datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which of the following is CORRECTLY matched?

Options:
A Agrobacterium tumefaciens - tumor
B Thermus aquaticus - Bt-gene
C pBR 322 - enzyme
D Ligase - molecular scissor

The correct answer is:
Agrobacterium tumefaciens - tumor

Solution:
The Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen which carries the tumor-inducing plasmid. The pBR322 is an artificial plasmid and a cloning vector of the bacterium E. coli. The bacterium Thermus aquaticus is a kind of bacteria that can tolerate extremes of temperature and therefore falls in the category of thermophilic bacteria. Ligase is a DNA binding that connects the two strands of DNA by forming a phosphodiester bond.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Which of the following is correctly matched?

Options:
A Aerenchyma - Opuntia
B Age pyramid - Biome
C Parthenium hysterophorus - Threat to Biodiversity
D Stratification - Population

The correct answer is:
Parthenium hysterophorus - Threat to Biodiversity

Solution:
Parthenium hysterophorus is an exotic or alien species of weed which causes the extinction of native (or) indigenous species. Commonly known as carrot grass, it is capable of causing major environmental damage due to its ability to grow quickly, even under conditions of minimum nutrition and weather.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
Which of the following is correctly matched?

Options:
A Acidic oxides $\Rightarrow \mathrm{Mn}_2 \mathrm{O}_7, \mathrm{SO}_2, \mathrm{TeO}_3$
B Amphoteric oxides $\Rightarrow \mathrm{BeO}, \mathrm{Ga}_2 \mathrm{O}_3, \mathrm{GeO}$
C Basic oxides $\Rightarrow \ln _2 \mathrm{O}_3, \mathrm{~K}_2 \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{SnO}_2$
D Neutral oxides $\Rightarrow \mathrm{CO}, \mathrm{NO}_2, \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{O}$

The correct answer is:
Acidic oxides $\Rightarrow \mathrm{Mn}_2 \mathrm{O}_7, \mathrm{SO}_2, \mathrm{TeO}_3$

Solution:
- $\mathrm{Mn}_2 \mathrm{O}_7, \mathrm{SO}_2$ and $\mathrm{TeO}_3$ are acidic oxides.
- $\quad \mathrm{GeO}$ is distinctly acidic in nature.
- $\quad \mathrm{NO}_2$ is acidic in nature.

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
Which of the following is correctly matched for the product produced by them?

Options:
A Acetobacter aceti : Antibiotics
B Methanobacterium : Lactic acid
C Penicillium notatum : Acetic acid
D Saccharomyces cerevisiae : Ethanol

The correct answer is:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae : Ethanol

Solution:
Among the given options, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is commonly called Brewer's yeast. It performs fermentation of carbohydrates producing ethanol. Penicillium notatum is used to ferment penicillin antibiotics. Acetobacter aceti forms acetic acid. Methanobacterium are methanogenic bacteria which are used in biogas production.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET, NEET 2017
Which of the following is correctly matched with the given property?

Options:
A MgSO4<CaSO4<SrSO4Solubility in water<BaSO4
B BeCO3>MgCO3>Thermal stabilityCaCO3>SrCO3>BaCO3
C NaOCl>NaOBr>Oxidising natureNaOl
D F2>Cl2>Br2Bond energy>l2

The correct answer is:
NaOCl>NaOBr>Oxidising natureNaOl

Solution:
Solubility order: - MgSO4>CaSO4>SrSO4>BaSO4
Thermal stability: - BaCO3>SrCO3>CaCO3>MgCO3>BeCO3
Correct order is NaOCl>NaOBr>NaOI= Oxidising nature
EN of Helogen ↑ the tendency to gain of electron ↑ Oxidising nature ↑
Bond energy Cl2>Br2>F2>I2

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Which of the following is correctly matched?

Options:
A pBR322 - Enzyme
B Ligase - Molecular glue
C Agrobacterium - Production of Insulin
D EcoRI - Plasmid vector

The correct answer is:
Ligase - Molecular glue

Solution:
Joining of vector molecules and DNA of interest is the final step in the construction of a recombinant DNA molecule. The process is called ligation and the enzyme that catalyzes this reaction is called DNA ligase. As it helps in joining of the desired DNA segment to the cloning vector, it is also called molecular glue.

pBR322 is a synthetic plasmid created in 1977 in the laboratory of Herbert Boyer at the University of California.

Insulin is produced by recombinant E. coli cells which are genetically modified to produce Insulin.

EcoRI is a restriction endonuclease enzyme isolated from the bacterial species of E. coli.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Which of the following is correctly paired?

Options:
A Basophils - Are not involved in inflammatory or allergic reactions
B Eosinophils - Stained by methylene blue
C Monocytes - Largest leucocytes
D Neutrophils - Kidney shaped nucleus

The correct answer is:
Monocytes - Largest leucocytes

Solution:
Monocytes are the largest of all leucocytes. They play major roles in the immune system of our body such as phagocytosis of invading cells, production of cytokines, etc.
Basophils are leucocytes which play a major role in inflammatory or allergic reactions. They are responsible for the production of inflammatory mediators like histamine, which bring about the inflammatory or allergic reaction.
Eosinophils are stained by acidic dyes like eosin.
Neutrophils are also known as polymorphs because they have a multi-lobed nucleus.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Which of the following is correctly related to aerobic respiration?

Options:
A Oxygen acts as the first electron acceptor.
B Cytochrome c located towards inner side (matrix) of inner mitochondrial membrane.
C Oxidation of 1 molecule of NADH gives rise to 2 molecules of ATP.
D The role of oxygen is limited to the terminal stage of the process.

The correct answer is:
The role of oxygen is limited to the terminal stage of the process.

Solution:
1 NADH is equivalent to 3 ATP. Oxygen is the terminal electron or proton acceptor in ETC. Cytochrome c is located towards IMS i.e. on the outer side of inner membrane of the mitochondria.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Which of the following is correctly states as it happens in the common cockroach?

Options:
A Oxygen is transported by haemoglobin in blood
B Nitrogenous excretory product is urea
C The food is ground by mandibles and gizzard
D Malpighian tubules are excretory organs projecting out from the colon

The correct answer is:
The food is ground by mandibles and gizzard

Solution:
In cockroach, mandibles are a pair of hard, strong, large, dark coloured traingular, structures which move in horizontal motion and crush food between them. Gizzard or proventriculus has an outer layer of thick circular muscles and thick inner cuticle forming six highly chitinous plate called teeth. The gizzard acts as the grinding chamber and helps in grinding the food particles.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Which of the following is definitely true, if for a reaction activation energies of forward and backward reactions are equal?

Options:
A ΔH=0
B ΔG=0
C There is no catalyst
D The order is zero

The correct answer is:
ΔH=0

Solution:
We know that

∆H=Eaforward-Eabackward

If the activation energies of both forward and backward reactions are the same, then ∆H=0.

We can't comment anything about ∆G, catalyst or order of reaction till we have any other supporting data.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
Which of the following is dependent on temperature?

Options:
A Molality
B Molarity
C Mole fraction
D Weight percentage

The correct answer is:
Molarity

Solution:
Molarity includes volume of solution which can change with change in temperature. But number of moles and mass of substance does not change with change in temperature.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET, NEET 2017
Which of the following is dependent on temperature?

Options:
A Molarity
B Mole fraction
C Weight percentage
D Molality

The correct answer is:
Molarity

Solution:
Molarity∝1Temperature
Molality, Mole fraction, Weight percentage do not depand upon tempertature.

Topic: Chemistry, Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, NEET
Which of the following is developed through mutational breeding?

Options:
A Resistance to white rust in Brassica.
B Resistance to the yellow mosaic virus in bhindi.
C Resistance to powdery mildew in Abelmoschus.
D Resistance to leaf curl in chilli.

The correct answer is:
Resistance to the yellow mosaic virus in bhindi.

Solution:
Resistance to the yellow mosaic virus in bhindi was achieved by mutation breeding. Mutation breeding is a process where mutations are induced. It is induced usually through the use of chemicals or radiations and using such plants as a source of breeding. Other transformations were achieved through hybridization and selection.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Which of the following is different from others in the absence of a muscular coat?

Options:
A Arteries
B Veins
C Capillaries
D Arterioles

The correct answer is:
Capillaries

Solution:
Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in the body. Capillary has no muscular wall. Its, wall is made of a single layer of flat endothelial cells and is consequently very permeable-to water and small- solutes, but not to proteins and other macromolecules. The diameter of lumen of capillaries is from 7.5 µm to 75 µm. Only about 5 to 7% of the total volume of blood is contained in the capillaries.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Which of the following is dimensionless?

Options:
A v2rg
B v2gr
C vgr
D v2rg

The correct answer is:
v2rg

Solution:
We know that
u 2 − u 2 =2gr u 2 2gr −1= u 2 2gr
So by principle of homogeneity
u2rg is dimensionless

Topic: Physics, Units and Dimensions, NEET
Which of the following is dioecious?

Options:
A Maize
B Cycas
C Pinus
D Both (A) and (B)

The correct answer is:
Cycas

Solution:
"Dioecious" and "monoecious" are terms that refer to the reproductive structure developed in a single organism. They are adjectives used in horticultural descriptions. Dioecious describes a plant group that includes distinct male and female plants. Monoecious describes a single plant that bears both male and female reproductive structures.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Which of the following is distributed at regular intervals on the tropomyosin?

Options:
A Troponin
B Calcium
C Actin
D Myosin

The correct answer is:
Troponin

Solution:
Structure of Contractile Proteins:
A. Actin - Each actin (thin) filament consists of 2 'F' (filamentous) actins that are helically wound to each other. Each 'F' actin is a polymer of monomeric G' (Globular) actins.
B. Tropomyosin - Two filaments of tropomyosin also run close to the 'F' actins throughout its length.
C. Troponin - It is distributed at regular intervals on the tropomyosin. In a relaxed state, troponin masks the active binding sites on actin filaments (to prevent the binding of myosin).
D. Myosin - Each myosin (thick) filament is a polymerized protein with Meromyosin as monomeric proteins.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Which of the following is electron deficient?

Options:
A $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right\}_2$
B $\left(\mathrm{SiH}_3\right)_2$
C $\left\langle\mathrm{BH}_3\right\rangle$
D $\mathrm{PH}_3$

The correct answer is:
$\left\langle\mathrm{BH}_3\right\rangle$

Solution:
Boron is an element of 13 group and contains three electrons in its valence shell. When its compound $\mathrm{BH}_3$ dimerises, each boron atom carry only $6 e^{-}$, that is their octet is incomplete. Hence, $\left(\mathrm{BH}_3\right)_2$ is an electron deficient compound.
In all other given molecules octet of central atom is complete.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
Which of the following is eliminated in dehydrohalogenation to form alkenes?

Options:
A Alkyl group
B Hydroxide group
C Halogen acid
D Oxygen atom

The correct answer is:
Halogen acid

Solution:
In dehydrohalogenation, a molecule of halogen acid is eliminated to form alkenes.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Which of the following is epsom salt?

Options:
A 2 CaSO 4 · H 2 O
B MgSO 4 · 7 H 2 O
C MgSO 4 &CenterDot; 2 H 2 O
D BaSO 4 &CenterDot; 2 H 2 O

The correct answer is:
MgSO 4 · 7 H 2 O

Solution:
Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate MgSO 4 &CenterDot; 7 H 2 O is known as epsom salt.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Which of the following is essential for muscle contraction?

Options:
A Na+
B K+
C Ca+2
D Cl-

The correct answer is:
Ca+2

Solution:
The movement of Ca2+ out in the sarcoplasmic reticulum controls the making and breaking of actin and myosin complex actomyosin due to which muscle contraction and relaxation take place.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Which of the following is example of Phycomycetes?

Options:
A Neurospora
B Albugo
C Ustilago
D Alternaria

The correct answer is:
Albugo

Solution:
Some common examples of Phycomycetes are Mucor , Rhizopus (the bread mould) and Albugo (the parasitic fungi on mustard).

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Which of the following is expected to be the least basic among the given compounds?

Options:
A Aniline
B Anilinium ion
C p-nitroaniline
D p-methoxyaniline

The correct answer is:
p-nitroaniline

Solution:
p-nitroaniline has a nitro group (-NO2), which is an electron-withdrawing group and decreases basicity.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Which of the following is explained by Henry's law?

Options:
A The painful condition known as bends.
B The process of photosynthesis.
C The behavior of gases at high pressure.
D The formation of chemical bonds in liquids.

The correct answer is:
The painful condition known as bends.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
The painful condition known as bends.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Which of the following is false about villi?

Options:
A They are small finger-like foldings in the small intestine.
B They are supplied with a rich network of blood capillaries.
C They are supplied with large lymph capillaries called lacteals.
D They have numerous microvilli which give the appearance of ciliated epithelium.

The correct answer is:
They have numerous microvilli which give the appearance of ciliated epithelium.

Solution:
The innermost layer lining the lumen of the alimentary canal is the mucosa. This layer forms irregular folds (rugae) in the stomach and small finger-like foldings called villi in the small intestine. The cells lining the villi produce numerous microscopic projections called microvilli giving a brush border appearance. These modifications increase the surface area enormously. Villi are supplied with a network of capillaries and a large lymph vessel called the lacteal.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
Which of the following is formed as a byproduct when alcohols react with carboxylic acids to form esters?

Options:
A Carbon dioxide
B Hydrogen gas
C Water
D Acid chloride

The correct answer is:
Water

Solution:
Water is formed as a byproduct when alcohols react with carboxylic acids to form esters.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which of the following is formed by heating phosphoric acid?

Options:
A H4P2O7
B H4P2O5
C H3PO3
D H4P2O6

The correct answer is:
H4P2O7

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
H4P2O7

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Which of the following is found in highest percentage in dry biomass?

Options:
A Water
B Carbon
C Hydrogen
D Nitrogen

The correct answer is:
Carbon

Solution:
Dry weight of the organism is the weight after water is removed. Carbon constitutes 49% of dry weight in organisms. Thus it contributes maximally to dry weight of the organism

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following is found in succus entericus?

Options:
A Enterokinase and nucleosidase
B Trypsinogen and lactase
C Nucleosidase and amylopsin
D Carboxypeptidase and amylase

The correct answer is:
Enterokinase and nucleosidase

Solution:
Succus entericus is known as the intestinal juice. It is secreted in the duodenum by crypts of Liberkuhn.It is an alkaline secretion. It counteracts the acidity of proteolytic enzyme from stomach and thus intestine is prevented from acidic damage.It contains various enzymes like enterokinase, nucleotidases, nucleosidases, lipases, sucrase, etc.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
Which of the following is free living aerobic, non-photosynthetic nitrogen fixing bacterium?

Options:
A Nostoc
B Rhodospirillum
C Rhizobium
D Azotobacter

The correct answer is:
Azotobacter

Solution:
Azotobacter is free living aerobic non photosynthetic bacteria which carries out nitrogen fixation. Nostoc is cyanobacteria which can carry out nitrogen fixation in both free living and in symbiotic state. Rhizobium forms symbiotic assoacitaion with root nodules of leguminous plants. Rhodospirullum carries out nitrogen fixation in anaerobic condition.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Which of the following is Gause's 'Competitive Exclusion Principle'?

Options:
A Two closely related species competing for the same resources can co-exist indefinitely.
B Two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely and the competitively superior one will be eliminated eventually.
C Two different species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely
D Two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely and the competitively inferior one will be eliminated eventually.

The correct answer is:
Two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely and the competitively inferior one will be eliminated eventually.

Solution:
Ecologist Gause's stated in his 'Competitive Exclusion Principle' that two closely related species cannot co- exist indefinitely if they are competing for the same resources and this would result into elimination of inferior one. But this statement is true only when there are limited resources and not otherwise. Gause and other ecologist have also demonstrated in a laboratory that in a condition of limited resources; superior species eliminates the other species.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Which of the following is generally present in dicot stem but absent in monocot stem?

(i) Endodermis (ii) Pericycle (iii) Medullary ray (iv) Phloem parenchyma (v) Pith (vi) Epidermis

Options:
A All except (iii) and (iv)
B All except (iv)
C All except (i) and (iii)
D All except (vi)

The correct answer is:
All except (vi)

Solution:
In dicot stem, ground tissue is well-differentiated and consists of endodermis, pericycle, medullary rays and the central part as pith. In monocot, ground tissue is undifferentiated and lacks endodermis, pericycle, medullary rays and the central part as pith. Phloem parenchyma is absent in monocot stem.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of the following is generally used lor induced mutagenesis in crop plants?

Options:
A X-rays
B UV (260 nm)
C gamma rays (from cobalt 60)
D alpha particles.

The correct answer is:
gamma rays (from cobalt 60)

Solution:
Gamma rays (from cobalt 60) is generally used for induced mutation in crop plants. Gamma rays are ionizing radiation and used in inducing mutations in seeds and other planting materials such as cuttings, pollen, or tissue-cultured calli. X rays are used to induce genetic mutation. Ultraviolet (UV) light has strong genotoxic effect to induce mutations for developing high genetic variability in yields, early maturity and other characters in crops.
Related Theory
Non-ionizing radiation is longer wavelength/ lower frequency lower energy. While ionizing radiation is short wavelength/high frequency higher energy. Non-ionizing radiation includes the spectrum of ultraviolet (UV), visible light, infrared (IR), microwave $(M W)$, radio frequency $(R F)$, and extremely low frequency $(E L F)$. Examples include heat or light from the sun, microwaves from an oven, $X$ rays from an $X$-ray tube and gamma rays from radioactive elements. Ionizing Radiation has sufficient energy to produce ions in matter at the molecular level.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET, NEET 2005
Which of the following is grown to provide human food rich in proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals?

Options:
A Spirogyra
B Ulothrix
C Oscillatoria
D Chlorella

The correct answer is:
Chlorella

Solution:
Chlorella can be grown to provide human food rich in proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.

Chlorella has been researched as a potential source of food and energy because its efficiency of photosynthesis can reach 8%, this is comparable with other highly efficient crops such as sugarcane. It is high in protein and other essential nutrients. When dried, it has about 45% protein, 20% fat, 20% carbohydrates, 5% fiber, and 10% minerals and vitamins.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Which of the following is hard and has a very high melting point, is an insulator?

Options:
A Cu
B NaCl
C C(graphite)
D CCl4

The correct answer is:
NaCl

Solution:
Correct Option is : 2
NaCl

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Which of the following is hard but brittle?

Options:
A ZnS
B Fe
C SiC
D HCl

The correct answer is:
ZnS

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
ZnS

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Which of the following is hormone-releasing IUD?

Options:
A LNG-20
B Multiload-375
C Lippes loop
D Cu7

The correct answer is:
LNG-20

Solution:
LNG-20 (Levonorgestrel) is a hormone-releasing IUD. The hormonal IUD is a small T-shaped piece of plastic, which contains levonorgestrel, a type of progestin. The cylinder of the device is coated with a membrane that regulates the release of the drug.
Multiload 375 and Cu7 are copper releasing IUDs. Lippes loop is a double S-shape inert plastic, which is inserted in uterus to prevent pregnancy.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
Which of the following is hormone-releasing IUD?

Options:
A LNG-20
B Multiload-375
C Lippes loop
D Cu7

The correct answer is:
LNG-20

Solution:
LNG-20 (Levonorgestrel) is a hormone-releasing IUD. The hormonal IUD is a small T-shaped piece of plastic, which contains levonorgestrel, a type of progestin. The cylinder of the device is coated with a membrane that regulates the release of the drug.
Multiload 375 and Cu7 are copper releasing IUDs. Lippes loop is a double S-shape inert plastic, which is inserted in uterus to prevent pregnancy.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following is important for speciation?

Options:
A Seasonal isolation
B Reproductive isolation
C Behavioural isolation
D Tropical isolation

The correct answer is:
Reproductive isolation

Solution:
Speciation provides a framework for classifying biodiversity on Earth and is a central concept in evolutionary biology. Speciation refers to the origin of new species. It occurs by mutation, isolation and selection. For speciation to occur, two new populations must be formed from one original population, and they must evolve in such a way that it becomes impossible for individuals from the two new populations to interbreed.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET, NEET 2002
Which of the following is in increasing order of Dipole moments?

Options:
A CH3F3Cl3Br3I
B CH3I3Br3Cl3F
C CH3Cl3F3Br3I
D CH3Br3I3F3Cl

The correct answer is:
CH3Br3I3F3Cl

Solution:
Correct Option is : 4
CH3Br3I3F3Cl

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET