datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
The transforming principle in Griffith's experiment was detected

Options:
A When live S-strain of S. pneumoniae was injected into mice.
B When live R-strain of S. pneumoniae was injected into mice.
C When heat killed R-strain of S. pneumoniae was injected into mice.
D When mixture of heat killed S-strain and live R-strain of S. pneumoniae was injected into mice.

The correct answer is:
When mixture of heat killed S-strain and live R-strain of S. pneumoniae was injected into mice.

Solution:
Griffith in the search for genetic material conducted experiments with the pneumonia causing bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae. When these bacteria are grown on culture some produced the smooth colonies (S) and other produced rough colonies (R). The mice infected with S strain dies and those with R did not. After heat killing the bacteria he observed that these heat killed S strain did not cause any disease. But when he injected the mixture of heat killed S strain and R strain the mice died, and also he could recover living S strain from the dead mice. From this he concluded that there is some transforming principle which helped R starin to become virulent and cause death.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
The transforming principle in Griffith's experiment was established

Options:
A when live S-strain of S.pneumoniae were injected in mice.
B when live R-strain of S.pneumoniae were injected in mice.
C when heat-killed R-strain of S.pneumoniae were injected in mice.
D when heat-killed S-strain of S.pneumonia were injected with R-strain in mice.

The correct answer is:
when heat-killed S-strain of S.pneumonia were injected with R-strain in mice.

Solution:
When heat-killed S-strain of S.pneumonia were injected with living R-strain in mice than the mice died and from those dead mice living S-strain was isolated, indicating that some chemical substance of heat killed S-strain caused transformation of R - strain into S-strain and resulted in dead of mice.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
The transgenic animals are those which have

Options:
A foreign RNA in all its cells
B foreign DNA segment present in some of its cells
C foreign DNA segment present in all its cells
D both A and B .

The correct answer is:
foreign DNA segment present in all its cells

Solution:
Organism whose gene has been altered, by introduction of foregin genes into its genome. It is most frequently achieved by integration of cloned DNA sequences following their injection into the fertilized egg. This fertilized egg divides mitotically to form the whole organism so that all the cells of the organism will carry the transferred gene. The transferred genes are known as transgenes. Transgenic animals produced by this technology include mice, Drosophila, Xenopus and some of the fish species.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
The transistor parameters, namely α and β of a transistor are related as

Options:
A 1α+1β=1
B 1α=β+1β
C 1α-1β=0
D 1α-1β=1

The correct answer is:
1α-1β=1

Solution:
For common-emitter transistor.
β=α1-α⇒1-αα=1β or 1α-1β=1

Topic: Physics, Semiconductors, NEET
The transition element X in its +3 oxidation state, has a configuration Ar3d4 . Then the atomic number of X is

Options:
A 25
B 24
C 22
D 21

The correct answer is:
25

Solution:
Number of electrons in excited state with +3 oxidation state is
X+3=18+4=22
Number of electrons in ground state
X=22+3=25 .

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
The transition from the state n = 4 to n = 3 in a hydrogen like atom results in ultraviolet radiation. Infrared radiation will be obtained in the transition from

Options:
A 2 â1
B 3Â â2
C 4Â â2
D 5 â4

The correct answer is:
5 â4

Solution:
Infrared radiation corresponds to least value of 1n12-1n22. Thus the transition corresponds to 5→4

Topic: Physics, Atomic Physics, NEET
The transition from the state n=4 to n=3 in hydrogen-like atom results in ultraviolet radiation. The transition in which infrared radiation will be obtained is

Options:
A 2 → 1
B 3 → 2
C 4 → 2
D 5 → 4

The correct answer is:
5 → 4

Solution:
Energy of infrared radiation is less than the energy of ultraviolet radiation. In options (2 → 1), (3 → 2) and (4 → 2), energy released will be more, while in option (5 → 4) only, energy released will be less.

Topic: Physics, Atomic Physics, NEET
The translational kinetic energy of an ideal gas depends only on its

Options:
A Pressure
B Force
C Temperature
D Molar mass

The correct answer is:
Temperature

Solution:
Translational kinetic energy is given by, K.E.=3RT2 it means that the Translational Kinetic energy of Ideal gas depends upon temperature only.

Topic: Chemistry, States of Matter, NEET
The translocation of organic solutes in sieve tube members is supported by

Options:
A P-proteins
B Mass flow involving a carrier and ATP
C Cytoplasmic streaming
D	Root pressure and transpiration pull

The correct answer is:
Mass flow involving a carrier and ATP

Solution:
According to the mass flow hypothesis, transport of organic solutes takes place from source to sink. This transport depends on metabolic energy.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
The translocation of organic solutes in sieve tube members is supported by:

Options:
A cytoplasmic streaming
B root pressure and transpiration pull
C P-proteins
D mass flow involving a carrier and ATP

The correct answer is:
mass flow involving a carrier and ATP

Solution:
According to mass flow hypothesis the transport of organic solutes takes place from source to sink this transport also depends on metabolic energy. According to cytoplasmic streaming hypothesis, the transport of organic solutes takes place by combination of diffusion and cytoplasmic streaming. Cytoplasmic streaming carry organic solutes from one end the other end of sieve tube. Protcins has a role as defence against phloem feeding insects and sealing of damaged sieve tubes. Protein is absent in monocots and gymnosperms.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET, NEET 2006
The translocation of organic solutes in sieve tube members is supported by:

Options:
A Root pressure and transpiration pull
B P-proteins
C Mass-flow involving a carrier and ATP
D Cytoplasmic streaming

The correct answer is:
Mass-flow involving a carrier and ATP

Solution:
Absorption of solutes at the cellular levels depends on the selective permeability of the plasma membranes. Solutes may move by passive or active transport.
The transport is by bulk flow or mass flow and by diffusion.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
The transparent lens in the human eye is held in its place by

Options:
A Smooth muscles attached to the iris
B Ligaments attached to the iris
C Ligaments attached to the ciliary body
D Smooth muscles attached to the ciliary body

The correct answer is:
Ligaments attached to the ciliary body

Solution:
The lens in the human eye is held in place by the suspensory ligaments attached to the ciliary body. The function of other components are as follows:
The smooth muscles attached to the ciliary body helps to control the shape of the lens.
Smooth muscles of iris help in regulating the diameter of the pupil.
Pectinate ligament attached to the iris is involved in the drainage of aqueous humour because it contains spaces between the fibres.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET, NEET 2018
The transquilizer obtained from the plant Rauwolfia Serpentine is

Options:
A reserpine
B iproniazed
C chlorodiazepoxide
D meparobamate

The correct answer is:
reserpine

Solution:
Reserpine is an alkaloid found in the roots Rauwolfia serpentine, it is used for the control of high B.P. and for the relief of psychlotic symptoms.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
The transverse displacement of a string (clamped at its both ends) is given by $y\left( x,t \right)=0.06sin(\frac{2\pi }{3}x(cos\left( 120\pi t \right)$ where x and y are in m and t in s. The length of the string is 1.5 m and its mass is 3.0 ×${{10}^{-2}}$ kg.Determine the tension in the string

Options:
A 619N
B 914N
C 648N
D 713N

The correct answer is:
648N

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
648N

Topic: Chemistry, Waves and Sound, NEET
The transverse section of a plant part showed polyarch, radial and exarch xylem, with endodermis and pericycle. The plant part is identified as :

Options:
A Dicot stem
B Monocot stem
C Monocot root
D Dicot root

The correct answer is:
Monocot root

Solution:
Radial vascular bundles are present in roots. Monocot roots have polyarch and exarch condition of xylem.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
The treatment of snake-bite by antivenin is an example of

Options:
A artificially acquired active immunity.
B artificially acquired passive immunity.
C naturally acquired passive immunity.
D specific natural immunity.

The correct answer is:
artificially acquired passive immunity.

Solution:
Artificial passive immunity:
It results by transfer of antibodies produced in the body of one individual into the body of another individual through injection. In this immunity, serum of animal for example, antibodies obtained from hyperimmunized horses are injected into humans against rabies pathogen. Antibodies used for controlling tetanus and diphtheria used to be cultured in horses and injected into humans e.g. ATS against Tetanus, Antivenom against snake bite.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
The trees occupy the top vertical strata of a forest, shrubs the second and herbs and grasses occupy the bottom layers, this represents

Options:
A landfilling
B productivity
C stratification
D all of the above

The correct answer is:
stratification

Solution:
Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels is called stratification. For example, trees occupy top vertical strata or layers of a forest, shrubs the second and herbs and grasses occupy the bottom layers.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
The triad of nuclei that is isotonic is

Options:
A 1H1 and 1H2 and 1H3
B 92235U, 92237U and 92238U
C 1840Ar, 1940K and 2040Ca
D 614C, 715N and 816O

The correct answer is:
614C, 715N and 816O

Solution:
Since isotones have the same number of neutrons.
614C =N=14-6
N=8
715C N=15-7
=8
816O N=16-8
=8
For all N = 8

Topic: Physics, Nuclear Physics, NEET
The trigeminal nerve arises from the brain in the region of

Options:
A pons and divides into ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular branches.
B medulla and divides into palatine, chorda tympani and hyomandibular branches.
C cerebellum and divides into palatine, chorda tympani and hyomandibular branches.
D cerebellum and divides into ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular branches.

The correct answer is:
pons and divides into ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular branches.

Solution:
There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. These arise from different parts of the brain. The first and second pairs arise from the cerebrum. Third and fourth from the midbrain. The fifth cranial nerve is from the pons. Sixth, seventh and eighth nerve arises from the junction of pons and medulla. Ninth, tenth, eleventh and twelfth cranial nerve arises from medulla. The trigeminal nerve is the fifth cranial nerve and thus arises from the pons. Trigeminal means it has three branches, which are the olfactory, maxillary and mandibular branch.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
The trigger for activation of the toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis is:

Options:
A Acidic pH of stomach
B High-temperature
C Alkaline pH of gut
D Mechanical action in the insect gut

The correct answer is:
Alkaline pH of gut

Solution:
The trigger for activation of the toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis is Alkaline pH of gut.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
The trigger for activation of toxin produced by Bacillus thuringiensis requires

Options:
A Acidic pH of gut
B Alkaline pH of gut
C High temperature
D Mechanical action in the insect gut

The correct answer is:
Alkaline pH of gut

Solution:
When the bacteria is consumed by certain insects, the toxic crystal is released in the insect's highly alkaline gut, blocking the system which protects the pestâs stomach from its own digestive juices. The stomach is penetrated, and the insect dies by poisoning from the stomach contents and the spores themselves.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
The trophic level of zooplankton living in an aquatic ecosystem will be:

Options:
A T1
B T2
C T3
D T4

The correct answer is:
T2

Solution:
The step or position in a nutritive series like food chain is referred to as trophic level.
There are different trophic levels in an ecosystem and food chain. The producers (photosynthetic organisms) form the first trophic level. The phytoplanktons form the first trophic level T1 in an aquatic system and the zooplanktons form the second trophic level (T2) as they are the consumers that feed on producers.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
The trophoblast cells are not involved in the formation of

Options:
A chorionic villi
B protective and trophic membrane
C vital organs of the embryo
D fetal portion of placenta

The correct answer is:
vital organs of the embryo

Solution:
Trophoblast cells perform various functions such as provide protection, nutrition to inner mass cells, helps in implantation, forms chorionic villi that are fetal part of the placenta. The layer of trophoblasts after gastrulation, get formed into the trophectoderm, which in future forms the ectoderm of the embryo and gives rise to the organs that are derived from ectodermal layer.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
The tropics have more diversity of vascular plants as compared to the temperate regions because of

Options:
A latitudinal gradient.
B longitudinal gradient.
C temperature gradient.
D altitudinal gradient.

The correct answer is:
latitudinal gradient.

Solution:
Latitude is the distance from equator whereas altitude is the height from sea level. The pattern of biodiversity observed in an area is also dependent of its latitudes. As one moves away from the equator or from one latitudinal region to another we notice a change in the biodiversity. The tropical rain forests found at the equator have more diversity than the temperate forests found near the poles as we move away from the equator. Therefore due to this latitudinal gradient the forests in Equador have more diversity than forest in Midwest of USA.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
The true nucleus is absent in:

Options:
A Anabaena
B Mucor
C Claviceps
D Volvox

The correct answer is:
Anabaena

Solution:
Anabaena is a prokaryotic organism belonging to the cyanobacteria group and has cells that do not have any organelles as well as the nucleus except for ribosomes. These are autotrophs with photosynthesis activity and has bacteriochlorophyll.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
The true statement amongst the following is

Options:
A S is a function of temperature but ΔS is not a function of temperature.
B Both ΔS and S are functions of temperature.
C S is not a function of temperature but ΔS is a function of temperature.
D Both S and ΔS are not functions of temperature.

The correct answer is:
Both ΔS and S are functions of temperature.

Solution:
S=∫dqT
ΔS=nC∫T1T2dT
Both ΔS and S are function of temperature.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
The truth table for the given logic circuit is:

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Here, output

C=A¯+B¯·A+B¯

The truth table for the given logic circuit is

A	B	A¯	B¯	A¯+B¯	A+B¯	C

0	0	1	1	1	1	1

0	1	1	0	1	0	0

1	0	0	1	1	1	1

1	1	0	0	0	1	0

Topic: Physics, Semiconductors, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 1)
The TS of the ovary shows in the figure represent:

Options:
A Swollen placenta
B Bilocular ovary
C Bicarpellary ovary
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
Solanaceae family is an angiospermic family. This family is also called potato or tomato family. All the member of this family shows superior ovary, bicarpellary, syncarpous, bilocular ovary, swollen placenta with axile placentation.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The tube AC forms a quarter circle in a vertical plane. The ball B has an area of cross-section slightly smaller than that of the tube and can move without friction through it. B is placed at A and displaced slightly. It will

Options:
A always be in contact with the inner wall of the tube
B always be in contact with the outer wall of the tube
C initially be in contact with the inner wall and later with the outer wall
D initially be in contact with the outer wall and later with the inner wall

The correct answer is:
initially be in contact with the inner wall and later with the outer wall

Solution:
Initially speed of ball B is less hence centrifugal in non inertial frame is less, so ball is in contact with the inner surface when speed will be sufficient, ball will lose contact with the inner surface and goes in contact with the outer surface.

Topic: Physics, Laws of Motion, NEET
The tumor inducing capacity of __A__ is located in large extra-chromosomal plasmid called Ti plasmid. Choose the option which correctly fills up the blanks __A__.

Options:
A Thermus aquaticus
B Retrovirus
C E.coli
D Agrobacterium tumefaciens

The correct answer is:
Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Solution:
A Ti or tumour inducing plasmid is a circular plasmid that often, but not always, is a part of the genetic equipment that Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rhizogenes use to transduce its genetic material to plants.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
The tumour-inducing (Ti) plasmid has now been modified into a cloning vector which is no more pathogenic to the plants but is still able to use the mechanisms to deliver genes of our interest into a variety of plants because Ti plasmid has been modified by

Options:
A Adding tumor forming genes
B Deleting tumor forming genes
C Adding genes resistant to endonucleases
D Deleting endonuclease

The correct answer is:
Deleting tumor forming genes

Solution:
The tumour-inducing (Ti) plasmid has now been modified into a cloning vector which is no more pathogenic to the plants but is still able to use the mechanisms to deliver genes of our interest into a variety of plants because Ti plasmid has been modified by deleting tumour-forming genes.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
The two antibiotic resistant genes on vector pBR322 are for

Options:
A Ampicillin and Tetracycline
B Ampicillin and Chloramphenicol
C Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline
D Tetracycline and Kanamycin

The correct answer is:
Ampicillin and Tetracycline

Solution:
The two antibiotic resistance gene on E.coli cloning vector pBR322 are for ampicillin and tetracycline. Cloning vectors are DNA molecules that carry a foreign DNA segment and replicate inside host cell. Plasmid in E.coli is a cloning vector.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
The two bonds N=O and N-O in H3CNO2 are of same bond length due to

Options:
A Inductive effect
B Hyperconjugation
C Electrometric effect
D Resonance effect

The correct answer is:
Resonance effect

Solution:
Due to resonance, both the bonds will have a bond order of 1.5, and hence will have the same bond length.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
The two chromatids of a metaphase chromosome represent

Options:
A Replicated chromosomes to be separated at anaphase
B Homologous chromosomes of a diploid set
C Non-homologous chromosomes joined at the centromere
D Maternal and paternal chromosomes joined at the centromere

The correct answer is:
Replicated chromosomes to be separated at anaphase

Solution:
The two chromatids of a metaphase chromosome represent replicated chromosomes, arranged at the equatorial plane of the cell, to be separated at anaphase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
The two diagrams show the situation before and after a collision between two spheres A and B of equal radii moving along the same straight line on a smooth horizontal surface. The coefficient of restitution e is

Options:
A 23
B 12
C 13
D 14

The correct answer is:
12

Solution:
e=vsepvapp=v2âv1u1âu2
u1=8 m s-1,v1=2 m s-1
u2=2 m s-1,v2=5 m s-1

Topic: Physics, Center of Mass Momentum and Collision, NEET
The two diagrams show the situation before and after a collision between two spheres A and B of equal radii moving along the same straight line on a smooth horizontal surface. The coefficient of restitution e is

Options:
A 23
B 12
C 13
D 14

The correct answer is:
12

Solution:
e=v2âv1u1âu2=vsep. vapp.;
u1=8m/s, v1=2m/su2=2m/s, v2=5m/s
âe= 5â2 8â2 = 3 6 = 1 2

Topic: Physics, Center of Mass Momentum and Collision, NEET
The two functional groups characteristic of sugars are

Options:
A Carbonyl and phosphate
B Carbonyl and methyl
C Hydroxyl and methyl
D Carbonyl and hydroxyl

The correct answer is:
Carbonyl and hydroxyl

Solution:
Monosaccharides can be further classified by their most highly oxidized functional group. Sugars are chemically carbohydrates. They are polyhydroxy aldehydes ketones and their condensation products. Aldoses bear a terminal aldehyde or -CHO group while ketoses have an internal ketone or -CO group.
Thus, they possess two functional groups, i.e. carbonyl and hydroxyl.

Topic: Biology, Biomolecules (B), NEET, NEET 2018
The two gases making highest relative contribution to the greenhouse gases are

Options:
A $\mathrm{CO}_2$ and $\mathrm{CH}_4$
B $\mathrm{CH}_4$ and $\mathrm{NO}_2$
C CFCs and $\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{O}$
D $\mathrm{CO}_2$ and $\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{O}$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{CO}_2$ and $\mathrm{CH}_4$

Solution:
The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring phenomenon that is responsible for heating of earth's surface and atmosphere. Clouds and gases reflect about one-fourth of the incoming solar radiation and absorb some of it but almost half of incoming solar radiation falls on earth's surface heating it, while a small proportion is reflected back. Earth's surface re-emits heat in the form of infrared radiation but part of this does not escape into space as atmospheric gases (eg $\mathrm{CO}_2, \mathrm{CH}_4$ etc) absorb a major fraction of it. The molecules of these gases radiate heat energy and a major part of which again comes to earth's surface thus heating it up once again. $\mathrm{CO}_2(60 \%)$ and $\mathrm{CH}_4(20 \%)$ are commonly known as greenhouse gases because they are responsible for the greenhouse effect, that ultimately leads to global warming.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
The two gases making highest relative contribution to the greenhouse gases are

Options:
A CO2 and CH4
B CH4 and NO2
C CFCs and N2O
D CO2 and N2O

The correct answer is:
CO2 and CH4

Solution:
The greenhouse is the naturally occurring phenomenon that is responsible for heating of earth's surface and atmosphere. Gases like carbondioxide and methane are commonly called as greenhouse gases. The relative contribution of various greenhouse gases to total global warming is CO2: 0%,âCH4: 20%, CFCs:â14%,âN2O: 6%.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
The two human ancestors who belonged to the species of Homo erectus are

Options:
A Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus
B Ramapithecus and Java man
C Java man and Peking man
D Neanderthal man and Cro-magnon man

The correct answer is:
Java man and Peking man

Solution:
Homo erectus (15 mya)
- Fossils discovered in Java in 1891.
- Cranial capacity : 900cc (large brain).
- These probably ate meat.
- These include Homo erectus erectus (Java man) and Homo erectus pekinensis (Peking man).

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
The two most dreadful and fatal disease throughout world are:

Options:
A AIDS and Malaria
B Cancer and AIDS
C Dengue and Tuberculosis
D Polio and Leprosy

The correct answer is:
Cancer and AIDS

Solution:
Among all non-infectious diseases, cancer is the major cause of death.
Among all infectious diseases, AIDS disease is most fatal. These two disease causes death of millions of people world wide.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET