datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Inspiration is achieved when

Options:
A intrapulmonary pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure
B intrapulmonary pressure is greater than the atmospheric pressure
C intrapulmonary pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure
D intrapleural pressure becomes more than the intra alveolar pressure

The correct answer is:
intrapulmonary pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure

Solution:
Inspiration is the process in which the atmospheric air is drawn inside into the lungs. During inspiration, the dome shaped diaphragm becomes flat. As a result, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases. In accordance with Boyle's law, volume and pressure have inverse relation with each other. Thus, the intrapulmonary pressure becomes lesser than that of the atmospheric pressure. Air always flows from a region of high to low pressure. Thus, in this case, the air flows from outside into the lungs.
When the intrapulmonary pressure becomes greater than that of atmospheric pressure, it results in expulsion of air outside the lungs i.e. expiration.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Inspite of interspecific competition in nature, which mechanism the competing species might have evolved for their survival?

Options:
A Resource partitioning
B Competitive release
C Mutualism
D Predation

The correct answer is:
Resource partitioning

Solution:
Resource partitioning- If two species compete for the same resource, they could avoid competition by choosing, for instance, different times for feeding or different foraging patterns. Resource partitioning is also known as niche differentiation. This is a process of natural selection that will force competitors to use resources differently and this avoids competition between species and allow for coexistence.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET, NEET 2021
Inspite of long range order in the arrangement of particles why are the crystals usually not perfect?

Options:
A Because crystals lack a fixed structure.
B Because in the process of crystallisation some deviations from the ideal arrangement (i.e. defects) may be introduced, therefore, crystals are usually not perfect.
C Because the particles within crystals are disordered.
D Because crystals are inherently amorphous in nature.

The correct answer is:
Because in the process of crystallisation some deviations from the ideal arrangement (i.e. defects) may be introduced, therefore, crystals are usually not perfect.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Because in the process of crystallisation some deviations from the ideal arrangement (i.e. defects) may be introduced, therefore, crystals are usually not perfect.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Insulin acts upon:

Options:
A Hepatocytes but no effect on adipocytes
B Adipocytes but no effect on hepatocytes
C Hepatocytes and adipocytes both
D Neither hepatocytes nor on adipocytes

The correct answer is:
Hepatocytes and adipocytes both

Solution:
Insulin performs following functions :
1. Insulin enhances the rapid movement of glucose from blood to hepatocytes and adipocytes.
2. It increases the glucose uptake by the cells and utilisation.
3. It stimulates the process of glycogenesis (conversion of glucose to glycogen) in the target cells.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Insulin (C6H10O5)n dissolved in a medium shows osmotic pressure π at C gm/ cm3 concentration and 300 K temperature. The slope of plot of π against C is 4.1×10-3 . Molecular mass of insulin is

Options:
A 3×103
B 6×106
C 3×106
D 6×103

The correct answer is:
6×106

Solution:
ÏV1000=nRT V in Cm3
ÏV=wBÃ1000MBRT
Ï=wBV1000RTM=CÃ1000RTMB
When Ï is plotted against C, the slope will be equal to 1000RTMB .
So 4.1Ã10-3=1000Ã0.082Ã300MB
MB=6Ã106 .

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Intentional or voluntary termination of pregnancy before full term is called medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) or induced abortion. Which of the following is incorrect about MTP?

Options:
A MTP has a significant role in decreasing the population.
B Government of India legalised MTP in 1971 with some strict conditions to avoid its misuse.
C MTPs are considered relatively safe during the first trimester in comparison to second trimester abortions.
D MTP is not allowed if the pregnancy is the result of rape.

The correct answer is:
MTP is not allowed if the pregnancy is the result of rape.

Solution:
The government of India has legalized MTP in 1971 with some strict conditions. MTP is done in cases like - Failure of the contraceptives, rape victim, and continuation of the pregnancy if it may become harmful or fatal either to the mother or to the foetus or both. MTPs if done during the first trimester (up to 12 weeks of pregnancy) is usually safe. Second-trimester abortions are very risky.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Intentional or voluntary termination of pregnancy before full term is called:

Options:
A MTP
B Miscarriage
C Natural abortion
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
MTP

Solution:
Intentional or voluntary termination of pregnancy before full term is called medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) or induced abortion.
The termination of pregnancy naturally due to hormonal imbalance and other related abnormalities/ issues within first trimester is called miscarriage or natural abortion.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Interaction between individuals of different species wherein both are negatively affected is called ___.

Options:
A Mutualism
B Interspecific competition
C Commensalism
D Predation

The correct answer is:
Interspecific competition

Solution:
Interaction between individuals of different species wherein both are negatively affected is called Interspecific competition

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Intercostal muscles are attached to:

Options:
A Abdomen
B Thigh
C Ribs
D Diaphragm

The correct answer is:
Ribs

Solution:
Intercostal muscles (external intercostal & internal intercostal) are attached with the ribs which help in the movement of rib cage during breathing.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Interfascicular cambium and cork cambium are formed due to

Options:
A Cell division
B Cell differentiation
C Cell dedifferentiation
D Redifferentiation

The correct answer is:
Cell dedifferentiation

Solution:
Interfascicular cambium and cork cambium are formed due to cell dedifferentiation.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Interfascicular cambium develops from the cells of

Options:
A medullary rays
B xylem parenchyma
C endodermis
D pericycle

The correct answer is:
medullary rays

Solution:
In dicot stems, the cells of cambium present between primary xylem and primary phloem is the intrafasicular cambium. The cells of medullary rays, adjoining these intrafascicular cambium become meristematic and form the interfascicular cambium. Xylem parenchyma are living and thin-walled and their cell walls are made up of cellulose. In dicot roots the innermost layer of the cortex is called endodermis. Next to endodermis lies a few layers of thick-walled parenchymatous cells called as pericycle.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
Interference is observed due to two coherent sources A and B having zero phase difference separated by a distance 4Î» along the y-axis, where Î» is the wavelength of the source. A detector D is moved on the positive x-axis. The number of points on the x-axis excluding the points x=0 and x=â at which maximum will be observed is

Options:
A three
B four
C two
D infinite

The correct answer is:
three

Solution:
At x=0 path difference is 4λ i.e. fifth bright fringe will be obtained at x=0 and at x=∞, path difference is 0, hence first or central bright fringe will be obtained at x=∞, therefore between 1st and 5th bright fringe, the number of fringes will be 3.

Topic: Physics, Waves and Sound, NEET
Interference pattern can be observed due to superposition of the following waves:
A. $y=a \sin \omega t$
B. $y=a \sin 2 \omega t$
C. $y=a \sin (\omega t-\phi)$
D. $y=a \sin 3 \omega t$
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Options:
A B and C
B B and D
C A and C
D A and B

The correct answer is:
A and C

Solution:
For interference pattem to be observed the sources must be coherent. Hence the superposition of waves $y=a \sin (\omega t) \& y=a \sin (\omega t-\phi)$ would result in interference.

Topic: Physics, Wave Optics, NEET, NEET 2024 (Re-NEET)
Interferon can be used in the treatment of:

Options:
A Ascariasis
B Cancer
C Filariasis
D More than one option is correct

The correct answer is:
Cancer

Solution:
Tumor cells have been shown to avoid detection and destruction by immune system. Therefore, the patients are given substances called biological response modifiers such as a-interferon which activates their immune system and helps in destroying the tumor.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Intermediate product of hydrolysis of cyanide is

Options:
A RCOONH4
B RCONH2
C
D R–C≡N⊕H

The correct answer is:
RCONH2

Solution:
Intermediate product of hydrolysis of cyanide is RCONH2

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Intermolecular forces are forces of attraction and repulsion between interacting particles that will include :

A. dipole-dipole forces.
B. dipole-induced dipole forces.
C. hydrogen bonding.
D. covalent bonding.
E. dispersion forces.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Options:
A A, C, D, E are correct.
B B, C, D, E are correct.
C A, B, C, D are correct.
D A, B, C, E are correct.

The correct answer is:
A, B, C, E are correct.

Solution:
Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction and repulsion between interacting particles (atoms and molecules). This term does not include the electrostatic forces that exist between the two oppositely charged ions and the forces that hold atoms of a molecule together i.e., covalent bonds.

Among the given forces, the following are the Intermolecular forces,

Dipole-dipole forces act between the molecules possessing permanent dipole.

Dipole–Induced Dipole Forces type of attractive forces operate between the polar molecules having permanent dipole and the molecules lacking permanent dipole

Hydrogen bonding is a special type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules, not a covalent bond to a hydrogen atom. It results from the attractive force between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom such as a N, O, or F atom and another very electronegative atom.

In dispersion forces, Atoms and nonpolar molecules are electrically symmetrical and have no dipole moment because their electronic charge cloud is symmetrically distributed. But a dipole may develop momentarily even in such atoms and molecules

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2023 (All India)
Internal bleeding, muscular pain, blockage of the intestinal passage and anaemia are some of the symptoms caused due to infection by

Options:
A Wuchereria
B Trichophyton
C Ascaris
D Plasmodium

The correct answer is:
Ascaris

Solution:
Ascariasis is an infection of the small intestine caused by roundworm species. People contract this disease through contaminated food & water. This infection usually causes no symptoms, however in case of severe infestation lungs and intestines may be affected. The roundworms in lungs cause persistent cough, breathing issues etc and when intestines are affected, the person experiences intestinal blockage, anaemia etc. Wherein causes fever, inguinal pain and genital swelling. Trichophyton causes typical infections like jock's itch or athlete's foot.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Internal energy and pressure of a gas unit volume are related as

Options:
A P=23U
B P=32U
C P=U2
D P=2U

The correct answer is:
P=23U

Solution:
PV = RT
P×1=RT
Also, internal enrgy U=32RT
So U=32P
or P=23U .

Topic: Chemistry, States of Matter, NEET
Internal factor affecting photosynthesis is/are:

Options:
A Number and size of leaf
B Age of leaf and orientation
C Internal CO2 concentration and amount of chlorophyll
D All the above

The correct answer is:
All the above

Solution:
Photosyntheis is under influence of several internal and external factors. The plant factors include the number, size, age and orientation of leaves, mesophyll cells and chloroplast, internal CO2 concentration and the amount of chlorophyll present.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
Internal fertilization is seen in

Options:
A Algae
B Amphibians
C Fungi
D Bony fishes

The correct answer is:
Fungi

Solution:
The type of fertilization in which the male and female gametes unite outside the body, in water is called external fertilization. Algae, amphibians and bony fishes undergo external fertilization. The type of fertilization in which the male and female gametes unite inside the body is called internal fertilization. Fungi, higher plants and most of the higher animals undergo internal fertilization.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Internal forces can change

Options:
A the linear momentum but not the kinetic energy of the system
B the kinetic energy but not the linear momentum of the system
C linear momentum as well as kinetic energy of the system
D neither the linear momentum nor the kinetic energy of the system

The correct answer is:
the kinetic energy but not the linear momentum of the system

Solution:
Only external force can change the momentum of the system while internal forces can change the momentum of individual particles and hence the kinetic energy of the system.

Topic: Physics, Center of Mass Momentum and Collision, NEET
International day for conservation of biodiversity is celebrated on

Options:
A 5th June
B 22nd May
C 7th April
D 1st December

The correct answer is:
22nd May

Solution:
5th June: World environment day,
7th April: World health day,
1st December: World AIDS awareness day

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Interspecific hybridization is the mating of

Options:
A Animals within same breed without having common ancestors
B Two different related species
C Superior males and females of different breeds
D More closely related individuals within same breed for 4-6 generations

The correct answer is:
Two different related species

Solution:
Interspecific hybridization is the mating of animals of two different related species. For example, when a lioness crosses with a male leopard, the result is a leopon. This allows the exploitation of useful genes from wild, unimproved species for the benefit of the cultivated species.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
Interspecific hybridization is the mating of

Options:
A Animals within same breed without having common ancestors
B Two different related species
C Superior males and females of different breeds
D More closely related individuals within same breed for 4-6 generations

The correct answer is:
Two different related species

Solution:
Interspecific hybridization is the mating of animals of two different related species. For example, when a lioness crosses with a male leopard, the result is a leopon.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Intervertebral disc is found in the vertebral column of

Options:
A birds
B reptiles
C mammals
D amphibians.

The correct answer is:
mammals

Solution:
Intervertebral discs are found in the vertebral column of mammals. They are present between adjacent vertebrae from second cervical vertebra to the sacrum. The discs form strong joints, allow various movements of the vertebral column and absorb vertical shock.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Intra uterine devices (IUDs) are inserted by doctors or expert nurses in the uterus through vagina. These IUDs are presently available as the non-medicated IUDs (e.g., _____1_____), copper releasing IUDs (_____2_____) and the hormone releasing IUDs (_____3_____).

Options:
A

1	2	3
Lippes loop	Cu-7, Cu T, Progestasert,	Multiload 375, LNG-20

B

1	2	3

Lippes loop	Cu-7, Cu T, Multiload 375	Progestasert, LNG-20

C

1	2	3
Lippes loop, Multiload 375	Cu-7, Cu T, Progestasert,	LNG-20

D

1	2	3
Lippes loop, Multiload 375	Cu-7, Cu T,	Progestasert, LNG-20

The correct answer is:

1	2	3

Lippes loop	Cu-7, Cu T, Multiload 375	Progestasert, LNG-20

Solution:
Types of IUDs :
I. Non-medicated IUDs: Lippes loop.
II. Copper releasing IUDs: CuT, Cu7, Multiload 375.
III. Hormone releasing IUDs: Progestasert, LNG-20.
Mechanism: IUDs induce the contraceptive effect by following mechanisms.
a. IUDs promote the phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus.
b. Cu ions released suppress the sperm motility and the fertilising capacity of sperms.
c. IUDs also make the uterus unfavourable for implantation and the cervix hostile to the sperms.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Intracellular space is divided into two distinct compartments, i.e., luminal and extraluminal in:

Options:
A Nucleus
B Endoplasmic reticulum
C Golgi bodies
D Lysosomes

The correct answer is:
Endoplasmic reticulum

Solution:
The network of tiny tubular structures is scattered in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. This network is called the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This ER divides the intracellular space into luminal (inside the reticulum) and extraluminal (in the cytoplasm) compartments. If the reticulum has ribosomes on their surface, they are called rough endoplasmic reticulum and if no ribosomes are present then they are known as the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Intramolecular hydrogen bonding is present in

Options:
A

B

C HF
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
In o-nitrophenol intramolecular H -bonding is present.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2024
Intrinsic factor is essential for the absorption of vitamin:

Options:
A B12
B B2
C B3
D B7

The correct answer is:
B12

Solution:
The gastric gland comprises of three types of cells:
1. Mucous neck cells which secrete mucus
2. Peptic or chief cells which secrete pepsinogen
3. Oxyntic or parietal cells which secrete HCl and intrinsic factor
This intrinsic factor is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 by the body.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
Intrinsic factor that helps in the absorption of vitamin B12 is secreted by:

Options:
A Goblet cells
B Hepatic cells
C Oxyntic cells
D Chief cells

The correct answer is:
Oxyntic cells

Solution:
Parietal or oxyntic cells secrete two important components, i.e. HCl and castle intrinsic factor.

HCl is responsible for making the stomach environment acidic in nature (pH 1-3) and activation of pepsinogen to pepsin.

Castle intrinsic factor is essential for absorption of vitamin B12.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
Intrinsic rate of natural increase is

Options:
A The sum of birth rates and death rates
B The difference between birth rates and death rates
C The sum birth rate and immigration
D The difference between sum of birth rate and immigration and sum of death rate and emigration

The correct answer is:
The difference between birth rates and death rates

Solution:
The intrinsic rate of natural increase, denoted by 'r' is the difference in the birth rate and death rate. The r-value of the Norway rat is 0.015, and the flour beetle it is 0.12. The r-value helps us in understanding the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on population growth.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Introduction of attenuated pathogens in human body results in ______________.

Options:
A Artificial acquired active immunity
B Artificial acquired passive immunity
C Natural acquired active immunity
D Nature acquired passive immunity

The correct answer is:
Artificial acquired active immunity

Solution:
An attenuated vaccine is a vaccine created by reducing the virulence of a pathogen, but still keeping it viable Attenuation takes an infectious agent and alters it so that it becomes harmless or less virulent. The method of injecting these pathogens is artificial acquired active immunity.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Introduction of exotic species in an area can have deleterious effects on biological communities by

Options:
A Displacing native species
B Preying on native species
C Competing with native species for food/shelter
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
If any exotic or foreign species is introduced in an area then it competes with native species for resources and results in the elimination of inferior species. If exotic species are competitively superior to it may completely eliminate the inferior native species.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Introduction of food plants developed by genetic engineering is not desirable because:

Options:
A economy of developing countries may suffer
B these products are less tasty as compared to the already existing products
C this method is costly
D there is danger of coming viruses, allergens and toxins with introduced crop

The correct answer is:
there is danger of coming viruses, allergens and toxins with introduced crop

Solution:
One specific concern is the possibility for GMOs to negatively affect human health. This could result from differences in nutritional content, allergic response, or undesired side effects such as toxicity, organ damage, or gene transfer.
Related Theory
Some benefits of genetic engineering in agriculture are increased crop yields, reduced costs for food or drug production, reduced need for pesticides, enhanced nutrient composition and food quality, resistance to pests and disease, greater food security, and medical benefits to the world's growing population.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET, NEET 2002
Introduction of food plants developed by genetic engineering is not desirable because

Options:
A Economy of developing countries may suffer
B These products are less tasty as compared to the already existing products
C This method is costly
D Transgenic food may cause toxicity and allergy in human beings, and the bacteria present in the alimentary canal may become resistant to antibiotics by taking up the antibiotic-resistant gene that is present in the GM food.

The correct answer is:
Transgenic food may cause toxicity and allergy in human beings, and the bacteria present in the alimentary canal may become resistant to antibiotics by taking up the antibiotic-resistant gene that is present in the GM food.

Solution:
GM food may cause toxicity or produce allergies. The enzyme produced by the antibiotic resistance gene can cause allergies, as it is a foreign protein. The antibiotic resistance gene present in the GM food can be taken up by the bacteria present in the alimentary canal and thus the bacteria can become resistant to the concerned antibiotic.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Inulin found in plant cell is a

Options:
A Lipid
B Protein
C Polysaccharide
D Vitamin

The correct answer is:
Polysaccharide

Solution:
It is an unusual polysaccharide and polymer of fructose. It is used as a fructose, particularly in roots and tubers of the family Compositae (e.g. Dahlia tubers).

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Inulin is a polymer of __________.

Options:
A Fructose
B Sucrose
C Glucose
D Glycogen

The correct answer is:
Fructose

Solution:
Polysaccharides are long chains of sugars. They are threads (literally a cotton thread) containing different monosaccharides as building blocks. For example, Inulin is a polymer of fructose.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Inulin is a polymer of:

Options:
A Amino acids
B Glucose
C Fructose
D Galactose

The correct answer is:
Fructose

Solution:
Option (3) is the answer because, inulin is a polymer of fructose.
Option (1) is not the answer because, amino acids are building blocks of proteins.
Option (2) is not the answer because, polymers of glucose are cellulose, starch and glycogen.
Option (4) is not the answer because, glucose and galactose are monosaccharides.

Topic: Biology, Biomolecules (B), NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)