datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which of the following is a quantitative disease caused due to mutation of chromosome 11?

Options:
A Sickle-cell anemia
B Phenylketonuria
C Alpha thalassemia
D Beta thalassemia

The correct answer is:
Beta thalassemia

Solution:
Thalassemia: This is also an autosome-linked recessive blood disease transmitted from parents to the offspring when both the partners are unaffected carriers for the gene (or heterozygous). The defect could be due to either mutation or deletion which ultimately results in a reduced rate of synthesis of one of the globin chains (a and b chains) that make up haemoglobin. This causes the formation of abnormal haemoglobin molecules resulting in anaemia, which is a characteristic of the disease. Thalassemia can be classified according to which the chain of the haemoglobin molecule is affected. In alpha-thalassemia, the production of the alpha-globin chain is affected, while in ß-thalassemia, the production of the ß-globin chain is affected.
Alpha-thalassemia is controlled by two closely linked genes HBA1 and HBA2 on chromosome 16 of each parent, and it is observed due to mutation or deletion of one or more of the four genes. The more genes affected, the less alpha-globin molecules are produced.
ß-thalassemia is controlled by a single gene HBB on chromosome 11 of each parent and occurs due to mutation of one or both the genes.
Thalassemia differs from sickle-cell anaemia in that the former is a quantitative problem of synthesizing too few globin molecules, while the latter is a qualitative problem of synthesizing an incorrectly functioning globin.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which of the following is a reason that contribute to the success of Mendel in his hybridization experiment?

Options:
A Qualitative analysis of data
B Observation of distinct inherited traits
C His knowledge of biology
D Consideration of one character at one time

The correct answer is:
Consideration of one character at one time

Solution:
Mendel studied inheritance character a of single character at a time. Consideration of one character at one time contribute to the success of Mendel. He made mathematical and statistical analysis of the data he collected, and large sampling size gave greater credibility to the data he collected.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which of the following is a requirement for vapor phase refining?

Options:
A The metal to be refined should be kept in a water bath before it goes through Mond process and Van Arkel Method
B The metal to be refined should be soft
C The compound formed should be non-decomposable, so that recovery of metal is easy.
D The metal should form a volatile compound with an available reagent.

The correct answer is:
The metal should form a volatile compound with an available reagent.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
The metal should form a volatile compound with an available reagent.

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Which of the following is a resonance structure of NO2?

Options:
A

B

C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which of the following is a resonance structure of SO3?

Options:
A

B

C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which of the following is a restriction endonuclease?

Options:
A Hind II
B Protease
C DNase I
D RNase

The correct answer is:
Hind II

Solution:
Hind II is a type of restriction endonuclease.

A restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease is an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments at or near specific recognition sites within the molecule known as restriction sites. Restrictions enzymes are one class of the broader endonuclease group of enzymes. Restriction enzymes are commonly classified into five types, which differ in their structure and whether they cut their DNA substrate at their recognition site, or if the recognition and cleavage sites are separate from one another. To cut DNA, all restriction enzymes make two incisions, once through each sugar-phosphate backbone (i.e. each strand) of the DNA double helix.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
Which of the following is a restriction endonuclease?

Options:
A Hind II
B Protease
C DNase I
D RNase

The correct answer is:
Hind II

Solution:
Hind II is a type of restriction endonuclease.

A restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease is an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments at or near specific recognition sites within the molecule known as restriction sites. Restrictions enzymes are one class of the broader endonuclease group of enzymes. Restriction enzymes are commonly classified into five types, which differ in their structure and whether they cut their DNA substrate at their recognition site, or if the recognition and cleavage sites are separate from one another. To cut DNA, all restriction enzymes make two incisions, once through each sugar-phosphate backbone (i.e. each strand) of the DNA double helix.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Which of the following is a role played by chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria?

Options:
A Producing oxygen
B Recycling nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous, iron and sulphur
C Breaking down organic matter
D Photosynthesis

The correct answer is:
Recycling nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous, iron and sulphur

Solution:
Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria play a great role in recycling nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous, iron and sulphur.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Which of the following is a shortcoming of the Valence Bond (V
B) theory regarding coordination compounds?

Options:
A It does not distinguish between weak and strong ligands.
B It involves a number of assumptions.
C It gives quantitative interpretation of the thermodynamic stabilities.
D It explains the magnetic behavior of all coordination compounds.

The correct answer is:
It does not distinguish between weak and strong ligands.

Solution:
Option A is a shortcoming of the Valence Bond (V

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Which of the following is a side product often observed in the Reimer-Tiemann reaction?

Options:
A Salicylic acid
B Salicylaldehyde
C Chloroform
D Benzal chloride

The correct answer is:
Chloroform

Solution:
Chloroform can undergo side reactions in the Reimer-Tiemann reaction, leading to its consumption and sometimes reducing the yield of the desired product.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which of the following is a single U shaped bone present at the base of a buccal cavity and is included in the skull?

Options:
A Zygomatic
B Hyoid
C Mandible
D Ethmoid

The correct answer is:
Hyoid

Solution:
A single U shaped bone called hyoid is present at the base of the buccal cavity and it is also included in the skull. Hyoid is the only skull bone that does not articulate with any other bone. Distortion or change in shape of hyoid bone is of forensic importance.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Which of the following is a sink for CO?

Options:
A Micro organism present in the soil
B Oceans
C Plants
D Haemoglobin

The correct answer is:
Micro organism present in the soil

Solution:
Microorganisms present in soil acts like a sink for Co. The soil's ability to remove carbon monoxide from the atmosphere is ascribed to the activity of soil micro-organisms.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
Which of the following is a sink for CO?

Options:
A Haemoglobin
B Micro-organisms present in the soil
C Oceans
D Plants

The correct answer is:
Micro-organisms present in the soil

Solution:
Micro-organisms present in the soil act as a sink for CO.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2017
Which of the following is a stable compound?

Options:
A Glucose hexacetate
B Glucose pentaacetate
C Glucose triacetate
D Glucose tetraacetate

The correct answer is:
Glucose pentaacetate

Solution:
Glucose pentaacetate exists as a stable compound.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following is a state function?

Options:
A Temperature
B Heat
C Work
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Temperature

Solution:
The paragraph states that temperature is a state function. This means that the change in temperature of a system is independent of the path taken to reach the final state. For example, if we bring the temperature of a system from 25°C to 35°C, the change in temperature is 10°C, regardless of whether we go straight to 35°C or we cool the system for a few degrees first.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
Which of the following is a substitution of mitochondria in E. coli?

Options:
A Ribosome
B Mesosome
C Glyoxysome
D Golgi body.

The correct answer is:
Mesosome

Solution:
Mesosomes are unique membranous bacterial structures that actively function in cell injury and physiological cellular processes, such as replication and separation of nucleoids and oxidative phosphorylation. Mesosome is an enfolding of the bacterial cell membrane. It is rich in enzymes and increases surface area. It helps in respiration.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Which of the following is a sulphide ore?

Options:
A Haematite
B Magnetite
C Siderite
D Iron pyrites

The correct answer is:
Iron pyrites

Solution:
Correct Option is : 4
Iron pyrites

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Which of the following is a symbiotic nitrogen fixer?

Options:
A Glomus
B Azotobacter
C Frankia
D Azotla

The correct answer is:
Frankia

Solution:
Casuarina tree has nitrogen fixing root nodules that harbor a filamentous streptomycete like symbiotic nitrogen fixing organism, called Frankia.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
Which of the following is a symptom of excessive sulphate consumption through drinking water?

Options:
A Nausea
B Joint pain
C Constipation
D Vision problems

The correct answer is:
Nausea

Solution:
Excessive sulphate consumption can lead to symptoms like nausea.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
Which of the following is a symptom of excessive sulphate consumption through drinking water?

Options:
A Headache
B Muscle pain
C Diarrhea
D Fever

The correct answer is:
Diarrhea

Solution:
Excessive sulphate consumption can lead to symptoms like diarrhea.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
Which of the following is a system of interconnected protoplasts and has a role in conduction of water?

Options:
A Apoplastic system
B Symplastic system
C Phloem
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Symplastic system

Solution:
The symplastic system is the system of interconnected protoplasts. Neighbouring cells are connected through cytoplasmic strands that extend through plasmodesmata. During symplastic movement, the water travels through the cells – their cytoplasm; intercellular movement is through the plasmodesmata.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
Which of the following is a thermally conducting wall?

Options:
A A metal wall
B A wooden wall
C A glass wall
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
Metals, wood, and glass are all thermally conducting materials, meaning that they can transfer heat.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
Which of the following is a tricarboxylic acid?

Options:
A Citric acid
B Malonic acid
C Succinic acid
D Malic acid

The correct answer is:
Citric acid

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET
Which of the following is a trisaccharide?

Options:
A Stachyose
B Sucrose
C Raffinose
D Ribose

The correct answer is:
Raffinose

Solution:
On hydrolysis stachyrose gives four, sucrose gives two raffinose gives three and ribose gives no molecule, of monosaccharides. Thus, only raffinose is a trisaccharide.
C 18 H 32 O 16 Raffinose + H 2 O→ 3C 6 H 12 O 6

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following is a true peroxide?

Options:
A PbO2
B CO2
C SO2
D BaO2

The correct answer is:
BaO2

Solution:
Here BaO2 is a true peroxide as BaO2 contains O22– ions. Rest other are oxides here.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Which of the following is a use of freon 12?

Options:
A Alloys
B Aircraft parts
C Paints
D Aerosol propellants

The correct answer is:
Aerosol propellants

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
Aerosol propellants

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET
Which of the following is a use of teflon?

Options:
A Non-stick utensils
B Rope
C Textiles
D Brushes

The correct answer is:
Non-stick utensils

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
Non-stick utensils

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET
Which of the following is a useful indicator of eutrophication?

Options:
A BOD
B CFC
C DDT
D 2, 4-D

The correct answer is:
BOD

Solution:
Natural aging and nutrient enrichment of a water body is termed as eutrophication. Due to the human activities of adding sewage and industrial waste, water bodies like lake have been heavily eutrophised. Contaminants like nitrates and phosphates overstimulate algal growth as a consequence deplete the oxygen level in water body. Also, other pollutants poison the population of aquatic life leading to their death and increasing the rate of decomposition by bacteria which further depletes the oxygen level. Biological Oxygen demand is the measure of oxygen used/required by the micro-organisms for decomposition in water. It is used an indicator for eutrophication.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Which of the following is a water-pollinated plant?

Options:
A water hyacinth
B seagrass
C water lily
D common pansy

The correct answer is:
seagrass

Solution:
Pollination by water is quite rare in flowering plants and is limited to about 30 genera, mostly monocotyledons. Some examples of water pollinated plants are Vallisneria and Hydrilla which grow in fresh water and several marine sea-grasses such as Zostera. Not all aquatic plants use water for pollination. In a majority of aquatic plants such as water hyacinth and water lily, the flowers emerge above the level of water and are pollinated by insects or wind as in most of the land plants.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin

Options:
A Retinol
B Riboflavin
C Tocopherol
D Phylloquinone

The correct answer is:
Riboflavin

Solution:
Water soluble vitamins are B- complex and Vit-C , Riboflavin is vitamin B2

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following is a wrong match?

Options:
A Rho factor - Terminates translation
B AUG - Initiates transcription
C Sigma factor - Initiates translation
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
Transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from DNA sequence. The region of DNA that undergoes transcription is flanked is given the term transcription unit which includes a promoter region, terminator region and the structural gene. Sigma factor is a protein necessary for initiating transcription and rho factor is a protein involved in termination of the transcription process which binds to the transcription terminator site.
In the process of protein synthesis, translation is the step where protein chain is formed by reading the codes on mRNA. The translation process follows the genetic code which is a set of instructions that help cells to obtain the information in making proteins from the DNA. The codes are always in a triplet (codon) form that sequence of three N-bases. The genetic code is universal and same for all variants of organisms from bacteria to whale. The start codon is AUG and stop or terminator codons are UAA, UGA, and UAG.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which of the following is a wrong statement about organic evolution?

Options:
A Fitness is the end result of the ability to adapt and get selected by nature.
B Natural selection and adaptive radiation are the two key concepts of Darwinian theory.
C When we describe the story of life on earth we treat evolution as a consequence of a process called natural selection.
D Nature selects for fitness based on characteristics which are inherited.

The correct answer is:
Natural selection and adaptive radiation are the two key concepts of Darwinian theory.

Solution:
Natural selection and Branching descent (adaptive radiation) are the two key concept of Darwin's theory of evolution or Darwinism.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Which of the following is a wrongly matched pair?

Options:
A Tuber - Potato
B Rhizome - Ginger
C Bulbil - Agave
D Leaf buds - Banana

The correct answer is:
Leaf buds - Banana

Solution:
Bananas are mostly propagated by rhizomes and suckers i.e sword sucker or water sucker. Bananas don't have seeds, they are propagated by replanting the small plants, called "Suckers" that grow up around the adult plant. Each adult plant has only one bunch of bananas, is cut down, and the sucker grows up to replenish the plantation.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Which of the following is absent in polluted water?

Options:
A Hydrilla
B Water hyacinth
C Larva of stone fly
D Blue green algae

The correct answer is:
Larva of stone fly

Solution:
The polluted water is rich in phosphates and nitrates. Due to the availability of excess nutrients and reduced oxygen, the algae like blue green algae use the nutrients and grow in the water. This results in formation of algal blooms. Larva of stone fly is a sensitive insect that grows only in well aerated water and does not grow in polluted water. Thus, it acts as a bio-indicator of water pollution.
Related Theory
When the environment becomes rich in nutrients, the aquatic environment faces a problem of increase in the algae. Some of the algae produce toxins which are harmful for other organisms. These toxins can enter the food chain and can be fatal.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET, NEET 2002
Which of the following is absent in polluted water?

Options:
A Hydrilla
B Water hyacinth
C Larva of stone fly
D Blue green algae

The correct answer is:
Larva of stone fly

Solution:
Stonefly belongs to order Plecoptera. The larva requires well-aerated, non-polluted water and is absent in polluted water. These are good pollution indicators. Hydrilla is basically a freshwater plant, but grows in contaminated or polluted water and reduces the water pollution level. Blue-green algae and water hyacinth grow well in organically polluted water.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Which of the following is absorbed in the stomach?

Options:
A Fatty acid
B Amino acid
C Drugs
D Simple sugars

The correct answer is:
Simple sugars

Solution:
In the stomach, absorption of water, simple sugars and alcohol takes place.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
Which of the following is against the rules of ICBN?

Options:
A Handwritten scientific names should be underlined
B Every species should have a generic name and a specific epithet
C Scientific names are in Latin and should be italicised
D Generic and specific names should be written starting with small letters

The correct answer is:
Generic and specific names should be written starting with small letters

Solution:
Statement (d) is against the rules of ICBN because the universal rule of nomenclature is that the first word denoting the genus starts with a capital letter while the specific epithet starts with a small letter. It can be illustrated with the example of Mangifera indica.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Which of the following is allyl bromide?

Options:
A 3-Bromopropane
B 2-bromopropane
C 1-bromopropene
D 3-bromopropene

The correct answer is:
3-bromopropene

Solution:
Correct Option is : 4
3-bromopropene

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET
Which of the following is allylamine?

Options:
A Prop-2-en-1-amine
B Prop-1-en-1-amine
C But-3-en-1-amine
D Ethenamine

The correct answer is:
Prop-2-en-1-amine

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
Prop-2-en-1-amine

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Which of the following is also called "amphibians of the plant kingdom"?

Options:
A Pteridophyta
B Thallophyta
C Tracheophyta
D Bryophyta

The correct answer is:
Bryophyta

Solution:
Bryophytes are land inhabiting or terrestrial plants. They complete their vegetative phase on land but water is necessary for their reproductive phase i.e. for completion of the life cycle, so bryophytes are known as amphibians of the plant kingdom. Thallophytes have a plant body that is not clearly differentiated into roots, stem, and leaves. They do not have vascular tissue and hence are aquatic.
Pteridophytes are the most primitive vascular plants. They have developed vascular tissues and so they were the first vascular plants on land.
Tracheophyte includes all vascular plants - pteridophytes gymnosperms and angiosperms.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Which of the following is also called modified areolar tissue?

Options:
A Dense connective tissue
B Lymph
C Ligaments
D Adipose tissue

The correct answer is:
Adipose tissue

Solution:
Loose connective tissue (Cell and fibres are loosely arranged in a semi –fluid ground substance)	1. Areolar tissue : It possess fibroblast cells, mast cells and macrophages. It act as supporting framework for epithelia. 2. Adipose tissue : This tissue is modified for storing fats. Excess of nutrients are converted to fats and stored in it. Location : Adipose tissue layer beneath the skin as panniculus adiposus.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Which of the following is also known as Pyridoxine?

Options:
A Vitamin B1
B Vitamin B2
C Vitamin B6
D Vitamin B12

The correct answer is:
Vitamin B6

Solution:
Correct Option is : 3
Vitamin B6

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following is also known as thiamine?

Options:
A Vitamin B1
B Vitamin B2
C Vitamin B6
D Vitamin B12

The correct answer is:
Vitamin B1

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
Vitamin B1

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following is an accumulation and release centre of neurohormones?

Options:
A anterior pituitary lobe
B posterior pituitary lobe
C intermediate lobe of the pituitary
D hypothalamus

The correct answer is:
posterior pituitary lobe

Solution:
The neurohormones include oxytocin and vasopressin, both of which are produced and secreted into the blood by the neurohypophysis (posterior part of the pituitary gland).

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET, NEET 2006
Which of the following is an adiabatic wall?

Options:
A A vacuum wall
B A wall made of insulation
C A wall that is very thick
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
Vacuum walls, walls made of insulation, and very thick walls are all examples of adiabatic walls, meaning that they do not transfer heat well.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
Which of the following is an advantage of selecting pea plants for an experiment by Mendel?

Options:
A Peas exhibit several viable contrasting features
B Peas are less expensive
C Peas were Mendel's favourite plant
D The advantage is unknown

The correct answer is:
Peas exhibit several viable contrasting features

Solution:
The advantage of selecting pea plants for an experiment by Mendel is peas exhibit several viable contrasting features

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which of the following is an aerosol

Options:
A Milk
B Froth
C Pumice
D Smoke

The correct answer is:
Smoke

Solution:
Correct Option is : 4
Smoke

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Which of the following is an age related bone disorder characterised by decreased bone mass and increased chances of fractures?

Options:
A Arthritis
B Osteoarthritis
C Osteoporosis
D Gout

The correct answer is:
Osteoporosis

Solution:
Osteoporosis is an age related bone disorder characterised by decreased bone mass and increased chances of fractures.Decreased levels of oestrogen is a common cause of this bone disorder.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET