datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Explain the following reaction: (a) Silicon is heated with methyl chloride at high temperature in the presence of copper.

Options:
A Silicon undergoes nucleophilic substitution with methyl chloride.
B The reaction is an example of a redox reaction.
C Copper acts as a catalyst in this reaction.
D The reaction involves the formation of a covalent compound.

The correct answer is:
Silicon undergoes nucleophilic substitution with methyl chloride.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Silicon undergoes nucleophilic substitution with methyl chloride.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Explain the following reaction: (b) Silicon dioxide is treated with hydrogen fluoride.

Options:
A The reaction involves a Lewis acid-base reaction.
B Silicon dioxide undergoes reduction to form silicon.
C Hydrogen fluoride acts as a reducing agent.
D The reaction results in the formation of a covalent compound.

The correct answer is:
The reaction involves a Lewis acid-base reaction.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
The reaction involves a Lewis acid-base reaction.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Explain the following reaction: (c) CO is heated with ZnO.

Options:
A The reaction is an example of a redox reaction.
B Carbon monoxide (CO) acts as a reducing agent.
C Zinc oxide (ZnO) undergoes oxidation.
D The reaction results in the formation of a covalent compound.

The correct answer is:
Carbon monoxide (CO) acts as a reducing agent.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Carbon monoxide (CO) acts as a reducing agent.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Explain the following reaction: (d) Hydrated alumina is treated with aqueous NaOH solution.

Options:
A The reaction involves a displacement reaction.
B Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) acts as a strong acid.
C The reaction results in the formation of a basic salt.
D Hydrated alumina is a Lewis acid.

The correct answer is:
The reaction results in the formation of a basic salt.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
The reaction results in the formation of a basic salt.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Explain the following : Silica is added to the sulfide ore of copper in the reverberatory furnace.

Options:
A Silica reduces the melting point of copper.
B Silica acts as a reducing agent.
C Sulphide ore of copper contains iron as impurity which is removed as iron silicate (slag)
D Silica prevents the formation of copper oxide.

The correct answer is:
Sulphide ore of copper contains iron as impurity which is removed as iron silicate (slag)

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Sulphide ore of copper contains iron as impurity which is removed as iron silicate (slag)

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Explain the following: Silicon forms SiF₆²⁻ ion whereas corresponding fluoro compound of carbon is not known.

Options:
A Carbon forms weaker covalent bonds with fluorine than silicon
B Carbon has a higher electronegativity than silicon
C Silicon has empty d-orbitals for hybridization
D Carbon has a higher atomic number than silicon

The correct answer is:
Carbon forms weaker covalent bonds with fluorine than silicon

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Carbon forms weaker covalent bonds with fluorine than silicon

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Explain the following terms with suitable examples Anionic detergents.

Options:
A Detergents with positively charged hydrophilic head groups.
B Detergents with negatively charged hydrophilic head groups.
C Detergents with no charge on their head groups.
D Detergents used exclusively for industrial cleaning.

The correct answer is:
Detergents with negatively charged hydrophilic head groups.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Detergents with negatively charged hydrophilic head groups.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Explain the following terms with suitable examples (i) Cationic detergents

Options:
A Detergents with positively charged hydrophilic head groups.
B Detergents with negatively charged hydrophilic head groups.
C Detergents with no charge on their head groups.
D Detergents used exclusively for industrial cleaning.

The correct answer is:
Detergents with positively charged hydrophilic head groups.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Detergents with positively charged hydrophilic head groups.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Explain the following terms with suitable examples Non-ionic detergents

Options:
A Detergents with positively charged hydrophilic head groups.
B Detergents with negatively charged hydrophilic head groups.
C Detergents with no charge on their head groups.
D Detergents used exclusively for industrial cleaning.

The correct answer is:
Detergents with no charge on their head groups.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Detergents with no charge on their head groups.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Explain the following: Tl(NO₃)₃ acts as an oxidizing agent.

Options:
A Tl3+has a higher effective nuclear charge than Tl2+
B Tl3+has a smaller atomic radius than Tl2+
C Tl3+has more available valence electrons compared to Tl2+
D Tl3+has a lower ionization energy than Tl2+

The correct answer is:
Tl3+has a higher effective nuclear charge than Tl2+

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Tl3+has a higher effective nuclear charge than Tl2+

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Explain the following : Vapour phase refining method is used for the purification of Ti.

Options:
A Ti has a low boiling point.
B Ti is easily oxidized in the presence of air.
C Ti reacts with iodine to form volatile TiI4which decomposes at high temperature to give extra pure titanium.
D Ti forms non-volatile compounds with impurities.

The correct answer is:
Ti reacts with iodine to form volatile TiI4which decomposes at high temperature to give extra pure titanium.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Ti reacts with iodine to form volatile TiI4which decomposes at high temperature to give extra pure titanium.

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Explain the following: Why does the element silicon, not form a graphite like structure whereas carbon does.

Options:
A Silicon forms strong metallic bonds, unlike carbon.
B Silicon lacks the ability to form double or triple bonds.
C Silicon does not have the same electron configuration as carbon.
D Silicon has a higher atomic number than carbon.

The correct answer is:
Silicon lacks the ability to form double or triple bonds.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Silicon lacks the ability to form double or triple bonds.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Explain the nature of boric acid as a Lewis acid in water.

Options:
A Acts as a proton donor
B Acts as a proton acceptor
C Accepts electron pairs from water molecules
D Donates electron pairs to water molecules

The correct answer is:
Accepts electron pairs from water molecules

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Accepts electron pairs from water molecules

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Explain the principle involved in the separation of components of a mixture of liquids by using fractionating column.

Options:
A Fractionating column utilizes differences in solubility to separate components.
B Fractionating column uses differences in density to separate components.
C The principle involved in the separation of components of a mixture of liquids by using fractionating column is that different liquids boil and evaporate at different temperatures.
D Fractionating column relies on differences in color to separate components.

The correct answer is:
The principle involved in the separation of components of a mixture of liquids by using fractionating column is that different liquids boil and evaporate at different temperatures.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
The principle involved in the separation of components of a mixture of liquids by using fractionating column is that different liquids boil and evaporate at different temperatures.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Explain the reason for the fusion of an organic compound with metallic sodium for testing nitrogen, sulphur and halogens.

Options:
A The fusion with metallic sodium is done to neutralize any acidic or basic impurities that may interfere with the tests for nitrogen, sulphur, and halogens. Sodium reacts with acidic and basic impurities, forming soluble salts.
B Nitrogen, sulphur, and halogens are covalently bonded in organic compounds. For their detection, they have to be first converted to ionic form. This is done by fusing the organic compound with sodium metal
C The fusion with metallic sodium is carried out to oxidize nitrogen, sulphur, and halogens into their highest oxidation states, making them easier to detect through chemical reactions. Sodium acts as a powerful oxidizing agent during the fusion.
D The fusion with metallic sodium is performed to reduce the volatility of nitrogen, sulphur, and halogens present in the organic compound, making them more stable and less likely to escape during subsequent testing.

The correct answer is:
Nitrogen, sulphur, and halogens are covalently bonded in organic compounds. For their detection, they have to be first converted to ionic form. This is done by fusing the organic compound with sodium metal

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Nitrogen, sulphur, and halogens are covalently bonded in organic compounds. For their detection, they have to be first converted to ionic form. This is done by fusing the organic compound with sodium metal

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Explain the role of allosteric sites in enzyme inhibition?

Options:
A Allosteric sites promote the activation of enzymes by binding to substrates.
B Allosteric sites are regions on enzymes where competitive inhibitors bind to allow substrate access.
C Allosteric sites are involved in the formation of repulsions between enzymes and substrates.
D Some drugs do not bind to the enzyme’s active site. They bind to a different site of the enzyme called the allosteric site. This bonding of inhibitors at the allosteric site changes the shape of the active site in such a way that the substrate cannot recognise it. As a result, the affinity of the substrate for the active site decreases.

The correct answer is:
Some drugs do not bind to the enzyme’s active site. They bind to a different site of the enzyme called the allosteric site. This bonding of inhibitors at the allosteric site changes the shape of the active site in such a way that the substrate cannot recognise it. As a result, the affinity of the substrate for the active site decreases.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
Some drugs do not bind to the enzyme’s active site. They bind to a different site of the enzyme called the allosteric site. This bonding of inhibitors at the allosteric site changes the shape of the active site in such a way that the substrate cannot recognise it. As a result, the affinity of the substrate for the active site decreases.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Explain the significance of sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium in biological fluids.

Options:
A Sodium and potassium are important for muscle contraction and nerve impulses, while magnesium and calcium play a crucial role in blood clotting.
B Sodium and potassium are crucial for blood clotting, while magnesium and calcium are vital for muscle contraction and nerve impulses.
C Sodium and potassium are essential for muscle contraction and nerve impulses, while magnesium and calcium play a crucial role in photosynthesis.
D Sodium and potassium are vital for photosynthesis, while magnesium and calcium are crucial for blood clotting.

The correct answer is:
Sodium and potassium are important for muscle contraction and nerve impulses, while magnesium and calcium play a crucial role in blood clotting.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Sodium and potassium are important for muscle contraction and nerve impulses, while magnesium and calcium play a crucial role in blood clotting.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Explain the structures of diborane and boric acid.

Options:
A Diborane (B₂H₆) consists of two boron atoms and six hydrogen atoms arranged in a planar triangle. Boric acid (H₃BO₃) is a linear molecule with three hydrogen atoms, one boron atom, and three oxygen atoms.
B Diborane (B₂H₆) consists of two boron atoms and six hydrogen atoms arranged in a planar triangle. Boric acid (H₃BO₃) is a planar molecule with three hydrogen atoms, one boron atom, and three oxygen atoms.
C Diborane (B₂H₆) consists of two boron atoms and six hydrogen atoms arranged in a planar triangle. Boric acid (H₃BO₃) is a molecule with three hydrogen atoms, one boron atom, and three oxygen atoms arranged in a trigonal planar structure.
D Diborane (B₂H₆) consists of two boron atoms and six hydrogen atoms arranged in a tetrahedral structure. Boric acid (H₃BO₃) is a molecule with three hydrogen atoms, one boron atom, and three oxygen atoms arranged in a trigonal planar structure.

The correct answer is:
Diborane (B₂H₆) consists of two boron atoms and six hydrogen atoms arranged in a planar triangle. Boric acid (H₃BO₃) is a planar molecule with three hydrogen atoms, one boron atom, and three oxygen atoms.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Diborane (B₂H₆) consists of two boron atoms and six hydrogen atoms arranged in a planar triangle. Boric acid (H₃BO₃) is a planar molecule with three hydrogen atoms, one boron atom, and three oxygen atoms.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Explain the term "Aerosol".

Options:
A A colloidal solution in which solid or liquid particles are dispersed in a gas.
B A colloidal solution in which gas particles are dispersed in a liquid.
C A colloidal solution in which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid.
D A colloidal solution in which liquid particles are dispersed in a gas.

The correct answer is:
A colloidal solution in which gas particles are dispersed in a liquid.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
A colloidal solution in which gas particles are dispersed in a liquid.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Explain the term "Alcosol".

Options:
A A colloidal solution in which solid particles are dispersed in alcohol.
B A colloidal solution in which solid particles are dispersed in water.
C A colloidal solution in which liquid particles are dispersed in alcohol.
D A colloidal solution in which gas particles are dispersed in alcohol.

The correct answer is:
A colloidal solution in which solid particles are dispersed in alcohol.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
A colloidal solution in which solid particles are dispersed in alcohol.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Explain the term "F-centres" with a suitable example.

Options:
A It is a vacancy defect where ions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.
B It is a vacancy defect where equal number of cations and anions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.
C It is an interstitial defect where ions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.
D It is an interstitial defect where equal number of cations and anions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.

The correct answer is:
It is a vacancy defect where ions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
It is a vacancy defect where ions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Explain the term "Frenkel defect" with a suitable example.

Options:
A It is a vacancy defect where ions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.
B It is a vacancy defect where equal number of cations and anions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.
C It is an interstitial defect where ions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.
D It is an interstitial defect where equal number of cations and anions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.

The correct answer is:
It is an interstitial defect where ions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
It is an interstitial defect where ions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Explain the term "Hydrosol".

Options:
A A colloidal solution in which solid particles are dispersed in water.
B A colloidal solution in which liquid particles are dispersed in water.
C A colloidal solution in which gas particles are dispersed in water.
D A colloidal solution in which gas particles are dispersed in oil.

The correct answer is:
A colloidal solution in which liquid particles are dispersed in water.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
A colloidal solution in which liquid particles are dispersed in water.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Explain the term "Interstitials" with a suitable example.

Options:
A It is a vacancy defect where ions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.
B It is a vacancy defect where equal number of cations and anions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.
C It is an interstitial defect where ions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.
D It is an interstitial defect where equal number of cations and anions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.

The correct answer is:
It is an interstitial defect where ions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
It is an interstitial defect where ions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Explain the term "Schottky defect" with a suitable example.

Options:
A It is a vacancy defect where ions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.
B It is a vacancy defect where equal number of cations and anions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.
C It is an interstitial defect where ions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.
D It is an interstitial defect where equal number of cations and anions occupy the interstitial sites, e.g., ZnS crystals.

The correct answer is:
It is a vacancy defect where equal number of cations and anions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
It is a vacancy defect where equal number of cations and anions are missing from their lattice positions, e.g., NaCl crystals.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Explain the term, target molecules or drug targets as used in medicinal chemistry.

Options:
A Molecules that are used as ingredients in drugs
B Molecules that bind to specific biomolecules and alter their activity
C Molecules that are naturally produced by the body in response to drugs
D Molecules that have no effect on the body

The correct answer is:
Molecules that bind to specific biomolecules and alter their activity

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Molecules that bind to specific biomolecules and alter their activity

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Explain why alcohols and ethers of comparable molecular mass have different boiling points?

Options:
A because Alcohols have intermolecular hydrogen bonding whereas ethers do not have such H-bonding.
B because Ethers have stronger intermolecular hydrogen bonding compared to alcohols.
C because Alcohols and ethers have identical intermolecular forces.
D because Alcohols and ethers exhibit different chemical reactivity, affecting their boiling points.

The correct answer is:
because Alcohols have intermolecular hydrogen bonding whereas ethers do not have such H-bonding.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
because Alcohols have intermolecular hydrogen bonding whereas ethers do not have such H-bonding.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Explain why alkyl groups act as electron donors when attached to a π system?

Options:
A Due to hyperconjugation, the alkyl groups act as electron donors when attached to a π system
B Due to resonance, the alkyl groups act as electron donors when attached to a π system
C Due to inductive effect, the alkyl groups act as electron donors when attached to a π system
D Due to IUPAC nomenclature rules, the alkyl groups act as electron donors when attached to a π system

The correct answer is:
Due to hyperconjugation, the alkyl groups act as electron donors when attached to a π system

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Due to hyperconjugation, the alkyl groups act as electron donors when attached to a π system

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Explain why alkyl halides, though polar, are immiscible with water?

Options:
A Alkyl halides do not have a polar nature; they are nonpolar molecules.
B Alkyl halides have a strong hydrogen bonding ability that disrupts the hydrogen bonds in water, making them immiscible.
C Alkyl halides have a significantly lower density than water, causing them to float on the water's surface.
D Alkyl halides are polar molecules and so held together by dipole-dipole interactions. Similarly, strong hydrogen bonding exists between the water molecules. Therefore, the new force of attraction that exists between the alkyl halides and water molecules is weaker than the alkyl halide-alkyl halide and water-water forces of attraction. Therefore, even though alkyl halides are polar, they are still immiscible with water.

The correct answer is:
Alkyl halides are polar molecules and so held together by dipole-dipole interactions. Similarly, strong hydrogen bonding exists between the water molecules. Therefore, the new force of attraction that exists between the alkyl halides and water molecules is weaker than the alkyl halide-alkyl halide and water-water forces of attraction. Therefore, even though alkyl halides are polar, they are still immiscible with water.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
Alkyl halides are polar molecules and so held together by dipole-dipole interactions. Similarly, strong hydrogen bonding exists between the water molecules. Therefore, the new force of attraction that exists between the alkyl halides and water molecules is weaker than the alkyl halide-alkyl halide and water-water forces of attraction. Therefore, even though alkyl halides are polar, they are still immiscible with water.

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET
Explain, why an organic liquid vaporises at a temperature below its boiling point in its steam distillation?

Options:
A Steam distillation involves the use of superheated steam, which raises the temperature of the organic liquid and causes it to vaporize at a lower temperature than its boiling point.
B The addition of steam to the organic liquid provides extra heat energy, allowing it to vaporize at a temperature below its boiling point.
C In steam distillation, the organic liquid starts to boil when the sum of vapour pressure due to the organic liquid (P1) and the vapour pressure due to water P2becomes equal to atmospheric pressure (P), that is, P=P1+P2.Since P1

2,organic liquid will vaporise at a lower temperature than its boiling point.

D Organic liquids always vaporize below their boiling points when subjected to steam distillation due to the unique properties of steam

The correct answer is:
In steam distillation, the organic liquid starts to boil when the sum of vapour pressure due to the organic liquid (P1) and the vapour pressure due to water P2becomes equal to atmospheric pressure (P), that is, P=P1+P2.Since P1

2,organic liquid will vaporise at a lower temperature than its boiling point.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
In steam distillation, the organic liquid starts to boil when the sum of vapour pressure due to the organic liquid (P1) and the vapour pressure due to water P2becomes equal to atmospheric pressure (P), that is, P=P1+P2.Since P1

2,organic liquid will vaporise at a lower temperature than its boiling point.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET