datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which evolutionary phenomenon is depicted by the sketch given in figure?

Options:
A Artificial selection
B Genetic drift
C Convergent evolution
D Adaptive radiation

The correct answer is:
Adaptive radiation

Solution:
The correct answer is option (4), because the evolutionary phenomenon depicted in the sketch is adaptive radiation as from the original seed-eating features, many other forms of finches with altered beaks arose, enabling them to become insectivorous and vegetarian finches.
Option (1) is incorrect because artificial selection is anthropogenic, where man breeds selected plants and animals for different uses.
Option (2) is incorrect because genetic drift is change in gene frequency by chance.
Option (3) is incorrect because convergent evolution is when different structures, with different origins evolve for the same function due to same habitat and hence have similarity. Darwin's finches are the example of divergent evolution.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2024 (Re-NEET)
Which experimental phenomenon involves the ejection of electrons from a metal surface when radiation strikes it?

Options:
A Diffraction
B Interference
C Photoelectric effect
D Heat capacity variation

The correct answer is:
Photoelectric effect

Solution:
The ejection of electrons from a metal surface when radiation strikes it is known as the photoelectric effect.

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Which expression represents the current (I) in the wire for the configuration depicted in Fig 6.8, where wire PQ has negligible resistance, the magnetic field (B) is coming out of the paper, and θ is a fixed angle made by PQ traveling smoothly over two conducting parallel wires separated by a distance (d)?

Options:
A I = dvB/R
B I = R/dvB
C I = RB/dv
D I = Bdv/R

The correct answer is:
I = dvB/R

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
I = dvB/R

Topic: Chemistry, Electromagnetic Induction, NEET
Which extra embryonic membrane in humans prevents desiccation of the embryo inside the uterus?

Options:
A Chorion
B Allantois
C Yolk sac
D Amnion

The correct answer is:
Amnion

Solution:
Amnion is an extra embryonic membrane that surrounds embryo in reptiles, birds and mammals. It provides a kind of private aquarium to the embryo and protects it from mechanical shock and desiccation.
Chorion (serosa) is the outermost extra embryonic membrane in reptiles, birds and mammals. It surrounds the whole embryonic system of embryo.
Yolk sac contains yolk in reptiles and birds. In mammals yolk sac is also known as umbilical vesicle. It is connected to enteron of embryo by a slender yolk stalk.
Allantois functions as an embryonic urinary bladder or as a respiratory extension of hind gut in reptiles and birds. In mammals it is modified to carry blood vessels to and from the placenta.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Which face of the golgi apparatus do vesicles from the ER fuse with?

Options:
A The maturing face
B The trans face
C The cis face
D The convex face

The correct answer is:
The cis face

Solution:
Vesicles from the ER fuse with the cis face of the golgi apparatus and move towards the maturing face.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Which factor affect the specific rate constant of a first order reaction?

Options:
A Time for completion of reaction
B Concentration of the reactants
C Concentration of the products
D Temperature of reaction

The correct answer is:
Temperature of reaction

Solution:
The specific rate constant of a first order reaction depends upon the temperature of reaction.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
Which factor affects the velocity constant k of a reaction?

Options:
A Change in the concentration of the reactant
B Change of temperature
C Change in the concentration of the product
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Change of temperature

Solution:
Velocity constant 'K' is characteristic constant of a reaction independent of concentration of reactant and products, but depends only on temperature and catalyst.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
Which factor can induce mutations in organisms?

Options:
A Genes
B Chromosomes
C Mutagens
D Proteins

The correct answer is:
Mutagens

Solution:
Mutagens are chemical or physical factors that can induce mutations in organisms. Examples of mutagens include UV radiation and certain chemicals.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which factor complicates the trend in the third ionization enthalpies?

Options:
A Presence of 4s electrons
B Presence of 3d electrons
C Presence of p electrons
D Presence of s electrons

The correct answer is:
Presence of 4s electrons

Solution:
The trend in the third ionization enthalpies is complicated by the presence of 4s electrons.

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Which factor contributes to the decrease in boiling points of phenols with increased branching in the phenolic ring?

Options:
A Increased surface area
B Weaker van der Waals forces
C Reduced hydrogen bonding ability
D Greater aromaticity

The correct answer is:
Reduced hydrogen bonding ability

Solution:
Increased branching reduces the availability of -OH groups for hydrogen bonding, decreasing boiling points.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which factor does not affect the water potential of a cell?

Options:
A Solute potential
B Pressure potential
C Temperature potential
D Electrical potential

The correct answer is:
Electrical potential

Solution:
The water potential of a cell is affected by solute potential and pressure potential only, as stated in the relationship Ψw = Ψs + Ψp. Electrical potential does not affect the water potential of a cell.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
Which factor imparts crystalline nature to a polymer like nylon?

Options:
A The presence of double bonds in the polymer chain.
B The presence of bulky side groups.
C Strong intermolecular forces like hydrogen-bonding, lead to close packing of chains that imparts crystalline character.
D The use of high temperatures during polymerization.

The correct answer is:
Strong intermolecular forces like hydrogen-bonding, lead to close packing of chains that imparts crystalline character.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Strong intermolecular forces like hydrogen-bonding, lead to close packing of chains that imparts crystalline character.

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET
Which factor is crucial for a battery's practical use related to its weight?

Options:
A Heaviness
B Compactness
C Reasonable lightness
D Voltage variability

The correct answer is:
Reasonable lightness

Solution:
A practical battery should be reasonably light, not heavy.

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET
Which factor is responsible for the high para-selectivity in the bromination of anisole?

Options:
A Steric hindrance
B Resonance stabilisation
C Solvent effect
D Temperature

The correct answer is:
Resonance stabilisation

Solution:
The methoxy group's resonance stabilisation leads to para selectivity.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which factor, known as the Van't Hoff factor, is introduced to account for the extent of dissociation or association of molecules in a solution?

Options:
A Colligative factor
B Molar mass factor
C Dissociation factor
D Van't Hoff factor

The correct answer is:
Van't Hoff factor

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
Van't Hoff factor

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Which factor plays a crucial role in determining whether an alcohol undergoes substitution or elimination during dehydration?

Options:
A The alcohol's colour
B The alcohol's odour
C The alcohol's temperature
D The alcohol's structure

The correct answer is:
The alcohol's structure

Solution:
The structure of the alcohol, specifically the type of alkyl group attached, determines whether substitution or elimination is favoured during dehydration.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which factor primarily affects the stability of substituted ammonium cations in aqueous solution?

Options:
A Molecular weight of the amine
B Electron-donating groups
C Solvation by water molecules
D Steric hindrance of alkyl groups

The correct answer is:
Solvation by water molecules

Solution:
The stability of substituted ammonium cations in aqueous solution is primarily affected by solvation with water molecules.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Which factor primarily determines the basicity of amines?

Options:
A Molecular weight
B Number of carbon atoms
C Ease of cation formation
D Presence of oxygen atoms

The correct answer is:
Ease of cation formation

Solution:
The basicity of amines depends on how easily they can accept a proton (H+) to form a cation.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Which factor primarily determines the nucleophilic reactivity of alcohols?

Options:
A The size of the alcohol molecule
B The strength of the O-H bond
C The availability of lone pairs of electrons on oxygen
D The presence of alkyl groups attached to the alcohol

The correct answer is:
The availability of lone pairs of electrons on oxygen

Solution:
The nucleophilic reactivity of alcohols is primarily determined by the availability of lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atom.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which factor primarily determines the solubility of alkaline earth metal sulfates in water?

Options:
A Lattice enthalpy
B Hydration enthalpy
C Ionic radius
D Electron configuration

The correct answer is:
Hydration enthalpy

Solution:
The solubility of alkaline earth metal sulfates in water is primarily determined by the hydration enthalpy of the metal ions. Higher hydration enthalpies favor greater solubility in water.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Which factor/s is responsible for controlling the rate of decomposition?

Options:
A Climatic factor
B Chemical composition of detritus
C Both A and B
D Nature of detritivores

The correct answer is:
Both A and B

Solution:
Decomposition is largely oxygen requiring process, the rate of decomposition is controlled by the chemical composition of detritus and climatic factors. Warm humid condition promotes the growth of microbes thus increases the rate of decomposition. If detritus is rich in nitrogen and water-soluble substance than the rate of decomposition is fast, if detritus is rich in lignin, cellulose than the rate of decomposition is slow.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Which family do the genus Panthera and Felis belong to among animals?

Options:
A Solanaceae
B Felidae
C Canidae
D Canidae and Felidae

The correct answer is:
Felidae

Solution:
Among animals, genus Panthera, comprising lion, tiger, leopard is put along with genus Felis (cats) in the family Felidae.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Which famous monument in India has been affected by acid rain?

Options:
A Qutub Minar
B Red Fort
C Taj Mahal
D India Gate

The correct answer is:
Taj Mahal

Solution:
The Taj Mahal in India has been affected by acid rain, which has led to damage and discoloration of the monument.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
Which feature of bacteria makes them especially useful in biotechnology?

Options:
A They are often pathogens.
B They have a unique genetic code.
C They have cell walls.
D They reproduce rapidly.

The correct answer is:
They reproduce rapidly.

Solution:
Bacteria acts as useful tool in biotechnology because of following reasons. The genetic code been universal; basic structure of genetic material is same. They are simple organisms, and easy to manipulate. Additionally, they multiply at a rapid rate.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Which field of chemistry is mentioned as the area where coordination compounds provide insights into chemical bonding and molecular structure?

Options:
A Organic chemistry
B Inorganic chemistry
C Analytical chemistry
D Physical chemistry

The correct answer is:
Inorganic chemistry

Solution:
The paragraph states that new concepts of chemical bonding and molecular structure provided by coordination compounds are important in the field of modern inorganic chemistry.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Which field uses coordination compounds in electroplating processes?

Options:
A Medicine
B Agriculture
C Electronics
D Geology

The correct answer is:
Electronics

Solution:
The paragraph states that coordination compounds find applications in electroplating, among other fields.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Which filament is thicker - actin or myosin?

Options:
A Actin
B Both are of equal thickness
C Myosin
D Z-line

The correct answer is:
Myosin

Solution:
The actin filaments are thinner as compared to the myosin filaments. Hence, they are commonly referred to as thin filaments and thick filaments, respectively.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Which fish species has an air bladder that regulates buoyancy and a two-chambered heart?

Options:
A Fighting fish (Betta)
B Angel fish (Pterophyllum)
C Magur (Clarias)
D Sea horse (Hippocampus)

The correct answer is:
Sea horse (Hippocampus)

Solution:
Sea horse, also known as Hippocampus, possess all the characteristics mentioned : an air bladder that regulates buoyancy, a two-chambered heart, etc.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Which fish species is found in both marine and freshwater?

Options:
A Sea horse (Hippocampus)
B Angel fish (Pterophyllum)
C Magur (Clarias)
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Magur (Clarias)

Solution:
Magur, also known as Clarias, is found in both marine and freshwater.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Which focal length of a large convex lens is needed to project the image of a small electric bulb fixed on the wall of a room to the opposite wall, which is 3 meters away?

Options:
A 1.5 m
B 2 m
C 0.75 m
D 4 m

The correct answer is:
0.75 m

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
0.75 m

Topic: Chemistry, Ray Optics, NEET
Which force is experienced by a negative test charge of magnitude 1.5 ×${{10}^{-9}}$ C when placed at a point between two point charges qA = 3 mC and qB = –3 mC, located 20 cm apart in vacuum?

Options:
A 0 N
B 8.1 ×${{10}^{-3}}$ N
C –1.8 × ${{10}^{-3}}$ N
D 9 × ${{10}^{9}}$ N

The correct answer is:
8.1 ×${{10}^{-3}}$ N

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
8.1 ×${{10}^{-3}}$ N

Topic: Chemistry, Electrostatics, NEET
Which force is stronger, the attractive force or the repulsive force, when two hydrogen atoms form a stable molecule?

Options:
A Attractive force is stronger.
B Repulsive force is stronger.
C Attractive and repulsive forces are equal.
D Cannot be determined.

The correct answer is:
Attractive force is stronger.

Solution:
Two hydrogen atoms are said to be bonded together to form a stable molecule having the bond length of 74 pm, which implies that the attractive force is strong enough to overcome the repulsive force.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which forces are involved in holding the drugs to the active site of enzymes?

Options:
A Ionic bonds
B Covalent bonds
C Hydrogen bonds
D Van der Waals forces

The correct answer is:
Hydrogen bonds

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Hydrogen bonds

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Which form of amino acids is more common in nature?

Options:
A D-amino acids
B L-amino acids
C DL-amino acids
D RS-amino acids

The correct answer is:
L-amino acids

Solution:
The most naturally occurring amino acids have L-configuration, making L-amino acids more common in nature.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which form of nitrogenous waste is the most toxic?

Options:
A Urea
B Ammonia
C Uric acid
D Carbon dioxide

The correct answer is:
Ammonia

Solution:
Ammonia is the most toxic form of nitrogenous waste and requires large amounts of water for its elimination.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which form of nitrogenous waste requires the least amount of water for elimination?

Options:
A Ammonia
B Urea
C Uric acid
D Carbon dioxide

The correct answer is:
Uric acid

Solution:
Uric acid, being the least toxic, can be removed with a minimum loss of water.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which form of RNA has a structure resembling clover leaf?

Options:
A $r$ RNA
B $h n$ RNA
C $m$ RNA
D $t$ RNA.

The correct answer is:
$t$ RNA.

Solution:
The $t$ RNA molecule has a distinctive folded structure with three hairpin loops that form the shape of a threeleafed clover. One of these hairpin loops con tains a sequence called the anticodon, which can recognize and decode an $m$ RNA codon. Each $t$ RNA has its corresponding amino acid attached to its end.
Related Theory
The tRNA 5' to 3' primary structure contains the anticodon but in reverse order, since 3' to 5 ' directionality is required to read the mRNA from 5' to 3'. The T arm is a 4- to $5-b p$ stem containing the sequence $T \Psi C$ where $\Psi$ is pseudouridine, a modified uridine.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2004
Which form of sulphur shows paramagnetic behaviour?

Options:
A Rhombic sulphur
B Monoclinic sulphur
C Amorphous sulphur
D Cyclo-sulphur

The correct answer is:
Rhombic sulphur

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Rhombic sulphur

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Which formula represents the relationship between osmotic pressure (P), molarity (
C), gas constant (R), and temperature (T)?

Options:
A P = C + R - T
B P = C × R × T
C P = C - R + T
D P = C × R × T

The correct answer is:
P = C × R × T

Solution:
The formula P = C × R × T represents the relationship between osmotic pressure (P), molarity (

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Which fractions of the visible spectrum of solar radiations are primarily absorbed by carotenoids of the higher plants?

Options:
A blue and green
B green and red
C red and violet
D violet and blue

The correct answer is:
violet and blue

Solution:
The pigments of the chloroplasts are broadly classified into two types - Chlorophylls and carotenoids. As these pigments are involved in the process of photosynthesis, they are also known as photosynthetic pigments. The action spectrum shows that the maximum photosynthesis occurs in the blucviolet and red parts of the light. (Ref. to Fig.)
Related Theory
The absorption spectra of chlorophyll a and b show that maximum light is absorbed by chlorophyll pigments in the blue-violet and red wavelengths. The absorption spectra of chlorophyll $a$ and $b$ are different. Chlorophyll $b$ has an absorption spectrum shifted toward the green wavelengths. Therefore, chlorophyll b can absorb photons that chlorophyll a cannot, greatly increasing the proportion of the photons that plants can harvest, during photosynthesis.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET, NEET 2003
Which frequency produces a sound that can be heard by a person?

Options:
A 100 kHz
B 40 kHz
C 2 kHz
D 30 kHz

The correct answer is:
2 kHz

Solution:
As we know, audible range of frequency of human being 20 Hz â 2000 Hz (20 kHz). Hence, 2 kHz is between 20 Hz and 20 kHz.
Hence, 2 kHz will be heard by the person.
Rest options are all above 20 kHz, hence known as ultrasonic which cannot be detected by human.

Topic: Physics, Waves and Sound, NEET
Which function is not correctly matched with the appropriate phytohormone?

Options:
A Apical hook formation in dicot seedlings: Ethylene
B Increase in the length of grapes stalks: Gibberellin
C Induction of parthenocarpy in tomato: Auxin
D Prevention of nutrient mobilization: Cytokinin

The correct answer is:
Prevention of nutrient mobilization: Cytokinin

Solution:
Cytokinins promote nutrient mobilisation, which helps in the delay of leaf senescence. The ability of gibberellins to cause an increase in length of axis is used to increase the length of grapes stalks. Auxin is used to induce parthenocarpy in tomato. Ethylene stimulates apical hook formation in dicot seedlings.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Which functional group characterises esters?

Options:
A Carbonyl group
B Hydroxyl group (-OH)
C Amine group (-NH2)
D Ester group (-OR)

The correct answer is:
Ester group (-OR)

Solution:
Esters are characterised by the presence of an ester group (-OR) in their structure.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, NEET
Which functional group in aldehydes is responsible for the reaction with Tollens' reagent?

Options:
A Hydroxyl
B Carboxyl
C Carbonyl
D Ester

The correct answer is:
Carbonyl

Solution:
The carbonyl functional group in aldehydes is responsible for their reaction with Tollens' reagent.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, NEET
Which functional group is converted into phenol during the synthesis of phenol from chlorobenzene?

Options:
A Alkene
B Aldehyde
C Halide
D Ether

The correct answer is:
Halide

Solution:
Chlorobenzene, which contains a halide (chlorine) group, is converted into phenol during the synthesis.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which functional group is described as the least reactive among the mentioned functional groups?

Options:
A Alcohols
B Ethers
C Aldehydes
D Amines

The correct answer is:
Ethers

Solution:
The passage states that ethers are the least reactive among the mentioned functional groups.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which functional group is formed as a result of the acidic dehydration of alcohols?

Options:
A Alkyl halide
B Ketone
C Ester
D Alkene

The correct answer is:
Alkene

Solution:
The acidic dehydration of alcohols results in the formation of alkenes as a functional group.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Which functional group is formed as a result of the addition of water to an alkene in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid?

Options:
A Alcohol
B Aldehyde
C Ketone
D Carboxylic acid

The correct answer is:
Alcohol

Solution:
The addition of water to an alkene in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid results in the formation of alcohols.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Which functional group is formed by the treatment of an alkenyl halide with sodamide?

Options:
A Alkane
B Alkene
C Alkyne
D Alkyl halide

The correct answer is:
Alkyne

Solution:
Treatment of an alkenyl halide with sodamide leads to the formation of an alkyne.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Which functional group is formed in the product of the addition reaction of ammonia to aldehydes and ketones?

Options:
A Carbonyl
B Alkene
C Nitrile
D Amine

The correct answer is:
Amine

Solution:
The product of the addition reaction of ammonia to aldehydes and ketones is an amine.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, NEET
Which functional group is formed when an alcohol reacts with an alkyl halide in a nucleophilic substitution reaction?

Options:
A Alkene
B Alkyl halide
C Ether
D Ester

The correct answer is:
Ether

Solution:
When an alcohol reacts with an alkyl halide in a nucleophilic substitution reaction, an ether functional group is formed.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which functional group is formed when concentrated sulphuric acid adds to alkenes under cold conditions?

Options:
A Alkyl halide
B Alkyl hydrogen sulfate
C Alcohol
D Alkane

The correct answer is:
Alkyl hydrogen sulfate

Solution:
Concentrated sulphuric acid adds to alkenes under cold conditions to form the functional group alkyl hydrogen sulfate.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Which functional group is introduced into benzene during nitration?

Options:
A Carboxyl group (-COOH)
B Amine group (-NH2)
C Nitro group (-NO2)
D Hydroxyl group (-OH)

The correct answer is:
Nitro group (-NO2)

Solution:
Nitration of benzene introduces the nitro group (-NO2) into the benzene ring.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Which functional group is introduced into glucose during acetylation?

Options:
A Aldehyde
B Ketone
C Acetyl
D Ester

The correct answer is:
Acetyl

Solution:
Acetylation introduces acetyl groups into glucose.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET