datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Select the correct name of each bacteria as A,B,C and D respectively.

Options:
A Cocci, Bacilli, Spirilla, Vibrio
B Spirilla, Vibrio, Cocci, Bacilli
C Cocci, Spirilla, Vibrio, Bacilli
D Vibrio, Bacilli, Cocci, Spirilla

The correct answer is:
Cocci, Bacilli, Spirilla, Vibrio

Solution:
Bacteria are grouped under four categories based on their shape: the spherical Coccus (pl.: cocci), the rod-shaped Bacillus (pl.: bacilli), the comma-shaped Vibrium (pl.: vibrio) and the spiral Spirillum (pl.: spirilla)

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the correct name of following organism .

Options:
A Ascidia
B Salpa
C Doliolum
D Branchiostoma

The correct answer is:
Ascidia

Solution:
Ascidia belongs to subphylum Urochordata

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Select the correct name of the diagram.

Options:
A RBCs
B WBCs
C Columnar Cells
D Mesyphyll Cells

The correct answer is:
Columnar Cells

Solution:
The following figure is of Columnar Cells

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Select the correct name of the diagram.

Options:
A RBCs
B WBCs
C Columnar Cells
D Mesyphyll Cells

The correct answer is:
WBCs

Solution:
The following figure is of WBCs.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Select the correct name of the diagram.

Options:
A RBCs
B WBCs
C Columnar Cells
D Mesyphyll Cells

The correct answer is:
Mesyphyll Cells

Solution:
The following figure is of Mesyphyll Cells

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Select the correct name of the diagram.

Options:
A Columnar Cells
B Mesophyll Cells
C Nerve Cells
D RBCs

The correct answer is:
Nerve Cells

Solution:
The following figure is of Nerve Cells

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Select the correct name of the diagram.

Options:
A Columnar Cells
B Mesophyll Cells
C Nerve Cells
D Tracheid

The correct answer is:
Tracheid

Solution:
The following figure is of Tracheid

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Select the correct name of the diagram.

Options:
A RBCs
B WBCs
C Columnar Cells
D Mesyphyll Cells

The correct answer is:
RBCs

Solution:
The following figure is of RBCs.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Select the correct name of the following figure.

Options:
A Stages of Meiosis I
B Stages of Mitosis I
C Stages of Meiosis II
D Stages of Mitosis II

The correct answer is:
Stages of Meiosis I

Solution:
The figure shows stages of Meiosis I

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Select the correct name of the following figure.

Options:
A Metaphase
B Anaphase
C Telophase
D Interphase

The correct answer is:
Telophase

Solution:
The following figure is that of Telophase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Select the correct name of the following figure.

Options:
A Metaphase
B Anaphase
C Telophase
D Interphase

The correct answer is:
Anaphase

Solution:
The following figure is that of Anaphase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Select the correct name of the following figure.

Options:
A Metaphase
B Anaphase
C Telophase
D Interphase

The correct answer is:
Interphase

Solution:
The following figure is that of Interphase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Select the correct name of the given figure.

Options:
A Early Prophase
B Transition to Metaphase
C Late Prophase
D Metaphase

The correct answer is:
Transition to Metaphase

Solution:
The following figure is that of Transition to Metaphase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Select the correct name of the given figure.

Options:
A Early Prophase
B Transition to Metaphase
C Late Prophase
D Metaphase

The correct answer is:
Late Prophase

Solution:
The following figure is that of Late Prophase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Select the correct name of the given figure.

Options:
A Early Prophase
B Transition to Metaphase
C Late Prophase
D Metaphase

The correct answer is:
Metaphase

Solution:
The following figure is that of Metaphase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Select the correct name of the given figure.

Options:
A Early Prophase
B Transition to Metaphase
C Late Prophase
D Metaphase

The correct answer is:
Early Prophase

Solution:
The following figure is that of Early Prophase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Select the CORRECT option:

1	Predation	(i)	Cattle and egret

2	Commensalism	(ii)	Human and Plasmodium vivax

3	Parasitism	(iii)	Fungi and bacteria

4	Amensalism	(iv)	Cat and rat

Options:
A

(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
(ii)	(i)	(iv)	(iii)

B

(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
(i)	(iv)	(iii)	(ii)

C

(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)

(iv)	(i)	(ii)	(iii)

D

(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
(iii)	(iv)	(ii)	(i)

The correct answer is:

(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)

(iv)	(i)	(ii)	(iii)

Solution:
Predation is the interaction where one organism (predator) kills the other organism (prey) to obtain food/energy. In it, only one species benefits (predator). Cat is the predator and rat is the prey.
In amensalism on the other hand one species is harmed whereas the other is unaffected.
Commensalism is the interaction where one species benefits and other is neither benefitted nor harmed in the process. Cattle and egret have such interaction where grazing activity of cattle stirs up the insects which is fed on by the egret, otherwise it is difficult to find them. Egret is benefitting without harming or benefitting the cattle.
Parasitism is similar to predation where the parasite feeds on the host for nutrient without killing it. Plasmodium vivax (parasite) is a pathogen which causes malaria in human (host).

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Select the correct option.

Options:
A 8th, 9th and 10th pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum.
B 11th and 12th pairs of ribs are connected to the sternum with the help of hyaline cartilage.
C Each rib is a flat thin bone and all the ribs are connected dorsally to the thoracic vertebrae and ventrally to the sternum.
D There are seven pairs of vertebrosternal, three pairs of vertebrochondral and two pairs of vertebral ribs.

The correct answer is:
There are seven pairs of vertebrosternal, three pairs of vertebrochondral and two pairs of vertebral ribs.

Solution:
Each rib is a thin flat bone connected dorsally to the vertebral column and ventrally to the sternum. It has two articulation surfaces on its dorsal end and is hence called bicephalic. First seven pairs of ribs are called true ribs. Dorsally, they are attached to the thoracic vertebrae and ventrally connected to the sternum with the help of hyaline cartilage. The 8th, 9th and 10th pairs of ribs do not articulate directly with the sternum but join the seventh rib with the help of hyaline cartilage. These are called vertebrochondral (false) ribs. Last 2 pairs (11th and 12th) of ribs are not connected ventrally and are therefore, called floating ribs. Thoracic vertebrae, ribs and sternum together form the rib cage.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
Select the correct option by analyzing the following statements.

(a) Aristotle classified plants into herbs, shrubs and trees on the basis of morphology.
(b) Two-kingdom classification by Linnaeus was based on the presence or absence of a cell wall.
(c) R.H. Whittaker included heterotrophic and chitinous-cell-wall-containing organisms in animals.

Options:
A a and c are correct.
B b and c are correct.
C b is incorrect.
D c is incorrect.

The correct answer is:
c is incorrect.

Solution:
Aristotle was the first to attempt a more scientific basis for classification. He used simple morphological characters to classify plants into trees, shrubs and herbs. He also divided animals into two groups; those which had red blood and those that did not. In Linnaeus' time, a two-kingdom system of classification with Plantae and Animalia kingdoms was developed that included all plants and animals, respectively. This system did not distinguish between the eukaryotes and prokaryotes, unicellular and multicellular organisms and photosynthetic (green algae) and non-photosynthetic (fungi) organisms.
R.H. Whittaker included heterotrophic and chitinous-cell-wall-containing organisms in a separate kingdom Fungi.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the correct option by identifying the relative contribution of various greenhouse gases to the total global warming.

Carbon
dioxide
(CO2)	Methane	CFC	N2O

1	50%	30%	14%	6%

2	60%	14%	20%	6%

3	60%	20%	14%	6%

4	40%	20%	20%	20%

Options:
A (1)
B (2)
C (3)
D (4)

The correct answer is:
(3)

Solution:

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Select the correct option.

Cause(s) of species extinction is/are:
a. Introduction of exotic species
b. Habitat destruction
c. Overexploitation

Options:
A Options a and b only
B Options a and c only
C Options b and c only
D All the 3 options

The correct answer is:
All the 3 options

Solution:
Species extinction is due to four different reasons: introduction of exotic species, habitat destruction, overexploitation and co-extinction. These major causes are also known as the 'evil quartet' of loss of biodiversity.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Select the correct option.

Column I	Column II

A.	Synapsis	1.	Pachytene

B.	Centromere split	2.	Zygotene

C.	The action of enzyme recombinase	3.	Anaphase II

D.	Centromeres do not split	4.	Anaphase I

Options:
A AÂ :2,Â BÂ :1,Â CÂ :3,Â DÂ :4
B A :2, B :3, C :1, D :4
C AÂ :1,Â BÂ :2,Â CÂ :3,Â DÂ :4
D AÂ :2,Â BÂ :3,Â CÂ :4,Â DÂ :1

The correct answer is:
A :2, B :3, C :1, D :4

Solution:
Synapsis is the pairing of the homologous chromosome, which occurs during zygotene. The centromere split and sister chromatids move to opposite pole during anaphase II. Recombinase enzyme carries out recombination or crossing over during pachytene of prophase I. Centromere does not split during anaphase I and disjunction of chromosomal pair occurs.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Select the correct option for A, B, C, and D given in the figure with respect to the relative contribution of various greenhouse gases to global warming.

Options:
A (A-CO2), (B-CFCs), (C-CH4), (D-NO2)
B (A-N2O), (B-CFCs), (C-CH4), (D-CO2)
C (A-N2O), (B-CH4), (C-CFCs), (D-CO2)
D (A-CH4), (B-CFCs), (C-N2O), (D-CO2)

The correct answer is:
(A-N2O), (B-CFCs), (C-CH4), (D-CO2)

Solution:

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Select the correct option for A, B, C & D.

Options:
A A- Fats, B- Proteins, C- PEP, D- Acetyl CoA
B A- Proteins, B- Fats, C- 3-PGAL, D- Acetyl CoA
C A- Fats, B- Proteins, C- 3-PGAL, D- Acetyl CoA
D A- Proteins, B- Fats, C- 3-PGAL, D- DHAP

The correct answer is:
A- Fats, B- Proteins, C- 3-PGAL, D- Acetyl CoA

Solution:
Fats would need to be broken down into glycerol and fatty acids first. If fatty acids were to be respired they would first be degraded to acetyl CoA and enter the pathway. Glycerol would enter the pathway after being converted to PGAL. The proteins would be degraded by proteases and the individual amino acids (after deamination) depending on their structure would enter the pathway at some stage within the Krebs' cycle or even as pyruvate or acetyl CoA. Fructose 1, 6- bisphosphate undergoes cleavage to form Dihydroxy acetone phosphate and 3-Phosphoglyceraldehyde.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Select the CORRECT option, for a somatic cell with 2n = 4.

Options:
A

No. of chromatids	No. of chromosomes
G1	2	4

B

No. of chromatids	No. of chromosomes
G2	4	4

C

No. of chromatids	No. of chromosomes

Prophase	8	4

D

No. of chromatids	No. of chromosomes
Metaphase	4	8

The correct answer is:

No. of chromatids	No. of chromosomes

Prophase	8	4

Solution:
Somatic cells are those cells whose genes will not be passed onto future generations. Somatic cells are diploid in nature. In mitosis the nucleus of the cell divides and forms two nuclei with identical genetic information. Mitosis is completed in the following stages i.e. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Prophase is the first phase of mitosis in which chromosome condenses and the nuclear envelope disappears. A chromosome consists of a single double-stranded DNA molecule while chromatids are two molecules of double-stranded DNA that joined together in the center by a centromere. So if no. of chromosomes in somatic cells is 4 then no.of chromatids will be 8.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Select the correct option for blanks A and b and complete the following sentence.

........A........ and ........B....... . are alcoholic beverages obtained without distillation.

Options:
A A-wine, B-beer
B A-whisky, B-rum
C A-wine, B-whisky
D A-rum, B-beer

The correct answer is:
A-wine, B-beer

Solution:
Alcoholic beverages are prepared by fermentation of fruit juices and malted cereals. Wine and beer are obtained by the distillation of the fermented broth. Whisky, rum and brandy are obtained by distillation.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Select the correct option for the following

A The cell cycle is divided into two basic phases ...(i)... and ...(ii)...

B During ...(iii).... cell is metabolically active and continuously grows.

C Centroile duplicates in the cytoplasm during ....(iv)......

Options:
A (i) Interphase (ii) M-phase (iii) G1 phase (iv) S phase
B (i) G1 phase (ii) S-phase (iii) Interphase (iv) S phase
C (i) Interphase (ii) M-phase (iii) G2 phase (iv) G1 phase
D (i) Karyokinesis (ii) Cytokinesis (iii) G1 phase (iv) S phase

The correct answer is:
(i) Interphase (ii) M-phase (iii) G1 phase (iv) S phase

Solution:
The cell cycle is divided into two phases interphase which is longer in duration than M-phase. Interphase consists of three subphases G1, S, and G2 phase. During the G1 phase cell is metabolically active and continuously grows. Duplication of centriole occurs during the S phase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Select the correct option for the given diagram.

Options:
A Citrus canker; Xanthomonas citri
B Late blight of potato; Phytophthora infestans
C Tomato chlorosis; Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV)
D Apple canker; Xanthomonas citri

The correct answer is:
Citrus canker; Xanthomonas citri

Solution:
Citrus canker is a bacterial disease caused in the citrus plants by Xanthomonas citri. In this brown corky, rings appear on leaves and fruits.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the correct option for the given figure.

Options:
A

I	Emigration

II	Mortality

N	Population

B

III	Emigration

IV	Natality

N	Population density

C

I	Immigration

II	Mortality

III	Emigration

IV	Natality

D

N	Population density

I	Emigration

III	Immigration

The correct answer is:

N	Population density

I	Emigration

III	Immigration

Solution:
N is the population density at time t, then its density at time t +1 is Nt+1 = Nt + [(Natality + Immigration) – (Mortality + Emigration )the population density will increase if the number of births plus the number of immigrants [(Natality + Immigration) is more than the number of deaths plus the number of emigrants (Mortality + Emigration )otherwise it will decrease. Under normal conditions, births and deaths are the most important factors influencing population density, the other two factors assuming importance only under special conditions. For instance, if a new habitat is just being colonised, immigration may contribute more significantly to population growth than birth rates.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Select the correct option for the matched pair.

Options:
A Viroid - Naked infective RNA
B Prion - Infectious protein affecting only plants
C Capsid - Protein coat of viroid
D Phytophage - dsDNA

The correct answer is:
Viroid - Naked infective RNA

Solution:
Viroids are naked infective RNA which are not surrounded by any protein coat. Prions are infective proteins which causes diseases only in animals. Protein coat of virus is known as a capsid. Phytophage are plant viruses which generally has ssRNA as the genetic material.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the correct option from the following.

Options:
A Macropus
B Macaca
C Pteropus
D Equus

The correct answer is:
Pteropus

Solution:
Pteropus (Flying fox) belong to class Mammalia

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Select the correct option:

I	II

(a)	Synapsis aligns homologous chromosomes	(i)	Anaphase – II

(b)	Synthesis of RNA and protein	(ii)	Zygotene

(c)	Action of enzyme recombinase	(iii)	G2 – phase

(d)	Centromeres do not separate but chromatids move towards opposite poles	(iv)	Anaphase – I

(v)	Pachytene

Options:
A (a)(ii) (b)(i) (c)(iii) (d)(iv)
B (a)(ii) (b)(iii) (c)(v) (d)(iv)
C (a)(i) (b)(ii) (c)(v) (d)(iv)
D (a)(ii) (b)(iii) (c)(iv) (d)(v)

The correct answer is:
(a)(ii) (b)(iii) (c)(v) (d)(iv)

Solution:
Synapsis of homologous chromosome - Zygotene.
Synthesis of RNA & protein - G2 phase.
Action of enzyme recombinase - Pachytene.
Centromeres do not separate but chromatid move towards opposite pole - Anaphase-I.

In Anaphase-II, the centromere splits and each half chromosome moves to opposite poles.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Select the correct option in which all plants belongs to same angiospermic family.

Options:
A Aloe, Petunia, Lupin
B Atropa, Mulatthi, Asparagus
C Sesbania, Trifolium, Lupin
D Sesbania, Indigofera, Colchicum

The correct answer is:
Sesbania, Trifolium, Lupin

Solution:
Sesbania and Trifolium are used as fodder and Lupin is grown as ornamental plant and are member of Fabaceae family.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Select the correct option regarding respiratory volumes.

Options:
A Total capacity of lungs = Vital capacity + Tidal air
B Vital capacity of lungs = Total lung capacity - Residual air
C Vital capacity of lungs = Tidal air + Complemental air
D Total capacity of lungs = Tidal air + Complemental air + Supplemental air

The correct answer is:
Vital capacity of lungs = Total lung capacity - Residual air

Solution:
Vital capacity of lungs is the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after forced expiration. This includes ERV, TV, and IRV or the maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration.
VC = TV + ERV + RV
Total lung capacity is the sum of the vital capacity and residual volume i.e.,
TLC = VC + RV
Hence, VC = TV - RV

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Select the correct option regarding restriction endonuclease

P. 900 restriction enzymes have been isolated from over 200 strains.
Q. The first restriction exonuclease was Hind II.
R. Each restriction endonuclease recognises same palindromic sequence.

Options:
A All are incorrect
B P and Q are correct
C Q and R are incorrect
D All are correct

The correct answer is:
All are incorrect

Solution:
The first restriction endonuclease-Hind II, whose functioning depended on a specific DNA nucleotide sequence was isolated and characterised five years later. It was found that Hind II always cut DNA molecules at a particular point by recognising a specific sequence of six base pairs. This specific base sequence is known as the recognition sequence for Hind II. Besides Hind II, today we know more than 900 restriction enzymes that have been isolated from over 230 strains of bacteria each of which recognise different recognition sequences. Each restriction endonuclease recognises specific palindromic sequence.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Select the correct option regarding the wall of parenchyma.

A. Thick
B. Made of pectin
C. Thin
D. Made of cellulose

Options:
A A and B
B A and D
C B and C
D C and D

The correct answer is:
C and D

Solution:
Parenchyma forms the major component within organs. The cells of the parenchyma are generally isodiametric. They may be spherical, oval, round, polygonal or elongated in shape. Their walls are thin and made up of cellulose.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Select the correct option regarding Whittaker's five kingdom classification.

Options:
A It differentiates between heterotrophic fungi and autotrophic green plants.
B Chlamydomonas and Mushroom were placed together in algae
C Paramecium and Chlorella were placed in same kingdom
D Both A and C

The correct answer is:
Both A and C

Solution:
R. H. Whittaker classified living world into five kingdoms. All prokaryotes were placed in kingdom Monera. All unicellular eukaryotes like Paramecium, Chlorella and Chlamydomonas were placed together in kingdom Protista. All multicellular eukaryotes were separated on the basis of mode of nutrition, autotrophs were placed in kingdom plantae, heterotrophic fungi were placed in kingdom mycota and animals were placed in kingdom animalia.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Select the correct option to illustrate the concept of taxa?

Options:
A Wheat is a taxa
B Plants form a taxa
C Animals form a taxa
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
Wheat, plants, animals, mammals, dogs are all taxa, but they represent different levels of taxa.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Select the correct option which represents A, B, C and D respectively.

Options:
A Homo, Hexapoda, Magifera indica, Dicotyledonae
B Sapiens, Hexapoda, Mangifera indica, Monocotyledonae
C Homo, Insecta, Mangifera indica, Monocotyledonae
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Homo, Insecta, Mangifera indica, Monocotyledonae

Solution:
A, B, C and D respectively are Homo, Insecta, Mangifera indica, Monocotyledonae

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Select the correct option which represents A, B, C and D respectively.

Options:
A Mammalia, Diptera, Anacardiaceae, Poales
B Mammalia, Hexapoda, Anacardiaceae, Liliacae
C Vertebrata, Diptera, Anacardiaceae, Poales
D Mammalia, Hexapoda, Fabaecae, Liliacae

The correct answer is:
Mammalia, Diptera, Anacardiaceae, Poales

Solution:
Homo sapiens are mammalians. Housefly belongs to order Diptera. Mango is in the family Anacardiaceae and wheat belongs to order Poales.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Select the correct option which represents A, B, C and D respectively.

Options:
A Chordata, Musca insecta, Gymnosperms, Aestivum
B Chordata, Hexapoda, Angiosperma, Liliacae
C Vertebrata, Diptera, Angispermae, Triticum
D Chordata, Musca Domestica, Angispermae, Triticum

The correct answer is:
Chordata, Musca Domestica, Angispermae, Triticum

Solution:
A, B, C and D respectively are [D]Chordata, Musca Domestica, Angispermae, Triticum

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Select the correct option with respect to thermal pollution.

Options:
A Speeds up biodegradation of organic matter
B Leads to the death of temperature-sensitive organisms
C Increases the rate of metabolism and microbial activity
D Enhances the growth of aquatic life without harming the indigenous species

The correct answer is:
Leads to the death of temperature-sensitive organisms

Solution:
Thermal pollution damages the natural environment, due to which the metabolism of the organism decreases and ultimately causes death. Optimum temperature increases the metabolic rate but high temperature disrupts the enzymatic activity. Also decreases the oxygen content of water. It may enhance the growth of plants and fish in extremely cold areas but, only after causing damage to the indigenous flora and fauna.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Select the correct option:

Options:
A

Direction of RNA synthesis	Direction of reading of the template DNA strand

5'-3'	3'-5'

B

Direction of RNA synthesis	Direction of reading of the template DNA strand

3'-5'	5'-3'

C

Direction of RNA synthesis	Direction of reading of the template DNA strand

5'-3'	5'-3'

D

Direction of RNA synthesis	Direction of reading of the template DNA strand

3'-5'	3'-5'

The correct answer is:

Direction of RNA synthesis	Direction of reading of the template DNA strand

5'-3'	3'-5'

Solution:
The RNA polymerase enzyme proceeds to synthesize RNA in 5I to 3I direction and the template DNA shows the opposite polarity of 3I to 5I direction.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2014