davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Basque Cultural Heritage

Basque Cultural Heritage (Basque: Euskal Kultura Ondasuna, Spanish: Patrimonio Cultural Vasco) is a designation granted by the Basque Government to movable properties, immovable properties and intangible heritage of the Basque Country, Spain. The current law governing the designation was enacted in 2019, superseding the first one from 1990.
The first law, enacted in 1990, distinguished three categories of cultural heritage:
The law offered two degrees of protection: qualified (Spanish: calificado, Basque: zermugatua, kalifikatua, sailkatua) and listed (Spanish: inventariado, Basque: zerrendatutakoa, inbentariatua). While the Basque Government designated the sites, it was the governments of the Basque provinces that preserved and managed the sites.
In August 2018, the Basque Government put forward a bill to update its regulations about cultural heritage. It would increase the number of heritage categories from three to thirteen, as well as toughen penalties for violators. The law was enacted in 2019, with near-unanimous support in the Basque Parliament. It was the third regional law in Spain to contemplate the protection of intangible heritage, after the ones of Navarre and Andalusia. The enacted law distinguishes nineteen categories of cultural heritage, arranged in three broad groups:
The 2019 law offers three degrees of protection: basic, medium and special. All sites with medium or special protection are included in the Register of Basque Cultural Heritage of the Basque Autonomous Community, created in 2022. The first practice to be designated as intangible heritage was bertsolaritza in 2024.
Public holidays in Spain

Public holidays celebrated in Spain include a mix of religious (Roman Catholic), national and regional observances. Each municipality is allowed to have a maximum of 14 public holidays per year; a maximum of nine of these are chosen by the national government and at least two are chosen locally, including patronal festivals.
If one of the "national holidays" happens to fall on a Sunday the regional governments — the autonomous communities of Spain — can choose an alternate holiday or they can allow local authorities to choose. In practice, except for holidays falling on a Sunday, the regional governments can choose up to three holidays per year; or they can choose fewer to allow for more options at the local level.
Since 2010, Ceuta and Melilla, both autonomous cities of Spain, have declared the Muslim holiday of Eid al-Adha or Feast of the Sacrifice, as an official public holiday. It was the first time a non-Christian religious festival has been officially celebrated in Spain since the Reconquista.
When a holiday falls on a Tuesday or Thursday. some workers take a day off (the Monday or the Friday) to make a four-day long weekend known as a puente ("bridge").
The following table lists the holidays for the year 2023:
2014 Nobel Peace Prize

The 2014 Nobel Peace Prize was shared, in two equal parts, between Kailash Satyarthi (b. 1954) and Malala Yousafzai (b. 1997) "for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education". Satyarthi is from India, the seventh person from his country to win a Nobel Prize and the second to win the Peace Prize after Mother Teresa, while Yousafzai is a Muslim from Pakistan, the second Nobel Prize winner from her country after Abdus Salam, the forty-seventh woman to win the Nobel Prize, and at the age of 17 years, the youngest winner of a Nobel Prize in any field.
In a press release, the Committee indicated that it had chosen the combination of a Hindu and a Muslim, and of an Indian and a Pakistani, on purpose, because they "join in a common struggle for education and against extremism". They stressed that "fraternity between nations" was one of the original criteria stipulated by Alfred Nobel.
The usage of child labour and discrimination against female education was the citation for the award. As of 2014 it is reckoned 168 million children are used for child labour, 60 million in India alone. This was mentioned by Thorbjørn Jagland in his handover ceremony speech.
The Nobel Prize Committee announced that it had received a record number of 278 different nominations for the Peace Prize, up from 259 in 2013. 47 of these nominations were for organizations.
Prior to the announcement, many news media speculated about who would win this year, providing lists of favourites. Often cited were Pope Francis, Ban Ki-moon, Chelsea Manning, Denis Mukwege, Edward Snowden, José Mujica, the Novaya Gazeta newspaper, and the so-called Japanese people who conserve Article 9, together with the eventual winner Malala Yousafzai. The other winner, Kailash Satyarthi, was not among the commonly cited favourites.
K. S. Venkataramani

Kaveripatnam Siddhanatha Venkataramani (1891-1952) was an Indian lawyer and a writer in English. He wrote mainly on South Indian rural life and the Indian independence movement. His works Murugan the Tiller (1927) and Kandan The Patriot (1932) had received considerable appreciation and Venkataramani was the subject of a biography by N. S. Ramaswami. Venkataramani was met by Paul Brunton during his travels in India and this incident finds mention in his book A Search in Secret India.
Venkataramani was born in 1891 in Kaveripattinam in Tanjore district. His father Siddhanatha Iyer was a well-to-do landlord in Tanjore district and his ancestors had served as ministers in the court of the Tanjore Maratha kings.
Venkataramani had his schooling at the National High School, Mayavaram and graduated from the Madras Christian College. He studied law at the Presidency College, Madras and settled down in the suburb of Mylapore where he built a profession as a lawyer.
In his early career, Venkataramani apprenticed under the legal giant Sir C. P. Ramaswami Iyer. Throughout his life, Venkataramani campaigned for rural upliftment and wrote many monologues on the subject.
Venkataramani had a penchant for writing from an early period in his life. At the age of 16, he gave an eloquent speech protesting the Partition of Bengal and the same was published in the magazine The Indian Patriot. During his stint at the Madras Christian College, Venkataramani published a series of sketches on village life which were later published in the form of an anthology Jatadharan and Other Stories.
Venkataramani met Rabindranath Tagore in 1928. Tagore inspired Venkataramani to start a magazine in Tamil and Venkataramani began a Tamil weekly titled Tamil Ulagu.
Venkataramani's first book was Paper Boats (1921). His first novel was Murugan the Tiller (1927). His work Kandan the Patriot was serialized in Swarajya magazine in 1931 and published as a book in 1932. In his works, Venkataramani glorified the "eddy-eyed Cauvery".
Some of his works were
Little is known of Venkataramani's personal life or whether he married. Venkataramani contacted tuberculosis in Alwar State while working as Rural Development Advisor to the princely state and was subsequently in poor health throughout the remainder of his life. Venkataramani succumbed to the disease in March 1952 at the age of 61.
List of Indian states by life expectancy at birth

Data about life expectancy according to alternative survey "National Family Health Survey" (NFHS). These table allow to estimate influence of the COVID-19 pandemic to various Indian territories.
Data source: NFHS via Yadav et al.
These are data of Indian national demographic survey "Sample Registration System" (SRS). Tables below contains only data for biggest states and union territories. Record "India on average" contains averaged data for all states and union territories.
Data source: RCCGI
Data source: RCCGI
Data source: Global Data Lab
This is a list of Indian states by life expectancy at birth. The figures come from the Human Development Index Report, published in 2011, by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) India and Sample Registration Survey (SRS) based life table 2010–14.
The report provides life expectancy at birth based on mortality rates in years 2002–06, 2010–14, 2019, and 2019-21.
Data about life expectancy according to a 2024 study by Yadav et al. which estimates district and state-wise life expectancy model-based (Bayesian hierarchical model) using NFHS-5 data on infant mortality rate and life tables showing age-specific mortality rates.
Data source: Yadav et al.
Indian Council of Agricultural Research

The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is an autonomous body responsible for co-ordinating agricultural education and research in India. It reports to the Department of Agricultural Research and Education, Ministry of Agriculture. The Union Minister of Agriculture serves as its president. It is the largest network of agricultural research and education institutes in the world.
The committee to Advise on Renovation and Rejuvenation of Higher Education (Yashpal Committee, 2009) has recommended setting up of a constitutional body – the National Commission for Higher Education and Research – which would be a unified supreme body to regulate all branches of higher education including agricultural education. Presently, regulation of agricultural education is the mandate of ICAR, Veterinary Council of India (Veterinary sub-discipline) and Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (Forestry sub-discipline). A number of natural resource management institutes of India also come under the ICAR.
ICAR provides accreditation to agriculture universities, colleges and programmes, through its accreditation unit, National Agricultural Education Accreditation Board (NAEAB). The board was established in 1996 and given its current name in 2017. The accreditation serves only as a badge of quality assurance. It is not mandatory, is not a form of affiliation or recognition and does not give approval to open an institute or a program. As of 1 April 2021, NAEAB lists only 39 accredited institutes. Henceforth the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University was the first State University to get accredited by ICAR.
While ICAR accreditation is voluntary, since 2016–17 it is linked with the release of grants for education quality assurance for State Agricultural Universities. It is also used by some institutes as an affiliation or admission requirements. In September 2021, Goa University has reinstated affiliation to a college, after previously cancelling the affiliation because the college was not accredited by NAEAB. In 2022, students were not accepted to master's degree at Rajiv Gandhi University because their B.Sc. in agriculture degree was from an unaccredited private university.
As of January 2020, ICAR has following institutions:
Indian Council of Agricultural Research's headquarters is in New Delhi.
All India Entrance Exam for Agriculture (CUET) conducted by National Testing Agency (NTA) is an entrance exam for admission into the agricultural universities recognized by ICAR.
The Agricultural Scientists Recruitment Board (ASRB) conducts all India competitive examination Agricultural Research Service (ARS), to recruit posts in the ARS of Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
ICAR presents the following awards:
Gandhigram Rural Institute

The Gandhigram Rural Institute (GRI) is a centrally-funded deemed university in Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India.
GRI was founded by G. Ramachandran and his wife T.S. Soundaram, in 1956. It adopted the education model of Mahatma Gandhi, Nai Talim. In 1976, it was declared a Deemed University by the University Grants Commission (UGC) under Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956. It is fully funded by the UGC.
In 2006, it was renamed Gandhigram Rural Institute as per the guidelines of UGC.
The institute has developed into a major educational complex, comprising seven faculties, offering more than 50 programmes. It awards doctoral, master's and bachelor's degrees, diplomas, and certificates through its seven academic faculties: rural development, rural economics and extension education, rural-oriented sciences, cooperation, development administration, rural sociology, and English, Tamil and Indian languages.
It has 3000 students, 150 teaching and 250 non-teaching staff.
The institute was accredited with a five-star status by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) in 2002, and with an A grade during re-accreditation in 2010 and 2016.
The Gandhigram Rural Institute has a campus of nearly 200 acres (0.81 km) in a rural setting, nestling in one of the enclaves of the Sirumalai range. To its west are chains of mountains including the Kodaikanal Hill Station. Lying north of Madurai, Gandhigram is easily accessible by rail and road. The climate is hot throughout the year.
The nearest railway station is Ambathurai, the nearest major railway junction is Dindigul and the nearest major city is Madurai. The nearest airport is Madurai Airport.
Gandhigram Rural Institute was ranked 91 among universities in India by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) in 2020, rank 101–150 in 2021 and rank 151-200 in 2022.
10°16′46″N 77°56′00″E﻿ / ﻿10.27958°N 77.933412°E﻿ / 10.27958; 77.933412
Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

The secretary of state for environment, food and rural affairs, also referred to as the environment secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with overall responsibility for the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.
The office holder works alongside the other Defra ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for environment, food and rural affairs.
The secretary of state has two main responsibilities at the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, to:
List of acts of the Parliament of India

This is a chronological and complete list of acts passed before 1861, by the Imperial Legislative Council between 1861 and 1947, the Constituent Assembly of India between 1947 and 1949, the Provisional Parliament between 1949 and 1952, and the Parliament of India since 1952. Apart from Finance Act, there are 890 Acts which are still in force as on 18.03.2025, majority of which have been amended from time to time. This list of Central acts which are in force is taken from the website of Ministry of Law and Justice.
Detailed Acts
Verchères

Verchères (French pronunciation: [vɛʁʃɛʁ]) is an off-island suburb of Montreal, in Montérégie, Quebec, located on the south bank of the Saint Lawrence River. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 5,759.
In the 17th century, the settlement at Verchères was the scene of an Iroquois raid that was apparently thwarted by the ingenuity of a 14-year-old girl named Madeleine (now known as Madeleine de Verchères). A cast-iron statue of Madeleine de Verchères stands today by the former location of the settlement stronghold on the shore of the Saint-Lawrence river.
In French, the word Verchères can be used as an adjective to describe a specific type of rowboat invented in Verchères at the end of the 19th century, i.e. chaloupe verchères. A specimen of the rowboat is on permanent outdoor display during the summer and fall at the Parc Jean-Marie Moreau across from the town office.
The motto of Verchères is In Tenebris Lumen Rectis Corde. The streets of Verchères are mostly named after the patronyms of residing families but also after local people who rose to celebrity in Canadian history.
Verchères is located about 40 km east of Montréal. The municipality is traversed by Road 132, an important road that runs along the St. Lawrence River and connects several municipalities along the south shore. The river plays a significant role in the economy of Verchères, offering picturesque views and opportunities for recreational activities.
The terrain is relatively flat, typical of the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence Lowlands, with some gentle elevations and wooded areas. The landscape of Verchères is typically rural, with farmland, natural areas and residential zones.
Media related to Verchères at Wikimedia Commons
Liv-Kjersti Bergman

Liv-Kjersti Bergman (født Eikeland 20. mars 1979 i Bergen) er en norsk tidligere skiskytter.
Hun debuterte i verdenscupen i 1999 i Oberhof. Hennes beste plassering er en andreplass på 15 km i Östersund i desember 2006.
Hun deltok i VM 2005 i Hochfilzen. Der oppnådde hun en 16.-plass på 15 km, og var med på det norske stafettlaget, som endte på femteplass.
7. august 2010 giftet hun seg med den svenske skiskytteren Carl Johan Bergman.
Selina Grotian

Selina Grotian (født 25. mars 2004) er en tysk skiskytter. Hun debuterte i verdenscupen i skiskyting 18. mars 2023 i Holmenkollen i sesongen 2022/23.
Hun ble juniorverdensmester på jaktstart i 2022, og hun vant fire gull i junior-VM i skiskyting 2023. Hun ble europamester på jaktstart i EM i skiskyting 2023 i Lenzerheide i Sveits.
Grotian deltok på Tysklands lag som tok bronse på stafetten i VM i skiskyting 2024 i Nové Město na Moravě i Tsjekkia.
Resultater hentet fra IBU.
Nicole Gontier

Nicole Gontier (født 17. november 1991 i Aosta) er en italiensk skiskytter. Hun vant bronse på 4x6 km stafett under VM i skiskyting 2013.
Hun representerte Italia under Vinter-OL 2014 der hun bl.a. ble nr. 6 på stafetten og nr. 45 på normaldistansen.
Carl Johan Bergman

Carl Johan Bergman (født 14. mars 1978 i Ekshärad) er en svensk skiskytter.
Han debuterte i verdenscupen i sesongen 2000/2001. Den første seieren i et enkeltrenn kom på sprinten i finske Kontiolax 16. mars 2006, der han gikk til topps foran Tomasz Sikora og Sven Fischer.
Under OL 2006 i Torino gikk han sisteetappen for det svenske stafettlaget. Han var innblandet i en sluttspurt om tredjeplassen med franske Vincent Defrasne, men måtte gi tapt på de aller siste metrene.
Han gikk siste etappe på Sveriges lag som vant gull på mixed stafetten i VM i 2007 i Antholz, de andre på laget var Helena Jonsson, Anna Carin Olofsson og Björn Ferry.
7. august 2010 giftet han seg med den norske skiskytteren Liv-Kjersti Eikeland.
Jevgenij Ustjugov

Jevgenij Romanovitsj Ustjugov (russisk: Евгений Романович Устюгов; født 4. juni 1985 i Krasnojarsk) er en russisk tidligere skiskytter. Ustjugov ble olympisk mester under Vinter-OL 2010 i Vancouver da han vant fellsstarten. Han var også med på Russlands lag som ble olympisk mester på stafett under Vinter-OL 2014 i Sotsji.
Ustjugov deltok under Junior-VM i Kontiolax 2005, og han hadde en 12.-plass på normaldistansen som beste resultat. Under Junior-VM året etter imponerte han ved å ta to individuelle gullmedaljer og en sølvmedalje i stafett. Under Europamesterskapet i Presque Isle samme år var han med på det russiske laget som tok gull på stafetten. Etter dette fikk han prøve seg i europacupen, og i sitt andre renn ble han nummer to. I tiden fremover oppnådde han ikke tilsvarende plasseringer så ofte, men på normaldistansen i Obertilliach tok han en andreplass igjen. Ustjugov tok sin første europacupseier på sprinten i Martell-Val Martello i sesongen 2008/09.
Senere samme sesong debuterte han i verdenscupen, og han ble nummer 28 i sitt første renn, sprinten i Ruhpolding. Ustjugov tok en åttendeplass på sprinten i den påfølgende verdenscuprunden i Antholz. Under VM i Pyeongchang var han med på det russiske laget som tok sjetteplass på stafetten, men hans beste individuelle resultat ble en 20.-plass på jaktstarten. Bedre gikk det i Europamesterskapet i Ufa, hvor tok han sølv på sprinten. På jaktstarten i Khanty-Mansijsk forbedret han sin personlige bestenotering i verdenscupen til en sjuendeplass, og han ble nummer 33 i verdenscupen sammenlagt.
Ustjugov avsluttet sin karriere som skiskytter etter 2013/14-sesongen.
I februar 2020 ble Ustjugov diskvalifisert av IBU fra alle resultater i 2013/2014-sesongen. Avdelingen for antidoping i den internasjonale voldgiftsretten for sport kunngjorde i oktober 2020 at den diskvalifiserte Ustjugov fra alle konkurranser fra januar 2010 til ut sesongen 2013/14, inkludert OL i Vancouver i 2010 og Sotsji i 2014. Saken ble anket, og CAS varslet at ankebehandlingen vil finne sted i 2022.
Svetlana Sleptsova

Svetlana Jurjevna Sleptsova (russisk Светлана Юрьевна Слепцова, født 31. juli 1986 i Khanty-Mansijsk) er en russisk tidligere skiskytter. Hun var med på det russiske laget som ble verdensmester på stafett i VM i skiskyting 2009 i Pyeongchang. Sleptsova ble olympisk mester da hun deltok på Russlands lag som vant stafetten i Vinter-OL 2010 i Vancouver.
Hun har flere meritter fra junior-VM. Under junior-VM 2005 vant hun normaldistansen, og to år senere tok hun gull på både sprinten og jaktstarten. Sleptsova deltok første gang i verdenscupen sesongen 2006/07. Under VM i skiskyting 2008 i Östersund tok hun bronse på Mixed-stafetten sammen med Oksana Neupokojeva, Dmitrij Jarosjenko og Nikolaj Kruglov. Hennes første pallplasseringer i verdenscupen var andreplassene på sprintdistansen i Oberhof og i Ruhpolding i januar 2008. I tillegg tok hun to verdenscupseire på sprinten og jaktstarten i Holmenkollen. Hennes tredje seier kom på en sprint i Hochfilzen sesongen 2008/09. Hun har totalt fem individuelle verdenscupseire og kom på 8.-plass i verdenscupen sammenlagt sesongen 2007/08.
I februar 2020 ble hun funnet skyldig i brudd på dopingreglementet. Sleptsova ble utestengt i to år og alle hennes resultater fra 2013/14-sesongen ble slettet.
Sportsåret 2017

Sportsåret 2017 er en oversikt over hendelser, resultater og avdøde personer med tilknytning til sport i 2017.
* Hvor det er flere enn to vinnere henvises det til hovedartikkelen. Hvor det er et mesterskap viser vinneren mestvinnende nasjon. I tennisturneringer listes vinnerne i singelturneringen(e)
Utvalgte dødsfall.
Sportsåret 2022

Sportsåret 2022 er en oversikt over hendelser, resultater og avdøde personer med tilknytning til sport i 2022.
Sportsåret var fortsatt delvis preget av koronaviruspandemien, og en del mesterskap er blitt utsatt fra 2021 til 2022, blant annet VM i friidrett 2022 og VM i svømmesport 2022. I tillegg ble året preget av en rekke flyttinger, avlysninger og utsettelser grunnet Russlands invasjon av Ukraina.
* Hvor det er flere enn to vinnere henvises det til hovedartikkelen. Hvor det er et mesterskap viser vinneren mestvinnende nasjon. I tennis- og badmintonturneringer listes vinnerne i singelturneringen(e).
Sportsåret 2021

Sportsåret 2021 er en oversikt over hendelser, resultater og avdøde personer med tilknytning til sport i 2021.
Sportsåret ble preget av en rekke utsettelser fra 2020, på grunn av koronaviruspandemien. Blant annet ble Sommer-OL 2020 arrangert i 2021, og enkelte mesterskap ble flyttet til 2022 for å unngå kollisjon med OL, som VM i friidrett 2021.
Ishockey under Vinter-OL 1952

Ishockeyturneringen under vinter-OL 1952 ble arrangert fra 15.–25. februar 1952 som ledd i vinter-OL 1952 i Oslo. Turneringen talte samtidig som det 16. verdensmesterskapet og det 29. europamesterskapet i ishockey. Kampene ble spilt i Jordal Amfi og Dælenenga i Oslo, Marienlyst stadion i Drammen, Kadettangen i Sandvika og Lillestrøm stadion på Lillestrøm. Ni land deltok i turneringen som foregikk som en round robin-turnering.
Canada vant sin sjette olympiske gullmedalje i ishockey i denne turneringen. Canada ble også verdensmester for femtende gang, ettersom turneringen også var det nittende verdensmesterskapet, og Sverige ble europamestere i ishockey. Canada ble representert av amatørlaget Edmonton Mercurys, sponset av bilforhandleren Mercury. Canada og USA spilte uavgjort i den siste kampen, og sikret seg med det henholdsvis gull og sølv. Dagbladet kritiserte resultatet og omtalte kampen som rigget på forhånd.
Sverige og Tsjekkoslovakia delte tredjeplassen og måtte ut i en ekstra kamp om bronsen, som Sverige gikk seirende ut av. Tsjekkoslovakene trodde de hadde vunnet på innbyrdes oppgjør etter å ha slått svenskene dagen før, og kalte omkampen «et komplott fra de kapitalistiske landene».
De nordamerikanske lagene ble kritisert for røft spill; selv om kroppstaklinger var lov, ble det lite brukt av de europeiske lagene, og motstandere så vel som tilskuere så ikke med blide øyne på denne spillestilen.
Totalt var det 124 000 besøkende på ishockeykampene under lekene i Oslo i 1952.
Norge under OL

Norge deltok i OL første gang i Sommer-OL 1900 og har deltatt i alle OL etter det, bortsett fra Sommer-OL 1980. Norge sendte ikke deltakere til Sommer-OL 1904, men bryterne Charles Ericksen og Bernhoff Hansen var norske statsborgere da de deltok i lekene. De ble opprinnelig oppført som deltakere for USA, men i 2021 endret Den internasjonale olympiske komité sin database over olympiske medaljevinnere slik at både Ericksen og Hansen nå er registrert som olympiske mestere for Norge.
I sommer-OL frem til 2024 har Norge tatt 171 medaljer. I vinter-OL frem til 2022 har Norge tatt 405 medaljer og er med det den mestvinnende nasjonen noensinne i vinter-OL.
Norge har vært arrangør for OL to ganger: Vinter-OL 1952 i Oslo og Vinter-OL 1994 på Lillehammer.
Norge under Vinter-OL 2018

Norge deltok i Vinter-OL 2018 i Pyeongchang i Sør-Korea i perioden 9.–25. februar 2018.
Norge vant totalt 39 medaljer, hvilket var ny rekord for flest antall medaljer vunnet av én nasjon i samme vinterleker. USA hadde den forrige rekorden fra OL i Vancouver da de tok hjem 37 medaljer. Sammen med Tyskland tangerte den norske troppen også Canadas rekord på 14 gull i et OL, også den satt i vinter-OL 2010.
Da Marit Bjørgen tok sin femte medalje i lekene på 30 km klassisk overtok hun også Ole Einar Bjørndalens plass som vinter-OLs mestvinnende utøver med åtte gullmedaljer og til sammen 15 medaljer fordelt på fem leker.
Komplett uttak, oppdatert per 29. januar 2018.
Kina og Norge lå likt etter de innledende rundene og spilte tiebreaker for å avgjøre den siste semifinaleplassen.
Søndag 11. februar (20:05 lokal tid, 12:05 norsk tid)
Mandag 12. februar (09:05 lokal tid, 01:05 norsk tid)
Tirsdag 13. februar (09:05 lokal tid, 01:05 norsk tid)
Hovedtrener: Petter Thoresen Assisterende trener: Sjur Robert Nilsen
Oppdatert per kamp(er) spilt 18. februar 2018. Kilde: IIHF.com
2025–26 Biathlon World Cup

The 2025–26 Biathlon World Cup (official: BMW IBU World Cup Biathlon), organised by the International Biathlon Union (IBU), will be the 49th official World Cup season for men and 44th edition for women as the highest level of international biathlon competitions.
The season is set to start on 29 November 2025 in Östersund, Sweden and will end on 22 March 2026 in Oslo Holmenkollen, Norway.
A major highlight of the season will be the 2026 Winter Olympics, held in Milan–Cortina, Italy, from 8 to 21 February, with the biathlon events taking place in Antholz-Anterselva. The results from these competitions will not be included in the World Cup standings.
Sturla Holm Lægreid from Norway and Franziska Preuß from Germany will be the reigning champions from the previous season.
Table showing the World Cup podium places (gold–1st place, silver–2nd place, bronze–3rd place) by the countries represented by the athletes.
The table shows the number of points won in the 2025–26 Biathlon World Cup for men and women. Relay events do not impact individual rankings.
The following notable biathletes, who competed in the World Cup, are expected to retire during or after the 2025–26 season:
Norwegian Biathlon Championships

The Norwegian Biathlon Championships is the national biathlon championships of Norway and have been held every year since 1959.
This event was first held in 1959. It was not held in 2016.
This event was first held in 1974.
This event was first held in 1997. It was not held in 2006, 2010 and 2012.
This event was first held in 2000. It was not held in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2013.
This event was first held in 1966.
This event was first held in 1990 and was abolished as an event in 1998, as it was at the World Championships and World Cup.
This event was first held in 1979. It was not held in 2016.
This event was first held in 1979.
This event was first held in 1997. It was not held in 2006, 2010 and 2012.
This event was first held in 2000. It was not held in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2013.
This event was first held in 1979. Through 1988, the event was 3 × 5 km. 1989-2002: 3 × 7.5 km. 2003-: 3 × 6 km.
This event was first held in 1990 and was abolished as an event in 1998, as it was at the World Championships and World Cup.
Below is a list of the top ten male and female biathletes at the Norwegian Biathlon Championships by individual gold medals. Biathletes whose names are in bold are still active.Updated: 3 April 2016
2024–25 Biathlon World Cup

The 2024–25 Biathlon World Cup (official: BMW IBU World Cup Biathlon), organised by the International Biathlon Union (IBU), was the 48th official World Cup season for men and 43rd edition for women as the highest level of international biathlon competitions.
The season started on 30 November 2024 in Kontiolahti, Finland and concluded on 23 March 2025 in Oslo Holmenkollen, Norway.
A major highlight of the season was the 2025 Biathlon World Championships in Lenzerheide, Switzerland, whose results were not included in the World Cup standings (except for the national standings).
Johannes Thingnes Bø from Norway and Lisa Vittozzi from Italy were the reigning champions from the previous season. Bø finished the season in 2nd place, while Vittozzi was unable to compete, having withdrawn from the entire season due to a back injury sustained during pre-season training. Additionally, Bø ended his career during the final competition in Oslo Holmenkollen.
The new World Cup winners for the season, both claiming the title for the first time, were Sturla Holm Lægreid from Norway and Franziska Preuß from Germany.
For the first time since the 2003/04 season, Östersund did not host any biathlon World Cup events.
The IBU Executive Board introduced several rule changes for the new season, based on recommendations from the Technical Committee:
Selina Grotian became the first woman born in the 2000s to win a World Cup competition.
During the single mixed relay competition in Oberhof, the Finnish team claimed their first-ever victory in the history of mixed relay events. Similarly, during the single mixed relay event in Pokljuka, the Swiss team achieved the same milestone.
By winning the short individual race in Pokljuka, Jakov Fak became the second-oldest winner in World Cup history (38 years, 4 months, and 30 days), behind only Ole Einar Bjørndalen (41 years, 10 months, and 6 days). He also recorded the second-longest gap between World Cup victories (3,644 days), trailing only Tomasz Sikora (4,049 days).
Table showing the World Cup podium places (gold–1st place, silver–2nd place, bronze–3rd place) by the countries represented by the athletes.
The table shows the number of points won in the 2024–25 Biathlon World Cup for men and women. Relay events do not impact individual rankings.
The following notable biathletes, who competed in the World Cup, are expected to retire during or after the 2024–25 season:
List of Olympic medalists in biathlon

This is the complete list of Olympic medalists in biathlon.
Medalists in military patrol, a precursor to biathlon, are listed separately.
The numbers in brackets denotes biathletes who won gold medal in corresponding disciplines more than one time. Bold numbers denotes record number of victories in certain disciplines.
The numbers in brackets denotes biathletes who won gold medal in corresponding disciplines more than one time. Bold numbers denotes record number of victories in certain disciplines.
The women's relay event has been competed over three different distances:
Note
* denotes all Olympics in which mentioned biathletes took part. Boldface denotes latest Olympics.
Top 10 biathletes who won more gold medals at the Winter Olympics are listed below. Boldface denotes active biathletes and highest medal count among all biathletes (including those not in the tables) per type.
* denotes only those Olympics at which mentioned biathletes won at least one medal
Biathlon at the Winter Olympics

Biathlon debuted at the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California with the men's 20 km individual event. At the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble, the men's 4 × 7.5 km relay debuted, followed by the 10 km sprint event at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York. Beginning at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, women's biathlon debuted with the 15 km individual, 3 × 7.5 km relay (4 × 7.5 km during 1994–2002, and 4 × 6 km in 2006), and 7.5 km sprint. A pursuit race (12.5 km for men and 10 km for women) was included at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City. The top 60 finishers of the sprint race (10 km for men and 7.5 km for women) would qualify for the pursuit event. The sprint winner starts the race, followed by each successive biathlete at the same time interval they trailed the sprint winner in that event. At the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, a mass start (15 km for men and 12.5 km for women) was introduced where the top 30 biathletes from the previous four events were allowed to start together for the competition.
Prior to the biathlon debut at the 1960 Winter Olympics, there was a military patrol event that was held at four Winter Olympic Games: 1924, 1928, 1936, and 1948. Medals were awarded for military patrol in 1924, but it was a demonstration event for the other three Winter Games. Military patrol is considered by the International Biathlon Union to be the precursor to biathlon.
• = official event, (d) = demonstration event
• = official event, (d) = demonstration event
Sources (after the 2022 Winter Olympics): Accurate as of 2022 Winter Olympics and IOC Executive Board decision of May 19, 2022 to redistribute medals in the biathlon women's 4x6km event at the 2014 Winter Olympics.
Media related to Biathlon at the Olympics at Wikimedia Commons
List of multiple Olympic gold medalists

This article lists the individuals who have won at least four gold medals at the Olympic Games or at least three gold medals in individual events.
This is a partial list of multiple Olympic gold medalists, listing people who have won four or more Olympic gold medals. Medals won in the 1906 Intercalated Games are not included. (If they were, Ray Ewry would be second on the list with 10 gold.) It includes top-three placings in 1896 and 1900, before medals were awarded for top-three placings. The Olympics listed for each athlete only include games in which they won medals. See the particular article on the athlete for more details on when and for what nation an athlete competed. More medals are available in some events than others, and the number of events in which medals are available overall has changed over time.
This is a progressive list of Olympians that have held the record for most titles won. It includes titles won in 1896 and 1900, before gold medals were awarded for first place. All record-holders have competed at Summer Games rather than Winter Games.
This list currently includes all Olympians with three or more gold medals won as individuals (not as part of a team of two or more).
Biathlon at the 2002 Winter Olympics

Biathlon at the 2002 Winter Olympics consisted of eight biathlon events. They were held at Soldier Hollow. The events began on 11 February and ended on 20 February 2002. For the first time since 1992, the biathlon program expanded. A new race type, the pursuit (for both men and women) was added, the first new race type since the debut of the sprint in 1980.
Seven nations won medals in biathlon, with Germany winning the most (3 gold, 5 silver, 1 bronze), while Norway led the medal table with 4 gold medals. These four all involved Ole Einar Bjørndalen, who won each of the three men's individual events, as well as participating in the gold-medal winning relay team. Kati Wilhelm was the most successful athlete in the women's competition, taking two golds and a silver.
Thirty-four nations sent biathletes to compete in the events. Below is a list of the competing nations; in parentheses are the number of national competitors. Chile and Croatia made their Olympic debuts in the sport, with one athlete each.
Biathlon at the 1998 Winter Olympics

Biathlon at the 1998 Winter Olympics consisted of six biathlon events. They were held at Nozawa Onsen. The events began on 9 February and ended on 21 February 1998.
Eight nations won medals in biathlon, with Norway leading the medal table, thanks to five medals, 2 gold, the same as Germany. Uschi Disl was the only individual to win three medals, one of each type. Ole Einar Bjørndalen and Halvard Hanevold led the men's table, with one gold and one silver each.
Thirty-two nations sent biathletes to compete in the events. Below is a list of the competing nations; in parentheses are the number of national competitors.
Moose biathlon

Moose biathlon (Finnish: Hirvenhiihto) is a winter sport variation of biathlon, which combines cross-country skiing, range estimation of paper targets resembling a moose, and rifle shooting using fullbore biathlon rifles. The Finnish Hunters' Association holds competitions, which were first developed in Finland in the 1970s. Today, competitions are held in Finland and Sweden with a goal of becoming a Nordic discipline. There are over 10,000 competitors in Sweden and Finland, with over 600 competitors participating in the yearly Finnish Championship.
The skiing event is performed in classic style over a distance of 7–9 kilometres (4.3–5.6 mi), while competitors carry the rifle. However, competitors under the age of 16 are not required to carry the rifle themselves. Range estimation and shooting take place at designated spots along the ski course. The shooting component consists of ten rounds fired from a standing position at a distance of 100 metres (330 ft). The rifle must comply with legal requirements for hunting moose. During the range estimation component, competitors must judge the distance to two moose figures placed somewhere between 50 and 200 metres (160 and 660 ft).
The winner of the Moose Biathlon is determined by a point system, with a maximum of 1200 points available throughout the competition. The shooting component awards up to 600 points, calculated by multiplying the target scores by six. The range estimation component has 300 points available, with two points deducted for each meter of error. The skiing component awards the fastest competitor 300 points, with other competitors receiving points based on how far behind the fastest skier they finish. One point is deducted per 10 seconds. For example, if a competitor finishes 50 seconds behind the fastest skier, they are awarded 295 points from the skiing component of the competition. In most races, the oldest competitors receive full skiing points to avoid life-threatening illnesses.
A relay race version of Moose Biathlon exists, where each team member fires five rounds at a moose target and estimates the range of only one moose figure instead of two. Penalties apply for missed shots or errors in range estimation.
In contrast, Moose Shooting with Running (Finnish: Hirvenjuoksu) is a summer variation of Moose Biathlon where skiing is replaced with a 4–5 kilometres (2.5–3.1 mi) run. Firearms are not carried during the run but are instead placed in a rack near the shooting location.
Para biathlon

Para biathlon is a winter sport that combines target shooting and cross-country skiing. It is a race with contestants alternating between skiing through a cross-country trail and shooting at targets; missed shots result in a penalty of either extra time or extra distance. Para biathlon includes standing events, sitting events (for wheelchair users), and events for athletes with visual impairments, and has been a Paralympic sport since 1988.
An adaptation of biathlon for athletes with a disability, Para biathlon is one of two Nordic skiing disciplines in the Paralympic Winter Games, the other being Para cross-country skiing. Since 2024, the sport is governed by the International Biathlon Union (IBU).
As of 1 July 2024, athletes in specific sport classes are eligible to compete in Para biathlon events as follows:
Para biathlon has been a Paralympic sport since the 1988 Winter Paralympics for athletes with physical impairments, while athletes with vision impairments were included since the 1992 Winter Paralympics. The 1994 Winter Paralympics were the first time women's events were included.
Vitaliy Lukyanenko from Ukraine is the most decorated male Paralympic biathlete, with twelve medals including eight gold, while Verena Bentele from Germany is the most decorated female Paralympic biathlete, with six medals, including five gold. The most successful nation in Para biathlon is Russia, with a total of 66 medals (24 gold, 27 silver, 15 bronze).
Para biathlon was governed by the IPC until July 2022, when it transferred governance of the sport jointly to the International Ski and Snowboard Federation (FIS) and the International Biathlon Union (IBU); since 2024, the IBU solely governs Para biathlon. Para biathlon was included as part of the World Para Nordic Skiing Championships in 2021 and 2023.
The 2024–2025 season, as the first fully managed by the IBU, features the Para Biathlon World Cup (PBWC) in several stages: the first in December in Vuokatti, Finland; the second in January in Val di Fiemme, Italy; and the World Cup Finals in March in Torsby, Sweden.
The Para Biathlon World Championships (PBWCH) have taken place since 2024, with the inaugural events held in Prince George, Canada. The 2024 World Championships consisted of four events: sprint (7.5 km), individual (12.5 km), spring pursuit, and team pursuit. The 2025 World Championships are scheduled to take place in Pokljuka, Slovenia.
The following equipment is used in Para biathlon, which can differ depending on the classification of the athletes:
2022–23 Biathlon World Cup – Mixed Relay

The 2022–23 Biathlon World Cup – Mixed Relay started on 8 January 2023 in Pokljuka and will conclude on 5 March 2023 in Nové Město.
The relay teams consist of four biathletes. Legs 1 and 2 are skied by either the two men or the two women; legs 3 and 4 are skied by the remaining athletes. The race consists of either four 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) legs or four 7.5 kilometres (4.7 mi) legs. Every athlete's leg is skied over three laps, with two shooting rounds: one prone and one standing. For every round of five targets there are eight bullets available, though the last three can only be single-loaded manually from the spare round holders or from bullets deposited by the athlete into trays or onto the mat at the firing line. If after eight bullets there are still standing targets, one 150 metres (490 ft) penalty loop must be taken for each remaining target. The first-leg participants all start at the same time, and as in cross-country skiing relays, every athlete of a team must touch the team's next-leg participant to perform a valid changeover. On the first shooting stage of the first leg, the participant must shoot in the lane corresponding to their bib number (bib #10 shoots at lane #10 regardless of their position in the race), then for the remainder of the relay, the athletes shoot at the lane corresponding to the position they arrived (arrive at the range in 5th place, shoot at lane five).
The single mixed relay involves one male and one female biathlete each completing two legs consisting of one prone and one standing shoot. The starting biathletes all start the race at the same time and complete one 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) leg before exchanging with their partner who completes another 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) leg. The athlete then exchanges back with their partner who completes another 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) leg before exchanging back and completing a final 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) leg, which includes an extra lap after the final shoot. The rules regarding shooting are the same as in the regular mixed relay.
Final standings after 4 competitions.
Norway at the 2026 Winter Olympics

Norway will compete at the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, from 6 to 22 February 2026.
The following is the list of number of competitors participating at the Games per sport/discipline.
Norway has so far qualified one female and one male alpine skier through the basic quota.
Norway has qualified five female and six male biathletes through the 2024–25 Biathlon World Cup score.
Norway has qualified one female and one male cross-country skier through the basic quota so far. Following the completion of the 2024–25 FIS Cross-Country World Cup, Norway has qualified further seven female and six male athletes.
Norway has qualified a men's team by earning enough points in the last two World Curling Championships.
Biathlon at the 2010 Winter Paralympics

The biathlon competition of the Vancouver 2010 Paralympics was held at Whistler, British Columbia. The events were held on 13 March and 17 March 2010.
The program includes a total of 12 events, 6 for men and 6 for women. Competitors are divided into three categories: standing, visually impaired, and sitting. Standing biathletes are those that have a locomotive disability but are able to use the same equipment as able-bodied skiers, while sitting competitors use a sitski. Skiers with a visual impairment compete with the help of a sighted guide and an acoustic aiming system. The skier with the visual impairment and the guide are considered a team, and dual medals are awarded.
List of equipment of the Armed Forces of Ukraine

The list of equipment of the Armed Forces of Ukraine can be subdivided into: infantry weapons, vehicles, aircraft, watercraft, and clothing. Due to the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine, quantities of operational equipment are highly uncertain.
Radar for long and medium air defense are under Radiolocation Forces authority of the Ukrainian Air Force. See their equipment.
The Ukrainian Army Aviation operates overhauled and modernized Soviet Mil Mi-2, Mi-8, and Mi-24 helicopters. Following the Russian invasion in 2022, the United States, Czech Republic, Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, and Croatia donated Mi-8s and Mi-24/35s to help Ukraine replenish its losses.
The Ukrainian Air Force consists largely of aging Soviet-era aircraft inherited from the Soviet Union. In late July 2024, the UAF reportedly received the first batch of American-made F-16s. Other Western aircraft expected to enter Ukrainian service includes Mirage 2000 fighter jets, and two Saab 340 airborne early warning and control aircraft.
The Ukrainian Naval Aviation operates Kamov helicopters, Mil Mi-14 and Westland Sea King helicopters, the latter donated by the United Kingdom in 2022. In 2021, Rear Admiral Oleksiy Neizhpapa told UNIAN that the Ukrainian Navy was in the process of replacing its Kamov helicopters (whose spare parts are only produced in Russia) with domestically produced or foreign models.
In July 2024, the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense in a press release stated that more than 70 Ukrainian-made UAVs were adopted into AFU service. It was also stated that in 2023 around 60 different models of UAVs were officially adopted by the AFU.
Current War:
2009–10 Biathlon World Cup

The 2009–10 Biathlon World Cup was a multi-race tournament over a season of biathlon, organised by the International Biathlon Union. The season started 2 December 2009 in Östersund, Sweden and ended 28 March 2010 with the Mixed Relay World Championships in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia. Races of the season were broadcast in Europe on Eurosport channel.
Below is the World Cup calendar for the 2009–10 season.
(includes medals of the Olympic Winter Games Vancouver 2010)
Following notable biathletes announced their retirement during or after the 2009–10 season: