datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
The pitch of an error free screw gauge is 1 mm and there are 100 divisions on the circular scale. While measuring the diameter of a thick wire, the pitch scale reads 1 mm and $63^{\text {rd }}$ division on the circular scale coincides with the reference line. The diameter of the wire is:

Options:
A 1.63 cm
B 0.163 cm
C 0.163 m
D 1.63 m

The correct answer is:
0.163 cm

Solution:
Least count of screw gauge $=\frac{\text { Pitch }}{\text { No. of divisions on circular scale }}$
$\Rightarrow \quad$ Least count $=\frac{1}{100}=0.01 \mathrm{~mm}$
Final reading $=$ MSR $+\mathrm{CSR} \times$ L.C.
$=1 \mathrm{~mm}+(63)(0.01) \mathrm{mm}$
$=1.63 \mathrm{~mm}$
$=0.163 \mathrm{~cm}$

Topic: Physics, Experimental Physics, NEET, NEET 2024 (Re-NEET)
The pituitary gland is located in a bony cavity called ______P______ and is attached to hypothalamus by a stalk known as ______Q_____. It is divided anatomically into an adenohypophysis and a neurohypophysis. Adenohypophysis consists of two portions,_______R________and _______S_______. The _____R______ region of pituitary, produces ______T_______, prolactin (PRL), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone (LH) and _____U______.

Options:
A

P	Q	R	S	T	U
Ethmoidal cavity	isthmus	pars tuberalis	pars intermedia	GH-RH	estrogen

B

P	Q	R	S	T	U
Ethmoidal cavity	infundibulum	pars tuberalis	pars intermedia	GH	estrogen

C

P	Q	R	S	T	U

Sella tursica	isthmus	pars distalis	pars tuberalis	GH-RH	follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

D

P	Q	R	S	T	U

Sella tursica	infundibulum	pars distalis	pars intermedia	GH	follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

The correct answer is:

P	Q	R	S	T	U

Sella tursica	infundibulum	pars distalis	pars intermedia	GH	follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Solution:
I. Adenohypophysis - It is divisible into
A. Pars distalis (anterior pituitary) - Growth hormone (GH), Prolactin (PRL), Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
B. Pars intermedia - Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH).
II. Neurohypophysis (Pars nervosa or Posterior pituitary) - Oxytocin and Vasopressin (or ADH).
- These hormones are actually synthesized by the hypothalamus and are transported to neurohypophysis via hypothalamic neurons.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
The pivot joint between atlas and axis is a type of

Options:
A Fibrous joint
B C artilaginous joint
C Synovial joint
D Saddle joint

The correct answer is:
Synovial joint

Solution:
Synovial joints are freely movable joint which allows considerable movements. The pivot joint is a type of synovial joint which provides rotational movement as in between atlas and axis vertebrae of a vertebral column.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET, NEET 2017
The pivotal and gliding joint is present between the

Options:
A

Pivotal joint	Gliding joint

Atlas and axis	Between the carpals

B

Pivotal joint	Gliding joint

Atlas and axis	Carpal and metacarpal

C

Pivotal joint	Gliding joint

Carpal and metacarpal	Atlas and axis

D

Pivotal joint	Gliding joint

Tarsals and metatarsals	Atlas and axis

The correct answer is:

Pivotal joint	Gliding joint

Atlas and axis	Between the carpals

Solution:
The joints between the bones help in locomotion and many other movements. Ball and socket joint (between the humerus and pectoral girdle), hinge joint (knee joint), pivot joint (between atlas and axis), gliding joint (between the carpals) and saddle joint (between carpal and metacarpal of thumb) are some examples.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
The pKb of dimethylamine and pKa of acetic acid are 3.27and 4.77 respectively at T(K). The correct option for the pH of dimethylammonium acetate solution is:

Options:
A 8.50
B 5.50
C 7.75
D 6.25

The correct answer is:
7.75

Solution:
pkb of dimethylamine =3.27
pka of acetic acid =4.77

Dimethylammonium acetate is salt of weak acid and weak base for which pH is:

pH=7+12pka-12pKb

=7+12×4.77-12×3.27

=7.75

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET, NEET 2021
The pKa of acetic acid and pKb of ammonium hydroxide are 4.76 and 4.75 respectively. Calculate the pH of ammonium acetate solution.

Options:
A pH = 7.001
B pH = 7.005
C pH = 7.023
D pH = 7.034

The correct answer is:
pH = 7.005

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
pH = 7.005

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
'The placenta forms a ridge along the ventral suture of the ovary and the ovules are borne on this ridge forming two rows'. This statement explains

Options:
A the parietal placentation
B the basal placentation
C the marginal placentation
D the axial placentation

The correct answer is:
the marginal placentation

Solution:
The arrangement of ovules within the ovary is known as placentation. The placentation is of different types namely, marginal, axile, parietal, basal, central, and free central. In marginal placentation, the placenta forms a ridge along the ventral suture of the ovary and the ovules are borne on this ridge forming two rows.
Example: pea family.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The placenta is attached to the developing seed near the

Options:
A Testa
B Hilum
C Micropyle
D Chalaza

The correct answer is:
Hilum

Solution:
The placenta is attached to the developing seed near the hilum.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The placental mammal which is similar to Australian marsupial spotted cuscus is

Options:
A Lemur
B Bobcat
C Numbat
D Wolf

The correct answer is:
Lemur

Solution:
In Australia, the placental mammals have evolved into varieties that appear similar to a corresponding marsupial. Examples of placental mammals and their corresponding marsupials are lemur: spotted cuscus, mole: marsupial mole, anteate: numbat, mouse: marsupial mouse, flying squirrel: flying phalanger, bobcat: Tasmanian tiger cat and wolf: Tasmanian wolf

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
The placentation in carnation flower is correctly displayed by which one of the below diagrams?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
The arrangement of ovules within the ovary is known as placentation. The placentation are of different types namely, marginal, axile, parietal, basal, central and free central.
When the placenta is axial and the ovules are attached to it in a multilocular ovary, the placentaion is said to be axile (Figure A), as in china rose, tomato and lemon.
When the ovules are borne on central axis and septa are absent, as in Dianthus (carnation) and Primrose the placentation is called free central. (Figure B)
In marginal placentation (Figure C) the placenta forms a ridge along the ventral suture of the ovary and the ovules are borne on this ridge forming two rows, as in pea.
In parietal placentation (Figure D), the ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part. Ovary is one-chambered but it becomes two chambered due to the formation of the false septum, e.g., mustard and Argemone.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The placentation in tomato and lemon is

Options:
A Parietal
B Free central
C Marginal
D Axile

The correct answer is:
Axile

Solution:
Placentation is the arrangement of ovules within the ovary. It is of different types namely, marginal (pea), parietal (mustard, Argemone), axile (china rose, tomato, lemon) and free central (Dianthus, Primrose) .

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The plane faces of two identical plano-convex lenses, each with focal length f are pressed against each other using an optical glue to form a usual convex lens. The distance from the optical centre at which an object must be placed to obtain the image same as the size of the object is

Options:
A f4
B f2
C f
D 2 f

The correct answer is:
f

Solution:
Two plano-convex lens of focal length f, when combined will give rise to a convex lens of focal length f/2 .
The image will be of same size if object is placed at 2f i.e. at a distance f from optical centre.

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
The plane surface of a plano-convex lens of focal length F is silvered. It will behave as

Options:
A plane mirror
B convex mirror of focal length 2F
C concave mirror of focal length F2
D none of these

The correct answer is:
concave mirror of focal length F2

Solution:
Focal length of plano convex lens f2=f
Focal length of plane surface mirror fm
Equivalent power of the system
P2f21fmeq
P2f1∞eq
P1feq2feq

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET
The plant body is thalloid in:

Options:
A Sphagnum
B Salvinia
C Marchantia
D Funaria

The correct answer is:
Marchantia

Solution:
Marchantia is a bryophyte, also called liverworts, having a dorsoventrally flattened thallus body. Sphagnum and Funaria are mosses (bryophytes), where plant body is leafy. Salvinia is a pteridophyte. It has a sporophyte plant body with true leaves, stem and root.
Related Theory
Bryophytes are non-vascular plants including mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. They are characterized by the absence of true roots, stems and leaves and rhizoids perform the function of roots, essentially anchoring the plants into the surface.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
The plant cell lacks

Options:
A centrioles
B asters
C spindle fibres
D all the three

The correct answer is:
all the three

Solution:
The plant cell is a eukaryotic composed of the cell wall, which is a rigid layer made of cellulose, pectin, and glycoproteins. It also has a semi-permeable cell membrane, nucleus, plastids, a central vacuole, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, mitochondria, cytoplasm, chloroplast, etc. These cells lack centrioles and asters which are composed of the protein tubulin that is found in animal cells. The spindle formation is also not observed in plants, as they lack centrioles.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
The plant depicted in the following diagram which reproduces asexually through leaves is

Options:
A agave
B water hyacinth
C bryophyllum
D ginger

The correct answer is:
bryophyllum

Solution:
Agave reproduces asexually through bulbils. Water hyacinth reproduces asexually through offsets. Ginger reproduces asexually through underground stem rhizome. Bryophyllum reproduces asexually through adventitious buds that emerge from the notches present at margins of their leaves.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
The plant group that produces spores and embryo but lacks vascular tissues and seeds is

Options:
A Pteridophyta
B Rhodophyta
C Bryophyta
D Phaeophyta

The correct answer is:
Bryophyta

Solution:
Bryophytes are the plants which produce spores and embryo but no vascular tissues are present, although the primitive type of conducting tissues are present in the form of hadrome and leptome.
â¢ Rhodophytes & phaeophytes are algae produces spores, no embryo & vascular tissue.
â¢ Pteridophytes have spores, embryo and true vascular tissues.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
The plant hormone used to destroy weeds in a field is:

Options:
A IAA
B NAA
C 2, 4-D
D IBA

The correct answer is:
2, 4-D

Solution:
2,4-D or 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is one of the synthetic auxins. This chemical is used to eliminate the monocotyledonous plants and as weedicides.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET, NEET 2021
The plant parts which consist of two generations one within the other:

(a) Pollen grains inside the anther
(b) Germinated pollen grain with two male gametes
(c) Seed inside the fruit
(d) Embryo sac inside the ovule

Options:
A (a), (b) and (c)
B (c) and (d)
C (a) and (d)
D (a) only

The correct answer is:
(a) and (d)

Solution:
A typical anther is bilobed. The two anther lobes are separated by a deep groove in front and are attached by a band of sterile vasculature tissue called connective. Each anther is a four sided tetragonal structure consisting of four microsporangia located at corners, two in each lobe. Hence, a mature anther is tetrasporangiate. Microsporangia form pollen sacs which on maturity become filled with pollen grains.

Embryo sac: It is also called as the female gametophyte and is located in the nucellus. An ovule generally has a single embryo sac formed from a megaspore.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 1)
The plant rose is placed under two taxa Rosales and Rosaceae. Which of the following is correct about these?

Options:
A Rosales is order and Rosaceae is family
B Rosales is family and Rosaceae is order
C Rosales is tribe and Rosaceae is family
D Rosales is family and Rosaceae is tribe

The correct answer is:
Rosales is order and Rosaceae is family

Solution:
While naming the taxa in plant classification, certain suffices are used as follows:
Division: '-phyta', Subdivision: '-phytina', Class: '-opsida', '-phyceae' or '-ae', Order: '-ales', Sub-order: '-ineae', Family: 'aceae', Sub Family: '-oideae', Tribe: '-eae', Sub tribe: '-inae'

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
The plant which have this floral diagram possesses

A. Papilionaceous corolla
B. Swollen placenta
C. Epipetalous condition
D. Epiphyllous condition

Options:
A A, B, C, D
B A, B
C B, C
D C, D

The correct answer is:
B, C

Solution:
The floral digram is of Solanaceae family. The floral characters of the members of this family are:
Inflorescence: Solitary, axillary or cymose as in Solanum
Flower: Bisexual, actinomorphic
Calyx: Sepals five, united, persistent, valvate aestivation
Corolla: Petals five, united; valvate aestivation
Androecium: Stamens five, epipetalous
Gynoecium: Bicarpellary obligately placed, syncarpous; ovary superior, bilocular, placenta swollen with many ovules, axile
Fruits: Berry or capsule
Seeds: Many, endospermous

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
The plants for which flowering is either quantitatively or qualitatively dependent on exposure to low temperature. This phenomenon is termed as

Options:
A Vernalization
B Photoperiodism
C Thermoregulation
D Psychrophilic

The correct answer is:
Vernalization

Solution:
There are plants for which flowering is either quantitatively or qualitatively dependent on exposure to low temperature. This phenomenon is termed vernalisation. It prevents precocious reproductive development late in the growing season, and enables the plant to have sufficient time to reach maturity. Vernalisation refers specially to the promotion of flowering by a period of low temperature. It is also called Yarovisation.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
The plants growing in dark, show yellowing in leaves and elongated internodes, this condition is called as

Options:
A Etiolation
B Chlorosis
C Dechlorosis
D Dark effect

The correct answer is:
Etiolation

Solution:
Plants grown in partial or complete absence of light is the process termed etiolation. This process develops long, weak stems, smaller, sparser leaves due to longer internodes. The leaves show yellowing due to chlorosis (due to insufficient production of chlorophyll). The growing tips of the plant are generally found to be attracted to light and will elongate towards it.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
The plants that grow on saline soils with a high concentration of NaCl2, MgSO4, and MgCl2 are called

Options:
A Mesophytes
B Xerophytes
C Ephemerals
D Halophytes

The correct answer is:
Halophytes

Solution:
Halophytes are the plants growing in and tolerating very salty soil typical offshores of tidal river estuaries, salt marshes, or alkali desert flats. Generally, these soils (saline) have a very high concentration of salts like NaCl2, MgSO4, and MgCl2.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
The plasma membrane was discovered by whom and in which year?

Options:
A M. Schleiden, 1839
B T. Schwann, 1839
C Robert Hook, 1838
D Robert brown, 1839

The correct answer is:
T. Schwann, 1839

Solution:
Schwaan, 1839, a British zoologist studied different type of animal cell and reported that cells had a thin outer layer which is today known as the plasma membrane.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
The plasma resembles in its composition to the filtrate produced by the glomerulus except for the presence of

Options:
A Glucose
B Chloride
C Amino acids
D Proteins

The correct answer is:
Proteins

Solution:
Due to large size, protein can't be filtered through the filtration slits. So they are absent in glomerular filtrate.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
The plasmid pUC derives its name from

Options:
A the researchers who discovered it.
B the source it was discovered from.
C the place it was discovered at.
D the role it was discovered for.

The correct answer is:
the place it was discovered at.

Solution:
pUC is a group of plasmid cloning vectors utilized profusely in the recombinant DNA technology. It is also used as a model plasmid for research studies. The name 'pUC' is derived from the 'p' as the general prefix for plasmid and 'UC' represents the University of California, where the plasmid was discovered and work was done on it.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
The pleiotropic character represents that quality of gene in which it can

Options:
A be dominant over recessive genes
B be capable of representing more than one form
C regulate more than one phenotypic characters
D regulate only one phenotypic character

The correct answer is:
regulate more than one phenotypic characters

Solution:
A gene which can regulate and express multiple phenotypic characters is called a pleiotropic gene. The underlying mechanism of pleiotropy in most cases is the effect of a gene on metabolic pathways which contribute towards different phenotypes. An example of this is the disease phenylketonuria, which occurs in humans.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
The plot of osmotic pressure $(\Pi)$ vs concentration ( $\mathrm{mol} \mathrm{L}^{-1}$ ) for a solution gives a straight line with slope 25.73 $\mathrm{L}^{\text {bar mol-1}}$. The temperature at which the osmotic pressure measurement is done is

Options:
A $310^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
B $25.73^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
C $12.05^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
D $37^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$

The correct answer is:
$37^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$

Solution:
$\Pi=\text { CRT }$
Slope $=$ RT
$\begin{aligned}
& 25.73=0.083 \times \mathrm{T} \\
& \mathrm{T}=\frac{25.73}{0.083}=309.47 \approx 310 \mathrm{~K}
\end{aligned}$
$\therefore$ Temperature in ${ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}=310-273$
$=37^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET, NEET 2024
The plots of intensity versus wavelength, for three black bodies at temperatures T1, T2 and T3, respectively, are as shown. Their temperatures are such that

Options:
A T 1 > T 2 > T 3
B T 1 > T 3 > T 2
C T 2 > T 3 > T 1
D T 3 > T 2 > T 1

The correct answer is:
T 1 > T 3 > T 2

Solution:
Wien's displacement law for a perfectly black body is
λmT=constant=Wien's constant b
Here, λ m is the wavelength corresponding to maximum intensity I
or, λ m ∝ 1 T
From the figure, ( λ m ) 1 < λ m 3 < λ m 2
Therefore, T 1 > T 3 > T 2

Topic: Physics, Thermal Properties of Matter, NEET
The Pneumococcus experiment of Griffith proves that

Options:
A DNA is the transforming principle
B Bacteria undergo binary fission
C Bacteria do not reproduce sexually
D RNA sometime controls the production of DNA and proteins

The correct answer is:
DNA is the transforming principle

Solution:
Griffith's experiment with Pneumococcus proves that DNA is the transforming principle. Griffith performed the experiment in mice by using two strians of Pneumococcus pneumonia, the rough (R) and the smooth (S) strian. The S strain bacteria have a mucous (polysaccharide) coat, while R strain does not.
Mice infected with the S strain (virulent) die from pneumonia infection but mice infected with the R strain do not develop pneumonia. Griffith was able to kill bacteria by heating them. He observed that heat-killed S strain bacteria injected into mice did not kill them. When he injected a mixture of heat-killed S and live R bacteria, the mice died. Moreover, he recovered living S bacteria from the dead mice. He concluded that the R strain bacteria had somehow been transformed by the heat-killed S strain bacteria. Some âtransforming principleâ, transferred from the heat-killed S strain, had enabled the R strain to synthesise a smooth polysaccharide coat and become virulent.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
The point where the optic nerve enters the retina of the eyeball is called

Options:
A Blind spot
B Fovea
C Aqueous chamber
D Vitreous chamber

The correct answer is:
Blind spot

Solution:
Everyone has a spot in their retina where the optic nerve connects. In this area there are no light-sensitive cells so this part of your retina can't see. This is the blind spot.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
The point where the optic nerve leaves the eye and the retinal blood vessels enter is referred to as

Options:
A Blind spot
B Fovea
C Aqueous chamber
D Vitreous chamber

The correct answer is:
Blind spot

Solution:
Everyone has a spot in their retina where the optic nerve connects. In this area there are no light-sensitive cells so this part of your retina can't see. This is the blind spot.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
The polar nuclei are present in

Options:
A the egg.
B the synergid.
C the antipodal.
D the central cell.

The correct answer is:
the central cell.

Solution:
There is a characteristic distribution of the cells within the embryo sac. Three cells are grouped together at the micropylar end and constitute the egg apparatus. The egg apparatus, in turn, consists of two synergids and one egg cell. The synergids have special cellular thickenings at the micropylar tip called filiform apparatus, which play an important role in guiding the pollen tubes into the synergid. Three cells are at the chalazal end and are called the antipodals. The large central cell, as mentioned earlier, has two polar nuclei. Thus, a typical angiosperm embryo sac, at maturity, though 8-nucleate is 7-celled.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
The polarity of the covalent bond among the following is maximum in

Options:
A F – F
B O – F
C N – F
D C – F

The correct answer is:
C – F

Solution:
In a pauling scale the Electronegativities of F = 4 , C = 2.5, O = 3.5, N = 3.
since the electronegativity difference between C and F is maximum so, the C – F bond would have maximum polarity.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
The polarity of the DNA strands from a to b and from c to d shown during replicating shown in the figure below would be:

Options:
A a - b → 3 ′ - 5 ′
c - d → 5 ′ - 3 ′
B a - b → 3 ′ - 5 ′
c - d → 3 ′ - 5 ′
C a - b → 5 ′ - 3 ′
c - d → 3 ′ - 5 ′
D c - d → 5 ′ - 3 ′
c - d → 5 ′ - 3 ′

The correct answer is:
a - b → 3 ′ - 5 ′
c - d → 5 ′ - 3 ′

Solution:
DNA polymerases required for the DNA replication can catalyse polymerization in only one direction that is 5′ to 3′. Thus, on one strand (the template with polarity 3′ to 5′), the replication is continuous, while on the other (the template with polarity 5′ to 3′), it is discontinuous.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
The pollen grain viability is highly variable. Select the least viable pollen grain from the following list of choices.

Options:
A peas
B rose
C potatoes
D rice

The correct answer is:
rice

Solution:
Pollen represents male gametophytic stage. Rice pollen grain viability is upto 3 minutes while in Leguminosae, Rosacea and Solanaceae it is upto months.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
The pollen tube enters the ovule through

Options:
A antipodal cells
B micropyle
C degenerating synergids
D all of these

The correct answer is:
micropyle

Solution:
The pollen tube grows through the tissues of the stigma and style and reaches the ovary. In plants, pollen tubes carry the two male gametes. Pollen tube, after reaching the ovary, enters the ovule through the micropyle and then enters one of the synergids through the filiform apparatus. Many recent studies have shown that filiform apparatus present at the micropylar part of the synergids guides the entry of pollen tube.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET