datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Who proposed the initial structure of benzene in 1865?

Options:
A Michael Faraday
B Gilbert N. Lewis
C August Kekulé
D Robert H. Grubbs

The correct answer is:
August Kekulé

Solution:
August Kekulé proposed the initial structure of benzene in 1865, which included a cyclic arrangement of six carbon atoms with alternate single and double bonds.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Who proposed the Law of Definite Proportions?

Options:
A Isaac Newton
B Joseph Proust
C Antoine Lavoisier
D Robert Boyle

The correct answer is:
Joseph Proust

Solution:
The Law of Definite Proportions was proposed by Joseph Proust, a French chemist.

Topic: Chemistry, Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, NEET
Who proposed the Law of Multiple Proportions?

Options:
A Albert Einstein
B John Dalton
C Isaac Newton
D Marie Curie

The correct answer is:
John Dalton

Solution:
The Law of Multiple Proportions was proposed by Dalton.

Topic: Chemistry, Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, NEET
Who proposed the theory that the first form of life could have come from pre:existing non:living organic molecules?

Options:
A Charles Darwin
B Louis Pasteur
C Oparin of Russia and Haldane of England
D The Big Bang theory

The correct answer is:
Oparin of Russia and Haldane of England

Solution:
Oparin of Russia and Haldane of England proposed that the first form of life could have come from pre:existing non:living organic molecules (e.g. RNA, protein, etc.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Who proposed the theory that the first form of life could have come from pre:existing non:living organic molecules?

Options:
A Charles Darwin
B Louis Pasteur
C Oparin of Russia and Haldane of England
D Lamarck

The correct answer is:
Oparin of Russia and Haldane of England

Solution:
Oparin of Russia and Haldane of England proposed that the first form of life could have come from pre:existing non:living organic molecules (e.g. RNA, protein, etc.)

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Who provided the physical justification and interpretation of the Arrhenius equation?

Options:
A J.H. van't Hoff
B Swedish chemist
C Dutch chemist
D Ernst Mayr

The correct answer is:
Swedish chemist

Solution:
Swedish chemist Arrhenius provided the physical justification and interpretation of the Arrhenius equation.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
Who received the Nobel Prize for separating hydrogen isotope of mass number 2 by physical methods?

Options:
A Albert Einstein
B Marie Curie
C Harold C. Urey
D Ernest Rutherford

The correct answer is:
Harold C. Urey

Solution:
The paragraph mentions that Harold C. Urey, an American scientist, received the Nobel Prize for separating the hydrogen isotope of mass number 2 by physical methods.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrogen, NEET
Who recognized certain microbes as the causal organism of the mosaic disease of tobacco?

Options:
A Dmitri Ivanowsky
B M.W. Beijerinck
C W.M. Stanley
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Dmitri Ivanowsky

Solution:
Dmitri Ivanowsky (1892) recognized certain microbes as the causal organism of the mosaic disease of tobacco.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Who refined Lewis's postulations in 1919?

Options:
A Langmuir
B Rutherford
C Bohr
D Dalton

The correct answer is:
Langmuir

Solution:
Langmuir (1919) refined Lewis's postulations.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Who revealed the biochemical nature of the transforming principle?

Options:
A Watson
B Avery, Mcleod and McCarty
C Messelson and Stahl
D Oparin

The correct answer is:
Avery, Mcleod and McCarty

Solution:
Avery, Mcleod and McCarty noticed that the RNA digesting enzyme (RNases), Protein digesting enzymes (Proteases) did not affect the transformation of the non-virulent R-strain to the virulent S-strain.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Who said 'all cells arise from pre-existing cells'?

Options:
A Robert Hooke
B Rudolf Virchow
C Robert Brown
D Antony van Leeuwenhoek

The correct answer is:
Rudolf Virchow

Solution:
In 1855, the German physiologist Rudolf Virchow added a third principle to the cell theory. Virchow stated that all cells arise from the division of pre-existing cells (Latin phrase "Omnis cellula e cellula").

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Who should look for danger signs of substance abuse among adolescents?

Options:
A The adolescent
B The teacher
C The parents
D The friends

The correct answer is:
The parents

Solution:
Alert parents and teachers need to look for and identify danger signs of substance abuse.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Who showed, based on experimental observations, that the visible lines of the hydrogen spectrum obey a specific formula when expressed in terms of wavenumber?

Options:
A Max Planck
B Albert Einstein
C Niels Bohr
D Balmer

The correct answer is:
Balmer

Solution:
Balmer showed, based on experimental observations, that the visible lines of the hydrogen spectrum obey a specific formula when expressed in terms of wavenumber

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Who showed exemplary courage in the effort to cut down trees by the king's men?

Options:
A Bishnoi man
B Bishnoi woman
C King's men
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Bishnoi woman

Solution:
A Bishnoi woman Amrita Devi showed exemplary courage by hugging a tree and daring king's men to cut her first before cutting the tree.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Who showed that sunlight is essential to the process that purifies the air fouled by breathing animals or burning candles?

Options:
A Joseph Priestley
B Jan Ingenhousz
C Both Joseph Priestley and Jan Ingenhousz
D Neither Joseph Priestley nor Jan Ingenhousz

The correct answer is:
Jan Ingenhousz

Solution:
Using a similar setup as the one used by Priestley, Jan Ingenhousz showed that sunlight is essential to the plant process that somehow purifies the air fouled by burning candles or breathing animals.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
Who synthesized acetic acid in 1845, demonstrating that organic compounds could be synthesized from inorganic sources in a laboratory?

Options:
A F. Wohler
B Berthelot
C Berzilius
D Kolbe

The correct answer is:
Kolbe

Solution:
Kolbe synthesized acetic acid in 1845, showing that organic compounds could be synthesized from inorganic sources in a laboratory.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Who synthesized methane in 1856, further confirming the synthesis of organic compounds from inorganic sources?

Options:
A F. Wohler
B Berthelot
C Berzilius
D Kolbe

The correct answer is:
Berthelot

Solution:
Berthelot synthesized methane in 1856, confirming the synthesis of organic compounds from inorganic sources.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Who traditionally had the privilege of naming new elements, and how was the suggested name ratified?

Options:
A Only the discoverer had the privilege, and the name was ratified by the IUPAC.
B Only the IUPAC had the privilege, and the name was ratified by the discoverer.
C Both the discoverer and the IUPAC had the privilege, and they jointly ratified the name.
D Naming of new elements was done randomly without any privileges or ratification.

The correct answer is:
Only the discoverer had the privilege, and the name was ratified by the IUPAC.

Solution:
The naming of the new elements had been traditionally the privilege of the discoverer (or discoverers) and the suggested name was ratified by the IUPAC.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
Who transmits the action potential through the entire ventricular musculature?

Options:
A SAN
B AVN
C AV bundle
D Bundle of His

The correct answer is:
Bundle of His

Solution:
The Bundle of His transmits the action potential through the entire ventricular musculature.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Who used fruit flies to verify the chromosomal theory of inheritance?

Options:
A Charles Darwin
B Gregor Mendel
C Thomas Hunt Morgan
D Francis Crick

The correct answer is:
Thomas Hunt Morgan

Solution:
Thomas Hunt Morgan and his colleagues used fruit flies to verify the chromosomal

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Who used statistics to predict the behavior of a large number of molecules in terms of their kinetic energy distribution?

Options:
A Ludwig Boltzmann and James Clerk Maxwell
B Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr
C Marie Curie and Antoine Lavoisier
D Isaac Newton and Robert Boyle

The correct answer is:
Ludwig Boltzmann and James Clerk Maxwell

Solution:
Ludwig Boltzmann and James Clerk Maxwell used statistics to predict the behavior of a large number of molecules regarding their kinetic energy distribution.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
Who used "Systema Naturae" as the title of his publication?

Options:
A Linnaeus
B Darwin
C Lamarck
D Wallace

The correct answer is:
Linnaeus

Solution:
Linnaeus used "Systema Naturae" as the title of his publication.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Who used the frequency of recombination to map the position of genes on chromosomes?

Options:
A Mendel
B Sutton
C Boveri
D Sturtevant

The correct answer is:
Sturtevant

Solution:
Sturtevant used the frequency of recombination to map the position of genes on chromosomes.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Who was a contemporary of Henry and independently concluded that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is a function of the partial pressure of the gas?

Options:
A Charles
B Boyle
C Dalton
D Lavoisier

The correct answer is:
Dalton

Solution:
The paragraph mentions that Dalton, a contemporary of Henry, independently concluded that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is a function of the partial pressure of the gas.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Who was awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery of penicillin?

Options:
A Alexander Fleming
B Ernest Chain
C Howard Florey
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
Alexander Fleming, Ernest Chain and Howard Florey were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945 for the discovery of penicillin.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Who was Mary Mallon?

Options:
A A scientist
B A cook
C A doctor
D A nurse

The correct answer is:
A cook

Solution:
Mary Mallon was a cook by profession and was a typhoid carrier who continued to spread typhoid for several years through the food she prepared.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Who was the first member of the genus Homo?

Options:
A Homo habilis
B Homo erectus
C Homo neanderthalensis
D Homo sapiens

The correct answer is:
Homo habilis

Solution:
Some important stages of human evolution:
Australopithecines (Prior to genus Homo): Few fossils of man-like bones were discovered in eastern Africa (Ethiopia and Tanzania) which strengthens the belief that man-like primates (Height < 4 feet but walked upright) walked in eastern Africa about 3-4 mya. Lived in East African grasslands. These used stone weapons for hunting but also ate fruits.
Homo habilis (2 mya): First human-like being: the hominid. Cranial capacity: 650-800cc. These probably did not eat meat. They are commonly called a toolmaker.
Homo erectus (1.5 mya): Fossils discovered in Java in 1891. Cranial capacity: 900cc (large brain). These probably ate meat.
Neanderthal man (1,00,000-40,000 years back): Lived near east and central Asia. Cranial capacity: 1400cc. These people used hides to protect their bodies and buried their dead.
Homo sapiens: Homo sapiens arose in Africa during ice age between 75,000-10,000 years ago and moved to different continents and developed into various races.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Who was the first scientist to consider the idea of trends among properties of elements?

Options:
A Johann Dobereiner
B Ernst Mayr
C Dmitri Mendeleev
D Marie Curie

The correct answer is:
Johann Dobereiner

Solution:
The German chemist, Johann Dobereiner, in the early 1800s, was the first to consider the idea of trends among properties of elements.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
Who was the first to describe the bonding features in coordination compounds?

Options:
A Alfred Werner
B Linus Pauling
C Gilbert N. Lewis
D Robert H. Grubbs

The correct answer is:
Alfred Werner

Solution:
Alfred Werner was the first to describe the bonding features in coordination compounds.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
Whorled, simple leaves with reticulate venation are present in

Options:
A Calotropis
B Neem
C China Rose
D Alstonia

The correct answer is:
Alstonia

Solution:
Venation refers to the arrangement of veins and veinlets in leaf lamina. Venation are of two types: Reticulate and Parallel. A network of veinlets is found in reticulate venation while in parallel venation veins run parallel to each other. Leaves may be simple or compound. In simple leaf, single leaf blade is present while in compound leaf, leaf blade is differentiated into leaflets. In whorled leaves more than two leaves arise at a node. In Alstonia whorled, simple leaves with reticulate venation are present.
Compound leaves are present in Neem. Whorled leaves are absent in China rose and Calotropis.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Whorled, simple leaves with reticulate venation are present in

Options:
A Calotropis
B Neem
C China rose
D Alstonia

The correct answer is:
Alstonia

Solution:
Whorled phyllotaxy is a feature of Nerium and Alstonia. In Alstonia, five leaves are present in a whorl while in Nerium three leaves are present in a whorl.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Whose experiments cracked the DNA and discovered unequivocally that a genetic code is a triplet?

Options:
A Nirenberg and Mathaei
B Hershey and Chase
C Morgan and Sturtevant
D Beadle and Tatum

The correct answer is:
Nirenberg and Mathaei

Solution:
The existence of triplet code was simply an assumption till 1961, when Nirenberg and Methaei proved its existence by experiments. They were able to synthesize artificial mRNA, which contained only one nitrogenous base, ie, uracil. This synthetic poly $U$ sequence was then placed in a cell free system containing protein synthesizing enzymes (extracted from bacterium E. coli) and 20 amino acids together with necessary ATP. During the process, a small polypeptide molecule was produced, which was formed by the linking of phenylalanine. This suggested that UUU is the code for phenyl alanine. Nirenberg got Nobel Prize for his contributions.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
Why are aldehydes generally more reactive than ketones in nucleophilic addition reactions?

Options:
A Due to the presence of bulky substituents
B Due to the presence of two alkyl groups
C Due to steric and electronic reasons
D Due to the absence of carbonyl groups

The correct answer is:
Due to steric and electronic reasons

Solution:
Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones in nucleophilic addition reactions due to both steric and electronic reasons.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, NEET
Why are aliphatic amines stronger bases than ammonia?

Options:
A Due to the aromatic nature of aliphatic amines.
B Due to the presence of oxygen atoms in aliphatic amines.
C Due to the +I effect of alkyl groups increasing electron density on nitrogen.
D Due to their lower electron density.

The correct answer is:
Due to the +I effect of alkyl groups increasing electron density on nitrogen.

Solution:
Aliphatic amines are stronger bases than ammonia because alkyl groups have a +I effect, which increases electron density on the nitrogen atom, making it a better base.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Why are aliphatic diazonium salts formed from primary aliphatic amines unstable?

Options:
A They have a high boiling point
B They readily liberate nitrogen gas
C They are highly soluble in water
D They are stable at room temperature

The correct answer is:
They readily liberate nitrogen gas

Solution:
Aliphatic diazonium salts formed from primary aliphatic amines are unstable and readily liberate nitrogen gas.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Why are alkali metals not found in nature?

Options:
A Because alkali metals are highly reactive and readily form covalent compounds with non-metals, making them rare in nature.
B Because alkali metals are often found in deep underground deposits, making them difficult to extract.
C Because alkali metals readily react with air and moisture, and are often found in nature as compounds rather than pure elements.
D Because alkali metals are radioactive and have short half-lives, making them scarce in nature.

The correct answer is:
Because alkali metals are often found in deep underground deposits, making them difficult to extract.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Because alkali metals are often found in deep underground deposits, making them difficult to extract.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Why are alkaline earth metals considered strong reducing agents?

Options:
A They have large positive reduction potentials.
B They have large negative reduction potentials.
C They have low electronegativity values.
D They have high ionization energies.

The correct answer is:
They have large negative reduction potentials.

Solution:
Alkaline earth metals have large negative reduction potentials, indicating their ability to readily donate electrons and act as reducing agents.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Why are alkoxides capable of promoting elimination reactions in addition to substitution reactions in the Williamson ether synthesis?

Options:
A Alkoxides are neutral molecules
B Alkoxides are strong nucleophiles
C Alkoxides are strong bases
D Alkoxides are weak nucleophiles

The correct answer is:
Alkoxides are strong bases

Solution:
Alkoxides are not only nucleophiles but also strong bases. This makes them capable of promoting elimination reactions in addition to substitution reactions in the Williamson ether synthesis.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Why are alkylamines stronger bases than ammonia?

Options:
A Alkyl groups increase molecular weight
B Alkyl groups release electrons toward nitrogen
C Ammonia has a stronger inductive effect
D Alkylamines have more lone pairs of electrons

The correct answer is:
Alkyl groups release electrons toward nitrogen

Solution:
Alkyl groups push electrons toward the nitrogen atom in amines, making the lone pair of electrons more available for protonation, increasing basicity.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Why are all transition elements d-block elements, but not all d-block elements are transition elements?

Options:
A All d-block elements have similar electron configurations.
B Transition elements exhibit variable oxidation states.
C Transition elements have partially filled d-orbitals.
D D-block elements have completely filled d-orbitals.

The correct answer is:
Transition elements have partially filled d-orbitals.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Transition elements have partially filled d-orbitals.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
Why are amino acids also called α-amino acids?

Options:
A They have α-carbon with amino and acid group.
B They are rotated clockwise.
C They are rotated anti-clockwise.
D They rotate the plane of polarized light to the right.

The correct answer is:
They have α-carbon with amino and acid group.

Solution:
The amino acids which form the basic units in protein synthesis have the amino ―NH2 group and carboxyl ―COOH group attached to the α-carbon atom. Hence, amino acids are referred to as α-amino acids.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Why are antibiotics used as drugs to treat infections?

Options:
A Because they are purely synthetic compounds
B Because they stimulate the growth of microorganisms
C Because they have low toxicity for humans and animals
D Because they are produced by viruses

The correct answer is:
Because they have low toxicity for humans and animals

Solution:
Antibiotics are used to treat infections because of their low toxicity for humans and animals.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Why are antidepressant drugs required when the level of noradrenaline is low?

Options:
A To catalyze the degradation of noradrenaline
B To inhibit the enzymes that degrade noradrenaline
C To increase the level of noradrenaline
D To induce sleep

The correct answer is:
To inhibit the enzymes that degrade noradrenaline

Solution:
Antidepressant drugs are required to inhibit the enzymes that catalyze the degradation of noradrenaline, allowing it to activate its receptor for longer periods of time.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Why are aquatic species more comfortable in cold water in comparison to warm water?

Options:
A Because cold water has a higher oxygen content due to decreased temperature.
B Because warm water has a higher oxygen content due to increased temperature.
C Because cold water has a lower oxygen content due to decreased temperature.
D Because warm water has a lower oxygen content due to increased temperature.

The correct answer is:
Because cold water has a higher oxygen content due to decreased temperature.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Because cold water has a higher oxygen content due to decreased temperature.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Why are aryl halides less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reactions than alkyl halides? How can we enhance the reactivity of aryl halides?

Options:
A Aryl halides are less reactive because they have stronger carbon-halogen bonds.
B Aryl halides are less reactive because they lack a leaving group.
C Aryl halides are less reactive because they have a stable, aromatic ring system.
D Aryl halides can be made more reactive by using strong reducing agents.

The correct answer is:
Aryl halides are less reactive because they have a stable, aromatic ring system.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Aryl halides are less reactive because they have a stable, aromatic ring system.

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET
Why are aryl halides less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reactions?

Options:
A Due to their high stability
B Due to the absence of halogen atoms
C Due to the presence of resonance effect
D Due to their high reactivity

The correct answer is:
Due to the presence of resonance effect

Solution:
Aryl halides are less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reactions because of the resonance effect, which results in a partial double bond character in the C-Cl bond.

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET
Why are batteries and fuel cells considered important?

Options:
A They are highly polluting
B They are energy inefficient
C They can power various instruments and devices
D They are only used in experimental settings

The correct answer is:
They can power various instruments and devices

Solution:
Batteries and fuel cells can power various instruments and devices.

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET
Why are BeSO4and MgSO4readily soluble in water while CaSO4, SrSO4, and BaSO4are insoluble?

Options:
A Because Be+2and Mg+2have low hydration enthalpy.
B Due to the high lattice energy of CaSO4, SrSO4, and BaSO4.
C Because Ca+2, Sr+2, and Ba+2have high hydration enthalpy.
D BeSO4 and MgSO4 are less dense than CaSO4, SrSO4, and BaSO4.

The correct answer is:
Because Be+2and Mg+2have low hydration enthalpy.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Because Be+2and Mg+2have low hydration enthalpy.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Why are calcium chloride (CaCl2) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) considered impurities in crude sodium chloride?

Options:
A They have a strong odor
B They are highly toxic to humans
C They easily absorb moisture from the atmosphere (deliquescent)
D They cause the salt to become discolored

The correct answer is:
They easily absorb moisture from the atmosphere (deliquescent)

Solution:
Calcium chloride and magnesium chloride are considered impurities in crude sodium chloride because they are deliquescent, meaning they absorb moisture easily from the atmosphere.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET