datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Eukaryotic, achlorophyllous and heterotrophic organisms are grouped under which of the following kingdoms?

Options:
A Monera
B Protista
C Fungi
D Plantae

The correct answer is:
Fungi

Solution:
Fungi form a unique group of heterotrophic organisms showing wide diversity. These organisms have cell wall which is made of chitin unlike cellulose seen in plants. The commonly consumed mushroom and toadstool are included in this kingdom. These organisms are achlorophyllous as they are all non-photosynthetic.
Kingdom Monera includes all the prokaryotic organisms including the autotrophic and heterotrophic groups. These have non-cellulosic cell wall like Fungi but it contains varying concentration of peptidoglycan. All bacteria are included in this kingdom.
Kingdom Protista includes all single-celled eukaryotes. Protozoans, Euglenoids, Dinoflagellates are included in this group. Organisms in the kingdom are primarily aquatic and some show presence of flagella and cilia.
All the chlorophyll containing eukaryotes are included in the kingdom Plantae. All the organisms in it have cell wall made of cellulose and are autotrophic (some partial autotrophic- insectivorous plant).

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Eukaryotic genome differs from prokaryotic genome in

Options:
A DNA being circular
B possessing histones and non-histone proteins
C having single stranded DNA
D DNA is not organized inside nucleus.

The correct answer is:
possessing histones and non-histone proteins

Solution:
Eukaryotes are the cell type that has a well-defined nucleus that holds the DNA inside. The length of the DNA in eukaryotes is approximately 2.2 m and is too long to get embedded inside the nucleus. To enable this inclusion of DNA in the nucleus, the DNA is packaged into a coiled structure called nucleosome with the help of positively charged histone proteins and non-histone proteins.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Euro-II norms stipulate that sulphur should be controlled at

Options:
A 350 ppm in petrol and 150 ppm in diesel
B 350 ppm in diesel and 150 ppm in petrol
C 50 ppm in petrol and 250 ppm in diesel
D 150 ppm in petrol and 50 ppm in diesel

The correct answer is:
350 ppm in diesel and 150 ppm in petrol

Solution:
The government of India has laid strict norms for steadily reducing the content of sulphur and other aromatic compounds in petrol and diesel. In Euro norm-ll, sulphur is stipulated to be controlled at 350ppm in diesel and 150ppm in petrol.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Eustachian canal connects

Options:
A Middle ear with external ear
B Middle ear with internal ear
C External ear with internal ear
D Middle ear with the pharynx

The correct answer is:
Middle ear with the pharynx

Solution:
The eustachian tube, connects the nasopharynx with the middle ear cavity and functions to equalize the pressure in the middle ear with atmospheric pressure.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Eutrophication is caused by

Options:
A Phosphate rocks only
B Agricultural fertilizers only
C Sewage and phosphate rocks
D Sewage and agricultural fertilizers

The correct answer is:
Sewage and agricultural fertilizers

Solution:
Eutrophication is characterized by excessive plant and algal growth due to the increased availability of one or more limiting growth factors needed for photosynthesis, such as sunlight, carbon dioxide, and nutrient fertilizers. Eutrophication occurs naturally over centuries as lakes age and is filled in with sediments. However, human activities have accelerated the rate and extent of eutrophication through both point-source discharges and nonpoint loadings of limiting nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, into aquatic ecosystems (i.e., cultural eutrophication), with dramatic consequences for drinking water sources, fisheries, and recreational water bodies. Eutrophication is one of the causes of the deterioration of water quality. Nutrients can have a natural or anthropogenic origin and come from:
a) Domestic wastewater
b) Industrial waste
c) Agriculture (fertilizer use)Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (livestock and gases)

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Eutrophication is often seen in

Options:
A fresh water lakes
B ocean
C mountains
D deserts

The correct answer is:
fresh water lakes

Solution:
Eutrophication is a nutrient enrichment of water body resulting in increased growth of algae, other plants and animals. It is often seen is fresh water lakes. Actually it is the natural ageing of a lake by biological enrichment of its water.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
Eutrophication occurs because of:

Options:
A Calcium and Magnesium
B Nitrogen and phosphorous
C Carbon and oxygen
D Mercury and DDT

The correct answer is:
Nitrogen and phosphorous

Solution:
Eutrophication is the natural aging of a lake by biological enrichment of its water. Streams draining into the lake in bring nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which encourage the growth of aquatic organisms. Over the centuries, as silt and organic debris pile up, the lake grows shallower and warmer. Marsh plants take root in the shallows and begin to fill in the original lake. Eventually, the lake gives way to large masses of floating plants finally converting into land.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Evaluate equivalent weight of A s 2 O 3 :

As2O3+5H2O→2AsO43-+10H++4 e −

Options:
A EAs2O3=MAs2O33
B EAs2O3=MAs2O34
C EAs2O3=MAs2O35
D EAs2O3=MAs2O32

The correct answer is:
EAs2O3=MAs2O34

Solution:
Ered/oxi=Mol. weight of reductant or oxidantNumber of electrons gained or lost by one molecule reductant or oxidant or valence factor
EAs2O3=MAs2O34 ( As26+ â¶ 2As5++ 4 e − )
Per mole 4 e − lose so 'n' factor = 4
Equivalent weight of A s 2 O 3 = M  wt.  of  A s 2 O 3 4

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
Even in absence of pollinating agents, seed-setting is assured in:

Options:
A Zostera
B Salvia
C Fig
D Commelina

The correct answer is:
Commelina

Solution:
Commelina has cleistogamous flower and is invariably autogamous, and hence, assured seed-setting occurs even in the absence of the pollinator.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Every 100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers approximately

Options:
A 4 ml of CO2 to the tissues
B 4 ml of CO2 to the alveoli
C 5 ml of CO2 to the alveoli
D 5 ml of CO2 to the tissues

The correct answer is:
4 ml of CO2 to the alveoli

Solution:
Every 100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers approximately 4 ml of CO2 to the alveoli.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver around

Options:
A 5 ml of O2 to the alveoli
B 5 ml of O2 to the tissues
C 4 ml of CO2 to the tissues
D 4 ml of CO2â to the alveoli

The correct answer is:
5 ml of O2 to the tissues

Solution:
Every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver around 5 ml of O2 to the tissues under normal physiological conditions.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
"Every species has a right to live". What kind of value implies the conservation of biodiversity?

Options:
A Narrowly utilitarian
B Broadly utilitarian
C Aesthetic
D Ethical

The correct answer is:
Ethical

Solution:
The Convention on biological diversity emerged out of a universal consensus that biodiversity is of immense value to mankind. Although the report adopted the definition of the Convention on biological diversity, it reviews the concept of biodiversity as applied to genes, microbes, ecosystems and the planet as a whole. The ethics of biodiversity argues that these facts should inspire careful reflection and action in the society, which must learn from earth's vast diversity in order to help conserve the natural and social diversity of our planet. Nature has given this planet to all the life forms and we (Human) by any means have no right to dispose other organisms from its place is the core of ethical aspect for bio-diversity.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas is known as

Options:
A adaptive radiation
B natural selection
C migration
D divergent evolution

The correct answer is:
adaptive radiation

Solution:
The diversification of an ancestral group into two or more species in different habitats is called divergent evolution. When this involves large number of species to occupy different ritches, this is called adaptive radiation. Adaptive radiation is the process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a species of animals or plants and literally radiating to other areas of geography (habitats). Darwin's finches represent one of best examples of this phenomenon. Australian marsupials are another example of adaptive radiation.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
Evolution of life shows that life forms had a trend of moving from:

Options:
A land to water
B dryland to wetland
C freshwater to seawater
D water to land

The correct answer is:
water to land

Solution:
Evolution of life shows that life forms had a trend of moving from water to land and evolved to adapt to terrestrial conditions.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Evolutionary biology is the study of

Options:
A History of chemical variation of life
B History of ecological biology
C History of environmental biology
D History of life forms on earth

The correct answer is:
History of life forms on earth

Solution:
Evolutionary biology is the study of the history of life forms on earth. To understand the changes in flora and fauna that have occurred over millions of years on Earth, we must have an understanding of the context of the origin of life, i.e., the evolution of the Earth, of stars, and indeed of the universe itself.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Evolutionary classification is called

Options:
A Artificial system
B Natural system
C Phylogenetic system
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Phylogenetic system

Solution:
In the Phylogenetic system of classification, the organisms are arranged according to their evolutionary relations.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Examination of blood of a person suspected of having anaemia, shows large, immature, nucleated erythrocytes without haemoglobin. Supplementing his dict with which of the following, is likely to alleviate his symptoms?

Options:
A iron compounds
B thiamine
C folic acid and cobalamine
D riboflavin

The correct answer is:
iron compounds

Solution:
Anaemia is marked by an abnormally low haemoglobin concentration. The most common cause is deficiency of iron which is an essential element of the haemoglobin molecule. Thus, the iron compounds in the diet will help to alleviate the symptoms of anaemia. Thiamine (vitamin $\mathrm{B}_1$ ), deficiency causes beri-beri. Riboflavin (vitamin $\mathrm{B}_2$ ) deficiency causes cheilosis and skin diseases. Cobalamine (vitamin $\mathrm{B}_{12}$ ) deficiency causes pernicious anemia. Folic acid (vitamin $B_9$ ) causes anaemia.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET, NEET 2006
Examine the diagram and identify the correction option.

Options:
A C-Transformation does not occur, no change and only R-strain will be observed.
B A-Transformation occurs and new R-strain will be converted to S-strain
C B-Transformation occurs and all the S-strain will be transformed to R-strain
D B-Transformation does not occur and new S-strain appears mixed with R-strain

The correct answer is:
C-Transformation does not occur, no change and only R-strain will be observed.

Solution:
The liquid extract from dead virulent S-strain bacteria with normal R-strain bacteria is present in the culture vessels A, B and C. Different enzymes were added to the culture vessels and a brief incubation was given for the growth of the organism. The culture vessel A and B will undergo a transformation and new S-cells appears mixed with R-cells and in C vessel transformation does not occur, no change and only R cells will be observed. This is because the transformation principle tells that DNA is the genetic material that transforms the R-strain to S-strain and with DNase treatment, the DNA gets degraded and thus no transformation.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET, NEET 2014
Examine the diagram and identify the correction option.

Options:
A C-Transformation does not occur, no change and only R-strain will be observed.
B A-Transformation occurs and new R-strain will be converted to S-strain
C B-Transformation occurs and all the S-strain will be transformed to R-strain
D B-Transformation does not occur and new S-strain appears mixed with R-strain

The correct answer is:
C-Transformation does not occur, no change and only R-strain will be observed.

Solution:
The liquid extract from dead virulent S-strain bacteria with normal R-strain bacteria is present in the culture vessels A, B and C. Different enzymes were added to the culture vessels and a brief incubation was given for the growth of the organism. The culture vessel A and B will undergo a transformation and new S-cells appears mixed with R-cells and in C vessel transformation does not occur, no change and only R cells will be observed. This is because the transformation principle tells that DNA is the genetic material that transforms the R-strain to S-strain and with DNase treatment, the DNA gets degraded and thus no transformation.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Examine the diagram given below and identify the angiosperm family to which it belongs to.

Options:
A Solanaceae
B Leguminosae
C Papilionaceae
D Liliaceae

The correct answer is:
Solanaceae

Solution:
Solanaceae is commonly called as the 'potato family'. They have 5 petals and 5 sepals and hence they have pentamerous symmetry. They have two carpels in their gynoecium which are fused together (syncarpous condition). They have a bilocular superior ovary with axile placentation (placenta swollen).

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
Examine the figures (A - D) given below and select the right option out of (a - d), in which all the four structures A, B, C and D are identified correctly.

Options:
A A - Rhizome, B - Sporangiophore, C - Polar cell, D - Globule
B A - Runner, B - Archegoniophore, C - Synergid, D - Antheridium
C A - Offset, B - Antheridiophore, C - Antipodals, D - Oogonium
D A - Sucker, B - Seta, C - Megaspore mother cell, D - Gemma cup

The correct answer is:
A - Offset, B - Antheridiophore, C - Antipodals, D - Oogonium

Solution:
A - Offset of water hyacinth (Eichhornia)
B - Antheridiophore of Marchantia
C - Antipodals of the mature embryo sac
D - Oogonium of Chara

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Example of convergent evolution is:

Options:
A Formation of analogous structures
B Formation of homologous structures
C Forelimbs of whale, bat and humans
D Artificial selection

The correct answer is:
Formation of analogous structures

Solution:
Convergent evolution forms analogous structures.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Examples of diseases related to lifestyle include all, EXCEPT

Options:
A liver cirrhosis
B emphysema
C obesity
D pneumonia

The correct answer is:
pneumonia

Solution:
Disease means uneasiness. Diseases are classified as infectious or noninfectious. Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens and are thus communicable. Non infectious diseases are not caused by pathogens. These include diseases related to lifestyles, congenital diseases, diseases related to old age etc. Diseases related to lifestyle include diseases caused due to overuse of drugs, alcohol, lack of obesity etc. Pneumonia is caused by pathogen and hence it is an infectious disease.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Examples of few solids are given below. Find out the example which is not correctly matched.

Options:
A Ionic solids-NaCl, ZnS
B Covalent solids- H2,I2
C Molecular solids- H2O(s)
D Metallic solids-Cu, Sn

The correct answer is:
Covalent solids- H2,I2

Solution:
H2 and I2 are molecular solids.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
Exarch and polyarch condition found in

Options:
A Monocot stem
B Dicot stem
C Monocot root
D Dicot root

The correct answer is:
Monocot root

Solution:
When the development of xylem takes place towards the centre of the axis or in other words the protoxylem develops towards the periphery, it is called centripetal xylem and the xylem strand as exarch. The vascular bundles are scattered in monocots and hence it is polyarch condition. Exarch and polyarch condition of vascular bundle is found in monocot roots.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
Except for glycine, which is achiral, all the amino acids present in proteins

Options:
A Are chiral, but recemic
B Have the L configuration at their α carbon
C Have the R configuration at their α carbon
D Have the S configuration at their α carbon

The correct answer is:
Have the L configuration at their α carbon

Solution:
Amino acids which combine into peptide chains to form the building blocks of a rest array of proteins are all L-stereoisomers (left handed)
Glycine NH2-CH2-COOH
L-amino acid

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Excess of ammonia with sodium hypochloride solution in the presence of glue or gelatine gives

Options:
A NaNH2
B NH2NH2
C N2
D NH4Cl

The correct answer is:
NH2NH2

Solution:
2NH3+NaOCl→NH2-NH2+NaCl+H2O

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Excess of growth hormone causes acromegaly in adults. In normal individuals, such condition doesn't arise due to inhibition of growth hormone. Which of the following is responsible for secretion of hormone that regulates growth hormone secretion?

Options:
A The gland situated at the base of diencephalon
B The gland situated in a bony cavity of the sphenoid bone
C The gland situated on the dorsal side of the forebrain
D The gland having two lobes situated on either side of the trachea

The correct answer is:
The gland situated at the base of diencephalon

Solution:
The hormone whose excess can cause acromegaly in adults is growth Hormone. The release of growth hormone is inhibited by somatostatin. Somatostatin is secreted by the hypothalamus, which is situated at the base of the diencephalon.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Excess of KI reacts with CuSO4 solution and then Na2S2O3 is added to it. Which of the statements is incorrect for this reaction?

Options:
A Cu2l2 is formed
B Cul2 is formed
C Na2S2O3 is oxidized
D evolved I2 is reduced

The correct answer is:
Cul2 is formed

Solution:
CuSO4+2KI→CuI2+K2SO4
2CuI2→Cu2I2+I2
So, Cul2 is not formed.

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
Excess of KI reacts with CuSO4 solution and then Na2S2O3 solution is added to it. Which of the statements is incorrect in this reaction?

Options:
A Evolved I2 is reduced
B CuI2 is formed
C Na2S2O3 is oxidised
D Cu2I2 is formed

The correct answer is:
CuI2 is formed

Solution:
2CuSO4+4KI→Cu2I2+2K2SO4+I2
I2+2Na2S2O3→Na2S4O6+2NaI
This liberated I2 is reduced and Na2S2O3 is oxidised.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Excess of manganese induces a deficiency of

Options:
A Mg
B Iron
C Calcium
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
Manganese competes with iron and magnesium for uptake and with magnesium for binding with the enzyme. Excess of manganese may induce deficiencies of iron, magnesium, and calcium.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET
Excess use of herbicides or pesticides has resulted in selection of _____X___ varieties in a much lesser timescale and is a result of _______Y________.

Select the correct option for X and Y.

Options:
A X-resistant; Y-natural selection
B X-mutant; Y-genetic drift
C X-resistant; Y-anthropogenic action
D both a and c

The correct answer is:
X-resistant; Y-anthropogenic action

Solution:
Excess use of herbicides or pesticides has only resulted in the selection of resistant varieties in a much lesser timescale and are examples of evolution by anthropogenic action.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Excretion in cockroach is performed by all, EXCEPT :

Options:
A Urecose glands
B Malpighian tubules
C Fat body
D Hepatic caeca

The correct answer is:
Hepatic caeca

Solution:
Excretion in cockroach should not be performed by Hepatic caeca as it is glandular in nature which secrete digestive Juice. It is least concerned with excretion.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 2)
Excretory system is absent in

Options:
A Echinodermata
B Mollusca
C Annelids
D Arthropods

The correct answer is:
Echinodermata

Solution:
Echinodermata has complete digestive system with mouth on ventral side (oral or lower) and anus on dorsal side (aboral or upper). The most important feature is the presence of water vascular system. It performs the function of locomotion, capture and transport of food. Excretory system is absent.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Exine and pollen tube of pollen grain of dicotyledonous plant are respectively made up of

Options:
A Sporopollenin, glycerol
B Cellulose, pectinase
C Sporopollenin, cellulose
D Pectin, cellulose

The correct answer is:
Sporopollenin, cellulose

Solution:
Pollen grains are generally spherical measuring about 25-50 micrometers in diameter. It has a prominent two-layered wall. The hard outer layer called the exine is made up of sporopollenin which is one of the most resistant organic material known. It can withstand high temperatures and strong acids and alkali. No enzyme that degrades sporopollenin is so far known.The inner wall of the pollen grain is called the intine. It is a thin and continuous layer made up of cellulose and pectin. The pollen tube is an extension of intine

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Exine of pollen contains large amount of:

Options:
A Lecithin
B Sporopollenin
C Lignin
D Suberin

The correct answer is:
Sporopollenin

Solution:
Pollen grains are generally spherical measuring about 25-50 micrometers in diameter. It has a prominent two-layered wall. The hard outer layer called the exine is made up of sporopollenin which is one of the most resistant organic materials known. It can withstand high temperatures and strong acids and alkali. No enzyme that degrades sporopollenin is so far known.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
'Exobiology' or 'Cosmozoic theory' refers to the study of

Options:
A Life in the air
B Exodermis
C Terrestrial organisms
D Life on other planets

The correct answer is:
Life on other planets

Solution:
Exobiology involves studies related to the origin, evolution and distribution of life within the context of cosmic evolution. It also involves the study of the kind of life that may exist in outer space. Many theories proposed that the ‘protoplasm’ reached the Earth in the form of spores or germs or other simple particles from some unknown part of the universe with the cosmic dust and subsequently evolved into various forms of life.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Exon part of m-RNA have codes for

Options:
A Protein
B Lipid
C Carbohydrate
D Phospholipid

The correct answer is:
Protein

Solution:
Exon is that part of the DNA that will encode a protein and is a part of the final mature RNA produced after introns have been removed by RNA splicing. Exons are the coding part of mRNA.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Exon parts of $m$ RNAs have code for:

Options:
A protein
B lipid
C carbohydrate
D phospholipid

The correct answer is:
protein

Solution:
An exon is the portion of a gene that codes for amino acids. In the cells of plants and animals, most gene sequences are broken up by one or more DNA sequences called introns. The parts of the gene sequence that are expressed in the protein are called exons, because they are expressed, while the parts of the gene sequence that are not expressed in the protein are called introns, because they come in between or interfere with the exons.
Related Theory
Exons usually include both the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of mRNA, which contain start and stop codons, in addition to any protein coding sequences

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET, NEET 2002