datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
In which of the following female is heterogametic ?

Options:
A Drosophila
B Human
C Fowl
D Honey bee

The correct answer is:
Fowl

Solution:
Sex determination in humans, honey bee, Drosophila, and fowl is dependent on the genetic combination. For the first three, the male is heterogametic producing two types of gametes, and female is homogametic producing only one type of gamete. In fowl, that is a bird, the male is homogametic, and the female is heterogametic. Thus, the female is responsible for sex determination.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
In which of the following form, glycerol can enter the cell as a cellular substrate?

Options:
A PGA
B Pyruvate
C PGAL
D PEP

The correct answer is:
PGAL

Solution:
Fats would need to be broken down into glycerol and fatty acids first. If fatty acids were to be respired they would first be degraded to acetyl CoA and enter the pathway. Glycerol would enter the pathway after being converted to PGAL.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
In which of the following forms is iron absorbed by plants?

Options:
A Free element
B Ferrous
C Ferric
D Both ferric and ferrous

The correct answer is:
Ferric

Solution:
Plants obtain iron in the form of ferric ions (Fe3+). It is required in larger amounts in comparison to other micronutrients. It is an important constituent of proteins involved in the transfer of electrons like ferredoxin and cytochromes. It is reversibly oxidised from Fe2+ to Fe3+ during electron transfer. It activates catalase enzyme, and is essential for the formation of chlorophyll.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET, NEET 2018
In which of the following fruits, the edible part is the aril?

Options:
A litchi
B custard apple
C pomegranate
D orange

The correct answer is:
litchi

Solution:
Litchi is a nut type simple fruit. When a single fruit develops from a single ovary of a single flower, it is called a simple fruit. An aril which is a specialized outgrowth from a seed that partly or completely covers the seed is the edible part of litchi. In custard apple, the berries become very fleshy and being crowded together on a thick thalamus form a complex single fruit. the mesocarp, i.e. the fleshy part is the edible part of custard apple. Pomegranate is a balausta which is a berry with an outer hard rind formed of epicarp and a part of mesocarp. Succulent testa is the edible part of pomegranate. A citrus fruit is berry called a hesperidium that has a thick, leathery rind, with numerous oil glands (juicy placental hair), and a large flesh portion composed of several wedge-shaped sections.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2006
In which of the following fungi, the plasmogamy is followed by karyogamy, immediately?

Options:
A Mucor
B Aspergillus
C Ustilago
D Puccinia

The correct answer is:
Mucor

Solution:
In lower fungi or phycomycetes plasmogamy is immediately followed by karyogamy to form diploid zygote which develops thich wall to form zygospore. This zygospore survives during unfavourable condition and on getting favourable condition germinates, and undergoes meiosis.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
In which of the following gametophyte is not independent free living?

Options:
A Funaria
B Marchantia
C Pteris
D Pinus

The correct answer is:
Pinus

Solution:
In plants (gymnosperms like Pinus and angiosperms), gametophytes is dependent and develop into multicellular organisms while still enclosed within the sporangium while in bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts), the gametophyte free living (photosynthetic) e.g. Funaria, Marchantia. In ferns, gametophytes are photosynthetic free living organism called a prothallus (Pteris).

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
In which of the following groups of organisms, nitrogenous wastes are excreted in such a way to minimise the excessive loss of water?

Options:
A Birds and snails
B Reptiles and insects
C Insects and birds
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
Excretion of uric acid as a nitrogenous waste inform of pest and pellets is a way to preserve water in body and minimise loss of water in urine.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
In which of the following groups would you place a plant which produces spores has embryo and bear leaf without vascular tissue?

Options:
A "Flowering plants"
B "Amphibians of plant kingdom"
C "Naked seeded plants"
D "Cryptogams"

The correct answer is:
"Amphibians of plant kingdom"

Solution:
First land plants are Bryophytes (Amphibians of plant kingdom) which lacked vascular tissue. They produced haploid spores by meiosis. The zygote formed after fertilization undergoes mitosis to form an embryo.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
In which of the following industries is sodium hydroxide commonly used?

Options:
A Automobile manufacturing
B Aerospace engineering
C Textile industries for mercerizing cotton fabrics
D Pharmaceutical production

The correct answer is:
Textile industries for mercerizing cotton fabrics

Solution:
Sodium hydroxide is commonly used in the textile industries for mercerizing cotton fabrics.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
In which of the following interaction both partners are adversely affected?

Options:
A Predation
B Parasitism
C Mutualism
D Competition

The correct answer is:
Competition

Solution:
Both the species benefit in mutualism and both lose in competition in their interactions with each other. In both parasitism and predation, only one species benefits (parasite and predator, respectively) and the interaction is detrimental to the other species (host and prey, respectively). The interaction where one species is benefitted and the other is neither benefitted nor harmed is called commensalism. In amensalism, one species is harmed whereas the other is
unaffected.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
In which of the following interaction both partners are adversely affected?

Options:
A Predation
B Parasitism
C Mutualism
D Competition

The correct answer is:
Competition

Solution:
Both the species benefit in mutualism and both lose in competition in their interactions with each other. In both parasitism and predation, only one species benefits (parasite and predator, respectively) and the interaction is detrimental to the other species (host and prey, respectively). The interaction where one species is benefitted and the other is neither benefitted nor harmed is called commensalism. In amensalism, one species is harmed whereas the other is
unaffected.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
In which of the following ionization processes the bond energy increases and the magnetic behaviour changes from paramagnetic to diamagnetic:

Options:
A $\mathrm{O}^2 \rightarrow \mathrm{O}_2^{+}$
B $\mathrm{C}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_2^{+}$
C $\mathrm{NO} \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}^{+}$
D $\mathrm{N}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{N}_2^{+}$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{NO} \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}^{+}$

Solution:
The molecular configuration is depicted below:
Molecular orbital configuration of
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \mathrm{O}_2 \Rightarrow \sigma 1 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma^* 1 \mathrm{~s}^2 \rightarrow \sigma 2 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma^* \\
& 2 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma 2 \mathrm{p}_z^2 \pi 2 p^2{ }_x \rightarrow \pi 2 p^2{ }_y \\
& \pi^* 2 \mathrm{p}_x^1 \rightarrow \pi^* 2 p^1{ }_y \\
& \Rightarrow \text { Paramagnetic } \\
& \text { Bond order }=\frac{10-6}{2}=2 \\
& \mathrm{O}_2^{+} \Rightarrow \sigma 1 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma^* 1 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma 2 s^2 \rightarrow \\
& \sigma^* 2 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma 2 p^2{ }_z \rightarrow \pi 2 \mathrm{p}_x^2 \\
& \pi 2 p^2{ }_y \rightarrow \pi^* 2 p^1{ }_x \\
& \Rightarrow \text { Paramagnetic } \\
& \text { Bond order }=\frac{10-5}{2}=2.5 \\
& \mathrm{C}_2 \Rightarrow \sigma 1 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma^* 1 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma 2 s^2 \rightarrow \\
& \sigma^* 2 s^2 \rightarrow \pi 2 p^2{ }_x \rightarrow \pi 2 p^2 \\
& \Rightarrow \text { Diamagnetic } \\
& \text { Bond order }=\frac{8-4}{2}=2 \\
& \mathrm{C}_2^{+} \Rightarrow \sigma 1 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma^* 1 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma 2 s^2 \rightarrow \\
& \sigma^* 2 s^2 \rightarrow \pi 2 p^2{ }_x \rightarrow \pi 2 p^1{ }_y
\end{aligned}
$$
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \Rightarrow \text { Paramagnetic } \\
& \text { Bond order }=\frac{7-4}{2}=15 \\
& \mathrm{NO} \Rightarrow \sigma 1 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma^* 1 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma 2 s^2 \rightarrow \\
& \sigma^* 2 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma 2 p^2=\pi 2 p_x^2 \rightarrow \\
& \pi 2 p_y^2 \rightarrow \pi^* 2 p_x^1 \\
& \Rightarrow \text { Paramagnetic } \\
& \text { Bond order }=\frac{10-5}{2}=2.5 \\
& \mathrm{NO}^{+} \Rightarrow \sigma 1 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma^* 1 s^2 \sigma 2 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma^* 2 s^2 \\
& \sigma 2 p_z^2 \rightarrow \pi 2 p_x^2 \rightarrow \pi 2 p_y^2 \\
& \Rightarrow \text { Diamagnetic } \\
& \text { Bond } \text { order }=\frac{10-4}{2}=3 \\
& \mathrm{~N}_2 \Rightarrow \sigma 1 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma^* 1 s^2 \sigma 2 s^2 \rightarrow \sigma^* 2 s^2 \\
& \rightarrow \pi 2 p_x^2 \rightarrow \pi 2 p_y^2 \rightarrow \sigma 2 p^1= \\
& \Rightarrow \text { Paramagnetic } \\
& \text { Bond order }=\frac{10-4}{2}=3 \\
& \mathrm{~N}_2^{+} \Rightarrow \sigma 1 s^2 \sigma^* 1 s^2 \sigma 2 s^2 \sigma^* 2 s^2 \pi 2 p^2{ }_x \\
& \pi 2 p^2 \sigma 2 p_z^1 \\
& \Rightarrow \text { Paramagnetic } \\
& \text { Bond order }=\frac{9-4}{2}=2.5 \\
&
\end{aligned}
$$

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
In which of the following joints will restricted movement be observed?

Options:
A Joint present between flat skull bones
B Joint present between adjacent vertebrae
C Joint present between humerus and pectoral girdle.
D Knee joint

The correct answer is:
Joint present between adjacent vertebrae

Solution:
The joint present between adjacent vertebrae is known as 'cartiliganous joint.' The bones involved in this type of joint are connected together with the help of cartilage. These joints allow only limited range of movement.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
In which of the following, kind of pollination the flower shows the following characteristic?

1. Stigma is long and feathery.
2. The pollens are dry and unwettable.
3. Flowers are colourless and odourless.

Options:
A Anemophily
B Hydrophily
C Pollination by bees
D Pollination by ants

The correct answer is:
Anemophily

Solution:
Adaptations in anemophilous flowers:
1. Flowers are small, unisexual and inconspicuous.
2. Flowers are colourless, odourless and nectarless.
3. Flowers are well exposed on plants.
4. They produce a large number of dry, light and smooth walled pollen grains. Pollen grains are dry and unwettable.
5. The stamens are with versatile and exposed anthers.
6. Stigma is feathery and branched.
7. Style and stigma are long. Long style bears feathery, hairy, sticky and branched stigma to trap pollen grains.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
In which of the following male and female gametophyte have an independent free living existence?

Options:
A Cedrus
B Marchantia
C Pinus
D Pisum

The correct answer is:
Marchantia

Solution:
Gametophyte has independent free-living existence in Bryophyte and Pteridophyta. In Gymnosperms and Angiosperms, the gametophyte is highly reduced and not free-living structure. Cedrus, Pinus, and Pisum lack free-living gametophyte. In Marchantia (Bryophyta), the plant is dioecious, and male and female gametophyte are independent or fee living.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
In which of the following mechanism of inheritance, male will be genotypically similar to of a female organism?

Options:
A X-linked inheritance
B Y-linked inheritance
C Haplodiploidy mechanism
D XX-XO mechanism

The correct answer is:
Haplodiploidy mechanism

Solution:
Sex-determination of Honey bee:
The sex-determination in honey bee is based on the number of sets of chromosomes an individual receives. An offspring formed from the union of a sperm and an egg develops as a female (queen or worker). And an unfertilized egg develops as a male (drone) by means of parthenogenesis. Thus genotypically male will be similar to females.This means that the males have half the number of chromosomes than that of a female. The females are diploid having 32 chromosomes and males are haploid, i.e., having 16 chromosomes. This is called as haplo-diploid sex-determination system and has special characteristic features such as the males produce sperms by mitosis.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
In which of the following medium, callus should be placed to produce shoot?

Options:
A Higher concentration of cytokinin and lower concentration of auxin
B Lower concentration of cytokinin and higher a centration of auxin
C Only cytokinin and no auxin
D Only auxin and no cytokinin

The correct answer is:
Higher concentration of cytokinin and lower concentration of auxin

Solution:
Auxins are one the growth promoters found in plants. These are mostly produces by the apical parts of roots and stems and from there move to different parts of plant as per need.
Cytokinin is a group of plant growth regulator that promotes cell division. These help in leaves production, chloroplast production. These chemicals have an impact on the cytokinesis process.
In tissue culture of plant explants, the medium is fed with high concentration of cytokinin and lower amount of auxin to induce shoot differentiation. High auxin concentration promotes root differentiation.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
In which of the following methods of ART, fertilization will be In-vivo?

Options:
A IVF-ET
B ZIFT
C ICSI
D AI technique

The correct answer is:
AI technique

Solution:
Infertility cases either due to inability of the male partner to inseminate the female or due to very low sperm counts in the ejaculates could be corrected by artificial insemination (AI) technique. In this technique, the semen collected either from the husband or a healthy donor is artificially introduced either into the vagina or into the uterus (IUI – intra-uterine insemination) of the female.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
In which of the following minerals, Al is not present?

Options:
A Cryolite
B Mica
C Feldspar
D Fluorspar

The correct answer is:
Fluorspar

Solution:
Aluminium is not present in Fluorspar.
Cryolite: Na3AlF6
Mica: KAlSi3O10(OH)2
Feldspar: KAlSi3O8
Fluorspar: CaF2 .

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
In which of the following molecular species both σ -dative and π -dative bonds are present?

Options:
A BF4-
B Be2Cl4
C NH4+
D [BeF4]2-

The correct answer is:
Be2Cl4

Solution:
Here Be2Cl4 has both σ -dative and π -dative bonds.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
In which of the following molecule have all the effects namely inductive, mesomeric and hyper conjugation?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
(i) Compound has +I group (i.e., -CH3) and –I group (-COCH3) .
(ii) π,π conjugation is present in the molecule means resonance.
(iii) Compound has alkene with α-H and can show hyperconjugation.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
In which of the following molecules all A-X bond lengths are identical?
[A = central atom and X = surrounding atom]

Options:
A XeF4
B PF5
C Both A and B
D SF4

The correct answer is:
XeF4

Solution:
Hybridisation of Xe →sp3d2
All four Xe-F bonds are of equal lengths as they lie in the same plane and are at 90° apart from each other.
Hybridisation →sp3d
(P-F)axial>(1.58Å)(P-F)equatorial(1.53Å)
Hybridisation →sp3d
(S-F)axial>(S-F)equatorial

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
In which of the following molecules, all atoms are coplanar?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Biphenyl is a planar system, where all the carbon atoms and H-atoms are in the same plane.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
In which of the following molecules are all the bonds not equal?

Options:
A $\mathrm{NF}_3$
B $\mathrm{ClF}_3$
C BF3
D $\mathrm{AlF}_{3}$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{ClF}_3$

Solution:
In $\mathrm{ClF}_3$, the chlorine atom is $s p^3 d$ hybridised. So, the bonds are not equal and have trigonal-bipyramidal geometry.
$\mathrm{BF}_3$ and $\mathrm{AlF}_3$ show a trigonal symmetric structure because of $s p^2$ hybridisation.
$\mathrm{NF}_3$ shows pyramidal geometry because of $s p^3$ hybridisation.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2006
In which of the following molecules, the number of possible ∠ XAX angles is maximum in the anionic part of their solid state? [A : Central atom; X : Surrounding atom]

Options:
A PBr5
B N2O5
C PCl5
D Cl2O6

The correct answer is:
PCl5

Solution:
PBr 5 s &xrarr; PBr 4 + + Br - N 2 O 5 s &xrarr; NO 2 + + NO 3 - sp 2 PCl 5 s &xrarr; PCl 4 + + PCl 6 - sp 3 d 2 Cl 2 O 6 s &xrarr; ClO 2 + + ClO 4 - sp 3

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
In which of the following molecules, the substituent does not exert its resonance effect

Options:
A C 6 H 5 NH 2
B C 6 H 5 NH 3 ⊕
C C 6 H 5 OH
D C 6 H 5 Cl

The correct answer is:
C 6 H 5 NH 3 ⊕

Solution:
In C 6 H 5 NH 3 ⊕ there is no lone pair electrons on the N-atom and hence it cannot exert its resonance effect.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
In which of the following molecules/ions $\mathrm{BF}_3, \mathrm{NO}_2^{-}, \mathrm{NH}_2^{-}$and $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$, the central atom is $\mathrm{sp}^2$ hybridised ?

Options:
A $\mathrm{NO}_2^{-}$and $\mathrm{NH}_2^{-}$
B $\mathrm{NH}_2^{-}$and $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
C $\mathrm{NO}_2^{-}$and $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
D $\mathrm{BF}_3$ and $\mathrm{NO}_2^{-}$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{BF}_3$ and $\mathrm{NO}_2^{-}$

Solution:
Key Idea For $\mathrm{sp}^2$ hybridisation, there must be either $3 \sigma$ bonds or $2 \sigma$ bonds and one lone pair of electrons in the molecule or ions.
Thus, in $\mathrm{BF}_3$ and $\mathrm{NO}_2^{-}$, central atom is $\mathrm{sp}^2$ hybridised.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
In which of the following notochord is present in the embryonic stage?

Options:
A All chordates
B Some chordates
C Vertebrates
D Non-chordates

The correct answer is:
All chordates

Solution:
All chordates have a notochord present in the embryonic stage. In Tunicates, the notochord is present only in the larval stage, being completely absent in the adult animal. Urochordates, like Herdmania have notochord and nerve cord present only in tail. Tadpole undergoes retrogressive metamorphosis and notochord and nerve cord is absent in adults, which is lost during metamorphosis. In vertebrates the notochord develops into the vertebral column, becoming vertebrae and the intervertebral discs the centre of which retains a structure similar to the original notochord.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2002
In which of the following octahedral complexes of Co (At. No. 27), will the magnitude of â 0 be the highest?

Options:
A CoCN63-
B CoC2O433-
C CoH2O63+
D CoNH363+

The correct answer is:
CoCN63-

Solution:
CFSE (crystal field splitting energy) for octahedral complex, â0 depends on the strength of ligand. Spectrochemically it has been found that the strength of splitting is as follows
CO> CN-_ >NO2->en> NH3_ >py>
NCS->H2O>O2->OX2->OH->F->
Cl->SCN->S2->Br->I-
Therefore, magnitude of â0 will be highest in case of CoCN63-.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
In which of the following only PS I is found?

Options:
A Stroma
B Granal thylakoids
C Stromal lamella
D Matrix

The correct answer is:
Stromal lamella

Solution:
When only PS I is functional, the electron is circulated within the photosystem and the phosphorylation occurs due to cyclic flow of electrons. A possible location where this could be happening is in the stroma lamellae. While the membrane or lamellae of the grana have both PS I and PS II. The stroma lamellae membranes lack PS II as well as NADP reductase enzyme. The excited electron does not pass on to NADP+ but is cycled back to the PS I complex through the electron transport chain

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
In which of the following option correct examples of plants are represented respectively showing alternate, opposite, and whorled phyllotaxy?

Options:
A Alstonia, Calotropis and China rose
B China rose, Alstonia and Claotropis
C Calotropis Chian rose and Alstonia
D China rose, Calotropis and Alstonia

The correct answer is:
China rose, Calotropis and Alstonia

Solution:
Phyllotaxy can be defined as the pattern of arrangement of leaves on the stem or branch. In alternate phyllotaxy a single leaf is originated at each node in alternate manner. Examples - mustard, sunflower and china rose. In opposite phyllotaxy, a pair of leaves is originated at each node and is arranged opposite to each other. Examples - Calotropis and guava plants. In Whorled phyllotaxy more than two leaves are originated at a node and form a whorl. Example - Alstonia.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
In which of the following option members of the same family are present?

Options:
A Gram, Indigofera, petunia, colchicine
B Soyabean, mulaithi, ashwagandha and Asparagus
C Tomato, chilli, belladonna and tobacco
D Gloriosa, Aloe, Sesbania and Trifolium

The correct answer is:
Tomato, chilli, belladonna and tobacco

Solution:
Members of Solanaceae: Tomato, brinjal, potato, spice (chilli); medicine (belladonna, ashwagandha); fumigatory (tobacco); ornamentals (petunia).
Members of Fabaceae: Pulses (gram, arhar, sem, moong, soyabean; edible oil (soyabean, groundnut); dye (Indigofera); fibres (sunhemp); fodder (Sesbania, Trifolium), ornamentals (lupin, sweet pea); medicine (muliathi).
Members of Liliaceae: Ornamentals (tulip, Gloriosa), source of medicine (Aloe), vegetables (Asparagus), and colchicine (Colchicum autumnale).

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
In which of the following options chlorine will act as the best leaving group.

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
The chlorine atom that leaves to give us the most stable carbocation will act as the best leaving group. Among the given options, the Cl attached to a 3o carbon will act as the best leaving group as this would give a stable 3o carbocation (stable due to highest extent of hyperconjugation).

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
In which of the following options correct words for all three blanks X, Y, & Z indicated?

Options:
A X- decarboxylation, Y- reduction, Z- regeneration
B X- fixation, Y- transamination, Z- regeneration
C X- fixation, Y- decarboxylation, Z- regeneration
D X- carboxylation, Y- decarboxylation, Z- reduction

The correct answer is:
X- fixation, Y- decarboxylation, Z- regeneration

Solution:
One of the steps in the photosynthesis process is dark reaction where the carbondioxide is reduced to glucose via Calvin cycle and this process is independent of light. Calvin cycle requires high concentration of carbondioxide which is taken in from air through stomata. Plants in the dry tropical region show leaf anatomy called Kranz anatomy having two types of tissue - bundle sheath and mesophyll and follow the C4 pathway to compensate for carbondioxide. In the mesophyll cell, phosphoenol pyruvate accepts the carbodixode to form a four-carbon compound-oxaloacetic acid (fixation)(X). This is transported to the bundle sheath cell where it undergoes decarboxylation(Y) releasing carbon dioxide to be used in C3 cycle and pyruvate. Pyruvate is transported to mesophyll cell and phosphorylated to regenerate(Z) PEP for fixing carbondioxde again.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET