datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
In which one of the following options the two examples are correctly matched with its particular type of immunity?

Options:
A

Examples	Type of immunity

Polymorpho nuclear leukocytes and monocytes	Cellular barriers

B

Examples	Type of immunity

Anti-tetanus and anti-snake bite injections	Active immunity

C

Examples	Type of immunity
Saliva in mouth and tears in eyes	Physical barriers

D

Examples	Type of immunity

Mucus coating of the epithelium lining the urinogenital tract and the HCl in stomach	Physiological barriers

The correct answer is:

Examples	Type of immunity

Polymorpho nuclear leukocytes and monocytes	Cellular barriers

Solution:
Immunity can be classified as innate and acquired. Innate immunity is present since birth and consists of many barriers. These include physical, physiological and cellular barriers. Physical barriers include skin and epithelium. Physiological barriers are chemical barriers and incude saliva, HCl, and tears. Cellular barriers include interleukin, interferons, white blood cells, macrophages, natural killer cells etc. Kupffer cells are macrophages of liver and polymorphonuclear cells are WBC and both are included in cellular barriers. Anti-tetanus and anti-snake bite injections are examples of passive immunity as readymade antibodies are injected.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
In which one of the following options the two examples are correctly matched with their particular type of immunity?

Options:
A (a)
B (b)
C (c)
D (d)

The correct answer is:
(a)

Solution:
Phagocytosis is an important feature of cellular innate immunity, performed by cells called phagocytes that engulf or eat pathogens or foreign particles. Common examples of these phagocytes are monocytes, macrophages, neutrophil granulocytes (often referred to as polymorphonuclear leukocytes or PMN or PML, because of the varying shapes of nucleus), tissue dendritic cells, mast cells etc. Antitetanus and anti snake bite injections are examples of passive immunity.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2012 (Screening)
In which one of the following pairs is the specific characteristic of a soil not correctly matched?

Options:
A Laterite $\quad$ - contains aluminium compound
B Terra rosa - most suitable for roses
C Chernozems - richest soil in the world
D black soil - rich in calcium carbonate.

The correct answer is:
Terra rosa - most suitable for roses

Solution:
Terra rossa: It is a red-coloured soil type that is found in the Mediterranean region. It is made up of clay and limestone and is suitable for growing grapes and olives. However, it is not the most suitable soil type for roses.

Topic: Biology, Mineral Nutrition, NEET, NEET 2004
In which one of the following pollinations is autogamous?

Options:
A Geitonogamy
B Xenogamy
C Anemophily
D Cleistogamy

The correct answer is:
Cleistogamy

Solution:
Cleistogamy is autogamous pollination. When pollination and fertilization occur in unopened flower bud, it is known as cleistogamy. It ensures self-pollination and prevents cross-pollination.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
In which one of the following processes CO2 is not released?

Options:
A Aerobic respiration in plants
B Aerobic respiration in animals
C Alcoholic fermentation
D Lactate fermentation

The correct answer is:
Lactate fermentation

Solution:
In lactate fermentation (Lactic acid Fermentation) neither CO2 releases nor NADH.H+ forms. In this fermenatation NADH.H+ coenzymes are utilized and cause reduction of pyruvic acid into lactic acid.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET, NEET 2014
In which one of the following reactions, oxidative decarboxylation does not occur?

Options:
A Malic acid → Pyruvic acid
B Pyruvic acid → Acetyl Co-A
C Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → 1, 3-bisphosphoglyceric acid
D α-ketoglutaric acid → Succinyl Co-A

The correct answer is:
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → 1, 3-bisphosphoglyceric acid

Solution:
Oxidative decarboxylation reactions are oxidation reactions in which a carboxylate group is removed, forming carbon dioxide. In this reaction, Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate â 1, 3-bisphosphoglyceric acid phosphorylation occurs, and oxidative decarboxylation does not occur.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
In which one of the following sets of three items each belong to the category mentioned against them?

Options:
A Lysine, glycine, thiamine – Amino acids
B Myosin, oxytocin and gastric – Hormones
C Rennin, helicase and hyaluronidase – Enzymes
D Optic nerve, oculomotor, vagus – Sensory nerves

The correct answer is:
Rennin, helicase and hyaluronidase – Enzymes

Solution:
Rennin, helicase and hyaluronidase, all are enzymes.
thiamine is not an amino acd
myosin not a hormone
oculomotor is motor and vagus is an mixed nerve.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
In which one of the following species the central atom has the type of hybridisation which is not the same as that present in the other three?

Options:
A $\mathrm{SF}_4$
B $\mathrm{I}_3^{-}$
C $\mathrm{SbCl}_5^{2-}$
D $\mathrm{PCl}_5$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{SbCl}_5^{2-}$

Solution:
Key Idea:- Molecules having the same number of hybrid orbitals, have same hybridisation and number of hybrid orbitals,
$\mathrm{H}=\frac{1}{2}[\mathrm{~V}+\mathrm{X}-\mathrm{C}+\mathrm{A}]$
where, $\mathrm{V}=$ no. of valence electrons of central atom
$\begin{aligned}
& \mathrm{X}=\text { no. of monovalent atoms } \\
& \mathrm{C}=\text { charge on cation } \\
& \mathrm{A}=\text { Charge on anion. }
\end{aligned}$
(a) In $\mathrm{SF}_4$
$\mathrm{H}=\frac{1}{2}[6+4-0+0)=5$
(b) $\operatorname{In~I}_3^{-}$
$\mathrm{H}=\frac{1}{2}[7+2+1]=5$
(c) In $\mathrm{SbCl}_5^{2-}$,
$\mathrm{H}=\frac{1}{2}[5+5+2)=6$
(d) In $\mathrm{PCl}_5$,
$H=\frac{1}{2}[5+5+0-0]=5$
Since, only $\mathrm{SbCl}_5^{2-}$ has different number of hybrid orbitals (ie, 6) from the other given species, its hybridisation is different from the others, ie, $s p^3 d^2$. (The hybridisation of other species is $\operatorname{sp}^3 \mathrm{~d}$).

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET, NEET 2010 (Screening)
In which one of the following techniques blastomeres up to 8 cell stage is introduced into the fallopian tube?

Options:
A Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
B Intra uterine insemination (IUI)
C Gamete intra fallopian transfer (GIFT)
D Zygote intra fallopian transfer (ZIFT)

The correct answer is:
Zygote intra fallopian transfer (ZIFT)

Solution:
In this technique fusion of ovum and sperm is done outside the body of a woman to form a zygote which is allowed to divide forming 8 blastomeres, then it is transferred into the fallopian tube of the woman.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
In which one of the following the birth rate is high & death rate is normal

Options:
A India and Morocco
B America and Spain
C Sweden
D Indonesia

The correct answer is:
India and Morocco

Solution:
India and Morocco are the two countries where the birth rate is high and the death rate is normal.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
In which one of the following the BOD (biochemical Oxygen Demand) of sewage (S), distillery effluent (DE), paper mill effluent $(\mathrm{PE})$ and sugar mill effluent (SE) have been arranged in ascending order?

Options:
A SE $ < $ PE $ < $ S $ < $ DE
B PE $ < $ S $ < $ SE $ < $ DE
C S $ < $ DE $ < $ PE $ < $ SE
D $\mathrm{SE} < \mathrm{S} < \mathrm{PE} < \mathrm{DE}$

The correct answer is:
S $ < $ DE $ < $ PE $ < $ SE

Solution:
BOD depends on the organic matter present in the effluent. More value of BOD means the water sample is polluted by organic matter. The ascending order of $\mathrm{BOD}$ in the given effluents is as follows:
Sugar mill effluent $>$ Paper mill effluent > Distillery effluent $>$ Sewage

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET, NEET 2007
In which one of the following the genus name, its two characters and its class/phylum are correctly matched?

Options:
A (a)
B (b)
C (c)
D (d)

The correct answer is:
(a)

Solution:
Salamandra (salamander) is a member of class-amphibia. A tympanum represents the ear.

Topic: Biology, Animal Kingdom, NEET, NEET 2011 (Screening)
In which one of the following ways would the pH value of aqueous ammonia be effected by dissolving solid ammonium chloride in it?

Options:
A Decreases
B Increases
C No effect
D Impossible to predict

The correct answer is:
Decreases

Solution:
pH of aqueous NH3 decreases by dissolving solid NH4Cl due to the common (NH4+) ion effect.

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, NEET
In which one pair both the plants can be vegetatively propagated by leaf species?

Options:
A Agave and Kalanchoe
B Bryophyllum and Kalanchoe
C Asparagus and Bryophyllum
D Chrysanthemum and Agave.

The correct answer is:
Bryophyllum and Kalanchoe

Solution:
Bryophyllum and Kalanchoe show vegetative propagation. Where new small buds arise from the margin of the leaves and grow to a new plant when falling on the ground. Agave reproduce by aerial bulbils vegetatively. Asparagus cannot be vegetatively propagated. In Chrysanthemum, vegetative propogation occurs by root suckers or terminal cutting.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET, NEET 2005
In which one pair both the plants can be vegetatively propagated by leaf?

Options:
A Bryophyllum and Kalanchoe
B Chrysanthemum and Agave
C Agave and Kalanchoe
D Asparagus and Bryophyllum

The correct answer is:
Bryophyllum and Kalanchoe

Solution:
Vegetative propagules are the plant parts or organs that are involved in the process of reproduction even though their primary function is not it. The reproductive process is called as vegetative propagation as the non-reproductive parts/organs (leaf/stem/roots) are involved.
Bryophyllum is a plant group coming under the family Crassulaceae. These plants propagate by formation of buds on the edges of the leaf called leaf bud. These buds fall off and root wherever they land. Kalanchoe also shows vegetative propagation by leaf.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
In which organelle does proton accumulation occur during respiration?

Options:
A Chloroplasts
B Thylakoids
C Mitochondria
D Grana

The correct answer is:
Mitochondria

Solution:
In respiration, protons accumulate in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria when electrons move through the electron transport chain (ETS).

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
In which organism does mitosis not lead to the formation of syncytium?

Options:
A Lower plants
B Social insects
C Coconut
D Higher plants

The correct answer is:
Coconut

Solution:
In some organisms, karyokinesis is not followed by cytokinesis as a result of which multinucleate condition arises leading to the formation of syncytium (e.g., liquid endosperm in coconut).

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
In which organisms are structural genes mostly polycistronic?

Options:
A Bacteria and prokaryotes
B Eukaryotes
C mRNA
D tRNA

The correct answer is:
Bacteria and prokaryotes

Solution:
Structural genes are mostly polycistronic in bacteria and prokaryotes, whereas in eukaryotes, structural genes are mostly monocistronic.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
In which organisms is glycolysis the only process in respiration?

Options:
A Anaerobic organisms
B Aerobic organisms
C Aquatic organisms
D Terrestrial organisms

The correct answer is:
Anaerobic organisms

Solution:
In anaerobic organisms, glycolysis is the only process in respiration.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
In which organisms is the XO type of sex determination observed?

Options:
A Insects
B Mammals
C Both insects and mammals
D Birds

The correct answer is:
Insects

Solution:
The XO type of sex determination is observed in a large number of insects.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
In which oxidation state are halides more covalent for metals that exhibit more than one oxidation state?

Options:
A Lower oxidation state
B Higher oxidation state
C It depends on the metal
D They are equally covalent

The correct answer is:
Higher oxidation state

Solution:
For metals that exhibit more than one oxidation state, the halides in the higher oxidation state are more covalent than the ones in the lower oxidation state.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
In which oxidation state do lead compounds act as strong oxidizing agents?

Options:
A +2
B +4
C +6
D +8

The correct answer is:
+4

Solution:
Lead compounds in +4 state are strong oxidizing agents.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
In which oxidation state Lanthanoid halides are stable?

Options:
A +1
B +2
C +3
D +4

The correct answer is:
+3

Solution:
Correct Option is : 3
+3

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
In which pair of ions both the species contain S-S bond?

Options:
A S4O62-,S2O32-
B S4O72-,S2O82-
C S4O62-,S2O72-
D S2O72-,S2O32-

The correct answer is:
S4O62-,S2O32-

Solution:
S4O62-,S2O32- both contain S-S bonds.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
In which pair of ions do both the species contain S-S bond?

Options:
A S2O72-, S2O32-
B S4O62-, S2O32-
C S2O72-, S2O82-
D S4O62-, S2O72-

The correct answer is:
S4O62-, S2O32-

Solution:
The name of the given anions:

S4O62- = Tetrathionate ion

S2O32- = Thiosulfate ion

S2O82- = Peroxydisulfate ion

S2O72- = Disulfate ion

Both S4O62- and S2O32- has S-S bond as they both occurs in salt of dithionic acid which is stable i.e.,H2S2O6 .

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET, NEET 2017
In which part of India have harmful effects of excess fluoride on bones and teeth been reported?

Options:
A Rajasthan
B Kerala
C Maharashtra
D Punjab

The correct answer is:
Rajasthan

Solution:
Harmful effects of excess fluoride on bones and teeth have been reported in some parts of Rajasthan, India.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
In which part of the alimentary canal the negligible amount of absorption of substance takes place?

Options:
A mouth
B stomach
C small intestine
D oesophagus

The correct answer is:
oesophagus

Solution:
Absorption in the oesophagus is virtually nil.
Its role in digestion is simple: to convey bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
In which part of the sperm will we find a huge quantity of organelles nicknamed 'powerhouse of the cell'?

Options:
A The head
B The neck
C The tail
D The middle piece

The correct answer is:
The middle piece

Solution:
The middle piece of the sperm contains numerous mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell. These mitochondria supply sperm with the energy, which it requires for its motility and fertilising capacity.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
In which period does the filling of 2p orbitals begin?

Options:
A The second period (n = 2)
B The third period (n = 3)
C The fourth period (n = 4)
D The fifth period (n = 5)

The correct answer is:
The second period (n = 2)

Solution:
The second period (n = 2) starts with lithium and the third electron enters the 2s orbital. The next element, beryllium has four electrons and has the electronic configuration 1s22s2. Starting from the next element boron, the 2p orbitals are filled with electrons when the L shell is completed at neon (2s22p6).

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
In which phase are both the reactants and the catalyst in the hydrolysis of sugar?

Options:
A Liquid
B Gas
C Solid
D Aqueous solution

The correct answer is:
Aqueous solution

Solution:
The paragraph indicates that both the reactants and the catalyst in the hydrolysis of sugar are in the same phase, which is an aqueous solution.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
In which phase does esterification typically occur?

Options:
A Gas phase
B Solid phase
C Liquid phase
D Aqueous phase

The correct answer is:
Liquid phase

Solution:
Esterification usually occurs in the liquid phase when carboxylic acids react with alcohols or phenols in the presence of a mineral acid catalyst.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, NEET
In which physical state does a substance typically have the highest entropy?

Options:
A Solid
B Liquid
C Gas
D Plasma

The correct answer is:
Gas

Solution:
In general, a substance in the gaseous state has the highest entropy because the particles in a gas are more disordered and have greater freedom of movement compared to particles in the solid or liquid states.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
In which physical state is the magnitude of H-bonding maximum?

Options:
A Solid state
B Liquid state
C Gaseous state
D Plasma state

The correct answer is:
Solid state

Solution:
The magnitude of H-bonding is maximum in the solid state.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
In which physical state is the magnitude of H-bonding minimum?

Options:
A Solid state
B Liquid state
C Gaseous state
D Plasma state

The correct answer is:
Gaseous state

Solution:
The magnitude of H-bonding is minimum in the gaseous state.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
In which plant do male cones and megasporophylls occur on different trees?

Options:
A Pinus
B Cycas
C Nucellus
D Megaspore mother cell

The correct answer is:
Cycas

Solution:
In cycas, male cones and megasporophylls are borne on different trees, while in Pinus they may be borne on the same tree.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
In which process are nickel catalysts used for hydrogenation?

Options:
A Steel production
B Polymerization
C Wacker process
D Sulfuric acid production

The correct answer is:
Polymerization

Solution:
Nickel complexes are useful in the polymerisation of alkynes and other organic compounds such as benzene.

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
In which process, fused sodium hydroxide is electrolysed for extraction of sodium?

Options:
A Cyanide process
B Castner’s process
C Down’s process
D Both (a) and (c)

The correct answer is:
Castner’s process

Solution:
Electrolysis of fused NaOH is carried out at 330oC using iron as cathode and nickel as anode in Castnerâs process as follows
2NaOH→2 Na + +2 OH −
At cathode: 2Na++2e-â2Na
At anode: 4OH-â2H2O+O2+4e-

Topic: Chemistry, s Block Elements, NEET
In which process is platinum gauze used as a catalyst for the oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide?

Options:
A Haber's process
B Lead chamber process
C Ostwald's process
D Contact process

The correct answer is:
Ostwald's process

Solution:
The paragraph states that in Ostwald's process, platinum gauze is used as a catalyst for the oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide.

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, NEET
In which process maximum energy is released?

Options:
A S-(g)+e-→S2-(g)
B F(g)+e-→F-(g)
C N(g)+e-→N-(g)
D S(g)+e-→S-(g)

The correct answer is:
F(g)+e-→F-(g)

Solution:
As on moving left to right across the period electron affinity increases and also the amount of energy released, and it is maximum for halogens.
So EA1 of F >E1 of S.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
In which proteins all peptide bonds are stretched to maximum?

Options:
A ùõÉ- sheets
B - helix
C Fibrous proteins
D Globular proteins

The correct answer is:
ùõÉ- sheets

Solution:
Correct Option is : 1
ùõÉ- sheets

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
In which reaction product formation takes place by Saytzeff rule

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Alkyl bromide having two β -carbon atoms can give Satyzeff elimination with base in which more stable alkene is the major product.

Topic: Chemistry, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, NEET
In which reaction the product is not correctly given?

Options:
A
B
C
D Both A and B

The correct answer is:
Both A and B

Solution:
As -OCH3 is an o/p directing group hence wrong product is shown as it is meta product so not possible.
As -COOH is a deactivating group, hence the reaction (Friedel craft alkylation) is not possible.
Acidic permanganate can oxidise alkyl group into COOH as alkyl group has α -H-atom.

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, NEET
In which region does the frequency of light absorbed generally lie when an electron is excited from a lower energy d orbital to a higher energy d orbital?

Options:
A Ultraviolet region
B Infrared region
C Visible region
D Microwave region

The correct answer is:
Visible region

Solution:
When an electron from a lower energy d orbital is excited to a higher energy d orbital, the energy of excitation corresponds to the frequency of light absorbed. This frequency generally lies in the visible region.

Topic: Chemistry, d and f Block Elements, NEET
In which region of the electromagnetic spectrum do the Balmer series lines of hydrogen appear?

Options:
A Infrared
B Ultraviolet
C X-ray
D Visible

The correct answer is:
Visible

Solution:
The Balmer series of lines in the hydrogen spectrum appears in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
In which regions of the world are dietary deficiencies of proteins and total food calories most widespread?

Options:
A Europe and North America
B South and South-east Asia, South America, and West and Central Africa
C Australia and New Zealand
D North Africa and the Middle East

The correct answer is:
South and South-east Asia, South America, and West and Central Africa

Solution:
Dietary deficiencies of proteins and total food calories are widespread in many underdeveloped countries of South and South-east Asia, South America, and West and Central Africa.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
In which solvent does rhombic sulfur dissolve to some extent?

Options:
A Water
B Ethanol
C Benzene, alcohol, and ether
D Carbon disulfide (CS2)

The correct answer is:
Benzene, alcohol, and ether

Solution:
Rhombic sulfur dissolves to some extent in benzene, alcohol, and ether, as mentioned in the passage.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
In which solvent NaCl has maximum solubility?

Options:
A H2O
B C2H5OH
C CH3COCH3
D C2H5OC2H5

The correct answer is:
H2O

Solution:
NaCl is an ionic compound. Solubility of an ionic compound depends on the value of dielectric constant of the solvent. Higher the value of dielectric constant of the solvent more is the solubility of the ionic compound.

Solvent
H2O
C2H5OH
CH3COCH3
C2H5OC2H5

Dielectric constant
80
27
21
4.1

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
In which stage does the embryo differentiate into trophoblast and an inner group of cells?

Options:
A Gastrula
B Neurula
C Blastula
D Morula

The correct answer is:
Blastula

Solution:
The blastocyst is a structure formed in the early development of mammals. It possesses an inner cell mass (ICM) which subsequently forms the embryo. The outer layer of the blastocyst consists of cells collectively called the trophoblast.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
In which stage of prophase-I recombination nodules appear in meiosis?

Options:
A Leptotene
B Zygotene
C Diplotene
D Pachytene

The correct answer is:
Pachytene

Solution:
The first two stages of prophase-I are relatively short-lived compared to the next stage that is pachytene. During this stage, bivalent chromosomes clearly appear as tetrads. This stage is characterised by the appearance of recombination nodules, the sites at which crossing over occurs between non-sister chromatids of the homologous chromosomes.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
In which stage of the cell cycle the chromosomes are moved to the spindle equator?

Options:
A Prophase
B Metaphase
C Anaphase
D Telophase

The correct answer is:
Metaphase

Solution:
In the Metaphase of cell cycle the chromosomes are moved to the spindle equator

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
In which stage of the cell cycle the chromosomes split and chromatids separate?

Options:
A Prophase
B Metaphase
C Anaphase
D Telophase

The correct answer is:
Anaphase

Solution:
In Anaphase stage of cell cycle the chromosomes split and chromatids separate

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET