datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Choose the odd one w.r.t. ex situ conservation strategies.

Options:
A Zoological parks
B Botanical gardens
C Wildlife safari parks
D Hot spots

The correct answer is:
Hot spots

Solution:
A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity that is threatened by human habitation. The hotspots are in situ conservation strategies.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Choose the only false statement from the following:

Options:
A In conductors the valence and the conduction bands overlap.
B Substance with energy gap of the order of $10 \mathrm{eV}$ are insulators.
C The resistivity of a semiconductor increases with increase in temperature.
D The conductivity of a semiconductor increases with increase in temperature.

The correct answer is:
The resistivity of a semiconductor increases with increase in temperature.

Solution:
The resistivity of a semiconductor decreases with increase in temperature.

Topic: Physics, Semiconductors, NEET, NEET 2005
Choose the option that correctly identifies (A-D) blanks in the statements (I-IV) given below:

I. An embryo develops at the A end of embryo sac.
II. B seed was discovered during the archaeological excavation at King Herodâs palace.
III. C is a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction.
IV. Pollen-pistil interaction is a D process.

Options:
A A â Chalazal; B â Lupinus
B B â Phoenix; C â Amphimixis
C C â Apomixis; D â Dynamic
D A â Micropylar; B â Lupinus

The correct answer is:
C – Apomixis; D – Dynamic

Solution:
Embryo develops at the micropylar end of the embryo sac because the egg is present towards the micropylar end.

Phoenix seed was discovered during the archaeological excavation at King Herodâs palace.

Apomixis is a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction. It is a mechanism to produce seeds without fertilisation. This mechanism produces clones and, hence, can be considered as a form of asexual reproduction.

Pollen-pistil interaction is a dynamic process of pollen recognition followed by promotion or inhibition of the pollen. Chemical components of the pollen interact with those of the pistil.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Choose the option that has only correct statements:
i. Inclusion bodies which are found in prokaryotic cells are not bounded by any membrane system.
ii. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.
iii. Pili are the surface structures of the bacteria which may play a role in motility.
iv. The cell membrane of prokaryotes is structurally similar to the eukaryotes.

Options:
A i, ii, iii and iv
B ii, iii and iv
C i, ii and iv
D i, iii and iv

The correct answer is:
i, ii and iv

Solution:
Besides flagella, pili and fimbriae are also surface structures of the bacteria but do not play a role in motility. The pili are elongated tubular structures made of a special protein. The fimbriae are small bristle-like fibres sprouting out of the cell. In some bacteria, they are known to help attach the bacteria to rocks in streams and also to the host tissues.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Choose the option that is showing the correct sequence of events occurring in each cycle of polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Options:
A Denaturation, extension, primer annealing.
B Primer annealing, denaturation, extension.
C Denaturation, primer annealing, extension.
D Extension, primer annealing, denaturation.

The correct answer is:
Denaturation, primer annealing, extension.

Solution:
The purpose of a PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is to make a huge number of copies of a gene. There are three major steps in a PCR, which are repeated for 30 or 40 cycles. This is done on an automated cycler, which can heat and cool the tubes with the reaction mixture in a very short time. The schematic representation of PCR is as follows:

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Choose the option which accurately represents the characteristics of family Fabaceae.

Flower	Androecium	Ovary	Seed

i.	Bisexual, Actinomorphic	Diadelphous	Superior	Endospermic

ii.	Bisexual, Actinomorphic	Polyadelphous	Inferior	Non-endospermic

iii.	Bisexual, Zygomorphic	Diadelphous	Superior	Non-endospermic

iv.	Bisexual Zygomorphic	Monoadelphous	Inferior	Endospermic

Options:
A i.
B ii.
C iii.
D iv.

The correct answer is:
iii.

Solution:
Family of Fabaceae is also known as sub-family of Leguminosae. In this family, Inflorescence shown is Racemose, flowers are usually bisexual and zygomorphic. Diadelphous type of Androecium is present with (9)+1 arreangement. They have a unilocular superior ovary and non-endospermic type of seed .They are a sub-family of Leguminosae and Moong, Gram, Soya bean are its examples.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Choose the option which rightly labells A, B, C and D in the figure given.

Options:
A A- light chains, B- heavy chain, C- antigen binding sites, D- disulphide bonds
B A- disulphide bonds, B- antigen binding site, C- heavy chains, D- light chains
C A- antigen binding sites, B- light chain, C- heavy chains, D- disulphide bonds
D A- antigen binding sites, B- disulphide bonds, C- light chains, D- heavy chains

The correct answer is:
A- antigen binding sites, B- light chain, C- heavy chains, D- disulphide bonds

Solution:

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Choose the option with the correct labels of the diagram given below.

Options:
A A - Desert, B - Grassland, C - Tundra
B B - Desert, D - Tundra, F - Tropical forest
C C - Coniferous forest, D - Tundra, E - Desert
D A - Tropical forest, B - Temperate forest, E - Grassland

The correct answer is:
A - Tropical forest, B - Temperate forest, E - Grassland

Solution:
The given graph describes the biome distribution of the planet.
A - tropical forest
B - temperate forest
C - coniferous forest
D - artic and alpine tundra
E - grassland
F - desert

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Choose the pairs of organs that are a result of convergent evolution.

i. Wings of butterflies and wings of birds.
ii. Flippers of penguins and flippers of dolphins.
iii. Eyes of octopus and eyes of mammals.
iv. Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita.
v. Sweet potato and potato.
vi. Vertebrate hearts and vertebrate brains.

Options:
A i, ii, v and vi
B i, ii, iii and iv
C i, ii and vi
D i, ii, iii and v

The correct answer is:
i, ii, iii and v

Solution:
Organs that are structurally different but perform the same function are called analogous organs. They are a result of convergent evolution. Examples of analogous organs are wings of butterflies and of birds, the eye of the octopus and of mammals, the flippers of penguins and dolphins, Sweet potato (root modification) and potato (stem modification) etc.
Organs that are structurally similar but perform different functions are called homologous organs. They are a result of divergent evolution. It indicates common ancestry. Homology is seen in vertebrate hearts or brains. It is also seen in the thorn and tendrils of Bougainvillea and Cucurbita.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Choose the part of the uriniferous tubule that shows the presence of cuboidal epithelium with brush border?

Options:
A Proximal convoluted tubule
B Distal convoluted tubule
C Bowman's capsule
D Glomerulus

The correct answer is:
Proximal convoluted tubule

Solution:
In a nephron, PCT has cuboidal epithelium with microvilli (brush border). Hence there is maximum absorption at PCT. DCT has cuboidal epithelium without microvilli, Bowman's capsule has squamous epithelium and Glomerulus is a tuft of fenestrated capillaries with squamous epithelium.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Choose the right one among the statements given below:

Options:
A IUDs are generally inserted by the user herself
B IUDs increase phagocytosis reaction in the uterus
C IUDs suppress gametogenesis
D IUDs once inserted need not be replaced

The correct answer is:
IUDs increase phagocytosis reaction in the uterus

Solution:
Intra-Uterine Devices (IUDs). These devices are inserted by doctors or expert nurses in the uterus through the vagina. These Intra Uterine Devices are presently available as the non-medicated IUDs (e.g., Lippes loop), copper releasing IUDs (CuT, Cu7, Multiload 375) and the hormone-releasing IUDs (Progestasert, LNG-20) (Figure 4.2). IUDs increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus and the Cu ions released suppress sperm motility and the fertilizing capacity of sperms. The hormone-releasing IUDs, in addition, make the uterus unsuitable for implantation and the cervix hostile to the sperms.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Choose the set which depicts only homologous organs.

Options:
A Forelimbs of man, bat, cheetah
B Wings of bats, butterfly and bird
C Sting of honey bee, scorpion and snake
D Tail of rat, peacock and cockroach

The correct answer is:
Forelimbs of man, bat, cheetah

Solution:
Homologous organs are organs which have similar anatomical structure, but perform different functions. Examples of these organs are forelimbs of man, bat and cheetah. All three of these organs have a similar structure anatomically, but they perform different unique functions. Homologous organs indicate common ancestry.
Wings of bats, butterfly and bird perform the same function of flying and are hence not homologous.
Similarly sting of honey bee, scorpion and snake perform similar functions and are hence not homologous.
Likewise, tail of rat, peacock and cockroach perform the similar function of locomotion and hence are not homologous.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Choose the set with the same type of fruits.

Options:
A mango and coconut
B banana and mango
C strawberry and cherry
D plum and blackberry

The correct answer is:
mango and coconut

Solution:
In mango and coconut, the fruit is known as a drupe. They develop from monocarpellary superior ovaries and are one-seeded. In mango, the pericarp is well-differentiated into an outer thin epicarp, a middle fleshy edible mesocarp and an inner stony hard endocarp. In coconut which is also a drupe, the mesocarp is fibrous.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Choose the stable oxidation states of cerium (Ce).

Options:
A +1 and +2
B +3 and +4
C +2 and +3
D +2 and +7

The correct answer is:
+3 and +4

Solution:
Cerium is one of the lanthanides. Electronic configuration of cerium is given below.

Ce58âXe 4f1 5d1 6s2

As per the electronic configuration of cerium, it has the ability to show +2 and +4 oxidation states.

Ce 3+ → Xe 4f 1 5d 0 6s 0 (common in all Lanthenoids)

Ce4+âXe 4f0 5d0 6s0

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Choose the type of semiconductor from the following options for which the electrical conductivity is due to the breaking of its covalent bonds.

Options:
A donor
B acceptor
C intrinsic
D extrinsic

The correct answer is:
intrinsic

Solution:
An intrinsic (pure) semiconductor, also known as an undoped semiconductor, is a pure semiconductor without any significant dopant species present. The number of charge carriers is therefore determined by the properties of the material itself. So the conductivity is only due to the electron-hole pairs which are created by breaking of covalent bonds.

Topic: Physics, Semiconductors, NEET
Choose the wrong statement.

Options:
A zero-velocity of a particle at any instant does not necessarily mean that its acceleration is zero
B zero acceleration of a particle at any instant does not necessarily mean that its velocity is zero
C if the speed of a particle is constant, its acceleration must be zero
D none of the above

The correct answer is:
if the speed of a particle is constant, its acceleration must be zero

Solution:
When a body is released is gravity.
A body moves with uniform velocity.
If the speed of the particle is constant and
a- acceleration is zero. e.g. of particle moves in a fixed direction. velocity = constant, hence acceleration must be zero.
b- acceleration is non-zero. e.g. A particle undergoes circular motion. accelerating particle is acting radially inward.

Topic: Physics, Motion In One Dimension, NEET
Choose the wrong statement.

Options:
A Neurospora is used in the study of biochemical genetics.
B Morels and truffles are poisonous mushrooms
C Yeast is unicellular and useful in fermentation
D Penicillium is multicellular and produces antibiotcs.

The correct answer is:
Morels and truffles are poisonous mushrooms

Solution:
Morels and truffles are edible fungi belonging to class ascomycetes.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Choose the wrong statement.

Options:
A Neurospora is used in the study of biochemical genetics.
B Morels and truffles are poisonous mushrooms
C Yeast is unicellular and useful in fermentation
D Penicillium is multicellular and produces antibiotcs.

The correct answer is:
Morels and truffles are poisonous mushrooms

Solution:
The members of class ascomycetes of the kingdom Fungi are commonly known as 'sac-fungi', they are mostly multicellular (e.g., Penicillium) but some unicellular forms (e.g., Saccharomyces) are also found. They are decomposers, saprophytic, parasitic or coprophilous and have a branched and septate mycelium. Conidia are the exogenously produced asexual spores and these conidia on germination produce mycelium. Ascospores are the sexual spores which are produced endogenously in sac like asci. E.g., morels and truffles are edible delicacies, Neurospora (extensively used in biochemical and genetic work), Claviceps.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
Choose the wrong statement from the following.

Options:
A Neurospora is used in the study of biochemical genetics.
B Morels and truffles are poisonous mushrooms which cannot be consumed.
C Yeast is unicellular and useful economically in fermentation.
D Penicillium is multicellular and used for the production of antibiotics.

The correct answer is:
Morels and truffles are poisonous mushrooms which cannot be consumed.

Solution:
Morels and truffles are Ascomycetes fungi, which are eaten as delicacies. Neurospora is commonly known as Drosophila of plant kingdom and is used as an experimental material in cytogenetical studies. Yeast is unicellular Ascomycetes fungi, which is used in bread and beer making. First antibiotic penicillin was obtained from fungi Penicillium.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Choose the wrong statement from the following.

Options:
A Failure of segregation of chromatids during cell division results in aneuploidy.
B Additional copy of 'X' chromosome in males results in Klinefelter's syndrome.
C Closely located genes in a chromosome always assort independently resulting in recombinations.
D Failure of cytokinesis after DNA replication results in polyploidy.

The correct answer is:
Closely located genes in a chromosome always assort independently resulting in recombinations.

Solution:
On chromosome several genes are present which are arranged in linear manner. Usually genes present on single chromosome have tendency to inherite together in next generation, this process is called Linkage and the genes are called linked genes. This linkage is inversely proportional to distance between genes as well as crossing over.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Choose the WRONG statement.

Options:
A The nuclear force becomes weak if the nucleus contains too many protons compared to the number of neutrons
B The nuclear force becomes weak if the nucleus contains too many neutrons compared to the number of protons
C Nuclei with atomic number greater than 82 show a tendency to disintegrate
D The nuclear force becomes very strong if the nucleus contains a large number of nucleons

The correct answer is:
The nuclear force becomes very strong if the nucleus contains a large number of nucleons

Solution:
With an increase in nucleons, the nuclear force also increases. Hence the correct option is d.

Topic: Physics, Nuclear Physics, NEET
Chorion is composed of

Options:
A Cytotrophoderm
B Syncytial trophoblast
C Outer ectoderm and somatic mesoderm
D All the above

The correct answer is:
Outer ectoderm and somatic mesoderm

Solution:
Chorion is the outermost extra embryonic membrane of amniotes enclosing the embryo and all its other membranes. Chorion is one of the fetal membranes formed during embryonic developmental period between the developing the fetus and the mother. It is formed by extraembryonic mesoderm and the two layers of trophoblast that surround the embryo and other membranes.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Christmas disease is another name for

Options:
A haemophilia B
B hepatitis B
C Down's syndrome
D sleeping sickness

The correct answer is:
haemophilia B

Solution:
Christmas disease, also called haemophilia B or factor IX haemophilia is a genetic disorder caused by missing or defective factor $\mathrm{IX}$, a clotting protein. Haemophilia $\mathrm{A}$ is caused by a lack of the blood clotting factor VIII.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2003
Chromatography was discovered by

Options:
A Kekule
B Pauling
C Rutherford
D Tswett

The correct answer is:
Tswett

Solution:
Chromatography was first employed in Russia by the Italian-born scientist Mikhail Tsvet in 1900.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Chromatophores take part in:

Options:
A Growth
B Movement
C Respiration
D Photosynthesis

The correct answer is:
Photosynthesis

Solution:
Chromatophores are photosynthetic apparatus in prokaryotes. Chromatophores are pigment bearing cells of lower vertebrates, including fish, that supports the ability of individual animals to change their body coloration and pattern.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
Chromium is obtained by reducing concentrated chromite ore with

Options:
A red hot coke
B gaseous hydrogen
C aluminium powder
D carbon monoxide

The correct answer is:
aluminium powder

Solution:
Chromium is obtained by reducing concentrated chromite ore with aluminium powder.
Cr2O3+2Al→2Cr+Al2O3

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Chromosomal theory of inheritance was proposed by:

Options:
A Sutton and Boveri
B Bateson and Punnet
C T. H. Morgan
D Watson and Crick

The correct answer is:
Sutton and Boveri

Solution:
Chromosomal theory of inheritance was independently given by Sutton and Boveri in 1902. The two workers found a close similarly between the transmission of hereditary traits and behaviour of chromosomes while passing from generation to the next through the agency of gametes. Sutton united the knowledge of chromosomal segregation with Mendelian principles and called it the chromosomal theory of inheritance.

T.H. Morgan gave experimental verification to this.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
Chromosome I has ___A___ genes and Y-chromosome has ___B___ genes.

Options:
A A-4968; B-123
B A-9486; B-213
C A-8962; B-231
D A-2968; B-321

The correct answer is:
A-2968; B-321

Solution:
According to the human genome project, the chromosome I have 2968 genes and Y-chromosome has 321 genes. They are the maximum and minimum genes for the human chromosomes.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Chromosomes found in the salivary gland of Drosophila is___________.

Options:
A polytene chromosome
B lampbrush chromosome
C supernumerary chromosome
D B-chromosomes

The correct answer is:
polytene chromosome

Solution:
Polytene chromosome also known as salivary gland chromosome was discovered in the salivary gland of Chironomus insect and later in salivary glands of other insect-like Drosophila. Due to its multi-threaded structure it is also named as a polytene chromosome.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Chromosomes in a bacterial cell can be $1-3$ in number and:

Options:
A are always circular
B are always linear
C can be either circular or linear, but never both within the same cell
D can be circular as well as linear within the same cell

The correct answer is:
are always circular

Solution:
Prokaryotic cells contain their chromosome as circular entity. Usually, the entire genome is a single molecule of circular DNA but often the number may vary up to three.
Related Theory
Bacterial chromosomes and plasmids are double-stranded circular DNA molecules and are often referred to as covalently closed circular DNA, or cccDNA.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2003
Chronic autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue, weakening and paralysis of skeletal muscle is called as:

Options:
A Arthritis
B Muscular dystrophy
C Myasthenia gravis
D Gout

The correct answer is:
Myasthenia gravis

Solution:
This auto-immune disorder is triggered when the acetylcholine receptors on the postsynaptic membrane are destroyed by the immune cells, as a result, the impulse conduction faces difficulty in further carrying out, leading to weakness and paralysis.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2021
Chrysophytes, Euglenoids, Dinoflagellates and Slime moulds are included in the kingdom:

Options:
A Monera
B Protista
C Fungi
D Animalia

The correct answer is:
Protista

Solution:
Protista is a group created by Haeckel which includes all Eukaryotic unicellular organisms. Kingdom Protista is subdivided into - Protozoa-animal-like single-celled organisms. Protophyta- plant-like single-celled organisms and Slime moulds- fungus-like single-celled organisms.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
Churning movement is the characteristic of

Options:
A stomach.
B small intestine.
C mouth.
D large intestine.

The correct answer is:
stomach.

Solution:
The stomach stores the food for 4-5 hours. The food mixes thoroughly with the acidic gastric juice of the stomach by the churning movements of its muscular wall and is called the chyme.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
Cigarette smoking is considered injurious to health. Which of the following chronic respiratory condition can the smoking habit lead to?

Options:
A Asthma
B Respiratory acidosis
C Emphysema
D Pneumonia

The correct answer is:
Emphysema

Solution:
Emphysema is a chronic disorder in which alveolar walls are damaged due to which respiratory surface is decreased. Cigarette smoking is one of the major cause for the condition. Pneumonia is a lung disease commonly caused by the pathogen Streptococcuspneumoniae resulting in increase in lung fluid in breathing passage. Increased levels of CO2 in blood leads to decreased pH caused due to the condition, respiratory acidosis where the individual is not able to exhale enough CO2 . Hence, emphysema is the right choice among other choices.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Ciliated epithelia is found in

Options:
A Ileum and bronchioles
B Bronchioles and oesophagus
C Fallopian tubes and bronchioles
D Fallopian tubes and Ileum

The correct answer is:
Fallopian tubes and bronchioles

Solution:
Ciliated cuboidal epithelial cells and the columnar epithelial cells may possess cilia to move particles or mucus in a specific direction. Examples: Bronchioles, fallopian tubes, etc.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Ciliated motile spores are called

Options:
A aplanospores
B zoospores
C oospores
D conidia

The correct answer is:
zoospores

Solution:
A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion. Zoospores possess distinct types of flagella, the tinsel and whiplash flagella. The whiplash flagellum has a smooth surface while the tinsel flagellum has fine minute hairs or cilia along the axis.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET