Uruguayan Spanish

Uruguayan Spanish (Spanish: castellano uruguayo), a part of Rioplatense Spanish, is the variety of Spanish spoken in Uruguay and by the Uruguayan diaspora.
There is strong influence of Italian and its dialects, particularly Genovese, because of the presence of large Italian communities in the country (for example in Montevideo and Paysandú). The Uruguayan accent differs from the accents of Spain and other Spanish American countries, except for Argentina, due to Italian influence. There are many Italian words incorporated in the language (nona, cucha, fainá ("farinata, chickpea flour crêpe"), chapar, parlar, festichola ("house party"), etc.), as well as words of Italian derivation (for example: mina derived from femmina, or pibe ("child") from pivello). Italian has also altered the meaning of many preexisting Spanish words. For instance, pronto means "soon" in most Spanish dialects, including Argentine Spanish. However in Uruguayan Spanish, pronto instead means "ready", the same meaning as pronto in Italian.
Uruguayan Spanish was also influenced by several native languages. For instance the Uruguayan word pororó meaning "popcorn" originating from the Tupian language Guaraní. Another examples is the word gurí/gurises meaning "kid(s)" which originates from the Guaraní word ngiri, also meaning child.
In the southeastern department of Rocha, as well as along the northern border with Brazil, there is some influence of Brazilian Portuguese, in addition to the Portuguese spoken in northern Uruguay.
In the southern region of the country including Montevideo, the voseo form of address is used. The second-person pronoun vos is used instead of tú, along with its associated verbal conjugations. In other areas of the country, tuteo is more commonly used than voseo, such as Rocha and in some parts of Maldonado. In some places, tú is used as the subjective pronoun with the verb conjugated in accordance to voseo; tú tenés instead of tú tienes (tuteo) or vos tenés (voseo). Use of the tuteo or voseo form of the prepositional pronoun—ti and vos respectively—also varies. Spanish exhibits a fused tuteo prepositional pronoun ti with the preposition con into a single compound word contigo. In contrast to Argentina where contigo is rarely used, Uruguay exhibits more variance between contigo and con vos, with con vos still the more frequent of the two. Though there is much variation, Uruguayan Spanish generally prefers ti as the second-person prepositional pronoun over vos with the exception of con vos.
As with most dialects of Spanish, the formal pronoun usted is used in very formal contexts, such as when speaking to government authorities.
In Spanish, hay means "there are/is." Though unintuitive, it is technically the third-person impersonal indicative conjugation of haber meaning "to have". Its usage indicating existence originates from Old Spanish's ha ý (“it has there”), ha being the third-person singular present form of aver (“to have”) + ý, a locative pronoun. Since hay is both the plural and singular impersonal present indicative conjugation, the subject's number is irrelevant. However in the imperfect, the impersonal indicative haber splits between the plural and the singular: había ("there was") and habían ("there are"). In prescriptive grammar, había is considered the proper conjugation in both cases. However in Uruguayan Spanish, habían is occasionally used as the plural impersonal imperfect indicative conjugation while in other dialects of Spanish (including Argentinian Spanish) it is essentially never used at all. For example, había flores (literally "there was flowers") is considered proper while habían flores ("there were flowers") is considered improper.
Much of Uruguayan vocabulary overlaps with Argentina under the banner of Rioplatense. However, there are a few deviations in meaning of words and commonly used parlance that distinguishes Uruguayan Spanish from Argentine Spanish. For instance,
Below are vocabulary differences between Uruguay and other Spanish-speaking countries: Argentina, Paraguay, Spain, Mexico, Costa Rica, Chile, and Puerto Rico. It shows how Spanish is different in three continents where there are Spanish-speaking countries (Europe, North America, and South America) and in different regions of those continents (Central America, Caribbean, and Southern Cone). Italian and Brazilian Portuguese have also been influential in Uruguayan Spanish and are also included. While people in Uruguay and most of Argentina speak the dialect Rioplatense, there are some notable differences in vocabulary between the two countries, which are bolded.