datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
According to Einsteinâs photoelectric equation, the plot of the kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons from a metal versus the frequency of the incident radiation gives a straight line whose slope

Options:
A depends on the nature of the metal used
B depends on the intensity of the radiation
C depends both on the intensity of the radiation and the metal used
D is the same for all metals and is independent of the intensity of the radiation

The correct answer is:
is the same for all metals and is independent of the intensity of the radiation

Solution:
According to Einsteinâs equation,
Kinetic energy =hf-Ï where kinetic energy and f (frequency) are variables, compare it with equation,
y=mx+c
slope of line = h (h is Planckâs constant.)
Hence the slope is same for all metals and independent of the intensity of radiation.

Topic: Physics, Dual Nature of Matter, NEET
According to embryological support for evolution, what is the functional organ in the embryonic stage of vertebrates?

Options:
A A row of vestigial gill slits
B A tail
C A notochord
D A heart

The correct answer is:
A row of vestigial gill slits

Solution:
According to embryological support for evolution, the functional organ in the embryonic stage of vertebrates is a row of vestigial gill slits, which is only present in fish and not found in any other adult vertebrates.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
According to Euro-IV norms, the quantity of sulphur in petrol and diesel should not exceed the amount of

Options:
A 50 p.p.m.
B 150 p.p.m. and 350 p.p.m.
C 20 p.p.m. and 150 p.p.m.
D 350 p.p.m. and 500 p.p.m.

The correct answer is:
50 p.p.m.

Solution:
The government of India through a new auto fuel policy has laid out a road map to cut down vechicular pollution in Indian cities. The roadmap was to reduce sulphur to 50ppm in petrol and diesel and bring down the level of aromatic hydrocarbon to 35%.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
According to Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis, what is the relationship between the amount of chemical reaction and the quantity of electricity passed through the electrolyte?

Options:
A They are unrelated
B They are inversely proportional
C They are directly proportional
D They are exponentially related

The correct answer is:
They are directly proportional

Solution:
Faraday's First Law states that the amount of chemical reaction is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the electrolyte.

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET
According to Faraday's Second Law of Electrolysis, what is the relationship between the amounts of different substances liberated during electrolysis and their chemical equivalent weights?

Options:
A They are inversely proportional
B They are directly proportional
C They are unrelated
D They are exponentially related

The correct answer is:
They are directly proportional

Solution:
Faraday's Second Law states that the amounts of different substances liberated are directly proportional to their chemical equivalent weights.

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET
According to fossils that are discovered up to present time, from which country the origin and evolution of man was started?

Options:
A France
B Java
C Africa
D China

The correct answer is:
Africa

Solution:
Modern humans originated in Africa 200,000 years ago and evolved from their most likely recent common ancestor, Homo erectus that lived between 1.9 million and 135,000 years ago.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2002
According to Freundlich isotherm, when 1/n is equal to 0, what does it imply about the adsorption?

Options:
A Adsorption is independent of pressure.
B Adsorption varies directly with pressure.
C Adsorption is irreversible.
D Adsorption is negligible.

The correct answer is:
Adsorption is independent of pressure.

Solution:
The paragraph states that when 1/n is equal to 0 in the Freundlich isotherm, x/m becomes constant, indicating that adsorption is independent of pressure.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
According to Freundlich isotherm, when 1/n is equal to 1, what does it imply about the adsorption?

Options:
A Adsorption is independent of pressure.
B Adsorption varies directly with pressure.
C Adsorption is irreversible.
D Adsorption is negligible.

The correct answer is:
Adsorption varies directly with pressure.

Solution:
The paragraph mentions that when 1/n is equal to 1 in the Freundlich isotherm, x/m is proportional to pressure, indicating that adsorption varies directly with pressure.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
According to Freundlich's equation, what does a slope of 1/n in the plot of log x/m vs log C indicate?

Options:
A Temperature dependence
B Pressure dependence
C Surface area dependence
D Concentration dependence

The correct answer is:
Concentration dependence

Solution:
In Freundlich's equation, the slope of 1/n in the plot of log x/m vs log C indicates the concentration dependence of adsorption.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
According to Gauss law of electrostatics, electric flux through a closed surface depends on

Options:
A The shape of the surface
B The volume enclosed by the surface
C The area of the surface
D The quantity of charges enclosed by the surface

The correct answer is:
The quantity of charges enclosed by the surface

Solution:
According to Gauss' law
$\phi=\oint \vec{E} \cdot d \vec{s}=\frac{q_{\text {enclosed }}}{\varepsilon_0}$
$\therefore \quad$ Flux depends on quantity of charges enclosed by surface.

Topic: Physics, Electrostatics, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
According to Henry's law, what is the relationship between the mass of a gas dissolved in a solvent and the pressure of the gas above the solvent?

Options:
A The mass of the gas is inversely proportional to the pressure.
B There is no relationship between them.
C The mass of the gas is directly proportional to the pressure.
D The mass of the gas decreases with increasing pressure.

The correct answer is:
The mass of the gas is directly proportional to the pressure.

Solution:
Henry's law states that the mass of a gas dissolved in a given mass of a solvent is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the solvent.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Equilibrium, NEET
According to Henry's Law, what is the solubility of a gas in a liquid directly proportional to?

Options:
A Temperature of the liquid
B Volume of the liquid
C Partial pressure of the gas above the liquid
D Concentration of the gas in the liquid

The correct answer is:
Partial pressure of the gas above the liquid

Solution:
Henry's Law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
According to Hess's law, how can bond enthalpies be calculated?

Options:
A By measuring the temperature change during bond formation.
B By averaging the bond strengths of different compounds.
C By calculating the enthalpy change for a reaction using bond enthalpies of reactants and products.
D By measuring the electrical conductivity of a substance.

The correct answer is:
By calculating the enthalpy change for a reaction using bond enthalpies of reactants and products.

Solution:
Hess's law allows us to calculate bond enthalpies by determining the enthalpy change of a reaction and using bond enthalpies of the substances involved.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
According to Hess’s law, the heat of reaction depends upon

Options:
A Intermediate path of the reaction
B Initial and final conditions of reactants
C End conditions of reactants
D Initial condition of reactants

The correct answer is:
Initial and final conditions of reactants

Solution:
According to Hess’s law. The heat of reaction depends upon initial and final conditions of reactants.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
According to Hugo de Vries, the mechanism of evolution is

Options:
A Phenotypic variations
B Saltation
C Multiple step mutations
D Minor mutations

The correct answer is:
Saltation

Solution:
According to Hugo de Vries, the mechanism of evolution is saltation.
Hugo de Vries (1901) proposed the mutation theory of evolution and stated that evolution is a jerky process in which new species are evolved due to discontinuous sudden variations or saltation. These are the single step large mutations occurring in the population.
de Vries believed that evolution was a result of larger mutations opposed to Darwin's minor heritable variations or phenotypic variations. As mentioned, these mutations are achieved in a single step rather than multiple.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2018
According to Hund's rule, how are the d electrons in t2g orbitals of a metal ion distributed in d2 and d3 coordination entities?

Options:
A Paired together
B Distributed randomly
C Occupying t2g orbitals singly
D Occupying eg orbitals singly

The correct answer is:
Occupying t2g orbitals singly

Solution:
According to Hund's rule, in d2 and d3 coordination entities, the d electrons occupy the t2g orbitals singly.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
According to Huygen's principle, during refraction of light from air to a denser medium

Options:
A Wavelength decreases but speed increases
B Wavelength increases but speed decreases
C Wavelength and speed both increase
D Wavelength and speed both decrease

The correct answer is:
Wavelength and speed both decrease

Solution:
When light ray goes from air to denser medium, then its wavelength and speed decreases because every medium have a different velocity of light.

Topic: Physics, Wave Optics, NEET
According to IUPAC convention, name of the following compound is

Options:
A 3-chloro-5-ethyl ethylbenzene
B ethyl-3-chloro-5-ethylbenzoate
C metachloro-metaethyl ethylbenzoate
D Both B and C are correct

The correct answer is:
ethyl-3-chloro-5-ethylbenzoate

Solution:
The IUPAC name of this compound is ethyl-3-chloro-5-ethylbenzoate.
Ester group has the highest priority hence ethyl benzoate. Chloro and ethyl are numbered alphabetically because they are equidistant.

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET
According to IUPAC conventions in chemical thermodynamics, what does a positive sign for wad indicate?

Options:
A Work is done by the system
B Work is done on the system, and its internal energy decreases
C Work is done by the system, and its internal energy increases
D Work is done on the system, and its internal energy increases

The correct answer is:
Work is done by the system, and its internal energy increases

Solution:
In IUPAC conventions, a positive sign for wad indicates that work is done on the system, and as a result, the internal energy of the system increases.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
According to IUPAC, how are transition metals defined?

Options:
A Metals with full d subshells.
B Metals with full s subshells.
C Metals with incomplete d subshells.
D Metals with complete p subshells.

The correct answer is:
Metals with incomplete d subshells.

Solution:
According to IUPAC, transition metals are defined as metals which have incomplete d subshell either in neutral atom or in their ions, as mentioned in the paragraph.

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
According to IUPAC nomenclature sodium nitroprusside is named as:

Options:
A sodium nitroferricyanide
B sodium nitroferrocyanide
C sodium pentacyanonitrosyl ferrate (II)
D sodium pentacyanonitrosyl ferrate (III)

The correct answer is:
sodium pentacyanonitrosyl ferrate (II)

Solution:
Sodium nitroprusside
$$
\mathrm{Na}_2\left[\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{CN}_5\right) \mathrm{NO}\right]
$$
Let oxidation state of $\mathrm{Fe}$ is $x$ in this compound.
$$
\begin{aligned}
& +2+x+(-1) 5+1=0 \\
& \text { or }+2+x-5+1=0 \text { or } x=+2
\end{aligned}
$$
Thus IUPAC name of sodium nitroprusside is sodium pentacyanonitrosyl ferrate (II)

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET, NEET 2003
According to Kekulé's initial structure of benzene, how many double bonds are there in benzene?

Options:
A Three
B Four
C Five
D Six

The correct answer is:
Three

Solution:
According to Kekulé's initial structure, there are three double bonds in benzene.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
According to kinetic theory, what is assumed to be directly proportional to the absolute temperature?

Options:
A Pressure
B Volume
C Kinetic energy
D Molecule speed

The correct answer is:
Kinetic energy

Solution:
Kinetic theory assumes that the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.

Topic: Chemistry, States of Matter, NEET
According to Kössel's observations, what separates the highly electronegative halogens and the highly electropositive alkali metals in the periodic table?

Options:
A Noble gases
B Transition metals
C Alkaline earth metals
D Metalloids

The correct answer is:
Noble gases

Solution:
Kössel observed that noble gases separate the highly electronegative halogens and the highly electropositive alkali metals in the periodic table.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
According to Lamarck, how did giraffes acquire long necks?

Options:
A Inheritance of acquired characteristics
B Natural selection
C Adaptation to the environment
D Elongation through use and disuse

The correct answer is:
Inheritance of acquired characteristics

Solution:
Lamarck believed that giraffes acquired long necks through inheritance of acquired characteristics, which is the idea that an organism can pass on traits it has acquired during its lifetime to its offspring.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
According to law of photochemical equivalence the energy absorbed (in erg/ mole $)$ is given as $\left(h=6.62 \times 10^{-27}\right.$ ergs, $\mathrm{c}=3 \times 10^{10} \mathrm{~cm} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}, \mathrm{~N}_{\mathrm{A}}=6.02 \times 10^{-23}$ $\left.\mathrm{mol}^{-1}\right)$ :

Options:
A $\frac{1.196 \times 10^8}{\lambda}$
B $\frac{2.859 \times 10^5}{\lambda}$
C $\frac{2.859 \times 10^{16}}{\lambda}$
D $\frac{1.196 \times 10^{16}}{\lambda}$

The correct answer is:
$\frac{1.196 \times 10^8}{\lambda}$

Solution:
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \mathrm{E}=\frac{h c \mathrm{~N}_{\Lambda}}{\lambda} \\
& =\frac{6.62 \times 10^{-27} \times 3 \times 10^{10} \times 6.02 \times 10^{23}}{\lambda} \\
& =\frac{1.196 \times 10^8}{\lambda} \mathrm{ergs} / \mathrm{mol}
\end{aligned}
$$

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
According to Le Chatelier's principle, what can be ignored when applying pressure changes to a heterogeneous equilibrium?

Options:
A Solids and liquids
B Gases
C Temperature
D Catalysts

The correct answer is:
Solids and liquids

Solution:
Applying Le Chatelier’s principle to a heterogeneous equilibrium, the effect of pressure changes on solids and liquids can be ignored because the volume (and concentration) of a solution/liquid is nearly independent of pressure.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Equilibrium, NEET
According to Le Chatelier's principle, what effect does high pressure have on the formation of ammonia?

Options:
A It inhibits the formation of ammonia
B It has no effect on the formation of ammonia
C It favors the formation of ammonia
D It causes the ammonia to decompose

The correct answer is:
It favors the formation of ammonia

Solution:
The paragraph states that high pressure favors the formation of ammonia, in accordance with Le Chatelier's principle.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
According to Le Chatelier's principle, what happens when equilibrium is disturbed by the addition of a reactant or product?

Options:
A The reaction shifts in the reverse direction.
B The concentration stress of the added substance is relieved by net reaction in the direction that consumes it.
C The reaction comes to a complete stop.
D The concentration stress of the added substance is relieved by net reaction in the direction that replenishes it.

The correct answer is:
The concentration stress of the added substance is relieved by net reaction in the direction that consumes it.

Solution:
Le Chatelier's principle predicts that when a reactant or product is added, the equilibrium shifts in the direction that consumes the added substance.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Equilibrium, NEET
According to MOT, for O2 +

Options:
A Bond order is less than O2 & O2 + is paramagnetic
B Bond order is greater than O2 & O2 + is paramagnetic
C Bond order is less than O2 & O2 + is diamagnetic
D Bond order is greater than O2 & O2 + is diamagnetic

The correct answer is:
Bond order is greater than O2 & O2 + is paramagnetic

Solution:
According to MOT bond order for O2 is 2 and O2 + is 2.5 and both are paramagnetic

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
According to Mendel's experiments, which seed colour and shape was dominant?

Options:
A Green and round
B Yellow and round
C Green and wrinkled
D Yellow and wrinkled

The correct answer is:
Yellow and round

Solution:
Mendel's experiments showed that yellow colour was dominant over green and round shape was dominant over wrinkled.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
According to Mendel's Law of Dominance, which of the following is true?

Options:
A Factors occur as triplets.
B Factors occur as pairs.
C Both factors of a dissimilar pair are dominant.
D Factors show blending.

The correct answer is:
Factors occur as pairs.

Solution:
According to Mendel's Law of Dominance, factors occur in pairs.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
According to Mendel's Law of Segregation, what happens to alleles during gamete formation?

Options:
A They show blending.
B They occur in triplets.
C They segregate from each other.
D Both members of a dissimilar pair are dominant.

The correct answer is:
They segregate from each other.

Solution:
According to Mendel's Law of Segregation, the alleles of a pair segregate from each other during gamete formation, and a gamete receives only one of the two factors.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
According to MO theory, how are molecular orbitals filled?

Options:
A In any order
B According to the Aufbau principle
C According to the Hund's rule
D Randomly

The correct answer is:
According to the Aufbau principle

Solution:
The molecular orbitals, like atomic orbitals, are filled in accordance with the Aufbau principle.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
According to MO theory which of the following lists ranks the nitrogen species in terms of increasing bond order ?

Options:
A $\mathrm{N}_2^{-} < \mathrm{N}_2 < \mathrm{N}_2^{2-}$
B $\mathrm{N}_2^{2-} < \mathrm{N}_2^{-} < \mathrm{N}_2$
C $\mathrm{N}_2 < \mathrm{N}_2^{2-} < \mathrm{N}_2^{-}$
D $\mathrm{N}_2^{-} < \mathrm{N}_2^{2-} < \mathrm{N}_2$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{N}_2^{2-} < \mathrm{N}_2^{-} < \mathrm{N}_2$

Solution:
Key Idea Bond order $=\frac{\mathrm{N}_{\mathrm{b}}-\mathrm{N}_{\mathrm{a}}}{2}$
where, $\mathrm{N}_{\mathrm{b}}=$ number of electrons in bonding $M O$
$\mathrm{N}_{\mathrm{a}}=$ number of electrons in anti bonding $M O$
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \mathrm{N}_2(7+7=14)=\sigma 1 \mathrm{~s}^2, \dot{*} 1 \mathrm{~s}^2, \sigma 2 \mathrm{~s}^2, \stackrel{\dot{*}}{\sigma} 2 \mathrm{~s}^2, \pi 2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{x}}^2 \\
& \approx \pi 2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{y}}^2, \sigma 2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{z}}^2
\end{aligned}
$$
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \mathrm{BO}= \frac{10-4}{2}=3 \\
& \mathrm{~N}_2(7+7+1=15) \\
&= \sigma 1 \mathrm{~s}^2, \dot{*} 1 \mathrm{~s}^2, \sigma 2 \mathrm{~s}^2, \\
& \stackrel{*}{\sigma} 2 \mathrm{~s}^2, \sigma 2 \mathrm{p}_z^2, \pi 2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{x}}^2 \approx \pi 2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{y}}^2, \pi 2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{x}}^1
\end{aligned}
$$
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \mathrm{BO}=\frac{10-5}{2}=2.5 \\
& \mathrm{~N}_2^{2-}(7+7+2=16)
\end{aligned}
$$
$\begin{aligned} & =\sigma 1 \mathrm{~s}^2, \star 1 \mathrm{~s}^2, \sigma 2 \mathrm{~s}^2, \star 2 \mathrm{~s}^2, \sigma 2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{z}}^2, \pi 2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{z}}^2 \\ & \approx \pi 2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{y}}^2, \pi 2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{x}}^1 \approx \pi 2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{y}}^1 \\ & \end{aligned}$
$$
\mathrm{BO}=\frac{10-6}{2}=2
$$
Hence, the increasing order of B.O is,
$$
\mathrm{N}_2^{2-} < \mathrm{N}_2^{-} < \mathrm{N}_2
$$

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
According to molecular orbital theory, which of the following will not be a viable molecule?

Options:
A H22-
B He22+
C He2+
D H2-

The correct answer is:
H22-

Solution:
Species	Bond order

H22-	B.O. =12[2-2]=0 (does not exist)

He22+	B.O. =12[2-0]=1 (exist)

He2+	B.O. =12[2-1]=0.5 (exist)

H2-	B.O. =12[2-1]=0.5 (exist)

Species	Bond order

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
According to most accepted theory of the origin of our universe, the universe is?

Options:
A 10 billion years old.
B 20 billion years old.
C 14 billion years old.
D 5 billion years old.

The correct answer is:
20 billion years old.

Solution:
The origin of life is considered a unique event in the history of the universe. The universe is vast. The universe is very old â almost 20 billion years old. Huge clusters of galaxies comprise the universe.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
According to Newlands's Law of Octaves, what was the pattern of properties among elements?

Options:
A Every third element had similar properties.
B Every fourth element had similar properties.
C Every seventh element had similar properties.
D Every eighth element had similar properties.

The correct answer is:
Every eighth element had similar properties.

Solution:
According to Newlands's Law of Octaves, every eighth element had properties similar to the first element.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
According to Newton's law of cooling, the rate of cooling of a body is proportional to Î Î¸ n , where Î Î¸ is the difference in temperature of the body and its surroundings. Value of n is

Options:
A Two
B Three
C Four
D One

The correct answer is:
One

Solution:
According to Newton's law of cooling, rate of cooling is
∆θ∆t=kθo-θ
Now from equation,
∴ Δ θ n = Δ θ or n = 1.

Topic: Physics, Thermal Properties of Matter, NEET
According to Oparin and Haldane, the primitive atmosphere on earth was having the following mixture of gases

Options:
A H2,Â NH3,Â CH4,Â CO2
B CH4,Â NH3,Â H2O,Â O2
C CH4, H2, NH3, H2O
D NH3,Â CH4,Â H2,Â O2Â

The correct answer is:
CH4, H2, NH3, H2O

Solution:
According to Oparin and Haldane, the primitive earth conditions were of high temperature with volcanic storms having a reducing atmosphere, containing CH4, NH3, H2 etc., in the vapour state. They proposed that the first form of life could have come from the pre-existing non-living organic molecules by the chemical evolution process.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
According to Oparin, the primitive atmosphere of the Earth is?

Options:
A Reduced
B Without oxygen
C Oxidized
D Both (a) and (b)

The correct answer is:
Both (a) and (b)

Solution:
Oparin of Russia and Haldane of England proposed that the first form of life could have come from pre-existing non-living organic molecules (e.g. RNA, protein, etc.) and that formation of life was preceded by chemical evolution, i.e., the formation of diverse organic molecules from inorganic constituents. The conditions on Earth were high temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere containing CH4, NH3, etc. Free oxygen was not present in significant amount and it is of reduced type. Large quantities of H2, N2, water vapor, CO2, CH4, and NH3 were present. The primitive Earth consisted of numerous hydrogen atoms that combined with all oxygen atoms to form water.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET