datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which one of the following is not correctly matched?

Options:
A Transcription - synthesis of DNA from RNA.
B Translation - Using information in mRNA to synthesis protein.
C Repressor protein - Binds to operator to stop transcription of structural gene.
D Operon - Structural genes, operator, promoter and inhibitor.

The correct answer is:
Transcription - synthesis of DNA from RNA.

Solution:
Transcription is the process of synthesis of RNA from DNA. The RNA synthesised is complementary to the DNA strand from which it is synthesized. Synthesis of DNA from RNA is called reverse transcription which is the characteristics of retroviruses.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which one of the following is not correctly matched?

Options:
A Glossina palpalis - Sleeping sickness
B Culex pipiens - Filariasis
C Aedes aegypti - Yellow fever
D Anopheles culifacies - Leishmaniasis.

The correct answer is:
Anopheles culifacies - Leishmaniasis.

Solution:
Leishmaniasis is a vector borne disease that is transmitted by sand flies and caused by Leishmania donovani.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2004
Which one of the following is NOT correctly matched?

Options:
A -N⊕H3 ; meta director
B ; meta director
C ; meta director
D -CH3 ; meta director

The correct answer is:
-CH3 ; meta director

Solution:
A. -N⊕H3 is meta director due to strong –I effect.
B. Dimethyl phenyl phosphate always exist in polar form.
Incomplete octet hence it is –R group and –I group.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Which one of the following is not formed when acetone reacts with 2-pentanone in the presence of dilute NaOH followed by heating?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
This reaction is an example of cross aldol condensation reaction. In this reaction mixture of products will be formed by two different reactants. Two diffrent alpha hydrogen are present in 2-pentanone and one alpha hydrogen is present in acetone. Hence, three cross aldol and three self aldol products are possible. Few products are shown below.

.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 1)
Which one of the following is not found in Gymnosperms?

Options:
A Sieve cells
B Albuminous cells
C Tracheids
D Vessels

The correct answer is:
Vessels

Solution:
Gymnosperm lack vessels in their xylem. In place of companion cells they have albuminous cells. They lack sieve tube but have sieve cells.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2024 (Re-NEET)
Which one of the following is not included under in-situ conservation?

Options:
A Wild-life sanctuary
B Botanical garden
C Biosphere reserve
D National park

The correct answer is:
Botanical garden

Solution:
Botanical garden is an ex-situ conservation strategy of biodiversity.
Wild-life Sanctuary, Biosphere Reserve and National Parks are in-situ conservation strategy of biodiversity.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET, NEET 2024 (Re-NEET)
Which one of the following is not observed in biodiversity hot spots?

Options:
A Endemism
B Accelerated species loss
C Lesser interspecific competition
D Species richness

The correct answer is:
Lesser interspecific competition

Solution:
Hot spots are areas that are extremely rich in species diversity, have high endemism and are under constant threat. The key criteria for determining a hot spot are number of endemic species, and degree of threat, which is measured in terms of habitat loss. 25 terrestrial hot spots had been identified globally with an approximate area of $1.4 \%$. Among the 25 hot spots, 2 are found in India, ie, Western Ghat and Eastern Himalayas. These areas are particularly rich in floral wealth and endemism not only in flowering plants but also in reptiles, amphibians, swallo tailed butterflies and some mammals.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Which one of the following is not observed in biodiversity hotspots?

Options:
A Endemism
B Accelerated species loss
C Lesser inter-specific competition
D Species richness

The correct answer is:
Lesser inter-specific competition

Solution:
Lesser inter-specific competition is not observed in biodiversity hotspots. They have high levels of species richness and a high degree of endemism. Initially 25 biodiversity hotspots were identified but subsequently, nine more such hotspots were added in the world, taking the number to 34. These hotspots are also regions of accelerated habitat loss.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Which one of the following is not observed in biodiversity hotspots?

Options:
A Endemism
B Accelerated species loss
C Lesser inter-specific competition
D Species richness

The correct answer is:
Lesser inter-specific competition

Solution:
In an ecosystem, the inter-specific competition occurs when the individuals belonging to different species compete for the same resources such as food, shelter, etc. In biodiversity hotspots, where the organism distribution is more in a confined area, there will be more inter-specific competition. They have high levels of species richness and a high degree of endemism. Initially 25 biodiversity hotspots were identified, but subsequently, nine more such hotspots were added in the world, taking the number to 34. These hotspots are also the regions of accelerated habitat loss.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Which one of the following is not the function of placenta? It

Options:
A facilitates supply of oxygen and nutrients to embryo
B secretes oestrogen
C facilitates removal of carbon dioxide and waste material from embryo
D secretes oxytocin during parturition

The correct answer is:
secretes oxytocin during parturition

Solution:
Pituitary secretes axytocin during parturition. The functions of placenta are supply of oxygen and nutrients to embryo, secretes oestrogen, facilitates removal of carbon dioxide and waste materials from embryo.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
Which one of the following is not true about antibiotics?

Options:
A The first antibiotic was discovered by Alexander Fleming.
B The term 'antibiotic' was coined by S. Waksman in 1942.
C Some persons can be allergic to a particular antibiotic.
D Each antibiotic is effective only against one particular kind of pathogen.

The correct answer is:
Each antibiotic is effective only against one particular kind of pathogen.

Solution:
Antibiotic is a chemical that inhibit growth or kill bacteria. The first antibiotic was discovered by Alexander Fleming and the term antibiotic was coined by Waksman. Antibiotic can be effective against multiple varieties of pathogen and not just a single pathogen.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Which one of the following is not true regarding the release of energy during ATP synthesis through chemiosmosis? It involves :

Options:
A Breakdown of electron gradient
B Movement of protons across the membrane to the stroma
C Reduction of NADP to NADPH2 on the stroma side of the membrane
D Breakdown of proton gradient

The correct answer is:
Breakdown of electron gradient

Solution:
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that couples electron transfer with the transfer of protons across a membrane and transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors with the help of redox reactions. This generates chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by creating an electrochemical proton gradient, that drives ATP synthesis. The breakdown of proton gradient along the concentration gradient forms the ATP molecules.

F0 protein complex of ATP synthase forms the channel through which protons cross the inner membrane during. For each ATP produced, 2H+ passes through F0 from the intermembrane space to the matrix down the electrochemical proton gradient.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 1)
Which one of the following is not used for construction of ecological pyramids?

Options:
A fresh weight
B dry weight
C number of individuals
D rate of energy flow

The correct answer is:
dry weight

Solution:
Ecological pyramids are the graphical representation of the trophic structure and function at successive trophic levels. The three parameters used are:
(i) Number of individuals in a trophic level.
(ii) Biomass of individual in a trophic level.
(iii) Rate of flow of energy in a trophic level.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET, NEET 2006
Which one of the following is not used for ex situ plant conservation?

Options:
A Field gene banks
B Seed banks
C Shifting cultivation
D Botanical gardens

The correct answer is:
Shifting cultivation

Solution:
Shifting cultivation results into deforestation. Botanical gardens have collection of living plants for reference. Seed banks store seeds as a source for planting in case seed reserves elsewhere are destroyed. Field gene banks are a type of biorepository, which preserve genetic material.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
Which one of the following is not used in organic farming?

Options:
A Glomus
B Earthworm
C Oscillatoria
D Snail

The correct answer is:
Snail

Solution:
Except snail, all these are used in organic farming-
- Endomycorrhiza
- BGA
Earthworm - Vermicompost

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
Which one of the following is one of the characteristics of a biological community?

Options:
A Stratification
B Natality
C Mortality
D Sex-ratio

The correct answer is:
Stratification

Solution:
Stratification is the characteristic of biological community. Stratification is the vertical layering or the phenomenon of having more than one stratum including formed by different plants/organisms in the same place. A forest may have 5-7 strata including large or canopy trees, medium tees, short trees, shrubs, herbs, ground flora etc. Stratification is useful as it can accommodate a large number of organisms of different types and more efficient use of resources. The animals that occupy such similar strata or ecological niches although geographically separated, are called ecological equivalents.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
Which one of the following is one of the paths followed by air or $\mathrm{O}_2$ during respiration in the adult male Periplaneta americana as it enters the animal body?Spiracle in metathorax, trachea, tracheoles, oxygen diffuses into cells

Options:
A Spiracle in metathorax, trachea, tracheoles, oxygen diffuses into cells
B Mouth, bronchial tube, trachea, oxygen enters cells
C Spiracles in prothorax, tracheoles, trachea, oxygen diffuses into cells.
D Hypopharynx, mouth, pharynx, trachea, tissues

The correct answer is:
Spiracle in metathorax, trachea, tracheoles, oxygen diffuses into cells

Solution:
The trachea is a dense array of a network of air tubes found in the internal system. Tracheae are known to balance the pressure inside the system. When oxygenrich air enters into the body of the cockroach via spiracles into the tracheal tubes, it diffuses into
various tissues and cells of the body. Here, oxygen is used up to liberate energy. Likewise, carbon-dioxide rich air passes into the trachea and moves to the outwards through the spiracles. Carbon dioxide is given out as a result of the respiratory process. (Ref. to Fig. 14.9)
Related Theory
The exchange of gases depends on the metabolic rate and temperature. When air enters the tracheoles, oxygen diffuses faster into the tissues due to its high partial pressure. At the same time the carbon dioxide of tissues, instead of passing into the tracheal system, goes into the haemolymph. Carbon dioxide is carried more quickly into the haemolymph due to its greater solubility in it. This carbon dioxide accumulates near the spiracles and diffuses in to the atrial chambers near the spiracles and goes out in bursts through the abdominal spiracles.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
Which one of the following is oviparous?

Options:
A Platypus
B Flying fox (Bat)
C Elephant
D Whale

The correct answer is:
Platypus

Solution:
Platypus is oviparous.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Which one of the following is present as an active ingredient in bleaching powder for bleaching action?

Options:
A $\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OCl})_2$
B $\mathrm{CaO}_2 \mathrm{Cl}$
C $\mathrm{CaCl}_2$
D $\mathrm{CaOCl}_2$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OCl})_2$

Solution:
$\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OCl})_2$, calcium hypochlorite is the active ingredient in beleaching powder which releases chlorine.

Topic: Physics, Work Power Energy, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Which one of the following is present as an active ingredient in bleaching powder for bleaching action?

Options:
A CaOCl2
B CaOCl
C CaO2Cl
D CaCI2

The correct answer is:
CaOCl2

Solution:
Active ingredient in bleaching powder for bleaching action is CaOCl2 .

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Which one of the following is related to ex situ conservation of threatened animals and plants?

Options:
A Wildlife Safari parks
B Biodiversity hot spots
C Amazon rainforest
D Himalayan region

The correct answer is:
Wildlife Safari parks

Solution:
Ex situ conservation is an offsite strategy for conservation of animals and plants in the zoological park and botanical gardens respectively. Wildlife safari parks are used for the ex situ conservation of threatened animals and plants. They are taken out from their natural habitat and placed in special settings. Here they are protected and given special care.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET, NEET 2017
Which one of the following is related to ex situ conservation of threatened animals and plants?

Options:
A Wildlife Safari parks
B Biodiversity hot spots
C Amazon rainforest
D Himalayan region

The correct answer is:
Wildlife Safari parks

Solution:
Ex situ conservation is an offsite strategy for conservation of animals and plants in the zoological park and botanical gardens respectively. Wildlife safari parks are used for the ex situ conservation of threatened animals and plants. They are taken out from their natural habitat and placed in special settings. Here they are protected and given special care.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Which one of the following is resistant to enzyme action?

Options:
A Leaf cuticle
B Cork
C Wood fibre
D Pollen exine

The correct answer is:
Pollen exine

Solution:
A pollen grain is a partly germinated microspore representing the male gametophyte. The pollen grains has two major wall layers the exine, which is the outer layer & chiefly composed of sporopollenin (an organic polymer that is resistant to oxidation & leaching), & the intine, which is the inner layer & chiefly composed of pecto-cellulose.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Which one of the following is responsible for depletion of the ozone layer in the upper strata of the atmosphere?

Options:
A Polyhalogens
B Ferrocene
C Fullerenes
D Freons

The correct answer is:
Freons

Solution:
Freons are chlorine containing gas. On exposure to UV rays in the upper part of atmosphere, Freon dissociates to give free chlorine radicals, which result in depletion of $\mathrm{O}_3$ layer.
Related Theory
Freon is a non-combustible gas, used as a refrigerant in air conditioning applications. It undergoes an evaporation process over and over again to help produce cool air that can be circulated throughout the AC system.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2004
Which one of the following is showing the correct sequential order of vertebrae in the vertebral column of human beings?

Options:
A Cervical – lumbar – thoracic – sacral – coccygeal
B Cervical – thoracic – sacral – lumbar – coccygeal
C Cervical – sacral – thoracic – lumbar – coccygeal
D Cervical – thoracic – lumbar – sacral – coccygeal

The correct answer is:
Cervical – thoracic – lumbar – sacral – coccygeal

Solution:
Cervical vertebrae are present in the neck region. Thoracic vertebrae are present in the chest region. Lumbar vertebrae are present in the abdomen. Sacrum is present in the hip area and coccyx is considered as vestigial tail.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Which one of the following is strongest acid

Options:
A 2-chloropentanoic acid
B 3-chloropentanoic acid
C 5-chloropentanoic acid
D 4-chloropentanoic acid

The correct answer is:
2-chloropentanoic acid

Solution:
As magnitude of –I effect decreases with distance so acidic nature also decreases.
Here 2-chloropentanoic acid is most acidic while 5-chloropentanoic acid is least acidic.
2-chloropentanoic acid > 3-chloropentanoic acid > 4-chloropentanoic acid > 5-chloropentanoic acid

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Which one of the following is surrounded by cellulose wall?

Options:
A male gamete
B egg
C pollen grain
D microspore mother cell

The correct answer is:
microspore mother cell

Solution:
Microspore mother cell issurrounded by a cellulose wall ($(-1,3$-glucan $)$. Egg cell and male gamete are devoid of cell wall. Pollen grain is covered by sporopollenin.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2007
Which one of the following is the characteristics of a biological community?

Options:
A Stratification
B Natality
C Mortality
D Sex ratio

The correct answer is:
Stratification

Solution:
The characteristics of biological community are dominance, species diversity, trophic organisation, stratification, dynamism and stability. Organisms are not uniformly distributed throughout a community. They usually occur in definite zones. This spatial arrangement of populations is called stratification. Natality, mortality, age structure and sex ratio are the basic characteristics of a population.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Which one of the following is the correct difference between rod cells and cone cells of our retina?

Options:
A (a)
B (b)
C (c)
D (d)

The correct answer is:
(c)

Solution:
The retina is the neural and sensory layer of eyeball. A small, oval, yellowish area of the retina lying exactly opposite the centre of cornea is named the macula lutea or yellow spot, which has at its middle a shallow depression the fovea centralis. The fovea centralis has cone cells only. It is devoid of rods and blood vessels. The rods contain the rhodopsin (visual purple) pigment and enable the animals to see in darkness. Therefore, present in large number in nocturnal animals. The cones contain the iodopsin (visual violet) pigment and chiefly concerned with distinction in colour and light vision during day time.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Which one of the following is the correct increasing order of the magnitude of ionic radii of Ce3+,La3+,Pm3+ and Yb3+ ?

Options:
A Yb3+<Pm3+<La3+<Ce3+
B Yb3+<Pm3+<Ce3+<La3+
C Pm3+<La3+<Ce3+<Yb3+
D Ce3+<Yb3+<Pm3+<La3+

The correct answer is:
Yb3+<Pm3+<Ce3+<La3+

Solution:
In case of lanthenides with the increase of atomic number atomic and ionic size decrease constantly but slightly due to poor screening effect by inner electrons.
La3+103pm>Ce3+102pm>Pm3+97pm>Yb3+86.8pm

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Which one of the following is the correct match of events occurring during the menstrual cycle?

Options:
A Menstruation: Breakdown of myometrium & ovum not fertilized
B Proliferative phase: Rapid regeneration of myometrium & maturation of Graafian follicle
C Development of corpus luteum: Secretory phase & increased secretion of progesterone
D Ovulation: LH and FSH attain peak level & sharp fall in the secretion of progesterone

The correct answer is:
Development of corpus luteum: Secretory phase & increased secretion of progesterone

Solution:
The secretory phase is also called as the luteal phase. The luteinising hormone or LH is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. LH causes ovulation. LH stimulates cells of ovarian follicles to develop corpus luteum. Corpus luteum secretes a large amount of progesterone.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Which one of the following is the correct matching of a vitamin, its nature and its deficiency disease?

Options:
A Vitamin A - Fat-soluble - Night blindness
B Vitamin K - Fat-soluble - Beri-beri
C Vitamin A - Fat-soluble - Beri-beri
D Vitamin K-Water soluble - Pellagra.

The correct answer is:
Vitamin A - Fat-soluble - Night blindness

Solution:
Vitamin A deficiency causes Night blindness (Xeropthalmia). Deficiency of vitamin K causes loss of clotting of blood. Vitamin $\mathrm{B}_1$ deficiency cause Beri beri and Viatmin $\mathrm{B}_3$ causes pellagra.
Related Theory
Fat soluble vitamins are $A, D, E, K$. Vitamin $B$ and $C$ are water soluble.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET, NEET 2004
Which one of the following is the correct matching of the events occurring during menstrual cycle?

Options:
A Ovulation - LH and FSH attain peak level and sharp fall in the sectetion of progesterone
B Proliferative - Rapid regeneration of phase myometrium and maturation of Grafian follicle
C Development of corpus luteum - Secretory phase and corpusluteum increased secretion of progesterone
D Menstruation - Breakdown of myometrium and ovum

The correct answer is:
Development of corpus luteum - Secretory phase and corpusluteum increased secretion of progesterone

Solution:
In secretory phase during ovulation, the follicle breaks and collapses under the continuous influence of Luteinizing Hormone (LH). It begins to enlarge and forms a yellowish structure, called the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum plays an important role in the preparation of the endometrium for the implantation of the fertilized egg by secreting estrogens and progesterone.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
Which one of the following is the correct matching of the site of action on the given substrate, the enzyme acting upon it and the end product?

Options:
A (a)
B (b)
C (c)
D (d)

The correct answer is:
(b)

Solution:
The pancreatic juice contains $\alpha$-amylase, which converts starch into maltose, isomaltose and $\alpha$-dextrins in small intestine.
$$
\text { Starch } \stackrel{\alpha \text {-amylase }}{\longrightarrow} \text { Maltose (Disaccharide) }
$$
The pancreatic juice also contains proenzymes trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase. The trypsinogen is converted to active trypsin in intestine by enterokinase of intestinal juice. The trypsin converts proteins into large peptides and the large peptides are converted to dipeptide and amino acids by carboxypeptidase.
The stomach lacks any fat emulsifying agent and fat is largely digested in small intestine. Bile salts breakdown fat droplets into many small ones by reducing the surface tension of the fat droplets. This process is called emulsification. The lipase digests the emulsified fat into fatty acid and glycerides.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Which one of the following is the correct matching of three items and their grouping category?
$\begin{array}{l|l}
& \text{Items} & \text{Group} \\
\hline \text{(a)} & \text{Malleus, incus, cochlea} & \text{Ear ossicles} \\
\text{(b)} & \text{Ilium, ischium, pubis} & \text{Coxal bones of pelvic girdle} \\
\text{(c)} & \text{Actin, myosin, rhodopsin} & \text{Muscle proteins} \\
\text{(d)} & \text{Cytosine, uracil, thiamine} & \text{Pyrimidines}
\end{array}$

Options:
A (a)
B (b)
C (c)
D (d)

The correct answer is:
(b)

Solution:
There are found total five nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids. Out of these adenine, guanine (purines) and cytosine, thymine (pyrimidines) are present in DNA, while RNA contains uracil in place of thymine (both pyrimidines) alongwith rest 3 similar to DNA.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)