datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Acid rains are produced by

Options:
A excess NO2 and SO2 from burning fossil fuels
B excess production of NH3 by industry and coal gas
C excess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion
D excess formation of CO2 by combustion and animal respiration

The correct answer is:
excess NO2 and SO2 from burning fossil fuels

Solution:
Air pollution is the increase in the concentration of substances which become toxic and hazardous to the atmosphere. Industrial waste gases and burning of fossil fuels release NO2 and SO2 which gather in the atmosphere. During lightning, these gases form nitric acid and sulphuric acid and come down mixed with rain. Such rain is termed acid rain. Acid rains are known to cause harm to flora, fauna and infrastructures.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Acid-hydrolysis of benzonitrile forms

Options:
A benzylamine
B aniline
C benzoic acid
D phenol

The correct answer is:
benzoic acid

Solution:
Acid-hydrolysis of benzonitrile forms benzoic acid.
C6H5CN→H3O+C6H5CONH2→H3O+C6H5COOH+NH4+
Note: Alkaline-hydrolysis of cyanide forms benzoate and NH3 .
C6H5CN→H2O/OH-C6H5CONH2→H2O/OH-C6H5COO-+NH3

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Acidified $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7$ solution turms green when $\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{SO}_3$ is added to it. This is due to the formation of

Options:
A $\mathrm{CrO}_4^{2-}$
B $\mathrm{Cr}_2\left(\mathrm{SO}_3\right)_3$
C $\mathrm{CrSO}_4$
D $\mathrm{Cr}_2\left(\mathrm{SO}_4\right)_3$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{Cr}_2\left(\mathrm{SO}_4\right)_3$

Solution:
$$
\begin{array}{r}
\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7+3 \mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{SO}_3+4 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 \longrightarrow 3 \mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 \\
+\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4+\mathrm{Cr}_2\left(\mathrm{SO}_4\right)_3+4 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}
\end{array}
$$

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Acidified KMnO4 solution is decolourized by

Options:
A bleaching powder
B white vitriol
C Mohr's salt
D laughing gas

The correct answer is:
Mohr's salt

Solution:
Acidified KMnO4 solution is decolourized by Mohr's salt and Mohr's salt is FeSO4(NH4)2SO4.6H2O
MnO4-+8H++5e-→Mn2++4H2O
5Fe2+→5Fe3++5e-
MnO4-+8H++5Fe2+→Mn2+(Colourless)+4H2O+5Fe3+

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Acidified potassium permanganate is dropped over sodium peroxide taken in a round bottom flask as room temperature, vigorous reaction takes place to produce

Options:
A Hydrogen peroxide
B Mixture of hydrogen and oxygen
C A colourless gas hydrogen
D A colourless gas dioxygen

The correct answer is:
A colourless gas dioxygen

Solution:
Here a colourless gas O2 is formed and the reaction is as follows
2KMnO4+5Na2O2+8H2SO4→K2SO4+2MnSO4+5Na2SO4+8H2O+5O2

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Acidity of BF3 can be explained on which of the following concepts?

Options:
A Arrhenius concept
B Bronsted Lowry concept
C Lewis concept
D Bronsted Lowry as well as Lewis concept

The correct answer is:
Lewis concept

Solution:
According to Lewis concept, acid can accept pair of electrons and base can donate a pair of electron. Thus, as BF3 has six electrons in its valence shell, so accept an electrons pair and acts as Lewis acid.

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
Acidity of diprotic acids in aqueous solutions increases in the order:

Options:
A H2S<H2Se<H2Te
B H2Se<H2S<H2Te
C H2Te<H2S<H2Se
D H2Se< H2Te<H2S

The correct answer is:
H2S<H2Se<H2Te

Solution:
Acidic strength for a particular group is inversely proportional to the bond energy and directly proportional to the bond length.

H2O<H2S<H2Se<H2Te (acidic strength)

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET, NEET 2014
Acidity of diprotic acids in aqueous solutions increases in the order

Options:
A H2S<H2Se<H2Te
B H2Te<H2S<H2Se
C H2Se<H2Te<H2S
D H2Se<H2S<H2Te

The correct answer is:
H2S<H2Se<H2Te

Solution:
As on moving down the group bond length increases so liberation tendency of H+ will be more as cleavage of M-H get easier, so acidic nature decreases.
H2S<H2Se<H2Te

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Acrilan is a hard, horny and a high melting material. Which one of the following represents its structure?

Options:
A

B

C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Acrilan is an addition polymer made from the monomer named acrylonitrile (cyanoethene).

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET, NEET 2003
Acrilan is a hard, horny and a high melting material. Which one of the following represents its structure?

Options:
A -CH2-CH|CN-n
B -CH2-C-|COOCH3|CH3n
C -CH2-CH-|COOC2H5n
D -CH2-CH|Cl-n

The correct answer is:
-CH2-CH|CN-n

Solution:
Acrilan is an addition polymer of acrylonitrile.
nCH2=CH-CN→-CH2-CH|CN-n

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET
Acromegaly is caused by:

Options:
A excess of STH
B excess of thyroxin
C deficiency of thyroxin
D excess of adrenalin

The correct answer is:
excess of STH

Solution:
Acromegaly is a condition caused by an excess of growth hormone (somatotropin hormone), which stimulates the growth of essentially all tissues of the body, including bone. When it develops before the end of puberty, it's known as gigantism.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET, NEET 2002
Acromegaly is caused by

Options:
A Excess of growth hormone
B Excess of thyroxin
C Deficiency of thyroxin
D Excess of adrenalin

The correct answer is:
Excess of growth hormone

Solution:
Acromegaly is caused by over-secretion of somatotrophic hormone (STH) or growth hormone. Deficiency of thyroxin causes cretinism in infants and myxoedema in adults. Excess of adrenalin does not cause any disorder.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Acromegaly is due to hypersecretion of a hormone secreted from:

Options:
A Neurohypophysis
B Adenohypophysis
C Cells of Leydig
D Pars intermedia

The correct answer is:
Adenohypophysis

Solution:
The growth hormone somatotrophin is secreted by anterior pituitary. In adults, the over production of this hormone results in the elongation of jaws and deformities in the bones of face, hands and feet. This condition is called acromegaly.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Acrosomal reaction of the sperm occurs due to

Options:
A Its contact with zona pellucida of the ova
B Reactions within the uterine environment of the female
C Reactions within the epididymal environment of the male
D Androgens produced in the uterus

The correct answer is:
Its contact with zona pellucida of the ova

Solution:
Acrosome reaction in sperm is triggered by release of fertilizin. The secretions of the acrosome help the sperm enter into the cytoplasm of the ovum through the zona pellucida and the plasma membrane.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Acrylic acid react with HBr to give –

Options:
A Br 2 − CH 2 −CH Br −COOH
B Br-CH2-CH2-COOH
C CH2=CH-COBr
D CH 3 âCH Br âCOOH

The correct answer is:
Br-CH2-CH2-COOH

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET
Actin is present in thin filament.

Options:
A True
B False
C Maybe true
D Cannot be defined

The correct answer is:
True

Solution:
Actin is present in thin filament.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Action of soap is due to emulsification and micelle formation. Comment.

Options:
A False
B True
C Depends on Temperature
D Micelle formation don’t takes place

The correct answer is:
True

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
True

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Activated sludge should have the ability to settle quickly so that it can

Options:
A Be rapidly pumped back from sedimentation tank to aeration tank
B Absorb pathogenic bacteria present in waste water while sinking to the bottom of the settling tank
C Be discarded and anaerobically digested
D Absorb colloidal organic matter

The correct answer is:
Be rapidly pumped back from sedimentation tank to aeration tank

Solution:
Activated sludge should have the ability to settle quickly so that it can be rapidly pumped back from sedimentation tank to aeration tank.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
________ activates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone.

Options:
A Renin
B Angiotensin I
C Angiotensin II
D ANF

The correct answer is:
Angiotensin II

Solution:
When Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases, the blood pressure also decreases. This triggers the JG Apparatus to release Renin which converts angiotensin to angiotensin 1 and angiotensin II. Angiotensin is a potent vasoconstrictor and thus increases the blood pressure so that GFR increases. (Angio means blood vessels and tensin means tension). This also triggers Aldosterone hormone to cause water and electrolyte balance. This is known as RAAS (Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System).

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Activation energy for the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of sucrose is 6.22 kJ mol–1, while the activation energy is only 2.15 kJ mol–1when hydrolysis is catalyzed by the enzyme sucrase. Explain.

Options:
A Enzymes increase the temperature, reducing the activation energy required for reactions.
B Enzymes increase the concentration of reactants, lowering the activation energy barrier.
C Enzymes, the biocatalysts, reduce the magnitude of activation energy by providing an alternative path. In the hydrolysis of sucrose the enzyme sucrase reduces the activation energy from 6.22 kJ mol–1to 2.15 kJ mol–1.
D Enzymes reduce the pressure in the reaction, affecting the activation energy.

The correct answer is:
Enzymes, the biocatalysts, reduce the magnitude of activation energy by providing an alternative path. In the hydrolysis of sucrose the enzyme sucrase reduces the activation energy from 6.22 kJ mol–1to 2.15 kJ mol–1.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Enzymes, the biocatalysts, reduce the magnitude of activation energy by providing an alternative path. In the hydrolysis of sucrose the enzyme sucrase reduces the activation energy from 6.22 kJ mol–1to 2.15 kJ mol–1.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Activation of amino acid during protein synthesis along with ATP requires

Options:
A mRNA
B tRNA
C rRNA
D snRNA

The correct answer is:
tRNA

Solution:
In the process of protein synthesis, translation is the step where protein chain is formed by reading the codes on mRNA. The amino acids involved in making the protein are joined by forming peptide bond. This process of bonding requires energy. During the translation process the amino acids are activated in presence of ATP and respective tRNA to allow peptide bind formation.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Active immunity means

Options:
A resistance developed before disease
B resistance developed after disease
C increased heart beat
D increased flow of blood

The correct answer is:
resistance developed after disease

Solution:
Active immunity is formed after exposure to an antigen. It can occur when any microbe or antigen enters a person's body who has yet not come in contact with the same earlier. Thus the body did not have any antibodies earlier. This immunity helps to create antibodies for this first time exposure too but this is a very slow process. Thus active immunity is resistance developed through the formation of antibodies.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Active transport of ions by the cell requires

Options:
A High temperature
B ATP
C Alkaline pH
D Salts

The correct answer is:
ATP

Solution:
During active transport of ions, the energy is usually provided in the form of by ATP or by the concentration gradient of ions.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
Activity of succinic dehydrogenase involves the following in TCA cycle

Options:
A NAD
B FAD
C GDP
D ATP

The correct answer is:
FAD

Solution:
During sixth step succinate is oxidised into fumarate by the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase and two hydrogens are transferred to FAD to form FADH2.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
ADA is an enzyme which is deficient in a genetic disorder SCID. What is the full form of ADA?

Options:
A Adenosine deoxyaminase
B Adenosine deaminase
C Aspartate deaminase
D Arginine deaminase

The correct answer is:
Adenosine deaminase

Solution:
Full form of ADA is Adenosine deaminase.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Adaptation is an attribute of the organism (morphological, physiological and behavioral) that enables the organism to

Options:
A survive in its habitat
B to reproduce in his habitat
C survive and reproduce in its habitat
D evolve in its habitat

The correct answer is:
survive and reproduce in its habitat

Solution:
Adaptation is an attribute or feature developed by an organism that helps the organism to survive and reproduce effectively in its habitat. Adaptation can be a short term which is the only morphological or behavioral or long term which are genetically controlled.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Adaptation is any attribute of the organism (morphological, physiological and behavioural) that enables the organism to

Options:
A survive in its habitat.
B reproduce in its habitat.
C survive and reproduce in its habitat.
D evolve in its habitat.

The correct answer is:
survive and reproduce in its habitat.

Solution:
Adaptation is any attribute of the organism (morphological, physiological, and behavioural) that enables the organism to survive and reproduce in its habitat. Many adaptations have evolved over a long evolutionary time and are genetically fixed.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Adaptive radiation refers to:

Options:
A evolution of different species from a common ancestor
B migration of members of a species to different geographical areas
C power of adaptation in an individual to a variety of environments
D adaptations due to geographical isolation.

The correct answer is:
evolution of different species from a common ancestor

Solution:
Adaptive radiation refers to evolution of different species from a common ancestor. It is the evolutionary process by which many species originate from one species in an area and radiate to different species. The mammals are adapted for different mode of life i.e., they show Adaptive radiation. They can be aerial (bat), aquatic(whale and dolphins), burrowing or fossorial (rat), cursorial (horse), or arboreal (monkey). The adaptive radiation is also known as Divergent evolution.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2007
Addition of iodine in the diet is necessary for treating

Options:
A to treat hyperthyroidism.
B to treat hypothyroidism.
C to regulate the 24-hour (diurnal) rhythm of our body.
D to reduce the loss of water through urine (diuresis).

The correct answer is:
to treat hypothyroidism.

Solution:
The thyroid hormone is responsible for metabolism and metamorphosis. Iodine is an element of the thyroid hormone, the deficiency of which leads to hypothyroidism. This happens because iodine is needed for the production of the hormone thyroxine. Hypothyroidism during pregnancy causes defective development and maturation of the growing baby leading to stunted growth (cretinism), mental retardation, low intelligence quotient, abnormal skin, deaf-mutism, etc. In adult women, hypothyroidism may cause menstrual cycle to become irregular.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Addition of more solutes in a given solution will:

Options:
A lower its water potential
B make its water potential zero
C not affect the water potential at all
D raise its water potential

The correct answer is:
lower its water potential

Solution:
Water potential is the measurement of chemical potential of water. The pure water has zero water potential. This is measured with the help of solute potential, pressure potential, and matric potential.

The greater the concentration of water in a system, the greater is its water potential. If more solute is dissolved in water, the solution has less free water molecules and hence the water potential is decreased.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 1)
Addition of phosphate fertilisers to water bodies causes

Options:
A enhanced growth of algae
B increase in amount of dissolved oxygen in water
C deposition of calcium phosphate
D increase in fish population

The correct answer is:
enhanced growth of algae

Solution:
Addition of phosphate fertilizers to water bodies causes enhanced growth of algae. This decreases the oxygen for sea animals and results in water pollution.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
Addition of sodium hydroxide solution to a weak acid (HA) results in a buffer of pH 6. If ionization constant of HA is 10-5, the ratio of salt to acid concentration in the buffer solution will be:

Options:
A 10 : 1
B 4 : 5
C 5 : 4
D 1 : 10

The correct answer is:
10 : 1

Solution:
pH=pka+logâ Salt Acid
â6=5+logâ¡ SaltAcid
â1=log â¡SaltAcid
âlog10=log â¡SaltAcid
Saltacid=101

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
Adenosine diphospate contains

Options:
A One high energy bond
B Two high energy bond
C Three high energy bond
D Four high energy bond

The correct answer is:
One high energy bond

Solution:
ADP ⟶ hydrolysis AMP + Pi + 7.3kcal.

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), also known as adenosine pyrophosphate (APP), is an important organic compound in metabolism and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells. ADP consists of three important structural components: a sugar backbone attached to adenine and two phosphate groups bonded to the 5 carbon atom of ribose. The diphosphate group of ADP is attached to the 5’ carbon of the sugar backbone, whereas the adenosine attaches to the 1’ carbon

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
ADH is synthesised by ___________, released by _____________ and acts on __________.

Options:
A Hypothalamus, neurohypophysis, PCT
B Hypothalamus, neurohypophysis, DCT and collecting duct
C Hypothalamus, adenohypophysis, PCT
D Hypothalamus, adenohypophysis, loop of Henle

The correct answer is:
Hypothalamus, neurohypophysis, DCT and collecting duct

Solution:
Vasopressin, also known as arginine vasopressin (AVP), antidiuretic hormone (ADH), or argipressin, is a neurohypophysial hormone found in most mammals. Its two primary functions are to retain water in the body and to constrict blood vessels. Vasopressin regulates the body's retention of water by acting to increase water reabsorption in the collecting ducts of the kidney nephron. Vasopressin is a peptide hormone that increases water permeability of the kidney's collecting duct and distal convoluted tubule increases peripheral vascular resistance, which in turn increases arterial blood pressure. It plays a key role in homeostasis, by the regulation of water, glucose, and salts in the blood. It is derived from a preprohormone precursor that is synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored in vesicles at the posterior pituitary.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
ADH is

Options:
A the hormone produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by the adenohypophysis that promotes reabsorption of water from the glomerular filtrate.
B the hormone produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by the neurohypophysis that promotes reabsorption of water from the glomerular filtrate.
C the hormone produced and secreted by the hypothalamus that promotes reabsorption of water from the glomerular filtrate.
D the hormone produced and secreted by the neurohypophysis that promotes reabsorption of water from the glomerular filtrate.

The correct answer is:
the hormone produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by the neurohypophysis that promotes reabsorption of water from the glomerular filtrate.

Solution:
ADH: Antidiuretic hormone - vasopressin is secreted by neurohypophysis (posterior lobe) of the pituitary gland. This hormone increases the reabsorption of water from the urine and hence urine gets concentrated and ECF gets diluted. Diabetes insipidus is caused by the hyposecretion of ADH.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Adiabatic modulus of elasticity of a gas is 2.1Ã105 N m-2. What will be its isothermal modulus of elasticity? CpCv=1.4

Options:
A 1.2Ã105 N m-2
B 4Ã105 N m-2
C 1.5Ã105 N m-2
D 1.8Ã105 N m-2

The correct answer is:
1.5Ã105 N m-2

Solution:
EsET=Î³=CPCV=1.4
2.1Ã105ET=1.4
or ET=2.1Ã1051.4
=1.5Ã105 N m-2

Topic: Physics, Mechanical Properties of Solids, NEET
Adiantum belongs to the class

Options:
A Psilopsida
B Sphenopsida
C Pteropsida
D Lycopsida

The correct answer is:
Pteropsida

Solution:
The pteridophytes are classified into four classes: Psilopsida (Psilotum); Lycopsida (Selaginella, Lycopodium), Sphenopsida (Equisetum) and Pteropsida (Dryopteris, Pteris, Adiantum).

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Adrenalin directly affects:

Options:
A SA node
B $\beta$ cells of Langerhans
C dorsal root of spinal cord
D epithelial cells of stomach

The correct answer is:
SA node

Solution:
Adrenaline prepares the body for emergency reactions like fight and flight. Therefore, it directly affects the SA node to increase the rate of heart beat.
Related Theory
Adrenaline is a hormone released from the adrenal glands and together with noradrenaline, is to prepare the body for 'fight or flight'.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET, NEET 2002
Adrenaline and noradrenaline are hormones that act as

Options:
A Play an important role in the body's fight or flight response
B Causes increased blood pressure, heart rate, and blood sugar levels.
C Act as both neurotransmitters and hormones
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
Epinephrine (Adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) act as both neurotransmitters and hormones in the body. They both play an important role in the body's fight or flight response, and when they are released into the bloodstream they cause an increase in blood pressure, heart rate, and blood sugar levels.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Adsorbed hydrogen by palladium is known as

Options:
A Nascent
B Atomic
C Heavy
D Occluded

The correct answer is:
Occluded

Solution:
Hydrogen adsorbed on the surface of palladium is occluded hydrogen.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Adsorption is accompanied with

Options:
A decrease in entropy of system
B decrease in enthalpy
C the value of ΔST is negative
D all of these

The correct answer is:
all of these

Solution:
Reactant →Surface Adsorption
ΔH=-ve
Adsorption decreases randomness and thus,
ΔS=-ve
Also TΔS=-ve .

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Adsorption of a gas follows Freundlich adsorption isotherm. In the given plot, x is the mass of the gas adsorbed on mass m of the adsorbent at pressure p. xm is proportional to

Options:
A P14
B P2
C P
D P12

The correct answer is:
P12

Solution:
xm=KÃP1/n
logxm=logK+1nlogP
on compairing with y=mx+c
m=1n=24=12⇒n=2
So, xm=KÃP1/2

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Adsorption of a gas follows Freundlich adsorption isotherm. In the given plot, x is the mass of the gas adsorbed on mass m of the adsorbent at pressure p. xm is proportional to

Options:
A P14
B P2
C P
D P12

The correct answer is:
P12

Solution:
xm=K×P1/n
logxm=logK+1nlogP
on compairing with y=mx+c
m=1n=24=12⇒n=2
So, xm=K×P1/2

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Adsorption of gases on solid surface is generally exothermic because

Options:
A enthalpy is positive
B entropy decreases
C entropy increases
D free energy increases

The correct answer is:
entropy decreases

Solution:
Adsorption of a gas on a solid is generally exothermic because on adsorption entropy decreases, energy of gas is more than solids and difference in energy is given out in the form of heat

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Adsorption of gases on solid surface is generally exothermic because

Options:
A Enthalpy is positive
B Entropy decreases
C Entropy increases
D Free energy increases

The correct answer is:
Entropy decreases

Solution:
Adsorption of gases on solid surface is generally exothermic because entropy decreases, i.e. ∆S is negative.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET