datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Select the correct statements.

A. Tetrad formation is seen during the Leptotene.

B. During Anaphase, the centromeres split and chromatids separate.

C. Terminalization takes place during Pachytene.

D. Nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER are reformed during Telophase.

E. Crossing over takes place between sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options:
A B and E only
B A and C only
C B and D only
D A, C and E only

The correct answer is:
B and D only

Solution:
Tetrad formation occurs during the zygotene stage of meiotic prophase. Hence, statement A is not correct.

Anaphase stage is characterised by the following key events:

Centromeres split and chromatids separate.

Chromatids move to opposite poles.

Hence, statement B is correct.

Terminalisation of chiasma occurs during diplotene, after crossing over at pachytene, and terminalisation completion takes place in diakinesis. Hence, statement C is not correct.

During telophase, the nucleolus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus reappear. Hence, statement D is correct.

Crossing over is the exchange of chromosomal segments between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during the production of gametes. Hence, statement E is not correct.

Hence, option C is correct, i.e, statement B and D is correct.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET, NEET 2023 (All India)
Select the correct statements.

a. The most common form of prion disease that affects sheep is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
b. A prion is a type of glycoprotein that can trigger normal proteins in the liver to fold abnormally.
c. Prions attack nerve cells producing neurodegenerative brain disease.

Options:
A a and b only
B c only
C b only
D a, b and c

The correct answer is:
c only

Solution:
Prions are discovered by Prusiner, these are smallest infectious protein particle which lacks nucleic acid. Prions cause diseases only in animals, no plant diseases caused by prions are reported. A prion is a type of protein that can trigger normal proteins in the brain to fold abnormally. The most common form of prion disease that affects humans is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, where the prions attack nerve cells and produces the neurodegenerative brain disease.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the correct statements about sickle cell anaemia.
(A) There is a change in gene for beta globin.
(B) In the beta globin, there is valine in the place of Lysine.
(C) It is an example of point mutation.
(D) In the normal gene $U$ is replaced by $A$.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options:
A $(A), (B)$ and $(D)$ only
B $(A)$ and $(C)$ only
C $(B)$, $(C)$ and $(D)$ only
D $(B)$ and $(D)$ only

The correct answer is:
$(A)$ and $(C)$ only

Solution:
Sickle cell anaemia is caused by the substitution of Glutamic acid by valine at the sixth position of the beta globin chain of the haemoglobin molecule. It is an example of point mutation. The substitution of amino acid in the globin protein results due to the single base substitution at the sixth codon of the beta globin gene from GAG to GUG.
Thus, option (2) is correct

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
Select the correct statements among the following :
A. Slow neutrons can cause fission in ${ }_{92}^{235} \mathrm{U}$ than fast neutrons.
B. $\alpha$-rays are Helium nuclei.
C. $\beta$-rays are fast moving electrons or positrons.|
D. $\gamma$-rays are electromagnetic radiations of wavelengths larger than X-rays.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Options:
A A, B and C only
B A, B and D only
C A and B only
D C and D only

The correct answer is:
A, B and C only

Solution:
(A) Slow neutron can cause fission in ${ }_{92}^{235} \mathrm{U}$ than fast neutrons because fast neutrons are too quick so they scatter of atoms instead of being captured by them
(B) $\alpha$-rays are Helium nuclei, is a true statement
(C) $\beta$-rays are generated when neutron is converted into proton by releasing electron or proton is converted into neutron by releasing positron.
(D) $\gamma$-rays have higher energies as compared to X -rays. So they have smaller wavelength as compared to X-rays.

Topic: Physics, Nuclear Physics, NEET, NEET 2024 (Re-NEET)
Select the correct statements from the following.

I. Bones support and protect softer tissues and organs.
II. Blood is a fluid connective tissue.
III. Cartilage is a type of specialised muscle tissue.
IV. The bone marrow found in some bones is the site of production of leucocytes.

Options:
A I and II
B I, II, III
C I, II, III and IV
D I, II and IV

The correct answer is:
I, II and IV

Solution:
Cartilage is a type of connective tissue forming soft boy structures of the nose tip, ear pinna. Bone marrow found in long bones are a site for the production of blood cell including white blood cell (leucocytes). Blood is one of the two tissues which is fluid other been the lymph.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Select the CORRECT statements

(i) Between temperature range 0–25oC, rate of respiration doubles for every 10oC rise in temperature.
(ii) Cytochromes are iron-porphyrin compounds.
(iii) Respiratory rate of wounded or injured plant parts generally decreases.

Options:
A (i) and (ii)
B (ii) and (iii)
C (i) and (iii)
D (i), (ii) and (iii)

The correct answer is:
(i) and (ii)

Solution:
Respiration is part of the metabolic process where the nutrients are converted into useful energy for regular cell activities. It is in two mode depending on presence or absence of oxygen. Aerobic respiration is the one where oxygen is involved and anaerobic respiration is the process where oxygen is absent. One of the factor regulating rate of respiration is the temperature and the Q10 temperature co-efficient for respiration in the range of 0–25oC is 2, which means rate of respiration doubles for every 10oC rise in temperature. The rate of change of a biological or chemical system as a consequence of increasing the temperature by 10oC is referred to as Q10 temperature co-efficient which is a value without a unit.
Cytochromes are group of heme proteins and pigment molecules that undergo redox reactions aiding in ATP production in ETC. These are macromolecules made of porphyrin compounds having iron-component.
Respiratory rate of wounded or injured plant parts generally increases as it requires energy for healing and repair.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Select the correct statements regarding dissolved Oxygen and Biochemical oxygen demand.
(A) BOD is inversely related to dissolved oxygen.
(B) Low dissolved oxygen and high BOD lead to loss of aquatic life.
(C) High BOD leads to high dissolved oxygen.
(D) Both BOD and dissolved oxygen are indicator of health of a water body.
(E) Both BOD and dissolved oxygen are affected by amount of organic matter in the water body. Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Options:
A $(A), (B), (C), (D)$ only
B $(B), (C), (D), (E)$ only
C $(A), (B), (C), (E)$ only
D $(A), (B), (D), (E)$ only

The correct answer is:
$(A), (B), (D), (E)$ only

Solution:
BOD is inversely related to dissolved oxygen.
Higher the BOD lower the dissolved oxygen of water body.
$B O D$ and dissolved oxygen is affected by amount of organic matter in water body.
Therefore, statement A, B, D and E are correct.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
Select the CORRECT statement/s regarding heterocysts.

Options:
A These are present in some filamentous cyanobacteria such as Nostoc and Anabaena.
B These cells are specialized to perform N2-fixation.
C These cells contain enzyme nitrogenase.
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
Specialized nitrogen-fixing cells found in some filamentous cyanobacteria are called heterocyst. These are modified to fix atmospheric nitrogen when faced with nitrogen starvation. Heterocyst contains the enzyme nitrogenase which helps in fixing N2 and provides nitrogen for cell biosynthesis. Since nitrogenase gets deactivated in the presence of oxygen, the heterocyst creates a micro-anaerobic environment. These cells undergo certain physiological changes like the presence of three additional cell walls, degradation of PS-II to facilitate the fixing process. Anabaena, Nostoc, etc. are common examples of having heterocyst.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the correct statements regarding mechanism of muscle contraction.
A. It is initiated by a signal sent by CNS via sensory neuron.
B. Neurotransmitter generates action potential in the sarcolemma.
C. Increased $\mathrm{Ca}^{++}$level leads to the binding of calcium with troponin on action filaments.
D. Masking of active site for actin is activated.
E. Utilising the energy from ATP hydrolysis to form cross bridge.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Options:
A B, C and E only
B C, D and E only
C A and D only
D B, D and E only

The correct answer is:
B, C and E only

Solution:
The correct answer is option (1) as muscle contraction is initiated by a signal sent by the CNS via a motor neuron. A neural signal reaching the neuromuscular junction releases a neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) which generates an action potential in the sarcolemma. This spreads through the muscle fibre and causes the release of $\mathrm{Ca}^{2 *}$ into the sarcoplasm. Increase in $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ level leads to the binding of calcium with a subunit of troponin on actin filaments and thereby remove the masking of active sites for myosin. Utilising the energy from ATP hydrolysis, the myosin head now binds to the exposed active sites on actin to form a cross bridge.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET, NEET 2024 (Re-NEET)
Select the CORRECT statements regarding Periplaneta americana.

I. A ring of 6-8 blind tubules called hepatic or gastric caeca is present at the junction of foregut and midgut.
II. The lower lip is called labium and the upper lip is called the labrum.
III. Tegmina are mesothoracic wings that are opaque, leathery, and dark.
IV. It has a vision known as a mosaic vision with more resolution but less sensitivity.

Options:
A I, II and III only
B I, III and IV only
C I, II, III and IV
D III and IV

The correct answer is:
I, II and III only

Solution:
Cockroaches are brown or black bodied animals that are included in class Insecta of phylum Arthropoda. It has two types of wings. Forewings (mesothoracic) called tegmina are opaque dark and leathery and cover the hind wings when at rest. The hind wings are transparent, membranous and are used in flight. The mouthparts consisting of a labrum (upper lip), a pair of mandibles, a pair of maxillae and a labium (lower lip). A ring of 6-8 blind tubules called hepatic or gastric caeca is present at the junction of foregut and midgut, which secrete digestive juice. With the help of several ommatidia, a cockroach can receive several images of an object. This kind of vision is known as a mosaic vision; it has more sensitivity but less resolution is common during the night.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Select the correct statements regarding the figures given below

a b

c
d

(i) a shows asexual reproduction through zoospores in Chlamydomonas.

(ii) b shows sexual reproduction through conidiospores in Peniciilium.

(iii) c shows buds in Hydra.

(iv) d shows gemmules in sponge

Options:
A (i) and (ii)
B (i) and (iii)
C (ii), (iii) and (iv)
D (i), (iii) and (iv)

The correct answer is:
(i), (iii) and (iv)

Solution:
Asexual reproduction is displayed in all given organisms: Penicillium via conidospores, Hydra via budding process, Sponge though gemmule formation (small bud like structure) and Chlamydomonas via zoospores - motile spores.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Select the correct statements regarding the human skeletal system from the statements given below:

I. There are a total of 12 ribs in the human skeletal system.
II. Each limb is made up of 30 bones.
III. The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones.
IV. The wrist bones are 8 in number.

Options:
A I and II
B I and III
C I, III and IV
D II, III and IV

The correct answer is:
II, III and IV

Solution:
The human skeletal system has '12 pairs' of ribs, i.e., a total of 24 ribs. The first 7 pairs are called true ribs. The 8th, 9th, and 10th pairs of ribs do not articulate directly with the sternum but join the seventh rib with the help of hyaline cartilage. The last 2 pairs (11th and 12th) of ribs are not connected ventrally and are, therefore, called floating ribs.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Select the correct statements with regard to sexual reproduction.

i. Sexual reproduction does not always require two individuals
ii. Sexual reproduction generally involves gametic fusion
iii. Meiosis never occurs during sexual reproduction
iv. External fertilization is a rule during sexual reproduction

Options:
A i and iii
B i and ii
C ii and iii
D i and iv

The correct answer is:
i and ii

Solution:
â¢ Sexual reproduction requires male and female gametes (either by same individual or by different individual of the opposite sex).
â¢ Sexual reproduction generally involves gametic fusion.
â¢ Meiosis occurs during sexual reproduction in dipoloid organisms.
â¢ External fertilisation is not a rule during sexual reproduction, internal fertilization also takes place

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Select the correct statement/s with respect to mechanism of sex determination in Grasshopper.
(A) It is an example of female heterogamety.
(B) Male produces two different types of gametes either with or without $\mathrm{X}$ chromosome.
(C) Total number of chromosomes (autosomes and sex chromosomes) is same in both males and females.
(D) All eggs bear an additional $\mathrm{X}$ chromosome besides the autosomes.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Options:
A $(A)$ only
B $(A)$ and $(C)$ only
C $(B)$ and $(D)$ only
D $(A),(C)$ and (D) only

The correct answer is:
$(B)$ and $(D)$ only

Solution:
Grasshopper shows male heterogamety and chromosomal constituent of male is AA + XO and female is $A A+X X$
Males have lesser number of sex chromosomes as compared to females.
Male produce two types of gametes $(\mathrm{A}+\mathrm{X})$ and $(\mathrm{A}+\mathrm{O})$

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
Select the correct statements with respect to poultry farm management.

Options:
A The word poultry is often used to refer to the meat of only birds.
B They typically include chicken and ducks, and sometimes turkey and geese.
C Leghorn is an improved breed of chicken
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
As in dairy farming, selection of disease-free and suitable breeds, proper and safe farm conditions, proper feed and water, and hygiene and health care are important components of poultry farm management. Poultry is the class of domesticated fowl (birds) used for food or for their eggs. They typically include chicken and ducks, and sometimes turkey and geese. The word poultry is often used to refer to the meat of only birds.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Select the correct traits (A -D) chosen by Mendel.

Characters in a pod of Pisum sativum	Dominant	Recessive

1. Colour	P	Q

2. Shape	R	S

Options:
A

P	Q	R	S
Yellow	Green	Inflated	Constricted

B

P	Q	R	S
Green	Yellow	Constricted	Inflated

C

P	Q	R	S
Green	Yellow	Inflated	Constricted

D

P	Q	R	S
Yellow	Green	Constricted	Inflated

The correct answer is:

P	Q	R	S
Green	Yellow	Inflated	Constricted

Solution:
Characters	Contrasting traits
Dominant	Recessive
1. Stem height	Tall	Dwarf
2. Flower colour	Violet	White
3. Flower position	Axial	Terminal
4. Pod shape	Inflated	Constricted
5. Pod colour	Green	Yellow
6. Seed shape	Round	Wrinkled

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Select the correctly matched ones from the following.

I. Nitrosomonas - Nitrite to nitrate
II. Thiobacillus - Denitrification
III. Nostoc - Free-living nitrogen-fixer
IV. Azotobacter - Anaerobic nitrogen-fixer

Options:
A I and II
B III and IV
C II and III
D II and IV

The correct answer is:
II and III

Solution:
Nitrate present in the soil is reduced to nitrogen by the process of denitrification. Denitrification is carried by bacteria Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus.
A number of cyanobacteria such as Anabaena and Nostoc are free-living nitrogen-fixers.
Azotobacter and Beijernickia are free-living nitrogen-fixing aerobic microbes.
Nitrosomonas and/or Nitrosococcus oxidise NH3 to nitrite.
The nitrite is further oxidised to nitrate with the help of Nitrobacter and Nitrocystis.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Select the CORRECTLY matched pair.

Options:
A Ribozyme - Part of smaller subunit of ribosome
B P-site - Contributed by two ribosomal subunits
C E-site - Face the tunnel between two subunits of ribosome
D A-site - Part of smaller subunit of ribosome facing the tunnel site

The correct answer is:
P-site - Contributed by two ribosomal subunits

Solution:
A complex set of enzymes regulate the protein production process. One of the enzymes is peptidyl transferase which forms peptide bonds between amino acids in found on the 50S subunit (larger subunit) of ribosome. It acts a ribozyme.
The process of protein synthesis takes place over the ribosomes. Thus, they are also called protein factories having two unequal parts called subunits. One large subunit and another smaller subunit. A groove is present in the large subunit which pushes the newly formed protein chain out and protects from cellular enzymes.
During the protein synthesis process the small and large subunits come together where the smaller subunit fits over the larger one like a cap but leaves a tunnel for mRNA.
There are three binding sites on ribosomes that bind to the tRNA- P, A and E. The two ribosomal units jointly contribute the P-site (peptidyl transfer or donor site). The acceptor site or amino-acyl site (A-site) is located on the larger subunit and the E-site is found to be facing the tunnel site on larger subunit

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Select the correctly written scientific name of mango, which was first described by Carolus Linnaeus.

Options:
A Magnifera indica Car.Linn
B Magnifera indica Linn
C Magnifera indica
D Magnifera Indicas

The correct answer is:
Magnifera indica Linn

Solution:
The binomial nomenclature was first implemented by Carl Linnaeus, every organism is described by the scientific name comprised of the two names, genus, and species name. The genus name is capitalized and the rest of the letters are small and italicized. So, the correct answer is 'Mangifera indica Linn.'

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
Select the dimensional formula of B22μ0

Options:
A M1L1T2
B M-1L1T2
C M-1L-1T-2
D M1L-1T-2

The correct answer is:
M1L-1T-2

Solution:
B22μ0=Energy density=EnergyVolume
⇒ ML2T-2L3=ML-1T-2

Topic: Physics, Units and Dimensions, NEET
Select the dimensional formula of B22μ0.

Options:
A M1L1T2
B M-1L1T2
C M-1L-1T-2
D M1L-1T-2

The correct answer is:
M1L-1T-2

Solution:
B22μ0=Energy density=EnergyVolume
⇒ ML2T-2L3=ML-1T-2

Topic: Physics, Units and Dimensions, NEET
Select the disease which is caused by recessive autosomal genes when present in homozygous condition.

Options:
A Alkaptonuria
B Albinism
C Cystic fibrosis
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
When a specific disease/condition/defect is inherited through the autosomal chromosomes, such disorders are called autosomal disorders. And they are called as recessive autosomal disorders as these are expressed only in homozygous condition.
For it to occur in an individual, both the parents must have the gene either in heterozygous or homozygous form.
Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary genetic disorder of the respiratory system. It is caused due to mutation in the CFTR gene. This condition occurs in an individual when both the alleles for CFTR are affected.
Albinism is an inherent condition where very low amount of melanin is produced in skin, hair and or eyes. It is also a autosomal recessive disorder which require presence of homozygous condition in the defective gene for expression. In humans, mutation of TRP-1 gene results in the condition.
Alkaptonuria is a rare genetic condition where body is not able to break down homogentisic acid and its accumulation causes formation of black colour urine. It is due to mutation in HGD gene and is a recessive autosomal disorder.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Select the disease which is NOT an auto-immune disorder.

Options:
A Myasthenia gravis
B Rheumatoid arthritis
C Muscular dystrophy
D Grave's disease

The correct answer is:
Muscular dystrophy

Solution:
A condition where the body's own immune system mistakenly attacks the body cells/tissues is called as autoimmune disorder. Mysathenia gravis (neuromuscular disorder where the skeletal muscles are weakened), Grave's disease (hyperthyroidism, overactive thyroid), Rheumatoid arthritis (inflamed joints) are type autoimmune diseases. Muscular dystrophy is genetic disorder which damages and weakens the muscles overtime due to lack of the protein dystropin. This protein is necessary form normal function of the muscle.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Select the distinguishable characters of Ophiura from Balanoglossus :-

Options:
A Has an endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles
B Has water vascular system
C Is radially symmetrical
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
All of the above characters come under the phylum â Echinodermata (eg-Ophiura). But Hemichordates (Balanoglossus) are bilaterally symmetrical animal, and they do not show the above characters.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Select the distinguishable characters of ophiura from balanoglossus.

Options:
A Has an endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles
B Has water vascular system
C Is radially symmetrical
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
Echinodermata are triploblastic and coelomate animals, characterized by the presence of endoskeleton made up of calcareous ossicles, water vascular system, radial symmetry e.g., asterias (starfish), echinus (sea urchin), antedon (sea lily), cucumaria (sea cucumber) and ophiura (brittle star). Hemichordates are a small group of worm-like marine animals with the organ-system level of organization. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, and coelomate
animals. The body is cylindrical and is composed of an
anterior proboscis, a collar, and a long trunk e.g., balanoglossus and saccoglossus.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Select the element $(M)$ whose trihalides cannot be hydrolysed to produce an ion of the form $\left[\mathrm{M}\left(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right)_6\right]^{3+}$

Options:
A $\mathrm{Al}$
B B
C Ga
D In

The correct answer is:
B

Solution:
Boron trihalides cannot be hydrolysed to produce an ion of the form $\left[\mathrm{B}\left(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right)_6\right]^{3+}$ because of absence of $d$ orbitals in boron. The maximum covalence of Boron is 4 .

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
Select the events that occur in the interphase stage of cell-cycle.

a RNA and protein synthesis.
b Cytoplasmic growth.
c Synthesis of spindle fibres protein.
d Disappearance of Golgi body and ER.

Options:
A a and d only
B a, b and c only
C b, c and d only
D c and d only

The correct answer is:
a, b and c only

Solution:
During interphase of cell cycle synthesis of RNA and proteins occurs during G1, S and G2 phase. Cytoplasmic growth occur and synthesis of spindle protein tubulin occurs during G2 phase of interphase. Disappearance of golgi body and ER occurs during prophase of M - phase of cell cycle.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET