datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Consider the following statements about biomedical technologies
A. During open heart surgery blood is circulated in the heart-lung machine.
B. Blockage in coronary arteries is removed by angiography.
C. Computerised Axial Tomography (CAT) shows detailed internal structure as seen in a section of body.
D. X-ray provides clear and detailed images of organs like prostate glands and lungs.
Which two of the above statements are correct?

Options:
A B and D
B C and D
C A and C
D A and B

The correct answer is:
A and C

Solution:
It is almost impossible to repair intracardiac defects surgically while, the heart is still pumping. Therefore, many types of artificial lung machines have been developed to take the place of heart and lungs during the course of operation. Angiography is radiographic visualization of blood vessels of a region/organ after injecting a radio-opaque/contrast agent computerised axial tomography (CAT) shows detailed internal structures as seen in a section of body (eg, iodine) or fluorsocopic chemical. Digital subtraction angiography is an imaging technique that produces clear views of flowing blood in vessels and indicates the presence of blockage.
$\mathrm{X}$-rays have a remarkable ability to penetrate materials, which do not transmit visible light. X-rays imaging is commonly employed for diagnosing disease of heart, lungs and bones.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Consider the following statements and choose the correct option
(i) Addition of CdCl2 to the Crystals of AgCl will produce cation vacancy
(ii) Addition of NaCl to the crystals of AgCl would not produce cation vacancy

Options:
A Both (i) and (ii) are true
B Only (i) is true
C Only (ii) is true
D Both are false

The correct answer is:
Both (i) and (ii) are true

Solution:
Both statements are correct. Addition of di positive ion to the Crystals of mono positive ion will produce cation vacancy

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Consider the following statements and select the correct option stating which ones are true (T) and which ones are false (F).

(i) Pyramid of biomass is upright in the forest ecosystem and inverted in the grassland ecosystem.
(ii) Pyramid of numbers is inverted in grassland and upright in aquatic ecosystem.
(iii) Pyramid of energy depicts the rate of energy flow or productivity at successive trophic levels.
(iv) Ecological pyramids have no place for detritivores and decomposers though they play an important role in an ecosystem.

Options:
A

i	ii	iii	iv
F	F	T	T

B

i	ii	iii	iv
T	F	T	T

C

i	ii	iii	iv
F	T	F	F

D

i	ii	iii	iv
T	F	F	T

The correct answer is:

i	ii	iii	iv
F	F	T	T

Solution:
The graphical representation of biomass or bioproductivity of a food chain or ecosystem for each trophic level is called ecological pyramid. Pyramid of energy represent the flow of energy and the amount of energy at each trophic level. It is always upright.
Pyramid of numbers shows the count of population in each level for that ecosystem irrespective of the biomass content. Depending on the type of ecosystem the pyramid can be upright or not. For ecosystem having a single tree as producer and aquatic ecosystem, the number pyramid is inverted.
Ecological pyramids have no place for detritivores and decomposers though they play an important role in an ecosystem.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Consider the following statements and select the correct option that fills in the blanks.

I. A ......... food chain begins with dead organic matter.

II. In xerarch succession the series progress from ................ conditions.

III. Breaking down of detritus into small particles by earthworm is called .........

Options:
A

I	II	III

Grazing	Xeric to mesic	Catabolism

B

I	II	III

Detritus	Xeric to mesic	Fragmentation

C

I	II	III

Detritus	Mesic to xeric	Mineralization

D

I	II	III

Parasitic	Mesic to xeric	Humification

The correct answer is:

I	II	III

Detritus	Xeric to mesic	Fragmentation

Solution:
Detritus is the dead organic material that includes the parts or bodies of dead organisms and their fecal matter. These organic contents are broken down into inorganic substances by the process called decomposition. Decomposition is a multi-step process where fragmentation is one of them. In fragmentation the detritus matter is broken down to smaller pieces, generally brought about by earthworm. Food chain starting with dead organic matter is termed as a detritus food chain (DFC).
Ecological succession is a sequential successive stage-wise process of conversion of barren land to a stable thriving ecosystem (climax). The development stages of the community in the ecological succession are called as seral stage and the ultimate stage is termed as climax. Hydrarch succession takes place in wetter areas and the successional series progress from hydric to the mesic conditions. As against this, xerarch succession takes place in dry areas and the series progress from xeric to mesic conditions.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Consider the following statements and state whether true(T) or false(F):

(i) Nuclear fission is normally followed by emission of β-- particles.

(ii) Emission of α- particle is normally followed by emission of γ-rays

(iii) As the mass number A increases, the binding energy per nucleon in a nucleus also increases

Choose the correct order from the options given below.

Options:
A T T T
B T T F
C F T T
D T F T

The correct answer is:
T T F

Solution:
(i) Nuclear fission results in fragments whose neutron/proton ratio is higher than the required value (N/P ratios is greater for heavier nuclei). To reduce the N/P ratio these fragments undergo Î²-decays in which a neutron is converted into a proton.

(ii) Some of the energy generated in Î±-emission goes into nuclear excitation. The excited nucleus returns to ground state by Î³-emission.

(iii) the binding energy per nucleon in a nucleus varies in a way that depends on the actual value of A

Topic: Physics, Atomic Physics, NEET
Consider the following statements. Apical dominance in plants

I. Allows plant growth
II. Retards the growth of lateral buds
III. Enhances the growth of lateral buds.

Which of these statements is/are correct?

Options:
A I alone
B II alone
C III alone
D I and II

The correct answer is:
I and II

Solution:
The auxins in apical bud inhibit the development of lateral buds and the phenomenon is called apical dominance, but it allows apical growth. Recent investigations support that auxins induce the formation of ethylene which acts as inhibitor for lateral buds.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Consider the following statements concerning food chains
A. removal of $80 \%$ tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation
B. removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers
C. the length of food chains is generally limited to 3-4 trophic levels due to energy loss
D. the length of food chains may vary from 2 to 8 trophic levels
Which two of the above statements are correct?

Options:
A B and C
B C and D
C A and D
D A and B

The correct answer is:
B and C

Solution:
The series of organisms eating one and being eaten by other is called food chain. A simple food chain consists of producers, herbivores and carnivores. The length of food chain is generally limited to 3-4 trophic levels due to energy loss. In grazing food chain the producers (ie, plants) are eaten by herbivores (ie, rabbit, deer, cow etc) and the herbivores are eaten by carnivores. Therefore, the removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Consider the following statements concerning food chains.

I. Removal of 80% tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
II. In a grassland ecosystem with deers being primary consumers, removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers.
III. The length of food chains is generally limited to 3 to 4 trophic levels due to energy loss.
IV. The length of food chains may vary from 2 to 8 trophic levels.

Which two of the above statements are correct?

Options:
A II and III
B III and IV
C I and IV
D I and II

The correct answer is:
II and III

Solution:
The series of organisms eating one and being eaten by other is called food chain. A simple food chain consists of producers, herbivores and carnivores. The length of food chain is generally limited to 3-4 trophic levels due to energy loss. In grazing food chain, the producers (i.e., plants) are eaten by herbivores (i.e., rabbit, dear, cow, etc) and are eaten by carnivores. Therefore, the removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
Consider the following statements
Phenyl diazonium forms azodye with
1. aniline
2. phenol
3. N, N-dimethylaniline
4. anisole (methoxybenzene)

Options:
A 2,3 and 4 are correct
B 1,3 and 4 are correct
C 1,2 and 4 are correct
D 1,2 and 3 are correct

The correct answer is:
1,2 and 3 are correct

Solution:
PhN+≡N is a weak electrophile that undergoes diazocoupling with rings activated by -OH,-NH2,NHR or -NR2 . The ring is not sufficiently activated by -OCH3 and hence, anisole does not form azodye.

Topic: Chemistry, Amines, NEET
Consider the following statements regarding gymnosperms and choose the correct option.

I. In gymnosperms, the male and female gametophytes have an independent existence.
II. The multicellular female gametophyte is retained within the megasporangium.
III. All gymnosperms are heterosporous.

Of these statements:

Options:
A I and II are true but III is false
B I and III are true but II is false
C II and III are false but I is true
D II and III are true but I is false

The correct answer is:
II and III are true but I is false

Solution:
Gymnosperms are plants with naked seeds and commonly called as Phanerogams without ovary. These plants show heteromorphic alternation of generation where the sporophyte is diploid, dominant, independent while the gametophyte is haploid, recessive and dependent. Gymnosperms are heterosporous as they produce microspores in microsporangia and megaspore in megasporangia. The multicellular female gametophyte develops and stays within the megasporangium.
Cycas, Pinus, Ginkgo are classic examples of gymnosperms.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Consider the following statements regarding linkage.

(i) The linked genes are located on the same chromosome.

(ii) Crossing over between linked genes is maximum.

(iii) The linkage can be broken by crossing over.

(iv) Linkage is against Mendel's law of segregation.

Out of these statements

Options:
A (i) and (iii) are correct
B (i) and (ii) are correct
C (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct
D (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct

The correct answer is:
(i) and (iii) are correct

Solution:
Genes which are present close to each other on the chromosome are said to be linked. Such genes generally are inherited together and show parental combinations. Although, sometimes they get separated during crossing over to make new combinations.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Consider the following statements regarding mesosomes:

a. It may be present in the form of vesicles, tubules and lamellae.
b. It helps in cell wall secretion, cell respiration, DNA replication and cell division
c. It increases the surface area of the cell wall and enzymatic content.
d. It contains oxidative enzymes.

Which of the above statements are true?

Options:
A a, b, c & d
B a, b & c
C a, b, & d
D b, c & d

The correct answer is:
a, b, & d

Solution:
A special membranous structure called the mesosome is formed by the extensions of the plasma membrane into the cell. These extensions are in the form of vesicles, tubules and lamellae. They help in cell wall formation, DNA replication and distribution to daughter cells. They also help in respiration, secretion processes, to increase the surface area of the plasma membrane and enzymatic content. In some prokaryotes like cyanobacteria, there are other membranous extensions into the cytoplasm called chromatophores which contain pigments.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Consider the following statements regarding photosynthesis and state which is/are correct?

I. ATP formation during photosynthesis is termed as photophosphorylation.
II. Kranz anatomy pertains to leaf.
III. The reduction of NADP+ to NADPH occurs during the Calvin cycle.
IV. In a chlorophyll molecule, manganese is the metal ion.

Options:
A I and II correct
B III and IV are correct
C I and III are correct
D I and IV correct

The correct answer is:
I and II correct

Solution:
Reduction of NADP+ to NADPH occurs during non-cyclic Photophosphorylation of light reaction, while oxidation of NADPH takes place during Calvin cycle.
Tetraporphyrin ring of chlorophyll a flat, square, structure of alternating single and double bonds containing four smaller pyrrole rings with a magnesium atom at the centre.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
Consider the following statements :

Roasting is carried out to :

1. Convert sulphide into oxide

2. Melt the ore

3. Remove moisture, water of hydration and expel organic matter

4. Remove sulphur and arsenic in the form of volatile oxides

Out of these statements :

Options:
A 1, 3 and 4 are correct
B 1, 2 and 3 are correct
C 2, 3 and 4 are correct
D 1, 2 and 4 are correct

The correct answer is:
1, 3 and 4 are correct

Solution:
Roasting is heating in presence of air below melting point to convert sulphide ores into oxides. Impurities like S, As, P are removed as volatile oxides.

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Consider the following statements with respect to hydrophily and select the right choice

(i) It is quite rare in flowering plants.
(ii) Pollen grains are protected by mucilaginous covering.
(iii) In some plants, pollens are released inside the water.
(iv) Flowers are very colourful but without nectar.

Options:
A i, ii & iii are correct
B ii, iii & iv are correct
C i, ii & iv are correct
D Only i is correct

The correct answer is:
i, ii & iii are correct

Solution:
In hydrophily, flowers are small colourless, odourless and nectarless.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Consider the following statements with respect to respiration

(i) Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
(ii) Aerobic respiration takes place within the mitochondria.
(iii) The electron transport system is present in the outer mitochondrial membrane.
(iv) C51H98O6 is the chemical formula of tripalmitin, a fatty acid.
(v) Respiratory quotient =Volume of O2evolvedVolume of CO2 consumed

Of the above statements,

Options:
A (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct
B (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct
C (iii), (iv) and (v) are correct
D (ii), (iv) and (v) are correct

The correct answer is:
(i), (ii) and (iv) are correct

Solution:
Only iii and v options are incorrect because the Electron transport system occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane and it is the final stage of aerobic respiration.
Respiratory quotient is also known as RQ which is determine through this formula i.e. Volume of carbon dioxide produced to the volume of oxygen consumed.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Consider the following structures.

Choose the correct statement regarding the above structures.

Options:
A Dipole moment varies as II > III > I
B II is more stable than I
C I is the most reactive among three
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
(I)
(II)
(III)
Hence, Dipole moment decreases as II>III>I Stability =II>III>I
The reverse is correct for reactivity.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Consider the following substances
1. Propan-2-ol
2. Prpanone
3. 2-methyl propene
The correct sequence of increasing order of boiling point is

Options:
A 1 > 2 > 3
B 1 > 3 > 2
C 2 > 1 > 3
D 3 > 2 > 1

The correct answer is:
1 > 2 > 3

Solution:
The high b.p. of the alcohol is due to intermolecular H-bonding. Carbonyl compounds and alkene have no H's for H-bonding. The dipole-dipole forces of carbonyl compounds cause them to have higher boiling points than alkene.
Hence, the correct sequence of increasing order of boiling point is 1 > 2 > 3.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Consider the following substances

The decreasing order of basicity is

Options:
A 3 > 1 > 2
B 1 > 2 > 3
C 1 > 3 > 2
D 2 > 1 > 3

The correct answer is:
3 > 1 > 2

Solution:
The decreasing order of basicity is 3 > 1 > 2.
The β- carbon in uses sp3 -hybrid orbitals, while the β -carbon in benzylamine uses sp2- hybrid orbitals. The electron-withdrawing p-NO2 makes the phenyl ring even more electron-withdrawing and base-weakening.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
Consider the following

The above reaction is an example of

Options:
A Intermolecular hemiacetal formation
B Intramolecular hemiacetal formation
C Intramolecular acetal formation
D Intermolecular acetal formation

The correct answer is:
Intramolecular hemiacetal formation

Solution:
It is case of intramolecular hemiacetal formation

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Consider the following three statements (A-C) and choose the correct option to fill the blanks:-

A) _______ helps to stop substance from leaking cross a tissue.

B) In all connective tissue except, _______ the cells secrete fibres.

C) ________ cells produce and secrete fibres in connective tissue

Options:
A A = gap junction, B = cartilage, C = macrophase
B A = tight junction, B = Bones, C = Fibroblast
C A = tight junction, B = Blood, C = Fibroblast
D A = Desmosomes, B = Blood, C = Mast cells

The correct answer is:
A = tight junction, B = Blood, C = Fibroblast

Solution:
Tight Junctions form the closest contact between adjacent cells known in nature. Blood cells do not secrete fibres (The matrix of blood is not fibrous though and is the plasma ). Fibroblast cell secretes fibres.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Consider the following transformation
2CuX2âRoom temperature2CuX+X2â
Then X- can be

Options:
A F-,Br-
B Cl-,Br-
C CN-,I-
D Cl-,F-

The correct answer is:
CN-,I-

Solution:
Cu(CN)2 and Cul2 being unstable spontaneously decomposes into CuCN↓ and CuI↓ respectively at room temperature.

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
Consider the following two statements
(A) Kirchhoff's junction law follows from the conservation of charge.
(B) Kirchhoff's loop law follows from the conservation of energy.
Which of the following is correct?

Options:
A Both (A) and (B) are wrong
B (A) is correct and (B) is wrong
C (A) is wrong and (B) is correct
D Both (A) and (B) are correct

The correct answer is:
Both (A) and (B) are correct

Solution:
Kirchhoff's first law follows from the conservation of charge.
Kirchhoff's second law follow from the conservation of energy.

Topic: Physics, Current Electricity, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
Consider the following two statements
I. Linear momentum of a system of particles is zero.
II. The kinetic energy of a system of particles is zero. Then

Options:
A I implies II and II implies I
B I does not imply II and II does not imply I
C I implies II but II does not imply I
D I does not imply II but II implies I

The correct answer is:
I does not imply II but II implies I

Solution:
K.E is a scalar. Since it is zero, every individual velocity is zero. Momentum is a vector. If it is zero, it does not imply every velocity of particles in the system is equal to zero

Topic: Physics, Center of Mass Momentum and Collision, NEET
Consider the given reaction:
$\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COCH}_3 \stackrel{\text { dil Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_2}{\longrightarrow}$ "X"
The functional groups present in compound " $\mathrm{X}$ " are

Options:
A Alcohol and aldehyde
B Alcohol and ketone
C Ketone and double bond
D Double bond and aldehyde

The correct answer is:
Alcohol and ketone

Solution:
So, the functional group present in compound " $\mathrm{X}$ " is alcohol and Ketone.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
Consider the given system of mass m and spring constant k. Find the maximum value of b so that system performs SHM. Neglect the mass of connecting rod.

Options:
A ka2mg
B kmg
C ka22mg
D 2ka2mg

The correct answer is:
ka2mg

Solution:
Restoring torque
τ=ka2θ-mgb θ=ka2-mgbθ
For SHM, ka2-mgb≥0
b≤ka2mg, bmax=ka2mg

Topic: Physics, Oscillations, NEET
Consider the ground state of Cr atom Z=24. The numbers of electrons with the azimuthal quantum numbers, l=1 and 2 are, respectively

Options:
A 12 and 5
B 16 and 4
C 16 and 5
D 12 and 4

The correct answer is:
12 and 5

Solution:
E.C of CrZ=24 is

n	l

1s2	1	0

2s2	2	0

2p6	2	1

3s2	3	0

3p6	3	1

3d5	3	2

4s1	4	0

So, electrons with l = 1, are 12 with l=2, are 5

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Consider the half-cell reduction reaction:
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \mathrm{Mn}^{2+}+2 e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Mn}, \mathrm{E}^{\mathrm{o}}=-1.18 \mathrm{~V} \\
& \mathrm{Mn}^{2+} \rightarrow \mathrm{Mn}^{3+}+e^{-}, \mathrm{E}^{\mathrm{o}}=1.51 \mathrm{~V}
\end{aligned}
$$
The $\mathrm{E}^{\circ}$ for the reaction $3 \mathrm{Mn}^{2+} \rightarrow \mathrm{Mn}^0$ $+2 \mathrm{Mn}^{3+}$, and possibility of the forward reaction are respectively

Options:
A $-4.18 \mathrm{~V}$ and yes
B $+0.33 \mathrm{~V}$ and yes
C $+2.69 \mathrm{~V}$ and no
D $-2.69 \mathrm{~V}$ and no

The correct answer is:
$-2.69 \mathrm{~V}$ and no

Solution:
$\mathrm{Mn}^{2+} 2 e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Mn} \mathrm{E}^0=-1.18 \mathrm{~V}$
$$
\begin{aligned}
& 2 \mathrm{Mn}^{2+} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{Mn}^{3+}+2 \mathrm{e} \mathrm{E}^{\circ}=-1.15 \mathrm{~V} \\
& 3 \mathrm{Mn}^{2+} \rightarrow \mathrm{Mn}+2 \mathrm{Mn}^{3+} \mathrm{E}^{\circ}=-2.69 \mathrm{~V}
\end{aligned}
$$
The process is non spontaneous because the $\mathrm{E}^{\circ}$ value is negative.

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
Consider the hydrides of group 14 elements
1. CH4
2. SiH4
3. GeH4
4. SnH4
The correct sequence of thermal stability is

Options:
A 1 < 2 < 3 < 4
B 1 < 2 < 4 < 3
C 1 > 2 > 3 > 4
D 1 > 2 > 4 > 3

The correct answer is:
1 > 2 > 3 > 4

Solution:
Thermal stability of hydrides depends upon the strength of M-H bond, which decreases down the group, because of the increase in size of the 'M' atom as we go down the group. The correct sequence of thermal stability is 1 > 2 > 3 > 4.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Consider the junction diode as ideal. The value of current flowing through AB is

Options:
A 0 A
B 10-2 A
C 10-1 A
D 10-3 A

The correct answer is:
10-2 A

Solution:
I= V A â V B R
= 4â( â6 ) 1000
= 10 1000 = 10 â2 A

Topic: Physics, Semiconductors, NEET
Consider the junction diode as ideal. The value of current flowing through AB is:

Options:
A 0âA
B 10 â2 A
C 10 â1 A
D 10 −3 A

The correct answer is:
10 −2 A

Solution:
VA-VB=4--6=10
â´i=101000=10-2 A

Topic: Physics, Semiconductors, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
Consider the M(OH)3 formed by all the group 13 elements. The correct sequence of acidic strength of hydroxides [M(OH)3] is

Options:
A B(OH)3>Al(OH)3>Ga(OH)3>In(OH)3>TI(OH)3
B B(OH)3<Al(OH)3>Ga(OH)3>In(OH)3>Tl(OH)3
C B(OH)3>Tl(OH)3>Al(OH)3>In(OH)3>Ga(OH)3
D Al(OH)3>Ga(OH)3>B(OH)3>In(OH)3>Tl(OH)3

The correct answer is:
B(OH)3>Al(OH)3>Ga(OH)3>In(OH)3>TI(OH)3

Solution:
Acidic strength of hydroxides [M(OH)3] decreases down the group as follows
B(OH)3>Al(OH)3>Ga(OH)3>In(OH)3>TI(OH)3
B(OH)3 is known as orthoboric acid, H3BO3 .
NaOH+B OH 3 →Na B OH 4
or â NaBO 2 Sod.âmetaborate +2 H 2 O

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET