datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Apomictic embryos in Citrus arise from:

Options:
A Synergids
B Nucellar cells
C Antipodal cells
D Diploid egg

The correct answer is:
Nucellar cells

Solution:
Apomixis is a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction. There are several ways of development of apomictic seeds. In some species, the diploid egg cell is formed without reduction division and develops into the embryo without fertilisation. More often, as in many Citrus and Mango varieties some of the nucellar cells surrounding the embryo sac start dividing, protrude into the embryo sac and develop into the embryos. In such species each ovule contains many embryos. Occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed is referred to as polyembryony.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Apomictic embryos in Citrus arise from

Options:
A synergids
B maternal sporophytic tissue in ovule
C antipodal cells
D diploid egg

The correct answer is:
maternal sporophytic tissue in ovule

Solution:
Substitution of usual sexual reproduction by a form of reproduction which does not involve meiosis and syngamy is called apomixis. In Citrus, apomictic embryos arise from diploid cells (maternal sporophytic tissue) of the ovule occurring outside the embryo sac.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
Apomictic embryos in Citrus arise from:

Options:
A Synergids
B Antipodal cells
C Diploid egg
D Maternal sporophytic tissue in ovule

The correct answer is:
Maternal sporophytic tissue in ovule

Solution:
Apomixis is abnormal kinds of sexual reproduction in which egg or other cells associated with egg (synergids, antipodals, etc.) develop into embryo without fertilization And meiosis. Development of embryos directly from sporophytic tissues like nucellus & integuments is called adventive embryony which is also a type of apoximis. E.g., Citrus, mango.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Apomixis in which the nucellar tissue cells form embryos is shown by-

Options:
A apple
B litchi
C lemon
D strawberry

The correct answer is:
lemon

Solution:
In Citrus, The nucellar cells (diploid) protrude in the embryo sac and develop many embryos. This phenomenon is called Polyembryony. Since such seeds are formed with fertilization, they are also called apomictic seeds

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Apomixis is

Options:
A a special mechanism to produced seed without fertilization.
B a special mechanism to produced seed with fertilization.
C mimics of sexual reproduction.
D A and C

The correct answer is:
A and C

Solution:
Apomixis is a special method of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction in seed formation without gametic fusion or fertilization. It is common in members of Asteraceae family and grasses.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Apomixis is a type of reproduction that results in the development of a/an

Options:
A New seed with fusion of gametes
B Embryo from integuments
C New seed without fusion of gametes
D Embryo from endosperm

The correct answer is:
New seed without fusion of gametes

Solution:
Apomixis is the formation of new individuals by asexual methods that mimic sexual reproduction including seed formation but do not involves the fusion of gametes or sex cells. The organism reproducing through apomixes is called apomict. It is commonly seen in grasses and plants of family Asteraceae. Seeds formed by the process of apomixis are called apomictic seeds.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Apomixis is found in

Options:
A Asteraceae but not in grasses
B grasses but not in Asteraceae
C both Asteraceae and grasses
D neither in Asteraceae nor in grasses

The correct answer is:
both Asteraceae and grasses

Solution:
When diploid cell of nucellus divides to form diploid embryo sac which contains diploid egg cell from which embryo develops without fertilization or gametic fusion than it is called apospory. This mechanism of seed formation without gametic fusion or fertilization is called apomixis. It is commonly present in members of Asteraceae and grasses.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Appearance of which of the following phenotypic ratio indicates polygenic inheritance?

Options:
A 1 : 2 : 1
B 12 : 3 : 1
C 1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1
D 27 : 9 : 9 : 9 : 3 : 3 : 3 : 1

The correct answer is:
1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1

Solution:
Polygenic inheritance occurs when one characteristic is controlled by two or more genes. Often the genes are large in quantity but small in effect. Examples of human polygenic inheritance are height, skin colour, eye colour and weight. eg-Parental genotypes for crosses between the white and red will be - "aabbcc" for white, and "AABBcc" or "aaBBCC" or "AAbbCC" for a light-red. All first-generation offspring will be light-red wheat (for example "AaBbcc"). As a result of crossing first-generation hybrids, obtain the Traits phenotypes ratio 1:4:6:4:1

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Application of a forward bias to a $p-n$ junction:

Options:
A widens the depletion zone
B Increases the potential difference across the depletion zone
C increases the number of donors on the $n$ side
D decreases the electric field in the depletion zone.

The correct answer is:
decreases the electric field in the depletion zone.

Solution:
Forward biased to $p-n$ function decreases the electric field in the depletion zone

Topic: Physics, Semiconductors, NEET, NEET 2005
Applying the principles of classification given by R.H. Whittaker, Chlamydomonas and Chlorella is added in

Options:
A Fungi
B Protozoa
C Protista
D Monera

The correct answer is:
Protista

Solution:
Chlamydomonas and Chlorella, both can be categorized under the kingdom Protista, as they both follow the definition of a Protista, i.e. they are unicellular eukaryotes.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Approximately, ___A___ restriction enzymes have been isolated from over ___B___ strains of bacteria.

Options:
A A - 900, B - 230
B A - 600, B - 230
C A - 230, B - 900
D A - 900, B - 600

The correct answer is:
A - 900, B - 230

Solution:
Tools used in Biotechnology are Endonucleases, host and vectors. Endonucleases are very important as these are enzymes that break the DNA molecules, These are termed as endonucleases as these can cut the DNA molecule at various sites except the ends. The Endonucleases can be Restriction Endonucleases as these cut the DNA molecules at specific sites. These recognize a specific palindromic sequences in the DNA. Palindromic sequences are those that can be read from forward and backward in the same way. Example: GAATTC is on one strand then the other strand will have CTTAAG. These are the palindrome sequence. Approximately 900 such enzymes have been isolated from over 230 strains of bacteria.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis?

Options:
A Less than 1%
B 2-10%
C 30%
D 50%

The correct answer is:
2-10%

Solution:
Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis 2-10%.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Approximately how much percent of insects are phytophagous?

Options:
A 15
B 25
C 35
D 60

The correct answer is:
25

Solution:
Phytophagous (herbivore predator) are those insects which fees on trees. These group comprise nearly 25% of the total insect population. They consume the plant sap. Plants have developed various ways to overcome the predation of phytophagus as plants cannot run away. Thorns, chemicals are ways to keep insect attack at bay.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Approximately seventy percent of carbon-dioxide absorbed by the blood will be transported to the lungs:

Options:
A as bicarbonate ions
B in the form of dissolved gas molecules
C by binding to R.B.C
D as carbamino-haemoglobin

The correct answer is:
as bicarbonate ions

Solution:
About 70% of CO2 is converted into bicarbonates inside RBCs in presence of an enzyme carbonic anhydrase. The bicarbonates are transported as salts of sodium and potassium in blood plasma as well as RBCs.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET, NEET 2014
Aqua regia is used for dissolving which type of metals?

Options:
A Alkali metals
B Noble metals
C Transition metals
D Alkaline earth metals

The correct answer is:
Noble metals

Solution:
Aqua regia is used for dissolving noble metals, such as gold and platinum.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Aqua-regia reacts with Pt to yield –

Options:
A Pt(NO3)4
B H2PtCl6
C PtCl4
D PtCl2

The correct answer is:
H2PtCl6

Solution:
Aqua-regia is a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid in molar ratio 1:3 . It is yellow orange fuming liquid. In Aqua-regia Pt form chloroplatinic acid, H2PtCl6

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Aquatic fern which is an excellent biofertilizer is

Options:
A Salvinia
B Azolla
C Marselia
D Pteridium

The correct answer is:
Azolla

Solution:
Azolla pinnata is a free-floating aquatic fern that grows in freshwater. A symbiotic partner Blue-green algae i.e. Anabaena azolla is found in the specific cavity that is found on the dorsal lobe. They are responsible for fixing the atmospheric nitrogen in the soil in the form of ammonia so they act as an excellent biofertilizer.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Aqueous ammonia is used as a precipitating reagent for Al3+ ions as Al(OH)3 rather than aqueous NaOH, because

Options:
A NH 4 + is a weak base
B NaOH is a very strong base
C NaOH forms [Al(OH) 4 ] − ions
D NaOH forms [Al(OH) 2 ] + ions.

The correct answer is:
NaOH forms [Al(OH) 4 ] − ions

Solution:
Al(OH)3 formed with NaOH dissolves in excess of NaOH to form aluminate ion.
which is stable.
AlCl 3 + 3 NaOH â¶ 2 Al OH 3 â + 3 NaCl
Al OH 3 + OH â â Al OH 4 â ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ âSoluble

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Aqueous copper sulfate solution and aqueous silver nitrate solution are electrolysed by 1 ampere current for 10 minutes in separate electrolytic cells. Will the mass of copper and silver deposited on the cathode be the same or different?

Options:
A Mass of copper and silver deposited on the cathode is the same.
B Mass of copper and silver deposited on the cathode is different.
C No amount of copper or silver is deposited
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Mass of copper and silver deposited on the cathode is different.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Mass of copper and silver deposited on the cathode is different.

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET
Aqueous solution of 0.004 M Na2SO4 and 0.01 M glucose are isotonic. The percentage degree of dissociation of Na2SO4 is

Options:
A 85%
B 75%
C 60%
D 25%

The correct answer is:
75%

Solution:
For two solutions to be isotonic.
i× π Na 2 SO 4 = π Glucose
1+2Î±C1RT=C2RT
1+2Î±Ã0.004=0.01
Î±=0.75 or 75%

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Aqueous solution of ammonia consists of

Options:
A H+
B OH-
C NH4+
D NH4+ and OH-

The correct answer is:
NH4+ and OH-

Solution:
NH3+H2O⇌NH4++OH-

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Aqueous solution of following compounds are electrolysed. Acetylene gas is obtained from

Options:
A sodium fumarate
B sodium maleate
C sodium succinate
D both A and B

The correct answer is:
both A and B

Solution:
Aqueous solution of sodium succinate on electrolysis gives ethene at anode.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Aqueous solution of which of the following compounds is the best conductor of electric current?

Options:
A Acetic acid, C2H4O2
B Hydrochloric acid, HCl
C Ammonia, NH3
D Fructose, C6H12O6

The correct answer is:
Hydrochloric acid, HCl

Solution:
Aqueous solution of HCl is the best conductor of electric current because HCl is strong acid, so it dissociates completely into ions.

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
Archaebacteria differs from eubacteria in:

Options:
A Cell membrane structure
B Mode of nutrition
C Cell shape
D Mode of reproduction

The correct answer is:
Cell membrane structure

Solution:
The Kingdom Monera encompass all prokaryotic, unicellular, organisms. This has been further divided into many groups, Cyanobacteria, Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, etc.

The Archaebacteria are differentiated from other bacteria on the basis of their different cellular features. They show the presence of branched chain lipids in cell membrane than eubacteria. That increases tolerance against adverse conditions. They are called extremophiles.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2014
Archaebacteria living in marshy areas are known as

Options:
A Halophiles
B Methanogens
C Thermoacidophiles
D None

The correct answer is:
Methanogens

Solution:
Methanogens are the organisms which live in marshy areas.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Archegoniate plants include

Options:
A Bryophytes, pteridophytes and Gymnosperms
B Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
C Algae, Fungi, and Bryophytes
D Algae, Bryophytes and Pteridophytes

The correct answer is:
Bryophytes, pteridophytes and Gymnosperms

Solution:
The plants bearing archegonia are called as archegoniate, and the archegonium is the female sex organ in mosses, liverworts, ferns and most conifers.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Archegoniophore is present in

Options:
A Chara
B Adiantum
C Funaria
D Marchantia

The correct answer is:
Marchantia

Solution:
In Marchantia, a bryophyte, the archegonia (female sex organs) are bome on special branches called archegoniophore or female receptacles. Each archegoniophore has rows of archegonia protected by involucre or perichaetium.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Archeopteryx, a transitional fossil between birds and reptiles was discovered from the rocks of following period

Options:
A Jurassic
B Archeozoic era
C Cretaceous
D Triassic

The correct answer is:
Jurassic

Solution:
Archaeopteryx, intermediate between reptiles and birds, originated towards the close of the Jurassic period. Archaeopteryx as a transitional fossil between dinosaurs and modern birds. Archaeopteryx lived around 150 MYA during the late Jurassic Period.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Archesporium refers to:

Options:
A Jacket layer
B Sporogenous layer
C Tapetal layer
D Outermost endosperm layer

The correct answer is:
Sporogenous layer

Solution:
Archesporium refers to a cell or group of cell from which spore mother cell will develop. Archesporium produces archesporial cells which then develops in to sporogenous tissue. Cells from it develop into gametic cell participating in fertilization process.
Tapetal layer are found around the middle layers of surrounding the sprogenous tissue. Tapetum provides nourishment to sporogenous tissue.
Outermost endosperm layer is the aleurone layer having nutritive function.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Are a large number of eggs produced in organisms exhibiting internal fertilisation?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C May be
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
No

Solution:
In organisms exhibiting internal fertilisation, there is a significant reduction in the number of eggs produced even though the number of sperms produced is very large.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Are agrochemicals expensive for farmers in the developing world?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Both A) and B)
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Yes

Solution:
For farmers in the developing world, agrochemicals are often too expensive, and further increases in yield with existing varieties are not possible using conventional breeding.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Are all bacterial cells motile?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Only some species
D Only under certain conditions

The correct answer is:
No

Solution:
Bacterial cells may be motile or non-motile. Some bacteria have flagella that allow them to move, while others do not have this capability.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Are all organisms that produce gametes diploid?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Sometimes
D It depends

The correct answer is:
No

Solution:
Some organisms like monera, fungi, algae, and bryophytes have a haploid plant body, while others like pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms and most animals, including humans, have a diploid parental body.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Are all spores of pteridophytes similar in kind?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Only in some species
D Only in homosporous species

The correct answer is:
Yes

Solution:
In the majority of the pteridophytes, all the spores are of similar kinds; such plants are called homosporous.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Are all STIs curable if detected early and treated properly?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Some are curable and some are not
D It depends on the stage of the infection

The correct answer is:
Some are curable and some are not

Solution:
Except for hepatitis:B, genital herpes, and HIV infections, other STIs are completely curable if detected early and treated properly.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Are all the five bonds in PCl5molecule equivalent? Justify your answer.

Options:
A Yes, all bonds in PCl5are equivalent due to the symmetrical arrangement of chlorine atoms.
B No, the bonds in PCl5are not equivalent because of the different electronegativities of phosphorus and chlorine.
C Yes, all bonds in PCl5are equivalent because phosphorus forms only single bonds with chlorine.
D No, the bonds in PCl5are not equivalent because of the different bond lengths between phosphorus and chlorine.

The correct answer is:
No, the bonds in PCl5are not equivalent because of the different bond lengths between phosphorus and chlorine.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
No, the bonds in PCl5are not equivalent because of the different bond lengths between phosphorus and chlorine.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Are amphibians cold-blooded or warm-blooded animals?

Options:
A Warm-blooded
B Cold-blooded
C Both A) and B)
D Neither A) nor B)

The correct answer is:
Cold-blooded

Solution:
Amphibians are cold-blooded animals.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Are barrier methods of contraception effective in preventing STIs and AIDS?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Partially
D It depends

The correct answer is:
Partially

Solution:
Barrier methods of contraception can partially reduce the risk of contracting STIs and AIDS, but they are not 100% effective in preventing them.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Are barrier methods of contraception reusable?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C It depends
D It's not specified

The correct answer is:
Yes

Solution:
Cervical caps, diaphragms, and vaults are barrier methods of contraception that are reusable. Condoms, on the other hand, are disposable.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Are BCl₃ and SiCl₄ electron deficient species? Explain.

Options:
A Yes, because they both have less than eight electrons in their valence shell.
B No, because they both have an octet of electrons in their valence shell.
C Yes, because they both have more than eight electrons in their valence shell.
D No, because they both have exactly eight electrons in their valence shell.

The correct answer is:
Yes, because they both have less than eight electrons in their valence shell.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Yes, because they both have less than eight electrons in their valence shell.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Are bracts present in a bracteate flower?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Sometimes
D It depends on the flower

The correct answer is:
Yes

Solution:
Bracteate flowers have bracts, which are reduced leaves found at the base of the pedicel.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Are ctenophores bioluminescent?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Only some species
D Unknown

The correct answer is:
Yes

Solution:
Bioluminescence, the property of emitting light, is well-marked in ctenophores.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Are d4 to d7 coordination entities more stable with strong field or weak field ligands?

Options:
A Strong field ligands
B Weak field ligands
C Both are equally stable
D It depends on the metal ion's charge

The correct answer is:
Strong field ligands

Solution:
d4 to d7 coordination entities are more stable with strong field ligands as compared to weak field ligands.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Are dark reactions in photosynthesis light-dependent?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Sometimes
D It depends on the organism

The correct answer is:
Yes

Solution:
Despite the name "dark reactions," they are still light-dependent, but not directly light-driven as the light reactions are.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
Are echinoderms triploblastic or diploblastic?

Options:
A Triploblastic
B Diploblastic
C Both
D None

The correct answer is:
Triploblastic

Solution:
Echinoderms are triploblastic animals.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Are ecosystems exempt from the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Cannot say
D None of the Above

The correct answer is:
No

Solution:
Ecosystems are not exempt from the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Are electrical synapses rare in our system?

Options:
A No, electrical synapses are common in our system
B Yes, electrical synapses are rare in our system
C Electrical synapses do not exist in our system
D The frequency of electrical synapses in our system is unknown

The correct answer is:
Yes, electrical synapses are rare in our system

Solution:
Electrical synapses are rare in our system.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Are endocrine glands ductless glands?

Options:
A No
B Yes
C May be
D May be not

The correct answer is:
Yes

Solution:
Endocrine glands lack ducts and are hence called ductless glands.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
__ & __ are endomembrane structures.

Options:
A Mitochondria and Nucleus
B Nucleus and Centrosome
C Lysosomes and Vacuoles
D Cristae and Cisternae

The correct answer is:
Lysosomes and Vacuoles

Solution:
Lysosomes and Vacuoles are endomembrane structures.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Are gametes produced by mitotic division?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Sometimes
D It depends

The correct answer is:
It depends

Solution:
Gametes in haploid organisms are produced by mitotic division.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Are haploid cells capable of dividing by mitosis?

Options:
A Yes, in some lower plants and social insects
B No, mitosis is restricted to diploid cells only.
C Only in multicellular organisms.
D Only in plants, not animals.

The correct answer is:
Yes, in some lower plants and social insects

Solution:
In some lower plants and in some social insects haploid cells also divide by mitosis.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Are hydrogen bonds weaker or stronger than the van der Waals forces?

Options:
A Hydrogen bonds are weaker than van der Waals forces.
B Hydrogen bonds are stronger than van der Waals forces.
C Hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces are of similar strength.
D The strength of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces varies depending on the specific molecules involved.

The correct answer is:
Hydrogen bonds are stronger than van der Waals forces.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Hydrogen bonds are stronger than van der Waals forces.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Are life spans of organisms necessarily correlated with their sizes?

Options:
A Yes
B No
C Sometimes
D Depends on the species

The correct answer is:
No

Solution:
Life spans of organisms are not necessarily correlated with their sizes, as the sizes of crows and parrots are not very different but their life spans show a wide difference.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET