datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
In RNA interference (RNAi):

Options:
A The silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary RNA strand that binds and form dsRNA molecule and prevent translation of the mRNA
B The silencing of a specific mRNA due to dsDNA molecule that binds to and prevent translation of the mRNA
C The silencing of a specific mRNA due to a non-complementary dsRNA molecule that binds to and prevent translation of the mRNA
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
The silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary RNA strand that binds and form dsRNA molecule and prevent translation of the mRNA

Solution:
This is gene subtraction. This method is used to change the genotype of a plant by either inactivation or removal of the gene. A nematode Meloidogyne incognita infects the roots of tobacco plants causing a great reduction in yield. The strategy adopted to prevent this damage was the RNA interference process (RNAi). RNAi is a naturally occurring mechanism that causes 'silencing' of the genes. This method involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary dsRNA molecule that binds to and prevent translation of mRNA.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
In RNAi, genes are silenced using:

Options:
A ss DNA
B ds DNA
C ds RNA
D ss RNA

The correct answer is:
ds RNA

Solution:
In RNAi, genes are silenced using dsRNA.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
In root nodules, leghaemoglobin

Options:
A helps in translocation of minerals
B acts as an oxygen scavenger
C acts as a catalyst in transamination
D transports oxygen to root nodule

The correct answer is:
acts as an oxygen scavenger

Solution:
Leghaemoglobin is the result of a symbiotic association between plants and bacteroids. The major role of it is to provide enough amounts of oxygen to bacteria for respiration as well as protect the nitrogenase enzyme from denaturation when exposed to the atmospheric oxygen. The leghaemoglobin absorbs or binds oxygen so that there is no amount of free oxygen left in the nodule and supplies this oxygen to the nodule bacteroids.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
In rotifers, syngamy is absent. Which mode of reproduction is observed in this organism instead?

Options:
A Parthenogenesis
B Apomixis
C Polyembryony
D Apospory

The correct answer is:
Parthenogenesis

Solution:
Development of egg cell or female gamete to form embryo without fertilization is called parthenogenesis. The organism thus formed will be haploid. This is observed in honey bees, rotifers, turkey and some lizards.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
In Rutherford experiment Î±- particles are scattered by nucleus having charge 100 e- . Initial kinetic energy of Î±- particles is 6 MeV . The size of the nucleus is

Options:
A 10-14 m
B 3×10-14 m
C 10-13 m
D 10-16 m

The correct answer is:
3×10-14 m

Solution:
A rough estimate of size of the nucleus r is given by the distance of closest approach d of an
α- particle incident head-on on a nucleus of charge Ze ;
K=12mv2=2Ze24πε0d≈2Ze24πε0r [where K=6 MeV, Z=10 ]
r=2×100×1.6×10-19×9×1096×106×1.6×10-19
r=3×10-14 m

Topic: Physics, Atomic Physics, NEET
In Rutherford’s experiment, generally the thin foil of heavy atoms, like gold, platinum etc. have been used to be bombarded by the α-particles. If the thin foil of light atoms like aluminium etc. is used, what difference would be observed from the above results ?

Options:
A The deflection of α-particles would be more pronounced in the aluminum foil due to its lighter atomic mass.
B The deflection of α-particles in the aluminum foil would be much less than in heavy foils, as lighter atoms offer less resistance to the passage of α-particles.
C There would be no significant difference in the deflection of α-particles between the aluminum foil and heavy foils, as the atomic mass of the foil material does not affect the scattering angle.
D The α-particles would not penetrate the aluminum foil and would be completely absorbed by it, resulting in no observable deflection.

The correct answer is:
The deflection of α-particles in the aluminum foil would be much less than in heavy foils, as lighter atoms offer less resistance to the passage of α-particles.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
The deflection of α-particles in the aluminum foil would be much less than in heavy foils, as lighter atoms offer less resistance to the passage of α-particles.

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
In salt hydrolysis, which category of salts undergoes hydrolysis?

Options:
A Salts formed from strong acids and strong bases
B Salts formed from strong acids and weak bases
C Salts formed from weak acids and strong bases
D Salts formed from weak acids and weak bases

The correct answer is:
Salts formed from strong acids and weak bases

Solution:
In salt hydrolysis, salts formed from strong acids and weak bases are the category of salts that undergo hydrolysis, affecting the pH of the solution.

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
In sea urchin DNA, which is double-stranded, 17% of the bases were shown to be cytosine. The percentages of the other three bases expected to be present in this DNA are

Options:
A G 34%, A 24.5%, T 24.5%
B G 17%, A 16.5%, T 32.5%
C G 17%, A 33%, T 33%
D G 8.5%, A 50%, T 24.5%

The correct answer is:
G 17%, A 33%, T 33%

Solution:
According to Chargaff's rule,
A = T, G = C
C = 17% So G = 17%
A+G / T+C =1
A + G + C + T = 100
A + 17 + 17 + T = 100
A + T = 100 - 34
So A = 33%, T = 33% = 66

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
In sea urchin DNA, which is double-stranded, 17% of the bases were shown to be cytosine. What are the percentages of other three bases expected to be present in this DNA?

Options:
A G=34%, A=24.5%, T=24.5%
B G=17%, A=16.5%, T=32.5%
C G=17%, A=33%, T=33%
D G=8.5%, A=50%, T=24.5%

The correct answer is:
G=17%, A=33%, T=33%

Solution:
In the DNA molecule, the nucleotides are base paired according to the Chargaff's rule of base equivalence, and it tells always tells adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine.
A = T, G = C
C = 17% So G = 17%
A+G / T+C =1
A + G + C + T = 100
A + 17 + 17 + T = 100
A + T = 100 - 34
So, A = 33%, T = 33% = 66

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
In sea water at a frequency ν = 4 × 108 Hz, which has a permittivity ε ≈ 80 εo, permeability µ ≈ µo, and resistivity ρ = 0.25 Ω–m, a parallel plate capacitor is immersed and driven by an alternating voltage source V(t) = Vo sin (2π νt). What fraction of the conduction current density is the displacement current density?

Options:
A 1/3
B 1/4
C 4/9
D 3/5

The correct answer is:
4/9

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
4/9

Topic: Chemistry, Electromagnetic Waves, NEET
In Selaginella, male gametes are

Options:
A Aflagellated
B Monoflagellated
C Biflagellated
D Multiflagellated

The correct answer is:
Biflagellated

Solution:
Sperms (antherozoids) of Selaginella are 128-256 in number and biflagellated sickle-shaped (curved).

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
In semiconductors at a room temperature:

Options:
A the valence band is partially empty and the condition band is partially filled
B the valance band is completely filled and the condition band is partially filled
C the valence band is completely filled
D the conduction band is completely empty

The correct answer is:
the valence band is partially empty and the condition band is partially filled

Solution:
In semi-conductor at a room temperature, the valence band is partially empty and the conductor band is partially filled.

Topic: Physics, Semiconductors, NEET, NEET 2004
In series LCR circuit R=18 Î© and impedance is 33 Î©. An RMS voltage of 220 V is applied across the circuit. The true power consumed in the AC circuit is

Options:
A 220 W
B 400 W
C 600 W
D 800 W

The correct answer is:
800 W

Solution:
P =erms.irms.cos⁡ϕ
=erms.ermsZ.RZ
=220×220×1833×33
=20×20×183×3
=20×20×2
=800 W

Topic: Physics, Alternating Current, NEET
In series R-L-C circuit, the root mean square voltage across the resistor and inductor are respectively 400 V and 700 V . If the equation for the applied voltage is E=5002sinâ¡Ït V, then the peak voltage across the capacitor is

Options:
A 1200 V
B 12002 V
C 400 V
D 4002 V

The correct answer is:
4002 V

Solution:
VR2+VL-VC2=Erms2
VL-VC2=5002-4002
VL-VC=(500)2-(400)2=300
VC=VL-300=700-300=400 V
∴ VCpeak=VC2=4002 V

Topic: Physics, Alternating Current, NEET
In sickle cell anaemia, glutamic acid is replaced by valine. Which one of the following triplets codes for valine?

Options:
A GGG
B GAG
C GAA
D GUG

The correct answer is:
GUG

Solution:
Sickle cell anaemia is caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin-beta gene found on chromosome 11. The defect is caused by the substitution of glutamic acid (Glu) by valine (Val) at the sixth position of the beta-globin chain of the haemoglobin molecule. The substitution of amino acid in the globin protein results due to the single base substitution at the sixth codon of the beta-globin gene from GAG to GUG.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
In sickle-cell anaemia, the defect is caused by the substitution of ____(i)____ by ____(ii)_____ in the ___(iii)___ position of the beta-globin chain of the haemoglobin molecule.

Options:
A (i) Val, (ii) Glu, (iii) nineth
B (i) Glu, (ii) Val, (iii) sixth
C (i) Val, (ii) Ser, (iii) fifth
D (i) Gly, (ii) Val, (iii) seventh

The correct answer is:
(i) Glu, (ii) Val, (iii) sixth

Solution:
The defect in sickle-cell anaemia is caused by the substitution of Glutamic acid (Glu) by Valine (Val) at the sixth position of the beta-globin chain of the haemoglobin molecule. The substitution of amino acid in the globin protein results due to the single base substitution at the sixth codon of the beta-globin gene from GAG to GUG. The mutant haemoglobin molecule undergoes polymerisation under low oxygen tension causing the change in the shape of the RBC from biconcave disc to elongated sickle-like structure.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
In sickle-cell anaemia, the shape of RBCs under oxygen tension becomes __________.

Options:
A biconcave disc like
B elongated and curved
C circular
D spherical

The correct answer is:
elongated and curved

Solution:
Sickle cell anemia is a type of genetic blood disorder which is inherited from the parents. The person suffering from it develops an abnormal haemoglobin that leads to elongated and curved or sickle shaped RBC.
Such condition occurs when the individual inherits two abnormal copies of gene for beta globin chain of haemoglobin from each parent. The abnormal hemoglobin formed is not able to carry enough oxygen and this causes formation of rigid, non-liquid protein strands that distort the shape of the RBC.
Sickle cell anemia is a recessive autosomal gene disorder that follows Mendelian inheritance pattern.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
In single slit diffraction of light of wavelength λ by a slit of width e, the size of the central maximum on a screen at a distance b is

Options:
A 2bλ+e
B 2bλe
C 2bÎ»e+e
D 2bλe-e

The correct answer is:
2bλe+e

Solution:
The direction in which the first minima occurs is Î¸ (say).
Then esinÎ¸=Î» or eÎ¸=Î»
Î¸=Î»e âµsinÎ¸=Î¸ when Î¸ is small
Width of the central maximum=2bÎ¸+e=2bÎ»e+e

Topic: Physics, Wave Optics, NEET
In sodium nitroprusside, the oxidation number, coordination number and EAN of iron are respectively

Options:
A +3, 6, 36
B +3, 6, 35
C +3, 3, 36
D 6, +3, 35

The correct answer is:
+3, 6, 35

Solution:
Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]
C.N. of Fe = 6
O.N. of Fe = +3
EAN = 26 – 3 + 12 = 35.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
In solid CuSO4.5H2O copper is co-ordinated to

Options:
A Five water molecules
B Four water molecules
C One sulphate anion
D One water molecule

The correct answer is:
Four water molecules

Solution:
Four water molecules. CuSO4.5H2O is a crystalline salt. Four H2O molecules attach to copper forming a square planar symmetry and two oxygen atoms from SO42- ion complete the distorted octahedron. The fifth water molecule is attached through hydrogen bonding between one of the co-ordinated water molecule and one of the sulphate ion.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
In solid state as well as in solution of non-polar solvents such as benzene, aluminium chloride exists as dimer, Al2Cl6. When it dissolved in water, it gives

Options:
A Al3++3Cl-
B [Al(H2O)6]3++3Cl-
C [Al(OH)6]3-+3HCl
D Al2O3+6HCl

The correct answer is:
[Al(H2O)6]3++3Cl-

Solution:
Al2Cl6+12H2O ⇌ 2[Al(H2O)6]3++6Cl-

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
In some angiosperms and gymnosperms, the multiple embryos are produced in the following way/ways?

Options:
A By fertilization of synergids or antipodal cells by sperms
B By cleavage of the single zygote
C One or more cells of the nucellus or integument develops into embryo
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
In some angiosperms and gymnosperms, the multiple embryos are produced by fertilization of synergids or antipodal cells by sperms (male gamete), by cleavage of the single zygote, by one or more cells of the nucellus or integument developing into embryo.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
In some animal groups, the body is found divided into compartments with a serial repetition of at least some organs. This characteristic feature is called

Options:
A Segmentation
B Metamerism
C Metagenesis
D Metamorphosis

The correct answer is:
Metamerism

Solution:
Metamerism is a phenomenon in which the body is found divided into compartments with a serial repetition of at least some organs.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
In some areas, farmers who grow genetically modified (GM) corn have to make sure there is a gap between GM and non-GM crops. What is the reason for leaving a gap between the crops?

Options:
A so they can get large machinery into the fields
B to prevent cross-pollination between GM and non-GM crops
C to prevent disease spreading between crops
D to prevent pests attacking crops

The correct answer is:
to prevent cross-pollination between GM and non-GM crops

Solution:
To avoid unwanted outcome and undesired effect it is advisable to not mix GMO with non-GMO. If they cross-pollinate and result in successful fertilisation can produce variation which might be harmful for the farmers business and/or to the ecosystem,

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
In some fungi such as _____, the fusion of two haploid cells immediately results in diploid cell while in other group of fungi like _____, an intervening dikaryotic stage occurs, called dikaryophase.

Options:
A Phycomycetes, Basidiomycetes
B Basidiomycetes, Ascomycetes
C Ascomycetes, Phycomycetes
D Phycomycetes, Deuteromycetes

The correct answer is:
Phycomycetes, Basidiomycetes

Solution:
In Fungi, sexual reproduction occurs by formation and fusion of two gametes with their nuclei. This type of reproduction is absent in the fungi group - Deuteromycetes.
In Sexual reproduction, the there is fusion of the nuclei as well as the cytoplasm. The former is referred to as Karyogamy and later as Plasmogamy. In fungi group, Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes, the karyogamy is delayed and takes place just before meiosis. In the stage intervening between plasmogamy and karyogamy the cells often contain two nuclei or Dikaryons (n+n) and the phase is known as dikaryophase. The life cycle of the such fungi have three phases.
Fungi group like Phycomycetes, dikaryophase is absent and fusion of the haploid gametes forms diploid cells.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
In some of the reactions thallium resembles aluminium, whereas in others it resembles group I metals. Support this statement by providing some evidence.

Options:
A Thallium forms a trivalent cation (Tl³⁺) in reactions similar to aluminium, indicating a similarity in its electronic configuration.
B Thallium readily forms a univalent cation (Tl⁺) in reactions similar to group I metals, demonstrating a similarity in its ionization behavior.
C Thallium exhibits both univalent and trivalent states, allowing it to exhibit properties of both aluminium and group I metals in different reactions.
D Thallium has a similar atomic radius to both aluminium and group I metals, contributing to its ability to exhibit similar properties in different reactions.

The correct answer is:
Thallium exhibits both univalent and trivalent states, allowing it to exhibit properties of both aluminium and group I metals in different reactions.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Thallium exhibits both univalent and trivalent states, allowing it to exhibit properties of both aluminium and group I metals in different reactions.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
In some organisms, karyokinesis is not followed by cytokinesis as a result of which the multinucleate condition arises leading to the formation of the syncytium. The perfect example of this is

Options:
A Appearance of a furrow in cell membrane
B Liquid endosperm in coconut
C Sexual reproduction
D Fertilization

The correct answer is:
Liquid endosperm in coconut

Solution:
Coconut endosperm is unique because of its early liquid syncytial stages, which forms a hard matured kernel at later stages of fruit development.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
In some organisms, what happens if karyokinesis is not followed by cytokinesis?

Options:
A A multinucleate condition arises leading to the formation of syncytium
B A single nuclei condition arises leading to the formation of syncytium
C A multinucleate condition arises leading to the formation of multiple nuclei
D A single nuclei condition arises leading to the formation of multiple nuclei

The correct answer is:
A multinucleate condition arises leading to the formation of syncytium

Solution:
In some organisms, if karyokinesis is not followed by cytokinesis, a multinucleate condition arises leading to the formation of syncytium (e.g., liquid endosperm in coconut).

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
In some plants like ____, roots arise from parts of the plant other than the part developed through radicle.

Options:
A banyan
B maize
C sweet potato
D all of these

The correct answer is:
all of these

Solution:
Roots that arise from parts of the plant other than radicle are called adventitious roots. For example: In banyan, prop roots are found that grow vertically downward into the soil and spreading branches. Adventitious roots of sweet potato, get swollen and store food. The stems of maize and sugarcane have supporting roots coming out of the lower nodes of the stem. These are called stilt roots.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
In some plants, pollen release and stigma receptivity are not synchronized. Stigma becomes receptive much before the release of pollen. This is known as:

Options:
A Protoandry
B Protogyny
C Homogamy
D Herkogamy

The correct answer is:
Protogyny

Solution:
Different timing of maturation of stamen and carpel of a bisexual flower is called dichogamy. If stamen matures first, it is called protoandry; if carpel matures first, it is called protogyny. Homogamy is the same timing of maturation of stamen and carpel.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
In some plants thalamus contributes to fruit formation. Such fruits are termed as:

Options:
A False fruits
B Aggregate fruits
C True fruits
D Parthenocarpic fruit

The correct answer is:
False fruits

Solution:
A true fruit is one which is developed from the ovary. E.g. Orange, Tomato, Pea.

A false or pseudocarp is one in which other parts of the flower such as the thalamus, receptacle or calyx may also grow and form a part of the fruit. E.g. Apple and Pear.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
In some plants, the female gamete develops into embryo without fertilization. This phenomenon is known as

Options:
A Autogamy
B Parthenocarpy
C Syngamy
D Parthenogenesis

The correct answer is:
Parthenogenesis

Solution:
Autogamy refers to the fusion of two gametes that come from one individual.
Syngamy is the fusion of two nuclei as in case of sexual reproduction.
Parthenocarpy is the development of fruit without prior fertilization.
The correct answer is Parthenogenesis. It is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development of embryos occur without fertilization.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
In some plants, the female gamete develops into embryo without fertilization. This phenomenon is known as

Options:
A Autogamy
B Parthenocarpy
C Syngamy
D Parthenogenesis

The correct answer is:
Parthenogenesis

Solution:
Autogamy refers to the fusion of two gametes that come from one individual.
Syngamy is the fusion of two nuclei as in case of sexual reproduction.
Parthenocarpy is the development of fruit without prior fertilization.
The correct answer is Parthenogenesis. It is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development of embryos occur without fertilization.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
In some plants, the leaves are short-lived and small. The petioles of such plants expand and become green. One such plant is:

Options:
A Cactus
B Venus fly-trap
C Australian acacia
D Peas

The correct answer is:
Australian acacia

Solution:
In some plants such as Australian acacia, the leaves are small and short-lived. The petioles in these plants expand, become green and synthesise food.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
In some prokaryotes like ____________, there are other membranous extensions in the cytoplasm called _________ which contain pigments.

Options:
A cyanobacteria and phycobilisomes
B cyanobacteria and chromatophores
C cyanobacteria and heterocysts
D archaebacteria and heterocysts

The correct answer is:
cyanobacteria and chromatophores

Solution:
In some prokaryotes like cyanobacteria, there are other membranous extensions into the cytoplasm called chromatophores which contain pigments. Heterocyst is specialized cells present in some cyanobacteria which carries nitrogen fixation. They contain enzyme nitrogenase by which they carry out nitrogen fixation.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
In some prokaryotes, some membranous extensions are present in the cytoplasm which contain pigments, known as _________

Options:
A Mesosomes
B Volutin
C Chromatophore
D Chromatids

The correct answer is:
Chromatophore

Solution:
In blue-green algae some membranous extensions are present in the cytoplasm which are known as chromatophores which contain pigments. These pigments help in photosynthesis.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
In some seeds, remnants of nucellus are persistent. Such seeds are called

Options:
A Albuminous seed
B Ex-albuminous seed
C Perispermic seed
D Non-albuminous seed

The correct answer is:
Perispermic seed

Solution:
Occasionally, in some seeds such as black pepper and beet, remnants of nucellus are also persistent. This residual, persistent nucellus is the perisperm.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
In soyabean, the fixed nitrogen is transported in the form of

Options:
A nitrite.
B ureides.
C molecular nitrogen.
D protein.

The correct answer is:
ureides.

Solution:
Amides contain more nitrogen than the amino acids. They are transported to other parts of the plant via xylem vessels. In addition, along with the transpiration stream, the nodules of some plants (e.g., soyabean) export the fixed nitrogen as ureides.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET