davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Chagan Lake (China)

Chagan Lake (Chinese: 查干湖; pinyin: chágān hú) is a lake in Jilin, China. The name "Chagan" is from Mongolian (ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ, transliteration : Chaɣan naɣur, Cyrillic mongolian : цагаан нуур, transliteration MNS : tsagaan nuur), meaning white / pure lake (see also Chagan River re. another toponym including the Mongolian adjective tsagaan). It is often referred to as the Sacred Lake or Holy Water Lake (simplified Chinese: 圣水湖; traditional Chinese: 聖水湖; pinyin: shèngshuǐ hú) by local people. The lake is known for its traditional winter fishing, featuring a technique which dates back to prehistoric times.
Chagan Lake is the only place in which the oldest of Mongolian fishing methods is preserved. It is listed as a National Intangible Cultural Heritage of the People's Republic of China.
The annual Winter Fishing Festival is held to keep this ancient tradition alive. Fishermen first drill many holes through the thick ice and then use these holes to carefully position a 2 km net under the ice. The net and its catch is then hauled out of the largest hole by means of a capstan (see also Whim (mining)) turned by Mongolian horses. The Lake set a Guinness World Record of a single net that yielded 104,500 kg (230,400 lb) of fish in 2006, and broke its own record with 168,500 kg (371,500 lb) of fish in 2009. The principal species thus netted is the Bighead carp - a popular food fish, particularly at the Chinese New Year, when the consumption of fish is considered to bring good fortune in the year to come.
Alaskan Athabaskans

The Alaskan Athabascans, Alaskan Athapascans or Dena (Russian: атабаски Аляски, атапаски Аляски) are Alaska Native peoples of the Athabaskan-speaking ethnolinguistic group. They are the original inhabitants of the interior of Alaska.
Formerly they identified as a people by the word Tinneh (nowadays Dena; cf. Dene for Canadian Athabaskans). Taken from their own language, it means simply "men" or "people".
In Alaska, where they are the oldest, there are eleven groups identified by the languages they speak. These are:
The Alaskan Athabascan culture is an inland creek and river fishing (also coastal fishing by only Dena'ina of Cook Inlet) and hunter-gatherer culture. The Alaskan Athabascans have a matrilineal system in which children belong to the mother's clan, with the exception of the Yupikized Athabaskans (Holikachuk and Deg Hit'an).
The Athabascan people hold potlatches which have religious, social and economic significance.
Dogs were their only domesticated animal, but were and are an integral element in their culture for the Athabascan population in North America.
Athabascans are descended from Asian hunter-gatherers, likely originally native to Mongolia, who crossed the Bering Strait and settled in North America.
Orog Lake

Orog Lake, or Orog Nuur (Mongolian: Орог нуур) is a lake located in the district of Bogd, in Bayankhongor Province, Mongolia.
It is situated at an altitude of 1216 m above sea level. Fed by the waters of the river Tüyn Gol. The shores are low and sandy, with salt marshes in some places. Fresh or salt water predominates depending on the amount of rainfall. Frozen from November to April. It is rich in fish and waterfowl.
Uranium and arsenic accumulate in this lake during evaporation, although, under very dry conditions, some As(V) reacts with ferrihydrite and is removed.
Namtso

Namtso or Lake Nam (officially: Namco; Mongolian: Tenger nuur; Chinese: 纳木错; pinyin: Nàmù Cuò; Tibetan: གནམ་མཚོ་, ZYPY: Nam Co; “Heavenly Lake” in European literature: Tengri Nor, 30°42′N 90°33′E﻿ / ﻿30.700°N 90.550°E﻿ / 30.700; 90.550) is a mountain lake on the border between Damxung County of Lhasa prefecture-level city and Baingoin County of Nagqu Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, approximately 112 kilometres (70 mi) NNW of Lhasa.
Namtso (Namco) is a lake that first formed during the Paleogene age, as a result of Himalayan tectonic plate movements. The lake lies at an elevation of 4,718 m (15,479 ft), and has a surface area of 1,900 km (730 sq mi). This salt lake is the largest lake in the Tibet Autonomous Region. However, it is not the largest lake on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. That title belongs to Qinghai Lake (more than twice the size of Namtso); which lies more than 1,000 km (620 mi) to the north-east in Qinghai.
Namtso has five uninhabited islands of reasonable size, in addition to one or two rocky outcrops. The islands have been used for spiritual retreat by pilgrims who walk over the lake's frozen surface at the end of winter, carrying their food with them. They spend the summer there, unable to return to shore again until the water freezes the following winter. This practice is no longer permitted by Chinese authorities.
The largest of the islands is in the northwest corner of the lake, and is about 2,100 m (6,900 ft) long and 800 m (2,600 ft) wide, rising to just over 100 m (330 ft) in the middle. At its closest point it is about 3.1 km (1.9 mi) from the shore.
The weather at Namtso is subject to abrupt, sudden change and snowstorms are very common across the Nyainqêntanglha range.
Namtso has an alpine climate (Köppen ETH) characterised by frigid, extremely dry winters and cool, rainy summers.
Namtso is renowned as one of the most beautiful places in the Nyainqêntanglha mountain range. Its cave hermitages have for centuries been the destination of Tibetan pilgrims. A surfaced road across Laken Pass at 5186 m was completed to the lake in 2005, enabling easy access from Lhasa and the development of tourism at the lake. Settlements in the area include Dobjoi, Donggar and Cha'gyungoinba. The Tashi Dor monastery is located at the southeastern corner of the lake.
Around the area's natural elements, historical and anthropological background, a 2010 romantic drama Chinese: 香格里拉 Shangri-La, starring China's popular actor Hu Ge, was broadcast at CCTV1 and received positive reviews. Some scenes in the 2002 Hong Kong film The Touch were filmed at the lake. Namtso Lake was featured in Episode 4, The Roof of the World, of BBC TV series: Himalaya with Michael Palin.
Asteroid 248388 Namtso, discovered by Italian astronomer Vincenzo Casulli in 2005, was named after the lake. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 5 October 2017 (M.P.C. 106504).
Orkhon Valley

The Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape sprawls along the banks of the Orkhon River in Central Mongolia, some 320 km west from the capital Ulaanbaatar. It was inscribed by UNESCO in the World Heritage List as representing the development of nomadic pastoral traditions spanning more than two millennia.
For many centuries, the Orkhon Valley was viewed as the seat of the imperial power of the steppes. The first evidence comes from a stone stele with Orkhon inscriptions, which was erected in the valley by Bilge Khan, an 8th-century ruler of the Göktürk Empire. Some 25 miles to the north of the stele, in the shadow of the sacred forest-mountain Ötüken, was his Ördü, or nomadic capital. During the Khitan domination of the valley, the stele was reinscribed in three languages, so as to record the deeds of a Qidan potentate.
Mountains were considered sacred in Tengriism as an axis mundi, but Ötüken was especially sacred because the ancestor spirits of the khagans and beys resided here. Moreover, a force called kut was believed to emanate from this mountain, granting the khagan the divine right to rule the Turkic tribes. Whoever controlled this valley was considered heavenly appointed leader of the Turks and could rally the tribes. Thus control of the Orkhon Valley was of the utmost strategic importance for every Turkic state. Historically every Turkic capital (Ördü) was located here for this exact reason.
The main monuments of the Orkhon Valley are as follows:
Galvarino

Galvarino (died c. November 30, 1557) was a famous Mapuche warrior during majority of the early part of the Arauco War. He fought and was taken prisoner along with one hundred and fifty other Mapuche, in the Battle of Lagunillas against governor García Hurtado de Mendoza. As punishment for insurrection, some of these prisoners were condemned to amputation of their right hand and nose, while others such as Galvarino had both hands cut off. Galvarino and the rest were then released as a lesson and warning for the rest of the Mapuche. Mendoza sent him to inform general Caupolicán of the number and quality of the people which had entered their land again, to put some fear into him, among other means that were tried, so that he might submit without coming to blows.
When returning to the Mapuche, he appeared before Caupolicán and the council of war, showing them his mutilations, crying out for justice and a greater rising of the Mapuche against this Spanish invader like the one of Lautaro. For his bravery and gallantry, he was named by the council to command a squadron. With knives fastened on both mutilated wrists replacing his hands, he fought next to Caupolicán in the following campaign until the Battle of Millarapue ,where his squadron fought against that of governor Mendoza himself and he was able to strike down the number two in command.
However, Mendoza's command broke Galvarino's division after over an hour of combat and won the battle, killing three thousand Mapuche and capturing more than eight hundred including him. Mendoza ordered him to be executed by being thrown to the dogs.
In the book La Araucana, written by Alonso de Ercilla, he explains that the real death of Galvarino was by hanging.
Eagle catching fish

Eagle catching fish or eagle catching ichthys (German: Adler fängt Fisch or Adler fängt Ichthys) is a German anti-Christian and neo-pagan symbol.
It depicts an eagle catching an ichthys, a fish symbol associated with Christianity. The symbol is supposed to represent pagan strength and victory over Christianity. It was first created in 1989, and later registered as a trademark in 2003 by Holocaust denier Jürgen Rieger for the far-right German neo-pagan organisation Artgemeinschaft Germanische Glaubens-Gemeinschaft, which he led at the time.
Another anti-Christian symbol known as "Odins Raben" (lit. Odin's Ravens) similarly depicts two ravens attacking an Ichthys.
While the symbol originated from, and is mostly associated with, far-right paganism, this association is not inherently the case.
The design of the symbol can vary.
A variant of the symbol was used on a hoodie named "No Inquisition" produced by the clothing brand Thor Steinar, which is popular among the far-right in Germany. Some German pagan metal bands, such as XIV Dark Centuries, also have previously used the symbol.
The Evangelical Association of Saxony and the Office for Worldview and Sect Issues of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Saxony recognizes the symbol as clearly anti-Christian symbolism. It did not, however, conclude an inherent and clear association to the far-right extremist scene.
Karambia

Karambia adolah bahaso Minang dari kelapa. Karambia atau juo dikenal jo namo tumbuahan (takstonomi) jo sabutan Cocos Nuciera Lineaeus marupokan tumbuahan tahunan nan kareh juo dikenal jo monopodi (indak bacabang) dan mampunyoi aka nan sarabuik. Tumbuahan karambia ko iolah tumbuahan nan sarba guno, sabab sadoalah nan ado pado karambia dapek mambari manpaaik. Contohnyo batangnyo dan baguno untuak pembuek bangunan, pasak, jumbatan, bahan baka, dan lain sabagainyo. Daun karambia nan baguno untuak pambuatan hiasan rumah tradisional, dapek juo untuak pambuek makanan tradisional contonhyo katupek, tusuak sate dan lain sabagainyo. Buah karambia nan banyak manpaiknyo, aianyo bakeh ka diminum baik ka untuak palapeh auih maupun untuak ubek, isi buahnyo untuak makanan jo bahan makanan, kulik karambia (tampuruang) untuak bahan baka jo hiasan, jo banyak lai kagunoan karamabia iko. Salain baguno untuak pribadi, karambia iko baguno juo untuak industri-industri nan ado di Indonesia ataupun di lua Indonesia.
Faktor lingkungan sangaik mampangaruhi patumbuahan karambia iolah iklim jo tanah. Karambia ko biasonyo tumbuah elok pado iklim paneh nan lambab nan ado pado umumnyo tadapek di wilayah tropis. Tipe tanah nan elok untuak tumbuahan karambia iolah tanah Aluvial, Latosol, tanah pasir dan lain sabagainyo.
Karambia biasonyo malewati maso tanam tigo sampai anam tahun. sasudah itu tumbuahan iko dapek dipanen dan dipagunoan.
Tarahap Media
Sagun

Sagun adolah kue kariang bawarna putiah, dan gurih. Kue sagun ko tabuek dari olahan tapuang bareh katan nan diagiah campuran karambia. Kue sagun ko mampunyoi cito raso nan manih jo harum dari karambia.
kue sagun ko biasonyo dihidangkan pas hari rayo idul fitri dirumah rumah, ado pulo yangf maniadian kue ko untuak di jua, dan ado pulo dijadian cemilan untuak kaluargo k kue ko marupokan salah satu kue favorit urang minang. kue sagun ko biasonyo ado di daerah padang, bukittinggi, padang panjang, dan daerah sumatera barat lainnyo.
bahan bahan nan dibutuhan untuak mambuek kue sagun ko cukuik mudah, partamo tu tapuang katan sabanyak 150 gram, karambia kukua 500 gram, mentega 50 gram, gulo pasia 100 gram, vanilla bubuak 1 sendok, aia putiah 1/2 ml, garam 1/2 sendok.
Caro mambuek kue sagun ko sangaiklah mudah, partamo sangarai talabiah dahulu tapuang katan kurang labiah 10 minik jo api sadang, salanjuiknyo kukua karambia, kamudian sangrai karambia nan baru dikukua sampai kariang, kalau alah kariang, sisiahan talabiah dahulu, siap tu campuan karambia kukua kariang tadi jo tapuang katan, garam, gulo pasia, vanila, aia jo mentega, siap tu aduak sampai marato, siap tu siapkan cetakan kue sagun sasuai salero masiang masiang, siap tu panggang kue sagun dalam oven nan alah diangekan jo suhu 160 derjat salamo kurang labiah 15 sampai 20 minik , kalau alah masak kaluan dari oven tu dinginkan dan sajikan.
Es teler

Es teler adolah minuman buah asli Indonesia. Pokat, Karambia Mudo, Cincau, Nangko, dan buah-buahan lainnyo dihidangan jo santan, susu kental manih, daun Pandanus amaryllifolius (biasanyo dalam bantuak sirup raso karambia jo pandan), gulo, jo saketek garam.
Es teler marupoan minuman asli dari Jawa Tangah, Indonesia. Asal mulo atau sajarah kironyo dari Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Pado taun 1957, minuman iko muncul dek di sobokan dek Hj.Samijem Darmo Putro (Ibunda Tukiman Darmowijono), urang kampuang Juron,Kecamatan Nguter, Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Jawa tengah.
Hj. Samijem jo Tukiman adolah urang pertamo nan menyobokannyo. “Memang awalnyo ambo nan manyobokan racikan es teler itu. Sudah itu, es teler banyak dima - dima. Ambo sangajo indak mematenkannyo,” keceknyo.
Demi menopang hidup, kaluargo Darmo Putro merantau ka Jakarta sabagai padagang buah asongan didaerah Menteng, Jakarta Pusat. Diraso hasil dari badagang buah kurang untuak memenuhi kabutuhan sehari-hari, kaluargo Darmo Putro (Tukiman Darmowijono) lalu berinisiatif untuak manjua es buah. Seiringnya bajalannyo waktu, mareka berinovasi jo mancampuran buah nangka, karambia, pokat, sirup, jo susu. Tanpa diduga, banyak urang nan suko jo campuran babagai buah tasabuik.
Namo itu diambiak dari ungkapan saurang pelanggan nan mengecekan “esnyo mambuek teler“. Dari ungkapan itu es teler diraso cocok sabagai namo minuman lamak iko.
Bamodalan keberanian, tekat, dan saketek pitih, kaluargo darmo putro lalu mambuka waruang makan didaerah Cikini, Jakarta Pusek di kawasan metropol Megaria. Rumah makan tasabuik diagiah namo Es Teler Sari Mulia Asli. Dirumah makan iko, manyadioan juo Ayam Goreng, Bakso, Siomay, jo babagai aneka minuman. Dan usaho kaluargo Darmo Putro bakambang hinggo kini.
Hingga kini beliau alah punyo 7 cabang nan alah didirianyo. Indak tangguang-tangguang pelanggannyo pun banyak dari kalangan artis jo politisi tanamo, misalnyo Rieke Dyah Pitaloka, Jarwo Kuat, Puan Maharani, Faisal Basri, Gatot Amrih nan juo mantan Bupati Sukoharjo, dan indak ketinggalan sajumlah sanak jo Keluarga Cendana (keluarga mantan Presiden Soeharto). Beliau juo pernah diundang Ebeth Kadarusman nan juo manjadi salah satu pelanggan setia es telernyo, untuak mangikuti siaran di televisi pado taun 1993.
Ndak nio dianggap lupo jo kampuang halaman, Keluarga Darmo Putro juo mambuka rumah makan di Sukoharjo, di Jl. Raya Veteran No.30. Sabagai tampek nan dicari untuak makan, pado taun 2005 Es Teler rasmi dijadian minuman khas Sukoharjo dek Bambang Riyanto Bupati Sukoharjo nan menjabaik wakatu itu 2005.
http://klatenupdate.com/184/ternyata-penemu-es-teller-adalah-orang-sukoharjo/
Tempe

Tempe adolah makanan khas Indonesia nan tabuek dari fermentasi kedelai atau babarapo bahan lain nan manggunoan babarapo jinih kapang Rhizopus, saroman Rhizopus oligosporus, Rh. oryzae, Rh. stolonifer (kapang roti), atau Rh. arrhizus. Sadioan fermentasi iko sacaro umum dikana sabagai "ragi tempe".
Aia Tajun Kapeh Biru

Aia Tajun Kapeh Biru atau Coban Kapas Biru marupoan Sarasah nan talatak di Kabupaten Lumajang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Objek wisata iko dibukak untuak umum sajak tahun 2015.Alun diketahui pasti total katinggian Sarasah iko namun dipakirokan sakitar 100 meter. Aia Tajun Kapeh Biru iko batingkek 2 jo tingkek bawah satinggi 90 meter jo tingkek ateh satinggi 10 meter jo diapik tabiang nan sumber aianyo bamulo dari aliran anak Sungai Besukbang/Sungai Lengkong nan bahulu di lereang Gunuang Semeru. Aia Tajun Kapeh biru marupoan salah satu dari banyaknyo Sarasah nan tabantuak ditapian lembah-lembah curam Sungai Besukbang-Glidik di perbatasan Kabupaten Malang - Kabupaten Lumajang. Pamandangan disekitar Aia Tajun dikaliliangi tabiang-tabiang nan tinggi bawarna coklat kamerahan jo sisipan lumuik-lumuik ijau .Debit aianyo cukuik dareh talabiah katiko musim panghujan sahinggo bahayo bana jiko barado tapek dibawah guyuran Sarasah iko.
Aia Tajun Kapeh Biru talatak di Dusun Mulyoharjo, Desa Pronojiwo, Kecamatan Pronojiwo, Kabupaten Lumajang, Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia.
Aia Tajun Kapeh Biru talatak sakitar 51.6 kilometer dari pusek Lumajang dan bila dari kota Malang bajarak sakitar 70.1 kilometer. Jiko sanak dari Malang arahkan kendaraan sanak manuju Kepanjen - Gondanglegi - Turen - Dampit - Tirtoyudo - Ampelgading - Pronojiwo hingga tiba di Polsek Pronojiwo. 100 meter setelah Polsek Pronojiwo, tadapek banner Coban Kapeh Biru. Jiko sanak dari Lumajang, ikuik an jalan nasional Lumajang - Malang yakni malewati Sumbersuko - Tempeh - Pasirian - Candipuro - Pronojiwo hinggo sampai di lapangan Pronojiwo. 300 meter satalah lapangan, tadapek banner Coban Kapeh Biru. Ikuikan patunjuk itu hinggo tibo di tampek parkir. Dari parkiran aia tajun iko bajarak sakitar 1,5 km.
Kentang Gading, Jakarta Utara

Kelapa Gading marupoan sabuah kecamatan nan ado di kabupaten DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. Kacamatan iko dilalui dek Kali Sunter jo babarapo kali dibantuak di Jonggol, Bogor. Ivory coconut dikenal sabagai daerah nan dikambangkan dek perusahaan properti Summarecon Agung sajak 1975. Pado taun 1970-an, Kecamatan Kelapa Gading masih disabuik sabagai daerah rawa jo sawahan, kini Kelapa Giding alah diubah manjadi kawasan nan tatata sacaro elok jo bakambang pesat.
Pado maso Hindia Belanda, Ivory Coast sacaro administratif masuak wilayah Maester Cornelis Koto gando partamo kali dikenal sabagai daerah rawa jo mewah. Tapi, sajak pertengahan taun 1970, PT Summarecon Agung Tbk (saduluiknyo bakarajo jo masyarakaik asli Betawi nan kamudian bapisah tu mambuek PT baru nan banamo PT Gading Kirana) mulai masuak ka daerah iko dan mambangunnyo. Pluit pado mulonyo masih labiah banyak dari Ivory Coast. Tapi kini, Ivory Coast adolah daerah nan mancapai pakambangan nan gadang.
Pado taun 1984, Klub Kelapa Gading (dulunyo Kelapa Ganding Sport Club) nan marupoan klub olahraga paliang lengkap jo gadang di Indonesia diresmikan. Samantaro itu, pado taun 1990, Summarecon mulai mambuek Plaza Ivory Coconut nan manjadi cikal bakal Mall Ivory Coco. Pado taun 1991, Summarecon mambangun apartemen partamonyo iyolah Summerville Apartments jo Gading Food City. Pado taun 1992, Plaza Summarecon manjadi markas Summarecon Agung nan talatak di Jalan Pioneer Kemerdekaan, Jakarta Timur diresmikan.
Kelapa Gading jo sakitarnyo talatak di arah timur laut kota Jakarta. Daerahnyo talata sakitar 5 meter di ateh permukaan lauik, sahinggo daerah iko sangaik acok ditamui banjir, tarutamo pado maso ado siklus banjir 5 tahunan. Namun, sajak adonyo 2 kanal di Jakarta, mungkin Kelapa Gading indak ka talampau banyak banjir lai.
Kecamatan Kentang Gading dibagi manjadi 3 kalurahan:
Kecamatan Kelapa Gading mampunyoi laweh 16,11 km, tadiri dari tigo kalurahan iyolah Kelapa Ganding Barat, Kelapa Galing Timur, jo Pegangsaan Dua. Jumlah panduduak Ivory Coast adolah 102.426 jiwa pado taun 2003. Profesi masyarakat Ivory Coast adolah bamacam-macam, dan banyak dari inyo adolah profesi sabagai padagang.
Pado taun 2020, panduduak kabupaten iko mancapai 143.043 jiwa, di mano laki-laki mancapai 70.211 jiwa dan padusi mancapai 72.832 jiwa, jo kepadatan panduduak 8.879 jiwa/km.
Kota Jakarta Utara, tamasuak di kabupaten iko, panduduaknyo barasa dari babagai suku, Agamo, Ras jo Adat adat (SARA). Manuruik data Sensus panduduak 2010, panduduak Jakarta Utara didominasi dek panduduak dari suku Jawa, Betawi, Batak, Tionghoa, jo Sunda, jo sabagian suku lain sarupo Minangkabau, Bugis, sarato suku lain.
Komposisi panduduak Kelapa Gading manuruik janis pado taun 2020 adolah sabagai barikuik:
Kota Panama

Kota Panama adolah ibu kota jo kota tagadang nagara Panama nan talatak di pintu masuak Tarusan Panama. Kota ko marupokan pusek politik jo pamarentahan sarato pusek padagangan nagara. Pado tahun 2023, panduduaknyo bajumlah 1.086.990 jiwa.
Kota ko didirian pado tanggal 15 Agustus 1519 dek Pedro Arias de Ávila. Sasudah babarapo wakatu didirian, kota ko manjadi titiak paluncuan eksplorasi jo panakluakan Peru sarato titiak transit ameh jo perak manuju Spanyol malalui Tanah Gantiang. Pado tahun 1520, para padagang Genoa manguasoi palabuahan jo padagangan di wilayah ko, tautamo untuak padagangan budak, barakaik konsesi nan diagiahan dek Spanyol. Kota ko manjadi ibu kota nagara sajak mardeka dari Kolombia pado 3 November 1903.
Port-au-Prince

Port-au-Prince adolah ibu kota jo kota tapadek nagara Haiti. Pado tahun 2022, panduduaknyo dipakiroan bajumlah 1.200.000 jiwa jo wilayah metropolitan dipakiroan bapanduduak 2.618.894 jiwa. Kota ko dikenal banyak kriminalnyo, utamonyo kakarehan geang, jo pancilokan, pambantaian, sarato pamerkosaan umum tajadi nan acok kali malibaikan patugaih polisi jo politikuih.
Sabalum panjajahan urang Eropa, wilayah nan manjadi ibu kota ko alah diunyi dek urang Taino nan tibo sakitar tahun 2600 SM. Diyakini, urang tu baasa dari wilayah nan kini manjadi Venezuela timur. Christopher Columbus datang pado tahun 1492 jo manamuan panduduaknyo bajumlah sakitar 400.000 jiwa, tapi musnah dalam 30 tahun sajak kadatangan urang Spanyol. Pado tahun 1749, urang Parancih mandirian kota tu, tapi hancua pado tahun 1791 akibaik paparangan antaro kaum revolusioner kulik hitam jo panjajah. Pado tahun 1794, Inggirih marabuiknyo dalam Paparangan Port-Républicain. Kota tu manjadi ibu kota Haiti pado tahun 1804, katiko nagara tu mardeka.
Basmati

Basmati adolah varietas bareh aromatik panjang babutir rampiang nan sacaro tradisional ditanam di India, Pakistan, dan Nepal. Pada 2018-19, India manyumbang 65% dari pardagangan internasional bareh basmati, samantaro Pakistan manyumbang 35% sisanyo. Banyak nagara manggunoan tanaman padi basmati nan ditanam di dalam nagari; dek tu, basmati sacaro geografis eksklusif untuak distrik tatontu di India, Nepal dan Pakistan.
Manuruik badan Pamarentah India APEDA, varietas padi ado syaraik untuak disabuik Basmati jiko punyo panjang bareh giliang rato-rato minimum 6,61 mm dan leba bareh giliang rato-rato hinggo 2 mm, di antaro parameter lainnyo.
Sawah

Sawah adolah tanah nan digarap jo diairi untuak tampek mananam padi. Untuak kaparaluan iko, sawah harus harus maambek ganangan aia karano padi paralu ganangan aia pado jangko wakatu tatantu untuak patumbuahannyo. Untuak mangairi sawah digunoan sistem irigasi dari mato aia, sungai atau aia hujan. Sawah nan manggunoan aia hujan biaso disabuik jo sawah tadah hujan, samantaro nan sawah nan manggunoan sungai dinamoan sawah irigasi. Padi nan ditanam di sawah biaso disabuik padi lahan basah (lowland rice).
Pado lahan nan miriangnyo tinggi, sawah dibantuak bateras atau disabuik tera sering atau sengkedan untuak tanah indak erosi jo manahan aia. Sawah bateras banyak adonyo di lereng-lereng bukik atau gunuang di Jawa dan Bali.
Bahaso Tamil

Bahaso Tamil (Tamil: தமிழ்), marupokan bahaso dari kalompok bahaso Dravida nan ditutuakan labiah dari 50 juta panutuanyo di Tamil Nadu, India. Panutua bahaso Tamil juo banyak ditamukan di Sarilanka (wilayah Jaffna jo Trincomalee), Malaysia, Singapura, Myanmar, Indonesia (utamonyo wilayah Sumatra Utara), Afrika Selatan, Fiji, dan Mauritius.
Di sampiang itu, karano daerah Tamil Nadu alah manjadi pusek palintasan dagang nan utamo dari maso ka maso, mako daerah ko pun malakuan kontak jo babagai bangso, nan buliah tampak dari banyaknyo kamiripan kosakata babarapo bahaso jo Tamil. Kosakata rice jo sandalwood dalam bahaso Inggirih, walau disabuikan barasa dari bahaso Yunani, namun nyatonyo duo kato itu malah pinjaman dari bahaso Tamil.
Khanom kho

Khanom tom (Thai: ขนมต้ม, pronounced [kʰā.nǒm tôm]) and khanom kho (ขนมโค, [kʰā.nǒm kʰōː]) are closely related traditional Thai desserts. Khanom tom is used in Central Thailand, while khanom kho comes from Southern Thailand. Khanom kho are boiled glutinous rice dumplings stuffed with a palmyra palm sugar cube and rolled in shredded coconut, while khanom tom have caramelized shredded coconut fillings. They are approximately the size of large gumballs and come in different colors, typically red, green, blue, purple, or off-white (sans food coloring). They are sometimes served in a bath of warm coconut milk. Khanom kho are sold in markets, food stalls, and restaurants and made in homes throughout Southern Thailand. They are served at ceremonies, festivals, parties, and weddings.
Lonely Planet describes the taste of khanom kho as follows:
Khanom kho are made from glutinous rice flour, palmyra palm sugar, grated coconut, salt, butterfly pea flowers or purple food coloring, and pandan leaves for coloring.
Khanom tom and khanom kho are two of many steamed or fried sweet flour dumplings found across Asia. These include the modak from India, kuih kochi from Malaysia, Guo Zi from China, nom plae ai from Vietnam, yomari from Nepal, and kangidan from Japan.
Ficus maclellandii

Ficus maclellandii (common name Alii fig or banana-leaf fig) is a species of fig plant in the family Moraceae. It is native to India, Southeast Asia and China. It is an evergreen often grown as a houseplant in temperate climates. The leaves are 8–13 cm and uniquely dimorphic; with narrow leaves on the lower, sterile branches and broader leaves on the higher branches.
The most common cultivar is 'Alii' which was originally introduced in Hawaii. In the past this cultivar was often misidentified as F. binnendijkii or under the spurious name Ficus longifolia.
List of rice dishes

This is a list of rice dishes from all over the world, arranged alphabetically. Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryza glaberrima (African rice). As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia and the West Indies. It is the grain with the second-highest worldwide production, after maize (corn), according to data for 2010.
Lá Fhéile Stiofáin

Tugtar Lá Fhéile Stiofáin (Lá 'le Stiofáin) ar an 26ú lá de mhí na Nollag.
Creidtear gurb é Naomh Stiofán, nó San Stiofán, an chéad mhairtíreach Críostaí. Ciallaíonn an t-ainm Stiofán coróin. 'Más breith is mó a shamhlaítear le féile Lá Nollag, is é an bás foréigneach is mó a thagann chun aigne nuair a luaitear Stiofán – nó Etienne sa domhan Francach. An chéad mhairtíreach a bhí ann, a thug a anam ar son na Críostaíochta. Diamhasla a bhí sa teagasc Críostaí a bhí ar siúl aige, dar leis na Giúdaigh, agus d’imir siad bás air le clocha mar gheall air seo.' Saoradh chun beatha don duine sa mhainséar, agus daoradh chun báis do dhuine dá dheisceabail, Stiofán. Lúcháir agus áthas, ar thaobh amháin, agus foréigean agus feall ar an taobh eile. 'Is maith a chuireann Lá Fhéile Stiofáin an chodarsnacht idir an sonas agus an donas i gcuimhne dúinn".
In Éirinn, tugtar Lá an Dreoilín ar an 26 Nollaig chomh maith. Tagann an chodarsnacht i gceist chomh maith san ainm seo a bhíonn in úsáid in Éirinn chomh maith. Tá contrárthacht dá chuid féin ag baint leis an éan beag bídeach seo de bharr cáil a bheith air mar Rí na nÉan sa bhéaloideas, agus, ag an am céanna, é curtha ina leith sa bhéaloideas céanna gur sceith sé ar Stiofán a bhí i bhfolach sa chlaí agus é ar teitheadh ó na Giúdaigh.
Is lá saoire é ar fud an chuid is mó den Eoraip, ach sna Stáit Aontaithe is gnáthlá oibre é.
Tugtar "Boxing Day" ar an 26 Nollaig i Sasana agus i gCeanada. Cuireann cúrsaí déirce an t-ainm Sasanach Boxing Day i gcuimhne dúinn, agus an nós a bhíodh ann boscaí déirce a dháileadh ar na boicht an lá céanna.
Tugtar "zweiter Weihnachtstag" ar an 26 Nollaig i nGearmáinis.
San Stiofán

Ba naomh é Stiofán (Naomh Stiofán, nó San Stiofán). Ciallaíonn an t-ainm Stiofán coróin. Rugadh i 5 A.D. agus cuireadh é chun báis in 34 A.D. san Iarúsailéim, Iúdáia Impireacht na Róimhe.
Creidtear gurb é an chéad mhairtíreach Críostaí. Bhí naomh Stiofán ar cheann de na seacht ndeagánach ceaptha ag na haspail. Bhí aghaidh aige mar a bheadh aingeal ann, gan féasóg, deirtear. Ciallaíonn an t-ainm Stiofán coróin.
'Más breith is mó a shamhlaítear le féile Lá Nollag, is é an bás foréigneach is mó a thagann chun aigne nuair a luaitear Stiofán – nó Etienne sa domhan Francach. An chéad mhairtíreach a bhí ann, a thug a anam ar son na Críostaíochta. Diamhasla a bhí sa teagasc Críostaí a bhí ar siúl aige, dar leis na Giúdaigh, agus d’imir siad bás air le clocha mar gheall air seo.' Saoradh chun beatha don duine sa mhainséar, agus daoradh chun báis do dhuine dá dheisceabail, Stiofán..
Tógadh iarsmaí Stiofáin chun na Róimhe as an Talamh Naofa sa 5ú haois. Tógadh an eaglais La Rotunda di Santo Stefano in ómós dó.
D’oibrigh Dia an-chuid míorúiltí tríd Naomh Stiofán, is cosúil.
Dreoilín

Éan beag ceoil atá sa dá leathsféar den domhan, ach clanna éagsúla sa dá cheann, is ea an dreoilín.
An-fhlúirseach i Meiriceá teochreasach. A chlúmh donn nó scothdhearg in uachtar, agus bán, liath nó donnbhuí in íochtar. Patrún gleoite rialta ar a sciatháin is an dá thaobh dá bholg. Gob fada air, is a eireaball in airde. Itheann sé feithidí is damháin alla. Déanann an fireannach an-chuid ceoil, tríleach ard thar cheol aon éin eile. Déanann sé nead i gcruth sféar agus poll sa taobh mar bhealach isteach is amach, as caonach is féar, le cleití mar líneáil. Tógann sé dhá ál sa bhliain.
Is é an dara éan is lú in Éirinn, ach “rí na n-éan”.
In Éirinn, tugtar Lá an Dreoilín ar an 26 Nollaig, nó Lá Fhéile Stiofáin, is é sin fiach an dreoilín. Tá sé de nós ag lucht an dreoilín - agus / nó ná cleamairí - dul amach ag fiach chun an dreoilín bocht a mharú Lá Fhéile Stiofáin.
Féilte na nGael

Bhí ceithre fhéile móra ag na Gaeil fadó (Samhain, Imbolg, Bealtaine, Lúnasa), chomh maith le roinnt féilte beaga. Nuair a tugadh an Chríostaíocht go hÉirinn tuairim is 1500 bliain ó shin, chuir na sagairt agus na manaigh cuma na Críostaíochta ar chuid de na nósanna a bhí ag na Págánaigh roimhe sin. Mar gheall air sin, bíonn cuid de na féilte a bhí ag na SeanGhaeil á gceiliúradh go fóill in Éirinn sa lá atá inniu ann.
Bhí tábhacht leis na grianstadanna (na laethanta is faide agus is gairide) agus leis na cónochtaí (nuair a bhíonn an lá agus an oíche ar comhfhad lena chéile) fosta. Is dócha go mbaineann cuid mhór de nósanna na Nollag agus Lá Fhéile Stiofáin le deasghnátha na bPágánach do ghrianstad an gheimhridh (Buachaillí an Dreoilín, mar shampla, nuair a bhíodh daoine ag dul ó theach go teach ar lorg airgid) agus go bhfuil baint idir Oíche/Lá Fhéile Eoin nó Oíche Fhéile San Seáin agus grianstad an tsamhraidh.
Ríthe na nUladh

Ríthe as Cúige Uladh ab ea Rí na nUladh (Sean-Ghaeilge Rí Ulad), idir seanscéalach agus stairiúil. Bronnadh an teidal Rí an Chúige (rí in Chóicid) air scaití.
Ríthe na nUlad seanscéalach, agus na críocha níos lú ar chósta thoir thuaidh na tíre, a bhíodh i gceist leis an teideal ó thús. Léiríonn léarscáil Tholamaes (tiomsaithe circa AD 150 ó fhoinsí éagsúla a bhí níos luaithe ann) iad mar Uoluntii agus Darini in aice láimhe. Is cosúil go raibh ceannas díreach acu ar Chontae Mhuineacháin, Chontae Ard Mhacha, Chontae an Dúin, Chontae Aontroma agus cuid mhaith de Chontae Lú mar atá siad anois ann, nuair a bhí a fhorlámhas i mbláth. Ba iad na hOirialla, cónaidhm scaoilte de chine na gCruithneach agus vasáilligh na nUlad, a bhí i gceannas i lár an chúige. Tá dhá threibh eile luaite ag Tolamaes níos faide siar ina léarscáil, na Vennikinii i gContae Dhún na nGall agus na Erpitianni ar feadh Loch Éirne uachtair agus íochtair; bhí an bheirt acu is dócha faoi réir riail na nUlad.
Tháinig deireadh leis an teideal tar éis ionradh na Normannach sa bhliain 1177 agus bhunú Iarlacht na nUladh. Bronnadh an teideal Rex Hibernicorum Ulidiae, .i. "Rí na nGael na nUladh", ar Mhic Dhúinnshléibhe go dtí gur thit an rítheaghlach i léig faoi dheireadh na 13ú haoise.
Tar éis teip na hiarlachta sa bhliain 1333, d'fhorghabh agus d'athbheoigh Uí Néill an Tuaiscirt, príomhchéilí comhraic Gaelacha na nUlad, an teideal i ndiaidh na bliana 1364. Mar thoradh, d'éirigh gaol idir an teideal agus a gcuid críoch, agus go deimhin thug siad an t-ainm 'Ulaidh' orthu.
Ríthe Éireann

Feictear an teideal Rí i n-annála Gaelacha, gaolmhar le rígh as Gaeilge na hAlban, Reich as Gearmánais, rix as Gaillis, rex as Laidin, raja as Sanscrait.
Is féidir tíreolaíocht polaitiúil na hÉireann a rianú sách cruinn ón 6ú haois ar aghaidh. San aimsir úd, bhí an tír roinnte ina paistí tuath le hordlathas luaineach de thrí nó ceithre ghrád rí:
Níorbh ach siombalach iad na gráid úd thar aon ní. Le himeacht ama, b'fhéidir é go raibh fíorchumhacht rí níos ísle mar ab ionann nó níos mó ná rí níos airde. Cuireadh ceangail ar ríthe ámh trí ghéillsine mhíleata agus íocaíocht chánach.
De ghnáth, ba rí áitiúil i gceannas aon tuath amháin é rí beann nó rí tuaithe, cé gurbh fhada bhuí óna chéile iad na tuatha ó thaobh mhéide de. Meastar go raibh idir 100 nó 150 tuath in Éirinn, ag brath ar foinse.
Go teoiriciúil, ba rí beann é féin gach rí de chéim níos airde. Ní raibh údarás dlíthiúil díreach aige ach laistigh dá thuath shinseartha féin.
Samplaí:
Mór-rí réigiúnach ab ea ruire, ri buiden, nó rí tuath, a raibh i gceannas ar roinnt ríthe rí beann. D'fhéadfadh a rá gur mion-rí fós é ar dóigh éigin, a bheadh ar a chumas ámh céim níos airde, ríogacht an chúige san áireamh, a bhaint amach, bíodh is go hannamh. Ag brath ar an áireamh, is dócha go raibh 20 fíor-ruire in Éirinn in aon aimsir amháin.
Samplaí:
Rí cúigeach no leath-chúigeach ab ea rí ruireach go minic ab raibh roinnt ríthe ruire faoi smacht aige. Glaodh orthu fosta ri bunaid cach cinn (rí bunaidh gach duine). Feictear a leanas roinnt ríochtaí desna chéad agus dara míle bliain, cé nach comhaimseartha iad. Ní raibh ar a mhéad sé fíor-rí ruireach ann ag aon am amháin, agus trí nó ceathair an meán ann. Ó thús, bhí cúig dá leithéid ann, ar a laghad de réir na seanscéalta (féach Táin Bó Cúailnge), agus dá bharr an t-ainm 'cúige' sna hAnnála Éireann.
Samplaí:
De réir traidisiúna, rialtóir uachtarach na hÉireann ab ea an tArd-Rí. Insítear i miotaseolaíocht agus seanscéalta na nGael ámh go raibh a chuid cumhachta idir lag is láidir, go nó gan freasúra, agus de ghnáth ní raibh ann ach ceann feadhna, ag feidhmiú ardfhlaithiúnais ar na ríochtaí neamhspleácha níos ísle.
Seán Ó Cualáin

Is stiúrthóir scannán Éireannach é Seán Ó Cualáin, as Loch Con Aortha, Cill Chiaráin, Co. na Gaillimhe ó dhúchas. Stiúir sé Dara Beag — File Pobail sa bhliain 2004, Rí an Fhocail i 2007, Lón sa Spéir i 2012, Mise Raiftearaí an Fíodóir Focal (scríofa ag Tadhg Mac Dhonnagáin) i 2013, agus Crash and Burn (faoin tiománaí rásaíochta Tommy Byrne) i 2016.
Ciara Ní É

Is file, láithreoir teilifíse, gníomhaí agus blagálaí Éireannach í Ciara Ní É.
Rugadh i gCluain Tarbh, Baile Átha Cliath í. Bhain sí céim sa Ghaeilge amach sa bhliain 2013 ó Choláiste na Tríonóide, Baile Átha Cliath. Ina dhiaidh sin, chaith sí bliain i Londain ag obair mar chúntóir eagarthóireachta le Dorling Kindersley. Sa bhliain 2015, bronnadh céim mháistreachta uirthi san ábhar 'Scríobh agus Cumarsáid' ón gColáiste Ollscoile, Baile Átha Cliath agus bhunaigh sí oíche fhilíochta darb ainm REIC. Thuill sí scoláireacht Fulbright, agus le linn 2017 agus 2018 d'oibrigh sí mar mhúinteoir Gaeilge in Villanova University, Philadelphia.
Ní Éineacháin an sloinne atá uirthi ó cheart ach baineann sí úsáid as an leagan stílithe stáitse Ní É. Ba é an leagan galldaithe a bhíodh in úsáid "oifigiúil" aici roimh 2020, tráth a d'athraigh sí a hainm go Ní Éineacháin go hoifigiúil.
Bhí sí ar an liosta ‘100 Women Changing Ireland in 2022’ de chuid an Irish Examiner. Bhí sí ina healaíontóir cónaithe leis an Dublin Fringe Festival in 2022, bhí sí mar Scríbhneoir Cónaithe ag Ollscoil Chathair BÁC 2020 agus is ambasadóir í le hÁras Scríbhneoirí na hÉireann. Tá cainéal Youtube aici áit a roinneann sí a cuid dánta, físeáin faoin nGaeilge agus ábhar eile.
Bhí sí mar láithreoir ar an gclár ‘Ciara Ní É: Saol trí Ghaeilge’ le Aniar TV, a ainmníodh ar ghearrliosta Fhéile na Meán Ceilteach agus Ghradaim Chumarsáide an Oireachtais. Ise a bhunaigh an oíche filíochta REIC agus tá a cuid filíochta léite aici i Nua-Eabhrac, i Londain, sa Bhruiséil, sa tSualainn, agus timpeall na tíre.
Foilsíodh saothar dá cuid sa díolaim Marrow/Cnámh agus Smior, Washing Windows Too, Queering the Green, agus irisí fearacht Aneas, Icarus agus Comhar. Comhbhunaitheoir an chomharghrúpa AerachAiteachGaelach í, lena comhbhádóir Eoin Mc Evoy. Roghnaíodh togra leo don Abbey 5×5 2020, agus chuir siad dráma chun stáitse mar chuid den Dublin Fringe Festival 2021. Tá sí ag obair le foilsitheoir ar a céad chnuasach filíochta faoi láthair.
Chrú Ní É duais ag Slam Filíochta Liú Lúnasa in 2020 lena dán Smaointe faoi Chíocha agus dá éis sin bhí sí ina moltóir ar an gcomórtas in 2021 agus in 2023. Chuaigh sí san iomaíocht arís sa Slam in 2024 agus tháinig an chéad áit.
Is duine déghnéasach í.
Úsáideann Ciara físeáin chun a saothar a léiriú agus aon cheann déag déanta aici go dtí seo:
Buaiteoirí an Chomórtais Idirnáisiúnta Amhrán Pan Ceilteach

Seo liosta de Bhuaiteoirí an Chomórtais Idirnáisiúnta Amhrán Pan Ceilteach, arna eagrú ag an bhFéile Idirnáisiúnta Pan Cheilteach.
Is féidir na sonraí a chur in ord áirithe eile ach cliceáil ar theidil an cholúin chuí ("Buaiteoir", "Amhrán", srl.).
Darina Allen

Is cócaire Éireannach, scríbhneoir bia, pearsantacht teilifíse agus bunaitheoir Scoil Cócaireachta Ballymaloe í Darina Hilda Allen (née O'Connell, a rugadh ar 13 Meitheamh 1948).
Rugadh Allen i Cullohill, Contae Laois, an duine is sine de naonúr pháistí. Is céimí í i mbainistíocht óstáin ar Institiúid Teicneolaíochta Bhaile Átha Cliath, agus tá sí ina húdar ar roinnt leabhar rathúla ar ábhar ealaín na hÉireann. Bhunaigh sí líonra margaí feirmeoirí i gceantar Chorcaí.
Phós sí Tim Allen, mac le Myrtle Allen agus Ivan Allen, agus tá sí ina cónaí anois ar a feirm orgánach, Kinoith, i Shanagarry.
Is úinéir í ar Scoil Chócaireachta Bhaile Mhaolmhuaidh i Shanagarry, Contae Chorcaí. Tá an scoil suite ar fheirm orgánach.
Scríobh sí roinnt leabhar cócaireachta lena n-áirítear:
Víosa Saoire Oibre na hAstráile

Ceadaíonn an Víosa Saoire Oibre (subclass 417) de chuid na hAstráile do 'dhaoine óga' (18-35 bliain d'aois), a bhfuil pas Éireannach acu, taisteal go dtí an Astráil agus oibriú ann ar feadh dhá bhliain. Tugtar "Saoirí oibre san Astráil" (Béarla: Working Holidays in Australia) ar an gclár.
Is féidir obair shealadach nó ócáideach a aimsiú nuair a bhaineann tú an tír amach agus is féidir leat staidéar gearr a dhéanamh freisin fad a bhíonn tú ann. Roimh iarratas a chur isteach, léigh na coinníollacha go cúramach. Má tá daoine ag taisteal go príomha chun oibriú nó chun staidéar a dhéanamh, ba cheart víosaí eile a fhiosrú.
Má bhíonn duine ag obair i láthair réigiúnach san Astráil ar feadh thrí mhí leis an gcéad Víosa Shaoire Oibre, is féidir síneadh bliana a fháil ar an víosa sin faoi chúinsí áirithe..
Bíonn roghanna eile ann, mar shampla an Víosa Urraíochta Fostóra. Is víosa shealadach nó víosa bhuan an víosa seo. Tugann an víosa shealadach 457, cead d’fhostóirí oibrithe iasachta a fhostú le go líonfaí poist fhostaíochta oilte san Astráil.
Tá sé thar a bheith tábhachtach i gcónaí go mbeadh stádas dleathach ag daoine chomh fada agus a mhaireann siad san Astráil.
Bíonn éagsúlacht mhór costais ann maidir le cóiríocht a fháil, ag brath ar an áit ina mbíonn duine san Astráil. Bíonn lóistín sna cathracha móra ar nós Sydney, Perth agus Melbourne thar a bheith costasach. Agus uaireanta bíonn na hÉireannaigh báite i bpáipéarachas. Tromluí amach is amach is ea é ó thaobh maorlathais de do dhaoine áirithe.
Nuair a thagann daoine chun na tíre, ba chóir dóibh cuir isteach ar Uimhir Chomhaid Chánach (TFN) toisc go mbeidh a leithéid á lorg ag an bhfostóir. Téigh go dtí www.ato.gov.au chun eolas breise a lorg maidir leis an TFN a fháil
Fuair níos mó ná 21,000 saoránach Éireannach Víosa 'Saoire Oibre' idir mí Iúil 2022 agus mí na Bealtaine 2023 de réir figiúirí a d'fhoilsigh an Roinn Gnóthaí Baile san Astráil. Ní fhacthas an méid seo eisimirce ó ard an chúlaithe eacnamaíochta in 2008. Le haghaidh comparáide, deonaíodh 11,077 víosa i rith na tréimhse céanna idir 2018 agus 2019, roimh na paindéime Covid-19. Bíonn tuarastail níos airde agus caighdeán maireachtála níos fearr san Astráil ag mealladh daoine óga ó Éirinn.
Aoife Cawley

Is ealaíontóir priontála agus teicstíle í Aoife Cawley, a rugadh i gContae Chill Dara, Éire. Tá sí lonnaithe i nDún Déagh, Albain, faoi láthair, áit ar bhain sí céim amach i gCleachtas Ealaíne Comhaimseartha ó Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design i 2024. Tugann a saothar tábhacht dá scéal agus dá traidisiún, le fócas ar stair, miotaseolaíocht agus naomhsheanchas.
D'fhreastail Cawley ar Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design, in Ollscoil Dhún Déagh, agus bhain sí céim onórach amach i gCleachtas Ealaíne Comhaimseartha sa bhliain 2024. Chomh maith leis sin, bronnadh scoláireacht John Kinross ón Royal Scottish Academy uirthi i 2024, rud a lig di am a chaitheamh i bhFlórênsa chun taighde agus fhorbairt a cleachtais ealaíonta a chur chun cinn.
Tá cáil ar shaothar Aoife Cawley mar gheall ar an mbealach ar chumascann sí eilimintí traidisiúnta na hEalaíne Ceiltí agus an Chaitliceachais le modhanna comhaimseartha priontála agus bróidnithe. Is minic a dhíríonn a cuid oibre ar fhigiúirí stairiúil agus diaganta, amhail Naoimh na hÉireann, agus tá tionchar an Ghluaiseacht Ealaíne agus Ceardaíochta le sonrú go soiléir ina cuid oibre.
I measc a cuid oibre is aitheanta, tá The Land of Saints and Scholars, sraith priontála a tharraingíonn inspioráid ó lámhhscríbhinní soilsithe meánaoiseacha amhail Leabhar Cheanannais, agus a thaispeánann saolta agus scéalta naoimh na hÉireann. Tá sé mar aidhm aici scéalta traidisiúnta a athinsint i gcomhthéacs nua-aimseartha, ag baint úsáide as dathanna geala neoin agus patrúin ghrafacha láidre.
D'fhreastail Cawley ar thaispeántais ealaíne éagsúla in Éirinn agus in Albain, lena n-áirítear taispeántas in onóir na Bríde in King John’s Castle, Luimneach, i 2023.
I measc a cuid tionscadail is suntasaí, tá:
Toghadh Cawley mar an seachtú healaíontóir cónaithigh in Creative Spark, Dúin Dealgan, i 2024, áit a raibh sí ag déanamh taighde ar Naoimh na hÉireann agus ar an Táin Bó Cúilnge. Chomh maith leis sin, bhuaigh sí scoláireacht John Kinross, rud a chuir ar a cumas staidéar a dhéanamh i bhFlórênsa, an Iodáil, i 2024.
Meascann Cawley an sean agus an nua, ag tógáil inspioráide ó Harry Clarke, Phoebe Anna Traquair, agus gluaiseachta Ealaíne agus Ceardaíochta na hÉireann. Bíonn a cuid oibre greannmhar agus suaithinseach, ag tabhairt athinsint ar scéalta seanda i mbealach comhaimseartha, geal agus fuinniúil.
Tá baint ag Cawley leis an nGluaiseacht Nua-Cheiltigh, a chuimsíonn ealaíontóirí agus dearthóirí comhaimseartha a bhfuil spéis acu in athbheochan chultúrtha na hÉireann agus san ealaín tréadisiúnta. Le díograis i leith scéalaíocht na hÉireann, tá sí ag spreagadh glúna nua ealaíontóirí le modhanna comhaimseartha a chur i bhfeidhm chun cultúr agus stair na hÉireann a chaomhnú.
Tá obair Aoife Cawley le feiscint ar a suíomh gréasáin pearsanta agus ar a cuntais meáin shoisialta, mar a roinneann sí forbairt a cuid tionscadal agus a cuid saothar lena lucht leanúna.
Whitney Houston

B'amhránaí popcheoil í Whitney Elizabeth Houston (9 Lúnasa 1963, Newark, New Jersey, Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá - 11 Feabhra 2012, Beverly Hills, California). Bhí clú is cáil ar a guth láidir.
Is é "I Will Always Love" ceann de na hamhráin is rathúla a bhí ag Whitney, a bhí sa scannán The Bodyguard (1992).
Phós sí Bobby Brown ar an 18 Iúil 1992. Bliain ina dhiaidh sin, tháinig a hiníon, Bobbi Kristina Houston Brown, ar an saol. Fuair Whitney agus Bobby colscaradh sa bhliain 2006.
D'éag Houston ar an 11 Feabhra 2012, in aois 50 di. Thóg sí ródháileog drugaí (cócaon) agus thángthas ar a corp i dtobán folctha sa Beverly Hilton. Ghnóthaigh Houston saibhreas as cuimse, agus bhí "saol an liomó bháin" aici mar a déarfá. Ach fós féin bhí sí chomh tugtha sin do na drugaí go raibh uirthi cuairt a thabhairt ar na ceantair ba shuaraí agus ba bhoichte chun a handúil a shásamh. Gabhadh í fiú sa bhliain 2000 agus le linn na 2000idí, chaill sí guaim agus tharraing sí fiacha troma uirthi féin.
Sa bhliain 2015, fuair a leanbh aonair anbhás ar an gcaoi chéanna ; thóg Bobbi Kristina Brown ródháileog drugaí agus thángthas uirthi i dtobán folctha ina bhaile féin. Fuair sí bás roimh am, 22 bliain d'aois, ar 26 Iúil 2015
Faoin am a raibh cáil dhomhanda bainte amach ag Houston mar amhránaí bhí tromlach dá comhghormaigh ann nach dtrasnódh an bóthar chun ceolchoirm léi a fheiceáil.
Cuireadh i leith Houston gur thug sí droim láimhe lena muintir féin. Ní raibh an ceol a chan sí 'gorm' go leor, dar leo. Mar sin níor thuill sí meas an phobail ghoirm sna Stáit Aontaithe. Fiú agus í ag tosú ar bhóthar an cheoil, bhíodh na djanna, go háirithe na gormaigh, ag fonóid fúithi.
Rinneadar mugadh magadh di agus de réir mar a chuaigh sí in airde réime is ea is mó a chuir siad ina leith go raibh sí tar éis a hanam a dhíol, an dubh a chur ina gheal uirthi féin, nach eiseamláir do ghormaigh óga in aon chor a bhí inti, go raibh a fréamhacha stoite aici, agus a pobal féin á thréigean aici.