datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which one of the following statements is false in respect of viability of mammalian sperm?

Options:
A Sperm is viable for only up to $24 \mathrm{~h}$
B Survival of sperm depends on the $\mathrm{pH}$ of the medium and is more active in alkaline medium
C Viability of sperm is determined by its motility
D Sperms must be concentrated in a thick suspension

The correct answer is:
Sperm is viable for only up to $24 \mathrm{~h}$

Solution:
Sperms are viable for $24 \mathrm{~h}$ to $48 \mathrm{~h}$, whereas the human ovum is viable only for $24 \mathrm{~h}$.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
Which one of the following statements is FALSE?

Options:
A Raoult’s law states that the vapour pressure of a component over a solution is proportional to its mole fraction in solution.
B The osmotic pressure (π) of a solution is given by the equation π=iCST where M is the molarity of the solution.
C The correct order of osmotic pressure for 0.01M aqueous solution of each compound is BaCl2>KCl>CH3COOH>sucrose .
D none of of these

The correct answer is:
none of of these

Solution:
Raoultâs law states that the vapour pressure of a component over a solution is proportional to its mole fraction in solution.
The osmotic pressure ( Ï ) of a solution is given by the equation Ï = iCS T where M is the molarity of the solution.
The correct order of osmotic pressure for 0.01 M aqueous solution of each compound is B a C l 2 > K C l > C H 3 C O O H > s u c r o s e .

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:
A A solution containing non-volatile solute freezes at a lower temperature than the pure solvent
B A solution containing non-volatile solute boils at a higher temperature than the pure solvent
C 0.1 M NaCl solution and 0.1 M sugar solution have the same boiling point
D Osmosis cannot take place without a semi-permeable membrane

The correct answer is:
0.1 M NaCl solution and 0.1 M sugar solution have the same boiling point

Solution:
0.1 M NaCl solution and 0.1 M sugar solutions have different values for elevation in boiling point ΔTf=ikfm
For NaCl solution, ΔTf=2×kf×0.1
and for sugar solution, ΔTf=1×kf×0.1
Hence, NaCl solution has higher boiling point than sugar solution.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT?

Options:
A Birds and land snails are uricotelic animals.
B Mammals and frogs are ureotelic animals.
C Aquatic amphibians and crustaceans are ammonotelic animals.
D Birds and reptiles are ureotelic.

The correct answer is:
Birds and reptiles are ureotelic.

Solution:
Ammonotelic organisms include aquatic animals which excrete nitrogenous waste as soluble ammonia. Ureotelic organisms include fish, amphibians, mammals including humans which excrete excess nitrogen as urea. While the uricotelic organisms include reptiles like lizards, snakes and birds which excrete uric acid or salts that are least soluble in water.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:
A Pollen grains of many species cause severe allergies.
B Stored pollen in liquid nitrogen can be used in the crop breeding program.
C Tapetum helps in the dehiscence of anther.
D Exine of pollen grains is made up of sporopollenin.

The correct answer is:
Tapetum helps in the dehiscence of anther.

Solution:
Pollen chamber is generally surrounded by four wall layers- the epidermis, endothecium, middle layers and the tapetum. The outer three wall layers perform the function of protection and help in dehiscence of anther to release the pollen. The innermost wall layer is the tapetum. It nourishes the developing pollen grains.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:
A The medullary zone of kidney is divided into a few conical masses called medullary pyramids projecting into the calyces.
B Inside the kidney the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as renal pelvis.
C Glomerulus along with Bowman's capsule is called the renal corpuscle.
D Renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and distal convoluted tubule (DCT) of the nephron are situated in the cortical region of kidney.

The correct answer is:
Inside the kidney the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as renal pelvis.

Solution:
Internal structure of Kidney shows the outer cortex and inner medulla. The medullary region shows minor calyces that join and form major calyces and that finally form renal pyramids. Nephron consists of a renal corpuscle that includes Bowman's capsule and Glomerulus. Renal corpuscle, PCT, DCT are situated in the cortex region while loop of henle lies at the junction of cortex and medulla in cortical nephrons and entirely in the medulla in Juxta medullary nephrons. Renal pyramids open into the region known as renal pelvis which continues as ureters outside the kidney. The cortical region extends in between the medulla and forms columns of Bertini.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:
A In cockroaches and prawns excretion of waste material occurs through malpighian tubules.
B In ctenophores, locomotion is mediated by comb plates.
C In Fasciola, flame cells help in excretion
D Earthworms are hermaphrodites and yet cross-fertilization takes place among them.

The correct answer is:
In cockroaches and prawns excretion of waste material occurs through malpighian tubules.

Solution:
Prawns excrete through green glands.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:
A Mesoglea is present in between ectoderm and endoderm in Obeli
B Exhibits radial symmetry Asterias
C Fasciola is a pseudocoelomate animal
D Taenia is a triploblastic animal

The correct answer is:
Fasciola is a pseudocoelomate animal

Solution:
Fasciola is acoelomate animal not a pseudocoelomate animal.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:
A The medullary zone of the kidney is divided into a few conical masses called medullary pyramids projecting into the calyces.
B Inside the kidney, the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as renal pelvis.
C Glomerulus along with Bowman’s capsule is called the renal corpuscle.
D Renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and distal convoluted tubule (DCT) of the nephron are situated in the cortical region of the kidney.

The correct answer is:
Inside the kidney, the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as renal pelvis.

Solution:
Inside the kidney the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as renal columns are called columns of Bertini.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:
A Birds and land snails are uricotelic animals.
B Mammals and frogs are ureotelic animals
C Aquatic amphibians and aquatic insects are ammonotelic animals
D Birds and reptiles are ureotelic

The correct answer is:
Birds and reptiles are ureotelic

Solution:
Birds and reptiles are uricotelic.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:
A Heart muscles are striated and involuntary.
B The muscles of hands and legs are striated and voluntary.
C The muscles located in the inner walls of alimentary canal are striated and involuntary.
D Muscles located in the reproductive tracts are unstriated and involuntary.

The correct answer is:
The muscles located in the inner walls of alimentary canal are striated and involuntary.

Solution:
Smooth or non striated or involuntary muscles are found in the posterior part of the oesophagus, stomach, intestine, lungs, urogenital tract, etc. Action of these muscles is controlled by the autonomic nervous system and they are not under the control of the animal's control.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:
A A competitive inhibitor reacts reversibly with the enzyme to form an enzyme-inhibitor complex.
B In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor molecule is not chemically changed by the enzyme.
C The competitive inhibitor does not affect the rate of breakdown of the enzyme-substrate complex.
D The presence of the competitive inhibitor decreases the Km of the enzyme for the substrate.

The correct answer is:
The presence of the competitive inhibitor decreases the Km of the enzyme for the substrate.

Solution:
Competitive inhibition is a form of enzyme inhibition where binding of the inhibitor to the active site on the enzyme prevents binding of the substrate and vice versa. The presence of a competitive inhibitor increases the Km constant of the enzyme (and not decrease), while it does not affect the Vmax. The competitive inhibitor binds at the active site, so decreases the affinity of the enzyme for its substrate, so Km constant increases. If substrate concentration is increased, inhibition overcomes and attains normal Vmax.

Topic: Biology, Biomolecules (B), NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:
A Frictional force opposes the relative motion
B Limiting value of static friction is directly proportional to normal reaction
C Rolling friction is smaller than sliding friction
D Coefficient of sliding friction has dimensions of length

The correct answer is:
Coefficient of sliding friction has dimensions of length

Solution:
∵ f lim = μ s N
⇒ μ s = f lim N
Coefficient of sliding friction has no dimension

Topic: Physics, Laws of Motion, NEET, NEET 2018
Which one of the following statements is incorrect about enzyme catalysis?

Options:
A Enzymes are mostly proteinous in nature
B Enzyme action is specific
C Enzymes are denaturated by ultraviolet rays and at high temperature
D Enzymes are least reactive at optimum temperature

The correct answer is:
Enzymes are least reactive at optimum temperature

Solution:
Most of the enzymes have proteinous nature. They are highly specific and get denaturated by high temperature or UV rays. At optimum temperature, which is generally in between $25^{\circ}-35^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, enzyme activity is maximum.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
Which one of the following statements is incorrect about menstruation?

Options:
A At menopause in the female, there is especially abrupt increase in gonadotropic hormones
B The beginning of the cycle of menstruation is called menarche
C During normal menstruction about 40 ml blood is lost
D The menstrual fluid can easily clot

The correct answer is:
The menstrual fluid can easily clot

Solution:
Normal menstrual blood does clot, menstrual blood contains not only blood but also tissue from the lining of the uterus.
The female body typically releases anticoagulants to keep menstrual blood from clotting as it's being released. But when the period is heavy and blood is being rapidly expelled, there's not enough time for anticoagulants to work. That enables clots to form.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Which one of the following statements is incorrect for the interphase stage?

Options:
A Period of great metabolic activity
B Also called as preparatory phase
C Absence of replication of DNA
D It covers over 95% of the total duration of cell cycle

The correct answer is:
Absence of replication of DNA

Solution:
Replication of DNA occurs during S-Phase of interphase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Which one of the following statements is incorrect related to Molecular Orbital Theory?

Options:
A Molecular orbitals obtained from $2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{x}}$ and $2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{y}}$ orbitals are symmetrical around the bond axis.
B A $\pi$-bonding molecular orbital has larger electron density above and below the internuclear axis.
C The $\pi^*$ antibonding molecular orbital has a node between the nuclei.
D In the formation of bonding molecular orbital, the two electron waves of the bonding atoms reinforce each other.

The correct answer is:
Molecular orbitals obtained from $2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{x}}$ and $2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{y}}$ orbitals are symmetrical around the bond axis.

Solution:
- According to molecular orbital theory, the sigma $(\sigma)$ molecular orbitals are symmetrical around the bond-axis while pi $(\pi)$ molecular orbitals are not symmetrical.
As $z$-axis is taken as internuclear axis, $2 p_x$ and $2 p_y$ forms $\pi$ molecular orbitals, hence these are unsymmetrical around the bond-axis

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:
A The medullary zone of kidney is divided into a few conical masses called medullary pyramids projecting into the calyces.
B Inside the kidney, the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as the renal pelvis, which forms the columns of Bertini.
C Glomerulus along with Bowman's capsule is called the renal corpuscle.
D Renal corpuscles, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and distal convoluted tubule (DCT) of the nephron are situated in the cortical region of kidney.

The correct answer is:
Inside the kidney, the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as the renal pelvis, which forms the columns of Bertini.

Solution:
The renal cortex is the outer portion of the kidney between the renal capsule and the renal medulla. In the adult, it forms a continuous smooth outer zone with a number of projections (cortical columns) that extend down between the pyramids. It contains the renal corpuscles and the renal tubules except for parts of the loop of Henle which descend into the renal medulla. It also contains blood vessels and cortical collecting ducts.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which one of the following statements is NOT correct?

Options:
A Rhodopsin is the purplish red protein present in rods only.
B Retinal is the light absorbing portion of visual photo pigments.
C In retina, the rods have the photo pigment rhodopsin while cones have three different photopigments.
D Retinal is a derivative of Vitamin C

The correct answer is:
Retinal is a derivative of Vitamin C

Solution:
The retina consists of three layers. The innermost layer is the ganglionic layer, bipolar layer and photoreceptors. Photoreceptors consist of rods and cones. Rods contain protein rhodopsin, which is purplish-red protein, while cones contain three different types of photopigments. These photoreceptors consist of retinal and opsin. Retinal is that part that absorbs light and it is a derivative of Vitamin A.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Which one of the following statements is not correct?

Options:
A Retinal is the light absorbing portion of visual photo pigments.
B In retina the rods have the photopigments rhodopsin while cones have three different photopigments.
C Retinal is a derivative of Vitamin C.
D Rhodopsin is the purplish red protein present in rods only.

The correct answer is:
Retinal is a derivative of Vitamin C.

Solution:
Carotene is the source of retinal which is involved in the formation of rhodopsin of rod cells. Retinal, a derivative of vitamin A, is the light-absorbing part of all visual photopigments. Rods have rhodopsin pigment while cones have three different photopigments, iodopsin, porpyrosin, and cyanopsin. Rhodopsin is a purplish red protein, also known as visual purple, and is associated with vision under low light.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET, NEET 2014
Which one of the following statements is not correct?

Options:
A Offspring produced by the asexual reproduction are called clone
B Microscopic, motile asexual reproductive structures are called zoospores
C In potato, banana and ginger, the plantlets arise from the internodes present in the modified stem
D Water hyacinth, growing in the standing water, drains oxygen from water that leads to the death of fishes

The correct answer is:
In potato, banana and ginger, the plantlets arise from the internodes present in the modified stem

Solution:
Rhizome: It is a thick stem growing horizontally, beneath the soil surface. It has distinct nodes and internodes. The nodes bear small scaly leaves with buds in their axils. These buds develop into aerial shoots during favourable conditions. The tip of the rhizome ends in a terminal bud. The lower surfaces of the nodes give out small slender adventitious roots. E.g., Ginger, turmeric, banana.

Tuber: It is the swollen tip of a special underground branch. Each tuber has many notches on the surface called ‘eyes’ or buds that grow into new plants. Adventitious roots are usually absent in a tuber. E.g., Potato.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
Which one of the following statements is not true?

Options:
A Buna-S is a copolymer of butadiene and styrene
B Natural rubber is a 1, 4-polymer of isoprene
C In vulcanization, the formation of sulphur bridges between different chains make rubber harder and stronger
D Natural rubber has the trans configuration at every double bond

The correct answer is:
Natural rubber has the trans configuration at every double bond

Solution:
Natural rubber is cis-1,3 polyisoprene and has only cis configuration about the double bond as shown below

whereas in Gutta-percha, only trans configuration exists about the double bond. Buna-S is a copolymer of butadiene and styrene.

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET
Which one of the following statements is not true?

Options:
A In vulcanisation, the formation of sulphur bridges between different chains make rubber harder and stronger
B Natural rubber has the trans-configuration at every double bond
C Buna-S is a copolymer of butadiene and styrene
D Natural rubber is a 1,4-polymer of isoprene

The correct answer is:
Natural rubber has the trans-configuration at every double bond

Solution:
Natural rubber is cis-polyisoprene and is prepared from latex which is obtained from rubber tree (Hevea brasitiensis).

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Which one of the following statements is not true?

Options:
A Concentration of DO below $6 \mathrm{ppm}$ is good for the growth of fish
B Clean water would have a BOD value of less than $5 \mathrm{ppm}$
C Oxides of sulphur, nitrogen and carbon are the most widespread air pollutant
D $\mathrm{pH}$ of drinking water should be between $5.5-9.5$

The correct answer is:
Concentration of DO below $6 \mathrm{ppm}$ is good for the growth of fish

Solution:
Growth of fish is inhibited if concentration of DO is below 6 ppm.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Which one of the following statements is not true?

Options:
A Pollen grains are rich in nutrients, and they are used in the form of tablets and syrups
B Pollen grains of some plants cause severe allergies and bronchial afflictions in some people
C The flowers pollinated by files and bats secrete foul odour to attract them
D Honey is made by bees by digesting pollen collected from flowers

The correct answer is:
Honey is made by bees by digesting pollen collected from flowers

Solution:
Pollen grains are rich in nutrients, and they are used in the form of tablets and syrups as well as food supplements.

Pollen grains of some plants cause severe allergies and bronchial afflictions in some people which may lead to critical medical emergency.

The flowers pollinated by files and bats secrete foul odor which attracts them which, in turn, facilitate the pollination.

Honey is made by bees by digesting the nectar collected from flowers.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Which one of the following statements is not true?

Options:
A Tapetum helps in the dehiscence of anther
B Exine of pollen grains is made up of sporopollenin
C Pollen grains of many species cause severe allergies
D Stored pollen in liquid nitrogen can be used in the crop breeding programmes

The correct answer is:
Tapetum helps in the dehiscence of anther

Solution:
It is the final function of the anther that causes the release of pollen grains. A stomium is the opening in an anther usually between lip cells through which dehiscence occurs. Dehiscence of anther occurs due to stomium cells of endothecium

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
Which one of the following statements is not true regarding $(+)$ lactose?

Options:
A (+) lactose is a $\beta$-glycoside formed by the union of a molecule of $D(+)$ glucose and a molecule of $\mathrm{D}(+)$ galactose
B (+) lactose is a reducing sugar and does not exhibit mutarotation
C (+) lactose, $\mathrm{C}_{12} \mathrm{H}_{22} \mathrm{O}_{11}$ contains 8-O $\mathrm{H}$ groups
D On hydrolysis (+) lactose gives equal amount of $\mathrm{D}(+)$ glucose and $\mathrm{D}(+)$ galactose

The correct answer is:
(+) lactose is a reducing sugar and does not exhibit mutarotation

Solution:
Lactose is a reducing sugar and all reducing sugars show mutarotation.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Which one of the following statements is not true regarding (+) lactose?

Options:
A On hydrolysis, (+) lactose give equal amount of D(+) glucose and D(+) galactose
B (+) Lactose is a β -glucoside formed by the union of a molecule of D(+) glucose and a molecule of D(+) galactose
C (+) Lactose is a reducing ugar and does not exhibit mutarotation
D (+) Lactose, C12H22O11 contains 8-OH groups

The correct answer is:
(+) Lactose is a reducing ugar and does not exhibit mutarotation

Solution:
Lactose(milk sugar) is a disaccharide comprising one glucose molecule linked to a galactose molecule by an β(1→4) -glycosidic linkage.Lactosehas a beta acetal. Like cellobiose and maltose,lactoseis a reducing sugar. All reducing sugar undergo mutarotation in aqueous solution.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which one of the following statements is not true?

Options:
A Ampicillin is a natural antibiotic
B Aspirin is both analgesic and antipyretic
C Sulphadiazine is a synthetic antibacterial drug
D Some disinfectants can be used as antiseptics

The correct answer is:
Ampicillin is a natural antibiotic

Solution:
Ampicillin is a modification of penicillin and thus is not a natural antibiotic. These semisynthetic penicillin (SSP) like empicillin, cloxacillin, etc. are produced by chemically combining specific side chains (in place of benzyl side chain of penicillin group) or by incorporating specific precursors in the mould cultures.
Rest other statements are correct here.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Which one of the following statements is not valid for aerosols?

Options:
A They are harmful to human health
B They alter rainfall and monsoon patterns
C They cause increased agricultural productivity
D They have negative impact on agricultural land

The correct answer is:
They cause increased agricultural productivity

Solution:
Aerosols through their direct or indirect effects on plants can cause various problems in agriculture. However, a continuous increase in air pollution may represent a threat to agriculture in the future that is persistent and largely irreversible. Any type of air pollution negatively impacts agriculture, by causing climatic changes (reduces rainfall) as well as affecting the health of humans. Fog, mist, and dust are natural aerosols found in the air.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET, NEET 2017