datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which one of the following is the correct matching of three items and their grouping category?

Options:
A

Items	Group

(a)	ilium, ischium, pubis	coxal bones of pelvic girdle

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B

Items	Group

(b)	actin, myosin, rhodopsin	muscle proteins

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C

Items	Group

(c)	cytosine, uracil, thiamine	pyrimidines

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D

Items	Group

(d)	malleus, incus, cochlea	ear ossicles

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The correct answer is:

Items	Group

(a)	ilium, ischium, pubis	coxal bones of pelvic girdle

ââ

Solution:
The pelvic girdle is formed by two innominate bones consisting of three separate bones: ilium, ischium and pubis. Actin and myosin are the motor proteins that form the spindle apparatus during cell division. Malleus, incus and stapes are the ear ossicles. Cytosine, thymine and uracil are the pyramidines.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
Which one of the following is the correct pairing of a body part and the kind of muscle tissue that moves it?

Options:
A Heart wall - Involuntary unstriated muscle
B Biceps of upper arm - Smooth muscle fibres
C Abdominal wall - Smooth muscle
D Iris - Involuntary smooth muscle

The correct answer is:
Iris - Involuntary smooth muscle

Solution:
Smooth muscles are plain, non-striated, involuntary or unstriped muscles due to absence of striations. These occur in the walls of hollow internal organs, in capsules of lymph glands, spleen etc, in iris and ciliary body of eyes, skin dermis, penis and other accessory genitalia etc.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
Which one of the following is the correct percentage of the two (out of the total of 4) green-house gases that contribute to the total global warming?

Options:
A CFCs $14 \%, \mathrm{CH}_4 20 \%$
B $\mathrm{CO}_2 40 \%$, CFCs $30 \%$
C $\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{O} 6 \%, \mathrm{CO}_2 86 \%$
D $\mathrm{CH}_4 20 \%, \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{O} 18 \%$

The correct answer is:
CFCs $14 \%, \mathrm{CH}_4 20 \%$

Solution:
The gases, which are transparent to solar radiation but retain and partially reflect back long wave heat radiations are called green-house gases. Recently, the concentration of green-house gases has started rising resulting in enhanced green-house effect that is resulting in increase the mean global temperature. It is called global warming. The various green house gases are $\mathrm{CO}_2$ (warming effect $60 \%), \mathrm{CH}_4(20 \%)$, CFCs (14\%) and nitrous oxide- $\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{O}(6 \%)$.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Which one of the following is the correct plot of Λ m ( in s cm 2 mol −1 ) and c ( in ( mol L ) 1 2 ) for KCI solution? ( y= Λ m ;x= c )

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
âm=âmo-bC

y=âmo-bx

slope =-ve

intercepts =+ve

Topic: Chemistry, Electrochemistry, NEET
Which one of the following is the correct statement for respiration in humans?

Options:
A Cigarette smoking may lead to inflammation of bronchi
B Neural signals from pneumotoxic centre in pons region of brain can increase the duration of inspiration
C Workers in grinding and stone breaking industries may suffer, from lung fibrosis
D About $90 \%$ of carbon dioxide $\left(\mathrm{CO}_2\right)$ is carried by haemoglobin as carbamino haemoglobin

The correct answer is:
Workers in grinding and stone breaking industries may suffer, from lung fibrosis

Solution:
Irritating gases, fumes, dusts, etc., present in the work place result in lung disorders. Pneumoconiosis is a condition of permanent deposition of particulate matter in the lungs. Tissue reaction to these irritating substances causes proliferation of fibrous connective tissue called fibrosis. It is common in flour mill workers, iron mill workers, coal miners, stone grinders, etc.
A strong pneumotoxic signal from pons varoli reduces the inspiration duration to only 0.5 second while weak signal may prolong the inspiration duration to five seconds.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
Which one of the following is the correct statement regarding the particular psychotropic drug specified?

Options:
A Hashish causes alter thought perceptions and hallucinations
B Opium stimulates nervous system and causes hallucinations
C Morphine leads to delusions and disturbed emotions
D Barbiturates cause relaxation and temporary euphoria

The correct answer is:
Hashish causes alter thought perceptions and hallucinations

Solution:
Charas is the dried resinous extract from the flowering tops and leaves of Cannabis sativa. In some countries it is called hashish. It is an hallucinogen, which alter a person's thought, feeling and perceptions.
Psychotropic drugs (mood altering drugs) act on the brain and alter the behaviour, consciousness and power of perception. Barbiturates (derivative of barbituric acid) are general depressants for all excitable cells but the CNS is most sensitive to these drugs.
Opium is obtained from unripe seed pots of poppy plant (Papaver somniferum). Opium has an analgesic (pain killing) effect and may also reduce anxiety and tension and lowers the blood pressure and breathing rate.
Morphine (derivative of opium) has sleep and dream inducing properties.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Which one of the following is the correct statement?

Options:
A Boric acid is a protonic acid
B Both Tl3+ and Al3+ ions act as oxidizing agent in aqueous solution.
C Hydrogen bonding in H3BO3 gives it a layered structure.
D B(OEt)3 imparts blue colour to the burner flame.

The correct answer is:
Hydrogen bonding in H3BO3 gives it a layered structure.

Solution:
It acts as a lewis acid by accepting eletrons from a hydrogen ion and it turn releases H+ ions
Tl+3 acts as on oxidizing agent Al+3 acts as reducing agent because the stability of lower oxidation state on moving down the group in increases due to pair effect stability Tl+3 pair effect stability Tl+1>Tl+3
Hydrogen bonding in H 3 B O 3 gives it a layered structure.
B(OEt)3 imparts green colour to the burner flame.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which one of the following is the first step of glycolysis?

Options:
A Breakdown of glucose
B Phosphorylation of glucose
C Conversion of glucose into fructose
D Dehydrogenation of glucose

The correct answer is:
Phosphorylation of glucose

Solution:
The first step of glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to glucose 6-phosphate utilizing ATP.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Which one of the following is the mineral for tin?

Options:
A Galena
B Cerussite
C Cassiterite
D Anglesite

The correct answer is:
Cassiterite

Solution:
mtextneral	Formula

Galena	PbS

Cerussite	PbCO3

Cassiterite	SnO2

Anglesite	PbSO4

Thus, cassiterite (tin stone) is a mtextneral for tin.

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Which one of the following is the most acidic compound?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Acidic character â - M, - I
â 1 +M/+H/+I
So, is highly acidic.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2017
Which one of the following is the most acidic compound?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Acidic character â - M, - I
â 1 +M/+H/+I
So, is highly acidic.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
Which one of the following is the most suitable medium for culture of Drosophila melanogaster?

Options:
A cow dung
B moist bread
C agar agar
D ripe banana

The correct answer is:
ripe banana

Solution:
Drosophila melanogaster is commonly called fruit fly and is often used in genetic and developmental biology research. Ripe bananas are ideal for the culture of this fly.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET, NEET 2006
Which one of the following is the most widely accepted method of contraception in India, as at present?

Options:
A Tubectomy
B Diaphragms
C IUDs (Intra Uterine Devices)
D Cervical caps

The correct answer is:
IUDs (Intra Uterine Devices)

Solution:
At present, the most widely accepted method of contraception in India is IUDs (Intra Uterine Devices). These devices are effective and popular. These devices are inserted by doctors and expert nurses in the uterus through vagina.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Which one of the following is the product of the dark reaction of photosynthesis?

Options:
A CO2
B ATP
C Pyruvic acid
D Phosphoglyceraldehyde

The correct answer is:
Phosphoglyceraldehyde

Solution:
Phosphoglyceraldehyde is a product of dark reaction which is formed when 12 molecules of 1,3-biphosphoglyceric acid react with 12 molecules of NADPH.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
Which one of the following is the quiescent stage of cell cycle ?

Options:
A $\mathrm{G}_1$
B $\mathrm{G}_0$
C $\mathrm{M}$
D $\mathrm{G}_2$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{G}_0$

Solution:
$\mathrm{G}_0$ is called the quiescent stage of cell cycle. Cells in $\mathrm{G}_0$ phase are metabolically active but do not proliferate.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
Which one of the following is the species?

Options:
A Carnivora
B Canis
C Familiaris
D Trypanosoma

The correct answer is:
Familiaris

Solution:
Familiaris is the taxon at the level of category species.
Domestic dog - Canis familiaris
Canis is a genus containing seven to 10 extant species, including the domestic dog, wolves, coyotes, and jackals, and many extint species.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Which one of the following is the start codon?

Options:
A AUG
B UGA
C UAA
D UAG

The correct answer is:
AUG

Solution:
AUG is a start codon that codes for methionine whereas UGA, UAA and UAG are stop codons. The Initiator codon is the first codon of a messenger RNA or mRNA transcript translated by a ribosome. The start codon always codes for methionine in eukaryotes and a modified methionine, i.e., fMet in prokaryotes. Termination codons or stop codon is a nucleotide triplet within messenger RNA that signals translational termination.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
Which one of the following is true about this reaction?

Options:
A A is meso-2, 3-butanediol formed by syn addition
B A is meso-2, 3-butanediol formed by anti-addition
C A is a racemic mixture of d and l-2, 3-butanediol formed by anti-addition
D A is a racemic mixture of d and l-2, 3-butanediol formed by syn addition

The correct answer is:
A is a racemic mixture of d and l-2, 3-butanediol formed by syn addition

Solution:
Alkenes form diol, when treated with alkaline KMnO 4 . The reaction occurs by syn-addition
Reaction follows syn addition

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, NEET
Which one of the following is true for fungi?

Options:
A They lack a rigid cell wall.
B They are heterotrophs.
C They lack nuclear membrane.
D They are phagotrophs.

The correct answer is:
They are heterotrophs.

Solution:
Fungi are eukaryotic, non-vascular, non-motile and heterotrophic organisms. They may be unicellular or filamentous and reproduce by means of spores. they exhibit the phenomenon of alternation of generation and lack chlorophyll and hence cannot perform photosynthesis. They have chitinous cell wall.
Related Theory
The vegetative body of the fungi may be unicellular or composed of microscopic threads called hyphae. Hyphae can grow and form a neiwork called a mycelium. Yeasts are unicellular fungi that do not produce hyphae. The cell membrane of a fungus has a unique sterol and ergosterol.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
Which one of the following is used as vector for cloning genes into higher organisms?

Options:
A Baculovirus
B Salmonella typhimurium
C Rhizopus nigricans
D Retrovirus

The correct answer is:
Retrovirus

Solution:
Retroviruses are RNA containing animal viruses that replicate through a DNA intermediate. Retroviruses in animals have the ability to transform normal cells into cancerous cells. A better understanding of the act of delivering genes by pathogen in these eukaryotic hosts has generated knowledge to transform these tools of pathogen into useful vectors for delivering genes of interest of humans. Retroviruses have been disarmed and are now used to deliver desirable genes into animal cells.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
Which one of the following is used in the baking of bread?

Options:
A Rhizopus stolonifer
B Zygosaccharomyces octosporous
C Saccharomyces cerevisiae
D Saccharomycodes ludwigii

The correct answer is:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Solution:
Invertase enzyme is obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and is used to bread baking is also called baker's yeast.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Which one of the following is wrong about Chara?

Options:
A Upper oogonium and lower round antheridium
B Globule and nucule present on the same plant
C Upper antheridium and lower oogonium
D Globule is male reproductive structure

The correct answer is:
Upper antheridium and lower oogonium

Solution:
Chara is a green algae having both the sex organs. The upper oogonium (nucule) is the female sex organ and the lower antheridium (globule) is the male sex organ.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2014
Which one of the following is wrong in relation to photorespiration?

Options:
A it occurs in chloroplast
B it occurs in day time only
C it is a characteristic of $\mathrm{C}_4$ plants
D it is a characteristic of $\mathrm{C}_3$ plants

The correct answer is:
it is a characteristic of $\mathrm{C}_4$ plants

Solution:
Photorespiration is seen in $\mathrm{C}_3$ cycle. The process of photorespiration is also known as Photosynthetic Carbon Oxidation (PCO) cycle and involves three organellesChloroplasts, peroxisomes and mitochondria.
Caution
Photorespiration is absent in $C_4$ plants due to presence of Kranz anatomy.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET, NEET 2003
Which one of the following is wrong statement?

Options:
A Anabaena and Nostoc are capable of fixing nitrogen in free-living state also
B Root nodule forming nitrogen fixers live as aerobes under free-living conditions
C Phosphorus is a constituent of cell membranes, certain nucleic acids and all proteins
D Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter are chemoautotrophs

The correct answer is:
Phosphorus is a constituent of cell membranes, certain nucleic acids and all proteins

Solution:
Phosphorus is a component of DNA and RNA but not proteins.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
Which one of the following is WRONGLY matched?

Options:
A Transcription - Writing information from DNA to mRNA
B Translation - Using information in mRNA to make protein
C Repressor protein - Binds to operator to stop enzyme synthesis
D Operon - Structural genes, operator, promoter and intron

The correct answer is:
Operon - Structural genes, operator, promoter and intron

Solution:
Protein synthesis is the process of manufacturing protein from DNA involving two steps - transcription and translation. Transcription is the process of making mRNA from the DNA and this mRNA is translated into a long chain polypeptide with help of ribosome and tRNA.
Repressor protein is part of the gene expression regulation where it inhibits the expression of gene by attaching to the operator part of the regulatory unit.
The functional unit of DNA having a group of genes regulated by a single promoter is termed as operon. Operon holds the promoter, operator and the structural genes which express to produce the necessary protein. Intron is not part of the operon and it gets removed during splicing mechanism. Lac operon is one of the most widely studied operon model.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which one of the following is wrongly matched?

Options:
A Puccinia - Smut
B Root - Exarch protoxylem
C Cassia - Imbricate aestivation
D Root pressure - Guttation

The correct answer is:
Puccinia - Smut

Solution:
Puccinia is commonly called rust fungus. Smut is Ustilago. Both rust and smut belong to the class-Basidiomycetes.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Which one of the following is wrongly matched?

Options:
A Spirogyra - Motile gametes
B Sargassum - Chlorophyll $c$
C Basidiomycetes - Puffballs
D Nostoc - Water blooms

The correct answer is:
Spirogyra - Motile gametes

Solution:
In Spirogyra, gametesare non-motile and sexual reproduction takes place by conjugation. Sargassum belongs to phaeophyceae, which contains chlorophyll a and chlorophyll c. Basidiomycetes includes puffballs, mushroom etc. Nostoc is a colonial cyanobacteria, which causes algal bloom.
Related Theory
Since blue-green algae are prokaryotes, they are not currently included under algae (because all algae are classified as eukaryotic organisms). These organisms live in moist or aquatic environments just like other algae. They obtain energy through the process of photosynthesis. Ecologically. some species of blue-green algae are significant to the environment as it fixes the nitrogen in the soil. Hence, these are also called nitrogen-fixing bacteria. E.g. Nostoc, Anabaena, etc.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
Which one of the following is wrongly matched?

Options:
A Transcription- Writing information from DNA to- RNA
B Transcription- Using information in m- RNA to make protein
C Repressor protein - Binds to a operator to stop enzyme synthesis
D Operon- Structural genes, operator and promoter.

The correct answer is:
Transcription- Using information in m- RNA to make protein

Solution:
Translation is the process of protein synthesis using information of codons present in the mRNA molecule to produce amino acids and to form polypeptides to proteins.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2014
Which one of the following is wrongly matched?

Options:
A Fungi – Chitin
B Plasma membrane - Phospholipid
C Bacteria â Lipopolysaccharide
D Endodermis â Suberin

The correct answer is:
Bacteria – Lipopolysaccharide

Solution:
Most prokaryotic cells, particularly the bacterial cells, have a chemically complex cell envelope. The cell envelope consists of a tightly bound three-layered structure i.e., the outermost glycocalyx followed by the cell wall and then the plasma membrane.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which one of the following item gives its correct total number?

Options:
A Floating ribs in humans -4
B Amino acids found in proteins - 16
C Types of diabetes - -3
D Cervical vertebrae in humans - 8

The correct answer is:
Floating ribs in humans -4

Solution:
There are 12 pairs of ribs in human, which form the bony lateral walls of the thoracic cage. The last two pair of ribs (total four) are called floating ribs because their anterior ends are not attached to either the sternum or the cartilage of another rib. The floating ribs protect the kidneys.
There are 7 cervical vertebrae in humans present in neck. The first cervical vertebra is called atlas and second is known as axis. There are 20 amino acids found in proteins.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET, NEET 2008 (Screening)
Which one of the following ketones does not react with CH3MgX ?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
In this compound reaction do not occur due to high electron density on -CO group and majorly due to steric crowding.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
Which one of the following kinds of animals are triploblastic?

Options:
A Flat worms
B Sponges
C Ctenophores
D Corals

The correct answer is:
Flat worms

Solution:
Flatworms (phylum-Platyhelminthes) are triploblastic animals. The cells of the body wall are arranged in three layers.
Sponges, ctenophores and corals are diploblastic animals.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
Which one of the following living organisms completely lacks a cell wall?

Options:
A Cyanobacteria
B Sea- fan (Gorgonia)
C Saccharomyces
D Blue- green algae

The correct answer is:
Sea- fan (Gorgonia)

Solution:
Sea fan (Gorgonia) is an animal belonging to Phylum Cnidaria. The animal cells are devoid of cell wall. They have only cell/plasma membrane as the outer layer.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2014
Which one of the following mammalian cells is not capable of metabolising glucose to carbon-dioxide aerobically?

Options:
A unstriated muscle cells
B liver cells
C red blood cells
D white blood cells

The correct answer is:
red blood cells

Solution:
Mature red blood cells lack cell organelles and a nucleus; hence, aerobic respiration does not take place, so they can respire only anaerobically

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET, NEET 2007
Which one of the following matches is correct?

Options:
A Phytophthora - Aseptate mycelium - Basidiomycetes
B Alternaria - Sexual reproduction absent - Deuteromycetes
C Mucor - Reproduction by Conjugation - Ascomycetes
D Agaricus - Parasitic fungus - Basidiomycetes

The correct answer is:
Alternaria - Sexual reproduction absent - Deuteromycetes

Solution:
Phytophthora infestans is an oomycete (water mold). It causes serious potato and tomato disease known as late blight or potato/tomato blight.

As Alternaria belongs to Class Deuteromycetes and has asexual reproduction by conidia, sexual reproduction is absent. Fungi belong from Deuteromycetes often referred to as “fungi imperfecti” because their only asexual mode of reproduction is reported in them.

Mucor is a filamentous fungus belonging to Division Zygomycota. Mucor reproduces by vegetative (fragmentation), asexual (sporangiospores, oidia, and chlamydospore formation), and sexual (takes place only during the unfavourable conditions by means of gametangial copulation) means.

Agaricus is a genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species that belong from Division Basidiomycota.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Which one of the following may require pollinators, but is genetically similar to autogamy?

Options:
A Geitonogamy
B Xenogamy
C Apogamy
D Cleistogamy

The correct answer is:
Geitonogamy

Solution:
Geitonogamy is functionally cross-pollination involving a pollinating agent, genetically it is similar to autogamy since the pollen grains come from the same plant.

Cross pollination involves the transfer of pollen grains from the flower of one plant to the stigma of the flower of another plant. It is also called xenogamy.

Embryo develops from any diploid cell of embryo sac except egg is referred to as apogamy (diploid apogamy).

Some plants never open to ensure complete self-pollination. This condition is called cleistogamy, e.g., Commelina bengalensis, Oxalis, Viola, etc.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Which one of the following metal ions is essential inside the cell for the metabolism of glucose/synthesis of proteins?

Options:
A Mg2+
B Ca2+
C K+
D Na+

The correct answer is:
Mg2+

Solution:
All enzymes that utilize ATP in phosphate transfer require magnesium as the cofactor.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which one of the following metallic ion does not occur as prosthetic group in any enzyme

Options:
A Mg
B Cu
C Zn
D Ag

The correct answer is:
Ag

Solution:
Cofactors are small molecules or compounds that bind to enzymes and allow the enzymes to function. Most of the enzymes require the presence of cofactors in order to be active. Inactive enzymes without a cofactor attached are referred to as apoenzymes. Conversely, enzymes that are complete with cofactors and ready to catalyze reactions are called holoenzymes.
There are two categories of cofactors: metals and coenzymes. Metal cofactors are essentially metal ions, such as Zn2+, Cu2+, Mg2+, and Ni2+. Ag is non-essential element in most of the organisms.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which one of the following methods can be used to obtain highly pure metal which is liquid at room temperature?

Options:
A Electrolysis
B Chromatography
C Distillation
D Zone refining

The correct answer is:
Distillation

Solution:
Metal which is liquid at room temperature is mercury and to refine this metal distillation is carried out.

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET, NEET 2021