datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Cytoskeleton is made up of

Options:
A Callure deposits
B Cellulosic microfibrils
C Proteinaceous filaments
D Calcium carbonate granules

The correct answer is:
Proteinaceous filaments

Solution:
The cytoskeleton is a system of proteinaceous fibrillar structures that pervades the cytoplasm. As such, it may be described as the part of the cytoplasm that provides the internal supporting framework for a cell. In addition to providing structural support, it's also involved in different types of movements (where it anchors various cellular structures like the flagellum) as well as the movement of cellular substances.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
D(+) glucose reacts with hydroxyl amine and yield an oxime. The structure of the oxime would be:

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
D(+)-glucose reacts with hydoxilamine give its oxime. The structure of oxime is as follows,

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET, NEET 2014
D (+) glucose reacts with hydroxylamine and yields an oxime. The structure of the oxime would be

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Glucose reacts with hydroxyl amine to form an oxime.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Damage to hearing is caused by sounds which exceed

Options:
A 70 dB
B 100 dB
C 110 dB
D 120 dB

The correct answer is:
120 dB

Solution:
Noise has been well defined as unwanted sound which is being dumped into the atmosphere to disturb the unwilling ear. Sound intensity of 100 dB becomes uncomfortable and 130 dB painful.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Damage to thymus in a child may lead to:

Options:
A a reduction in haemoglobin content of blood
B a reduction in stem cell production
C loss of antibody mediated immunity
D loss of cell mediated immunity.

The correct answer is:
loss of cell mediated immunity.

Solution:
Thymus is the primary lymphocyte, which is involved the production and maturation of T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes provide cell mediated immunity. B cells, which mature in the bone marrow, are responsible for antibody-mediated immunity.
Related Theory
Immature T lymphocytes are cells that have not yet encountered their specific antigen. In peripheral lymphoid organs, they can interact with antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which use MHC molecules to present antigen. Once the $T$ lymphocytes recognise their specific antigens, they proliferate and differentiate into one of several effector $T$ lymphocyte subsets. Effector T lymphocytes interact with host cells (rather than the pathogen) to carry out their immune function. T lymphocytes use co-receptors to bind to the MHC molecules. Co-receptors can be either CD4 or $C D_8$. CD proteins help to differentiate major groups of effector $T$ lymphocytes. immature $C_{8+} T$ lymphocytes will become cytotoxic $T$ lymphocytes. Alternatively, $C D_{{ }^{+}} T$ lymphocytes will become $T$ helper lymphocytes, each of which specialised for particular tasks.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2005
Daniel cell is a electrochemical cell, which of the following statement is true about it?

Options:
A Cations move toward zinc electrode
B Current flows from zinc electrode to copper electrode
C Cations move toward copper electrode which is cathode
D Electrons flow from copper electrode to zinc electrode

The correct answer is:
Cations move toward copper electrode which is cathode

Solution:
In daniel cell copper rod acts as cathode so there cations move towards copper electrode and reduction take place on copper rod.

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET
Darwin in his "Natural Selection Theory" did not believe in any role of which one of the following in organic evolution ?

Options:
A parasites and predators as natural enemies
B survival of the fittest
C struggle for existence
D discontinuous variations

The correct answer is:
discontinuous variations

Solution:
The theory of natural selection is based on the following factors :
(i) Rapid multiplication and limited food and space which leads to struggle for existence.
(ii) Struggle for existence and variations which leads to natural selection or survival of the fittest.
(iii) Natural selection and inheritance of useful variation over many generation which leads to formation of new species.
Darwin in his 'Natural Selection Theory did not believe in the role of discontinuous variation in natural selection. Darwin always believed in the universal occurrence of variation. In his opinion, variation is continuous in nature.
Related Theory
Because resources are limited in nature, organisms with heritable traits that favour survival and reproduction will tend to leave more offspring than their peers, causing the traits to increase in frequency over generations.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2003
Darwin's finches are an example of

Options:
A convergent evolution
B adaptive radiation
C divergent evolution
D both b and c

The correct answer is:
both b and c

Solution:
Darwin's finches are small birds that were first observed by Darwin at Galapagos Islands during his voyage in his ship H.M.S. Beagle. Darwin noticed that all the islands had these small finches which were very similar except for their diverse beak shapes. This was surprising for him and so Darwin observed these birds and thus came to the conclusion that beak shapes were different because of their different feeding habits and the habitat. Thus the finches got adapted to the new habitat and habits. This is adaptive radiation. This was also an example of divergent evolution as according to Darwin these finches being similar had a common ancestor but due to habitat changes got adapted separately. Hence these finches are examples of adaptive and divergent evolution.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Darwin's finches are an excellent example of

Options:
A Adaptive radiation
B Seasonal migration
C Brood parasitism
D Connecting links

The correct answer is:
Adaptive radiation

Solution:
Darwin's Finches are an excellent example of adaptive radiation. Adaptive radiation is the occurrence of the diversification of a single or small groups of species into a large number or descendents that occupy various ecological niches. This is an evolutionary process driven by natural selection.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Darwin's finches of Galapagos islands provide evidence in favor of what?

Options:
A Evolution due to mutation
B Retrogressive evolution
C Biogeographical evolution
D Special creation

The correct answer is:
Biogeographical evolution

Solution:
The finches of Galapagos islands provides evidence in favour of biogeographical evolution.

All the varieties of the finches, Sir Darwin conjectured, evolved in the island by itself. From the original seed-eating features, many other forms with altered beaks arose, enabling them to become insectivorous, and vegetarian finches. This process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and literally radiating to other areas of geography (habitats) is called Adaptive radiation.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Darwin's finches on Galapagos islands are example of

Options:
A Adaptive radiation
B Divergent evolution
C Biogeographical evidence
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
Darwin's finches represent one of the best examples of adaptive radiation, in which the different varieties of finches were evolved from a common original species, seed eaters, on Galapagos island in due course of time. This type of speciation comes under biogeographical evidence.
Single adaptive radiation results in divergent evolution.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Darwin's theory of evolution fails to explain:

Options:
A Role of environment in speciation
B Origin and transmission of variations
C Overproduction
D Survival of the fittest

The correct answer is:
Origin and transmission of variations

Solution:
Charles Darwin gave the theory of evolution, stating that "all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's ability to compete, survive, and reproduce." Also called as Darwinian theory, explained the development of new species where an organisms gathered better suited variations to survive the ever changing environment through the process of over production, competition in resources and natural selection. Although, it could not provide any satisfactory explanation for the source of new variation or adaptations from which natural selection could select. So, Darwin theory fails to explain origin and transmission of variations.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Daughter cells formed after mitosis resemble to their mother cell but daughter cells formed after meiosis differ from mother cell:

Options:
A Quantitatively
B Qualitatively
C Functionally
D More than one option is correct

The correct answer is:
More than one option is correct

Solution:
Mitosis is an equational division in which the daughter cells formed are identical to the parent cell in quantity and quality of chromosomes. Meiosis is a reductional division in which the cell produced have half the number of the chromosome than parent cell and crossing over brings about variation.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Daughter will be colour blind when

Options:
A father is colour blind, mother is normal
B mother is a carrier, father is normal
C mother is colour blind, father is normal
D father is colour blind, mother is carrier

The correct answer is:
father is colour blind, mother is carrier

Solution:
Colour blindness is a X-linked recessive disorder. The affected individual is not able to distinguish colour especially red and green. X-lined disorders are inherent disorders due to mutation in the X-chromosome which causes the phenotype to be always expressed in male and in female only in homozygous condition. For a daughter to be colour blind, her father must be colour blind as she receives one X-chromosome from him and mother must be a carrier if not colour blind to pass the X- chromosome to daughter.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
David is a hardworking environmentalist who has to travel 10 kilometres to his office daily. He drives to and fro from his destination in a sedan which releases a substantial amount of vehicular exhaust into the atmosphere. This concerns David due to the growing pollution in the city.
Which of the following measures can he take to reduce the emission of pollutants from his car?

Options:
A Platinum catalytic converter with unleaded petrol
B Platinum - palladium catalytic converter with leaded petrol
C Platinum - palladium catalytic converter with unleaded petrol
D Platinum catalytic converter with leaded petrol

The correct answer is:
Platinum - palladium catalytic converter with unleaded petrol

Solution:
Catalytic converters reduces emission of poisonous gases by converting hydrocarbons into carbon dioxide and water and nitric oxide and carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and nitrogen. These catalytic converters are made of expensive metals such as platinum-palladium and rhodium as the catalysts. Lead in the petrol inactivates the catalyst hence should be used with unleaded petrol.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
David Tilman's long-term ecosystem experiments using outdoor plots confirmed that

Options:
A Increased diversity contributed to higher productivity
B Plots with more species showed less year to year variation in the total biomass
C Biodiversity has no relation with productivity, resistance and stability.
D Both (1) and (2)

The correct answer is:
Both (1) and (2)

Solution:
The stability of an ecosystem means, the productivity of the ecosystem should not show much variation year to year, the ecosystem should be resistant or resilient to occasional disturbance and it should be resistant to alien species invasion.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
DDT content in the water of a lake that supplies drinking water to the nearby villages is found to be 0.033 ppm. The kingfishers of that area reported to have 2 ppm of DDT. This phenomenon is known as:

Options:
A Cultured Eutrophication
B Global warming
C Biomagnification
D Eutrophication

The correct answer is:
Biomagnification

Solution:
Biomagnification, also known as bioamplification or biological magnification, is the increase in the concentration of a substance that occurs in a food chain.

This happens because a toxic substance accumulated by an organism cannot be metabolized or excreted, and is thus passed on to the next higher trophic level. This phenomenon is well-known for mercury and DDT. High concentration of DDT disturb calcium metabolism in birds, which causes thinning of egg shell and their premature breaking, eventually causing a decline in bird populations. This phenomenon is called biomagnification.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
DDT residues are rapidly passed through food chain causing biomagnification because DDT is

Options:
A lipo soluble
B moderately toxic
C non-toxic to aquatic animals
D water soluble

The correct answer is:
lipo soluble

Solution:
Many of pesticides, such as DDT, aldrin and dieldrin are accumulated in the environment. They are fat soluble and generally non-biodegradable. They get incorporated into the food chain and ultimately deposited in the fatty tissues of animals and humans. In the food chain, because of their build up, they get magnified in the higher trophic levels called biological magnification. The phenomenon of biological magnification is also reported of certain other pollutants such as, heavy metals, eg, Mercury, copper and radioactive substances as strontium-90.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
DDT residues are rapidly passed through food chain causing biomagnification because DDT is

Options:
A Moderately toxic
B Non-toxic to aquatic animals
C Water soluble
D Lipo soluble

The correct answer is:
Lipo soluble

Solution:
DDT residues are rapidly passed through the food chain causing biomagnification because DDT is liposoluble. Biomagnification, also known as bioamplification or biological magnification, is the increase in the concentration of a substance, such as a pesticide DDT, that occurs in a food chain as a consequence of persistence (slow to be broken down by environmental processes).

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
De Broglie wavelength of 0.05 eV thermal neutron is

Options:
A 1.3 â«
B 2Â â«
C 5.4Â â«
D 8Â â«

The correct answer is:
1.3 â«

Solution:
λ=hp=h2m0K
λ=h2×1.66×10-27×0.05×1.6×10-19
λ=1.28 Å
λ≈1.3 Å

Topic: Physics, Atomic Physics, NEET
de Broglie wavelengths of two particles A and B are plotted against 1V ; where V is the potential on the particles. Which of the following relation is correct about the mass of the particles?

Options:
A mA=mB
B mA>mB
C mA<mB
D mA≤mB

The correct answer is:
mA>mB

Solution:
As λ=h2meV
Here λ= wavelength, m = mass of matter wave and V = potential.
Here considering the graph mA<mB .

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
De Vries gave his mutation theory on organic evolution while working on:

Options:
A Pisum sativum
B Drosophila melanogaster
C Oenothera lamarckiana
D Althea rosea.

The correct answer is:
Oenothera lamarckiana

Solution:
Hugo de Vries conducted his experiments on Oenothera Lamarckiana, (Evening Primrose) and found several aberrent types. He suggested that new types of inherited characteristics may appear suddenly without any previous indication of their presence in the race.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2005
Death while sleeping in closed room with burning coal furnace is due to

Options:
A CO2
B CO
C CCl4
D SO2

The correct answer is:
CO

Solution:
Coal is a fossil fuel which on burning produces heat and gives out carbon monoxide as waste or pollutant. Haemoglobin shows more affinity to CO than oxygen. When this CO filled air is inhaled, it replaces oxygen in our blood and forms carboxyhemoglobin COHb . COHb is very toxic and can lead to respiratory diseases and even cause neurological complications. Carbon monoxide poisoning can lead to death of the individual.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
De-Broglie wavelength of an electron accelerated by a voltage of 50âV is close to

e=1.6Ã10-19 C, me=9.1Ã10-31 kg, h=6.6Ã10-34 J s

Options:
A 0.5 â«
B 1.2Â â«
C 1.7 â«
D 2.4Â â«

The correct answer is:
1.7 â«

Solution:
De-Broglie wavelength Î» in given by
â=hmv=h2meV
and for electron Î»=12.27 AÂ°V
=12.27 AÂ°50
=1.7 AÂ°

Topic: Physics, Atomic Physics, NEET
Decline in the population of Indian native fishes due to introduction of Clarias gariepinus in river Yamuna can be categoriesd as

Options:
A co-extinction
B habitat fragmentation
C overexploitation
D allien species invasion

The correct answer is:
allien species invasion

Solution:
Decline in the population of Indian native fishes due to introduction of Clarias gariepinus in river Yamuna can be categorised as alien species invasions. It is posing a threat to the indigenous catfishes in our rivers and causing a loss of biodiversity.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Decomposers like fungi and bacteria are i. Autotrophs ii. Heterotrophs iii. Saprotrophs iv. Chemo-autptrophs Choose the correct answer.

Options:
A i and iii
B i and iv
C ii and iii
D i and ii

The correct answer is:
ii and iii

Solution:
Decomposers like fungi and bacteria are heterotrophs and saprotrophs.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Decomposition is inhibited during:

Options:
A Warm and moist environment
B Low temperature and anaerobiosis
C Warm and aerobic environment
D Aerobic and slightly acidic condition

The correct answer is:
Low temperature and anaerobiosis

Solution:
Decomposition is largely an oxygen-requiring process. The rate of decomposition is controlled by chemical composition of detritus and climatic factors. In a particular climatic condition, decomposition rate is slower if detritus is rich in lignin and chitin, and quicker, if detritus is rich in nitrogen and water soluble substances like sugars. Temperature and soil moisture are the most important climatic factors that regulate decomposition through their effects on the activities of soil microbes. Warm and moist environment favour decomposition whereas low temperature and anaerobiosis inhibit decomposition resulting in build up of organic materials.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Decomposition is

Options:
A The process of recycling of nutrient in the ecosystem
B Anaerobic process
C Faster if detritus is rich in lignin and chitin
D Slower in warm and moist environment

The correct answer is:
The process of recycling of nutrient in the ecosystem

Solution:
Decomposition is the breakdown of complex organic matter into simple inorganic substances. It involves fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification and mineralization. It requires oxygen and is faster in a warm and moist environment. Lignin and chitin cannot be degraded easily; hence, their presence slows down decomposition.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Decomposition of N2O4(g) takes place as follows
N2O4(g)⇌2NO2(g)
'D' is the vapour density at initial stage and 'd' is the vapour density at equilibrium. We get following graph when the degree of dissociation 'α' is plotted against Dd

What is the value of Dd at A?

Options:
A 0
B 0.5
C 1
D 1.5

The correct answer is:
1

Solution:
α=D-d(n-1)d
At 'A', α=0
So 0=D-d(2-1)d
Dd=1 .

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Equilibrium, NEET
Decrease in size from left to right in actinoid series is greater and gradual than that in lanthanoid series due to:

Options:
A $4 f$ orbitals are penultimate
B $4 f$ orbitals have greater shielding effect
C $5 f$ orbitals have poor shielding effect
D $5 \mathrm{f}$ orbitals have greater shielding effect

The correct answer is:
$5 f$ orbitals have poor shielding effect

Solution:
More is the number of poor shielders, greater will be $\mathrm{Z}_{\text {eff }}$ and hence, smaller is the size. Actinoids consists of more no. of poor shielders $(3 d, 4 d, 5 d, 4 f)$. Therefore, size continuously decreases left to right.

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 2)
Decreasing order of acidic strength of following compound is

Options:
A X > Y > Z
B Y > X > Z
C Z > Y > X
D Z > X > Y

The correct answer is:
Z > X > Y

Solution:
Acidic nature decreases as

After the loss of proton, the compound Z becomes aromatic (as well as -R effect of -CN , makes it more acidic)
X becomes aromatic after the loss of proton
Y becomes anti-aromatic after the loss of proton

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Decreasing order of reactivity in Williamson’s ether synthesis of the following.
I. Me3CCH2Br
II. CH3CH2CH2Br
III. CH2=CHCH2Cl
IV. CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl

Options:
A I > II > IV > III
B III > II > IV > I
C I >III > II > IV
D II > III > IV > I

The correct answer is:
II > III > IV > I

Solution:
The reactivity of alkyl halides is in the order, CH3>1o>2o>3o as tendency of alkyl halides to undergo elimination is 3o>2o>1o.
C â Br bond length is longer than C â Cl bond. So, C â Br bond is easier to break than C â Cl bond.
CH 2 =CH C ⊕ H 2 carbocation is resonance stabilized
i.e., [CH2=CH-CâH2âCâH2-CH=CH2]
So, it reacts faster than n- butyl chloride

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET
Decreasing order of stability of given carbocations is?

(1) (2) CH 2 = CH - C â H 2

(3) C 6 H 5 - C â H 2 (4) CH 3 - C â H - CH 3

Options:
A 3 > 2 > 4 > 1
B 1 > 3 > 4 > 2
C 1 > 3 >2 > 4
D 3 > 2 > 1 > 4

The correct answer is:
1 > 3 >2 > 4

Solution:
(1) Aromatic
(2) CH 2 = CH - C â H 2 (2 Resonating Structure )

(3) C â H 2 more delocalised (4 Resonating Structure )
(4) CH 3 - C â H - CH 3 (6 hyper conjugation )

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Decreasing order of stability of O2, O2-, O2+ and O22- is:

Options:
A O2+>O2> O2-> O22-
B O22-> O2->O2> O2+
C O2> O2+> O22-> O2-
D O2-> O22->O2+>O2

The correct answer is:
O2+>O2> O2-> O22-

Solution:
B.O=Nb -Na2
O 2 − ⇒σ1 s 2 < σ * 1 s 2 <σ2 s 2 < σ * 2 s 2 <σ2 p z 2 <π2 p x 2 =π2 p y 2 < π * 2 p x 2 = π * 2 p y 1
B.O for O2-=1.5⇒10 - 72=1.5
O 2 ⇒σ1 s 2 < σ * 1 s 2 <σ2 s 2 < σ * 2 s 2 <σ2 p z 2 <π2 p x 2 =π2 p y 2 < π * 2 p x 1 = π * 2 p y 1
B.O for O2=2.0⇒10 – 62=2
O 2 + ⇒σ1 s 2 < σ * 1 s 2 <σ2 s 2 < σ * 2 s 2 <σ2 p z 2 <π2 p x 2 <π2 p y 2 < π * 2 p x 1 < π * 2 p y 0
B.O for O2+=2.5⇒10 - 52=2.5

O22-⇒σ1s2<σ*1s2<σ2s2<σ*2s2<σ2pz2<π2px2=π2py2<π*2px2=π*2py2
O22+⇒B.O=10-42=3.0
O2-<O2+<O22+

O2⟶16e-
O2-⟶17e-
O2+⟶15e-
O22-⟶18e-
O2+O2Bond order2.52 O2-O22-1.51
Stability α Bond order
Stability order O2+>O2>O2->O22-

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
Dedifferentiation produces cells that once again lose the capacity to divide but mature to perform specific functions are said to be __.

Options:
A redifferentiation
B differentiation
C development
D dedifferentiation

The correct answer is:
redifferentiation

Solution:
Dedifferentiation produces cells that once again lose the capacity to divide but mature to perform specific functions are said to be redifferentiation

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Deficiency in the activity of adrenal cortex leads to

Options:
A under secretion of adrenocorticoids (hypocorticism).
B decreased the number of lymphocytes, resulting in lymphocytopenia.
C high aldosterone and gluco-corticoides level in blood.
D decreased the number of eosinophils, resulting in eosinopenia.

The correct answer is:
under secretion of adrenocorticoids (hypocorticism).

Solution:
Hyposecretion of glucocorticoids which is a hormone of adrenal cortex results in Addison's disease. Addison's disease also causes an increase in the number of WBCs, resulting into eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, leucocytosis, etc.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET