datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which of the following ecological pyramids is generally inverted?

Options:
A Pyramid of numbers in grassland
B Pyramid of energy
C Pyramid of biomass in a forest
D Pyramid of biomass in a sea

The correct answer is:
Pyramid of biomass in a sea

Solution:
The amount of living organic matter is called biomass . And the pyramid of biomass is graphical representation of biomass per unit area at different tropic levels with producer at the base and carnivorous at the top .
The pyramid of biomass in ocean inverted because:
(i) Food chain in the ocean - {Phytoplankton → zooplankton → predatory fish.}
(ii) the biomass of zooplankton is greater than phytoplankton (the producer) because of their small size and low weight. The predatory fish is much larger than zooplankton.
(iii) the producer in ocean or aquatic ecosystem producers are phytoplankton have short life span and turn over and have lower mass than zooplankton.
(iv) the biomass of tropic level depends on the longevity of member

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
Which of the following ecosystem has the maximum amount of biomass production?

Options:
A Forest ecosystem
B Grassland ecosystem
C Pond ecosystem
D Lake ecosystem

The correct answer is:
Forest ecosystem

Solution:
Biomass refers to the amount of living organic matter, Forest ecosystem has the maximum biomass, because it includes organisms of all trophic levels as compared to the pond, Lake or grassland ecosystem, In forest ecosystems productivity is also high that contributes to maximum biomass.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET, NEET 2017
Which of the following ecosystem has the maximum amount of biomass production?

Options:
A Forest ecosystem
B Grassland ecosystem
C Pond ecosystem
D Lake ecosystem

The correct answer is:
Forest ecosystem

Solution:
Biomass refers to the amount of living organic matter, Forest ecosystem has the maximum biomass, because it includes organisms of all trophic levels as compared to the pond, Lake or grassland ecosystem, In forest ecosystems productivity is also high that contributes to maximum biomass.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Which of the following ecosystems is most productive in terms of net primary . production?

Options:
A Deserts
B Tropical rain forests
C Oceans
D Estuaries

The correct answer is:
Tropical rain forests

Solution:
Tropical rain forests ecosystems is most productive in terms of net primary production.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Which of the following effects are possible in ortho nitrophenol

Options:
A –I effect
B –R (mesomeric) effect
C Intramolecular H-bonding
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
Ortho nitrophenol has all these effects –I and –R are due to -NO2 group and intramolecular H-bonding is possible between H-atom of -OH group and oxygen atom of -NO2 group.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which of the following effects increases the basic strength of an amine?

Options:
A Electronegative substituents
B Bulky substituents
C Aromatic substituents
D Presence of oxygen atoms

The correct answer is:
Bulky substituents

Solution:
Bulky substituents can increase the basic strength of an amine by reducing steric hindrance, making it easier for the amine to accept a proton.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Which of the following electrolytes will be most effective in the coagulation of gold sol

Options:
A NaNO3
B K4[FeCN)6
C Na3PO4
D MgCl2

The correct answer is:
MgCl2

Solution:
Gold sol is negatively charged. It is coagulated by cation. The charge of cation is highest in MgCl2 .

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
Which of the following electronic configurations have spin multiplicity equal to zero?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Spin multiplicity =2Σs+1
=2+12-12-12+1=0

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Which of the following electropsitive metal is used for the isolation of boron from B2O3 ?

Options:
A Al
B Zn
C Mg
D Au

The correct answer is:
Mg

Solution:
B2O3+3Mg→2B+3MgO
Mg can be used to reduce B2O3 to Boron.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Which of the following element is required in minor quantities for the growth of plants but is extremely important for growth of animals?

Options:
A Nitrogen
B Oxygen
C Sodium
D Carbon

The correct answer is:
Sodium

Solution:
Certain elements required in very small quantities are called microelements or trace elements. Sodium (Na) is one such element that is required in very small quantities and is not as important for the growth of plants as it is for animals.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Which of the following element (M) react with HNO3 to form MO2 ?

Options:
A P4
B Mg
C Zn
D Sn

The correct answer is:
Sn

Solution:
Here Sn forms SnO2
Sn+4 HNO3(Hot and conc.)âSnO2+4NO2+2H2O
P4+20 HNO3(conc.)â4H3PO4+20 NO2+4H2O
Mg+HNO3âMg(NO3)2+H2
Zn+4HNO3âZn(NO3)2+2NO2+2H2O

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Which of the following elements are beneficial for plants?

Options:
A Iron, manganese, copper, molybdenum, zinc, boron, chlorine, and nickel
B Sodium, silicon, cobalt, and selenium
C Iron, manganese, and nickel
D Molybdenum, zinc, chlorine, and boron

The correct answer is:
Sodium, silicon, cobalt, and selenium

Solution:
In addition to 17 essential elements few are beneficial elements for plants, including sodium, silicon, cobalt, and selenium are beneficial elements that are required by higher plants

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Which of the following elements are commonly found in the anode mud during the electrolytic refining of copper?

Options:
A Silver and Gold
B Lead and Selenium
C Iron and Nickel
D Zinc and Cadmium

The correct answer is:
Silver and Gold

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Silver and Gold

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Which of the following elements - C, Si, and Ge - have the same lattice structure, yet behave differently with regards to electrical conductivity?

Options:
A C has a higher ionization energy compared to Si and Ge.
B Si and Ge have more free electrons for conduction compared to C.
C The 4 bonding electrons of C, Si, and Ge lie in different orbits.
D Ge has the least energy requirement for electron removal compared to Si and C.

The correct answer is:
C has a higher ionization energy compared to Si and Ge.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
C has a higher ionization energy compared to Si and Ge.

Topic: Chemistry, Semiconductors, NEET
Which of the following elements can exist in at least three oxidation states and undergo disproportionation reactions in an alkaline medium?

Options:
A Sodium
B Sulfur
C Nitrogen
D Carbon

The correct answer is:
Sulfur

Solution:
Sulfur can exist in multiple oxidation states and undergo disproportionation reactions in an alkaline medium, as demonstrated in the passage.

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
Which of the following elements doesnâ€™t make self mixed oxides?

Options:
A Mn
B Ni
C Co
D Fe

The correct answer is:
Ni

Solution:
Correct Option is : 2
Ni

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Which of the following elements has +4 has its highest oxidation state

Options:
A Al
B Si
C S
D Cl

The correct answer is:
Si

Solution:
Correct Option is : 2
Si

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
Which of the following elements has electronic configuration [Ne] 3s ?

Options:
A Na
B k
C Mg
D Ar

The correct answer is:
Na

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
Na

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Which of the following elements has electronic configuration [xe] 6s ?

Options:
A Indium
B barium
C cesium
D Lead

The correct answer is:
Lead

Solution:
Correct Option is : 4
Lead

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Which of the following elements has the highest energy of atomization?

Options:
A Zn
B V
C Mn
D Cr

The correct answer is:
V

Solution:
Correct Option is : 2
V

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Which of the following elements is a constituent of biotin?

Options:
A Magnesium
B Calcium
C Phosphorus
D Sulphur

The correct answer is:
Sulphur

Solution:
Sulphur is found in two vitamin B-complex, thiamine and biotin.
Related Theory
List of vitamins

Topic: Biology, Biomolecules (B), NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
Which of the following elements is not an alkali metal?

Options:
A Lithium (Li)
B Sodium (Na)
C Potassium (K)
D Magnesium (Mg)

The correct answer is:
Magnesium (Mg)

Solution:
Magnesium (Mg) is not an alkali metal; it is an alkaline earth metal.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Which of the following elements is present as the impurity to the maximum extent in the pig iron?

Options:
A Carbon
B Silicon
C Phosphorus
D Manganese

The correct answer is:
Carbon

Solution:
Pig iron contains about $4 \%$ carbon (major impurity) and other impurities (S, P, Si, $\mathrm{Mn}$ ) in trace amounts

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Which of the following elements is required for Pollen germination?

Options:
A Iron
B Magnesium
C Zinc
D Boron

The correct answer is:
Boron

Solution:
Boron is used for pollen germination.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Which of the following elements is required in the synthesis of plant growth hormones such as auxin?

Options:
A Mo
B Cu
C Zn
D Mg

The correct answer is:
Zn

Solution:
Plants obtain zinc as Zn2+ ions. It activates various enzymes, especially carboxylases. It is also needed in the synthesis of auxin.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Which of the following elements undergoes a disproportionation reaction with water to produce both a gaseous product and a liquid product?

Options:
A Phosphorus
B Sulfur
C Chlorine
D Hydrogen

The correct answer is:
Chlorine

Solution:
Chlorine undergoes a disproportionation reaction with water to produce a gaseous product (ClO-) and a liquid product (H2O).

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
Which of the following endocrine gland's hormones binds to their specific receptors present inside the target cells to form hormone-receptor complex?

Options:
A Pituitary hormones
B Adrenal medulla hormones
C Hypothalamic hormones
D Adrenal cortex hormones

The correct answer is:
Adrenal cortex hormones

Solution:
Pituitary hormones are hypothalamic hormones that are mostly proteinaceous or polypeptide in nature, therefore binds to their specific membrane-bound or extra-cellular receptors. Catecholamine from the adrenal medulla also does the same thing. About 20 steroids (steroidogenic) compounds are secreted from the adrenal cortex and these are called adrenocorticoids or corticosteroids. These hormones are steroidal in nature and these hormones bind to their specific receptors present inside the target cells.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following endocrine glands is responsible for the release of hormones which cause uterine contractions during childbirth?

Options:
A Pineal gland
B Mammary gland
C Corpus albicans
D Pituitary gland

The correct answer is:
Pituitary gland

Solution:
Oxytocin is a hormone secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
The hormone causes uterine contractions during labor and helps shrink the uterus after delivery. When an infant suckles at his or her mother's breast, the stimulation causes a release of oxytocin, which, in turn, orders the body to "let down" milk for the baby to drink.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Which of the following endocrine structure synthesizes and secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones to control another endocrine structure?

Options:
A Master of master gland
B Master gland
C Supra renal galnd
D Both (a) and (c)

The correct answer is:
Master of master gland

Solution:
The neuro-secretory cells of hypothalamus synthesize and secretes two types of chemicals, called releasing and inhibiting hormones to control adenohypophysis of pituitary gland of human. These factors or hormone reach from hypothalamus to adenohypophysis through hypophyseal portal system.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following enhances or induces fusion of protoplasts?

Options:
A Sodium chloride and potassium chloride
B Polyethylene glycol and sodium nitrate
C IAA and kinetin
D IAA and Gibberellins

The correct answer is:
Polyethylene glycol and sodium nitrate

Solution:
The high molecular weight polymer (1000-6000) of PEG acts as a molecular bridges connecting the protoplasts. Calcium ions linked the negatively charged PEG and membrane surface. When PEG elute, the surface potential are disturbed, leading to intramembrane contact and subsequent fusion due to the strong affinity of PEG for water which may cause local dehydration of the membrane and increase fluidity, thus inducing fusion.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Which of the following environmental conditions are essential for optimum growth of Mucor on a piece of bread?
(I) Temperature of about $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
(II) Temperature of about $5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
(III) Relative humidity of about $5 \%$
(IV) Relative humidity of about $95 \%$
(V) A shady place
(VI) A brightly illuminated place
Choose the answer from the following options.

Options:
A (II), (III) and (VI) only
B (I), (III) and (V) only
C (I), (IV) and (V) only
D (II), (IV) and (V) only

The correct answer is:
(I), (IV) and (V) only

Solution:
Mucor is a saprophytic fungus. It grows on decaying dung and on some food stuffs. It shows the best growth on a piece of bread at about $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ with relative humidity of about $95 \%$ in moist and shady places.
Related Theory
Mucor is a genus of mould. They are formed from thread-like hyphae that spread out from a visible mycelium. It causes mucormycosis. Most people develop this infection by breathing in mould spores. Less often, infection can develop when spores enter the body through a cut or open wound. It was much prevalent during second wave of COVID-19 (as black fungus) in 2021 in India.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2006
Which of the following enzyme affect the process of synthesis of new DNA chain?

Options:
A Restriction endonuclease
B Mutase
C Ribonuclease
D Polymerase I

The correct answer is:
Polymerase I

Solution:
There are five DNA polymerase enzymes that participate in the process of DNA replication -
DNA polymerase I, II, III, IV, and V
DNA polymerase I and III involved in Replication and have Proof Reading Activity.
5’→3’ Polymerizing activity
3’→5’ Exonuclease activity
DNA Polymerase II, IV and V involved in repair machinery and do not have a proofreading activity. DNA polymerase also is known as DNA Dependent DNA Polymerase.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which of the following enzyme is produced by yeast during fermentation?

Options:
A Decarboxylase
B Zymase
C Dehydrogenase
D Enolase

The correct answer is:
Zymase

Solution:
In yeast fermentation, the enzymatic reactions are as follows
(1) C 1 2 H 2 2 O 1 1 + H 2 O ⟶ in yeast Invertase C 6 H 1 2 O 6 + C 6 H 1 2 O 6 Glucose Fructose
(2) C 6 H 1 2 O 6 ⟶ Yeast Zymase 2 C 2 H 5 OH + 2 CO 2 + 2 1 Kcal energy

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Which of the following enzyme is used in case of fungus to cause release of DNA along with other macromolecules?

Options:
A Lysozyme
B Cellulase
C Chitinase
D Amylase

The correct answer is:
Chitinase

Solution:
DNA is used for genetic engineering processes. But this DNA should be in pure form Hence the first is used for genetic engineering processes. But this DNA should be in pure form and so it need to be first removed. The cell is broken first so that DNA alongwith RNA, Chromatin material from the nucleus is obtained. Breakdown of the cell require enzymes and these enzymes are very specific to organisms. Cellulase is used to brea cells of plants while chitinase is used break fungal cell walls and Lysozyme is used to break bacterial cell walls.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Which of the following enzymes carries out the initial step in the digestion of milk in humans?

Options:
A Rennin
B Lipase
C Trypsin
D Pepsin

The correct answer is:
Pepsin

Solution:
In human milk protein digesting enzyme in stomach is pepsin. In calves it is renin. It is also present in small amounts in human infants but not adults. Pepsin acts on water soluble 'caseinogen (milk protein) to form soluble 'casein'. This combines with calcium salts to form insoluble calcium paracaseinate, which gets readily digested enzymatically.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Which of the following enzymes catalyse the removal of nucleotides from the ends of DNA?

Options:
A endonuclease
B exonuclease
C DNA ligase
D Hind – II

The correct answer is:
exonuclease

Solution:
Exonucleases remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Which of the following enzymes is found in pancreatic juice?

Options:
A Nuclease
B Enterokinase
C Aminopeptidase
D Dipeptidase

The correct answer is:
Nuclease

Solution:
Secretion	Components

Pancreatic Juice	Inactive enzymes: trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, procarboxypeptidases, amylases, lipases and nucleases.

Bile juice	Bile pigments (bilirubin and biliverdin), bile salts, cholesterol and phospholipids (but no enzymes).

Intestinal juice (Succus entericus)	Enzymes: disaccharidases (e.g., maltase), dipeptidases, lipases, nucleosidases, etc. It also includes mucus secreted from the Goblet cells.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
Which of the following epithelium is most suitable for the quick exchange of materials through membranes via filtration or diffusion?

Options:
A Simple squamous epithelium
B Simple cuboidal epithelium
C Simple columnar epithelium
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
Simple squamous epithelium

Solution:
Simple squamous epithelia consist of a single layer of flattened cells in contact with the basal lamina. This type of epithelial lines the inner surface of all blood vessels (endothelium), forms the wall of alveolar sacs in the lung and lines the body cavities (mesothelium). This type of epithelium is often permeable and occurs where small molecules need to pass quickly through membranes via filtration or diffusion.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Which of the following epithelium lines the moist surface of the buccal cavity?

Options:
A Pseudostratified non-keratinized squamous epithelium
B Stratified non-keratinized squamous epithelium
C Cuboidal epithelium
D Stratified columnar epithelium

The correct answer is:
Stratified non-keratinized squamous epithelium

Solution:
The epithelium which lies on the moist surface of the buccal cavity is stratified non-keratinized squamous epithelium. The superficial layer of this tissue is made up of squamous cells, whereas the underlying layers are made up of cuboidal or columnar cells.
Pseudostratified non-keratinized squamous epithelium is found in the lining of the vas deferens and prostate gland.
Cuboidal epithelium forms the lining of of the thyroid gland, nephrons, renal tubules, etc.
Stratified columnar epithelium forms the lining of pharynx, conjunctiva, male urethra, etc.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Which of the following equations correctly represents a step in the Bayer's Process for extracting alumina from bauxite ores associated with silica?( in the above question )

Options:
A Al2O3+ 2NaOH + 3H2O → 2Na[Al(OH)4]
B SiO2+ 2NaOH → Na2[Si(OH)6]
C 2Na[Al(OH)4] - (heat) → Al2O3+ 2NaOH + 3H2O
D Na2[Si(OH)6] - (heat) → SiO2+ 2NaOH + 3H2O

The correct answer is:
2Na[Al(OH)4] - (heat) → Al2O3+ 2NaOH + 3H2O

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
2Na[Al(OH)4] - (heat) → Al2O3+ 2NaOH + 3H2O

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Which of the following equations is wrong?

Options:
A Ï w = Ï s + Ï p = 0
B DPD = OP + TP
C ψ w = ψ s + ψ p
D DPD = (OP1-OP2) - TP

The correct answer is:
DPD = OP + TP

Solution:
The term diffusion pressure deficit, is reduction in the diffusion pressure of water in solution or cell over its pure state due to presence of solutes in it and forces opposing diffusion. DPD can be described as actual thirst of cell for water and can be expressed as DPD=OP-TP

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
Which of the following equations was suggested by de Broglie?

Options:
A 2πr=nλ
B λ=πh
C πr2=nλ
D 2πr=nhλ

The correct answer is:
2πr=nλ

Solution:
mvr=nh2π
2πr=nhmv
2πr=nλ

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Which of the following esters cannot undergo Claisen self-condensation

Options:
A CH3CH2CH2CH2COOC2H5
B C6H5COOC2H5
C C6H11CH2COOC2H5
D C6H5CH2COOC2H5

The correct answer is:
C6H5COOC2H5

Solution:
C6H5COOC2H5 esters cannot undergo Claisen self-condensation as there is no α- hydrogen.

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET
Which of the following event occurs during the depolarization phase of an action potential in the neuronal membrane?

Options:
A K+ ions rapidly move outside the cell
B Na+ ions rapidly move inside the cell
C Na+ ions rapidly move outside the cell
D K+ ions rapidly move inside the cell

The correct answer is:
Na+ ions rapidly move inside the cell

Solution:
During depolarization, the voltage-gated Na+ channel opens due to the arrival of signal or action potential. This leads to the rapid movement of Na+ ions from an outside extracellular fluid (ECF) to inside axoplasm as the concentration of Na+ ions is more on outside or ECF. This leads to developing a net positive charge inside and net positive charge outside the axonal membrane.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Which of the following events are NOT associated with the phase/cycle of malarial parasite in man?

Options:
A Entry of parasite into hepatocytes
B Formation of motile zygote
C Formation of gametocytes
D Erythrocytic schizogony

The correct answer is:
Formation of motile zygote

Solution:
Plasmodium causes malaria. It requires two hosts: man and mosquito to complete its cycle. Sporozoites are infectious agents of malarial parasites. When a female mosquito bites the human, these enter the bloodstream. Inside the body these have an erythrocytic and exoerythrocytic cycle. When in the human body, the infectious agent undergoes many developmental stages (asexual reproduction). It also produces a toxin known as hemozoin inside the body and this is responsible for various symptoms like fever, chills, etc. When healthy mosquito bites such an infected human, these agents enter the mosquito's body and start its sexual reproduction which transforms into various forms and reside in the salivary gland. This healthy mosquito is now an infected one and if this again bites any human, the same cycle continues. Thus the pathogen cannot form a zygote in man because the sexual reproduction is completed in the mosquito's body.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Which of the following events do not occur in rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Options:
A Cleavage of signal peptide
B Protein glycosylation
C Protein folding
D Phospholipid synthesis

The correct answer is:
Phospholipid synthesis

Solution:
Phospholipid synthesis does not occur in RER. It occurs inside the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). A signal peptide is a short peptide present at the N-terminus of the newly synthesised proteins, that targets them to the ER and is then cleaved off. RER synthesises proteins, modification of proteins occurs in the Golgi apparatus by glycosylation.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET, NEET 2018