datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
The term 'biodiversity' was given by

Options:
A Alexander von Humboldt
B Edward Wilson
C David Tilman
D Paul Ehrlich

The correct answer is:
Edward Wilson

Solution:
Biodiversity is the term popularized by the sociobiologist Edward Wilson to describe the combined diversity at all levels of biological organization. Immense diversity (heterogeneity) exists in our biosphere, not only at the species level but at all the levels of biological organization ranging from the macromolecules within cells to biomes. The most important types of biodiversity are genetic diversity, species diversity and ecological diversity.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
The term "biodiversity" was popularized by

Options:
A Humboldt, a Geologist
B Edward Wilson, a Sociobiologist
C Robert may, a Environmentalist
D Gause, a Ecologist

The correct answer is:
Edward Wilson, a Sociobiologist

Solution:
Biodiversity is the term popularized by the sociobiologist Edward Wilson to describe the combined diversity at all the levels of biological organization.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
The term 'Biomagnification' is used to denote a

Options:
A a rapid of plants growth due to excessive intake of nutrients.
B an increase in the population size of the aquatic life.
C a decrease in the population size of the aquatic life.
D an increase in the concentration of non-degradable pollutants as they pass through the food chain.

The correct answer is:
an increase in the concentration of non-degradable pollutants as they pass through the food chain.

Solution:
Some pollutants cannot be degraded or metabolized completely in nature by any method and become accumulated in nature. So these pollutants are continuously increased in organisms of aquatic food chain in successive trophic level, It is called Biomagnification. A common example is DDT. Maximum concentration of DDT is seen in fish eating birds which affect their calcium metabolism.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
The term 'biomagnification' refers to the

Options:
A Growth of organisms due to food consumption
B Increase in population size
C Blowing up of environmental issues by man
D Increase in the concentration of non-degradable pollutants as they pass through food chain

The correct answer is:
Increase in the concentration of non-degradable pollutants as they pass through food chain

Solution:
The phenomenon of increasing concentration of harmful substances inside the body of an organism at a successive trophic level is known as biomagnification. The pesticides, DDT, inorganic nitrate, and non-degradable pollutants enter into the body of plants and animals through the food chain.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
The term ecosystem was coined by:

Options:
A E.P. Odum
B A.G. Tansley
C E. Haeckel
D E. Warming

The correct answer is:
A.G. Tansley

Solution:
The term ecosystem was coined by A.G. Tansley in 1935. He defined an ecosystem as 'a particular category of physical systems, consisting of organisms and inorganic components in a relatively stable equilibrium, open and of various sizes and kinds.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
The term 'glycocalyx' is used for:

Options:
A a layer present bet ween cell wall and membrane of bacteria
B cell wall of bacteria
C bacterial cell glyco-engineered to possess $\mathrm{N}$-glycosylated proteins
D a layer surrounding the cell wall of bacteria

The correct answer is:
a layer surrounding the cell wall of bacteria

Solution:
Glycocalyx is a gelatinous polysaccharide and/or polypeptide covering present in the cell envelop in bacteria. When it occurs in the form of a loose sheath, it is known as a slime layer. When it occurs in the form of a thick and tough mucilage covering, it is called a capsule. Glycocalyx assists cells in adhesion to a solid surface, and also protects pathogenic bacteria from the attack of the host's immune system. It provides protection against desiccation and holds the bacterial cells together.
Related Theory
The animal cells and protists have an external covering over their plasma membrane which is known as a cell coat or glycocalyx and it found in bacteria. Unlike cell wall that is made up of cellulose, the cell coat is made up of a filamentous layer of oligosaccharide and glycoprotein. This layer is usually a part of the cell membrane and provides biochemical identity on the cell surface. The cell coat is strengthened and supported by the deposition of calcium salts, silicon and other materials.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
The term 'glycocalyx' is used for :

Options:
A a layer present between cell wall and membrane of bacteria
B cell wall of bacteria
C bacterial cell glyco-engineered to possess N-glycosylated proteins
D a layer surrounding the cell wall of bacteria

The correct answer is:
a layer surrounding the cell wall of bacteria

Solution:
Bacteria is surrounded by three layered envelope, the outermost is glycocalyx followed by the cell wall and then plasma membrane. Glycocalyx is the outermost layer of the envelope. It differs in composition and thickness among different bacteria.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
The term ‘Health’ is defined in many ways. The most accurate definition of health would be:

Options:
A Health is the state of body and mind in a balanced condition
B Health is the reflection of a smiling face
C Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being
D Health is a symbol of economic prosperity.

The correct answer is:
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being

Solution:
The most accurate definition of health is that it is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
The term ''linkage'' was coined by:

Options:
A T. Boveri
B G. Mendel
C W. Sutton
D T.H. Morgan

The correct answer is:
T.H. Morgan

Solution:
Genetic linkage is the tendency of DNA sequences that are close together on a chromosome to be inherited together during the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction. The term "linkage" was coined by T.H. Morgan.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
The term 'niche' of a species refers to

Options:
A Specific place
B The specific place where an organism lives and the role it plays
C Competitive power of an organism
D Specific function of an organism

The correct answer is:
The specific place where an organism lives and the role it plays

Solution:
A niche refers to the habitat of the organism and the functional role performed by the organism in its habitat. Niche is the unique character of an organism and two organisms cannot occupy the same niche at the same time and coexist in nature if they tend to do so than competition occurs and eventually one gets eliminated this is Gause competitive exclusion principle.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
The term 'Nuclein' for the genetic material was used by:

Options:
A Franklin
B Meischer
C Chargaff
D Mendel

The correct answer is:
Meischer

Solution:
Friedrich Meischer, a Swiss biochemist was first to isolate nucleic acids from the nucleus of pus cells in 1869. He called it nuclein. Richard Altmann coined the term ‘Nucleic acid’ in 1889.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
The term phyllotaxy is used to describe

Options:
A type of ovary in a plant
B mode of arrangement of leaves on the stem
C the type of roots
D arrangement of sepals and petals in a flower.

The correct answer is:
mode of arrangement of leaves on the stem

Solution:
The arrangement of leaves on the stem and its branches is called phyllotaxy. The significance of this arrangement is to help leaves getting maximum sunlight for photosynthesis.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The term 'polyadelphous' is related to

Options:
A Gynoecium
B Androecium
C Corolla
D Calyx

The correct answer is:
Androecium

Solution:
The stamens may be united into one bundle (monadelphous), two bundles (diadelphous) or into more than two bundles (polyadelphous).

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The term protonema is related to some plants, which is :

Options:
A diploid and is found in liverworts
B diploid and is found in pteridophytes
C haploid and is found in mosses
D haploid and is found in pteridophytes

The correct answer is:
haploid and is found in mosses

Solution:
Protonema is a haploid structure found in some bryophytes (like mosses). In bryophytes after meiosis of spore mother cell, haploid spores are formed. These spores form gametophyte in which two stages are there (a) protonema (b) leafy stage. Protonema is developed directly from a spore, and this protonema is creeping, green branched and frequently filamentous stage.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
The term _________ (smallest sustainable unit of biosphere) was proposed by ________.

Options:
A Ecosystem, Grinnel
B Ecology, Tansley
C Ecology, Lindeman
D Ecosystem, Reiter

The correct answer is:
Ecology, Tansley

Solution:
A functional unit of nature where living organisms interact among themselves and also with their physical environment is called an ecosystem. The term 'ecosystem' was coined by Sir Arthur Tansley. The entire biosphere is referred to as global ecosystem. The size of the ecosystem varies from small pond to a large forest or sea.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
The term test-tube baby implies that

Options:
A Fertilization of ovum takes place in the uterus but develops in the test-tube
B Fertilization of ovum takes place in the test-tube and develops in test-tube itself
C Fertilization of ovum takes place in the test-tube but it develops in the uterus
D Fertilization of ovum takes place in the fallopian tube and embryo develops in the uterus

The correct answer is:
Fertilization of ovum takes place in the test-tube but it develops in the uterus

Solution:
A test-tube baby is a term that refers to a child that is conceived outside the woman's body. The process is referred to as In-vitro fertilization. The sperm and ovum fuses outside the body. The fertilised egg is then later-on implanted in the uterus of the female.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
The term used for transfer of pollen grains from anthers of one plant to stigma of a different plant which, during pollination, brings genetically different types of pollen grains to stigma, is

Options:
A Xenogamy
B Geitonogamy
C Chasmogamy
D Cleistogamy

The correct answer is:
Xenogamy

Solution:
The term used for transfer of pollen grain from the anther of the plant to the stigma of a different plant which during pollination brings genetically different types of pollen grains to stigma is xenogamy.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2021
The terminal velocity of a copper ball of radius $5 \mathrm{~mm}$ falling through a tank of oil at room temperature is $10 \mathrm{~cm} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$. If the viscosity of oil at room temperature is $0.9 \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~m}^{-1} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$, the viscous drag force is:

Options:
A $8.48 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~N}$
B $8.48 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{~N}$
C $4.23 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~N}$
D $4.23 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{~N}$

The correct answer is:
$8.48 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~N}$

Solution:
By Stobal's law, $\mathrm{F}=6 \pi \eta r v$
(where, the symbols have their usual meanings)
$\begin{aligned}
\mathrm{F} & =6 \times 3.14 \times 0.9 \times 5 \times 10^{-3} \times 10 \times 10^{-2} \\
\mathrm{~F} & =84.78 \times 10^{-4} \\
& =8.478 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~N}=8.48 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~N}
\end{aligned}$

Topic: Physics, Mechanical Properties of Fluids, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 2)
The terminal velocity v of a spherical ball of lead of radius R falling through a viscous liquid varies with R such that

Options:
A vR= constant
B vR= constant
C v= constant
D vR2= constant

The correct answer is:
vR2= constant

Solution:
The terminal velocity is given by :
v=2r2(ρ-ρ0)g9η
Or vr2=2(ρ-ρ0)g9η= constant

Topic: Physics, Mechanical Properties of Fluids, NEET
The terminal voltage of the battery, whose emf is 10 V and internal resistance $1 \Omega$, when connected through an external resistance of $4 \Omega$ as shown in the figure is:

Options:
A 6V
B 8V
C 10V
D 4V

The correct answer is:
8V

Solution:
Current in circuit $i=\frac{10}{4+1}=2 \mathrm{~A}$
$\begin{aligned}
\text { Terminal voltage } & =E-i R \\
& =10-2 \times 1=8 \mathrm{~V}
\end{aligned}$

Topic: Physics, Current Electricity, NEET, NEET 2024
The tertiary structure of proteins can be destroyed by

Options:
A High energy radiations
B High temperature
C Drastic changes in pH
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
Tertiary structures can usually be destroyed (called denaturation) by heating a protein, treating with high energy radiation, or changing the solvent environment (pH, salt content, organic content, etc.) in which the protein is dissolved. When the characteristic structure of a protein molecule in its physiological environment is lost, the protein's normal function is lost too.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
The tests performed on compound X and their inferences are
Test Inference
1 2,4- DNP test coloured precipitate
2 iodoform test yellow precipitate
3 Azo dye test no dye formation
Compound 'X' is

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Information (1) indicates that compound has a carbonyl O || -C- group.
Information (2) indicates that compound has a methyl ketone (CH3—C||O—) group.
Information (3) indicates that it is 3° amine and not 1° amine so answer is (B) which gives 2, 4-DNP test and iodoform test.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
The test-tube baby programme employs which one of the following techniques?

Options:
A Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
B Intra Uterine Insemination (IUI)
C Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT)
D Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer (ZIFT)

The correct answer is:
Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer (ZIFT)

Solution:
The test-tube baby programme employs the technique of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) technique. ZIFT is a method used to treat infertility, in which an egg fertilized in vitro (outside the body) is placed into a woman's fallopian tube (oviduct). It is an assisted reproductive procedure similar to IVF and embryo transfer, the difference being that zygote or proembryo is transferred into the fallopian tube, instead of the uterus. Because the fertilized egg (zygote) is directly transferred into the tubes, the procedure is also referred to as tubal embryo transfer.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
The thalloid body of a slime mould (myxomycetes) is known as:

Options:
A mycelium
B protonema
C plasmodium
D fruiting body

The correct answer is:
plasmodium

Solution:
The thalloid body of Myxomycetes is called plasmodium. It is a multinucleate diploid body which propagates through fission or thickwalled cysts or sclerotium-like structures. Fruiting bodies and mycelium are absent in lower fungi. Protenoma is not formed in fungi, but in bryophytes (sporophyte).
Related Theory
The members of Myxomycetes are called slime moulds because they contain and secrete slime. They are included in lower fungi. Their somatic phase is a multinucleate, diploid holocarpic Plasmodium (a product of syngamy). Reproduction takes place by the formation of uninucleate, thick-walled resting spores which are produced within minute fruiting bodies like structures i.e., the sporangia, however, the true fruiting bodies are absent in slime moulds.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2006
The thalloid body of slime mould is known as

Options:
A Fruiting body
B Mycelium
C Protonema
D Plasmodium

The correct answer is:
Plasmodium

Solution:
Slime moulds are saprophytic protists. Under suitable conditions, they form an aggregation called plasmodium which may grow and spread up to several feet.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
The ________ theory attempts to explain to us the origin of the universe.

Options:
A Universal
B Cosmozoic
C Big Bang
D none of these

The correct answer is:
Big Bang

Solution:
The Big Bang theory attempts to explain to us the origin of the universe. It talks of a singular huge explosion unimaginable in physical terms. The universe expanded and hence, the temperature came down.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2014
The ________ theory attempts to explain to us the origin of the universe.

Options:
A Universal theory
B Cosmozoic theory
C Big Bang theory
D None of these

The correct answer is:
Big Bang theory

Solution:
The Big Bang theory attempts to explain to us the origin of the universe. It talks of a singular huge explosion unimaginable in physical terms. The universe expanded and hence, the temperature came down.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
The theory given by Schleiden and Schwann and modified by Virchow is not applicable to:

Options:
A Bacteria
B Fungus
C Algae
D Viruses

The correct answer is:
Viruses

Solution:
Schleiden and Schwann proposed a cell theory. He said that cells are the basic unit of life and all plants and animals are composed of the cells. In 1855, Rudolf Virchow added the third principle to cell theory. He states that Omnis e cellula e cellula means that all living cells come from pre-existing cells. Virchow's theory not applied to the virus because viruses are obligate parasites which means they cannot complete its life cycle without a host. They do not have cellular machinery whereas in others it is present.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
The theory of Natural selection that explains the appearance of new forms of life on earth was given by

Options:
A

Oparin and Haldane

B

Hardy-Weinberg

C

Mendel

D

Darwin

The correct answer is:

Darwin

Solution:
Charles Darwin in the year 1859 put forth his theory of evolution by natural selection as an explanation for adaptation and formation of new species. He defined natural selection as the principle by which each useful variation is preserved.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
The theory of spontaneous generation states that:

Options:
A life arose from living forms only
B life can arise from both living and non-living
C life can arise from non-living things only.
D life arises spontaneously, neither from living nor from thenon-living.

The correct answer is:
life can arise from non-living things only.

Solution:
The theory of spontaneous generation states that life can arise from non-living things only.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
The theory that can completely/properly explain the nature of bonding in [Ni(CO)4] is

Options:
A Molecular orbital theory
B Crystal field theory
C Werner's theory
D Valence bond theory

The correct answer is:
Molecular orbital theory

Solution:
Ni(CO)4 bonding diagram and energy can be explained by MOT (molecular orbital theory) clearly.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
The thermal conductivity of a material in the CGS system is 0.4. In steady-state, the rate of flow of heat 10 cal s-1 cm-2, then the thermal gradient will be

Options:
A 10Â° C cm-1
B 12 Â°C cm-1
C 25 Â°C cm-1
D 20 Â°C cm-1

The correct answer is:
25 Â°C cm-1

Solution:
ÎQÎt=KAÎÎ¸Îx
â Thermal gradient
âÎÎ¸Îx=ÎQ/Ît K
â ÎÎ¸Îx=100.4=25 Â°C cm-1

Topic: Physics, Thermal Properties of Matter, NEET
The thermal dissociation equilibrium of CaCO3 (s) is studied under different conditions.
CaCO3(s)⇌CaO(s)+CO2(g)
For this equilibrium, the incorrect statement is

Options:
A ΔH is dependent on T
B K is independent of the initial amount of CaCO3
C K is dependent on the pressure of CO2 at a given T
D ΔH is independent of the catalyst, if any

The correct answer is:
K is dependent on the pressure of CO2 at a given T

Solution:
Equilibrium constant (K) is independent of the partial pressure of CO2 , Presence of the catalyst and initial amount of CaCO3 but temperature dependent.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Equilibrium, NEET
The thermistors are usually made of

Options:
A metals with low temperature coefficient of resistivity
B metals with high temperature coefficient of resistivity
C metal oxides with high temperature coefficient of resistivity
D semiconducting materials having low temperature coefficient of resistivity

The correct answer is:
metal oxides with high temperature coefficient of resistivity

Solution:
Thermistors are made up of metal oxides with high temperature coefficient of resistivity

Topic: Physics, Current Electricity, NEET
The thick filament of a myofibril is part of the muscle fibre. Select the incorrect statement regarding it.

Options:
A Each thick filament is a polymerized protein of monomeric meromyosins.
B Each meromyosin has two important parts, a globular head with a short arm and a tail.
C The heavy meromyosin components form the cross arms of thick filaments.
D Short arm of the light meromyosin has an active ATPase enzyme activity.

The correct answer is:
Short arm of the light meromyosin has an active ATPase enzyme activity.

Solution:
Each myosin (thick) filament is also a polymerised protein. Many monomeric proteins called Meromyosins constitute one thick filament. Each meromyosin has two important parts, a globular head with a short arm and a tail, the former being called the heavy meromyosin (HMM) and the latter, the light meromyosin (LMM). The HMM component, i.e.; the head and short arm projects outwards at regular distance and angle from each other from the surface of a polymerised myosin filament and is known as cross arm. The globular head is an active ATPase enzyme and has binding sites for ATP and active sites for actin.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
The thick part of the choroid layer forms

Options:
A cornea
B iris
C ciliary body
D ganglion

The correct answer is:
ciliary body

Solution:
The choroid layer is thin over the posterior two-thirds of the eye ball, but it becomes thick in the anterior part to form the ciliary body. The ciliary body itself continues forward to form a pigmented and opaque structure called the iris which is the visible colored portion of the eye.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
The thickness of ozone in a column of air in the atmosphere is measured in terms of:

Options:
A Kilobase
B Dobson units
C Decibels
D Decameter

The correct answer is:
Dobson units

Solution:
Most atmospheric ozone is concentrated in a layer in the stratosphere.

The Dobson Unit is a way to describe how much ozone there would be in the column if it were all squeezed into a single layer. The average amount of ozone in the atmosphere is roughly 300 Dobson Units, equivalent to a layer 3 millimetres (0.12 inches) thick.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET, NEET 2023 (All India)
The thickness of ozone in the atmospheric layer is measured in:

Options:
A dB
B atm
C DU
D ppm

The correct answer is:
DU

Solution:
The thickness of the ozone in a column of air from the ground to the top of the atmosphere is measured in terms of Dobson units (DU).

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
The thin semi-circular part ABC has mass m1 and diameter AOC has mass m2. Here, axis passes through mid-point of diameter and the axis is perpendicular to plane ABC. Here, AO=OC=R. The moment of inertia of this composite system about the axis is

Options:
A m1R22+m2R23
B m1R22+m2R26
C m1R2+m2R23
D m1R2+m2R212

The correct answer is:
m1R2+m2R23

Solution:
According to the diagram,
I=IABC+IAOC
=m1R2+m2AC212
=m1R2+m22R212
âµOA=OC=Râ´AC=2R
=R2m1+m24R212
I=m1R2+m2R23

Topic: Physics, Rotational Motion, NEET