davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Central Elevated Walkway

The Central Elevated Walkway is an extensive footbridge network spanning Admiralty, Central and parts of Sheung Wan, near Victoria Harbour in Hong Kong.
The system was built in phases by the Hong Kong Government and various developers, such as Hongkong Land, Jardine Matheson Holdings and Shun Tak Holdings. It has escalators and staircases for access. Parts of it are air-conditioned. There is another system in Admiralty that is currently not connected to the Central system.
In the 1970s, Hongkong Land built a footbridge over Connaught Road to facilitate pedestrian access between Connaught Place (today's Jardine House), Swire House (today's Chater House) and the General Post Office. The developer also built many footbridges between its buildings which were under construction.
In the 1980s, after Exchange Square was completed, the government built a footbridge to connect to Hongkong Land's network; it ran west along the harbourfront to connect Central Piers and Shun Tak Centre. Other buildings along Queen's Road Central, such as Standard Chartered Bank Building and Central Tower, were also connected to the system.
In 1993, the Central–Mid-Levels escalator came into operation, and Hang Seng Bank Building was connected.
In 1998, the International Finance Centre and Airport Express Hong Kong station were completed and brought into the network.
After 2000, the government built a bridge between World-Wide House and Exchange Square.
Gabaldon School Buildings

The Gabaldon School Buildings, or simply the Gabaldons, were built during the American colonial era in the Philippines. They were inspired by the bahay kubo and bahay na bato, traditional houses of the Philippines. As of about 2024, there were 2,045 Gabaldon Schoolhouses in the country.
In 1907, the Philippine Assembly passed the Gabaldon Law (Act No. 1801), written by Isauro Gabaldón. The law provided ₱1 million for the construction of public schools from 1908 to 1915.
The Gabaldons were built by the American colonial Insular Government of the Philippine Islands. To aid in the swift construction of schools 20 prototype "standard plans" were designed by American architect William E. Parsons. Building shapes were either straight, L-shaped or U-shaped with courtyards in front or in the middle.
The school buildings were executed in three styles:
The buildings are contemporary in design for the time with elements drawn from the bahay kubo and bahay na bato architecture.
From January 18, 2019, the Gabaldons are protected under the Gabaldon School Buildings Conservation Act (Republic Act No. 11194) signed by President Rodrigo Duterte. Under the law, the "modification, alteration, destruction, demolition or relocation" of Gabaldon buildings is illegal, and local government units must protect and conserve of such buildings under their jurisdiction.
The Gabaldons are further protected by being designated cultural properties under National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009.
Boondocks

The boondocks is an American expression from the Tagalog (Filipino) word bundók ("mountain"). It originally referred to a remote rural area, but now, is often applied to an out-of-the-way area considered backward and unsophisticated by city-folk. It can also occasionally refer to a mountain in both Filipino and American context.
The expression was introduced to American English by U.S. military personnel fighting in the Philippine–American War (1899–1902). It derives from the Tagalog word "bundók", which means "mountain". According to military historian Paul A. Kramer, the term originally had "connotations of bewilderment and confusion", due to the guerrilla warfare in which the soldiers were engaged.
In the Philippines, the word bundók is also a colloquialism referring to rural inland areas, which are usually mountainous and difficult to access, as most major cities and settlements in the Philippines are located in lowlands or near the coastline. Equivalent terms include the Spanish-derived probinsiya ("province") and the Cebuano term bukid ("mountain"). When used generally, the term refers to a mountainous area with a connotation of being rustic or uncivilized. When referring to people (taga-bundok or probinsiyano in Tagalog; taga-bukid in Cebuano; English: "someone who comes from the mountains/provinces"), it is sometimes used to connote a stereotype of naive or boorish countryside dwellers.
The term evolved into American slang to refer to the countryside or isolated rural/wilderness area, regardless of topography or vegetation. Similar slang or colloquial words are "the sticks", "the wops", "the backblocks", or "Woop Woop" in Australia, "the wop-wops" in New Zealand, "bundu" in South Africa (unrelated to "boondocks" or "bundok"), "out in the weeds" in New Brunswick and "out in the tules" in California. The diminutive "boonies" can be heard in films about the Vietnam War such as Brian De Palma's Casualties of War (1989) used by American soldiers to designate rural areas of Vietnam.
Boondocking refers to camping with a recreational vehicle (RV) in a remote location without the electricity, water, or sewer infrastructure that is available at campgrounds or RV parks.
Assam-type architecture

Assam-type architecture also known as "Beton" or "Baton" is an architectural style developed in the state of Assam in India during the late modern period. It is found in Assam and Sylhet region. The houses constructed using this style are generally termed as Assam-type houses, consisting usually one or more storeys. The houses are built to be earthquake proof, and are made from materials ranging from wood and bamboo to steel and concrete.
Before the arrival of the British in India, affluent families in Assam lived in expensive, elaborately constructed houses, while the others survived in huts made from mud-plastered bamboo walls and thatched roofs. With the knowledge of and access to modern science, British engineers assessed the natural environment and designed and constructed buildings that are now known as Assam-type buildings.
The present-day Assam-type buildings are a result of architectural changes that were introduced in colonial Assam.
Buildings are constructed on both flat and sloped terrains. On flat grounds, the buildings are typically rectangular or L or C layout. On other surfaces, such as highlands, they are usually rectangular in shape, accessed via the hillside. The roof is typically erected by high gables to overcome heavy rainfall in the region, where walls are usually timber-framed, plastered with cement. With high ceilings and well-ventilated rooms, the floorings are either wooden or concrete with tiled, mosaic or stone surfacing with stilts.
The general design of a residential building incorporates a living room, verandah, kitchen, besides bedrooms and bathrooms. Some may additionally feature long corridors, connecting rooms, especially buildings such as schools and colleges.
சிறந்த தென்னிந்திய அறிமுக நடிகருக்கான பிலிம்பேர் விருது

சிறந்த தென்னிந்திய அறிமுக நடிகருக்கான பிலிம்பேர் விருது என்பது பிலிம்பேர் என்ற இதழால் ஆண்டுதோறும் தென்னிந்திய பிலிம்பேர் விருதுகள் பிரிவின் கீழ் தென்னிந்திய மொழித் திரைப்படங்களில் அறிமுகமாகும் புதிய நடிகருக்கு வழங்கப்படும் விருதாகும்.
சிறந்த நடிகருக்கான பிலிம்பேர் விருது – தமிழ்

சிறந்த நடிகருக்கான பிலிம்பேர் விருது – தமிழ் என்பது பிலிம்பேர் என்ற இதழால் 1972 ஆம் ஆண்டு முதல் வருடாந்தம் தென்னிந்திய பிலிம்பேர் விருதுகள் பிரிவின் கீழ் வழங்கப்படும் விருதாகும். இவ்விருது தமிழகத் திரைப்படத்துறையில் சிறப்பான நடிப்பை வெளிப்படுத்தும் நடிகருக்கு வழங்கப்படுகிறது.
பெருமாள் (திரைப்படம்)

பெருமாள் என்பது சுந்தர் சி., நமிதா, மீனாட்சி, விவேக் ஆகியோர் நடிப்பில் 2009 ஆம் ஆண்டு வெளியான தமிழ்த் திரைப்படமாகும். இத்திரைப்படம் வணிக நோக்கில் தோல்வியைத் தழுவிய படம் ஆகும்.
சிறந்த திரைப்படத்துக்கான பிலிம்பேர் விருது - தமிழ்

சிறந்த திரைப்படத்துக்கான பிலிம்பேர் விருது - தமிழ் என்பது பிலிம்பேர் என்ற இதழால் 1963 ஆம் ஆண்டு முதல் வருடாந்தம் தென்னிந்திய பிலிம்பேர் விருதுகள் பிரிவின் கீழ் வழங்கப்படும் விருதாகும். இவ்விருது தமிழகத் திரைப்படத்துறையில் சிறந்த திரைப்படதிற்கு வழங்கப்படுகிறது.
சிறந்த இசையமைப்பாளருக்கான பிலிம்பேர் விருது - தமிழ்

சிறந்த இசையமைப்பாளருக்கான பிலிம்பேர் விருது - தமிழ் என்பது பிலிம்பேர் என்ற இதழால் 1990 ஆம் ஆண்டு முதல் வருடாந்தம் தென்னிந்திய பிலிம்பேர் விருதுகள் பிரிவின் கீழ் வழங்கப்படும் விருதாகும். இவ்விருது தமிழகத் திரைப்படத்துறையில் சிறந்த இசையமைப்பாளருக்காக வழங்கப்படுகிறது.
1992 முதல் 2000 ஆண்டுவரை தொடர்ந்து 9 விருதுகள் உட்பட மொத்தம் 17 விருதுகளை பெற்று ஏ. ஆர். ரகுமான் முதலிடம் வகிக்கிறார். 5 முறை விருதுகள் பெற்ற ஹாரிஸ் ஜயராஜ் அதிகமுறை விருதுகளை பெற்றவர் பட்டியலில் இரண்டாவது இடத்தைப் பெறுகிறார்.
4ஜி (திரைப்படம்)

4ஜி வெங்கட் பக்கர் இயக்கத்தில், ஜி. வி. பிரகாஷ் குமார், காயத்ரி சுரேஷ், சுரேஷ் சந்திர மேனன் உள்ளிட்டோரின் நடிப்பில் வெளியாகவுள்ள தமிழ்திரைப்படம். இத்திரைப்படம் ஜி. வி. பிரகாஷ் குமாரின் இசையில், டி. வி. தருண்பாலாஜி ஒளிப்பதிவில், லியோ ஜான் பாலின் படத்தொகுப்பில் உருவாகி வருகின்றது. இத்திரைப்படத்தின் படப்பணிகள் 2016இல் தொடங்கின.
இத்திரைப்படத்தின் படப்பிடிப்புப்பணிகள் 2016இல் தொடங்கின. இப்படத்தின் இயக்குநர் வெங்கட் பக்கர் இயக்குநர் ஷங்கரிடம் பணியாற்றியவர். ஜி. வி. பிரகாஷ் குமாரும் சதீசும் இப்படத்தில் பணியாற்ற ஒப்பந்தமான பிறகு 2016இல் இப்படத்திற்கான தொடக்கவிழா நடைபெற்றது. தன் மற்ற திரைப்படங்களின் பணிகளுக்கு ஊடாக இப்படத்தில் நடிப்பதாக பிரகாஷ் குமார் தெரிவித்துள்ளார். பல தமிழ்ப்படங்களில் 1990ஆம் ஆண்டு வாக்கில் நடித்துள்ள சுரேஷ் சந்திர மேனன் இப்படத்தில் நடித்துள்ளார். இத்திரைப்படத்தின் படப்பிடிப்பு ஐதராபாத்தில் நவம்பர் 2016இல் தொடங்கியது.
ரிலையன்ஸ் ஜியோ

play of vaipu ullatha RCB ku
ரிலையன்ஸ் ஜியோ (Reliance Jio) ரிலையன்ஸ் இன்டஸ்ட்ரீஸ் நிறுவனத்தின் தொலைத்தொடர்பு சேவை பிரிவு ஆகும். ரிலையன்ஸ் ஜியோ நிறுவனம் இந்தியா முழுவதும் 4ஜி சேவைகளை வழங்க உரிமம் பெற்றுள்ளது. தற்போது சோதனை அடிப்படையில் இயங்கிவருகிறது.
170 நாட்களில் 10 கோடி வாடிக்கையாளர்களை பெற்றிருந்த ஜியோ நிறுவனம், கடந்த இரண்டரை ஆண்டுகளில் சுமார் 30 கோடி வாடிக்கையார்களை கடந்துள்ளது.
இந்தியா தொலைத்தொடர்பு சந்தையில் ரிலையன்ஸ் ஜியோ இரண்டாம் இடத்திற்கு முன்னேறியுள்ளது. தற்போது ஜியோ 30.6 கோடி பயனாளர்களை பெற்றுள்ளது. இந்த சாதனையை கடந்த இரண்டரை ஆண்டுகளில் இதனை படைத்துள்ளது. வோடபோன் ஐடியா கூட்டு நிறுவனம் முதன்மையான டெலிகாம் நிறுவனமாக விளங்குகின்றது. ஏர்டெல் நிறுவனம் மூன்றாவது இடத்தில் உள்ளது.
லூன் திட்டம்

லூன் திட்டம் (Project Loon) என்பது உலகில் இணைய சேவை இல்லாத நாட்டுப்புறங்கள், மற்றும் தொலைவிடக் கிராமங்களுக்கு இணைய சேவை வழங்குவதற்கு கூகுள்-எக்சு நிறுவனத்தினால் ஆரம்பிக்கப்பட்டுள்ள ஓர் திட்டம் ஆகும். வானின் படைமண்டலத்தில் 18 கிமீ உயரமளவில் வைக்கப்படும் உயர்-வானிலை பலூன்களை இத்திட்டம் பயன்படுத்துகிறது. இதன் மூலம் 4ஜி-எல்டிஈ வரையான வேகத்துடன் கம்பியில்லா இணைய இணைப்பை வழங்க முடியும்.
இலங்கையில் இத்திட்டம் 2016 பெப்ரவரி 16 ஆம் நாள் ஆரம்பித்து வைக்கப்பட்டது. மூன்று ஊதுபைகள் இலங்கையின் வான்வெளியில் பறக்கவிடப்பட்டது. இவை விமானம் பறக்கும் வான்வெளிக்கும் மேலே உயரத்தின் பறக்கும்படி செய்யப்பட்டது.
2ஜி

2ஜி (2G) அல்லது இரண்டாம் தலைமுறை என்று சுருக்கமாக, பரவலாகக் குறிப்பிடப்படுவது கம்பியில்லாத் தொலைத்தொடர்புத் தொழில்நுட்பத்தில் கண்ட இரண்டாம் தலைமுறை முன்னேற்றங்களை அடைக்கிய தொலைபேசி அமைப்பாகும். இரண்டாம் தலைமுறை அலைபேசி தொலைதொடர்பு பிணையங்கள் முதன்முதலாக 1991ஆம் ஆண்டு ஜி. எசு. எம் அமைப்பில் பின்லாந்தைச் சேர்ந்த ரேடியோலிஞ்சா (தற்போது எலிசா ஓய்யுடன் இணைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது) துவங்கியது.
முந்தைய தலைமுறை தொலைதொடர்பு அமைப்புகளைவிட 2ஜி மூன்று விதங்களில் மேம்பட்டிருந்தது:
இம்முறை செயலாக்காக்கப்பட்டபின் முந்தைய அலைபேசி அமைப்புகள் 1ஜி என வழங்கப்படலாயிற்று. 1ஜி அமைப்புகளில் வானொலி குறிப்பலைகள் அலைமருவி முறையில் வேலை செய்தன; இரண்டாம் தலைமுறையில் இவை எண்மருவி முறையில் இருந்தன. இரு தலைமுறைகளிலும் வான்வழி கோபுர குறிப்பலைகளை பிற தொலைபேசி அமைப்புகளுடன் இணைக்கும் முறை எண்மருவி முறையிலேயே இருந்தன.
இரண்டாம் தலைமுறை படிப்படியாக வளர்ச்சி கண்டு 2.5ஜி,2.75ஜி, 3ஜி, 4ஜி என முன்னேறி உள்ளது. இருப்பினும் உலகின் பல பகுதிகளிலும் 2ஜி பயன்படுத்தப்பட்டு வருகிறது.
இந்தியாவின் தற்போதைய அலைபேசிப் பிணையங்கள் 1ஜி முறையில் அறிமுகமாகி தற்போது 2ஜி முறையில் இயங்குகின்றன. 3ஜி அமைப்புகள் புதியதாக உருவாக்கப்பட்டு வருகின்றன.
இரண்டாம் தலைமுறை அலைக்கற்றை முறைகேடு
JioPhone

JioPhone is a feature phone marketed by Jio which runs the KaiOS operating system. It supports 4G LTE network and comes with KaiOS. It was announced on 21 July 2017 during Reliance Industries' annual general meeting of that year and released in August 2017. It was succeeded by the JioPhone 2 in August 2018.
The JioPhone has a 2.4-inch TFT display with a resolution of 240 × 320, a 2-megapixel rear camera and a 0.3-megapixel front camera. It comes with 512 MB of RAM and 4 GB of internal storage, expandable with a microSD card with storage of up to 128 GB, and support for 4G LTE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and NFC. Its processor is a 1 GHz dual-core Spreadtrum SC9820A with a Mali-400 GPU and its battery is removable and has a capacity of 2000 mAh
JioPhone runs the KaiOS operating system. It also has support for Facebook and YouTube.
LYF

LYF (pronounced "life"), also known as Jio LYF, is an Indian brand of smartphones, laptops, consumer electronics developed by Jio and headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. It manufactures 4G-enabled VoLTE smartphones which run on Android. It is a subsidiary of Jio, the telecommunication arm of Reliance Industries.
According to Counterpoint Research, LYF was the fifth largest smartphone player and second largest LTE phone supplier in India in 2016.
LYF was established in 2015 by the telecom operator, Jio. Marketed closely along with Jio's 4G services, smartphones under the brand were slated to launch in November 2015. In January 2016, it launched its first set of 4G-enabled smartphones named after the four classical elements: Earth, Flame (Fire), Water, and Wind.
In May 2016, international market tracker Counterpoint Research reported that LYF had become the fifth-largest smartphone producer in the Indian market, capturing a 7% share in the January–March quarter of the financial year 2015-16. It was the second-largest LTE phone supplier after Samsung, surpassing Micromax and Lenovo during the quarter. "In first quarter of its inception, LYF instantly climbed to become one of the top five smartphone brands in India in terms of shipment volumes," Tarun Pathak, senior analyst at Counterpoint said in the report. Reliance Digital had shipped around 1.7 million LYF branded smartphones in the first quarter of 2016.
In October 2015, LYF tied up with domestic handset maker Intex to supply 4G handsets enabled with voice over LTE (VoLTE) feature. In January 2016, it launched its first set of smartphones - LYF Earth 1, LYF Water 1, and LYF Water 2.
LYF smartphones are manufactured by Chinese handset maker ZTE Corporation, Intex, as well as ODMs like CK Telecom Limited, Wingtech, and Wiko. As of early 2016, it has been reported that 600 thousand smartphones have been supplied to LYF by ZTE.
LYF phones are directly sold through its retail outlets. In February 2016, LYF tied up with app-based delivery service Grofers and online retailer Amazon to deliver its phones to users.
Round2hell

Round2hell (often styled as R2H) is an Indian YouTube channel and comedy group consisting of the trio Zayn Saifi, Nazim Ahmed, and Wasim Ahmad from Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh. Launched in October 2016, the trio is known for producing sketch comedy videos, short films and science fiction content in Hindi.
Their other channel Round2hell Vlog is dedicated to vlogs and travel-related content. They are widely considered among the most popular and highest-paid YouTubers in India.
Round2hell was launched on October 20, 2016, by childhood friends Zayn Saifi, Nazim Ahmed, and Wasim Ahmad, all hailing from Moradabad.
Initially, the group experimented with football montage videos, which received limited attention. Their shift to comedy sketches marked a turning point, with their 15th video, "Jio Users After 31st March," going viral in 2017 due to its timely commentary on the end of Reliance Jio’s free data offer.
The name "Round2hell" reportedly originated from a spontaneous idea by Zayn Saifi, inspired by a drifting incident he likened to a "round to hell," though the trio has stated it was chosen somewhat arbitrarily.
Over time, the channel expanded its scope to include narrative-driven short films and science fiction themes, alongside its comedic roots.
The original core members of Round2hell are Zayn Saifi, Wasim Ahmad, and Nazim Ahmed. While they often collaborate with additional actors and crew for their short films and videos, these individuals are not considered part of the main group.
Round2hell’s content primarily consists of Hindi-language comedy sketches, often featuring exaggerated characters and relatable scenarios drawn from Indian daily life.
Themes include friendship, family dynamics, romance, and societal quirks, delivered with a mix of slapstick humor and witty dialogue.
The group has also ventured into longer-form content, such as the short films Zombie the Living Dead (2021), 1959 (2021), and Age of Water (2022), which blend comedy with thriller, drama, and science fiction elements.
They have been invited to events like YouTube FanFest in Delhi, marking their transition from online creators to recognised entertainers.
In 2023, they collaborated with Netflix India for a promotional video, "Is Time Travel Possible?" and received the Sketch Comedy Creator of the Year award at Creators United 2023.
The group operates a secondary channel, Round2hell Vlog, dedicated to travel and personal updates.
Round2hell has grown into one of India’s most subscribed YouTube channels, surpassing 35 million subscribers by 2025.
Several of their videos, including "Aladdin" and "Mauka Mauka India vs Pakistan," have exceeded 100 million views, reflecting their broad appeal.
Dainik Jagran and various other media portals listed them amongst “Most Popular YouTubers In India”.
Chegg India and DNA India mentioned them among “India’s highest-paid YouTubers”.
In 2021, YouTube announced that Zombie: The Living Dead, a 40-minute horror-comedy film by Round2Hell, was the most trending video of 2021. Additionally, they were also named as one of the top content creators of that year.
Ssumier Pasricha

Ssumier S Pasricha is an Indian actor, singer and businessman. He has starred in Indian movies, TV soaps and theater musicals. He is popularly known for his character 'Pammi Aunty' and has created viral videos with the same. Ssumier has won various awards worldwide including the Bharat Shiromani Award for this acting.
Ssumier comes from a Punjabi family in Delhi. He received 5 years of training in Indian classical dance (Kuchipudi) from famous dance gurus, Raja and Radha Reddy and 13 years of training in Indian classical music. He went to Australia for higher studies where he worked as a Radio Jockey at a local radio station and became an active member of Indian Society of Western Australia. Ssumier declined the offer to join his family business to pursue his childhood dream of becoming an actor. He moved to Mumbai to take up acting as his full-time career. However, post his father's demise, Ssumier took up a new role of a businessman and joined his family business of Pharmaceuticals with a new aim of taking it to newer heights.
Ssumier has worked across different mediums and has tasted success in the industry over the years. He also portrayed the role of "Shailu" in the TV soap, Sasural Simar Ka, and played the transgender protagonist Manabi Bandyopadhyay (who became a principal of a college) in TV show Code Red. His international projects include theatre musicals like 'Jesus Christ Super Star and Heart to Heart'. He has worked with director, Shekhar Kapur, in the musical 'Mahim Junction'. He has starred alongside actor Abhishek Bacchan in a TV commercial for the mobile network operator Idea Cellular. Ssumier also features on comedy TV show Comedy Nights Bachao.
Ssumier has gained popularity for creating viral videos based on a fictional character 'Pammi Aunty'-- impersonation of a typical middle-class Delhi Punjabi woman who loves to gossip, crib and complain about many things to her friends over the phone. Ssumier came up with the idea of creating 'Pammi Aunty' while experimenting with filters in the video social media app, Snapchat. Celebrities such as veteran actor, Rishi Kapoor, and British-Indian director Gurinder Chadha, have publicly appreciated the 'Pammi Aunty' videos.
Ssumier is also a professional photographer. He has done photoshoots for magazines such as National Geographic. His photos have been carried by other international magazines in Spain, Australia and New Zealand.
Jordan Tourism has collaborated with Ssumier to drive more Indian tourists to the country. Ssumier has been asked to make promotional videos starring Pammi Aunty to showcase the tourist attractions in Jordan.
Ssumier has been associated with the educational online platform Agents of Ishq, which provides educational material about sex, sexuality, and gender. He made a 'Pammi Aunty' video to de-stigmatize homosexuality in India.
He has also supported AIDS awareness initiatives such as Red Ribbon campaign in India.
In a video appeal, he urged Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, to take action for crimes against women in Delhi
Idea Cellular

Idea Cellular was an Indian telecommunications company based at Mumbai, Maharashtra. It was an integrated GSM operator and had 220.00 million subscribers as of June 2018.
In 2018 Idea Cellular merged with Vodafone India into Vodafone Idea.
Idea Cellular was incorporated as Birla Communications in 1995 after GSM licenses were won in Gujarat and Maharashtra circles. The company name was changed to Idea Cellular and the brand Idea was introduced in 2002 after a series of name changes following mergers and joint ventures with Grasim Industries, AT&T Corporation and Tata Group. Following the exit of AT&T Corporation and Tata Group from the joint venture in 2004 and 2006 respectively, Idea Cellular became a subsidiary of Aditya Birla Group. Malaysia based Axiata had bought around 20% stake in the company in 2008 for US$2 billion.
Idea previously bought a 40.8% stake in Spice Telecom, for over ₹2,700 crore.
The entry of Jio in 2016 had led to various mergers and consolidations in the Indian telecom sector. It was announced in March 2017 that even Idea Cellular and Vodafone India would be merged. The merger got approval from Department of Telecommunications in July 2018. On August 30, 2018, National Company Law Tribunal gave the final nod to the Vodafone-Idea merger The merger was completed on 31 August 2018, and the newly merged entity was named Vodafone Idea. The merger created the largest telecom company in India by subscribers and by revenue. Under the terms of the deal, the Vodafone Group holds a 45.2% stake in the combined entity, the Aditya Birla Group holds 26% and the remaining shares will be held by the public.
On 7 September 2020, Vodafone Idea unveiled this new brand identity, Vi, which involved the integration of the company's erstwhile separate brands Vodafone India and Idea Cellular into one unified brand.
In the 2010 3G spectrum auction, Idea paid ₹57.68 billion (US$670 million) for spectrum in 11 circles. After the launch of MNP in India, Idea further strengthened its customer base because it was the mobile network with most net port-ins.
Idea Cellular owned spectrum in 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, 2100 MHz, 2300 MHz and 2500 MHz bands across the country.
Note: The above table contains Vodafone Idea radio frequency details because they used to share their networks with each other via ICR (intra-circle roaming agreement) in some circles. For example, Idea had started giving its customers in Delhi access to 4G services in May 2018 via the Vodafone network.
Star Gold Network

Star Gold Network is a group of Indian Hindi-language pay television movie channels, owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Viacom18 and Disney India. With a total of eight channels, Star Gold broadcasts Hindi films and occasional sporting events in Hindi audio feed.
Star Gold was launched by Star India in 17 September 2000, as a part of Rupert Murdoch's media conglomerate, News Corporation. It was created to cater to the growing demand for Bollywood films on television. Star Gold is launched as a classic Hindi movie channel, airing a mix of old and new films.
In 2004, Star Gold rebrands to a mainstream Bollywood channel, focusing on recent blockbusters and popular stars.Star Gold becomes the most-watched Hindi movie channel in India.
In 2011, Star Gold launches its HD feed.
Star India launches a new movies channel Star Gold Select in 2017. The Walt Disney Company acquires 21st Century Fox, including Star India. Later, MoviesOK was rebranded to Star Gold 2. Star Gold is rebranded as Utsav Gold in UK and Europe. In 2023, Star Gold Romance focuses on Romantic Movies. UTV Movies was replaced with this channel and UTV Action was replaced with Star Gold Thrills on 15 March 2023.
Star Gold is a flagship movie channel launched in 2000. It focuses on showcasing a wide variety of Bollywood films, including blockbuster releases, critically acclaimed cinema, and popular classics.
Star Gold 2 is an Indian Hindi-language movie pay television channel owned by JioStar which serves as a sister channel to Star Gold. While its SD feed was launched first as a replacement for Movies OK, its HD feed has replaced UTV HD.
Star Gold Select is an Indian Hindi language movie pay television channel. It Replaced Star Movies Action owned by JioStar which primarily telecasts critically acclaimed movies.
Star Gold Thrills is an Indian Hindi language movie television channel owned by JioStar which primarily telecasts Hollywood action-based movies, dubbed in Hindi. Also telecasting Hindi language film in genres of action, suspense, thriller and horror from Disney Star (as Star Studios). It replaced UTV Action.
Star Gold Romance, launched in 2023, is a dedicated movie channel featuring romantic Bollywood films. This specialized channel curates films that highlight themes of love, relationships, and emotions, targeting audiences who enjoy romance-centric cinema. Before its current identity, it was formerly known as UTV Movies during its early operation under UTV’s portfolio, prior to its integration and rebranding under Disney Star.
Hungama TV

Hungama TV is an Indian television channel aimed at children, mainly showcasing Japanese and Indian animated series. It was launched on 26 September 2004. It is wholly owned and operated by JioStar. The channel primarily airs Japanese kids animation with some other children's television series in Hindi, Tamil, Telugu.
UTV and Ronnie Screwvala formed United Home Entertainment with 51% and 49% ownership interests, respectively. The company was formed to launch an Indian kids channel. It hired TAG for channel packaging. Chief Operating Officer Purnendu Bose was hired and was expected to hire 100 employees for the channel. Rs 100 crore was the expected initial investment with expectations of break even in three years. On 25 September 2004, Hungama TV started broadcasting as the first domestic kids channel in India.
In March, 2005, one of the UTV founders, Zarina Mehta became Hungama's head of programming. In early 2006, she was promoted to chief operating officer of the channel.
In July, 2006, Disney India acquired a controlling stake in Hungama TV from UTV Software Communications while also taking a 14.9% share in UTV. In 2006, Disney acquired Hungama TV from UTV.
The channel started with both live-action and animated programming but, following the success of Doraemon, gradually shifted its focus to solely animated programming. In 2013, Hungama started adding original Indian series as a part of a localisation strategy.
In October 2021, it was announced that the channel would gain an HD simulcast, alongside a sister network named Super Hungama, a rebranding of Marvel HQ. However on 30 November, the planned launch date of 11 December was then delayed to 1 March 2022. Hungama TV's sister, Super Hungama, was officially launched on 1 March 2022, replacing Marvel HQ.
A Hindi dub of the Shin Chan anime started airing on Hungama TV on 19 June 2006, and it gained up to 60% of the channel's market share. There were complaints from parents over the main character's behaviour and the attitudes exhibited towards elders on the show, both of which were seen as a negative influence on children. This resulted in the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting banning the show in 2008, and requiring the series to be censored when fans made several requests to have it brought back.
Nokia 8110 4G

The Nokia 8110 4G is a Nokia-branded mobile phone developed by HMD Global. It was announced on 25 February 2018 at Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2018 in , China, as a revival of the original Nokia 8110, which was popularly known as the "Matrix phone" or "banana phone". The phone is Dual SIM capable even though it is limited to 2G in one slot, while running both SIM cards. It runs on an operating system based on KaiOS.
Firmware version 11 added Google services like Google Search, YouTube, Google Maps and Google Assistant. This was arranged through the company's partnership with Google.
Since firmware version 13, a Twitter app is also installed by default.
In firmware version 15, the WhatsApp and Facebook apps were made available via Store.
The phone works on many systems in Europe. It has not worked on AT&T since February 2021, when the company switched to 3G only.
Pocong

Pocong, utawa pocongan iku istilah sing ngrujuk menyang mayit kebungkus ing kain kafan. Istilah asalé saka basa Jawa, nanging banjur nggunakaké siji wis nyebar ing basa Indonesia. Kain kafan dingge ana ing awake mayit sawisé diadusi, lan bolongan kapitu saka awak utama (sapasang mata, sapasang bolongan irung, sapasang bolongan kuping, lan bolongan kanggo bebuang) ditutup ngangge kapuk.
Pocong asring katon minangka salah siji wujud saka memedi sing ana ing Indonesia , lan cukup kuat maringi warno ing genre film horor nasional.
Pocong (memedi)

Pocong, uga dikenal minangka hantu guling, yaiku hantu Indonesia lan Malaysia sing diarani minangka jiwa wong sing mati sing kepepet ing kafane. Dikenal ing Indonesia / Malaysia minangka kain mori, kain kafan kasebut minangka kain sing diwenehake kanggo panguburan cara islam kanggo mbungkus mayit wong sing wis mati. Mayit kasebut ditutupi kain putih sing diikat ing endhas, ngisor sikil, lan gulu.
Miturut kapercayan tradisional, jiwa wong sing wis mati bakal tetep ana ing Bumi suwene 40 dina sawise tiwas. Yen ikatan kafan ora dibebasake sawise 40 dina, awak kasebut bakal ucul saka kuburan kanggo ngelingake yen jiwa kudu dibebasake. Sawise ikatan diluncurake, jiwa bakal ninggalake Donya ing salawas-lawase.
Kain mori

Kain mori iku kain tenun awerna putih sing kagawé saka kapas lan racaké kanggo bahan kanggo gawé kain bathik. Ana rong jinis kain mori ya iku kain mori sing wis ngalami prosès pamutihan utawa bleaching lan kain mori sing durung diputihaké. Kain sing durung diputihaké diarani uga kain blacu. Kain mori tau uga populèr banget minangka bahan sandhangan ya iku nalika éra 1960-1970an. Saliyané minangka bahan kain bathik, bahan iki uga dipigunakaké ing antarané minangka kain saringan tahu, kain kafan lan kain layar.
Anne de Montafie

Anne de Montafié, Pangeran Wanita Clermont-en-Beauvaisis (21 Juli 1577 – 17 Juni 1644) minangka pewaris Perancis lan uga bojoné Charles de Bourbon, Pangeran Soissons. Sawisé dhaup ing taun 1601, dhéwèké duwé gelar Pangeran Wanita Soissons. Dhéwèké ya iku Pangeran Wanita Clermont-enBeauvaisis, Pangeran Wanita Montafié, Ny Lucé lan Bonnétable karo haké dhéwèké.
Anne lair ana ing Lucé, Perancis, putri lan wakil pewaris Louis de Montafié, Pangeran Montafié, Maharaja Piedmont, Pangeran Carignano lan Jeanne de Coesme, Dame de Lucé lan de Bonnétable, dhéwèké minangka putri Louis de Coesme, Seigneur saking Lucé lan Anne de Pisseleu. Simbah pateral, Georges II, Pangèran Montafie minangka Ksatria Malta, lan kang duwé Kafan Turin; lan simbah putri maternalé ya iku ponakan Anne de Pisseleu, Adipati Wanita Étampes, gundik Raja Perancis.
Anné séda nalika 17 Juni 1644 ing Hotèl Hospitaller, Paris, boten dangu saking ambal warsanipun ingkang kaping 67. Piyambakipun dipunsarèkaken wonten pesaréan kulawarga Soissons, Gaillon. Putra ingkang satunggalipun, Louis séda ing perang, amargi boten gadhah keturunan ingkang sah, saéngga warisan Soissons dipunparingaken dhateng suo jure putrinipun, Marie, garwanipun Pangeran Carignano.
Torino

Torino (basa Italia: Torino, basa Inggris: Turin) iku kutha perindustrian, kalebu pusat bisnis lan kabudayan ing pérangan kulon-lor Italia, kutha krajan region Piemonte lan dumunung ing pinggir kulon Kali Po. Populasi kutha ya iku 908.000 (sensus 2004), banjur nambah dadi 1,7 yuta sing ndunungi, nanging wewengkon metropolitané sing ndunungi watara 2,2 yuta.
Torino misuwur minangka panggonan dunungé Kain Kafan saka Turin kang disimpen ing Katedral Santo Yohanes Pembaptis. Torino nduwé loro klub bal-balan kang misuwur, Juventus lan Torino Calcio. Liyané iku, Torino uga minangka panggonan markas perusahaan otomotif FIAT. Torino uga dadi tuan rumah Olimpiade mangsa anyep Torino 2006 lan Universiade Mangsa anyep 2007.
Jaman biyèn Torino tau dadi kutha krajan pisanan Italia.
Jeneng Torino asal saka tembung Tau, tembung sajeroning basa Celtic kang tegesé pagunungan. Sajeroning basa Italia, Torino tegesé "sapi cilik". Ing jaman pra-Romawi, wewengkon iki dipanggoni déning bangsa Taurini.
Ing abad kasiji sadurungé Masehi (kira-kira taun 28 SM), bangsa Romawi ngadegaké perkemahan militèr (Castra Taurinorum), kang didedikasèkaké marang kaisar Augustus (Augusta Taurinorum). Wektu iku, Torino dipanggoni déning 5.000 sing ndunungi, kabèh manggon ana ing jero témbok kang dhuwur.
Sawisé runtuh Karajaan Romawi, Torino dikuwasani déning bangsa Lombards, banjur déning bangsa Franks. Taun 942, Contea di Torino diyasa, lanwiwit taun 1050 dikuwasani déning Counts of Savoy.
Demonstrasi Mesir 2011

Demonstrasi Mesir 2011 iku dhémonstrasi gedhèn-gedhèn sing kadadéan ing Mesir nuntut supaya Présidhèn Hosni Mubarak sing kuwasa sajeroning 30 taun mundur saka jabatané. Aksi iki wujud salah siji aksi revolusi kaya sing kadadéan ing Tunisia Pamaréntah ngupaya ngleremaké para demonstran sing nggalang aksi saka internet kanthi cara ngendhegaké saluran internèt lan komunikasi nganti wates wektu sing durung ditemtokaké. Putra Présidhèn, Gamal Mubarak dilapuraké wis ninggal Mesir tumuju London bebarengan karo kulawarga.
Kutha Médan

Kutha Médan iku salah siji kutha ing provinsi Sumatra Lor uga dadi kutha krajan provinsi iki. Kutha iki mujudaké kutha paling gedhé katelu ing Indonésia sakwisé Jakarta lan Surabaya. Jembar wewengkon kutha iki ± 265,10 km², lan kutha paling gedhé sanjabané pulo Jawa.
Kutha Médan dina iki dibawahi Dzulmi Eldin minangka Wali kutha lan Akhyar Nasution minangka Wakil Wali kutha.
Wewengkon Kutha Médan kapéran dadi 21-kacamatan lan 151-kalurahan:
Revolusi Mesir 2011

Revolusi Mesir 2011 iku dhemonstrasi gedhèn sing kadadéan ing saindhenging tlatah Mesir nuntut supaya Présidhèn Hosni Mubarak sing wis kuwasa sajeroning 30 taun supaya mudhun saka jabatané. Aksi iki wujud salah siji aksi révolusi kaya sing kadadéan ing Tunisia Pamaréntah ngupaya ngedhegagké para dhemonstran sing nggalang aksi saka internet kanthi cara medhot saluran internèt lan komunikasi kanthi wates waktu sing durung ditemtokaké. Putra Présidhèn, Gamal Mubarak dilaporakè wis ninggal Mesir tumuju London bebarengan karo kulawarga.. Sawisé démonstrasi lumaku sajeroning 18 dina, wusanané Présidhèn Mubarak mundur ing tanggal 11 Fèbruari 2011.
Ismail Marzuki

Ismail Bin Marzuki (lair ing Kwitang, Senen, Batavia, 11 Mèi 1914 – pati ing Kampung Bali, Tanah Abang, Jakarta, 25 Mèi 1958 ing umur 44 taun) yaiku komponis gedhé Indonésia. Jenengé didadekaké minangka sawijiné pusat seni ing Jakarta yaiku Taman Ismail Marzuki (TIM) ing kawasan Salemba, Jakarta Pusat.
Ismail Marzuki lair dan gedhé ing Jakarta saka kulawarga Betawi.
Lagu ciptaané karya Ismail Marzuki kang paling populer yaiku Rayuan Pulau Kelapa kang digunakaké minangka lagu penutup pungkasan giyaran saka stasiun TVRI ing masa papréntahan Orde Baru.
Ismail Marzuki èntuk anugerah penghormatan taun 1968kanthi mbukak Taman Ismail Marzuki, sawijining taman lan pusat kebudayan ing Salemba, Jakarta Pusat. Ing taun 2004 dhèwèké dinobatké mdadi salah sawijiné tokoh pahlawan nasional Indonésia.
Dhèwèké sempet madekaké orkes Empat Sekawan. Kejaba iku dikenal publik nalika ngisi musik ing filem Terang Bulan.
Ismail Marzuki sasuwéné iki dipercaya karo masarakat Indonésia minangka pangripta lagu Halo, Halo Bandung kang kawentar. Lagu mau nggambarké gedhéné semangat rakyat Bandung ana ing prastawa Bandung Lautan Api. Nanging satemene sapa pangripta lagu mau kang satemené isih diperdebatkan karo sapéranga masarakat Indonésia.
Shroud

Shroud usually refers to an item, such as a cloth, that covers or protects some other object. The term is most often used in reference to burial sheets, mound shroud, grave clothes, winding-cloths or winding-sheets, such as the Jewish tachrichim or Muslim kaffan, that the body is wrapped in for burial. A famous example of this is the Shroud of Turin.
A traditional Jewish shroud consists of a tunic; a hood; pants that are extra-long and sewn shut at the bottom, so that separate foot coverings are not required; and a belt, which is tied in a knot shaped like the Hebrew letter shin, mnemonic of one of God's names, Shaddai. Traditionally, mound shrouds are made of white cotton, wool or linen, though any material can be used so long as it is made of natural fibre. Intermixture of two or more such fibres is forbidden, due to the prohibition of Shaatnez. A pious Jewish man may next be enwrapped in either his kittel or his tallit, one tassel of which is defaced to render the garment ritually unfit, symbolizing the fact that the decedent is free from the stringent requirements of the 613 mitzvot (commandments). The shrouded body is wrapped in a winding sheet, termed a sovev in Hebrew (a cognate of svivon, the spinning Hanukkah toy that is familiar under its Yiddish name, dreidel), before being placed directly in the earth (or in a plain coffin of soft wood where it is required by governing health codes).
The Early Christian Church also strongly encouraged the use of winding-sheets, except for monarchs and bishops. The rich were wrapped in cerecloths, which are fine fabrics soaked or painted in wax to hold the fabric close to the flesh. Early Christian shrouds incorporated a cloth, the sudarium, that covered the face, as depicted in traditional artistic representations of the entombed Jesus or his friend, Lazarus (John 11, q.v.). An account of the opening of the coffin of Edward I says that the "innermost covering seems to have been a very fine linen cerecloth, dressed close to every part of the body". The use of burial shrouds was general until at least the Renaissance – for much of history, a new set of clothing was an expensive purchase, so preparing the deceased in this manner ensured that a good set of clothes could be retained for further use by the family. In Europe in the Middle Ages, coarse linen shrouds were used to bury most poor without a coffin. In poetry shrouds have been described as of sable, and they were later embroidered in black, becoming more elaborate and cut like shirts or shifts.
Orthodox Christians still use a burial shroud, usually decorated with a cross and the Trisagion. The special shroud that is used during the Orthodox Holy Week services is called an Epitaphios. Some Christians also use the burial shroud, particularly the Catholics (Roman/Eastern), among others.
Muslims as well use burial shrouds that are made of white cotton or linen. The Burying in Woollen Acts 1666–80 in England were meant to support the production of woollen cloth.
Shrouds can also be used for cremation ceremonies in either a funeral home or crematorium.
Bintang Timur SoE Generation F.C.

Bintang Timur Atambua Football Club is an Indonesian football club based in Atambua, Belu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. They currently competes in the Liga 4.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
On 22 February 2025, Bintang Timur played a friendly match against a trial team for the Timor-Leste national football team. The match finished as a draw at 0–0.
Paskibraka

Paskibraka yaiku cekakan saka ukara Pasukan Pengibar Bendera Pusaka kanthi tugas mligi yaiku ngibarke duplikat bendera pusaka nalika ana ing upacara peringatan proklamasi kemerdekaan Indonésia ing Pura Negara. Anggotan paskibraka asalé saka pelajar Sekolah Lanjutan Tingkat Atas kelas 1 utawa kelas 2. Penyeleksian anggotane dianakake sakiwa-tengené sasi April kanggo persiapan pengibaran bendera ana ing tanggal 17 Agustus. Seleksi dilakokake ana ing tingkat wewengkon, provinsi, lan nasional.
Lambang saka organisasi paskibraka yaiku kembang teratai.
Gagasan Paskibraka lair nalika taun 1946, nalika iku kutha krajan Indonésia dipindahake menyang Yogyakarta. Kanggo meringati HUT Proklamasi Kemerdekaan RI kang kaping 1, Présidhèn Soekarno mrintahkan salah siji ajudanne yaiku Mayor (Laut) Husein Mutahar, kanggo nyiapake pengibaran gendéra pusaka ana ing halaman Pura Gedung Agung Yogyakarta.
Tahun 1967, Husein Mutahar diundang déning présidhèn kang wektu iku presidene yaiku Soekarno, kanggo ngurusi masalah pengibaran bendera pusaka. Kang gumathok saka ide kaleksanane ing taun 1946 ing Yogyakarta, sateruse iku dhèwèké jabarake manèh formasi pengibaran dadi 3 kelompok kang jenenge padha karo jumlah anggotane, yaiku:
SMA A.Wahid Hasyim Tebuireng

SMA A. Wahid Hasyim ya iku salah sawijining unit pandhidhikan kang ana ing Pondhok pesantrèn Tebu Ireng. Sanajan ana ing lingkungan Pesantrèn, sekolah iki uga kagolong sekolah umum. Amarga, ing sekolah iki uga ngajaraké wulangan-wulangan umum kaya ta Matematika, Fisika, Kimia, lan liya-liyané.
Sekolah iki diadhegké taun1975. SMA A. Wahid HAsyim Teburieng wis akèh nglulusaké siswa kang kasebar ing sanuswantara kanti manéka profesi wiwit saka Birokrat, Legislative, Pengusaha, Ulama, lan liya-liyané. Sekolah iki uga wis olèh akèh prestasi ing tingkat Lokal lan Regional. Sekolah iki uga wis éntuk Akréditasi A.
Barengan karo visi Pondhok pesantrèn Tebu Ireng, mula misi kang diemban SMA A. Wahid Hasyim ya iku:
SMA A. Wahid Hasyim duwé 2 jurusan, ya iku:
Kanti kurikulum Pesantrèn lan kurikulum Dèpdiknas, banjur siswa bakal duwé ijazah 2, ya iku saka Pesantrèn lan Depdiknas.
Lulu Zaharani

Lulu Zaharani Krisna Widodo (lair 16 Dhésèmber 2003) yaiku modhèl, atlit lan penggayuh gelar kontes kacantikan Indonesia kang dinobataké dadi Puteri Indonesia Pariwisata 2023. Lulu Zahrani bakal makili Indonesia ing kontes Miss Charm 2024 sing bakal dianakake ing Viètnam.
Lulu Zaharani lair tanggal 16 Dhésèmber 2003 ing kutha Bandar Lampung ing Lampung, Indonésia. Lulu Zahrani sampun lulus SMA saking SMAN 1 Tumijajar Kabupatèn Tulang Bawang Kulon. Saiki, dhèwèké dadi mahasiswa Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Bandar Lampung ing kutha Bandar Lampung, Lampung. Lulu Zahrani miwiti karir minangka pensiunan Paskibraka ing Provinsi Lampung ing taun 2019.
Lulu Zahrani miwiti karir kontes kecantikan kanthi melu Pemilihan Muli Mengnai Tulang Bawang Barat lan kapilih dadi Juara 1 Muli Tulang Bawang Barat 2020, banjur melu lomba duta Muli Mekhanai 2020 Kabupaten Tulang Bawang lan kasil kapilih dadi juara Muli Tulang Bawang 2022. Banjur ing Agustus 2022, Lulu kapilih dadi Muli Lampung 2022 ing sayembara Muli Mekhanai Provinsi Lampung 2022.
Ing pungkasan taun 2022, ora suwe sawise kapilih dadi Muli Lampung 2022, Lulu Zahrani wiwit melu kontès kecantikan kanthi melu lomba Puteri Indonesia Lampung 2023 tingkat provinsi kang digelar ing Hotel Radisson Bandar Lampung tanggal 24 Desember 2022. Ing pungkasan acara, dhèwèké kasil dipilih dadi juara. Sawise kasil nyekel gelar Puteri Indonesia Lampung 2023, Lulu nduweni hak kanggo makili provinsi Lampung ing lomba kecantikan nasional Puteri Indonesia 2023.
Sawisé kasil nyekel gelar Puteri Indonesia Lampung 2023, Lulu Zahrani dadi wakil provinsi Lampung ing lomba kecantikan nasional Puteri Indonesia 2023 kang digelar ing Plenary Hall, Jakarta Convention Center, Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta tanggal 19 Mei 2023.
Ing babak final, Lulu Zahrani ditakoni dening Ketua Dewan Penasehat Yayasan Puteri Indonesia, Putri Kuswisnu Wardani babagan apa bedane tumindak becik lan tumindak bener. Dhèwèké mangsuli ing basa Indonesia:
Ing pungkasan acara, Lulu Zahrani kasil dinobatake minangka Runner-Up 2 kanthi gelar Puteri Indonesia Pariwisata 2023 dening Adinda Cresheilla saka Jawa Wétan minangka juara sadurunge. Kajaba iku, dhèwèké uga entuk posisi ing 3 Besar kanggo Best Make-Up lan Best Evening Gown. Minangka Puteri Indonesia Pariwisata 2023, Lulu Zahrani nduweni hak kanggo saingan kanggo makili Indonesia ing kontes Miss Charm 2024.
Pribumi-Nusantara

Pribumi-Nusantara (bocah saka lemah/bhumi Nusantara), Pribumi-Indonesia, utawa Bumiputra-Indonesia yaiku istilah sing ngacu karo klompok penduduk ing Indonesia sing asale saka mbagi warisan sosial budaya sing padha lan dianggap minangka penduduk asli Indonesia.
Istilah "Pribumi" dhewe muncul ing era kolonial Hindia Walanda sawise diterjemahake saka Inlander (basa Walanda kanggo "Pribumi"), istilah iki wiwit dicetuske ing undhang-undhang kolonial Walanda taun 1854 dening papréntahan kolonial Walanda kanggo padhani beragam kelompok penduduk asli ing Nusantara ing wektu iku, utamane kanggo tujuan diskriminasi sosial.
Musik patriotik

Lagu patriotik iku lagu kang nuduhaké rasa tresna marang nagara. Sawijining lagu patriotik bisa nganggo lirik utawa ukara, nanging bisa uga mung wujud instrumental, bisa uga wujud lagu kabangsan resmi utawa ora resmi. Lumrahé ditembangaké wektu liburan lan ing acara mèngeti dina wigati ing sajarah. Téma utama ya iku bab tresna marang nagara utawa théma liyané kang duwé sèntimèn patriotik lan nasionalisme.. Sawetara lagu patriotik duwé sipat militaristik, jingoistik, utawa ngandhut théma kang ngagungaké pangorbanan dhiri; lan théma liyané kaya déné kaéndahan alam, sajarah utawa idéalisme.
Siaran radhio resmi saka sawatara nagara lumrahé migunakaké lagu patriotik sing misuwur kanggo tandha wates acara utawa minangka lagu (pambuka) resmi.
Also the Acadians have Ave Maris Stella.
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Majapait

Majapait iku sawijining praja kang tau ana ing Tanah Jawa. Praja iki wiwit dibangun taun 1293 Masèhi ing Jawa Wétan. Karajan iki nguasani mèh kabèh Pulo Jawa, Madura, Bali, lan laladan liyané ing Nusantara. Majapait iki karajan gedhé pungkasan kang nganut agama Hindhu-Buda ing Nusantara. Pusat karajan iki ana ing laladan kang saiki kalebu Kacamatan Trowulan, Majakerta.
Taun 1292 Singasari dikuwasani keturunan kraton Kediri yaiku Jayakatwang. Salah sawijining keturunan Singasari, Raden Wijaya, sumingkir menyang Pulo Madura. Ing pulo iku, Wijaya olèh pramayoga déning kang baureksa Madura, yaiku Aria Wiraraja, supaya éthok-éthok ngabdi karo Jayakatwang.
Jayakatwang nampa Wijaya lan kanugrahan lemah ing tlatah Tarik kang isih awujud alas. Tarik iki dadi cikal bakal kraton Majapait. Ing pungkasan taun 1293, Wijaya migunakaké prajurit Kubilai Khan kang arep nyerang Singasari (Kertanagara), gabungané prajurit Cina karo Wijaya iki bisa ngalahaké Jayakatwang kang déning prajurit Cina dikira Kertanagara. Raden Wijaya uga ngalahaké prajurit Kubilai Khan wektu acara pista kamenangan musuh Jayakatwang.
ꦩꦗꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀

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