datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Ph - CH 2 - C ≡ CH ⇄ Y X Ph - C ≡ C - CH 3 .

The reagents X and Y respectively are

Options:
A Lindlar catalyst, NaNH2
B NaNH2 and alc. KOH
C Pt catalyst, Wilkinson's catalyst
D Alc. KOH and NaNH2

The correct answer is:
Alc. KOH and NaNH2

Solution:
Internal alkynes are more stable than terminal alkynes (because of hyperconjugation), isomerization is favored thermodynamically. The reaction is carried out with moderately strong bases, at high temperatures (> 100 Â°C ), which are not able to completely deprotonate terminal alkynes.
The deciding step is the tautomerization of the acetylide anion to the propargyl anion which is stabilized by mesomerism.
On heating with alc. KOH in inert solvent, the triple bond of 1-alkyne is shifted towards the centre to form an isomeric 2-alkyne.
â
â
The triple bond migrates from the terminal position into the C-C chain.
Isomerization in the opposite direction leading to the formation of a terminal alkyne can be accomplished with strong bases, e.g. sodium amide at 150 Â°C, which are able to completely deprotonate terminal alkynes.
The reaction proceeds in the opposite direction because the most stable anion (acetylide) is formed under the strong basic conditions and not the more stable hydrocarbon (internal alkyne) which is formed under less basic conditions.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
pH of 0.08 mol dm–3HOCl solution is 2.85. Calculate its ionization constant.

Options:
A 2.9164 × 10–5
B 2.4957 × 10–5
C 2.4957 × 10–4
D 2.9164 × 10–4

The correct answer is:
2.4957 × 10–5

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
2.4957 × 10–5

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
$\mathrm{pH}$ of a saturated solution of $\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_2$ is 12. The value of solubility product $K_{\text {sp }}$ of $\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_2$ is

Options:
A $3.3 \times 10^{-7}$
B $5.0 \times 10^{-7}$
C $4.0 \times 10^{-6}$
D $5.0 \times 10^{-6}$

The correct answer is:
$5.0 \times 10^{-7}$

Solution:
Given, $\mathrm{pH}$ of $\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_2=12$
$\begin{aligned}
\therefore \mathrm{pOH} & =14-\mathrm{pH} \\
& =14-12=2
\end{aligned}$
We know that,
$\begin{aligned}
\mathrm{pOH} & =-\log \left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right] \\
2 & =-\log \left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right] \\
{\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right] } & =\operatorname{antilog}(-2) \\
{\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right] } & =1 \times 10^{-2}
\end{aligned}$
$\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_2$ dissolves in water as
$\begin{aligned}
& \mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_2(s) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Ba}_s^{2+}+2 \mathrm{OH}_2^{-} \\
& s \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{~L}^{-1} \\
& \therefore \quad\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]=2 s=1 \times 10^{-2} \\
& {\left[\mathrm{Ba}^{2+}\right] }=\frac{\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]}{2}=\frac{1 \times 10^{-2}}{2} \\
& K_{\text {sp }}=\left[\mathrm{Ba}^{2+}\right]\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]^2
\end{aligned}$
$\begin{aligned}
& =\left(\frac{1 \times 10^{-2}}{2}\right)\left(1 \times 10^{-2}\right)^2 \\
& =0.5 \times 10^{-6}=5 \times 10^{-7}
\end{aligned}$

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
pH of a saturated solution of CaOH2 is 9 . The solubility product Ksp of CaOH2 is:

Options:
A 0.5×10-15
B 0.25×10-10
C 0.125×10-15
D 0.5×10-10

The correct answer is:
0.5×10-15

Solution:
CaOH2⇌Ca+2S+2OH-2S
pH of saturated solution =9
pH=9, H+=10-9
Hence OH-=10-1410-9=10-5
2s=10-5,  s=10-52
ksp for CaOH2⇒4s3
⇒4×10-523
=10-152=0.5×10-15

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
pH of a saturated solution of CaOH2 is 9 . The solubility product Ksp of CaOH2 is:

Options:
A 0.5×10-15
B 0.25×10-10
C 0.125×10-15
D 0.5×10-10

The correct answer is:
0.5×10-15

Solution:
CaOH2⇌Ca+2S+2OH-2S
pH of saturated solution =9
pH=9, H+=10-9
Hence OH-=10-1410-9=10-5
2s=10-5,  s=10-52
ksp for CaOH2⇒4s3
⇒4×10-523
=10-152=0.5×10-15

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
Phagocytosis may be characterized by which of the following statements?

Options:
A It is a constitutive process
B It involves fluid uptake by small vesicles
C It is important in digestive processes in mammals
D It involves the uptake of cellular debris in large endocytic vesicles.

The correct answer is:
It involves the uptake of cellular debris in large endocytic vesicles.

Solution:
The immune cells like macrophages have the ability to "eat" or "devour" pathogenic cells by ingesting them. This process of cell-eating is called phagocytosis. Phagocytosis can be defined as a process to ingest of engulf other cells or particles. The ingested particle is surrounded by a vesicle called endocytic vesicles that help in digestion.
Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis. If a cell takes is fluid substances making endocytic vesicle is called pinocytosis.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Ph-CH 2 −CH =  CH 2 → dil.  H 2 SO 4 A, A is

Options:
A Ph-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH
B
C
D Ph-CH2-OH

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Phâ CH 2 âCH= CH 2 â H + Phâ CH 2 â C + Hâ CH 2 âPhâ C + Hâ CH 2 â CH 3 H 2 O â â H +
In the first step, a proton from the acid is added to the compound and the respective carbocation is formed. In the next step, a hydride shift occurs to give a more stable benzylic carbocation which is extremely stable.
In the last step, an OH- is added to give benzylic alcohol

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Phenetic classification is based on:

Options:
A the ancestral lineage of existing organisms
B observable characteristics of existing organisms
C dendrograms based on DNA characteristics
D sexual characteristics

The correct answer is:
observable characteristics of existing organisms

Solution:
Phenetics is a form of numerical systematics in which organisms are grouped based upon the total or relative number of shared characteristics (based on observable similarities and differences between taxa).

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2003
Phenetic classification of organisms is based on:

Options:
A observable characteristics of existing organisms
B the ancestral lineage of existing organisms
C dendogram based on DNA characteristics
D sexual characteristics.

The correct answer is:
observable characteristics of existing organisms

Solution:
Phenetics is a form of numerical systematics in which organisms are grouped based upon the total or relative number of shared characteristics (based on observable similarities and differences between taxa) while phylogenetics is the systematic study of organism relationships based on evolutionary similarities and differences.
Related Theory
Cladistics considers both phenetics and phylogenetics. the accuracy ofcladistics is greater than the accuracy of phenetics in classifying organisms.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET, NEET 2004
Phenol and benzoic acid is separated by

Options:
A NaHCO3
B NaOH
C Na
D NaNH2

The correct answer is:
NaHCO3

Solution:
Phenol and benzoic acid is separated by NaHCO3
PhOH+NaHCO3â No reaction
PhCOOH +  NaHCO 3 → PhCOO − Na +  +  H 2 O +  CO 2

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Phenol and formaldehyde undergo condensation to give a polymar (A) which on heating with formaldehyde gives a thermosetting polymer (B). Name the polymers.

Options:
A ‘A’ is novolac and ‘B’ is bakelite
B ‘A’ is novolac and ‘B’ is melamine
C ‘A’ is nylon 6,6 and ‘B’ is bakelite
D ‘A’ is novolac and ‘B’ is PHBV

The correct answer is:
‘A’ is novolac and ‘B’ is bakelite

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
‘A’ is novolac and ‘B’ is bakelite

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET
Phenol associates in Benzene to a certain extent to form dimer. A solution containing 2.0 Ã 1 0 - 2 kg of Phenol in 1.0âkg of benzene has its freezing point decreased by 0.69âK. The percentage degree of association of Phenol is K f for benzene =5.12âKâ kg mol â1

Options:
A 73.4
B 50.1
C 42.3
D 25.1

The correct answer is:
73.4

Solution:
Weight of Phenol w A =2.0Ã 10 â2 kg=20 g
Weight of Benzene w B =1.0 kg
Î T i =0.69 Kââââââââââ K f =5 .12 K kg mol â1
Î T f = i K f m
i= Î T f K f m = 0.69 5.12Ã 20 94 = 0.69Ã94 5.12Ã20 ,ââi=0.63
2 A â A 2 1 - x x / 2
Particle after association i = 1 - x + x / 2 = 1 - x / 2
i = 1 - x / 2
0.63 = 1- x 2 x â 0.734 i.e., 73.4 %

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Phenol can be tested by

Options:
A Libermann nitroso test
B Neutral FeCl 3 solution
C Bromine water
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
Phenol may be tested by all the given reagents.
Libermann nitroso test
With bromine water
Phenol reacts with neutral FeCl3 solution to give violet colour complex which is soluble in water.
6 C 6 H 5 OH + FeCl 3 â Fe O C 6 H 5 6 3 - + 3 H + + 3 HCl Violet colour complex

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Phenol does not react with NaHCO3 because

Options:
A Phenol is a weaker acid than carbonic acid
B Phenol is a stronger acid than carbonic acid
C Phenol is as strong as carbonic acid
D Phenol is insoluble in water.

The correct answer is:
Phenol is a weaker acid than carbonic acid

Solution:
HCO3- is a weaker proton acceptor than phenolate ion

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Phenol gives characteristic colouration with

Options:
A Iodine solution
B Bromine water
C Neutral FeCl3 solution
D Ammonium hydroxide

The correct answer is:
Neutral FeCl3 solution

Solution:
Phenols give blue or violet colouration with FeCl3 solution.
FeCl3+6C6H5 OH âH3Fe C6H5O6+3HCl

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Phenol â (ii) CO 2 (i)âNaOH A â H + / H 2 O B â Ac 2 O C
In this reaction, identify the incorrect statement?

Options:
A A is formed through Kolbe reaction
B B is salicylic acid
C C is o-acetoxybenzoic acid
D C is a paracetamol

The correct answer is:
C is a paracetamol

Solution:
Phenol undergoes Kolbe’s Schmidt reaction in the presence of CO2/NaOH to form salicylic acid, which on further reaction with acetyl chloride produces aspirin.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Phenol is a colourless liquid but on keeping it in air for long time it converts into brown colour due to

Options:
A Air oxidation into p-benzoquinone
B Air oxidation into quinol
C Air oxidation into o-benzoquinone
D Air oxidant into m-benzoquinone

The correct answer is:
Air oxidation into p-benzoquinone

Solution:
on keeping phenol in air for long time it converts into brown colour due to air oxidation into p-benzoquinone as follows

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Phenol is a weaker acid than acetic acid because

Options:
A Phenoxide ion is better stabilized by resonance than acetate ion
B Acetate ion is better stabilized by resonance than phenoxide ion
C Phenol is led soluble in water than acetic acid
D Both phenoxide ion and acetate ion are stable

The correct answer is:
Acetate ion is better stabilized by resonance than phenoxide ion

Solution:
The negative charge in carboxylate ion is more dispersed in comparison to phenate (or phenoxide) ion, since there are two electronegative oxygen atoms in carboxylate ion as compared to one oxygen atom in phenoxide ion.
-ve charge dispersed on -C carbon atoms.

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET
Phenol is distilled with $\mathrm{Zn}$ dust followed by Friedel-Crafts alkylation with propyl chloride in the presence of $\mathrm{AlCl}_3$ to give a compound (b). (b) is oxidised in the presence of air to form the compound (c). The structural formula of (c) is:

Options:
A

B

C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
Phenol is least reactive for aromatic nucleophilic substitution because

Options:
A Carbon-oxygen bond has some double bond character due to resonance
B Oxygen is present on sp2 -hybrid carbon which makes carbon-oxygen bond stronger
C Oxygen is highly electronegative which decreases bond length between carbon and oxygen
D All are correct

The correct answer is:
All are correct

Solution:
Phenol is least reactive for aromatic nucleophilic substitution because C-O bond get shorter and stronger due to resonance stabilization so removal of -OH group becomes tough.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Phenol is

Options:
A A base weaker than ammonia
B An acid stronger than carbonic acid
C An acid weaker than carbonic acid
D A neutral compound

The correct answer is:
An acid weaker than carbonic acid

Solution:
PKa of phenol=10
PKa of carbonic acid less than 10
The acidic strength â conjugate base stability
In carboxylic acid conjugate base stabilized because it forms two resonating structures

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Phenol reacts with benzenediazonium cation at pH 7.5 to give

Options:
A Aniline
B Chlorobenzene
C Benzene
D Azo dye

The correct answer is:
Azo dye

Solution:
Phenol reacts with benzenediazonium cation at pH 7.5 to give Azo dye (parahydroxy diazobenzene)

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Phenol reacts with bromine in carbon disulphide at low temperature to give

Options:
A m-bromophenol
B o- and p-bromophenol
C p-bromophenol
D 2, 4, 6-tribromophenol

The correct answer is:
o- and p-bromophenol

Solution:
- OH group is activating group and o/p directing.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Phenotype of an organism is the result of:

Options:
A genotype and environment interactions
B mutations and linkages
C cytoplasmic effects and nutrition
D environmental changes and sexual dimorphism

The correct answer is:
genotype and environment interactions

Solution:
Phenotype, a 11 the observable characteristics of an organism that result from the interaction of its genotype (total genetic inheritance) with the environment. Examples of observable characteristics include behaviour, biochemical properties, colour, shape, and size.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2006
Phenotypically, Turner's syndrome humans are

Options:
A males
B females
C super females
D inter-sex individuals

The correct answer is:
females

Solution:
Turner's syndrome occurs when the chromosomal count is 44+X0, where the last pair has a missing chromosome. The individual is a sterile female with a webbed neck.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Phenyl magnesium bromide reacts with methanol to give

Options:
A A mixture of anisol and MgOHBr
B A mixture of benzene and MgOMeBr
C A mixture of toluene and MgOHBr
D A mixture of phenol and MgMeBr

The correct answer is:
A mixture of benzene and MgOMeBr

Solution:
PhMgBr can be protonated by any of the protic solvent e.g., CH3OH.
PhMgBrâ+ CH 3 OHâPhHâ+Mg OCH 3 Br

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Phenylacetylene on treatment with HgSO4/H2SO4,H2O produces

Options:
A acetophenone
B phenylacetaldehyde
C phenylacetic acid
D 1-phenylethanol

The correct answer is:
acetophenone

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Phenylglyoxal on heating with concentrated NaOH gives

Options:
A C6H5COONa and CH3OH
B C6H5CH2OH and HCOONa
C C6H5CHOHCOONa
D C6H5COONa and HCOONa

The correct answer is:
C6H5CHOHCOONa

Solution:
It is intramolecular Cannizzaro's reaction

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited disease which refers to

Options:
A Decrease in phenylalanine in tissue and blood
B Increase in phenylpyruvic acid in tissue and blood
C Elimination of sugar in urine
D Elimination of genetics acid in urine

The correct answer is:
Increase in phenylpyruvic acid in tissue and blood

Solution:
Phenylketonuria is a genetically inherited disease. It occurs due to deficiency of an enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase which catalyses the conversion of amino acid phenylalanine into tyrosine. Phenylalanine is rather converted into phenylpyruvic acid and other derivatives and this results in the increased level of phenylpyruvate in the blood at the same time it starts depositing in various body tissue.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Pheretima and its close relatives derive nourishment from

Options:
A sugarcane roots
B decaying fallen leaves and soil organic matter
C soil insects
D small pieces of fresh fallen leaves of maize

The correct answer is:
decaying fallen leaves and soil organic matter

Solution:
Pheretima and its close relatives derive nourishment from decaying organic matter found in the soil. They also feed on the bits of plants and animal matter.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
Pheretima and its close relatives derive nourishment from :

Options:
A sugarcane roots
B decaying fallen leaves and soil organic matter
C soil insects
D small pieces of fresh fallen leaves of maize, etc.,

The correct answer is:
decaying fallen leaves and soil organic matter

Solution:
Earthworm derives its nutrition from decaying fallen leaves and soil organic matter. Thus, the type of feeding in earthworm is detritus.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Phloem in gymnosperms lacks:

Options:
A Albuminous cells and sieve cells
B Sieve tubes only
C Companion cells only
D Both sieve tubes and companion cells

The correct answer is:
Both sieve tubes and companion cells

Solution:
Sieve elements are the chief conducting elements of the phloem which are of two types: sieve cells and sieve-tube members. Pores in sieve cells are narrow, there is seemingly uniformity in the structure of sieve areas and are found to be distributed evenly on all walls. The presence of sieve plates in sieve-tube members is one of the principal differences between sieve cells (absent) and sieve-tube members. In most gymnosperms and seedless vascular plants, sieve cells are the only kind of food-conducting cells whereas sieve-tube members are present in angiosperms. Sieve tubes are made of sieve tube members arranged terminally to one another.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
PhMgBr+ → 2   H ⊕ 1  X Ph− C | | −Ph      Ph       OH
X is

Options:
A Ph-C||O-H
B Ph-C||O-Ph
C Ph-CH|Ph-C||O-H
D Ph-C||O-CH3

The correct answer is:
Ph-C||O-Ph

Solution:
Ph− C || O −Ph+PhMgBr→ Ph− C | | −Ph Ph                 OMgBr → H 2 O Ph− C | | −Ph Ph        OH

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Phosphate fertilizers when added to water leads to

Options:
A Decreased growth of decomposers
B Reduced algal growth
C Increased Biological Oxygen Demand
D Nutrient enrichment (eutrophication)

The correct answer is:
Nutrient enrichment (eutrophication)

Solution:
Addition of phosphate fertilizers to water leads to nutrient enrichment (eutrophication)

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is the primary CO2 acceptor in:

Options:
A C3 plants
B C4 plants
C C2 plants
D C3 and C4 plants

The correct answer is:
C4 plants

Solution:
PEP is a 3C compound which serves as primary CO2 acceptor in the mesophyll cell cytoplasm of C4 plants like Maize, Sugarcane, Sorghum etc.
PEP is able to rapidly fix carbon at very low concentrations of hydrogen carbonate in presence of Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase enzyme the addition of bicarbonate ( HC O 3 − ) to phosphoenolpyruvate ( PEP ) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate and inorganic phosphate
PEP+HC O 3 − →oxaloacetate+Pi

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET, NEET 2017
Phospholipids are esters of glycerol with

Options:
A three carboxylic acid residues
B two carboxylic acid residues and one
C one carboxylic acid residue and two phosphate groups
D three phosphate groups

The correct answer is:
two carboxylic acid residues and one

Solution:
Phospholipids are esters of glycerol with two carboxylic acid residue and one phosphate group. Hence, phospholipids may be regarded as derivative of glycerol in which two hydroxyl groups are esterified with fatty acid, while third is esterified with phosphoric acid.
Related Theory
The platform on which phospholipids are built may be glycerol, a 3- carbon alcohol, or sphingosine, a more complex alcohol. Phospholipids derived from glycerol are called phosphoglycerides.

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET, NEET 2003
Phospholipids are important components of cell membranes because they

Options:
A can be easily phosphorylated by ATP.
B can transport sodium and potassium ions across the membrane.
C form a layered structure that can interface with water on two surfaces.
D form a lipid bilayer with their hydrophobic surface facing outward.

The correct answer is:
form a layered structure that can interface with water on two surfaces.

Solution:
The phospholipids are lipids with phosphate in their structure. It acts as a barrier and allows only selective passage of molecules and ions in and out o the cell. The characteristic feature of phospholipids is that they act as hydrophilic(head) and also as hydrophobic(tail) molecules and therefore are known as amphipathic as it forms bilayers in water.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Phosphoric acid is preferred over sulphuric acid in preparing hydrogen peroxide from peroxides. Why?

Options:
A Sulphuric acid is too reactive with peroxides.
B Sulphuric acid forms unwanted byproducts.
C Phosphoric acid is a weaker oxidizing agent.
D Phosphoric acid stabilizes the reaction.

The correct answer is:
Sulphuric acid forms unwanted byproducts.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Sulphuric acid forms unwanted byproducts.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrogen, NEET
Phosphorous and nitrogen ions generally get depleted in soil because they usually occur as

Options:
A	Neutral ions
B Negatively charged ions
C	Positively charged ions
D Both positively and negatively charged but disproportionate mixture

The correct answer is:
Negatively charged ions

Solution:
Phosphorus is absorbed by the plants from the soil in the form of phosphate ions H2PO4- and HPO22-, and nitrogen is absorbed by the plants in the form of nitrate ions (NO3-). The negatively charged mineral ions can be easily absorbed by the plants because they are not adsorbed on soil particles.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Phosphorus acid on heating gives the following products
4H3PO3→Δ3H3PO4+PH3
The above reaction is an example of

Options:
A oxidation
B thermal decomposition
C disproportionation
D reduction

The correct answer is:
disproportionation

Solution:
4H3PO3→Δ3H3PO4+PH3
In the reaction, the acid in +3 oxidation state of P tends to disproportionate to higher (+5) and lower (-3) oxidation state in H3PO4 and PH3 respectively.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Phosphorus pentoxide is widely used as ............

Options:
A Reducing agent
B Oxidizing agent
C Dehydrating agent
D Bleaching agent

The correct answer is:
Dehydrating agent

Solution:
Phosphorous pentoxide is widely used as a dehydrating agent. Phosphorus pentoxide is a potent dehydrating agent as indicated by the exothermic nature of its hydrolysis:
P4O10+6H2O→4H3PO4-177kJ

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Phosphorylation during photosynthesis is

Options:
A Oxidative phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation occurring in light and dark conditions.
B Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in light conditions and Photophosphorylation occurs in dark conditions.
C Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in dark conditions and Photophosphorylation occurs in light conditions.
D Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in light and dark conditions and Photophosphorylation occurs only in the presence of light.

The correct answer is:
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in light and dark conditions and Photophosphorylation occurs only in the presence of light.

Solution:
In oxidative phosphorylation, the reduction of O2 to H2O with electrons donated by NADH2 and FADH2 takes place. This process occurs equally in light or dark conditions. In photophosphorylation, the oxidation of H2O to O2 with NADP+ as an electron acceptor is observed. This process is light-dependent.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET