datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
D[R]/dt=-k is differential rate law for which order reaction?

Options:
A 0
B 1
C 2
D None of these

The correct answer is:
0

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
0

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
Drosophila melanogaster genome consists of

Options:
A 3 pair of autosome + one pair of allosome
B 2 pair of autosome + 2 pair of allosome
C 1 pair of autosome + 3 pair of allosomes
D 2 pair of autosome + 1 pair of allosomes

The correct answer is:
3 pair of autosome + one pair of allosome

Solution:
Drosophila melanogaster consists of 2n = 8 chromosomes. It consists of three pairs of autosomes and a pair of allosomes. Female consists of 3 pairs of autosome and 2X chromosome and male consist of 3 pairs of autosome and X and Y chromosome.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Drosophila melanogaster has 8 chromosomes in its somatic cells. How many linkage groups will be there?

Options:
A 4
B 8
C 2
D 5

The correct answer is:
4

Solution:
The number of linkage groups in an organism is equal to the haploid number of chromosomes. In Drosophila melanogaster, 2n = 8, hence n = 4 linkage groups.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Drosophila with y+ w/y w genotype has

Options:
A brown body, red eyes
B yellow body, red eyes
C yellow body, white eyes
D brown body, white eyes

The correct answer is:
brown body, white eyes

Solution:
According to Morgan's notations wild variety (dominant) were denoted by + sign.
Yellow body allele: y. Brown body allele: y +
White eye allele: w. Red eye allele: w +
Drosophila with y + w/y w genotype has Brown body as it has y + and white eyes as it has only w.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Drug called 'Heroin' is synthesized by:

Options:
A Methylation of morphine
B Acetylation of morphine
C Glycosylation of morphine
D Nitration of morphine

The correct answer is:
Acetylation of morphine

Solution:
Heroin, also called diacetylmorphine, is highly addictive morphine derivative. Heroin is made by treating morphine with acetic anhydride; causing acetylation of the two hydroxyl groups of morphine. The resulting substance is four to eight times as potent as morphine. (Morphine is an alkaloid found in opium, which is the dried milky exudate obtained from the unripe seed pods of the poppy plant.)

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
Drugs that cause an increase in blood pressure and heart rate is

Options:
A Tranquillizers
B Teratogens
C Opiates
D Nicotine

The correct answer is:
Nicotine

Solution:
Nicotine stimulates the adrenal gland to release adrenaline and nor-adrenaline into blood circulation, both of which raise blood pressure and increase heart rate.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Drugs used as tranquilizer and sedative in the following is

Options:
A Sulphadiazine
B Equanil
C Papaverine
D Mescaline

The correct answer is:
Equanil

Solution:
Tranquilizers reduce anxiety and tension; these are of two type.
(A) Sedative the drugs used for violent and mentaly agitated patient e.g., Equanil and diazepam.
(B) Antidepressant – The drug are used to patients who are highly depressed and lose self-confidence e.g. tofranil vitalin, amphetamine etc.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Drugs which do not bind to the enzyme's active site, but to different site. This different site is called

Options:
A inhibition site
B competitive site
C allosteric site
D none of these

The correct answer is:
allosteric site

Solution:
Allosteric site is the place on an enzyme where a molecule that is not substrate may bind on enzyme but not on the place for substrate.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Drupes develop from

Options:
A monocarpellary superior ovaries
B monocarpellary inferior ovaries
C bicarpellary superior ovaries
D bicarpellary inferior ovaries

The correct answer is:
monocarpellary superior ovaries

Solution:
In mango and coconut, the fruit is known as a drupe. They develop from monocarpellary superior ovaries and are one-seeded. In mango, the pericarp is well-differentiated into an outer thin epicarp, a middle fleshy edible mesocarp and an inner stony hard endocarp. In coconut which is also a drupe, the mesocarp is fibrous.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Drying agent which react with CO2 and removes water vapours is

Options:
A CaO
B CaCl2
C CaCO3
D Ca(NO3)2

The correct answer is:
CaO

Solution:
Calcium oxide (CaO) i.e., quick lime is a drying agent and can react with CO2 and water vapours as follows
CaO+CO2→CaCO3
CaO+H2O→Ca(OH)2

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Dual behaviour of matter proposed by de Broglie led to the discovery of electron microscope often used for the highly magnified images of biological molecules and other type of material. If the velocity of the electron in this microscope is 1.6 × 106ms–1, what is the de Broglie wavelength associated with this electron?

Options:
A 689 pm
B 455 pm
C 539 pm
D 215 pm

The correct answer is:
455 pm

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
455 pm

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Dual nature of particles was proposed by

Options:
A Lowry
B Heisenberg
C de-Broglie
D Schrodinger

The correct answer is:
de-Broglie

Solution:
Dual nature of particle was proposed by de-broglie who gave the following equation for the wavelength.
λ=hmv

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Due to increasing air-borne allergens and pollutants, many people in urban areas are suffering from respiratory disorder causing wheezing due to

Options:
A benign growth on mucous lining of nasal cavity.
B inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles.
C proliferation of fibrous tissues and damage of the alveolar walls.
D reduction in the secretion of surfactants by pneumocytes.

The correct answer is:
inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles.

Solution:
Allergic bronchitis involves inflammation of the bronchi caused by an allergen, or something to which you are allergic. Airway irritants, such as pollen, dust, and mold, can trigger symptoms. It causes difficulty in breathing and followed with a severe cough, restlessness, cough and a wheezing sound while breathing.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
Due to nondisjunction of chromosomes during spermatogenesis, sperms carry both sex chromosomes (22A + XY) and some sperms do not carry any sex chromosome (22A + O). If these sperms fertilize normal eggs (22A + X), what types of genetic disorders appear among the offsprings?

Options:
A Klinefelter's syndrome and Turner's syndrome
B Down's syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome
C Down's syndrome and Turner's syndrome
D Down's syndrome and Cri-du-chat syndrome

The correct answer is:
Klinefelter's syndrome and Turner's syndrome

Solution:
Klinefelter's syndrome is due to trisomy of sex (X) chromosomes. It is formed by the union of an abnormal XX egg and normal Y sperm or normal X egg and abnormal XY sperm. The individual has 47 chromosomes (44 + XXY). Such persons are sterile males (called feminized male) with undeveloped testes, mental retardation, female-like sparse body hair, and knock knees, long limbs and with some female characteristics such as feminine pitched voice and enlarged breasts (gynaecomastia).
Turner's syndrome occurs due to monosomy, i.e., (2n - 1). It is formed by the union of an abnormal 0 egg and a normal X sperm or a normal egg and an abnormal 0 sperm. The individual has 2n = 45 chromosomes (44 + X), instead of 46. Such individuals are sterile females who have rudimentary ovaries, undeveloped breasts, small uterus, puffy fingers, short stature (less than 5 feet), webbed neck, abnormal intelligence, cardiovascular abnormalities and hearing impairment.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Due to nondisjunction of chromosomes during spermatogenesis, sperms carry both sex chromosomes (22A + XY) and some sperms do not carry any sex chromosome (22A + O). If these sperms fertilize normal eggs (22A + X), what types of genetic disorders appear among the offsprings?

Options:
A Turner's syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome
B Down's syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome
C Down's syndrome and Turner's syndrome
D Down's syndrome and Cri-du-chat syndrome

The correct answer is:
Turner's syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome

Solution:
Turner's syndrome occurs due to monosomy, i.e., (2n - 1). It is formed by the union of an abnormal 0 egg and a normal X sperm or a normal egg and an abnormal 0 sperm. The individual has 2n = 45 chromosomes (44 + X), instead of 46. Such individuals are sterile females who have rudimentary ovaries, undeveloped breasts, small uterus, puffy fingers, short stature (less than 5 feet), webbed neck, abnormal intelligence, cardiovascular abnormalities and hearing impairment.
Klinefelter's syndrome is due to trisomy of sex (X) chromosomes. It is formed by the union of an abnormal XX egg and normal Y sperm or normal X egg and abnormal XY sperm. The individual has 47 chromosomes (44 + XXY). Such persons are sterile males (called feminised male) with undeveloped testes, mental retardation, female like sparse body hair, and knock knees, long limbs and with some female characteristics such as feminine pitched voice and enlarged breasts (gynaecomastia).

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Duodenum has characteristic Brunner's gland which secrete two hormones called:

Options:
A kinase, estrogen
B secretin, cholecystokinin
C prolactin, parathormone
D estradiol, progesterone.

The correct answer is:
secretin, cholecystokinin

Solution:
Brunner's glands are present in the duodenum region of small intestine. They secretes two hormones secretin and cholecystokinin. Oestrogen is secreted by ovary. Progesterone is secreted by corpus luteum. Prolactin is secreted by anterior pituitary. Parathormone is secreted by parathyroid gland.
Related Theory
Brunner's glands are located in the submucosa of the duodenum. They secrete an alkaline fluid containing mucin, which protects the mucosa from the acidic stomach contents entering the duodenum. It stimulates the release of digestive enzymes in the pancreas and stimulates the contraction of the gall bladder to empty bile into the duodenum.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET, NEET 2004
Duration of lactational amenorrhoea may extend upto

Options:
A 1 month
B 15 days
C 6 months
D 5 years

The correct answer is:
6 months

Solution:
Lactational amenorrhoea: It refers to the absence of menstruation (amenorrhea) and menstrual cycle during the period of intense lactation following parturition. Chances of conception are almost nil, as long as the mother breast-feeds the child.
Duration: Upto a maximum period of 6 months following parturition. Side effects are almost nil (as no medicines or devices are used) and chances of failure are also high.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
During a normal respiration, the volume of air expired or inspired is referred to as ___ volume.

Options:
A Respiratory
B tidal
C sea
D breathe

The correct answer is:
tidal

Solution:
During a normal respiration, the volume of air expired or inspired is referred to as tidal volume.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
During a nuclear fusion reaction

Options:
A a heavy nuclei breaks into two fragments by itself
B a light nuclei bombarded by thermal neutrons break up
C a heavy nuclei bombarded by thermal neutrons break up
D two light nuclei combine to give a heavier nucleus and possibly other products

The correct answer is:
two light nuclei combine to give a heavier nucleus and possibly other products

Solution:
In fusion, two lighter nuclei combine to give a heavier nucleus and possibly other products.

Topic: Physics, Nuclear Physics, NEET
During a procedure, a blood sample is drawn from a patient and kept it in a test tube for analysis of blood corpuscles and plasma. Which of the following tubes cannot be used for the purpose?

Options:
A

Test tube containing calcium bicarbonate

B

Test tube containing EDTA

C

Test tube containing heparin

D

Test tube containing sodium oxalate

The correct answer is:

Test tube containing calcium bicarbonate

Solution:
The presence of calcium (blood clotting factor IV) will remove heparin which is a blood anticoagulant and thus will promote blood clotting. While test tubes containing sodium oxalate, EDTA, and heparin containing test tubes will not allow the blood to clot.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
During adiabatic change, specific heat is

Options:
A zero
B greater than zero but finite
C less than zero
D infinite

The correct answer is:
zero

Solution:
In an adiabatic process, ΔH=0
∴C=ΔHnΔT=0
Hence, zero is the correct answer.

Topic: Physics, Thermodynamics, NEET
During aerobic respiration, the passing on of the electrons removed as a part of the hydrogen atom to molecular O2 occurs in the __________.

Options:
A Cytoplasm
B Mitochondrial outer membrane
C Mitochondrial inner membrane
D Mitochondrial matrix

The correct answer is:
Mitochondrial inner membrane

Solution:
Mechanism of ATP production : When the electrons pass from one electron carrier to another carrier
(from complex I to IV) in ETS, they are coupled to ATP synthase (complex V) and thus ATP are synthesized.

Molecule oxidized in ETS	Number of ATP produced

1 molecule of NADH	3 ATP

1 molecule of FADH 2	2 ATP

Role of O2 : The role of oxygen is limited to the terminal stage of the aerobic process but is vital - it acts as
the final hydrogen acceptor and it drives the whole process by removing H+ from the system.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
During agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA moves

Options:
A towards anode, as it is negatively charged.
B towards anode, as it is positively charged.
C towards cathode, as it is negatively charged.
D towards cathode, as it is positively charged.

The correct answer is:
towards anode, as it is negatively charged.

Solution:
Treating the purified DNA with a restriction enzyme for digestion. The progression of the digestion is analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis. DNA is negatively charged, it progresses towards the anode. Vector DNA is also treated with the same restriction enzyme. DNA fragment with gene of interest and vector DNA are joined together by the action of DNA ligase enzyme to form recombinant DNA.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
During an accident, the hypothalamus of a person is damaged. Which of the following function/s will be impaired in such a person?

Options:
A Decision making and memory
B Speech and voluntary movements
C Regulation of sexual behaviour and synthesis of vasopressin
D Motor functions and hormonal release of the pineal gland.

The correct answer is:
Regulation of sexual behaviour and synthesis of vasopressin

Solution:
The hypothalamus contains a number of centres which control body temperature and urge for eating and drinking. It also contains several groups of neurosecretory cells, which secrete hormones called hypothalamic hormones and synthesize hormones like oxytocin and vasopressin. The inner parts of cerebral hemispheres and a group of associated deep structures like the amygdala, hippocampus, etc., form a complex structure called the limbic lobe or limbic system. Along with the hypothalamus, it is involved in the regulation of sexual behaviour, expression of emotional reactions (e.g., excitement, pleasure, rage and fear) and motivation.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
During an adiabatic process, the pressure of a gas is found to be proportional to the cube of its absolute temperature. The ratio CpCv for the gas is

Options:
A 3 2
B 4 3
C 2
D 5 3

The correct answer is:
3 2

Solution:
Given P ∝ T 3 . But for adiabatic process P ∝ T γ / γ - 1 . So,
γ γ - 1 = 3 ⇒ γ = 3 2 ⇒ C p C v = 3 2

Topic: Physics, Thermodynamics, NEET
During an adiabatic process, the pressure of a gas is found to be proportional to the cube of its temperature. The ratio of $\frac{C_p}{C_v}$ for the gas is

Options:
A $\frac{4}{3}$
B 2
C $\frac{5}{3}$
D $\frac{3}{2}$

The correct answer is:
$\frac{3}{2}$

Solution:
According to question,
$\begin{aligned}
& p \propto T^3 \\
& p V=n R T \\
& \text { and } p \propto T^3 \\
& P \propto(p V)^3 \\
& \Rightarrow p^2 V^3=\text { constant } \\
& p V^{3 / 2}=\text { constant } \\
& \because p V^\gamma=\text { constant } \\
& \therefore \gamma=\frac{3}{2}
\end{aligned}$

Topic: Physics, Kinetic Theory of Gases, NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
During an autoimmune disorder

Options:
A the immune system has the ability to differentiate between foreign antigens from self-antigens.
B the immune system loses the ability to differentiate between foreign antigens from self-antigens.
C the immune system attacks self-cells and causes damage to them.
D Both (B) and (C)

The correct answer is:
Both (B) and (C)

Solution:
In higher vertebrates, the ability to differentiate foreign organisms like pathogens from self cells is observed and this is the basis of an immune response. Sometimes, due to genetic and other unknown reasons, the body attacks self-cells. This results in damage to the body and is called auto-immune disease. Rheumatoid arthritis which affects many people in our society is an auto-immune disease.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
During an ecological succession, many changes occur. Select the wrong statement with respect to succession.

(i) Some species colonise and some species disappear

(ii) Diversity will not change during succession.

(iii) The total biomass increases.

(iv) The species number increases.

Options:
A (i) and (ii)
B only (iii)
C only (ii)
D (iii) and (i)

The correct answer is:
only (ii)

Solution:
The gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area is called ecological succession. During succession diversity biomass increases and stability also increases.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
During an educational trip, a botany student saw a beautiful lake in a village. She collected many plants from that area. She noticed that villagers were washing clothes around the lake and at some places waste material from houses was destroying its beauty. After a few years, she visited the same lake again. She was surprised to find that the lake was covered with algae, a stinking smell was coming out and its water had become unusable.Can you explain the reason for this condition of the lake?

Options:
A The reason for this condition of the lake is Eutrophication i.e. The process of reducing nutrient levels in aquatic ecosystems.
B The reason for this condition of the lake is Eutrophication i.e. The process of increasing biodiversity in lakes and rivers.
C The reason for this condition of the lake is Eutrophication i.e. The accumulation of excess nutrients in water bodies, leading to ecological imbalances.
D The reason for this condition of the lake is Eutrophication i.e. The process of decreasing the growth of algae and aquatic plants.

The correct answer is:
The reason for this condition of the lake is Eutrophication i.e. The accumulation of excess nutrients in water bodies, leading to ecological imbalances.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
The reason for this condition of the lake is Eutrophication i.e. The accumulation of excess nutrients in water bodies, leading to ecological imbalances.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
During an enzyme catalyzed reaction, the substrate reaches a transition stage which is

Options:
A Temporary but stable
B Permanent but unstable
C Temporary and unstable
D Permanent and stable

The correct answer is:
Temporary and unstable

Solution:
Enzymes are molecules that act as catalyst to increase the rate of reaction. Enzymes bind to the substrates forming the complex called as enzyme substrate complex and the product formed is released once the substrate is altered. The enzymes substrate complex state is a transition state between substrate and product. This state is unstable and temporary.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
During an experiment, an ideal gas is found to obey an additional law VP2 = Constant . The gas is initially at temperature T and volume V, when it expands to volume 2V, the resulting temperature is

Options:
A T2
B 2T
C 2 T
D T2

The correct answer is:
2 T

Solution:
VP2=Constant ... (i)
PV=μRT⇒P∝TV
From (i)
VTV2=Constant
T2V=Constant
Or T∝V

Topic: Physics, Kinetic Theory of Gases, NEET
During an isothermal expansion, a confined ideal gas does $150 \mathrm{~J}$ of work against its surroundings. This implies that

Options:
A $300 \mathrm{~J}$ of heat has been added to the gas
B no heat is transferred because the process is is othermal
C $150 \mathrm{~J}$ of heat has been added to the gas
D $150 \mathrm{~J}$ of heat has been removed from the gas

The correct answer is:
$150 \mathrm{~J}$ of heat has been added to the gas

Solution:
By first law of thermodynamics -
$$
\begin{aligned}
\mathrm{dQ} & =\mathrm{dV}+\mathrm{dW} \\
\mathrm{dV} & =0 \text { for isothermal process } \\
\mathrm{dQ} & =\mathrm{dW} \\
& =+150
\end{aligned}
$$
$\Rightarrow 150 \mathrm{~J}$ of heat has been added to the system.
So, the correct answer is ' $150 \mathrm{~J}$ of heat has been added to the gas'.

Topic: Physics, Thermodynamics, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
During atrial systole, which valve is open?

Options:
A tricuspid valve
B bicuspid valve
C semilunar valve
D both tricuspid and bicuspid valves

The correct answer is:
both tricuspid and bicuspid valves

Solution:
During atrial systole, the tricuspid and bicuspid valves are open and blood flows into the left and right ventricle respectively through the left and right atria.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
During autumn, a boy notices that the road is littered with orange leaves. He looks up to find that the tree is devoid of most leaves, while some of them are still falling. The phytohormone responsible for this causes ________________.

Options:
A development of carotenoids and dehiscence of leaves.
B destruction of chlorophyll and senescence.
C inhibits seed germination and promotes dormancy.
D dessication of leaves and subsequent falling.

The correct answer is:
destruction of chlorophyll and senescence.

Solution:
Abscisic acid stimulates senescence of leaves by causing destruction of chlorophyll and inhibition of protein and RNA synthesis. It acts as a general plant growth inhibitor and an inhibitor of plant metabolism. ABA inhibits seed germination. ABA stimulates the closure of stomata and increases the tolerance of plants to various kinds of stresses. Therefore, it is also called the stress hormone. ABA plays an important role in seed development, maturation and dormancy. By inducing dormancy, ABA helps seeds to withstand desiccation and other factors unfavourable for growth. In most situations, ABA acts as an antagonist to GAs.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
During biological nitrogen fixation, inactivation of nitrogenase by oxygen poisoning is prevented by:

Options:
A Xanthophyll
B Carotene
C Cytochrome
D Leghaemoglobin

The correct answer is:
Leghaemoglobin

Solution:
During Biological nitrogen fixation, inactivation of nitrogenase by oxygen poisoning is prevented by pink coloured oxygen scavenger pigment leghaemogolobin.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
During biological nitrogen fixation, inactivation of nitrogenase by oxygen poisoning is prevented by:

Options:
A Xanthophyll
B Carotene
C Cytochrome
D Leghaemoglobin

The correct answer is:
Leghaemoglobin

Solution:
During Biological nitrogen fixation, inactivation of nitrogenase by oxygen poisoning is prevented by pink coloured oxygen scavenger pigment leghaemogolobin.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET