datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
The kind of evolution in which two species of different genealogy come to resemble one another closely, is termed as

Options:
A Progressive evolution
B Convergent evolution
C Parallel evolution
D Regressive evolution

The correct answer is:
Convergent evolution

Solution:
Progressive evolution is development of organisms with more elaborate and specialised structures from those having less elaborate features e.g. amphibians from reptiles. Regressive or degenerative evolution is development of simpler forms from more complex ones. Such evolution has occurred in case of vestigial organs, parasitic forms, and in reduction of over specialised structures such as wings in flightless birds. Parallel evolution is formation of similar trains in related groups of organisms independently due to similar requirement e.g. running of two toed deer and one toed Horse. Evolution of wings in insects and birds serve as example of convergent evolution

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
The kind of evolution seen between flying insects, birds and bats is

Options:
A divergent evolution.
B parallel evolution.
C retrogressive metamorphosis.
D convergent evolution.

The correct answer is:
convergent evolution.

Solution:
Wings of butterfly and birds look alike. They are not anatomically similar structures though they perform similar functions. Hence, analogous structures are a result of convergent evolution - different structures evolving for the same function and therefore having similarity. Other examples of analogy are the eye of the octopus and mammals or the flippers of Penguins and Dolphins.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
The kind of tissue that forms the supportive structure in our pinna (external ears) is also found in

Options:
A vertebrae
B nails
C ear ossicles
D tip of the nose

The correct answer is:
tip of the nose

Solution:
Yellow fibrous cartilage tissue is found in pinna (external ear). It is also found at the tip of the rose.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
The kinetic energies of a planet in an elliptical orbit about the Sun, at positions, A, B and C are KA, KB and KC, respectively. AC is the major axis and SB is perpendicular to AC at the position of the Sun S as shows in the figure. Then

Options:
A KB<KA<KC
B KA>KB>KC
C KA<KB<KC
D KB>KA>KC

The correct answer is:
KA>KB>KC

Solution:
By angular momentum consentration about the sun,
L =IÏ= constant
KE=L22I
âµ SA â SB â SC
â IA<IB<IC
KEA>KEB>KEC

Topic: Physics, Gravitation, NEET, NEET 2018
The kinetic energy K of a particle moving along a circle of radius R depends on the distance covered s as K=a s2. The centripetal force acting on the particle is

Options:
A 2asR
B 2as2
C 2as
D 2 as⁡ 2 R⁡

The correct answer is:
2 as⁡ 2 R⁡

Solution:
Kinetic energy =12mv2=K=as2
or mv2=2as2
Centripetal force = mv2R=2as2R

Topic: Physics, Laws of Motion, NEET
The kinetic energy K of a particle moving in a straight line depends on the distance s as K=as2. The force acting on the particle is
(where a is a constant)

Options:
A 2as
B as
C 2a
D as2

The correct answer is:
2as

Solution:
Here kinetic energy K = 1 2 mv 2 = a sâ¡ 2
â´ mv2 = 2as2 ...(i)
Differentiating eqn (i) w.r.t. to time t, we get
2 mv dv dt = 4 as ds dt = 4 asvâ¡ or m dv dt = 2 as

Topic: Physics, Work Power Energy, NEET
The kinetic energy of a particle executing S.H.M. is 16 J when it is at its mean position. If the amplitude of oscillations is 25 cm, and the mass of the particle is 5.12 kg, then the time period of the oscillation is

Options:
A 20π s
B 2π s
C Ï/5 s
D 5π s

The correct answer is:
Ï/5 s

Solution:
When the particle is in its mean position, the kinetic energy will be maximum,
Kmax=12mω2a2 and ω=2πT
⇒16=12×5.12×4π2T2×0.252
⇒T2=2.56×4π2×0.254×0.25
⇒T=1.6×2π×0.254=π5 s

Topic: Physics, Oscillations, NEET
The kinetic energy of a projectile at the highest point is half of the initial kinetic energy. The angle of projection with the horizontal is

Options:
A 30o
B 45o
C 60o
D 90o

The correct answer is:
45o

Solution:
KE athiat point = 1 2 KE initial
1 2 m 2 v cos θ 2 = 1 2 mv 2
cos 2 θ = 1 2
θ = 45 ο

Topic: Physics, Motion In Two Dimensions, NEET
The kinetic energy of the most energetic photo-electron emitted from a metal surface is doubled when the wavelength of the incident radiation is reduced from Î»1 to Î»2. The work function of the metal is

Options:
A hcλ1λ22λ2-λ1
B 2hcλ1λ22λ1-λ2
C 2hcλ1λ2λ1+λ2
D 2hcλ1λ2λ1-λ2

The correct answer is:
hcλ1λ22λ2-λ1

Solution:
Given: Kmax=hcÎ»1-W0â¦â¦. (i)
and 2Kmax=hcÎ»2-W0â¦â¦.(ii)
Dividing (ii) by (i), we get
2=hcÎ»2-W0hcÎ»1-W0
This gives W0=hcÎ»1Î»22Î»2-Î»1

Topic: Physics, Dual Nature of Matter, NEET
The kinetic energy of the most energetic photo-electron emitted from a metal surface is doubled when the wavelength of the incident radiation is reduced from Î»1 to Î»2 . The work function of the metal is

Options:
A hcλ1λ22λ2-λ1
B 2hcλ1λ22λ1-λ2
C 2hcλ1λ2λ1+λ2
D 2hcλ1λ2λ1-λ2

The correct answer is:
hcλ1λ22λ2-λ1

Solution:
Given: Kmax=hcÎ»1-W0â¦â¦. (i)
and 2Kmax=hcÎ»2-W0â¦â¦.(ii)
Dividing (ii) by (i), we get
2=hcÎ»2-W0hcÎ»1-W0
This gives W0=hcÎ»1Î»22Î»2-Î»1

Topic: Physics, Dual Nature of Matter, NEET
The kinetic energy of the most energetic photoelectrons emitted from a metal surface is doubled when the wavelength of the incident radiation is reduced from λ1 to λ2. The work function of the metal is

Options:
A hcλ1λ22λ2-λ1
B hcλ1λ22λ1-λ2
C hcλ1λ2λ1+λ2
D hcλ1λ2λ1-λ2

The correct answer is:
hcλ1λ22λ2-λ1

Solution:
k=hcλ1-ϕ and 2k=hcλ2-ϕ

Topic: Physics, Dual Nature of Matter, NEET
The Kjeldahl's method for the estimation of nitrogen can be used to estimate the amount of nitrogen in which one of the following compounds?

Options:
A

B

C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Kjeldahl's method cannot be used for nitrogen determination of compounds having nitro group, azo group or nitrogen present in the rings.

In the pyridine, nitrogen present in the ring.

The above molecule is azo benzene.

The above molecule is nitro benzene.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 1)
The Km of an enzyme is

Options:
A One half of the Vmax
B A dissociation constant
C The substrate concentration that gives maximal velocity
D The substrate concentration that gives half maximal velocity

The correct answer is:
The substrate concentration that gives half maximal velocity

Solution:
This value is numerically equal to the substrate concentration at which half of the enzyme molecules are associated with the substrate. Km value is an index of the affinity of the enzyme for its particular substrate. This is usually expressed as the Km (Michaelis constant) of the enzyme, an inverse measure of affinity.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
The label of a herbarium sheet does not carry information on:

Options:
A Date of collection
B Name of collector
C Local names
D Height of the plant

The correct answer is:
Height of the plant

Solution:
Herbarium:

It is defined as a “storehouse of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets”. Further, these sheets are arranged in the sequence of a universally accepted system of classification. The sheets having different specimens along with their accurate information from a herbarium. These herbarium sheets are carefully preserved for future use. These sheets carry a label on the right—hand side at the lower corner, which provides information about the specimen.

1. Date on which the specimen was collected.
2. Place from where the specimen was collected.
3. English name of the specimen.
4. Vernacular or local name of the specimen.
5. Botanical name of the specimen.
6. Family of the specimen.
7. Name of the collector of that specific specimen.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
The Lac operon gets switched on when

Options:
A repressor binds to operator
B lactose binds to the repressor protein
C RNA polymerase binds to operator
D lactose binds to RNA polymerase

The correct answer is:
lactose binds to the repressor protein

Solution:
The functional unit of DNA having a group of genes regulated by a single promoter is termed as an operon. Operon holds the promoter, operator, and the structural genes which express to produce the necessary protein Intron are not part of the operon. Lac operon is one of the most widely studied operon models.
Repressor protein is part of the gene expression regulation where it inhibits the expression of a gene by attaching to the operator part of the regulatory unit.
Lac operon is activated by the removal of the repressor protein. Binding of the lactose to repressor protein exposes the operator part of the gene and initiates its expression.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
The lactose present in the growth medium of bacteria is transported to the cell by the action of

Options:
A Acetylase
B Permease
C Polymerase
D Beta-galactosidase

The correct answer is:
Permease

Solution:
The $y$ gene lac operon codes for permease enzyme, which increase the permeability of cell to $\beta$-galactosides.
So, the lactose present in the growth medium of bacteria is transported into the cell by the action of permease.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2024
The Langmuir adsorption isotherm is deduced using the assumption:

Options:
A the adsorption sites are equivalent in their ability to adsorb the particles
B the heat of adsorption varies with coverage
C the adsorbed molecules interact with each other
D the adsorption takes place in multilayers

The correct answer is:
the adsorption sites are equivalent in their ability to adsorb the particles

Solution:
Langmuir adsorption isotherm is based on that every adsorption site is equivalent and the ability of a particle to binding is independent of sites are either occupied or unoccupied.
Related Theory
The key difference between Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms is that
Freundlich adsorption isotherm is empirical, whereas Langmuir adsorption isotherm is theoretical. The adsorption isotherm is a primary method that we can use to predict the adsorption capacity of a particular substance.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2007
The Langmuir adsorption isotherm is deducted using the assumption

Options:
A the adsorption sites are equivalent in their ability to adsorb the particles
B the heat of adsorption varies with coverage
C the adsorbed molecules interact with each other.
D the adsorption takes place in multi layers

The correct answer is:
the adsorption sites are equivalent in their ability to adsorb the particles

Solution:
Langmuir adsorption isotherm is based on the assumption that every adsorption site is equivalent and that the ability of a particle to bind there is independent of whether nearby sites are occupied or not occupied.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
The lanthanide contraction is responsible for the fact that

Options:
A Zn and Y have about the same radii
B Zr and Nb have simtextlar oxidation state
C Zr and Hf have almost the same radii
D Zr and Zn have the same oxidation state

The correct answer is:
Zr and Hf have almost the same radii

Solution:
There is a regular decrease in the atomtextc and ionic radii of lanthanide from La to Lu . This decrease in radii is a unique feature and is known as lanthanide contraction. It is due to greater effect of the increased nuclear charge than that of the screening effect. As a result of lanthanide contraction the normal increase in size from Sc→Y→La disappears after the lanthanide series and the pair of elements like Zr and Hf have almost the same radii.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
The lanthanide contraction is responsible for the fact that

Options:
A Zr and Hf have same radius
B Zr and Zn have the same oxidation state
C Zr and Y have same radius
D Zr and Nb have similar oxidation state

The correct answer is:
Zr and Hf have same radius

Solution:
Due to lanthanide contraction effective nuclear charge of 5d series metals increases and size decreases.

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
The large holes in "Swiss cheese" are because of

Options:
A Propionibacterium sharmanii
B Saccharomyces cerevisiae
C Trichoderma polysporum
D Clostridium butylicum

The correct answer is:
Propionibacterium sharmanii

Solution:
Swiss cheese has large holes in it due to carbon dioxide formed by the activity of bacteria Propionibacterium sharmanii.
Trichoderma polysporum, a type of fungus, produces cyclosporin A (an immunosuppressive agent). Blood cholesterol-lowering agent statins are also obtained from the fungus Monascus purpureus.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
The large vessels that are used for the large-scale production of biotechnological products from raw resources is called ___

Options:
A Origin of replication
B Bioreactors
C Downstream processing
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Bioreactors

Solution:
The large vessels that are used for the large-scale production of biotechnological products from raw resources are called Bioreactors.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
The largest amount of phosphate bond energy is produced in the process of respiration during

Options:
A Anaerobic respiration
B Glycolysis
C Kreb's cycle
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Kreb's cycle

Solution:
The largest amount of ATP is produced during aerobic respiration (38 ATP). It includes 8 ATP in glycolysis and 30 ATP in the Krebs cycle.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
The largest cell among the following is

Options:
A cell of the morula.
B cell of the blastula.
C cell of the gastrula.
D zygote.

The correct answer is:
zygote.

Solution:
Formation of zygote is universal in all sexual reproducing organism. Zygote is the first product of sexual reproduction which is formed by fusion of male gamete with egg cell or female gamete. Zygote undergoes cleavage which reduces the cell size. Every sexually reproducing organism, including human beings begin life as a single cell the zygote. Zygote is the vital link between organism of one generation and next as it undergoes division to form embryo from which new progeny develops.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
The largest known human gene is

Options:
A Gene for dystrophin
B Gene for ADA
C Gene for cystic fibrosis
D Gene for phenylalanine hydroxylase

The correct answer is:
Gene for dystrophin

Solution:
The average gene consists of 3000 bases, but sizes vary greatly, with the largest known human gene being dystrophin at 2.4 million bases.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
The largest land dinosaur was

Options:
A Stegosaurus
B Tyrannosaurus
C Brachiosaurus
D Triceraptops

The correct answer is:
Tyrannosaurus

Solution:
The biggest dinosaur was Tyrannosaurus rex and was about 20 feet in height and had huge fearsome dagger-like teeth.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
The largest number of neurons are found in

Options:
A Brain
B Retina
C Spinal cord
D Tongue

The correct answer is:
Brain

Solution:
The largest number of cell bodies of neurons in our body is found in the brain. There are three major types of neurons unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
The largest ovules, largest male and female gametes and largest plants are found among

Options:
A Angiosperms
B Tree ferns and some monocots
C Gymnosperms
D Dicotyledonous plants

The correct answer is:
Gymnosperms

Solution:
Egg of Cycas (Gymnosperms) and its nucleus are the largest in the plant kingdom. The sperms of Cycas are also the largest in the plant kingdom.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
The largest part of the foregut of insects is ____ and is meant for ______.

Options:
A Stomach, digestion
B Crop, storage
C Gizzard, crushing
D Ileum, absorption

The correct answer is:
Crop, storage

Solution:
The foregut or stomodaeum of insects is lined by the cuticle. It consists of a buccal chamber, pharynx (short tubular), esophagus (narrow tubular), crop and gizzard.
Crop: It is a thin-walled, large-sized pear-shaped sac. It is the largest part of the foregut. It is meant for the storage of food.
Gizzard (or proventriculus): It is small but thick-walled. It is having a thick outer layer of circular muscles and thick inner cuticle with 6 highly chitinous plates known as teeth. It is meant for grinding and crushing of food.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
The largest tiger reserve in India is:

Options:
A Valmiki
B Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam
C Periyar
D Nagarhole.

The correct answer is:
Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam

Solution:
Nagarjunasagar - Srisailam tiger reserve is the largest tiger reserve in India, located in Andhra Pradesh.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
The largest tiger reserve in India is,

Options:
A Valmiki
B Nagarjunsagar - Srisailam
C Periyar
D Nagarhole

The correct answer is:
Nagarjunsagar - Srisailam

Solution:
Largest tiger reserve in India is Nagarjunsagar - Srisailam, Guntoor, Andhra pradesh, is a national park which also comes under project tiger, initiated in 1972 to protect tigers from extinction.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
The largest wavelength in the ultraviolet region of the hydrogen spectrum is 122 nm. The smallest wavelength in the infrared region of the hydrogen spectrum (to the nearest integer) is

Options:
A 802 nm

B 823 nm
C 1882 nm
D 1648 nm

The correct answer is:
823 nm

Solution:
The series in UV region is Lyman series. Longest wavelength corresponds to minimum energy which occurs in the transition from n = 2 to n = 1.
Therefore 122=1R(112-122) ... (i).
The smallest wavelength in the infrared region corresponds to a maximum energy of the Paschen series.
λ = 1 R 1 3 2 - 1 ∞ .... (ii)
Solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
λ = 823.5 nm

Topic: Physics, Atomic Physics, NEET
The larva of Sycon is

Options:
A parenchymula
B redia
C planula
D amphiblastula

The correct answer is:
amphiblastula

Solution:
Amphiblastula is a free-swimming larval of Sycon and other calcareous sponges. This larvae essentially looks like a blastula with small flagellated cells and large non-flagellated cells in the hemispheres.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
The Lassaigne's extract is boiled with conc $\mathrm{HNO}_3$ while testing for halogens. By doing so it

Options:
A helps in the precipitation of $\mathrm{AgCl}$
B increases the solubility product of $\mathrm{AgCl}$
C increases the concentration of $\mathrm{NO}_3^{-}$ions
D decomposes $\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{~S}$ and $\mathrm{NaCN}$, if formed

The correct answer is:
decomposes $\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{~S}$ and $\mathrm{NaCN}$, if formed

Solution:
$\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{~S}$ and NaCN, if present in the extract, will be decomposed to $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}$ and $\mathrm{HCN}$ by $\mathrm{HNO}_3$.
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \mathrm{NaCN}+\mathrm{HNO}_3 \longrightarrow \mathrm{NaNO}_3+\mathrm{HCN} \\
& \mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{~S}+2 \mathrm{HNO}_3 \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NaNO}_3+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}
\end{aligned}
$$
These will escape from the solution and will not interfere with the test for halogens.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
The last chromosome sequenced in Human Genome Project was :

Options:
A Chromosome 22
B Chromosome 14
C Chromosome 6
D Chromosome 1

The correct answer is:
Chromosome 1

Solution:
The last chromosome sequenced in Human Genome Project was Chromosome-1. It was completed in May 2006

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
The last part of the oviduct which has a narrow lumen and joins the uterus is

Options:
A infundibulum
B ampulla
C fimbriae
D isthmus

The correct answer is:
isthmus

Solution:
Female reproductive system consists of a pair of ovaries, oviducts, uterus, vagina, and cervix. The oviduct is also known as the Fallopian tube. It is further divided into three parts. The infundibulum is the first part of the oviduct that also has extensions known as fimbriae that collects ova from ovary. Second part is the ampulla and this is the widest part of oviduct. This is the region where the chances of fertilization is maximum. The last part is isthmus which finally opens into the uterus through opening called as cornua.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
The latest trend in plant disease control is

Options:
A Chemical control
B Biological control
C Good manure and fertilizer
D Breeding for disease resistance

The correct answer is:
Biological control

Solution:
Biological pest control is one of the most suitable methods. Biological pest control involves the use of other organisms to kill the pests constitutes.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
The lattice energy of solid NaCl is 180 kcal/mol. The dissolution of the solid in water in the form of ions is endothermic to the extent of 1 kcal/mol. If the hydration energies of Na+ and Cl- are in the ratio 6 : 5, what is the enthalpy of hydration of Na+ ion ?

Options:
A - 8.5 kcal mol-1
B - 97.64 kcal mol-1
C + 82.6 kcal mol-1
D + 100 kcal mol-1

The correct answer is:
- 97.64 kcal mol-1

Solution:
Î H solu = Î H hydration + Î H Lattice
1 = Î H hydration + 1 8 0
Î H hydration = - 1 7 9 kcal mol - 1
Î H hyd Na + + Î H hyd cl - = -1 7 9 kcal mol - 1
Î H hyd Na + = - 1 7 9 Ã 6 1 1
= - 9 7 Â· 6 4 kcal mol - 1

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
The laws and rules to prevent unauthorised exploitation of bioresources are termed as:

Options:
A Biopatenting
B Bioethics
C Bioengineering
D Biopiracy

The correct answer is:
Biopatenting

Solution:
A set of exclusive rights granted by a state (national government) to an inventors or their assignee for a limited period of time in exchange for a public disclosure of an invention are called patents. If such exclusive rights are given to prevent unauthorised eploitation of bioresources, it is called biopatenting.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
The layer of cells forming tissue that appears to be multilayered but actually some of the cells extend from the basement membrane to the surface is

Options:
A Simple columnar epithelium
B Pseudostratified epithelium
C Stratified columnar epithelium
D Stratified cuboidal epithelium

The correct answer is:
Pseudostratified epithelium

Solution:
Pseudostratified epithelium always consists of a single layer of irregularly shaped columnar cells touching the basement membrane, i.e., the long cells with oval nuclei and short cells with rounded nuclei. Some of the cells (long cells) extend from the basement membrane to the surface. Hence, although epithelium is one cell thick, it appears to be multilayered or stratified, thus called Pseudostratified.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
The least constancy of shape is exhibited by _______.

Options:
A white blood cells
B blood platelets
C epithelial cells
D red blood cells

The correct answer is:
white blood cells

Solution:
WBC’s are the phagocytic cells which performs phagocytosis by forming pseudopodia. Hence, they keep changing their structure.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
The least count of a stopwatch is 0.2 s. The time of 20 oscillations of a pendulum is measured to be 25 s. The percentage error in the measurement of the time period will be

Options:
A 8%
B 1.8%
C 0.8%
D 0.1%

The correct answer is:
0.8%

Solution:
percentage error = least countTotal timeÃ100
0.225Ã100=0.8%

Topic: Physics, Units and Dimensions, NEET
The least electrophilic sp2 carbon present in

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Nitrogen attached to sp2 hybridized carbon shows +M effect, due to this positive charge density decrease hence electrophilic character deceases.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET