datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
The function of our visceral organs is controlled by

Options:
A Sympathetic and somatic neural system
B Sympathetic and parasympathetic neural system
C Central and somatic nervous system
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Sympathetic and parasympathetic neural system

Solution:
The function of our visceral organs is controlled by Sympathetic and parasympathetic neural system.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
The function of ovary is

a To produce female gamete b To provide the site for fertilisation

c To provide the site for implantation d To produce several steroid hormones

Options:
A a and b
B a, b and d
C a, b and c
D a and d

The correct answer is:
a and d

Solution:
Female reproductive system consists of Ovaries, Oviduct, Uterus, Vagina and Vulva. Oviduct is also known as fallopian tube. It is made up of three parts: Infundibulum, Ampulla and Isthmus. Infundibulum is funnel shaped part and extends as fimbriae which collects ova from ovary. Uterus is Hystera or Womb and is inverted pear shaped structure. Vulva consists of labia majora, Labia minora, Clitoris, Mons pubis and Vestibule. Ovaries are primary sex organs as these produce female gametes. These are also considered as Heterocrine glands as these secrete Hormones like estrogen, progesterone which are steroid hormones.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
The function of "Sodium pump" is a biological process operating in each and every cell of all animals. Which of the following biologically important ions is also a constituent of this pump?

Options:
A Ca2+
B Mg2+
C K+
D Fe2+

The correct answer is:
K+

Solution:
The process of moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane is an active transport process involving the hydrolysis of ATP to provide the necessary energy.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
The function of "Sodium pump" is a biological process operating in each and every cell of all animals. Which of the following biologically important ions is also a constituent of this pump?

Options:
A Ca2+
B Mg2+
C K+
D Fe2+

The correct answer is:
K+

Solution:
The process of moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane is an active transport process involving the hydrolysis of ATP to provide the necessary energy.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
The function of the gap junction is to:

Options:
A Facilitate communication between adjoining cells by connecting the cytoplasm for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and some large molecules
B Separate two cells from each other
C Stop substance from leaking across a tissue
D Performing cementing to keep neighbouring cell together

The correct answer is:
Facilitate communication between adjoining cells by connecting the cytoplasm for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and some large molecules

Solution:
Gap junction: At place, the adjacent cells form ion-rich gap junctions for intercellular communication and chemical exchange. These junctions do not provide physical support but facilitates communication between two adjoining cells by protein bridges for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and large molecules.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
The function of the largest lymphatic organ in man is

Options:
A to control blood pressure
B to assist liver
C to act as a hemopoietic tissue
D to assist kidneys

The correct answer is:
to act as a hemopoietic tissue

Solution:
The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ in mammals and acts as hemopoietic tissue because the synthesis of WBC takes place in spleen. The destruction and recycling of old red blood cells takes place here and the spleen is also a blood reservoir.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
The function of which cell organelle is affected the most due to the deficiency of magnesium?

Options:
A Lysosome
B Vacuole
C Golgi body
D Ribosome

The correct answer is:
Ribosome

Solution:
Magnesium ion is very much necessary for the formation and functioning of the ribosome. Two ribosomal subunits bind to form complete ribosome only in presence of magnesium.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
The function sin 2 ω t represents

Options:
A A simple harmonic motion with a period 2 π / ω
B A simple harmonic motion with a period π / ω
C A periodic, but not simple harmonic motion with a period 2 π / ω
D A periodic, but not simple harmonic motion with a period π / ω

The correct answer is:
A periodic, but not simple harmonic motion with a period π / ω

Solution:
y = sin 2 ω t = 1 - cos 2 ω t 2 = 1 2 - cos 2 ω t 2
It is a periodic motion but it is not SHM
∴ Angular speed = 2 ω
∴ Period T = 2 π angular speed = 2 π 2 ω = π ω
Hence option ( a periodic, but not simple harmonic motion with a period π / ω ) represents the answer.

Topic: Physics, Oscillations, NEET
The functional group which is formed when Phenol is made to react with Chloroform in the presence of dilute Sodium hydroxide

Options:
A –CH2Cl
B -COOH
C -CHCl2
D -CHO

The correct answer is:
-CHO

Solution:
The reaction of phenol with chloroform in presence of dilute sodium hydroxide finally introduces aldehyde -CHO functional group and hydroxy group at -ortho position. The reaction is known as the Reimer Tiemann reaction.

Reimer Tiemann reaction:

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
The functional group which is formed when Phenol is made to react with Chloroform in the presence of dilute Sodium hydroxide

Options:
A –CH2Cl
B –COOH
C -CHCl2
D –CHO

The correct answer is:
–CHO

Solution:
Reimer Tieman reaction

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
The functional unit of muscle is:

Options:
A Muscle fibre
B Sarcomere
C Acini
D Sutures

The correct answer is:
Sarcomere

Solution:
Each sarcomere is formed of actin (called thin) and myosin (called thick) filaments arranged in a precise order and of protein complexes which support the filament structures.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
The fungi form fruiting bodies in which __________ division occurs, leading to formation of __________ spores

Options:
A Mitotic, diploid
B Reduction, haploid
C Mitotic, haploid
D Reduction, diploid

The correct answer is:
Reduction, haploid

Solution:
The fruiting bodies posses diploid spore mother cell, which follows meiosis (the reductional division) and produce haploid spores. The fruiting body is the reproductive structure of fungi which is clearly visible.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
The fungi which are used to produce the product which is also the first stable product of TCA cycle belongs to

Options:
A Phycomycetes
B Ascomycetes
C Basidiomycetes
D Deuteromycetes

The correct answer is:
Ascomycetes

Solution:
The first stable product of the TCA cycle/Kreb's cycle is citric acid which is commercially produced using Aspergillus niger. This fungus belongs to Ascomycetes.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
The fungus Neurospora, which is extensively in genetics and biochemical work, belongs to

Options:
A Phycomycetes
B Zygomycetes
C Basidiomycetes
D Ascomycetes

The correct answer is:
Ascomycetes

Solution:
Commonly known as sac-fungi, the ascomycetes are mostly multicellular, e.g., Penicillium, or rarely unicellular, e.g., yeast (Saccharomyces). They are saprophytic, decomposers, parasitic or coprophilous (growing on dung). Some examples are Aspergillus, Claviceps and Neurospora. Neurospora is used extensively in biochemical and genetic work.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
The fungus that may cause disease in human beings is

Options:
A Puccinia
B Aspergillus
C Cystopus
D Rhizopus

The correct answer is:
Aspergillus

Solution:
Aspergillus causes a lung disease called aspergillosis that affects the respiration activity inducing pneumonia. The allergic sinusitis is also caused by the aspergillus infection. The fungus Aspergillus produces aflatoxins which are carcinogenic and may cause cancer in human beings.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
The furnace which gives the highest temperature is

Options:
A blast furnace
B reverberatory furnace
C electrical furnace
D muffle furnace

The correct answer is:
electrical furnace

Solution:
Electrical furnace, heating chamber with electricity as the heat source for achieving very high temperature. There is no electrochemical effect on metal, but simply heat the metal.

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
The fusion of male and female gamete in Chlamydomonas is called

Options:
A Syngamy
B Oogamy
C Isogamy
D Anisogamy

The correct answer is:
Anisogamy

Solution:
The fusion of two gametes dissimilar in size, as in species of Eudorina is termed as anisogamous.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
The fusion of male and female gametes is called ___.

Options:
A Ovulation
B Parturition
C Fertilisation
D Lactation

The correct answer is:
Fertilisation

Solution:
The fusion of male and female gametes is called fertilisation.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
The fusion which occurs when a male gamete fuses with two polar nuclei within the embryo sac of flowering plants is called ___ .

Options:
A Single fusion
B Double fusion
C Triple fusion
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Triple fusion

Solution:
The fusion which occurs when a male gamete fuses with two polar nuclei within the embryo sac of flowering plants is called triple fusion

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
The G2 -phase of the cell cycle is characterized by the presence of

Options:
A the number of chromosomes increases from n to 2n or 2n to 4n
B single chromatids
C formation of tubulin
D double amount of DNA (in chromosomes) than in S-phase.

The correct answer is:
formation of tubulin

Solution:
G2 is the gap phase, which is the third sub-phase of the interphase in the cell cycle. The G1 is the growth phase followed by the Synthesis phase and then the Gap phase where the cell is preparing itself for division and protein synthesis takes place after which the cell is ready to undergo mitosis. It is in the gap phase that the microtubules are assembled and later used for the mobilization of the chromosomes in the M phase.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
The gametes of female determines the sex of a child in:

Options:
A Grasshopper
B Drosophila
C Cockroach
D Peacock

The correct answer is:
Peacock

Solution:
ZZ/ZW type of sex determination is present in birds in which female is heterogametic having ZW chromosome and male is homogametic having ZZ chromosome. Thus sex of the progeny is determined by the gametes from female parent.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
The gap between the membranes of two neurons is termed as

Options:
A Synaptic knob
B Synaptic cleft
C Cyton
D Axon hillock

The correct answer is:
Synaptic cleft

Solution:
A typical neuron consists of 3 major parts :
1. Cell body
It contains cytoplasm, typical cell organelles, and Nissl's granules (granular bodies).
2. Dendrites
These are short fibres arising from the cell body and branching repeatedly.
- These also possess Nissl's granules.
- These fibres transmit impulses towards the cell body.
3. Axon
It is a long fibre which is branched at its distal end.
- Each branch ends in to a bulb-like structure, which is termed as a synaptic knob.
- The synaptic knob is having synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitters.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
The gas A is bubbled through lime water, a white precipitate is formed. This precipitate dissolved on prolonged bubbling the same gas. On heating this solution, the white precipitate reappears with the evolution of gas B . The gases A and B respectively are

Options:
A CO and CO2
B CO2 and CO
C CO and CO
D CO2 and CO2

The correct answer is:
CO2 and CO2

Solution:
According to the equation, Ca (OH) 2 + CO 2 â Î CaCO 3 + H 2 O
CaCO 3 + H 2 O+ CO 2 âCa ( HCO 3 ) 2
Ca ( HCO 3 ) 2 → Δ CaO+ H 2 O+2 CO 2
Hence, the gas A and B are CO2 and CO2 respectively

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
The gas evolved on heating CH3MgBr in methanol is:

Options:
A Methane
B Ethane
C Propane
D HBr

The correct answer is:
Methane

Solution:
CH3OH having acidic H so in CH3MgBr the CH3- will react as a base and react with H+ and form CH4 by acid-base reaction.

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET
The gas inside a spherical bubble expands uniformly and slowly so that its radius increases from R to 2R. The atmospheric pressure is P0 and surface tension is s. The work done by the gas in the process is

Options:
A 28πR3P03+24πsR2
B 25πR3P03+24πsR2
C 25πR3P03+23πsR22
D 23πsR2

The correct answer is:
28πR3P03+24πsR2

Solution:
Wgas=∫R2RP0+4sR 4πr2dr = 28πR3P03+24πR2s

Topic: Physics, Thermodynamics, NEET
The gas produced by the passage of air over hot coke is

Options:
A Carbon monoxide
B Carbon dioxide
C Producer gas
D Water gas

The correct answer is:
Producer gas

Solution:
2 C s + O 2 g + N 2 g → 1263 K 2 CO(g)+4  N 2 (g) ︸ producer gas

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
The gaseous reaction A gâ¶2Bg+Cg is found to be first order with respect to A. If the reaction is started with PA=90 torr the pressure after 10 min is found to be 180 torr. The rate constant of the reaction is

Options:
A 1.15Ã 10 â3 â s â1
B 2.30Â ÃÂ 10-3Â s-1
C 3.45Â ÃÂ 10-3Â s-1
D 4.60 Ã 10-3 s-1

The correct answer is:
1.15× 10 −3   s −1

Solution:
Agâ¶ 2Bg+C g
(P0- p) 2p p
Ptotal=P0+2p=180 torr
p=45 torr
k= 1 t ln 90 45 =1.15Ã 10 â3 â s â1

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET
The gases carbon-monoxide (CO) and nitrogen at the same temperature have kinetic energies E1 and E2 respectively. Then

Options:
A E1=E2
B E1>E2
C E1<E2
D E1 and E2 cannot be compared

The correct answer is:
E1=E2

Solution:
The gases carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen (N2) are diatomic, so both have equal kinetic energy 52kT, ie.E1=E2.

Topic: Physics, Kinetic Theory of Gases, NEET
The gastric juice contains:

Options:
A Trypsin, pepsin, lipase
B Pepsin, lipase, rennin
C Pepsin, amylase, trypsin
D Trypsin, pepsin, rennin

The correct answer is:
Pepsin, lipase, rennin

Solution:
Gastric juice contains water (99%), mucus, inorganic salts, Castle's intrinsic factor, HCl (0.5% conc.) and enzymes prorennin, pepsinogen and gastric lipase.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
The gauge pressure in both the tyres of a bicycle is 6.9Ã105Pa. If the bicycle and the person riding it have a combined mass of 90 kg, what is the area of contact of each tyre with the ground?

Options:
A 6.39Ã10-4 m2
B 7.39×10-4 m2
C 8.39×10-4 m2
D 9.39×10-4 m2

The correct answer is:
6.39Ã10-4 m2

Solution:
Let A be the area of contact of each tyre with the ground, when the person rides the bicycle.
Then, pressure exerted by the person on the each tyre,
P=weight of the person and bicyclearea of contact of two tyres=Mg2ÃA
=90Ã9.82ÃA=441A
Since the gauge pressure in both the tyres of the bicycle is 6.9Ã105 Pa, we have
441A=6.9Ã105
Or A=4416.9Ã105=6.39Ã10-4 m2

Topic: Physics, Mechanical Properties of Fluids, NEET
The general formula CnH2nO2 could be for open chain-

Options:
A diketones
B Carboxylic acids
C diols
D dialdehydes

The correct answer is:
Carboxylic acids

Solution:
Genral formula of diketo and dialdehyde is C n H 2n−2 O 2 and general formula of diol is C n H 3n O 2
Open chain carboxylic acid having CnH2nO2 formula.

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET
The general formula of a cycloalkane is

Options:
A CnHn
B CnH2n
C CnH2n-2
D CnH2n+2

The correct answer is:
CnH2n

Solution:
General formula of a cycloalkane is CnH2n.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
The general molecular formula, which represents the homologous series of alkanols is:

Options:
A $\mathrm{C}_n \mathrm{H}_{2 n+2} \mathrm{O}$
B $\mathrm{C}_n \mathrm{H}_{2 n} \mathrm{O}_2$
C $\mathrm{C}_n \mathrm{H}_{2 n} \mathrm{O}$
D $\mathrm{C}_n \mathrm{H}_{2 n+1} \mathrm{O}$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{C}_n \mathrm{H}_{2 n+2} \mathrm{O}$

Solution:
Alkanols are the derivatives of alkanes which are derived by the replacement of the $-\mathrm{H}$ of alkanes with the $-\mathrm{OH}$ (hydroxyl) group.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2006
The generative cell is destroyed by laser but a normal pollen tube is still formed because

Options:
A The region of emergence of pollen tube is not harmed
B Laser beam stimulates growth of pollen tube
C Contents of killed generative cell stimulate pollen growth
D Vegetative cell is not damaged

The correct answer is:
Vegetative cell is not damaged

Solution:
Each microspore divides by mitotic division making a smaller generative cell and a larger vegetative cell or tube cell. If the generative cell is damaged then the normal pollen tube will be formed because the pollen tube is formed by vegetative cells, not by a generative cells of microspore.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
The genes are responsible for growth and differentiation in an organism through regulation of

Options:
A translocation and replication.
B transcription and transformation.
C transduction and translation.
D transcription and translation.

The correct answer is:
transcription and translation.

Solution:
Regulation of gene expression refers to a very broad term that may occur at various levels. Considering that gene expression results in the formation of a polypeptide, it can be regulated at several levels.
In eukaryotes, the regulation of gene expression could be exerted at four levels.
i) Transcriptional level: Formation of the primary transcript.
ii) Processing level: Formation of primary transcript
iii) Transport of mRNA from nucleus to the cytoplasm.
iv) Translational level.
The genes in a cell are expressed to perform a particular function or a set of functions. In eukaryotes, functionally related genes do not represent an operon but are present on different sites, chromosomes. Here structural gene is called split gene which is a mosaic of exons and introns, i.e., the base triplet – amino acid matching is not continous. The entire split gene is transcribed to form a continuous strip of mRNA. The removal of non – coding intronic part and fusion of exonic coding parts of RNA is called RNA splicing. About 50-90% of primary transcribed RNA is discarded during processing. The development and differentiation of embryo into adult organisms are also a result of the coordinated regulation of expression of several sets of genes.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
The genes causing cancer are:

Options:
A Structural genes
B Expressor genes
C Oncogenes
D Regulatory genes.

The correct answer is:
Oncogenes

Solution:
Two genes play a role in cancer. These are oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. Oncogenes are cancer or tumour-causing genes while tumour suppressor genes suppress the tumour. Oncogenes encode for a protein that starts harming the normal cells and thus they start becoming tumours.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
The genes controlling seven traits in pea studied by Mendel were later found to be located on following number of chromosomes

Options:
A Seven
B Four
C Five
D Six

The correct answer is:
Four

Solution:
Mendel studied seven pairs of characters which were present on four different pairs of chromosomes. The two characters were located on chromosome number 1, three characters on chromosome number 4 and one each on chromosome number 5 and 7.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
The genes controlling the seven pea characters studied by Mendel are now known to the located on how many different chromosomes?

Options:
A seven
B $\operatorname{six}$
C five
D four

The correct answer is:
four

Solution:
Mendel studied the following genes (the dominant trait is given first).
Chromosome 1: Purple/white flowers; Yellow/green peas.
Chromosome 4: Axial/terminal flowers; Tall/short plant; Inflated/ constricted pods.
Chromosome 5: green/yellow pods.
Chromosome 7: Round/wrinkled seeds
Related Theory
Mendel studied inheritance in peas (Pisum sativum). He chose peas because they had been used for similar studies, are easy to grow and can be sown each year. Pea flowers contain both male and female parts, called stamen and stigma, and usually selfpollinate.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2003
The genetic defect-Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency may be cured permanentlyby

Options:
A periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes having functional ADA cDNA
B administering adenosine deaminase activators
C introducing bone marrow cells producing ADA into cells at early embryonic stages
D enzyme replacement therapy

The correct answer is:
introducing bone marrow cells producing ADA into cells at early embryonic stages

Solution:
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) caused by adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA) is the first genetic disorder to be treated with gene therapy. T-cell-directed gene transfer was useful in the treatment of ADA-SCID, whereas the retroviral-mediated gene transfer to haematopoietic stem cells was insufficient for achievement of clinical benefits.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
The genetic disorder in which an individual has an overall masculine development, gynaecomastia and is sterile:

Options:
A Turner's syndrome
B Klinefelter's syndrome
C Edward syndrome
D Down's syndrome

The correct answer is:
Klinefelter's syndrome

Solution:
This genetic disorder is also caused due to the presence of an additional copy of X-chromosome resulting into a karyotype of 47, XXY. Such an individual has overall masculine development, however, the feminine development (development of breast, i.e., Gynaecomastia) is also expressed. Such individuals are sterile.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
The genetic disorder in which an individual has an overall masculine development, gynaecomastia and is sterile:

Options:
A Turner’s syndrome
B Klinefelter’s syndrome
C Edward syndrome
D Down’s syndrome

The correct answer is:
Klinefelter’s syndrome

Solution:
This genetic disorder is also caused due to the presence of an additional copy of X-chromosome resulting into a karyotype of 47, XXY. Such an individual has overall masculine development, however, the feminine development (development of breast, i.e., Gynaecomastia) is also expressed. Such individuals are sterile.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
The genetic disorders in which the patients have one chromosome less than normal humans are:

Options:
A Down's syndrome
B Alpha Thalassemia
C Turner's syndrome
D Klinefelter's syndrome

The correct answer is:
Turner's syndrome

Solution:
The presence of an extra chromosome in diploid chromosome number is called trisomy. It is represented by (2n+1). Here the patient has 47 chromosomes instead of 46. Trisomy of the 21st pair of chromosome- Down's syndrome. Trisomy of the 18th pair of chromosome- Edward's syndrome. Trisomy of the 13th pair of chromosome- Patau syndrome. Klinefelter's syndrome is due to presence of an extra X chromosome in males. The patient's cells contain one additional X chromosome along with XY. Thus their genotype is represented by (44+XXY) and they have 47 chromosomes. The absence of a chromosome in diploid chromosome number is called monosomy. It is represented by (2n-1) .Thus they have 45 chromosomes. Turner's syndrome is due to absence of one X chromosome in females. The patient's cells contain only one X chromosome instead of two. Thus their genotype is represented by (44+XO) . Thalassemia is a disorder of genes and not whole chromosomes

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET