datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Biosphere reserves differ from national parks and wild life sanctuaries because in the former:

Options:
A Human beings are not allowed to enter
B People are an integral part of the system
C Plants are paid greater attention than the animals
D Living organisms are brought from all over the world and preserved for posterity

The correct answer is:
People are an integral part of the system

Solution:
In the biosphere reserve, people are an integral part, but not in the national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Biosphere reserves differ from National Parks and Wildlife sanctuaries because in the former

Options:
A human beings are not allowed to enter.
B people are an integral part of the system.
C plants are paid greater attention than the animals.
D living organisms are brought from all over the world and preserved for posterity.

The correct answer is:
people are an integral part of the system.

Solution:
Biosphere reserves, National Park and wildlife sanctuaries are all protected areas but differ from each other in some ways. National parks are reserved for betterment of wild life. Cultivation, grazing, forestry and habitat manipulations are not allowed. Sanctuaries are tracts of land with or without lake where wild life can take refuge. Harvesting of timber, collection of forest products, tilling of land, private ownership of land etc., are allowed. Biosphere reserves are multipurpose protected area which are meant for preserving genetic diversity in representative ecosystems of various national biomass and unique biological communities by protecting wild life, traditional life style of tribals and domesticated plant/animal genetic resources. Each biosphere reserve has 3 zones - (i) Natural zone - where no human activity is allowed, (ii) Buffer zone - limited human activity is allowed like education, research, (iii) Transition zone - has different parts like agriculture, tourism, and restoration regions.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Biosystematics aims at:

Options:
A the classification of organisms based on broad morphological characters
B delimiting various taxa of organisms and establishing their relationships
C the classification of organisms based on their evolutionary history and establishing their phylogeny, on the totality of various parameters from all fields of studies
D identification and arrangement of organisms on the basis of their cytological characteristics

The correct answer is:
the classification of organisms based on their evolutionary history and establishing their phylogeny, on the totality of various parameters from all fields of studies

Solution:
Biosystematics is the study of biological diversity and its origins. It focuses on understanding evolutionary relationships among organisms, species, higher taxa or other biological entities, such as genes and the evolution of the properties of taxa including intrinsic traits, ecological interactions, and geographic distributions. An important part of systematics is the development of methods for various aspects of phylogenetic inference and biological nomenclature. Whereas morphological characteristics (physical appearance) and cytological characteristics ( size of cell and nucleus) are not used for systematics. Thus, the correct answer is option (3).

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET, NEET 2003
Biosystematics aims at

Options:
A Identification and arrangement of organisms on the basis of their cytological characteristics.
B The classification of organisms based on broad morphological characters.
C Delimiting various taxa of organisms and establishing their relationships.
D The classification of organisms based on their evolutionary history and establishing their phylogeny on the totality of various parameters from all fields of studies.

The correct answer is:
The classification of organisms based on their evolutionary history and establishing their phylogeny on the totality of various parameters from all fields of studies.

Solution:
Biosystematics is the study of biological diversity and its origins. It focuses on understanding evolutionary relationships among organisms, species, higher taxa, or other biological entities, such as genes, and the evolution of the properties of taxa including intrinsic traits, ecological interactions, and geographic distributions.

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
Biotic potential refers to

Options:
A Increase of population under optimum conditions
B Increase of population under given conditions
C Increase of population under natural conditions
D Increase of population under climatic conditions

The correct answer is:
Increase of population under optimum conditions

Solution:
The biotic potential is described by the unrestricted growth of populations resulting in the maximum growth of that population. The biotic potential is the highest possible vital index of a species; therefore, when the species has its highest birthrate and lowest mortality rate.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Bipolar neurons are found in

Options:
A retina and cerebral cortex both
B retina but not in cerebral cortex
C cerebral cortex but not in retina
D neither retina nor cerebral cortex

The correct answer is:
retina but not in cerebral cortex

Solution:
Types of neurons on the basis of number of axon and dendrites:

Types of neurons	Number of Dendrite (D)	Number of Axon (A)	D + A	Found in
1. Unipolar neuron	0	1	1	Embryonic stage
2. Bipolar neuron	1	1	2	Retina
3. Multipolar neuron	2 or more	1	Many	Cerebral cortex

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Bipolar neurons are located in:

Options:
A Retina
B Embryonic stage
C Spinal cord
D Macula of internal ear.

The correct answer is:
Retina

Solution:
Bipolar neurons:
Number of dendrites = 1, Number of axons = 1
Example: Found in Retina.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Biradial symmetry and lack of cnidoblasts are the characteristics of:

Options:
A Hydra and starfish
B starfish and sea anemone
C Ctenoplana and Beroe
D Aurelia and Paramecium

The correct answer is:
Ctenoplana and Beroe

Solution:
Ctenoplana and Beroe lack cnidoblasts and have biradial symmetry. These belong to Phylum Ctenophora. Hydra, sea anemone and Aurelia are coelenterates which have cnidoblasts.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2006
Birds and mammals share one of the following characteristics as a common feature.

Options:
A Pigmented skin
B Pneumatic bones
C Viviparity
D Warm-blooded

The correct answer is:
Warm-blooded

Solution:
Birds and mammals both are Warm-blooded.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Birth canal is formed by

Options:
A uterus along with vagina
B uterus along with cervix
C cervical canal along with vagina
D uterus, cervix and vagina

The correct answer is:
cervical canal along with vagina

Solution:
Female reproductive system consists of pair of ovaries, pair of oviduct, uterus, vagina and vulva. Uterus is also known as womb or hystera. The parts of uterus are fundus, body and cervix. Cervix is between the body of uterus and vagina and this shows two openings internal and external os. Embryo gets implanted in the uterus and develops into foetus within nine months following this parturition takes place. During parturition the foetus passes through cervix and vagina and hence these are together known as the birth canal.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Bithional is generally added to the soaps as an additive to function as a/an:

Options:
A Softener
B Dryer
C Buffering agent
D Antiseptic

The correct answer is:
Antiseptic

Solution:
Bithionol is generally added to the soaps as an additive to function as an antiseptic. It reduces the odour produced by bacterial decomposition of organic matter on the skin. Bithional is an aromatic compound which contains sulphur and is used in soaps. Its IUPAC name is 2,4-dichloro-6-(3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)sulfanylphenol.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Bithional is generally added to the soaps as an additive to function as a/an:

Options:
A Buffering agent
B Softner
C Antiseptic
D Dryer

The correct answer is:
Antiseptic

Solution:
Bithionol (the compound is also called bithional) is added to soaps to impart antiseptic properties

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
Bivalent or Tetrad formation is a characteristic feature observed during :

Options:
A Synaptonemal complex in zygotene stage
B Chiasmata in Diplotene stage
C Synaptonemal complex in Pachytene stage
D Chiasmata in zygotene stage

The correct answer is:
Synaptonemal complex in zygotene stage

Solution:
Bivalent or Tetrad formation is characteristic feature of Zygotene stage of prophase I of Meiosi I, during which 4 chromatids can be observed on a single centromere.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 2)
Bivalves are also called as

Options:
A Ray fish
B Golden fish
C Electric fish
D Shell fish

The correct answer is:
Shell fish

Solution:
Molluscs have a shell-like exoskeleton. So, molluscs are also called as shellfish. Bivalves are shellfish with two shells joined by a hinge, examples include Oysters and Mussels. Other shellfish such as the gastropods (members of the snail family) have only one shell, examples include Limpets and Whelks.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Blastocyst stage can be located in

Options:
A Ampulla
B Isthmus
C Infundibulum
D Uterus

The correct answer is:
Uterus

Solution:
Cleavage is the repeated mitotic division of zygote to form a solid ball of cells called morula which later changes into a hollow ball of cells called a blastula. The blastula gets attached to the uterus and is thus known as implantation.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Blastula lacks

Options:
A Blastomeres
B Blastoderm
C Blastocoel
D Blastopore

The correct answer is:
Blastopore

Solution:
Blastopore occurs in gastrula and open into archentron.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Bleaching powder contains a salt of an oxo acid as one of its components. The anhydride of that oxoacid is

Options:
A ClO2
B Cl2O6
C Cl2O
D Cl2O7

The correct answer is:
Cl2O

Solution:
Bleaching powder is Ca(OCl)Cl that is salt of HOCl
OCl- : salt of HOCl
Anhydride of HOCl is Cl2O
2HOCl→Cl2O+H2O

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Blind sac body plan is found in the members of

Options:
A Platyhelminthes and Aschelminthes
B Molluscs and Echinodermata
C Porfera and Coelenterata
D Coelenterata and Platyhelminthes

The correct answer is:
Coelenterata and Platyhelminthes

Solution:
The digestive system is incomplete with a single opening (blind sac body plan) that acts as anus and mouth. This body plan is observed in Coelenterates and Platyhelminthes.
The digestive system is complete with two openings (tube within tube plan) which behave as anus and mouth separately. This body plan is observed in Aschelminthes to Chordates.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET
Block A is hanging from a vertical spring and is at rest. Block B strikes the block A with velocity v and sticks to it. Then the value of v for which the spring just attains natural length is

Options:
A 60 mg2k
B 6 mg2k
C 10 mg2k
D None of these

The correct answer is:
6 mg2k

Solution:
The initial extension in spring is x0=mgk. Just after the collision of B with A, the speed of combined mass is v2 .
For the spring to just attain natural length the combined mass must rise up by x0=mgk (see figure) and comes to rest.
Applying conservation of energy between the initial and final state 122m v22+12kmgk2=2mg mgk
Solving we get v=6mg2k

Topic: Physics, Oscillations, NEET
Block A is hanging from a vertical spring and is at rest. Block B strikes the block A with velocity v and sticks to it. Then the value of v for which the spring just attains natural length is –

Options:
A 60mg2k
B 6mg2k
C 10mg2k
D None of these

The correct answer is:
6mg2k

Solution:
The initial extention in spring is X 0 = mg k . Just after collision of B with A the speed of combined mass is v 2 . For the spring to just attain natural length the combined mass must rise up by X 0 = mg k and comes to rest.

Applying conservation of energy between initial and final states
1 2 2 m v 2 2 + 1 2 k mg k 2 = 2 mg mg k
solving we get v = 6 mg 2 k

Topic: Physics, Center of Mass Momentum and Collision, NEET
Blocks of magnesium metal are often strapped to the steel hulls of ocean going ships in order to

Options:
A Provide cathodic properties
B Protect oxidation of steel
C Both A and B are correct
D Neither A nor B is correct

The correct answer is:
Both A and B are correct

Solution:
Blocks of magnesium metal are often strapped to the steel hulls of ocean going ships in order to provide cathodic properties and to protect oxidation of steel.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Blood analysis of a patient reveals an unusually high quantity of carboxyhaemoglobin content. Which of the following conclusions is most likely to be correct?

Options:
A The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing usually high content of Carbon disulphide.
B The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing usually high content of Chloroform.
C The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing usually high content of Carbon dioxide.
D The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing usually high content of Carbon monoxide.

The correct answer is:
The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing usually high content of Carbon monoxide.

Solution:
Carbon monoxide forms a stable compound with haemoglobin called carboxyhaemoglobin as affinity of haemoglobin for carbon monoxide is 250 times greater than its affinity for oxygen. In this form, haemoglobin does not carry oxygen resulting in death too.
Hb + CO â Hb CO
Haemoglobin â Carboxyhaemoglobin

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Blood analysis of a patient reveals an unusually high quantity of carboxyhaemoglobin content. Which of the following conclusions is most likely to be correct?
The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing unusually high content of:

Options:
A carbon disulphide
B chloroform
C carbon dioxide
D carbon monoxide.

The correct answer is:
carbon monoxide.

Solution:
Carboxyhaemoglobin $(\mathrm{COHb})$ is a stable complex of carbon monoxide that forms in red blood cells when carbon monoxide is inhaled. $\mathrm{COHb}$ is also useful in monitoring the treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning. Carbaminohaemoglobin is a compound of haemoglobin and carbon dioxide, and is one of the forms in which carbon dioxide exists in the blood.
Related Theory
Acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning has a number of characteristics at autopsy. A high concentration of carboxyhaemoglobin (CO$\mathrm{Hb})$ is detected in the blood. The most striking appearance of the body is the cherry-pink of the right atrium of the heart and act natural cardiac pacemaker from which the heart beat originates. If this system is damaged, it may send non-coordinated impulses to the heart chambers resulting in symptoms like irregular heart rate, tiredness, dizziness and loss of consciousness. As the pacemaker cells create this rhythmical impulse therefore an artificial pacemaker is implanted at the site of SA node to mimic the actions of the node and conducting system and helps to regulate heartbeat.
Related Theory
The electrical impulse travels from the sinus node to the atrioventricular node (AV node). There, impulses are slowed down for $a$ very short period, then continue down the conduction path way via the bundle of His into the ventricles. (Ref. to Fig. 28.3)
colour of post-mortem lividity (skin colour after 12 hrs of death).

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET, NEET 2004
Blood analysis of a patient reveals an unusually high quantity of carboxyhaemoglobin content. Which of the following conclusions is most likely to be correct?

"The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing unusually high content of ___________________."

Options:
A Carbon disulphide
B Chloroform
C Carbon dioxide
D Carbon monoxide

The correct answer is:
Carbon monoxide

Solution:
Carbon monoxide combines more readily with haemoglobin than oxygen. It forms a stable compound, carboxyhaemoglobin, which reduces the amount of free haemoglobin available for carrying oxygen and starves the tissues of oxygen.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Blood cancer is the excess production of leucocytes. It is known as:

Options:
A Haemorrhage
B Haemolysis
C Leukemia
D Thrombosis

The correct answer is:
Leukemia

Solution:
Leukemia is abnormal increase in number of leucocytes which are all immature.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
Blood capillaries are made of

Options:
A Endothelium, connective tissue and muscle fibres
B Endothelium and muscle fibres
C Endothelium and Connective tissue
D Endothelium only

The correct answer is:
Endothelium only

Solution:
The walls of blood capillaries do not possess tunica externa (connective tissue layer containing lymph vessels), tunica media (a thick network of smooth muscle fibers) but only tunica interna (a single layer endothelium of squamous cells).

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Blood cells retain their normal shape in solution which are

Options:
A hypotonic to blood
B isotonic to blood
C hypertonic to blood
D equinormal to blood

The correct answer is:
isotonic to blood

Solution:
Blood cells neither swell nor shrink in isotonic solution.
The solutions having same osmotic pressure are called isotonic solutions.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
Blood cholesterol reducing agent is:

Options:
A statins
B lipase
C protease
D zymase

The correct answer is:
statins

Solution:
A bioactive molecule like statins produced by the yeast Monascus purpureus has been commercialized as blood-cholesterol lowering agents. It acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cholesterol. These inhibit the beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl or HMG Co-A reductase.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET
Blood groups are identified by the presence of various surface glycoproteins that are referred to as antigens present on the surface of RBC. The cell organelle that would have involved in glycosylation of protein is

Options:
A Ribosome
B Peroxisome
C Golgi bodies
D Mitochondria

The correct answer is:
Golgi bodies

Solution:
Glycosylation is the process or result of the addition of saccharides to proteins and lipids. The process is one of four principal co-translational and post-translational modification steps in the synthesis of the membrane and secreted proteins and the majority of proteins synthesized in the rough ER undergo glycosylation. It is an enzyme-directed site-specific process, as opposed to the non-enzymatic chemical reaction of glycation.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Blood is considered as ___.

Options:
A Connective tissue
B Adipose tissue
C Areolar tissue
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Connective tissue

Solution:
Blood is considered as connective tissue.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Blood is flowing at the rate of 100cm3/s in a capillary of cross-sectional area 0.25 m2. The velocity of flow is -

Options:
A 0.1 mm/s
B 0.2Â mm/s
C 0.3Â mm/s
D 0.4Â mm/s

The correct answer is:
0.4 mm/s

Solution:
Q = Aν⇒v=QA = 100×10–60.25
ν = 400 ×10–3mms=0.4 mm/s

Topic: Physics, Motion In One Dimension, NEET
Blood is flowing at the rate of 100 cm3 s-1 in a capillary of cross-sectional area 0.25 m2. The velocity of flow is

Options:
A 1 mm s-1
B 0.2 mm s-1
C 0.3 mm s-1
D 0.4 mm s-1

The correct answer is:
0.4 mm s-1

Solution:
For the blood flow in a capillary,

Volumetric flow rate = velocity × area of cross-section

Q=Av

v=QA=100×10–60.25

v=400 ×10–3 mm s-1=0.4 mm s-1

Topic: Physics, Mechanical Properties of Fluids, NEET
Blood pressure in the mammalian aorta is maximum during

Options:
A systole of the left atrium
B diastole of the right ventricle
C systole of the left ventricle
D diastole of the right atrium

The correct answer is:
systole of the left ventricle

Solution:
Left ventricle drives blood into the aorta during the ventricular systole. Aorta receives blood directly from ventricles and supplies blood to all the body parts. The greater the stroke volume, the greater the change in the aortic pressure. Hence, blood pressure in aorta will be maximum when left ventricle pumps the blood into the aorta.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 1)
Blood pressure in the pulmonary artery is:

Options:
A Same as that in the aorta
B More than that in the carotid
C More than that in the pulmonary vein
D Less than that in the venae cavae

The correct answer is:
More than that in the pulmonary vein

Solution:
Blood pressure in different blood vessels:
Artery > Arteriole > Capillary > Venule > Vein (Vena cavae).

The pressure in arteries is more than that of pressure in veins as arteries receives blood directly from ventricles during ventricular systole. The wall of the arteries are thick and muscular. The flow of blood in arteries is fast as the blood in them is under great pressure.

The pressure in pulmonary aorta is more than that in the pulmonary vein as it receives blood directly from right ventricle during ventricular systole.

The pressure in pulmonary aorta is not same that of systemic aorta as pulmonary aorta supplies blood to lungs and systemic aorta supplies blood to the all the body parts.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
Blue colour of alkali and alkaline earth metals in liquid NH3 is due to

Options:
A ammoniated complex cation
B ammoniated e-
C d-d transition
D both (A) & (B)

The correct answer is:
ammoniated e-

Solution:
MâM++e-
M + +yNH 3 â [M ( NH 3 ) y ] +
e â + x NH 3 â e NH 3 x â â Ammoniated e â
blue coloured.

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
Blue green algae are__________ and members of Kingdom ___________

Options:
A Photoheterotrophs, Protista
B Photoautotrophs, Monera
C Chemoautotrophs, Monera
D Chemoheterotrophs, Protista

The correct answer is:
Photoautotrophs, Monera

Solution:
Cyanobacteria also are known as Blue-Green algae are the photosynthetic organisms with chlorophyll 'a' similar to higher plants. Unlike other bacteria, they carry out oxygenic photosynthesis as they are capable of utilizing water as a source of hydrogen in photosynthesis. They are placed in kingdom monera due to their prokaryotic nature.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
BOD is

Options:
A Directly proportional to the amount of organic waste.
B Directly proportional to the amount of DO.
C Inversely proportional to the amount of DO.
D Both (A) and (C)

The correct answer is:
Both (A) and (C)

Solution:
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is the amount of oxygen required to destroy the organic waste by the bacteria. The more oxygen required for bacteria that means there is more organic waste. For pure drinking water it is decided less than 1 ppm and for industrial & municipal waste it is less than 10 ppm. More the amount of BOD of water lesser will be its DO.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
BOD of waste water is estimated by measuring the amount of

Options:
A Total organic matter
B Biodegradable organic matter
C Oxygen evolution
D Oxygen consumption

The correct answer is:
Oxygen consumption

Solution:
BOD of waste water is estimated by measuring the amount of oxygen consumption.

Topic: Biology, Microbes in Human Welfare, NEET