datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
A dsDNA found in E. coli has N15 labeled nitrogen bases. This organism was provided with N14 based nitrogen bases for the replication process. The two new DNA molecules synthesized after one round of replication in the N 14 based medium. Which of the following options correctly describes the comparison between parent DNA and daughter DNA?

DNA	Density	Sequence of Nucleotides	Radioactivity

1	Parent DNA	Heavy	Same as daughter DNA	Not-Radioactive

Daughter DNA	Light	Same as parent DNA	Not-Radioactive

2	Parent DNA	Heavy	Same as daughter DNA	Radioactive

Daughter DNA	Light	Same as parent DNA	Radioactive

3	Parent DNA	Light	not the same as daughter DNA	Not-Radioactive

Daughter DNA	Heavy	not the same as parent DNA	Not-Radioactive

4	Parent DNA	Light	Same as daughter DNA	Not-Radioactive

Daughter DNA	Heavy	Same as parent DNA	Not-Radioactive

Options:
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4

The correct answer is:
1

Solution:
DNA molecule was proven to replicate via semi-conservative method where one of the two strand is a new one and other one is from the parent. When N15 labelled E. coli is grown in medium with N14 , after completion of first round of replication, the new duplicated DNA will have one strand of N15 labelled bases and the new strand having N14 labelled bases. Since, the new DNA is a hybrid its density will be lesser than the parent DNA. The DNA sequence will not differ from parent DNA. Also N15 is heavy but it is not radioactive. Thus neither the parent DNA nor daughter DNA is radioactive.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
A Each trophic level, a certain mass of living material at a particular time called as__ P___.

B Breakdown of detritus into smaller particles, this process is called ____Q____.

Fill in the blanks with suitable word.

Options:
A

P	Q
Decomposition	Mineralization

B

P	Q
Production	Humification

C

P	Q
Standing crop	Fragmentation

D

P	Q
Standing crop	Stratification

The correct answer is:

P	Q
Standing crop	Fragmentation

Solution:
Detritivores (e.g., earthworm) break down detritus into smaller particles. This process is called fragmentation. The total amount or number of living things or of one kind of living thing (such as an uncut farm crop, the fish in a pond, or organisms in an ecosystem) in a particular area at any given time is called standing crop.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
A electric dipole has the magnitude of its charge as $q$ and its dipole moment is $p$. It is placed in a uniform electric field $E$. If its dipole moment is along the direction of the field, the force on it and it and its potential energy are respectively:

Options:
A 2 q.E and minimum
B $q \cdot E$ and $p . E$
C zero and minimum
D $q \cdot E$ and maximum

The correct answer is:
zero and minimum

Solution:
Force on each charge, of dipole $F=$ $p E$
$\therefore$ Total force $=$ zero, they are in opposite director
$\therefore \vec{P}$ and $\vec{E}$ are parallel to each other
$\therefore \quad U=-\vec{P} \cdot \vec{E}$ is minimum.

Topic: Physics, Electrostatics, NEET, NEET 2004
A eukaryote, without a cellulosic cell wall, presence of multicellular/loose tissue body organization showing heterotrophic (saprophytic/parasitic) nutrition is

Options:
A Chlorophyta
B Rhodophyta
C Mycota
D Thallophyta

The correct answer is:
Mycota

Solution:
Fungi/Mycota are special groups of organisms that are single-celled or complex multicellular organisms with the cell wall basically composed of chitin, Î±- and Î²-linked glucans, glycoproteins and pigments. Most fungi are heterotrophic and absorb soluble organic matter from dead substrates; hence, they are called saprophytes.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
A factory was started near a village. Suddenly villagers started feeling the presence of irritating vapors in the village and cases of headache, chest pain, cough, dryness of throat and breathing problems increased. Villagers blamed the emissions from the chimney of the factory for such problems. What does the symptoms indicate?

Options:
A The symptoms observed in villagers indicate that the place is severely effected by the greenhouse effect
B The symptoms observed in villagers indicate that acid rain takes place there
C The symptoms observed in villagers indicate that oxides of carbon are released from the chimney of the factory.
D The symptoms observed in villagers indicate that oxides of nitrogen and sulfur are released from the chimney of the factory.

The correct answer is:
The symptoms observed in villagers indicate that oxides of nitrogen and sulfur are released from the chimney of the factory.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
The symptoms observed in villagers indicate that oxides of nitrogen and sulfur are released from the chimney of the factory.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
A factory worker has been dealing with severe internal bleeding, muscular pain and blockage of the intestine along with a high fever. While explaining his symptoms to the doctor, the man also mentions that he had a tendency of consuming vegetables without washing them. Which of the following parasites is responsible for this disease?

Options:
A Plasmodium
B Ascaris
C Wuchereria
D Entamoeba

The correct answer is:
Ascaris

Solution:
Ascaris, the common round worm and Wuchereria, the filarial worm, are some of the helminths which are known to be pathogenic to man. Ascaris, an intestinal parasite causes ascariasis. Symptoms of these disease include internal bleeding, muscular pain, fever, anemia and blockage of the intestinal passage. The eggs of the parasite are excreted along with the faeces of infected persons which contaminate soil, water, plants, etc. A healthy person acquires this infection through contaminated water, vegetables, fruits, etc.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
A fall in glomerular blood flow/glomerular blood pressure/GFR can activate the JG cells to release

Options:
A Aldosterone
B Rennin
C Erythropoietin
D Renin

The correct answer is:
Renin

Solution:
The JGA plays a complex regulatory role. A fall in glomerular blood flow/glomerular blood pressure/GFR can activate the JG cells to release renin which converts angiotensinogen in the blood to angiotensin I and further to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II, being a powerful vasoconstrictor, increases the glomerular blood pressure and thereby GFR. Angiotensin II also activates the adrenal cortex to release Aldosterone. Aldosterone causes reabsorption of Na+ and water from the distal parts of the tubule. This also leads to an increase in blood pressure and GFR. This complex mechanism is generally known as the Renin-Angiotensin mechanism.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
A family has all the characters given in the list below.

Flowers pentamerous, gynoecium-bicarpellary, syncarpous, superior ovary, placentation axile, placenta swollen.

A representative organism from this family is

Options:
A Solanum tuberosum
B Pisum sativum
C Brassica napus
D Allium cepa

The correct answer is:
Solanum tuberosum

Solution:
Solanum tuberosum is potato and Solanaceae is commonly called as the 'potato family'. They have 5 petals and 5 sepals and hence they have pentamerous symmetry. They have two carpels in their gynoecium which are fused together (syncarpous condition). They have bilocular superior ovary with axile placentation. Pisum sativum (garden pea) belongs to Leguminosae, Brassica napus (rape seed) belongs to Brassicaceae and Allium cepa (onion) belongs to Liliaceae

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
A family uses 8 kW of power. Direct solar energy is incident on the horizontal surface at an average rate of 200 W per square meter. If 20% of this energy can be converted to useful electrical energy, how large an area is needed to supply 8 kW?

Options:
A 100 ${{m}^{2}}$
B 200 ${{m}^{2}}$
C 300 ${{m}^{2}}$
D 400 ${{m}^{2}}$

The correct answer is:
200 ${{m}^{2}}$

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
200 ${{m}^{2}}$

Topic: Chemistry, Work Power Energy, NEET
A farmer was using pesticides on his farm. He used the produce of his farm as food for rearing fishes. He was told that fishes were not fit for human consumption because large amounts of pesticides had accumulated in the tissues of fishes. Why?

Options:
A Because it is always advisable to use huge volumes of pesticide to rearing fishes
B Because Pesticides don't get accumulated by the fish and are excreted out
C There is no explanation for this event
D Pesticides are transferred from lower trophic levels to higher trophic levels through the food chain. Over time, the concentration of pesticides in fishes reach a level which if consumed could cause serious metabolic and physiological disorders in humans.

The correct answer is:
Pesticides are transferred from lower trophic levels to higher trophic levels through the food chain. Over time, the concentration of pesticides in fishes reach a level which if consumed could cause serious metabolic and physiological disorders in humans.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
Pesticides are transferred from lower trophic levels to higher trophic levels through the food chain. Over time, the concentration of pesticides in fishes reach a level which if consumed could cause serious metabolic and physiological disorders in humans.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
A female cockroach can be differentiated from a male cockroach, due to the presence of:

Options:
A Boat-shaped 7th sternum forming brood pouch
B Anal style in 9th abdominal segment
C Anal cerci in 10th abdominal segment
D Both A and C

The correct answer is:
Boat-shaped 7th sternum forming brood pouch

Solution:
Male cockroach bears a pair of short, thread-like structure in 9th abdominal segment called anal style. In both sexes, the 10th abdominal segment bears a pair of a jointed filamentous structure called anal cerci.
In females, the 7th sternum is boat shaped and together with the 8th and 9th sterna forms a brood or genital pouch whose anterior part contains female gonopore, spermathecal pores and collateral glands.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
A female is haemophilic because the mother of the female is

Options:
A Carrier and father should be normal
B Carrier and father should be haemophilic
C Haemophilic and father should be normal
D Normal and father should be normal

The correct answer is:
Carrier and father should be haemophilic

Solution:
Haemophilia is a X-linked recessive blood disorder. In it, the individual has delayed clotting time for blood which can be fatal. X-lined disorders are inherent disorders due to mutation in the X-chromosome which causes the phenotype to be always expressed in male and in female only in homozygous condition. For a daughter to be haemophilic, her father must be haemophilic as she receives one X-chromosome from him. And mother must be a carrier if not haemophilic to pass the X- chromosome to daughter.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
A few drops of sap were collected by cutting across a plant stem by a suitable method. The sap was tested chemically. Which one of the following test results indicate that it is phloem sap?

Options:
A Acidic
B Alkaline
C Low refractive index
D Absence of sugar

The correct answer is:
Alkaline

Solution:
Chemical analysis of sieve tube sap proves that concentrated solution of sucrose is translocated from the place of synthesis to other parts of the plant body. Glucose and fructose are sometimes found in traces only. The amount of sucrose is more in phloem sap during the day and less in night. In xylem the amount of sucrose is in traces and also there is no diurnal fluctuation. Alkaline pH (7.8 - 8.0) is present in phloem sap whereas xylem sap is acidic.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
A few normal seedlings of tomato were kept in a dark room. After a few days, they were found to have become white-colored like albinos, Which of the following terms will you use to describe them?

Options:
A Mutated
B Embolised
C Etiolated
D Defoliated

The correct answer is:
Etiolated

Solution:
Etiolation is a phenomenon present in plants that are due to complete or partial absence of light. Skotomorphogenesis is the other name seed germination in absence of light, which leads to etiolation.
Etiolation causes some typical changes in the morphology of the plant (seedling). This happens primarily due to the likelihood of reaching the source of light.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET, NEET 2014
A few statements are made about the characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Mark the correct statement.

Options:
A All prokaryotes lack nuclear envelope but nuclear envelope is present in mitochondria of eukaryotes.
B All eukaryotes have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane but cell wall is absent in mycoplasma.
C All eukaryotic cells are identical but all prokaryotic cells are not identical.
D Most of the eukaryotic chromosomes are associated with histone protein but the genome of chloroplast lack histones.

The correct answer is:
Most of the eukaryotic chromosomes are associated with histone protein but the genome of chloroplast lack histones.

Solution:
Histones are highly alkaline proteins found in nuclei of eukaryotic cell that helps in packing of DNA into structural units called nucleosomes present in only eukaryotic chromosomes, Chloroplasts are like tiny green factories within plant cells, which help in converting energy from sunlight into sugars, and they have many similarities to mitochondria (both chloroplast and mitochondria lack histone protein in their genome).

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
A Field of mustard had 500 mustard plants of 200 gm each, assuming that direct evaporative loss of water from soil is neglected and transpiration takes place only when plant is exposed to sun. assuming total sun exposure in 1 day is 10 hrs, how much water would be
Required by the field per day?

Options:
A 1L
B 400ml
C 20 L
D 2L

The correct answer is:
20 L

Solution:
Amount of water transpired by mustard plant = Equal to weight of mustard plant/ 5 hrs

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
A file-like rasping organ for feeding is observed in:

Options:
A Porifera
B Cnidaria
C Ctenophora
D Mollusca

The correct answer is:
Mollusca

Solution:
Molluscs are terrestrial or aquatic (marine or fresh water) having an organ-system level of organisation. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and coelomate animals. The mouth contains a file-like rasping organ for feeding, called radula.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
A first order reaction has a rate constant 1.15 × 10-3s-1. How long will 5 g of this reactant take to reduce to 3 g?

Options:
A t = 635 s
B t = 444 s
C t = 322 s
D t = 234 s

The correct answer is:
t = 444 s

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
t = 444 s

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
A first order reaction has a rate constant of $2.303 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$. The time required for $40 \mathrm{~g}$ of this reactant to reduce to $10 \mathrm{~g}$ will be
[Given that $\log _{10} 2=0.3010$ ]

Options:
A $230.3 \mathrm{~s}$
B $301 \mathrm{~s}$
C $2000 \mathrm{~s}$
D $602 \mathrm{~s}$

The correct answer is:
$602 \mathrm{~s}$

Solution:
For first order reaction,
$$
\mathrm{t}=\frac{2.303}{\mathrm{k}} \log \frac{\mathrm{a}}{\mathrm{a}-\mathrm{x}}
$$
Given : $\mathrm{k}=2.303 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}, \mathrm{a}=40 \mathrm{~g}, \mathrm{a}-\mathrm{x}=10 \mathrm{~g}$
On substituting the given values in Eq. (i), we get
$$
\begin{aligned}
t & =\frac{2.303}{2.303 \times 10^{-3}} \log \frac{40}{10} \\
& =10^3 \log 2^2=2 \times 10^3 \times \log 2 \\
& =2 \times 10^3 \times 0.3010=602 \mathrm{~s}
\end{aligned}
$$
Alternative method
For first order reaction, $\mathrm{t}_{1 / 2}=\frac{0.693}{\mathrm{k}}$
$$
\mathrm{t}_{1 / 2}\left(\mathrm{t}_{50 \%}\right)=\frac{0.693}{2.303 \times 10^{-3}}=301 \mathrm{~s}
$$
Also, $\quad \mathrm{t}_{75 \%}=2 \mathrm{t}_{50 \%}$
$$
\therefore \quad \mathrm{t}_{75 \%}=2 \times 301=602 \mathrm{~s}
$$

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
A first order reaction has a specific reaction rate of 10–2sec-1 . How much time will it take for 20 g of the reactant to reduce to 5 g?

Options:
A 138.8 sec
B 346.5 sec
C 693.0 sec
D 238.6 sec

The correct answer is:
138.8 sec

Solution:
It is based on first order kinetics so using the given relation
K=2.303tlog10N0NT
t=2.30310-2×log10205
On solving t=138.87 sec.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
A first order reaction is found to have a rate constant, k = 5.5 × 10-14s-1. Find the half-life of the reaction.

Options:
A 8.21 × 1013s
B 7.46 × 1013s
C 4.68 × 1013s
D 1.26 × 1013s

The correct answer is:
1.26 × 1013s

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
1.26 × 1013s

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
A first order reaction takes 40 min for 30% decomposition. What is t1/2?

Options:
A 94.2 minutes
B 86.4 minutes
C 77.7 minutes
D 46.8 minutes

The correct answer is:
77.7 minutes

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
77.7 minutes

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
A first order reaction with respect to reactant A, has a rate constant 6  min −1 . If we start with A =0.5 mol  L −1 , when would [A] reach the value 0.05 mol  L −1

Options:
A 0.384 min
B 0.15 min
C 3 min
D 3.84 min

The correct answer is:
0.384 min

Solution:
We know that for first order kinetics
k=2.303tlogaa-x
a-x =0.05 mol  L −1
6=2.303tlog0.50.05
or t= 2.303 6 log 0.5 0.05 = 2.303 6 =0.384âmin

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
A first-order reaction has a specific reaction rate 10-2sec-1⁡. How much time will it take for 20 g the reactant to reduce to 5 g?

Options:
A 238.6 second
B 138.6 second
C 346.5 second
D 693.0 second

The correct answer is:
138.6 second

Solution:
t12=0.69310-2 second
For the reduction of 20 g of reactant to 5 g, two t12 is required.
∴ t=2×0.69310-2 second
=138.6 second

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET, NEET 2017
A fish is near the centre of a spherical fishbowl filled with water (Î¼w=43). A child is standing at a distance of 2R from the centre of the bowl, where R is the radius of curvature of the bowl. The distance from the centre of the fishbowl, where the child's nose will appear to the fish is

Options:
A R
B 2R
C 3R
D 4R

The correct answer is:
3R

Solution:
μ 2 v - μ 1 u = μ 2 - μ 1 R ⇒ 4 3 v - 1 - R = 4 3 - 1 R ⇒ 4 3 v = 1 3 R - 1 R
4 3 v = 1 - 3 3 R ⇒ v = - 4 R 2 ⇒ v = - 2 R
Distance of image from centre = 3R

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
A fish, looking up through the water sees the outside world contained in a circular horizon. If the refractive index of water is 43 and the fish is 12 cm below the surface of the water, the radius of the circle in centimetre is

Options:
A 365
B 365
C 367
D 367

The correct answer is:
367

Solution:
From figure, tan⁡C=r12
or r=12tan⁡C
or r=12sin⁡C1-sin2⁡C
r=12×1μ1-1μ2=12μ2-1=12432-1
i.e., r=12×37=367

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
A fish looking up through the water sees the outside world contained in circular horizon. If the refractive index of water is 43 and the fish is 12 cm below the surface, what is the radius of this circle (in cm)?

Options:
A 367
B 367
C 365
D 45

The correct answer is:
367

Solution:
r=hµ2-1=12432-1=367cm

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
A fish looking up through the water sees the outside world contained in circular horizon. If the refractive index of water is 43 and the fish is 12 cm below the surface, the radius of this circle (in cm) is

Options:
A 367
B 367
C 365
D 45

The correct answer is:
367

Solution:
Radius of the circular horizon is
r=hµ2-1
r=12432-1
r=367 cm

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
A fixed mass ‘m’ of a gas is subjected to transformation of states from K to L to M to N and back to K as shown in the figure

The succeeding operations that enable this transformation of states are

Options:
A Heating, cooling, heating, cooling
B Cooling, heating cooling, heating
C Heating, cooling, cooling, heating
D Cooling, heating, heating, cooling

The correct answer is:
Heating, cooling, cooling, heating

Solution:
From K to M as Pressure is constant, so temperature is increased to increase volume that is heating. (Isobaric expansion)
From L to M as Volume is constant, so temperature is decreased to decrease pressure that is cooling. (Isochoric)
From M to N as Pressure is constant so temperature is decreased to decrease volume that is cooling. (Isobaric compression)
From N to K as Volume is constant so temperature is increased to increase pressure that is heating. (Isochoric)
At constant pressure V∝T
At constant volume P∝T

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
A fixed mass of a gas is first heated isobarically to double the volume and then cooled isochorically to decrease the temperature back to the initial value. By what factor would the work done by the gas decreased, had the process been isothermal?

Options:
A 2
B 12
C ln 2
D ln 3

The correct answer is:
ln 2

Solution:
Î W ABC = 2 P 2 V - V = 2 PV
Î W ADC = nRT ln 2 V / V
= 2 PV ln 2
â´ The required factor will be
= 2 PV ln 2 2 PV = ln 2

Topic: Physics, Thermodynamics, NEET
A flask containing air is heated from 300 K to 500 K. The percentage of air escaped to the atmosphere is nearly

Options:
A 40%
B 30%
C 80%
D 66%

The correct answer is:
66%

Solution:
V1T1=V2T2
V1300=V2500, V2=1.66 V
Volume escape= 1.66 V-V=0.66 V
=66%

Topic: Chemistry, States of Matter, NEET
A fleshy folds of tissue, which extends down from mons pubis and surrounds vaginal orifice is

Options:
A labia minora
B labia majora
C clitoris
D hymen

The correct answer is:
labia majora

Solution:
The labia majora is a prominent pair of cutaneous skin folds that forms the lateral longitudinal borders of the vulval clefts. The labia majora forms the folds that cover the labia minora.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
A flowering plant with scutellum in its seeds has

Options:
A unitegmic ovule
B bitegmic ovule
C ategmic ovule
D polytegmic ovule

The correct answer is:
bitegmic ovule

Solution:
The scutellum is the single cotyledon in monocots. Monocots have two integuments in their ovule (bitegmic). The nucellus in monocots is made up of many layers and is massive. This is called the crassinucellate type of ovule. Thin, single layer nucellus is seen in the tenuinucellate ovule. It is seen in members of the Gamopetalae group.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
A fluid having a thermal coefficient of volume expansion Î³ is filled in a cylindrical vessel up to a height h0. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the material of the vessel is Î±. If the fluid is heated with the vessel, then find the level of liquid when temperature increases by ÎÎ¸.

Options:
A h0(1+γΔθ)(1+2αΔθ)
B h0(1+γΔθ)(1+3αΔθ)
C h0(1+γΔθ)(1+αΔθ)
D h0(1+γΔθ)

The correct answer is:
h0(1+γΔθ)(1+2αΔθ)

Solution:
Abase=A01+βΔT=A0(1+2αΔθ )
Vfluid=V01+γΔT=A0h0(1+γΔθ)
Ah=A01+2αΔθh=A0h0(1+γΔθ)
h=h0(1+γΔθ)(1+2αΔθ)

Topic: Physics, Thermal Properties of Matter, NEET
A fluid is in streamline flow across a horizontal pipe of variable area of cross section. For this which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A The velocity is maximum at the narrowed part of the pipe and pressure is a maximum at the widest part of the pipe.
B Velocity and pressure both are maximum at the narrowest part of the pipe.
C Velocity and pressure both are maximum at the widest part of the pipe
D The velocity is minimum at the narrowest part of the pipe and the pressure is minimum at the widest part of the pipe.

The correct answer is:
The velocity is maximum at the narrowed part of the pipe and pressure is a maximum at the widest part of the pipe.

Solution:
The velocity is maximum at the narrows part of the pipe and pressure is maximum at the widest part of the pipe.
(Using equation of continuity $\mathrm{AV}=$ constant.)
And Bernoulli's theorem
$$
P+\frac{1}{2} \rho V^2=\text { constant }
$$

Topic: Physics, Mechanical Properties of Fluids, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
A fluid-filled double membranous layer surrounds the lungs. Name it.

Options:
A Pleura
B Trachae
C Alveoli
D Epiglottis

The correct answer is:
Pleura

Solution:
A fluid-filled double membranous layer surrounds the lungs and is called Pleura.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET