datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
In guava, cucumber, and ray florets of sunflower, the ovary is

Options:
A superior
B inferior
C half inferior
D half superior

The correct answer is:
inferior

Solution:
The flowers may be categorized as hypogynous, perigynous, and epigynous depending on the position of calyx, corolla, and androecium with respect to the ovary on the thalamus. When the ovaries are attached above the floral parts or when the gynoecium is at the highest position in a flower, it is known as superior ovary, eg: mustard and brinjal. When the ovary lies below the floral parts and the flower rises above the ovary it is known as inferior ovary, eg: in flowers of guava, cucumber, and ray florets of sunflower. When the gynoecium is in the centre and the floral parts are located on the rim of the thalamus such flowers are known as perigynous flowers and the ovary said to be half inferior or half superior ovary, eg: plum, peach, rose.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
In guava plant

Options:
A leaves show opposite phyllotaxy while flowers are epigynous
B leaves show opposite phyllotaxy while flowers are hypogynous
C leaves show alternate phyllotaxy while flowers are epigynous
D leaves show alternate phyllotaxy while flowers are hypogynous

The correct answer is:
leaves show opposite phyllotaxy while flowers are epigynous

Solution:
In guava, there are two leaves present at a node. Thus, it shows the opposite phyllotaxy. In guava, all the whorls of a flower are attached above the gynoecium. Thus, it has epigynous flowers.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
In gymnosperms like Pinus and Cycas, the endosperm is

Options:
A Triploid
B Haploid
C Diploid
D Tetraploid

The correct answer is:
Haploid

Solution:
In gymnosperms like cycas/pinus, endosperms of female gametophyte are haploid and are formed before fertilisation. In angiosperms, the endosperm is triploid and develops after fertilisation.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
In gymnosperms, the pollen chamber represents:

Options:
A a cavity in the ovule in which pollen grains are stored after pollination
B an opening in the megagametophyte through which the pollen tube approaches the egg
C the microsporangium in which pollen grains develop
D a cell in the pollen grain in which the sperms are formed.

The correct answer is:
a cavity in the ovule in which pollen grains are stored after pollination

Solution:
In gymnosperms, pollen chamber represents the microsporangium in which pollen grains develop. The microspore is generally a globular sac like structure having large number of microspores. The microspores are also termed as pollen grains.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2007
In gymnosperms, the pollination is

Options:
A Micropylar and anemophilous
B Micropylar-entomophilous
C Stigmatic-anemophilous
D Stigmatic-anemophilous

The correct answer is:
Micropylar and anemophilous

Solution:
In gymnosperms, pollination occurs by wind, i.e., anemophilous. During pollination, pollen grains land on the female cones near the micropylar region. The pollen grains are transferred directly to the ovule, as the ovules are exposed directly to the surface.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
In H2O, what type of bonding is responsible for the strong hydrogen bonding mentioned in the paragraph?

Options:
A Ionic bonding
B Metallic bonding
C Covalent bonding
D Hydrogen bonding

The correct answer is:
Hydrogen bonding

Solution:
The paragraph describes the presence of strong hydrogen bonding in H2O.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
In H2S2O7, the oxidation number of Sulfur is:

Options:
A -1
B +2
C +6
D +7

The correct answer is:
+7

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
+7

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
In H4P2O7, the oxidation number of Phosphorus is:

Options:
A +1
B +3
C +4
D +5

The correct answer is:
+4

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
+4

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
In Haber process 3 litres of dihydrgen and 30 litres of dinitrogen were taken for reaction which yielded only $50 \%$ of the expected product. What will be the composition of gaseous mixture under the above said condition in the end?

Options:
A 20 litres ammonia, 20 litres nitrogen, 20 litres hydrogen
B 10 litres ammonia, 25 litres nitrogen, 15 litres hydrogen
C 20 litres ammonia, 10 litres nitrogen, 30 litres hydrogen
D 20 litres ammonia, 25 litres nitrogen, 15 litres hydrogen

The correct answer is:
10 litres ammonia, 25 litres nitrogen, 15 litres hydrogen

Solution:
$\mathrm{N}_2+3 \mathrm{H}_2 \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{NH}_3$ $1 \mathrm{~mol} \quad 3 \mathrm{~mol} 2 \mathrm{~mol}$ 2 vol $3 \mathrm{~mol} 2 \mathrm{vol}$
$(\operatorname{mol} \%=\operatorname{vol} \%)$
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \begin{array}{l}
10 \mathrm{vol} \quad 30 \mathrm{vol} \quad 20 \mathrm{vol} \\
\text { (expected = product) }
\end{array} \\
& (30-x)(30-x) 2 x \\
& \text { Given that } 2 x=20 \times \frac{50}{100}=10 \\
& \therefore \quad x=5
\end{aligned}
$$
Composition of gaseous mixture
$$
\begin{aligned}
\mathrm{N}_2 & =(30-x)=25 \text { litre } \\
\mathrm{H}_2 & =(30-3 x)=15 \text { litre } \\
\mathrm{NH}_3 & =2 x=10 \text { litre }
\end{aligned}
$$

Topic: Chemistry, Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2003
In Haber’s process, why is it necessary to remove CO when ammonia is obtained?

Options:
A CO is a harmful byproduct.
B CO is a strong reducing agent that interferes with the reaction.
C CO poisons the catalyst used in the process.
D CO lowers the temperature required for the reaction.

The correct answer is:
CO poisons the catalyst used in the process.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
CO poisons the catalyst used in the process.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
In Hardy-Weinberg equation, the frequency of heterozygous individual is represented by:

Options:
A p2
B 2pq
C pq
D q2

The correct answer is:
2pq

Solution:
Hardy-Weinberg principle says that the sum total of all the allelic frequencies of a gene is 1 and the possible frequencies of above mentioned genotypes, i.e., AA, aa and Aa are p2, q2 and 2pq, respectively. So mathematically this statement can be written as
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1, where
p2 = Homozygous dominant individuals
2pq = Heterozygous individuals
q2 = Homozygous recessive individuals

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
In Hatch and Slack pathway, the primary $\mathrm{CO}_2$ acceptor is

Options:
A oxaloacetic acid
B phosphoglyceric acid
C phosphoenol pyruvate
D RuBisCO

The correct answer is:
phosphoenol pyruvate

Solution:
In Hatch and Slack pathway, the primary $\mathrm{CO}_2$ acceptor is phosphoenol pyruvate. This occurs in $\mathrm{C}_4$-plants. Phosphoenol pyruvate, a 3 -carbon compound, accepts $\mathrm{CO}_2$ and forms oxaloacetic acid which is a 4-carbon compound.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
In healthcare, where are buffer solutions commonly used?

Options:
A In radiology procedures
B In orthopedic surgeries
C In clinical chemistry tests
D In dental cleanings

The correct answer is:
In clinical chemistry tests

Solution:
The paragraph indicates that buffer solutions are commonly used in clinical chemistry tests in healthcare.

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
In heterozygous condition, the individual expression of both the alleles in the phenotype is exemplified by

Options:
A Colour blindness
B AB blood group
C Rh factor
D A and B blood group

The correct answer is:
AB blood group

Solution:
Blood group-AB has antigen A and B on RBCs but no antibodies in plasma. The alleles A and B are codominant and hence exemplify, in heterozygous condition, the individual expression of both the alleles in the phenotype.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
In higher vertebrates, the immune system can distinguish self and non-self cells. If this property is lost due to genetic abnormality and it attacks self cells, then it leads to:

Options:
A Allergic response
B Graft rejection
C Autoimmune disease
D Active immunity

The correct answer is:
Autoimmune disease

Solution:
If self and non-self recognition powers are lost, the immune cells can attack our own body cells and cause autoimmune diseases.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
In higher vertebrates, the immune system can distinguish self and non-self cells. If this property is lost due to genetic abnormality and it attacks self cells, then it leads to:

Options:
A Allergic response
B Graft rejection
C Autoimmune disease
D Active immunity

The correct answer is:
Autoimmune disease

Solution:
If self and non-self recognition powers are lost, the immune cells can attack our own body cells and cause autoimmune diseases.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
In his classic experiments on pea plants, Mendel did not use:

Options:
A Pod length
B Seed shape
C Flower position
D Seed colour

The correct answer is:
Pod length

Solution:
Mendel had studied 7 pairs of contrasting characters in pea plants in his experiments which are stem height, seed colour, seed shape, pod colour, pod shape, flower position & flower colour.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
In honey bees, the drones are produced from

Options:
A Unfertilized eggs
B Fertilized eggs
C Larvae fed by royal jelly
D Fasting larvae

The correct answer is:
Unfertilized eggs

Solution:
The queen lays two types of eggs, fertilized and unfertilized eggs. From unfertilized eggs, male bees emerge which are known as drones, while the fertilized eggs produces females.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
In how many of the following molecules, all atoms are in same plane?

ClF3	H2O	PCl3	BF3

SF4	H2S	OCl2	SO3

XeF6	NH3	C6H6	XeF2

XeF4	PCl5	I2Cl6	PH3

Options:
A 12
B 0
C 10
D 11

The correct answer is:
10

Solution:
Planar molecules
ClF3,XeF4,H2O, H2S, OCl2, C6H6, I2Cl6, BF3, SO3,XeF2
ClF3â Central atom Cl has 2.lp+3Bp=sp3d hybridised it is T-shape (planar)
H2Oâ Central atom O- has 2lp+2Bp=sp3 hybridised (angular)( planar)
PCl3â Central atom P- has 1lp+3pâsp3 hybridised pyramidal (non planar)
BF3âsp2 hybridised â triagonal planar (planar)
SF4âCentralatomS has 1lp+4Bp,sp3d hybridised see-saw structure (non planar)
H2SâCentralatomS has 2lp+2bp angle between H-SâH is 90Â° (planar)
OCl2âCentralatomO- has 2lp+2bp ; angular shape (planar)
SO3âsp2 hybridised, triangonal (planar)
XeF6â6Bp-sp3d2 hybridised/ square bipyramidal (non-planar)
NH3â1lp+3Bpâsp3 hybridised ( pyramidal (non-planar)
C6H6â in benzene all C- atoms are sp2 and planar molecule.(planar)
XeF2â3lp+2Bp;-sp3d hybridised ,linear shape(planar).
XeF4â1lp+4Bpâsp3d hybridised structure see-saw (non-planar)
PCl5â5Bpâsp3d hybridised TBP (non-planar)
I2Cl6â
dimer (planar)
PH3â1lp+3Bpâsp3 hybridised/ pyramidal (non-planar)

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
In H₂SO₅ (peroxymonosulfuric acid), the oxidation number of sulfur is:

Options:
A +2
B +4
C +6
D +8

The correct answer is:
+6

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
+6

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
In H₂S₄O₆, the oxidation number of Sulfur is:

Options:
A +2
B +4
C +6
D +8

The correct answer is:
+6

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
+6

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
In human adult females oxytocin

Options:
A Is secreted by anterior pituitary
B Stimulates growth of mammary glands
C Stimulates pituitary to secrete vasopressin
D Causes strong uterine contractions during parturition

The correct answer is:
Causes strong uterine contractions during parturition

Solution:
Oxytocin is also known as pitocin. It is an important hormone which is released in neurohypophysis of pituitary. It stimulates the contraction of smooth muscles. It stimulates labour pain. It is a hormone for quick birth.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
In human adult females, oxytocín

Options:
A is secreted by anterior pituitary
B stimulates growth of mammary glands
C stimulates pituitary to secrete vasopressin
D causes strong uterine contractions during parturition

The correct answer is:
causes strong uterine contractions during parturition

Solution:
Oxytocin hormone is secreted from the posterior lobe of pituitary gland. It promotes contraction of uterine muscle and myoepithelial cells of lactating breast, sequeezing milk into the large ducts behind the nipple. Because of its role oxytocin is called birth hormone.
The anterior lobe of pituitary gland secretes somatotropic hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone and gonadotropic hormones.
The prolactin hormone or luteotropic hormone is secreted from anterior lobe of pituitary gland. It activates the growth of breasts during pregnancy and secretion of mammary glands after child birth. The progesterone hormone secreted from corpus luteum stimulates further development of mammary glands.
Vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone is secreted from posterior lobe. It increases the reabsorption of water in distal convoluted tubule, collecting tubules and collecting ducts of nephrons of kidney.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
In human beings, at the end of 12 weeks (first trimester) of pregnancy, the following is observed:

Options:
A Eyelids and eyelashes are formed
B Most of the major organ systems are formed
C The head is covered with fine hair
D Movement of the foetus

The correct answer is:
Most of the major organ systems are formed

Solution:
1. In human beings, after one month of pregnancy, the embryo’s heart is formed. The first sign of a growing foetus may be noticed by listening to the heart sound carefully through the stethoscope, placed on the abdomen of the mother.
2. By the end of the second month of pregnancy, the foetus develops limbs and digits.
3. By the end of 12 weeks {first trimester}, most of the major organ systems are formed, and the limbs and external genital organs are well-developed.
4. The first movement of the foetus and the appearance of hair on the head is usually observed during the 5th month.
5. By the end of 24 weeks (second trimester), the body is covered with fine hair, eyelids separate, and eyelashes are formed.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
In human beings monophyodont teeth are

Options:
A 6 premolars + 6 molars
B 12 premolars + 4 molars
C 4 premolars + 8 molars
D 8 premolars + 4 molars

The correct answer is:
8 premolars + 4 molars

Solution:
Human dentition consists of two sets of teeth: primary or deciduous or milk teeth that are 20 in number and permanent teeth that are 32 in total. These teeth are incisors, canines and molars. Since these teeth have two life cycles these are known as diphyodont teeth. However permanent dentition also shows presence of premolars and third molars that are not seen in the primary dentition. Hence these teeth are said to have only one life cycle and are known as monophyodont teeth. These are three per quadrant (two premolars and one-third molar). Hence a total number of monophyodont teeth is 3×4=12.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
In human beings, monosomy of sex chromosomes causes:

Options:
A Down's syndrome
B Kinefelter's syndrome
C Turner's syndrome
D Edward's syndrome

The correct answer is:
Turner's syndrome

Solution:
Turner syndrome encompassess several chromosomal abnormalities, of which monosomy X is the most common. It occurs in 1 out of every 2500 female births. Instead of the normal XX sex chromosomes for a female, only one X chrmosome is present and fully functional. This is called 45, X or 45,X0, although other genetic variants occur. In Turner syndrome, female sexual characteristics are present but generally underdeveloped.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
In human beings, the color of skin is controlled by

Options:
A Multiple alleles
B Lethal genes
C Polygenic effect
D None of these

The correct answer is:
Polygenic effect

Solution:
Polygenic inheritance occurs when one character is controlled by two or more genes. Often the genes are large in quantity but small in effect. Examples of human polygenic inheritance are skin colour, height, eye colour and weight.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
In human beings, the colour of skin is controlled by

Options:
A Multiple alleles
B Lethal genes
C Polygenic effect
D None of these

The correct answer is:
Polygenic effect

Solution:
In humans, skin colour is determined by three pairs of genes present at a different gene locus, thus it is polygenic inheritance. Each dominant allele contributes equally to the expression of the character and the net phenotype is due to the contribution of each dominant allele.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
In human beings the erythrocyte membrane have approximately _______% protein and ___________% lipids.

Options:
A 50, 50
B 52, 48
C 52, 40
D none of these

The correct answer is:
52, 40

Solution:
In humans beings, the memrane of the erythrocyte has approximately 52% protein and 40% lipids.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
In human beings, the hollow ball of cells called a, about b days after fertilisation, burrows into the lining of uterus event called implantation. Blanks a, b respectively are

Options:
A Morula, six
B Blastula, seven
C Blastocyst, seven
D Gastrula, seven

The correct answer is:
Blastocyst, seven

Solution:
After the formation of the zygote, it enters the uterus in 3-5 days. n the uterus, the cells continue to divide, becoming a hollow ball of cells called a blastocyst. The blastocyst implants in the wall of the uterus about 7 days after fertilization.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
In human beings, the membrane of the erythrocyte has approximately

(i)

protein and

(ii)

lipids.

Options:
A (i) 40%; (ii) 52%
B (i) 34%; (ii) 58%
C (i) 52%; (ii) 40%
D (i) 58%; (ii) 34%

The correct answer is:
(i) 52%; (ii) 40%

Solution:
The ratio of protein and lipids varies considerably in different cell types. In humans, the membrane of erythrocytes has approximately 52% protein and 40% lipids.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
In human body, the role of bile salts in digestion is to

Options:
A act as co-enzymes during the digestion of carbohydrates.
B emulsify fats and facilitate their absorption.
C aid in the break-up of proteins into amino acids and their absorption.
D stimulate the pancreas to release its enzymes.

The correct answer is:
emulsify fats and facilitate their absorption.

Solution:
Bile secreted by the liver is an alkaline, yellowish-green, juice that has no enzyme. It is formed of water, sodium bicarbonates, bile pigments (bilirubin and biliverdin), and two bile salts (sodium glycocholates and sodium taurocholate). Fats are finally emulsified in small intestine by action of bile salts.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
In human body, which one of the following is anatomically correct?

Options:
A collar bones 3 pairs
B salivary glands 1 pair
C cranial nerves 10 pairs
D floating ribs 2 pairs

The correct answer is:
floating ribs 2 pairs

Solution:
Floating ribs-2 pairs $\left(11^{\text {th }}\right.$ and $12^{\text {th }}$ pairs; called so because they are not attached to sternum)
Clavicle/Collar bones-1 pairs
Salivary glands-3 pairs (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual)
Cranial nerves-12 pairs
Caution
Mnemonics for cranial nerves: Some Say Money Matter But My Brother Say Big Brains Matter More (where S-Sensory, M-Motor, B-both)

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET, NEET 2007
In human breast, which of the following finally opens at the surface of the nipples?

Options:
A Mammary tubules
B Mammary duct
C Mammary ampulla
D Lactiferous duct

The correct answer is:
Lactiferous duct

Solution:
Mammary lobes are found in the glandular tissue of each breast. Each mammary lobe is divided into numerous alveoli. Alveoli is a group of cells having a lumen within. Alveolar cells secrete milk in the lumen of alveoli where it is temporarily stored. Alveoli open in mammary tubules which join to form a mammary duct. Many mammary ducts join and open in a dilated area known as mammary ampulla. Mammary ampulla narrows and continues as a lactiferous duct which opens at the surface of the nipples in the areolar part.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
In human female, the fertilized eggs gets implanted in uterus

Options:
A After two months of fertilization
B After one month of fertilization
C After 3 weeks of fertilization
D After about 7 days of fertilization

The correct answer is:
After about 7 days of fertilization

Solution:
Implantation is the attachment of blastocyst to the uterine wall. It occurs after 7 days of fertilization.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
In human foetus, the heart begins to beat at development age of

Options:
A 4th - 5th week
B 1st - 2nd week
C 6th - 7th week
D 8th - 9th week

The correct answer is:
4th - 5th week

Solution:
In human beings, after one month of pregnancy, the embryo’s heart is formed. The first sign of growing foetus may be noticed by listening to the heart sound carefully through the stethoscope.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
In human males urethra has

Options:
A transitional epithelium
B pseudostratified non-ciliated columnar epithelium
C non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium
D all of these

The correct answer is:
all of these

Solution:
In human males urethra is around 20 cm long. About 2.5 cm of urethra lies in the prostate (prostatic urethra), about 2.5 cm of urethra lies between prostate gland and penis (membranous urethra) and about 15 cm of urethra lies in the corpus spongiosum of penis (penile urethra or spongy urethra). The prostatic urethra is connected to urinary bladder and is internally lined by transitional epithelium or urothelium. The major part of urethra (membranous and penile) has pseudostratified non-ciliated columnar epithelium. The part of the urethra present in the glans penis has non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
In human, placental villi are derived from

Options:
A Chorion
B Allantois
C Yolk sac
D Amnion

The correct answer is:
Chorion

Solution:
Placenta is a temporary organ which is formed during pregnancy inside the uterus. It is foetomaternal in origin. The foetal part is chorionic villi and maternal part is decidua basalis. These chorionic villi are also known as placental villi and are responsible for maximum contact with the maternal blood. These receive blood from umbilical arteries.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
In human sperm, nebenkern refers to

Options:
A Post acrosomal sheath
B Mitochondrial spiral
C Proximal centriole
D Axial filament

The correct answer is:
Mitochondrial spiral

Solution:
Human sperm consists of head, neck, middle piece and tail. Head consists of nucleus and chromosomes and is covered by acrosome which contains enzymes to penetrate the ovum. The neck shows presence of proximal and distal centriole. Middle piece consists of mitochondria that are spirally arranged. These are known as Nebenkern. Tail consists of axial filament.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
In humans, blood passes from the inferior vena cava to the diastolic right atrium of heart due to

Options:
A Pushing open of the venous valves
B Stimulation by the nerve cells
C Stimulation of the sino auricular node
D The pressure difference between the inferior vena cava and atrium.

The correct answer is:
The pressure difference between the inferior vena cava and atrium.

Solution:
The action of the heart includes contractions and relaxations of the atria and ventricles. The contraction of the heart is called systole and relaxation is called diastole. The dynamics of blood flow in blood vessels are no exception and blood flows through the blood vessels along a pressure gradient, always moving from higher to lower pressure areas. The movement is also facilitated due to the development of suction pull, as a result of the pressure difference between the inferior vena cava and right atrium.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET