datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
The 'Eyes' of the potato tuber are

Options:
A flower buds
B shoot buds
C axillary buds
D root buds

The correct answer is:
axillary buds

Solution:
Tuber is oval or spherical swollen underground modified stem lacking adventitious roots. It possesses a number of spirally arranged depressions called eyes. Each eye represents node and consists of $1-3$ axillarly buds in the axils of small scally leaves.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
The F1 and F0 headpiece is a _______ and _______.

Options:
A integral membrane steroidal complex and peripheral membrane steroidal complex.
B integral membrane lipid complex and peripheral membrane lipid complex.
C integral membrane protein complex and peripheral membrane protein complex.
D peripheral membrane protein complex and integral membrane protein complex

The correct answer is:
peripheral membrane protein complex and integral membrane protein complex

Solution:
The F1 headpiece is a peripheral membrane protein complex and contains the site for synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. F0 is an integral membrane protein complex that forms the channel through which protons cross the inner membrane.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
The face AC of a prism ABC of refracting angle 30° is silvered. A ray is incident on face AB at an angle of 45° as shown in figure. The refracted ray undergoes reflection at face AC and retraces its path. The refractive index of the prism is

Options:
A 2
B 32
C 32
D 43

The correct answer is:
2

Solution:
In ΔAIP

⇒90°-r+90°+30°=180°
⇒-r+30°=0
⇒r=30°
Now,
μ=sin⁡45°sin⁡30°
⇒μ=1212
⇒μ=2

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
The face of the Golgi apparatus receives the materials packaged in the form of vesicles from the ER is

Options:
A cis face.
B trans face.
C both A and B
D None of these

The correct answer is:
cis face.

Solution:
Golgi apparatus cisternae are spherical disc like structure present one on other and are curved. Curvature results in cis or convex face towards the nucleus and concave or trans face towards the cell membrane. Materials to be packaged in the form of vesicles from the ER fuse with the cis face of the golgi apparatus and move towards the maturing face.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
The fact that a purine base always pairs through hydrogen bonds with a pyrimidine base in the DNA double helix leads to:

Options:
A the antiparallel nature
B the semiconservative nature
C uniform width throughout DNA
D uniform length in all DNA

The correct answer is:
uniform width throughout DNA

Solution:
The fact that a purine base always pairs through hydrogen bonds with a pyrimidine base in the DNA double helix leads to uniform width throughout DNA along the double helix.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
The factor that leads to Founder effect in population is:

Options:
A Natural selection
B Genetic recombination
C Mutation
D Genetic drift

The correct answer is:
Genetic drift

Solution:
Genetic drift is one of the strong driving forces for the formation of species. If the same change occurs by chance, it is called genetic drift. Sometimes the change in allele frequency is so different in the new sample of the population that they become a different species. The original drifted population becomes founders and the effect is called the founder effect.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2021
The factors on which degree of ionization of a compound depends is

Options:
A Size of solute molecules
B Quantity of electricity passed
C Nature of vessel used
D Nature of solute molecules

The correct answer is:
Nature of solute molecules

Solution:
The degree of ionisation of a solute depends upon its nature, concentration, and temperature.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
The fat soluble vitamin is

Options:
A B
B C
C K
D H

The correct answer is:
K

Solution:
Vitamins are necessary for normal cell functioning. These can be grouped in water-soluble vitamins (vitamin B-complex and C) and fat-soluble vitamins(vitamin A, D, E, and K).

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
The fatty liver syndrome is due to excessive intake of

Options:
A tobacco
B alcohol
C aspirin
D morphine

The correct answer is:
alcohol

Solution:
Fatty liver is a condition that is also known as hepatic steatosis. It is observed due to the accumulation of fat in the liver. Having too much of fat in the liver can become a health problem. The chronic use of drugs and alcohol damages the liver in which the destruction of hepatocytes and fibroblasts is seen.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
The favourable conditions available for germination are

Options:
A adequate moisture.
B oxygen.
C suitable temperature.
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
A favourable condition that are required for germination are adequate moisture, oxygen and suitable temperature. Dry seed first absorbs water so that its cytoplasm becomes hydrated and enzymatic activity starts. Germination is an aerobic process and requires oxygen. At very low and at very high temperature germination fails to occur.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
The female children of haemophilic father and carrier mother is

Options:
A All haemophilic
B Half haemophilic, half carrier
C All normal
D All carrier

The correct answer is:
Half haemophilic, half carrier

Solution:
Haemophilia is a X-linked recessive disease in human. The genes associated with these conditions are located on the X chromosome, which is one of the two sex chromosomes. The affected person lacks a normal blood clotting substance thromboplastin.
So, half the daughter are haemophilic where other half are carrier.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
The female external genitalia comprises of all the following, except:

Options:
A Mons pubis
B Clitoris
C Vagina
D Hymen

The correct answer is:
Vagina

Solution:
The female external genitalia include mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, hymen and clitoris. Mons pubis is a cushion of fatty tissue covered by skin and pubic hair. The labia majora are fleshy folds of tissue, which extend down from the mons pubis and surround the vaginal opening. The labia minora are paired folds of tissue under the labia major. The opening of the vagina is often covered partially by a membrane called hymen. The clitoris is a tiny finger-like structure which lies at the upper junction of the two labia minora above the urethral opening.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
The female gametophyte of a typical dicot at the time of fertilization is

Options:
A 8-celled
B 7-ceIled
C 6-celled
D 4-celled

The correct answer is:
7-ceIled

Solution:
The embryo sac is a female gametophyte in dicots. The most common type of dicot embryo consists of 7-celled and 8-nucleated structure. It consists of 1 egg cell, 2 synergids, 3 antipodals and a large central cell with 2 polar nuclei.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
The female mosquito is the vector for which of the following diseases?

Options:
A Typhoid and Polio
B Plague and Rabies
C Common cold and Ringworm
D Filariasis and Malaria

The correct answer is:
Filariasis and Malaria

Solution:
Wuchereria - the filarial worm (W. bancrofti and W. malayi) - a helminth.
Disease: Elephantiasis or Filariasis
Mode of infection: By the bite of a female mosquito (vectors).
Life cycle: Entry of Wuchereria into the body of humans â A chronic inflammation develops slowly for many years usually in the lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs â Affected organs become swollen (filariasis or elephantiasis).
Sign and symptoms: Lower limbs and genital organs are usually involved, resulting in gross deformities.
Plasmodium (a protozoan) [Different species of Plasmodium-P. vivax, P. malaria, and P. falciparum]
Mode of infection: Bite of female Anopheles mosquito.
The infectious form of Plasmodium: Sporozoites.
Sign and symptoms: Chill and high fever recurring every 3 to 4 days.
Life cycle: Plasmodium requires two hosts to complete its life cycle - Human (host) and female Anopheles mosquito (vector).

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
The fertilization in which male gametes are carried through pollen tube is known as

Options:
A syngamy
B porogamy
C siphonogamy
D chalazogamy

The correct answer is:
siphonogamy

Solution:
Siphonogamous is the condition where pollen tube develop to transfer the male gametes to the female gametes. Such plants are called siphonogamous. These adaptations help in the gamete transfer as the male gametes are non-motile.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
The fertilization involving the carrying of male gametes by the pollen tube is called

Options:
A Porogamy
B Siphonogamy
C Chalazogamy
D Syngonogamy

The correct answer is:
Siphonogamy

Solution:
In angiosperms the male gametes are carried by the pollen tube was discovered by Strasburger in 1884. The process is called Siphonogamy.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
The fever in malaria is due to

Options:
A entry of cryptomerozoltes into red blood corpuscles.
B entry of sporozoites into blood capillaries.
C entry of merozoites into red blood corpuscles.
D release of merozoites from red blood corpuscles.

The correct answer is:
release of merozoites from red blood corpuscles.

Solution:
The periodic fever is the result of synchronization of red cell lysis and release of more merozoites. The fever occurs every 48 hours, reaching up to 40 degrees centigrade (104 degrees F), and is often associated with a headache.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
The field of view is maximum for

Options:
A plane mirror
B concave mirror
C convex mirror
D cylindrical mirror

The correct answer is:
convex mirror

Solution:
The deviation of light is maximum in case of a convex mirror which provides a greater field of view for a convex mirror.

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
The figure below is the diagrammatic representation of the $E$. coli vector pBR 322 . Which one of the given options correctly identifies its certain components (s)?

Options:
A Ori-original restriction enzyme
B rop-reduced osmotic pressure
C Hind III, Eco RI-selectable markers
D $a m p^{\mathrm{R}}$, tet $t^{\mathrm{R}}-$ antibiotic resistance genes

The correct answer is:
$a m p^{\mathrm{R}}$, tet $t^{\mathrm{R}}-$ antibiotic resistance genes

Solution:
Ori represents the site of origin of replication, rop represents the proteins that take part in the replication of plasmid. Hind III, Eco RI are the recognition sites of restriction endonucleases. $a m p^{\mathrm{R}}$ and $t e t^{\mathrm{R}}$ are the antibiotic resistant gene parts.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
The figure below is the diagrammatic representation of the E.Coil vector pBR322. Which one of the given options correctly identifies its certain component(s)?

Options:
A Ori - original restriction enzyme
B Rop - reduced osmotic pressure
C HindIII, EcoRI - selectable markers
D ampR, tetR - antibiotic resistance genes

The correct answer is:
ampR, tetR - antibiotic resistance genes

Solution:
In pBR 322
ori - represents site of origin or replication rop - represents those proteins that take part in replication of plasmid.
Hind III, EcoRI - Recognition sites of Restriction endonucleases ampR and tetR - They are antibiotic resistant gene part

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
The figure below represents the structure of the chromosome.

Select the correct option regarding the structure.

Options:
A 1 - Centromere, 2 - Chromatid, and the number of chromosome is 1
B 1 - Centromere, 2 - Telomere, and the number of chromosome is 2
C 1 - Chromatid, 2 - Telomere, and the number of chromosome is 1
D 1 - Telomere, 2 - Chromatid and the number of chromosome is 2

The correct answer is:
1 - Centromere, 2 - Telomere, and the number of chromosome is 2

Solution:
Centromere is the primary constriction found in chromosome of dividing cells. Centromere holds the two sister chromatids together. Each chromatid generally have 2 DNA; thus, a chromosome of 2 sister chromatids will have 4 DNA.
Telomere is the end or the terminal region of a chromosome.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
The figure below shows an axe which has a massless handle of length L and a blade of mass M and radius R. The man slowly raises the axe from the horizontal position to the vertical position by rotating it about its point B. Find the work done by him on the axe during the process.

Options:
A Mg[L+R+4R3π]
B Mg[(−4R3π)+L]
C MgL
D Mg[4R3π+L]

The correct answer is:
Mg[L+R+4R3π]

Solution:
∆W=∆P

Work done = change in potential energy

=Mg Δhcom

=Mg[L+R+4R3π]

Topic: Physics, Work Power Energy, NEET
The figure below, shows the vertical cross section of a vessel filled with a liquid of density ρ. The normal thrust per unit area on the walls of the vessel at point P, as shown, will be

Options:
A hÏg
B HÏg
C H-h Ïg
D H-h ρg cosθ

The correct answer is:
H-h Ïg

Solution:
Pressure is proportional to depth from the free surface. It is the same in all directions.

Topic: Physics, Mechanical Properties of Fluids, NEET
The figure below shows three identical balls A, B and C. Initially, the balls B and C are at rest and the ball A while moving with a velocity v, collides with ball B. If the collision is perfectly elastic, then after the collision

Options:
A all the three balls move with velocity v2
B A comes to rest and B+C moves with velocity v2
C A moves with velocity v and B+C moves with velocity v
D A and B come to rest and C moves with velocity v

The correct answer is:
A and B come to rest and C moves with velocity v

Solution:
If two identical balls undergo elastic head-on collision then their velocities are exchanged.
Therefore in the collision of A and B, A comes to rest and B acquires velocity v.
Subsequently, in the collision of B and C, B comes to rest and C acquires the velocity v.

Topic: Physics, Center of Mass Momentum and Collision, NEET
The figure below shows three steps (A, B, C) of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Select the option giving correct identification together with what it represents ?

Options:
A A - Denaturation at a temperature of about 50o C.
B B-Denaturation at a temperature of about 98o C separating the two DNA strands.
C C - Extension in the presence of heat stable DNA polymerase.
D A- Annealing with two sets of primers.

The correct answer is:
C - Extension in the presence of heat stable DNA polymerase.

Solution:
PCR is a technique for enzymatically replicating DNA without using a living organism such as E. coli or yeast. It is commonly used in medical and biological research labs for a variety of tasks like detection of hereditary diseases identification of genetic fingerprints etc.
The correct steps shown in the above figure are:
A - Denaturation at a temperature of about 94o to 98oC. During the denaturation, the double strand melts open to single stranded DNA, and all enzymatic reactions stop.
B - Annealing (binding of DNA primer to the separated strands. Occurs at 50o to 65oCelsius, which is lower than the optimal temperature of the DNA polymerases)
C - Extension or elongation of the stands using the DNA primer with heat-sable DNA polymerases, most frequently Taq (Thermus aquaticus) at 72oC.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
The figure depicts which kind of curve?

Options:
A carbon dioxide dissociation curve
B carbon dioxide association curve
C oxygen dissociation curve
D oxygen association curve

The correct answer is:
oxygen dissociation curve

Solution:
The figure depicts oxygen dissociation curve

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
The figure given below depicts a circular motion. The radius of the circle, the period of revolution, the initial position and the sense of revolution are indicated in the figures. Obtain the simple harmonic motions of the x-projection of the radius vector of the rotating particle P

Options:
A $x\left( t \right)=Acos\left( \frac{2\pi }{4}t+\frac{\pi }{4} \right)$
B $x\left( t \right)=Acos\left( \frac{2\pi }{3}t+\frac{\pi }{4} \right)$
C $x\left( t \right)=Acos\left( \frac{2\pi }{4}t+\frac{\pi }{2} \right)$
D $x\left( t \right)=Acos\left( \frac{2\pi }{6}t+\frac{\pi }{2} \right)$

The correct answer is:
$x\left( t \right)=Acos\left( \frac{2\pi }{4}t+\frac{\pi }{4} \right)$

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
$x\left( t \right)=Acos\left( \frac{2\pi }{4}t+\frac{\pi }{4} \right)$

Topic: Chemistry, Oscillations, NEET
The figure given below depicts a circular motion. The radius of the circle, the period of revolution, the initial position and the sense of revolution are indicated in the figures. Obtain the simple harmonic motions of the x-projection of the radius vector of the rotating particle P

Options:
A $x\left( t \right)=Bcos\left( \frac{2\pi }{15}t-\frac{\pi }{2} \right)$
B $x\left( t \right)=Bcos\left( \frac{\pi }{15}t-\frac{\pi }{2} \right)$
C $x\left( t \right)=Bcos\left( \frac{2\pi }{15}t+\frac{\pi }{2} \right)$
D $x\left( t \right)=Bcos\left( \frac{\pi }{15}t+\frac{\pi }{2} \right)$

The correct answer is:
$x\left( t \right)=Bcos\left( \frac{\pi }{15}t-\frac{\pi }{2} \right)$

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
$x\left( t \right)=Bcos\left( \frac{\pi }{15}t-\frac{\pi }{2} \right)$

Topic: Chemistry, Oscillations, NEET
The figure given below depicts a diagrammatic sectional view of the female reproductive system of humans. Which one set of three parts out of A-F have been correctly identified?

Options:
A C-Infundibulum, D-Fimbriae, E-Cervix
B D-Oviducal funnel, E-Uterus, F-Cervix
C A-Perimetrium, B-Myometrium, C-Fallopian tube
D B-Endometrium, C-Infundibulum, D-Fimbriae

The correct answer is:
C-Infundibulum, D-Fimbriae, E-Cervix

Solution:
The fallopian tube is about $10-12 \mathrm{~cm}$ long and extends from the periphery of each ovary to the uterus. The part closer to the ovary is the funnel shaped and is called infundibulum. The edges of the infundibulum possess finger-like projections called fimbriae, which help in collection of the ovum after ovulation. The uterus opens into vagina through a narrow cervix.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
The figure given below is a diagrammatic representation of response of organisms to abiotic factors. What do A, B and C represent respectively?

Options:
A (a)
B (b)
C (c)
D (d)

The correct answer is:
(d)

Solution:
(a) Regulator-mammals and birds
(b) Conformer-all plants and $99 \%$ animals
(c) Partial regulators.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
The figure given below represents the stage of cell division. Read the following statements.

(i) Nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER reform.
(ii) Chromatids move to the opposite pole.
(iii) The activity of the recombinase enzyme.
(iv) Homologous chromosomes separate while sister chromatids associated at their centromere.
(v) Initiation of the assembly of the mitotic spindle.

How many of the above statements is not true with respect to the above figure?

Options:
A Four
B Three
C Five
D Two

The correct answer is:
Four

Solution:
The above diagram is of anaphase of mitosis. During anaphase of mitosis, sister chromatids of chromosome move to their respective pole. Thus, only statement ii is correct.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
The figure given below shows three velocity substrate concentration curves for an enzyme reaction. What do the curves A, B and C depict respectively?

Options:
A A-normal enzyme reaction, B-competitive inhibition, C-non-competitive inhibition
B A-enzyme with an allosteric modulator added, B-normal enzyme activity, C-competitive inhibition
C A-enzyme with an allosteric stimulator, B-competitive inhibitor added, C- normal enzyme reaction
D A- normal enzyme reaction, B-non-competitive inhibitor added, C- allosteric inhibitor added

The correct answer is:
A-normal enzyme reaction, B-competitive inhibition, C-non-competitive inhibition

Solution:
In the figure given in question, curve a shows normal enzyme reaction while curve b shows a competitive inhibition reaction, in which the inhibitor resembles the substrate molecules, bind to the active site of the enzyme. Due to its close structural similarity with the substrate, the inhibitor competes with the substrate for the substrate-binding site of the enzyme. Consequently, the substrate cannot bind and as a result, the enzyme action declines.
Curve c shows non-competitive inhibition reaction, in which the inhibitor binds to a part of the enzyme or enzyme-substrate complex, other than the active site, known as the allosteric site. In such a case, the inhibitor reduces the activity of the enzyme and binds equally well to the enzyme whether or not it has already bound the substrate.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
The figure gives a system of logic gates. From the study of the truth table, it can be found that to produce a high output (1) at R, we must have

Options:
A X=0,Y=1
B X=1,Y=1
C X=1,Y=0
D X=0,Y=0

The correct answer is:
X=1,Y=0

Solution:
From figure
X¯+Y+XY¯¯=R
R=X¯+Y¯⋅XY¯¯
R=X¯Y¯X¯+Y¯
R=XY¯X¯+Y
R=XX¯Y¯+XY¯
R=XY¯
i.e., when X=1Y=0⇒R=1

Topic: Physics, Semiconductors, NEET
The figure gives an important concept in the genetic implication of DNA. Fill the blanks A, B and C.

Options:
A A-Maurice Wilkins, B-Transcription, C-Translation
B A-James Watson, B-Replication, C-Extension
C A-Erwin Chargaff, B-Translation, C-Replication
D A-Francis Crick, B-Translation, C-Transcription

The correct answer is:
A-Francis Crick, B-Translation, C-Transcription

Solution:
F. Crick suggested that there is unidirectional flow of information from DNA to RNA to protein shown as below:
This sequential transfer of information from DNA to protein via RNA is known as central dogma.
Related Theory
Certain viruses are rare exceptions to the central dogma. Viruses are infectious particles that reproduce inside cells. Many viruses, such as the tobacco mosaic virus. influenza virus and polio virus, have RNA rather than $D N A$ as their genetic material.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
The figure shows a body of arbitrary shape. O is the centre of mass of the body and mass of the body is M. If ICCâ²=I0 then IAAâ² will be equal to

Options:
A ICC′+Md2
B ICC′-Md2
C ICCâ²+3Md2
D ICC′+4Md2

The correct answer is:
ICC′+3Md2

Solution:
Let BBâ² be an axis passing through centre of mass and parallel to CCâ² .
â´ IAAâ²=IBBâ²+4Md2
=ICCâ²-Md2+4Md2
IAAâ²=ICCâ²+3Md2

Topic: Physics, Rotational Motion, NEET
The figure shows a circular loop of radius a with two long parallel wires (numbered 1 and 2) all in the plane of the paper. The distance of each wire from the centre of the loop is d. The loop and the wires are carrying the same current I. The current in the loop is in the counterclockwise direction if seen from above.

Consider d>>a, and the loop is rotated about its diameter parallel to the wires by 90Â° from the position shown in the figure. If the currents in the wires are in the opposite directions, the torque on the loop at its new position will be (assume that the net field due to the wires is constant over the loop).

Options:
A μ0I2a22d
B Î¼0I2a2d
C 3μ0I2a2d
D 3μ0I2d22d

The correct answer is:
μ0I2a2d

Solution:
τ=MBsin⁡θ

⇒τ=I×πa2×2×μ0I2πdsin⁡90o=μ0I2a2d

Topic: Physics, Magnetic Effects of Current, NEET