datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Read the following statements and choose the correct one from the options given below.

(i) Hydroponics is the practice of growing plants in nutrient-enriched water, without soil.
(ii) Hydroponics has been successfully employed as a technique for the commercial production of vegetables such as tomato.
(iii) Hydroponics methods require purified water and non-mineral nutrient salts.
(iv) The nutrient solutions should not be aerated to obtain optimum growth.

Options:
A (i) and (iii) only
B (i) and (ii) only
C (i), (iii) and (iv) only
D (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

The correct answer is:
(i) and (ii) only

Solution:
The technique of growing plants in a nutrient solution is known as hydroponics. The essence of all these methods involves the culture of plants in a soil-free, defined mineral solution. These methods require purified water and mineral nutrient salts. Hydroponics has been successfully employed as a technique for the commercial production of vegetables such as tomato, seedless cucumber and lettuce. It must be emphasised that the nutrient solutions must be adequately aerated to obtain the optimum growth.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Read the following statements and choose the correct ones.

a In algae and fungi, both gametes are mostly non-motile.

b In most of the organisms, fertilization is external.

c In most of higher organisms, female gamete is stationary.

Options:
A All are correct.
B b and c are correct
C a and b are correct.
D Only c is correct.

The correct answer is:
Only c is correct.

Solution:
Being aquatic algal members produce motile, flagellated male gametes in green and brown alga. Female gametes in higher organisms is stationary and fertilization is internal.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Read the following statements and choose the correct option:

A. The first heart sound (lub) is associated with the closure of both semilunar valves.
B. The duration between the adjacent second heart sound and first heart sound is 0.3 seconds
C. The cardiac output is the stroke volume multiplied by the number of heartbeats per minute.

Options:
A A, B and C are correct
B A, C are correct but B is incorrect
C A is correct but B, C are incorrect
D A, B are incorrect but C is correct

The correct answer is:
A, B are incorrect but C is correct

Solution:
The first heart sound (lub) is associated with the closure of the tricuspid and bicuspid valves, which occurs at the beginning of ventricular systole of a cardiac cycle.
The duration between the adjacent second heart sound (dub) and first heart sound (lub) is 0.5 seconds.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Read the following statements and choose the correct option:

i. Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a pathogen of several monocot plants, is able to deliver a piece of DNA known as "T-DNA".
ii. The tumor inducing (Ti) plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been modified into a cloning vector, which is no more pathogenic to the plants.

Options:
A

Both i and ii are correct

B

i is correct, while ii is incorrect

C

i is incorrect, while ii is correct

D

Both i and ii are incorrect

The correct answer is:

i is incorrect, while ii is correct

Solution:
Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a pathogen that causes crown gall disease in most of the dicots. The organism delivers a piece of DNA called T-DNA that transforms normal plant cells into tumor cells. The tumor-inducing genes are deleted, this modified Ti plasmid is used as a cloning vector.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Read the following statements and choose the correct option.

(i) An increase in melanized moths after industrialization in Great Britain is proof of natural selection.

(ii) When more individuals of a population acquire a mean character value, it is called disruption.

(iii) Changes in allelic frequency in a population will lead to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

(iv) Genetic drift changes the existing gene or allelic frequency in future generations.

Options:
A only ii is correct
B only i and iv are correct
C only i and ii are correct
D only i and iii are correct

The correct answer is:
only i and iv are correct

Solution:
Natural selection is an important factor for evolution. The classic example is industrial melanism. Before industrial melanism white moth was favored over black or melanized moth by nature but after industrialization due to black soot on the branches the black moth survived well. This shows due to natural selection one type was favored over the other. Such natural selection can be of three types: balancing or stabilizing, disruptive and directional. When more individuals of a population acquire a mean character value, it is called a stabilized population. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium explains that if there is no change in the frequency of alleles there will be no evolution taking place. But many factors like genetic drift, migration intervenes with the changes in allelic frequency and thus H-W equilibrium is disturbed.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Read the following statements and choose the correct option.

(i) Mycoplasma lacks a cell membrane.
(ii) Mycoplasma are the smallest living cells to exist on the planet.
(iii) Mycoplasma survives only without oxygen.

Options:
A (i) and (iii) correct
B (ii) and (iii) incorrect
C (i) and (ii) incorrect
D (ii) and (iii) Incorrect

The correct answer is:
(i) and (ii) incorrect

Solution:
Mycoplasma lack cell wall and it can survive in the absence of oxygen and it is the smallest living cell to exist. It causes disease in both plants and animals. Size may range from 0.1 µ - 0.3 µ.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Read the following statements and choose the correct option Statement 1: Atria receive blood from all parts of the body which subsequently flows to ventricles. Statement 2: Action potential generated at the sino-atrial node passes from atria to ventricles.

Options:
A Action mentioned in Statement 1 is dependent on action mentioned in Statement 2
B Action mentioned in Statement 2 is dependent on action mentioned in Statement 1
C Action mentioned in Statements 1 and 2 is independent of each other.
D Action mentioned in Statements 1 and 2 is synchronous.

The correct answer is:
Action mentioned in Statement 2 is dependent on action mentioned in Statement 1

Solution:
Atria receive blood from all parts of the body which subsequently flows to ventricles due to this, Action potential generated at the sino-atrial node passes from atria to ventricles.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Read the following statements and choose the incorrect statement.

Options:
A Mango tree do not and cannot grow in tropical countries like Canada and Germany
B Snow leopards are not found in Kerala forests
C Tuna fish are rarely caught beyond tropical latitudes in the ocean.
D Both A  and  C are correct

The correct answer is:
Mango tree do not and cannot grow in tropical countries like Canada and Germany

Solution:
Every organisms have ability to adapt with organisms and every organisms can grow optimally in suitable environment or habitat. Like for growth of mango trees comparatively high temperature is required which can be available in tropical regions. Canada and Germany are included in a temperate region where higher temperature can not be obtained.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Read the following statements and choose the part of brain for which it is valid. I. Located between hypothalamus and pons. II. Cerebral aqueduct passes through this.

Options:
A Forebrain
B Mid brain
C Hind brain
D Medulla

The correct answer is:
Mid brain

Solution:
The midbrain is located between the thalamus/hypothalamus of the forebrain and pons of the hindbrain. A canal called the cerebral aqueduct passess through the midbrain.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Read the following statements and choose the set of correct statements:
In the members of Phaeophyceae,
A. Asexual reproduction occurs usually by biflagellate zoospores.
B. Sexual reproduction is by oogamous method only.
C. Stored food is in the form of carbohydrates which is either mannitol or laminarin.
D. The major pigments found are chlorophyll a, c and carotenoids and xanthophyll.
E. Vegetative cells have a cellulosic wall, usually covered on the outside by gelatinous coating of algin
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options:
A B, C, D and E only
B A, C, D and E only
C $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}$ and E only
D A, B, C and D only

The correct answer is:
A, C, D and E only

Solution:
In members of Phaeophyceae sexual reproduction is by oogamous, isogamous or anisogamous methods.
Therefore correct set of statements are A, C, D and E.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2024
Read the following statements and choose the statements which are incorrect.

a Blood cells secrete fibres of structural proteins called collagen or elastin.
b Neuroglial cells protect and support the nephrons.
c Osteocytes are present in spaces called lacunae.
d Striated muscle fibres are bundled together in a parallel fashion.
e Biceps are involuntary and striated.

Options:
A c and d
B b and d
C a and c
D a, d and e

The correct answer is:
a, d and e

Solution:
Blood is a specialized fluid connective tissue as it lacks fibres. Neuroglial cells are supporting cells of nervous system and forms more than half of total cells in this system. Osteocytes and Chondrocytes are present in spaces known as lacunae and these are present in the matrix. Lacunae of osteocytes also show presence of canaliculi which is absent in lacunae of chondrocytes. Striated muscle bundles are not in parallel fashion. Biceps are skeletal muscles and hence show striations and are voluntary in function.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Read the following statements and find out the INCORRECT statement.

Options:
A Cockroach has mosaic vision.
B In cockroach, brain supplies nerves to antennae and compound eyes.
C Fat body, nephrocytes and uricose glands also helps in excretion in cockroach.
D Male cockroach bears one ootheca that is a dark reddish to
blackish brown capsule, about 3/8" (8 mm) long.

The correct answer is:
Male cockroach bears one ootheca that is a dark reddish to
blackish brown capsule, about 3/8" (8 mm) long.

Solution:
Cockroaches belong to phylum Arthropoda and class Insecta. The body is divided into head, thorax, and abdomen. Head bears compound eyes that are responsible for mosaic vision because each eye has many lenses. The brain is in the form of ganglia and nerves arise from these ganglia to supply eyes and antennae. Nephrocytes are major structures for excretion. Fat bodies and uricose glands in males are also for the same function. The ootheca is a dark reddish to blackish brown capsule, about 3/8" (8 mm) long in female reproductive structure, where the collateral glands secrete oothecal cover.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Read the following statements and find out the INCORRECT statement.

Options:
A In an animal cell, cytokinesis is achieved by the appearance of a furrow in the plasma membrane.
B Furrow formation starts in the centre of cell and grows outward to meet the existing lateral walls.
C Cell plate represents the middle lamella between the walls of two adjacent plant cells.
D During cytokinesis, organelles like mitochondria and plastids get distributed between the two daughter cells.

The correct answer is:
Furrow formation starts in the centre of cell and grows outward to meet the existing lateral walls.

Solution:
Cytokinesis is the final step in cell division. Cleavage furrow forms at the equatorial cortex after anaphase. This furrow advances inwards to separate the two daughter cells. Furrow formation is done by actin-myosin filaments within the equatorial region to form cleavage during early anaphase. Various organelles are distributed between the newly formed two daughter cells.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Read the following statements and find out the INCORRECT statement.

a Both a short day plant and a long day plant can flower simultaneously in a given place.

b Sugar beet, cabbage, and carrot are common biennials.

c Some important food plants, wheat, barley, and rye have three kinds of varieties: winter, summer, and spring varieties.

d Vernalisation promotes precocious reproductive development late in the growing season and enables the plant to have sufficient time to reach maturity

e Many of the extrinsic factors such as temperature and light, control plant growth and development

Options:
A a and b
B b and c
C c and d
D d and e

The correct answer is:
c and d

Solution:
The group of plants requiring less time of exposure to light are known as short-day plants whereas those which require longer duration are known as long-day plants, these plants can grow simultaneously in the same place. Vernalisation is a phenomenon which promotes flowering by preventing early reproductive development and giving the plants time to reach maturity. The food plants have two varieties, winter and spring. Vernalisation is also seen in biennials like sugarbeet, carrot and cabbage. The plant growth and development depends on many factors like temperature, light and water.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Read the following statements and find out the INCORRECT statement.

a During urine formation, the tubular cells secrete substance like H+, Na+ and HCO3- into the filtrate.

b As glomerular filtrate move down in descending limb of henle it gets concentrated and as concentrated filtrate pass upward in ascending limb of HL it gets diluted.

c Conditional reabsorption of Na+ and water takes place in PCT.

d Reabsorption in ascending limb of HL is minimum.

Options:
A a and b
B b and c
C c and d
D a and c

The correct answer is:
a and c

Solution:
Urine formation involves Ultrafiltration, Selective reabsorption and Tubular secretion. Henle's loop consists of descending and ascending limbs. Descending limb absorbs water and thus filtrate gets concentrated while ascending limb absorbs sodium and thus filtrate gets diluted. Reabsorption of sodium and water takes place in distal convulated tubules as ADH acts on it. The substances that are secreted from tubular cells are Hydrogen, ammonia and potassium.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Read the following statements and find out the INCORRECT statement.

a. Mons pubis is a cushion of fatty tissue covered by skin and pubic hair.
b. The labia minora are fleshy folds of tissue, which extend down from the mons pubis and surround the vaginal opening only.
c. The opening of the vagina is often covered partially by a membrane called the hymen.
d. The clitoris lies at the upper junction of two labia majora above the urethral opening.
e. The presence or absence of a hymen is a reliable indicator of virginity or sexual experience.

Options:
A b, d and e
B b, c and d
C b, c and d
D a, c and e

The correct answer is:
b, d and e

Solution:
Mons pubis is a cushion of fatty tissue that is covered by skin and pubic hair and more prominent in female. It provides cushioning during sexual intercourse. The labia majora are fleshy folds of tissue, which extend down from the mons pubis and surround the vaginal opening only. The labia minora form the two small folds of skin of the vulva. It lacks fatty tissue. The opening of the vagina is often covered partially by a membrane called hymen. The presence or absence of hymen is NOT a reliable indicator of virginity or sexual experience. Hymen is a very thin membrane that can be broken by exersion caused due to heavy exercise. The clitoris lies at the upper junction of two labia minora above the urethral opening. It is an erectile structure homologous to the male penis.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Read the following statements and find out the INCORRECT statement.

a. Plant growth is unique because plants retain the capacity for unlimited growth throughout their life.
b. Growth, at a cellular level, is principally a consequence of the increase in the amount of protoplasm.
c. One single maize root apical meristem can give rise to more than 3,50,000 new cells per hour, whereas cells in watermelon may increase in size by up to 17,500 times.
d. Environmental signals such as light, temperature and gravity also affect certain phases or stages of growth.
e. In geometric growth, following mitotic cell division, only one daughter cell continues to divide while the other differentiates and matures.

Options:
A bÂ andÂ d
B cÂ andÂ a
C aÂ andÂ e
D c and e

The correct answer is:
c and e

Solution:
In arithmetic growth, following mitotic cell division, only one daughter cell continues to divide while the other differentiates and matures. In geometrical growth, the initial growth is slow (lag phase), and it increases rapidly thereafter â at an exponential rate (log or exponential phase). One single maize root apical mersitem can give rise to more than 17,500 new cells per hour, whereas cells in a watermelon may increase in size by up to 3,50,000 times.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Read the following statements and find out the INCORRECT statement for a cockroach.

Options:
A The blood (haemolymph) is composed of colourless plasma and haemocytes.
B Heart of cockroach consists of an elongated muscular tube lying along mid-ventral line of thorax and abdomen.
C The hindgut is broader than midgut and differentiated into ileum, colon and rectum.
D Both gizzard and mandible help in grinding the food particles.

The correct answer is:
Heart of cockroach consists of an elongated muscular tube lying along mid-ventral line of thorax and abdomen.

Solution:
The heart of cockroach consists of an elongated muscular tube which lies along the mid-dorsal line of the thorax and abdomen.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Read the following statements and find out the INCORRECT statement.

Options:
A Rauwolfia vomitoria is a medicinal plant.
B Rauwolfia vomitoria is growing in different Himalayan ranges.
C India has more than 50,000 genetically different strains of rice.
D In India, 10,000 varieties of mango are found.

The correct answer is:
In India, 10,000 varieties of mango are found.

Solution:
A particular species displaying variations at the genetic level at different regions are distribution comes under genetic diversity. India has mango varieties which is approximately 1000 varieties and for rice approximately 50000 varieties. Rauwolfia vomitoria is a medicinal plant found in the Himalayan ranges of India.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Read the following statements and find the number of CORRECT statements.

P. Cancerous cells compete with normal cells for nutrients.
Q. With repeated use of drugs, the tolerance level of the receptors present in our body increases.
R. Cocaine enhances the action of the neurotransmitter dopamine.
S. Cannabinoids are abused by sportspersons.

Options:
A One
B Two
C Three
D Four

The correct answer is:
Two

Solution:
R. Coca alkaloid or cocaine is obtained from coca plant Erythroxylum coca, native to South America. It interferes with the transport of the neurotransmitter dopamine.
S. Another misuse of drugs is what certain sportspersons do to enhance their performance. They (mis)use narcotic analgesics, anabolic steroids, diuretics and certain hormones in sports to increase muscle strength and bulk and to promote aggressiveness and as a result increase athletic performance.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Read the following statements and identify the characters related to the alga shown in the diagram:
(a) It is a member of Chlorophyceae
(b) Food is stored in the form of starch
(c) It is a monoecious plant showing oogonium and antheridium
(d) Food is stored in the form of laminarin or mannitol
(e) It shows dominance of pigments chlorophyll a, c and Fucoxanthin.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Options:
A (a) and (b) only
B (a), (b) and (c) only
C (a), (c) and (d) only
D (c), (d) and (e) only

The correct answer is:
(a), (b) and (c) only

Solution:
The given figure is of Chara, a green algae of family chlorophyceae, pigments are chl a, b and carotene. Stored food material is in the form of starch. It is monoecious and contain Oogonium (female sex organ) and Antheridium (male sex organ).

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 2)
Read the following statements and identify the correct ones regarding polysaccharides.

1. Polysaccharides are made of many sugars joined together.
2. Cellulose is a polysaccharide made of less than 10 monomeric units.
3. Polysaccharides are found as a part of the acid insoluble pellet.
4. In a polysaccharide chain, the right end is called reducing end and the left end is called non-reducing end.

Options:
A All are correct
B All except 2
C Only 1 and 4
D Only 2

The correct answer is:
All except 2

Solution:
Polysaccharides (type of carbohydrates) comes under the class of macromolecules. Macromolecules form the part of retentate (acid insoluble fraction) when a living tissue is treated with trichloroacetic acid. Polysaccharides form long chains of sugars made by joining same or different monosaccharides together. Cellulose is a polysaccharide having more than 10 units of only one type of monosaccharide - glucose. In a polysaccharide chain (say glycogen), the right end is called the reducing end and the left end is called the non-reducing end as the right end cannot reduce oxidizing agents. Thus, only statement 2 is incorrect.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Read the following statements and identify the incorrect one.

Options:
A The movements exhibited by macrophages and leucocytes and cytoskeletal elements like microfilaments are examples of the same type of movement.
B The activity of muscles located in the reproductive tract is not under the voluntary control of the nervous system.
C In the muscle fibers which have less quantity of myoglobin, the number of mitochondria as well as sarcoplasmic reticulum is also less.
D The bones of the limbs along with their girdles constitute the appendicular skeleton.

The correct answer is:
In the muscle fibers which have less quantity of myoglobin, the number of mitochondria as well as sarcoplasmic reticulum is also less.

Solution:
Macrophages and leucocytes as well as cytoskeletal elements like microfilaments, both show amoeboid movement. The muscles located in the reproductive tract are visceral muscles. The activity of these muscles is not under the voluntary control of the nervous system. Hence, they are also called involuntary muscles. Muscle fibers having less quantity of myoglobin, the oxygen storing pigment are known as White Fibers, as they have a pale and white appearance. These fibers also have fewer number of mitochondria. But, the number of sarcoplasmic reticulum is high. The appendicular skeleton is constituted by the bones of the limbs along with their girdles.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Read the following statements and identify which one is incorrect.

Options:
A Non-living things can grow extrinsically.
B Reproduction is not the defining feature of living organisms.
C An isolated metabolic reaction outside the body of an organism is non-living.
D Human being is the only organism which has self-consciousness.

The correct answer is:
An isolated metabolic reaction outside the body of an organism is non-living.

Solution:
Mountains can grow with the accumulation of substances on the surface and thus can grow extrinsically.
Mules and worker honey bees are living but they cannot reproduce; hence, reproduction is not a defining feature of living organisms.
All living organisms are aware or conscious of their surroundings. Only humans are self-aware.
Isolated metabolic reactions are non-living things but are surely living reactions. Thus, an isolated metabolic reaction outside the body of an organism is neither living nor non-living.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET