datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
The fleshy receptacle of syconous of fig encloses a number of

Options:
A achenes
B samaras
C berries
D mericarps

The correct answer is:
achenes

Solution:
Syconus is a composite fruit develops from hypanthodium inflorescence, eg, Ficus carica, Ficus benghalensis. The flask-shaped receptacle encloses female flowers that give rise to achene-like fruitlets. This fruit possesses a small pore protected by scaly leaves. The receptacle that becomes fleshy is edible.
Samara is a single seeded, dry indehiscent fruit. Its pericarp becomes membranous and flat-like wings thathelp in dispersal, eg, Utmus, Holoptelia indica.
A berry is a pulpy-indehiscent, few to multiseeded fruit derived from multicarpellary syncarpous gynoecium. The fleshy pericarp of berry consists of three parts-epicarp that make the rind of fruit, mesocarp and endocarp.
Schizocarpic fruits are simple, dry, multiseeded fruits, which breakup into single seeded parts. The single seeded parts, which further do not dehisce are called mericarps.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
The flippers of the Penguins and Dolphins are the example of the

Options:
A Natural selection
B Convergent evolution
C Divergent evolution
D Adaptive radiation

The correct answer is:
Convergent evolution

Solution:
The correct answer is option (2), because the flippers of the Penguins and Dolphins perform similar function but they are not anatomically similar structures. This is example of analogous structures.
- Option (1) is incorrect as natural selection is a key mechanism of evolution.
- Option (3) is incorrect as divergent evolution results in the formation of homologous structures.
- Option (4) is incorrect as adaptive radiation is the process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and literally radiating to the other areas of geography.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2024
The floral characteristics of china rose are

Options:
A actinomorphic, hypogynous with twisted aestivation.
B actinomorphic, epigynous with valvate aestivation.
C zygomorphic, hypogynous with imbricate aestivation.
D zygomorphic, egigynous with twisted aestivation.

The correct answer is:
actinomorphic, hypogynous with twisted aestivation.

Solution:
In China rose (Hibiscus rosa sinensis) the flower is actinomorphic, it is hypogynous and sepals and petals have twisted aestivation. China rose is a member of Malvaceae family.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The floral diagram represented below will be seen in which set of plants?

Options:
A Gram, groundnut and lupin
B Tomato, brinjal and potato
C Gloriosa, Aloe, and Asparagus
D Mustard, cabbage, and cauliflower

The correct answer is:
Mustard, cabbage, and cauliflower

Solution:
From the given floral diagram, the plant has 4 sepals, 4 petals, 6 stamens and an ovary having 2 locules (bicarpellary syncarpous gynoecium). This type of flower is characteristically seen in the family Brassicaceae which includes mustard, cabbage and cauliflower. Gram, groundnut and lupin belong to family Fabaceae. Tomato, brinjal and potato belong to family Solanaceae. Gloriosa, Aloe and Asparagus belong to family Liliaceae.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The Floral Diagram represents which one of the following families ?

Options:
A Fabaceae
B Brassicaceae
C Solanaceae
D Liliaceae

The correct answer is:
Brassicaceae

Solution:
Above mentioned floral diagram is of the family Brassicaceae. It is indicated by two unique characters-(1) Tetrameric flower i.e., (four petalled cross-shaped) and (2) Tetradynamous condition of stamens (two long and two short).

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 2)
The floral formula for Brassicaceae family is

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Brassicaceae is the family of mustard.
Its floral formula is
The floral diagram is represented by

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The floral formula
is that of

Options:
A tulip
B soybean
C sunnhemp
D tobacco

The correct answer is:
tobacco

Solution:
Tobacco belongs to family-Solanaceae. It's floral formula is

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
The flower in the given diagram depicts the flower of

Options:
A Guava
B Cucumber
C Ray florets of sunflower
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
The female reproductive part of the flower known as gynoecium consists of stigma, style and ovary. After fertilization ovary develops into a fruit. Based on the location ovary can be superior or inferior. The ovary is inferior to other floral parts in epigynous flowers and superior in hypogynous flowers. When it is at the level of other floral parts, the flowers are called perigynous. Cucumber, guava and ray florets of sunflower have epigynous flower and hence have an inferior ovary.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The flowers are Zygomorphic in :

(a) Mustard

(b) Gulmohar

(c) Cassia

(d) Datura

(e) Chilly

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options:
A (b), (c) Only
B (d), (e) Only
C (c), (d), (e) Only
D (a), (b), (c) Only

The correct answer is:
(b), (c) Only

Solution:
In symmetry, the flower may be actinomorphic (radial symmetry) or zygomorphic (bilateral symmetry). When a flower can be divided into two equal radial halves in any radial plane passing through the centre, it is said to be actinomorphic, e.g., mustard, datura, chilli. When it can be divided into two similar halves only in one particular vertical plane, it is zygomorphic, e.g., pea, gulmohur, bean, Cassia.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 1)
The 'Fluid Mosaic Model' of plasma membrane was proposed by

Options:
A Schleiden& Schwann
B Rudolf Virchow
C Singer & Nicolson
D Schwann& Nicolson

The correct answer is:
Singer & Nicolson

Solution:
In Eukaryotes the cell membrane is explained as Fluid Mosaic Model by Schleiden and Schwann. According to this model the plasma membrane is made up of Lipids and Proteins. The lipids are arranged in a bilayer. The lipids present are phospholipids. These are arranged in such a way that the polar heads are towards the outer side and hydrophobic ends are towards the inner side. The ratio of proteins and lipids are different in different cell types. In humans it is seen that around 40 percent is lipid and 52 percent is protein. This was explained as Fluid Mosaic model. This explains that the quasi- fluid nature of lipid causes the movement of proteins throughout the bilayer structure. This is termed as fluidity.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
The fluid which is present outside the cell in interstitial space forms due to

Options:
A the leakage of fluid outside the blood vessels.
B the secretions of the choroid plexus of the brain.
C the gaseous diffusion across the alveoli.
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
the leakage of fluid outside the blood vessels.

Solution:
Hydrostatic pressure is generated by the contractions of the heart during systole. It pushes water out of the in the capillaries. This fluid leaks from the blood vessels and constitutes the lymph.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
The fluoride for which the dipole moment is not equal to zero, is :

Options:
A XeF 4
B CF 4
C SF 4
D PF 4

The correct answer is:
SF 4

Solution:
As per VSEPR Theory
XeF 4 â H â 1 2 8 + 4 = sp 3 d 2 6
Geometry square planar with 2 L.P.
Î¼ â = 0 (symmetry)
CF 4 â H â 1 2 4 + 4 = sp 3 4
Tetrahedral geometry
Î¼ â = 0 (symmetry)
PF 5 â H = 1 2 5 + 5 = sp 3 d 5
Trigonal bipyramidal
Î¼ â = 0 (Symmetry)
SF 4 â H = 1 2 6 + 4 = sp 3 d 5
With one L.P see saw geometry
Î¼ â â 0 has a value

Î¼ > 0 due to two S - F bonds in equatorial plane.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
The flux associated with a coil changes from 1.35 Wb to 0.79 Wb within 110 s. Then the charge which flows in the coil, if resistance of coil is 7 Î© is

Options:
A 0.08 C
B 0.8 C
C 0.008 C
D 8 C

The correct answer is:
0.08 C

Solution:
As, I=ER=dϕRdt
⇒Idt=dϕR
Integrating,
∫Idt=∫dϕR
⇒q=ϕR
If coil contains N turns, then q=NϕR.
If there is flux change Δϕ, then q=NΔϕR.
⇒q=17×1.35-0.79=0.08 C

Topic: Physics, Electromagnetic Induction, NEET
The flux linked with a coil at any instant â²tâ² is given by Ï=10t2-50t+250. The induced emf at t=3 s is

Options:
A 10 V
B 190 V
C -190 V
D -10 V

The correct answer is:
-10 V

Solution:
flux Ï=10t2-50t+250
therefore induced emf is
Îµ=-dÏdt
Îµ=-20t-50 V
at t=3 s
Îµ=-20) (3-50
Îµ=-10 V

Topic: Physics, Electromagnetic Induction, NEET
The focal length of a simple convex lens used as a magnifier is 10 cm . For the image to be formed at a distance of distinct vision D=25 cm , the object must be placed away from the lens nearly at a distance of

Options:
A 5 cm
B 7 cm
C 8 cm
D 16 cm

The correct answer is:
16 cm

Solution:
f=+10 cm.
v=25 cm.
1v-1u=1f
125-1u=110
10-25250=1u
u=16 cm

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
The foetal ejection reflex in humans triggers the release of:

Options:
A oxytocin from foetal pituitary
B human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) from placenta
C human placental lactogen (hPL) from placenta
D oxytocin from maternal pituitary.

The correct answer is:
oxytocin from maternal pituitary.

Solution:
Signals of parturition originate in the form of mild uterine contraction. The foetus signals that is ready (mature) by secreting certain hormones which diffuse through placenta into mother's blood and cause secretion of oxytocin which initiate uterine contractions. These are called foetal ejection reflexes. It is accompanied by rise in oestrogen to progesterone ratio, increase in oxytocin receptors in uterine muscles, increase in level of oxytocin secretion by mother's pituitary gland.
Related Theory
As onset of labour cause complete dilation of cervix, uterine contractions begin from top. They force the baby towards cervix. Contractions are accompanied by pain caused by compression of blood. These confractions are under positive feedback. Oxytocin induce uterine contractions which in turn caused increased oxytocin secretion. Relaxin hormone produced by the placenta increases flexibility of pubic symphysis and dilates uterine cavity which helps in pushing the baby down into the cervix. This results in rupturing of amniotic membrane and flowing out of amniotic fluid.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
The foetal ejection reflex is induced by

Options:
A Well developed foetus
B Placenta
C Undeveloped foetus
D ​Both (A) & (B)

The correct answer is:
​Both (A) & (B)

Solution:
Process of parturition:
A. Fully developed foetus and the placenta gives signals for parturition.
B. Initiation of mild uterine contractions called foetal ejection reflex.
C. Release of oxytocin from the maternal pituitary.
D. Oxytocin causes stronger uterine contractions which further stimulates the secretion of oxytocin.
E. Stimulatory reflex between the uterine contraction and oxytocin secretion continues making the uterine contractions stronger, finally leading to parturition.
F. The placenta is also expelled out of the uterus after parturition.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
The following are some of the methods commonly employed for the extraction of metals from their ores. Which of the following methods is generally employed for the extraction of sodium?

Options:
A Reduction of an oxide with coke
B Electrolysis of an aqueous solution of a chloride
C Electrolysis of a molten chloride containing CaCl2
D Reduction of a chloride with more reactive metal

The correct answer is:
Electrolysis of a molten chloride containing CaCl2

Solution:
Sodium metal, being strong reducing agent, is obtained by electrolytic reduction of molten chloride containing CaCl2 in order to lower m.p. of the molten chloride.

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
The following are the statements about non-chordates:
A. Pharynx is perforated by gill slits.
B. Notochord is absent.
C. Central nervous system is dorsal.
D. Heart is dorsal if present.
E. Post anal tail is absent.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Options:
A A, B \& D only
B $\mathrm{B}, \mathrm{D}$ \& E only
C B, C \& D only
D A \& C only

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{B}, \mathrm{D}$ \& E only

Solution:
The correct answer is option no. (2) as the features of non-chordates among the given statements are:
B. Notochord is absent.
D. Heart is dorsal if present.
E. Post anal tail is absent.
Statements A and C are features of chordates.
Hence, option (2) is correct and options (1), (3) and (4) are incorrect.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2024
The following biomolecules are arranged in increasing order of their average percentage composition of the total cellular mass. Which of these orders is correct?

Options:
A Ions < Lipids< Carbohydrates < Nucleic acids < Proteins
B Lipids < Ions< Carbohydrates < Nucleic acids < Proteins
C Ions < Carbohydrates< Lipids < Nucleic acids < Proteins
D Ions < Nucleic acids < Carbohydrates < Lipids < Proteins

The correct answer is:
Ions < Lipids< Carbohydrates < Nucleic acids < Proteins

Solution:
Maximum percentage is water in the cells. This is around 70-90%. Out of macromolecules proteins are highest that accounts for 10-15% of total cellular mass. This is followed by nucleic acids (5-7%) and then carbohydrates (3%). Lipids and ions constitute only 2% and 1% respectively.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
The following blanks can be filled only by numbers.

1. Gregor Mendel conducted hybridisation experiments on garden peas for (P) years.
2. Mendel selected (Q) true-breeding pea plant varieties.
3. In a human population, there are (R) alleles for ABO Blood group.
4. In Drosophila, genes for white eye and yellow body show (S)% recombination.

The correct arrangement is

Options:
A P < Q < R < S
B R < P < Q < S
C S < R < P < Q
D R < S < Q < P

The correct answer is:
S < R < P < Q

Solution:
Gregor Mendel, conducted hybridisation experiments on garden peas for 7 years (1856-1863) and proposed the laws of inheritance in living organisms. Mendel selected 14 true-breeding pea plant varieties, as pairs which were similar except for one character with contrasting traits. In a human population there are 3 alleles for ABO Blood group (IA, IB and i). In Drosophila, genes for white eye and yellow body show 1.3 % recombination

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
The following carbohydrate is

Options:
A An aldohexose
B A ketohexose
C An α - pyranose
D An α - furanose

The correct answer is:
An aldohexose

Solution:
It is the structure of an aldohexose that is glucose.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
The following compounds are intermediates in the pathway of photorespiration

I. phosphoglycolate II. serine III. glyoxylate IV. glycine

The correct sequence of their appearance in the pathway is

Options:
A I, II, III, IV
B I, III, IV, II
C II, I, III, IV
D II, I, IV, III

The correct answer is:
I, III, IV, II

Solution:
Photorespiration is a metabolic process occurring in C3 plants, which is dependent on light and results in evolution of CO2 . Rubisco enzyme catalyses fixation of O2 instead of CO2 fixation which occurs during dark phase of photosynthesis. During this process 3-phosphoglycerate and 2-phosphoglycolate are formed, out of which 2-phosphoglycolate are not useful to the plants and it might interfere in functioning of chloroplast. Overall photorespiration pathway involves movement of intermediate metabolites in various cell organelles.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
The following conversion is known as

Options:
A Etard reaction
B Rosenmund reaction
C Stephen reaction
D Gattermann-Koch reaction

The correct answer is:
Rosenmund reaction

Solution:
Hydrogenation of Acyl chloride in the presence of catalyst palladium on barium sulphate to form aldehyde is known as Rosenmund reaction.

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
The following data are obtained when dinitrogen and dioxygen react together to form different compounds:
Which law of chemical combination is obeyed by the above experimental data? Give its statement.

Options:
A It obeys the law of multiple proportions which states that when two elements combine to form multiple compounds, the ratios of the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element can be expressed in small, whole-number ratios.
B It obeys the law of multiple proportions which asserts that the mass of an element is directly proportional to its atomic number.
C It obeys the law of multiple proportions which claims that when two elements combine, the resulting compound will always have a mass greater than the sum of the masses of the individual elements.
D It obeys the law of multiple proportions which postulates that elements can combine in any proportion to form compounds, and the resulting masses are always in a continuous spectrum.

The correct answer is:
It obeys the law of multiple proportions which states that when two elements combine to form multiple compounds, the ratios of the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element can be expressed in small, whole-number ratios.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
It obeys the law of multiple proportions which states that when two elements combine to form multiple compounds, the ratios of the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element can be expressed in small, whole-number ratios.

Topic: Chemistry, Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, NEET
The following data were obtained at a certain temperature for the decomposition of NH3 in contact with catalyst.

P(mn)	25	50	100

t 1/2	1.82	0.91	0.45

The order of reaction is

Options:
A 2
B 3
C 1
D 4

The correct answer is:
2

Solution:
Applying half life method to find order of reaction given below
t 1/2 1 2 t 1/2 2 = a 2 a 1 n−1
1.820.91=5025n-1
2=2n-1
or n â1 = 1
n = 2 .

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
The following data were obtained during the first order thermal decomposition of N2O5(g) at constant volume: 2N2O5(g) → 2N2O4(g) + O2
Calculate the rate constant

Options:
A 9.35 × 10-4s-1
B 6.26 × 10-4s-1
C 4.98 × 10-4s-1
D 1.12 × 10-4s-1

The correct answer is:
4.98 × 10-4s-1

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
4.98 × 10-4s-1

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
The following data were obtained during the first order thermal decomposition of SO2Cl2at a constant volume- SO2Cl2(g)→ SO2(g) + Cl2(g)
Calculate the rate of the reaction when total pressure is 0.65 atm

Options:
A 3.6 ×10–4atm s–1
B 7.8 ×10–4atm s–1
C 9.03 ×10–4atm s–1
D 13.33 ×10–4atm s–1

The correct answer is:
7.8 ×10–4atm s–1

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
7.8 ×10–4atm s–1

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
The following data were obtained from the first order decomposition of 2 AgâBg+C(S) at a constant volume and at a particular temperature

S No.	Time	Total pressure in Pascal

1	At the end of 10 min	300

2	After completion	200

The rate constant in min-1 is

Options:
A 0.0693
B 69.3
C 6.93
D 6.93×10-4

The correct answer is:
0.0693

Solution:
2 A â B + C t=0 2 P 0 - After 10 min 2 P - 2x x - After completion 0 P -
Given, P = 200 {after the completion}
2P-x=300 (at the end of 10 min)
x =100
k=2.30310log200100=0.0693 min-1

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
The following diagram is what a nurse saw on a patient's ECG trace, which measures the electrical impulse passed by the heart in one heartbeat. The first arrow on the left signifies the beginning of the beat and the second arrow on the right signifies the end of the beat.

How many beats per minute did the nurse find in this patient?

Options:
A 100
B 75
C 60
D 54

The correct answer is:
75

Solution:
The given ECG represents a normal P-wave followed by the QRS complex and then the T-wave. ECG is the representation of the electrical activity of the heartbeats. The normal reading of the beats is 72/minute the range varying from 60-90 beats per minute. In the given ECG we see no abnormality and it represents a normal activity of the heart, therefore the most suitable reading it will show is 75 beats /minute.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
The following diagram showing restriction sites in $E$. coli cloning vector pBR322. Find the role of ' $X$ and ' $Y$ genes:

Options:
A The gene ' $X$ ' is responsible for controlling the copy number of the linked DNA and ' $Y$ ' for protein involved in the replication of Plasmid.
B The gene ' $X$ ' is for protein involved in replication of Plasmid and ' $Y$ ' for resistance to antibiotics.
C Gene ' $X$ ' is responsible for recognitions sites and ' $Y$ 's responsible for antibiotic resistance.
D The gene ' $X$ ' is responsible for resistance to antibiotics and ' $Y$ ' for protein involved in the replication of Plasmid.

The correct answer is:
The gene ' $X$ ' is responsible for controlling the copy number of the linked DNA and ' $Y$ ' for protein involved in the replication of Plasmid.

Solution:
Correct answer is option (1), because
' $X$ ' in the given diagram is ori while ' $Y$ ' is rop.
' $X$ ' which is ori is responsible for controlling the copy number of the linked DNA and ' $Y$ which is rop codes for protein involved in the replication of plasmid.
Options (2), (3) and (4) are incorrect as ' $X$ ' and ' $Y$ ' are not related to these functions.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET, NEET 2024
The following diagrams are the age pyramids of different populations.

Select the CORRECT statements regarding the above:

Options:
A A - It is a pyramid-shaped age pyramid indicating decreasing population growth.
B B - It is a bell-shaped pyramid indicating stable population.
C C - It is an urn-shaped pyramid indicating increased population growth.
D All statements are correct.

The correct answer is:
B - It is a bell-shaped pyramid indicating stable population.

Solution:
A-Age pyramid having higher population of pre-reproductive individuals, moderate number of reproductive individuals and low post-reproductive individual count forms the proper upright triangular shape. It represents growing population or expanding one.
C-If the count of reproductive population is higher than the pre-reproductive population, the age pyramid forms an urn shape. It represents declining or diminishing population with low natality.
B-For a bell-shaped age pyramid, the population of pre-reproductive and reproductive groups is almost equal. Post reproductive population is low. Such age pyramid shows stable or stationary population, neither growing nor diminishing.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
The following equilibrium are given:
$$
\begin{array}{ll}
\mathrm{N}_2+3 \mathrm{H}_2 \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{NH}_3 & \mathrm{~K}_1 \\
\mathrm{~N}_2+\mathrm{O}_2 \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{NO} & \mathrm{K}_2 \\
\mathrm{H}_2+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_2 \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} & \mathrm{K}_3
\end{array}
$$
The equilibrium constant of the reaction
$$
2 \mathrm{NH}_3+\frac{5}{2} \mathrm{O}_2 \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{NO}+3 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}
$$
in terms of $\mathrm{K}_1, \mathrm{~K}_2$ and $\mathrm{K}_3$ is:

Options:
A $\mathrm{K}_1 \mathrm{~K}_2 \mathrm{~K}_3$
B $\mathrm{K}_1 \mathrm{~K}_2 / \mathrm{K}_3$
C $\mathrm{K}_1 \mathrm{~K}_3{ }^2 / \mathrm{K}_2$
D $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{~K}_3^3 / \mathrm{K}_1$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{~K}_3^3 / \mathrm{K}_1$

Solution:
The given equation can be obtained by adding eq. I and III and subtracting eq. II.
$\text { equilibrium constant }=\frac{\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{~K}_3^3}{\mathrm{~K}_3}$

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Equilibrium, NEET, NEET 2003