datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Observe the given diagram of the sectional view of Testis.

Which of the following statements about the above diagram is correct?

Options:
A A is stimulated by FSH.
B B is responsible for secretion of hormone testosterone.
C C is the diploid germ cell which gives rise to gametes.
D D is responsible for providing nutrition to the growing sperms.

The correct answer is:
D is responsible for providing nutrition to the growing sperms.

Solution:
A: Interstitial cells/Leydig's cells: They are responsible for the secretion of male sex hormones like testosterone. They are stimulated by ICSH/LH.
B: Spermatogonia: They are the germ cells that give rise to spermatozoa.
C: Spermatozoa: They are formed as a result of spermatogenesis.
D: Sertoli cells: They are responsible for providing nourishment to the growing sperms

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Observe the given figure. Identify the different stages labelled with alphabets by selecting the correct option.

Options:
A A-Carboxylation, B-Regeneration, C-Reduction
B A-Reduction, B-Decarboxylation, C-Regeneration
C A-Carboxylation, B-Reduction, C-Regeneration
D A-Reduction, B-Carboxylation, C-Regeneration

The correct answer is:
A-Carboxylation, B-Reduction, C-Regeneration

Solution:
The calvin cycle proceeds in three stages:
(A) Carboxylation, during which $\mathrm{CO}_2$ combines with ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate.
(B) Reduction, during which carbohydrate is formed at the expense of the photochemically made ATP and NADPH.
(C) Regeneration during which the $\mathrm{CO}_2$ acceptor ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate is formed again so that the cycle continues.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET, NEET 2024 (Re-NEET)
Observe the given floral diagram and choose the suitable floral formula from the following.

Options:
A

B
C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
â¢ Calyx of 5 separate sepals
â¢ Corolla zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical); of 5 petals, 2 fused together, 2 free and forming a pair, and a 5th different from the others
â¢ Androecium of 10 stamens, 9 joined by their filaments, the 10th free
â¢ Gynoecium unicarpellate, the ovary superior

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Observe the graph of area versus species richness and select the options that explain lines 1 and 2.

Options:
A 1 - Molluscs in New York State and 2 - plants in Britain
B 1 - plants in Britain and 2 - birds in California
C 1 - frugivorous birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents and 2 - plants in Britain
D 1 - Molluscs in New York state and 2 - frugivorous birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents

The correct answer is:
1 - Molluscs in New York state and 2 - frugivorous birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents

Solution:
Alexander von Humboldt observed that within a region species richness increased with increasing explored area, but only up to a limit. In fact, the relation between species richness and area for a wide variety of taxa turns out to be a rectangular hyperbola. On a logarithmic scale, the relationship is a straight line described by the equation log S = log C + Z log A where S= Species richness A= Area Z = slope of the line (regression coefficient) C = Y- intercept Ecologists have discovered that the value of Z lies in the range of 0.1 to 0.2 , regardless of the taxonomic group or the region (whether it is the plants in Britain, birds in California or molluscs in New York state). But, if you analyse the species-area relationships among very large areas like the entire continents, you will find that the slope of the line to be much steeper. For example, for frugivorous (fruit-eating) birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents, the slope is found to be 1.15 . In this graph line 2 is steeper than line 1 . Thus Z value is higher.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Observe the list of organism given below:

Arabidopsis, Caenorhabditis, Sunflower, Drosophila, Honey bee, Rice, Wheat, Human, Yeast

How many of the given organism genome has been completely sequenced?

Options:
A 6
B 4
C 7
D 5

The correct answer is:
6

Solution:
Apart from the sequencing of the human genome, many non-human model organisms such as bacteria, yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans (a free-living non-pathogenic nematode), Drosophila (Fruit fly), Plants (Rice and Arabidopsis) have also been sequenced.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Observe the picture and state the phenomenon that can be explained by this

Options:
A Competitive exclusion principle
B Competitive release
C Resource partitioning
D Commensalism

The correct answer is:
Resource partitioning

Solution:
If two species compete for the same resource, they could avoid competition by choosing, for instance, different times for feeding or different foraging patterns. MacArthur showed that five closely related species of warblers living on the same tree were able to avoid competition and co-exist due to behavioural differences in their foraging activities. This mechanism is 'resource partitioning'. Gause's 'Competitive Exclusion Principle' states that two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely and the competitively inferior one will be eliminated eventually. This may be true if resources are limiting, but not otherwise. A species whose distribution is restricted to a small geographical area because of the presence of a competitively superior species, is found to expand its distributional range dramatically when the competing species is experimentally removed. This is called competitive release. Commensalism is the interaction in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Observe the picture below and state the name of the scientist/s who performed this experiment?

Options:
A Francesco Redi
B Lazzaro Spallanzani
C Louis Pasteur
D Joshua Lederberg and Esther Lederberg

The correct answer is:
Francesco Redi

Solution:
Francesco Redi took cooked meat in three jars. One jar was open, the second was covered with parchment paper and the third was sealed with gauze and made airtight. He observed that maggots developed only in the open jar, while maggots could not develop in the meat in closed jars. Thus, life originated from pre-existing life. Lazzaro Spallanzani performed a similar experiment with soup. Louis Pasteur performed experiments with swan neck flasks. Joshua Lederberg and Esther Lederberg performed the replica plating experiment.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Observe the pie chart given below showing biodiversity and identify 'a’ and ‘b’.

Options:
A a = Bryophytes
b = Gymnosperms
B a = Fungi
b = Gymnosperms
C a = Pteridophytes
b = Angiosperms
D a = Fungi
b = Angiosperms

The correct answer is:
a = Fungi
b = Angiosperms

Solution:

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Observe the structure of the following molecules. Which of these molecules are correctly matched with the plants that they are obtained from?

Options:
A A: Cannabis sativa and B: Datura innoxa
B A: Cannabis sativa and B: Papaver somniferum
C A: Papaver somniferum and B: Cannabis sativa
D A: Papaver somniferum and B: Atropa belladonna

The correct answer is:
A: Papaver somniferum and B: Cannabis sativa

Solution:
Structure A is of a morphine molecule. It is an opioid and obtained from the opium plant, Papaver somniferum. Structure B is of a cannabinoid molecule, which is the active ingredient of Cannabis sativa plant.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Observe this diagram of L.S. of embryo of grass. Which of these labels represent the functional cotyledon and Rudimentary cotyledon?

Options:
A Functional cotyledon: A, Rudimentary cotyledon: B
B Functional cotyledon: A, Rudimentary cotyledon: C
C Functional cotyledon: G, Rudimentary cotyledon: D
D Functional cotyledon: A, Rudimentary cotyledon: D

The correct answer is:
Functional cotyledon: A, Rudimentary cotyledon: D

Solution:
The correct labels of this diagram are
In this scutellum is the functional cotyledon while epiblast which is a flap lie structure represents the rudimentary cotyledon. Embryos of monocotyledons possess only one cotyledon. In the grass family the cotyledon is called scutellum that is situated towards one side (lateral) of the embryonal axis. At its lower end, the embryonal axis has the radical and root cap enclosed in an undifferentiated sheath called coleorrhiza. The portion of the embryonal axis above the level of attachment of scutellum is the epicotyl. Epicotyl has a shoot apex and a few leaf primordia enclosed in a hollow foliar structure, the coleoptile.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Observe this floral diagram. What does the part denoted by the arrow indicate?

Options:
A The position of bract in the flower
B The position of petiole or stalk of the flower
C The position of thalamus of the flower
D The position of the mother axis with respect to the flower

The correct answer is:
The position of the mother axis with respect to the flower

Solution:
A floral diagram provides information about the number of parts of a flower, their arrangement, and the relation they have with one another. The position of the mother axis with respect to the flower is represented by a dot on the top of the floral diagram. Calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium are drawn in successive whorls, calyx being the outermost and the gynoecium being in the center. The floral formula also shows cohesion and adhesion within parts of whorls and between whorls.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Observe this image of a cut section of the tree. What would be the approximate age of this tree?

Options:
A 7 years
B 10 years
C 14 years
D 28 years

The correct answer is:
14 years

Solution:
The activity of cambium is under the control of many physiological and environmental factors. In temperate regions, the climatic conditions are not uniform through the year. In the spring season, cambium is very active and produces a large number of xylary elements having vessels with wider cavities. The wood formed during this season is called spring wood or early wood. In winter, the cambium is less active and forms fewer xylary elements that have narrow vessels, and this wood is called autumn wood or late wood. The spring wood is lighter in colour and has a lower density whereas the autumn wood is darker and has a higher density. The two kinds of woods that appear as alternate concentric rings, constitute an annual ring. Annual rings seen in a cut stem give an estimate of the age of the tree. In this cut section there are 14 annual rings hence its age would be about 14 years

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Obstacle to large scale transplantation of organs is

Options:
A immunological rejection of foreign bodies by B-lymphocytes.
B immunological rejection of foreign bodies by T-lymphocytes.
C immunological rejection of foreign bodies by basophils.
D immunological rejection of foreign bodies by monoocytes.

The correct answer is:
immunological rejection of foreign bodies by T-lymphocytes.

Solution:
The major obstacle in transplantation of organs is that the recipient body does not accept the donor's organ. The body defence mechanism reject & treat the transplanted organ as a foreign particle and reacts actively.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Obtain the amplitude of current at the resonating frequency.

Options:
A 9.32A
B 5.67A
C 4.33A
D 8.13A

The correct answer is:
4.33A

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
4.33A

Topic: Chemistry, Alternating Current, NEET
Obtain the displacement current across the plates.

Options:
A 0.3A
B 1.5A
C 0.15A
D 3.0A

The correct answer is:
0.15A

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
0.15A

Topic: Chemistry, Electromagnetic Waves, NEET
Obtain the expression for the magnetic energy stored in a solenoid in terms of magnetic field B, area A and length l of the solenoid.

Options:
A $\frac{1}{{{\mu }_{0}}}{{B}^{2}}Al$
B $\frac{3}{2{{\mu }_{0}}}{{B}^{2}}Al$
C $\frac{1}{2{{\mu }_{0}}}{{B}^{2}}Al$
D $\frac{5}{2{{\mu }_{0}}}{{B}^{2}}Al$

The correct answer is:
$\frac{1}{2{{\mu }_{0}}}{{B}^{2}}Al$

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
$\frac{1}{2{{\mu }_{0}}}{{B}^{2}}Al$

Topic: Chemistry, Electromagnetic Induction, NEET
Occurrence of endemic species in South America and Africa is due to

Options:
A Progressive evolution
B Continental drift
C Absence of terrestrial routes to these places
D Mutation

The correct answer is:
Continental drift

Solution:
Continental drift is a geological theory stating that the relative positions of the continents on the earth's surface have changed considerably through geologic time. For example, fossils of the ancient reptile mesosaurus are only found in southern Africa and South America. Mesosaurus, a freshwater reptile, only one meter (3.3 feet) long, could not have swum the Atlantic Ocean to reach the American region.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Oestrous cycle is seen in

Options:
A chimpanzee.
B gorilla.
C cows.
D More than one option is correct

The correct answer is:
cows.

Solution:
The females of placental mammals exhibit cyclical changes in the activities of ovaries and accessory ducts as well as hormones during the reproductive phase. In non-primate mammals like cows, sheep, rats, deers, dogs, tiger, etc., such cyclical changes during reproduction are called oestrus cycle where as in primates (monkeys, apes, and humans) it is called menstrual cycle.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Oestrus cycle is seen in

Options:
A Dogs
B Apes
C Tiger
D More than one option is correct

The correct answer is:
More than one option is correct

Solution:
The females of placental mammals exhibit cyclical changes in the activities of ovaries and accessory ducts as well as hormones during the reproductive phase. In non-primate mammals like cows, sheep, rats, deers, dogs, tiger, etc., such cyclical changes during reproduction are called oestrus cycle where as in primates (monkeys, apes, and humans) it is called the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Of the following 0.10m aqueous solutions, which one will exhibit the largest freezing point depression?

Options:
A KCl
B C6H12O6
C Al2SO43
D K2SO4

The correct answer is:
Al2SO43

Solution:
Colligative properties are directly proportional to the number of solute particles.

On dissociation of Al2SO43→2Al+3 + 3SO42-

i=51=5

∆Tf=iKfm

i is highest for Al2SO43

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET, NEET 2014
Of the following 0.10 m aqueous solutions, which one will exhibit the largest freezing point depression?

Options:
A K2SO4
B KCl
C Al2(SO4)3
D C6H12O6

The correct answer is:
Al2(SO4)3

Solution:
As molar concentration is same so only deciding factor is vant Hoff factor
Depression in freezing point ∝ vant Hoff's factor for Al2(SO4)3→i=5
K2SO4→i=3
KCl→i=2
C6H12O6→i=1

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Of the following complex ions, which is diamagnetic in nature?

Options:
A $\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CN})_4\right]^{2-}$
B $\left[\mathrm{CuCl}_4\right]^{2-}$
C $\left[\mathrm{CoF}_6\right]^{3-}$
D $\left[\mathrm{NiCl}_4\right]^{2-}$

The correct answer is:
$\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CN})_4\right]^{2-}$

Solution:
Electronic configuration of $\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}$ in $\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CN})_4\right]^{2-}$
$\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}$ has $d s p^2$ hybridisation, as $\mathrm{CN}^{-}$is a strong field ligand.
$\therefore\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CN})_4\right]^{2-}$ is diamagnetic (becasue of the absence of unpaired electrons).

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Of the following graphs, the one that correctly represent the variation of Î² = - dV / dp V with p, for an ideal gas at constant temperature, is

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Î² = - dV / dP V = compressibility of gas
= 1 Bulk modulus of elasticity
and Î² = 1 p under isothermal conditions.

Topic: Physics, Thermodynamics, NEET
Of the following _________ represents the largest man made ecosystem.

Options:
A zoo
B garden
C aquarium
D agriculture land/ water

The correct answer is:
agriculture land/ water

Solution:
Man-made ecosystems are a copy of natural ecosystems created by man. The conditions of natural ecosystems are replicated in the man-made ecosystem. These are sustained by human interventions. Examples include aquarium, zoo, botanical gardens, park, agriculture land. Out of these, the agriculture field represents the largest man-made ecosystem.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Of the following, which is the product formed when cyclohexanone undergoes aldol condensation followed by heating?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Aldol condensation is a property of carbonyl compounds having hydrogen at α− carbon atom. Aldol means aldehyde and alcohol groups on the same molecule. It may occur between two aldehydes or ketones in the presence of a catalytic base. The reaction is only possible between two components having α− hydrogen.
When cyclohexanone undergoes aldol condensation in the presence of a base, it will produce a β− hydroxy ketone.

When cyclohexanone undergoes aldol condensation followed by heating, the product formed is represented by the option (b).

Mechanism:

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET, NEET 2017
Of the following, which is the product formed when cyclohexanone undergoes aldol condensation followed
by heating?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
As cyclohexanone has α H-atoms so it can easily undergo self Aldol condensation as follows

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Of the following which one is classified as polyester polymer?

Options:
A Bakelite
B Melamine
C Nylon-66
D Terylene

The correct answer is:
Terylene

Solution:
Terylene is a polyester polymer because it is formed by the monomer units terephtalic acid and ethylene glycol.

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Of the total Earth's land area, India has:

Options:
A 2.4%
B 24%
C 0.81%
D 8.1%

The correct answer is:
2.4%

Solution:
Although India has only 2.4 per cent of the world's land area, its share of the global species diversity is an impressive 8.1 per cent. That is what makes our country one of the 12 mega diversity countries of the world. Nearly 45,000 species of plants and twice as many of animals have been recorded from India.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Of the total incident solar radiation the proportion of PAR is

Options:
A about $60 \%$
B less than $50 \%$
C more than $80 \%$
D about $70 \%$

The correct answer is:
less than $50 \%$

Solution:
PAR (Photosynthetically active radiation) designates the spectral range of solar radiation from 400 to $700 \mathrm{~nm}$ that photosynthetic organisms are able to use in the process of photosynthesis. Of the total incident solar radiation the proportion of PAR is less than $50 \%$.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Of the total incident solar radiation, the proportion of PAR is

Options:
A About 60%
B Less than 50%
C More than 80%
D About 70%

The correct answer is:
Less than 50%

Solution:
Of the total incident solar radiation only less than 50% is photosynthetically active radiation and only 2 - 10 % of which is used up by plants in photosynthesis.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Of these compounds, which compound has minimum heat of hydrogenation per π -bond?

Options:
A cis-2-butene
B trans-2-butene
C 2, 3-dimethyl-2-butene
D benzene

The correct answer is:
benzene

Solution:
Heat of hydrogenation ∝ 1 stability of compound
Benzene is most stable because it is aromatic so it will have least heat of hydrogenation.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Offsets are produced by

Options:
A Parthenocarpy
B Mitotic divisions
C Meiotic divisions
D Parthenogenesis

The correct answer is:
Mitotic divisions

Solution:
Offsets are produced by mitotic divisions. They are one internode long runners that occur in some aquatic plants. A breaking of offsets helps in vegetative propagation. They give rise to new plants, e.g. Eichhornia. Meiotic divisions occur in only germ cells. Parthenocarpy is the development of seedless fruits. Parthenogenesis can be defined as the development of an egg into a complete individual without fertilization.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET, NEET 2018
Often in the water bodies subjected to sewage pollution, fishes die because of the

Options:
A foul smell
B pathogens in the sewage
C clogging of their gills by solid particles
D reduction in dissolved oxygen caused by microbial activity

The correct answer is:
reduction in dissolved oxygen caused by microbial activity

Solution:
Natural aging and nutrient enrichment of a water body is termed as eutrophication. Due to the human activities of adding sewage and industrial waste, water bodies like lake have been heavily eutrophised. Contaminants like nitrates and phosphates overstimulate algal growth as a consequence deplete the oxygen level in water body. Also, other pollutants poison the population of aquatic life leading to their death and increasing the rate of decomposition by bacteria which further depletes the oxygen level. As a result, the aquatic life in water body chokes to death

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Often in water bodies, subjected to sewage pollution, fishes die because of the

Options:
A Foul smell
B Reduction is dissolved oxygen caused by microbial activity
C Clotting of their gilles by solid substances
D pathogens released by the sewage

The correct answer is:
Reduction is dissolved oxygen caused by microbial activity

Solution:
Often in water bodies, subjected to sewage pollution, fishes die because of the reduction is dissolved oxygen caused by microbial activity.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
Okazaki fragments are formed on one of the strand of DNA, known as

Options:
A Leading strand
B Lagging strand
C Continuous strand
D More than one option is correct

The correct answer is:
Lagging strand

Solution:
The synthesis of one daughter polynucleotide strand is continuous, and the strand is called the leading strand. The other daughter DNA strand is synthesized in discontinuous fragments called Okazaki fragments and is called the lagging strand.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Ommatidia serve the purpose of photoreception in:

Options:
A cockroach
B frog
C humans
D sunflower

The correct answer is:
cockroach

Solution:
Ommatidia are small units which make up the compound eye of animals like insects. Many ommatidia work together to give mosaic images (mosaic vision). This compound eyed are highly sensitive but their resolution is low.
Related Theory
The compound eye of the cockroach is composed of approximately 2,000 ommatidia that are separated from one another by a pigment sheath extending to the basement membrane of the eye, where nerves and tracheae are clearly seen.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2003
On a graph paper, we have plotted the oxygen haemoglobin curve of haemoglobin seen in the embryonic stage. A new oxygen haemoglobin curve of haemoglobin seen in a 10-year-old child is plotted on the same graph paper. With respect to this graph, which one of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A The new curve is on the right of the old curve.
B The new curve is on the left of the old curve.
C The new curve completely overlaps the old curve.
D Data is insufficient to comment on the position of graphs

The correct answer is:
The new curve is on the right of the old curve.

Solution:
Oxygen dissociation curve is a sigmoid shaped curve. It is plotted against partial pressure of oxygen on X axes v/s percentage of haemoglobin saturation on Y axes. Shift to this curve is seen in many conditions. In foetal stage the shift is seen to the right side. Foetal haemoglobin has higher affinity for Oxygen because it binds with BPG less strongly. Campared to this curve, the curve seen in adult will be seen on right side.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET