datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Lucy and Taung baby are fossils of

Options:
A Ramapithecus
B Australopithecus
C Java man
D Dryopithecus

The correct answer is:
Australopithecus

Solution:
Lucy is fossil of female skeleton of Australopithecus afarensis. It was discovered by Donald Johanson in Ethiopia. The Taung Baby is a fossil of skull of a young Australopithecus africanus. It was discovered in Raymond Dart in Taung, South Africa.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Lungs are made up of air-filled sacs the alveoli. They do not collapse even after forceful expiration, because of:

Options:
A Residual Volume
B Inspiratory Reserve Volume
C Tidal Volume
D Expiratory Reserve Volume

The correct answer is:
Residual Volume

Solution:
The volume of air present in the lungs after forceful expiration is known as residual volume which prevents the collapsing of alveoli even after forceful expiration. The tidal volume (TV), about 500 mL, is the amount of air inspired during normal, relaxed breathing. The inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), about 3,100 mL, is the additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after the inspiration of a normal tidal volume. The expiratory reserve volume (ERV), about 1,200 mL, is the additional air that can be forcibly exhaled after the expiration of a normal tidal volume.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET, NEET 2017
Lyases catalyze through

Options:
A removal of groups from substrates by mechanisms other than hydrolysis leaving double bonds.
B linking together of two compounds
C transfer of a group, other than hydrogen, between a pair of substrates
D inter-conversion of optical, geometric or positional isomers.

The correct answer is:
removal of groups from substrates by mechanisms other than hydrolysis leaving double bonds.

Solution:
Enzymes are proteins that catalyse biological reactions. These enzymes are grouped or categorized as per their reaction mechanism. They are divided in 6 classes.
1 - Oxidoreductase/dehydrogenase - catalyse oxidoreduction reaction.
2 - Transferase - Cataysing transfer of functional group
3 - Hydrolases - Catalyses hydrolysis of compounds.
4 - Lyases - catalyses removal of groups by mechanism other than hydrolysis
5 - Isomerases - Catalysing inter conversion of isomers
6 - Ligases - catalysing linking of two compounds.
Enzyme 4 a.b.c . belongs to the group of lyases which catalyses break down of substrates by means other than hydrolysis.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Lyophilic sols are more stable than lyophobic sols because

Options:
A the colloidal particles have positive charge
B the colloidal particles have no charge
C the colloidal particles are more solvated
D there are strong electrostatic repulsions between the negatively charged colloidal particles

The correct answer is:
the colloidal particles are more solvated

Solution:
The stability of lyophilic solsis a result of two factors, the presence of a charge and the solvation of colloidal particles. On the other hand, the stability of lyophobic solsis only because of the presence of a charge. Thus, thelyophilic solismore stable thanlyophobic soldue to the extensive solvation.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Lysine is which type of amino acid

Options:
A β -Amino acid
B acidic
C basic
D neutral

The correct answer is:
basic

Solution:
Number of amino group is more than the -COOH group. Hence it is basic amino acid.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Lysosomes are so-called as they have

Options:
A hydrolytic enzymes
B oxidizing enzymes
C respiratory enzymes
D carboxylating enzymes

The correct answer is:
hydrolytic enzymes

Solution:
Lysosomes are subcellular membrane-bound structure found in the eukaryotic cells. These vesicular structures are synthesized through the packaging process in the Golgi complex. Lysosomal enzymes are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and are rich in all types of hydrolytic enzymes which help in digesting carbohydrates proteins lipids and nucleic acids therefore lysozyme act as the digestive system of the cell. The lysozyme organelles are also known as the suicidal bags of the cell because they cause lysis of the cell after the die.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Lysozyme is present in perspiration, saliva and tears. It destroys

Options:
A

Certain fungi

B

Most virus-infected cells

C

Certain types of bacteria

D

All viruses

The correct answer is:

Certain types of bacteria

Solution:
Lysozyme is an antibacterial agent which is secreted by the major salivary glands.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Lysozyme that is present in perspiration, saliva and tears, destroys:

Options:
A certain types of bacteria
B all viruses
C most virus-infected cells
D certain fungi

The correct answer is:
certain types of bacteria

Solution:
Lysozyme is an enzyme which acts on bacterial cell walls and provides protection against bacterial invasion in the skin, mucous membranes and many body fluids. It is found in tears, sweat and saliva.
Related Theory
Lysozyme functions as an antimicrobial agent by cleaving the peptidoglycan component of bacterial cell walls, which leads to cell death.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2007
Metal M+airâÎAâH2OBâHCl white fumes, Metal. M can be:

Options:
A Li,Mg or Al
B Li, Al or K
C Na, K or Mg
D Li, Na or K

The correct answer is:
Li,Mg or Al

Solution:
Li, Mg & Al can form nitrides which on hydrolysis form NH3 NH3+HClâNH4Cl (white fumes).

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Λ°m for NaCl, HCl and NaAc are 126.4, 425.9 and 91.0 S cm2 mol-1 respectively. Calculate Λ°m for HAc.

Options:
A 126.4 S cm² mol⁻¹
B 425.9 S cm² mol⁻¹
C 91.0 S cm² mol⁻¹
D 390.5 S cm² mol⁻¹

The correct answer is:
390.5 S cm² mol⁻¹

Solution:
Λ°m(HAc) = λ° (H+) + λ° (Ac)- = λ° (H+) + λ° (Cl-) + λ° (Ac-) + λ° (Na +) - λ° (Cl-) - λ° (Na+)= Λ°m(HCl) + Λ°m (NaAc) - Λ°m (NaCl)= (425.9 + 91.0 – 126.4 ) S cm2 mol -1= 390.5 S cm² mol⁻¹

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET
Mn2+ can be converted into Mn7+ by reacting with

Options:
A SO2
B Cl2
C PbO2
D SnCl2

The correct answer is:
PbO2

Solution:
Strong oxidising agents such as PbO2 or sodium bismuthate (NaBiO3) oxidise Mn2+ to MnO4- or Mn7+.
2 Mn 2 + + 5 PbO 2 + 4 H + â 2 MnO 4 - + 5 Pb 2 + + 2 H 2 O

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
MnO4- ions can be reduced in strongly alkaline medium to give

Options:
A MnO2
B Mn2+
C MnO42-
D MnO3-

The correct answer is:
MnO42-

Solution:
MnO4- ions can be reduced in strongly alkaline medium to give MnO42-
MnO4-(Purple)+e-→MnO42-(Green)

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
M(OH)x has a Ksp or 4×10-9 and its is solubility is 10-3 M. The value of x is

Options:
A 4
B 1
C 3
D 2

The correct answer is:
2

Solution:
M(OH) x â M 10 â3 x+ + xOH â xÃ10 â3
K sp â=â [M x+ ]âÃâ [OH â ] x
4 ×  10 −9  = ( 10 −3 ) ×  (x ×  10 −3 ) x
On solving x = 2

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
$M_P$ denotes the mass of a proton and $M_n$ that a neutron. A given nucleus, of binding energy $\mathrm{B}$, contains $Z$ protons and $N$ neutrons. The mass $M(N, Z)$ of the nucleus is given by $(c$ is the velocity of light):

Options:
A $M(N, Z)=N M_n+Z M_p-B c^2$
B $M(N, Z)=N M_n+Z M_p-B c^2$
C $M(N, Z)=N M_n+Z M_p-B / c^2$
D $M(N, Z)=N M_n+Z M_p+B / c^2$

The correct answer is:
$M(N, Z)=N M_n+Z M_p-B / c^2$

Solution:
Binding $B=$
$$
\begin{aligned}
& {\left[N M_n+2 M_P-M\left(N_1{ }^2\right] C^2\right.} \\
& M\left(N_1^2\right)=N M_n+Z M_P-\frac{B}{C^2}
\end{aligned}
$$

Topic: Physics, Nuclear Physics, NEET, NEET 2004
MAB stands for

Options:
A Man and Biology Programme
B Man and Biosphere Programme
C Mammals and Biosphere Programme
D Mammals and Biology Programme

The correct answer is:
Man and Biosphere Programme

Solution:
MAB, (Man and Biosphere Programme), was launched by UNESCO in 1971. There are 14 projects under this program focusing on research and training with an ecological approach to study inter-relationship between man and the environment.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Mach the following cell structures with their characteristic features.
Select the correct option from the following

Options:
A 1.(ii) 2.(iv) 3.(i) 4.(iii)
B 1.(iv) 2.(ii) 3.(i) 4.(iii)
C 1.(iii) 2.(i) 3.(iv) 4.(ii)
D 1.(iv) 2.(iii) 3.(i) 4.(ii)

The correct answer is:
1.(iii) 2.(i) 3.(iv) 4.(ii)

Solution:
The correct matches are

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
MacLeod, McCarty and Avery determined that R strain bacteria transforming into S strain bacteria because of:

Options:
A RNA
B Protein
C DNA
D All of these

The correct answer is:
DNA

Solution:
Prior to the work of Oswald Avery, Colin Macleod and Maclyn McCarty the genetic material was thought to be a protein. They worked to determine the biochemical nature of ‘transforming principle’ in Griffith’s experiment.
They purified biochemical (proteins, DNA, RNA, etc.) from the heat-killed S cells to see which ones could transform live R cells into S cells. They discovered that DNA alone from S bacteria caused R bacteria to become transformed.
They discovered that protein and RNA digesting enzymes did not affect transformation, so the transforming material was neither protein nor RNA. But, digesting with DNase did inhibit transformation, suggesting DNA caused the transformation. They concluded that DNA is the hereditary material.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Macromolecule chitin is

Options:
A nitrogen containing polysaccharide
B phosphorus containing polysaccharide
C sulphur containing polysaccharide
D simple polysaccharide

The correct answer is:
nitrogen containing polysaccharide

Solution:
Macromolecule chitin is a complex polysaccharide containing amino sugars and chemically modified sugars (e.g., glucosamine, $\mathrm{N}$-acetyl galactosamine, etc). Polysaccharides are long carbohydrate molecules of monosaccharide units joined together by glycosidic bonds. They have a general formula $\mathrm{C}_x\left(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right)_y$.

Topic: Biology, Biomolecules (B), NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
Macromolecule chitin is

Options:
A Nitrogen containing polysaccharide which is homopolymer
B Phosphorus containing polysaccharide
C Nitrogen and sulphur containing heteropolysaccharide
D Nitrogen containing polysaccharide which is heteropolymer

The correct answer is:
Nitrogen containing polysaccharide which is homopolymer

Solution:
Chitin is a homopolymer which is made up of monomer N-Acetyl glucoseamine. NAM is an amino sugar which is formed by substitution of amino group in place of OH group of a glucose molecule.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Macrophages and leukocytes exhibit

Options:
A ciliary movement
B flagellar movement
C amoeboid movement
D gliding movement.

The correct answer is:
amoeboid movement

Solution:
Macrophages and leukocytes exhibit amoeboid movement which is affected by pseudopodia due to the streaming of protoplasm.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Mad cow disease in cattle and $\mathrm{Cr}$ Jacob disease in humans are due to infection by

Options:
A Bacterium
B Virus
C Viroid
D Prion

The correct answer is:
Prion

Solution:
Mad cow disease (Bovine spongiform encephalopathy) and $\mathrm{Cr}$. Jacob disease in humans are caused by misfolded, Infectious protein particle called Prion. These are proteins which attack neural tissues, generally.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 2)
Mad cow disease in cattle is caused by an organism which has

Options:
A inert crystalline structure
B abnormally folded protein
C free RNA without protein coat
D free DNA without protein coat

The correct answer is:
abnormally folded protein

Solution:
Mad cow disease in cattle is caused by prions which are abnormally folded proteins. It is also known as Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE). It is a progressive neurological disorder of cattle.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Magnesium is an activator for

Options:
A ribulose bis-phosphate carboxylase oxygenase
B phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase
C alcohol dehydrogenase
D more than one

The correct answer is:
more than one

Solution:
Magnesium is an activator for both ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, both of which are critical enzymes in the photosynthetic carbon fixation process.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
Magnesium is burnt in the atmosphere of dinitrogen. The ash so produced is treated with water. The final products are

Options:
A MgO+H2
B Mg(OH)2
C Mg(OH)2+NH3
D MgH2+O2

The correct answer is:
Mg(OH)2+NH3

Solution:
3Mg+N2→Mg3N2
Mg3N2+6H2O→3Mg(OH)2+2NH3

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Magnesium reacts with an element (X) to form an ionic compound. If the ground state electronic configuration of (X) is 1s22s22p3 , the simplest formula for this compound is

Options:
A Mg2X
B MgX2
C Mg2X3
D Mg3X2

The correct answer is:
Mg3X2

Solution:
Element (X) electronic configuration
1s22s22p3
So, valency of X is 3.
Valency of Mg is 2.
Formula of compound formed by Mg and X will be Mg3X2 .

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Magnetic flux passing through a coil is initially 4Ã10-4 Wb . It reduces to 10% of its original value in t second. If the emf induced is 0.72 mV then t in second is

Options:
A 0.3
B 0.4
C 0.5
D 0.6

The correct answer is:
0.5

Solution:
ϕ1=4×10-4 Wb

ϕ2=0.1×ϕ1=4×10-5 Wb
ε=0.72 mV
∴ t=?
Using ε=-dϕdt⇒dt⇒dϕε
=4×10-4-4×10-572×10-5=4×10-5(9) 72× 10 −5 =12=0.5 s

Topic: Physics, Electromagnetic Induction, NEET
Magnetic induction at the centre of a circular loop carrying a current is B. If A is the area of the coil, the magnetic dipole moment of the loop is

Options:
A BA2μ0π
B BAAμ0
C BAAμ0π
D 2BAμ0 Aπ

The correct answer is:
2BAμ0 Aπ

Solution:
B= μ 0 i 2r , A=π r 2 ,  r= A π m=iA      = B×2r μ o ×π r 2                = 2B μ​ o π r 3               = 2Bπ μ​ o ( A π ) 3 2               = 2BA μ​ o A π

Topic: Physics, Magnetic Effects of Current, NEET
Magnetic moment 2.83 BM is given by which of the following ions?
(At.nos. Ti=22,Cr=24, Mn=25, Ni=28)

Options:
A Ti3+
B Ni2+
C Cr3+
D Mn2+

The correct answer is:
Ni2+

Solution:
Magnetic moment is μ=nn+2

where n=number of unpaired electrons.

μ=2.83, n=2
So Ni2+3d84s0

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET, NEET 2014
Magnetic moment 2.83 BM is given by which of the following ions?
(At. nos. Ti=22,Cr=24,Mn=25,Ni=28)

Options:
A Mn2+
B Ni2+
C Ti3+
D Cr3+

The correct answer is:
Ni2+

Solution:
Ni2+=(Ar)3d8
Ni+2 has two unpaired electron. (n=2)
As μ=n(n+2)=2(2+2)=2.83B.M.
In
Mn2+;  n=5Cr3+;  n=3Ti3+;  n=1

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Magnetic moment due to the motion of the electron in nth energy state of hydrogen atom is proportional to

Options:
A n
B n0
C n5
D n3

The correct answer is:
n

Solution:
Magnetic MomentAngular Momentum=e2m
∴ Magnetic Momentum ∝ angular momentum
∝n L=nh2π

Topic: Physics, Atomic Physics, NEET
Magnetic moment of X3+ ion of 3d series is 26 BM . What is the atomic number of X?

Options:
A 24
B 26
C 25
D 28

The correct answer is:
25

Solution:
Magnetic moment n(n+2)=26⇒n(n+2)=24⇒n=4
⇒Mn3+ has 4 unpaired electrons.
atomic number of X=25

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Magnetic susceptibility for a paramagnetic and diamagnetic material is respectively

Options:
A small, positive and small, positive
B Large, positive and small, negative
C Small, positive and small, negative
D Large, negative and large, positive

The correct answer is:
Small, positive and small, negative

Solution:
B= μ 0 ( 1+χ )H.
Ï is positive and small for paramagnetic
Ï is negative and small for diamagnetic

Topic: Physics, Magnetic Properties of Matter, NEET
Magnetic susceptibility of a diamagnetic substance

Options:
A decreases with temperature
B is not affected by temperature
C increases with temperature
D first increases, then decreases with temperature

The correct answer is:
is not affected by temperature

Solution:
Diamagnetic materials are characterized by small negative susceptibilities and are only slightly affected by a change in their temperature.

Topic: Physics, Magnetic Properties of Matter, NEET
Magnification of a compound microscope is 30. The focal length of eye-piece is 5 cm and the image is formed at a distance of âdistinct vision of 25 cm. Magnification of the objective lens is

Options:
A 6
B 5
C 7.5
D 10

The correct answer is:
5

Solution:
m=m1âm2=30
for eye-piece 1v1-1u=1f
â -125-1u=15
â´ u=-256
â´ m2=-25Ã6-25=6
â´ m1=5

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
Mahesh (who is colourblind) and Soni (who is not colourblind) have a daughter Alia. Rishi (who is not colourblind) and Neetu (who is a carrier) have a son Ranbeer. Alia and Ranbeer get married. What is the probability that their daughter will be colourblind?

Options:
A 0%
B 25 %
C 50 %
D 75 %

The correct answer is:
25 %

Solution:
The genotype of Alia will be XXc since she receives only one Xc chromosome (colourblindness chromosome) from her father. Ranbeer may be XY or XcY (since his mother is a carrier).
So we consider two possibilities:
1 . Alia XXc and Ranbeer XY. In this, the daughters could be XX (not colourblind) or XXc (not colourblind)
2 . Alia XXc and Ranbeer XcY. In this, the daughters could be XXc (not colourblind) or XcXc (colourblind)
Thus there is only 1 in 4 chance that their daughter will be colourblind.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Major aerosol pollutant in jet plane emission is

Options:
A Sulphur dioxide
B Carbon monoxide
C Methane
D Fluorocarbon

The correct answer is:
Fluorocarbon

Solution:
Major aerosol pollutant in jet plane emission is fluorocarbon. These chlorofluorocarbons deplete the ozone layer in the higher atmosphere.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Major product is-

Options:
A
B
C
D None of these

The correct answer is:

Solution:
aromatic substitution occurs at para position to activated ring.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Major products A and B formed in the following reaction sequence, are

Options:
A

B

C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET, NEET 2024
Major products of the following reaction are

Options:
A CH3OH and HCO2H
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
(A) Aldehyde which do not have α -hydrogen give cannizzaro reaction.
(B) This is cross Cannizzaro reaction so more reactive carbonyl compound is oxidized and less reactive is reduced.
(C) HCHO acts as hydride donor.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Majority of plant viruses are transmitted by ________

Options:
A insects
B birds
C insects
D cattles

The correct answer is:
insects

Solution:
Most of the plant viruses depend on a particular vector for transmission and for further spreading of the infection. Most significantly used vectors are piercing–sucking insects that easily transmit plant viruses.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Majority of plants use

Options:
A biotic agent for pollination
B abiotic agent for pollination
C air for pollination
D water for pollination

The correct answer is:
biotic agent for pollination

Solution:
Majority of plants uses biotic agents for pollination. Only a small proportion of plants uses abiotic agents for pollination. As pollination by air or water is a by chance process, to increase the chance of pollination plant developed attractive flowers to attract biotic agents for pollination.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Majority of proteins (of intracellular use) are not synthesized on:

A - Ribosomes produced in the nucleolus
B - Ribosomes attached with ER and nuclear membrane
C - Ribosomes present in the chloroplast
D - Free ribosomes of eukaryotic cells
E - Ribosomal sub-units forming polyribosomes which are found in peri-mitochondrial space of prokaryotic cells

Options:
A A and D
B B, C and D
C D and E
D A, C and E

The correct answer is:
A and D

Solution:
All ribosomes are synthesized and assemble in nucleolus. Most of the protein are synthesized in cytosol of the cell. Some proteins that are produced in secretory cells are synthesized by ribosomes attach to rough endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membranes. These include the digestive enzymes produced in the stomach and the protein hormones like insulin produced in the pancreas.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Majority of the carbon on the Earth is

Options:
A present in plants on lands
B dissolved in oceans
C present in air as carbon dioxide
D present in animals as organic matter

The correct answer is:
dissolved in oceans

Solution:
The reservoir of carbon in the world is the oceans. Overall, 71% of the global carbon is dissolved in them. The oceanic reservoir regulates the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Majority of transgenic animals are:

Options:
A Mice
B Rabbit
C Pigs
D Cows

The correct answer is:
Mice

Solution:
Transgenic animals are those in whom the DNA is manipulated to possess and express an extra gene. Transgenic animals are specifically designed to allow the study of gene expressions, gene regulation and how genes affect normal function and development of the body. The commonly produced transgenic animals are rats, rabbits, sheep, pigs, fishes and cows. But out of these almost 95% transgenic animals are mice. Transgenic animals can be used to study normal physiology and development, disease, biological products, vaccine safety, chemical safety testing.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Male and female flowers are present on same plant in all of these, except:

Options:
A Fig
B Coconut
C Maize
D Date palm

The correct answer is:
Date palm

Solution:
If male and female flowers are present on the same plant then that condition is called monoecious conditions. It is found in Fig, coconut, and maize, etc but if male and female flowers are present on separate plants then that condition is known as the dioecious condition and it is found in Papaya and date palm, etc. Date palm belongs to the Palmaceae family.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Male and female gametes are ___.

Options:
A tetraploid
B triploid
C haploid
D diploid

The correct answer is:
haploid

Solution:
Male and female gametes are haploid

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Male and female gametophytes are independent and free-living in

Options:
A mustard
B castor
C Pinus
D Sphagnum

The correct answer is:
Sphagnum

Solution:
In bryophytes, the most conspicuous phase in life cycle is the gametophyte. It is independent and concemed with reproduction. In Sphagnum, male and female gametophytes are independent and free living.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
Male and female gametophytes do not have an independent free living existence in:

Options:
A Pteridophytes
B Algae
C Angiosperms
D Bryophytes

The correct answer is:
Angiosperms

Solution:
Within the anther, there are special diploid cells called pollen mother cells or microspore mother cells. The microspore mother cells undergo meiosis to produce haploid microspores or pollen grains. Pollen grains represent the highly reduced haploid male gametophyte.

The function of carpels is to produce ovules or megasporangia. Within the ovules, there are specialized cells called the megaspore mother cells (2n). The megaspores mother cells are diploid (2n) which undergo meiosis or reduction division to form haploid megaspores (n). The megaspores produce a multicellular female gametophyte or embryo sac.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)