datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the girdling experiment?

Options:
A Transport of food is bidirectional.
B Xylem is the tissue responsible for translocation of food.
C Xylem is the tissue responsible for the transport of water.
D Phloem is the tissue responsible for translocation of food.

The correct answer is:
Phloem is the tissue responsible for translocation of food.

Solution:
A simple experiment, called girdling, was used to identify the tissues through which food is transported. On the trunk of a tree a ring of bark up to a depth of the phloem layer, can be carefully removed. In the absence of downward movement of food the portion of the bark above the ring on the stem becomes swollen after a few weeks. This simple experiment shows that phloem is the tissue responsible for translocation of food; and that transport takes place in one direction, i.e., towards the roots.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
Which of the following condition arises in subsequent pregnancies after the first normal pregnancy?

Options:
A Rh incompatibility disease
B Erythroblastosis foetalis
C Muscular dystrophy
D Both (A) and (B)

The correct answer is:
Both (A) and (B)

Solution:
Erythroblastosis fetalis classically results from Rh incompatibility, which may develop when a woman with Rh-negative blood is impregnated by a man with Rh-positive blood and conceives a fetus with Rh-positive blood, sometimes resulting in hemolysis. A mother who is Rh-negative may develop antibodies to an Rh-positive baby. If a small amount of the babyâs blood mixes with the mother's blood, which often happens in such situations, the mother's body may respond as if it is allergic to the baby. The mother's body may make antibodies to the Rh antigens in the babyâs blood. This means the mother has become sensitized and her antibodies may cross the placenta and attack the babyâs blood. Such an attack breaks down the foetusâs red blood cells, creating anaemia (a low number of red blood cells). This condition is called a hemolytic disease or hemolytic anaemia.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Which of the following condition will be observed in a person suffering from sickle cell anemia?

Options:
A

DNA	mRNA	Amino acid at 6th position of β chain

CTC	GAG	Valine

B

DNA	mRNA	Amino acid at 6th position of β chain

CAC	GUG	Glutamic acid

C

DNA	mRNA	Amino acid at 6th position of β chain

CTC	GAG	Glutamic acid

D

DNA	mRNA	Amino acid at 6th position of β chain

CAC	GUG	Valine

The correct answer is:

DNA	mRNA	Amino acid at 6th position of β chain

CAC	GUG	Valine

Solution:
In sickle cell anemia the codon, instead of the normal codon GAG, the messenger RNA will contain the codon GUG. This in turn will result in a mistake during translation. In a healthy individual the codon GAG on the messenger RNA matches with the anticodon CUC on the transfer RNA carrying the amino acid glutamic acid. However, if the mutated gene is present then GUG on the messenger RNA matches with the anticodon CAC on the transfer RNA which carries the amino acid valine

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which of the following condition will inhibit decomposition?

Options:
A Aerobic condition
B High temperature
C Moderate temperature
D Low temperature

The correct answer is:
Low temperature

Solution:
Decomposition is largely an oxygen-requiring process. The rate of decomposition is controlled by chemical composition of detritus and climatic factors. In a particular climatic condition, decomposition rate is slower if detritus is rich in lignin and chitin, and quicker, if detritus is rich in nitrogen and water-soluble substances like sugars. Temperature and soil moisture are the most important climatic factors that regulate decomposition through their effects on the activities of soil microbes. Warm and moist environment favour decomposition whereas low temperature and anaerobiosis inhibit decomposition resulting in buildup of organic materials.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Which of the following conditions are favourable for physisorption

Options:
A High temperature, more surface area
B Low temperature, more surface area
C Low temperature, less surface area
D High temperature, less surface area

The correct answer is:
Low temperature, more surface area

Solution:
Correct Option is : 2
Low temperature, more surface area

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Which of the following conditions are seen because of the structure and arrangement of flowers in maize and papaya?

Maize	Papaya

I.	Autogamy	Prevented	Prevented

Geitonogamy	Prevented	Prevented

II.	Autogamy	Prevented	Prevented

Geitonogamy	Prevented	Allowed

III.	Autogamy	Allowed	Prevented

Geitonogamy	Prevented	Allowed

IV.	Autogamy	Prevented	Prevented

Geitonogamy	Allowed	Prevented

Options:
A I.
B II.
C III.
D IV.

The correct answer is:
IV.

Solution:
Autogamy is a type of pollination in which pollen grains produced by one flower are deposited on the stigma of the same flower. Geitonogamy is a type of pollination in which pollen grains produced by one flower are deposited on the stigma of another flower but on the same plant.
Zea mays or maize produces unisexual flowers. The male flowers and female flowers present on the same plant. Thus, it is a monoecious plant. In this autogamy is prevented but geitonogamy will occur.
Carica papaya or papaya also produces unisexual flowers. The male flowers and female flowers present on different plants. Thus, it is a dioecious plant. In this, both autogamy and geitonogamy are prevented.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of the following conditions are the most favourable for cyclic photophosphorylation?

Options:
A anaerobic condition and high CO2
B aerobic and high CO2
C aerobic and low light intensity
D anaerobic and low light intensity

The correct answer is:
anaerobic and low light intensity

Solution:
Cyclic photophosphorylation is a process which does not involve oxygen and the electrons are passed from P700 to PS-I and again back to P700 via the electron transport chain. The inorganic compounds act as the source of energy with the formation of ATP no release of oxygen taking place. The chlorophyll captures the sunlight and converts it to energy in form of ATP and NADPH which is then stored in it and used in the further process of photophosphorylation. Therefore the cyclic photophosphorylation requires anaerobic conditions with low light.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
Which of the following conditions cause erythroblastosis foetalis?

Options:
A Mother Rh+ve and foetus Rh-ve
B Mother Rh-ve and foetus Rh+ve
C Both mother and foetus Rh-ve
D Both mother and foetus Rh+ve

The correct answer is:
Mother Rh-ve and foetus Rh+ve

Solution:
A special case of Rh incompatibility (mismatching) has been observed between the Rh-ve blood of a pregnant mother with Rh+ve blood of the foetus. The Rh-ve mother is not usually exposed to the Rh antigen of the foetus during the first pregnancy as the foetal and maternal blood are normally kept well separated by the placental barriers. However, at the time of the birth of the first child, there is a possibility of exposure of the maternal blood to a small amount of Rh+ve blood from the foetus. Hence, the body of the mother starts preparing antibodies against Rh antigens in her blood.

These antibodies (a type of IgG antibody) could cross the placental barriers in subsequent pregnancies and cause haemolysis of the Rh+ve red blood cells of the foetus. This could be fatal to the foetus or could cause severe anaemia and jaundice to the baby (HDN- a haemolytic disease of newly born). This condition is called erythroblastosis fetalis.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
Which of the following conditions is essential for the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene to occur?

Options:
A Presence of water
B Presence of oxygen
C Anhydrous environment
D High temperature

The correct answer is:
Anhydrous environment

Solution:
Anhydrous conditions (absence of water) are essential for the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene to prevent side reactions and the hydrolysis of the reagents.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Which of the following conditions is essential for the synthesis of phenol from chlorobenzene using NaOH?

Options:
A Low temperature and low pressure.
B High temperature and high pressure.
C Low temperature and high pressure.
D High temperature and low pressure.

The correct answer is:
High temperature and high pressure.

Solution:
High temperature and pressure are necessary to accelerate the nucleophilic substitution reaction between chlorobenzene and sodium hydroxide.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which of the following conditions is found in the aveoli which is favourable for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin?

Options:
A Higher H+ concentration
B Low pO2
C Low temperature
D High pCO2

The correct answer is:
Low temperature

Solution:
In the alveoli, where there is high pO2, low pCO2, lesser H+ concentration and lower temperature, the factors are all favourable for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin, whereas in the tissues, where low pO2, high pCO2, high H+ concentration and higher temperature exist, the conditions are favourable for dissociation of oxygen from the oxyhaemoglobin.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Which of the following conditions is necessary for the addition of concentrated sulphuric acid to alkenes?

Options:
A High temperature
B Cold temperature
C High pressure
D Ultraviolet light

The correct answer is:
Cold temperature

Solution:
Concentrated sulphuric acid is added to alkenes under cold conditions to follow the Markovnikov rule.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Which of the following conditions is necessary for the success of Kolbe's electrolytic method?

Options:
A High temperature
B Low pH
C Aqueous solution
D Absence of water

The correct answer is:
Aqueous solution

Solution:
The Kolbe's electrolytic method requires an aqueous solution of the sodium or potassium salt of a carboxylic acid to be successful.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Which of the following conditions is not linked to a deficiency of thyroid hormones?

Options:
A Cretinism
B Goitre
C Myxedema
D Exophthalmia

The correct answer is:
Exophthalmia

Solution:
Option (d) is the answer.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following conditions on the direction of momentum would result in non-intersecting circular orbits for an electron and a positron released in a uniform magnetic field B = 0 B i, each having an equal momentum magnitude p = e BR?

Options:
A cos θ < 1/4
B cos θ < 3/8
C cosθ < 1/2
D cosθ < 3/4

The correct answer is:
cos θ < 3/8

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
cos θ < 3/8

Topic: Chemistry, Magnetic Effects of Current, NEET
Which of the following conditions will shift the oxygen dissociation curve to the right?

Options:
A Low pCO2
B Low H+ concentration
C Low pO2
D Low temperature

The correct answer is:
Low pO2

Solution:
Oxygen binds with hemoglobin in a reversible manner to form oxyhemoglobin. A maximum of four oxygen molecules is carried by each Hb. The binding of oxygen is related to the partial pressure of O2 whereas partial pressure of CO2, hydrogen ion concentration, and temperature are factors interfering with its binding. The factors which are favorable for formation of oxyhemoglobin in the alveoli are high pO2, lesser H+ concentration, low pCO2, and lower temperature. These conditions shift the oxygen dissociation curve to the left. The low pO2, high pCO2, high H+ concentration, and higher temperature in the tissues are all the conditions leading to dissociation of oxygen from the oxyhemoglobin. These conditions shift the oxygen dissociation curve to the right.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Which of the following conditions will stimulate parathyroid gland to release parathyroid hormone?

Options:
A Fall in active vitamin-D levels
B Fall in blood $\mathrm{Ca}^{+2}$ levels
C Fall in bone $\mathrm{Ca}^{+2}$ levels
D Rise in blood $\mathrm{Ca}^{+2}$ levels

The correct answer is:
Fall in blood $\mathrm{Ca}^{+2}$ levels

Solution:
The fall in blood $\mathrm{Ca}^{+2}$ levels is the condition which will stimulate parathyroid gland to release parathyroid hormone. This hormone exerts its effects on bones and kidneys. When calcium levels are low, parathyroid hormone is released by the parathyroid glands into the blood and causes the bones to release calcium and increase levels in the bloodstream.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Which of the following configuration has highest ionisation energy?

Options:
A 1s22s22p1
B 1s22s22p3
C 1s22s22p2
D 1s22s22p4

The correct answer is:
1s22s22p3

Solution:
Due to high stability of half-filled orbitals, it has high ionisation energy.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
Which of the following configuration of ions has zero CFSE in both strong and weak ligand fields?

Options:
A d10
B d8
C d6
D d4

The correct answer is:
d10

Solution:
d10 configuration has zero CFSE in both strong and weak ligand field. In other cases given here its value depends upon type of ligands used.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Which of the following configurations, forms an outer octahedral complex only ?

Options:
A d4
B d8
C d6
D None of these

The correct answer is:
d8

Solution:
d4: Forms outer complex in high spin and forms inner complex in low spin. It cannot form octahedral complex.
d6 : In low spin it forms inner octahedral complex and in high spin forms outer octahedral complex.
d8 : Forms only outer high spin octahedral complex.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Which of the following conformation of n-butane is chiral?

Options:
A
B
C
D All of these

The correct answer is:

Solution:
In this there is no plane of symmetry so it optically active

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Which of the following connections in the human heart is CORRECT?

I. Fossa ovalis connects the right atrium to the left atrium
II. Ligamentum arteriosum connects the aorta and pulmonary trunk
III. Coronary sinus connects coronary veins to the left atrium
IV. A pulmonary trunk connects the right ventricle to the lungs

Options:
A I and III
B II and IV
C I, II and IV
D I, II and III

The correct answer is:
I, II and IV

Solution:
Fossa ovalis is a depression found in the inter-atrial septum. It is formed by the fusion of foramen ovale present in the fetal heart which connects the right atrium to the left atrium. Ligamentum arteriosum connects the aorta and pulmonary trunk. It is formed by the obliteration of ductus arteriosus in the fetus. A pulmonary trunk connects the right ventricle to the lungs. Coronary sinus connects coronary veins to the right atrium and not to left atrium.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Which of the following constitute 50% of the lymphoid tissue in humans?

Options:
A Bone marrow
B Thymus
C Spleen
D MALT

The correct answer is:
MALT

Solution:
Lymphoid tissue located within the lining of the major
tracts (respiratory, digestive, and urogenital tracts) is called mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). It constitutes about 50 percent of the lymphoid tissue in the human body.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Which of the following constitutes a set amphoteric species –

Options:
A H3O+,H2PO4-,HCO3-
B H2O,HPO42-,H2PO2-
C H2O,H2PO4-,HPO42-
D HC2O4-,H2PO4-,SO42-

The correct answer is:
H2O,H2PO4-,HPO42-

Solution:
Amphoteric species can behave like acids and base i.e. it can donate and accept H+ ion.

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
Which of the following constitutes of a micro-ecosystem?

Options:
A Ocean
B Pond
C Log of wood
D Kitchen garden

The correct answer is:
Pond

Solution:
A community of organisms interacting with abiotic component in a particular region/area will be called as ecosystem. The living and non-living components are linked together by the nutrient cycles and energy flow through each trophic level.
Regions or locations defined by critical environmental factors within small spaces contain the micro-ecosystem. Pond is a classic example of microecosystem with limited water volume generally for short duration. These are generally colonized by organisms which are do not live in water continuously and by organisms possessing drought-resistant spores in their life cycle.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Which of the following contains both polar and non - planar bonds?

Options:
A NH4Cl
B HCN
C H2O2
D CH4

The correct answer is:
H2O2

Solution:
H2O2 has skewed structure and has restricted rotation about O - O bond due to repulsion between OH groups
it is polar and non planar both

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which of the following contains calcium -

Options:
A Chalcocite
B Carnalite
C Cassiterite
D Dolomite

The correct answer is:
Dolomite

Solution:
Dolomite is CaMg(CO3)2 , source of Ca and Mg

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Which of the following contains Nitrogen in it?

Options:
A Asparagine
B Aspartic acid
C Methionine
D Cysteine

The correct answer is:
Asparagine

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
Asparagine

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following contains same number of atoms as 20 g of calcium?

Options:
A 24 g of Mg
B 8 g of O-atoms
C 12 g of Carbon
D 16 g of O-atoms

The correct answer is:
8 g of O-atoms

Solution:
Number of atoms in 20 g Ca=weightAtomic weightÃNA
=2040Ã6.023Ã1023=3.0115Ã1023 atoms
A. Number of atoms in 24 g Mg=2424Ã6.023Ã1023=6.023Ã1023 atoms
B. Number of atoms in 12 g Carbon=1212Ã6.023Ã1023=6.023Ã1023 atoms
C. Number of atoms in 8 g Oxygen=816Ã6.023Ã1023=3.0115Ã1023 atoms
D. Number of atoms in 16 g Oxygen=1616Ã6.023Ã1023=6.023Ã1023 atoms

Topic: Chemistry, Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, NEET
Which of the following contains sulphur in it?

Options:
A Cysteine
B Serine
C Threonine
D Glutamine

The correct answer is:
Cysteine

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
Cysteine

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following contraceptive devices also protect the users against sexually transmitted diseases?

Options:
A Condom
B Diaphragm
C IUD
D Both A and C

The correct answer is:
Condom

Solution:
The use of a condom by males and fem-shield or femidomin females protect the users against AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. These devices are made of rubber, latex-sheath can prevent the deposition of semen in the vagina of female.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following contraceptive devices is having a common mechanism of action?

Options:
A Vaults and condoms
B CuT and Multiload 375
C Progestasert and Cervical caps
D Mala D and Lippes loop

The correct answer is:
CuT and Multiload 375

Solution:
A. IUDs (Intra-uterine devices) -
Types and examples of IUDs -
1. Non-medicated IUDs - Lippes loop.
2. Copper releasing IUDs - CuT, Cu7, Multiload 375.
3. Hormone releasing IUDs - Progestasert, LNG-20.
- IUDs are ideal contraceptives for the females who want to create space in their children.
- In India, it is one of the most widely accepted methods of contraception.
B. Vaults, condoms and cervical caps are barrier methods. Vaults don't prevent insemination, while condoms prevent insemination.
C. Mala D is a combined oral pill.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following contraceptive method cannot be practically used?

Options:
A Condoms
B Copper releasing IUDs
C Implants
D Lactational amenorrhea

The correct answer is:
Lactational amenorrhea

Solution:
Lactational amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) method is a natural method of contraception and is based on the fact that ovulation and therefore the cycle does not occur due to high levels of Prolactin hormones which inhibits the formation of gonadotropins during the period of intense lactation following parturition. Therefore, as long as the mother breast-feeds the child fully, chances of conception are almost nil. However, this method has been reported to be effective only up to a maximum period of six months following parturition. As no medicines or devices are used in these methods, side effects are almost nil. Chances of failure, though, of this method are also high and hence not a reliable method.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following contraceptive method has high rate of failure?

Options:
A Oral contraceptive pills
B Implants
C Barrier method
D Periodic abstinence

The correct answer is:
Periodic abstinence

Solution:
Natural methods work on the principle of avoiding chances of ovum and sperms meeting. They are of three types: (i) Periodic abstinence, (ii) Withdrawal or Coitus interruptus, and (iii) Lactational amenorrhea.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following contraceptive method has least failure rate?

Options:
A Lactational amenorrhoea
B Condom
C Cervical cap
D Implants

The correct answer is:
Implants

Solution:
Natural methods of contraception have the highest rate of failure. This includes-lactational amenorrhoea, periodic abstinence, and withdrawal method. Barrier methods have a medium chance of failure, includes condom, diaphragm, cervical cap, and vault.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following contraceptive method is used can also help in preventing STD?

Options:
A Coitus withdrawal
B Diaphragms
C Condoms
D Oral contraceptives

The correct answer is:
Condoms

Solution:
Condoms are barriers made of thin rubber/ latex sheath that are used to cover the penis in the male or vagina and cervix in the female, just before coitus so that the ejaculated semen would not enter into the female reproductive tract. This can prevent conception. âNirodhâ is a popular brand of condom for the male. The use of condoms has increased in recent years due to its additional benefit of protecting the user from contracting STIs and AIDS.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following contraceptive pills has been manufactured by CDRI Lucknow?

Options:
A Saheli
B Copper T
C Norplant
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
Saheli

Solution:
CDRI when the first non-steroidal once a week pill, centchroman was devloped by CDRI that reached the general public by the end of 1980's . It is marketed under trade name of Saheli and Centchroman (INN: Ormeloxifene) is the first non-steroidal oral contraceptive pill anywhere in the world.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following contraceptive protect the user from contracting STDs and AIDS?

Options:
A Condoms
B Copper T
C Saheli
D Norplant

The correct answer is:
Condoms

Solution:
A condom is a sheath-shaped barrier device used during sexual intercourse to reduce the probability of pregnancy or a sexually transmitted infection.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following contraceptives protects the user from contracting STDs and AIDS?

Options:
A Condoms
B Copper T
C Saheli
D Norplant

The correct answer is:
Condoms

Solution:
A condom is a sheath and barrier device used during sexual intercourse to reduce the probability of pregnancy or a sexually transmitted infection.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following contribute to an increase in population density?

Options:
A Natality and immigration
B Mortality and emigration
C Natality and mortality
D Immigration and emigration

The correct answer is:
Natality and immigration

Solution:
Two processes, natality and immigration, contribute to an increase in population density, while two others, mortality and emigration, contribute to a decrease.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET