datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Sertoli cells are regulated by the pituitary hormone known as:

Options:
A $\mathrm{LH}$
B $\mathrm{FSH}$
C $\mathrm{GH}$
D prolactin

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{FSH}$

Solution:
Sertoli cells line the seminiferous tubules in the testes in males. These cells protect the spermatids and convey nutrients to both developing and mature spermatozoa. Sertoli cells are regulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (secreted by anterior pituitary), and release testosterone. Luteinising hormone is secreted by posterior pituitary and regulate corpus luteum and placenta, growth hormone regulates all the cells of the body and prolactin is secreted by anterior pituitary and regulates the milk production in mammary glands.
Related Theory
Spermiogenesis is the final stage of spermatogenesis, which includes the maturation of spermatids into mature, motile spermatozoa. The transformation of spermatid into sperms takes place in Sertoli cells.
In females, FSH stimulates the release of oestrogen and progesterone.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET, NEET 2006
Sertoli cells are regulated by the pituitary hormone known as

Options:
A GH
B Prolactin
C LH
D FSH

The correct answer is:
FSH

Solution:
During spermatogenetic developments, spermatids get nourished by a nurse or sertoli cells. The function of sertoli cells and spermatogenesis is under the direct influence of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secreted by adenohypophyses of the pituitary gland.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Serum differs from blood in

Options:
A Lacking globulins
B Lacking albumins
C Lacking clotting factors
D Lacking antibodies

The correct answer is:
Lacking clotting factors

Solution:
Serum is plasma without clotting factors. Serum is a clear liquid that can be separated from clotted blood. Plasma is the fluid matrix of blood. Plasma consists of water, plasma proteins such as fibrinogen(clotting factor), albumins, globulins(antibodies), minerals, nutrients, nitrogenous waste and dissolved gases.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
Serum is having all of the following except

Options:
A Ions
B Glucose
C Clotting factors
D Amino acids

The correct answer is:
Clotting factors

Solution:
Blood without clotting factors is called serum, while blood without RBC and certain plasma proteins is called lymph.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Setting of plaster of Paris involves

Options:
A oxidation by atmospheric oxygen
B reaction with atmospheric carbon dioxide
C dehydration
D hydration to yield another hydrate

The correct answer is:
hydration to yield another hydrate

Solution:
Setting of plaster of Paris involves hydration to yield another hydrate as follows
(CaSO 4 ) 2 ⋅ H 2 O → +  3H 2 O 2[ CaSO 4 ⋅ 2H 2 O]
Hint :When mixed with water, it forms a plastic mass, within about half an hour, sets to a hard solid mass consisting of interlaced crystals of gypsum.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Setting of plaster of Paris is

Options:
A Dehydration
B Oxidation with atmospheric oxygen
C Combination with atmospheric CO2
D Hydration to yield another hydrate

The correct answer is:
Hydration to yield another hydrate

Solution:
Setting of plaster of Paris is exothermic process.
CaSO 4 ⋅ 1 2 H 2 O → H 2 O CaSO 4 ⋅ 2H 2 O Orthorhombic → Heating CaSO 4 ⋅ 2H 2 O Gypsum

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Seven capacitors each of capacitance 2 Î¼ F are connected in a configuration to obtain an effective capacitance 1 0 1 1 Î¼ F. Which of the following combination will achieve the desired result?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
In series, C = C 1 C 2 C 1 + C 2
and in parallel, Ceq = C1 + C2 + C3.....
â´ C net = 1 0 1 1 0 + 1 = 1 0 1 1 Î¼ F

Topic: Physics, Electrostatics, NEET
Sewage containing organic waste should not be disposed in water bodies because it causes major water pollution. Fishes in such a polluted water die because of

Options:
A large number of mosquitoes
B increase in the amount of dissolved oxygen
C decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in water
D clogging of gills by mud

The correct answer is:
decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in water

Solution:
Sewage containing organic waste should not be disposed in water bodies because it causes major water pollution. Fishes in such a polluted water die because of decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in water.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
Sex determination in most of the insects is:

Options:
A XO type, female heterogamety
B XO type, male heterogamety
C ZW type, female heterogamety
D ZW type, male heterogamety

The correct answer is:
XO type, male heterogamety

Solution:
Heterogamety is the feature of either of the sex in a species. It is of two types :

A. Male heterogamety

- Male produces two types of gametes.

- Male heterogamety is of two types :

1. XO type:

- It is found in most of the insects (e.g. Grasshopper).
2. XY type:

- It is found in humans.

B. Female heterogamety

- Female produces two types of gametes.

- Female possess one chromosome less than that of male.

- It is observed in birds.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Sexual reproduction is of isogamous, anisogamous and oogamous type in:

Options:
A Chlorophyceae, Rhodophyceae and Phaeophyceae
B Rhodophyceae and Phaeophyceae
C Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae
D Chlorophyceae and Rhodophyceae

The correct answer is:
Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae

Solution:
Chlorophyceae:
The sexual reproduction shows considerable variation in the type and formation of sex cells and it may be isogamous, anisogamous or oogamous. Some commonly found green algae are Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Ulothrix, Spirogyra and Chara.
Phaeophyceae:
Sexual reproduction may be isogamous, anisogamous or oogamous. Union of gametes may take place in water or within the oogonium (oogamous species). The gametes are pyriform (pear-shaped) and bear two laterally attached flagella. The common forms are Ectocarpus, Dictyota, Laminaria, Sargassum and Fucus.
Rhodophyceae:
They reproduce asexually by non-motile spores and sexually by non-motile gametes. Sexual reproduction is oogamous and accompanied by complex post fertilisation developments. The common members are Polysiphonia, Porphyra, Gracilaria and Gelidium.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Sexual reproduction, when compared to asexual reproduction, is a

A. Slow process
B. Fast process
C. Simple process
D. Complex process

Options:
A A  and  D  only
B A  and  C  only
C B  and  D  only
D B  and  C  only

The correct answer is:
A  and  D  only

Solution:
Sexual reproduction involves the formation of male and female gametes either by the same individual or a different individual. The gamete fuses to form the zygote which develops to form a new organisms. It is elaborate, complex, and slow process as compared to asexual reproduction.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Shape of SF4molecule is:

Options:
A Bent
B See-Saw
C T-Shape
D Square pyramid

The correct answer is:
See-Saw

Solution:
Correct Option is : 2
See-Saw

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Shape of SF6is:

Options:
A octahedral
B Square pyramidal
C Trigonal bipyramidal
D Square planar

The correct answer is:
octahedral

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
octahedral

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Shape of the cell may vary depending on

Options:
A Mode of nutrition
B Type of nucleus
C The volume of cytoplasm
D Function they perform

The correct answer is:
Function they perform

Solution:
Different cells have different shapes. The shape of the cell is variable, and it depends on the functions performed by the cell.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Sharks and dogfishes differ from skates and rays because:

Options:
A gill slits are ventrally placed
B head and trunk are widened considerably
C distinct demarcation between body and tail
D their pectoral fins distinctly marked off from cylindrical bodies.

The correct answer is:
their pectoral fins distinctly marked off from cylindrical bodies.

Solution:
Sharks and dogfishes have cylindrical body while skates and rays have both of their pectoral fins fused. It gives a wing-like appearance and are not distinct from body.
Related Theory
Sharks have a pectoral fin behind the head on either side of its body. These are ofien elongated and are used to keep the shark from sinking to the bottom of the ocean, as well as for steering the fish. The shark's fins are rigid and elongated. They are supported by cartilaginous, non-segmented rods called ceratotrichia. This strength and rigidity helps the animal to move swifly and with agility. particularly useful when in pursuit of prey that darts away. Rays have flattened disk-like bodies with five gills exit openings and their mouth generally located on their underside. They have large pectoral fins, which they move like wings to travel in the water, and their tails are generally long and slender. with many species having one or more sharp, venomous spines that can be used to inflict painful wounds.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
Shell of Mollusca is derived from

Options:
A Foot
B Mantle
C Ctenidia
D Placoid

The correct answer is:
Mantle

Solution:
Molluscs are the soft-bodied, unsegmented animals covered by a shell. In between the shell and body wall is a covering called the mantle, which secretes the shell and adds to the shell to increase its size and strength as the animal grows. The shell material is secreted by the ectodermic (epithelial) cells of the mantle tissue.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Ship A is sailing toward north-east with velocity) vâ=30i^+50j^ km h-1 where i^ points east and j^, north. The ship B is at a distance of 80 km east and 150 km north of Ship A and is sailing towards the west at 10 km h-1. A will be at the minimum distance from B in:

Options:
A 4.2 h
B 3.2 h
C 2.6 h
D 2.2 h

The correct answer is:
2.6 h

Solution:
v→rel=v→1-v2=40i+50j
r→rel=r→1-r→2=-80i-150j
tmin=v→rel r→relv→rel2=-3200-7500402+5022
tmin=107004100=10741=2.6 h

Topic: Physics, Motion In Two Dimensions, NEET
Short-lived immunity acquired from mother to foetus across placenta or through mother's milk to the infant is categorised as:

Options:
A active immunity
B passive immunity
C cellular immunity
D innate non-specific immunity

The correct answer is:
passive immunity

Solution:
Passive immunity can occur naturally, such as when an infant receives a mother's antibodies through the placenta or breast milk, or artificially, such as when a person receives antibodies in the form of an injection (gamma globulin injection).
Related Theory
A vaccine may also confer passive immunity by providing antibodies or lymphocytes already made by an animal or human donor. Vaccines are usually administered by injection (parenteral administration), but some are given orally or even nasally (in the case of flu vaccine).

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2003
Show the distribution of electrons in oxygen atom (atomic number 8) using orbital diagram.

Options:
A 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
B 1s² 2s² 2p³
C 1s² 2s² 2p⁶
D 1s² 2s¹ 2p⁵

The correct answer is:
1s² 2s² 2p⁴

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
1s² 2s² 2p⁴

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
_____________ showed that viruses could be crystallized, and crystals majorly consist of proteins.

Options:
A Ivanowsky
B Beijerinck
C

Stanley

D Diener

The correct answer is:

Stanley

Solution:
W.M. Stanley (1935) showed that viruses could be crystallized, and crystals majorly consist of proteins.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Shown are several curves (Fig. ). which ones amongst them can be possible trajectories traced by a projectile (neglect air friction).

Options:
A c
B a
C d
D f

The correct answer is:
c

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
c

Topic: Chemistry, Gravitation, NEET
Shown below are adsorption isotherms for a gas ' $\mathrm{X}$ ' at temperatures $\mathrm{T}_1, \mathrm{~T}_2$ and $\mathrm{T}_3$ :
$p$ and $\frac{x}{m}$ represent pressure and extent of adsorption, respectively. The correct order of temperatures for the given adsorption is:

Options:
A $\mathrm{T}_1>\mathrm{T}_2>\mathrm{T}_3$
B $\mathrm{T}_3>\mathrm{T}_2>\mathrm{T}_1$
C $\mathrm{T}_1=\mathrm{T}_2=\mathrm{T}_3$
D $\mathrm{T}_1=\mathrm{T}_2>\mathrm{T}_3$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{T}_3>\mathrm{T}_2>\mathrm{T}_1$

Solution:
'$x$' is mass of gas adsorbed on mass ' $m$ ' of the adsorbent at pressure ' $p$ '. The curves in the given adsorption isotherm indicates that at a fixed pressure, there is decrease in physical adsorption with increase in temperature and vice versa.
So, the correct order of temperature is :
$\mathrm{T}_3>\mathrm{T}_2>\mathrm{T}_1$

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 2)
Shown below is a graph of current versus applied voltage for a diode. Approximately, what is the resistance of the diode for an applied voltage of −1 V?

Options:
A 2 Î©
B â
C Zero
D 1 Î©

The correct answer is:
∞

Solution:
The graph of current versus applied voltage for diode
In this case, at −1 V, current in the circuit is zero.
Hence, according to Ohm's law,
R=VI=-10=∞

Topic: Physics, Current Electricity, NEET
Shown here are the velocity and acceleration vectors for an object in several different types of motion. In which case is the object slowing down and turning to the right

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
From observer point of view tangential acceleration at decreases speed v and radial aceleration an makes the path of object curved turning to the right.

Topic: Physics, Laws of Motion, NEET
Shown in the figure are three P-V diagrams.The case in which the work done is minimum

Options:
A I
B II
C III
D Work done is same in all the cases

The correct answer is:
III

Solution:
Area under curve III is minimum. Therefore, work done is minimum

Topic: Physics, Thermodynamics, NEET
Shown in the figure are two point charges +Q and -Q inside the cavity of a spherical shell. The charges are kept near the surface of the cavity on opposite sides of the centre of the shell. If σ1 is the surface charge on the inner surface and Q1 net charge on it and σ2 the surface charge on the outer surface and Q2 net charge on it then:

Options:
A Ï1=0, Q1=0 , Ï2=0, Q2=0
B Ï1â 0,Â Q1=0 , Ï2â 0,Â Q2=0
C Ï1â 0,Q1â 0 , Ï2â 0,Â Q2â 0
D Ï1â 0, Q1=0 , Ï2=0, Q2=0

The correct answer is:
Ï1â 0, Q1=0 , Ï2=0, Q2=0

Solution:
By the property of electrostatic shielding in the conductors E=0 in the conductor.
So electric flux = 0 through a dotted Gaussian surface as shown
The net enclosed charge through Gaussian surface = 0
⇒ Net charge Q1 on the inner surface = 0 but the equal and opposite induced charge on the surface will be distributed non uniformly on the inner surface
So, σ1=0
∵Q1=0 on the inner surface
So, net charge Q2=0 on the outer surface as conductor is neutral but ∵ outer surface is free from any electric field so no charge density exists on the outer surface. So, σ2=0 .

Topic: Physics, Electrostatics, NEET
Shown in the figure is an infinite network of resistors each of resistance 1 Î©. The effective resistance in between A and B is

Options:
A Less than 1Â Î©
B 1Â Î©
C More than 1 Î© but less than 3 Î©
D 3Â Î©

The correct answer is:
More than 1 Î© but less than 3 Î©

Solution:
The effective resistance of the infinite ladder between A and P will be less than one.
RAP<1 Ω
Similarly, the effective resistance of the infinite ladder between B and Q will also be less than one.
RBQ<1 Ω
Therefore resistance between A and B is
RAB=RAP+RPQ+RQB
As RPQ=1 Ω
Therefore 1 Ω<RAB<3 Ω

Topic: Physics, Current Electricity, NEET
Shyamprasad is a 34 year old priest at a temple. He is a pure vegetarian and has never consumed meat, egg or fishes. He complains of weakness, paleness and exhaustion. On this blood report, the erythrocytes are larger than normal. Which of these could be a possible cause of this?

Options:
A Deficiency of iron
B Deficiency of cyanacobalamin
C Malaria
D Sickle cell disease

The correct answer is:
Deficiency of cyanacobalamin

Solution:
Weakness, paleness and exhaustion are symptoms of anemia. In iron deficiency anemia the size of erythrocytes will be smaller than the normal since hemoglobin is not formed. In malaria and sickle cell disease, there is anemia due to blood loss (hemolytic anemia). Deficiency of vitamin B-12 (cyanocobalamin) and folic acid causes immature RBCs in the blood. Immature RBCs are larger than mature RBCs. Also, deficiency of vitamin B-12 is commonly found in vegetarians as most of the dietary sources of this vitamin are animal products.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
SI unit of Avogadro number is

Options:
A mole
B

C kg
D unitless

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Correct Option is : 2

Topic: Chemistry, Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, NEET
SI unit of coefficient of viscosity is

Options:
A N s m â2
B N s-1 m2
C N s m-3
D N s-2 m

The correct answer is:
N s m −2

Solution:
We know that, Viscous force,
F=-Î·Advdx
or Î·=-FA.dvdx Thus, unit is N s m â2

Topic: Physics, Mechanical Properties of Fluids, NEET
Sickle cell anaemia is

Options:
A an autosomal linked dominant trait
B caused by substitution of valine by glutamic acid in the $\beta$-globin chain of haemoglobin
C caused by a change in base pair of DNA
D characterized by elongated sickle like $\mathrm{RBC}$ with a nucleus

The correct answer is:
caused by a change in base pair of DNA

Solution:
Sickle-cell anaemia is caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA. It is a genetic disease reported from negroes. The individuals of sickle-cell anaemia are immune to malaria.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
Sickle cell anaemia is caused by the substitution of Glu by ________ at the sixth position of the beta-globin chain of the haemoglobin molecule.

Options:
A Asn
B Gly
C Arg
D Val

The correct answer is:
Val

Solution:
Sickle cell anaemia is an example of point mutation in which base substitution occurs in beta chain of haemoglobin. At sixth position amino acid is glutamic acid specified by codon GAG, mutation results in change in codon to GUG which specifies amino acid Valine.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Sickle cell anaemia is due to transversion mutation in which:

Options:
A Instead of glutamic acid, valine comes at number 6th position in one of Î² chain of Hb
B Instead of valine, glutamic acid is inserted at number 6th position of Î² - chain of Hb
C Valine is inserted at number 6th position in Î± chain of Hb
D Glutamic acid is substituted by valine at number 6th position of Î± - chain of Hb

The correct answer is:
Instead of glutamic acid, valine comes at number 6th position in one of Î² chain of Hb

Solution:
Sickle cell anemia is a recessive autosomal gene disorder that follows Mendelian inheritance pattern. Sickle cell anemia is a type of genetic blood disorder which is inherited from the parents. The person suffering from it develops an abnormal haemoglobin that leads to elongated and curved or sickle shaped RBC. Such condition occurs when the individual inherits two abnormal copies of gene for beta globin chain of haemoglobin from each parent. Normally, the red pigment molecule is made of four polypeptide chains two α-chains and two β -chains. Sickle cell anaemia results in glutamic acid (Glu) is replaced by valine (Val) at sixth position in each of two β globin chain of haemoglobin. Such mutation is called as substitution mutation.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Sickle cell anaemia is due to

Options:
A Transition/Base substitution/Point mutation
B Transversion/Base substitution/Point mutation
C Transition/Base substitution/Frameshift mutation
D Transversion/Base substitution/Frameshift mutation

The correct answer is:
Transversion/Base substitution/Point mutation

Solution:
Transversion, in genetics and molecular biology, refers to a point mutation that changes a purine nucleotide to another pyrimidine (A/G â T/C), or vice versa. It is a kind of gene mutation called base substitution.
The genetic condition of sickle cell anaemia is shown below:

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Sickle cell anaemia is induced by

Options:
A change of amino acid in α-chain of haemoglobin
B change of amino acid in β-chain of haemoglobin
C change of amino acid in both α- and β-chain of haemoglobin
D change of amino acid in either α- and β-chain of haemoglobin

The correct answer is:
change of amino acid in β-chain of haemoglobin

Solution:
Sickle cell anaemia is an autosome linked recessive trait that can be transmitted from parents to the offspring when both the partners are a carrier for the gene (or heterozygous). The defect is caused by the substitution of Glutamic acid (Glu) by Valine (Val) at the sixth position of the beta-globin chain of the haemoglobin molecule. The substitution of amino acid in the globin protein results due to the single base substitution at the sixth codon of the beta-globin gene from GAG to GUG. The mutant haemoglobin molecule undergoes polymerisation under low oxygen tension causing the change in the shape of the RBC from biconcave disc to elongated sickle like structure.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Sickle cell anaemia is induced by:

Options:
A Change of amino acid in α− chain of haemoglobin
B Change of amino acid in β− chain of haemoglobin
C Change of amino acid in both α− and β− chain of haemoglobin
D Change of amino acid in either α− or β− chain of haemoglobin

The correct answer is:
Change of amino acid in β− chain of haemoglobin

Solution:
Sickle cell anaemia is a hereditary disorder of autosomal nature. It is caused by mutation of the gene controlling β− chain of haemoglobin. It involves substitution of glutamine by valine.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Sickle cell anaemia is:

Options:
A Caused by substitution of valine by glutamic acid in the beta globin chain of haemoglobin
B Caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA
C Characterized by elongated sickle like RBCs with a nucleus
D An autosomal linked dominant trait

The correct answer is:
Caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA

Solution:
Sickle cell anaemia is caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA. Sickle-cell anaemia is the name of a specific form of sickle-cell disease in which there is homozygosity for the mutation that causes HbS. Sickle-cell disease, or sickle-cell anaemia ( or drepanocytosis), is a life-long blood disorder characterized by red blood cells that assume an abnormal, rigid, sickle shape. Sickling decreases the cells flexibility and results in a risk of various complications.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Sickle cell anemia is an example of

Options:
A Point mutation
B Frameshift mutation
C X-linked recessive inheritance
D Both (A) and (C)

The correct answer is:
Point mutation

Solution:
Mutations that arise due to change in a single base pair of DNA. This is known as a point mutation. A classical example of such a
the mutation is sickle cell anemia.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Sickle cell-anaemia disorder arises due to

Options:
A duplication of a segment of DNA
B substitution in a single base of DNA
C deletion of a segment of DNA
D duplication in a base pair of RNA

The correct answer is:
substitution in a single base of DNA

Solution:
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of blood disorders typically inherited from a person's parents. The most common type is known as sickle cell anaemia (SCA). It results in an abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein haemoglobin found in red blood cells.
A classical example of point mutation is a change of single base pair in the gene for beta globin chain that results in the change of amino acid residue glutamate to valine. It results in a diseased condition called as sickle cell anemia.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET