datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which of these statements is correct?

Options:
A Herbivores are more adversely affected by competition than carnivores.
B Carnivores are more adversely affected by competition than herbivores.
C Both herbivores and carnivores are equally affected by competition.
D Both herbivores and carnivores are not affected by competition.

The correct answer is:
Herbivores are more adversely affected by competition than carnivores.

Solution:
Plant compete with the environment and with others for mineral resources. Any deficiency of any nutrient or mineral in the environment affects plants first. When plants decrease, the food available to herbivores decreases, and they get affected. However, the effect of deficiency will come later in carnivores when all plants and herbivores die.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Which of these statements is correct about Eudorina?

Options:
A It is a green alga and is isogamous
B It is a green alga and is anisogamous
C It is a brown alga and is isogamous
D It is a brown alga and is anisogamous

The correct answer is:
It is a green alga and is anisogamous

Solution:
Eudorina is a green alga belonging to Class Chlorophyceae. Their sexual reproduction involves two dissimilar sized gametes; hence, they are anisogamous.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Which of these statements is correct about the five kingdoms given by Whittaker?

Options:
A Most of the kingdoms have organisms with a poorly defined nucleus.
B Most of the kingdoms have organisms with a cell wall.
C Most of the kingdoms have organisms with only one cell.
D Most of the kingdoms have organisms with RNA as the genetic material.

The correct answer is:
Most of the kingdoms have organisms with a cell wall.

Solution:
Kingdoms Protista, Plantae, Fungi and Animalia have a well-defined nucleus. Only Kingdom Monera has a poorly defined nucleus. Kingdoms Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia are multicellular. All members of Kingdoms Monera, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia have DNA as the genetic material. Kingdoms Monera, Plantae, Fungi have a well defined cell wall.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Which of these statements is correct regarding genes present on the same chromosome?

Options:
A Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome show very few recombinations
B Tightly linked genes on the same chromosomes show higher recombinations
C Genes far apart on the same chromosome show very few recombinations
D Genes loosely linked on the same chromosome show similar recombinations as the tightly linked ones.

The correct answer is:
Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome show very few recombinations

Solution:
Genes located on the same chromosome and have a greater tendency to be inherited together are called tightly linked genes. The distance between these genes is very less and hence there is very little chance of crossing over. Thus they show very few recombinations. Loosely linked genes have a greater distance between them and hence there is a greater chance of crossing over. Thus they show many recombinations.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which of these statements is correct?

Options:
A Plastocyanin donates electrons to chl a-700 in cyclic photophosphorylation but not in non-cyclic photophosphorylation
B Plastocyanin donates electrons to chl a-700in non-cyclic photophosphorylation but not in cyclic photophosphorylation
C Plastocyanin donates electrons to chl a- 700 in both cyclic photophosphorylation as well as non-cyclic photophosphorylation
D Plastocyanin doesn't donate electrons to chl a- 700 in either cyclic photophosphorylation or non-cyclic photophosphorylation

The correct answer is:
Plastocyanin donates electrons to chl a- 700 in both cyclic photophosphorylation as well as non-cyclic photophosphorylation

Solution:
In cyclic photophosphorylation, plastocyanin donates electrons to chlorophyll a-700. These electrons are released by chl a-700 itself. In non- cyclic photophosphorylation too, plastocyanin donates electrons to chlorophyll a-700, but these electrons are released by chl a-680.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
Which of these statements is false?

Options:
A All prokaryotes classified under kingdom Monera have a cell wall.
B All viroids have single-stranded RNA as the genetic material.
C All prions don't have nucleic acid as their genetic material.
D Unicellular plants have been place in kingdom Protista by Whittaker.

The correct answer is:
All prokaryotes classified under kingdom Monera have a cell wall.

Solution:
The Mycoplasma are organisms that completely lack a cell wall. They are the smallest living cells known and can survive without oxygen. Many mycoplasma are pathogenic in animals and plants. Viroids are smaller than viruses and cause potato spindle tuber disease. It was found to be a free RNA; it lacked the protein coat that is found in viruses, hence the name viroid. The RNA of the viroid was of low molecular weight. In modern medicine certain infectious neurological diseases were found to be transmitted by an agent consisting of abnormally folded protein. The agent was similar in size to viruses. These agents were called prions. The most notable diseases caused by prions are bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) commonly called mad cow disease in cattle. Unicellular plants or algae like Euglena and diatoms are classified under kingdom Protista by Whittaker. They were not included in the plant kingdom due to its members being multicellular entirely, while Monerans are prokaryotic in nature.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Which of these statements is incorrect about Platyheminthes?

Options:
A Some members like Planaria possess high regeneration capacity.
B They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and acoelomate animals with organ level of organisation.
C Their sexes are separate, fertilisation is internal and development is through many larval stages.
D They have specialised cells called flame cells which help in osmoregulation and excretion

The correct answer is:
Their sexes are separate, fertilisation is internal and development is through many larval stages.

Solution:
Platyhelminthes of flat worms have dorso-ventrally flattened body hence they will appear rectangular in cross section. These are mostly endoparasites found in animals including human beings. Flatworms are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and acoelomate animals with organ level of organisation. Hooks and suckers are present in the parasitic forms. Some of them absorb nutrients from the host directly through their body surface. Specialised cells called flame cells help in osmoregulation and excretion. Sexes are not separate. Fertilisation is internal and development is through many larval stages

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Which of these statements is incorrect?

Options:
A Glycolysis operates as long as it is supplies with NAD that can pick up hydrogen atoms
B Glycolysis occurs in cytosol
C Enzymes of TCA cycle are present in mitochondrial matrix
D Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in outer mitochondrial membrane

The correct answer is:
Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in outer mitochondrial membrane

Solution:
Oxidative phosphorylation is the metabolic pathway in which cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients, thereby releasing energy which is used to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In most eukaryotes, this takes place inside the mitochondria, in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In aerobic organisms, oxidative phosphorylation is the major source of ATP.

NAD are required as hydrogen carriers during glycolysis and is heavily dependent on their availability. It takes place primarily in the cytoplasm of the cells.
The mitochondrial matrix also consists of enzymes which are required in Krebs' cycle.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET, NEET 2018
Which of these statements is not true about cockroaches?

Options:
A Cockroaches have an endoskeleton made of chitin which spans the whole body
B The body of the cockroach can be divided into three parts- head, thorax and abdomen
C Head is made of six fused segments
D The mouth consists of chitinous mouth parts.

The correct answer is:
Cockroaches have an endoskeleton made of chitin which spans the whole body

Solution:
Cockroaches are included in the class Insecta under the phylum Arthropoda. Cockroaches are invertebrates which lack endoskeleton. Rather, they have an exoskeleton made out of chitin covering the entire body. They have a segmented body divided into 3 sections: head, thorax and abdomen. Head is made up of six fused segments showing mobility at its neck. The mouth section of cockroach has 4 parts: labrum, labium, pair of mandibles and maxillae.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Which of these statements is not true?

Options:
A Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between two homologous chromosomes.
B The enzyme which is involved during crossing over is called recombinase.
C Recombination between homologous chromosomes is completed by the end of diakinesis.
D Synaptonemal complex is formed during zygotene.

The correct answer is:
Recombination between homologous chromosomes is completed by the end of diakinesis.

Solution:
The first two stages of prophase I are relatively short-lived compared to the next stage that is pachytene. During this stage bivalent chromosomes now clearly appears as tetrads. This stage is characterised by the appearance of recombination nodules, the sites at which crossing over occurs between non-sister chromatids of the homologous chromosomes. Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between two homologous chromosomes. Crossing over is also an enzyme-mediated process and the enzyme involved is called recombinase. Crossing over leads to recombination of genetic material on the two chromosomes. Recombination between homologous chromosomes is completed by the end of pachytene, leaving the chromosomes linked at the sites of crossing over.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Which of these statements is true about Chara?

Options:
A Oogonium and antheridium are present on different plants.
B Oogonium is placed in the upper part and antheridium in the lower part
C Oogonium is placed in the lower part and anthredium in upper part
D Chara belongs to angiosperm

The correct answer is:
Oogonium is placed in the upper part and antheridium in the lower part

Solution:
Chara is a multicellular green alga that reproduces sexually and is oogamous. The male sex organ which is called antheridium is a spherical yellow structure. Oogonium is the female sex organ that is an oval-shaped green structure. Oogonium is present at the upper portion and antheridium is present at a lower portion.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Which of these statements is true?

Options:
A Eutrophication is always the result of anthropogenic action.
B A water body severely polluted with organic matter will have a low biological oxygen demand
C In the town of Arcata, California biologists developed a series of ten connected marshes over sixty hectares of marshland
D Recycling is the only solution for the treatment of electronic waste

The correct answer is:
Recycling is the only solution for the treatment of electronic waste

Solution:
Eutrophication or aging can occur naturally. It is accelerated by anthropogenic action (human activities). Higher the organic matter in water, the higher is the biological oxygen demand. In Arcata, a series of 6 connected marshes over 60 hectares were developed.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Which of these statements of comparison regarding DNA and RNA holds true?

Options:
A DNA chemically is less reactive and structurally less stable when compared to RNA.
B DNA chemically is more reactive and structurally less stable when compared to RNA.
C DNA chemically is less reactive and structurally more stable when compared to RNA.
D DNA chemically is more reactive and structurally more stable when compared to RNA.

The correct answer is:
DNA chemically is less reactive and structurally more stable when compared to RNA.

Solution:
In every nucleotide of RNA, there is a presence of free OH group on the 2nd carbon atom. This is a reactive group that makes RNA easily destructible. There is no free OH group on the 2nd carbon atom of DNA nucleotides. Addionally, the presence of thymine instead of uracil makes the DNA more stable. Thus, DNA is more stable but less reactive as compared to RNA.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which of these statements regarding modified roots and stem is incorrect?

Options:
A In Asparagus, adventitious root is modified for food storage
B Prop roots are for mechanical support
C Underground stems of potato, ginger, turmeric, zaminkand and colocasia are modified for photosynthesis
D Onion is an example of modified shoot

The correct answer is:
Underground stems of potato, ginger, turmeric, zaminkand and colocasia are modified for photosynthesis

Solution:
Asparagus has fasciculated roots that arise in a bunch from a lower node of the stem and become fleshy for the storage of food. It is a type of modified adventitious root. Underground stems of potato (tuber), ginger and turmeric (rhizome), zaminkand and colocasia (corm) are used for food storage and vegetative propagation. Onion is a modified underground stem called the bulb. This stem is reduced and has a disc-like structure and surrounds with numerous fleshly scaly leaves.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of these structures has two sets of chromosomes in flowering plants?

Options:
A Microspore
B Microsporangium
C Endosperm
D Megaspore

The correct answer is:
Microsporangium

Solution:
Microsporangia is a structure located in anther which further develops into a pollen sac. It is a diploid structure. Pollen mother cells are diploid cells that undergo meiosis to form four microspores, hence microspores are haploid cells. Similarly, Megaspore mother cell is a diploid cell which undergoes meiotic division to form four haploid megaspore. Microspore is a male gamete that fuses with two polar nuclei present in the central cell in embryo sac resulting in the formation of the triploid endosperm. Hence, Microsporangium is a diploid structure.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of these structures is not found in both a monocot root and a dicot stem?

Options:
A pith
B polyarch xylem
C parenchymatous pericycle
D multi layered parenchymatous cortex

The correct answer is:
parenchymatous pericycle

Solution:
In monocot root, there is a central zone of parenchymatous cells within the vascular cylinder. It is called the pith. Pith is also seen in the dicot stem. In both monocot root and dicot stem, there are more than six xylem bundles and hence it is polyarch. Between the epidermis and endodermis is are multiple layers of parenchymatous cells of the cortex in both monocot root and dicot stem. Pericycle or the outer layer of the vascular cylinder is parenchymatous in monocot stem while it is sclerenchymatous in dicot stem.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of these structures is seen in lily?

Options:
A Epipetalous stamens
B Epiphyllous stamens
C Polycarpellary apocarpous gynoecium
D Pulvinus

The correct answer is:
Epiphyllous stamens

Solution:
Lily belongs to the family Liliaceae and represents the monocotyledonous plants. The stamens of a flower may be united with the petals or among themselves. When the stamens are found attached to the petals, they are known as epipetalous and when they are found attached to the perianth, they are known as epiphyllous. In the flowers of Lily, there are 6 stamens (3+3) which are attached to the perianth.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of these symptoms is associated with the hyposecretion of thyroid hormones?

Options:
A Decreased pulse rate
B Hypertension
C Diarrhoea
D Weight loss with a normal or increased food intake

The correct answer is:
Decreased pulse rate

Solution:
Under secretion of the thyroid hormone by the thyroid causes hypothyroidism. It can be due to inadequate function of the thyroid or release of the TSH. It also occurs due to deficiency of iodine.
Poor ability to tolerate cold, slow heart rate, constipation, a feeling of tiredness, depression, and weight gain are some of the symptoms due to hypothyroidism.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of these types of pollen tetrads are commonly found in dicots?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
After microsporogenesis, four pollen grains are formed from one microspore mother cell. They are arranged in the form of a tetrad. More commonly in dicots, the meiotic division produces a tetrahedral tetrad in which microspores are arranged in a tetrahedral form. In monocots, there is a successive type of meiotic division producing isobilateral tetrad in which the pollen grains are arranged laterally to each other.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of these vaccines is not given against viral diseases?

Options:
A DPT- Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus vaccine
B MMR- Mumps, Measles and Rubella vaccine
C Oral Polio vaccine
D Hepatitis B vaccine

The correct answer is:
DPT- Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus vaccine

Solution:
Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacteriumdiphtheriae, Pertussis is caused by Bordetella pertussis and Tetanusis caused by Clostridium tetani. All of them are bacterial diseases. Mumps, Measles, Rubella, Polio and Hepatitis B are caused by viruses.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Which of these varieties of wheat is biofortified?

Options:
A Kalyan sona
B Sonalika
C Atlas 66
D Himgiri

The correct answer is:
Atlas 66

Solution:
Biofortification is the process of breeding the crops with higher levels of vitamins and minerals, or higher proteins and healthier fats. Biofortification improves the quality of the crops as well as their protein, vitamin and oil content. In wheat, Atlas 66 has a high protein content, and has been used as a donor for improving cultivated wheat. Kalyansona and Sonalika are high yielding semi-dwarf varieties of wheat. Himgiri is a wheat variety, resistant to plant diseases leaf and stripe rust and hill bunt. It is obtained by hybridization

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Which of these was not conceived by Hugo de Vries to explain evolution?

Options:
A Mutations are large and discontinuous changes
B Mutations are random and directionless
C Mutations are heritable and establish new species
D A single step large mutation to produce a species can never occur

The correct answer is:
A single step large mutation to produce a species can never occur

Solution:
Hugo de Vries based on his work on evening primrose brought forth the idea of mutations - large difference arising suddenly in a population. He believed that it is a mutation which causes evolution and not the minor variations (heritable) that Darwin talked about. Mutations are random and directionless while Darwinian variations are small and directional. Hugo de Vries believed saltation (single-step large mutation) caused formation of species.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Which of thèse will produce the highest yield in Friedel Crafts reaction?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Aniline reacts with Lewis acid (AlCl3) to form anilinium complex.
As in the toluene − CH 3 group is ring activating so toluene is most reactive among these for electrophilic substitution reaction. Chlorobenzene and benzamide do not give product in good yield for this reaction as -Cl and -CONH2 are deactivating groups.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Which one acts as refrigerant?

Options:
A CF2Cl2
B CF4
C CFCl3
D CF3Cl

The correct answer is:
CF2Cl2

Solution:
CF2Cl2 (Freon-12) can be used as a refrigerant.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Which one among the following is the correct option for right relationship between Cp and Cv for one mole of ideal gas?

Options:
A Cp+CV=R
B Cp-Cv=R
C Cp=RCV
D Cv=RCp

The correct answer is:
Cp-Cv=R

Solution:
For one mole of ideal gas

ΔH=ΔU+Δ(PV)

=ΔU+Δ(RT)

=ΔU+RΔT

ΔH=CpΔT,ΔU=CVΔT

CpΔT=CVΔT+RΔT

Cp=CV+R

Cp-CV=R

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET, NEET 2021
Which one amongst the following is a powerful vasoconstrictor?

Options:
A Renin
B Angiotensin
C Aldosterone
D All of these

The correct answer is:
Angiotensin

Solution:
When the blood pressure decreases, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases. This triggers the JG Apparatus to release Renin which converts angiotensin to angiotensin I and angiotensin II. Angiotensin is a potent vasoconstrictor and thus increases the blood pressure so that GFR increases. This also triggers aldosterone hormone to cause water and electrolyte balance. This is known as RAAS (Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone system).

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which one engulfs pathogens rapidly?

Options:
A Acidophils
B Erythrocytes
C Basophils
D Neutrophils

The correct answer is:
Neutrophils

Solution:
Neutrophils engulf pathogens rapidly in our bodies. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cells, they protect our body from pathogens.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Which one feature is common to leech, cockroach and scorpion?

Options:
A Nephridia
B Cephalization
C Ventral nerve chord
D Antennae

The correct answer is:
Ventral nerve chord

Solution:
Nephridia is the chief excretory organ of Annelida and is present in leech and absent in Arthropoda. The antennae are present in the cockroach and absent in leech and scorpion. The formation of a prominent head is called cephalization and is absent in leech and present in cockroach and scorpion. The presence of the ventral nerve cord is characteristically seen in all invertebrates. The Annelida and Arthropoda are invertebrates and hence all three pose the ventral nerve cord with the anterior region connecting cerebral ganglia and the posterior region connecting to the last abdominal ganglion.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Which one from those given below is the period for Mendel's hybridization experiments?

Options:
A 1856 - 1863
B 1840 - 1850
C 1857 - 1869
D 1870 - 1877

The correct answer is:
1856 - 1863

Solution:
Mendel worked on Pisum sativum (garden pea or edible pea) for 7 years (1856-1863) and proposed the law of inheritance in living organisms. He published his result in the year 1865.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2017
Which one given below is a non-reducing sugar?

Options:
A Maltose
B Lactose
C Glucose
D Sucrose

The correct answer is:
Sucrose

Solution:
(c) Sucrose is non-reducing sugar because reducing part of glucose −CHO and fructose ( >C=O ) are involved in glycosidic linkage.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
Which one gives the most valid and recent explanation for stomatal movements?

Options:
A Transpiration.
B Potassium influx and efflux.
C Starch hydrolysis.
D Guard cell photosynthesis.

The correct answer is:
Potassium influx and efflux.

Solution:
The most recent & valid explanation of stomatal movements is given by potassium influx & efflux/potassium ion pump theory which is also as the modern theory. The theory was given by Levitt in 1974. This theory states that the accumulation K+ ions leads to opening of stomata during the day while the reverse situation prevails during dark when the stomata are closed.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Which one has a co-ordinate bond?

Options:
A Al2Cl6
B BCl 3
C NaCl
D O2

The correct answer is:
Al2Cl6

Solution:
Al2Cl6 is formed as a result of dimerisation of AlCl3 by coordinate bonds. Rest all do not have coordinate bond.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which one is a biodegradable polymer not falling in polyamide class –

Options:
A Albumin
B Nylon -2- nylon 6
C PHBV
D Silk

The correct answer is:
PHBV

Solution:
Poly ( β- hyrorybutyrate -β- hydroxyvalerate) is biodegradable and non polyamtextde polymer.

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET