datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Why are carboxylic acids more acidic than alcohols or phenols although all of them have a hydrogen atom attached to an oxygen atom (—O—H)?

Options:
A Carboxylic acids have a larger atomic radius, leading to stronger hydrogen bonding.
B Carboxylic acids contain a carbonyl group, making them more susceptible to nucleophilic attack.
C The conjugate base of carboxylic acid, a carboxylate ion, is stabilized by two equivalent resonance structures in which the negative charge is at the more electronegative oxygen atom . The conjugate base of phenoxide ion, has non-equivalent resonance
D Alcohols and phenols have a more stable conjugate base, reducing their acidity.

The correct answer is:
The conjugate base of carboxylic acid, a carboxylate ion, is stabilized by two equivalent resonance structures in which the negative charge is at the more electronegative oxygen atom . The conjugate base of phenoxide ion, has non-equivalent resonance

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
The conjugate base of carboxylic acid, a carboxylate ion, is stabilized by two equivalent resonance structures in which the negative charge is at the more electronegative oxygen atom . The conjugate base of phenoxide ion, has non-equivalent resonance

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Why are carboxylic acids more acidic than phenols?

Options:
A Carboxylic acids have a smaller pKa value.
B Phenols have a more stable conjugate base.
C Carboxylic acids have a less stable conjugate base.
D Phenols have a smaller pKa value.

The correct answer is:
Phenols have a more stable conjugate base.

Solution:
Phenols have a more stable conjugate base compared to carboxylic acids, making carboxylic acids more acidic.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, NEET
Why are certain drugs called enzyme inhibitors?

Options:
A The functional groups present at the active site of enzymes react with functional groups of a substrate via .ionic bonding, van der waals interaction, etc. Some drugs interfere with this interaction by blocking the binding site of an enzyme and also prevent the binding of the actual substrate with an enzyme. This inhibits the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Therefore, these are called inhibitors.
B Enzyme inhibitors enhance the activity of enzymes in metabolic pathways.
C Enzyme inhibitors stimulate the release of specific hormones.
D Enzyme inhibitors block the synthesis of new drugs in the body.

The correct answer is:
The functional groups present at the active site of enzymes react with functional groups of a substrate via .ionic bonding, van der waals interaction, etc. Some drugs interfere with this interaction by blocking the binding site of an enzyme and also prevent the binding of the actual substrate with an enzyme. This inhibits the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Therefore, these are called inhibitors.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
The functional groups present at the active site of enzymes react with functional groups of a substrate via .ionic bonding, van der waals interaction, etc. Some drugs interfere with this interaction by blocking the binding site of an enzyme and also prevent the binding of the actual substrate with an enzyme. This inhibits the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Therefore, these are called inhibitors.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Why are chelate complexes generally more stable than complexes with unidentate ligands?

Options:
A Chelate complexes have fewer donor atoms.
B Chelate complexes have a higher coordination number.
C Chelate complexes have a lower denticity.
D Chelate complexes have a greater tendency to dissociate.

The correct answer is:
Chelate complexes have a higher coordination number.

Solution:
Chelate complexes form more stable structures due to the simultaneous binding of multiple donor atoms, leading to a higher coordination number for the metal ion.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Why are chelate complexes often preferred in coordination chemistry?

Options:
A They are less stable than complexes with unidentate ligands.
B They have a lower coordination number.
C They are more colorful.
D They exhibit higher stability due to multiple bonds.

The correct answer is:
They exhibit higher stability due to multiple bonds.

Solution:
Chelate complexes are preferred in coordination chemistry because they offer greater stability through the formation of multiple bonds between the ligand and the central metal ion.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Why are cimetidine and ranitidine better antacids than sodium hydrogen carbonate or magnesium or aluminium hydroxide?

Options:
A They have fewer side effects.
B They work faster.
C They have longer-lasting effects.
D They are more readily available.

The correct answer is:
They have longer-lasting effects.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
They have longer-lasting effects.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Why are classification systems changing every now and then?

Options:
A Since it is nearly impossible to study all the living organisms, it is necessary to classify the organisms
B The reason is unknown
C As more and more organisms are increasing day by day
D The classification earlier were based upon the uses of various Organisms while now they are interested to know about relationship among organisms

The correct answer is:
The classification earlier were based upon the uses of various Organisms while now they are interested to know about relationship among organisms

Solution:
In early days, human beings needed to find sources for their basic needs of food, clothing and shelter. Hence, the earliest classifications were based on the uses of various organisms. Human beings were, since long, not only interested in knowing more about different organisms and their diversities, but also the relationship among them.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Why are colloidal medicines more effective?

Options:
A They are cheaper
B They have a larger surface area
C They have a longer shelf life
D They are easier to manufacture

The correct answer is:
They have a larger surface area

Solution:
Colloidal medicines are more effective because they have a larger surface area, making them easily assimilated.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Why are contraceptives used in reproductive health?

Options:
A To avoid pregnancy
B To delay or space pregnancy
C Both A and B
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Both A and B

Solution:
Though contraceptives are not regular requirements for reproductive health, one is forced to use them to avoid pregnancy or to delay or space pregnancy.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Why are cresols less acidic than phenol?

Options:
A Cresols have more electron-withdrawing groups.
B Cresols have more electron-releasing groups.
C Cresols have a larger molecular size.
D Cresols have a higher boiling point.

The correct answer is:
Cresols have more electron-releasing groups.

Solution:
Cresols are less acidic than phenol because they have electron-releasing alkyl groups, which do not favour the formation of the phenoxide ion, resulting in decreased acidic strength.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Why are different colors observed in octahedral and tetrahedral complexes for the same metal and same ligands?

Options:
A The ligands exhibit different colors in octahedral and tetrahedral coordination.
B The metal-ligand bond angles differ in octahedral and tetrahedral complexes, causing color variation.
C The crystal field splitting is different in octahedral and tetrahedral environments, leading to distinct colors.
D The metal undergoes oxidation-reduction reactions, resulting in varied colors in different complex geometries.

The correct answer is:
The crystal field splitting is different in octahedral and tetrahedral environments, leading to distinct colors.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
The crystal field splitting is different in octahedral and tetrahedral environments, leading to distinct colors.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Why are elements of Group 1 (alkali metals) and Group 2 (alkaline earth metals) never found pure in nature?

Options:
A Because they are extremely rare elements
B Because they readily react with other elements and compounds
C Because they have high ionization enthalpies
D Because they are always found as noble gases

The correct answer is:
Because they readily react with other elements and compounds

Solution:
Because of high reactivity Group 1 and Group 2 elements are never found pure in nature.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
Why are emulsions of oil in water sometimes unstable?

Options:
A Lack of emulsifying agent
B Presence of excess water
C Separation into two layers
D High temperature

The correct answer is:
Separation into two layers

Solution:
Emulsions of oil in water can be unstable, leading to the separation into two layers on standing.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Why are ethers less soluble in water compared to alcohols of similar molecular masses?

Options:
A Ethers lack a hydroxyl group
B Ethers have stronger hydrogen bonds
C Ethers have higher molecular masses
D Ethers have higher polarity

The correct answer is:
Ethers lack a hydroxyl group

Solution:
Ethers lack the hydroxyl group responsible for hydrogen bonding with water.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Why are fluoro compounds not prepared using electrophilic substitution reactions?

Options:
A Due to the unavailability of fluorine.
B Due to the high reactivity of fluorine.
C Due to the low reactivity of fluorine.
D Due to the difficulty in handling fluorine.

The correct answer is:
Due to the high reactivity of fluorine.

Solution:
Fluoro compounds are not prepared by this method due to the high reactivity of fluorine.

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET
Why are fullerenes considered the only pure form of carbon?

Options:
A Because they have 'dangling' bonds
B Because they are spherical in shape
C Because they have a smooth structure without 'dangling' bonds
D Because they are made in the presence of inert gases

The correct answer is:
Because they have a smooth structure without 'dangling' bonds

Solution:
Fullerenes are considered the only pure form of carbon because they have a smooth structure without having 'dangling' bonds.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Why are haloarenes less reactive than haloalkanes towards nucleophilic substitution reactions?

Options:
A Due to a shorter C—Cl bond
B Due to a longer C—Cl bond
C Due to a greater s-character of carbon in haloalkanes
D Due to a lower s-character of carbon in haloalkanes

The correct answer is:
Due to a shorter C—Cl bond

Solution:
Haloarenes are less reactive than haloalkanes towards nucleophilic substitution reactions because of the difficulty in breaking a shorter C—Cl bond in haloarenes.

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET
Why are halogens colored?

Options:
A They have high boiling points.
B They absorb certain wavelengths of visible light.
C They have high ionization energies.
D They readily form ions in solution.

The correct answer is:
They absorb certain wavelengths of visible light.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
They absorb certain wavelengths of visible light.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Why are halogens strong oxidizing agents?

Options:
A They have low ionization energies.
B They have high electron affinities.
C They readily gain electrons to form stable ions.
D They readily lose electrons to form positive ions.

The correct answer is:
They have high electron affinities.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
They have high electron affinities.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Why are heating systems based on the circulation of steam more efficient in warming a building than those based on the circulation of hot water?

Options:
A Steam has a higher heat capacity than hot water.
B Steam can reach higher temperatures than hot water.
C Steam transfers heat more rapidly than hot water.
D Steam is less prone to heat loss during circulation.

The correct answer is:
Steam transfers heat more rapidly than hot water.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Steam transfers heat more rapidly than hot water.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermal Properties of Matter, NEET
Why are higher members of aldehydes and ketones generally less soluble in water compared to methanal, ethanal, and propanone?

Options:
A They form ionic bonds with water
B They have larger molecular sizes
C They lack hydrogen bonding capability
D They have stronger covalent bonds

The correct answer is:
They lack hydrogen bonding capability

Solution:
Higher members of aldehydes and ketones are generally less soluble in water because they lack the ability to form extensive hydrogen bonds with water molecules.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, NEET
Why are hybrid orbitals directed in space in some preferred direction?

Options:
A To maximize electron repulsion between electron pairs
B To have a less stable arrangement
C To minimize electron repulsion between electron pairs and achieve a stable arrangement
D To maximize electron repulsion between atoms

The correct answer is:
To minimize electron repulsion between electron pairs and achieve a stable arrangement

Solution:
Hybrid orbitals are directed in space in some preferred direction to minimize electron repulsion between electron pairs and achieve a stable arrangement.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Why are insoluble soaps considered useless as cleansing agents?

Options:
A Because they are too expensive
B Because they adhere to the fiber of the cloth as a gummy mass
C Because they are too hot
D Because they create a pleasant fragrance

The correct answer is:
Because they adhere to the fiber of the cloth as a gummy mass

Solution:
Insoluble soaps are considered useless as cleansing agents because they adhere to the fiber of the cloth as a gummy mass.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Why are interhalogen compounds more reactive than individual halogens (except fluorine)?

Options:
A Because they have stronger X-X bonds
B Because they are ionic compounds
C Because X-X′ bonds in interhalogens are weaker than X-X bonds in halogens (except F-F bond)
D Because they contain metals

The correct answer is:
Because X-X′ bonds in interhalogens are weaker than X-X bonds in halogens (except F-F bond)

Solution:
Interhalogen compounds are more reactive than individual halogens (except fluorine) because the X-X′ bonds in interhalogens are weaker than the X-X bonds in halogens (except F-F bond).

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Why are ionic solids hard and brittle?

Options:
A Due to the strong covalent bonds between ions.
B Due to the weak Van der Waals forces between ions.
C Due to the regular arrangement of ions in a crystal lattice.
D Due to the absence of electrical conductivity in ionic solids.

The correct answer is:
Due to the regular arrangement of ions in a crystal lattice.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Due to the regular arrangement of ions in a crystal lattice.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Why are ionization enthalpies always positive?

Options:
A Because energy is required to add electrons to an atom.
B Because energy is always required to remove electrons from an atom.
C Because ionization enthalpies are measured in positive units.
D Because electrons repel each other within an atom.

The correct answer is:
Because energy is always required to remove electrons from an atom.

Solution:
Energy is always required to remove electrons from an atom, which is why ionization enthalpies are always positive.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
Why are Lewis dot structures considered useful in understanding molecules?

Options:
A They explain the behaviour of all molecules.
B They provide a complete picture of bonding.
C They help in understanding the formation and properties of molecules to a large extent.
D They are simple drawings of molecules.

The correct answer is:
They help in understanding the formation and properties of molecules to a large extent.

Solution:
While Lewis dot structures may not explain the bonding and behaviour of a molecule completely, they do help in understanding the formation and properties of a molecule to a large extent.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Why are lipids considered part of the macromolecular fraction?

Options:
A Because they are not strictly macromolecules
B Because they are small molecular weight compounds
C Because they are found in the acid soluble pool
D Because they form structures like cell membranes and other membranes which get separated along with the acid insoluble pool

The correct answer is:
Because they form structures like cell membranes and other membranes which get separated along with the acid insoluble pool

Solution:
Lipids form structures like cell membranes and other membranes which get separated along with the acid insoluble pool, when tissues are disrupted, into vesicles that are not water soluble, hence they come under the macromolecular fraction.

Topic: Biology, Biomolecules (B), NEET
Why are liquids and gases categorised as fluids?

Options:
A Because they both have a fixed volume and shape.
B Because they exhibit strong intermolecular forces.
C Because the liquids and gases have a property to flow i.e. the molecules can move past and tumble over one another freely.
D Because they have a high density compared to solids.

The correct answer is:
Because the liquids and gases have a property to flow i.e. the molecules can move past and tumble over one another freely.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Because the liquids and gases have a property to flow i.e. the molecules can move past and tumble over one another freely.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Why are liquids and gases referred to as fluids?

Options:
A Because they have fixed positions.
B Because they are tough materials.
C Because they can flow.
D Because they are rigid.

The correct answer is:
Because they can flow.

Solution:
Liquids and gases are called fluids because of their ability to flow, as mentioned in the paragraph.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Why are lithium halides somewhat covalent compared to other alkali metal halides?

Options:
A Because lithium is a noble gas
B Because lithium has a high atomic number
C Due to the high polarization capability of the lithium ion
D Because lithium has a large atomic radius

The correct answer is:
Due to the high polarization capability of the lithium ion

Solution:
Lithium halides are somewhat covalent because the small size of the Li+ ion allows it to distort the electron cloud around the larger halide anion, leading to covalent character in the bonding.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Why are lithium salts commonly hydrated and those of the other alkali ions usually anhydrous?

Options:
A Lithium ions have a higher charge density.
B Lithium ions have a smaller ionic radius.
C Lithium ions have a lower charge density.
D Lithium ions have a larger ionic radius.

The correct answer is:
Lithium ions have a smaller ionic radius.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Lithium ions have a smaller ionic radius.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Why are living organisms classified?

Options:
A It was randomly invented, thus Organisms are classified
B Since it is nearly impossible to study all the living organisms, it is necessary to classify the organisms
C Cannot be defined
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Since it is nearly impossible to study all the living organisms, it is necessary to classify the organisms

Solution:
Since it is nearly impossible to study all the living organisms, it is necessary to devise some means to make this possible. This process is known as Classification.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Why are low oxidation states favored by the heavier members of the p-block elements?

Options:
A Due to the presence of d electrons
B Due to the presence of s electrons
C Due to the presence of p electrons
D Due to the inert pair effect

The correct answer is:
Due to the inert pair effect

Solution:
In the p-block, lower oxidation states are favored by the heavier members due to the inert pair effect.

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Why are low spin tetrahedral complexes not formed?

Options:
A Tetrahedral geometry leads to a higher crystal field splitting energy, favoring high spin configurations.
B Tetrahedral coordination results in a lower crystal field splitting energy, favoring low spin configurations.
C The tetrahedral geometry causes repulsion between ligands, promoting high spin configurations.
D Tetrahedral complexes exhibit stronger ligand-field effects, favoring high spin configurations.

The correct answer is:
Tetrahedral geometry leads to a higher crystal field splitting energy, favoring high spin configurations.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Tetrahedral geometry leads to a higher crystal field splitting energy, favoring high spin configurations.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Why are lyophilic colloids considered protective in the context of lyophobic colloids?

Options:
A They induce coagulation
B They form dispersion
C They enhance solvation
D They form protective layers

The correct answer is:
They form protective layers

Solution:
Lyophilic colloids are considered protective because, when added to lyophobic sols, they form protective layers around lyophobic particles, as mentioned in the paragraph.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Why are meta directing groups often referred to as 'deactivating groups'?

Options:
A They increase the electron density on the benzene ring.
B They make further substitution easier.
C They decrease the overall electron density on the benzene ring.
D They are highly reactive in electrophilic aromatic substitution.

The correct answer is:
They decrease the overall electron density on the benzene ring.

Solution:
Meta directing groups are often referred to as 'deactivating groups' because they decrease the overall electron density on the benzene ring, making further substitution difficult.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Why are Mn2+compounds more stable than Fe2+towards oxidation to their +3 state?

Options:
A Mn2+has a higher ionization energy than Fe2+.
B Mn2+compounds is already stable due to half-filled d-orbital but Fe2+compounds have six electrons in their 3d-orbital,so they want to get reduced to d5configuration
C Mn2+has a more stable electron configuration in the +3 state.
D Mn2+forms stronger bonds with ligands than Fe2+

The correct answer is:
Mn2+compounds is already stable due to half-filled d-orbital but Fe2+compounds have six electrons in their 3d-orbital,so they want to get reduced to d5configuration

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Mn2+compounds is already stable due to half-filled d-orbital but Fe2+compounds have six electrons in their 3d-orbital,so they want to get reduced to d5configuration

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Why are molecular orbitals difficult to obtain directly from the Schrödinger wave equation?

Options:
A Because they require complex calculations
B Because they involve three-dimensional shapes
C Because the Schrödinger wave equation cannot be solved for systems with multiple electrons
D Because they involve spin properties of electrons

The correct answer is:
Because the Schrödinger wave equation cannot be solved for systems with multiple electrons

Solution:
The molecular orbitals are difficult to obtain directly from the Schrödinger wave equation because it cannot be solved for systems containing more than one electron.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET