datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
In C4 -plants, the decarboxylation of C4 acid to produce C3 acid and CO2 during photosynthesis occurs in-

Options:
A mesophyll
B stroma
C bundle sheath
D grana

The correct answer is:
bundle sheath

Solution:
C4-plants show two types of cell involved in the dark reaction process (Kranz anatomy) - mesophylly cells and bundle sheath cells. The light dependent reaction of photosynthesis occurs in mesophyll cells. And the light independent in the bundle sheath. The OAA formed in mesophyll is transferred to bundle sheath which is decarboxylated to release carbon dioxide to be used in dark reaction.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
In C4 plants,

Options:
A grana is present in mesophyll cells and absent in bundle sheath cells.
B grana is absent in mesophyll cells and present in bundle sheath cells.
C grana are present in both mesophyll and bundle sheath cells.
D grana are absent in both mesophyll and bundle sheath cells.

The correct answer is:
grana is present in mesophyll cells and absent in bundle sheath cells.

Solution:
HSK pathway plants have the ability to photosynthesis even in water stress condition. These plants have excellent affinity to prevent photorespiration in when the concentration of carbon dioxide is very less. These plants have dimorphic chloroplast Granal chloroplast present in spongy mesophyll cell where initial carbon dioxide fixation takes place. Agranal chloroplast present in bundle sheath cell where glucose is formed.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
In [Cr(O2)(NH3)4H2O]Cl2 , oxidation number of Cr is +3, then oxygen will be in the form

Options:
A dioxo
B peroxo
C superoxo
D oxo

The correct answer is:
superoxo

Solution:
The complex is [Cr(O2)(NH3)4H2O]Cl2 , let oxidation number of oxygen is x
So +3+2x+0×4+0-2=0
2x=-1
x=-12 .
Hence, oxygen is in superoxo form (O2-) .

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
In calcium fluoride, having the fluorite structure, the coordination numbers for calcium ion Ca2+ and fluoride ion F- are

Options:
A 4 and 2
B 6 and 6
C 8 and 4
D 4 and 8

The correct answer is:
8 and 4

Solution:
In CaF2, Ca2+ has FCC arrangement and F- ions are present in all tetrahedral voids.
∴ Co-ordination numbers for Ca2+ and F- ions are 8 and 4.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
In Calotropis, aestivation is :

Options:
A Imbricate
B Twisted
C Valvate
D Vexillary

The correct answer is:
Valvate

Solution:
When sepals or petals in a whorl just touch one another at margin, without overlapping, as in Calotropis, it is said to be valvate.
Imbricate aestivation is exhibited by Cassia,
Twisted aestivation is exhibited by China rose,
Vexillary aestivation is exhibited by Pea.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
In Cannabis, pollination is carried out by

Options:
A bats
B insects
C birds
D wind

The correct answer is:
wind

Solution:
Anemophily is the process of pollination by wind and is seen in Cannabis plants. Cannabis produces a well-exposed colorless flower and a large number of small pollen grains (around 5 lac pollens from the single flower) with hairy style and stigma.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
In CaO2, the oxidation number of Oxygen is:

Options:
A -1
B -2
C 0
D +1

The correct answer is:
0

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
0

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
In carboxylic acids, how are the bonds to the carboxyl carbon oriented in terms of their plane arrangement?

Options:
A They are oriented randomly.
B They are oriented at 90 degrees.
C They lie in one plane.
D They are oriented at 180 degrees.

The correct answer is:
They lie in one plane.

Solution:
In carboxylic acids, the bonds to the carboxyl carbon are oriented in one plane.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, NEET
In Carius method of estimation of halogen, 0.15 g of an organic compound gave 0.12 g of AgBr. Find out the percentage of bromine in the compound.

Options:
A Percentage of bromine=34.04%
B Percentage of bromine=15.25%
C Percentage of bromine=46.89%
D Percentage of bromine=53.12%

The correct answer is:
Percentage of bromine=34.04%

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
Percentage of bromine=34.04%

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
In Carnot engine, efficiency is 40% at hot reservoir temperature T. For efficiency 50%, what will be the temperature of hot reservoir?

Options:
A 2T5
B 6T
C 6T5
D T5

The correct answer is:
6T5

Solution:
The efficiency Î·=work doneheat input=WQ
Î·=1-T2T1
Where, T2= temperature of sink
And T1= temperature of hot reservoir
40100=1-T2T1
â T2T1=0.6
â T2=0.6T1
Now, 50100=1-T2T1â²âT2T1â²=0.5
0.6T1T1â²=0.5
â T1â²=0.60.5T1
â T1â²=65T1
â T1â²=65T âµ T1=T

Topic: Physics, Thermodynamics, NEET
In case of a couple where the male is having a very low sperm count, which of the following technique will be suitable for fertilization?

Options:
A Intrauterine transfer
B Gamete intracytoplasmic fallopian transfer
C Artificial Insemination
D Intracytoplasmic sperm injection

The correct answer is:
Artificial Insemination

Solution:
ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (AI): The introduction of seminal fluid directly into the uterus of female by artificial method is called artificial insemination. This technique is used in male who have low sperm count and inability to inseminate the female normally. It is of two types:

a) Artificial insemination- homologous (AIH): In this method the semen is collected from husband and is introduced into the vagina or uterus of the female.
b) Artificial insemination- donor (AID): In this method the semen is collected from donor and is introduced into the vagina or uterus of the female.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET, NEET 2017
In case of a forced vibration, the resonance peak becomes very sharp when the:

Options:
A damping force is small
B restoring force is small
C applied periodic force is small
D quality factor is small

The correct answer is:
damping force is small

Solution:
Less damping gives a taller and narrower resonance peak

Topic: Physics, Waves and Sound, NEET, NEET 2003
In case of closed organ pipe which harmonic, the pth overtone will be?

Options:
A 2p + 1
B 2p - 1
C p + 1
D p - 1

The correct answer is:
2p + 1

Solution:
In case of close organ pipe only odd harmonic are present so
1st overtone is 3rd harmonic
2nd overtone is 5th hamonic
pth overtone is (2p + 1) harmonic

Topic: Physics, Waves and Sound, NEET
In case of condensation of polymers?

Options:
A High molecular weight polymers are formed all at once.
B Lower molecular weight polymers are formed all at once.
C Molecular weight of polymers rises throughout the reaction.
D Have no specific relation to their molecular weight.

The correct answer is:
Molecular weight of polymers rises throughout the reaction.

Solution:
The process of condensation polymerization takes place in the following manner.
A + B â Condense A - B Monomers Dimer
A−B+A → Condense A−B−A
A−B−A+B→A−B−A−B
In this process no initiator is required and it is also called step growth polymerization.

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET
In case of evolution, which of the following statements is not correct?

Options:
A Fossilized animals provide important information to trace evolution.
B Wing of birds and forelimbs of cows are homologous.
C In higher animals, early development stages are similar.
D Variation among individuals are not important in natural selection.

The correct answer is:
Variation among individuals are not important in natural selection.

Solution:
Variations, which help the organisms in adaptations, are selected by nature and form the basis of evolution.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
In case of plant succession, when climax is reached, the net productivity of the ecosystem

Options:
A Continues to decrease
B Becomes halved
C Becomes stable
D Becomes zero

The correct answer is:
Becomes stable

Solution:
In the early stages of plant succession, photosynthesis is more than respiration (P > R). In the climax stage, huge respiration of living biomass occurs and photosynthesis is equal to respiration (P / R = 1 or P = R). Hence, net productivity becomes stable, when the climax stage is reached in plant succession.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
In Castner-Kellner cell for production of sodium hydroxide

Options:
A brine is electrolysed using graphite electrodes
B molten sodium chloride is electrolysed
C sodium amalgam is formed at mercury cathode
D brine is electrolysed with $\mathrm{Pt}$ electrodes

The correct answer is:
sodium amalgam is formed at mercury cathode

Solution:
In the Castner-Kellner cells, sodium amalgam is formed at the mercury cathode.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
In Castner-Kellner cell, used for the manufacture of NaOH, the cathode in the central compartment is made of

Options:
A graphite
B mercury
C iron
D platinum

The correct answer is:
iron

Solution:
In central compartment, iron is used as cathode and the layer of Hg acts as anode by induction.
In the outer compartments, graphite rods are used as anode and the mercury layer acts as cathode by induction.
Cathode Na +  +  e − → Hg Na-Hg (sodium amalgam)
Anode 2Cl-âCl2(g)+2e-

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
In castor plant:

Options:
A Autogamy is possible
B Geitonogamy is possible
C Both are possible
D Both are not possible

The correct answer is:
Geitonogamy is possible

Solution:
A device to prevent self pollination is the production of unisexual flower. If both male and female flowers are present on same plant than the plant is monoecious. It is a device to prevent autogamy but not geitonogamy. It is observed in plants like Castor and Maize.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
In cells actively participating in protein synthesis and secretion, which of the following organelles is frequently found?

Options:
A Golgi complex
B Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C Rough endoplasmic reticulum
D Mitochondria

The correct answer is:
Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Solution:
The ER often shows ribosomes attached to their outer surface. The endoplasmic reticulum bearing ribosomes on their surface is called the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). In the absence of ribosomes, they appear smooth and are called the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). RER is frequently observed in the cells actively involved in protein synthesis and secretion. They are extensive and continuous with the outer membrane of the nucleus.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
In cellular respiration, from 180g of glucose which of the following is formed?

Options:
A 264g CO2 + 190g H2O + 686 Kcal
B 264g CO2 + 108g H2O + 686 Kcal
C 390g CO2 + 108g H2O + 391 Kcal
D 390g CO2 + 264g H2O + 391 Kcal

The correct answer is:
264g CO2 + 108g H2O + 686 Kcal

Solution:
In respiration, from 180 gm of glucose 264 gm Co2 + 108 gm H2O + 686 Kcal energy is formed.
C 6 H 1 2 O 6 + 6 O 2 â 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + 6 8 6 Kcal
Atomic weight of C = 12, H = 1, O = 16
C6H12O6 = 1 3 Ã 6 + 1 2 Ã 1 + 1 6 Ã 6
= 180 gm
6CO2 = 6 (12 + 16 x 2)
= 264 gm
6H2O = 6 (2 x 1 + 16)
= 108 gm
â´ From 1 molecule or 180 gm of glucose, through respiration, 264 gm CO2, 108 gm H2O and 686 Kcal energy are formed.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
In CH₃CH₂OH, the oxidation number of Carbon in the ethyl group is:

Options:
A -1
B 0
C +2
D -2

The correct answer is:
+2

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
+2

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
In CH₃COOH, the oxidation number of Carbon in the carboxyl group is:

Options:
A -1
B 0
C +2
D +3

The correct answer is:
+3

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
+3

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
In chelate therapy, lead toxicity is removed by using the ligand

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
The toxic effect of Pb in the body is removed by forming its complex (chelate) with EDTA.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
In chemical reaction of potassium ferrocyanide and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of dil. H2SO4

Options:
A Ferrocyanide gets reduced to ferricyanide
B Ferrocyanide gets oxidised
C Iron does not change its oxidation state
D Hydrogen peroxide is oxidised

The correct answer is:
Ferrocyanide gets oxidised

Solution:
In reaction of potassium ferrocyanide and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of dil. H2SO4
[Fe(CN)6]4- is oxidised by H2O2 into [Fe(CN)6]3- ions.
2 K 4 [Fe (CN) 6 ]+ H 2 O 2 →2 K 3 [Fe (CN) 6 ]+2KOH

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
In chemical reactions carried out under constant atmospheric pressure, which state function is defined to account for the heat absorbed?

Options:
A Internal energy (U)
B Enthalpy (H)
C Gibbs free energy (G)
D Entropy (S)

The correct answer is:
Enthalpy (H)

Solution:
Enthalpy (H) is defined for chemical reactions carried out under constant atmospheric pressure to account for the heat absorbed.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
In chemistry, how is the presence of dipole moment represented on a Lewis structure?

Options:
A A small arrow with a cross on the positive end
B A small arrow with a cross on the negative end
C A crossed arrow with a cross on the positive end
D A crossed arrow with a cross on the negative end

The correct answer is:
A crossed arrow with a cross on the positive end

Solution:
In chemistry, the presence of dipole moment is represented by a crossed arrow on the Lewis structure of the molecule, with the cross on the positive end.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
In china rose, the flowers are

Options:
A Actinomorphic, hypogynous with twisted aestivation.
B Actinomorphic, epigynous with valvate aestivation.
C Zygomorphic, hypogynous with imbricate aestivation.
D Zygomorphic, egigynous with twisted aestivation.

The correct answer is:
Actinomorphic, hypogynous with twisted aestivation.

Solution:
China rose (Hibiscus), the flower is actinomorphic; thus, it can be divided into two equal halves from any vertical plane passing through the centre. Ovary is superior (hypogynous) and petals shows twisted aestivation.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
In chloroform mixed with nitrogen gas the solute exists in which state?

Options:
A Solid
B Gas
C Liquid
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Liquid

Solution:
Correct Option is : 3
Liquid

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
In chloroplast, the site for initial photochemical reaction is

Options:
A Intermembrane space
B Inner member are of chloroplast
C Thyllakoid membrane
D Stroma

The correct answer is:
Thyllakoid membrane

Solution:
The light reaction takes place in the thylakoid discs, where water (H2O) is oxidized, and oxygen (O2) is released. The electrons freed up from the water are transferred to ATP and NADPH. The dark reaction takes place in the stroma (aqueous fluid surrounding the stacks of thylakoids.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
In chloroplasts, chlorophyll is present in the:

Options:
A outer membrane
B inner membrane
C thylakoids
D stroma.

The correct answer is:
thylakoids

Solution:
The green pigment chlorophyll is located within the thylakoid membrane in the grana. The space between the thylakoid and the chloroplast membranes is called the stroma.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET, NEET 2004
In chromatography, what is the moving phase referred to as?

Options:
A Stationary phase
B Mobile phase
C Solid phase
D Immiscible phase

The correct answer is:
Mobile phase

Solution:
In chromatography, the moving phase is referred to as the mobile phase.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
In chromium chloride CrCl3, Cl- ions have cubic close packed arrangement and Cr3+ ions are present in the octahedral holes. The fraction of the total number of holes occupied is

Options:
A 13
B 16
C 19
D 112

The correct answer is:
19

Solution:
In CrCl3 for every, 3Cl- ions, there is one Cr3+ ion is present.
Thus, if there are 3Cl- ions are present in CCP.
Number of octahedral voids = 3, and tetrahedral voids = 6
Total voids = 3+6=9
As 1 Cr3+ ion is present in the octahedral void, therefore, fraction of holes occupied =19

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
In Citrus, apomictic embryos are observed which arise from

Options:
A diploid egg
B synergids
C maternal sporophytic tissue in ovule
D antipodal cells

The correct answer is:
maternal sporophytic tissue in ovule

Solution:
Apomixis is the phenomenon of developing seeds without fertilization. There several routes taken by different plants to produce apomictic embryos. In the citrus and mango group, cells surrounding the embryo sac participate in seed making without fertilization. These cells are the maternal sporophytic tissue around the embryo sac.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
In clean water, what is the typical BOD value?

Options:
A Less than 5 ppm
B Greater than 17 ppm
C Exactly 10 ppm
D Varies depending on temperature

The correct answer is:
Less than 5 ppm

Solution:
Clean water typically has a BOD value of less than 5 ppm.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
In Clemmensen's reduction, the catalyst used is

Options:
A Zn-Hg+Conc.HCl
B NH2NH2+C2H5ONa
C PdCl2/H2O
D C6H53P+C2H5ONa

The correct answer is:
Zn-Hg+Conc.HCl

Solution:
Zinc amalgam ZnâHg and conc. HCl is used as a catalyst for Clemmensen's reduction. This reagent converts >C=O group to > CH 2 group.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes and Ketones, NEET
In cloning of cattle a fertilized egg is taken out of the mother's womb and:

Options:
A in the eight cell stage, cells are separated and cultured until small embryos are formed which are unplanted into the womb of other cows
B in the eight cell stage the individual cells are separated under electrical field for further development on culture media
C from this upto eight identical twins can be produced
D the egg is divided into 4 pair; of cells which arc implanted into the womb of other cows.

The correct answer is:
in the eight cell stage, cells are separated and cultured until small embryos are formed which are unplanted into the womb of other cows

Solution:
In the cloning of cattle, a fertilized egg is taken out of the mother's womb. In the eight-cell stage, cells are separated and cultured until small embryos are formed. Later, these are implanted in the womb of a different cow i.e., the host mother.
Related Theory
Dolly is the first sheep which was developed by the technique of cloning. The sheep was developed from the diploid body cell. The somatic cell from the mother sheep was taken and the nucleus was injected into the egg cell which was cultured and transferred into the surrogate mother. This method is known as nuclear transfer. The sheep Dolly was identical in the characters with the mother who donated the diploid nucleus from the body cell. (Ref. to Fig. 25.5)

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET, NEET 2007
In cockroach excretion is brought about by-

A. Phallic gland

B. Urecose gland

C. Nephrocytes

D. Fat body

E. Collaterial glands

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options:
A B and D only
B A and E only
C A, B and E only
D B, C and D only

The correct answer is:
B, C and D only

Solution:
Cockroach belongs to the phylum Arthropoda, class Insecta and kingdom Animalia.

Phallic gland is a part of the male reproductive gland. The colleterial glands are organs associated with the female genital apparatus.

Excretion in cockroach is performed by malpighian tubules. Each tubule is lined by glandular and ciliated cells. They absorb nitrogenous waste products and convert them into uric acid which is excreted out through the hindgut. Therefore, this insect is called uricotelic. In addition, the fat body,
nephrocytes and urecose glands also help in excretion.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2023 (All India)
In cockroach, fore wings are known as:

Options:
A Mesothoracic wings
B Tegmina
C Metathoracic wings
D Both A and B

The correct answer is:
Both A and B

Solution:
Cockroaches are a type of insect belonging to the phylum Arthropoda and these are dioecious.
The first pair of wings arises from mesothorax and the second pair from metathorax. Forewings (mesothoracic) called tegmina are opaque dark and leathery and cover the hind wings when at rest. The hind wings are transparent, membranous and are used in flight.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
In cockroach, identify the parts of the foregut in correct sequence:

Options:
A Mouth → Oesophagus → Pharynx → Crop → Gizzard
B Mouth → Crop → Pharynx → Oesophagus → Gizzard
C Mouth → Gizzard → Crop → Pharynx → Oesophagus
D Mouth → Pharynx → Oesophagus → Crop → Gizzard

The correct answer is:
Mouth → Pharynx → Oesophagus → Crop → Gizzard

Solution:
Foregut or Stomodaeum: It is the first part of the alimentary canal and it contains mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, crop and gizzard. The sequence of the parts are:

Mouth → Pharynx → Oesophagus → Crop → Gizzard

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
In cockroach, the common duct of salivary reservoir opens at the base of the

Options:
A Pharynx
B Maxilla
C Mandible
D Hypopharynx

The correct answer is:
Hypopharynx

Solution:
Hypopharynx is a small, cylindrical mouthpart, present between first maxillae and covered by labrum and labium on dorsal and ventral sides respectively. It bears several sensory setae on its free end and the opening of common salivary duct upon its basal part.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
In cockroaches, the sclerites are joined to each other by

Options:
A a thin and flexible articular membrane.
B the thin and flexible muscles of the tergites.
C the thin and flexible muscles of the sternites.
D the extended membrane of the wings.

The correct answer is:
a thin and flexible articular membrane.

Solution:
The body of the cockroach is segmented and divisible into three distinct regions – head, thorax and abdomen. The entire body is covered by a hard chitinous exoskeleton (brown in colour). In each segment, exoskeleton has hardened plates called sclerites (tergites dorsally and sternites ventrally) that are joined to each other by a thin and flexible articular membrane (arthrodial membrane).

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
In coconut, liquid nuclear endosperm is surrounded by white kernel which is

Options:
A integument/seed coat
B cellular endosperm
C nuclear endosperm
D filamentous mesocarp

The correct answer is:
cellular endosperm

Solution:
In coconut young endosperm is nuclear and on maturity it becomes solid and cellular. PEN undergoes free nuclear division forming liquid endosperm, on maturity cytokinesis occurs forming solid cellular endosperm which is the white kernel, or edible part.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
In cold water, what is the maximum concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) that can be reached?

Options:
A 100 ppm
B 50 ppm
C 10 ppm
D 1,000 ppm

The correct answer is:
10 ppm

Solution:
In cold water, dissolved oxygen (DO) can reach a concentration of up to 10 ppm.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
In collision theory of chemical reaction, ZAB represents

Options:
A the fraction of molecules with energies greater than Ea
B the collision frequency of reactants, A and B
C steric factor
D the fraction of molecules with energies equal to Ea

The correct answer is:
the collision frequency of reactants, A and B

Solution:
Collision frequency is number of collision occurring per unit time per unit volume.

ZAB= Collision frequency

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)