datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Match the metal ions given in column I with the spin magnetic moments of the ions given in column II and assign the correct code

Column I	Column II

1.	Co3+	i.	8 BM

2.	Cr3+	ii.	35 BM

3.	Fe3+	iii.	3 BM

4.	Ni2+	iv.	24 BM

v.	15 BM

Options:
A

1	2	3	4

iv	i	ii	iii

B

1	2	3	4

i	ii	iii	iv

C

1	2	3	4

iv	v	ii	i

D

1	2	3	4

iii	v	i	ii

The correct answer is:

1	2	3	4

iv	v	ii	i

Solution:
Using Î¼=n(n+2)
Co3+=[Ar]3d6, unpaired e-(n)=4
Spin magnetic moment =4(4+2)=24 BM
Cr3+=[Ar]3d3, unpaired e-(n)=3
Spin magnetic moment =3(3+2)=15 BM
Fe3+=[Ar]3d5, unpaired e-(n)=5
Spin magnetic moment =5(5+2)=35 BM
Ni2+=[Ar]3d8, unpaired e-(n)=2
Spin magnetic moment =2(2+2)=8 BM

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Match the metal ions given in Column 'I' with the spin magnetic moments of the ions given in Column 'II'.

Column I	Column II

a. Co3+	i. 8 B.M.

b. Cr3+	ii. 35 B.M.

c. Fe3+	iii. 3 B.M.

d. Ni2+	iv. 24 B.M.

v. 15B.M

Options:
A abciviiiÂ Â Â Â diii
B abciiiviÂ Â Â Â dii
C abciiiiii div
D abcivvii di

The correct answer is:
abcivvii di

Solution:
Magnetic moment μ=nn+2 B.M.
(i) Co3+→1s22s22p63s23p64s03d6
n=4
μ= 44+2=24 B.M.
(ii) Cr+3→1s22s22p63s23p64s03d3
n=3
μ= 33+2= 15 B.M.
(iii) Fe3+→1s22s22p63s23p64s03d5
n=5
μ= 55+2= 35 B.M.
(iv) Ni+2→1s22s22p63s23p64s03d8
n=2
μ= 22+2= 8 B.M.

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET, NEET 2018
Match the microbes given in column I with the major role played by them given in column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

No.	Column I (Microbes)	No.	Column II (Functions)

I	Propionibacterium sharmanii	A	Produces an immunosuppressive agent

II	Streptococcus	B	Nitrogen fixation in soil

III	Trichoderma polysporum	C	Produce large holes in Swiss cheese

IV	Rhizobium	D	Produces enzyme used as clot-buster

Options:
A I-C, II-A, III-D, IV-B
B I-C, II-D, III-A, IV-B
C I-B, II-A, III-D, IV-C
D I-A, II-C, III-B, IV-D

The correct answer is:
I-C, II-D, III-A, IV-B

Solution:
I. Propionibacterium sharmanii is a bacterium which produces large amount of CO2 . This is responsible for the production of large holes which are seen in Swiss Cheese.
II. Streptococcus produces the enzyme 'streptokinase'. Streptokinase is modified by genetic engineering and used as a 'clot buster' for removing clots from blood vessels of patients who had a myocardial infarct.
III. Trichoderma polysporum produces 'cyclosporin-A', which is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant patients.
IV. Rhizobium forms nodules on the roots of leguminous plants through symbiotic associations. They are responsible for fixing atmospheric nitrogen in the soil.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Match the microbes to their respective products from the given columns.

Column I	Column II

a.	Clostridium	(i)	Statins

b.	Aspergillus	(ii)	Cyclosporin

c.	Trichoderma	(iii)	Citric acid

d.	Monascus	(iv)	Butyric acid

Options:
A a(iv), b(iii), c(ii), d(i)
B a(i), b(ii), c(iii), d(iv)
C a(iv), b(ii), c(iii), d(i)
D a(i), b(iii), c(ii), d(iv)

The correct answer is:
a(iv), b(iii), c(ii), d(i)

Solution:
A novel extractive fermentation for butyric acid production from glucose, using immobilized cells of Clostridium tyrobutyricum in a fibrous bed bioreactor, Various strains of A. niger are used in the industrial preparation of citric acid, [Cyclosporin A, a Peptide Metabolite from Trichoderma polysporum, with a remarkable immunosuppressive activity, monacolin K, is the principal statin produced by Monascus purpureus.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Match the molecules given from (List I) with the shape obtained through VSEPR theory (List II).

List (I) Molecules	List (II) Shapes

A	PCl5	i	V-Shaped

B	OF2	ii	Triangular planar

C	BCl3	iii	Trigonal bipyramidal

D	NH3	iv	Trigonal pyramidal

v	Tetrahedral

Options:
A A-i, B-v, C-iv, D-iii
B A-ii, B-iii, C-i, D-ii
C A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-v
D A-iii, B-i, C-ii, D-iv

The correct answer is:
A-iii, B-i, C-ii, D-iv

Solution:
Molecules	Hybridisation	Shape

A	PCl5	sp3d	Trigonal bipyramidal

B	OF2	sp3	V-shape

C	BCl3	sp2	Trigonal planer

D	NH3	sp3	Trigonal pyramidal

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Match the name of bones with their respective numbers and select the correct option from the codes given below.

No.	Name of bones	No.	Number of bones

I	Carpals	A	14

II	Metacarpals	B	5

III	Tarsals	C	8

IV	Phalanges	D	7

Options:
A I-C, II-D, III-B, IV-A
B I-A, II-B, III-D, IV-C
C I-C, II-B, III-D, IV-A
D I-A, II-D, III-B, IV-C

The correct answer is:
I-C, II-B, III-D, IV-A

Solution:
Carpals are wrist bones and are 8 in number.Metacarpals are palm bones and are 5 in number. Tarsals are ankle bones and are 7 in number. Phalanges are bones of digits and are 14 in number.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Match the name of the animal (column I), with one characteristic (column II), and the phylum/class (column III) to which it belongs.

Options:
A

Column I	Column II	Column III
Limulus	Body covered by chitinous exoskeleton	Pisces

B

Column I	Column II	Column III
Adamsia	Radially symmetrical	Porifera

C

Column I	Column II	Column III

Petromyzon	Ectoparasite	Cyclostomata

D

Column I	Column II	Column III
Ichthyophis	Terrestrial	Reptilia

The correct answer is:

Column I	Column II	Column III

Petromyzon	Ectoparasite	Cyclostomata

Solution:
Limulus belongs to phylum Arthropoda and its body is covered by a chitinous exoskeleton. Adamsia belongs to Phylum Coelenterata and is radially symmetrical. Petromyzon is an ectoparasite and belongs to class Cyclostomata. Icthyophis is a limbless amphibian.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Match the name of the animal (Column I) with one characteristics (Column II) and the phylum/class (Column III) to which it belongs

Options:
A (a)
B (b)
C (c)
D (d)

The correct answer is:
(a)

Solution:
Petromyzon (lamprey) is an ectoparasite on fishes, which belongs to Cyclostomata. lehthyophis is a limbless amphibian. Limutus (king crab) is a living fossil, which belongs to Arthropoda. Admasia having polyp body form is a coelenterate.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
Match the names correctly with their achievement.

Scientist	Contribution

a. E. Kurosawa	i. Isolated auxin from coleoptile tips of oat seedling

b. F. Skoog and Miller	ii. Confirmed the release of a volatile substance from ripened oranges that hastens ripening of bananas

c. F. W. Went	iii. The foolish seedling disease of rice

d. H.H. Cousins	iv. Identified and crystallized kinetin

Options:
A a-iii,Â b-ii,Â c-Â iv,Â d-i
B a-iii, b-iv, c- i, d-ii
C a-ii,Â b-i,Â c-Â iv,Â d-iii
D a-iii,Â b-i,Â c-ii,Â d-iv

The correct answer is:
a-iii, b-iv, c- i, d-ii

Solution:
Auxin was isolated by F.W. Went from tips of coleoptiles of oat seedlings. Skoog and Miller identified and crystallized the cytokinesis promoting active substances that they termed kinetin. E. Kurosawa reported the appearance of symptoms of the 'Bakane' (a foolish seedling disease in uninfected rice seedlings when they were treated with sterile filtrates of the fungus. H.H. Cousins confirmed the release of a volatile substance from ripened oranges that hastened the ripening of stored unripened bananas.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Match the organelles in column-I with their function in column-II and choose the correct option.

Column I	Column II

(a)	Golgi bodies	(i)	Helps in spindle formation

(b)	RER	(ii)	Synthesis and storage of fats

(c)	Microtubules	(iii)	Secretory proteins

(d)	Sphaerosomes	(iv)	Helps in pseudopodia formation

(v)	Acrosome of sperms

Options:
A a - (i), b - (ii), c - (iv), d - (v)
B a - (v), b - (iii), c - (i), d - (ii)
C a - (v), b - (iii), c - (iv), d - (ii)
D a - (iv), b - (iii), c - (v), d - (ii)

The correct answer is:
a - (v), b - (iii), c - (i), d - (ii)

Solution:
The acrosome is a cap-like structure that is derived from the Golgi apparatus. Ribosomes bind to the endoplasmic reticulum and are called rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the formation of secretory proteins through translation mechanism. Microtubules help in spindle formation during cell division. Spherosomes or oleosomes are small cellular organelles with a single membrane responsible for the storage and synthesis of lipids.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Match the organism with its related contribution in the field of biotechnology.

Column-I	Column-II

1	Escherichia coli	I	1st rDNA

2	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	II	pBR322

3	Thermus aquaticus	III	Ti plasmid

4	Salmonella typhimurium	IV	Polymerase used in PCR

Options:
A 1-I,Â 2-III,Â 3-II,Â 4-IV
B 1-II, 2-III, 3-IV, 4-I
C 1-III,Â 2-IV,Â 3-IV,Â 4-I
D 1-II,Â 2-I,Â 3-IV,Â 4-III

The correct answer is:
1-II, 2-III, 3-IV, 4-I

Solution:
1st recombinant DNA was constructed by Cohen and Boyer using the plasmid of Salmonella typhimurium
pBR322 is a plasmid cloning vector found in E. coli. Taq polymerase is an enzyme obtained from bacteria Thermus aquaticus used in PCR. This enzyme has high-temperature tolerance compared to other polymerases. A. tumefaciens is a known tumor-inducing microbe infecting plants in the roots. Its plasmid (Ti plasmid) has become a useful tool for recombination technology as this microbe originally transfers the Ti gene into the host genome.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Match the organism with its use in biotechnology.

(a)	Bacillus thuringiensis	(i)	Cloning vector

(b)	Thermus aquaticus	(ii)	Construction of first rDNA molecule

(c)	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	(iii)	DNA polymerase

(d)	Salmonella typhimurium	(iv)	Cry proteins

Options:
A (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
B (a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)
C (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
D (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i)

The correct answer is:
(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)

Solution:
The construction of the first recombinant DNA emerged from the possibility of linking a gene–encoding antibiotic resistance with a native plasmid (autonomously replicating circular extrachromosomal DNA) of Salmonella typhimurium. Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer accomplished this in 1972 by isolating the antibiotic resistance gene by cutting out a piece of DNA from a plasmid that was responsible for conferring antibiotic resistance.

The tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been modified (disarmed) into a cloning vector that is no more pathogenic to the plants but is able to use the mechanism to deliver genes of interest into a variety of plants.

A particular type of thermostable DNA polymerase often referred to by its popular nickname ‘Taq polymerase’, a heat–resistant enzyme isolated from the bacterium Thermus aquaticus is used in PCR.

B. thuringiensis during sporulation forms intracellular crystalline bodies (cry proteins) that contain an insecticidal protein called the endotoxins.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 1)
Match the organisms given in column I with their common names given in column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

No.	(Organism)	No.	(Common name)

I	Physalia	A	Liver fluke

II	Fasciola	B	Chiton

III	Hirudinaria	C	Portuguese man of war

IV	Chaetopleura	D	Blood-sucking leech

Options:
A I-B, II-D, III-A, IV-C
B I-C, II-D, III-A, IV-B
C I-C, II-A, III-D, IV-B
D I-A, II-C, III-B, IV-D

The correct answer is:
I-C, II-A, III-D, IV-B

Solution:
I. The common name of Physalia is Portuguese man of war. It belongs to the phylum Cnidaria.
II. The common name of Fasciola is Liver fluke. It belongs to phylum Platyhelminthes.
III. The common name of Hirudinaria is a blood-sucking leech. It belongs to phylum Ascehelminthes.
IV. The common name of Cheatopleura is Chiton. It belongs to phylum Mollusca.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Match the organisms given in column I with their respective phylum given in column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

Column I (Organisms)	Column II (Phylum)

I. Sea Anemone	A. Platyhelminthes

II. Liver fluke	B. Echinodermata

III. Ascaris	C. Coelenterata

IV. Asterias	D. Aschelminthes

Options:
A I-B,Â II-A,Â III-D,Â IV-C
B I-A,Â II-B,Â III-C,Â IV-D
C I-D,Â II-C,Â III-B,Â IV-A
D I-C, II-A, III-D, IV-B

The correct answer is:
I-C, II-A, III-D, IV-B

Solution:
Sea Anemone or Adamsia belongs to phylum Coelenterata or Cnidaria.
Liver fluke or Fasciola belongs to phylum Platyhelminthes.
Ascaris belongs to phylum Ascehelminthes.
Asterias or Starfish belongs to phylum Echinodermata.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Match the organisms in Column I with habitats in Column II
Select the correct option from the following

Options:
A 1.(iv) 2.(i) 3.(iii) 4.(ii)
B 1.(i) 2.(ii) 3.(iii) 4.(iv)
C 1.(iii) 2.(iv) 3.(ii) 4.(i)
D 1.(ii) 2.(iv) 3.(iii) 4.(i)

The correct answer is:
1.(iv) 2.(i) 3.(iii) 4.(ii)

Solution:
The correct match of organisms with their habitats are
- Halophiles live in salty areas
- Thermoacidophiles live in hot springs
- Methanogens live in guts of ruminants
- Cyanobacteria live in aquatic environment

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Match the organisms to their respective classes.

Column I	Column II

(i) Rhizopus	(a) Deuteromycetes

(ii) Ustilago	(b) Phycomycetes

(iii) Aspergillus	(c) Basidiomycetes

(iv) Colletotrichum	(d) Ascomycetes

Options:
A i-c, ii-d, iii-a, iv-b
B i-b , ii-c, iii-d, iv-a
C i-d, ii-c, iii-b, iv-a
D i-b , ii-d, iii-a, iv-c

The correct answer is:
i-b , ii-c, iii-d, iv-a

Solution:
Rhizopus, Ustilago, Aspergillus, and Colletotrichum are all types of fungi belonging to the class Phycomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Ascomycetes, and Deuteromycetes respectively. Ustilago is commonly known as smut.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Match the organisms with their excretory organs:

Organism	Excretory organ

a.	Earthworm	p.	Protonephridia

b.	Cockroach	q.	Green glands

c.	Rotifers	r.	Nephridia

d.	Prawn	s.	Malpighian tubule

Options:
A a-q, b-p, c-r, d-s
B a-r, b-q, c-s, d-p
C a-r, b-s, c-p, d-q
D a-r, b-s, c-q, d-p

The correct answer is:
a-r, b-s, c-p, d-q

Solution:
Earthworm is a segmented worm belonging to phylum Annelida and has excretory system comprising of Nephridia.
Cockroach is an insect from Arthropoda and is a scavenger. Malphigian tubule helps in removal of the waste from the body.
Green glands are a pair of excretory organs located near the head region of the crustaceans like prawns.
Rotifers are microscopic animals which live in aquatic habitat and can be found in freshwater habitat. These have flame cells or protonephridia as excretory organs.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Match the organs with their disease and select the appropriate combination.

(a)	Addisonâs disease	(i)	Pituitary

(b)	Tetany	(ii)	Thyroid

(c)	Acromegaly	(iii)	Adrenal cortex

(d)	Myxoedema	(iv)	Parathyroid

Options:
A a-iii, b-ii, c-i, d-(iv )
B a-i, b-iii, c-ii, d-iv
C a-iii, b –iv, c-i, d –ii
D a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i

The correct answer is:
a-iii, b –iv, c-i, d –ii

Solution:
Parathyroid tetany is caused due to hypoparathyroidism which results in low level of calcium in blood. This often causes cramping or twitching of muscles. Myxoedema is cause due to inactivity of thyroid. It is a type of hypothyroidism. Excessive secretion of growth hormone by pituitary gland in adult hood causes acromegaly. Addison's diseases is a type of endocrine disorder caused due to low amount of cortisol produced by adrenal.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Match the oxide given in column A with its property given in column B.
Which of the following options has all correct pairs?

Options:
A 1 - (ii), 2 - (i), 3 - (iv), 4 - (iii)
B 1 - (iii), 2 - (ii), 3 - (i), 4 - (iv)
C 1 - (i), 2 - (ii), 3 - (ii), 4 - (iii)
D 1 - (ii), 2 - (iv), 3 - (i), 4 - (iii)

The correct answer is:
1 - (ii), 2 - (iv), 3 - (i), 4 - (iii)

Solution:
Key Idea Metal oxides are basic, non-metal oxides are acidic while semi-metal oxides are amphoteric in nature. Thus, the basic character of oxides decreases across the period and increases down the group.
The correct match of oxide with its property are as follows:
$\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{O}$ - Basic
$\mathrm{Al}_2 \mathrm{O}_3-$ Amphoteric
$\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{O}$ - Neutral
$\mathrm{Cl}_2 \mathrm{O}_7$ - Acidic
Thus, option (4) is correct.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Match the physical changes in List-I with their relations given in List-II

List I
List II

P.
ÎG
1.
ÎU+PÎV

Q.
ÎH
2.
-nFE

R.
ÎSÂ°
3.
-RTlogeK

S.
ÎGÂ°
4.
nRlogeV2V1

Select the correct answer from the given codes

Options:
A P-2, Q-1, R-4, S-3
B P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4
C P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1
D P-1, Q-2, R-4, S-3

The correct answer is:
P-2, Q-1, R-4, S-3

Solution:
List I
List II

P.
ÎG
2.
-nFE

Q.
ÎH
1.
ÎU+PÎV

R.
ÎSÂ°
4.
nRlogeV2V1

S.
ÎGÂ°
3.
-RTlogeK

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
Match the phytohormones given in column I with their functions given in column II. Choose the answer with the correct combination of the alphabets of the two-column.

Column âI (Phytohormones)	Column â II (Function)

A	Auxins	(p)	Elongation of genetic dwarf plants

B	Gibberellins	(q)	Inducing fruit ripening

C	Cytokinins	(r)	Formation of the abscission layer

D	Ethylene	(s)	Root initiation on cutting the stem

(t)	Richmond lang effect

Options:
A A = r, B = s, C = p, D = t
B A = p, B = r, C = q, D = s
C A = s, B = t, C = r, D = q
D A = s, B = p, C = t, D = q

The correct answer is:
A = s, B = p, C = t, D = q

Solution:
Auxin promotes rooting in stem cutting. Gibberellins causes elongation of stem in genetically dwarf plants, it causes rapid internodal elongation known as bolting. Cytokinins delays the process of senescence known as Richmond - Lang effect. Ethylene is fruit ripening hormone.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Match the placental types (Column I) with their examples (Column II)
Select the correct option from the following

Options:
A 1.(ii) 2.(iii) 3.(iv) 4.(i)
B 1.(i) 2.(ii) 3.(iii) 4.(iv)
C 1.(iv) 2.(ii) 3.(i) 4.(iii)
D 1.(iii) 2.(iv) 3.(i) 4.(ii)

The correct answer is:
1.(iv) 2.(ii) 3.(i) 4.(iii)

Solution:
The correct matches are

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Match the plant and the part in relation to Vegetative Propagation

(A)	Dahlia	(P)	Eyes

(B)	Solanum tuberosum	(Q)	Offset

(C)	Bryophyllum	(R)	Fasciculated tuberous roots

(D)	Pistia	(S)	Epiphyllous buds

Options:
A A-R; B-P; C-Q; D-S
B A-S; B-P; C-Q; D-R
C A-R; B-P; C-S; D-Q
D A-Q; B-R; C-P; D-S

The correct answer is:
A-R; B-P; C-S; D-Q

Solution:
(A)	Dahlia	(R)	Fasciculated tuberous roots

(B)	Solanum tuberosum	(P)	Eyes

(C)	Bryophyllum	(S)	Epiphyllous buds

(D)	Pistia	(Q)	Offset

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Match the plant with the agent of pollination.

Plant	Agent of pollination

I. Yucca	A. Wind

II. Water Lily	B. Water

III. Corn	C. Moth

IV. Vallisneria	D. Insect

Options:
A I – C, II – A, III – D, IV – B
B I – C, II – D, III – A, IV – B
C I – C, II – B, III – D, IV – A
D I – C, II – A, III – B, IV – D

The correct answer is:
I – C, II – D, III – A, IV – B

Solution:
Yucca is pollinated by moth in return for a safe place to lay eggs. Water lily is pollinated by either insects or wind as it is an angiosperm and the flowers are above the surface of water. Corn is pollinated by wind. Vallisneria is pollinated by water.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Match the plant with the kind of life cycle it exhibits:

List-I	List-II

(a)	Spirogyra	(i)	Dominant diploid sporophyte vascular plant, with highly reduced male or female gametophyte

(b)	Fern	(ii)	Dominant haploid free-living gametophyte

(c)	Funaria	(iii)	Dominant diploid sporophyte alternating with reduced gametophyte called prothallus

(d)	Cycas	(iv)	Dominant haploid leafy gametophyte alternating with partially dependent mutlicellular sporophyte

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options:
A (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)
B (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
C (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)
D (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)

The correct answer is:
(a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)

Solution:
List-I	List-II

(a)	Spirogyra	(ii)

It is a filamentous green alga, member of Thallophyta. The predominant phase is haploid free-living gametophyte. They show haplontic life cycle.

(b)	Fern	(iii)	They are Pteridophyta members. The predominant plant body is diploid sporophyte alternating with reduced gametophyte called prothallus.They show diplo-haplontic life cycle.

(c)	Funaria	(iv)	They are Bryophyta members. The gameotyphyte is dominant haploid, and leafy. They have alternating partially parasitic mutlicellular, diploid sporophyte generations in their life cycle. They show haplo-diplontic life cycle.

(d)	Cycas	(i)	All Gymnosperms are dominant diploid sporophyte vascular plant, with highly reduced male or female gametophyte. They have highly reduced gametophytic, haploid generation and diplontic life cycle.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 1)
Match the products obtained by biotechnology in Column I with Column II and choose the correct alternative

Options:
A (A)-(iii),Â (B)-(i),Â (C)-(iv),Â (D)-(ii),Â (E)-(v)
B (A)-(iii),Â (B)-(ii),Â (C)-(i),Â (D)-(v),Â (E)-(iv)
C (A)-(iv),Â (B)-(iii),Â (C)-(ii),Â (D)-(i),Â (E)-(v)
D (A)-(ii), (B)-(v), (C)-(iv), (D)-(i), (E)-(iii)

The correct answer is:
(A)-(ii), (B)-(v), (C)-(iv), (D)-(i), (E)-(iii)

Solution:
Calcitonin is a peptide hormone; secreted by thyroid gland and it reduces calcium levels in blood. Initially, calcitonin was isolated from the glands of salmon fish, but now it is possible to make large quantities with the use of recombinant DNA technology.
Gonadotropins are hormones synthesized and released by pituitary gland. They act on the gonads (testes and ovaries) to increase the production of sex hormones and stimulate production of either sperm or ova.
Erythropoietin is a hormone produced primarily by the kidneys and it plays a role in the production of red blood cells.
Interferon is released by cells to fight against virus.
Interleukin regulate the immune response.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Match the property of the given plant with its example

No.	Property	No	Example

I	Phanerogam without ovary	A	Marchantia

II	Vascular cryptogam	B	Zea mays

III	Amphibian plant	C	Pinus

IV	Phanerogam with fruits	D	Azolla

Options:
A I-C, II- A, III- D, IV- B
B I-C, II-D, III-A, IV-B
C I-B, II-A, III-D, IV-C
D I-D, II-A, III-B, IV-C

The correct answer is:
I-C, II-D, III-A, IV-B

Solution:
Amphibian plants are bryophytes. Marchantia is a liverwort belonging to the Bryophyta group. Cryptogams are those plants in which sex organs are hidden. Algae, bryophytes and pteridophytes are cryptogams but the only pteridophytes have xylem and phloem. Hence, they are called vascular cryptogams. Azolla whose leaves form a symbiotic association with cyanobacterium Anaebana, is a pteridophyte. Phanerogams or spermatophytes are seed-producing plants. Phanerogams with exposed seed and without ovary and fruit are gymnosperms. Pinus is a gymnosperm. Phanerogams with seeds enclosed in fruits are angiosperms. Zea mays (Maize) is a monocotyledon angiosperm.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Match the recently extinct animals with their region of habitat

Column –I	Column –II

A	Thylacine	i	Russia

B	Dodo	ii	Africa

C	Steller’s sea cow	iii	Mauritius

D	Quagga	iv	Australia

Options:
A A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii
B A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i
C A-iv, B-i, C-iii, D-ii
D A-iv, B-iii, C-i, D-ii

The correct answer is:
A-iv, B-iii, C-i, D-ii

Solution:
The IUCN Red List (2004) documents the extinction of 784 species (including 338 vertebrates, 359 invertebrates and 87 plants) in the last 500 years. Some examples of recent extinctions include the Dodo (Mauritius), Quagga (Africa), Thylacine (Australia), Steller’s Sea Cow (Russia) and three subspecies (Bali, Javan, Caspian) of the tiger.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET