datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Between sodium hydrogen carbonate and magnesium hydroxide which is a better antacid and why?

Options:
A Sodium hydrogencarbonate is a better antacid because it is more readily available.
B Magnesium hydroxide is a better antacid because being insoluble it does not allow the pH to increase above neutral.
C Both sodium hydrogen carbonate and magnesium hydroxide are equally effective antacids.
D The choice of a better antacid depends on individual preferences and sensitivities.

The correct answer is:
Magnesium hydroxide is a better antacid because being insoluble it does not allow the pH to increase above neutral.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Magnesium hydroxide is a better antacid because being insoluble it does not allow the pH to increase above neutral.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Between the cis and trans structures of hex-2-ene, which isomer will have higher b.p. and why?

Options:
A The cis form will have higher boiling point due to more polar nature leading to stronger intermolecular dipole–dipole interaction, thus requiring more heat energy to separate them.
B The trans isomer will have a higher boiling point because it has stronger dipole-dipole interactions due to its asymmetrical geometry.
C Both cis and trans isomers will have the same boiling point because they have the same molecular formula and similar molecular weights.
D The boiling point of cis and trans isomers will depend on the specific conditions of the experiment and cannot be definitively predicted.

The correct answer is:
The cis form will have higher boiling point due to more polar nature leading to stronger intermolecular dipole–dipole interaction, thus requiring more heat energy to separate them.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
The cis form will have higher boiling point due to more polar nature leading to stronger intermolecular dipole–dipole interaction, thus requiring more heat energy to separate them.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Between the functional isomers of a carbonyl compound with molecular formula C3H6O, which isomer will react faster with HCN and why?

Options:
A CH3CH2CHO will react faster with HCN due to less density.
B CH3CH2CHO will react faster with HCN due to less steric hindrance and electronic reasons than CH3COCH3
C CH3COCH3will react faster with HCN due to more packing efficiency than CH3CH2CHO
D CH3COCH3will react faster with HCN due to less steric hindrance and electronic reasons than CH3CH2CHO

The correct answer is:
CH3CH2CHO will react faster with HCN due to less steric hindrance and electronic reasons than CH3COCH3

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
CH3CH2CHO will react faster with HCN due to less steric hindrance and electronic reasons than CH3COCH3

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Between which among the following, the relationship is not an example of commensalism?

Options:
A Orchid and the tree on which it grows
B Cattle egret and grazing cattle
C Sea anemone and clown fish
D Female wasp and fig species

The correct answer is:
Female wasp and fig species

Solution:
Among the given examples, relationship between wasp and fig species does not show commensalism. In this relationship, one species derives the benefit and other neither harmed nor benefitted.
Wasp and fig tree show mutualism. Here fig flower is pollinated by wasp and wasp lays its egg into fruit and leaves them there for development.
Other options show examples of commensalism.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
BF3 is planar and electron deficient compound. Hybridization and number of electrons around the central atom, respectively are:

Options:
A sp3 and 4
B sp3 and 6
C sp2 and 6
D sp2 and 8

The correct answer is:
sp2 and 6

Solution:
The structure of BF3 can be shown as follows,

Three hybrid orbital are required to form BF3. Hence, the hybridisation of Boron is sp2 and the number of electrons around the boron is 6 due to the presence of three B-F bonds.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2021
‘Bhang' and ‘Ganja' are

Options:
A Extract of hemp plant – Cannabis sativa
B Ripe poppy fruits and leaves
C Dried leaves, flowers and buds of Cannabis indica plant
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Extract of hemp plant – Cannabis sativa

Solution:
Cannabinoids are a group of chemicals, which interact
with cannabinoid receptors present principally in the brain. Natural cannabinoids are obtained from the inflorescences of the plant Cannabis sativa. The flower tops, leaves, and the resin of cannabis plants are used in various combinations to produce marijuana, hashish, charas, and ganja. Generally taken by inhalation and oral ingestion, these are known for their effects on the cardiovascular system of the body.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Bicarpellary ovary with obliquely placed septum is seen in

Options:
A Brassica
B Aloe
C Solanum
D Sesbania

The correct answer is:
Solanum

Solution:
Solanum (family Solanaceae) has bicarpellary ovary with obliquely placed septum. Brassica (family Brassicaceae) has bicarpellary ovary with false septum. In Sesbania (subfamily Fabaceae), ovary is monocarpellary. Aloe (family Liliaceae) shows tricarpellary ovary.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Bicuspid valves are present at:

Options:
A Left atrioventricular junction
B Right atrioventricular junction
C At the base of pulmonary artery
D At the base of aorta

The correct answer is:
Left atrioventricular junction

Solution:
Atrio-ventricular valves are :
A Tricuspid valve or TV (made up of 3 muscular flaps or cusps) - between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
B Bicuspid valve (made up of 2 muscular flaps or cusps) - between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Bidirectional translocation of solutes takes place in:

Options:
A Parenchyma
B Cambium
C Xylem
D Phloem

The correct answer is:
Phloem

Solution:
Sugars produced in sources, such as leaves, need to be delivered to growing parts of the plant via the phloem in a process called translocation, or movement of sugar. The points of sugar delivery, such as roots, young shoots, and developing seeds, are called sinks. It is done by phloem tissue.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Biennials get changed into annuals by

Options:
A hormones
B photoperiodism
C grafting
D vernalization

The correct answer is:
vernalization

Solution:
Vernalization is a process in which the plants are exposed to certain periods of low temperature so that flowering can be induced in them. Biennials are plants that take two years to complete its life cycle. When these plants are subjected to artificial cold treatment and the correct temperature and photoperiods, they induce flowering in the first growing season itself, just like the annuals (biennials usually flower in the second year of their growing season).

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Big holes in Swiss cheese are made by a

Options:
A machine
B bacterium that produces methane gas
C bacterium producing a large amount of carbon dioxide
D fungus that releases a lot of gases during its metabolic activities.

The correct answer is:
bacterium producing a large amount of carbon dioxide

Solution:
Large holes in Swiss cheese are due to production of large amount of C02 by a bacterium named Proponibacterium sharmanii.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Bilaterally symmetrical and acoelomate animals are exemplified by

Options:
A Platyhelminthes
B Aschelminthes
C Annelida
D Ctenophora

The correct answer is:
Platyhelminthes

Solution:
Coelom: The body cavity; which is lined by mesoderm is called coelom.

Coelomates: If coelom is present, the animal is called coelomate, e.g. Annelids, Molluscs, Arthropods, Echinoderms, Hemichordates and Chordates.

Pseudoceolomates: If the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm, but the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches in between the ectoderm and endoderm, the animal is called pseudocoelomate, e.g. Aschelminthes.
Acoelomates: When the body cavity is absent, the animal is called acoelomate, e.g. Platyhelminthes.

SYMMETRY:

Some animals are almost asymmetrical. Their body cannot be divided into two equal halves from any plane, e.g. sponges.

Radial Symmetry: In the case of radial symmetry, any plane passing through the central axis divides the body into two identical halves, e.g. Coelenterates, Ctenophores, Echinoderms, etc.

Bilateral Symmetry: In the case of bilateral symmetry, the body can be divided into two identical halves only through a single plane, e.g. Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, etc.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 1)
Binding energy per nucleon versus mass number curve for nuclei is shown in the figure. W, X, Y and Z are four nuclei indicated on the curve. The process that would release energy is

Options:
A Y → 2 Z
B W → X + Z
C W â 2 Y
D X → Y + Z

The correct answer is:
W → 2 Y

Solution:
Energy is released in a process when total binding energy of the nucleus (= binding energy per nucleon x number of nucleons) is increased or we can say when total binding energy of products is more than the reactants.

In the reaction W→2Y
ââââââThe binding energy of reactants = 120 x 7. 5 = 900 MeV
and binding energy of products = 2 (60 x 8. 5)=1020 MeV
and we can see 1020 MeV > 900 MeV.

Topic: Physics, Nuclear Physics, NEET
Binomial nomenclature means

Options:
A One name given by two scientists
B One scientific name consisting of a generic and specific epithet
C Two names, one latinised, other of a person
D Two names of same plant

The correct answer is:
One scientific name consisting of a generic and specific epithet

Solution:
Binomial Nomenclature means the scientific name of any organism consist of a generic epithet and a specific epithet. Generic name starts with capital letter and specific name with small letter. Both the names are written in Italics or underlined in manuscripts.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Biocatalyst i.e. enzymes are used in industrial preparation of which of the following compounds?

Options:
A Ethanol
B Bromine
C Oxygen
D Carboxylic acid

The correct answer is:
Ethanol

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Ethanol

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is the amount of oxygen required (in ppm)

Options:
A for the photochemical breakdown of waste present in 1m3 volume of a water body.
B for sustaining life in a water body.
C by bacteria to break-down organic waste in a certain volume of a water sample.
D by anaerobic bacteria to breakdown inorganic waste present in a water body.

The correct answer is:
by bacteria to break-down organic waste in a certain volume of a water sample.

Solution:
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is the amount of oxygen required by bacteria to break down the organic matter present in a certain volume of a sample of water.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) may not be a good index for pollution for water bodies receiving effluents from

Options:
A domestic sewage.
B dairy industry.
C petroleum industry.
D sugar industry.

The correct answer is:
petroleum industry.

Solution:
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is not a good index for pollution for water bodies receiving effluents from petroleum industry as the generated waste is mostly non-biodegradable in nature.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) may not be a good index for pollution for water bodies receiving effluents from

Options:
A domestic sewage.
B dairy industry.
C petroleum industry.
D sugar industry.

The correct answer is:
petroleum industry.

Solution:
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is not a good index for pollution for water bodies receiving effluents from petroleum industry as the generated waste is mostly non-biodegradable in nature.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Biochemical oxygen demand represents:

Options:
A Quantity of inorganic matter in water
B Quantity of Heavy metals in water
C Quantity of organic matter in water
D Quantity of non biodegradable organic matter.

The correct answer is:
Quantity of organic matter in water

Solution:
Biochemical oxygen demand is the estimation of the amount of biodegradable organic matter in sewage water. If water has high BOD it means it is highly polluted by the biodegradable organic compound.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Biodegradable polymer which can be produced from glycine and aminocaproic acid is:

Options:
A Nylon-2-nylon-6
B PHBV
C Buna-N
D Nylon-6,6

The correct answer is:
Nylon-2-nylon-6

Solution:
\(\underset{\text{(Glycine)}}{\mathrm{nH}_2 \mathrm{~N}-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{COOH}} + \underset{\text{(Amino caproic acid)}}{\mathrm{nH}_2 \mathrm{~N}-\left(\mathrm{CH}_2\right)_5-\mathrm{COOH}} \rightarrow \underset{\text{(Nylon-2-nylon-6)}}{\left[-\mathrm{NH}-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CO}-\mathrm{NH}-\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{5}-\mathrm{CO}-\right]}\)

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Biodegradable polymer which can be produced from glycine and aminocaproic acid is

Options:
A PHBV
B Buna – N
C Nylon 6, 6
D Nylon 2- nylon 6

The correct answer is:
Nylon 2- nylon 6

Solution:
Nylon 2-Nylon-6 is an alternating polyamide copolymer of glycine (NH2-CH2-COOH) and amino caproic acid [NH2-(CH2)5COOH] and is biodegradable too.
Rest other are obtained from different monomers. For example Buna-N is made of Buta-1,3-di-ene and vinyl cyanide. Nylon 6,6 is co-polymer of adipic acid and hexamethylene diamine.

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET
Biodiversity act of India was passed by the Parliament in the year.

Options:
A 1992
B 1996
C 2000
D 2002

The correct answer is:
2002

Solution:
The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 is an Act enacted by the Parliament of India for the preservation of biological diversity in India, and provides mechanism for equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of traditional biological resources and knowledge.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET, NEET 2005
Biodiversity hotspots are regions with

Options:
A Low degree of endemism and high levels of species richness
B Low degree of endemism and low levels of species richness
C High degree of endemism and low levels of species richness
D High degree of endemism and high levels of species richness

The correct answer is:
High degree of endemism and high levels of species richness

Solution:
Biodiversity hotspots are regions with high degree of endemism and high levels of species richness. They have been selected by conservationists as they are showing accelerated habitat loss. Total 34 such biodiversity hotspots have been identified so far.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Biodiversity plays a major role in many ecosystem services that nature provides. This is related to which reason for conservation of biodiversity?

Options:
A Narrowly utilitarian view
B Broadly utilitarian view
C both A and B
D Ethical argument.

The correct answer is:
Broadly utilitarian view

Solution:
There are many reasons to conserve biodiversity, which can be grouped into three categories. Narrowly utilitarian, broadly utilitarian and ethical. The broadly utilitarian argument says that biodiversity plays a major role in many ecosystem services that the nature provides.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Biofortification involves breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins, proteins, minerals and healthier fats. Which of the following vegetable crop has been produced by IARI that has been enriched with Vitamin C?

Options:
A Bitter gourd, bathua, mustard, tomato
B Spinach and bathua
C Pumpkin, carrot and mustard
D French bean

The correct answer is:
Bitter gourd, bathua, mustard, tomato

Solution:
"Plant breeding program designed to increase the vitamins, minerals, higher protein and healthier fat is called biofortification." Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, has also developed many vegetable crops that are rich in minerals and vitamins. For example, vitamin A enriched carrots, pumpkin, spinach, vitamin С enriched bitter gourd, bathua, tomato, mustard, cal­cium and iron-enriched spinach and bathua; and protein-enriched beans.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Biolistics (gene-gun) is suitable for

Options:
A DNA finger printing
B disarming pathogen vectors
C transformation of plant cells
D constructing recombinant DNA by joining with vectors.

The correct answer is:
transformation of plant cells

Solution:
In genetic engineering, a gene gun or a biolistic particle delivery system, originally designed for plant transformation, is a device for delivering exogenous DNA to cells. The payload is an elemental particle of a heavy metal coated with DNA. This technique is often simply referred to as biolistics.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Biological organization starts with:

Options:
A cellular level
B organismic level
C atomic level
D submicroscopic molecular level.

The correct answer is:
submicroscopic molecular level.

Solution:
Biological organisms starts with sub microscopic molecular level like viruses, bacteria etc. These organisms are unable to be seen by naked eyes without the help of microscope or even electron microscope. Different elements combine to form four basic types of molecules-carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Later these are organised into organelles of the cell.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2007
Biological organization starts with

Options:
A Cellular level
B Organismic level
C Submicrospic molecular level
D Tissue level

The correct answer is:
Submicrospic molecular level

Solution:
The biological organization starts with the submicroscopic molecular level, where four types of molecules, i.e. carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid are organized into organelles of the cell. Hence Biological organization begins at the submicroscopic molecular level.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measure of

Options:
A Industrial wastes poured into water bodies
B Extent which water is polluted with organic compounds
C Amount of carbon monoxide inseparably combined with haemoglobin
D Amount of oxygen needed by green plants during night

The correct answer is:
Extent which water is polluted with organic compounds

Solution:
To measure water pollution, the BOD test is made. In this test, the amount of oxygen sufficient to degrade waste organic matter by bacteria in a sample is measured. The more oxygen used up by the bacteria to degrade the organic matter in ample, the greater the BOD would be.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Bioluminescence is well-marked in

Options:
A Fasciola
B Pleurobranchia
C Adamsia
D Ascaris

The correct answer is:
Pleurobranchia

Solution:
Bioluminescence is the property of a living organism to emit light. It is well marked in ctenophores, e.g., Pluerobranchia.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Biomagnification of DDT causes decline in bird population by

Options:
A bringing disturbance in calcium metabolism
B thining of egg shell
C premature breaking of eggs
D All the above

The correct answer is:
All the above

Solution:
Biomagnification is also called biological amplification or biological concentration. It is a phenomenon in which certain harmful chemicals get accumulated in the tissues of organisms in higher concentration through food chain. High concentrations of
DDT disturb calcium metabolism in birds, which causes
thinning of eggshell and their premature breaking,
eventually causing decline in bird populations.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Biomagnification refers to

Options:
A high production in agroecosystems.
B high production in marine ecosystems.
C increasing concentration of pollutant into higher trophic level through successive food chains.
D increasing concentration of pollutants into an organism of lower trophic levels through food chains.

The correct answer is:
increasing concentration of pollutant into higher trophic level through successive food chains.

Solution:
The phenomenon where chemical substances concentration increase at each trophic level in a food chain/web is termed as biomagnification. This occurs because more biomass needs to be consumed by the organisms of higher trophic level and these chemicals are not degraded rather accumulated.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Biopiracy does not involve

Options:
A Exploitation of bioresources with permission
B Patenting bioresources without authorization
C Both Exploitation of bioresources and patenting bioresources without authorization
D Utilization without authorization

The correct answer is:
Exploitation of bioresources with permission

Solution:
Some organizations and multinational companies exploit or patent biological resources of other nations without proper authorization from the countries concerned that is, called biopiracy.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Bioreactors have

Options:
A Foam control system, temperature control system
B Oxygen delivery system
C pH control system
D All the above

The correct answer is:
All the above

Solution:
To produce in large quantities, the development of bioreactors, where large volumes (100 – 1000 liters) of culture can be processed as required. Thus, bioreactors are large vessels where raw materials are biologically converted into a specific products.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Biosphere is

Options:
A composed of all living organisms present on earth which interact with the physical environment.
B composed of the plants present in the soil.
C a component in the ecosystem.
D life in the outer space.

The correct answer is:
composed of all living organisms present on earth which interact with the physical environment.

Solution:
The biosphere includes all the biotic factors on Earth that interacts with the abiotic factors of the surrounding. It is a term collectively used for all types of ecosystems. The biosphere is a global ecosystem.
In short, it can be defined as collection of all living organisms present on earth which interact with the physical environment.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Biosphere reserve are different from national park as

Options:
A Humans are not integral part of biosphere reserve
B Plants and animals are protected in biosphere reserves
C Humans are an integral part of the biosphere reserve
D Only plants are protected in an In-situ environment

The correct answer is:
Humans are an integral part of the biosphere reserve

Solution:
Humans are basically meant to promote cultural, social, and economical development along with the preservation of nature, and therefore they are known to be an integral part of the biosphere reserve. The biosphere reserve is a specifically protected area where both humans and nature can co-exist while respecting each other's needs. The biosphere reserve has 3 zones - core zone, buffer zone, transition zone.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Biosphere reserves are different from national park as

Options:
A plants and animals are protected in biosphere reserves.
B humans are an integral part of biosphere reserves.
C humans are not involved in biosphere reserves.
D More than one option is correct

The correct answer is:
humans are an integral part of biosphere reserves.

Solution:
Biosphere reserves are multipurpose protected areas, which are meant for preserving genetic diversity in representative ecosystems of various natural biomes and unique biological communities by protecting wild populations, traditional life style of tribals and domesticated plant and animal genetic resources. Humans are integral part of biosphere reserves but not of the national parks.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET