datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Read the following statements and mark the incorrect statement regarding cardiac muscle.

Options:
A It is a contractile tissue present in heart
B They are not under the control of will of the animals
C They show relatively rapid contraction
D Muscle fibres are multinucleated

The correct answer is:
Muscle fibres are multinucleated

Solution:
The muscles in our body are divided into three groups: Skeletal muscles, Smooth muscles and Cardiac muscles. Skeletal muscles are voluntary and striated. Smooth muscles are involuntary and non striated. Cardiac muscles are related to heart. These are structurally similar to skeletal muscles but functionally similar to smooth muscles. Structural similarities include presence of striations and peripheral nuclei. Similarities between smooth and cardiac muscles is both are involuntary and show uninucleate fibres.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Read the following statements and select the CORRECT ones

(i) Phloem parenchyma is absent in most monocots.
(ii) Gymnosperms lack tracheids and vessels.
(iii) Gymnosperms lack companion cells.

Options:
A (i) and (ii)
B (ii) and (iii)
C (i) and (iii)
D (i), (ii) and (iii)

The correct answer is:
(i) and (iii)

Solution:
In Angiosperms phloem consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres. Food material and other substances (Resin, mucilage and latex) are stored in phloem parenchyma. Phloem parenchyma is absent in monocots. Sieve tubes and companion cells are absent in Gymnosperms. Albuminous cells and sieve cells are present in gymnosperms.
Xylem consists of tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres. Vessels are absent in gymnosperms but elongated and tube like tracheids are present.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Read the following statements and select the correct option:-

A. Gymnosperm does not show xerophytic character.
B. In Cycas, coralloid roots are associated with fungi.
C. All gymnosperms are heterosporous.
D. In conifers, needle-like leaves reduce the surface area.

How many above statements are correct?

Options:
A A, B and C
B B, C and D
C C and D
D A and D

The correct answer is:
C and D

Solution:
Gymnosperm grows in the temperate snow-covered area which is physiologically dry thus they show xerophytic adaptations. In Cycas, coralloid roots are associated with blue-green algae. All gymnosperms are heterosporous as they produce two types of spores, smaller microspores and large megaspores. In conifers, leaves are modified into pointed needles to reduce surface area.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Read the following statements and select the correct option.

(I) E.coli cloning vector pBR322 have several restriction sites, ori, antibiotic resistance genes and rop.
(II) Competent bacterial cells cannot take up foreign DNA.
(III) In elution, the separated bands of DNA are cut out from agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece.
(IV) The downstream processing and quality control testing vary from product to product.

Options:
A All sentences are correct
B (I) and (III) are correct
C Except (II), all are correct
D Only (III) is correct

The correct answer is:
Except (II), all are correct

Solution:
Vector pBR 322 have 8 restriction enzyme recognition site, ori, antibiotic resistant genes (Amphicilin and tertacyclin) which function as selectable marker and rop. Competent bacterial cell can take up foregin DNA. The extraction of DNA from gel block after gel electrophoresis is called as elution.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Read the following statements and select the correct option:

I. In the skeletal muscle fibre, a large number of myofilaments are arranged in the sarcoplasm.
II. The central part of an anisotropic band where the only thick filament is present and thin filament is absent is called 'A' band.
III. In the resting state, a tropomyosin protein masks the active binding sites for myosin on the actin filaments.
IV. The junction between a motor neuron and the sarcolemma of the muscle fibre is called motor-end plate.

Options:
A I, II and IV are true
B II, III and IV are true
C I and IV are true
D Only IV is true

The correct answer is:
I and IV are true

Solution:
The light bands contain actin and is called I-band or Isotropic band, whereas the dark band called âAâ or Anisotropic band contains myosin. Both the proteins are arranged as rod-like structures, parallel to each other and also to the longitudinal axis of the myofibrils. Actin filaments are thinner as compared to the myosin filaments, hence are commonly called thin and thick filaments respectively.
The central part of anisotropic or A band where only thick or myosin filament is present and thin or actin filament is absent is called 'H' zone. In the middle of this zone a thin fibrous membrane 'M' line is present. In a resting state, the edges of thin filaments on either side of the thick filaments partially overlap the free ends of the thick filaments leaving the central part of the thick filaments. The H zone is not overlapped by the thin filaments.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Read the following statements and select the correct options. I. Plasma without blood clotting factors is called serum. II. Neutrophils and monocytes are phagocytic cells. III. Eosinophils are associated with allergic reactions. IV. Sodium ions play a significant role in clotting

Options:
A Only IV is correct
B Both I and II are correct
C Only I is correct
D Only IV is incorrect

The correct answer is:
Only IV is incorrect

Solution:
Calcium ions play a significant role in clotting.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Read the following statements and select the correct statements.

(i) DFC begins with dead inorganic matter.
(ii) DFC is the major conduit for energy flow in a terrestrial ecosystem
(ii) GFC of aquatic ecosystem is longer than a terrestrial ecosystem.
(iv) DFC and GFC are completely separate chains.

Options:
A (i) and (ii)
B (ii) and (iii)
C (iii) and (iv)
D (i) and (v)

The correct answer is:
(ii) and (iii)

Solution:
DFC is longer than GFC in terrestrial ecosystem while GFC is longer than DFC in aquatic ecosystem. Detritus is more in terrestrial ecosystem and less in aquatic ecosystem.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Read the following statements and select the incorrect statements.

(i) The cytoplasmic increase is not a discontinuous process

(ii) The cell cycle is not a genetically controlled process

(iii) Synthesis phase synthesizes cell organelles only

(iv) Interphase is not metabolically inactive

Options:
A (i) and (ii)
B (ii) and (iii)
C (iii) and (iv)
D (iii) and (i)

The correct answer is:
(ii) and (iii)

Solution:
Cell growth during cell division is a continuous process and occurs through cell cycle, but interphase is the metabolically the most active phase. The cell cycle is a genetically controlled process. Synthesis of organelle occurs during the G1 phase and DNA replication occurs only during S-phase of the cell cycle.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Read the following statements and select the option which CORRECTLY identifies the INCORRECT ones.

(i) Potato spindle tuber disease is caused by viroids.
(ii) Viruses cause diseases like common cold, herpes and AIDS.
(iii) Mycoplasma is prokaryotic organisms that completely lack a cell wall.
(iv) In Ascomycetes, the asexual spores are conidia produced endogenously on the special mycelium called conidiophores

Options:
A (ii) and (iii)
B (i) and (iv)
C (iii) only
D (iv) only

The correct answer is:
(iv) only

Solution:
Ascomycetes are fungi which have asexual spores called conidia which are produced exogenously on the mycelium called conidiophores.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Read the following statements and select the true (T) or false (F) statement.

A. The notochord is an ectodermal derived rod-like structure in chordates.

B. Platyhelminthes are triploblastic and pseudocoelomate animals.

C. The alternation of generation in Obelia is called Metastasis.

D. In Ctenophora, only sexual mode of reproduction is observed.

Options:
A

A	B	C	D
F	F	T	T

B

A	B	C	D
T	T	F	F

C

A	B	C	D
F	F	F	T

D

A	B	C	D
T	F	F	F

The correct answer is:

A	B	C	D
F	F	F	T

Solution:
Notochord is amesodermally derived rod like structure in chordates.
Platyhelminthes are triploblastic and acoelomate animals. Aschelminthes are triploblastic and pesudocoelomate animals. The alternation of generation in Obelia is called Metagenesis.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Read the following statements and state how many of the given statements are incorrect?

P. Each female foetus possess a couple of million gamete mother cells.
Q. Spermatogenesis starts at puberty.
R. In semen, at least 40% sperms should have a normal shape for fertility.

Options:
A None
B One
C Two
D Three

The correct answer is:
Two

Solution:
P. Each female foetus possess a couple of million gamete mother cells per ovary.
R. In semen, at least 60% sperms should have normal shape for fertility.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Read the following statements and state how many of them are true?

(P) Primary succession, is a very slow process, taking thousands of years for the climax to be reached.

(Q) All succession whether taking place in water or land proceeds to a similar climax community, the mesic.

(R) As succession proceeds, the number and types of animals and decomposers also change.

(S) Saprophytes are not given any place in the ecological pyramids as they play no role in the ecosystem.

Options:
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4

The correct answer is:
3

Solution:
When one species occupy an area leading to declining or disappearance of other species; this changes in composition of species in any given area is called ecological succession. When succession occurs in an area where no living organism ever existed; it is called Primary Succession. There has to be soil for a biotic community to be established and it takes a hundred to thousand years for fertile soil to be produced hence, primary succession take is a slow process. Hydrarch succession taking place in water as well as xeric conditions taking place in dry areas, both proceed to mesic conditions that are neither too dry nor wet. Saprophytes though play a vital role, of degrading dead matter, in an ecosystem are not given any place in an ecological pyramid.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Read the following statements below.

I. All the carbon compounds that we get from living tissues can be called 'biomolecules'.
II. The ash formed after burning a tissue contains inorganic and organic substances.
III. Beta amino acids are used by the cells to form proteins.

Identify the true and false statements.

Options:
A I-True, II-True, III- True
B I-True, II-False, III- False
C I-False, II-False, III-False
D I-False, II-True, III- False

The correct answer is:
I-True, II-False, III- False

Solution:
After burning a living tissue, the ash contains only inorganic substances as inorganic substance are easily burnt and destroyed. Alpha amino acids are used by the cells to form proteins. They are called alpha amino acids, as amino and carboxyl groups are present on the same carbon called alpha carbon.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Read the following statements carefully:

(1) Gap junction facilitates the cells to communicate with each other by connecting the cytoplasm of two adjoining cells.
(2) Adhering junctions help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue.
(3) Compound epithelium covers the dry surface of the skin only and provides protection against chemical and mechanical stresses.
(4) Most of the bones in vertebrates embryos are replaced by cartilages in adults.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

Options:
A Four
B Three
C One
D Two

The correct answer is:
Two

Solution:
Gap junctions facilitate the cells to communicate with each other by connecting the cytoplasm of adjoining cells for the rapid transfer of molecules and ions. Tight junctions help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue, whereas adhering junctions perform cementing to keep neighboring cells together. Compound epithelium covers the dry surface of the skin as well as the moist surface of the buccal cavity, pharynx, and inner lining of ducts of glands. In vertebrates, most of the cartilages present in the embryonic stage are replaced by bones in adults.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Read the following statements carefully:

A. Smack is chemically diacetylmorphine which is a white, odourless, bitter crystalline compounds.
B. Crack is a coca alkaloid, is obtained from coca plant Theobroma cocoa, and is usually snorted.
C. Smoking is associated with an increased risk of cancer of the lung.
D. The chronic use of drugs and alcohol damages the nervous system and liver.

Choose the correct statements only.

Options:
A B, C, D
B A, C, D
C A, B, C
D C, D only

The correct answer is:
A, C, D

Solution:
Coca alkaloid or cocaine is obtained from coca plant Erythroxylum coca, native to South America. Cocaine, commonly called coke or crack is usually snorted. It interferes with the dopamine neurotransmitter. It has potent stimulating action on CNS, producing sense of euphoria and increased energy.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Read the following statements carefully:

A. The diffusion membrane is made up of three major cellular layers.
B. The partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in mmHg are the same for both deoxygenated blood and tissue.

Select the correct option about the above statements.

Options:
A Statement A is correct but B is incorrect
B Statement B is correct but A is incorrect
C Both A and B are correct
D Both A and B are incorrect

The correct answer is:
Statement B is correct but A is incorrect

Solution:
The diffusion membrane is made up of three major layers, which includes thin squamous epithelium of alveoli, the endothelium of alveolar capillaries and the basement membrane in between them. Therefore, diffusion membrane has only two cellular layers.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Read the following statements carefully and find the incorrect statements:

A. More than 1 percent impurities make domestic sewage unfit for human use.
B. Less BOD causes mortality of fish and other aquatic creatures.
C. Presence of large amounts of nutrients in water also causes excessive growth of planktonic algae, called an algal bloom.
D. Algal bloom causes deterioration of the water quality and decreases fish mortality.
E. Some bloom-forming algae are extremely toxic to human beings and animals.
F. Eichhornia crassipes is the world's most problematic aquatic weed.

Options:
A A, C, E and F
B C, E and F
C A, B and D
D All are correct

The correct answer is:
A, B and D

Solution:
A mere 0.1 per cent impurities make domestic sewage unfit for human use. BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) is considered a measure of the amount of organic matter present in polluted water. So if BOD is more then fishes and aquatic creatures cannot survive. Algal bloom causes deterioration of the water and increase their mortality.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Read the following statements carefully and select the correct option.

(a) In zoological parks, conditions similar to natural habitats are provided to the animals.
(b) Keys are generally analytical in nature.
(c) In a herbarium sheet, local names are not mentioned.
(d) Taxonomical aids are useful in knowing bioresources.

Options:
A Only (a) and (b)
B (a), (c) and (d)
C (a), (b) and (d)
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
(a), (b) and (d)

Solution:
Zoological Parks are protected areas where wild animals are protected by providing conditions as close as possible to natural habitats for public exhibition, for understanding wildlife, recreation and education under ex-situ conservation.
Keys are devices used for identification. They are based on contrasting characters, and separate taxonomic keys are required for each taxonomic category such as family, genus, species. Key is generally analytical in nature and represented by the choice made between two opposite options (contrasting characters). Only one is accepted and the other is rejected.
Herbarium sheets provide common names of the plants.
Taxonomical Aids: Several aids help in taxonomic studies such as herbaria, botanical gardens, museums, zoological parks, monographs, etc. which are helpful in the study of various species of plants, animals and other organisms (that are used in agriculture, forestry, industry) to know bio-resources and biodiversity. Intensive laboratory and field studies are required for the identification of organisms.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Read the following statements carefully:

I. All locomotions are movements but all movements are not locomotions.
II. Cells of the human body can exhibit amoeboid, ciliary and muscular movements but no flagellar movement.
III. About 20-30 per cent of the body weight of a human adult is contributed by muscles.
IV. Striated visceral muscles are involved in the transportation of food through the digestive tract and gametes through the genital tract.

How many statements from the above are incorrect?

Options:
A Three
B Four
C Two
D One

The correct answer is:
Three

Solution:
Non-striated, smooth/visceral muscles are involved in transportation of food through the digestive tract and gametes through the genital tract. About 40-50 percent of the body weight of a human adult is contributed by muscles.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Read the following statements carefully:

(i) Primary succession is a very slow process taking thousands of years for the climax to be reached.
(ii) The energy at a higher trophic level is always more than at a lower level.
(iii) Bacterial and fungal enzymes degrade detritus into simpler inorganic substances. This process is called fragmentation.
(iv) All succession, whether taking place in water or on land, proceeds to a similar climax community: the mesic condition.

Which of the two above statements are correct?

Options:
A (i) and (ii)
B (ii) and (iii)
C (i) and (iv)
D (iii) and (iv)

The correct answer is:
(i) and (iv)

Solution:
Pyramid of energy is always upright and can never be inverted because when energy flows from a particular trophic level to the next trophic level, some energy is always lost as heat at each step. Addionally, energy at a lower trophic level is always more than at a higher level.
Detritivores (e.g., earthworm) break down detritus into smaller particles. This process is called fragmentation. Bacterial and fungal enzymes degrade detritus into simpler inorganic substances. This process is called catabolism.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Read the following statements carefully:

(i) Urge for eating and drinking as well as body temperature is controlled by the hypothalamus.

(ii) The limbic system alone involved in the regulation of sexual behavior, expression of emotions, and excitement.

(iii) The presence of four round swellings called corpora quadrigemina on the ventral portion of the midbrain is the characteristic feature of the human brain.

(iv) Cerebellum has a very convoluted surface in order to provide additional space for many neurons.

How many statements from the above is/are correct?

Options:
A Four
B One
C Two
D Three

The correct answer is:
Two

Solution:
Limbic system along with hypothalamus, involved in the regulation of sexual behaviour, expression of emotions, excitement and motivation.
The presence of four round swellings called corpora quadrigemina on dorsal portion of the mid brain is the characteristic feature of human brain.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Read the following statements for lac operon:

i. Each operon has its specific operator and specific repressor.
ii. The y gene codes for permease, which increases the permeability of the cell to beta-galactoside.
iii. Regulation of lac operon can be visualized as regulation of enzyme synthesis by its substrate.

Select the option with the correct statements.

Options:
A All statements are correct.
B All statements are incorrect.
C Only i is correct and ii & iii are incorrect.
D Only i & iii are correct.

The correct answer is:
All statements are correct.

Solution:
The lac operon is a gene system characterized in Escherichia coli for the regulation of the gene for the utilization of lactose. Lac operon genes Z, Y, and A represent the genes whose products are involved in digesting lactose. In the normal condition, the genes do not function because a repressor protein is active and bound to the DNA preventing transcription. When the repressor protein is bound to the DNA, RNA polymerase cannot bind to the DNA. The protein must be removed before the genes can be transcribed. The repressor protein is produced by a regulator gene. The region of DNA where the repressor protein binds is the operator site. The promoter site is a region of DNA where RNA polymerase can bind. The entire unit (promoter, operator, and genes) is an operon.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Read the following statements given about organism formed by association of the phycobiont and mycobiont and identify the true ones.

I. Lichens are mutually beneficial symbiotic associations.

II. They grow extensively in areas with high pollution, hence called as pollution indicators.

III. The phycobiont member, algae, is an autotroph and the mycobiont member, fungi, is a heterotroph.

IV. Fungi helps the algae harvest sunlight for photosynthesis.

Options:
A II and III
B I and III
C I, II and III
D III and IV

The correct answer is:
I and III

Solution:
Lichens are a symbiotic association of the algae (phycobiont) and fungi (mycobiont). The algal partner produces food and the fungal partner provides protection to the algae. The fungi also help in absorption of minerals and water. Lichens generally do not grow in polluted areas, hence they are good indicators of pollution.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Read the following statements having two blanks (A) and (B):
"Function of.......(A)......... is to move particles in a specific direction over the epithelium. They are present in the inner surface of hollow organs like.......(B)......

Select the one option which is correct for both the blanks.

Options:
A

Blank-A	Blank-B

Cilia	Fallopian tube

B

Blank-A	Blank-B
Microvilli	Pharynx

C

Blank-A	Blank-B
Steriocilia	Epididymis

D

Blank-A	Blank-B
Microvilli	PCT

The correct answer is:

Blank-A	Blank-B

Cilia	Fallopian tube

Solution:
Ciliated epithelium is a special type of cuboidal or columnar epithelial cell that bears cilia. They beat in rhythmical fashion and move mucus of particle in a specific direction over the epithelium. Ciliated epithelium is present in the inner lining of hollow organs such as fallopian tube and bronchioles.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET