datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Choose the incorrect reason to justify the amphoteric nature of aluminum.

Options:
A Aluminum can react with both acids and bases.
B Aluminum forms salts with both acids and bases.
C Aluminum can donate as well as accept electrons in chemical reactions.
D Aluminum exhibits only acidic properties.

The correct answer is:
Aluminum exhibits only acidic properties.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
Aluminum exhibits only acidic properties.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Choose the incorrect statement

Options:
A The p-character in the hybrid orbital of nitrogen in borazole (also called barazine) is more than that in the hybrid orbital of N in NH3
B Borazole exhibit resonance
C The Lewis acid character of boron in borazole is less than that in Bl3
D Borazole molecule has conjugated structure resulting from intramolecular acid-base reaction

The correct answer is:
The p-character in the hybrid orbital of nitrogen in borazole (also called barazine) is more than that in the hybrid orbital of N in NH3

Solution:
Here statement I is incorrect while rest other all correct ones.
The p-character of hybrid orbital N in borazole is less than that in NH3 .

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Choose the INCORRECT statement.

Options:
A All protozoans are heterotrophs
B All protists are autotrophs
C Pellicle is present in euglenoids
D both B & C

The correct answer is:
All protists are autotrophs

Solution:
Kingdom Protista includes unicellular Eukaryotes. This Kingdom is a link between Prokaryotes and other Multicellular Eukaryotes (Plants, Animals and Fungi) and so organisms show features similar to all the three groups. Plant like protists are autotrophs and these include Chrysophytes and Dinoflagellates. Animal and Fungi like protists are heterotrophs and these incude Slime moulds and protozoans and Euglena. Euglenoids do not have a cell wall and instead has a pellicle which makes body flexible.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement.

Options:
A Sterile stamen is called staminode
B The arrangement of ovules inside the ovary is called placentation
C Flower of Pisum sativum is actinomorphic
D Flower of Datura is actinomorphic

The correct answer is:
Flower of Pisum sativum is actinomorphic

Solution:
The stamen is the pollen making reproductive organ of the flower. It releases the pollen grain containing the male gametes from the anther. When a flower has a stamen without anther is called a staminode as it is sterile.
Ovary of the flower contains the ovule where the female gametophyte is developed. The ovules are arranged in a particular pattern within the ovary and this arrangement is called placentation. If the flower of a plant shows radial symmetry, it is called actinomorphic observed in datura, mustard. If the flower shows bilateral symmetry then it comes under zygomorphic group. Pea plant, gulmohar are included in it.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement.

Options:
A The leaves in gymnosperms are well-adapted to withstand extremes of temperature, humidity and wind.
B In Cycas, male cone and megasporophylls are borne on the same tree but in Pinus male cones and female cones are borne on different trees.
C Pollination in gymnosperms is carried by air.
D In gymnosperms male and female gametophytes do not have independent free-living existence.

The correct answer is:
In Cycas, male cone and megasporophylls are borne on the same tree but in Pinus male cones and female cones are borne on different trees.

Solution:
Cycas is dioecious in which male cone and megasporophyll are borne on different tree. Pinus is monoecious in which male cone and female cone are borne on same tree. In gymnosperms pollination is carried out by air or wind.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement about Ascomycetes.

Options:
A Mycelium is branched and septate
B Sexual spores are produced endogenously
C They have sac like structure in which karyogamy takes place
D Reduction division occurs in fruiting bodies and forms conidia

The correct answer is:
Reduction division occurs in fruiting bodies and forms conidia

Solution:
Ascomycetes reproduced asexually and sexually. Asexual reproduction gives spores called conidia which are produced exogenously on conidiophores and germinate to give mycelium. Sexual reproduction ascospores which are produced endogenously in asci and asci are arranged in the fruiting body called ascocarps.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement about cockroaches from the following.

Options:
A Antennae have sensory receptors that help in monitoring the environment.
B The head is formed by the fusion of six segments and shows great mobility in all directions due to flexible neck.
C The first pair of wings arise from the mesothorax and the second pair from the metathorax.
D In males, the genital pouch or chamber lies at the hind end of abdomen bounded ventrally by 9th and 10th terga and dorsally by the 9th sternum.

The correct answer is:
In males, the genital pouch or chamber lies at the hind end of abdomen bounded ventrally by 9th and 10th terga and dorsally by the 9th sternum.

Solution:
The abdomen in both males and females consists of 10 segments. In females, the 7th sternum is boat shaped and together with the 8th and 9th sterna forms a brood or genital pouch whose anterior part contains female gonopore, spermathecal pores and collateral glands. In males, genital pouch or chamber lies at the hind end of abdomen bounded dorsally by 9th and 10th terga and ventrally by the 9th sternum. It contains dorsal anus, ventral male genital pore and gonapophysis.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement about gymnosperms.

Options:
A The cones bearing megasporophylls with ovules or megasporangia are called female strobili.
B In gymnosperms, the male and the female gametophytes do not have an independent free-living existence.
C The gymnosperms are homosporous in nature.
D One of the gymnosperms, the giant redwood tree Sequoia is one of the tallest tree species.

The correct answer is:
The gymnosperms are homosporous in nature.

Solution:
The gymnosperms are heterosporous; they produce haploid microspores and megaspores. The two kinds of spores are produced within sporangia that are borne on sporophylls which are arranged spirally along an axis to form lax or compact strobili or cones.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement about members of the kingdom Fungi.

Options:
A With the exception of yeasts which are unicellular, fungi are filamentous.
B The fungal cell wall is made of cellulose and pectin.
C Fungal bodies consist of long, slender thread-like structures called hyphae.
D Some hyphae are continuous tubes filled with multinucleated cytoplasm known as coenocytic hyphae.

The correct answer is:
The fungal cell wall is made of cellulose and pectin.

Solution:
With the exception of yeasts which are unicellular, fungi are filamentous. Their bodies consist of long, slender thread-like structures called hyphae. The network of hyphae is known as mycelium. Some hyphae are continuous tubes filled with multinucleated cytoplasm â these are called coenocytic hyphae. Others have septae or cross walls in their hyphae. The cell walls of fungi are composed of chitin and polysaccharides.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement about mesosomes.

Options:
A Mesosomes are specialized membranous structures which are formed by the extensions of the cell membrane.
B They have a prominent role in cell wall formation and DNA replication.
C They are found as chromatophores in the cytoplasm of some prokaryotes, like cyanobacteria.
D They help in several secretion processes and enzymatic content.

The correct answer is:
They are found as chromatophores in the cytoplasm of some prokaryotes, like cyanobacteria.

Solution:
A special membranous structure is the mesosome which is formed by the extensions of the plasma membrane into the cell. These extensions are in the form of vesicles, tubules and lamellae. They help in cell wall formation, DNA replication and distribution to daughter cells. They also help in respiration, secretion processes, to increase the surface area of the plasma membrane and enzymatic content. In some prokaryotes like cyanobacteria, there are other membranous extensions into the cytoplasm called chromatophores which contain pigments.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement about osmosis from the following.

Options:
A The rate of osmosis is dependent only on the pressure gradient.
B Osmosis occurs spontaneously in response to a driving force.
C Osmotic pressure is referred to the applied positive pressure, while the osmotic potential is negative.
D Water moves from a region of higher chemical potential to a region of lower chemical potential.

The correct answer is:
The rate of osmosis is dependent only on the pressure gradient.

Solution:
Osmosis is the term used to refer specifically to the diffusion of water across a differentially- or selectively permeable membrane. Osmosis occurs spontaneously in response to a driving force. The net direction and rate of osmosis depends on both the pressure gradient and concentration gradient. Water will move from its region of higher chemical potential (or concentration) to its region of lower chemical potential until equilibrium is reached. At equilibrium the two chambers should have nearly the same water potential.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement about Phycomycetes.

Options:
A Members are found in aquatic habitats.
B Spores are endogenously produced in sporangium.
C A zygospore is formed by reduction division.
D They show all type of syngamy.

The correct answer is:
A zygospore is formed by reduction division.

Solution:
Phycomycetes reproduce sexually and form tough zygospores from the fusion of neighboring gametangia. The gametangial contact between the antheridium and oogonium through the formation of fertilization is observed.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement about the human heart.

Options:
A The human heart is of mesodermal origin and myogenic in nature.
B It is protected by a double-walled pericardium and has four chambers.
C Both SAN and AVN are found in the right atrium.
D Nodal tissue is absent.

The correct answer is:
Nodal tissue is absent.

Solution:
Nodal tissue: It is a specialised cardiac musculature which is also distributed in the heart. It consists of nodal musculature (or nodal tissue) is autoexcitable.
A patch of this tissue is present in the right upper corner of the right atrium called the sino-atrial node (SAN). Another mass of this tissue is seen in the lower left corner of the right atrium close to the atrio-ventricular septum called the atrio-ventricular node (AVN).
The heart is mesodermal and myogenic. It is 4-chambered and protected by the pericardium.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement about the rivet popper hypothesis.

Options:
A Conscious extinction of species through the loss of biodiversity is more harmful than natural extinction.
B The species which goes extinct affects the functioning of the ecosystem.
C Extinction of species will not affect the proper functioning of the ecosystem initially, but it becomes dangerous over time.
D In his hypothesis, Stanford ecologist Paul Ehrlich compared the ecosystem to an ironclad ship with the species as the ship's rivets.

The correct answer is:
In his hypothesis, Stanford ecologist Paul Ehrlich compared the ecosystem to an ironclad ship with the species as the ship's rivets.

Solution:
The ‘rivet popper hypothesis’ was used by Stanford ecologist Paul Ehrlich. In an airplane (ecosystem) all parts are joined together using thousands of rivets (species). If every passenger travelling in it starts popping a rivet to take home (causing a species to become extinct), it may not affect flight safety (proper functioning of the ecosystem) initially, but as more and more rivets are removed, the plane becomes dangerously weak over a period of time. Furthermore, which rivet is removed may also be critical. Loss of rivets on the wings (key species that drive major ecosystem functions) is obviously a more serious threat to flight safety than loss of a few rivets on the seats or windows inside the plane.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Proteins are made up of polypeptides.
B Acid insoluble pool contains nucleic acids.
C Amino acids are ionizable.
D All proteins are enzymes.

The correct answer is:
All proteins are enzymes.

Solution:
Biomolecules can be acid insoluble i.e. macromolecules or acid soluble i.e. micromolecules. Macromolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Proteins contain many amino acids that are linked by peptide bonds and are known as polypeptides. Amino acids contain two functional groups which can form ions. Enzymes are tertiary structure of proteins.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement from the following:

Options:
A In birds and mammals internal fertilisation takes place.
B Colostrum contains antibodies and nutrients.
C Polyspermy in mammals is prevented by the chemical changes in the egg surface.
D In the human female implantation occurs almost seven days after fertilisation.

The correct answer is:
Polyspermy in mammals is prevented by the chemical changes in the egg surface.

Solution:
During fertilisation, a sperm comes in contact with the zona pellucida layer of the ovum and induces changes in the membrane that block the entry of additional sperms. Thus, it ensures that only one sperm can fertilise an ovum.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement from the following.

a. 12 pairs of ribs are present.

b. Ribs dorsally articulate with sternum and ventrally with the vertebral column.

c. Ribs are not bicephalic.

d. Ribs are attached with sternum with the help of hyaline cartilage.

Options:
A a and b
B b and c
C a and c
D c and d

The correct answer is:
b and c

Solution:
Statements 'b' and 'c' are incorrect. (There are 12 pairs of ribs. Each rib is a thin flat bone connected dorsally to the vertebral column and ventrally to the sternum. It has two articulation surfaces on its dorsal end and is hence called bicephalic)

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Sun is the only source of energy for every single ecosystem on earth.
B Plants capture 2-10% of PAR.
C Ecosystems follow the 2nd law of thermodynamics.
D In a terrestrial ecosystem major producers are herbaceous and woody plants.

The correct answer is:
Sun is the only source of energy for every single ecosystem on earth.

Solution:
Sun is not the source of energy in deep sea hydro-thermal ecosystem. Ecosystems need energy continuously to synthesize molecules to counteract the tendency of disorderliness. Thus, they follow the second law of thermodynamics. Plants only use 2%–10% of the photosynthetically active radiation which itself is less than 50% of the total incident solar radiation.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement in reference to the male reproductive organ of angiosperms.

Options:
A Sporogenous tissue of a young anther is composed of homogenous cells.
B A typical angiosperm has a bilobed and dithecous anther.
C The anther consists of four microsporangia located at the corners, two in each lobe.
D The tapetum helps in the dehiscence of the anther to release the pollen.

The correct answer is:
The tapetum helps in the dehiscence of the anther to release the pollen.

Solution:
In a transverse section, a typical microsporangium appears near circular in outline. It is generally surrounded by four wall layers â the epidermis, endothecium, middle layers and the tapetum. The
outer three wall layers perform the function of protection and help in dehiscence of anther to release the pollen. The innermost wall layer is the tapetum. It nourishes the developing pollen grains.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Choose the INCORRECT statement in reference to the unstriated muscles.

Options:
A Their contractions are under the control of autonomous nervous system
B Cell junctions hold them together
C They lack actin and myosin proteins, hence lack striations
D They possess uninucleated, fusiform-shaped cells which taper at both the ends

The correct answer is:
They lack actin and myosin proteins, hence lack striations

Solution:
There are three types of muscle groups seen in humans. Skeletal or striated muscles, smooth or unstriated muscles, and cardiac muscles. Unstriated muscles are so named because these muscles lack striations i.e. dark and light bands. Hence these are smooth muscles. These muscles are not under our control and hence are also known as involuntary muscles. These muscles are present lining the internal organs and hence are visceral muscles. These are under the control of the autonomic nervous system. The muscle fibres are fusiform shaped that taper at both the ends and are uninucleated. Cell junctions are seen in between the fibres.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement in the following?

Options:
A Friedel-Crafts reaction between benzene and acetic anhydride in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3 yields acetophenone and not poly substituted products.
B Acetophenone formed poisons the catalyst preventing further the Friedel-Crafts reaction.
C During fridel crafts alkylation reaction rearrangement of carbocation takes place.
D Carbocation is poor electrophile than acylium ion.

The correct answer is:
Acetophenone formed poisons the catalyst preventing further the Friedel-Crafts reaction.

Solution:
Friedel crafts Reaction between benzene and acetic anhydride in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3 yields acetophenone. Polyacylation in Friedel craft reaction is not possible because acyl group is a deactivating group and only mono substitute product is formed therefore, during Friedel crafts alkylation carbocation formed so rearrangement of carbocation is possible, and it is weak electrophile then acylinium ion.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement regarding hemoglobin.

Options:
A It is red coloured pigment
B It contains iron
C It is present inside RBC
D It binds with oxygen irreversibly

The correct answer is:
It binds with oxygen irreversibly

Solution:
Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that is comprised of two alpha and two beta subunits that surround an iron-containing heme group. Oxygen readily binds this heme group. The ability of oxygen to bind increases as more oxygen molecules are bound to heme.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Choose the incorrect statement

Options:
A The shape of an atomic orbital depends upon the azimuthal quantum number
B The orientation of an atomic orbital depends upon the magnetic quantum number
C The energy of an electron in an atomic orbital of multi-electron atom depends only on principal quantum number
D The number of degenerate atomic orbitals of one type depends on the value of azimuthal and magnetic quantum numbers

The correct answer is:
The energy of an electron in an atomic orbital of multi-electron atom depends only on principal quantum number

Solution:
In atoms with multiple electrons the energy of an electron depends not only on the intrinsic properties of its orbitals, but also on its interactions with the other electrons. These interactions depend on the detail of its spatial probability distribution, and so the energy of orbitals depends not only on n but also on l

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Choose the incorrectly matched plant with its vegetative propagule.

Options:
A Eichhornia - offsets
B Agave - bulbil
C Kalanchoe - suckers
D Banana - rhizomes

The correct answer is:
Kalanchoe - suckers

Solution:
In plants, the units of vegetative propagation such as runner, rhizome, sucker, tuber, offset, and bulb are all capable of giving rise to new offspring. These structures are called vegetative propagules. Adventitious buds arise from the notches present at margins of leaves of Kalanchoe. It is a tropical, succulent flowering plant native to the Madagascar island of Africa. This ability is fully exploited by gardeners and farmers for commercial propagation of such plants.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Choose the increasing order of the activity of compounds shown.

Options:
A III < II < I < IV
B IV < II < I < III
C I < III < II < IV
D I < II < IV < III

The correct answer is:
I < III < II < IV

Solution:
The reactivity order in increasing order here is as follows
I < III < II < IV
IV is most acidic because its conjugate base possesses aromaticity.
An aliphatic alcohol is stronger acid than a terminal alkyne and an alkyne is more acidic than an alkene.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Choose the intensive property from the options given below.

Options:
A volume
B mass
C refractive index
D weight

The correct answer is:
refractive index

Solution:
An intensive property is that which does not depend on the quantity of matter or mass of the system. Refractive index is an intensive property. Volume, mas and weight are extensive properties.

Topic: Physics, Thermodynamics, NEET
Choose the mechanism that is used in the tobacco plants that are introduced with nematode-specific using certain vectors.

Options:
A RNAi
B Insecticidal protein
C DNAi
D Cry gene

The correct answer is:
RNAi

Solution:
A nematode Meloidogyne incognita infects tobacco plants and reduces their yield. The specific genes from the parasite are introduced into the plant using Agrobacterium as the vector. The genes are introduced in such a way that both coding RNA and Complimentary RNA are produced. Since these two RNAs are complementary, they from a double stranded RNA (ds RNA). This neutralizes the specific RNA of the nematode, by a process called RNA – interference. As result the parasite cannot line in the transgenic host and the transgenic plant protected from the pest.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Choose the mismatched pair.

Options:
A Limnology - study of fresh water ecosystem
B Phenology - study of periodic changes in plants and animals in relation to season
C Autoecology - study of interaction of individual organism or species with environment
D Standing crop - amount of inorganic matters at any given time in an ecosystem

The correct answer is:
Standing crop - amount of inorganic matters at any given time in an ecosystem

Solution:
Standing state is the amount of nutrients like calcium, nitrogen, phosphorous present in the soil of the ecosystem. Standing crop is the amount of total biomass (organic compounds) present in an ecosystem. This is the amount of total living matter. Standing state is regularly depleted and replenished by living matter.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Choose the number of diploid structure from the following:

Pollen grain, Nucellus, Perisperm, Endosperm, Embryo sac, Megaspore, MMC

Options:
A Two
B Three
C Four
D Five

The correct answer is:
Three

Solution:
Nucellus, perisperm and megaspore mother cell (MMC) are diploid tissue. Pollen grain, embryo sac and megaspore are haploid and endosperm is triploid in nature.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Choose the odd one out with respect to the functional aspects of ecosystem.

Options:
A Energy flow
B Decomposition
C Species composition
D Nutrient cycling

The correct answer is:
Decomposition

Solution:
4 Functional Aspects of an Ecosystem, Energy Flow in an Ecosystem, Food Chain, Food Web and Ecological Pyramids, Biogeochemical Cycling and Ecological Succession.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET