datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Protein found in a biological system with a unique three-dimensional structure and biological activity is called a native protein. When a protein in its native form, is subjected to a physical change like change in temperature or a chemical change like, change in pH, denaturation of protein takes place. Explain the cause.

Options:
A Changes in temperature or pH disrupt the covalent bonds holding the protein's primary structure together.
B Due to physical or chemical change, hydrogen bonds in proteins are disturbed, globules unfold and the helix gets uncoiled therefore protein loses its biological activity. This is called denaturation of proteins.
C The native protein undergoes a chemical reaction with the environment, leading to structural changes.
D Denaturation is a result of protein degradation caused by enzymes.

The correct answer is:
Due to physical or chemical change, hydrogen bonds in proteins are disturbed, globules unfold and the helix gets uncoiled therefore protein loses its biological activity. This is called denaturation of proteins.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Due to physical or chemical change, hydrogen bonds in proteins are disturbed, globules unfold and the helix gets uncoiled therefore protein loses its biological activity. This is called denaturation of proteins.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Protein is a polymer of

Options:
A Amino acid
B α -D-amino acid
C α -L-amino acid
D β -amino acid

The correct answer is:
α -L-amino acid

Solution:
Protein is a polymer of α -L-amino acid in which α L-amino acid are join together by peptide bonds.
Protein contains only α -L-amino acid residues.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Protein Synthesis in an animal cell occurs:

Options:
A only on the ribosomes present in cytosol
B only on ribosome attached to the nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum
C on ribosome present in the nucleolus as well as in cytoplasm
D on ribosomes present in cytoplasm as well as in mitochondria.

The correct answer is:
on ribosomes present in cytoplasm as well as in mitochondria.

Solution:
Ribosomes are known as protein factory and are actively involved in the synthesis of protein. Ribosomes are found in the cytosol and in the semi-autonomous organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Related Theory
Ribosomes either occur singly (monosomes) or in cluster (polysomes). Apart from ribosomal RNA (rRNA), the other two forms of RNA required for protein synthesis are: messenger $R N A$ (mRNA), which carries coding information from DNA, and transfer RNA (tRNA), which carries amino acids. Ribosomes use the information in $m R N A$ to direct the synthesis of a protein. In prokaryotes, during proteins synthesis, many ribosomes line up and join the $m R N A$ to form a string of ribosomes called polyribosome or polysome.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2005
Protein synthesis in an animal cell occurs

Options:
A Only on the ribosomes present in cytosol
B Only on ribosomes attached to the nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum
C On ribosomes present in the nucleolus as well as in cytoplasm
D On ribosomes present in cytoplasm as well as in mitochondria

The correct answer is:
On ribosomes present in cytoplasm as well as in mitochondria

Solution:
Protein synthesis in a animal cell occurs on ribosomes present in cytoplasm as well as in mitcohondria because mitochondrie and chloroplast also have their own DNA, RNA and ribosome so can synthesize half of their required proteins.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Proteins perform many physiological functions. For example, some functions as enzymes. Which of the following represents an additional function that some proteins discharge?

Options:
A Antibiotics
B Pigment conferring colour to skin
C Pigments making colours of flowers
D Hormones

The correct answer is:
Hormones

Solution:
Hormones represents an additional function that some proteins discharge.

Topic: Biology, Biomolecules (B), NEET
Prothallus can be defined as a:

Options:
A Dioecious autotrophic gametophyte found in pteridophytes
B Monoecious heterotrophic sporophyte found in bryophytes.
C Dioecious autotrophic gametophyte found in bryophytes.
D Monoecious heterotrophic sporophyte found in pteridophytes

The correct answer is:
Dioecious autotrophic gametophyte found in pteridophytes

Solution:
The prothallus is photosynthetic gametophyte developed from a spore in pterophytes, which possesses male and female sex organs for gamete formation.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Protistan genome has

Options:
A Nucleoprotein in direct contact with cell substance
B Gene containing nucleoproteins condensed together in loose mass
C Free nucleic acid aggregates
D Membrane-bound nucleoproteins embedded in cytoplasm

The correct answer is:
Membrane-bound nucleoproteins embedded in cytoplasm

Solution:
Protistans are eukaryotes with true nucleus and genetic material is embedded inside the nucleus. DNA is not naked and is found to be associated with histone protein.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Protists are:

1. Unicellular and prokaryote
2. Unicellular and eukaryote
3. Multicellular and eukaryote
4. Autotroph and heterotroph

Options:
A 1, 2, and 3
B 2, 3, and 4
C 3 and 4
D 2 and 4

The correct answer is:
2 and 4

Solution:
Protists are a primitive single-celled organism with a well-organized nucleus, which shows autotrophic as well as a heterotrophic mode of nutrition.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Provide the electronic configuration of [Cu(NH3)6]2+according to Crystal Field Splitting theory.

Options:
A (d9) t2g6eg3
B (d9) t2g5eg4
C (d6) t2g3eg3
D (d10) t2g6eg4

The correct answer is:
(d9) t2g6eg3

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
(d9) t2g6eg3

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Provide the electronic configuration of [Fe(CN)6]4–according to Crystal Field Splitting theory.

Options:
A (d6) t2g6eg0
B (d2) t₂g1eg¹
C (d6) t2g3eg3
D (d6) t2g4eg2

The correct answer is:
(d6) t2g6eg0

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
(d6) t2g6eg0

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Proximal and distal convoluted tubules are parts of

Options:
A Seminiferous tubules
B Nephron
C Oviduct
D Vas deferens

The correct answer is:
Nephron

Solution:
A nephron is the excretory unit of the human excretory system. Each nephron has a Bowman's capsule, a proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), Loop of Henle (Descending & Ascending limbs), distal convoluted tubule (DCT), and collecting duct.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Proximal end of the filament of stamen is attached to the:

Options:
A Anther
B Connective
C Placenta
D Thalamus or petal

The correct answer is:
Thalamus or petal

Solution:
A proximal end of the filament of the stamen is attached to the thalamus or petal, and the distal end is attached to anther.

The terminal, a part of the pedicel, is named the thalamus or torus or receptacle. It's a condensed axis of the flower from which all floral parts arise. Depending upon the gynoecium's position on the thalamus concerning other parts, flowers are of three kinds – hypogynous, perigynous, and epigynous. In many flowers, the thalamus is condensed, and therefore the internodes aren't seen clearly.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
Pruning of plants promotes branching because the axillary buds get sensitized to:

Options:
A Ethylene
B Gibberellin
C Cytokinin
D Indole acetic acid

The correct answer is:
Cytokinin

Solution:
Pruning causes the cutting of plant apex which lowers the amount of auxin and relatively an increase in cytokinin content. In the plant, cytokinin promotes the growth of axillary buds causing branching.
Cytokinins are essential to plant hormones that control cell division, shoot meristem initiation, leaf and root differentiation, senescence.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Prussian blue is-

Options:
A Na4FeCN6
B Na3FeCN6
C Fe4FeCN63
D None of these

The correct answer is:
Fe4FeCN63

Solution:
Prussian blue is Ferric Ferrocyanide.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Prussic acid +O2→Ag
The products of above reaction are

Options:
A C2N2,H2O
B CO2,H2O
C CO,CO2,H2O
D CO2,N2,H2O

The correct answer is:
C2N2,H2O

Solution:
Prussic acid (HCN) on reaction with air in presence of Ag gives cyanogen.
4HCN+O2→Ag2(CN)2(Cyanogen)+2H2O

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Pseudopopdia are found in _____________ and help in________________.

Options:
A Amoeba, swimming
B Plasmodium, phagocytosis
C Amoeba, phagocytosis
D Paramecium, locomotion

The correct answer is:
Amoeba, phagocytosis

Solution:
Streaming of protoplasm in the unicellular organisms like Amoeba is a simple form of movement. Movement of cilia, flagella, and tentacles are shown by many organisms.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
P-T diagram is shown in the diagram. Choose the corresponding V-T diagram.

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
In the given P-T diagram BC is isochoric and cd is isothermal.
VB > VA, VB = VC, VD > VC

Topic: Physics, Thermodynamics, NEET
Pt normally exists as which of the following crystal structures?

Options:
A Hcp
B Bcc
C Ccp
D Simple cubic

The correct answer is:
Ccp

Solution:
Correct Option is : 3
Ccp

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Pumice stone is an example of

Options:
A foam
B sol
C gel
D solid sol

The correct answer is:
solid sol

Solution:
Pumice stone is come in category of Solid Sol because it is a type of colloid, dispersion phase is gas and dispersion medium is solid. A solid sol is a type of solid solution where the dispersed phase is uniformly distributed throughout the dispersion medium at the atomic or molecular level.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2023 (All India)
Pure aniline is a :

Options:
A Brown coloured liquid
B Colourless liquid
C Brown coloured solid
D Colourless solid

The correct answer is:
Colourless liquid

Solution:
Aniline is C6H5NH2 .Pure aniline is a highly poisonous, oily, colourless substance with a pleasant odour.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Pure H2S gas can be obtained by the action of water on-

Options:
A CuS
B FeS
C Flower of sulphur
D Al2S3

The correct answer is:
Al2S3

Solution:
Aluminium sulphide can react with water forming hydrogen sulphide.
Al2S3+H2O→Al(OH)3+H2S

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Pure line breed refers to

Options:
A Heterozygosity only
B Heterozygosity and linkage
C Homozygosity only
D Homozygosity and self-assortment.

The correct answer is:
Homozygosity only

Solution:
The self-pollinated progeny of a homozygous plant constitutes a pure line. The pure line breed has a group of identical individuals to produce the offsprings with the same phenotype.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Pure silicon doped with phosphorus is a

Options:
A metallic conductor
B n-type semiconductor
C p-type semiconductor
D insulator

The correct answer is:
n-type semiconductor

Solution:
Pure silicon doped with phosphorus is a n-type semiconductor as P atom is pentavalent (i.e., has five valence electron); whereas Si has 4 valence electron so, n-type semiconductor is formed.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Pure tall pea plant with round seeds is crossed with pure dwarf pea plant with wrinkled seeds. The probability of genotype ttRR in F2 generation is

Options:
A 116
B 316
C 916
D 616

The correct answer is:
116

Solution:
Mendelian dihybrid cross occurs between two pair of contrasting characters - height of plant and shape of seed. When these are crossed in the F2 generation we get the following genotypes and their count:
TTRR – 1, TTRr – 2, TTrr – 1,
TtRR – 2, TtRr – 4,
Ttrr – 2, ttRR – 1,
ttRr -2 and ttrr - 1

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Pure water can be obtained from sea water by

Options:
A centrifugation
B plasmolysis
C reverse osmosis
D sedimentation

The correct answer is:
reverse osmosis

Solution:
Pure water can be obtained from the sea by the process of reserve osmosis.It is a process by which a solvent passes through a porous membrane in the direction opposite to that for natural osmosis.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Purified antibiotic penicillin of Penicillium notatum was discovered by

Options:
A Alexander Fleming
B Howard Florey
C Ernest Chain
D Carolus Linnaeus

The correct answer is:
Alexander Fleming

Solution:
Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming from Penicillium notatum fungus. Penicillium is called gree mould, which belongs to class-Ascomycetes. Today, penicillin is also obtained fro Penicillium crysogenum. Fleming, Chain, and Florey were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945, for this discovery.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Purines found both in DNA and RNA are

Options:
A Adenine and thymine
B Adenine and guanine
C Guanine and cytosine
D Cytosine and thymine

The correct answer is:
Adenine and guanine

Solution:
Two types of nitrogen bases are found in both DNA and RNA
Purines: include Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines: include cytosine, Thymine (exclusive for DNA), and Uracil (exclusive for RNA).

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
Purkinje cells are found in

Options:
A cerebral cortex
B cerebellar cortex
C mammalian heart
D semicircular canal

The correct answer is:
cerebellar cortex

Solution:
One of the major structures of the hindbrain is the cerebellum (little brain). It is responsible for the voluntary motor movements in a co-ordinated manner and also involved in the balance and posture of an individual. The information received by the sensory system is processed by the cerebellum to give the motor output like balancing. It has the grey and white matter in it, where the white matter is myelinated. The white matter in cerebellum spreads like a tree branching into the grey matter which is called Arborvitae. It supplies sensory and motor information to the cerebellum
Cerebellum contains large neurons called Purkinje cells found in its cerebellar cortex called Purkinje layer. These cells are named after Jan Evangelista Purkyně, who discovered it. These cells control the output signals of the cerebellum by inhibiting the deep cerebellar nuclei and vestibular nuclei neurons.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Purple of cassius is

Options:
A pure gold
B solid solution of gold
C gold (I) hydroxide
D gold (III) chloride

The correct answer is:
solid solution of gold

Solution:
It is obtained by treating gold (III) chloride solution with SnCl2 .
2AuCl3+SnCl2→2Au+3SnCl4
SnCl4 so formed hydrolyses as follows
SnCl4+4HOH→Sn(OH)4Stannic acid+4HCl
The colloidal precipitate of stannic acid absorbs colloidal particles of gold. This has beautiful purple colour and is known as purple of cassius (because it is discovered by Cassius in 1865). It is used for colouring glass (ruby red and pottery).

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Purposeful manipulation of plant species in order to create the desired plant type that is better suited for cultivation gives better yields and disease-resistant is

Options:
A Hybrid breeding
B Tissue culture
C Biofortification
D Plant breeding

The correct answer is:
Plant breeding

Solution:
Changing the plant species to develop a desired plant types which are better suited for cultivation to give better yield and disease resistance. It is done to improve quality, more tolerant to environmental stress.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Pusa snowball K-l and Pusa A-4 are resistant for

Options:
A white rust and jassids, respectively.
B curl blight black rot and aphids, respectively.
C black rot and shoot borer, respectively
D leaf curl and fruit borer, respectively.

The correct answer is:
black rot and shoot borer, respectively

Solution:
Pusa snowball K-1 a variety of Cauliflower which has been developed by plant breeding for resistant to Black rot disease caused by bacterium Xanthomonas campestris.
Similarly, Okra variety Pusa A-4 has been developed to be resistant to insect pest shoot and fruit borer.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Put the correct symbols in the following statements:

I. The average life span of a crow ______ than the average life span of a parrot.
II. The average life span of a rose plant ______ than the average life span of a rice plant.
III. The average life span of a cow ______ than the average life span of a crocodile.
IV. The average life span of a banyan tree ______ than the average life span of a banana tree.

Options:
A I: '<', II: '<', III: '<', IV: '>'
B I: '>', II: '>', III: '>', IV: '>'
C I: '<', II: '<', III: '<', IV: '>'
D I: '<', II: '>', III: '<', IV: '>'

The correct answer is:
I: '<', II: '>', III: '<', IV: '>'

Solution:
Average life spans of the given organisms are as follows:
Crow:15 years; Parrot: 140 years
Rice plant: 3 to 4 months; Rose plant: 5 to 7 years
Cow: 20 to 25 years; Crocodile: 60 years
Banyan tree: 200 years; Banana tree: 25 years

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Pyramid of numbers is

Options:
A Always upright
B Always inverted
C Ether upright or inverted
D Neither upright nor inverted

The correct answer is:
Ether upright or inverted

Solution:
Pyramid of number in grassland or forest or pond ecosystem is upright. In parasitic food chain, the pyramid of number is inverted. In an ecosystem dominated by trees, the pyramid of number is spindle shaped/inverted.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Pyruvate dehydrogenase activity during aerobic respiration requires:-

Options:
A Calcium
B Iron
C Cobalt
D Magnesium

The correct answer is:
Magnesium

Solution:
Link reaction: If sufficient oxygen is available, each 3-carbon pyruvate molecule enters the mitochondrial matrix where its oxidation is completed by aerobic means. It is called a gateway step or link reaction between glycolysis and Krebs' cycle. Acetyl CoA is a common intermediate of fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Later, this acetyl CoA from both sources enters the TCA cycle. Link reaction also called oxidative decarboxylation reaction is not a part of Krebs' cycle.

Pyruvate + CoA + NAD+ →Mg+2, TPP, Lipoic acidPyruvate dehydrogenase Acetyl CoA + NADH.H+ + CO2

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
Pyruvate dehydrogenase is used in converting

Options:
A glucose to pyruvate
B pyruvate to lactate
C pyruvate to glucose
D pyruvate to Acetyl Co-A

The correct answer is:
pyruvate to Acetyl Co-A

Solution:
At the end of glycolysis, 2 molecules of pyruvic acid are formed in the cytoplasm. The 2 molecules of pyruvic acid enters mitochondria to undergo oxidative decarboxylation to form acetyl fraction (2C) in the presence of enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase and Mg2+ as co-factor. 2 molecules of acetyl fraction (2C) combine with 2 molecules of coenzyme A to form 2 molecules of acetyl coenzyme A (2C). The two molecules of hydrogen released during this reaction are accepted by 2 molecules of coenzyme NAD+ and it is reduced to form 2 molecules of NADH + H+.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Pyruvic acid is the initial substrate of

Options:
A Glycolysis
B Electron transport chain
C Kreb's cycle
D Link reaction

The correct answer is:
Link reaction

Solution:
​Pyruvate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of pyruvate and a lipoamide to give the acetylated dihydrolipoamide and carbon dioxide. The conversion requires the coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate. It is catalyst for conversion of pyruvic acid into acetyl co-A in mitochondrial matrix.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Pyruvic acid, the key product of glycolysis can have many metabolic fates. Under aerobic condition, it forms _________.

Options:
A lactic acid
B CO2Â +Â H2OÂ
C acetyl CoA + CO2
D ethanolÂ +Â CO2

The correct answer is:
acetyl CoA + CO2

Solution:
Respiration is the process or mechanism to break down food molecules to release energy in the form of ATP. During the process of aerobic respiration, phosphorylation of ADP occurs forming the energy currency molecule - Adenosine triphosphate. One of the steps of the respiration process is glycolysis where 6C-glucose is broken down to 3C-pyruvate. After it, depending on the presence or absence of oxygen, pyruvate is processed to generate energy. In aerobic respiration, pyruvate enters the Kreb's cycle by undergoing oxidative decarboxylation. This reaction is catalyzed by enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase with Mg++ as cofactor. Coenzyme NAD and Coenzyme A are required in this reaction giving the end result as acetyl Co-A and NADH2. Carbon dioxide is also released in this process.
In anaerobic condition, in muscle tissue pyruvic acid forms lactic acid.
Yeast converts pyruvic acid to ethanol and carbon dioxide under anaerobic condition. This process is referred to as fermentation.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Q 12. Which of the following is the correct melting point order of Group 13 elements?

Options:
A B>Al>Ga>In>Tl
B B>Ga>Tl>In>Al
C B>Tl>Ga>Al>In
D B>Al>Tl>In>Ga

The correct answer is:
B>Al>Ga>In>Tl

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
B>Al>Ga>In>Tl

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Q is-

Options:
A Anisidine
B Toluidine
C Benzidine
D Phenacetin

The correct answer is:
Phenacetin

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
ΔQ=nCdT represents

Options:
A Change in amount of heat contained in a body as a result of temperature change
B Amount of heat energy which transists from one body to other due to temperature difference
C Both (Change in amount of heat contained in a body as a result of temperature change) and (Amount of heat energy which transits from one body to other due to temperature difference) are correct
D None of these

The correct answer is:
Amount of heat energy which transists from one body to other due to temperature difference

Solution:
Heat is defined as energy in transist, which takes place due to temperature difference. For option (Change in amount of heat contained in a body as a result of temperature change) heat is not the energy contained in the body.

Topic: Physics, Thermodynamics, NEET
Quantitative comparisons between the growth of the living system can be made in two ways:

(i) Measurement and the comparison of total growth per unit time is called the ....a.... growth rate.

(ii) The growth of the given system per unit time expressed on a common basis, eg.; per unit initial parameter is called ...b.... growth rate.

Options:
A a-absolute, b-relative
B a-relative, b-absolute
C a-arithmetic, b-geometric
D a-geometric, b-arithmetic

The correct answer is:
a-absolute, b-relative

Solution:
Quantitative comparisons between the growth of living system can also be made in two ways : (i) measurement and the comparison of total growth per unit time is called the absolute growth rate. (ii) The growth of the given system per unit time expressed on a common basis, e.g., per unit initial parameter is called the relative growth rate.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Quantitative or qualitative flowering depends upon low temperature. This phenomenon is called

Options:
A Photoperiodism
B Vernalisation
C Dormancy
D Abscission

The correct answer is:
Vernalisation

Solution:
Vernalisation prevents precocious reproductive development late in the growing season and provides sufficient time to reach maturity.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET