviation, the first officer (FO), also called co-pilot, is a pilot in addition to the captain, who is the legal commander. In the event of incapacitation of the captain, the first officer will assume command of the aircraft.
Historically, large aircraft had several personnel on the flight deck, such as a navigator, a flight engineer, and a dedicated radio operator. Improvements in automation and reliability have reduced this to two.
Many aircraft require a minimum of two flight crew. The minimum crew requirement will be stated in the aircraft manuals by the manufacturer. In the European Union, all turbo-propeller aeroplanes with a maximum approved passenger seating configuration of more than nine and all turbo-jet aeroplanes require two pilots.
Control of the aircraft is normally shared equally between the first officer and the captain, with one pilot normally designated the "pilot flying" and the other the "pilot not flying", or "pilot monitoring", for each flight. Even when the first officer is the flying pilot, however, the captain remains ultimately responsible for the aircraft, its passengers, and the crew. In typical day-to-day operations, the essential job tasks remain fairly equal. Often the first officer will log time as pilot in command under supervision (PICUS), for the purpose of working towards an airline transport pilot licence.
Traditionally, the first officer sits on the right-hand side of a fixed-wing aircraft ("right seat") and the left-hand side of a helicopter (the reason for this difference is related to, in many cases, the pilot flying being unable to release the right hand from the cyclic control to operate the instruments, thus they sit on the right side and do that with the left hand).
On a long haul flight, there may be multiple captains and first officers on board, to act as relief crew. While the captain rests, the senior of first officers sits in the left-hand seat, as for example on Air France Flight 447.
Some airlines have the rank of "junior first officer", for pilots who are not yet fully qualified. Modern airliners require two pilots. When a junior first officer is undergoing training, a safety pilot will sit in the jump seat to monitor the junior first officer and the captain. A junior first officer is sometimes known as a second officer. After a certain number of flight hours and experience, a first officer can be promoted to senior first officer. A senior first officer will typically have at least 1,500 hours flight experience.
A first officer may be older or have more experience than a captain. A captain may choose to return to a first officer role to take a job at a different airline. Some pilots prefer to remain a senior first officer than pursue an upgrade to captain, due to the benefits of seniority.
Pilot in command

The pilot in command (PIC) of an aircraft is the person aboard an aircraft who is ultimately responsible for its operation and safety during flight. This would be the captain in a typical two- or three-pilot aircrew, or "pilot" if there is only one certificated and qualified pilot at the controls of an aircraft. The PIC must be legally certificated (or otherwise authorized) to operate the aircraft for the specific flight and flight conditions, but need not be actually manipulating the controls at any given moment. The PIC is the person legally in charge of the aircraft and its flight safety and operation, and would normally be the primary person liable for an infraction of any flight rule.
The strict legal definition of PIC may vary slightly from country to country. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) definition is: "The pilot responsible for the operation and safety of the aircraft during flight time."
In Annex 2, "Rules of the Air", under par. "2.3.1 Responsibility of pilot-in-command", ICAO declares:
In Annex 2, par. "2.4 Authority of pilot-in-command of an aircraft", ICAO adds:
ICAO Annex 2, par. 2.3.1, specifically empowers the PIC to override any other regulation in an emergency, and to take the safest course of action at his/her sole discretion. This provision mirrors the authority given to the captains of ships at sea, with similar justifications. It essentially gives the PIC the final authority in any situation involving the safety of a flight, irrespective of any other law or regulation.
Logging flight time as a PIC is distinct from acting as the legal PIC of a flight. The PIC of a given flight may always log his or her flying time as such. Other crew members may or may not be authorized to log their time on that flight as PIC time, depending on the specific circumstances and the controlling jurisdiction.
Time logged as "student pilot in command" (SPIC) can sometimes be partly used towards the hour requirements for the issue of a commercial pilot licence (CPL). In EASA states, SPIC time means "a student pilot acting as pilot-in-command on a flight with an instructor where the latter will only observe the student pilot and shall not influence or control the flight of the aircraft." It is logged in the pilot's logbook as PIC but must be countersigned by the flight instructor. SPIC time may be partially used by the holder of a multi-crew pilot licence towards the issuance of a commercial pilot licence.
Time logged as "pilot-in-command under supervision" (PICUS) may be partly used towards the hour requirements for the issue of an airline transport pilot licence (ATPL). In EASA states, a pilot-in-command under supervision means "a co-pilot performing, under the supervision of the pilot-in-command, the duties and functions of a pilot-in-command." PICUS time is logged as PIC as long as "the intervention of the PIC in the interest of safety was not required", but must be countersigned by the PIC. PICUS time is typically only logged when the co-pilot is acting as pilot flying.
Tempozan Ferris Wheel

Tempozan Ferris Wheel is a 112 meter tall ferris wheel located in Osaka, Japan, at Tempozan Harbor Village, next to Osaka Aquarium Kaiyukan, one of the largest aquariums in the world. The wheel has a height of 112.5 metres (369 ft) and diameter of 100 metres (330 ft).
Tempozan Ferris Wheel opened to the public on July 12, 1997, and was then the tallest Ferris wheel in the world. During the 17-minute ride it offers a view of Osaka Bay and surrounding areas, including Mount Ikoma to the east, Akashi Kaikyō Bridge to the west, Kansai International Airport to the south, and the Rokko Mountains to the north.
The wheel has colored lights that provide a weather forecast for the next day. Orange lights indicate a sunny day, green lights a cloudy day and blue lights indicate rain.
The Daikanransha Ferris wheel at Palette Town in Odaiba, Tokyo, which opened in 1999, has the same diameter as Tempozan, but 2.5 metres more in total height. Sky Dream Fukuoka opened in 2002 and has a diameter of 112 metres and a total height of 120 metres, but ceased operating in September 2009. The Diamond and Flower Ferris Wheel at Kasai Rinkai Park, east of Tokyo, opened in 2001 and has a diameter of 111 metres and a height of 117 metres.
Baiyun Mountain (Guangdong)

Baiyun Mountain, also known as White Cloud Mountain, is a mountain located a few miles to the north of Guangzhou, China. It has a height of 427 metres (1,401 ft).
Báiyún is Mandarin Chinese for "White Clouds", derived from views of the mountain's peaks shrouded in mist during late Spring or after a rain. Its former English name, Pakwan, is a form of the Cantonese pronunciation of the same name. In English, it is also known as White Cloud Mountain, Mount Baiyun, Baiyun Shan, or—since the "mountain" is, properly speaking, a "mountain range"—the "Baiyun Mountains".
Baiyun is informally known as the "City's Lung" (市肺), from its greenery. It is also acclaimed as the "First Beauty in Guangzhou” (羊城第一秀) or the “Most Famous Mountain South of Ling” (岭南第一名山). Moxing Peak, its highest point, is similarly sometimes called the “First Peak under the Southern Sky” (天南第一峰).
Baiyun Mountain has been famed as a scenic spot since ancient times. Its visitors predated the foundation of Panyu (now Guangzhou) in 214 BC, with various celebrities of the Warring States period (5th–3rd centuries BC) known to have traveled there. Its beauty was again celebrated during the 3rd–5th century Jin dynasty and the 7th–9th century Tang. Since the Song, various scenes at Baiyun have been named among the Eight Sights of Ram City, lists of Guangzhou's loveliest spots. However, few of the historical sites have survived to the present day and others—such as the view of Guangzhou's old walled city at dusk—have changed drastically as the city has expanded to and around the mountain.
In its most recent years, Baiyun has become home to a small Kung Fu community. Baiyun Kung Fu or White Cloud Kung Fu. Named after the landscape they train in.
The White Cloud Mountain minnow, now a popular aquarium fish worldwide, was discovered in this area in the 1930s.
23°11′12″N 113°17′41″E﻿ / ﻿23.186642°N 113.294749°E﻿ / 23.186642; 113.294749
Martinique Aimé Césaire International Airport

Martinique Aimé Césaire International Airport (French: Aéroport international de Martinique-Aimé-Césaire, pronounced [maʁtinik ɛme sezɛːʁ]) (IATA: FDF, ICAO: TFFF) is an international airport of Martinique in the French West Indies. Located in Le Lamentin, a suburb of the capital Fort-de-France, it was opened in 1950 and renamed in 2007, after author and politician Aimé Césaire.
The airport is at an elevation of 16 ft (5 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 10/28 with an asphalt surface measuring 3,000 m × 45 m (9,843 ft × 148 ft). When Air Martinique existed, its headquarters were located on the airport property. The runway is of a length that can accommodate large jets, including 747s from France. On at least two occasions, the Concorde flew from Paris and landed at the airport in Martinique.
Passenger facilities include police, customs, baggage claim, pharmacy, vaccination bureau, handicap facilities, tobacconist, bank, money changing, souvenir shops, tax-free shopping, gift shop, florist, hairdresser, car rentals, taxi, parking, restaurants, cafés and bars, and two hotels.
Cargo facilities include a 747 freighter dock, bonded warehouse, transit zone, mechanical handling, heated storage, refrigerated storage, mortuary, fresh meat inspection, health officials, very large/heavy cargo, and an express/courier centre.
Media related to Martinique Aimé Césaire International Airport at Wikimedia Commons
Airport apron

The airport apron, apron, flight line, or ramp is the area of an airport where aircraft are parked, unloaded or loaded, refueled, boarded, or maintained. Although the use of the apron is covered by regulations, such as lighting on vehicles, it is typically more accessible to users than the runway or taxiway. However, the apron is not usually open to the general public, and a permit may be required to gain access. An apron's designated areas for aircraft parking are called aircraft stands.
By extension, the term apron is also used to identify the air traffic control (ATC) position responsible for coordinating movement on this surface at busier airports. When the aerodrome control tower does not have control over the apron, the use of the apron may be controlled by an apron management service (also known as apron control or apron advisory) to provide coordination between the users. Apron control allocates aircraft parking stands (gates) and communicates this information to tower or ground control and to airline handling agents; it also authorises vehicle movements where they could conflict with taxiing aircraft such as outside of painted road markings. The authority responsible for the aprons is also responsible for relaying to ATC information about the apron conditions such as water, snow, construction or maintenance works on or adjacent to the apron, temporary hazards such as birds or parked vehicles, systems failure etc. Procedures should be established for a coordinated information provision between the aircraft, vehicle, apron control unit and ATC to facilitate the orderly transition of aircraft between the apron management unit and the aerodrome control tower.
The apron is designated by the ICAO as not being part of the maneuvering area but included in the movement area. Aircraft stand taxilanes (providing access to aircraft stands) and apron taxiways (taxi routes across the apron) are located on the apron. All vehicles, aircraft and people using the apron are referred to as apron traffic.
The US military typically refers to the apron area as the flight line. The RAAF also uses the term flight line.
The apron at airports is sometimes informally called the tarmac, even though most of these areas are paved with concrete, not tarmac. Specific materials used include asphalt concrete (which itself is often inexactly called "tarmac", adding to the confusion), porous friction course, and Portland cement concrete.
In the United States, the word ramp is an older term for an area where pre-flight activities were done; an apron was any area for parking and maintenance. Passenger gates are the main feature of a terminal ramp. The word apron is the ICAO and FAA terminology (the word ramp is not), so the word ramp is not used with this meaning outside the US, Canada, the Maldives, and the Philippines. IATA cites ramp as an equivalent term to apron.
For seaplanes, a ramp is used to access the apron/seaplane base from the water.
AirSWIFT

AirSWIFT (formerly Island Transvoyager) is a boutique airline in the Philippines with a permit to operate domestic scheduled and non-scheduled air transportation services. It also served the aircraft transportation requirements of its affiliated company, El Nido Resorts. In October 2024, Cebu Pacific acquired AirSWIFT at a cost of P1.75 billion from ALI Capital Corporation of Ayala Corporation.
Founded in 2002 as Island Transvoyager, the company had three Dornier 228 aircraft. All of these were retired by early 2013 and replaced by ATR 42-600s. Ayala Capital Corporation acquired ownership of ITI in 2012. In October 2015, Island Transvoyager rebranded as AirSWIFT. On October 7, 2024, Cebu Pacific announced the acquisition of AirSWIFT from ALI Capital Corporation at a cost of P1.75 billion, while retaining flight schedule and services.
The company operates El Nido Airport, a private airport at El Nido, Palawan which serves as its operating base.
As of March 2025, AirSWIFT flies (or has flown) to the following domestic destinations within the Philippines:
As of July 2024, AirSWIFT operates an all-ATR fleet composed of the following aircraft:
AirSWIFT is one of the two known charter airlines in the Philippines which own and operate a private airport. The other is Sky Pasada.
In Palawan, it operates El Nido Airport while it operates Sicogon Airport in Sicogon Island, Carles, Iloilo.
Is This What We Want?

Is This What We Want? is an album by various artists, released on 25 February 2025 through Virgin Music Group. It consists of silence recorded in recording studios, protesting the use of unlicensed copyrighted work to train artificial intelligence. The track titles form the sentence "The British Government must not legalise music theft to benefit AI companies". Profits from the album will go toward Help Musicians.
Rapid progress in AI technology, constituting an AI boom, was brought to widespread public attention in the early 2020s by text-to-image models such as DALL-E, Midjourney, and Stable Diffusion, which were able to generate complex images that convincingly resembled human-made artworks. The proliferation of such image generation algorithms coincided with the release of GPT-3 and development of GPT-4, advanced large language models which produce highly convincing text. These transformer-based models designed to create new content from prompts are collectively called generative artificial intelligence, and they require vast sets of training data. This data often consists of text, images, and other media scraped from the web, prompting concerns that the AI products may violate intellectual property rights.
Suno AI and Udio, two AI startups whose products generate music recordings following user-submitted prompts, were sued in 2024 by Sony Music, Warner Music Group, and Universal Music Group, who alleged that the companies used copyrighted recordings in their training data without authorization.
In December 2024, the UK government announced a consultation on copyright and AI, outlining a preferred approach that would see the introduction of a data mining copyright exception with a rights reservation package for rights holders. In the months following the announcement of the consultation, a number of prominent musicians warned of the threat it posed to musicians, including Paul McCartney and Elton John.
Is This What We Want? consists of 12 tracks, each uncredited. 1,000 artists are credited as co-writers, including Kate Bush, Damon Albarn, Tori Amos, Annie Lennox, Pet Shop Boys, Billy Ocean, the Clash, Ed O'Brien, Dan Smith, Jamiroquai, Mystery Jets, Hans Zimmer, Imogen Heap, Yusuf/Cat Stevens, Max Richter, the King's Singers, the Sixteen, John Rutter, and James MacMillan. The album was organised by the British composer Ed Newton-Rex, who had previously held a position in Stable Diffusion's parent company Stability AI.
The album debuted at number 38 on the UK Albums Downloads Chart.
Lists of airports

An airport is an aerodrome with facilities for flights to take off and land. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft, and a control tower. An airport consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway for a plane to take off or a helipad, and often includes adjacent utility buildings such as control towers, hangars and terminals.
An airport with a helipad for rotorcraft but no runway is called a heliport. An airport for use by seaplanes and amphibious aircraft is called a seaplane base. Such a base typically includes a stretch of open water for takeoffs and landings, and seaplane docks for tying-up. An international airport has additional facilities for customs and immigration.