datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Adult annelids have symmetry similar to that of

Options:
A Adult coelenterate
B Most of sponges
C Adult echinodermates
D Chordates

The correct answer is:
Chordates

Solution:
Animals like annelids, arthropods, chordates, larvae of echinoderms, etc., where the body can be divided into identical left and right halves in only one plane, exhibit bilateral symmetry. When any plane passing through the central axis of the body divides the organism into two identical halves, it is called radial symmetry. Coelenterates, ctenophores, and echinoderms have this kind of body plan. Sponges are mostly asymmetrical, i.e., any plane that passes through the center does not divide them into equal halves.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Adult frog and land snails are respectively

Options:
A Uricotelic and uricotelic
B Ammonotelic and ureotelic
C Ureotelic and uricotelic
D Ammonotelic and ammonotelic

The correct answer is:
Ureotelic and uricotelic

Solution:
Types of animals on the basis of major excretory waste
Ammonotelic animals - 1. Many bony fishes. 2. Aquatic amphibians. 3. Aquatic insects.
Ureotelic animals - 1. Marine fishes. 2. Many terrestrial amphibians. 3. Mammals.
Uricotelic animals - 1. Insects. 2. Land snails. 3. Reptiles. 4. Birds.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Adult human RBCs are enucleate. Which of the following statement(s) is/are most appropriate explanation for this feature?
(i) They do not need to reproduce
(ii) They are somatic cells
(iii) They do not metabolize
(iv) All their internal space is available for oxygen transport

Options:
A Only (iv)
B Only (i)
C (i), (iii) and (iv)
D (ii) and (iii)

The correct answer is:
Only (iv)

Solution:
In most of the mammals including humans, RBCs are biconcave and are enucleated. Due to lack of nucleus and cell organelles, they provide more space for oxygen carrying pigment - Haemoglobin. They respire anaerobically due to the absence of mitochondria and do not use up the oxygen they carry.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET, NEET 2017
Advantage of cleistogamy is

Options:
A higher genetic variability
B more vigorous offspring
C no dependence on pollinators
D vivipary

The correct answer is:
no dependence on pollinators

Solution:
In cleistogamous flowers, anthers and stigma lie close to each other. When anthers dehisce in the flower buds, pollen grains come in contact with the stigma to effect pollination. Thus, these flowers produce assured seed set even in the absence of pollinators. The higher genetic variability and more vigorous offsprings are the produced to variations obtained by sexual reproduction. Vivipary relates to the birth of young babies from mammals.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
Aero allergens are found in which plants?

Options:
A Petunia
B Parthenium
C Zostera
D Maize

The correct answer is:
Parthenium

Solution:
Pollen grains present in air which causes allergy are called as aero allergans. Pollen allergy is commonly called as hay fever. Most important aero allergens are pollen grains of Parthenium (Carrot grass).

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Aerobic respiration is composed of two crucial events. Choose the correct option regarding the site of these events.

Options:
A Both of the events take place in the matrix of the mitochondria.
B Both of the events take place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
C One event takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and the other in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
D Neither of the events take place in the mitochondria.

The correct answer is:
One event takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and the other in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.

Solution:
For aerobic respiration to take place within the mitochondria, the final product of glycolysis, pyruvate is transported from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria. The crucial events in aerobic respiration are:
• The complete oxidation of pyruvate by the stepwise removal of all the hydrogen atoms, leaving three molecules of CO2.
• The passing on of the electrons removed as part of the hydrogen atoms to molecular O2 with simultaneous synthesis of ATP.
The first process takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria while the second process is located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Aerobic respiration of glucose produces ATP. How many of them are produced during electron transport system?

Options:
A 32
B 34
C 28
D 2

The correct answer is:
34

Solution:
Electron transport system is responsible for oxidation of reduced coenzymes. 1 NADH passes through ETS to release 3 ATP while 1 FADH2 passes through ETS to release 2 ATP. One molecule of glucose produces 10 NADH (2 from Glycolysis, 2 from link reaction and 6 from Krebs cycle). Thus 30 ATPs will be formed from them. One molecule of glucose also produces 2 FADH2 from Krebs cycle. Thus 4 ATPs will be formed from them. Thus total ATP produced from ETS is 34

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Aerobic respiratory pathway is appropriately termed

Options:
A catabolic
B parabolic
C amphibolic
D anabolic

The correct answer is:
amphibolic

Solution:
An amphibolic pathway is a biochemical pathway that serves both anabolic and catabolic processes. An important example of an amphibolic pathway is the Krebs cycle, which involves both the catabolism of carbohydrates and fatty acid and the synthesis of anabolic precursors for amino acid synthesis, eg, $\alpha$-ketogluturate and oxaloacetate.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
Aestivation of petals in the flower of cotton is correctly shown in:

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Cotton belongs to family Malvaceae. There margins of sepals or petals overlap that of the next one.This mode of arrangement (aestivation) is called twisted.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Afferent nerve fibers carry impulses from

Options:
A Effector organ to CNS
B Receptors to CNS
C CNS to receptors
D CNS to muscles

The correct answer is:
Receptors to CNS

Solution:
Neurons that receive information from our sensory organs (e.g. eye, skin) and transmit this input to the central nervous system are called afferent neurons. Neurons that send impulses from the central nervous system to your limbs and organs are called efferent neurons.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Afferent nerve fibres carry impulses from

Options:
A Effector organs to CNS
B Receptors to CNS
C CNS to receptors
D CNS to muscles

The correct answer is:
Receptors to CNS

Solution:
Afferent nerve fibres – sensory nerve fibres which carry senses from receptors to the brain or spinal cord (CNS).
Efferent nerve fibres – motor nerve fibres carry orders or responses from CNS to effectors (muscles and glands).

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
After a mutation at a genetic locus the character of an organism changes due to change in:

Options:
A protein structure
B DNA replication
C protein synthesis pattern
D RNA transcription pattern.

The correct answer is:
protein structure

Solution:
The genetic information flows from $\mathrm{DNA} \rightarrow m \mathrm{RNA} \rightarrow$ protein.
A mutation involves a change in the sequence of nucleotides in a nucleic acid molecule. This change will express itself in the form of a change in the sequence of amino acids in the protein molecule synthesized through the information encoded in nucleic acid segment. Therefore mutations at molecule level can be studied both by the study of the sequence of amino acids in a protein and also by the study of sequence of nucleotides in a segment of nucleic acid.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2004
After a perfectly inelastic collision between two identical particles which were moving with the same speed in different directions, the speed of the particles become half the initial speed. The angle between the velocities of the two particles before collision is

Options:
A 6 0 ∘
B 4 5 ∘
C 1 2 0 ∘
D 3 0 ∘

The correct answer is:
1 2 0 ∘

Solution:
In perfectly inelastic collision between two particles, linear momentum is conserved. Let Î¸ be the angle between the velocities of the two particles before collision. Then
p 2 = p 1 2 + p 2 2 + 2 p 1 p 2 cos Î¸
or 2 m vâ¡ 2 2 = mvâ¡ 2 + mv 2 + 2 mv mv cos Î¸
or 1 = 1 + 1 + 2 cos Î¸
or cos Î¸ = - 1 2
or Î¸ = 1 2 0 â

Topic: Physics, Center of Mass Momentum and Collision, NEET
After a significant reduction in BOD of wastewater, it is passed into a settling tank where bacterial flocks are allowed to sediment. This sediment is called:

Options:
A Primary sludge
B Activated sludge
C Effluent
D Grit

The correct answer is:
Activated sludge

Solution:
In the waste water treatment process, the treated primary effluent is transferred to large aeration tanks. These tanks are constantly pumped with air by agitation which allows growth of aerobic microbes into flocs (masses of bacteria associated with fungal filaments to form mesh like structures). Microbes use the oxygen supplied to break down the organic content in the effluent which helps in reducing the BOD (the amount of oxygen that would be consumed if all the organic matter in one litre of water is oxidised by bacteria) considerably.
Once the BOD has been reduced to the required level, the treated effluent is passed into settling tank to allow the flocs to settle and form sediments. This sediment is referred as activated sludge rich in microbes. Some portion of the sludge is use as inoculate for next batch of aeration treatment and rest is transferred into sludge digestors where anaerobic microbes grow and digest the sludge content and produce a mixture of gases having methane, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
After a sperm has penetrated an ovum in the process of fertilization, entry of further sperms is prevented by

Options:
A Development of the vitelline membrane
B Development of the pigment coat
C Condensation of yolk
D Formation of fertilization membrane

The correct answer is:
Formation of fertilization membrane

Solution:
Fertilization membrane prevents polyspermic fertilization or polyspermy, thereby preventing further entry of many spermatozoans inside the egg.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
After about how many years of formation of earth, life appeared on this planet?

Options:
A 500 billion years
B 50 million years
C 500 million years
D 50 billion years

The correct answer is:
500 million years

Solution:
Life took approximately 500 million (5 x 108) years to appear after the formation of the earth. Thus life is thought to be evolved almost 4 billion (4x109) years back from now, as the earth was formed 4.5 billion (4.5x109) years ago.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
After absorbing a slowly moving neutron of mass mN (momentum ~0); a nucleus of mass M breaks into two nuclei of masses m1 and 5m1 (6m1= M + mN), respectively. If the de-Broglie wavelength of the nucleus with mass m1 is Î», then de- Broglie wavelength of the other nucleus will be

Options:
A 25λ
B 5λ
C Î»5
D Î»

The correct answer is:
λ

Solution:
de-Broglie wavelength Î»=hmv=hp
Where p = momentum
By conservation of momentum
P1+P2 =0
P1 = P2 ( not considering direction )
Î»1=Î»2= Î»

Topic: Physics, Atomic Physics, NEET
After carbon dioxide, the gas which contributes maximum to global warming is

Options:
A Chlorofluorocarbons (25%)
B Methane (20%)
C Chlorofluorocarbons (20%)
D Methane (45%)

The correct answer is:
Methane (20%)

Solution:
Some gases trap the heat from the sun and do not allow it to radiate back. These gases are called greenhouse gases and are responsible for increasing the earth's temperature (global warming). Relative contribution of various greenhouse gases to total global warming is carbon dioxide: 60%, methane: 20%, chlorofluorocarbons: 4% and nitrous oxide: 6%.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
After determination of their sexual forms, Deuteromycetes are NOT usually moved to?

Options:
A Ascomycetes
B Basidiomycetes
C Phycomycetes
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Phycomycetes

Solution:
Once perfect (sexual) stages of members of deuteromycetes were discovered they were often moved to ascomycetes and basidiomycetes.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
After equal volumes of 0.10 M solutions of (NH4)2SO4 and Ba(OH)2 have been mixed which of the following species is present in greatest concentration in solution?

Options:
A Ba2+(aq)
B BaSO4(aq)
C NH4+(aq)
D NH3(aq)

The correct answer is:
NH3(aq)

Solution:
(NH4)2SO40.1M+Ba(OH)20.1M→BaSO4+2NH4OH→(2NH3+2H2O)

Topic: Chemistry, Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, NEET
After extracting an organism, the scientist listed out the below features about it:

(i) smaller than a virus,
(ii) its nucleic acid had ribose as sugar, and
(iii) lacks a protein coat.

Which of the following diseases is likely to be produced by it?

Options:
A Potato spindle tuber disease
B Influenza
C Potato leaf curl
D Mad cow disease

The correct answer is:
Potato spindle tuber disease

Solution:
Potato spindle tuber disease affects the potato plant where the tubers are malformed and stunts the growth of the plant. This disease is caused by viroids which are smaller than virus and without any capsid covering of protein. It is basically a free floating single strand RNA.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
After forceful inspiration, the amount of air that can be breathed out with maximum forced expiration is equal to

Options:
A TV + RV + ERV
B IRV +TV + ERV
C IRV + RV + ERV
D IRV + ERV + TV + RV

The correct answer is:
IRV +TV + ERV

Solution:
The maximum amount of air which can be breathed out through forceful expiration after a forceful inspiration is equal to the sum of tidal Volume (TV), Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) and Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) and called as vital capacity. Its value is 4.1 - 4.6 litres.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
After karyogamy followed by meiosis, spores are produced exogenously in

Options:
A Agaricus
B Alternaria
C Neurospora
D Saccharomyces

The correct answer is:
Agaricus

Solution:
In Agaricus, meiospores are produced exogenously after karyogamy and meiosis. This fungus belongs to Basidiomycetes.

Alternaria belongs to the Deuteromycetes class of fungi. The fungi of this class lack sexual reproduction. Therefore, sexual spores are not formed.
Neurospora and Saccharomyces belong to Ascomycetes class of fungi. They produce ascopores as meiospores. Their ascospores are produced endogenously.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2018
After meiosis-I, the resultant daughter cells have

Options:
A same amount of DNA as in the parent cell in S-phase
B twice the amount of DNA in comparison to haploid gamete
C same amount of DNA in comparison to haploid gamete
D four times the amount of DNA in comparison to haploid gamete

The correct answer is:
twice the amount of DNA in comparison to haploid gamete

Solution:
After meiosis-I, the resultant daughter cells have twice the amount of DNA in comparison to haploid gamete. Meiosis-I causes segregation of homologous pairs of chromosomes. However, each chromosome is double-stranded, having two sister chromatids due to DNA replication before meiosis began.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
After passing through a polariser a linearly polarised light of intensity $\mathrm{I}$ is incident on an analyser making an angle of $30^{\circ}$ with that of the polariser. The intensity of light emitted from the analyser will be :

Options:
A $\frac{\mathrm{I}}{2}$
B $\frac{\mathrm{I}}{3}$
C $\frac{3 I}{4}$
D $\frac{2 I}{4}$

The correct answer is:
$\frac{3 I}{4}$

Solution:
As per Malus law, $\mathrm{I}=\mathrm{I}_0 \cos ^2 \phi$, where symbols have their usual meanings.
$\begin{aligned}
& I^{\prime}=I \cos ^2 30^{\circ} \\
& I^{\prime}=I\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2 \\
& I^{\prime}=\frac{3 I}{4}
\end{aligned}$

Topic: Physics, Wave Optics, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 2)
After penetrating stigmatic and stylar tissue the pollen tube usually grows down towards the egg cell because:

Options:
A It has no other passage to follow
B It grows under the control of egg nucleus
C The egg cell attracts the pollen tubes as they have dissimilar electric charge
D The filiform apparatus of synergids are believed to attract the pollen tubes

The correct answer is:
The filiform apparatus of synergids are believed to attract the pollen tubes

Solution:
Embryo sac is made up of 7 cells. Three antipodal cells, one central cell, two synergids and one egg cell. Three antipodal cells are present at chalazal side which provide nutrition to rest other cells before fertilization whereas central cell after fertilization becomes endospermous and provide nutrition to the developing embryo while synergids possess filiform apparatus which attract the pollen tube and guide the tube towards egg cell and burst the tube to release their both male gametes in embryosac for fertilization.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
After poaching 3 lions in a certain forest of Gujarat, only 15 are left in a year. Determine the death rate per capita.

Options:
A 5.000
B 0.200
C 0.166
D 0.800

The correct answer is:
0.166

Solution:
Certain attributes are for a population and are not applicable to individuals. Birth rate and death rate are two such attributes. Birth rate is the number of births taking place in a given population in a given period of time. Similarly Death rate is the number of deaths occurring in a population in a given period of time. Death rate can be calculated as Number of deaths/Total population. In the given example Number of Deaths is 3 and the total population during that period will be 18 15+3 . Therefore the death rate is 318=0.166

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
After the reaction is over between adsorbed reactants, it is important to create space for the other reactant molecules to approach the surface and react. The process responsible for this is known as

Options:
A sorption
B desorption
C physisorption
D chemisorption

The correct answer is:
desorption

Solution:
Desorption removes products from the surface to create space for other reactants.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
After the second decarboxylation of the Krebs cycle, __(i)___will produce and it goes ___(ii)____ times dehydrogenation.

Options:
A (i) alpha-ketoglutarate (ii) three
B (i) succinic acid (ii) three
C (i) succinyl co-A (ii) two
D (i) malic acid (ii) two.

The correct answer is:
(i) succinyl co-A (ii) two

Solution:
After second decarboxylation succinyl Co-A will produce which shows two times dehydrogenation. In Kreb cycle total four times dehydrogenation and two times decarboxylation occur.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
After the ____________ stage, cell walls are laid down leading to the organisation of the typical female gametophyte or embryo sac.

Options:
A 4-nucleate
B 8-nucleate
C 2-nucleate
D 6-nucleate

The correct answer is:
8-nucleate

Solution:
The nucleus of the functional megaspore divides mitotically to form two nuclei which move to the opposite poles, forming the 2-nucleate embryo sac. Two more sequential mitotic nuclear divisions result in the formation of the 4-nucleate and later the 8-nucleate stages of the embryo sac. It is of interest to note that these mitotic divisions are strictly free nuclear, that is, nuclear divisions are not followed immediately by cell wall formation. After the 8-nucleate stage, cell walls are laid down leading to the organisation of the typical female gametophyte or embryo sac.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
After transcription, which of the following is added to the 3' end of the eukaryotic mRNA?

Options:
A Introns
B Cap of modified Guanine neucleotide
C Poly A tail
D Trinucleotide CCA

The correct answer is:
Poly A tail

Solution:
In eukaryotes cistron shows split gene arrangement and consists of functional exon and non functional introns. The cistron synthesizes hnRNA which is highly unstable, to make it stable a cap of 7 methyl guanosine triphosphate is added at 5' end and a poly adenine tail is added at 3' end. This hnRNA now undergoes splicing to form functional mRNA.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
After which of the following treatments (I-III) would an enzyme still be expected to have activity?

I. Protease treatment.

II. Heating almost to the point of denaturation.

III. Freezing and then thawing once only.

Options:
A I only
B III only
C I and II only
D II and III only

The correct answer is:
III only

Solution:
Protease enzymes have catalytic function. When this is added to other enzymes it will catalyse the peptide bonds of the enzymes and thus will result in denaturation of the enzymes. Similarly heating the enzymes will also increase the temperature and this will result in denaturation too because enzymes are active only at optimum temperatures and beyond it there will not be any function. However freezing has no effect on enzyme activity as it does not affect the peptide bonds.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Against the codon 5' UAC 3', what would be the sequence of anticodon on tRNA ?

Options:
A 5' AUG 3'
B 5' ATG 3'
C 5' GTA 3'
D $5^{\prime}$ GUA $3^{\prime}$

The correct answer is:
$5^{\prime}$ GUA $3^{\prime}$

Solution:
5' UAC 3' code on mRNA can be complemented by 5' GUA 3' on anticodon loop of tRNA.
Codon anticodon pairing between mRNA and rRNA is the key of translation process.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 2)
Ag⁺(aq) and Cu(s)

Options:
A Ag⁺ will reduce Cu
B Cu will reduce Ag⁺
C The reaction is not feasible
D Both will not react

The correct answer is:
Ag⁺ will reduce Cu

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Ag⁺ will reduce Cu

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
Agaricus, Alternaria and Aspergillus are genera of fungi which are included in three different classes. The respective order of these classes will be:

Options:
A Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes
B Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes and Ascomycetes
C Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes
D Basidiomycetes, Phycomycetes and Ascomycetes

The correct answer is:
Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes and Ascomycetes

Solution:
Agaricus is commonly called mushroom and all mushrooms are included in class basidiomycetes becaused their spores are called basidium/basidia. Alternaria is member of class deuteromycetes which include imperfect fungi because their only asexual stage is known. Aspergillus is member of class Ascomycetes, they have spores called ascus/asci.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Agarose extracted from sea weeds finds use in

Options:
A tissue culture
B PCR
C gel electrophoresis
D spectrophotometry

The correct answer is:
gel electrophoresis

Solution:
Gel electrophoresis is a technique to separate fragments of DNA. Since DNA fragments are negatively charged molecules they can be separated by forcing them to move towards the anode under an electric field through a medium/matrix. Now-a-days the most commonly used matrix is agarose which is a natural polymer extracted from seaweeds ( $e g$, Gelidium, Gracilaria, Gigartina, etc.).

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Agarose extracted from sea weeds finds use in:

Options:
A Spectrophotometry
B Tissue culture
C PCR
D Gel electrophoresis

The correct answer is:
Gel electrophoresis

Solution:
In gel electrophoresis, agarose extracted from seaweed used as agarose gel. A gel made of 0.7% agarose show good resolution of large DNA and 2% agarose will show good resolution of small fragments.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET