datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Select the incorrect statement.

Options:
A Upto 900 restriction enzymes have been isolated from over 230 strains of bacteria.
B In the year 1963, the two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of bacteriophage in Escherichia coli were isolated.
C Polymerase enzyme is one of the key tools for recombinant DNA technology.
D EcoRI cut the DNA between bases G and A producing blunt ends, when the sequence GAATTC is present in the DNA.

The correct answer is:
EcoRI cut the DNA between bases G and A producing blunt ends, when the sequence GAATTC is present in the DNA.

Solution:
EcoRI identifies specific palindromic DNA sequence GAATTC and cuts are specific locations away from the center between G and A making staggered or sticky end cuts. It breaks phosphodiester bonds and hydrogen bonds.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Select the incorrect statement.

Options:
A In each segment, the exoskeleton has hardened plates called sclerites, sternites dorsally and tergites ventrally.
B The entire body is covered by a hard chitinous exoskeleton (brown in colour).
C Head is triangular in shape and lies anteriorly at right angles to the longitudinal body axis.
D A pair of thread-like antennae arise from membranous sockets lying in front of eyes.

The correct answer is:
In each segment, the exoskeleton has hardened plates called sclerites, sternites dorsally and tergites ventrally.

Solution:
In each segment, the exoskeleton has hardened plates called sclerites (tergites dorsally and sternites ventrally) that are joined to each other by a thin and flexible articular membrane (arthrodial membrane).

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Select the incorrect statement.

Options:
A B. thuringiensis forms protein crystals that contain insecticidal proteins during a particular phase of their growth.
B The proteins encoded by the genes cryIAc and cryIIAb control the cotton bollworms, that of cryIAb controls corn borer.
C Bacillus thuringiensis produce proteins that kill certain insects such as lepidopterans (flies, mosquitoes), coleopterans (beetles) and dipterans (tobacco budworm, armyworm).
D The activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and creates pores.

The correct answer is:
Bacillus thuringiensis produce proteins that kill certain insects such as lepidopterans (flies, mosquitoes), coleopterans (beetles) and dipterans (tobacco budworm, armyworm).

Solution:
Some strains of Bacillus thuringiensis produce proteins that kill certain insects such as lepidopterans (tobacco budworm, armyworm), coleopterans (beetles) and dipterans (flies, mosquitoes).

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Select the incorrect statement.

Options:
A Ozone gas is continuously formed by the action of UV rays on elementary oxygen and also degraded into molecular oxygen in the stratosphere.
B The thickness of the ozone in a column of air from the ground to the top of the atmosphere is measured in terms of Dobson units.
C Cl degrades ozone releasing molecular oxygen, with these atoms acting merely as catalysts.
D Although ozone depletion is occurring widely in the stratosphere, the depletion is particularly marked over the Antarctic region.

The correct answer is:
Ozone gas is continuously formed by the action of UV rays on elementary oxygen and also degraded into molecular oxygen in the stratosphere.

Solution:
Ozone gas is continuously formed by the action of UV rays on molecular oxygen and also degraded into molecular oxygen in the stratosphere.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Select the incorrect statement.

Options:
A The Neanderthal man used hides to protect their body and buried their dead.
B During ice age between 75,000-10,000 years ago modern Homo sapiens arose.
C Homo erectus had a brain size around 650-800 cc.
D Homo habilis were not carnivores.

The correct answer is:
Homo erectus had a brain size around 650-800 cc.

Solution:
The first human-like being the hominid and was called Homo habilis. The brain capacities were between 650-800cc. They probably did not eat meat. Fossils discovered in Java in 1891 revealed the next stage, i.e., Homo erectus about 1.5 mya. Homo erectus had a large brain around 900cc. The Neanderthal man with a brain size of 1400cc lived in near east and central Asia between 1,00,000-40,000 years back. They used hides to protect their body and buried their dead. Homo sapiens arose in Africa and moved across continents and developed into distinct races. During ice age between 75,000-10,000 years ago modern Homo sapiens arose.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Select the incorrect Statement.

Options:
A The walls of ventricles are much thicker than atria.
B Fibrinogen is involved in the clotting of blood.
C Globulin functions in the immune responses.
D Erythroblastosis foetalis occurs due to Rh compatibility between the mother and the foetus during pregnancy

The correct answer is:
Erythroblastosis foetalis occurs due to Rh compatibility between the mother and the foetus during pregnancy

Solution:
Erythroblastosis foetalis occurs due to Rh incompatibility between the mother and the foetus during pregnancy.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Select the incorrect statement:

Options:
A FSH stimulates the sertoli cells which help in spermiogenesis
B LH triggers ovulation in ovary
C LH and FSH decrease gradually during the follicular phase
D LH triggers secretion of androgens from the Leydig cells

The correct answer is:
LH and FSH decrease gradually during the follicular phase

Solution:
LH and FSH both increase during the follicular phase.
The first day of menses is identified as cycle day one. Estrogen is at a low point. Therefore, the pituitary secretes FSH and LH, a process which actually begins before the onset of menses. These hormones, in turn, stimulate the growth of several ovarian follicles, each containing one egg.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
Select the incorrect statement.

Options:
A Male fruit fly is heterogametic.
B In male grasshoppers, 50% of sperms have no sex-chromosome.
C In domesticated fowls, sex of progeny depends on the type of sperm rather than egg.
D Human males have one of their sex-chromosome much shorter than the other.

The correct answer is:
In domesticated fowls, sex of progeny depends on the type of sperm rather than egg.

Solution:
1) The male fruit fly has XY sex chromosomes and produces two types of gametes. Hence, it is called heterogametic.

2) The female grasshopper is XX and the male XX-XO systems produce gametes with (X) or without (O) a sex chromosome. Hence, in male grasshopper, 50% of sperms have no chromosome.

3) Birds have a ZW sex-determination system. The sex of the embryo is determined by the egg in birds and not by the sperm. However, it is written here that the sperm decides the sex of the progeny.

4) In humans, the Y chromosome is considerably smaller than the X chromosome and has a much lower density of genes. In fact, the Y has often been called a genetic junkyard.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
Select the incorrect statement.

Options:
A Inbreeding increases homozygosity.
B Inbreeding is essential to evolve purelines in any animal.
C Inbreeding helps in accumulation of superior genes and elimination of undesirable genes.
D Inbreeding selects harmful recessive genes that reduce fertility and productivity.

The correct answer is:
Inbreeding selects harmful recessive genes that reduce fertility and productivity.

Solution:
The breeding strategy based on inbreeding is as follows. Superior cows and the superior bulls of the same breed are identified and mated in pairs. The progeny obtained from such mating is evaluated and superior males and females are identified for further mating. A superior female, in the case of cattle, is the cow that produces more milk or lactation. On the other hand, a superior male is that bull, which gives rise to superior progeny as compared to those of other males. Inbreeding, as a rule, increases homozygosity.

Advantage: Inbreeding exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection. It also helps in the accumulation of superior genes and elimination of less desirable genes. Therefore, this approach increases the productivity of inbred population.

Disadvantage: But continued inbreeding, especially close inbreeding, usually reduces fertility and even productivity (inbreeding depression). Whenever this becomes a problem the selected animals of the breeding population should be mated with such superior animals of the same breed that are unrelated to those in the breeding population.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
Select the incorrect statement about DNA fingerprinting among the following.

Options:
A It involves identifying differences of repetitive DNA.
B The small peaks formed during the density gradient of DNA are called satellite DNA.
C Satellite DNA codes for proteins which forms a large portion of the human genome.
D Polymorphisms are inheritable from parents to children.

The correct answer is:
Satellite DNA codes for proteins which forms a large portion of the human genome.

Solution:
DNA fingerprinting involves determining certain sequences in DNA called as repetitive sequences. These repetitive sequences are also referred to as satellite DNA which generally do not code for any protein but form a large portion of human genome.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about evolution.

Options:
A The Dinosaurs were suddenly disappeared from the earth about 65 million years ago.
B The first mammals were like shrews.
C The Neanderthal man with a brain size of 1400 cc lived in east and central Africa 75,000-10,000 years ago.
D The skull of baby chimpanzee is more like adult human skull.

The correct answer is:
The Neanderthal man with a brain size of 1400 cc lived in east and central Africa 75,000-10,000 years ago.

Solution:
The Neanderthal man with a brain size of 1400 cc lived in east and central Asia 1,00,000â40,000 years ago. They used hides to protect their body and buried their dead with flowers and tools. It is believed that they had some religion.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about In-vitro germination of pollen.

Options:
A It can be easily studied by dusting some pollen from flowers such as balsam on a glass slide.
B Germination generally requires about 45-60 minutes.
C 10% sucrose solution is required for the germination.
D Both (B) and (C)

The correct answer is:
Germination generally requires about 45-60 minutes.

Solution:
In-vitro pollen germination can be easily studied by dusting some pollen from flowers such as pea, chickpea, Crotalaria, balsam and Vinca on a glass slide containing a drop of sugar solution (about 10 percent). After about 15–30 minutes, observe the slide under the low power lens of the microscope.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about Liliaceae.

Options:
A Bisexual, zygomorphic flower
B Bisexual, actinomorphic flower
C Leaves are mostly basal, exstipulate with parallel venation
D Tepal shows valvate aestivation

The correct answer is:
Bisexual, zygomorphic flower

Solution:
Liliaceae is a monocot family in which root is fibrous and leaves shows parallel venation. Flower is bisexual and actinomorphic. Sepals and petals are not distinct and are completely fused as tepals, which generally shows valvate aestivation.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about MALT.

Options:
A It constitutes about 20% of lymphoid tissue in human body.
B It doesn't produces digestive enzymes.
C It stands for Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue.
D It is present in respiratory tract.

The correct answer is:
It constitutes about 20% of lymphoid tissue in human body.

Solution:
The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue initiates immune responses to specific antigens encountered along all mucosal surfaces. This tissue constitutes about 50% of the lymphoid tissue in human body.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about megaspore mother cell.

Options:
A It undergoes mitotic division.
B It undergoes meiotic division.
C It is a large cell containing dense cytoplasm.
D Generally, a single functional megaspore is produced from it.

The correct answer is:
It undergoes mitotic division.

Solution:
The Megaspore mother cell is a large cell that contains dense cytoplasm and they arise in the megasporangium tissue. These megaspore mother cells are present in the pistil that undergoes meiotic division and produce four haploid megaspores. One spore out of the four will develop into the female gametophyte that will be haploid in nature

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about multiple ovulation embryo transfer (MOET) technology.

Options:
A MOET is one of the programme for herd improvement and applied for cattle (including cows), buffaloes, sheep, goat, rabbit, mares etc.
B In this, a cow is administered hormones, with FSH like activity to induce follicular maturation and super ovulation.
C The fertilised eggs at 8-32 cells stages are recovered surgically and transferred to surrogate mother.
D This method is used to increase the herd size in a short time period.

The correct answer is:
The fertilised eggs at 8-32 cells stages are recovered surgically and transferred to surrogate mother.

Solution:
In multiple ovulation embryo transfer technology (MOET), instead of one egg, 6-8 eggs are produced per cycle (called multiple ovulation). After artificial or natural insemination, all these eggs are fertilised. These fertilised eggs at 8-32 cells stages are recovered non-surgically and transferred to surrogate mothers.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about nucleolus.

Options:
A It is membrane-less cell organelle.
B It is active site for m-RNA synthesis.
C These may be more than 1 in cells which are involved in active protein synthesis.
D Found in nucleus.

The correct answer is:
It is active site for m-RNA synthesis.

Solution:
Nucleolus: These membraneless and active site for rRNA synthesis. Nucleoli are found more than 1 and also larger in size if the cells are actively involved in protein synthesis.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about photoperiodism.

Options:
A The site of perception of light/dark duration are the leaves.
B Flowering in certain plants depends not only on a combination of light and dark exposures but also their relative durations.
C The hypothesised hormonal substance migrates from shoot apices to leaves for inducing flowering.
D Shoot apices modify themselves into flowering apices prior to flowering.

The correct answer is:
The hypothesised hormonal substance migrates from shoot apices to leaves for inducing flowering.

Solution:
The response of plants to periods of day/night is termed photoperiodism. It has been hypothesised that there is a hormonal substance(s) that is responsible for flowering. This hormonal substance migrates from leaves to shoot apices for inducing flowering only when the plants are exposed to the necessary inductive photoperiod.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about reproductive health:

Options:
A Nearly 45 to 50 millions MTPs are performed in a year all over the world.
B Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are also called venereal diseases (VD).
C The intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection, the technique involves in vitro fertilization.
D Inability to conceive or produce children even after 9 months of unprotected sex is called sterility.

The correct answer is:
Inability to conceive or produce children even after 9 months of unprotected sex is called sterility.

Solution:
Inability to conceive or produce children even after 2 years of unprotected sexual cohabitation is called infertility. The term infertility is not synonym of sterility, which means complete inability to produce offspring.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about the epithelial tissue.

Options:
A Epithelia possess a free surface.
B In epithelia, cells are loosely packed with some intercellular matrix.
C Epithelia is the covering or lining of some body parts.
D Origin of epithelial tissues may be ectodermal or mesodermal or endodermal.

The correct answer is:
In epithelia, cells are loosely packed with some intercellular matrix.

Solution:
Epithelial tissue (termed by Ruysch): Epithelia is the covering or lining of some body parts. Epithelia possess a free surface which faces an external environment or body fluid or any lumen in the body. In epithelia, cells are compactly packed with some intercellular matrix.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about the essential element:

I. The element may not be necessary for normal growth and reproduction.

II. The requirement of the element must be specific and is replaceable by another element.

III. The element must be directly involved in the metabolism of the plant.

IV. In the absence of the element, the plants do not complete their life cycle.

Options:
A I & II
B I & IV
C III & IV
D I & III

The correct answer is:
I & II

Solution:
Essential elements are the macro and the micronutrients which are necessary for the normal growth and reproduction of the plants. The requirement of these elements must be specific and cannot be replaced by any other element or any substitute. The elements are directly involved in the metabolism of the plant and the absence of these essential elements the plants fail to set the seeds and complete their life cycle.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about the following

Options:
A O3 molecular is angular in shape
B In O3 , O – O bond length is identical with that of molecular oxygen
C O3 is used as germicide for purification of air
D O3 is an oxidizing agent

The correct answer is:
In O3 , O – O bond length is identical with that of molecular oxygen

Solution:
In O3 , O – O bond length is not identical with that of molecular oxygen. It is found to be intermediate of O – O and O == O bond length. This arises due to resonance.

Rest all are correct features of ozone.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Select the incorrect statement about the methanogens.

Options:
A These belong to archaebacteria.
B These live in marshy areas.
C It produces biogas which is purely methane.
D These are found in the gut of ruminants.

The correct answer is:
It produces biogas which is purely methane.

Solution:
Methanogens are archaebacteria, which lives in marshy area nad produces methane. They causes anaerobic breakdown of organic matter to produce methane, they are commonly present in guts of ruminate animals and produces nixture of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen commonly known as biogas.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about the organism given in this diagram.

Options:
A Autotrophic in sunlight
B Heterotrophic in deprived sunlight
C Euglena are considered mixotrophs
D When acting as a heterotroph, it consumes food by pinocytosis.

The correct answer is:
When acting as a heterotroph, it consumes food by pinocytosis.

Solution:
Euglena is connecting link between plant and animal and has mixotropic mode of nutrition. In presence of sunlight they are photosynthetic and in absence of light they show holozoic nutrition. They are biflagellate having two unequal flagella. They are surrounded by protein rich layer called as a pellicle. When acting as a heterotroph, the Euglena surrounds the particle of food and consumes it by phagocytosis, or in other words, engulfing the food through its cell membrane. Euglena are considered mixotrophs, autotrophs in the light and heterotophs in the dark.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about the phylum in which Obelia is placed.

Options:
A They are mostly marine and radially symmetrical animals.
B They have presence of Cnidoblast.
C Some of the members shows metagenesis.
D They have a central gastro-vascular cavity with a single opening, mouth on osculum.

The correct answer is:
They have a central gastro-vascular cavity with a single opening, mouth on osculum.

Solution:
They have a central gastro-vascular cavity with a single opening, mouth on hypostome. Digestion is extracellular and intracellular.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about the reproductive system of male cockroach.

Options:
A Vasa deferentia - Open into the ejaculatory duct via seminal vesicle.
B Seminal vesicles - 1 pair
C Mushroom gland - It opens in phallic gland.
D Ejaculatory duct - Both seminal vesicles form a single ejaculatory duct.

The correct answer is:
Mushroom gland - It opens in phallic gland.

Solution:
The male reproductive system consists of a pair of testes one lying on each lateral side in the 4th-6th abdominal segments. From each testis arises a thin vas deferens, which opens into the ejaculatory duct through seminal vesicle. The ejaculatory duct opens into male gonopore situated ventral to the anus. A characteristic mushroom-shaped gland is present in the 6th-7th abdominal segments which function as an accessory reproductive gland. The external genitalia is represented by male gonapophysis or phallomere (chitinous asymmetrical structures, surrounding the male gonopore).

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about tRNA.

Options:
A tRNA possess an amino acid acceptor at 3' end for binding of amino acids.
B tRNA is also called soluble RNA.
C Only single tRNA exists for all 3 stop codons.
D tRNA possess an anticodon loop that has bases complementary to the code.

The correct answer is:
Only single tRNA exists for all 3 stop codons.

Solution:
tRNA has anticodon loop which has anticodons complementary to the codons of mRNA. Due to very small size tRNA is also called as soluble RNA. Amino acid binds to 3' end of tRNA. Three stop codons does not have any anticodons thus no tRNA is there for stop codons.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Select the incorrect statement about VNTRs.

Options:
A For performing DNA fingerprinting DNA is obtained from many cells.
B Polymerase chain reaction increases the sensitivity of VNTRs.
C VNTRs are also known as mini-satellites.
D Size ranges from 0.1 to 20 Kb.

The correct answer is:
For performing DNA fingerprinting DNA is obtained from many cells.

Solution:
DNA forms a double helical structure made up of two polynucleotide chains. The phosphate group is linked to 3' OH of the nucleotide by a phosphodiester bond. According to Chargaff's rule purines and pyrimidines are always equally present in DNA .

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Select the incorrect statement from the following.

Options:
A Through vaccines, antigenic proteins of pathogen or dead or weakened pathogens are introduced in the body.
B Anti-venom provides active immunity.
C Anti-histamines control allergy
D Both (a) and (b)

The correct answer is:
Anti-venom provides active immunity.

Solution:
Antivenom is prepared by injecting it into the domestic animal. On injecting the venom, the animal produces antivenom in response to the venom which is further extracted and purified. In cases of snakebites, the injection which is given to the patients, contains preformed antibodies against the snake venom. This type of immunization is called passive immunization.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET