datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
What is the defining characteristic of a non-ideal solution, and how are positive and negative deviations from Raoult's law determined?

Options:
A Non-ideal solutions have high heat absorption, and deviations are determined based on solubility.
B Non-ideal solutions exhibit deviations from Raoult's law, with positive deviations having higher vapor pressure and negative deviations having lower vapor pressure.
C Non-ideal solutions are characterized by zero enthalpy of mixing, and deviations depend on temperature.
D Non-ideal solutions are always ideal for a specific range of concentrations.

The correct answer is:
Non-ideal solutions exhibit deviations from Raoult's law, with positive deviations having higher vapor pressure and negative deviations having lower vapor pressure.

Solution:
Non-ideal solutions exhibit deviations from Raoult's law, and positive deviations are characterized by higher vapor pressure than predicted, while negative deviations have lower vapor pressure.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
What is the defining characteristic of a reversible process?

Options:
A It proceeds quickly
B It cannot be reversed
C It involves a large change in temperature
D It can be reversed by an infinitesimal change at any moment

The correct answer is:
It can be reversed by an infinitesimal change at any moment

Solution:
The defining characteristic of a reversible process is that it can be reversed by making an infinitesimal change at any moment during the process.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
What is the defining characteristic of an acid in the Lewis concept?

Options:
A It donates an electron pair.
B It accepts an electron pair.
C It provides a proton.
D It provides a hydroxide ion.

The correct answer is:
It accepts an electron pair.

Solution:
In the Lewis concept, an acid is defined as a species that accepts an electron pair.

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
What is the defining feature of a homologous series in organic compounds?

Options:
A The presence of multiple functional groups
B The presence of identical functional groups
C The presence of aromatic rings
D The absence of functional groups

The correct answer is:
The presence of identical functional groups

Solution:
A homologous series is characterized by each member containing a characteristic functional group, and these functional groups are identical.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
What is the defining feature of alicyclic compounds?

Options:
A They contain carbon atoms joined in a ring
B They consist of straight chain compounds
C They have atoms other than carbon in the ring
D They include benzene and related ring compounds

The correct answer is:
They contain carbon atoms joined in a ring

Solution:
Alicyclic compounds contain carbon atoms joined in the form of a ring.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
What is the definition of a catalyst?

Options:
A A substance that undergoes permanent chemical change during a reaction
B A substance that decreases the rate of a reaction
C A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without undergoing permanent chemical change
D A substance that consumes all reactants in a reaction

The correct answer is:
A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without undergoing permanent chemical change

Solution:
A catalyst as a substance that increases the rate of a reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
What is the definition of a functional group in organic chemistry?

Options:
A A group of atoms with no chemical reactivity
B A unique manner of bonding between atoms
C A group of atoms that determines the color of a molecule
D A group of atoms that determines the molecular weight of a compound

The correct answer is:
A unique manner of bonding between atoms

Solution:
A functional group as "an atom or a group of atoms bonded together in a unique manner which is usually the site of chemical reactivity in an organic molecule."

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
What is the definition of a polymer as mentioned in the text?

Options:
A A small molecule with low molecular mass
B A substance found in outer space
C A large molecule with a high molecular mass formed by repeating structural units
D A mineral commonly found in caves

The correct answer is:
A large molecule with a high molecular mass formed by repeating structural units

Solution:
In the text, a polymer is defined as a large molecule with a high molecular mass formed by repeating structural units.

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET
What is the definition of a population in the context of ecology?

Options:
A A group of individuals resulting from sexual reproduction
B A group of individuals resulting from asexual reproduction
C A group of individuals living in isolation
D An individual organism

The correct answer is:
A group of individuals resulting from sexual reproduction

Solution:
The definition of a population in the context of ecology is a group of individuals of the same species that live in a well:defined geographical area, share or compete for similar resources, potentially interbreed and thus constitute a population. Although the term interbreeding implies sexual reproduction, a group of individuals resulting from even asexual reproduction is also considered a population for the purpose of ecological studies.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
What is the definition of a simple leaf?

Options:
A A leaf with a divided lamina
B A leaf with an undivided lamina
C A leaf with multiple midribs
D A leaf without a bud in the axil

The correct answer is:
A leaf with an undivided lamina

Solution:
A simple leaf is defined as a leaf with an undivided lamina, or if incised, the incisions do not touch the midrib.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
What is the definition of activity in the context of hydrogen ion concentration?

Options:
A Activity is the same as molarity.
B Activity has no units and is equal to the concentration of hydrogen ions.
C Activity is the concentration of all ions in the solution.
D Activity is the concentration of hydroxyl ions.

The correct answer is:
Activity has no units and is equal to the concentration of hydrogen ions.

Solution:
In the context of hydrogen ion concentration, activity has no units and is equal to the concentration of hydrogen ions.

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
What is the definition of adolescence period?

Options:
A A time from birth to 18 years of age
B A time of decreased biological and behavioral changes
C A time of increased vulnerability in mental and psychological development
D A time from 0-12 years of age

The correct answer is:
A time from birth to 18 years of age

Solution:
The period between 12-18 years of age may be thought of as the adolescence

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
What is the definition of adolescence?

Options:
A A period of time from birth to 18 years of age
B A bridge linking childhood and adulthood
C A vulnerable phase of mental and psychological development
D A time of decreased curiosity and experimentation

The correct answer is:
A bridge linking childhood and adulthood

Solution:
Adolescence is a bridge linking childhood and adulthood and is accompanied by several biological and behavioral changes.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
What is the definition of aestivation?

Options:
A The study of plants and flowers
B The study of birds and their habitats
C The arrangement of sepals or petals in a floral bud with respect to the other members of the same whorl
D The study of insect behaviour

The correct answer is:
The arrangement of sepals or petals in a floral bud with respect to the other members of the same whorl

Solution:
Aestivation refers to the way in which the sepals or petals in a floral bud are arranged with respect to one another in a whorl.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
What is the definition of an allele?

Options:
A A type of protein
B A type of cell
C A variant of a gene
D A type of DNA sequence

The correct answer is:
A variant of a gene

Solution:
An allele is a variant of a gene.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
What is the definition of average bond enthalpy, and what explains the difference in bond enthalpy between the O—H bond in ethanol (C2H5OH) and water?

Options:
A Average bond enthalpy is the energy required to break a specific type of bond in a molecule, while the difference in O—H bond enthalpy is due to the presence of different chemical environments in ethanol and water.
B Average bond enthalpy is the energy released when a specific type of bond is formed in a molecule, while the difference in O—H bond enthalpy is solely because ethanol is a larger molecule than water.
C Average bond enthalpy is the energy required to break any type of bond in a molecule, while the difference in O—H bond enthalpy is due to the temperature at which the measurements are taken.
D Average bond enthalpy is the energy released when any type of bond is formed in a molecule, while the difference in O—H bond enthalpy is unrelated to their chemical structures.

The correct answer is:
Average bond enthalpy is the energy required to break a specific type of bond in a molecule, while the difference in O—H bond enthalpy is due to the presence of different chemical environments in ethanol and water.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Average bond enthalpy is the energy required to break a specific type of bond in a molecule, while the difference in O—H bond enthalpy is due to the presence of different chemical environments in ethanol and water.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
What is the definition of biodiversity popularised by the sociobiologist Edward Wilson?

Options:
A Diversity of different ecosystems
B Diversity of genetic material within a species
C Diversity of species within an ecosystem
D Combined diversity at all levels of biological organization

The correct answer is:
Combined diversity at all levels of biological organization

Solution:
Biodiversity is the term popularised by the sociobiologist Edward Wilson to describe the combined diversity at all levels of biological organization, including genetic, species, and ecological diversity.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
What is the definition of biotechnology according to the European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB)?

Options:
A The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services
B The use of genetically modified organisms to produce biotechnological products on a larger scale
C The preservation of genetic information through asexual reproduction
D The use of traditional hybridization procedures in plant and animal breeding

The correct answer is:
The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services

Solution:
Refer to NCERT

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
What is the definition of biotechnology given by the European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB)?

Options:
A The study of physical processes
B The integration of natural science and organisms
C The study of live organisms
D The study of genetics

The correct answer is:
The integration of natural science and organisms

Solution:
EFB defines biotechnology as "The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for products and services".

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
What is the definition of bond enthalpy?

Options:
A The amount of energy required to form one mole of bonds between two atoms in a gaseous state.
B The amount of energy required to break one mole of bonds between two atoms in a gaseous state.
C The amount of energy required to change the state of one mole of bonds between two atoms.
D The amount of energy required to bond two moles of atoms.

The correct answer is:
The amount of energy required to break one mole of bonds between two atoms in a gaseous state.

Solution:
The bond enthalpy is the amount of energy required to break one mole of bonds between two atoms in a gaseous state.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
What is the definition of cardiac output?

Options:
A The volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle per minute
B The number of beats per minute
C The duration of a cardiac cycle
D The amount of blood pumped out during a cardiac cycle

The correct answer is:
The volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle per minute

Solution:
Cardiac output can be defined as the volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle per minute.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
What is the definition of commensalism?

Options:
A One species benefits and the other is harmed
B Both species benefit from each other
C One species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited
D Both species are harmed from each other

The correct answer is:
One species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited

Solution:
Commensalism refers to the interaction between two species in which one species benefits, while the other is neither harmed nor benefited.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
What is the definition of competition in nature?

Options:
A The extinction of one species due to the introduction of another species
B The process by which the fitness of one species is significantly lower in the presence of another species
C Struggle for existence
D Competition among closely related species for limiting resources

The correct answer is:
The process by which the fitness of one species is significantly lower in the presence of another species

Solution:
Competition is best defined as a process in which the fitness of one species is significantly lower in the presence of another species.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
What is the definition of competition?

Options:
A A process in which the fitness of one species is reduced
B A process in which the fitness of one species is increased
C A process in which the fitness of one species is significantly lower in the presence of another species
D A process in which the fitness of one species is not affected by another species

The correct answer is:
A process in which the fitness of one species is significantly lower in the presence of another species

Solution:
Competition is best defined as a process in which the fitness of one species (measured in terms of its ‘r’ the intrinsic rate of increase) is significantly lower in the presence of another species.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
What is the definition of electronic waste (e-waste)?

Options:
A Hazardous waste from hospitals
B Biodegradable waste from homes
C Irreparable computers and other electronic goods
D Plastic waste from industries

The correct answer is:
Irreparable computers and other electronic goods

Solution:
E-waste refers to irreparable computers and other electronic goods.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
What is the definition of Emigration in population dynamics?

Options:
A The number of births during a given period in the population
B The number of individuals that have come into the habitat from elsewhere
C The number of individuals of the population who left the habitat
D The number of deaths in the population during a given period

The correct answer is:
The number of individuals of the population who left the habitat

Solution:
Emigration is the number of individuals of the population who left the habitat and gone elsewhere during the time period under consideration.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
What is the definition of environmental chemistry?

Options:
A The study of chemical reactions in controlled laboratory environments.
B The branch of chemistry that deals with the study of chemical processes in the environment and their effects on the natural world.
C The study of chemical properties of substances found in the human body.
D The study of chemical reactions in outer space.

The correct answer is:
The branch of chemistry that deals with the study of chemical processes in the environment and their effects on the natural world.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
The branch of chemistry that deals with the study of chemical processes in the environment and their effects on the natural world.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
What is the definition of exons in genetics?

Options:
A Intervening sequences that do not appear in mature RNA
B Regulatory sequences that loosely define a gene
C Expressed sequences that appear in mature or processed RNA
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Expressed sequences that appear in mature or processed RNA

Solution:
Exons are defined as the coding sequences or expressed sequences that appear in mature or processed RNA in eukaryotes.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
What is the definition of fitness according to Darwin?

Options:
A The ability to survive in an environment
B The ability to reproduce
C The ability to survive and reproduce
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
The ability to reproduce

Solution:
According to Darwin, fitness refers ultimately and only to reproductive fitness.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
What is the definition of gross primary productivity (GPP) in an ecosystem?

Options:
A The rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis
B The rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers
C The rate of biomass production
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
The rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis

Solution:
Gross primary productivity of an ecosystem is the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
What is the definition of growth in a living being?

Options:
A A permanent decrease in size
B An irreversible permanent increase in size
C A temporary increase in size
D A temporary decrease in size

The correct answer is:
An irreversible permanent increase in size

Solution:
Growth can be defined as an irreversible permanent increase in size of an organ or its parts or even of an individual cell.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
What is the definition of health?

Options:
A Absence of disease
B Physical fitness
C State of complete physical, mental and social well-being
D Mental stability

The correct answer is:
State of complete physical, mental and social well-being

Solution:
Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not just absence of disease or physical fitness.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
What is the definition of hormone according to current science?

Options:
A A chemical produced by endocrine glands and released into the blood
B Non-nutrient chemicals which act as intercellular messengers
C Chemicals produced in large amounts
D Hormones secreted by the organised endocrine glands

The correct answer is:
Non-nutrient chemicals which act as intercellular messengers

Solution:
The current definition of hormones is non-nutrient chemicals which act as intracellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
What is the definition of hormones according to current scientific definition?

Options:
A Chemicals produced by endocrine glands and released into the blood
B Non-nutrient chemicals which act as intercellular messengers
C Trace amounts of chemicals produced by endocrine glands
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
Non-nutrient chemicals which act as intercellular messengers

Solution:
The classical definition of hormone as a chemical produced by endocrine glands and released into the blood has current scientific definition as non-nutrient chemicals which act as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
What is the definition of inbreeding?

Options:
A The mating of unrelated individuals within the same breed
B The mating of distant relatives within the same breed
C The mating of closely related individuals within the same breed
D The mating of unrelated individuals of different breeds

The correct answer is:
The mating of closely related individuals within the same breed

Solution:
Inbreeding refers to the mating of more closely related individuals within the same breed for 4-6 generations.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
What is the definition of isotonic solution with respect to plant cells?

Options:
A The external solution is more concentrated than the cytoplasm
B The external solution is more dilute than the cytoplasm
C The external solution balances the osmotic pressure of the cytoplasm
D The external solution has the same solute concentration as the cytoplasm

The correct answer is:
The external solution balances the osmotic pressure of the cytoplasm

Solution:
If the external solution balances the osmotic pressure of the cytoplasm, it is considered to be isotonic.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
What is the definition of Mortality in population dynamics?

Options:
A The number of births during a given period in the population
B The number of individuals that have come into the habitat from elsewhere
C The number of individuals of the population who left the habitat
D The number of deaths in the population during a given period

The correct answer is:
The number of deaths in the population during a given period

Solution:
Mortality is the number of deaths in the population during a given perioD)

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
What is the definition of recombinant DNA?

Options:
A A piece of cut DNA
B A type of bacterium
C A new combination of circular autonomously replicating DNA created in vitro
D A viral particle

The correct answer is:
A new combination of circular autonomously replicating DNA created in vitro

Solution:
Recombinant DNA refers to a new combination of circular autonomously replicating DNA created in vitro.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
What is the definition of reproduction?

Options:
A A process in which an organism gives rise to new offspring.
B A process in which an organism gives rise to young ones similar to itself.
C A process in which an organism gives rise to young ones different from itself.
D A process in which an organism gives rise to young ones with genetic variation.

The correct answer is:
A process in which an organism gives rise to young ones similar to itself.

Solution:
The definition of reproduction is a biological process in which an organism gives rise to young ones similar to itself.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
What is the definition of sewage?

Options:
A Waste water
B Natural water bodies
C Human excreta
D Pathogenic matter

The correct answer is:
Human excreta

Solution:
Municipal waste-water, also known as sewage, contains large amounts of organic matter and microbes, including pathogenic matter, and is defined as human excreta.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
What is the definition of sex ratio in a population?

Options:
A The number of males and females in a population
B The proportion of males and females in a population
C The age distribution of males and females in a population
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
The proportion of males and females in a population

Solution:
The sex ratio in a population refers to the proportion of males and females in the population, not the number of individuals.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET