datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Method by which Aniline cannot be prepared is:

Options:
A Hydrolysis of phenylisocyanide with acidic solution
B Degradation of benzamide with bromine in alkaline solution
C Reduction of nitrobenzene with H2/Pd in ethanol.
D Potassium salt of phthalimide treated with chlorobenzene followed by hydrolysis with aqueous NaOH solution.

The correct answer is:
Potassium salt of phthalimide treated with chlorobenzene followed by hydrolysis with aqueous NaOH solution.

Solution:
The method by which aniline cannot be prepared is the method potassium salt of phthalimide treated with chlorobenzene followed by hydrolysis with aqueous NaOH solution.

This is because aryl halides do not undergo nucleophilic substitution with potassium phthalimide under ordinary conditions.

Due to resonance C - Cl bond acquires double bond character.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
Method of vector less DNA transfer is

Options:
A microinjection
B electroporation
C biolistics
D all of these

The correct answer is:
all of these

Solution:
The transfer of the desired gene through vector is not the only way to introduce alien DNA into host cells. In a method known as micro-injection, recombinant DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of an animal cell. In another method, suitable for plants, cells are bombarded with high-velocity micro-particles of gold or tungsten coated with DNA in a method known as biolistics or gene gun. And the last method uses 'disarmed pathogen' vectors, which when allowed infecting the cell, transferring the recombinant DNA into the host.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Methyl alcohol (methanol), ethyl alcohol (ethanol) and acetone (propanone) were treated with iodine and sodium hydroxide solutions. Which substances will give iodoform test

Options:
A Only ethyl alcohol
B Methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol
C Ethyl alcohol and acetone
D Only acetone

The correct answer is:
Ethyl alcohol and acetone

Solution:
C2H5OH→NaOH/I2CHI3
CH3COCH3→NaOH/I2CHI3
CH3OH→NaOH/I2 No reaction.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Methyl cyanide on hydrolysis gives

Options:
A Methyl amine
B Acetic acid
C Formic acid
D Ethyl amine

The correct answer is:
Acetic acid

Solution:
Methyl cyanide gives acetic acid on hydrolysis.
CH 3 −C≡N → H ⊕ H 2 O Cu 3 − C || O −OH

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Methyl group attached to a positively charged carbon atom stabilizes the carbocation due to

Options:
A -I inductive effect
B electromeric effect
C hyperconjugation
D mesomeric effect

The correct answer is:
hyperconjugation

Solution:
Methyl group attached to a positively charged carbon atom stabilizes the carbocation due to hyperconjugation and $+I$ effect.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2024 (Re-NEET)
Methyl guanosine triphosphate is added to the 5' end of hnRNA in a process called

Options:
A splicing.
B capping.
C tailing.
D cutting.

The correct answer is:
capping.

Solution:
In eukaryotes primary transcript hnRNA is highly unstable, to make it stable capping occurs at 5' end in which 7-methyl guanosine triphosphate is added and tailing occurs at 3' end in which 200-300 adenine nucleotide is added.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Methyl orange is used as an indicator in acid-base titration. It gives

Options:
A Colourless in alkaline medium
B Red colour in acid medium
C Yellow colour in acid medium
D Yellow colour in alkaline medium and red colour in acid medium

The correct answer is:
Yellow colour in alkaline medium and red colour in acid medium

Solution:
Methyl orange is yellow in alkaline medium and red in acedic medium.

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
Methylene blue, from its aqueous solution is adsorbed on activated charcoal at 25° C. for
this process, the correct statement is

Options:
A The adsorption requires activation at 25° C.
B The adsorption is accompanied by a decrease in enthalpy.
C The adsorption increases with increase of temperature.
D The adsorption is irreversible.

The correct answer is:
The adsorption is accompanied by a decrease in enthalpy.

Solution:
As Methylene blue, from its aqueous solution is adsorbed on activated charcoal at 25° C so no need of activation energy. It is an exothermic process with decrease of enthalpy which means it decreases with the increase of temperature. It is also reversible in nature.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Methylophilus methylotrophus bacterium as SCP produces more

Options:
A proteins.
B fats.
C carbohydrates.
D lipids.

The correct answer is:
proteins.

Solution:
Single Cell Protein (SCP) or probiotics due to its high protein content can be used by both, humans as well as to feed animals. The bacteria Methylophilus methylotrophus has all the essential amino acids and low content of fats and therefore produces more proteins. It uses methanol to produce proteins and are widely used for commercial purposes due to its high rate of biomass production and growth.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Mg and Fe are needed for plants in the

Options:
A energy transfer
B synthesis of chlorophyll pigment in the leaves
C stomatal opening
D translocation of carbohydrates

The correct answer is:
synthesis of chlorophyll pigment in the leaves

Solution:
Magnesium is a structural component of chlorophyll. A chlorophyll molecule consists of a single magnesium atom present in the center which is attached to four pyrrole rings. Iron is a functional component for the synthesis of chlorophyll.
The chlorophyll molecule is made up of a squarish tetrapyrrolic ring known as head and phytol alcohol called the tail. The magnesium atom is present in the central position of the tetrapyrrolic ring. The four pyrrole rings of porphyrin head are linked together by methine (CH =) groups forming a ring system.
When central Mg is replaced by Fe, the chlorophyll becomes a green pigment called 'cytochrome' which is used in photosynthesis (Photophosphorylation) and respiration both.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Mg and Fe are needed for plants in

Options:
A energy transfer
B synthesis of chlorophyll pigment in the leaves
C stomatal opening
D translocation of carbohydrates

The correct answer is:
synthesis of chlorophyll pigment in the leaves

Solution:
Magnesium is structural component of chlorophyll. A chlorophyll molecule consists of a single magnesium atom present in the centre which is attached to four pyrrole rings. Iron is a functional component for synthesis of chlorophyll.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Michelia has

Options:
A multiple carpels which are free from each other
B multiple carpels which are fused to each other
C single carpel
D an inferior ovary

The correct answer is:
multiple carpels which are free from each other

Solution:
Michelia or champa (Magnolia) has flowers with superior ovary, polycarpellary, apocarpous gynoecium. Thye have multiple carpels free from each other. Each ovary is unilocular and placentation is marginal

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Microbe used for biocontrol of pest butterfly caterpillars:

Options:
A Saccharomyces cerevisiae
B Bacillus thuringiensis
C Streptococcus $s p$.
D Trichoderma sp.

The correct answer is:
Bacillus thuringiensis

Solution:
Bacillus thuringiensis produce endotoxin which when ingested and released in the gut of the larvae of insect pest, disrupts the insect gut lining thereby killing earthen.
Related Theory
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), is a grampositive soil bacterium. It forms Cry proteins during the stationary phase of its growth cycle. First, identify a strain of Bt that kills the targeted insect. Then isolate the gene that produces the lethal protein. That gene is removed from the Bt bacterium and is inserted into plant cells. Any plant cell that has the Bt gene must also have the resistance gene that was attached to it and grown or cultured. The modified plants produce the same lethal Bt protein produced by Bt bacteria because the plants now have the same gene.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
Microbe used in cheese preparation is

Options:
A Acetobacter aceti
B Penicillium notatum
C Clostridium butylicum
D Propionibacterium sharmanii

The correct answer is:
Propionibacterium sharmanii

Solution:
Members of the genus Propionibacterium sharmanii are widely used in the production of vitamin B12, tetrapyrrole compounds, and propionic acid, as well as in the probiotics and cheese industries.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Microbes like bacteria and many fungi can be grown on nutritive media to form colonies

Options:
A That can be seen with the naked eyes.
B That cannot be seen with the naked eyes.
C They are observed only by electron microscope.
D They are very difficult to be viewed

The correct answer is:
That can be seen with the naked eyes.

Solution:
Microbes like bacteria and many fungi can be grown on nutritive media to form colonies, that can be seen with the naked eyes. Such cultures are useful in studies on micro-organisms.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Microcosmic salt reacts with coloured ions to form characteristic bead which is due to formation of

Options:
A Borates
B Metaphosphates
C Metaborates
D Phosphates

The correct answer is:
Metaphosphates

Solution:
Microcosmic salt reacts with coloured ions to form characteristic bead which is due to formation of meta phosphates

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Microfilaments are involved in

Options:
A Cyclosis
B Amoeboid movement
C Furrow formation during dell division
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
Microfilaments are involved in the process of celldivision by the formation of cleavage furrow in animal cells. The cell streaming or amoeboid movement is mediated by these cytoskeletal elements.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Microinjection is a method used in genetic engineering for

Options:
A DNA fingerprinting
B transformation of animal cells
C transformation of plant cells
D transformation of bacteria

The correct answer is:
transformation of animal cells

Solution:
Microinjection is a vector less method of gene transfer in which foreign DNA segment is injected into the host cell by using a micropipette. Microinjection is commonly used to transfer foreign DNA segment into the animal cell.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Micropropagation is:

Options:
A The method of producing thousands of plants through tissue culture.
B The formation of alternate resources of proteins for animal and human nutrition.
C The classical breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins and minerals, or higher proteins and healthier fats.
D Large scale culturing of mushrooms.

The correct answer is:
The method of producing thousands of plants through tissue culture.

Solution:
Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce many progeny plants, using modern plant tissue culture methods. Micropropagation is used to multiply plants such as those that have been genetically modified or bred through conventional plant breeding methods.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Micropyle of seed is involved in the passage of

Options:
A male gamete.
B pollen tube.
C water.
D gases.

The correct answer is:
water.

Solution:
The micropyle is a small opening present in the ovule. In ovule, it helps in the entry of the pollen tube. The micropyle of seed is involved in the passage of water. Micropyle plays a very important role in absorbing water during the time of germination.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Microscope is an optical instrument which

Options:
A enlarges the object
B increases the visual angle formed by the object at the eye
C decreases the visual angle formed by the object at the eye.
D brings the object nearer

The correct answer is:
increases the visual angle formed by the object at the eye

Solution:
According to magnifying power,
Î²=angleâ¡ madeâ¡ byâ¡ imageangleâ¡ madeâ¡ byâ¡ object ,
As Î² is greater than 1, visual angle increases.

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
Microscopic study of tissues is known as

Options:
A Histology
B Microbiology
C Cytology
D Pathology

The correct answer is:
Histology

Solution:
The microscopic study of the tissues and organs in relation to their functions is known as histology. It is also called as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Microsporangia of cycas is formed

Options:
A Abaxially on the middle portion of microsporophyll
B Adaxially on the middle portion of microsporophyll
C Abaxially on the middle portion of megasporophyll
D At the extreme tip of microsporophyll

The correct answer is:
Abaxially on the middle portion of microsporophyll

Solution:
The microsporophyll of cycas bears several hundred microsporangia (pollen sacs) on its abaxial surface as clusters of 3 to 6 called sorus. A mature microsporangium encloses large number of haploid microspores.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Microtubules are cylindrical structures having α and β tubulin proteins. They are the constituents of which one of the following groups?

Options:
A Nucleolus, Nucleoid, Nuclear membrane
B Centrosome, Spindle fibre, Flagella, Cillia
C Mitochordria, Lysosome, Chloroplast, golgi apparatus
D Chromosome, chromatid, chromatin

The correct answer is:
Centrosome, Spindle fibre, Flagella, Cillia

Solution:
Microtubules are microscopic hollow tubes made of the proteins alpha and beta tubulin that are part of a cell's cytoskeleton, a network of protein filaments that extends throughout the cell, gives the cell shape, and keeps its organelles in place. They are responsible for various kinds of movements in all eukaryotic cells. Microtubules are involved in nucleic and cell division, organization of intracellular structure, and intracellular transport, as well as ciliary and flagellar motility.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Microtubules are the constituents of:

Options:
A Cilia, Flagella and Peroxisomes
B Spindle fibres, centrioles and cilia
C Centrioles, spindle fibres and chromatin
D Centrosome, Nucleosome and Centrioles

The correct answer is:
Spindle fibres, centrioles and cilia

Solution:
Peroxisomes are a microbody. Chromatin consists of DNA and proteins, and it condenses to form chromosomes. A nucleosome is the basic unit of chromatin. Microtubules are structures present in cilia, flagella, centrioles, and spindle fibres.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
Microtubules from opposite poles of spindle get attached to the kinetochore of sister chromatids during

Options:
A anaphase II
B metaphase II
C metaphase I
D prophase II

The correct answer is:
metaphase II

Solution:
The two cells produced from meiosis I will enter into meiosis II in which each of the cells has two chromatids. In metaphase II the centromere of the individual chromosome is attached to the two kinetochore-microtubules from either side and chromosomes are arranged in the center. In Anaphase II splitting of the centromere of each chromosome and in prophase II nuclear membranes disappear. Along with that chromosome becomes compact.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Middle piece of mammalian sperm possesses

Options:
A Mitochondria and centriole
B Mitochondria only
C Centriole only
D Nucleus and mitochondria

The correct answer is:
Mitochondria and centriole

Solution:
Sperm has,
(i) Head in which acrosome and nucleus are present.
(ii) Middle piece in which it contains many mitochondria.
(iii) A long and highly motile tail.
(A short neck is also present between middle piece and head which has centrioles and may sometimes be regarded as a part of the middle piece)

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Migration of _______ towards the two opposite poles is characteristic feature of anaphase during mitosis.

Options:
A single chromatid chromosomes
B double chromatid chromosomes
C tetrad chromosomes
D dyad chromosomes

The correct answer is:
single chromatid chromosomes

Solution:
During anaphase of mitosis, kinetochores are pulled apart by spindle fibers as a result centromere splits and chromatids are separated, these chromatids are known as daughter chromosomes, which starts moving towards opposite poles.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Milk is changed into curd by

Options:
A Acetobactor aceti
B Bacillus megatherium
C Xanthomonas citri
D None of these

The correct answer is:
None of these

Solution:
Micro-organisms such as Lactobacillus, Streptococcus lactis, and others commonly called lactic acid bacteria (LAB) grow in milk and convert it to curd at 40oC. During growth, the LAB produce acids that coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins. A small amount of curd added to the fresh milk as inoculum or starter contain millions of LAB, which at suitable temperatures multiply, thus converting milk to curd.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Milk of transgenic 'Cow Rosie' was nutritionally more balanced product for human babies than natural cow milk because it contained:

Options:
A Human protein $\alpha$-1-antitrypsin
B Human alpha-lactalbumin
C Human insulin-like growth factor
D Human enzyme Adenosine Deaminase (ADA)

The correct answer is:
Human alpha-lactalbumin

Solution:
Transgenic cow Rosie produced milk rich in Human protein $\alpha$-Lactalbumin which is easily digestible to babies with lactose intolerance.
$\rightarrow$ Such proteins which are produced in other organisms through DNA recombinant technology are called recombinant proteins.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 2)
Milk yield is primarily dependent on the:

Options:
A Quality of breed
B Absence of disease
C Quantity of roughage given to animal
D Quantity of concentrate given to animal

The correct answer is:
Quality of breed

Solution:
Milk yield primarily depends upon the quality of breeds of dairy animals.
Important characteristics of a good breed:
A. High milk yield (in the climatic conditions of that area).
B. Resistant to diseases.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Milk yield is primarily dependent on

Options:
A Quality of breed
B Absence of disease
C Quantity of roughage given to animal
D Quantity of concentrate given to animal

The correct answer is:
Quality of breed

Solution:
Dairying: It is the rearing or management of animals for milk and its products for the consumption of humans.
Milk yield primarily depends upon the quality of breeds of dairy animals. Important characteristics of a good breed: 1. High milk yield (in the climatic conditions of that area). 2. Resistant to diseases.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Miller performed experiment to prove abiogenic molecular evolution of life. Which molecule was not present in Miller's experiment?

Options:
A Oxygen
B Water
C Ammonia
D Methane

The correct answer is:
Oxygen

Solution:
Urey and Miller experimentally proved the oparin and haldane theory. hence they used the same substances that were mentioned in the experiment. According to oparin and haldane the initial atmosphere had H, O, C, and N elements. Hydrogen was most reactive and hence reacted with other elements also. This resulted in formation of water, methane and ammonia compounds. Oxygen molecule was not formed as oxygen was very less and hydrogen reacted with it.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Minamata disease is due to pollution of–

Options:
A Organic waste into drinking water
B Oil spill in water
C Industrial waste mercury into fishing water
D Arsenic into the atmosphere

The correct answer is:
Industrial waste mercury into fishing water

Solution:
Minamata disease is caused by severe mercury poisoning

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
Minamata disease is due to pollution of-

Options:
A Organic waste into drinking water
B Oil spill in water
C fishing water by Industrial waste (mercury)
D Aresenic into the atmosphere

The correct answer is:
fishing water by Industrial waste (mercury)

Solution:
Due to Hg poisoning in fishing water, minamata disease is caused.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
Mineral usage efficiency of plants can be ........A........... by genetic modification of plants, and thus the exhaustion of fertility of the soil is ...............B............... .

Options:
A

A	B
Increased	Hastened

B

A	B
Increased	Delayed

C

A	B
Decreased	Hastened

D

A	B
Decreased	Delayed

The correct answer is:

A	B
Increased	Delayed

Solution:
Use of Genetic modification in plants are following:
1. Crops are made more tolerant to unfavorable conditions or abiotic stresses e.g. cold, salt, heat, draught, etc.
2. Development of pest resistant crops (this reduces the use of pesticides in field).
3. Post-harvest losses are reduced.
4. Mineral usage efficiency of plants is increased (exhaustion of fertility of soil is delayed).
5. Nutritional value of food is increased e.g. Vitamin A enriched rice.
6. GMs are also being used to develop the tailormade plants to supply alternative resources to industries in the form of starches, fuels and pharmaceuticals.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Minerals are absorbed by the roots from the soil in the form of

Options:
A very dilute solution
B very concentrated solution
C ions
D molecules

The correct answer is:
ions

Solution:
The plant roots absorb mineral from the soil solution. In the soil, the minerals are present in two forms: bound and solution form. Those minerals existing as positively charged ions are adsorbed on clay particles because clay particles are negatively charged. Ions are absorbed from the soil by both passive and active transport. Minerals are present in the soil as charged particles [nitrate (NO3â), phosphate (HPO4â) and potassium ions (K+) that cannot move across the cell membrane, and the concentration of minerals in the soil is usually lower than the concentration of minerals in the root.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
Minerals known to be required in large amounts for plant growth include:

Options:
A Phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, calcium
B Calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper
C Potassium, phosphorus, selenium, boron
D Magnesium, sulphur, iron, zinc

The correct answer is:
Phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, calcium

Solution:
Major/macroelements/macronutrients/mega nutrients are required in large amounts which include: - C, H, O, N, P, K, Ca, S, Mg, and Fe.
While minor/micronutrients/trace elements are required in very small amounts, these include: - Cu, Zn, Mn, B, Mo, and Cl.
Therefore correct option is (A) which includes only major nutrients/mega elements.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Minerals required for germination of pollen gain on stigma are

Options:
A Ca, B
B N, P
C Mg, S
D Fe, Ca

The correct answer is:
Ca, B

Solution:
Pollen germination and pollen tube growth are regulated by transferring inorganic Ca2+ and boron across the plasma membrane. For in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth, boron is one of the essential factors. Boron greatly affects the frequency of pollen germination and the morphology of the pollen tube.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Minimata disease is pollution related disease. It results from

Options:
A

Oil spills in sea

B

DDT pollution

C

Release of industrial waste containing mercury to water

D

Accumulation of arsenic

The correct answer is:

Release of industrial waste containing mercury to water

Solution:
Mercury compounds in wastewater are converted by bacterial action into the extremely toxic compound, methyl mercury. Biomagnification of mercury into fishes through the food chain is responsible for a large number of deaths due to Minamata diseases. It is characterized by numbness of limbs, lips, and tongue; deafness; blurred vision; mental retardation, etc.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET