datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which one of the following oxides is basic?

Options:
A MnO
B Mn2O3
C MnO2
D Mn2O7

The correct answer is:
MnO

Solution:
Generally, oxides are basic when the metal is in lower oxidation state and acidic, when in higher oxidation state. The oxides are generally amphoteric, when the metal is in intermediate oxidation state, e.g., MnO (basic), Mn2O3 (amphoteric), MnO2 (amphoteric) and Mn2O7 (acidic).

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Which one of the following pair is incorrectly matched in respect to the crop varieties for pest resistance?

Options:
A

Crop variety	Resistant to
Pusa Sawani	Fruit borers

B

Crop variety	Resistant to
Pusa Sem	Jessids and aphids

C

Crop variety	Resistant to
Pusa Gaurav	Aphids

D

Crop variety	Resistant to

Pusa Swarnim	Shoot borers

The correct answer is:

Crop variety	Resistant to

Pusa Swarnim	Shoot borers

Solution:
Crop plants are bred for insect pest resistance by hybridization or mutation breeding. Resistance mostly in plants towards insect pests is due to morphological, biochemical or physiological characteristics. The crop varieties having pest resistance developed by hybridization and selection process - Mustard - Pusa Gaurav - is resistant to Aphids. Jassids and aphid resistance have been developed in flat bean (Pusa Sem3). Okra viariety, Pusa Sawani, is resistant to fruit and shoot borers. Pusa Swarnim is a disease resistant variety of Brassica which is resistant to white rust.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Which one of the following pair is incorrectly matched?

Options:
A Rhizobium - Root nodules of leguminous plants
B Baculovirus - Nucleopolyhedro virus
C Ladybird Beetles - aphids
D Trichoderma - non-biocontrol agent

The correct answer is:
Trichoderma - non-biocontrol agent

Solution:
Rhizobium lives symbiotically in root nodules of leguminous plants and carries out nitrogen fixation. Baculovirus belongs to group of Nucleopolyhedro virus and is used as a biocontrol against insect and other arthropods. Lady bird beetel is used to get rid of aphids. Trichoderma is a free living soil borne fungus which inhibits growth of other fungal pathogen, thus is used as a biocontrol agent.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Which one of the following pair is related to midbrain of human?

Options:
A Corpus callosum and Cruracerebri
B Corpora quadrigemina and Limbic system
C Association areas and Brain stem
D Cruracerebri and Corpora quadrigemina

The correct answer is:
Cruracerebri and Corpora quadrigemina

Solution:
The forebrain of humans has corpus callosum, association areas, and limbic system. The midbrain is located between the thalamus of the forebrain and the pons of the hindbrain. The cerebral aqueduct canal passes through the midbrain and the dorsal portion contains cruracerebri and corpora quadrigemina.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Which one of the following pair of food components in humans reaches the stomach totally undigested?

Options:
A Starch and fat
B Protein and cellulose
C Starch and cellulose
D Protein and starch

The correct answer is:
Protein and cellulose

Solution:
Protein and cellulose is the pair of food components in human that reaches the stomach totally undigested.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
Which one of the following pair of items correctly belongs to the category of organs mentioned against it?

Options:
A Thorn of
- Analogous organs
Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita
B Nictitating - Vestigial organs membrane and blind spot in human eye
C Nephridia - Excretory organs of earthworm and Malpighian tubules of cockroach
D Wings of honey bee - Homologous organs and wings of crow

The correct answer is:
Nephridia - Excretory organs of earthworm and Malpighian tubules of cockroach

Solution:
In annelids like Nereis, earthworm, leech etc the tubular coiled structures called nephridia are excretory organs. In phylum-Arthropoda, insects, centipedes, millipedes and arachnides possess Malpighian tubules as their principal excretory organ.
Analogous organs have almost similar appearance and perform the same function but develop in totally different groups and are totally different in their basic structure and developmental origin, eg, wings of butterfly, birds, bats.
The homologous organs have common origin, perform varied functions and have different appearance, eg, thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita.
Vestigial organs are useless remnants, which might have been large and functional in the ancestors, eg, nictitating membrane, vermiform appendix, etc.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Which one of the following pair of nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids, is wrongly matched with the category mentioned against it?

Options:
A Thymine, Uracil - Pyrimidines
B Uracil, Cytosine - Pyrimidines
C Guanine, Adenine - Purines
D Adenine, Thymine - Purines

The correct answer is:
Adenine, Thymine - Purines

Solution:
DNA and RNA the principal genetic materials of living organisms are chemically called nucleic acids. These are polymers of nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of phosphoric acid, pentose sugar and nitrogenous base. The nitrogenous bases are of two types, ie, purine and pyrimidines.
Purines are heterocyclic and two rings compound, eg, adenine, guanine.
Pyrimidines are single ring compound, eg, thymine, cytosine, uracil.

Topic: Biology, Biomolecules (B), NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Which one of the following pair of reproductive organs does not show homology between males and females?

Options:
A Glans penis & Clitoris
B Scrotum & Labia minora
C Bulbourethral gland & Bartholin's gland
D Prostate gland & Skene's gland

The correct answer is:
Scrotum & Labia minora

Solution:
Penis or glans penis of male is homologous to clitoris of female as both are highly erectile and sensitive structure.
Bartholin’s gland in female is homologous to Bulbo-urethral gland of male to secrete mucus to provide lubrication.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Which one of the following pairs correctly matches a hormone with a disease resulting from its deficiency ?

Options:
A relaxin - gigantism
B prolactin - cretinism
C parathyroid - tetany
D insulin - diabetes insipidus

The correct answer is:
parathyroid - tetany

Solution:
- Gigantism is a rare condition of accelerated growth and increased height as a result of too much growth hormone secretion during childhood or adolescence. It is almost always the result of a growth hormone-secreting pituitary tumour.
- Congenital hypothyroidism (under activity of the thyroid gland at birth), which results in growth retardation, developmental delay, and other abnormal features. Cretinism can be due to a deficiency of iodine in the mother's diet during pregnancy.
- Hypoparathyroidism is decreased function of the parathyroid glands with underproduction of parathyroid hormone. This can lead to low levels of calcium in the blood, often causing cramping and twitching of muscles or tetany (involuntary muscle contraction) and several other symptoms.
- Diabetes mellitus occurs due to insulin resistance or insulin deficiency and subsequent high blood glucose levels. Diabetes Insipidus, on the other hand, develops as a result of the stilted production of a hormone in the brain, which is released to stop the kidneys producing so much urine in order to retain water.
So, the correct answer is 'Parathyroid hormone Tetany'.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET, NEET 2003
Which one of the following pairs is an example of an autosomal recessive disorder?

Options:
A Phenylketonuria and haemophilia
B Colour blindness and haemophilia
C Phenylketonuria and thalassemia
D Colour blindness and sickle cell anaemia

The correct answer is:
Phenylketonuria and thalassemia

Solution:
Phenylketonuria is an inborn error of metabolism inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The affected individual lacks an enzyme that converts the amino acid phenylalanine into tyrosine. As a result of this, the phenylalanine gets accumulated and is converted into phenyl pyruvic acid and other derivatives. Accumulation of these in the brain results in mental retardation. These are also excreted through urine because of its poor absorption by the kidney.
Thalassemia is also an autosome-linked recessive blood disease transmitted from parents to the offspring when both the partners are unaffected carriers for the gene (heterozygous). The defect could be due to either mutation or deletion which ultimately results in a reduced rate of synthesis of one of the globin chains (a and b chains) that make up hemoglobin. This causes the formation of abnormal hemoglobin molecules resulting in anemia which is characteristic of the disease.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

Options:
A Sucrose : reducing sugar
B Glucose : mutarotation
C Fructose : aldose sugar
D Sucrose : monosaccharide

The correct answer is:
Glucose : mutarotation

Solution:
Here only correct matching is in option B as
Glucose shows mutarotation as follows
β -D(+) glucose ⇌ open chain from ⇌α -D(+) glucose.
Sucrose is a disaccharide and non-reducing. Fructose is a ketose sugar

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched with regard to the codon and the amino acid coded by it ?

Options:
A CCC-alanine
B AAA-lysine
C UUA-valine
D AUG-cysteine

The correct answer is:
AAA-lysine

Solution:
Three nucleotides code for one amino acid. As the number of codons is 64 and number of amino acids to be coded is 21, so more than one codons are available for a single amino acid. This B multiple coding system is called degenerate code. Hence, AAA code for lysine.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched with regard to the codon and the amino acid coded by it?

Options:
A CAC-Lysine
B AUG-Cysteine
C UUA-Leucine
D CCC-Valine

The correct answer is:
UUA-Leucine

Solution:
Leucine is coded by 6 codons which are UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA, and CUG. Valine is one of 20 proteogenic amino acids. Its codons are GUU, GUC, GUA, and GUG. Cysteine codons are UGU and UGC. With a thiol side chain, cysteine is classified as a hydrophilic amino acid. Lysine codons are AAA and AAG. Lysine is a base, as are arginine and histidine.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

Options:
A Anaphase I - Homologous chromosomes are separated
B Metaphase I - Pairing of maternal and paternal homologous chromosomes takes place
C Interphase - A nuclear envelope encloses each haploid set of chromosomes
D Prophase I - Non-homologous chromosomes are separated

The correct answer is:
Anaphase I - Homologous chromosomes are separated

Solution:
Anaphase I involves separartion of homologous chromosomes which start moving opposite poles so each tetrad is divided into two daughter dyads.
In Metaphase I Centromeres of homologous chromosomes lie equisdistant from equator and are directed towards the poles while arms generally lie horizontally on the equator. Each homologous chromosome has two kinetochores and both the kinetochores of a chromosome are joined to the chromosomal or tractile fibre of same side.
Whereas Prophase I is divided in five subphases i.e., leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene and diakinesis.
Interphase : It is the period between the end of one cell division to the beginning of next cell division. It is also called resting phase or not dividing phase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?

Options:
A Glucagon $\quad-$ Beta cells (source)
B Somatostatin - Delta cells (source)
C Corpus luteum - Relaxin (secretion)
D Insulin $\quad-$ Diabetes mellitus (disease)

The correct answer is:
Glucagon $\quad-$ Beta cells (source)

Solution:
In pancreatic islets, alpha or A-cells constitute about $15 \%$ of pancreatic islets cells and secrete glucagon. Its molecule consists of a single polypeptide chain of 29 amino acid residues. Glucagon intensifies glycogenolysis, deamination and gluconeogenesis, and inhibits glycogenesis in liver cells. It also intensifies lipolysis in adipose tissue. Thus, it is a promoter of catabolic metabolism.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
Which one of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?

Options:
A Glucagon - Beta cells (source)
B Somatostain - Delta cells (source)
C Corpus luteum - Relaxin (secretion)
D Insulin - Diabetes mellitus (disease)

The correct answer is:
Glucagon - Beta cells (source)

Solution:
Glucagon is secreted by cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. It increases the concentration of glucose in the blood by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is isostructural (i.e., having the same shape and hybridization)?

Options:
A $\left[\mathrm{BCl}_3\right.$ and $\left.\mathrm{BrCl}_3\right]$
B $\left[\mathrm{NH}_3\right.$ and $\left.\mathrm{NO}_3^{-}\right]$
C $\left[\mathrm{NF}_3\right.$ and $\left.\mathrm{BF}_3\right]$
D $\left[\mathrm{BF}_4^{-}\right.$and $\left.\mathrm{NH}_4^{+}\right]$

The correct answer is:
$\left[\mathrm{BF}_4^{-}\right.$and $\left.\mathrm{NH}_4^{+}\right]$

Solution:
If number of bond pairs and lone pairs are same for the given pairs, they are isostructural.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Thus, $\mathrm{BF}_4^{-}$and $\mathrm{NH}_4^{+}$are isostructural.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
Which one of the following pairs is mismatched?

Options:
A tundra - permafrost
B savanna - acacia trees
C prairie - epiphytes
D coniferous - evergreen trees forest

The correct answer is:
prairie - epiphytes

Solution:
Prairies contain tall grasses and shrubs
Savanna - Acacia trees
Tundra - Permafrost
Coniferous forest - Evergreen trees

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET, NEET 2005
Which one of the following pairs is mismatched?

Options:
A Apis indica - honey
B Kenia lacca - lac
C Bombyx mori - silk
D Pila globosa - pearl

The correct answer is:
Pila globosa - pearl

Solution:
Pearl is obtained from Pinctada vulgaris.
Related Theory
Pinctada (pearl oyster) belongs to phylum Mollusc. It is bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and coelomate animal. Body is covered by a calcareous shell and is unsegmented with a distinct head, muscular foot and visceral hump. A soft and spongy layer of skin forms a mantle over the visceral hump, the space between the hump and the mantle is called the mantle cavity in which feather like gills are present. The anterior head region has sensory tentacles and the mouth contains a file-like rasping organ for feeding, called radula. They are usually dioecious and oviparous with indirect development.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2007
Which one of the following pairs is mismatched?

Options:
A Fossil fuel burning - release of CO2
B Nuclear power - radioactive wastes
C Solar energy - green house effect
D Biomass burning - relase of CO2

The correct answer is:
Solar energy - green house effect

Solution:
Solar energy coming to the earth is not responsible for green house effect. It is the increase in green house gasses in atmosphere like CO2 which is released by complete combustion of fossil fuels or biomass in industries or transportation vehicles that prevent the reradiation of infared radiation from the earth and result in increase in temperature of the earth.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

Options:
A Recombinant DNA	- DNA formed by the joining of segments of DNA from different sources
B Purine - Nitrogenous bases Cytosine, thymine and uracil
C ATP	- The principal energy carrying compound in the cell
D r-RNA	- RNA molecules found in ribosomes

The correct answer is:
Purine - Nitrogenous bases Cytosine, thymine and uracil

Solution:
Cytosine, thymine, and uracil are single ring compounds i.e. pyrimidines while adenine and guanine are purines.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

Options:
A Plasmid - Small piece of extrachromosomal DNA in bacteria
B Interferon - An enzyme that interferes with DNA replication
C Cosmid - A vector for carrying large DNA fragments into host cells
D Myeloma antibodies – Producing tumor cells

The correct answer is:
Interferon - An enzyme that interferes with DNA replication

Solution:
Interferons are antiviral proteins which were produced by Charles Weismann (1980) by recombinant DNA technology in E. coli.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

Options:
A Streptococcus - Clot buster
B Papaver - Tranquillizers
C Trichoderma - Biocontrol agent
D Rhizobium - Biofertilizer

The correct answer is:
Papaver - Tranquillizers

Solution:
Opioids are the drugs binding to specific opioid receptors present in our central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Heroin, commonly called smack, is chemically diacetylmorphine which is a white, odourless, bitter crystalline compound. This is obtained by acetylation of morphine, which is extracted from the latex of poppy plant Papaver somniferum.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched ?

Options:
A Vitamin C - Scurvy
B Vitamin $\mathrm{B}_2-$ Pellagra
C Vitamin $\mathrm{B}_{12}-$ Pernicious anaemia
D Vitamin $\mathrm{B}_6-$ Beri-beri

The correct answer is:
Vitamin $\mathrm{B}_6-$ Beri-beri

Solution:
Vitamin $B_1$ deficiency causes Beri Beri.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET, NEET 2003
Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

Options:
A Vitamin $\mathrm{B}_{12}$ - Perniciousanaemia
B Vitamin $\mathrm{B}_6$ - Loss of appetite
C Vitamin $B_1$ - Beri-beri
D Vitamin $\mathrm{B}_2-$ Pellagra.

The correct answer is:
Vitamin $\mathrm{B}_2-$ Pellagra.

Solution:
Vitamin $B_5$ (Niacin) deficiency causes pellagra.
Related Theory
$\Rightarrow$ Vitamin $B_s$ (Niacin) deficiency causes pellagra.
\(\begin{array}{|l|l|}
\hline \text{Vitamin} & \text{Deficiency Effects} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text{A} \\
\text{Retinol, retinal, Retinoic acid, (Beta carotene)}
\end{array} & \text{Blindness, Infections, stunted growth} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text{D} \\
\text{Cholecalciferol}
\end{array} & \text{Rickets, osteomalacia} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text{E} \\
\text{Tocopherol}
\end{array} & \text{Red blood cell breakage, nerve damage} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text{K} \\
\text{Phylloquinone}
\end{array} & \text{Hemorrhage} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text{B} \\
\text{Thiamin}
\end{array} & \text{Beriberi, neurological problems} \\
\hline
\hline \begin{array}{l}
B_2 \\
\text {Riboflavin }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text {Inflammation the mouth, skin }
\end{array} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
B_3 \\
\text {Niacin }
\end{array} & \text {Pellagra } \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
B_5 \\
\text {Pantothenic acid }
\end{array} & \text {Extremely rate } \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
B_6 \\
\text {Phridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text {Scaly dermatitis, anemia, convulsions }
\end{array} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text {B, } \\
\text {Biotin }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text {Extremely rare defects }
\end{array} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
B_9 \\
\text {Folate, folic acid, folacin }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text {Anaemia, irreversible nerve damage and paralysis }
\end{array} \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
B_{12} \\
\text {Cobalamin }
\end{array} & \text {Scurvy } \\
\hline \begin{array}{l}
\text {C } \\
\text {Ascorbic acid }
\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}
\text {Ecth }
\end{array} \\
\hline
\end{array}\)

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET, NEET 2004
Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

Options:
A Streptomyces - Antibiotic
B Serratia - Drug addiction
C Spirulina - Singlecell protein
D Rhizobium - Biofertilizer.

The correct answer is:
Serratia - Drug addiction

Solution:
Serratia cause urinary tract infections, wound infections, pneumonia.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2004
Which one of the following pairs, is not correctly matched?

Options:
A gibberellic acid-leaf fall
B cytokinin - cell division
C IAA - cell wall elongation
D abscisic acid - stomatal closure.

The correct answer is:
gibberellic acid-leaf fall

Solution:
Gibberellic acid stimulates cell growth of leaves and stem causing their expansion, elongation respective and leaf fall is controlled by ABA.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET, NEET 2007
Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

Options:
A Abscisic acid - Stomatal closure
B Gibberellic acid - Leaf fall
C Cytokinin - Cell division
D IAA - Cell wall elongation

The correct answer is:
Gibberellic acid - Leaf fall

Solution:
Gibberellic acid is a growth promoter thus it inhibits leaf fall. Abscisic acid is commonly called stress hormone and it promotes closure of stomata. Cytokinin promotes cell division. IAA is an auxin that induces cell elongation and cell division resulting in plant growth and development.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is wrongly matched?

Options:
A Nitrosomonas : Nitrifying and chemo lithotrophic bacteria.
B Rhodospirillum : Nitrogen fixation bacteria and Photo-organotrophs bacteria.
C E.coli : used in genetic engineering and pollution indicating bacteria
D Pseudomonas : responsible for food poisoning and purity of Ganga water.

The correct answer is:
Pseudomonas : responsible for food poisoning and purity of Ganga water.

Solution:
Pseudomonas are responsible for removing the oil contamination. They act as bioremediation organisms. These organisms enhance plant growth promotion and reduce the severity of various diseases.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is WRONGLY matched?

Options:
A Fruit juice - pectinase
B Textile - amylase
C Detergents - lipase
D Alcohol - nitrogenase

The correct answer is:
Alcohol - nitrogenase

Solution:
Alcoholic drinks are produced by fermentation process (anaerobic respiration). The various alcoholic drinks are formed by fermenting different types of raw material and with distillation or without distillation. Yeast is used in the production of alcohol by fermentation process where yeast produces the enzyme zymase for catalysing the process.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Which one of the following pairs is wrongly matched?

Options:
A yeast - ethanol
B streptomycetes - antibiotic
C coliforms - vinegar
D methanogens - gobar gas.

The correct answer is:
coliforms - vinegar

Solution:
Coliforms are a broad class of bacteria found in our environment, including the faeces of man and other warmblooded animals. The presence of coliform bacteria in drinking water may indicate a possible presence of harmful, disease-causing organisms. Thus, they are a commonly used indicator of sanitary quality of foods and water.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET, NEET 2007
Which one of the following pairs is wrongly matched?

Options:
A Detergents - Lipase
B Alcohol - Nitrogenase
C Fruit juice - Pectinase
D Textile - Amylase

The correct answer is:
Alcohol - Nitrogenase

Solution:
Alcohol (ethyl alcohol) can be produced by fermentation of any carbohydrate, containing a fermentable sugar on a polysaccharide that can be hydrolysed to a fermentable sugar. The development of synthetic alcohol follows following reaction.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)