davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Teahouse on Mooslahnerkopf Hill

The Teahouse on Mooslahnerkopf Hill was the favourite destination of Adolf Hitler when he was at the Berghof at Obersalzberg.
After architect Roderich Fick had expanded the house Wachenfeld to the Berghof for Hitler in 1936, Martin Bormann commissioned him to construct the tea house on Mooslahnerkopf not far from the domicile on Obersalzberg. In the catalog of works, however, it is listed as a "teahouse on Moslahnerkopf" as well as in the architectural plans and in the memories of Eva Braun. The cylindrical teahouse was built in 1937 and was Hitler's favourite destination which he, in contrast to the Kehlsteinhaus (Eagle's Nest), used nearly every afternoon. On April 25, 1945, the area on the Obersalzberg was attacked by the Royal Air Force. The teahouse was not hit. The house was destroyed and demolished by the Americans in 1951-1952, to prevent it being used as a memorial to Hitler.
The teahouse was built directly on the hillside, a foothill of the Hoher Göll. The central basement had a diameter of nine metres and was illuminated by three large windows, which also allowed a limited panoramic view in the Berchtesgadener basin. A power supply, water connection, and a sewer were also installed. The entrance to the round teahouse was on the hillside. In the middle stood a circular table, arranged around the upholstered armchair. There was additional seating around the central furniture. The rotunda was followed by a 12-meter-long, hexagonal farm building. In the further area - not visible to guests hidden in the surrounding forest - there were single-person air raid shelters and buildings for the guards.
Hitler made the 20-minute walk from the Berghof to the teahouse with his dog Blondi, closest friends, and associates. After having tea, coffee, and cakes, Hitler often fell asleep and was driven back to the Berghof by car. The others had to go back by foot.
The remains that used to be near a golf course (hole 13) were finally removed in August 2006 by order of the Bavarian government, after the establishment of the Kempinski Hotel Berchtesgaden (originally the InterContinental and now the Kempinski Hotel Berchtesgaden). Today nothing remains of the buildings, but the panoramic view point still exists. It was rebuilt for a movie about Albert Speer and Hitler. One single-person air raid shelter exists in the woods nearby.
Vuguvugu la Uhuru wa Kenya

Kenya Independence Movement (KIM), yaani Vuguvugu la Uhuru wa Kenya, kilikuwa chama cha kisiasa nchini Kenya.
KIM ilianzishwa mnamo Agosti 1959 na wajumbe wa Kiafrika wa Baraza la Kutunga Sheria, na iliongozwa na Julius Gikonyo Kiano, Tom Mboya na Jaramogi Oginga Odinga. Kimsingi chama cha Wakikuyu na Wajaluo, uundaji wake ulikuwa jibu la kuanzishwa kwa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kenya, na uanachama wake uliwekwa kwa Waafrika tu. Wawili hao pia walitofautiana kuhusu uhuru, huku KIM wakidai ifikapo 1961, wakati KNP ilikuwa imetulia mnamo 1968.
Hata hivyo, kufikia mwisho wa 1959 wafuasi wa wawili hao waliunganishwa ili kuwasilisha kundi lenye umoja katika Mkutano wa Lancaster House. Mwaka uliofuata uongozi wa KIM ulianzisha Muungano wa Kitaifa wa Afrika wa Kenya kupitia muungano na Muungano wa Afrika wa Kenya na Chama cha Kitaifa cha Mkutano wa Watu, huku KNP kikiunganishwa na vyama vingine kuunda mpinzani wa Muungano wa Kidemokrasia wa Afrika wa Kenya (Kenya African Democratic Union).
Reli ya SGR ya Kenya

Reli ya SGR ya Kenya ni mfumo mpya wa reli nchini Kenya kati ya miji wa Mombasa na Nairobi unaotumia geji sanifu (kwa Kiingereza: standard gauge). Reli hiyo ni mradi mkubwa wa miundombinu tangu uhuru mwaka 1963. Ilijengwa na kampuni ya China Road and Bridge Corporation kwa kutumia wajenzi kutoka China pamoja na Wakenya 25,000 katika muda wa miaka mitatu hadi mwaka 2016.
Urefu ya reli ya SGR ya Kenya ni kilomita 472 na kuna stesheni tisa.
Reli ya zamani ya Kenya ilijengwa wakati wa ukoloni. Ilikuwa hasa njia ya Reli ya Kenya-Uganda. Iliporomoka tangu mwaka 2000 kwa sababu ya ukosefu wa matengenezo. Treni ya abiria ilihitaji siku nzima kutoka Mombasa hadi Nairobi badala ya saa 12 jinsi iliovyokuwa katika miaka ya 1990. Serikali ya Kenya ilikubali kukodi makandarasi ya Kichina kujenga reli ya kisasa wakati wa 2011. Mradi huo umekamilishwa wakati wa mwezi Desemba mwaka 2016, takriban miezi 18 mapema zaidi.
Watu wanaweza kusafiri mpaka bandari ya Mombasa au hadi mji mkuu Nairobi kwa urahisi sasa kwa sababu ya reli mpya. Watahitaji kutumia saa nne na nusu tu ikilinganishwa na saa tisa kwa kutumia basi. Bila shaka, reli mpya itapunguza muda wa kusafiri. Kisha, ajali zimezidi barabarani kwa sababu ya kuongezeka kwa magari. Watu wanataka kutumia reli kwa sababu ya usalama pia.
Ujenzi wa reli ya Standard Gauge ya Kenya umeongeza nafasi za kazi kwa watu elfu ishirini na tano Wakenya kulingana na mkataba kati ya serikali ya Kenya na makandarasi ya China. Vijana wenyeji wengi wamepata seti mpya ya ujuzi kutokana na mradi huu. Inawezekana kwamba vijana wa Kenya wanaweza kupata kazi nzuri baada ya kukamilishwa kwa ujenzi wa reli kwa sababu ya ujuzi ambao walisoma. Reli ya kisasa itaongeza kazi, kama wahudumu katika treni, na wauzaji katika stesheni.
Reli ya SGR ya Kenya, bila shaka, itakuwa na manufaa ya muda mrefu kwa uchumi wa Kenya. Itaongeza usafiri wa watu na vitu kati ya miji mingi katika Kenya. Uchumi wa miji ambayo pamoja na mistari wa reli utakuwa na maendeleo. Ni muhumu zaidi kwamba reli ya SGR ya Kenya itaweza kuunganisha miji mikuu wa nchi nyingine katika Afrika mashariki.
Hata hiyo, ingawa reli mpya inaweza kuletea Kenya maendeleo ya uchumi kwa muda mrefu, baadhi ya wafanyabiashara wameharibiwa na mradi huu. Kwa mfano, reli mpya imeathiri pakubwa biashara ya mabasi na malori. Abiria zaidi wanataka kutumia reli badala ya basi. Kwa hiyo, wafanyabiashara hao wanahitaji kufikiri jinsi ya kufaa mabadiliko haya.
Athari ya reli mpya kwa mazingira ya asili ya Kenya ni kwamba inapitia hifadhi ya taifa ya Tsavo. Ijapokuwa mkandarasi wa China alifanya mabadiliko ya kubuni, wanyama katika mbuga ya kitaifa wanaathirika kwa mradi huu.
Watu wanasema serikali ya Kenya iliomba fedha nyingi kutoka China na itasabisha mgogoro wa madeni katika Kenya. Reli yote ilifadhiliwa kwa mikopo dola bilioni 3.2 kutoka benki ya China ya Exim katika kipindi cha miaka 2015. Kuwepo kwa milima na mabonde ilisababisha gharama ya juu ya mradi huo kulingana na serikali ya Kenya.
Kenya People's Union

Kenya People's Union ni Chama cha Kisiasa nchini Kenya kilichoongozwa na Oginga Odinga ambacho baadaye kilipigwa marufuku mnamo 1969.
Mnamo Machi 1966, mzozo ulitokea katika mkutano wa chama tawala KANU uliyofanya mlengo wa kushoto wa chama ukiacha chama hicho na kuanzisha KPU. KANU ilibadilisha sheria za uchaguzi kulazimisha wabunge waliyejiunga na KPU kutetea viti vyao katika uchaguzi mdogo. KPU iliweza kushinda hasa kwa Waluo Mkoani Nyanza pekee, huku waliyesimama kwingine wakishindwa na wanasiasa kutoka chama cha KANU ambacho wakati huo kilikuwa kikitawalwa na wanasiasa Wakikuyu . Mwisho wa Chama hiki uliwadia wakati wa Ufunguzi wa Hospitali ya New Nyanza mnamo 25 Oktoba 1969. Wakati huo rais Jomo Kenyatta hakupendezwa na ufunguzi wa hospitali hiyo kwa vile ilijengwa na fedha za Soviet na ilionekana kama mradi wa Odinga. Hata hivyo Kenyatta aliongoza sherehe za ufunguzi wake ili kuimarisha umaarufu wake Mkoani Nyanza. Wajaluo walijulikana kuwa wenye hasira mno kwa kawaida, hasa kwa serikali tangu mauaji ya Tom Mboya miezi michache iliyotangulia, huku vidole vingi vikimwelekea Kenyatta. Maandamano yalianzishwa wakati wa sherehe hizo za ufunguzi wakati wafuazi wa KPU waliushanbulia msafara wa rais. Zaidi ya watu kumi waliuawa wakati walinzi wa Kenyatta walifunguaufyatuaji wa risasi dhidi ya waandamanaji hao. Odinga na maafisa wengine wa chama cha KPU walititiwa nguvuni siku mbili baada ya tukio hilo. KPU kilifutiliwa mbali mnamo 30 Oktoba 1969, huku Kenya ikibakia na Chama Kimoja.
Wafuatao ni wanasiasa waliojiunga na KPU. ‘’Katika mabano ni jimbo la uchaguzi walilowakilisha’’ .:
Katiba ya Kenya

Katiba ya Kenya ndiyo sheria kuu kabisa ya Jamhuri ya Kenya. Katiba ya mwaka 2010 ilichukua nafasi ya katiba ya wakati wa uhuru ya mwaka 1963.
Katiba hiyo alipatiwa Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Kenya tarehe 7 Aprili 2010, ikachapishwa rasmi tarehe 6 Mei 2010 na kuwekewa kura ya maoni tarehe 4 Agosti 2010.
Ilipitishwa kwa kura 67% na kutangazwa tarehe 27 Agosti 2010.
Katiba ya mwaka 1963, ilirekebishwa katika mwaka 1969. Marekebisho yalibadilisha Kenya kutoka mfumo wa shirikisho, uliokuwa ukijulikana kama mfumo wa majimbo, hadi mfumo wa umoja na kuifanya bunge iwe ya chumba kimoja. Serikali ilibadilika kutoka mfumo wa kibunge hadi mfumo wastani wa kirais, ikiwa na rais mwenye nguvu zaidi. Ulinzi wa orodha ya haki ulipunguzwa. Marekebisho mengine yalifanyika mwaka 1982. Yaliifanya Kenya kuwa nchi ya chama kimoja.
Madai ya kuwa na katiba mpya yalianzia miaka ya 1990. Mfumo wa chama kimoja ulibadilishwa tena mwaka 1991, na uchaguzi wa kwanza wa urais ukafanyika mwaka 1992. Mwaka 2002, chama cha Muungano wa Mpinde wa Kitaifa (NARC) kilishinda uchaguzi. Mashauriano baina ya serikali na mashirika ya kiraia yalifanya kuwepo kwa "Katiba Rasimu ya Bomas". Ilipigiwa kura ya maoni tarehe 21 Novemba 2005 lakini haikupitishwa.
Rasimu ya katiba ya 2010 iliandikwa na Kamati ya Wataalamu na kuchapishwa kwa umma tarehe 17 Novemba 2009 ili kuwezesha mjadala wa umma na bunge iamue kama ingetaka ipigiwe kura ya maoni. Umma ulipatiwa muda wa mwezi mmoja kuikagua na kupeleka mapendekezo na marekebisho kwa wabunge wao. Rasimu rekebishe ilipelekwa kwa Kamati ya Bunge ikarekebishwa na kurudishwa kwa Kamati ya Wataalamu. Waliichapisha Katiba Iliyopendekezwa tarehe 23 Februari 2010, iliyopelekwa bungeni ipigwe msasa.
Bunge Ilipitisha katiba hiyo kwa pamoja tarehe 1 Aprili 2010. Ilipelekwa kwa Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Kenya tarehe 7 Aprili 2010, ikachapishwa rasmi tarehe 6 Mei 2010 na kufanyiwa kura ya maoni tarehe 4 Agosti 2010. Ilipitishwa na wapigakura 67%.
Kilicho kipya katika katiba hii ni:
Katika kilele cha utendaji, kuna rais, naibu wa rais na baraza la mawaziri
Kuna mahakama kuu tatu:
Kuna Tume Huduma ya Mahakama, iliyo huru, inayoshughulikia uteuzi wa majaji
Kenya African National Union

Kenya African National Union au KANU ni chama cha kisiasa nchini Kenya. KANU ilikuwa chama tawala cha nchi tangu uhuru katika mwaka 1963 hadi kushindwa katika uchaguzi wa 2002.
Chama kilianzishwa 1960 na wanasiasa waliyekuwa wanachama wa Kenya African Union ilichoanzishwa mwaka 1944 kwa jina la Kenya African Study Union. Jina likabadilishwa haraka kuwa "Kenya African Union" likabaki hivyo hadi 1952 KAU iliposimamishwa na serikali ya ukoloni. Mwenyekiti wa KAU ilipo ajiliwa alikuwa James Gichuru. Gichuru alipatia kiti chake cha uongozi Jomo Kenyatta wakati Kenyatta aliporudi Kenya baada ya miaka 20 ngambo. Gichuru angerudia tendo hili wakati alipochaguliwa kuongoza KANU ilipofufuliwa kupigania uchaguzi ambayo ingekuwa 1963. Kenyatta angeendelea kuongoza hiki chama tangu mwaka 1960 hadi kifo chake 1978. Tangu Oktoba 1978 Daniel Arap Moi akawa kiongozi wa chama.
Katika uchaguzi wa 1963. KANU ilishinda vyama vya KADU na APP na kupata ruhusa ya kuunda serikali huru ya kwanza nchini Kenya. Mwaka iliyofuata wabunge wa hivi vyama walivuka sakafu na kujiunga na KANU. Kenya ikawa nchi ya utawala wa chama kimoja, yaani defacto. Mambo yaliendelea hivo hivo, isipokuwa muda mfupi kutoka 1966-69, mpaka 1982 mwaka katiba ya Kenya iliharirishwa kulingana na mfumo wa chama kimoja na KANU kuwa chama cha kisiasa cha pekee yaani dejure. Vyama vingine vilipigwa marufuku. Hali hii ilidumu hadi 1991 wakati serikali ya Moi ililazimishwa kukubali vyama vingi na badiliko la katiba tena.
Katika uchaguzi za 1992 na 1997 KANU ilifaulu kurudi kama chama kikubwa kwa sababu wapinzani wake walikosa umoja na kura za upinzani zilitawanyika kwa vyama mbalimbali kama vile Democratic Party of Kenya, Ford-Kenya, Ford-Asili na National Development Party of Kenya.
2001 Moi alipatana ushirikiano na Raila Odinga wa NDP aliyejiunga na serikali ya Moi kwanza kama waziri. Baadaye NDP ilijiunga na KANU na jina la chama cha pamoja likawa KANU Mpya (New KANU). Odinga akawa Katibu Mkuu.
Mwaka 2002 Moi alipanga kukabidhi uongozi wa taifa mkononi mwa Uhuru Kenyatta aliye mtoto wa mzee Jomo Kenyatta kwa njia ya uchaguzi wa rais. Hii ilileta farakano ndani ya KANU. Kundi la Raila Odinga pamoja na wanaKANU wa miaki mingi waliondoka kwa sababu hawakuridhika na Kenyatta kuwa mgombea wa urais.
Wananchi wa Kenya walipendelea chama cha National Rainbow Coalition pamoja na mgombea wake Mwai Kibaki na KANU ilipata kura chache ikarudi bungeni kama chama cha upinzani.
Wakati huu wa upinzani baada ya 2002 KANU iliona mafarakano mengi. Chama kilichobaki kiliongozwa na Uhuru Kenyatta lakini alipingwa na kundi chini ya Nicolas Biwott kilichojitenga kwa muda. 2006 wakajiunga na serikali ya umoja wa kitaifa cha Kibaki.
Kabla ya uchaguzi wa 2007 KANU iliunga mkono maungano ya Party of National Unity ya rais Kibaki ikimpigania Kibaki kama rais lakini kuwa na wagombea wake wa pekee. Kenyatta alitangaza ya kwamba KANU itadai cheo cha makamu wa rais.
Katika uchaguzi wa 2007 KANU ilishika viti 11 bungeni. Wapinzani wa Kenyatta ndani ya chama walidhoofika baada ya Biwott kutofaulu kutetea nafasi yake bungeni.
Senegal

Senegal (pia Senegali) ni nchi ya Afrika ya Magharibi iliyopo upande wa kusini wa mto Senegal.
Imepakana na Mauritania upande wa kaskazini, Mali upande wa mashariki, Guinea na Guinea-Bisau kusini na Bahari Atlantiki upande wa magharibi.
Nchi ya Gambia inazungukwa na eneo la Senegal isipokuwa upande wa bahari.
Visiwa vya Cabo Verde viko km 560 mbele ya pwani ya Senegal.
Senegal ni nchi inayogusana na kanda ya Sahel na pia kanda ya Tropiki.
Uso wa nchi ni hasa tambarare zinazopanda juu polepole kuelekea kusini mashariki. Sehemu nyingine zinafikia mita 580 juu ya UB. Kusini kabisa iko kasoko kubwa la Velingara.
Hali ya hewa ni ya kitropiki. Majira ya mvua ni hasa miezi ya Mei hadi Novemba.
Nchi imegawanyika katika mikoa 14 iliyogawanyika tena katika wilaya 45.
Miji mikubwa ni Dakar (wakazi 2 476 400), Pikine (wakazi 874 062), Thiès (wakazi 252 320), Saint-Louis (wakazi 176 000), Kaolack (wakazi 172 305), Ziguinchor (wakazi 159,788), Tiebo (wakazi 100 289). Karibu nusu ya watu huishi mijini.
Kwa wakati na kiasi tofauti eneo la Senegal lilikuwa sehemu ya Dola la Ghana, ya Dola la Mali na hatimaye ya Dola la Songhai
Baadaye lilikuwa koloni la Ufaransa hadi mwaka 1960.
Kuna wakazi milioni 13.5 na idadi kubwa ni wa chini ya umri wa miaka 20. Wameongezeka sana, mnamo mwaka 1985 idadi ilikuwa milioni 5 tu.
Kikundi kikubwa nchini ni Wawolof (43%), wengine ni Wafula wakiwa pamoja na Watukulur (24%), halafu Waserer (14.7%), Wadiola (4%),Wamandinka (3%), Wasoninke.
Kwa ujumla kuna lugha 37 nchini Senegal. Kiwolofu kinazidi kuenea, lakini mpaka sasa lugha rasmi ni Kifaransa. Shuleni kinatumika pia Kireno, hasa kusini.
Theluthi mbili ya wakazi hawajui kusoma.
Senegal ni nchi isiyo na dini rasmi. Wakazi wengi sana (94%) ni Waislamu (hasa Wasunni); Wakristo (hasa Wakatoliki) ni takriban 5%.
Shilingi ya Uganda

Shilingi ya Uganda (UGX) ni sarafu rasmi ya Uganda, inayotolewa na kudhibitiwa na Benki Kuu ya Uganda. Ilianzishwa mwaka 1966, ikichukua nafasi ya Shilingi ya Afrika Mashariki kwa uwiano sawa. Shilingi ya Uganda inatumika sana katika miamala ya kila siku na inapatikana katika sarafu na noti za thamani mbalimbali.
Kabla ya kuanzishwa kwa shilingi ya Uganda, nchi hiyo ilitumia Shilingi ya Afrika Mashariki, ambayo ilishirikiwa na Kenya na Tanzania. Mnamo 1966, Uganda ilianzisha sarafu yake yenyewe, Shilingi ya Uganda (UGX), ili kupata uhuru wa kifedha. Kwa miaka mingi, shilingi hii imepitia mageuzi kadhaa, ikiwa ni pamoja na mageuzi makubwa ya sarafu mwaka 1987, ambapo shilingi mpya ilianzishwa kwa kiwango cha 1 shilingi mpya = shilingi 100 za zamani kutokana na mfumuko mkubwa wa bei.
Noti hizi zina picha za viongozi wa kitaifa, alama za kitamaduni, na maeneo muhimu kama vile Mnara wa Uhuru, Msitu wa Bwindi, na Ziwa Victoria.
Sarafu za Uganda zinapatikana katika thamani zifuatazo:
Sarafu hutumika zaidi kwa miamala midogo, huku noti zikipendelewa kwa malipo makubwa.
Ili kuzuia wizi wa kughushi, noti za Uganda zina vipengele vya usalama vya kisasa, kama vile:
Shilingi ya Uganda ni sarafu inayobadilika kulingana na soko, na thamani yake huamuliwa na mahitaji na usambazaji wa soko. Kiwango cha ubadilishaji hubadilika kulingana na hali ya kiuchumi, mfumuko wa bei, na akiba ya fedha za kigeni. Kufikia mwaka 2024, dola moja ya Marekani (USD) ni takribani sawa na 3,800–3,900 UGX.
Mfumuko wa bei nchini Uganda unadhibitiwa na Benki Kuu ya Uganda, lakini shilingi imekuwa ikipungua thamani kwa muda kutokana na changamoto za kiuchumi na mwenendo wa soko la kimataifa.
Shilingi ya Uganda inakubalika kote nchini kwa malipo yote. Katika maeneo ya mpakani, fedha za kigeni kama dola ya Marekani na shilingi ya Kenya wakati mwingine hutumika. Uchumi wa Uganda unategemea sana kilimo, utalii, na viwanda, na shilingi ina jukumu muhimu katika biashara na uchumi wa nchi.
Magadi Soda Company

Kampuni ya Magadi ya Kenya inatengeneza bidhaa za soda na inapatikana mjini Magadi kusini magharibi mwa Kenya. Kampuni ilianzishwa 1911 kando ya Ziwa Magadi ambamo madini ya Trona yanapatiana. Kwenye kampuni madini ya trona yanageuzwa kuwa Soda jivu kisha inasafirishwa kwa njia ya reli kwenda Mombasa ambako itasafirishwa na meli kwenda Uropa ama Asia.
Magadi ni moja ya kammpuni za Brunner Mond, Imperial Chemical Industries, na Tata Chemicals, na makao yake makuu yako Magadi, Kenya.
Kampuni ya Magadi inasafirisha bidhaa zake kwa kutumia njia ya reli ya Shirika la Reli la Kenya.
29 Agosti

Tarehe 29 Agosti ni siku ya 241 ya mwaka (ya 242 katika miaka mirefu). Mpaka uishe zinabaki siku 124.
Wakristo wengi, wakifuata mapokeo ya Roma, huadhimisha kumbukumbu ya mtakatifu Yohane Mbatizaji kukatwa kichwa na ya watakatifu Basila wa Srijem, Sabina wa Roma, Adelfo wa Metz, Vikta wa Nantes, Sebi, Mederiki, Yoana Jugan n.k.
Shilingi ya Kenya

Shilingi ya Kenya (KES) kwa Kiingereza (Kenyan shillings) ni sarafu rasmi ya Kenya, inayodhibitiwa na Benki Kuu ya Kenya (CBK). Inafupishwa kama KSh na imegawanywa katika senti 100. Ilianzishwa mwaka 1966, ikichukua nafasi ya shilingi ya Afrika Mashariki. Sarafu hii inapatikana katika noti (shilingi 50 hadi 1,000) na sarafu (shilingi 1 hadi 50). Ni mojawapo ya sarafu zinazotumika zaidi barani Afrika.
Shilingi ya Kenya inatumika kama njia ya malipo katika sekta zote za uchumi, ikiwemo biashara, benki, na taasisi za serikali. Benki Kuu ya Kenya inasimamia usambazaji wa shilingi kupitia mifumo rasmi ya kifedha ili kuhakikisha uthabiti wa sarafu. Noti zake zinapatikana katika vipimo tofauti, huku sarafu zikitumika kwa miamala midogo. Shilingi ya Kenya pia inakubalika katika baadhi ya nchi jirani kwa biashara mipakani, ikionyesha umuhimu wake katika ukanda wa Afrika Mashariki.
Majina ya zamani:
Belize

Belize ni nchi ya Amerika ya Kati upande wa pwani ya mashariki.
Inapakana na nchi za Mexiko, Guatemala na Honduras.
Makao makuu yako Belmopan, lakini mji mkubwa zaidi ni Belize.
Hadi mwaka 1973 ilijulikana kama koloni la British Honduras (Honduras ya Kiingereza).
Tangu mwaka 1964 koloni lilikuwa na serikali yake na madaraka ya kujitawala katika mambo ya ndani.
Uhuru kamili ukafuata tarehe 21 Septemba 1981.
Uhusiano na nchi jirani ya Guatemala ulikuwa mgumu kwa miaka mingi kwa sababu serikali ya Guatemala ilidai kuwa Belize ni sehemu yake.
Ingawa wakazi si wengi, wana asili tofauti sana. Walio wengi ni machotara: kati yao, 52.9% wana damu ya Waindio zaidi, 32% damu ya Kiafrika zaidi. Wanafuata kwa wingi Waindio asili, Wahindi, Wazungu, Wachina n.k.
Lugha rasmi ni Kiingereza, lakini kwa kawaida zinazungumzwa Krioli (62.6%) na Kihispania (30%).
Upande wa dini, 73.8% ni Wakristo (40.1% ni Wakatoliki na 31.8% Waprotestanti wa madhehebu mbalimbali). 15.5% hawana dini yoyote.
Visiwa vya Aland

Visiwa vya Aland (kwa Kiswidi: Åland; kwa Kifini: Ahvenanmaa) ni funguvisiwa la Bahari ya Baltiki upande wa kusini magharibi wa Ufini.
Mji mkuu ni Mariehamn kwenye kisiwa cha Fasta Åland.
Ndani ya Ufini ni jimbo lenye utamaduni wa Kiswidi lililo na hali ya pekee kikatiba na kiwango kikubwa cha kujitawala.
Funguvisiwa lina visiwa zaidi ya 6,000: vingi ni vidogo sana na 60 pekee vina watu. Jumla ya wakazi ni 26,530.
Umbali na Ufini ni kilomita 15 na Uswidi ni km 40.
Kisiwa kikubwa ni Fasta Åland upande wa magharibi. Eeno la visiwa vyote ni km² 1,554.
Tangu mwaka 1000 BK visiwa vilikuwa chini ya Uswidi. Wakati wa Uswidi kutawala Ufini vilihesabiwa pamoja na jimbo la Kifini la Uswidi.
Tangu mwaka 1809 vilihamishwa chini ya Urusi pamoja na Ufini wote.
Baada ya vita kuu ya kwanza ya dunia kulitokea uhuru wa Ufini pamoja na fitina kama visiwa vitakuwa sehemu ya Ufini au ya Uswidi.
Shirikisho la Mataifa liliamua mwaka 1920 ya kuwa
Ufini ilitekeleza azimio hili kwa sheria mbalimbali. Hivyo Aland ni sehemu ya Ufini ambako lugha rasmi pekee si Kifini bali Kiswidi. Wafini kutoka bara hawaruhusiwi kununua ardhi au nyumba moja kwa moja kama hawajaishi visiwani kwa miaka kadhaa kwanza.
Papa Dionysius

Papa Dionysius alikuwa Papa kuanzia tarehe 22 Julai 259 hadi kifo chake tarehe 26 Desemba 269.
Alimfuata Papa Sisto II akafuatwa na Papa Felisi I.
Alifanya kazi kubwa ya kupanga upya Kanisa baada ya dhuluma ya kaizari Valerian iliyoacha Roma bila askofu kwa karibu mwaka mzima. Mtu aliyejaa maadili mema, alitumia uhuru uliopatikana upya chini ya kaisari Gallienus na kudumu miaka 40 , akifariji kwa barua zake na uwepo wake ndugu wenye huzuni, akikomboa wafungwa katika mateso yao na kuwafundisha misingi ya imani wasioijua .
Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na Wakatoliki na Waorthodoksi kama mtakatifu.
Sikukuu yake huadhimishwa tarehe 26 Desemba.
Kenya (1963–1964)

The Commonwealth realm of Kenya was a short-lived sovereign state between 12 December 1963 and 12 December 1964 whose head of state was Queen Elizabeth II. It was a predecessor to the Republic of Kenya.
When British Kenya became independent on 12 December 1963, Elizabeth II remained head of state as Queen of Kenya (and of the United Kingdom and many former colonies). The monarch's constitutional roles were mostly delegated to the Governor-General of Kenya, Malcolm John Macdonald.
Jomo Kenyatta held office as prime minister (and head of government). Elizabeth II had visited Kenya on 6 February 1952, before independence, and later visited the Republic of Kenya several times.
The Republic of Kenya came into existence on 12 December 1964, while remaining in the Commonwealth by common consent of other governments. Following the abolition of the monarchy, Jomo Kenyatta became the first President of the Republic of Kenya.
Cent (currency)

The cent is a monetary unit of many national currencies that equals a hundredth (1⁄100) of the basic monetary unit. The word derives from the Latin centum, 'hundred'.
The cent sign is commonly a simple minuscule (lower case) letter c. In North America, the c is crossed by a diagonal or vertical stroke (depending on typeface), yielding the character ¢.
The United States one cent coin is generally known by the nickname "penny", alluding to the British coin and unit of that name. Australia ended production of their 1c coin in 1990, New Zealand last produced their 1c coin in 1988, as did Canada in 2012. Some Eurozone countries ended production of the 1 euro cent coin, most recently Slovakia in 2022.
The cent may be represented by the cent sign, written in various ways according to the national convention and font choice. Most commonly seen forms are a minuscule letter c crossed by a diagonal stroke, a vertical line, a simple c, depending on the currency (see below). Cent amounts from 1 to 99 can be represented as one or two digits followed by the appropriate abbreviation (2¢, 5c, 75¢, 99c), or as a subdivision of the base unit ($0.75, €0.99). In some countries, longer abbreviations like "ct." are used. Languages that use other alphabets have their own abbreviations and conventions.
The cent symbol has largely fallen into disuse since the mid-20th century as inflation has resulted in very few things being priced in cents in any currency. It was included on US typewriter keyboards, but has not been adopted on computers.
The cent sign appeared as the shift of the 6 keys on American manual typewriters, but the freestanding circumflex on computer keyboards has taken over that position.
When written in English and Mexican Spanish, the cent sign (¢ or c) follows the amount (with no space between)—for example, 2¢ and $0.02, or 2c and €0.02. Conventions in other languages may vary.
Examples of currencies around the world featuring centesimal (1⁄100) units called cent, or related words from the same root such as céntimo, centésimo, centavo or sen, are:
Examples of currencies featuring centesimal (1⁄100) units not called cent
Examples of currencies which formerly featured centesimal (1⁄100) units but now have no fractional denomination in circulation:
Tanzanian shilling

The shilling (Swahili: shilingi; abbreviation: TSh; code: TZS) is the currency of Tanzania. It is subdivided into 100 cents (senti in Swahili). The Tanzanian shilling replaced the East African shilling on 14 June 1966 at par.
Prices in the Tanzanian shilling are written in the form of x/y, where x is the amount above 1 shilling, while y is the amount in cents. An equals sign or hyphen represents zero amount. For example, 50 cents is written as "-/50" and 100 shillings as "100/=" or "100/-". Sometimes the abbreviation TSh is prefixed for distinction. If the amount is written using words as well as numerals, only the prefix is used (e.g. TSh 10 million).
This pattern was modelled on sterling's pre-decimal notation, in which amounts were written in some combination of pounds (£), shillings (s), and pence (d, for denarius). In that notation, amounts under a pound were notated only in shillings and pence.
In 1966, coins were introduced in denominations of -/5, -/10, -/20 and -/50 and 1/=, with the -/5 struck in bronze, the -/10 in nickel-brass (copper-nickel-zinc) and the -/50 and 1/= in cupro-nickel. Cupro-nickel 5/= coins were introduced in 1972, followed by scalloped, nickel-brass -/10 in 1977. This First Series coins set, in circulation from 1966 up to 1984, was designed by Christopher Ironside OBE.
In 1987, nickel-plated steel replaced cupro-nickel in the -/50 and 1/=, and cupro-nickel 5/= and 10/= coins were introduced, with the 5/= decagonal in shape. In 1990, nickel-clad-steel 5/=, 10/= and 20/= were introduced, followed by brass-plated steel coins for 100/= in 1993, 50/= in 1996 and copper-nickel-zinc 200/= in 1998.
Coins currently in circulation are the 50/=, 100/=, 200/=, and 500/=. The 500/= coin was issued on 8 September 2014.
On 14 June 1966, the Benki Kuu Ya Tanzania (Bank of Tanzania) introduced notes for 5/=, 10/=, 20/= and 100/=. The 5/= note was replaced by a coin in 1972. 50/= notes were introduced in 1985, followed by 200/= in 1986, 500/= in 1989 and 1,000/= in 1990. The 10/=, 20/=, 50/= and 100/= notes were replaced by coins in 1987, 1990, 1996 and 1994, respectively. 5,000/= and 10,000/= notes were introduced in 1995, followed by 2,000/= in 2003. A new series of notes came out in 2011. These new notes include many security features that prevent counterfeiting.
Banknotes in circulation today are 500/=, 1,000/=, 2,000/=, 5,000/= and 10,000/=
Notes
Sources
Ngina Kenyatta

Ngina Kenyatta (née Muhoho; born 24 June 1933), popularly known as "Mama Ngina", is the former First Lady of Kenya. She is the widow of Kenya's first president, Jomo Kenyatta (~1889–1978), and mother of the fourth president Uhuru Kenyatta who served from 2013 to 2022.
Mama Ngina was born Ngina Muhoho to Chief Muhoho wa Gathecha and Anne Nyokabi Muhoho at Ngenda, Kiambu District, Central Province in 1933 . She married Jomo Kenyatta as his fourth wife in 1951, a union characterised as a "gift" to Kenyatta from his ethnic group, the Kikuyu. This became her reference as the "mother of the nation", becoming Mama Ngina Kenyatta, independent Kenya's glamorous First Lady when Kenyatta became president in 1964. She often accompanied him in public and had some streets in Nairobi and Mombasa, as well as a Children's Home, named after her. In 1965, she became patron of Kenyan Guiding.
In the 1970s, she and other high-level government officials were allegedly involved in an ivory-smuggling ring which transported tusks out of the country in the state private airliner. A May 1975 edition of New Scientist cited her as one of Kenya's "ivory queens" but also asserted they could not be completely certain that these claims were true. However, New Scientist claimed that there was now documentary proof that at least one member of Kenya's royal family had shipped over six tons of ivory to Red China.
Mama Ngina became a Roman Catholic, and was known to attend Mass every Sunday in the Catholic mission with some of their children. She also became one of the richest individuals in Kenya, owning plantations, ranches, and hotels.
In October 2021, the Pandora Papers revealed that she bequeathed part of her fortune in 2017. She and her son Uhuru were unmasked as Client 13173 by the Pandora Papers. The report stated that the Kenyatta family had offshore investments including a company with assets worth at least $30 million.
Jomo Kenyatta married four wives, Wahu Kenyatta, Edna Clarke, Grace Wanjiku, and Ngina Kenyatta. With Wahu, Kenyatta had Peter Muigai Kenyatta (1920-1979) and Margaret Rose Wambui (1928–2017). Edna's only child was Peter Magan Kenyatta. Grace passed away giving birth to her only child, Jane "Jeni" Gecaga (1950–).
Ngina's children include Kristina Wambui Pratt (1952–), Uhuru Kenyatta, Anna Nyokabi Muthama, and Muhoho Kenyatta. Uhuru Kenyatta unsuccessfully ran for president as President Moi's preferred successor in 2002 and became Kenya's fourth President. Muhoho Kenyatta runs the family's vast business but lives out of the public limelight. During Jomo Kenyatta's exile at Lodwar and Maralal, Ngina stayed with him, as did their daughters, Jane and Wamboi. Mama Ngina is step-mother to Kenyatta's other three children, two by his first wife and one by the second.
Monsignor George Muhoho, Roman Catholic chaplain at the University of Nairobi, is one of her brothers.
Absa Bank Kenya

Absa Bank Kenya Plc, formerly Barclays Bank Kenya Limited, is a commercial bank in Kenya and a subsidiary of South Africa-based Absa Group Limited. It is licensed by the Central Bank of Kenya, the central bank and national banking regulator.
The headquarters and main branch of the bank are located at Absa Westend Building, off Waiyaki Way, in Nairobi, Kenya's capital and largest city.
As of December 2019, the bank is a large financial services institution in Kenya, with an asset base in excess of KSh:374.109 billion (US$3.561 billion), with shareholders' equity of KSh:44.079 billion (US$419.654 million).
As of March 2014, Barclays Bank of Kenya was the fifth-largest commercial bank in Kenya, by assets, behind KCB Group, Equity Group Holdings Limited, Cooperative Bank and Standard Chartered Kenya.
The bank's history traces from 1916 when the National Bank of South Africa (now First National Bank) opened a branch. In 1925, National Bank of South Africa was merged with the Anglo-Egyptian Bank and the Colonial Bank in 1925 to form Barclays Bank (Dominion, Colonial and Overseas). This brought the Kenyan operations under Barclays Bank.
The bank was licensed in its present form in 1953 and in 1978 it was incorporated locally as Barclays Bank of Kenya, a wholly owned subsidiary of Barclays Bank International. The bank listed its shares on the Nairobi Stock Exchange in 1986 through a successful IPO. These shares trade under the symbol: BARC.
Before 2013, The bank is a subsidiary of Barclays Bank Plc. (through Barclays Africa), an International financial services conglomerate, whose shares of stock are listed on the London Stock Exchange under the symbol: BARC and on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol: BCS. In 2013, Barclays Plc adopted the combined strategy to operate as “One Bank in Africa” with an aim of increasing efficiency and boosting returns from the African Units. This led to the merging of all Barclays Plc. businesses in Africa (other than Egypt and Zimbabwe units) through Absa Group Limited, leading to the formation of Barclays Africa Group. The stock of Barclays Africa Group, which owns 68.5% of Barclays Bank of Kenya, is listed on the JSE.
As of 31 December 2020, the major shareholders in the stock of the bank were as illustrated in the table below:
As of December 2020, the bank maintains a network of 85 branches and 208 ATMs in various locations across Kenya.
The chairman of the ten-person board of directors of Absa Bank Kenya is Charles Muchene, one of the non-executive directors. Jeremy Awori serves as the managing director of the bank.
Following the issuance of the requisite regulatory approvals, Barclays Bank of Kenya re-branded to Absa Bank Kenya, on 10 February 2020.
Governor of the Central Bank of Kenya

The Governor of the Central Bank of Kenya is the chief executive officer of the Central Bank of Kenya. The Governor also serves as a member of the board of directors of the central bank.
The current governor is Dr. Kamau Thugge, who was nominated by president William Ruto on the 15th of May 2023 after a competitive recruitment process carried out by the public service commission. His tenure began on the 19th of June 2023 after vetting by the parliamentary committee on Finance, Trade and Planning and subsequent approval by the parliament of Kenya. He succeeded Dr. Patrick Njoroge, who retired after two terms in the office.
The following individuals have served as governor since the institution was founded in 1966.
State visit by Charles III to Kenya

King Charles III of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and his wife Queen Camilla made a state visit to Kenya from 31 October to 3 November 2023, hosted by the President of Kenya William Ruto and his wife, Rachel. The visit marked Charles's first visit to a Commonwealth country since becoming head of the Commonwealth.
Kenya, a former British colony, marked the 60th anniversary of its independence in 2023. Charles's mother, Queen Elizabeth II, was in Kenya at the time of her accession in 1952 following the death of her father King George VI. Charles's visit occurred amidst calls for an official apology over Britain's colonial past.
The visit was preceded by a reception hosted by King Charles III and Queen Camilla at Buckingham Palace on October 24 to mark the 60th anniversary of Kenya's independence from the United Kingdom.
Charles and Camilla arrived in Nairobi on the night of 30 October.
Charles and Camilla were greeted upon arrival at the State House, the official residence of the President, by President Ruto and the First Lady. The King then went to Uhuru Gardens National Monument and Museum and laid a wreath
In the evening, the Rutos hosted King Charles and Queen Camilla for a state banquet. In his speech, the King referred to Britain's colonial actions as "abhorrent and unjustifiable acts of violence" and as a "cause of the greatest sorrow and the deepest regret", but he did not formally apologize.
Charles and Camilla walked through the Tunnel of Martyrs, which included visuals of those who had died in Kenya's struggle for independence. They also met with Kenyan veterans who had fought for the British in World War II. King Charles also held a meeting with the family of Dedan Kimathi, a rebel leader who was hanged by the colonial British authorities.
The King visited Mombasa on the penultimate day of the state visit. Joined by Queen Camilla, Charles observed a drill by the Kenyan Marines, meeting with marines and their families thereafter. The King and Queen attended a military ceremony with President Ruto at Mtwonge Naval Base, where Charles also reviewed an honour guard. The King also visited a turtle conservation site and a coral restoration project.
On the final date of the state visit, King Charles met with religious leaders and toured Mahdhry Mosque. Queen Camilla met with survivors of gender-based and sexual violence. Later in the day, Charles and Camilla visited Fort Jesus and met with local artists. The King and Queen also observed a ceremonial dance by a costal Mijikenda community, and were photographed on a tuktuk. They were seen off by President Ruto as they departed Moi International Airport at the end of the visit.
Deputy President of Kenya

The deputy president of the Republic of Kenya (Swahili: Naibu Rais wa Jamhuri ya Kenya) is the principal assistant to the President of the Republic of Kenya. The current appointed deputy president of Kenya is Kithure Kindiki. He has been serving in this position since 1 November 2024.
Prior to the 2010 Constitution of Kenya, the deputy president was known as the vice president, and the president had the power to appoint and dismiss the vice president at will.
In order to remove the repeated abuse of this privilege, the new Constitution promulgated in 2010 mandated that the person nominated as the running mate of a candidate for the presidency during the elections becomes the deputy president-elect upon their candidate being declared the winner of the presidential elections. In addition to this change in appointing responsibility, unlike in the previous Constitution where the vice president usually held a secondary role of being a Cabinet Minister, the new Constitution mandates that the deputy president is not permitted to hold any other state or public office and shall only perform the duties assigned to the office by the Constitution and by the president.
Since the country's independence, there has been one vacancy in the office, from 8 January 1998 until 3 April 1999. Three of Kenya's Vice/Deputy Presidents, Mwai Kibaki, Daniel arap Moi and William Ruto have gone on to serve as president, with the latter currently serving as the incumbent president since 13 September 2022. Prior to this, he served as acting president for a few days after president Uhuru Kenyatta temporarily transferred his powers and office to appear before the International Criminal Court.
The 2010 Constitution states that for a person to become the Deputy President, the person must be nominated as the running mate of a candidate in the presidential elections and the person must themselves qualify to be nominated as a candidate for election as president.
Upon a person being nominated as a running mate and their candidate wins the elections, the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission then declares that the candidate is the President-elect, and the running mate is subsequently the Deputy President-elect.
The Deputy President-elect takes office on the same day as the President-elect and serves from the date sworn in until:
The following is a summary of the responsibilities of the Deputy President as provided in the Constitution:
Died in office
Jamhuri Day

Jamhuri Day (Republic Day) is a national holiday in Kenya, celebrated on 12 December each year. Jamhuri is the Swahili word for "republic" and the holiday officially marks the date when Kenya became an independent country on 12 December 1963, six months and eleven days after gaining internal self-rule on 1 June 1963 (Madaraka Day) from the United Kingdom.
Kenya later became a republic, with the inauguration of Jomo Kenyatta as president taking place on 12 December 1964, exactly one year after Kenya attained independence in 1963. Kenyatta, having previously been sworn in as prime minister, continued as prime minister of newly independent Kenya, before assuming the position of president one year after Independence Day.
The Trooping of the Colour of the Kenya Defence Forces takes place every Jamhuri Day. The ceremony begins at 11:30 after the President of Kenya, takes the national salute, and inspects the parade. The band plays a slow march followed with a quick march the lone drummer then breaks away to take his position beside number one guard to play the drummers call, signaling the officers of No.1 Guard to take positions to receive the colour. The escort for the colour then marches off to collect the colour as the massed KDF band plays the chosen Kenyan tune. After the hand over and as the Escort presents arms the first verse of the Kenya national anthem is played, then the escort to the colour marches off in a slow march to the tune of the British grenadier guards. The first tune normally played during the march is always 'By land and sea'. The parade concludes by marching to the tune of 'Kenya Daima' as the tri-service parade exits.
Jamhuri Day is occasionally also used by the military to grant infantry battalions their formal Presidential and Regimental Colours. The honoured unit upon being conferred the colours proceeds with the Trooping of the Colour. In such a ceremony the President as Commander-in-Chief is formally dressed in ceremonial Kenya Army red tunic dress and once the flags are consecrated by an Anglican Bishop, Catholic Bishop and Muslim Kadhi the President formally hands the colours to two flagbearers who receive them when down on one knee.
During Jamhuri day various Orders, decorations, and medals of Kenya are awarded by the President to Kenyans in recognition of their distinguished service to the country. A National Honours and Awards Committee advises the President as to the eligible recipients who are derived from a list of nominees. Individuals are nominated to the Committee by government ministries, district committees, the Kenya Defence Forces, national police service, religious organisations, non-governmental organisations, individuals and others. Some of the recipients largely members of the military, uniformed services who have exhibited exceptional heroism and athletes who have distinguished themselves are publicly awarded their orders, decorations and medals before the country during national celebrations, whereas the rest are awarded during the State Luncheon or have their names published in the Kenya Gazette.
Madaraka Day

Madaraka Day ("Internal self rule" or Self-Governance Day) is a national holiday that is celebrated every 1 June in every year in the Republic of Kenya. It commemorates the day in 1963 that Kenya attained internal self rule after being a British colony since 1920. Kenya only attained partial independence on this day in 1961 and did not become a fully established republic until about three and a half years later, on 12 December 1964. In recognition of that, Kenya also celebrates Jamhuri Day (Republic Day) on 12 December every year.
Madaraka is a Swahili word for "authority," "the assignment of authority".
List of countries by date of transition to a republican system of government

This is a list of countries by date of their last transition from a monarchy to a republican form of government. There were two periods in recent history when many such transitions took place:
Some of the countries on this list were part of larger, now extinct, states (such as the Russian Empire or Yugoslavia) when the transition to a republic took place. Countries that have always had non-republican forms of government (such as absolute monarchy, theocracy, etc.) are not included in this list. Some were also independent states that shared their head of state with other countries (such as Denmark or the United Kingdom) before abolishing the link with the shared monarchy. Countries marked in yellow have since ceased to be republics in favour of another form of government.
रिलायंस अनिल धीरूभाई अंबानी समूह

रिलायंस अनिल धीरूभाई अम्बानी समूह कई कम्पनियों वाला एक औद्योगिक घराना या समूह है। अनिल अंबानी इसके मालिक हैं। मुकेश अंबानी एवं अनिल अम्बाणी के आपसी झगड़े के कारण रिलायंस इण्डस्ट्रीज के विभाजन हुआ और यह समूह अस्तित्व में आया। इसके लगभग ८० लाख शेयर धारक हैं जिससे यह विश्व का सबसे अधिक अंशधारकों वाला समूह बन गया है।
इस समूह के अन्तर्गत निम्नलिखित कम्पनियाँ हैं:
रिलायंस डिजिटल

रिलायंस डिजिटल, रिलायंस रिटेल की उपभोक्ता स्थिर तथा सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी की अवधारणा है | यह रिलायंस रिटेल की सहायक कंपनी है, जो रिलायंस इंडस्ट्रीज की पूर्ण स्वामित्व वाली सहायक कंपनी है |
रिलायंस डिजिटल भारत में एक उपभोक्ता इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स कंपनी है | पहला रिलायंस डिजिटल स्टोर 24 अप्रैल 2007 को दिल्ली में खोला गया था । वर्तमान में भारत में लगभग 600 शहरों में लगभग 2,000 स्टोर हैं ।
ये स्टोर मुंबई, अहमदाबाद, दिल्ली, कोलकाता, हावड़ा, दुर्गापुर, बैंगलोर, मैसूर, कोच्चि, चेन्नई, हैदराबाद में फैले हुए हैं।
आईपीसीएल स्पोर्ट्स कॉम्प्लेक्स ग्राउंड

रिलायंस स्टेडियम या इंडियन पेट्रोकेमिकल्स कॉर्पोरेशन लिमिटेड स्पोर्ट्स कॉम्प्लेक्स ग्राउंड जिसे आईपीसीएल ग्राउंड भी कहा जाता है, वडोदरा, गुजरात में स्थित है।
स्टेडियम का स्वामित्व रिलायंस इंडस्ट्रीज के पास है और इसे रिलायंस स्टेडियम के नाम से भी जाना जाता है। स्टेडियम भारत की घरेलू टीमों में से एक, बड़ौदा क्रिकेट टीम का घरेलू मैदान है।
स्टेडियम ने 1994 के बाद से 10 एकदिवसीय मैचों की मेजबानी की, 2010 में अंतिम एक (भारत न्यूजीलैंड श्रृंखला दिसंबर 2010 का हिस्सा), लेकिन अभी तक एक टेस्ट मैच का मंचन नहीं किया है।
रिलायंस रिटेल

रिलायंस रिटेल (अंग्रेज़ी:Reliance Retail) एक भारतीय रिटेल कंपनी और रिलायंस इंडस्ट्रीज की सहायक कंपनी है। 2006 में स्थापित, यह राजस्व के मामले में भारत का सबसे बड़ा खुदरा विक्रेता है। इसके खुदरा आउटलेट खाद्य पदार्थ, किराने का सामान, परिधान, जूते, खिलौने, गृह सुधार उत्पाद, इलेक्ट्रॉनिक सामान और कृषि उपकरण और इनपुट प्रदान करते हैं। फिजिकल आउटलेट्स के अलावा, कंपनी अपने ई-कॉमर्स चैनलों पर भी उत्पाद बेचती है। इसके 16,700 स्टोर स्थानों पर 280,000 कर्मचारी हैं। 2022 में, रिलायंस रिटेल का राजस्व ₹2.6 लाख करोड़ (US$33 बिलियन) था।
रिलायंस रिटेल का उद्देश्य भारत में सबसे भरोसेमंद और पसंदीदा ओमनी-चैनल रिटेलर बनना है। कंपनी का लक्ष्य सुविधाजनक और निर्बाध खरीदारी अनुभव के माध्यम से प्रतिस्पर्धी कीमतों पर उत्पादों और सेवाओं की एक विस्तृत श्रृंखला की पेशकश करके इसे हासिल करना है। रिलायंस रिटेल रोजगार पैदा करके और आर्थिक विकास को बढ़ावा देकर अपने हितधारकों के लिए मूल्य बनाना भी चाहता है।
==सुविधा:== कंपनी का लक्ष्य भौतिक स्टोर, ऑनलाइन चैनल और मोबाइल ऐप सहित कई चैनलों के माध्यम से उत्पादों और सेवाओं की एक विस्तृत श्रृंखला प्रदान करके अपने ग्राहकों के लिए खरीदारी को यथासंभव सुविधाजनक बनाना है।
==मूल्य:== रिलायंस रिटेल प्रतिस्पर्धी कीमतों पर उत्पादों और सेवाओं की एक विस्तृत श्रृंखला प्रदान करता है। कंपनी विभिन्न प्रकार की मूल्यवर्धित सेवाएँ भी प्रदान करती है, जैसे लॉयल्टी कार्यक्रम, होम डिलीवरी और आसान रिटर्न। इनोवेशन: रिलायंस रिटेल अपने खरीदारी अनुभव को बेहतर बनाने के लिए लगातार इनोवेशन कर रहा है। कंपनी ने हाल के वर्षों में कई नई पहल शुरू की हैं, जैसे कि इसका JioMart ऑनलाइन किराना प्लेटफॉर्म और इसकी स्मार्ट स्टोर अवधारणा।
रिलायंस रिटेल बेहद मुनाफे वाली कंपनी है। वित्तीय वर्ष 2022-23 में, कंपनी ने 2.6 लाख करोड़ रुपये (US$33 बिलियन) का राजस्व और 4,800 करोड़ रुपये (US$620 मिलियन) का शुद्ध लाभ दर्ज किया।
रिलायंस रिटेल की योजना आने वाले वर्षों में अपना कारोबार बढ़ाने की है। कंपनी भौतिक स्टोर और ऑनलाइन चैनल दोनों के संदर्भ में अपने खुदरा पदचिह्न का विस्तार करने की योजना बना रही है। रिलायंस रिटेल अपने ग्राहकों की जरूरतों को पूरा करने के लिए नए ब्रांड और सेवाएं लॉन्च करने की भी योजना बना रहा है। अप्रैल 2023 में, रिलायंस रिटेल कर्ज में डूबे फ्यूचर रिटेल के लिए 49 बोलीदाताओं में से एक थी।
कुल मिलाकर, रिलायंस रिटेल एक अच्छी तरह से प्रबंधित और लाभदायक कंपनी है जिसका विकास का मजबूत ट्रैक रिकॉर्ड है। कंपनी आने वाले वर्षों में विकास जारी रखने के लिए अच्छी स्थिति में है, क्योंकि भारतीय खुदरा बाजार का विस्तार जारी है।
रिलायंस रिटेल भारत और विदेशों में अपनी उपस्थिति बढ़ाने की योजना बना रही है। कंपनी ई-कॉमर्स और वित्तीय सेवाओं जैसे नए व्यवसायों में भी प्रवेश करना चाहती है।