datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which of the following statements correctly differentiates between 'roasting' and 'calcination' with examples?

Options:
A Roasting involves heating a substance in the presence of air, while calcination is a process that does not require the presence of air.
B Roasting is primarily used for the extraction of metals, whereas calcination is used to drive off volatile substances.
C Roasting converts an ore into its oxide, while calcination is used to remove moisture and other volatile impurities.
D Roasting is a process used in the preparation of cement, while calcination is employed in the extraction of zinc.

The correct answer is:
Roasting involves heating a substance in the presence of air, while calcination is a process that does not require the presence of air.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Roasting involves heating a substance in the presence of air, while calcination is a process that does not require the presence of air.

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Which of the following statements correctly explains the relationship between power factor and power loss in electric power transmission circuits?

Options:
A A low power factor results in smaller power loss in transmission.
B A low power factor implies a decrease in voltage, reducing power loss.
C A low power factor leads to an increase in current, causing large power loss.
D A low power factor is irrelevant to power loss in transmission.

The correct answer is:
A low power factor leads to an increase in current, causing large power loss.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
A low power factor leads to an increase in current, causing large power loss.

Topic: Chemistry, Alternating Current, NEET
Which of the following statements correctly identifies the incorrect figure (a or b) in Figures (a) and (b) depicting the steady flow of a non-viscous liquid?

Options:
A Figure (a) is incorrect because, according to the equation of continuity (av = Constant), when the area of the cross-section of the tube is smaller, the velocity of the liquid flow should be higher.
B Figure (b) is incorrect because, according to Bernoulli's Theorem (P + (1/2)ρv^2 = Constant), when the velocity (v) is greater, the pressure (P) should be lower, and vice versa.
C Both figures (a) and (b) are correct as they both adhere to the principles of fluid dynamics.
D It is impossible to determine which figure is incorrect based on the provided information.

The correct answer is:
Figure (a) is incorrect because, according to the equation of continuity (av = Constant), when the area of the cross-section of the tube is smaller, the velocity of the liquid flow should be higher.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Figure (a) is incorrect because, according to the equation of continuity (av = Constant), when the area of the cross-section of the tube is smaller, the velocity of the liquid flow should be higher.

Topic: Chemistry, Mechanical Properties of Fluids, NEET
Which of the following statements do not define the characteristic property of water “Water is a universal solvent”?

Options:
A It can dissolve maximum number of compounds
B It has very low dielectric constant
C It has high liquid range
D It has high dipole nature

The correct answer is:
It has very low dielectric constant

Solution:
Water has high dielectric constant i.e., 82, high liquid range and can dissolve maximum number of compounds. That is why it is used as universal solvent.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Which of the following statements does not hold true for restriction enzymes?

Options:
A They recognize a palindromic nucleotide sequence.
B All restriction enzymes are endonucleases.
C These enzymes are isolated from viruses and several eukaryotic protists.
D They produce the same kind of sticky ends in different DNA molecules.

The correct answer is:
These enzymes are isolated from viruses and several eukaryotic protists.

Solution:
Restriction enzymes are enzymes which have the ability to recognize and cut a particular sequence of DNA. These enzymes are isolated from prokaryotic bacterial cells.
These enzymes recognizes a palindromic sequence of nucleotide i.e a sequence which makes the same word when read forward and backward.
They are endonucleases.
In different DNA molecules, they produce the same types of sticky ends.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Which of the following statements explains the phenomenon where gas 'A' liquefies under slight pressure increase while gas 'B' requires cooling even at high pressure?

Options:
A Gas 'A' is at or below its critical temperature, and gas 'B' is at a temperature higher than the critical temperature.
B Gas 'A' is at a higher temperature than gas 'B,' causing it to liquefy more easily.
C Gas 'A' has a lower molecular weight than gas 'B,' making it more susceptible to liquefaction.
D Gas 'A' has a higher critical pressure than gas 'B,' leading to its liquefaction under slight pressure increase.

The correct answer is:
Gas 'A' is at or below its critical temperature, and gas 'B' is at a temperature higher than the critical temperature.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Gas 'A' is at or below its critical temperature, and gas 'B' is at a temperature higher than the critical temperature.

Topic: Chemistry, States of Matter, NEET
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A When a lens is dipped in water, magnitude of its focal length increases.
B When a lens is dipped in water, magnitude of its focal length decreases.
C When a spherical mirror is dipped in water, magnitude of its focal length increases.
D None of these.

The correct answer is:
When a lens is dipped in water, magnitude of its focal length increases.

Solution:
Focal length of lens in a medium is given by
1f=μrel-11R1-1R2

The relative refractive index of a medium is more in air and less in water
μrelair>μrelwater

∴fair < fwater
Focal length of a mirror does not depend on medium.

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A Parthenium is an endemic species of our country.
B African catfish is not a threat to indigenous catfishes.
C Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in different Himalayan ranges produces an active chemical called as reserpine.
D Lantana is popularly known as carrot grass.

The correct answer is:
Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in different Himalayan ranges produces an active chemical called as reserpine.

Solution:
Parthenium commonly called as carrot grass is an exotic species which came to India and has become most noxious terrestrial weed. African cat fish Clarius garpienus is posing threat to indigenous catfish of our rivers. Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in different Himalayan ranges produces an active chemical called as reserpine. This single species might show high diversity at
the genetic level over its distributional range. Lantana camera is a toxic producing plant.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

Options:
A Mitochondria contain circular DNA, but chloroplasts lack it.
B Chloroplasts contain circular DNA, but mitochondria lack it.
C Neither mitochondria nor chloroplasts contain any DNA.
D Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain circular DNA.

The correct answer is:
Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain circular DNA.

Solution:
Mitochondria also known as the powerhouse of the cell, has a small circular chromosome called the mitochondrial DNA which is passed through the egg cell from the mother to the offspring. The chloroplast, which are the plant organelles having the chlorophyll pigment and performs photosynthesis also contains small and circular DNA with many copies in it.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A Sporopollenin can be degraded by enzymes
B Sporopollenin in made up of inorganic materials
C Sporopollenin can withstand high temperatures as well as strong acids and alkalis
D Sporopollenin can withstand high temperatures but not strong acids

The correct answer is:
Sporopollenin can withstand high temperatures as well as strong acids and alkalis

Solution:
Sporopollenin is present in exine of cell wall. It is one of the most resistant biological material known. It can withstand high temperatures and strong acids and alkali. No enzyme that degrades sporopollenin is so far known. Pollen grain are well preserved as fossils because of the presence of sporopollenin.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A ADH – prevents the conversion of angiotensinogen in the blood to angiotensin
B Aldosterone – facilitates water reabsorption
C ANF – enhances sodium reabsorption
D Renin – causes vasodilation

The correct answer is:
ADH – prevents the conversion of angiotensinogen in the blood to angiotensin

Solution:
Anti Diuretic Hormone prevents the conversion of angiotensinogen in the blood to angiotensin.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A Parthenium is an endemic species of our country
B African catfish is not a threat to indigenous catfishes.
C Steller’s sea cow is an extinct animal.
D Lantana is popularly known as carrot grass.

The correct answer is:
Steller’s sea cow is an extinct animal.

Solution:
Steller’s sea cow is an extinct animal.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A Sporopollenin can be degraded by enzymes.
B Sporopollenin is made up of inorganic materials.
C Sporopollenin can withstand high temperatures as well as strong acids and alkalis.
D Sporopollenin can withstand high temperatures but not strong acids.

The correct answer is:
Sporopollenin can withstand high temperatures as well as strong acids and alkalis.

Solution:
Sporopollenin forms the outer covering of the exine \& it is the most resistant organic material on the Earth ever known. It is the most resistant biological material which helps in fossilization of pollen grains. It protects pollen grains from external factors such as temperature, acid, alkali, enzyme etc.
Related Theory
The tapetal cells secrete ubisch granules that provides sporopollenin and other materials for exine formation.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water
B The descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water
C The ascending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water
D The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes

The correct answer is:
The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water

Solution:
Descending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to water but impermeable to electrolytes while ascending limb is impermeable to water but permeable to electrolytes.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET, NEET 2017
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A Horsetails are gymnosperms
B Selaginella is heterosporous, while Salvinia is homosporous
C Ovules are not enclosed by ovary wall in gymnosperms
D Stems are usually unbranched in both Cycas and Cedrus

The correct answer is:
Ovules are not enclosed by ovary wall in gymnosperms

Solution:
Gymnosperms are seed-bearing vascular plants, such as cycads, ginkgo, yews, and conifers, in which the ovules or seeds are not enclosed in an ovary.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2018
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A Cornea is an external, transparent and protective proteinacious covering of the eye-ball.
B Cornea consists of dense connective tissue of elastin and repair itself.
C Cornea is convex, transparent layer which is highly vascularized.
D Cornea consists of dense matrix of collagen and is the most sensitive portion of the eye.

The correct answer is:
Cornea consists of dense matrix of collagen and is the most sensitive portion of the eye.

Solution:
The cornea is the transparent part of the eye which consists of dense matrix of collagen. It covers the front portion of the eye and is the most sensitive part of the eye.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A Lichens do not grow in polluted areas
B Algal component of lichens is called mycobiont
C Fungal component of lichens is called phycobiont
D Lichens are not good pollution indicators

The correct answer is:
Lichens do not grow in polluted areas

Solution:
(a) Statement (a) is correct. Lichens do not grow in polluted area. Rest statements are incorrect.
The correct forms of the statements are as follows
(b) Algal component of lichens is called phycobiont.
(c) Fungal component of lichens is called mycobiont.
(d) Lichens are good pollution indicators.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A Adenine pairs with thymine through one H-bond
B Adenine pairs with thymine through three H-bonds
C Adenine does not pair with thymine
D Adenine pairs with thymine through two H-bonds

The correct answer is:
Adenine pairs with thymine through two H-bonds

Solution:
Erwin Chargaff’s rules: Chargaff’s along with his colleagues, performed base composition studies and put forward certain generalizations for double-stranded DNA, called Chargaff’s rule (Not applicable for single-stranded DNA).
i) Purines and pyrimidines occur in equal amounts.
ii) Purines found in DNA are adenine and guanine. Pyrimidines of DNA are thymine and cytosine.
A + G = T + C
iii)A+GT+C = 1 this value is constant for all species.
iv) Base ratio A+TG+C is specific for a species. It is used to identify the species. It is less than one in prokaryotes, e.g., E. coli = 0.92, and more than one in eukaryotes, e.g., Human = 1.52.
v) Sugar deoxyribose and phosphate residues occur in equal number.
vi) Purine adenine is equimolar with pyrimidine thymine
vii) Purine guanine is equimolar with pyrimidine cytosine.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 1)
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A Fusion of two cells is called Karyogamy
B Fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes is called plasmogamy
C Organisms that depend on living plants are called saprophytes
D Some of the organisms can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialized cells called sheath cells

The correct answer is:
Fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes is called plasmogamy

Solution:
The sexual cycle in fungi involves the three steps:

The fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes is called plasmogamy.

Fusion of two nuclei called karyogamy.

Meiosis in zygote resulting in haploid spores.

Saprophytes feed on dead and decaying organisms. Fungi and many bacteria are saprobiotic.

Organisms like Nostoc, Anabaena have specialised heterocysts to fix atmospheric nitrogen.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2021
Which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A Algal Bloom decreases fish mortality.
B Eutrophication refers to increase in domestic sewage and waste water in lakes.
C Biomagnification refers to increase in concentration of toxicant at successive trophic levels.
D Presence of large amount of nutrients in water restricts 'Algal Bloom'.

The correct answer is:
Biomagnification refers to increase in concentration of toxicant at successive trophic levels.

Solution:
The presence of a large amount of organic and inorganic materials such as fertilisers in water causes excessive growth of planktonic (free-floating) algae, which is called algal bloom. It causes deterioration of the water quality and fish mortality.

Eutrophication is the process in which a water body becomes overly enriched with nutrients, leading to the plentiful growth of simple plant life.

Biomagnification is defined as the increase in the concentration of a substance that is toxic to the individual like a pesticide at the successive trophic levels in a food chain. Hence, option C is correct.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET, NEET 2023 (All India)
Which of the following statements is correct about cockroach?

Options:
A In females, the 6th sternum is boat-shaped and together with the 7th and 8th sterna form a brood or genital pouch
B In males, the genital pouch is bounded dorsally by 9th and 10th sterna and ventrally by the 9th tergum
C Females bear a pair of short, threadlike anal styles which are absent in males
D The 10th segment has a pair of filamentous structures called anal cerci

The correct answer is:
The 10th segment has a pair of filamentous structures called anal cerci

Solution:
In cockroach, both males and females have 10 abdominal segments. In females, the genital pouch is made up of 7th, 8th and 9th abdominal sterna. Out of this, 7th sternum is boat-shaped. In male cockroaches, the genital pouch is bound by the 9th abdominal sternum on the ventral side and 9th and 10th terga on the dorsal side. Anal styles are a pair of short structures found only in males. They are absent in females. Anal cerci are a pair of filamentous structures found in the 10th abdominal segment of both males and females.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Which of the following statements is correct about skeletal muscle?

Options:
A They have thin, elongated cells with tapering ends.
B They show faint striations and help in movement.
C They are derived from mesoderm and are voluntary in action.
D They have intercalated discs interconnecting the various cells.

The correct answer is:
They are derived from mesoderm and are voluntary in action.

Solution:
Skeletal muscles have thin elongated cells with blunt ends. They are derived from mesoderm and are under voluntary control. Faint striations and intercalated discs are seen in cardiac muscles. Thin, elongated cells with tapering ends are seen in smooth muscles

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Which of the following statements is correct about the heat of combustion?

Options:
A It may be exothermic in some cases and endothermic in other cases
B It is applicable to gaseous substances only
C It is always an exothermic reaction
D Its value does not change with temperature

The correct answer is:
It is always an exothermic reaction

Solution:
Oxygen forms stronger bonds with the elements of the compound. Therefore, heat of combustion is always exothermic.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
Which of the following statements is correct about the origin and evolution of men?

Options:
A Agriculture came around 50,000 years back
B The Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus primates existing 15 million years ago, walked like men
C Homo habilis probably ate meat
D Neanderthal men lived in Asia between $1,00,000$ and 40,000 years back

The correct answer is:
Neanderthal men lived in Asia between $1,00,000$ and 40,000 years back

Solution:
Statement ( $\mathrm{d}$ ) is correct about the origin and evolution of men.
Neanderthal men lived in Asia between 1,00,000 and 40,000 years back. Other statements are corrected as follows
- Agriculture came around 10,000 years back
- About 15 mya , primates called Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus were existing. They were hairy and walked like gorillas and chimpanzees.
- Homo habilis probably did not eat meat while Homo erectus probably ate meat.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Which of the following statements is correct about the role of regulatory proteins in transcription in prokaryotes?

Options:
A They only increase expression
B They only decrease expression
C They interact with RNA polymerase but do not affect the expression
D They can act both as activators and as repressors

The correct answer is:
They can act both as activators and as repressors

Solution:
Regulatory proteins in transcription in prokaryotes can both upregulate and downregulate the process.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which of the following statements is correct about the thyroid gland?

Options:
A It is composed of two lobes situated on either side of the oesophagus.
B The follicular cells of the thyroid gland are responsible for secretion of hormones.
C Exopthalmic goitre is a form of hypothyroidism.
D Hyperthyroidism during pregnancy can cause defective foetal development.

The correct answer is:
The follicular cells of the thyroid gland are responsible for secretion of hormones.

Solution:
1. The thyroid gland is a gland made up of two lobes. Each lobe is situated on the either side of the trachea.
2. The follicular cells of the thyroid gland are responsible for secretion of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4. These cells are present in the stroma. They have a substance known as colloid.
3. Exopthalmic goitre is a form of hyperthyroidism.
4. Hypothyroidism during pregnancy can cause defective foetal development.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following statements is correct about the type of junction and their role in our body?

Options:
A Adhering junctions facilitate the cells to communicate with each other.
B Tight junctions help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue.
C Tight junctions help to perform cementing to keep neighbouring cells together.
D Gap junctions help to create gap between the cells and tissues.

The correct answer is:
Tight junctions help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue.

Solution:
The correct answer is option (2), because tight junctions help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue.
Options (1), (3) and (4) are incorrect because
- Adhering junctions perform cementing to keep neighbouring cells together.
- Gap junctions facilitate the cells to communicate with each other by connecting the cytoplasm of adjoining cells for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and sometimes big molecules.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2024 (Re-NEET)
Which of the following statements is correct for a reversible process in a state of equilibrium?

Options:
A ΔG=2.303RTlogK
B ΔG°=-2.303RTlogK
C ΔG°=2.303RTlogK
D ΔG=-2.303RTlogK

The correct answer is:
ΔG°=-2.303RTlogK

Solution:
ΔG=ΔG°+2.303RTlogQ
At equilibrium ΔG=0 and Q=Keq=K
0=ΔG°+2.303RTlogK
So ΔG°=-2.30RTlogK

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET
Which of the following statements is correct for a reversible process in the state of equilibrium?

Options:
A ÎG= -2.30 RTlogâ¡K
B ÎG= 2.30 RTlogâ¡K
C ÎGo= -2.30 RTlogâ¡K
D ÎGo= 2.30 RTlogâ¡K

The correct answer is:
ÎGo= -2.30 RTlogâ¡K

Solution:
For a reversible process at equilibrium
ÎG=0=ÎGo+RTlnâ¡K Q=K
i.e. ÎGo= -2.303 RTlogâ¡K

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Which of the following statements is correct for any thermodynamic system?

Options:
A The internal energy changes in all processes
B Internal energy and entropy are state functions
C The change in entropy can never be zero
D The work done in an adiabatic process is always zero

The correct answer is:
Internal energy and entropy are state functions

Solution:
Internal energy and entropy does not depend on the nature of process, it depends only on initial and final state. Therefore, they are state functions.

Topic: Physics, Thermal Properties of Matter, NEET