datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which of the following would help in the prevention of diuresis?

Options:
A Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone
B Atrial natriuretic factor causes vasoconstriction
C Decrease in secretion of renin by JG cells
D More water reabsorption due to undersecretion of ADH

The correct answer is:
Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone

Solution:
The JGA secretes an enzyme rennin in response to a variety of stimuli such as the decreased flow of fluid and NaCl to macula densa, decreased stretch of JG cells, and increased frequency of nerve impulses in the renal sympathetic nerves. The rennin, after being released into the blood acts on a plasma protein called angiotensinogen secreted by the liver and converting enzyme converts it into angiotensin-II. This is an active hormone having the following functions.
a. It is a vasoconstrictor, that constricts the efferent arterioles to increase the glomerular blood pressure which in turn increases GFR.
b. It stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone. Aldosterone increases reabsorption of Na+ through the kidney tubules followed by osmotic reabsorption of water. Hence, the blood volume increases along with the increase in glomerular blood pressure and GFR.
c. It stimulates the thirst center in the hypothalamus including increased intake of water. This also increases the volume of blood followed by an increase in glomerular blood pressure and GFR.
d. It stimulates neurohypophysis to release ADH which in turn increases reabsorption of water through kidney tubules causing an increase in the volume of blood.

The atrial natriuretic peptide/factor is secreted by the cells of the atria of the heart. The secretion of ANP is induced by increased stretching of atrial chambers by the increased volume of blood. It enhances the excretion of sodium and water by the kidneys. ANP inhibits the release of ADH, aldosterone, and rennin. This is known as a feedback inhibition mechanism.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 1)
Which of the following would necessarily decrease the density of a population in a given habitat?

Options:
A Natality > mortality
B Immigration > emigration
C Mortality and emigration
D Natality and immigration

The correct answer is:
Mortality and emigration

Solution:
Mortality and emigration would necessarily decrease the density of a population in a given habitat.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Which of the following would necessarily decrease the density of a population in a given habitat?

Options:
A Natality > mortality
B Immigration > emigration
C Mortality and emigration
D Natality and immigration

The correct answer is:
Mortality and emigration

Solution:
The mortality rate is the measure of number of deaths in a particular population for a particular time period. It is denoted by letter D.
The rate of emigration is the number of people leaving/exiting an area of population at a particular time interval.
Natality rate also called birth rate for a population. It is a measure of number of births occurring in a population in a particular time period. It is denoted by letter B
The rate of immigration, which is the number of people entering an area of population at a particular time interval.
If mortality and emigration are in higher number than natality and immigration, the population density with decrease.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Which of the following would show pentaradial symmetry and have a calcareous endoskeleton made up of ossicles?

Options:
A Mollusca
B Annelida
C Arthropoda
D Echinodermata

The correct answer is:
Echinodermata

Solution:
Echinoderms have an endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles and, hence, the name Echinodermata (Spiny bodied). All are marine organisms with organ system level of organisation. The adult echinoderms are radially symmetrical (pentaradial), but larvae are bilaterally symmetrical. They are triploblastic and coelomate animals.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Which of the following xylem elements lack lignified cell wall?

Options:
A Vessels
B Xylem parenchyma
C Xylem fibres
D Both A and B .

The correct answer is:
Xylem parenchyma

Solution:
Composition : 4 types of elements -
1. Tracheids : Elongated cells with tapering ends. Dead cells (no protoplasm) with lignified cell walls.
2. Vessels (Tracheae) : Vessel is tubular structure made up of cells (vessel members) joined together end to end. Dead cells (no protoplasm) with lignified cell walls and large central cavity. Members are interconnected by their perforated end walls. These are characteristic features of angiosperms (gymnosperms lack vessels).
3. Xylem fibres: Elongated cells with tapering ends and obliterated lumen. Dead cells (no protoplasm) with lignified cell walls. These may be septate or aseptate.
4. Xylem parenchyma : Living cells with thin cell wall made up of cellulose. These store food (starch, oil), tannin, etc. Ray parenchymatous cells also perform radial conduction of water.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of the given below is a natural biodegradable polymer?

Options:
A Nylon - 2 - Nylon - 6
B Polythene
C Cellulose
D Polyvinyl chloride

The correct answer is:
Cellulose

Solution:
Cellulose is the natural fibre and biodegradable polymer while Nylon-2-Nylon-6 is synthetic biodegradable. Rest are synthetic polymer which are not biodegradable.

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET
Which of the given below is correct with respect to use of artificial sweeteners?

Options:
A Sucrose add to calorie intake and therefore many people prefer to use artificial sweeteners.
B Ortho-sulphobenzimide, also called saccharin, is the first popular artificial sweetening agent
C Saccharin is about 550 times as sweet as cane sugar.
D All the above.

The correct answer is:
All the above.

Solution:
Artificial sweeteners are used to reduce calorie intake, and saccharin (ortho-sulphobenzimide) is first artificial sweetener which is 550 time more sweeter than sucrose.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Which of the given below is not a non-electrolyte?

Options:
A Acetic acid
B Glucose
C Ethanol
D Urea

The correct answer is:
Acetic acid

Solution:
The substances whose aqueous solutions allow the passage of electric current and are chemically decomposed, are termed electrolytes. Electrolytic substances are classified as strong or weak according to how readily they dissociate into conducting ions. Acetic acid is a weak electrolyte. Glucose, ethanol and urea are non-electrolytes.

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
Which of the given below is not an ore of metal

Options:
A Zinc blende
B Bauxite
C Malachite
D Pig iron

The correct answer is:
Pig iron

Solution:
Pig iron → It is the most impure form of iron and contains highest proportion of carbon (2.5-4%) , while other three are ore of metal
Zincblende→ZnS
Bauxite→Al2O3.2H2O
Malachite→Cu(OH)2.CuCO3

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Which of the given complex species is following EAN rule?

Options:
A [Ca(EDTA)]2-
B [Cr(en)3]3+
C [CoBrCl(trien)]+
D [Ni(dmg)2]

The correct answer is:
[CoBrCl(trien)]+

Solution:
EAN = Z – Oxidation number + 2× number of ligands
[Ca(EDTA)]2- 20-2+(6×2)=30
[Cr(en)3]3+ 24-3+(2×2×3)=33
[CoBrCl(trien)]+ 27-3+2+2+(4×2)=36
[Ni(dmg)2] 28-2+(4×2)=34

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Which of the given compound does not form iodoform with alkali and iodine?

Options:
A Diethyl ketone
B Acetone
C Ethanol
D Isopropyl alcohol

The correct answer is:
Diethyl ketone

Solution:
CH3CH2-CO-CH2-CH3ââNaOH/I2âNo yellow ppt
CH 3 COCH 3 →  NaOH/ I 2   CHI 3 C 2 H 5 OH →  NaOH/ I 2   CHI 3 CH 3 CH OH CH 3 →  NaOH/ I 2   CHI 3 yellow ppt.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Which of the given compound have a permanent dipole moment?

Options:
A XeF4
B SiF4
C BF3
D SF4

The correct answer is:
SF4

Solution:
Due to distorted tetrahedral geometry SF4 has permanent dipole moment

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which of the given ion below is isoelectronic with CO?

Options:
A N2+
B CN-
C O2+
D O2-

The correct answer is:
CN-

Solution:
Isoelectronic species have equal number of electrons. CO and CN- are isoelectronic as both contains 14 electrons.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
Which of the given pairs of compounds resembles with CO2 in their structure?

Options:
A HgCl2,C2H2
B HgCl2,SnCl4
C C2H2,N2O
D SnCl4 and NO2

The correct answer is:
HgCl2,C2H2

Solution:
CO2 is linear, compounds having linear structure are
O=C=O,Cl-Hg-Cl,HC≡CH

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which of the given polymres is a natural polymer

Options:
A Polyester
B Glyptal
C Starch
D Nylon-2-Nylon-6

The correct answer is:
Starch

Solution:
Starch is a natural polymer and other are synthetic.

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET
Which of the given property shows progressive increase with the rise in atomic number across a period in the periodic table?

Options:
A Size of the atom
B Electronegativity
C Ionization potential
D Electron affinity

The correct answer is:
Electronegativity

Solution:
Both electronegativity and electron affinity increases. This is because decrease in the size and increase in the nuclear charge. But electronegativity increases continuously.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
Which of the given radiations is having high penetrating power and not affected by electrical and magnetic field?

Options:
A Alpha rays
B Beta rays
C Gamma rays
D Neutrons

The correct answer is:
Gamma rays

Solution:
γ Gamma-rays is form of energy from radioactive decay, have maximum penetrating power.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
Which of the given reaction cannot be used to prepare aromatic nitriles (ArCN)?

Options:
A ArCONH2+SOCl2
B ArN2++CuCN
C ArCONH2+P2O5
D ArX+KCN

The correct answer is:
ArX+KCN

Solution:
Halogen have -I and +M effect by which its electron delocalized in benzene ring by resonance & due to its -I effect its bonded with benzene ring and cannot be substitute by CN- & show the inertness against nucleophilic substitution with KCN while other option gives Aromatic nitrile
ArN2++CuCN→ArCN+N2+Cu+
ArCONH2→P2O5ArCN
ArCONH2+SOCl2→ArCN+SO2+2HCl

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Which of the given species cannot be used in Friedel Craft’s reactions?

Options:
A AlCl3
B FeCl3
C FeBr2
D NaCl

The correct answer is:
NaCl

Solution:
All cations are expected to act as Lewis acid since they are electron deficient in nature. However, cation such as Na+,K+ etc. (Inert gas configuration) have a very little tendency to accept electrons. Therefore, they do not acts as lewis acids in friedel craft’s reaction.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Which of the given statement is incorrect?

Options:
A He is used in production of powerful super conducting magnets
B He is used for carrying out experiments at low temperature as a cryogenic agent
C He is used as an inert shield for arc welding
D He is used in filling the gas balloons instead of H2 gas, because He is lighter than H2 and it is non
inflammable

The correct answer is:
He is used in filling the gas balloons instead of H2 gas, because He is lighter than H2 and it is non
inflammable

Solution:
He is used to fill gas balloons as it is lighter and non-inflammable, But H2 is lighter than helium.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Which of the given statements is correct in the context of visualizing DNA molecules separated by agarose gel electrophoresis?

Options:
A DNA can be seen in visible light
B DNA can be seen without staining in visible light
C Ethidium bromide-stained DNA can be seen in visible light
D Ethidium bromide-stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light

The correct answer is:
Ethidium bromide-stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light

Solution:
The separated DNA fragments can be visualised only after staining the DNA with a compound known as ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiation.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Which of the given statements is NOT CORRECT regarding colour blindness?

Options:
A It is more common in males than in females.
B Homozygous recessive condition is required for the expression of colour blindness in females.
C Males can be carriers of the trait.
D Colour blind women always have a colourblind father and always produce a colour blind son.

The correct answer is:
Males can be carriers of the trait.

Solution:
X-linked disorders are inherent disorders due to mutation in the X-chromosome which causes the phenotype to be always expressed in male and in female only in homozygous condition.
Colour blindness is a X-linked recessive disorder. In colour blindness, the affected individual is not able to distinguish colour especially red and green.
The son will always be colour blind if he has a colour blind mother.
Since the affected chromosome is X chromosome and not Y, the only female can be carriers in heterozygous condition.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which of the halogen oxides is used as a bleaching agent for paper pulp and textiles?

Options:
A Cl2O
B Br2O
C BrO2
D ClO2

The correct answer is:
ClO2

Solution:
ClO2 is used as a bleaching agent for paper pulp and textiles.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Which of the manganese oxides is the most acidic from the given options?

Options:
A Mn2O3
B MnO
C MnO2
D Mn2O7

The correct answer is:
Mn2O7

Solution:
Here Mn2O7 is most acidic oxide here.
Mn 2 O 7  >  Mn 2 O 3  >  MnO 2 > MnO
Acidity ∝ oxidation state

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Which of the mentioned oxoacids of sulphur is not unstable and can be isolated?

Options:
A H2S2O5
B H2S2O7
C H2SO5
D H2SO4

The correct answer is:
H2SO4

Solution:
Among the mentioned oxoacids of sulphur, H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) is not unstable and can be isolated. It is a well-known and widely used acid in various industries.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Which of the metabolites is common to respiration mediated breakdown of fats, carbohydrates and proteins?

Options:
A Glucose-6-phosphate
B Fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate
C Pyruvic acid
D Acetyl Co-A

The correct answer is:
Acetyl Co-A

Solution:
Acetyl Co-A is common to respiration mediated breakdown of fats, carbohydrates and proteins. Glucose and fructose are phosphorylated to give rise to glucose6-phosphate by the activity of the enzyme hexakinase.
Glucose-6-phosphate then converts into fructose 6 phosphate and further to fructose 1-6-bisphosphate. Pyruvic acid is the end product of glycolysis.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
Which of the orbits of hydrogen atom should have the values of their radii in ratio of 1 : 4?

Options:
A K and L
B L and N
C M and N
D A and B are correct

The correct answer is:
A and B are correct

Solution:
Ratio of radii of orbits K and L
r1r2=n12n22=1222=1:4
Ratio of radii of orbits L and N
r 2 r 4  =  n 2 2 n 4 2  =  2 3 4 2  = 4 : 16
or 1 : 4.

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Which of the ores mentioned in Table 6.1 can be concentrated by magnetic separation method?

Options:
A Iron ore
B Bauxite
C Copper ore
D Zinc ore

The correct answer is:
Iron ore

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Iron ore

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Which of the organisms show mitotic divisions in both haploid and diploid cells?

Options:
A Animals
B Plants
C Both of these
D None of these

The correct answer is:
Plants

Solution:
In animals, mitotic cell division is only seen in the diploid somatic cells. The plants show mitotic divisions in both haploid and diploid cells and show alternation of generations.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Which of the oxides is a strong oxidizing agent?

Options:
A SiO2
B GeO2
C SnO2
D PbO2

The correct answer is:
PbO2

Solution:
Due to inertpair effect, P b 4+ <P b 2+ (Stability)
i.e., P b 4+ acts as strong oxidising agent.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Which of the phases of the cell cycle is of longest duration?

Options:
A Interphase
B Prophase
C S Phase
D Diakinesis

The correct answer is:
Interphase

Solution:
Interphase is of longest duration.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Which of the phylum contains exclusively marine, radially symmetrical, diploblastic organisms with the tissue level organisation?

Options:
A Platyhelminthes
B Ctenophora
C Arthropoda
D Annelida

The correct answer is:
Ctenophora

Solution:
Members of phylum Ctenophora commonly known as sea walnuts or comb jellies are exclusively marine, radially symmetrical, diploblastic organisms with tissue-level organization. Members of this phylum are found in the depth of the ocean and the property of bioluminescence is well marked in Ctenophora.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Which of the plant shows clear cut vegetative, reproductive, and senescent phases?

Options:
A Pea
B Mango
C Orange
D Plum

The correct answer is:
Pea

Solution:
Annual plants show clear cut differentiation between vegetative, reproductive, and senescent phase. These plants grow vegetatively for some duration than produces flowers and fruits and they gradually senescent and die. In perennial plants, such differentiation is not clear as they flower many times before they die.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Which of the products will be major product in the reaction given below?

Options:
A ‘A’ is major product of the reaction
B ‘A’ and ‘B’ are equally likely products of the given reaction
C ‘B’ is major product of the reaction
D The given reaction is unfeasible

The correct answer is:
‘B’ is major product of the reaction

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
‘B’ is major product of the reaction

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET
Which of the set of two hormones is having different sources?

Options:
A GnRH and somatostatin
B Prolactin and thyroid stimulating hormone
C Oxytocin and vasopressin
D Calcitonin and parathormone

The correct answer is:
Calcitonin and parathormone

Solution:
Source of -
A. GnRH and somatostatin is hypothalamus.
B. Prolactin and thyroid stimulating hormone - Anterior pituitary.
C. Oxytocin and vasopressin - Synthesized in hypothalamus and secreted by posterior pituitary.
D. Calcitonin from thyroid gland and parathormone from parathyroid gland.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the sponge is given as a gift in Japan?

Options:
A Hyalonema
B Euplectella
C Euspongia
D Leucosolenia

The correct answer is:
Euplectella

Solution:
Euplectella belongs to phylum Porifera. These organisms show the presence of pores all over the body. The water canal system is the characteristic feature of these organisms. These show specialized cells known as chaonocytes i.e. collar cells. Example: Spongilla, Leucosolenia, Euplectella etc. Euplectella is known as Venus flower basket and is given as a gift in Japan during weddings.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Which of the statement about breeding is wrong?

Options:
A By inbreeding purelines cannot be evolved
B Continued inbreeding, especially close inbreeding increases fertility and productivity
C Cross-breeding allows desirable qualities of two different breeds to be combined
D Inbreeding exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection

The correct answer is:
Continued inbreeding, especially close inbreeding increases fertility and productivity

Solution:
Continued inbreeding, especially close inbreeding reduces fertility and productivity. This is called inbreeding depression.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Which of the statement given below is incorrect?

Options:
A Cl2O7 is an anhydride of perchloric acid
B O3 molecule is bent.
C ONF is isoelectronic with O2N-
D OF2 is an oxide of fluorine.

The correct answer is:
OF2 is an oxide of fluorine.

Solution:
iii. No. of electron in ONF = 24
No. of electron in NO2-=24
Both are isoelectronic.
iv. OF2 is a fluoride of oxygen not oxide of fluorine because EN of fluorine is more than oxygen.
OF2=Oxygen difluoride
i. Cl2O7 is an anhydride of perchloric acid.
2HClO4→Δ, -H2O Cl2O7
ii. O3 molecules is bent
shape.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
Which of the statement is not applicable to mutations?

Options:
A These are discontinuous variations
B Usually recessive
C Usually harmful
D Predictable

The correct answer is:
Predictable

Solution:
A mutation is a change in a DNA sequence. Mutations can result from DNA copying mistakes made during cell division, exposure to ionizing radiation, exposure to chemicals called mutagens, or infection by viruses. Germline mutations occur in the eggs and sperm and can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations occur in body cells and are not passed on. Mutation cannot be predicted as it depends on several factors.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which of the statement is true regarding Km?

Options:
A It is the measure of the stability of the ES complex
B It is the measure of the stability of the affinity of an enzyme for its substrate
C A high Km indicates weak substrate binding
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
Michaelis and Menten (1913) introduced a constant Km (Michaelis constant). It is a mathematical derivative or constant which indicates the substrate concentration at which the chemical reaction catalyzed by an enzyme attains half its maximum velocity (Vmax). Km indicates the affinity of the enzyme for its substrate.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the statement is/are correct?

A Catalytic converters have expensive metals like platinum, palladium and rhodium as a catalyst.

B Air act was amended in the year 1987 to include noise as a pollutant.

C A scrubber can remove gases like sulphur dioxide from polluted air.

D ESP can remove 99% particulate matter from the exhaust of vehicles.

Options:
A A, B and C
B B, C and D
C C and D
D A, B, C and D

The correct answer is:
A, B, C and D

Solution:
Catalytic converters are fitted with heavy metals like platinum, pallidium and rhodium which converts unburnt hydrocarbons into CO2 and H2O. Air prevention and control of air pollution act was passed in 1981 and amended in 1987 to include noise as a pollutant.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Which of the statements are CORRECT about joint diastole?

a. Bicuspid and tricuspid valves are open
b. Bicuspid and tricuspid valves are closed
c. Semilunar valves are open
d. Semilunar valves are closed

Options:
A a and c
B b and d
C a and d
D b and c

The correct answer is:
a and d

Solution:
The cardiac cycle begins with joint diastole. This means auricles and ventricles are in a relaxed position. This causes auriculoventricular valves (tricuspid and bicuspid valves) to open. Since ventricles are in relaxed position there is no pressure on semilunar valves and hence are closed. Thus blood from pulmonary veins and vena cava flows into left and right auricles and thus enters the ventricles. No blood flows out of the ventricles.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET