datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Select the false statement.

Options:
A Plant species are less than animal species on earth
B Prokaryotic species are more in number in comparison to animal species
C More than 90,000 species of animal are found in India
D India is one of the 12 Megadiversity countries in the world

The correct answer is:
Prokaryotic species are more in number in comparison to animal species

Solution:
Some interesting aspects about earth's biodiversity are:
1. Animal species >70 %
2. Plant species (including algae, fungi, bryophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms) >22 %
3. Other species (these include prokaryotic and protistan species) <8 %

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Select the favourable conditions required for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin at the alveoli.

Options:
A High pO2, low pCO2, less H+, lower temperature
B Low pO2, high pCO2, more H+, higher temperature
C High pO2, high pCO2, less H+, higher temperature
D Low pO2, low pCO2, more H+, higher temperature

The correct answer is:
High pO2, low pCO2, less H+, lower temperature

Solution:
In the alveoli, where there is high pO2, low pCO2, lesser H+concentration, and lower temperature, the factors are all favourable for the formation of oxxhaemoglobin, whereas, in the tissues, where low pO2, high pCO2, high H+concentration and higher temperature exist, the conditions are favourable for dissociation of oxygen from the oxyhaemoglobin.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET, NEET 2021
Select the feature which is not applicable to Annelida.

Options:
A Organ system level of organization
B Closed type of circulatory system
C Protenephridia for excretion
D Tube within tube body plan

The correct answer is:
Protenephridia for excretion

Solution:
Phylum Annelida:
Habitat: Mostly free-living (aquatic or terrestrial), few are parasitic.
Symmetry: Bilaterally symmetrical.
Level of organization: Organ system level.
Triploblastic and eucoelomate.
Gut: Complete. The tube within tube plan.
Circulatory system: Closed type.
Excretion and osmoregulation: Nephridia.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Select the features that are common to animal and plant cells?

Amyloplast	Golgi bodies	Mitochondria having 70S ribosome	Centrioles

1	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

2	Yes	No	Yes	No

3	No	Yes	Yes	No

4	No	No	No	Yes

Options:
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4

The correct answer is:
3

Solution:
The amyloplast is the organelle responsible for storing carbohydrates and is exclusively found in plant cells.
Centrioles are structures which help in cell division and found only in animal cells but absent in plant cell. Nucleus and cytoplasm are basic structural features of a eukaryotic cell to which animal and plant cells belong.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Select the group in which pneumatic bones are present.

Options:
A Aves
B Reptiles
C Mammals
D Amphibians

The correct answer is:
Aves

Solution:
In Aves, pneumatic bones are present.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Select the hormone whose level if drops will result in immediate menstruation.

Options:
A FSH
B FSH-RH
C Progesterone
D Estrogen

The correct answer is:
Progesterone

Solution:
Progesterone hormone which is secreted by the corpus luteum in the ovaries is responsible to stop ovulation (during pregnancy) and fixes the foetus to the uterine wall, facilitates placenta formation and controls the foetus development in uterus. If this hormone is withdrawn then fixation of foetus to uterine wall will not take place, ovulation starts from the ovaries and hence in human female menstruation starts.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Select the incorrect definition.

Options:
A Resting potential: an electrical wave-like the response of a neuron to a stimulation.
B Synaptic cleft: the gap between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons
C Neurotransmitters: chemicals involved in the transmission of impulses at synapses.
D All the definitions are correct.

The correct answer is:
Resting potential: an electrical wave-like the response of a neuron to a stimulation.

Solution:
Resting potential: the electrical potential difference across the resting neural membrane

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Select the incorrect from the following.

Options:
A 'Diatomaceous earth' is formed by the cell walls of diatoms.
B Viriods consists of protein coat.
C Phycomycetes are also called algal fungi.
D Golden algae are also called desmids.

The correct answer is:
Viriods consists of protein coat.

Solution:
Viroids discovered by T. O. Diener are small naked RNA which are not surrounded by protein coat. These are smallest pathogen which causes diseases only in plants.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the incorrect information given about the disease commonly caused by these fungal genera:
Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton.

Options:
A Common symptoms - Appearance of dry, scaly and itchy lesions on various parts of the body.
B Favourable conditions for disease - In winter and dry conditions.
C Common areas involved - Skin folds, nails, scalp, groin and between the toes.
D Mode of infection - From soil or by using towels, clothes or even the comb of infected individuals.

The correct answer is:
Favourable conditions for disease - In winter and dry conditions.

Solution:
Ringworm infection is one of the most common infectious diseases in human. It is commonly caused by fungal genera Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton.
Mode of infection: Generally acquired from soil or by using towels, clothes, combs of infected individuals.
Sign and symptoms: Dry, scaly lesions on various parts of the body- skin, nails and scalp, intense itching, etc.
Heat and moisture promote the growth of fungi. These fungi grow in skin folds in the groin or between the toes.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Select the incorrect information given regarding ascariasis.

Options:
A Common name of causative agent: Round worm
B Organ in which adult pathogen is found - Colon.
C Symptoms: Internal bleeding, muscular pain, fever, anemia and blockage of the intestinal passage.
D Mode of infection: Contaminated soil, water and plants.

The correct answer is:
Organ in which adult pathogen is found - Colon.

Solution:
Ascaris lumbricoides (the common roundworm, an intestinal parasite) causes ascariasis. A roundworm infects a person's small intestine. The mode of infection is by the consumption of soil, water, plants, etc. contaminated with the release of parasite eggs along with the feces of a infected person. The signs and symptoms are intestinal bleeding, muscular pain, fever, anemia and blocking of the intestinal lumen.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Select the incorrect information.

Options:
A Australopithecus - Lived in East African grasslands.
B Ramapithecus - It was more ape like.
C Neanderthal Man - Believed in burial customs.
D Homo habilis - Cranial capacity = 650 - 800 cc

The correct answer is:
Ramapithecus - It was more ape like.

Solution:
Stages of Human	Description
Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus (About 15 mya )	- These primates were hairy and walked like gorillas and chimpanzees. - Dryopithecus : More ape-like. - Ramapithecus : More man-like.
Australopithecines ( 2 mya )	- Lived in East African grasslands. - These use stone weapons for hunting but also ate fruits.
Homo habilis	- First human-like being : the hominid. - Cranial capacity : 650-800cc . - These probably did not eat meat.
Neanderthal man ( 1,00,000-40,000 years back)	- Lived near east and central Asia. - Cranial capacity : 1400cc . - These people used hides to protect their body and buried their dead.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A

Saheli	This is an oral contraceptive for females containing a non-steroidal preparation. It is a ‘once a month’ pill

B

Male and Female condoms	Condoms are barriers made of thin rubber/latex sheath. These are applied just before coitus.

C

Lactational amenorrhea	It is based on the fact that ovulation and therefore the cycle do not occur during the period of intense lactation following parturition.

D

MTPs	These are considered relatively safe during the first trimester i.e., upto 12 weeks of pregnancy.

The correct answer is:

Saheli	This is an oral contraceptive for females containing a non-steroidal preparation. It is a ‘once a month’ pill

Solution:
Saheli (Developed at Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow). It is a non-steroidal oral contraceptive for the females. It is a 'once a week' pill. Side effects are very few and the contraceptive value is high. Chemical component: Ormeloxifene

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A Trimerous - Liliaceae
B Tetramerous - Solanaceae
C Pentamerous - Solanaceae
D Pentamerous - Fabaceae

The correct answer is:
Tetramerous - Solanaceae

Solution:
In tetramerous conditions, flower consists of four similar parts, such as sepals, petals, and stamens, in sets of four. Solanaceae has the pentameric condition, Brassicaceae and Labiatae show the tetramerous flower and all monocots shows trimerous flowers.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A El Nino effect - odd climatic changes
B Radioactive leakage - Three Mile island
C Biomagnification - Hg and DDT
D Haryana Kisan Welfare Club - Ahmed Khan

The correct answer is:
Haryana Kisan Welfare Club - Ahmed Khan

Solution:
Haryana Kisan Welfare Club was established by Ramesh Chandra Dagar to spread information and help on the practice of integrated organic farming. Integrated organic farming is a cyclical zero waste procedure where waste product from one process are cycled in as nutrients for other processes.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A

Variety	Resistance of diseases
Wheat (Himgiri)	Leaf and stripe rust, hill bunt

B

Variety	Resistance of diseases

Brassica (Pusaswarnim)	Black rot of mustard

C

Variety	Resistance of diseases
Cow pea (pusakomal)	Bacterial blight

D

Variety	Resistance of diseases
Chilli (Pusasadabahar)	Chillimosaic virus, TMV, Leaf curl

The correct answer is:

Variety	Resistance of diseases

Brassica (Pusaswarnim)	Black rot of mustard

Solution:
Some of the varieties developed by breeding technique:

Crop	Variety	Resistance to diseases

Wheat	Himgiri	Leaf and stripe rust, Hill bunt

Brassica	Pusa Swarnim	White rust

Cauliflower	Pusa Shubhra,
Pusa Snowball K-1	Black rot, curl blight

Cowpea	Pusa Komal	Bacterial blight

Chilli	Pusa Sadabahar	Chilli mosaic virus, tobacco mosaic virus, leaf curl

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A Bones - Non pliable ground substance
B Areolar tissue - Loose connective tissue
C Blood - Fibres are absent
D Dense connective tissue - Possess fibres but lacks fibroblast.

The correct answer is:
Dense connective tissue - Possess fibres but lacks fibroblast.

Solution:
Dense connective tissue - Fibres and fibroblast cells are densely packed in regular (dense regular) or irregular(dense irregular) pattern.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Select the incorrect match:

Options:
A ANF - Atria of heart
B Renin - Kidney
C Vasopressin - Anterior pituitary
D Progesterone - Placenta

The correct answer is:
Vasopressin - Anterior pituitary

Solution:
Hormones secreted by Adenohypophysis

A. Pars distalis (anterior pituitary)	1. Growth hormone (GH). 2. Prolactin (PRL). 3. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). 4. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). 5. Luteinizing hormone (LH). 6. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).
B. Pars intermedia	Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH).

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A Epiphytes - Saline conditions
B Radioactive leakage - Three Mile Island
C Bioconcentration - Hg and DDT
D Haryana Kisan Welfare Club - Ahmed Khan

The correct answer is:
Haryana Kisan Welfare Club - Ahmed Khan

Solution:
Haryana Kisan Welfare Club was established by Ramesh Chandra Dagar to spread information and help on the practice of integrated organic farming. Integrated organic farming is a cyclical zero waste procedure where waste product from one process are cycled in as nutrients for other processes. This allows maximum utilization of resources and increases the efficiency of production.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A Adrenal cortex - Mineralocorticoids
B Thyroid gland - Two elongated oval lobes
C Hyperthyroidism - Exophthalamic goitre
D Cortisol - Peptide hormone

The correct answer is:
Cortisol - Peptide hormone

Solution:
Types of hormones on the basis of chemical nature :
1. Peptide/polypeptide/protein hormones	Insulin, glucagon, pituitary hormones, thymosins and hypothalamic hormones
2. Steroids	Cortisol, testosterone, estradiol and progesterone.
3. Iodothyronines	Thyroid hormones
4. Amino-acid derivatives	Epinephrine

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A Adrenal cortex - Glucocorticoids
B Parathyroid glands - 4 in number
C Hypothyroidism - Cretinism
D Thymosins - Steroid hormone

The correct answer is:
Thymosins - Steroid hormone

Solution:
Types of hormones on the basis of chemical nature:

1. Peptide / polypeptide / protein
hormones	Insulin, glucagon, pituitary hormones, thymosins and hypothalamic hormones

2. Steroids	Cortisol, testosterone, estradiol and progesterone.

3. Iodothyronines	Thyroid hormones

4. Amino-acid derivatives	Epinephrine

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A Beeswax- Used in the preparation of cosmetics and polishes.
B Mule- It is the result of mating between the male and female animals of two different species.
C Hilsa, Sardines and Mackerel- Some of the marine fishes that are eaten in our country.
D Inbreeding - Inbreeding refers to the mating of related individuals of closely related breeds.

The correct answer is:
Inbreeding - Inbreeding refers to the mating of related individuals of closely related breeds.

Solution:
Inbreeding: Breeding between the animals of the same breed having common ancestors on either side of their pedigree for 4–6 generations.
Out-breeding: It is of following types.
A. Out-crossing - Breeding between the unrelated animals, which may be of the same breed but having no common ancestors on either side of their pedigree for 4–6 generations.
B. Cross-breeding: Breeding of animals of different breeds of the same species.
C. Inter-specific hybridization: Breeding of animals of different species.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A

Algae	Use
Gelidium	Preparation of ice-creams and jellies

B

Algae	Use

Spirullina	Used as food suppliments by space travelers

C

Algae	Use

Chlorella	Used in cough syrups

D

Algae	Use
Brown algae	As emulsifying agent

The correct answer is:

Algae	Use

Chlorella	Used in cough syrups

Solution:
Importance of algae
1. 50% of CO2 fixation on earth is carried out by algae during photosynthesis.
2. Algae as food :
a. About 70 species of marine algae are used as food. Example - Porphyra, Sargassum, Laminaria, etc.
b. Unicellular algae like Chlorella and Spirulina are rich in proteins and also used by space travellers.
3. Water holding chemicals (hydrocolloids) - Algin (obtained from red algae) and Carragenin (obtained from red algae) are commercially used hydrocolloids.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Select the INCORRECT match.

Options:
A Clavicle - S-shaped collar bone having flat medial part and cylindrical outer parts.
B Scapula - a large triangular bone situated dorsolaterally over 2nd to 7th rib.
C Acetabulum - a cavity formed by the fusion of ilium, ischium and pubis.
D Patella - cup shaped sesamoid bone making knee joint

The correct answer is:
Clavicle - S-shaped collar bone having flat medial part and cylindrical outer parts.

Solution:
Human skeleton system consists of 206 bones. These are classified as Axial skeleton (80) bones and Appendicular skeleton (126) bones. Appendicular skeleton consists of pectoral and pelvic girdle and bones of limbs. Pectoral girdle consists of Clavicle and Scapula. Clavicle is also known as collar bone. It is the only bone which is in horizontal position. It articulates medially with sternum and laterally with acromian process of scapula. Medial end is rounded and lateral end is flat. Scapula is shoulder blade and it is a large triangular bone that extends from 2nd to 7th ribs. Pelvic bone contains a cavity called as Acetabulaum which articulates femur and forms the hip joint. This cavity is formed by fusion of three parts of cozal bone i.e. Ilium, Ischium and Pubis. Appendicular skeleton of lower limb has a bone known as patella (knee cap) which is a sesamoid bone and forms knee joint.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Select the incorrect match

Options:
A Electrical synapse - Rare in body
B Arachnoid - Thin inner meninge
C Medulla - Important centres for gastric secretions
D Scala media - Middle chamber of cochlea

The correct answer is:
Arachnoid - Thin inner meninge

Solution:
Meninges are of 3 types :
1. Dura mater (outer layer) - This layer is in contact with cranium.
2. Arachnoid (a thin middle layer).
3. Pia mater (inner layer) - This layer is in contact with brain tissue.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A Pectoral girdle - 4 bones
B False ribs in humans that are not true-8th to 10th
C Palm bones in limbs - 5
D Ankle bones in a limb - 7

The correct answer is:
Pectoral girdle - 4 bones

Solution:
The shoulder girdle or pectoral girdle (bones in the appendicular skeleton) in humans consists of 2 bones: the clavicle and scapula. Ribs 8th, 9th and 10th are known as false ribs. They do not connect to the sternum; instead, they connect to the costal cartilage.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A

Eustachian tube	It connects the middle ear with pharynx.

B

Fovea	Corpus atresia is located in the central part of the fovea.

C

Vestibular apparatus	It consists of semicircular canals and otoliths.

D

Olfactory epithelium	Neuron from olfactory epithelium enter the olfactory bulb in brain.

The correct answer is:

Fovea	Corpus atresia is located in the central part of the fovea.

Solution:
Macula lutea:
Location: It is a yellowish pigmented spot located at the posterior pole of the eye lateral to the blind spot.
Fovea: It is a central pit found in the macula lutea. It is a thinned-out portion of the retina in which only the cones are found in a densely packed manner. Visual acuity (resolution) is greatest at this point.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A

Typical poultry birds	Chicken, Ducks, Turkey and Geese

B

Result of outbreeding	Hisardale, Mule

C

Marine water fishes	Hilsa, Sardines, Mackerel and Pomfrets

D

Flying birds	Columba, Psittacula, Aptenodytes

The correct answer is:

Flying birds	Columba, Psittacula, Aptenodytes

Solution:
Flying birds - Passer (Sparrow), Corvus (Crow), Psittacula (Parrot), Columba (Pigeon), Pavo (Peacock - National bird), Neophron (Vulture).
Flightless birds (Ratitae group) - Struthio (Ostrich), Rhea, Emu.
Others - Aptenodytes (Penguin).

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Select the INCORRECT match.

Options:
A Morels and truffles - Phycomycetes
B Puff balls and toad stools - Basidiomycetes
C Early blight of potato - Alternaria solani
D Late blight of potato - Phytophthora infestans

The correct answer is:
Morels and truffles - Phycomycetes

Solution:
Ascomycetes is commonly known as sac fungi which includes many septate fungi like Claviceps, Neurospora and Aspergillus. Many members like morels and truffles are edible and are considered delicacies. Common examples of Basidiomycetes (Club fungi) are Agaricus (mushroom), Ustilago (smut), Puccinia (rust fungus), bracket fungi or puffballs. Early blight is a disease of potato caused by Deuteromycetes fungi called Alternaria solani. Late blight of potato is caused by fungi Phytophthora infestans which belong to Phylum oomycota

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A Disease- Malaria, Causative organism - A protozoan, Insect- Anopheles
B Disease- Chikungunya, Causative organism - A bacteria, Insect- Culex
C Disease- Filariasis, Causative organism - An annelid, Insect- Culex
D Disease- Dengue, Causative organism - A virus, Insect- Aedes

The correct answer is:
Disease- Malaria, Causative organism - A protozoan, Insect- Anopheles

Solution:
Plasmodium, a tiny protozoan is responsible for this disease. Different species of Plasmodium (P. vivax, P. malaria and P. falciparum) are responsible for different types of malaria. Of these, malignant malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is the most serious one and can even be fatal. The malarial parasite requires two hosts â human and mosquitoes â to complete its life cycle; the female Anopheles mosquito is the vector (transmitting agent) too.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Select the incorrect match.

Options:
A Submetacentric chromosomes : L-shaped chromosomes
B Allosomes : Sex chromosomes
C Lampbrush choromosomes : Diplotene bivalents
D Polytene chromosomes - Oocytes of amphibians

The correct answer is:
Polytene chromosomes - Oocytes of amphibians

Solution:
Polytene Chromosomes: It was discovered by Balbiani. They are found in permanent prophase stage. The size of the polytene chromosomes is 2000μm. They were observed in the cell of salivary glands of Chironomus larva of Dipteran insect.

Special Characteristic: They become giant due to endomitosis or endoduplication. Large swellings are found on some places of each strand that are called puffs (Balbiani rings). In puffs, DNA is uncoiled for rapid transcription of RNA that undergoes translation to form proteins.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET, NEET 2018
Select the incorrect match about evolution.

Options:
A Origin of earth: 4500 million years ago
B Origin of Universe: 20 million years ago
C Origin of first cellular form of life: 2000 million years ago
D Origin of first non-cellular form of life: 3 billion years ago

The correct answer is:
Origin of Universe: 20 million years ago

Solution:
Big Bang theory explains the origin of universe, which occurred about 20 billion or 20000 million years ago. The origin of Earth occurred about 4.5 billion or 4500 million years ago. The first non cellular form of life was originated about 3 billion or 3000 million years ago.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Select the incorrect match from the following.

Options:
A Musca domestica: Diptera (Order)
B Mangifera indica: Anacardiaceae (Family)
C Solanum melongena: Polymoniales (Order)
D Panthera tigris - Canidae (Family)

The correct answer is:
Panthera tigris - Canidae (Family)

Solution:
The tiger (Panthera tigris) is a member of the Felidae family. Carnivora involves Felidae and Canidae, Polymoniales include Convolvulaceae and Solanaceae. Canidae involves Canis, Ursus, etc., and Solanaceae involves Solanum, Petunia, and Datura.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Select the incorrect match from the following.

Options:
A Phycobiont - Algal partner of Lichen
B Phycomycetes - Albugo candida
C Flagellated protozoan - Trypanosoma
D Archaebacteria - Cyanobacteria

The correct answer is:
Archaebacteria - Cyanobacteria

Solution:
Archaebacteria are special since they live in some of the most harsh habitats such as extreme salty areas (halophiles), hot springs (thermoacidophiles) and marshy areas (methanogens). Archaebacteria differ from other bacteria in having a different cell wall structure and this feature is responsible for their survival in extreme conditions. Methanogens are present in the gut of several ruminant animals such as cows and buffaloes and they are responsible for the production of methane (biogas) from the dung of these animals.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET