datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Analyze the diagram given below, and select the correct option regarding part labeled as C.

Options:
A 70S subunit formed during eukaryotic translation
B 70S subunit formed during prokaryotic translation
C 80S subunit formed during prokaryotic translation
D 80S subunit formed during eukaryotic translation

The correct answer is:
70S subunit formed during prokaryotic translation

Solution:
The eukaryotic ribosomes are the 80S while the prokaryotic ribosomes are the 70S. Each ribosome has two subunits, larger and smaller subunits. The two subunits of 80S ribosomes are 60S and 40S while that of 70S ribosomes is 50S and 30S. Both the subunit forms an association during the translation process.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Analyze the floral formula given below.

The floral formula corresponds to which of the following?

Options:
A Crotolaria and Astragalus
B Lepidium and lbaeris
C Allium and Asparagus
D Vetiveria and Cymbopogon

The correct answer is:
Allium and Asparagus

Solution:
Allium and Asparagus belong to the family Liliaceae, which has the floral formula of
.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Analyze the given life cycle of plants and select the plants which represent such a life cycle.

Options:
A Volvox
B Fucus
C Spirogyra
D Chlamydomonas

The correct answer is:
Fucus

Solution:
The diploid sporophyte is the dominant, photosynthetic, independent phase of the plant. The gametophytic phase is represented by the single to the few-celled haploid gametophyte. This type of life cycle is termed as diplontic. An alga, Fucus sp., represents this pattern. In addition, all seed-bearing plants, i.e., Gymnosperms and Angiosperms, follow this pattern with some variations wherein the gametophytic phase is few to multi-celled.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Analyze the given options and select the one that corresponds to have the least percentage value.

Options:
A The percentage of drugs currently sold in the market worldwide which are derived from plants
B The estimated percentage of total oxygen in the earth's atmosphere produced by Amazon forest through photosynthesis.
C The percentage of tropical rain forests covering the earth's land surface presently.
D The percentage of India's share of the global species diversity

The correct answer is:
The percentage of tropical rain forests covering the earth's land surface presently.

Solution:
Once covering more than 14% of the earth's land surface, these rain forests now cover no more than 6%. Although India has only 2.4% of the world's land area, its share of the global species diversity is an impressive 8.1%. More than 25% of the drugs currently sold in the market worldwide are derived from plants. Amazon forest is estimated to produce, through photosynthesis, 20% of the total oxygen in the earth's atmosphere.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Analyze the given pedigree chart and select the option that is correct regarding it.

Options:
A Autosomal dominant trait - Cystic fibrosis
B Sex-linked dominant trait - Myotonic dystrophy
C Autosomal dominant trait - Myotonic dystrophy
D Autosomal recessive trait - Phenylketonuria

The correct answer is:
Autosomal dominant trait - Myotonic dystrophy

Solution:
Myotonic dystrophy is an autosomal dominant trait that is characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness. People with this disorder show prolonged muscle contractions. A person may experience difficulty in releasing their grip and may have temporary locking of their jaw.
In the given pedigree chart, this trait is known to affect both males and females without skipping any generations. In order for this to be possible, either of the parents of the offsprings should possess the trait.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Analyze the pedigree chart given below and draw the conclusion for the genotype of parents undergoing consanguineous marriage.

Options:
A Both of them are homozygous recessive
B The female is homozygous recessive while the male is heterozygous dominant
C The female is heterozygous carrier while the male is homozygous recessive
D Both of them are heterogyzous

The correct answer is:
Both of them are heterogyzous

Solution:
It is an autosomal recessive disorder in which parents are heterozygous; thus, normal parents can produce defective progeny.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Analyze the pedigree chart of families A and B given below and select the correct option.

Options:
A In family A, both the parents are homozygous recessive
B In family B, both the parents are homozygous dominant
C In family B, both the parents are heterozygous dominant for recessive disorder
D In family A, both the parents are heterozygous dominant for recessive disorder

The correct answer is:
In family A, both the parents are heterozygous dominant for recessive disorder

Solution:
In family A, if both the parents are homozygous recessive, both should be diseased and should have 100% diseased progeny. In family B, if both parents are homozygous dominant, they would not have got the recessive disease in the first place. In family B, if both are heterozygous recessive, then also they would not have got the disease, neither 80% of progeny would be diseased.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Analyze the pedigree chart that is given below and select the correct option.

Options:
A Inheritance of a sex- linked inborn error of metabolism like phenylketonuria
B

Inheritance of a condition like phenylketonuria as an autosomal recessive trait

C The pedigree chart is wrong as this is not possible
D

Inheritance of a recessive sex – linked disease like haemophilia

The correct answer is:

Inheritance of a condition like phenylketonuria as an autosomal recessive trait

Solution:
The given pedigree shows the inheritance of a condition such as phenylketonuria as an autosomal recessive trait. Since the parents are normal and children are affected, the disease is in recessive form. In first-generation, both males and females are equally affected. Since the disease is recessive, for a girl to be affected by an unaffected father, the disease has to be autosomal recessive.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Analyze the statements and select the correct option.

a) The cell cycle gets completed in G1âSâG2âM phase.

b) G1 phase corresponds to the interval between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication.

c) In the G1 phase, the cell is metabolically active and DNA replicates.

Options:
A a and b are correct
B only c is incorrect
C Only b is correct
D a and c are incorrect

The correct answer is:
only c is incorrect

Solution:
In mitosis, the cell cycle consists of long interphase followed by a short mitotic or M-phase. Interphase is the phase between two successive cell divisions. It is a metabolically very active phase because of the biosynthesis of a number of molecules. It is divided into G1, S and G2 phases/sub-stages. The M phase starts with the nuclear division, corresponding to the separation of daughter chromosomes (karyokinesis) and usually ends with the division of cytoplasm (cytokinesis). G1 phase is also called the growth phase or post-mitotic phase.
G1 phase is the longest phase of interphase; the maximum increase in the cell size occurs during this phase. In this phase, there is an active synthesis of RNA and proteins. G1 phase is the interval between the M and S phases.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Analyze the statements given below regarding the thermal cycler and select the option that shows incorrect statements.

I. Annealing is also called the hybridization of oligonucleotide (primer).
II. During extension, DNA polymerase polymerizes nucleotides in 5â²â3â² direction.
III. Denaturation is a process of formation of H-bonds.

Options:
A I  and  III
B Only  II
C Only  III
D I  and  II

The correct answer is:
Only  III

Solution:
The pairing of denatured DNA upon cooling is known as annealing. In PCR, the synthesis of nucleotide chain proceeds in 5′→3′ direction. PCR stands for polymerase chain reaction. In this reaction, multiple copies of the gene (or DNA) of interest are amplified.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Anaphase promoting complex (APC) is a protein degradation machinery necessary for proper mitosis of animal cells. If APC is defective in a human cell, which of the following is expected to occur?

Options:
A Chromosomes will not condense
B Chromosomes will be fragmented
C Chromosomes will not segregate
D Recombination of chromosome arms will occur

The correct answer is:
Chromosomes will not segregate

Solution:
Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) is a protein necessary for the separation of daughter chromosomes during anaphase.

APC degenerates proteins binding the two chromatids in the region of the centromere. As a result, the centromere of each chromosome divides.

If APC is defective, then the chromosomes will fail to segregate during anaphase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET, NEET 2017
___ and ___ pairs of ribs are called floating ribs.

Options:
A 1,2
B 2,6
C 11,12
D 12,14

The correct answer is:
11,12

Solution:
11 & 12 pairs of ribs are called floating ribs.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Androecium and gynoecium are ______ of a flower.

Options:
A Essential whorls
B Accessory whorls
C Non-essential whorls
D All of these

The correct answer is:
Essential whorls

Solution:
Androecium and gynoecium take a direct part in sexual reproduction so they are called essential whorls. Calyx and corolla do not take part in sexual reproduction, hence called as accessory whorls.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Aneuploidy is a chromosomal disorder where chromosome number is not the exact copy of its haploid set of chromosomes, due to :
A. Substitution
B. Addition
C. Deletion
D. Translocation
E. Inversion
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Options:
A C and D only
B D and E only
C A and B only
D B and C only

The correct answer is:
B and C only

Solution:
Failure of segregation of chromatids during cell division-cycle results in the gain or loss of chromosome called aneuploidy.
Aneuploidy occurs due to addition or deletion.
Hence only (B) and (C) are correct

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2024 (Re-NEET)
Angina (or Angina pectoris) is because of

Options:
A Insufficient blood supply to heart muscles.
B Cardiomegaly
C Increased blood pressure
D Complete cessation of working of heart

The correct answer is:
Insufficient blood supply to heart muscles.

Solution:
Angina (or Angina pectoris) is a condition with insufficient blood supply to heart muscles, a symptom of acute chest pain appears indicating decreased availability of oxygen to the heart muscles. It can occur in both sexes of any age, but its occurrence increases with age.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Angiosperms are the most diverse group of plants in the Plant Kingdom. Select the statement from below that is correct related to them.

Options:
A Within angiosperms, monocot & dicot are anatomically different.
B Within angiosperms, monocot & dicot are morphologically and anatomically different.
C Within angiosperms, monocot & dicot are anatomically similar but morphologically different.
D Within angiosperms, monocot & dicot are anatomically & morphologically same.

The correct answer is:
Within angiosperms, monocot & dicot are morphologically and anatomically different.

Solution:
Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons are two classes of Angisoperms. These groups show differences in their anatomy (inner arrangement of tissues and parts) as well as their morphology (external appearance). Leaf wise the venation of dicot and monocot differ. Anatomy wise leaf of monocot have stomata on both upper and lower side unlike dicot which has stomata on one side of leaf (lower side).

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Angiosperms evolved during

Options:
A Triassic
B Jurrassic
C Cretaceous
D Eocene

The correct answer is:
Cretaceous

Solution:
Flowering plants (angiosperms) appear; dinosaurs and many groups of organisms become extinct. Triceratops is a genus of herbivorous dinosaur that first appeared during the late Maastrichtian stage of the late Cretaceous period. Stegosaurus is considered one of the most recent common ancestors of Triceratops and Neornithes (i.e. modern birds).

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Angiosperms have dominated the land flora primarily because of their:

Options:
A power of adaptability in diverse habitat
B property of producing large number of seeds
C nature of self pollination
D domestication by man.

The correct answer is:
power of adaptability in diverse habitat

Solution:
Angiosperms are the most diverse and widespread of all plant groups. Their dominance is due to the power of adaptability in diverse habitat. They are well adapted to terrestrial life and occur in diverse habitats like cold tundra to hot tropical and even desert areas. They also thrive well in the aquatic habitat.
Related Theory
Angiosperms produce their gametes in separate organs, which are usually housed in a flower. Both fertilization and embryo development take place inside an anatomical structure that provides a stable system of sexual reproduction largely sheltered from environmental fluctuations. Following fertilization of the egg, the ovule grows into a seed. The surrounding tissues of the ovary thicken, developing into a fruit that will protect the seed and often ensure its dispersal over a wide geographic range.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2004
Angiosperms have dominated the land flora primarily because of their

Options:
A Property of producing large number of seeds
B Nature of self pollination
C Domestication by man
D Power of adaptability in diverse habitat

The correct answer is:
Power of adaptability in diverse habitat

Solution:
Angiosperms are highly evolved and well adapted land plants. They have both vessels and tracheids in xylem for better conduction of water. Roots are modified into tap root adventitious roots, pneumatophores etc. to suit the desire climate. Sex organs are highly developed, sporophylls and organized into flowers and the flowers the highly coloured or modified to attract pollinators at different times and places. The flowers are made attractive to attract a variety of insects. Flowering plants (angiosperms) have the exploited insects, birds and several other animals as agem of pollination, fruits and seed dispersal. It is one major reason for present day dominance of flowering plants. Seed are more protected as they are enclosed inside a fruit. All these adaptations have made angiosperms most adaptive in diverse habitats.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Angiotensin-II will perform all of the following except

Options:
A Vasoconstriction
B Hypernatremia
C Increasing GFR
D Excretion of Na+ in urine

The correct answer is:
Excretion of Na+ in urine

Solution:
Angiotensin II performs 2 functions:
I. Angiotensin II is a powerful vasoconstrictor → Vasoconstriction → Glomerular blood pressure increases → GFR increases.
II. Angiotensin II activates the adrenal cortex → Release of Aldosterone → Reabsorption of Na+ and water from the distal parts of the tubule → Increase in blood pressure → GFR increases.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Angiotensinogen is a protein produced and secreted by:

Options:
A juxtaglomerular (JG) cells
B macula densa cells
C endothelial cells (cells lining the blood vessels)
D liver cells

The correct answer is:
liver cells

Solution:
Angiotensinogen is produced in the liver and is found continuously circulating in the plasma. Renin then acts to cleave angiotensinogen into angiotensin $\mathrm{I}$.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET, NEET 2006
Angular momentum has dimensions of

Options:
A wave number
B energy
C Plank constant
D linear momentum

The correct answer is:
Plank constant

Solution:
Angular momentum (mvr)=n×h2π
n and π are dimensionless hence dimensions of angular momentum and Planck's constant are same.

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Angular speed of hour hand of a clock in degree per second is

Options:
A 130
B 160
C 1120
D 1720

The correct answer is:
1120

Solution:
ω=θt=360°12×360=112×10=1120 deg sec-1

Topic: Physics, Laws of Motion, NEET
Angular width of the central maxima in the Fraunhoffer diffraction for $\lambda=6000 Å$ is $\theta_0$. When the same slit is illuminated by another monochromatic light, the angular width decreases by $30 \%$. The wavelength of this light is

Options:
A $1800 Å$
B $4200 Å$
C $6000 Å$
D $420 Å$

The correct answer is:
$4200 Å$

Solution:
The angular width of central maxima is given by
$$
2 \theta=\frac{2 \lambda}{\mathrm{a}}
$$
where, $\lambda$ = wavelength of light used
$\mathrm{a}=$ width of the slit
For $\lambda_1=6000 Å, 2 \theta=\theta_0$ (given)
For another light of wavelength $\lambda_2$ (says), the angular wid th decreases by $30 \%$ so,
$$
2 \theta=\left(\frac{100-30}{100}\right) \theta_0=\frac{70}{100} \theta_0=0.7 \theta_0
$$
As slit width is constant, so using Eq. (i) for these values, we get
$$
\begin{gathered}
\frac{\theta_0}{0.7 \theta_0}=\frac{\lambda_1}{\lambda_2} \\
\Rightarrow \lambda_2=\lambda_1 \times 0.7=6000 \times 0.7=4200 Å
\end{gathered}
$$

Topic: Physics, Wave Optics, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Anhydrous aluminium chloride (Al2Cl6) is covalent compound and soluble in water giving

Options:
A Al3+ and Cl- ions
B [Al(H2O)6]3+ and Cl- ions
C [AlCl2(H2O)4]+ and [AlCl4(H2O)2]- ions
D none of the above

The correct answer is:
[AlCl2(H2O)4]+ and [AlCl4(H2O)2]- ions

Solution:
Anhydrous aluminium chloride (Al2Cl6) is covalent compound and soluble in water giving [AlCl2(H2O)4]+ and [AlCl4(H2O)2]- ions
AlCl 3 .6H 2 O → dissociation [AlCl 2 (H 2 O) 4 ] + +[AlCl 4 (H 2 O) 2 ] −

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Aniline can be distinguished from methyl amine by its reaction with

Options:
A p-toluene sulphonyl chloride/KOH
B (i)  NaNO 2 /HCl, 0-5°C
(ii) alkaline β-naphthol
C Sn/HCl
D Acetyl chloride

The correct answer is:
(i)  NaNO 2 /HCl, 0-5°C
(ii) alkaline β-naphthol

Solution:
Methyl amine when reacts with NaNO2 and HCl gives N2 , while aniline gives diazonium salt. Diazonium salt so formed give red colour dye with alkaline β naphthol. Methyl amine however does not produce dye. So these two can be distinguished by using these reagents.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Aniline in a set of reactions yielded a product ' $d$ ':
The structure of the product ' $d$ ' would be

Options:
A $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NHOH}$
B $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NHCH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_3$
C $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2$
D $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET, NEET 2005
Aniline in a set of the following reactions yielded a coloured product ' $\mathrm{Y}$.
$$
\text { The structure of ' } Y \text { ' would be }
$$

Options:
A

B

C

D None of these

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Key Idea $\mathrm{NaNO}_2 / \mathrm{HCl}$ causes diazotisation of $-\mathrm{NH}_2$ group and the diazonium chloride gives a coupling product with active aryl nucleus.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
Aniline in a set of the following reactions yielded a coloured product ‘Y’

The structure of ‘Y’ would be

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Aniline when diazotised in cold and then treated with dimethyl aniline gives a coloured product. Its structure would be:

Options:
A

B

C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET, NEET 2004
Animal cells are suspended in a culture medium that contains excess glucose. The graph below shows glucose utilization under different growth conditions. (X), (Y), and (Z) in the graph indicate

Options:
A X - Anaerobic respiration
Y - Introduction of O2 to the culture medium
Z - Aerobic respiration
B X - Aerobic respiration
Y - Introduction of CO2 to culture medium
Z - Anaerobic respiration
C X - Aerobic respiration
Y - Supply of organic triphosphate
Z - Aerobic respiration
D X - Aerobic respiration
Y - Introduction of CO to culture medium
Z - Anaerobic respiration

The correct answer is:
X - Anaerobic respiration
Y - Introduction of O2 to the culture medium
Z - Aerobic respiration

Solution:
Respiration is part of the metabolic process where the nutrients are converted into useful energy for regular cell activities. It is in two-mode depending on presence or absence of oxygen. Aerobic respiration is the one where oxygen is involved and anaerobic respiration is the process where oxygen is absent. Animals cells are generally aerobic respirers and hence do not show any utilization of glucose at the start in region X. Due to need of energy, animal cells follow anaerobic respiration but the energy count is low at just 2 ATP per glucose molecule. At Y region, the cells receive oxygen, thus the ATP production increases causing a upward curve and at Z the production is highest marking the ongoing process of aerobic respiration.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Animal husbandry and plant breeding programmes are examples of:

Options:
A reverse evolution
B artificial selection
C mutation
D natural selection

The correct answer is:
artificial selection

Solution:
Animal husbandry and plant breeding programmes are performed through artificial selection of breeds.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Animal vectors are required for pollination in:

Options:
A Vallisneria
B mulberry
C cucumber
D maize.

The correct answer is:
cucumber

Solution:
In Vallisneria, water pollination occurs, while mulberry and maize undergo wind pollination. In cucumber, animal pollination occurs by Bumblebees and honeybees.
Related Theory
In Yucca, the flowers are fully expanded and emit perfume during night. They are then visited by the moth-Pronuba yuccasella. The female moth has a long ovipositor and collects much pollen from a flower. She then visits another flower pierces the wall of the ovary with the ovipositor and deposits the eggs below the ovules. Then the moth climbs the top and pushes the pollen into the stigma-opening bringing about pollination.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
Animals exhibiting adaptations for survival is a

Options:
A Genetic trait
B Phisiological trait
C Structural trait
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
Any characteristic that is advantageous to a particular organism or population is called an adaptation. It is brought about by natural selection of heritable variations, and hence, it can be regarded as the genetic traits or behavioural traits (responses made by an organism that help it to survive/reproduce) or physiological traits (a body process that helps an organism to survive/reproduce) or structural traits (a feature of an organism's body that helps it to survive/reproduce).

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET