datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Development of similar phenotypes when unrelated organisms are subjected to same type of selection pressure, explains

Options:
A convergent evolution.
B divergent evolution.
C cladogenesis.
D anagenesis.

The correct answer is:
convergent evolution.

Solution:
Analogy refers to a situation that is exactly the opposite of homology. The wings of a butterfly and of birds look alike. They are not anatomically similar structures though they perform similar functions. Hence, analogous structures are a result of convergent evolution - different structures evolving for the same function and hence having similarity.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Development of the anther in angiosperms is

Options:
A Leptosporangiate
B Eusporangiate
C Gradate
D Simple

The correct answer is:
Eusporangiate

Solution:
In Angiosperms, the cells of epidermis of anther often become stretched and shrivel off at maturity. In eusporangiate development, the microsporangia develop hypodermally in anther from strips of archesporial cells.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Development of the human brain and language over the course of human evolution represent

Options:
A Divergent evolution
B Convergent evolution
C Parallel evolution
D Mutation

The correct answer is:
Parallel evolution

Solution:
Homology is accounted for by the idea of branching descent. The study of comparative anatomy, fossils, and comparative biochemistry provides evidence for evolution. Among the stories of the evolution of individual species, the story of the evolution of modern man is most interesting and appears to parallel the evolution of the human brain and language.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Device for self-pollination is:

Options:
A Heterostyly
B Dicliny
C Unisexuality
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
None of the above

Solution:
bisexuality or homogamy
Homogamy refers to the maturation of male and female reproductive organs at the same time, which is also known as simultaneous or synchronous hermaphrodism and is the antonym of dichogamy. Many flowers appear to be homogamous but some of these may not be strictly functionally homogamous, because for various reasons male and female reproduction do not completely overlap.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
D-Glucose and D-Fructose can be differentiated by

Options:
A Fehling solution
B Tollen's reagent
C Benedict test
D Br2/H2O

The correct answer is:
Br2/H2O

Solution:
D-Glucose and D-Fructose can be differentiated by Br2/H2O .
D-Glucose →Br2 D-gluconic acid.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Diabetes insipidus is caused due to deficiency of

Options:
A Aldosterone
B ADH
C ACTH
D TSH

The correct answer is:
ADH

Solution:
The amount of water excreted in the urine is controlled by antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin). Hyposecretion of ADH results in diabetes insipidus, where the kidneys cannot concentrate the urine, and a large amount of dilute urine is excreted.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Diabetes mellitus may be treated using insulin from genetic engineering. Where is this insulin produced?

Options:
A Bacterial cytoplasm
B Bacterial nucleus
C Human liver
D Human pancreas

The correct answer is:
Bacterial cytoplasm

Solution:
Human insulin can be produced via genetic engineering by transferring the gene into a bacterial plasmid and getting it expressed. The insulin in the bacteria is produced within the bacterial cytoplasm.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET
Diacetyl morphine is also called as:

Options:
A Crack
B Smack
C Amphetamine
D Barbiturate

The correct answer is:
Smack

Solution:
Option (2) is the answer because heroin, commonly called smack is chemically diacetyl morphine. Morphine is used as sedatives.
Option (1) is not the answer because cocaine is obtained from coca plant and commonly called coke or crack.
Option (3) is not the answer because amphetamine is a stimulant.
Option (4) is not the answer because, barbiturates belong to the categories of sedatives.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2023 (Manipur)
Diadelphous stamens are found in:

Options:
A China rose
B Citrus
C Pea
D China rose and Citrus

The correct answer is:
Pea

Solution:
The stamens may be united into one bunch or one bundle (monoadelphous) as in Chinarose, or two bundles (diadelphous) as in pea (Pisum sativum), or into more than two bundles (polyadelphous) as in citrus.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2021
Diagrammatic section of the mammary gland is given.

Select the incorrect option.

Options:
A C is fat and D is a bone
B E helps in respiration.
C B is 15-20 in number in a breast
D A is lined by non-secretory cells.

The correct answer is:
A is lined by non-secretory cells.

Solution:
The mammary glands are paired structures (breasts) that contain glandular tissue and variable amount of fat. The glandular tissue of each breast is divided into 15-20 mammary lobes containing clusters of cells called alveoli. The cells of alveoli secrete milk, which is stored in the cavities (lumens) of alveoli. The alveoli open into mammary tubules. The tubules of each lobe join to form a mammary duct.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Diagrammatic view of female reproductive system is given below. Select the incorrect option on the basis of labels given.

Options:
A I + J = Birth canal
B Fallopian tube = E + F + G + H
C D represents infundibulum
D A + B + C = Uterine wall layers.

The correct answer is:
D represents infundibulum

Solution:

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Dialysing unit (artificial kidney) contains a fluid which is almost same as plasma except that it has

Options:
A High glucose
B High urea
C No urea
D High uric acid

The correct answer is:
No urea

Solution:
Dialysing unit (artificial kidney) contains a fluid which is almost same as plasma except that it has no urea.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Dialysis fluid contains all the constituents as in plasma except ___.

Options:
A nitrogenous wastes
B ammonia
C salts
D glucose

The correct answer is:
nitrogenous wastes

Solution:
Dialysis fluid contains all the constituents as in plasma except nitrogenous wastes

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Diameter of human eye lens is $2 \mathrm{~mm}$. What will be the minimum distance between two points to resolve them, which are situated at a distance of $50 \mathrm{~m}$ from eye. The wavelength of light 5000 $Å$.

Options:
A $2.32 \mathrm{~m}$
B $4.28 \mathrm{~mm}$
C $1.25 \mathrm{~cm}$
D $12.48 \mathrm{~cm}$

The correct answer is:
$1.25 \mathrm{~cm}$

Solution:
For the aparture, limit of resolution
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \frac{y}{D} \geq \frac{\lambda}{d} \Rightarrow y \geq \frac{\lambda D}{d} \\
& y \geq \frac{5 \times 10^{-7}}{2 \times 10^{-3}} \times 50 \geq 1.25 \mathrm{~m}
\end{aligned}
$$

Topic: Physics, Ray Optics, NEET, NEET 2002
Diameter of pollen grain is

Options:
A 25–50 cm
B 25–50 µm
C 30–50 mm
D 10–25 µm

The correct answer is:
25–50 µm

Solution:
The pollen grain formed in the anther is the male gametophyte. It contains the male gametes and is surrounded by two layers - exine and intine. The pollen grain is spherical and measures about 25-50 micrometers.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Diamond is a covalent substance, yet it has a high melting point. Why?

Options:
A Diamond forms ionic bonds that contribute to its high melting point.
B Diamond has a three-dimensional network involving strong C—C bonds, which are very difficult to break.
C Diamond has weak Van der Waals forces that contribute to its high melting point.
D Diamond undergoes sublimation rather than melting.

The correct answer is:
Diamond has a three-dimensional network involving strong C—C bonds, which are very difficult to break.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Diamond has a three-dimensional network involving strong C—C bonds, which are very difficult to break.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Diaphragms are contraceptive devices used by females. Choose the correct option from the statements given below:

I. They are introduced into the uterus.
II. They are placed to cover the cervical region.
III. They are an example of physical barriers.
IV. They act as spermicidal agents.

Options:
A I and II
B I and III
C II and III
D III and IV

The correct answer is:
II and III

Solution:
Diaphragms are the contraceptives used to cover the cervical region and it prevents sperm entry into the uterus.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Diaphragms are contraceptive devices used by females. Read the statements given below and choose the correct option.

(i) They are introduced into the uterus.
(ii) They are placed to cover the cervical region.
(iii) They act as physical barriers for sperm entry.
(iv) They act as spermicidal agents.

Options:
A (i) and (ii)
B (i) and (iii)
C (ii) and (iii)
D (iii) and (iv)

The correct answer is:
(ii) and (iii)

Solution:
Diaphragms constitute the physical barriers of contraception, which prevent fertilization by blocking the entry of sperms through cervix. Diaphragm is a soft rubber cup that covers entrance to uterus. To increase its efficiency, spermicidal agents can be used along with it.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Diatoms stay afloat due to

Options:
A Pseudopodia
B Flagella
C Stored lipids
D All the above

The correct answer is:
Stored lipids

Solution:
In diatoms, the major carbon storage is triacylglycerides (TAGs) and fatty acids which usually make up 15â25% of dry biomass. These stored lipids of diatoms help them float on the water surface. The lipid increases the buoyancy and helps avoid sinking in water. Most diatoms are non - motile and lack flagella or pseudopodia and hence they move through the water currents.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Dichotomous branching is found in

Options:
A Pteridophytes
B Fern
C Liverworts
D Funaria

The correct answer is:
Liverworts

Solution:
Dichotomous branching is characteristic feature of liverworts e.g. Riccia, Marchantia, Pellia etc. It is a primitive form of branching. It is also called forked branching. In liverworts, the thallus is flat and dorsiventral and dichotomously branched. The thallus has a notch at the anterior end. At the base of the notch, there is a growing point consisting of a single apical cell. It divides repeatedly to form two branches of the same size.

Topic: Biology, Plant Kingdom, NEET
Dicots and monocots are two classes under the division - angiosperms. Which of the following statements are correct about their seeds?

i. The scutellum is cotyledon in dicots.
ii. Generally, dicots have non-endospermic seeds.
iii. Coleoptile covers the plumule in monocots.
iv. The heart-shaped embryo is seen in monocots.

Options:
A i and iii
B ii and iv
C ii and iii
D iii and iv

The correct answer is:
ii and iii

Solution:
Scutellum/cotyledon is situated laterally in monocots. Cotyledons are centrally placed in dicots. Generally dicot have non endospermic seeds while monocots have endospermic seeds. Coleoptile and coleorhiza is the stem tip and root tip in monocots respectively. Dicotyledonous zygote gives rise to a globular heart shaped embryo.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET
Did the contrasting traits show any blending in either the F₁ or F₂ stage?

Options:
A Yes, the contrasting traits showed blending in both F₁ and F₂ stage
B No, the contrasting traits did not show any blending at either F₁ or F₂ stage
C The contrasting traits showed blending in F₁ but not in F₂ stage
D The contrasting traits showed blending in F₂ but not in F₁ stage

The correct answer is:
No, the contrasting traits did not show any blending at either F₁ or F₂ stage

Solution:
The contrasting traits did not show any blending at either F₁ or F₂ stage.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
Difference between Virus and Viroid is

Options:
A Absence of protein coat in viroid but present in virus
B Presence of low molecular weight RNA in the virus but absent in viroid
C Both a and b
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Absence of protein coat in viroid but present in virus

Solution:
Protein coat is present in virus but absent in viroids.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET
Difference in density is the basis of

Options:
A Ultrafiltration
B Molecular sieving
C Gravity separation
D Molecular attraction

The correct answer is:
Gravity separation

Solution:
Levigation or gravity separation is used when the ore particles are heavier than the earthy or rocky gangue particles.

Topic: Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals, NEET
Different cells have different sizes. Arrange the following cells in an ascending order of their size. Choose the correct option among the following: (i) Mycoplasma (ii) Ostrich eggs (iii) Human RBCs (iv) Bacteria

Options:
A (i), (iv), (iii), (ii)
B (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)
C (ii), (i), (iii), (iv)
D (iii), (ii), (i), (iv)

The correct answer is:
(i), (iv), (iii), (ii)

Solution:
Ascending order of size: Mycoplasma < Bacteria < Human RBCs < Ostrich eggs.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Different cells have different sizes. Arrange the following cells in ascending order of their size and select the correct option.
(i) Mycoplasma
(ii) Ostrich eggs
(iii) Human RBCs
(iv) Bacteria

Options:
A (i) → (iv) → (iii) → (ii)
B (i) → (iii) → (iv) → (ii)
C (ii) → (i) → (iii) → (iv)
D (iii) → (ii) → (i) → (iv)

The correct answer is:
(i) → (iv) → (iii) → (ii)

Solution:
Ostrich eggs are among the largest cells with size (15 × 13) cm. RBC is 7µm in diameter. Mycoplasma-like organisms (MLOs) or mycoplasma is the smallest cell followed by bacterial cells, then RBCs, and ostrich egg cell is the largest known cell.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Different factors affecting population density are given below. I, B, D and E represent:

Options:
A I-Emigration, B-Immigration, D-Natality, E-Mortality
B I-Immigration, B-Natality, D-Mortality, E-Emigration
C I-Immigration, B-Mortality, D-Natality, E-Emigration
D I-Immigration, B-Natality, D-Emigration, E-Mortality

The correct answer is:
I-Immigration, B-Natality, D-Mortality, E-Emigration

Solution:
Natality rate also called birth rate for a population. It is a measure of the number of births occurring in a population in a particular time period. It is denoted by letter B
The mortality rate is the measure of number of deaths in a particular population for a particular time period. It is denoted by letter D.
I represent the rate of immigration, which is the number of people entering an area of the population at a particular time interval.
Letter E denotes the rate of emigration, which is the number of people leaving/exiting an area or population at a particular time interval.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
Different types of assisted reproductive techniques are given below.

a. ZIFT
b. IUT
c. ICSI
d. GIFT
e. AI

Select the correct type of fertilisation in the above techniques.

Options:
A In vitro → d, b, c ; In vivo → a, e
B In vitro â a, b, c; In vivo â d, e
C In vitro → d, e; In vivo → a, b, c
D In vitro → a, c, e; In vivo → b, d

The correct answer is:
In vitro → a, b, c; In vivo → d, e

Solution:
In-vitro fertilization is a technique of letting fertilisation of the male and female gametes (sperm and egg) occur outside the female body, e.g., intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), zygote intra-fallopian transfer (ZIFT), IUT. In-vivo fertilization of a ripe egg occurs within the uterus of a fertile donor female, rather than in an artificial medium, for subsequent nonsurgical transfer to an infertile recipient, e.g., gamete intra-fallopian tube transfer (GIFT), artificial insemination (AI).

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Different types of excretory structures and animals are given below. Match them appropriately and mark the correct answer from among those given below:

Excretory structure

Organ Animals

A. Protonephridia

i. Prawn

B. Nephridia

ii. Cockroach

C. Malpighian tubules

iii. Earthworm

D. Green gland or Antennal glands

iv Flatworms

Options:
A A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i
B A-iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii
C A-iii, B-iv, C-ii, D-i
D A-iii, B-i, C-ii, D-iv

The correct answer is:
A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i

Solution:
Protonephridia is the excretory structure of Flatworms. Nephridia is the excretory structure of Earthworm. Malpighian tubules is the excretory structure of Cockroach. Green gland or Antennal glands is the excretory structure of Prawn.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Differentiate between rubbers and plastics on the basis of intermolecular forces.

Options:
A Rubbers have strong intermolecular forces, while plastics have weak forces.
B Rubbers are held together by covalent bonds, while plastics are held by van der Waals forces.
C Rubbers have weak intermolecular forces and are highly elastic, while plastics have stronger forces and are more rigid.
D Rubbers are amorphous, while plastics have a crystalline structure.

The correct answer is:
Rubbers have weak intermolecular forces and are highly elastic, while plastics have stronger forces and are more rigid.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Rubbers have weak intermolecular forces and are highly elastic, while plastics have stronger forces and are more rigid.

Topic: Chemistry, Polymers, NEET
Differentiation of shoot is controlled by:

Options:
A high auxin : cytokinin ratio
B high cytokinin : auxin ratio
C high gibberellin : auxin ration
D high gibberellin : cytokinin ratio

The correct answer is:
high cytokinin : auxin ratio

Solution:
A high cytokinin to auxin ratio triggers shoot formation but inhibits root induction, whereas, a low ratio produces the opposite effect. Plant growth regulators (cytokinin, auxin) are widely used to control differentiation in cultured plant cells and tissues.
Related Theory
In the root meristem, auxin induces the meristematic cell division, whereas cytokinin promotes the cell to swith from the meristematic to differentiated state through inhibiting auxin signalling. Auxin at low concentrations limits the action of cytokinin. An increase in cytokinin level counteracts this inhibitory effect and leads to an inhibition of auxin stgnalling. At higher concentrations of both hormones, these antagonistic interactions between cytokinin and auxin are absent

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET, NEET 2003
Differentiation of shoot is controlled by

Options:
A High gibberellin: cytokinin ratio
B High auxin: cytokinin ratio
C High cytokinin: auxin ratio
D High gibberellin: auxin ratio

The correct answer is:
High cytokinin: auxin ratio

Solution:
In tissue culture, differentiation of shoot is controlled by high cytokinin: auxin ratio, while high auxin: cytokinin ratio is responsible for root formation.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Diffuse porous woods are characteristic of plants growing in:

Options:
A alpine region
B cold winter regions
C temperature climate
D tropics

The correct answer is:
tropics

Solution:
Vessels are equal diameters and are uniformly distributed throughout the ring, the porous wood is known as diffuse porous. It is characteristic of plants growing in tropics.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2003
Diffusion of a molecule from low concentration to the high concentration

Options:
A can take place
B can't take place
C take place in presence of proteins
D it is irrelevant

The correct answer is:
can't take place

Solution:
Diffusion cannot cause net transport of molecule from a low to a high concentration-this would require input of energy.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
Diffusion pressure of the pure solvent is

Options:
A always more than its solution.
B sometimes more than its solution.
C less than its solution.
D equal to its solution.

The correct answer is:
always more than its solution.

Solution:
Substances having more solute concentration diffuse with low pressure. Pure water with no solute in it shows maximum D.P. Pure solvent has D.P = 1236 atm. Addition of solute decreases the D.P, therefore Solute is some time referred as DPD or Diffusion pressure deficient.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
Diffusion rates are affected by:

Options:
A Pressure
B Temperature
C Concentration gradient
D More than one option is correct

The correct answer is:
More than one option is correct

Solution:
The rate of diffusion is affected by the concentration gradient, membrane permeability, temperature, and pressure. Diffusion takes place as long as there is a difference between the concentrations of a substance across a barrier. However, diffusion stops, when the concentrations of the substance on either side of the barrier become equal.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
Digestion is considered complete when the substrate is broken into a form that is

.

Options:
A smaller
B masticated
C mixed with gastric juice
D absorbable

The correct answer is:
absorbable

Solution:
Digestion is the process of conversion of complex food substances into simple absorbable forms. Our digestive system applies both mechanical and biochemical methods for digestion.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
Digestive enzymes are

Options:
A Hydrolases
B Oxidoreductases
C Transferases
D Lyases

The correct answer is:
Hydrolases

Solution:
Digestive enzymes are hydrolases.Hydrolases are hydrolytic enzymes, biochemical catalysts that use water to cleave chemical bonds, usually dividing a large molecule into two smaller molecules. Examples of common hydrolases include esterases, proteases, glycosidases, nucleosidases, and lipases.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
Digital circuits can be made with the repetitive use of

Options:
A OR gates
B AND gates
C NOT gates
D NAND gates

The correct answer is:
NAND gates

Solution:
NAND gate is a universal gate and all other logic circuits can be created using different combinations of NAND gates.

Topic: Physics, Semiconductors, NEET
Dihedral angle of least stable conformer of ethane is:

Options:
A 120°
B 180°
C 60°
D 0°

The correct answer is:
0°

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET, NEET 2021
Dihydrogen reacts with dioxygen (O2) to form water. Write the name and formula of the product when the isotope of hydrogen which has one proton and one neutron in its nucleus is treated with oxygen. Will the reactivity of both the isotopes be the same towards oxygen? Justify your answer.

Options:
A The product is Deuterium Oxide (D2O). The reactivity of Deuterium [D] towards oxygen is higher than that of Protium (H).
B The product is Deuterium Oxide (D2O). The reactivity of Deuterium [D] towards oxygen is the same as that of Protium (H).
C The product is Heavy Water (H2O). The reactivity of Deuterium [D] towards oxygen is higher than that of Protium (H).
D The product is Heavy Water (H2O). The reactivity of Deuterium [D] towards oxygen is the same as that of Protium (H).

The correct answer is:
The product is Deuterium Oxide (D2O). The reactivity of Deuterium [D] towards oxygen is higher than that of Protium (H).

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
The product is Deuterium Oxide (D2O). The reactivity of Deuterium [D] towards oxygen is higher than that of Protium (H).

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrogen, NEET
Dikaryon condition is not seen in:

Options:
A Mucor
B Agaricus
C Ustilago
D Puccinia

The correct answer is:
Mucor

Solution:
Dikaryon is a condition wherein two nuclei per cell is found. This condition is seen in fungi like ascomycetes and basidiomycetes, whereas in other fungi, the fusion of haploid cells results in the formation of diploid cells immediately. Mucor is an example of Phycomycetes where asexual reproduction takes place by motile or non-motile spores and a zygospore is formed when two gametes fuse.

Topic: Biology, Biological Classification, NEET