datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which of the following is incorrect?

Options:
A Cuticle is present on the epidermis of both stems and roots.
B The outer walls of guard cells are convex and thin.
C In grasses the guard cells are dumb bell shaped.
D The trichomes are usually multicellular.

The correct answer is:
Cuticle is present on the epidermis of both stems and roots.

Solution:
A thick waxy layer called the cuticle which prevents the loss of water, covers the epidermis. Cuticle is present in stem but absent in roots. In grasses, the guard cells are dumb bell shaped. The outer walls of guard cells (away from the stomatal pore) are thin and the inner walls (towards the stomatal pore) are highly thickened. The guard cells possess chloroplasts and regulate the opening and closing of stomata. The epidermal hairs on stem are called trichomes. The trichomes in the shoot system are usually multicellular. They may be branched or unbranched and soft or stiff. They may even be secretory. The trichomes help in preventing water loss due to transpiration.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect?

Options:
A Water is more polar than H2S
B H2O2 is a planar molecule
C Heavy water is produced by the exhaustive electrolysis of water made acidic
D H2O2 acts both as oxidising as well as reducing agent in acidic medium

The correct answer is:
H2O2 is a planar molecule

Solution:
H2O2 adopts a non-planar structure. In the crystal , dihedral angle (111.5°) is reduced to 90.2°, because of H-bonding.
A. H2O is more polar than H2S , because O-H bond is more polar than S-H bond.
C. D2O is produced by repeated electrolysis of ordinary water.
D. (i) H2O2+2H++2e-→2H2O (Oxidising character)
(ii) H2O2→O2+2H++2e- (Reducing character).

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect?

Options:
A Double fertilization is characteristics of angiosperm
B Double fertilization was discovered by Nawaschin
C Pollen tube shows apical growth and chemotropic movement
D Wind pollination is common in legumes

The correct answer is:
Wind pollination is common in legumes

Solution:
Double fertilization is the characteristics of angiosperm which was discovered by Nawaschin in plant Lilium and Fritillaria. Double fertilization includes syngamy and triple fusion. Pollen tube shows apical growth and chemotropic movement control by the filiform apparatus of synergid. Wind pollination is quite common in grasses. In legumes, flower has vexillary aestivation and shows self-pollination.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect?

Options:
A Double fertilization is characteristics of angiosperm.
B Double fertilization was discovered by Nawaschin.
C Pollen tube shows apical growth and chemotropic movement.
D Basal part of ovule is called as micropyle.

The correct answer is:
Basal part of ovule is called as micropyle.

Solution:
Ovule is female gametophyte which is surrounded by coverings called as integuments. Opening in integument is called as micropyle and opposite to micropyle is the basal part of ovule known as chalaza or chalazal end of ovule.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect?

Options:
A When NO2 is dissolved in cold water, a mixture of nitrous and nitric acid is formed
B When NO2 is dissolved in hot water, the same reaction occurs as that in cold water
C N2O5 is made by the reaction of P4O10 with nitric acid vapours
D NO2 is very corrosive gas and reacts directly with a number of metals

The correct answer is:
When NO2 is dissolved in hot water, the same reaction occurs as that in cold water

Solution:
Here statement in option B is incorrect as
With cold water, it gives HNO2 and HNO3
2NO2+H2O→HNO2+HNO3
But with warm water, it gives HNO3 and NO.
3NO2+H2O→2HNO3+NO
Rest other statements are correct.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Which of the following is INCORRECT about a cockroach?

Options:
A In females, a pair of spermatheca is present in the 6th segment which opens into the genital chamber.
B Male genital pouch is present dorsal to anus and contain male genital pore and gonapophysis.
C The heart is differentiated into funnel shaped chambers with ostia on either side.
D Blood vascular system is open type in which blood from sinuses enter heart through ostia and pumped anteriorly.

The correct answer is:
Male genital pouch is present dorsal to anus and contain male genital pore and gonapophysis.

Solution:
Cockroaches are brown/black bodied animals from class Insecta of Phylum Arthropoda. They have well developed reproductive organs in both sexes. Male reproductive system consists of a pair of testes on each lateral side. From each testis arises a thin vas deferens, which opens into ejaculatory duct through seminal vesicle that opens into male gonopore situated ventral to anus. The genetelia are external and represented by male gonapophysis.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about allergy?

Options:
A Allergy is the exaggerated response of the immune system to certain antigens present in the environment.
B Allergy is due to the release of chemicals like histamine from the eosinophils.
C The antibodies produced in allergies are of IgE type.
D Steroidal drugs give quick relief from allergies.

The correct answer is:
Allergy is due to the release of chemicals like histamine from the eosinophils.

Solution:
Histamine and serotonin are chemicals released during an allergic response. They are chemical mediators. They are secreted by the mast cells. The use of drugs like anti-histamine, adrenalin and steroids quickly reduce the symptoms of allergy.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about bond length?

Options:
A C–H>O–H
B C–O>N–O
C C–C>C–N
D C–O>C–N

The correct answer is:
C–O>C–N

Solution:
Correct Option is : 4
C–O>C–N

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about cancer?

Options:
A Metastasis is seen only in the case of a malignant tumor.
B The activation of c-onc genes leads to development of tumors.
C The patients are given substances called biological response modifiers such as alpha-interferons which activates their immune system and helps in destroying the tumor.
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
None of the above

Solution:
Cells sloughed from such tumors reach distant sites through blood, and wherever they get lodged in the body, they start a new tumor there. This property called metastasis is the most feared property of malignant tumors.
Several genes called cellular oncogenes (c-onc) or proto-oncogenes are found in normal cells which, when activated under certain conditions, could lead to oncogenic transformation of the cells.
The patients are given substances called biological response modifiers such as alpha-interferon which activates their immune system and helps in destroying the tumor.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about Cynobacteria?

Options:
A They are photoautotrophs
B They lack heterocysts
C They often form blooms in polluted water bodies
D They have chlorophyll-a similar to green plants

The correct answer is:
They lack heterocysts

Solution:
The cyanobacteria or blue-green algae (BGA) have chlorophyll-a similar to green plants and are photosynthetic autotrophs. The BGA are unicellular, colonial or filamentous, freshwater, marine or terrestrial algae. The colonies are generally surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. They often form blooms in polluted water bodies. Some of these organisms can fix atmospheric nitrogen in a specialised cells called heterocysts.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
Which of the following is incorrect about Darwinian variations?

Options:
A Results in gradual evolution
B Small variations
C Directional variations
D Discontinuous variations

The correct answer is:
Discontinuous variations

Solution:
Mutation: Mutations are also known as discontinuous variations. Experiments on microbes show that pre-existing advantageous mutations help the organisms to get selected and the result is observed in new phenotypes. This may lead to speciation over a few generations. The concept of discontinuous variation was given by Hugo de Vries.
Darwinism consider the accumulation of small, directional and continuous variation among the organisms of a species that results in speciation gradually.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about genetically modified crops?

Options:
A GMO crops have increased the efficiency of mineral usage by plants.
B Transgenic crops are more tolerant to abiotic stress.
C GMO crops have reduced reliance on chemical pesticides.
D Biofortified golden rice having high vitamin A content is an example of this.

The correct answer is:
Biofortified golden rice having high vitamin A content is an example of this.

Solution:
Breeding is a conventional technique used to improve traits in hybrid varieties. Several disease-resistant varieties, insect-resistant plants, plants resistant to environmental stress and biofortification are obtained through this. Biofortified golden rice having high vitamin A content is an example of this.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about glucose?

Options:
A It is a monosaccharide
B It is also known as dextrose
C It has 6C-atoms
D It is a Ketohexose

The correct answer is:
It is a Ketohexose

Solution:
Correct Option is : 4
It is a Ketohexose

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about glycogen?

Options:
A It is a stored form of glucose in animals.
B In glycogen, the right end is reducing and the left end is non-reducing.
C It is a branched polymer of glucose.
D It is a stored form of glucose in plants.

The correct answer is:
It is a stored form of glucose in plants.

Solution:
In plants glucose is stored in the form of starch, whereas in animals glucose is stored as glycogen. Glycogen is branched polymer of glucose in which right end is called as reducing end and left end is nonreducing end.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following is INCORRECT about glycogen?

Options:
A It is a stored form of glucose in animals
B In glycogen, right end is reducing and left end is non-reducing
C It is a branched polymer of glucose
D It is a good reducing agent

The correct answer is:
It is a good reducing agent

Solution:
Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon. These are classified as Monosaccharides, Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides. Polysaccharides can be homopolysaccharides if these are made up of same sugar unit and are heteropolysaccharides if these have more than one sugar unit. Examples of homopolysaccharides are Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose, Chitin, etc. Glycogen is made up of many glucose units. It is the stored form of sugar in animals and hence is also known as animal starch. In the structure, the right end is known as reducing end and the left end is non reducing end. Reducing sugars have free aldehyde or ketone group, while non-reducing sugars have no free group. Glycogen has no free groups and hence are reducing sugars.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about Klinefelter's syndrome?

Options:
A A chromosomal disorder
B Karyotype of 44 + XXY
C Gynaecomastia
D Fertile males

The correct answer is:
Fertile males

Solution:
Klinefelter syndrome is a chromosomal disorder cause by nondisjunction of chromosome during meiosis. Klinefelter male are generally infertile and show enlargement of breast tissues called as gynaecomastia due to one extra X chromosome.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about Lamarckism?

Options:
A Absence of all the four limbs amongst snakes.
B Exceptionally long neck of giraffe.
C An intellectual parents having a dull daughter
D Loss of vision in cave-dwelling mammals.

The correct answer is:
An intellectual parents having a dull daughter

Solution:
Lamarck gave the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics wherein the organism can pass on the physical characteristics acquired during its lifetime via use and disuse to its offspring. Hence, the giraffe has a long neck due to the regular use of stretching the neck to reach the leaves at the top part of the plant/tree. His theory was used to explain the loss in vision in cave dwelling mammals due to their less use of eyes and more use of other senses in low light condition.
Although, it could not explain the suppression of intellectual capacity in offspring of a very intellect individual because the theory suggests that whichever ability is more used is passed to the next generation.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about methanogens?

Options:
A They are archaebacteria.
B They live in marshy area.
C Methane is their preferred carbon source.
D They persist in guts of several ruminate animals and they produces biogas from their dung.

The correct answer is:
Methane is their preferred carbon source.

Solution:
Methanogens are archaebacteria, which lives in the marshy area and produces methane. They cause the anaerobic breakdown of organic matter to produce methane, they are commonly present in guts of ruminate animals and produce a mixture of methane, carbondioxide, and hydrogen commonly known as biogas.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about nucleosome?

Options:
A Histones are organized to form a unit of eight molecules called a histone octamer
B The negatively charged DNA is wrapped around the positively charged histone octamer.
C Nucleosomes constitute the repeating unit of a structure in nucleus called chromatin
D The nucleosomes in chromatin are seen as 'Beads on string' structure when viewed under light microscope.

The correct answer is:
The nucleosomes in chromatin are seen as 'Beads on string' structure when viewed under light microscope.

Solution:
The nucleosome chain represents 'beads on string'-like structure (representing chromatin) when viewed under electron microscope. This chromatin undergoes further coiling to form chromatin fibres. These chromatin fibres undergo further coiling to form chromosomes, which are distinctly visible during metaphase of cell division.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about ozone?

i. The bad ozone is found in the upper part of atmosphere
ii. Thickness is measured in terms of Dobson units
iii. Ozone gas is formed by action on UV rays on molecular oxygen
iv. Ophthalmic problems may increase with ozone depletion

Options:
A iii only
B i and iv
C i ii and iii
D i only

The correct answer is:
i only

Solution:
Good ozone found in upper part of atmosphere called as stratosphere absorbs UV radiation from sunlight which are injurious to living organisms. Bad ozone is formed in the lower atmosphere (troposphere). Ozone is formed by action of UV rays on molecular oxygen. Ozone is measured from top to bottom in Dobson units. Due to ozone depletion there is increased risk of ophthalmic (eye) problems such as inflammation of cornea known as snow blindness, cataract and permanent damage of cornea due to absorption of UV radiation.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about plant hormones?

Options:
A They influence plant growth and development at low concentrations.
B Abscisic acid is growth retarding hormone
C They are organic compounds.
D Ethylene decreases the respiration rate in fruits.

The correct answer is:
Ethylene decreases the respiration rate in fruits.

Solution:
Ethylene is highly effective in fruit ripening. It enhances the respiration rate during the ripening of the fruits. This rise in the rate of respiration is called respiratory climactic.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about radii of lanthanoids?

Options:
A r Ce3+> r Pr3+
B r Ce3+> r Ce4+
C r Sm2+>r Sm 3+
D r Sm2+> r Eu2+

The correct answer is:
r Sm2+>r Sm 3+

Solution:
Correct Option is : 3
r Sm2+>r Sm 3+

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about the chromosomal theory of inheritance?

Options:
A It was proposed by Sutton and Boveri in 1902.
B The pairing and separation of a pair of chromosomes would lead to the segregation of a pair of factors they carried.
C The behaviour of chromosomes was non-parallel to the behaviour of genes and used chromosome movement to explain Mendelâs laws
D Sutton united the knowledge of chromosomal segregation with Mendelian principles and called it the chromosomal theory of inheritance.

The correct answer is:
The behaviour of chromosomes was non-parallel to the behaviour of genes and used chromosome movement to explain Mendel’s laws

Solution:
By 1902, the chromosome movement during meiosis had been worked out. Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri noted that the behaviour of chromosomes was parallel to the behaviour of genes and used chromosome movement to explain Mendelâs laws. Sutton and Boveri argued that the pairing and separation of a pair of chromosomes would lead to the segregation of a pair of factors they carried. Sutton united the knowledge of chromosomal segregation with Mendelian principles and called it the chromosomal theory of inheritance.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance?

Options:
A Genes occur in pair.
B Pairing and separation of a pair of chromosomes lead to the segregation of a factor they carried.
C Behaviour of chromosomes is parallel to the behaviour of genes.
D The two alleles of a genes pair are located on same gene locus.

The correct answer is:
Pairing and separation of a pair of chromosomes lead to the segregation of a factor they carried.

Solution:
Sutton and Boveri argued that the pairing and separation of a pair of chromosomes would lead to the segregation of a pair of factors they carried. Sutton united the knowledge of chromosomal segregation with Mendelian principles and called it the chromosomal theory of inheritance. By 1902, the chromosome movement during meiosis had been worked out. Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri noted that the behaviour of chromosomes was parallel to the behaviour of genes and used chromosome movement to explain Mendel's laws. The important things to remember are that chromosomes as well as genes occur in pairs. The two alleles of a gene pair are located on homologous sites on homologous chromosomes.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about the excretory system of human?

Options:
A About 10 million nephrons are found in each kidney.
B The right kidney is located lower than that of the left kidney.
C Ultrafiltration occurs at the level of Bowman's capsule.
D Longer the loop of Henle more will be the concentration of urine.

The correct answer is:
About 10 million nephrons are found in each kidney.

Solution:
About 1 million nephrons are found in each kidney in the human body. The right kidney is located about 2.5 cm lower than that of the left kidney as the liver is present on the right side just below the diaphragm. Bowman's capsule is the only site for ultrafiltration. Length of the loop of Henle is directly proportional to the concentration of urine.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about the Homo habilis?

Options:
A It is considered to be evolved after Australopithecus.
B It was the first hominid.
C Cranial capacity was around 650-800cc.
D It was absolutely carnivorous.

The correct answer is:
It was absolutely carnivorous.

Solution:
Homo habilis was the first human-like being: the hominid. Cranial capacity was 650â800cc, and probably they did not eat meat.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about the human endocrine system?

Options:
A Hormones are non-nutrient chemical substances that only act as extracellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts.
B The pars distalis region of a gland situated in the sella turcica, is responsible for secretion of the hormone which induces ovulation.
C Diabetes mellitus is a disorder caused due to decreased secretion of hormones from the alpha cells of the Islet of Langerhans of the pancreas.
D The juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney produce a steroid hormone called erythropoietin, which stimulates erythropoiesis.

The correct answer is:
The pars distalis region of a gland situated in the sella turcica, is responsible for secretion of the hormone which induces ovulation.

Solution:
1. Hormones are non-nutrient chemical substances which act as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts
2. The gland situated in the sella turscia, a bony cavity, is the pituitary gland. The pars distalis is a region of the anterior pituitary. It is responsible for secretion of Luteinizing Hormone (LH), the hormone responsible for induction of ovulation.
3. Diabetes mellitus is a disorder caused due to decreased secretion of hormones from the beta cells of the Islet of Langerhans of the pancreas, which isa hetrocrine gland i.e. a gland having both endocrine and exocrine function.
4. The juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney produce a peptide hormone called erythropoietin, which stimulates erythropoiesis.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about the life cycle in Volvox?

Options:
A Sporophytic generation is represented only by the two-celled zygote.
B Meiosis in the zygote results in the formation of haploid spores.
C All the sporophytes are free-living.
D The dominant, photosynthetic phase is the free-living sporophyte.

The correct answer is:
Meiosis in the zygote results in the formation of haploid spores.

Solution:
Sporophytic generation is represented only by the one-celled zygote. There are no free-living sporophytes. Meiosis in the zygote results in the formation of haploid spores. The haploid spores divide mitotically and form the gametophyte. The dominant, photosynthetic phase in such plants is the free-living gametophyte. This kind of life cycle is termed as haplontic. Many algae such as Volvox, Spirogyra and some species of Chlamydomonas represent this pattern

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Options:
A P680 and P700 are the reaction centres of PS-I and PS-II respectively.
B Light energy provides energy for the photolysis of water through excitation of the reaction center of PS-II.
C NADPH is not produced in cyclic electrons transport in light reaction.
D Reactions of the two photosystems are needed for the reduction of NADP.

The correct answer is:
P680 and P700 are the reaction centres of PS-I and PS-II respectively.

Solution:
In photosystem-I (PS-I), the photocenter is a special chlorophyll-a molecule called P700. It is active in both red and far-red light, while a very small amount of special form of chlorophyll-a called P680 constitutes the reaction center of photosystem-II (PS-II), which is inactive in far-red light (beyond 680 nm).

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about the second enthalpy of ionization?

Options:
A Cr < Mn
B Ni < Cu
C Co < Ni
D V < Cr

The correct answer is:
Cr < Mn

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
Cr < Mn

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Which of the following is incorrect about the skeletal muscle?

Options:
A Not under direct control of CNS
B These are primarily involved in locomotion
C Voluntary nature
D Possess stripped appearance

The correct answer is:
Voluntary nature

Solution:
Characteristics of skeletal muscles
- These are closely associated with the skeletal components of the body.
- A type of striated muscles (have striped appearance under the microscope)
- These are primarily involved in locomotory actions and changes of body postures.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET