datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
One of the common symptoms observed in people infected with Dengue fever is

Options:
A Significant decrease in RBC count
B Significant decrease in WBC count
C Significant decrease in platelets count
D Significant increase in platelets count

The correct answer is:
Significant decrease in platelets count

Solution:
Significant decrease in platelets count occurs in Dengue fever.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
One of the commonly used plant growth hormone in pineapple to promote flowering is

Options:
A ethylene
B abscisic acid
C zeatin
D indole-3-acetic acid

The correct answer is:
indole-3-acetic acid

Solution:
Indole-3-acetic acid (auxin) is a phytohormone which is generally produced by the growing apices of the stems and roots, from where they migrate to the regions of their action. It is observed that the growing apical bud inhibits the growth of the lateral (axillary) bud. Since apical meristem is the site of auxin synthesis, it is the physiological effect of the auxin which results in the phenomenon of apical dominance. Auxins promote flowering e.g. in pineapples. They help to prevent fruit and leaf drop at early stages but promote the abscission of older mature leaves and fruits.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
One of the earliest experiments on photosynthesis was done in 1770 by Joseph Priestley. He demonstrated that

Options:
A sunlight is the energy source
B water is required
C plants and animals "restore" the air for each other
D chlorophyll captures light energy

The correct answer is:
plants and animals "restore" the air for each other

Solution:
Joseph Priestley performed an experiment in photosynthesis in 1770 in which they used a green plant i.e., mint along with that he also used the candle and a mouse. He took a bell jar in which he placed a burning candle where he found out that candles blew out. In the second performance, he took a bell jar and close the jar where he finds out that the mouse will die due to the absence of oxygen. In the last step, he places a mint plant with candle and mouse he finds out that all were alive. He came to the conclusion that plants release oxygen and this oxygen will be used by candle for burning and the mouse will use in respiration and in return carbon dioxide will be released by mouse and that will be used by plants for photosynthesis. Joseph Priestley told that plants and animals restore the air for each other.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
One of the effects of Gibberellins is to induce the synthesis of amylase enzyme which causes the break down of starch and provides nourishment to the embryo in the seed. This phenomenon leads to the germination of seed. The hormone antagonist to this phenomenon is

Options:
A Auxins
B Kinetin
C ABA
D Ethylene

The correct answer is:
ABA

Solution:
ABA acts as a general plant growth inhibitor and an inhibitor of plant metabolism. ABA inhibits seed germination. ABA stimulates the closure of stomata and increases the tolerance of plants to various kinds of stresses. Therefore, it is also called the stress hormone. ABA plays an important role in seed development, maturation and dormancy. By inducing dormancy, ABA helps seeds to withstand desiccation and other factors unfavourable for growth.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
One of the examples of the action of the autonomous nervous system is:

Options:
A swallowing of food
B pupillary reflex
C peristalsis of the intestines
D knee-jerk response.

The correct answer is:
peristalsis of the intestines

Solution:
The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary physiologic processes including heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, digestion, and sexual arousal. It contains three anatomically distinct divisions: sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric. A reflex action, also known as a reflex, is an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus. A reflex does not require any thought input. Peristalsis of intestine is related with autonomous nervous system whereas knee-jerk response, pupillary reflex and swallowing of food are reflex action.
Related Theory
The path taken by the nerve impulses in a reflex is called a reflex arc. In higher animals, most sensory neurons do not pass directly into the brain, but synapse in the spinal cord. This characteristic allows reflex actions to occur relatively quickly by activating spinal motor neurons without the delay of routing signals through the brain, although the brain will receive sensory input while the reflex action occurs.
A Caution
Autonomic nervous system is regulated by CNS while reflex action is controlled by spinal nerves

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET, NEET 2005
One of the examples of the action of the autonomous nervous system is

Options:
A Swallowing of food
B Pupillary reflex
C Peristalsis of the intestine
D Knee-jerk response

The correct answer is:
Peristalsis of the intestine

Solution:
The autonomic nervous system regulates and coordinates involuntary activities like a heartbeat, homeostasis, body temperature, breathing, gut peristalsis and secretion of glands. The human intestine shows movements during food digestion called peristalsis.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
One of the following is a very unique feature of the mammalian body:

Options:
A homeothermy
B presence of diaphragm
C four chambered heart
D rib cage.

The correct answer is:
presence of diaphragm

Solution:
Diaphragm is found in mammals only. Homeothermy is found in Amphibians, mammals and birds. Birds and mammals and crocodile have four-chambered hearts. Rib cage is found in most tetrapod.
Related Theory
Diaphragm, dome-shaped, muscular and membranous structure that separates the thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities in mammals; it is the principal muscle of respiration. The lungs serve as the gas-exchanging organ for the process of respiration.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2004
One of the following is not a method of contraception. Which one?

Options:
A Condoms
B Pills of a combination of oxytocin and vasopressin
C Lippes loop
D Tubectomy

The correct answer is:
Pills of a combination of oxytocin and vasopressin

Solution:
Oxytocin is a birth hormone, while vasopressin $(\mathrm{ADH})$ reabsorb water from renal tubules to conserve water in the body. Condom is the physical method of contraception, Lippes loop is intrauterine contraceptive device made of inert plastic and tubectomy is a sterilisation method of contraception in females.
Related Theory
$\rightarrow$ Saheli is an oral pill used as a contraceptive by females. Oral pills inhibits ovulation and implantation, as well as, after the quality of cervical mucus to prevent and retard entry of sperms. Progestogens or progestinoestrogen combination plays an important role in contraception.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
One of the following metals forms a volatile compound and this property is taken advantages for its extraction. This metal is

Options:
A Iron
B Nickel
C Cobalt
D Tungsten

The correct answer is:
Nickel

Solution:
Nickel forms a volatile compound with carbon monoxide.
Ni Impure +4CO â Î [Ni(CO) 4 ] â Î/High temperature Ni Pure +4CO

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
One of the free-living, anaerobic nitrogen-fixer is:

Options:
A Beijernickia
B Rhodospirillum
C Rhizobium
D Azotobacter

The correct answer is:
Rhodospirillum

Solution:
Rhodospirillum is a free-living, anaerobic nitrogen fixer bacteria. It can synthesize its food in presence of light under anaerobic condition. Beijernickia and Azotobacter are free living aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria. Rhizobium is a symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
One of the important consequences of geographical isolation is:

Options:
A preventing speciation
B speciation through reproductive isolation
C random creation of new species
D no change in the isolated fauna.

The correct answer is:
speciation through reproductive isolation

Solution:
Speciation is the evolutionary process for the formation of new species. The species diversity occurs when gene flow within the common pool is interrupted by an isolating mechanism.
Related Theory
The isolation can occur through geographical separation of population known as allopatric speciation. When a few individuals of a species within the same geographical area suddenly become reproductively isolated and form new species, it is known as sympatric speciation.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2007
One of the important consequences of geographical isolation is

Options:
A Preventing speciation
B Speciation through reproductive isolation
C Random creation of new species
D No change in the isolated fauna

The correct answer is:
Speciation through reproductive isolation

Solution:
According to Mayr (1942), reproductive isolating mechanisms are the biological properties of individuals that prevent the interbreeding of naturally sympatric populations. Speciation occurs by forming two or more separate species by splitting the lineage event and this process takes place as a result of geographical isolation that is caused due to natural disasters and natural changes and reduction in gene flow.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
One of the legal methods of birth control is

Options:
A abortion by taking an appropriate medicine
B by abstaining from coitus from day 10-17 of the menstrual cycle
C by having coitus at the time of day break
D by a premature ejaculation during coitus

The correct answer is:
by abstaining from coitus from day 10-17 of the menstrual cycle

Solution:
One of the legal method of birth contorl is periodic in which couple abstain from coitus from day 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle. Abortion by taking medicine is not a legal method. A day break coitus may increase the changes of contraception.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
One of the major components of the cell wall of most fungi is:

Options:
A Chitin
B Peptidoglycan
C Cellulose
D Hemicellulose

The correct answer is:
Chitin

Solution:
Peptidoglycan - Bacterial cell wall
Cellulose and Hemicellulose - Plant cell wall
Chitin - Fungal cell wall

The chitin adds rigidity and necessary support to the thin cells of fungus and makes the mushrooms fresh.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
One of the most frequently used techniques in DNA fingerprinting is:

Options:
A VNTR
B SSCP
C SCAR
D AFLP.

The correct answer is:
VNTR

Solution:
A variable number tandem repeat (or VNTR) is an important source for many genetic markers like RFLP, as VNTR form bands that is unique in every individual. It is used in the DNA fingerprinting process that is useful in identifying criminals and even used to identify genetic relation between two individuals.
Related Theory
However, in recent studies, instead of VNTR, STR (Short Tandem Repeats) are used. They show high degree of polymorphism and relatively short length, comparative to VNTR.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
One of the most important differences in the environmental condition of primitive earth and present-day earth is:

Options:
A There was no water present in primitive earth
B The primitive earth's atmosphere was of reducing type
C There was no atmosphere in the primitive earth
D Hydrogen was present in free state in primitive earth

The correct answer is:
The primitive earth's atmosphere was of reducing type

Solution:
Primitive earth atmosphere has actively reducing gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide that made the atmosphere reducing types. Also, it had no free oxygen. The reduced chemicals energy proved positive environment for the development photosynthetic cyanobacteria. These were able to make use of sunlight as source of energy and evolve the metabolic pathways of photosynthesis. This led to gradual increase in oxygen in the atmosphere and change the earth atmosphere to the current oxidizing type from reducing type.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
One of the most important functions of botanical garden is

Options:
A One can observe tropical plants there
B They allow Ex-situ conservation of germplasm
C They provide the natural habitat for wildlife
D They provide a beautiful area for recreation

The correct answer is:
They allow Ex-situ conservation of germplasm

Solution:
The botanical garden allows Ex-situ conservation of germplasm.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
One of the most important functions of botanical gardens is that:

Options:
A they provide a beautiful area for recreation
B one can observe tropical plants there
C they allow ex-situ conservation of germ plasm
D they provide the natural habitat for wild life.

The correct answer is:
they allow ex-situ conservation of germ plasm

Solution:
A Botanical Garden help in the preservation of species that face the threat of extinction. Some Botanical Gardens also have cryopreservation facilities wherein the seeds of certain species are stored for future use.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET, NEET 2005
One of the most resistant biological materials known is

Options:
A hemicellulose
B lignin
C sporopollenin
D lignocelluloses

The correct answer is:
sporopollenin

Solution:
Sporopollenin is the hardest and most resistant biological material produced by oxidative polymeristion of carotenoids. It forms exine of pollen grain.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
One of the parents of a cross has a mutation in its mitochondria. In that cross, that parent is taken as male. During segregation of $\mathrm{F}_2$ progenies that mutation is found in:

Options:
A one-third of the progenies
B none of the progenies
C all the progenies
D fifty percent of the progenies.

The correct answer is:
none of the progenies

Solution:
Cytoplasmic inheritance or extranuclear inheritance is the transmission of genes that occur outside the nucleus such as mitochondria and chloroplasts or from cellular parasites like viruses or bacteria. In mammals, cytoplasmic genes are only contributed by female gamete, e.g., Male gamete only contribute its nuclear genes. Thus, none progenies would not inherit any mutated genes in mitochondria by father.
Related Theory
The phenotypes that are controlled by nuclear factors found in the cytoplasm of the female are said to express a maternal effect. Those phenotypes controlled by organelle genes exhibit maternal inheritance. The classic phenotype which exhibits maternal effects is coiling direction of snail shells.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2004
One of the parents of a cross has a mutation in its mitochondrial gene. In a cross, this was taken as male parent. During the formation of F2 progenies, this mutation is found in

Options:
A All of the progenies
B All male progenies
C 50% of the progenies
D None of the progenies

The correct answer is:
None of the progenies

Solution:
The cytoplasmic gene (genes of chloroplast and mitochondria) are contributed only by the female parent only and male parent contribute only the nuclear gene.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
One of the reactions that takes place in producing steel from iron ore is the reductior of iron(II) oxide by carbon monoxide to give iron metal and \(\mathrm{CO} 2\).
\(\mathrm{FeO}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{CO}(g) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{CO} 2(g) ; K_p=0.265 \mathrm{~atm}\)
What are the equilibrium partial pressures of \(\mathrm{CO}\) and \(\mathrm{CO} 2\) at \(1050 \mathrm{~K}\) if the initial partial pressures are: \(p C O=1.4 \mathrm{~atm}\) and \(p C O 2=0.80 \mathrm{~atm}\) ?

Options:
A \(p C O=0.56 \mathrm{~atm}, p C O 2=1.60 \mathrm{~atm}\)
B \(p C O=1.60 \mathrm{~atm}, p C O 2=0.56 \mathrm{~atm}\)
C \(p C O=0.40 \mathrm{~atm}, p C O 2=1.80 \mathrm{~atm}\)
D \(p C O=1.80 \mathrm{~atm}, p C O 2=0.40 \mathrm{~atm}\)

The correct answer is:
\(p C O=1.60 \mathrm{~atm}, p C O 2=0.56 \mathrm{~atm}\)

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
\(p C O=1.60 \mathrm{~atm}, p C O 2=0.56 \mathrm{~atm}\)

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
One of the representative of Phylum-Arthropoda is

Options:
A cuttlefish
B silverfish
C pufferfish
D flying fish

The correct answer is:
silverfish

Solution:
Silverfish - Arthropoda
Cuttlefish - Mollusca
Putterfish - Chordata (phylum),
class - Pisces
Flying fish _ Pisces.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
One of the representatives of Phylum Arthropoda is:

Options:
A Dog fish
B Flying fish
C Cuttlefish
D Silverfish

The correct answer is:
Silverfish

Solution:
Silverfish is a representative of the Phylum Arthropoda. It is a small, wingless insect.
Dog fish and Flying fish belong to Phylum Chordata.
Cuttlefish belongs to Phylum Mollusca.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
One of the synthetic auxin is

Options:
A NAA
B IAA
C GA
D IBA

The correct answer is:
NAA

Solution:
The term auxin is applied to the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and to other natural and synthetic compounds having certain growth regulating properties.
NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) and 2,4-D (2,4- dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) are synthetic auxins.
IAA and IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) have been isolated from plants. All these auxins have been used extensively in agricultural and horticultural practices.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
One set of a plant was grown at 12 hours a day and 12 hours night period and it flowered, while in the other set night phase was interrupted by a flash of light and it did not produce a flower. Under which one of the following category will u place this plant?

Options:
A Long day plant
B Day neutral plant
C Short day plant
D Both (A) and (B)

The correct answer is:
Short day plant

Solution:
The plant which flowers in the equal duration of day and night photoperiod are called a day-neutral plant. The plant which requires a short light period and longer continuous dark period for flowering are called short-day plant. They require a continuous uninterrupted dark period for flowering and fail to flower if the dark period is interrupted by a brief flash of light.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
One set of plants was grown at 12 hours day and 12 hours night period cycles, and it flowered. While in the other set, the night phase was interrupted by the flash of light and did not produce flowers. Under which one of the following categories will you place this plant?

Options:
A Long-day
B Darkness neutral
C Day neutral
D Short-day

The correct answer is:
Short-day

Solution:
Short-day plants require long uninterrupted dark period for flowering. They will not produce flower if night was interrupted by flash of light. In these plants, flowering takes place after exposure to a photoperiod shorter than their critical photoperiod.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
One set of the plant was grown at 12 hours day and 12 hours night period cycles and it flowered while in the other set night phase was interrupted by flash of light and it did not produce flower. Under which one of the following categories will you place this plant?

Options:
A long day
B darkness neutral
C day neutral
D short day.

The correct answer is:
short day.

Solution:
Short day plants (SDP) require a relatively short-day light period (usually $8-10$ hours) and a continuous dark period of about 14-16 hours for subsequent flowering. If these plants are exposed to day lengths in excess of this critical point, they continue growing vegetatively and do not show flowering. Most of the winter flowering plants belong to this category. For example, Rice, coffee, soybean, tobacco, sugarcane, strawberry and chrysanthemum.
Related Theory
In long that plants, it was found that they can flower even under short day conditions, if a flash of light is provided to the plant during the long dark period. Thus, periods of darkness have inhibitory effect on flowering in these plants.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET, NEET 2004
One stone is dropped from a tower from rest and simultaneously another stone is projected vertically upwards from the tower with some initial velocity. The graph of the distance(s) between the two stones varies with time t as (before either stone hits the ground)

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
s⁡1t=12gt2downwards and s⁡2t=u⁡t-12gt2upwards
∴ Distance between the two stones will be
s=s1(t)+s2(t)=ut
Therefore, s-t graph will be a straight line passing through origin.

Topic: Physics, Motion In One Dimension, NEET
One stone is dropped from a tower from rest and simultaneously another stone is projected vertically upwards from the tower with some initial velocity. The graph of the distance(s) between the two stones varies with time (t) as (before either stone hits the ground)

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
s⁡1t=12gt2downwards and s⁡2t=u⁡t-12gt2upwards
∴ Distance between the two stones will be
s=s1(t)+s2(t)=ut
Therefore, s-t graph will be a straight line passing through origin.

Topic: Physics, Motion In Two Dimensions, NEET
One strand of the given segment of DNA codes for mRNA having the sequence AUC, GCG, UCA needed for the synthesis of proteins. The strand by which DNA molecule will be responsible for the above mRNA sequence is

Options:
A

B

C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
The strand of DNA molecule will be TAG CGC AGT which is responsible for the synthesis of AUC, GCG, UCA sequence in mRNA. In mRNA, the nucleic acid uridine replaces thymine and hence A â U, G â C.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
One such efficient mechanism is carried out by juxta glomerular apparatus (JGA).
What can activate the JG cells to release renin?

Options:
A increase in GFR
B normal GFR
C fall in GFR
D none of the above

The correct answer is:
fall in GFR

Solution:
A fall in GFR can activate the JG cells

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
One turn of the helix in a B-form DNA is approximately:

Options:
A $2 \mathrm{~nm}$
B $20 \mathrm{~nm}$
C $0.34 \mathrm{~nm}$
D $3.4 \mathrm{~nm}$

The correct answer is:
$3.4 \mathrm{~nm}$

Solution:
B-DNA is a helical structure with a diameter of $20 Å$ and the distance between the two base pairs is $3.4 Å$. There are 10 base pairs in each turn; hence, one turn of the helix (pitch of each helix) is approximately $34 Å$ or $3.4 \mathrm{~nm}(10=1.0 \mathrm{~nm})$.
Related Theory
There are three different DNA types:
(i) A-DNA: It is a right-handed double helix similar to the B-DNA form. Dehydrated DNA takes an A form that protects the DNA during extreme condition such as desiccation.
(ii) B-DNA: The most common DNA conformation which is a right-handed helix, normal physiological conditions.
(iii) Z-DNA: Z-DNA is a left-handed DNA where the double helix winds to the left in a zig-zag pattern and play some role in gene regulation.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2006
One very special feature in the earthworm Pheretima is that

Options:
A the typhlosole greatly increases the effective absorption area of the digested food in the intestine
B the S-shaped setae embedded in the integument are the defensive weapons used against the enemies
C it has a long dorsal tubular heart
D fertilization of eggs occurs inside the body

The correct answer is:
the typhlosole greatly increases the effective absorption area of the digested food in the intestine

Solution:
A pair of short and conical intestinal caecae project from the intestine on the 26 th segment. The characteristic feature of the intestine between 26-35 segments is the presence of internal median fold of dorsal wall called typhlosole. This increases the effective area of absorption in the intestine.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)