datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Match the columns.

Column I	Column II

1	Cristae	(i)	Flat membranous sacs in chloroplast

2	Cristernae	(ii)	Infoldings in mitochondria

3	Thylakoid	(iii)	Disc-shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus

Options:
A 1-ii, 2-i, 3-iii
B 1-ii, 2-iii, 3-i
C 1-iii, 2-ii, 3-i
D 1-iii, 2-i, 3-ii

The correct answer is:
1-ii, 2-iii, 3-i

Solution:
The inner membrane of mitochondria is folded into a finger-like projection called cristae which increases the surface area for attachment of oxysomes. Cisternae are disc-like sac of the Golgi body. Thylakoid are membranous sac present in chloroplast which is stacked one on other to form grana.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Match the columns.

Column I	Column II

(A)	Bones in cranium	(i)	80

(B)	Bones in the axial skeleton	(ii)	26

(C)	Facial bones	(iii)	8

(D)	Bones in the vertebral column	(iv)	14

Options:
A A-iii B-i C-ii D-iv
B A-iii B-i C-iv D-ii
C A-ii B-i C-iv D-iii
D A-iii B-ii C-iv D-i

The correct answer is:
A-iii B-i C-iv D-ii

Solution:
The human body has 206 bones: the axial skeleton (80) and the appendicular skeleton (126). The axial skeleton is further divided into the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum. Skull is made up of 8 cranial bones, 14 facial bones, and six ear ossicles. The vertebral column has in total of 26 bones. Ribs and sternum in total are 25 bones.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Match the columns

Column I	Column II

(A)	GEAC	( i )	Eli Lily

(B)	PCR	( ii )	Herbert Boyer

(C)	Insulin	( iii )	In-vitro DNA synthesis

(D)	Antibiotic resistance gene	( iv )	Validity of GM research

Options:
A (A)-(iv), (B)-(iii), (C)-(i), (D)-(ii)
B (A)-(iv),Â (B)-(iii),Â (C)-(ii),Â (D)-(i)
C (A)-(iii),Â (B)-(iv),Â (C)-(i),Â (D)-(ii)
D (A)-(iii),Â (B)-(iv),Â (C)-(ii),Â (D)-(i)

The correct answer is:
(A)-(iv), (B)-(iii), (C)-(i), (D)-(ii)

Solution:
Insulin is a hormone which reduces the blood glucose and was commercially first produced by the pharmaceutical company Eli Lily.
The Indian Government has set up organisations such as GEAC (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee), which will make decisions regarding the validity of GM research and the safety of introducing GM-organisms for public services.
PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction. In this reaction, multiple copies of the gene (or DNA) of interest is synthesised In-vitro using two sets of primers (small chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA) and the enzyme DNA polymerase.
The construction of the first recombinant DNA emerged from the possibility of linking a gene encoding antibiotic resistance with a native plasmid (autonomously replicating circular extra chromosomal DNA) of Salmonella typhimurium. Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer accomplished this in 1972 by isolating the antibiotic resistance gene by cutting out a piece of DNA from a plasmid which was responsible for conferring antibiotic resistance.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Match the columns:

Column I	Column II

a	Hyaluronidase	i	Acrosomal reaction

b	Ovary	ii	Organs and organ systems are formed

c	First trimester	iii	Relaxin

d	Second trimester	iv	Development of limbs & digits

e	Second month of pregnancy	v	Body covered with fine hair

Options:
A ( a)-(v),Â (b)-(ii),Â (c)-(iv),Â (d)-(i),Â (e)-(iii)
B (a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(v), (e)-(iv)
C (a)-(iii),Â (b)-(ii),Â (c)-(v),Â (d)-(iv),Â (e)-(i)
D (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(v), (d)-(iii), (e)-(iv)

The correct answer is:
(a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(v), (e)-(iv)

Solution:
During the acrosomal reaction, the acrosome of sperm secretes many sperm lysins like acrosin, hyaluronidase, Corona penetrating enzyme that dissolves the ovum membranes.
Placenta also acts as an endocrine tissue and produces several hormones like human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), estrogens, progestogens, etc. In the later phase of pregnancy, a hormone called relaxin is also secreted by the ovary.
In human beings, by the end of the second month of pregnancy, the foetus develops limbs and digits. By the end of 12 weeks (first trimester), most of the major organ systems are formed, for example, the limbs and external genital organs are welldeveloped. By the end of about 24 weeks (end of second trimester), the body is covered with fine hair, eye-lids separate, and eyelashes are formed.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Match the columns:

Column I	Column II

(a)	Parturition	(p)	Attachment of blastocyst to endometrium

(b)	Gestation	(q)	Release of egg from Graafian follicle.

(c)	Ovulation	(r)	Delivery of baby from uterus

(d)	Implantation	(s)	Duration between conception and birth

(e)	Conception	(t)	Formation of zygote by fusion of egg and sperm

(u)	Stoppage of ovulation and menstruation

Options:
A (a)-(q), (b)-(s), (c)-(p), (d)-(t), (e)-(r)
B (a)-(s), (b)-(r), (c)-(p), (d)-(t), (e)-(q)
C (a)-(r), (b)-(u), (c)-(q), (d)-(s), (e)-(t )
D (a)-(r), (b)-(s), (c)-(q), (d)-(p), (e)-(t)

The correct answer is:
(a)-(r), (b)-(s), (c)-(q), (d)-(p), (e)-(t)

Solution:
Parturition is the process by which the completely formed baby is delivered out from the uterus, at the end of pregnancy. It involves vigorous contractions of uterus, which enables the expulsion of the foetus.
Gestation is the period between conception and birth of the child. It is also known as pregnancy. The human gestational period is 9 months.
Ovulation is the process by which the ovum i.e. egg is released out from the Graafian follicle. It usually occurs on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle.
Implantation is the process by which the blastocyst gets attached to the endometrium. It usually occurs 7 days after fertilization.
Conception is the process by which a zygote is formed by the fusion of egg and sperm i.e. fertilization.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Match the columns.

Column I	Column II

P	Zygotene	i	Chromosomes become gradually visible under the light microscope

Q	Diakinesis	ii	Bivalents clearly appear as tetrads

R	Pachytene	iii	Terminalisation of chiasmata

S	Leptotene	iv	Synapsis

Options:
A P-iv, Q-iii, R-ii, S-i
B P-i, Q-ii, R-iii, S-iv
C P-ii, Q-iii, R-iv, S-i
D P-iv, Q-i, R-iii, S-ii

The correct answer is:
P-iv, Q-iii, R-ii, S-i

Solution:
The Prophase I of Meosis I is further divide into 5 phases - Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diplotene and Diakinesis. In the leptotene stage the compaction of chromosomes is continued and they become more visible under light microscope. Second stage is zygotene where chromosomes start pairing together and the process is called synapsis. These paired chromosomes are called homologous chromosomes. In the next phase of pachytene these bilvalent chromosomes now appear as tetrads. Pachytene is also characterized by the appearance of recombination nodules which is the site for non sister chromatids to cross over. During the start of diplotene phase there is dissolution of synaptonemal complex and the homologous chromosomes separate from each other except at the sites where crossover has taken place and form an X shaped structure known as chiasmata. The final phase of diakinesis is where terminalisation of chiasmata takes place.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Match the columns: -

Column â I (Organism)	Column â II (Mode of Reproduction)

1	Penicillium	A	Offset

2	Agave	B	Bulbils

3	Water Hyacinth	C	Conidia

4	Hydra	D	Buds

Options:
A 1âC, 2âB, 3âA, 4âD
B 1âC,Â 2âD,Â 3âB,Â 4âA
C 1âD,Â 2âA,Â 3âB,Â 4âC
D 1âB,Â 2ââ,Â 3âA,Â 4âC

The correct answer is:
1âC, 2âB, 3âA, 4âD

Solution:
Asexual reproductive structures like :
(i) Zoospores. Examples : Members of Kingdom Fungi and simple plants like algae (Chlamydomonas).
(ii) Conidia. Example : Penicillium.
(iii) Buds. Example : Hydra.
(iv) Gemmules. Example : Sponges.
Vegetative reproduction - It occurs by structures known as vegetative propagules which are of
following types :
(i) Rhizome. Example : Ginger.
(ii) Eyes (or buds). Example : Potato.
(iii) Bulbils. Example : Agave.
(iv) Leaf buds. Adventitious buds arise from the notches present at margins of leaves.
Examples: Bryophyllum.
(v) Offset. Example : Water hyacinth.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Match the columns:

Column-I	Column-II

A.	Emphysema	1.	Test to detect antigen or antibody

B.	Rosie	2.	Î±-1 antitrypsin

C.	ELISA	3.	Lactalbumin

D.	ROP	4.	Codes for proteins involved in plasmid replication.

Options:
A A - 2, B - 3, C - 1, D - 4
B A - 1, B - 3, C - 4, D - 2
C A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4
D A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1

The correct answer is:
A - 2, B - 3, C - 1, D - 4

Solution:
Î± -1 antitrypsin Is a genetically engineered protein obtained from a transgenic animal and is used for treatment of Emphysema. ELISA is a diagnostic technique based on antigen antibody reaction and is used from early detection of pathogen. In 1997, the first transgenic cow, Rosie, produced human protein-enriched milk (2.4 grams per litre). The milk contained the human alpha-lactalbumin and was nutritionally a more balanced product for human babies than natural cow-milk.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Match the columns

Column-I	Column-II

A	Emphysema	1	Test to detect antigen or antibody

B	Rosie	2	Î±-1 antitrypsin

C	ELISA	3	Protein enriched milk

D	ROP	4	Codes for proteins involved in plasmid replication

Options:
A A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
B A-1,Â B-3,Â C-4,Â D-2
C A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
D A-4,Â B-3,Â C-2,Â D-1

The correct answer is:
A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4

Solution:
Î± -1 antitrypsin is a genetically engineered protein obtained from a transgenic animal and is used for treatment of emphysema.
In Rosie cow, the gene encoding human protein alpha-lactalbumin was added. Thus, the milk of cow became nutritionally more balanced for human babies.
ELISA is a diagnostic technique based on the antigenâantibody reaction and is used for early detection of pathogens.
ROP is a region of pBR322 that codes for proteins involved in plasmid replication.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Match the columns.

Column-I	Column-II

(a)	Leptotene	(i)	Chiasmata

(b)	Zygotene	(ii)	Chromosomes visible

(c)	Pachytene	(iii)	The pairing of homologous chromosome

(d)	Diplotene	(iv)	Clear appearance of tetrads

Options:
A a -(i), b -(ii), c -(iv), d -(iii)
B a -(ii), b -(iii), c -(iv), d -(i)
C a -(ii), b -(iii), c -(i), d -(iv)
D a -(iv), b -(iii), c -(ii), d -(i)

The correct answer is:
a -(ii), b -(iii), c -(iv), d -(i)

Solution:
In leptotene, condensation of chromosomes starts to form chromosomes; then in zygotene, homologous chromosomes come together to for pair known as synapsis. Crossing over or recombination occurs in pachytene and chiasmata becomes visible in diplotene.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Match the columns:

Column-I	Column-II

A	Telophase	i	Occurs after G2 interphase

B	Anaphase	ii	Checkpoint in the middle of mitosis

C	Metaphase	iii	Disjunction

D	Prophase	iv	Followed by cytokinesis

Options:
A A-i, B-ii, C-iii, D-iv
B A-ii, B-iii, C-iv, D-i
C A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii
D A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i

The correct answer is:
A-ii, B-iii, C-iv, D-i

Solution:
During prophase, nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear, chromosomes and occurs after G2 interphase. In metaphase, the chromosomes are arranged at the equator of the cell and this phase acts as a checkpoint of mitosis. Centromere splits and chromatids are separated during anaphase and daughter chromosomes start moving towards the opposite poles with chromosomal disjunction. Nuclear membrane, nucleolus and ER reappears during telophase, thus two nuclei are formed, which is followed by cytokinesis.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Match the columns correctly.

Column I	Column II

A	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	I	The root of the tobacco plant

B	Bacillus thuringiensis	II	ADA

C	Meloidegyne incognitia	III	cry gene

D	Gene therapy	IV	Ti plasmid

Options:
A A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
B A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
C A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
D A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV

The correct answer is:
A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Solution:
Cry gene is a Bt toxin-producing gene from B. thuringensis. ADA is the first disease treated using gene therapy. Agrobacterium helps in gene transfer via Ti-plasmid. Meloidegyne incognitia is a nematode causing low yield in tobacco.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Match the columns I and II, and choose the correct combination from the options given.

Column I (Class)	Column II (Major pigments)

(a) Chlorophyceae	(i) Chlorophyll a, c, fucoxanthin

(b) Phaeophyceae	(ii) Chlorophyll a, d, phycoerythrin

(c) Rhodophyceae	(iii) Chlorophyll a, b

Options:
A a-iii, b-i, c-ii
B a-iii, b-ii, c-i
C a-ii, b-i, c-iii
D a-i, b-iii, c-ii

The correct answer is:
a-iii, b-i, c-ii

Solution:
The brown algae group, Phaeophyceae, is primarily found in the marine habitats and show a lot of variation in size and form. They possess chlorophyll a, c, carotenoids, and xanthophylls. They vary in color of various shades of brown based on the amount of fucoxanthin and xanthophyll pigments present in them. The storage form of carbohydrates in them are laminarin or mannitol.
Rhodophyceae is a group of algae, also called as red algae. They are majorly found in the marine habitat having a warmer climate. They are red in color due to a higher concentration of red pigment, r-phycoerythrin in their body. They also have chlorophyll a and d. Food is stored as Floridian starch similar to amylopectin and glycogen. They generally reproduce vegetatively by fragmentation.
Chlorophyceae, also known as green algae, have a plant body that may be unicellular, colonial, or filamentous. They appear grass green in colour due to the dominance of pigments chlorophyll a and b. The majority of them have storage bodies called pyrenoids in chloroplasts.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Match the columns I and II and choose the correct combination from the options given.

Column I (Class)	Column II (Stored food example)

(a) Chlorophyceae	(i) Floridean starch

(b) Phaeophyceae	(ii) Starch

(c) Rhodophyceae	(iii) Laminarin and mannitol

Options:
A a-i, b-ii, c-iii
B a-ii,b-iii,c-i
C a-i,b-iii,c-ii
D a-ii,b-i,c-iii

The correct answer is:
a-ii,b-iii,c-i

Solution:
The given classes belong to the algal group and are also called as green algae, brown algae and red algae respectively. The Chlorophyceae have storage bodies called pyrenoids which contains proteins and starch. The Phaeophyceae stores food in the form of laminarin and mannitol which are complex carbohydrates and the Rhodophyceae stores food as floridean starch, the structure of which is similar to glycogen and amylopectin.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Match the columns I and II, and choose the CORRECT combination from the options given.

Column I	Column II

a. Bhindi	1. Pusa Snowball K-1

b. Cowpea	2. Pusa A-4

c. Rapeseed mustard	3. Pusa Komal

d. Cauliflower	4. Pusa Gaurav

Options:
A a-1, b-3, c-1, d-4
B a-3, b-2, c-4, d-1
C a-1, b-4, c-3, d-2
D a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1

The correct answer is:
a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1

Solution:
The columns reflect the relation between the crops and their hybrid varieties. The Cauliflower's hybrid Pusa Snowball K-i is resistant to diseases such as Black rot and Curl black rot. Pusa Komal is a variety of cowpea formed as a result of conventional breeding techniques and is resistant to the bacterial blight disease. The Rapeseed and Okra(Bhindi) are bred by hybridization to fight against the insects by forming a resistant variety, eg, Pusa Gaurav, the rapeseed variety resistant to aphids and Pusa A-4, the okra variety resistant to the shoot and fruit borers.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Match the columns I and II, and choose the correct combination from the options given.

Column I	Column II

a. Brassica	1. Pusa Sawani

b. Cauliflower	2. Pusa Sadabahar

c. Chilli	3. Pusa Shubhra

d. Okra	4. Pusa Swarnim

Options:
A a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
B a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
C a-4, b-3, c-2, d-l
D a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2

The correct answer is:
a-4, b-3, c-2, d-l

Solution:
Cultivars are plant variety that has been obtained by selective breeding of plants. Plant breeding is a method to develop an improved variety of crops. The new variety or cultivar developed is tested or evaluated for its agronomic qualities. Following varieties, pest/disease-resistant plants have been developed using plant breeding techniques.
Pusa Swarnim variety of Brassica is resistant to white rust, Pusa Shubra is the variety of cauliflower resistant to black rot and curl blight/black rot. Chilli variety is Pusa Sadabahar is resistant to chilli mosaic virus. Pusa Sawani is an okra variety that is resistant to shoot and fruit borer insect pest.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Match the columns I and II, and choose the CORRECT combination from the options given.

Column I	Column II

(a)	(i) Fucus

(b)	(ii) Laminaria

(c)	(iii) Polysiphonia

Find the CORRECT match.

Options:
A a-ii, b-i, c-iii
B a-iii, b-ii, c-i
C a-i, b-iii, c-ii
D a-ii, b-iii, c-i

The correct answer is:
a-ii, b-iii, c-i

Solution:
Fucus are large algae belonging to class Phaophyceae which can grow up to 100 meters. They bear disc shape holdfast which help them to attach to substratum and air bladder to make them light so that their frond can reach up to the surface of the sea to capture sunlight for photosynthesis. Polysiphonia is a red alga and highly branched.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Match the columns I and II, and choose the CORRECT combination from the options given.

Column I	Column II

(a)	Opioids	(i)	Snorting and injection

(b)	Cannabinoids	(ii)	Inhalation and oral ingestion

(c)	Coka alkaloids	(iii)	Snorting

Options:
A a-i, b-ii, c-iii
B a-iii, b-ii, c-i
C a-ii, b-i, c-iii
D a-i, b-iii, c-ii

The correct answer is:
a-i, b-ii, c-iii

Solution:
Opioids are obtained by acetylation of morphine which is obtained from the poppy plant generally taken by snorting and injection. They are depressants and slow down body functions. Cannabinoids are obtained from the plant Cannabis sativa. They are taken by inhalation and oral ingestion and are known for their effects on the cardiovascular system of the body. Coca alkaloid is obtained from the coca plant. It is usually consumed by snorting. It has a stimulating action on the central nervous system, producing a sense of euphoria and increased energy.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Match the columns I and II, and choose the CORRECT combination from the options given.

Column I	Column II

(a) Selaginella	(i) Psilopsida

(b) Equisetum	(ii) Lycopsida

(c) Adiantum	(iii) Sphenopsida

(d) Dryopteris	(iv) Pteropsida

Options:
A i-a, ii-b, iii-c, iv-d
B iii-d, iv-c, i-b, ii-a
C ii-a, iii-b, ii-d, iv-c
D iv-c, ii-a, iii-b, iv-d

The correct answer is:
iv-c, ii-a, iii-b, iv-d

Solution:
Pteridophytes are seedless vascular plants that reproduce by means of spores and they are first land plants also. Pteridophyta is further divided into four classes i.e. Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Sphenopsida, and Pteropsida.
Selaginella belongs to Lycopsida and there is a ligule present at the base of each sporophyll and microsporophyll.
Equisetum belongs to Sphenopsida and it is a living fossil. This plant is also known by another name i.e.horsetail.
Adiantum, Dryopteris and Pteris belong to Pteropsida and they have large dissected leaves.
Psilotum belongs to Psilopsida and is characterized by the absence of roots and the presence of rhizoids.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Match the columns I and II, and choose the CORRECT combination from the options given.

Column I	Column II

(a)	Testis	(i)	Erectile

(b)	Infundibulum	(ii)	Oval

(c)	Uterus	(iii)	Finger-like

(d)	Fimbriae	(iv)	Funnel-shaped

(e)	Clitoris	(v)	Inverted pear like

Options:
A (a)-(ii), (b)-(v), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii), (e)-(iv)
B (a)-(i), (b)-(iv), (c)-(v), (d)-(ii), (e)-(iii)
C (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(v), (d)-(iii), (e)-(i)
D (a)-(i), (b)-(iv), (c)-(v), (d)-(iii), (e)-(ii)

The correct answer is:
(a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(v), (d)-(iii), (e)-(i)

Solution:
Testes are male gonads and these are primary sex organs as these produce sex cells i.e. sperms. These are ovoid structures situated extraabdominally. Female reproductive system consists of Ovaries, Oviduct, Uterus, Vagina and Vulva. Oviduct is also known as fallopian tube. It is made up of three parts: Infundibulum, Ampulla and Isthmus. Infundibulum is funnel shaped part and extends as fimbriae which collects ova from ovary. Uterus is Hystera or Womb and is inverted pear shaped structure. Vulva consists of labia majora, Labia minora, Clitoris, Mons pubis and Vestibule. Labia minora fuses anteriorly to form clitoris which is covered by prepuce. This structure is homologous to male penis as it is made up of erectile tissues.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Match the columns I and II, and choose the CORRECT combination from the options given.

Column I	Column II

(a)	Typhoid	(i)	Chronic inflammation of lymphatic vessels

(b)	Pneumonia	(ii)	Dry scaly lesions on skin

(c)	Filariasis	(iii)	Chill and high fever recurring every 3-4 days

(d)	Ringworm	(iv)	Alveoli filled with fluid

(e)	Malaria	(v)	Intestinal perforations

Options:
A a-iii, b-ii, c-i, d-v, e-iv
B a-v, b-iv, c-i, d-ii, e-iii
C a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-v, e-iv
D a-v, b-iv, c-i, d-iii, e-ii

The correct answer is:
a-v, b-iv, c-i, d-ii, e-iii

Solution:
Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhii and it causes intestinal perforations. Pneumonia is a respiratory disorder and causes fluid retention in alveoli. Filariasis include chronic inflammation of lymphatic vessels. Fever with chills is the classic symptom of malaria. Ringworm are typical skin lesions which have ring like pattern.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Match the columns I and II, and choose the CORRECT combination from the options given.

Column I Organism	Column II Approx. Number of species

a. Beetles	1. 20,000

b. Ants	2. 28,000

c. Orchids	3. 30,000

d. Fishes	4. 3,00,000

Options:
A a-1, b-3, c-2, d-4
B a-4, b-2, c-1, d-3
C a-4, b-1, c-2, d-2
D a-4, b-1, c-1, d-2

The correct answer is:
a-4, b-1, c-1, d-2

Solution:
The variety of flora and fauna in a particular habitat or the globe is called biodiversity. Basically, it is a way to measure the differences and variations among the organisms at genetic, species and ecological level. Biodiversity is higher at tropical region compared to the temperate and polar regions.
Our current study makes an estimate that there are -
More than 20000 species of ants and orchids, 28000 species of fishes. Nearly, 300000 species of beetles are found in the biosphere.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Match the columns I, II and III, and choose the CORRECT combination from the options given regarding Cockroach

Column I	Column II	Column III

a.	Testes	K.	2nd â 6th segments	w.	1 pair

b.	Ovaries	L.	4th â 6th segments	x.	8 ovarioles

c.	Spermathecae	M.	6th â 7th segments	y.	bilobed

d.	Mushroom	N.	6th segment	z.	single

Options:
A a-L-y, b-K-x, c-M-z, d-N-w
B a-L-w, b-K-x, c-N-y, d-M-z
C a-K-x, b-L-w, c-N-y, d-M-z
D a-N-x, b-M-w, c-K-z, d-L-y

The correct answer is:
a-L-w, b-K-x, c-N-y, d-M-z

Solution:
The male reproductive system in cockroaches consist of a pair of testes, a pair of vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle, mushroom glands, and external genitalia. Testes are present at 4th â 6th segments while the mushroom gland is present in 6th â 7th segments. The female reproductive system consists of a pair of ovaries, a pair of oviducts, a common oviduct i.e. vagina, genital chamber and external genitalia. The genital chamber shows the opening of spermathecae which is a storehouse of sperms. Ovaries extend from 2nd â 6th segments and show many tubules known as ovarioles. Spermathecae is in the 6th segment.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET