datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A One of the major components of cell wall of most fungi is Chitin.
B Lichen is a composite organism formed from the symbiotic association of an algae and a plasmodium.
C Yeast used in making bread and beer is a fungus.
D Mycorrhizae is symbiotic relationship between fungi and roots of some higher plants

The correct answer is:
Lichen is a composite organism formed from the symbiotic association of an algae and a plasmodium.

Solution:
Lichen are composite organism in which algae and fungi lives symbiotically. Algal partner is called phycobiont and the fungal partner is called as mycobiont. In this mutualistic interaction both algae and fungi gets benefit from the interaction and this interaction is obligatory for survival of lichen.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A In birds, the chromosome composition of the sperm determines the sex of the progeny.
B Cystic fibrosis is Mendelian disorder.
C Increase in a whole set of chromosome in an organism is known as polyploidy.
D Down's syndrome is chromosomal disorder and is due to trisomy of chromosome 21st.

The correct answer is:
In birds, the chromosome composition of the sperm determines the sex of the progeny.

Solution:
In birds, ZW mechanism of sex determination is observed in which female is heterogametic and produces two types of gamete. Male has ZZ chromosome and is homogametic and produces only one type of gamete. Thus sex of the progeny is determined by female gamete.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Most of the forests have been lost in tropical areas.
B Ozone in upper part of atmosphere is bad ozone and is harmful to animals.
C Greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon which heats the earths atmosphere.
D Eutrophication is a natural phenomenon in freshwater bodies which causes natural ageing of lakes..

The correct answer is:
Ozone in upper part of atmosphere is bad ozone and is harmful to animals.

Solution:
Ozone present in upper atmosphere forms a distinct layer that is known as ozone layer. Ozone layer is necessary for the survival of life on earth as it blocks harmful UV rays of sun from reaching earth's surface. Bad ozone is pollutant which is present in lower atmosphere in trophosphere.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Select the INCORRECT statement from the following.

Options:
A All biomolecules show turnover in cell.
B There is no uncatalysed reaction in living systems.
C Metabolic pathways are either linear or circular
D Living state is an equilibrium steady state to perform work.

The correct answer is:
Living state is an equilibrium steady state to perform work.

Solution:
All biomolecules have a turn over which means that they are constantly being changed into some other biomolecules and also made from some other biomolecules. Every chemical reaction occurring in the body is a catalysed reaction. There is no uncatalysed metabolic conversion in living systems. Metabolites are converted into each other in a series of linked reactions called metabolic pathways. These metabolic pathways are similar to the automobile traffic in a city. These pathways are either linear or circular. These pathways crisscross each other, i.e., there are traffic junctions. Living state is a non-equilibrium steady-state to be able to perform work.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Most of the parasites are also pathogens.
B Intestinal perforation and death may occur in severe cases of typhoid fever.
C Plague is cause by virus.
D Rhinoviruses cause common cold.

The correct answer is:
Plague is cause by virus.

Solution:
Plague is a bacterial disease which is caused by the bacterium known as Yersinia pestis. It is carried by the fleas found in rodents like rats.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Select the INCORRECT statement from the following.

Options:
A US $ 33 trillion a year is the price tag given to ecosystem services
B The global gross national product is nearly half of the price tag given to ecosystem services.
C Of the total of various ecosystem services, the soil formation accounts for about 50 per cent.
D The cost of climate regulation and habitat for wildlife are about 6 percent together.

The correct answer is:
The cost of climate regulation and habitat for wildlife are about 6 percent together.

Solution:
An American ecological economist, Robert Constanza with his team worked out the monetary value on natural ecosystem services. His work research estimated that ecosystem services cost approx. US $ 33 trillion per year. These services are largely considered free. Of the total cost for the services, nearly 6% each for climate regulation and habitat for wildlife. Together is 12%. Soil formation accounts for 50%.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Rhizobium multiply and colonises the surroundings of roots and gets attached to epidermal and root hair cell.
B Successful infection of the root hair causes it to curl.
C The nodule establishes a direct vascular connection with the host.
D Infection thread carries the bacteria to xylem and phloem.

The correct answer is:
Infection thread carries the bacteria to xylem and phloem.

Solution:
During root nodule formation infection thread carries the bacteria into the cortex of the root, where they initiates the nodule formation in the cortex of the root. Then the bacteria are released from the thread into the cortical cells which leads to differentiation of specialized nitrogen fixing cells. The nodule establishes a direct vascular connection with the host for exchange of nutrients.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Diatoms are microscopic and float passively in water.
B 'Diatomaceous earth' is formed by the cell walls of diatoms, which got deposited in ocean beds.
C Diatoms are chief producers in the oceans.
D The walls of diatoms are easily destructible.

The correct answer is:
The walls of diatoms are easily destructible.

Solution:
Diatoms are marine or freshwater unicellular organisms which have cell walls (frustules) composed of pectin impregnated with silica and consisting of two halves, one overlapping the other. The siliceous frustules of atoms do not decay easily, and siliceous frustules of dead diatoms gets preserved forming Diatomaceous earth.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Morels and truffles are poisonous mushrooms.
B Yeast is unicellular and useful in fermentation.
C Penicillium is multicellular and produces antibiotics.
D Protists have photosynthetic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition

The correct answer is:
Morels and truffles are poisonous mushrooms.

Solution:
Morels and Truffles are ascomycetes fungi with edible ascocarp which is generally subterranean. Yeast is unicellular fungi which is commonly used in fermentation to produce alcoholic beverages. Penicillium is multicellular ascomycetes fungi from which first antibiotic Penicillium was isolated. Protista includes all unicellular eukaryotic organism,

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Cistron is segment of DNA coding for a polypeptide.
B The coding sequence or expressed sequences are defined as exons
C Introns or intervening sequences appears in mature or processed RNA
D Split gene arrangement is present in eukaryotes.

The correct answer is:
Introns or intervening sequences appears in mature or processed RNA

Solution:
Segment of DNA that carries complete information for synthesis of a polypeptide is called structural gene or cistron. In eukaryotes cistron shows split gene arrangement, it consists of functional region called exon and the non functional region called introns. During the process of splicing the introns are cut and removed and only exons are joined to form functional mRNA.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A In some flowering plants, both male and female flowers may be present on same individual, it is monoecious
B Monoecious plants are cucurbita and coconut.
C Dioecious plants are papaya and date palm
D In several fungi and plants homothallic and monoecious are used to denote unisexual condition.

The correct answer is:
In several fungi and plants homothallic and monoecious are used to denote unisexual condition.

Solution:
Monoecious term is used for plant in which both male and female flowers are produced on same plant. Dioecious term is used when male and female flowers are produced on different plant. In several fungi and plants homothallic and monoecious condition is used to denote bisexual condition and heterothallic and dioecious is used to denote unisexual condition.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Select the INCORRECT statement from the following.

Options:
A Many insects may consume pollen or nectar without bringing about pollination.
B In some species, pollen release and stigma receptivity are not synchronised.
C In several species, such as papaya, male and female flowers are present on different plants.
D Pollination always guarantees the transfer of the right type of pollen.

The correct answer is:
Pollination always guarantees the transfer of the right type of pollen.

Solution:
Pollination is the process of transfer of pollen grains from anther to the stigma of the flower. Pollination does not guarantee the transfer of the right type of pollen. Many a times, pollen of the wrong type may land on the stigma of the flower. Although, the pistil of flower can identify the pollen of its own type (compatible) or not.
The pollen grain and nectar made by the plants are consumed by the insect visiting their flower without supporting in pollination. Such insects are referred to as nectar robbers or pollen robbers.
Many plants who have bisexual flowers have devices to avoid self-pollination. One such process or device is pollen release and stigma receptivity are not synchronised.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Trophic level represents a functional level, not a species level as such.
B The pyramid of biomass in sea is generally inverted.
C Pyramid of biomass is inverted for tree and forest ecosystems.
D Energy at a lower trophic level is always more than at a higher level.

The correct answer is:
Pyramid of biomass is inverted for tree and forest ecosystems.

Solution:
Pyramid of Biomass in tree ecosystem and forest ecosystem is upright as the biomass of a tree is always more than the consumer present on the tree. Similarly biomass of producers in growing in a forest ecosystem is always more than the consumers present in the forest.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A In spring season cambium is more active and produces a large quantity of xylem having vessels with wider lumen.
B The spring wood is also known as early wood.
C In winter, the cambium is less active and forms less xylem elements having narrow vessels this is called autumn wood or late wood.
D The spring wood is dark in colour and has lower density.

The correct answer is:
The spring wood is dark in colour and has lower density.

Solution:
In spring season cambium is more active and produces large quantity of xylem having vessels with wider lumen. The wood formed during this season is called spring wood or early wood. In winter, the cambium is less active and forms fewer xylary elements that have narrow vessels, and this wood is called autumn wood or late wood. The spring wood is lighter in colour and has a lower density whereas the autumn wood is darker and has a higher density.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Bird flu, which is normally seen as a common disease of domesticated fowls, is a viral disease.
B Outcrossing is the practice of animal mating within the same breed, with no common ancestors on either side of their pedigree up to 4-6 generations.
C Rohu and common carp are some common freshwater fishes used for consumption.
D Pusa Komal is a crop variety of chilli which is resistant to bacterial blight.

The correct answer is:
Pusa Komal is a crop variety of chilli which is resistant to bacterial blight.

Solution:
Pusa Komal is crop variety of cowpea, which is resistant to bacterial blight. Crop varieties as such are bred by hybridisation and selection, for disease resistance to fungi, bacteria and viral diseases.

Crop	Variety	Resistance to diseases

Cowpea	Pusa Komal	Bacterial blight

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A More than 70% of all species recorded are animals.
B Plants (including algae, fungi, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms) comprise no more than 22% of the total.
C Among animals insects are the most species rich taxonomic group.
D Birds are less than the number of mammals.

The correct answer is:
Birds are less than the number of mammals.

Solution:
The biodiversity of birds is more than the biodiversity of the mammals, around 9700 birds, and 4650 mammals are present on the earth. Among animals insects are the most species-rich taxonomic group, making up to 70% of the total animals.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A During oxidation within a cell all the energy contained in respiratory substrate is released free into the cell.
B Energy is released in a series of slow step wise reactions controlled by enzymes.
C Energy is trapped as chemical energy in the form of ATP.
D Energy released by oxidation, in respiration is not used directly.

The correct answer is:
During oxidation within a cell all the energy contained in respiratory substrate is released free into the cell.

Solution:
During oxidation within a cell, all the energy contained in the respiratory substrate is not released free into the cell. Some of it is trapped in the form of high energy phosphate bonds to form ATP and a large amount of it is lost in the form of heat.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Characters are controlled by discrete unit called factors
B Factors occurs in pair
C In a similar pair of factor one member of the pair dominates (dominant) the other (recessive)
D homozygous parent produces all gametes that are similar

The correct answer is:
In a similar pair of factor one member of the pair dominates (dominant) the other (recessive)

Solution:
Character is controlled by discrete unit called as factor which occurs in pair. In a dissimilar pair of factor (Aa) one member of the pair dominates and is known as dominant allele and the other recessive is known as recessive allele. Homozygous parent produces only one type of gamete.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A The HGP was a 13 year project.
B The fragments of DNA were sequenced using automated DNA sequencer that worked on the principle developed by Sanger
C The sequence of chromosome 1 was completed in May 2003.
D Less than 2% of the genome codes for protein.

The correct answer is:
The sequence of chromosome 1 was completed in May 2003.

Solution:
Human Genome Project was a 13-year mega project of sequencing the human genome. For sequencing, the total DNA from a cell is isolated and converted into random fragments of relatively smaller sizes.These fragments were sequence using automated DNA sequencer that worked on the principle developed by Sanger. The sequencing of chromosome 1 was completed in May 2006.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Flower with inferior ovary is called epigynous flower.
B Free central and axile placentations are found in Primrose and Dianthus, respectively
C Sunhemp is a fibre yielding plant consists of diadelphous stamens
D In castor and maize seeds are endospermic.

The correct answer is:
Free central and axile placentations are found in Primrose and Dianthus, respectively

Solution:
Free central placentation is found in both Dianthus and Primerose. Axile palcentation is found in tomato, lemon and Ladyfinger. Sunhemp is a fibre yielding plant of Fabaceae family thus shows Diadelphous stamen.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following

Options:
A linkage is an exception to the principle of independent assortment in heredity
B galactosemia is an inborn error of metabolism
C small population size results in random genetic drift in a population
D baldness is a sex limited trait

The correct answer is:
baldness is a sex limited trait

Solution:
Baldness is not a sex-limited trait.
Linkage is an exception to the principle of independent assortment in heredity.
Galactosemia is a hereditary disease that is caused by the lack of a liver enzyme required to digest galactose.
Small population size results in random genetic drift in population.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
Select the incorrect statement from the following about the anatomy of angiosperms.

Options:
A The cells of medullary rays, adjoining the intrafascicular cambium becomes meristematic and forms interfascicular cambium.
B In isobilateral leaf, the mesophyll is undifferentiated into palisade and spongy parenchyma.
C Vascular bundles in a dicot stem are arranged in a scattered manner.
D Bulliform cells are observed in the leaves of some monocots.

The correct answer is:
Vascular bundles in a dicot stem are arranged in a scattered manner.

Solution:
Vascular bundles in dicot stem are conjoint, collateral and open, they are arranged in ring around the central pith. Scattered vascular bundles are present in monocot stem in which ground tissue is undifferentiated.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Select the incorrect statement in the following.

Options:
A Multipolar neurons are found in the cerebral cortex.
B Unipolar neurons have cell body with one axon only.
C The myelinated nerve fibres are enveloped with Schwann cells.
D The postsynaptic neurons are filled throughout with neurotransmitters-containing vesicles.

The correct answer is:
The postsynaptic neurons are filled throughout with neurotransmitters-containing vesicles.

Solution:
Axon of a neuron is a long fibre which is branched at its distal end. Each branch ends into a bulb-like structure, which is termed as synaptic knob. Synaptic knob has synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitters.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Select the incorrect statement in the following.

Options:
A Multipolar neurons are found in Cerebral cortex.
B Unipolar neuron had cell body with one axon only.
C The myelinated nerve fibres are enveloped with Schwann cells.
D The post synaptic neurons are filled with neurotransmitter containing vesicles.

The correct answer is:
The post synaptic neurons are filled with neurotransmitter containing vesicles.

Solution:
At a chemical synapse, the membranes of the pre- and post-synaptic neurons are separated by a fluid-filled space called synaptic cleft. Chemicals called neurotransmitters are involved in the transmission of impulses at these synapses. The axon terminals of the pre-synaptic neuron contain vesicles filled with these neurotransmitters. When an impulse (action potential) arrives at the axon terminal, it stimulates the movement of the synaptic vesicles towards the membrane where they fuse with the plasma membrane and release their neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft. The released neurotransmitters bind to their specific receptors, present on the post-synaptic membrane.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Select the incorrect statement regarding inbreeding.

Options:
A Inbreeding helps in the elimination of deleterious alleles from the population
B Inbreeding is necessary to evolve a pureline in any animal
C Continued inbreeding reduces fertility and leads to inbreeding depression
D Inbreeding depression cannot be overcome by outcrossing

The correct answer is:
Inbreeding depression cannot be overcome by outcrossing

Solution:
The incorrect statement regarding inbreeding is the option (d). It is because continuous inbreeding among cattle causes inbreeding depression. It decreases the fertility and even productivity of an animal. It can be overcome by applying outbreeding in which mating is done between different breeds or individuals of the same breed but having no common ancestors.
Outbreeding includes outcrossing, cross-breeding and interspecific hybridisation.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Select the incorrect statement regarding microsporogenesis in an anther.

Options:
A The developing microspore completely consumes tapetum and middle layer.
B The microspores, as they are formed, are arranged in a cluster of four cells–the microspore tetrad
C Each microsporogenesis involves one meiosis and three mitosis
D A large number of microspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to form microspore in one pollen sac

The correct answer is:
Each microsporogenesis involves one meiosis and three mitosis

Solution:
Microsporogenesis is the process of the formation of microspore by involving meiosis. The microspore then forms pollen grains, which are male gametophytes. Pollen grains then undergo one mitotic division to form male gametes, and the process is known as microgametogenesis.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Select the incorrect statement regarding synapses:

Options:
A Electrical current can flow directly from one neuron into the other across the electrical synapse
B Chemical synapses use neurotransmitters
C Impulse transmission across a chemical synapse is always faster than that across an electrical synapse
D The membranes of presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons are ibn close proximity in an electrical synapse

The correct answer is:
Impulse transmission across a chemical synapse is always faster than that across an electrical synapse

Solution:
The major difference between a chemical and an electrical synapse is that in a chemical synapse, the nerve impulse is transmitted chemically via neurotransmitters, whereas in an electrical synapse a nerve impulse is transmitted electrically via channel proteins.

Chemical synapses use the release of chemical neurotransmitters to propagate signals from one neuron (presynaptic) to another (postsynaptic). The electrical synapses are specialised connections between neurons that facilitate direct ionic and small metabolite communication. Hence, the electrical synapses are very faster and are found in all nervous systems, especially in the human brain.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 1)