datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
According to the principle "like dissolves like," in which type of solvents are polar substances most soluble?

Options:
A Non-polar solvents
B Aqueous solvents
C Ionic solvents
D Polar solvents

The correct answer is:
Polar solvents

Solution:
According to "like dissolves like," polar substances are most soluble in polar solvents, as they have similar intermolecular forces.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
According to the provided information, which of the following options accurately demonstrates the relationship between a force and velocity, confirming that a force that does no work must be velocity dependent?

Options:
A dW = 0
B Fv= 0
C F is not dependent on velocity
D F must be velocity dependent, with the angle between F and v being 90°. If \(v\) changes direction, then F should also change direction to satisfy the aforementioned condition.

The correct answer is:
F must be velocity dependent, with the angle between F and v being 90°. If \(v\) changes direction, then F should also change direction to satisfy the aforementioned condition.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
F must be velocity dependent, with the angle between F and v being 90°. If \(v\) changes direction, then F should also change direction to satisfy the aforementioned condition.

Topic: Chemistry, Magnetic Effects of Current, NEET
According to the roadmap, the goal of the Euro III norms is to reduce _____(a)_____ to __(b)__ ppm in petrol and diesel.

Options:
A a - carbon monoxide, b - 60
B a - sulphur, b - 50
C a - lead, b - 60
D a - carbon monoxide, b - 50

The correct answer is:
a - sulphur, b - 50

Solution:
The Government of India through a new auto fuel policy has laid out a roadmap to cut down vehicular pollution in Indian cities. More stringent norms for fuels means steadily reducing the sulphur and aromatic content in petrol and diesel fuels. Euro III norms, for example, stipulate that sulphur be controlled at 350 parts-per-million (ppm) in diesel and 150 ppm in petrol. Aromatic hydrocarbons are to be contained at 42 per cent of the concerned fuel. The goal, according to the roadmap, is to reduce sulphur to 50 ppm in petrol and diesel and bring down the level to 35 per cent. Corresponding to the fuel, vehicle engines will also need to be upgraded.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
According to the rule mentioned in the paragraph, how does the degree of dissociation affect the experimentally determined molar mass?

Options:
A It makes it equal to the true value
B It increases it
C It decreases it
D It has no effect

The correct answer is:
It decreases it

Solution:
The paragraph explains that the degree of dissociation causes the experimentally determined molar mass to be lower than the true value, which means it decreases the experimentally determined molar mass.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
According to the taxonomic hierarchy, which of the following statements are correct?

Options:
A Felis and Canis are placed under same family.
B Potato and brinjal belong to the same genus.
C Classes of plants with few similar characters are assigned to higher category called order.
D Panther and Felis domestica are placed in different families.

The correct answer is:
Potato and brinjal belong to the same genus.

Solution:
Potato and brinjal not only belongs to the same family but also to the same genus i.e. Solanum. The scientific name of potato and brinjal is Solanum tuberosum and Solanum melongena respectively. Felis and Canis belong to a different families.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
According to the theory of special creation, earth is supposed to be about _____ years old.

Options:
A 3.5 billion
B 4000
C 4.5 billion
D 2000 million

The correct answer is:
4000

Solution:
The theory of special creation was given by Father Saurez. This theory has three connotations. One, that all living organisms (species or types) that we see today were created as such. Two, that the diversity was always the same since creation and will be the same in future also. Three, that earth is about 4000 years old.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
According to the Valence Bond Theory (VBT), what can be predicted about the geometry of a complex based on its magnetic behavior?

Options:
A The magnetic behavior is unrelated to the complex's geometry.
B The complex's magnetic behavior can provide insights into its geometry.
C Magnetic behavior and geometry are inversely related.
D Magnetic behavior only depends on the complex's oxidation state.

The correct answer is:
The complex's magnetic behavior can provide insights into its geometry.

Solution:
The paragraph suggests that it is usually possible to predict the geometry of a complex from its magnetic behavior based on VBT.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
According to the Valence bond theory, which statement is incorrect regarding bonding between two carbon atoms?

Options:
A A sigma(σ) bond is weaker than a π-bond
B A sigma bond is stronger than a π-bond
C A double bond is stronger than a single bond
D A double bond is shorter than a single bond

The correct answer is:
A sigma(σ) bond is weaker than a π-bond

Solution:
A Ï- bond is stronger than a Ï- bond.
Sigma Ï bonds are formed by head-on overlap of unhybridised s-s, p-p or s-p orbitals and hybridized orbitals sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d and sp3d2 . Hence, Ï bond are strong bonds. Where as Pi Ï- bonds are formed by side-wise overlap of unhybridised p and d orbitals. Hence Ï bonds are weak bonds.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
According to the variation of angular position θ with time t shown in Fig. 7.7, in which direction is the body rotating?

Options:
A Clockwise
B Anti-clockwise
C Not determinable from the given information
D Insufficient data

The correct answer is:
Anti-clockwise

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Anti-clockwise

Topic: Chemistry, Rotational Motion, NEET
According to Thomson's experiments, what does the amount of deviation of particles from their path in the presence of an electric or magnetic field depend upon?

Options:
A The mass of the particle
B The charge on the particle
C The temperature of the cathode
D The type of gas in the cathode ray tube

The correct answer is:
The charge on the particle

Solution:
Thomson's experiments indicated that the amount of deviation of particles from their path in the presence of an electric or magnetic field depends on the magnitude of the negative charge on the particle.

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
According to Valence Bond Theory (VBT), what can the metal atom or ion do under the influence of ligands?

Options:
A Use its 3d orbitals for hybridization
B Use its 4s and 4p orbitals for hybridization
C Use its 5s, 5p, and 5d orbitals for hybridization
D Use its 4s, 4p, and 4d orbitals for hybridization

The correct answer is:
Use its 4s and 4p orbitals for hybridization

Solution:
According to Valence Bond Theory (VBT), the metal atom or ion can use its (n-1)d, ns, np, or ns, np, nd orbitals for hybridization to yield a set of equivalent orbitals.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
According to Werner, which geometrical shapes are more common in coordination compounds of transition metals?

Options:
A Octahedral and tetrahedral
B Octahedral and square planar
C Tetrahedral and square planar
D Tetrahedral and hexagonal

The correct answer is:
Octahedral and square planar

Solution:
Werner postulated that octahedral and square planar geometrical shapes are more common in coordination compounds of transition metals.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Account for the following observations: (i) AlCl3is a Lewis acid (ii) Though fluorine is more electronegative than chlorine yet BF3is a weaker Lewis acid than BCl3(iii) PbO2is a stronger oxidising agent than SnO2(iv) The +1 oxidation state of thallium is more stable than its +3 state.

Options:
A (i) Electron deficiency in Al (ii) Smaller size of F (iii) Greater number of oxygen atoms (iv) Inert pair effect
B (i) Electron deficiency in Al (ii) Larger size of F (iii) Greater number of oxygen atoms (iv) Inert pair effect
C (i) Electron deficiency in Cl (ii) Smaller size of F (iii) Lesser number of oxygen atoms (iv) Inert pair effect
D (i) Electron deficiency in Cl (ii) Larger size of F (iii) Lesser number of oxygen atoms (iv) Inert pair effect

The correct answer is:
(i) Electron deficiency in Al (ii) Smaller size of F (iii) Greater number of oxygen atoms (iv) Inert pair effect

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
(i) Electron deficiency in Al (ii) Smaller size of F (iii) Greater number of oxygen atoms (iv) Inert pair effect

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Account for the following statement- Although the amino group is o– and p– directing in aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nitroaniline.

Options:
A Aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nitroaniline because nitration is carried out in acidic medium , in which aniline gets protonated to form anilinium ion which is a meta directing species.
B Aniline's amino group undergoes a tautomeric shift to a meta-directing form during nitration.
C Aniline has steric hindrance that favors substitution at the meta position.
D Aniline forms a highly reactive complex with the nitrating agent, leading to meta substitution.

The correct answer is:
Aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nitroaniline because nitration is carried out in acidic medium , in which aniline gets protonated to form anilinium ion which is a meta directing species.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nitroaniline because nitration is carried out in acidic medium , in which aniline gets protonated to form anilinium ion which is a meta directing species.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Account for the following statement- Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction.

Options:
A Aniline is not a suitable electrophile in Friedel-Crafts reactions.
B Aniline being a Lewis base forms a complex with AlCl3, a Lewis acid. As a result, nitrogen of aniline becomes positively charged and acts as a strong deactivating group for electrophilic substitution reaction. As a result,aniline does not undergo Friedel Crafts reaction.
C Aniline is too polar to participate in Friedel-Crafts reactions.
D Aniline is a strong Lewis base and therefore inhibits the Friedel-Crafts reaction mechanism.

The correct answer is:
Aniline being a Lewis base forms a complex with AlCl3, a Lewis acid. As a result, nitrogen of aniline becomes positively charged and acts as a strong deactivating group for electrophilic substitution reaction. As a result,aniline does not undergo Friedel Crafts reaction.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Aniline being a Lewis base forms a complex with AlCl3, a Lewis acid. As a result, nitrogen of aniline becomes positively charged and acts as a strong deactivating group for electrophilic substitution reaction. As a result,aniline does not undergo Friedel Crafts reaction.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Account for the following statement- Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic amines.

Options:
A Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic amines because these are resonance stabilized while no such resonance stabilization is possible in the corresponding diazonium salts of aliphatic amines.
B Aliphatic amines have a stronger electron-donating effect, making their diazonium salts less stable.
C Diazonium salts of aliphatic amines are more prone to decomposition due to their higher reactivity.
D Aromatic amines have a higher electron affinity, which enhances the stability of their diazonium salts.

The correct answer is:
Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic amines because these are resonance stabilized while no such resonance stabilization is possible in the corresponding diazonium salts of aliphatic amines.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic amines because these are resonance stabilized while no such resonance stabilization is possible in the corresponding diazonium salts of aliphatic amines.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Account for the following statement- Ethylamine is soluble in water whereas aniline is not.

Options:
A Ethylamine is soluble in water due to hydrogen bonding.In aniline, due to the bulky hydrocarbon part, the extent of hydrogen bonding is less and it is not soluble in water.
B Aniline forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
C Ethylamine has a smaller molecular weight.
D Aniline is more polar than ethylamine.

The correct answer is:
Ethylamine is soluble in water due to hydrogen bonding.In aniline, due to the bulky hydrocarbon part, the extent of hydrogen bonding is less and it is not soluble in water.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Ethylamine is soluble in water due to hydrogen bonding.In aniline, due to the bulky hydrocarbon part, the extent of hydrogen bonding is less and it is not soluble in water.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Account for the following statement- Methylamine in water reacts with ferric chloride to precipitate hydrated ferric oxide.

Options:
A Methylamine reduces ferric chloride to form ferric oxide.
B Methylamine forms a complex with ferric ions, leading to the precipitation of ferric oxide.
C Methylamine reacts with water to produce hydroxide ions, which react with dissociated ferric chloride to precipitate ferric oxide.
D Methylamine reacts with ferric chloride to release chloride ions, which then react with ferric ions to form ferric oxide.

The correct answer is:
Methylamine reacts with water to produce hydroxide ions, which react with dissociated ferric chloride to precipitate ferric oxide.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Methylamine reacts with water to produce hydroxide ions, which react with dissociated ferric chloride to precipitate ferric oxide.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Account for the following statement- pKbof aniline is more than that of methylamine.

Options:
A Aniline has a larger conjugated pi system.
B In aniline, the electron pair on nitrogen atom is involved in conjugation with ring and is less available for protonation than in methyl amine. Therefore, pKbvalue of aniline is more than that of methylamine and aniline is less basic
C Aniline has a higher molecular weight.
D Aniline has a stronger hydrogen bond donor capacity.

The correct answer is:
In aniline, the electron pair on nitrogen atom is involved in conjugation with ring and is less available for protonation than in methyl amine. Therefore, pKbvalue of aniline is more than that of methylamine and aniline is less basic

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
In aniline, the electron pair on nitrogen atom is involved in conjugation with ring and is less available for protonation than in methyl amine. Therefore, pKbvalue of aniline is more than that of methylamine and aniline is less basic

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Accumulation of lactic acid $\left(\mathrm{HC}_3 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{O}_3\right)$, a monobasic acid in tissues leads to pain and a feeling of fatigue. In a 0.10
$\mathrm{M}$ aqueous solution, lactic acid is $3.7 \%$ dissociates. The value of dissociation constant, $\mathrm{K}_a$, for this acid will be:

Options:
A $1.4 \times 10^{-5}$
B $1.4 \times 10^{-4}$
C $3.7 \times 10^{-4}$
D $2.8 \times 10^{-4}$

The correct answer is:
$1.4 \times 10^{-4}$

Solution:
$$
\alpha=\frac{3.7}{100}=0.037
$$
According to Ostwald's formula
$$
\begin{aligned}
\mathrm{K}_\alpha & =\alpha^2 \mathrm{C} \\
& =(0.037)^2 \times 0.10 \\
& =1.369 \times 10^{-4}
\end{aligned}
$$

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
Acetamide is treated with the following reagents separately. Which one of these would yield methyl amine ?

Options:
A $\mathrm{NaOH}-\mathrm{Br}_2$
B Sodalime
C Hot conc $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$
D $\mathrm{PCl}_5$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{NaOH}-\mathrm{Br}_2$

Solution:
Key Idea The reagent which can convert $-\mathrm{CONH}_2$ group into $-\mathrm{NH}_2$ group is used for this reaction.
Among the given reagents only $\mathrm{NaOH} / \mathrm{Br}_2$ converts $-\mathrm{CONH}_2$ group to $-\mathrm{NH}_2$ group, thus it is used for converting acetamide to methyl amine. This reaction is called Hofmann bromamide reaction.
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \underset{\text { acetamide }}{\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CONH}_2}+\mathrm{NaOH}+\mathrm{Br}_2 \longrightarrow \begin{array}{c}
\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NH}_2 \\
\text { methyl amine }
\end{array} \\
&+\mathrm{NaBr}+\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{CO}_3+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}
\end{aligned}
$$

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
Acetamide is treated with the following reagents separately. Which one of these would yield methyl amine?

Options:
A PCl5
B NaOH/Br2
C Sodalime
D Hot conc. H2SO4

The correct answer is:
NaOH/Br2

Solution:
Acetamide on reaction with Br2/KOH gives methylamine it is known as Hoffmann Bromamide reaction.
CH3CONH2+Br2+4KOH→CH3NH2+K2CO3+2KBr+2H2O

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Acetamide when heated with PCl5 , gives

Options:
A CH3Cl
B CH3CN
C CH3CCl2NH2
D CHCl2CONH2

The correct answer is:
CH3CCl2NH2

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET
Acetic acid and propionic acid have Ka values 1.75×10-5 and 1.3×10-5 respectively at a certain temperature. An equimolar solution of a mixture of the two acids is partially neutralised by NaOH. How is the ratio of the contents of acetate and propionate ions related to the Ka values and the molarity?

Options:
A α1-α=1.751.3×β1-β , whereas α and β are ionized fractions of the acids
B The ratio is unrelated to the Ka values
C The ratio is unrelated to the molarity
D The ratio is unrelated to the pH of the solution

The correct answer is:
α1-α=1.751.3×β1-β , whereas α and β are ionized fractions of the acids

Solution:
In a given mixture, the ionization of two acids can be written at
Let Î±,Î² be degree of ionization at same concentration.
CH3COOH1-Î±âCH3COO-Î±+H+Î±+Î²
C2H5COOH1-Î²âC2H5COO-Î²+H+Î±+Î²
So K Acetic acid  =  α α + β ⋅c 1−α
K Prepionic acid  =  β α + β ⋅c 1−β
So K acetic acid K propinoic acid  =  α 1−α  ×  1−β β
or Î±1-Î±=1.751.3ÃÎ²1-Î².

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
Acetic acid can be halogenated in presence of phosphorus and chlorine. Formic acid cannot be halogenated with same way because of

Options:
A presence of α -H-atom in formic acid
B absence of α -H-atom in formic acid
C absence of α -H-atom in CH3COOH
D higher acidic strength of acetic acid than formic acid

The correct answer is:
absence of α -H-atom in formic acid

Solution:
HVZ reaction is given by only those carboxylic acids which have α -H-atom. CH3COOH has three α -H-atoms but formic acid does not have α -H-atom hence formic acid cannot be halogenated.
For e.g. CH 3 COOH +  Cl 2 → P 4 Δ ClCH 2 COOH + HCl

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET
Acetic acid is a weak acid. The molar conductances of 0.05 M acetic acid at 25°C is 7.36 S cm2mol-1 . If its Λm∞ is 390.72 S cm2mol-1 . The value of equilibrium constant is

Options:
A 1.8×10-5
B 1.8×10-7
C 3.6×10-5
D 5.4×10-5

The correct answer is:
1.8×10-5

Solution:
αc=Λme/Λm∞
=7.36/390.72=0.019
So Kα=[CH3COO-1(aq)][H3O+(aq)][CH3COOH]
=Cα21-α≈Cα2
=1.8×10-5

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET
Acetic acid undergoes dimerisation, when dissolved in benzene

Molecular mass of acetic acid is found 120. Which among the following relation is correct?

D = theroartical vapour density
d = observed vapour density

Options:
A α=2D-dd
B α=2D-dD
C α=2d-Dd
D α=2dD-d

The correct answer is:
α=2d-Dd

Solution:
Here α=1
Because CH3COOH will have molecualar mass = 120
Due to 100% association n =2 (for dimerisation)
For association of molecule
α=d-Dd1-1n=d-Dd1-12
=2(d-D)d

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Equilibrium, NEET
Acetic anhydride is prepared in the laboratory by heating sodium acetate with

Options:
A Ethyl chloride
B Acetyl chloride
C Conc. H2SO4
D Zinc dust

The correct answer is:
Acetyl chloride

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET
Acetone is treated with excess of ethanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The product obtained is

Options:
A

B

C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
When carbonyl compounds are treated with alcohol, they form hemiacetal (hemiketal and acetal/ketal.)
Note: Formation of hemiketal is a nucleophilic addition reaction.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
Acetonitrile on reduction gives

Options:
A Propanamine
B Methanamine
C Ethanamine
D Propane nitrile

The correct answer is:
Ethanamine

Solution:
Acetonitrile when reduced with lithium aluminium hydride gives ethanamine.
CH 3 CN → LiAlH 4 Reduction CH 3 CH 2 NH 2 ( ethanamine )

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Acetophenone can be prepared by which of the following methods?
(1) Oxidation of 1-phenylethanol
(2) Reaction of benzaldehyde with methyl magnesium bromide
(3) Friedel craft’s reaction of benzene with acetyl chloride
(4) Distillation of calcium benzoate

Options:
A 1 & 4
B 1 & 2
C 1 & 3
D 3 & 4

The correct answer is:
1 & 3

Solution:
C6H5CHOHCH31-Phenylethanolâ[O]C6H5COCH3Acetophenane
C6H6+CH3COClâFriedal craftsC6H5COCH3+HCl

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Acetophenone when reacted with a base, C2H5ONa, yields a stable compound which has the structure

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Acetophenone when reacted with a base, $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{ONa}$, yields a stable compound which has the structure

Options:
A

B

C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Key Idea : Aldehydes or ketones with $\alpha$-H atom, in presence of dilute base, undergoes aldol condensation to give $\beta$-hydroxy aldehyde or $\beta$-hydroxy ketone. On heating, aldols eliminate water molecule to form $\alpha, \beta$-unsaturated compound.
Note: When aldehydes condense with ketones, it is the $\alpha \cdot \mathrm{H}$ of ketone which takes part in condensation. This reaction is called crossed aldol condensation.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Acetylene is obtained by the electrolysis of

Options:
A Sodium succinate
B Potassium fumarate
C Both (A) and (B)
D None of these

The correct answer is:
Potassium fumarate

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Acid rain is caused because of

Options:
A excess NO2 and SO2 released from burning of fossil fuels
B excess production of NH3 by industry and coal gas
C excess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion in industries.
D excess formation of CO2 by combustion and animal respiration.

The correct answer is:
excess NO2 and SO2 released from burning of fossil fuels

Solution:
In acid rain, pH of rain water is less than 5. Acid rain is caused by large scale emission of acidic gases into the atmosphere from thermal power plants, industries and automobiles. The common ones are sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides (NOX). Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are changed in the atmosphere into sulphuric acid and nitric acid by combining with oxygen and water, which then fall on earth in the form of acid rain.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Acid rain is caused by the increase in the atmospheric concentration of :

Options:
A SO3 and SO
B CO2 and CO
C O3 and dust
D SO2 and NO2

The correct answer is:
SO2 and NO2

Solution:
During rainfall, SO2 and NO2 can decrease the pH of rain water. The oxides of sulphur combine with water to form sulphuric acid, while the oxides of nitrogen produce nitric acid by reacting with water. Thus, the pH of rain water becomes acidic (pH less than 5.5).

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
Acid rain is known to contain some acids. Which of the following acids is not involved in acid rain?

Options:
A Hydrochloric acid
B Nitric acid
C Sulphuric acid
D Carbonic acid

The correct answer is:
Hydrochloric acid

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Hydrochloric acid

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET