davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
1996 Romanian general election

General elections were held in Romania on 3 November 1996, with a second round of the presidential election on 17 November.
Opinion polls prior to the elections suggested incumbent President Ion Iliescu of the Social Democracy Party of Romania (PDSR, formerly the Democratic National Salvation Front) would win a third term, though it was believed a large field of candidates would push him into a runoff. Iliescu received the most votes in the first round, just ahead of his 1992 run-off opponent, Emil Constantinescu of the Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR).
In the second round, Constantinescu defeated Iliescu with 54 percent of the vote. Iliescu conceded defeat soon after the polls closed. Constantinescu took office on 29 November, marking the first peaceful transfer of power since the fall of communism. To date, it is the only time since the introduction of direct presidential elections that an incumbent Romanian president has been defeated when running for re-election. The 1996 Romanian presidential election was the third of its kind held in post-1989 Romania.
The CDR, a broad coalition of parties opposing the governing centre-left PDSR, also emerged as the largest bloc in Parliament, winning 122 of the 343 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 53 of the 143 seats in the Senate.
Petre Roman, György Frunda, Gheorghe Funar, and Nicolae Manolescu openly endorsed Constantinescu in the second round. Corneliu Vadim Tudor, Tudor Mohora, and Adrian Păunescu openly endorsed Iliescu.
Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR) members included the PNȚCD, PNL, PNL–CD (1 senator), PAR (3 senators), PER (1 senator), Ecologist Federation of Romania (FER) (1 senator).
2000 Romanian general election

General elections were held in Romania on 26 November 2000, with a second round of the presidential election on 10 December. Former president Ion Iliescu of the Social Democracy Party of Romania (PDSR) was re-elected in the run-off, whilst the PDSR, as part of the Social Democratic Pole of Romania (PDSR), emerged as the largest party in Parliament, winning 155 of the 345 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 65 of the 140 seats in the Senate. The 2000 Romanian presidential election was the fourth of its kind held in post-1989 Romania.
In the second round, Theodor Stolojan, Mugur Isărescu, György Frunda, and Petre Roman positioned against Corneliu Vadim Tudor, without openly endorsing Ion Iliescu.
The alliance named Social Democratic Pole of Romania was formed by PDSR, PSDR (2 senators), and PUR (4 senator). On 16 June 2001, PDSR and PSDR merged, forming the present-day PSD.
The Social Democratic Pole of Romania included the PDSR, PSDR (10 deputies), and PUR (6 deputies). On 16 June 2001, PDSR and PSDR merged, forming the present-day PSD.
Horezu ceramics

Horezu ceramics is a unique type of Romanian pottery that is traditionally produced by hand around the town of Horezu in northern Oltenia (Vâlcea County), close to the famous Horezu Monastery. It reflects many generations of knowledge and skills development of pottery, which is why the craftsmanship of Horezu pottery was inscribed on UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists in December 2012.
Production is divided into male and female fabrication processes. Therefore, men extract the earth, which is then cleaned, cut, watered, kneaded, trampled and mixed – transforming it into red clay that potters form in a special finger technique requiring concentration, strength and agility. Each potter has his own technique of shaping, but each respects the sequence of the process. The women decorate the shaped ceramics before firing with special techniques and tools in order to draw traditional motifs. Their skills in combining decoration and color determines the personality and uniqueness of these pieces. Colors are bright shades of brown, red, green, blue and so called "Horezu ivory". Horezu potters use many traditional tools like a mixer for cleaning the earth, a pottery wheel and comb for shaping, a hollowed-out bull's horn and a fine wire-tipped stick for decoration, and a wood-burning stove for firing.
This ancient craft is preserved in the ancestral hearth, now known as Olari Street of Horezu, where artisans shape the clay into the same painstaking process as their ancestors did. Horezu is a singular historical Romanian ceramic center in which this trade remained the main source of income for many families of potters such as: Ogrezeanu, Vicsoreanu, Iorga, Frigura, Mischiu, Popa etc. Today this craftsmanship is transmitted as always in the family circle, but also in workshops from master to apprentice, and pottery festivals and exhibitions.
Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum

The Village Museum or formally National Museum of the Village "Dimitrie Gusti" (Romanian: Muzeul Național al Satului "Dimitrie Gusti") is an open-air ethnographic museum located in the King Michael I Park, Bucharest, Romania. The museum showcases traditional Romanian village life. The museum extends to over 100,000 m, and contains 123 authentic peasant settlements, 363 monuments and over 50,000 artefacts from around Romania. Structures in the museum ranged from the 17th to the 20th century, representative of different ethnographic regions including Banat, Transylvania, Moldavia, Maramures, Oltenia, Dobrogea, Muntenia.
The village was a creation of the folklorist and sociologist Dimitrie Gusti. The location plans were executed by the writer, playwright, director Victor Ion Popa and set designer Henri H. Stahl. The necessary financial funds were provided by the Royal Cultural Foundation and in the presence of King Carol II of Romania the museum was inaugurated on 10 May 1936. At the time of its inauguration, it was the fourth open-air museum of Europe after Skansen (Stockholm, Sweden), Norsk Folkemuseum at Bygdøy (Oslo, Norway), and the Ethnographic Museum of Transylvania at Hoia Forest in Cluj-Napoca. The museum initially was 4.5 ha in size with 33 authentic settlements that were transferred from the researched villages. Among them was the Maramures wooden church from Dragomirești, Maramures county. The building remains the central piece and is incorporated into the logo of the museum.
Studio apartment

A studio apartment, or studio condo also known as a studio flat (UK), self-contained apartment (Nigeria), efficiency apartment, bed-sitter (Kenya), or bachelor apartment, is a small dwelling in which the normal functions of a number of rooms – often the living room, bedroom, and kitchen – are combined into a single room.
Some studio apartments include a private washroom, which may or may not include a bath or shower. Otherwise, washrooms and bathing facilities are often part of a common area accessible by the residents of multiple units, with various arrangements to ensure privacy. Some studio apartments also offer extra storage space which may or may not be attached to the main unit.
For their occupants, studio apartments offer the advantage of being considerably cheaper to rent or buy compared to multi-room dwellings, the resident only having to give up living space as opposed to the level of privacy that is the case when living as a roommate. Studio apartments have historically been offered mainly for rent, however in recent years the units have been increasingly sold as condominiums in response to rising housing costs making larger dwellings unaffordable to many would-be home buyers.
The studio apartment is an apartment with a single room. They are also known as single-room dwelling places or studio flats. A studio apartment typically consists of one large room that serves as the combined living, dining, and bedroom. A variation, sometimes called an "alcove studio", may have a very small separate area; this wing or nook is off the main area, and can be used for dining or sleeping. The apartment's kitchen facilities may be located either in the central room or in a small separate area. The bathroom is usually in its own smaller room, while the toilet can be separated.
Studio apartment sizes vary considerably by country.
A studio apartment differs from a bedsitter in the United Kingdom or single room occupancy (SRO) unit in the United States, in that an SRO does not usually contain a kitchen or bathroom. Bathroom facilities are shared with multiple units on the hall.
Aurolac

Aurolac is an industrial adhesive sold in Romania, designed for use in repairing terracotta stoves, which is commonly abused as an inhalant. The law HG 767/2001 applies restrictions on where and how aurolac, which it uses as a generic term for a variety of substances containing ethers, ketones, acetates, as well as methanol and toluene, can be sold.
In 2000, a child who had abused Aurolac was photographed while naked and crying in a tram station in Bucharest's Rahova district. The image was widely published and used to define social problems in Romania. The 2001 documentary Children Underground also details the effects of Aurolac abuse amongst Bucharest's homeless children.
Association of Italians of Romania

The Association of Italians of Romania – RO.AS.IT. (Romanian: Asociația Italienilor din România – RO.AS.IT.; Italian: Associazione degli Italiani di Romania – RO.AS.IT.) is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Italian community of the country. The main objective of the organisation is to preserve the traditions and customs of the Italian community and promote the Italian language, culture, and history. It is supported by the Department of Interethnic Relations and the Italian Embassy in Bucharest. In 2014, it joined the European Democratic Party (EDP).
The party was established in 1993 in Suceava, Suceava County, Bukovina. It contested the 1996 general elections, but was beaten by the Italian Community of Romania (CIR), which retained the seat reserved for the Italian community in the Chamber of Deputies under the electoral law allowing political parties representing ethnic minority groups to be exempt from the electoral threshold only applied as long as they received 10% of the vote required for a single seat in the Chamber of Deputies.
The party contested the 2000 elections as part of the Italian Community of Romania, but ran separately in the 2004 elections and beat the CIR by 987 votes to win the Italian seat, with Mircea Grosaru becoming the party's MP. It has retained it in every election since. Following Grosaru's death in 2014, his son Andi-Gabriel became the party's MP.
2003 Romanian constitutional referendum

A constitutional referendum was held in Romania on 18 and 19 October 2003. The proposed amendments to the constitution were approved by 91.1% of voters.
The 2003 referendum was the first revision of the Romanian constitution since its inception on 8 December 1991. The referendum included a variety of major changes to the constitution, namely in Articles 1, 2, 5, 9, 11, 15, 16, 20, and 21. Additionally, it included rules that heavily influenced criminal proceedings and how long the courts could hold an individual in preventive custody. The constitutional revision from 2003 also guarantees that "A person’s freedom to develop his/her spirituality and to get access to the values of national and universal culture shall not be limited."
R. J. Stove

Robert James Stove (born 1961 in Sydney) is an Australian writer, editor, composer and organist.
Born in 1961 in Sydney and later resident in Melbourne, Stove graduated from Sydney University in 1985. He is the author of four books: Prince of Music—a biography of the composer Palestrina; The Unsleeping Eye—a brief history of secret police from the sixteenth to the twentieth century; A Student's Guide to Music History—a summary history of classical music from the Middle Ages to the Second World War; and most recently César Franck: His Life and Times. He has co-edited, with James Franklin, Cricket Versus Republicanism—a posthumously published collection of essays by his father, the philosopher David Stove (1927–1994). Brought up as an atheist, he converted to Roman Catholicism in 2002.
Stove's articles have appeared in The American Conservative (he has been a contributing editor at that magazine since 2005), Chronicles, The American Spectator, The New Criterion, Taki's Magazine, Modern Age, Quadrant, National Observer, News Weekly, The University Bookman, and other magazines, mainly American. Most of his musical works have been either choral or for solo voice; several are published by Wirripang of Wollongong, New South Wales.
Хөдөө Аж Ахуйн Их Сургууль

Хөдөө Аж Ахуйн Их Сургууль (товчоор: ХААИС) -Монгол Улсын Хөдөө аж ахуйн чиглэлийн ууган дээд боловсролын байгууллага.
1958 оны 4-р сарын 15-ны өдөр БНМАУ-ын МАХН-ын Төв хороо, Сайд нарын Зөвлөлийн хурлын 95/104-р тогтоолоор "ХӨДӨӨ АЖ АХУЙН ДЭЭД СУРГУУЛЬ" байгуулах шийдвэр гарч, МУИС-аас “Зоотехникийн факультет”, “Мал эмнэлгийн факультет”-ийг салган шинээр “Агрономийн факультет”-ыг нэмж байгуулагдсан түүхтэй.
Өнөө үед бүрэлдэхүүндээ 7 сургууль, Дархан-Уул, Ховд, Орхон зэрэг аймгуудад салбар сургуулиуд, Улаанбаатар хот, хөдөө орон нутагт нийт 5 эрдэм шинжилгээний хүрээлэн бүхий сургалт-эрдэм шинжилгээний цогцолбор болжээ. Тус сургууль нь өнгөрсөн хугацаанд хөдөө аж ахуйд шинжлэх ухааныг хөгжүүлэхэд ихээхэн хувь нэмэр оруулж, өмнөө тавьсан зорилго, зорилтоо биелүүлж хэрэгжүүлсээр ирсэн. ХААИС нь өнөө үед 1000 гаруй эрдэмтэн багш, эрдэм шинжилгээний ажилтан, ажиллагсад ажиллаж байна. Бакалаврын 66, магистр, докторын 60, нийт 120 гаруй хөтөлбөрөөр шаталсан сургалтад 9000 гаруй оюутан суралцаж байгаа сургалт-судалгаа-үйлдвэрлэлийн гурвалсан холбоо бүхий үндэсний хэмжээний цогцолбор төв болон хөгжиж байна. ХААИС нь өнгөрсөн хугацаанд нийт 35 мянга гаруй дотоод, гадаадын дээд боловсролтой мэргэжилтэн бэлтгэжээ.
ХААИС нь өнөөдөр бүрэлдэхүүний 7, салбар 3 сургууль, харъяа эрдэм шинжилгээний 5 хүрээлэнтэйгээр үйл ажиллагаагаа явуулж эдгээрт 750 гаруй багш эрдэм шинжилгээний ажилчин, ажиллагсад ажиллаж, 9500 гаруй оюутан залуус суралцаж байгаа нь сургалт-эрдэм шинжилгээ-үйлдвэрлэлийн гурвалсан холбоо бүхий үндэсний хэмжээний их сургууль болсныг бэлхнээ харуулж байна.
Мөн 25 орны 60 гаруй их дээд сургуулиуд, эрдэм шинжилгээний байгууллагуудтай хамтран ажиллаж оюуны болоод материаллаг баазын нөхцөл, хангамжаа нэмэгдүүлж, сайжруулсаар байна.
Хүн төрөлхтний өнөөгийн эрин үе экологи, байгаль шинжлэл, биотехнологи, генийн инженерчлэлийн хөгжлөөс ихээхэн хамаарах болсон энэ цаг үед Монгол орны нийгмийн үйлдвэрлэлийн үндсэн салбар болсон ХАА-н мэргэжилтэн боловсон хүчнийг бэлтгэдэг ХААИС-ийн гүйцэтгэх үүрэг хариуцлага улам бүр нэмэгдэж байна.
Хөдөө аж ахуй нь дэлхий нийтийн нийгэм эдийн засгийн өөрчлөлтийн гол хүчин зүйл байсаар ирсэн учир хөдөө аж ахуйн түүх нь хүний түүхийн үндсэн нэг, салшгүй бүрэлдүүлэгч хэсэг билээ.
2017 оны байдлаар ХААИС-д гадаадын 5 орны нийт 109 оюутан бакалавр, магистр, докторын шатанд суралцаж байна. Үүнд: бакалаврын сургалтанд БНАЛАУ-ын-4, БНХАУ-ын- 49, БНСВУ-ын- 2 оюутан, магистрын сургалтанд БНХАУ-ын-28, БНСУ-ын- 1, Казахстан улсын- 1, докторын сургалтанд Казахстан улсын-15, БНХАУ-ын- 8 докторант тус тус амжилттай суралцаж байна.
ХААИС болон харъяа хүрээлэнгүүдээс нийт 96 багш судлаач гадаадын 17 орны их, дээд сургуулиудад суралцаж байгаагаас магистрантурт 9, докторантурт 80, докторын дараах 3, мэргэжил дээшлүүлэх сургалтанд 3 багш, судлаач хамрагдаж байна.
Органик хөдөө аж ахуй

Органик хөдөө аж ахуй нь сэлгэн тариалалт, амьтан, ургамлын гаралтай бордоо хэрэглэх, биологийн аргаар хортонтой тэмцэх зэрэг аргуудад түшиглэн хөдөө аж ахуй эрхлэх нэгэн хэлбэр юм. Органик ХАА нь бордоо, пестицид хэрэглэдэг боловч наноматериал, генийн өөрчлөлттэй организм болон үйлдвэрийн аргаар гарган авсан гормон гэх мэт өсөлтийг дэмжигч бодис, хүнсний нэмэлтүүд, антибиотик, нийлэг бордоо, пестицид (гербицид, фунгицид, инсектицид) зэргийн хэрэглээг хязгаарлах юмуу хориглоно. Олон Улсын Органик ХАА Хөдөлгөөнүүдийн Холбоо (IFOAM) нь органик ХАА-н чиглэлээр судалгаа, шинжилгээ, үйлдвэрлэл эрхэлдэг байгууллага, холбоодуудыг нэгтгэсэн олон улсын байгууллага бөгөөд тэдний гаргасан суурь стандартад дэлхийн ихэнх улс орны энэ чиглэлийн хууль, дүрэмүүд суурилсан байдаг. IFOAM-ын гаргасан тодорхойлолтоор органик ХАА нь:
1990 оноос органик бүтээгдэхүүний зах зээл өсөж эхэлсэн бөгөөд Органик Судалгааны Төвөөс гаргасан судалгаагаар 2009 оны байдлаар хэмжээ нь $55 тэрбумд хүрээд байгаа юм. Дэлхийн нийт газар тариалангийн зориулалттай талбайн 0.9 хувь нь органик аргаар зохион байгуулагдсан бөгөөд энэ нь ойролцоогоор 37,000,000 га болж байгаа юм (2009) (see Willer/Kilcher 2011).
===Шилжмэл гентэй организм
Органик хөдөө аж ахуй нь уламжлалт аргаас илүү их ажиллах хүч шаарддаг учир орон нутагт ажлын байрыг бий болгоно.
Механикжсан хөдөө аж ахуй

Механикжсан хөдөө аж ахуй нь хөдөө аж ахуйн тоног төхөөрөмжийг ашиглан фермийн гарцыг ихээр нэмэгдүүлэх үйл ажиллагаа юм. Орчин үед өндөр хүчин чадалтай тоног төхөөрөмжүүд нь хуучин хүмүүс болоод адуу, шар зэрэг амьтадын хийдэг байсан ажилуудыг гүйцэтгэж байна.
Хөдөө аж ахуйн түүхэнд олон янзын багаж хэрэгсэл ашиглаж байсан жишээнүүд байдаг. Гэхдээ зөвхөн сүүлийн үед л тоног төхөөрөмжийн өндөр хэрэглээ бий болсон.
Хөдөө аж ахуйн анхны механикжуулалтын үүсэл нь ихэвчлэн амьтаны хүчийг ашигладаг анжис бий болсоноор эхэлсэн. Анжис нь эртний Месопотамд үүссэн байна.
Өнөөгийн механикжсан хөдөө ахуйд онгоц, нисдэг тэрэг, ачааны машин, трактор болон бусад тоног төхөөрөмжүүдийг хэрэглэж байна.
Yamaha MT-07

The Yamaha MT-07 (called FZ-07 in North America until 2017) is a MT series standard motorcycle or UJM with a 689 cc (42.0 cu in) liquid-cooled 4 stroke and 8 valve DOHC parallel-twin cylinder with crossplane crankshaft, manufactured by Yamaha Motor Company from 2014 and US release in 2015. As of 2018, the bike is designated MT-07 in all markets.
In some markets such as South Africa, Australia and New Zealand, the bike is available in 655 cc (40.0 cu in) Learner Approved Motorcycle Scheme (LAMS) version for riders on Learner and Restricted licences.
In most respects, the MT-07 is a conventional middleweight naked bike. It uses a compact tubular backbone frame. Its rear monoshock unit is placed horizontally within the subframe to give a shorter wheelbase, to save weight and to lower the centre of gravity. The front forks are conventional telescopic items, whereas its 3-cylinder sibling, the MT-09, has inverted forks. The anti-lock braking system is available as an option on 2015–2017 models, but became standard equipment in 2018.
The base MT-07, featuring its modernized CP2 engine, served as a platform for several subsequent models, including the Yamaha Tracer 700 and Yamaha Ténéré 700. Yamaha commissioned designer Shinya Kimura to create a café racer special based on the MT-07. In June 2015, Kimura revealed the machine, which he called "Faster Son". Motorcycle News said that they expected Yamaha to announce a production version based on "Faster Son" in late 2015. The Yamaha XSR700 was launched for the 2016 model year based on the MT-07. The Yamaha Ténéré 700, which shares the CP2 engine with the MT-07, was launched for the 2019 model year.
The MT-07 received positive reviews from motorcycling journalists. In The Daily Telegraph, Roland Brown rated the bike at five out of five stars, praising the engine, handling, value for money and overall riding experience, while criticising the front brake, calling it "adequate but less powerful than is suggested by its superbike-style specification of twin discs and four-piston Monobloc calipers". Motorcycle News awarded five stars also, praising the light weight and engine response, although noting that "at high speed it will start to get breathless".
Motorcycle Consumer News declared the engine response "remarkable for its smoothness"; and their dynamometer tests showed rear wheel horsepower of 66.85 hp (49.85 kW) @ 9,200 rpm, and torque at 45.41 ft⋅lb (61.57 N⋅m) @ 6,600 rpm. They measured a top speed of 238.01 km/h (147.89 mph), 0 to 1⁄4 mi (0.00 to 0.40 km) time of 12.13 seconds at 173.33 km/h (107.70 mph), 0 to 60 mph (0 to 97 km/h) time of 3.80 seconds and 0 to 100 mph (0 to 161 km/h) time of 10.51 seconds; but braking performance was "disappointing" at 60 to 0 mph (97 to 0 km/h) in 39.9 m (130.8 ft) with ABS activated. Motorcycle Consumer News suspected the poor braking was down to the Michelin Pilot Road 3 tyres; and they recommended buyers to wait until Bridgestone BT023 tyres were OE items.
Yamaha MT-10

The Yamaha MT-10 (called FZ-10 in North America until 2017) is a standard motorcycle made by Japanese motorcycle manufacturer Yamaha in their MT motorcycle series, first sold in 2016. It was introduced at the 2015 EICMA in Milan, Italy. It is the flagship member of the MT range from Yamaha. The crossplane engine is based on the 2015 YZF-R1 but re-tuned to focus on low to mid-range torque. It features a number of significant technical changes including newly designed intake, exhaust and fueling systems. It produces a claimed 118 kW (158.2 hp; 160.4 PS) @ 11,500 rpm and 111 N⋅m (82 lbf⋅ft) @ 9,000 rpm. It replaced the fourteen-year old FZ1 as the flagship bike in Yamaha's sport naked range.
The bike had non-functional V-Max-like air scoops from 2016 until 2021; however, with the 2022 redesign, they became functional ram-air scoops.
In October 2016, Yamaha released the MT-10 SP (for Europe only), which includes some upgrades such as Öhlins electronic racing suspension derived from the YZF-R1M, full-colour TFT LCD instrument panel, and an exclusive color scheme. For 2018, the bike is now designated MT-10 in all markets.
Shun Miyazawa said buyers are moving away from the supersport bikes, adding, "(Yamaha) aim to create an older and younger brother and cousins (to the MT-09) - maybe the same capacity, but a slightly different concept". This was translated into the creation of the MT-07 (FZ-07 in North America), the XSR700, the XSR900 and the MT-10 (FZ-10 in North America). The MT-10 is using the same engine from R1, albeit detuned from the factory.
Sanlé Sory

Sanlé Sory (born 1943) is a Burkinabe photographer.
As a teenager, he photographed automobile accidents around Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkino-Faso, which he would race to document on his motorcycle. In 1960 he founded the Volta Photo Studio in Bobo-Dioulasso. Following this he developed a reputation as a photographer of the Burkinabe club scene in the 1960s and 70s. During this time he also organized bals poussières, or "dust balls", where he would provide a sound system and musicians for concerts stages in the countryside. Sory would roam the bals with his camera, taking photos for money.
In 2018 the Art Institute of Chicago presented the exhibition Volta Photo: Starring Sanlé Sory and the People of Bobo-Dioulasso in the Small but Musically Mighty Country of Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso). Steidl published an accompanying catalogue, titled Volta Photo. In 2021 the fashion designer Grace Wales Bonner released a line of clothing titled Volta Jazz and inspired by Sory's photographs. The line included a film by the same name, created by Joshua Woods.
Sory's work is included in the collections of the Museum of Fine Arts Houston the Museum of Modern Art, New York and the Tang Teaching Museum at Skidmore College.
Feldsher

A feldsher (German: Feldscher, Polish: Felczer, Czech: Felčar, Hungarian: Felcser, Russian: фельдшер, Swedish: Fältskär, Finnish: Välskäri) is a health care professional who provides various medical services limited to emergency treatment and ambulance practice. As such, a feldsher is one kind of mid-level medical practitioner.
In Russia, Ukraine and in other countries of the former Soviet Union, feldshers provide primary-, obstetric- and surgical-care services in many rural medical centres and clinics across Russia, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia and Uzbekistan.
Similar types of mid-level practitioners are known by different titles in different countries, including advanced practitioner (United Kingdom), clinical associate/clinical officer (in parts of sub-Saharan Africa), community health officer (India), medical assistant (United States), nurse practitioner (Australia, Canada and US), and physician assistant (Canada and US). The International Standard Classification of Occupations, 2008 revision, collectively groups such workers under the category paramedical practitioners.
The word Feldsher is derived from the German Feldscher, which was coined in the 15th century. Feldscher (or Feldscherer) literally means "(battle-)field shearer" and was the term used for barber surgeons in the German and Swiss armies from the 17th century until professional military medical services were established, first by Prussia in the early 18th century. Today, Feldshers do not exist in Germany anymore, but the term was exported with Prussian officers and nobles to Russia. An All-Russia Union of Feldshers was founded in 1905. They were regarded as "Middle Medical Workers".
The Feldsher system of rural primary care provided some of the inspiration for China's barefoot doctors.
Today feldshers can be found in every medical setting from primary to intensive care. They are often the first point of contact with health professionals for people in rural areas.
Training for feldshers can include up to four years of post-secondary education, including medical diagnosis and prescribing. They have clinical responsibilities that may be considered midway between physicians and nurses. They do not have full professional qualifications as physicians.
The training program typically includes basic pre-clinical sciences: anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, microbiology, laboratory subjects, etc.; and advanced clinical sciences: internal medicine and therapeutics, neurology and psychiatry, obstetrics, infectious diseases and epidemiology, preventive medicine, surgery, and trauma, anesthesiology and intensive care, pediatrics, and other clinical subjects such as ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, dermatology, and sexually transmitted infections, ambulance service and pre-hospital emergency medicine, and battlefield medicine.
Bonghwa County

Bonghwa County (Bonghwa-gun) is a county in North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. It lies inland, at the northern edge of the province, and borders Gangwon province to the north. To the east it is bounded by Yeongyang and Uljin counties, to the south by Andong, and to the west by Yeongju. The county is ringed by the Taebaek and Sobaek Mountains, the highest of which is Taebaeksan (1,566.7m). Because of its mountainous location, Bonghwa has a colder climate than most of the province, with an average annual temperature of 10 °C (50 °F).
Bonghwa is connected to the national rail grid by the Yeongdong Line, which stops at Bonghwa station on its way between Yeongju and Gangneung. The Yeongdong Line, which is not known for its speed, stops at a total of 13 stations as it winds through Bonghwa, before ambling north into the next province.
Korean National Treasure No. 201, a rock-carved seated Buddhist statue, is located in Bukji-ri, Murya-myeon.
Famous people from Bonghwa include director Kim Ki-duk. The county is also the setting of the 2008 documentary film Old Partner, which has won numerous awards for its portrayal of rural life.
Bonghwa is divided into ten primary divisions: one eup (large village) and nine rural districts (myeon).
The eup and myeon are further divided into numerous small villages (ri).
Bonghwa has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen: Dwa) with cold, dry winters and hot, rainy summers.
Bonghwa is twinned with:
36°53′26″N 128°44′11″E﻿ / ﻿36.89057°N 128.736455°E﻿ / 36.89057; 128.736455
Khentii Mountains

The Khentii Mountains (Mongolian: Хэнтийн нуруу) are a mountain range in the Töv and Khentii Provinces in North Eastern Mongolia.
The mountain chain overlaps the Khan Khentii Strictly Protected Area and includes Mongolia's sacred mountain, Burkhan Khaldun, which is associated with the origin of Genghis Khan. The range forms the watershed between the Arctic Ocean (via Lake Baikal) and the Pacific Ocean basins. Rivers originating in the range include the Onon, Kherlen, Menza and Tuul.
A northern extension of the Khentii Mountains forms a range of the same name which is part of the Khentei-Daur Highlands in the Transbaikalia Krai of Russia.
The Mongol Genghis Khan is thought to have chosen a resting place in the Khentii Mountains, called the Great Taboo, or Ikh Khorig, by the Mongols. The area is thought to be where Khan may be entombed.
Tekufah

Tekufot (Hebrew: תקופות, romanized: təqufoṯ, singular təqufā, literally, "turn" or "cycle") are the four seasons of the year recognized by Talmud writers. According to Samuel Yarḥinai, each tekufah marks the beginning of a period of 91 days 7½ hours. The four tekufot are:
An ancient superstition is connected with the tekufot. All water that may be in the house or stored away in vessels in the first hour of the tekufah is thrown away in the belief that the water is then poisoned, and if drunk would cause swelling of the body, sickness, and sometimes death. Several reasons are advanced for this. Some say it is because the angels who protect the water change guard at the tekufah and leave it unwatched for a short time. Others say that Cancer fights with Libra and drops blood into the water. Another authority accounts for the drops of blood in the water at Tekufat Nisan by pointing out that the waters in Egypt turned to blood at that particular moment. At Tekufat Tammuz, Moses smote the rock and caused drops of blood to flow from it. At Tekufat Tishrei the knife which Abraham held to slay Isaac dropped blood. At Tekufat Tevet, Jephthah sacrificed his daughter.
The origin of the superstition cannot be traced. Hai ben Sherira, in the 10th century, in reply to a question as to the prevalence of this custom in the "West" (i.e., west of Mesopotamia), said it was followed only so that the new season might be begun with a supply of fresh, sweet water. Ibn Ezra ridicules the fear that the tekufah water will cause swelling and ascribes the belief to the "gossip of old women." Hezekiah da Silva, however, warns his co-religionists to pay no attention to ibn Ezra's remarks, asserting that in his time, many persons who drank water when the tekufah occurred fell ill and died in consequence. Da Silva says the principal danger lies in the first tekufah (Nisan), and the beadle made a special announcement of its occurrence of the congregation. The danger lurks only in unused water, not in water that has been boiled or used in salting or pickling. The danger in unused water may be avoided by putting in it a piece of iron or an iron vessel. Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin required that a new iron nail should be lowered using a string into the water used for baking matza during Tekufat Nisan.
Ger district

A Ger district (Mongolian: гэр хороолол, Ger khoroolol) is a form of residential district in Mongolian settlements. They usually consist of parcels with one or more detached traditional mobile dwellings or gers (hence the name), surrounded by two-metre high wooden fences. In other countries, gers are known as yurts.
Most Ger districts are not connected to water supplies, so people get their drinking water from public wells. For a warm shower or a bath, there are bathhouses. Since there is no sewer system, Ger district parcels usually have a pit toilet.
Small settlements, like sum centers, may consist almost exclusively of ger districts. Even in Mongolia's capital Ulaanbaatar, around 62% of the population live in such districts. However, only about 43% of the Ger district residents in Ulaanbaatar actually live in gers. Some of the districts in Ulaanbaatar have existed for more than 100 years, for example the one around Gandan, but many of those farther away from the city centre are the result of recent migration and the high price of other housing in Ulaanbaatar.
An oft-cited problem of Ger districts in Ulaanbaatar and a number of other larger Mongolian cities is the air pollution (especially in winter) caused by the burning of raw coal in simple iron stoves for cooking and heating.
Ulaanbaatar's Ger district is evolving and is marked by swift change over the past three decades since 1990, coupled with rising inequality. The Citizen Groups (CGs), semi-formal civil society organizations mainly led by women, work in ger suburbs surrounding Ulaanbaatar.
These CGs engage in small-scale projects, demonstrating resource management skills. Despite government recognition of state-civil society partnership, there's a gap in practice, particularly in ger districts.
Challenges include high staff turnover, limited local government authority, and unclear legal status for CGs. The article advocates for empowering CGs to amplify their contributions, aligning with local needs, and enhancing community development.
Maglič

Maglič (Serbian Cyrillic: Маглич, pronounced [mâɡlitʃ]) is a 13th-century castle about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Kraljevo, Serbia. The castle is located atop a hill around which the Ibar river makes a curve, about 100 metres (330 ft) above the river. The fortress protected the only road that connected the Great Morava Valley and Kosovo polje. Its name means 'the foggy one' from Serbian магла (magla) 'fog'.
Maglič was included in the list of Cultural Monuments of Exceptional Importance in 1979.
Maglič was built in the first half of the 13th century, by either Stefan the First-Crowned, or his son Uroš I. It was built to safeguard two important monasteries, Sopoćani and Studenica, as well as prevent any future Mongolian raid deeper into the Serbian lands. In Serbian empire, Maglič was the seat of Archbishop Danilo II, who wrote his famous hagiographies and regiographies residing there.
After capturing Smederevo on 20 June 1459, the Ottoman Empire occupied Maglič and held it until its recapture by Serbs during the Great Turkish War. After the defeat of the Serbian uprising, the Ottoman Turks retook the fortress, abandoning it soon after.
During the Second Serbian Uprising, Voivod Radoslav Jelečanin ambushed a group of Turkish soldiers at Maglič and halted their advance from Novi Pazar.
The fortress consists of seven towers and one dungeon tower connected with walls. The towers are typical for a medieval fortress in the Balkan peninsula with three solid sides and wooden fences on inner side. Maglič has one gate placed in the north, and one small sally port in one of the towers in the southeast part. Inside the fortress are remains of a palace, barracks, and a church of Saint George. There is also a large reservoir for water and a well. In the southern part of the fortress, three towers are placed next to each other to give better protection from attacks.
The fortress was partly restored after World War I, but the main restoration took place in late 1980. During that restoration, wooden floors in its towers and fences along the walls were restored. Today they are a potential danger, because some of them are rotten.
Every July, the space below the fortress is the starting point of the "Merry Ride" (Serbian: Весели спуст), a popular voyage down the Ibar River to Kraljevo. All types of river-worthy vessels are used during the voyage, and politicians often join the festivities. Usually, more than 3,000 vessels take part in this whole-day voyage.
It was announced in 2010 that Maglič would undergo restoration with local donations and financial backing from Italy.
Kawasaki KZ400

The Kawasaki KZ400/Z400 is a street motorcycle that was produced by Kawasaki between 1974 and 1984. The 398cc displacement of the twin cylinder engine was increased to 443cc for the KZ440/Z440. The later KZ400-J used a 399cc four cylinder engine.
The original Kawasaki KZ400 was a 398 cc twin cylinder motorcycle produced from 1974 to 1984. The engine had twin balancer shafts to reduce vibration, one in front of the crankshaft and one to the rear, both moving in the opposite direction to the rotating crankshaft. An emission control system recycled "blow-by" gases. The manufacturers advertised it as a "most practical all-round machine".
Later models displaced 443 cc. The KZ400 was built at plants in Akashi, Japan and Lincoln, Nebraska. The Lincoln plant (built in 1974) made Kawasaki the first foreign motorcycle manufacturer to operate a plant in the United States. The KZ400 outsold Honda in the 400 cc twins market through the 1970s. These motorcycles were marketed as fuel efficient transportation; a 1975 magazine advertisement for Kawasaki featured the KZ400 next to a Volkswagen Beetle with the tag line "Think even smaller."
Early models were prone to oil leaks and unstable idling. Both the carburetors and the design of the oil passages were redesigned beginning in 1977. Some models were offered as bare-bones transportation, with no electric start and front drum brakes. Most, however, had a single disc in the front and drum in the rear as well as electric and kick starters. Deluxe models also had a fairing and saddle bags.
The Kawasaki KZ400-J had an air-cooled four-cylinder, four-stroke, eight-valve DOHC engine, and six-speed gearbox derived from the larger Kawasaki Z500/Z550. The KZ400J was produced from 1980 to 1983. The "West Germany" version was limited to 20 kW. These bikes were electric start only, and the KZ400-J had a single (US model) or double (UK, Western Germany models) disc brake at the front, and a drum brake rear.
The 1980 model was identified as Kawasaki KZ400-J1, while in 1981 the Kawasaki KZ400-J2 was introduced with small differences, like a transistorised ignition system.
Introduced in the UK in 1980 as the J1 version, their styling and spec was aimed at the sports touring market and as a competition against the Honda CB400/4 and CB550/4 series of successful UJM (universal Japanese motorcycle) middleweights. The 400 was almost the same in specs as the Z500 model but differed in that it had a rear drum brake instead of a disc. The J2 was fitted with air assisted forks, adjustable damping rear twin shocks, tubeless tyres in cast 7 spoke wheels, grab rail and different tank/seat cowl striping. The J3 version was offered was Megaphone shortie silencers and chromed tops on the twin shocks. In 1983 the Z400 was altered significantly and the engine was heavily reworked resulting in the ZR400.
Countryside, Virginia

Countryside is a census-designated place in Loudoun County, Virginia, United States. The population as of the 2010 census was 10,072. It is located about 27 miles (43 km) northwest of Washington and is bounded by the Potomac River to the north, and by Route 7 (Leesburg Pike) to the south. Located in eastern Loudoun County, it is about 9 miles (14 km) north of Washington Dulles International Airport. It is bordered by the community of Cascades to the east and by Dulles Town Center to the south, across Route 7.
The Countryside subdivision was conceived in the middle 1970s when a tract of 1,000 acres (400 ha) of open farmland was subdivided in preparation for a planned housing development. Construction on homes began in 1981 and continued through 1991.
The Countryside CDP covers about 2.6 square miles (6.7 km) and homes in Countryside have a 20165 (Potomac Falls or Sterling) ZIP code.
The majority of the homes in Countryside were built by Pulte Homes and are of the colonial architectural style. Most of the single-family homes have two stories and a basement. CountrySide Proprietary is the community's homeowners association.
Countryside was first listed as a census designated place in the 2010 U.S. Census.
The community contains an extensive network of paved paths that wind through the wooded neighborhoods. It also contains three swimming pools. A network of smaller hiking trails branch off the main trail and are used for hiking, mountain biking, nature-watching and jogging. Some of the trails were developed by Eagle Scouts, others gradually by hikers; still others pre-date Countryside itself.
Horsepen Run drains the community, flowing north into the Potomac River. Countryside Lake is also accessible within the community for fishing and light water recreation at users' risk.
Several parks and recreational facilities are accessible to the northern border of the community, including Horsepen Run Countryside Nature Preserve, Algonkian Regional Park (which features Algonkian Golf Course), Potomac Lake Sportsplex, and Volcano Island Waterpark. The Algonkian Regional Park boat ramp provides access to the Potomac River for water sports. Several playgrounds are also accessible within the community.
Countryside students attend Countryside Elementary School, Algonkian Elementary School, Horizon Elementary School, River Bend Middle School, and Potomac Falls High School.
The Countryside Code

The Countryside Code is a set of guidelines designed for use by both the public and land managers across England and Wales. It is titled as a guide for enjoying parks and waterways, coast and countryside. It was established in 2004 as a relaunch of The Country Code, which existed since the 1930s.
The Countryside Code is managed by Natural England in England and Natural Resources Wales in Wales. Whilst both organisations oversee the Countryside Code, they are each individually responsible for promoting it in their respective country.
The Country Code evolved from the work of various organisations and had several different versions from the 1930s. The most widely accepted version of The Country Code was published in 1981 by the Countryside Commission:
In the 1960s and 70s the Country Code was publicised by several public information films shown in cinemas and on television.
At some point after 1981, the instruction to fasten all gates was replaced with one to instead leave gates as found.
In 2004 The Country Code was revised and relaunched as The Countryside Code (Côd Cefn Gwlad in Welsh) to reflect the introduction of new open access rights and changes in society over the preceding years. The revised Code was produced through a partnership between the Countryside Agency and the Countryside Council for Wales
A new, refreshed Countryside Code was launched by Natural England and Natural Resources Wales, coinciding with the 70th anniversary of the creation of the founding booklet. [1]Key changes to the Countryside Code included:
In May 2023, Natural England and Aardman Animations launched a new campaign for the Countryside Code, alongside Shaun the Sheep. The aim of the campaign was to engage young people and children with the messages of the Countryside Code. [2]
In Scotland, where there is a more general right of access, Scottish Natural Heritage developed The Scottish Outdoor Access Code, which was approved in draft form by the Scottish Parliament in July 2003 following the passing of the Land Reform (Scotland) Act of the same year, and was accepted in February 2005. The Scottish Outdoor Access Code differs significantly from The Country Code in that it promotes access rights that include crossing over land and non-motorised recreational activities like walking, cycling, angling and horse riding, and will normally apply in all rural settings. The basis of access rights over land (in Scotland) is of shared responsibilities, in that those exercising such rights have to act responsibly, following the Scottish Outdoor Access Code, while land owners/managers have a reciprocal responsibility in respecting the interests of those who exercise their rights.
The Scottish code "is based on three key principles [which] apply equally to the public and to land managers":
Three additional principles apply to visitors:
Both the Countryside Code and the Scottish code provide guidance for land managers as well as visitors.
Estádio Edson Arantes do Nascimento

O Estádio Edson Arantes do Nascimento, também conhecido popularmente como Estádio Pelezão, foi um estádio de futebol brasileiro, situado em Guará, no Distrito Federal. Seu nome é uma homenagem ao jogador brasileiro Edson Arantes do Nascimento, o Pelé, muitas vezes mencionado como um dos maiores jogadores de futebol da história.
Como parte das comemorações dos 5 anos de existência de Brasília, em 21 de abril de 1965, o então informalmente chamado Estádio Nacional de Brasília foi parcialmente inaugurado. Em um evento com entrada franca, também ocorreu a partida inaugural entre os times Seleção do Distrito Federal e Siderúrgica, resultando na vitória do segundo por 3 a 1. O primeiro gol do estádio foi marcado pelo jogador Zé Emílio, do Siderúrgica. As obras, executadas pela contutora Rabello S.A., só foram finalizadas totalmente no ano seguinte, seguidas pela inauguração oficial do estádio em 31 de março de 1966. Nessa data, houve uma segunda partida inaugural entre Vasco da Gama e Flamengo, que resultou na vitória do primeiro por 2 a 1. O primeiro gol foi de autoria do jogador Célio, do Vasco.
Local onde o CEUB atuava como mandante de seus jogos, foi completamente reformado em 1973 após a Confederação Brasileira de Desportos (CBD) informar que o clube havia sido incluído no Campeonato Brasileiro da Divisão Extra de 1973. Sua reinauguração ocorreu no dia 8 de agosto de 1973, com derrota do CEUB por 1 a 0 contra o Atlético Mineiro, com gol do jogador Campos, aos 27 minutos do segundo tempo.
Desativado na década de 1980 pela Federação Metropolitana de Futebol, que até então era dona do estádio, ele é vendido para um grupo de empresas imobiliárias formado pela Paulo Octávio Investimentos Imobiliários e a Via Engenharia em 1996, aparentemente devido ao fato do estádio já acumular mais de R$ 1 milhão em dívidas à época. Praticamente abandonado desde o licenciamento do CEUB em 1976 e da construção do Estádio Mané Garrincha, foi ocupado por dezenas de famílias, retiradas para Ceilândia em 2004 por empenho pessoal do então governador do Distrito Federal Joaquim Roriz e sua vice, Maria de Lourdes Abadia, para que pudesse finalmente ser demolido pelo grupo de empresas dono do terreno para sua utilização em outros empreendimentos, ainda indefinidos na época.
Em 2006, toda a região do SCEES, SGRV e SOF Sul teve sua destinação alterada de apenas industrial e comercial para industrial, comercial e residencial pela Câmara Legislativa do Distrito Federal (CLDF), apesar da tentativa do Ministério Público do Distrito Federal e dos Territórios (MPDFT), que arguiu a inconstitucionalidade da mudança. Durante o governo de José Roberto Arruda e seu vice, Paulo Octavio, tornou-se parte do corredor de adensamento urbano da futura via Interbairros, que seria construída através de uma parceria público-privada (PPV), em troca da permissão para construção de prédios de gabarito elevado nas duas margens.
Em 2009, após a demolição do estádio, no local passaram a existir diversos condomínios de luxo, entre eles o Living Park e o Park Sul, que alteraram a sigla do local para Super-Quadra Park Sul (SQPS).