datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Clones are

Options:
A only morphologically alike
B only genetically alike
C morphologically as well as genetically alike
D occassionally genetically alike

The correct answer is:
morphologically as well as genetically alike

Solution:
Reproduction is the process of producing fertile offspring which look similar to parents. The individual organisms which are the same morphologically and genetically are called clones. They are formed in the asexual reproduction process. Asexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction where offspring is produced by a single parent without the requirement of gamete formation and fertilization. The offspring formed are exactly same as parents because they inherit all the chromosomes of their parent in the same pattern without any mixing.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Cloning vector contains

Options:
A DNA
B RNA
C DNA and RNA
D DNA and Proteins

The correct answer is:
DNA

Solution:
The cloning vectors should have a) an Ori which is the origin of replication. b) a drug-resistance gene c) a legion to insert DNA. The commonly used vectors are E coli, plasmids, etc. Artificially prepared vectors are puC and pBr322 .

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Clostridium tetani produce a toxin. It affects

Options:
A jaw bones
B involuntary muscles
C voluntary muscles
D both voluntary and involuntary muscles

The correct answer is:
voluntary muscles

Solution:
The tetanus is also known as "lockjaw" disease and is induced by the infection of the bacteria Clostridium tetani. This is caused due to the secretion of the toxin that affects the nervous system that leads to painful muscle contractions, particularly of jaw and neck muscles.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Clot buster is obtained from a genetically modified bacterium belonging to the genus

Options:
A Saccharomyces
B Monascus
C Trichoderma
D Streptococcus

The correct answer is:
Streptococcus

Solution:
Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is used for commercial production of ethanol. Microbes are also used for production of enzymes. Lipases are used in detergent formulations and are helpful in removing oily stains from the laundry. You must have noticed that bottled fruit juices bought from the market are clearer as compared to those made at home. This is because the bottled juices are clarified by the use of pectinases and proteases. Streptokinase produced by the bacterium Streptococcus and modified by genetic engineering is used as a 'clot buster' for removing clots from the blood vessels of patients who have undergone myocardial infarction leading to heart attack.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Clouds and gases reflect about ____________ of the incoming solar radiation.

Options:
A one-third
B half
C one - fourth
D two- third

The correct answer is:
one - fourth

Solution:
The burning of fuels in the atmosphere adds gases that support in increasing the temperature of the earth and contributes to global warming. Clouds and gases reflect about one-fourth of the incoming solar radiation. Also, they absorb it partially but nearly 50% of incoming solar radiation falls on earth's surface heating it. Only a small proportion is reflected back. Earth's surface gives out heat as infrared radiation of which atmospheric gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane, etc.) absorb a major fraction of it

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
$\mathrm{CN}^{-}$is strong field ligand. This is due to the fact that :

Options:
A it carries negative charge
B it is a pseudohalide
C it can accept electrons from metal species
D it form high spin complexes with metal species

The correct answer is:
it is a pseudohalide

Solution:
Cyanide ion is strong field ligand because it is a pseudohalide ion. Pseudohalide ions are stronger coordinating ligand \& they have the ability to form $\sigma$ bond (from the pseudohalide to the metal) and $\pi$ bond (from the metal to pseudohalide).
Related Theory
A pseudohalide is an anion which has similar properties to a halogen, but not a real halogen. Pseudohalogens are polyatomic analogues of halogens, or also called 'fake' halogens, whose properties resemble that of true halogens.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET, NEET 2004
CNG is better fuel than petrol or diesel because CNG

Options:
A Burns efficiently
B Cannot be siphoned off and adulterated
C Non-carcinogenic and non-corrosive
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
Compressed natural gas (CNG) (methane stored at high pressure) is a fuel that can be used in place of gasoline, diesel fuel and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). CNG combustion produces fewer undesirable gases than the aforementioned fuels. It burns efficiently and cannot be adulterated like petrol and diesel.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
CO2 cannot be obtained by heating:

Options:
A Na2CO3
B BeCO3
C Li2CO3
D Ca(HCO3)2

The correct answer is:
Na2CO3

Solution:
Carbonates of alkali metals are: thermally stable except carbonates of lithium.
Na2CO3 is thermally stable. Therefore CO2 cannot be obtained by heating Na2CO3.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
C+O 2 â CO 2 ;ââÎH=X

CO+12O2âCO2 ;Î H = Y

Then the heat of formation of CO is

Options:
A X-Y
B Y-2X
C X+Y
D 2X-Y

The correct answer is:
X-Y

Solution:
Câ+â O 2 â CO 2 ; âÎHâ=âX ...(i)
COâ+â 1 2 â O 2 â CO 2 ; âÎHâ=âY ...(ii)
Eqs. (i) -(ii)
C +  1 2   O 2 →CO;  ΔH = X−Y

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
CO₂ acceptor and carboxylating enzyme in mesophyll cell of C4 plants are respectively

Options:
A PEP, RuBisCO
B RUBP, PEPcase
C PEP, PEPcase
D 3PGA, RuBisCO

The correct answer is:
PEP, PEPcase

Solution:
C4 plants show kranz anatomy in which the mesophyll chloroplast differs from the bundle sheath chloroplast. Initial carboxylation reaction occurs in mesophyll cell catalyzed by PEPcase enzyme and the initial CO2 acceptor is 3 carbon compound PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate).

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
CO₂ dissociates from carbamino haemoglobin when

Options:
A pCO₂ is high & pO₂ is low
B pO₂ is high and pCO₂ is low
C pCO₂ and pO₂ are equal
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
pO₂ is high and pCO₂ is low

Solution:
pO₂ is high and pCO₂ is low when CO₂ dissociates from carbamino haemoglobin.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Coagulation of egg white on boiling is an example of denaturation of protein. Explain it in terms of structural changes.

Options:
A Boiling causes the protein to break down into its constituent amino acids.
B On boiling, coagulation of egg white occurs due to denaturation of protein. During denaturation hydrogen bonds are disturbed due to this globules unfold and the helix gets uncoiled and protein loses its biological activity.
C Denaturation involves the formation of new covalent bonds between protein molecules.
D Coagulation is a result of the protein increasing in size during boiling.

The correct answer is:
On boiling, coagulation of egg white occurs due to denaturation of protein. During denaturation hydrogen bonds are disturbed due to this globules unfold and the helix gets uncoiled and protein loses its biological activity.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
On boiling, coagulation of egg white occurs due to denaturation of protein. During denaturation hydrogen bonds are disturbed due to this globules unfold and the helix gets uncoiled and protein loses its biological activity.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Cobalt (III) chloride forms several octahedral complexes with ammonia. Which of the following will not give test for chloride ions with silver nitrate at 25oC?

Options:
A CoCl3⋅3NH3
B CoCl3⋅4NH3
C CoCl3⋅5NH3
D CoCl3⋅6NH3

The correct answer is:
CoCl3⋅3NH3

Solution:
In CoCl3⋅3NH3 the complex can be written as [CoCl3NH33]
With Co3+ oxidation state 3, Cl- ions & 3, NH3 molecules be with in the co-ordination sphere Co - Cl bonds in co-ordination sphere not ionisable.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Cobalt (III) chloride forms several octahedral complexes with ammonia. Which of the following will not give test of chloride ions with silver nitrate at 25°C?

Options:
A CoCl3.4NH3
B CoCl3.5NH3
C CoCl3.6NH3
D CoCl3.3NH3

The correct answer is:
CoCl3.3NH3

Solution:
As CoCl3.3NH3 is represented as [Co(NH3)3Cl3] it means it does not have any ionisable Cl- hence no white ppt of AgCl is possible. In other three complexes given here ionisable Cl- is possible so white ppt of AgCl is possible.
[Co(NH3)3Cl3]→AgNO3 no ppt

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Cobalt in which oxidation state shows Blue colour?

Options:
A +3
B +2
C 0
D -1

The correct answer is:
+3

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
+3

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Coca alkaloid or cocaine is obtained from

Options:
A Papaver somniferum
B Atropa belladonna
C Erythroxylum coca
D Datura

The correct answer is:
Erythroxylum coca

Solution:
Coca alkaloid or cocaine is obtained from coca plant Erythroxylum coca, native to South America. It interferes with the transport of the neurotransmitter dopamine.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Cockroach, a type of insect, has an organ for breaking down the food particles called

Options:
A Crop
B Gizzard
C Hepatic caeca
D Malphigian tubules

The correct answer is:
Gizzard

Solution:
Cockroach belongs to the phylum Arthropoda. It is a type of omnivorous insect. The esophagus in the cockroach opens into a crop which is used for storing ingested food. The crop is connected to the gizzard (proventriculus). It helps in grinding the food particles in smaller pieces.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Coconut fruit is a

Options:
A Drupe
B Berry
C Nut
D Capsule

The correct answer is:
Drupe

Solution:
Coconut fruit (stone fruit) is a drupe. A drupe develops from the monocarpellary superior ovary and is one-seeded. It is an indehiscent fruit in which an outer fleshy part exocarp (or skin) and mesocarp (or flesh) surround a single shell pyrene of hardened endocarp with a seed endocarp.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2017
Coconut fruit is a

Options:
A Drupe
B Berry
C Nut
D Capsule

The correct answer is:
Drupe

Solution:
Coconut fruit (stone fruit) is a drupe. A drupe develops from the monocarpellary superior ovary and is one-seeded. It is an indehiscent fruit in which an outer fleshy part exocarp (or skin) and mesocarp (or flesh) surround a single shell pyrene of hardened endocarp with a seed endocarp.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Coconut milk factor is:

Options:
A an auxin
B a gibberellin
C abscisic acid
D cytokinin

The correct answer is:
cytokinin

Solution:
Coconut milk is a free nuclear endosperm, formed by the repeated mitosis and number of free nuclei arrange themselves at the periphery of embryo sac, leaving a central vacuole. The nuclear division is not accompanied by the cell wall formation. Cytokinin are a class of plant hormones that promote cell division, or cytokinesis, in plant roots and shoots. They are involved primarily in cell growth and differentiation, but also affect apical dominance, axillary bud growth, and leaf senescence.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET, NEET 2003
Coconut water from a tender coconut is:

Options:
A Free nuclear endosperm
B Innermost layers of the seed coat
C Degenerated nucellus
D Immature embryo

The correct answer is:
Free nuclear endosperm

Solution:
In the most common type of endosperm development, the PEN undergoes successive nuclear divisions to give rise to free nuclei. This stage of endosperm development is called free-nuclear endosperm. Subsequently cell wall formation occurs and the endosperm becomes cellular. The number of free nuclei formed before cellularisation varies greatly. The coconut water from tender coconut is nothing but free-nuclear endosperm (made up of thousands of nuclei) and the surrounding white kernel is the cellular endosperm.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
Coconut water from a tender coconut is:

Options:
A Free nuclear endosperm
B Innermost layers of the seed coat
C Degenerated nucellus
D Immature embryo

The correct answer is:
Free nuclear endosperm

Solution:
In the most common type of endosperm development, the PEN undergoes successive nuclear divisions to give rise to free nuclei. This stage of endosperm development is called free-nuclear endosperm. Subsequently cell wall formation occurs and the endosperm becomes cellular. The number of free nuclei formed before cellularisation varies greatly. The coconut water from tender coconut is nothing but free-nuclear endosperm (made up of thousands of nuclei) and the surrounding white kernel is the cellular endosperm.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Co-dominance is seen in the person who has a blood group

Options:
A A
B B
C AB
D O

The correct answer is:
AB

Solution:
Co-dominance is the phenomenon is which both the alleles present in an organism express equally. Allele IA produces blood group antigen A while Allele IB produces blood group antigen B. When a person has genotype IA IB both these genes are equally expressed and the body produces both antigens A and B. Such a person is said to have blood group AB

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Coenocytic mycelium is formed in

Options:
A Ustilago
B Saccharomyces
C Rhizopus
D Alternaria

The correct answer is:
Rhizopus

Solution:
In members of Phycomycetes, mycelium is aseptate and coenocytic. Asexual reproduction takes place by zoospores (motile) or by aplanospores (non-motile). These spores are endogenously produced in the sporangium. A zygospore is formed by the fusion of two gametes. These gametes are similar in morphology (isogamous) or dissimilar (anisogamous or oogamous). Some common examples are Mucor, Rhizopus (the bread mould mentioned earlier) and Albugo (the parasitic fungi
on mustard).

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Coenocytic mycelium is

Options:
A uninucleate, septate.
B multinucleate, septate.
C multinucleate, aseptate.
D Both B and C

The correct answer is:
multinucleate, aseptate.

Solution:
The long branching structure of fungi involved in vegetative growth is called hyphae. The aggregate of these filamentous structures are called mycelium. Mycelium which is non-septate with many nuclei in the cytoplasm will be called as coenocytic mycelium. These are generally found in the parasitic fungi groups like Abugo.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Co-factor and prosthetic groups are __________ compounds, ________ bound to apoenzyme.

Options:
A organic, transiently
B inorganic, tightly
C organic, tightly
D inorganic, transiently

The correct answer is:
organic, tightly

Solution:
Enzymes are proteinaceous in nature. Some Enzymes also contain non-protein part known as Co-factors. These factors are attached to the Enzymes to enhanced their catalytic activity. The protein part of Enzyme is known as Apoenzyme. Hence Apoenzyme (Protein part) + Co-factors (Non protein part) = Holoenzyme (Whole Enzyme). As the co-factors are bound to enzymes, the removal of these factors affects the overall activity of Enzymes too. These co-factors can be organic or inorganic. Organic cofactors if tightly bound are known as Prosthetic groups and if loosely bound are termed as Co-enzymes. The inorganic co-factors are metal ions. Example of inorganic co-factor is Zinc which is a co-factor of enzyme Carboxypeptidase.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Coiling of garden pea tendrils around any support is an example of

Options:
A thigmotaxis
B thigmonasty
C thigmotropism
D thermotaxis

The correct answer is:
thigmotropism

Solution:
Thigmotropism movements are due to contact with a foreign body. In twiners and lianas, there is less growth on the ide of contact and more growth on the side of branch away from the contact. Coiling of garden pea tendrils arround any support is an example of thigmotropism.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
Colchicine is a chemical that stops chromatids from separating during mitosis. If a cell is treated with colchicine, at which stage of mitosis will this cell reach but not complete?

Options:
A Anaphase
B Metaphase
C Telophase
D Cytokinesis

The correct answer is:
Metaphase

Solution:
Colchicine is a mitotic inhibitor. It does not allow spindle fibres to be formed. Thus, condensation of chromosomes will occur and prophase will be completed. But metaphase won't be completed. The metaphase stage is characterized by all the chromosomes coming to lie at the equator with one chromatid of each chromosome connected by its kinetochore to spindle fibres from one pole and its sister chromatid connected by its kinetochore to spindle fibres from the opposite pole.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Colchicine is obtained from

Options:
A rhizome of Colchicum autumnale
B corms of Colchicum autumnale
C bulbs of Colchicum autumnale
D root tubers of Colchicum autumnale

The correct answer is:
corms of Colchicum autumnale

Solution:
Colchicine is a type of alkaloid that many applications. One of the major applications is in the treatment of diseases gout and Behcet's disease. It is also useful in the plant breeding process where it induces polyploidy by inhibiting the segregation of the chromosomes during meiosis resulting in half of the gametes with whole chromosomes and another half with no chromosomes.
Colchicine is produced by the flowering plant Colchicum autumnale. The alkaloid is obtained from the bulb-like corms formed in the plant. This plant is considered deadly poisonous due to its colchicine content.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Cold treatment to biennial plants will stimulate what kind of response?

Options:
A Photolysis
B Phototropism
C Photoperiodic response
D Pulverization

The correct answer is:
Photoperiodic response

Solution:
Photoperiodism is the way an organism responds to the changes in the length of the day. A biennial plant is a flowering plant that takes 2 years to complete its biological cycle. After the first year, they usually enter the period of dormancy. During this period they are subjected to cold treatment or vernalization to accelerate flowering and shorten the vegetative phase of the plants. When plants are subjected to low temperature, vernalization promotes flowering by a period of low temperature it stimulates a subsequent photoperiodic flowering response.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Collar cells form the lining of spongocoel in

Options:
A Jelly fish
B Sycon
C Taenia
D Pila

The correct answer is:
Sycon

Solution:
The cavity common to all sponges is the spongocoel. It is lined by endoderm, which contains a single layer of flagellated cells, called choanocytes.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Collenchyma constitutes the hypodermis in

Options:
A Monocot root
B Dicot Stem
C Dicot root
D Monocot Stem

The correct answer is:
Dicot Stem

Solution:
Collenchyma, part of the ground tissue, is a simple living tissue found in plants. Collenchyma layer is generally found below epidermis of the plant. They are either found in a patch manner or even distributed throughout. The cell wall of collenchyma tissue cells is thickened at corner due to higher deposition of cellulose, pectin and hemicellulose. The cells are generally spherical or polygonal in shape. This tissue provides mechanical support to the young stem and leaf.
The cross section of dicot plant stem has epidermis as the outermost layer and the region between pericycle and epidermis is called the cortex. The cortex of the stem is sub-divided in to regions and the section nearest to the epidermis is called hypodermis. The hypodermis (below epidermis) layer in dicot stem is made of collenchyma tissues compactly arranged. Whereas in the monocot stem, the hypodermis is made of sclerenchyma tissue.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Collenchyma shows all of the following characteristic features, except

Options:
A They possess thickened cell wall
B They are dead at maturity
C They possess vacuoles for storage of food
D They have cell wall which contains cellulose, pectin and hemicellulose

The correct answer is:
They are dead at maturity

Solution:
The collenchyma cells are polygonal or oval in shape. They have thickenings of pectin in the cell wall along with cellulose and hemicellulose. The collenchyma cells are found in the hypodermal layer of the dicot tissues. These cells have negligible intercellular spaces due to pectin deposition. Collenchyma is said to be the living mechanical tissue.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Collenchyma tissue is characterized by

Options:
A

Elongated cells with thickening at the corners

B Isodiametric cells with thickening all over the walls
C Isodiametric cells with deposits of cellulose and lignin at the corners
D Elongated cells which are not involved in the function of food storage

The correct answer is:

Elongated cells with thickening at the corners

Solution:
Collenchyma cells are elongated cells with irregularly thick cell walls that provide support and structure.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Colloidal gold sol can be prepared by the reduction of soluble salt solution such as AuCl3 with

Options:
A SnCl2
B hydrazine
C formaldehyde
D with any one of the above

The correct answer is:
with any one of the above

Solution:
Gold sol can be obtained by the reduction of soluble gold salt with SnCl2 or hydrazine or formaldehyde.
2AuCl3+3SnCl2→2Au(sol)+3SnCl4

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Colloidal solution of which of the following cannot be prepared by Bredig's arc method?

Options:
A Pt
B Au
C Ag
D Fe

The correct answer is:
Fe

Solution:
Bredig's arc method is suitable for the preparation of colloidal solution of metal like gold, silver, platinum etc. An arc is struck between the metal electrode under the surface of water containing some stabilizing agent such as a trace of KOH.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Colostrum, the yellowish fluid, secreted by mother during the initial days of lactation is very essential to impart immunity to the newborn infants because it contains:

Options:
A Natural killer cells
B Monocytes
C Macrophages
D Immunoglobulin A

The correct answer is:
Immunoglobulin A

Solution:
IgA or immunoglobulin A is the primary antibody present in colostrum, and also present in Saliva, mucus, and other secretions. IgA is very essential to provide immunity to the newborn because the immune system of the newborns is not fully developed.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
Colour absorbed by [Ti(H2O)6]3+coordination entity is:

Options:
A Blue green
B Yellow
C Red
D blue

The correct answer is:
Blue green

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
Blue green

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Colour in transition metal compounds in attributed to

Options:
A small size metal ions
B absorption of light in UV region
C complete (ns) subshell
D incomplete (n – 1) d subshell

The correct answer is:
incomplete (n – 1) d subshell

Solution:
Colour in transition metal compounds in attributed to incomplete (n â 1) d subshell as d-d transitions become possible in incomplete d-subshell. For e.g., Cr3+,Fe2+,Cu2+ etc.

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Colour of I2 solution is discharged, when solution of 'X' is added. 'X' is

Options:
A H2SO4
B Na2SO4
C Na2S2O3
D S 8

The correct answer is:
Na2S2O3

Solution:
I2 combines with Na2S2O3 solution to form sodium tetrathionate and colour of I2 is discharged.
2Na2S2O3+I2→2NaI+Na2S4O6

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET