datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
In humans, blood passes from the post caval to the diastolic right atrium of heart is due to

Options:
A Pushing open of the venous valves
B Suction pull
C Stimulation of the sino atrial node
D Pressure difference between the post caval and atrium

The correct answer is:
Pressure difference between the post caval and atrium

Solution:
In human, blood passes form the post caval to the diastolic right atrium of heart due to the pressure difference between the post caval and atrium.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
In humans, deoxygenated blood flows from:

Options:
A Left auricle to left ventricle during auricular systole
B Right auricle to right ventricle during atrial systole
C Right ventricle to aorta during ventricular systole
D Pulmonary vein to left auricle during auricular systole

The correct answer is:
Right auricle to right ventricle during atrial systole

Solution:
The right and left atria are the top chambers of the heart and receive blood into the heart. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation and the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circulation.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
In humans, inhibin

Options:
A inhibits the production of FSH from pituitary but doesn't inhibit the secretion of Gonadotropin Releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus.
B doesn't inhibit the production of FSH from pituitary but inhibits the secretion of Gonadotropin Releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus.
C inhibits the production of FSH from pituitary as well as the secretion of Gonadotropin Releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus.
D neither inhibits the production of FSH from pituitary nor does it inhibit the secretion of Gonadotropin Releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus.

The correct answer is:
inhibits the production of FSH from pituitary but doesn't inhibit the secretion of Gonadotropin Releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus.

Solution:
In males, hormone inhibin produced by Sertoli cells inhibits the production of FSH from the pituitary. However, inhibin does not inhibit the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. In females, inhibin is produced by granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles. Androgens stimulate inhibin production, while GnRH inhibits inhibin production.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
In humans, placenta is derived from

Options:
A Yolk sac
B Amnion
C Allantois
D Chorion

The correct answer is:
Chorion

Solution:
The placenta is defined as a temporary intimate mechanical and physiological connection between foetal and maternal tissues for the nutrition, respiration and excretion of the foetus. Human placenta consist of chorion only. Hence, it is called a chorionic placenta.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
In humans, polydactyly (i.e. presence of extra fingers and toes) is determined by a dominant autosomal allele (P) and the normal condition is determined by a recessive allele (p). Find out the possible genotypes of family members 1, 2 and 3 in the given pedigree.

Options:
A

1	2	3
PP	Pp	pp

B

1	2	3
PP	PP	pp

C

1	2	3
Pp	PP	Pp

D

1	2	3
Pp	Pp	pp

The correct answer is:

1	2	3
Pp	Pp	pp

Solution:
Pedigree analysis provides information regarding inheritance of particular traits or diseases and using it we can predict the possibility of appearance of any traits in the new generation.
Member 3 is unaffected and the normal condition is recessive thus its genotype will be pp. To obtain recessive homozygous condition, both parents must have the recessive allele, therefore, member 2 must be heterozygous as it is affected one. Genotype of member 2 is Pp.
Member 1 genotype is also Pp as the son is unaffected (pp) and the wife of member 1 is normal.

Topic: Biology, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, NEET
In humans, the activation of sympathetic nervous system stimulates the adrenal medulla to release certain hormones that help in flight and fight response. A similar type of response in plants can be given by

Options:
A Auxin
B Cytokinin
C Abscisic acid
D Ethylene

The correct answer is:
Abscisic acid

Solution:
Abscisic acid (ABA) is an inhibitory plant hormone also known as 'dormin' hormone as it promotes seed dormancy and inhibits growth. ABA is a stress hormone as it helps the plant survive different kinds of environmental stresses. It also stimulates the closure of stomata. It acts as the antagonist of the gibberellic acid.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
In humans the two different harmful species of Mycobacterium causes

Options:
A Cholera and Diarrhoea
B Pneumonia and Diptheria
C Tetanus and Plague
D Leprosy and Tuberculosis

The correct answer is:
Leprosy and Tuberculosis

Solution:
In humans, leprosy disease is caused by Mycobacterium leprae bacterium whereas the disease tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET
In humans, the undigested, unabsorbed substances called faeces are temporarily stored in

Options:
A Rectum
B Colon
C Caecum
D Cloaca

The correct answer is:
Rectum

Solution:
Peristalsis is a wave-like contraction and relaxation of muscles that cause the movement of food along the alimentary canal. The undigested, unabsorbed substances called faeces enter into the caecum of the large intestine through the ileocaecal valve, which prevents the backflow of the fecal matter. It is temporarily stored in the rectum till defaecation.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
In Hydra, the neural organisation is comprised of

Options:
A a network of neurons
B CNS and PNS
C only CNS
D only PNS

The correct answer is:
a network of neurons

Solution:
Level of organisation in case of onidarian is tissue level. So, the neural organisation must be made up to this level. In Hydra, neural organisation is made up of network of neurons.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
In hydrarch succession, the stage which comes immediately after submerged free-floating plant stage is

Options:
A forest stage
B scrub stage
C reed - swamp stage
D marsh - meadow stage

The correct answer is:
reed - swamp stage

Solution:
The successive seral stages of hydrarch succession are phytoplankton stage, submerged plant stage, submerged free-floating plant stage, reed-swamp stage, marsh-meadow stage, scrub stage, and finally, forest stage.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
In hydraulic press radii of connecting pipes, r1 and r2 are in ratio 1:2. In order to lift a heavy mass M on larger piston, the small piston must be pressed through a minimum force f equal to -

Options:
A Mg
B Mg2
C Mg4
D Mg5

The correct answer is:
Mg4

Solution:
According to Pascal's principle and Hydraulic Lift concepts
f1f2=A1A2=r12r22=14
f1=14Mg

Topic: Physics, Mechanical Properties of Fluids, NEET
In hydroboration-oxidation, which carbon of the alkene does boron attach to?

Options:
A The sp carbon with fewer hydrogen atoms
B The sp2 carbon with fewer hydrogen atoms
C The sp2 carbon with greater hydrogen atoms
D The sp3 carbon with fewer hydrogen atoms

The correct answer is:
The sp2 carbon with greater hydrogen atoms

Solution:
Boron attaches to the sp2 carbon with greater hydrogen atoms in hydroboration-oxidation.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
In hydroboration-oxidation, why is the yield of alcohol obtained described as excellent?

Options:
A It follows Markovnikov's rule.
B It involves a radical reaction.
C It is a rapid reaction.
D It provides a high yield of the desired product.

The correct answer is:
It provides a high yield of the desired product.

Solution:
The passage mentions that the yield of alcohol obtained in hydroboration-oxidation is excellent, indicating a high yield of the desired product.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
In hydrogen atom, an electron in its ground state absorbs two times of the energy as if requires escaping (13.6eV) from the atom. The wavelength of the emitted electron will be

Options:
A 1.34×10-10m
B 2.34×10-10m
C 3.34×10-10m
D 4.44×10-10m

The correct answer is:
3.34×10-10m

Solution:
Energy absorbed by an atom =2×13.6=27.2eV
Energy consumed in escape =13.6eV
Energy converted into K.E. =13.6×1.6×10-19J
λ=h/2mKE ∵ ( h=6.6×10-34kgm2s-1 and m=9.1×10-31kg )
=6.6×10-342×9.1×10-31×13.6×1.6×10-19
On solving
=3.34×10-10m

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
In hydrogen atom, the de-Broglie wavelength of an electron in the second Bohr orbit is [Given that, Bohr radius, $\mathrm{a}_0=52.9 \mathrm{pm}$ ]

Options:
A $211.6 \mathrm{pm}$
B $211.6 \pi \mathrm{pm}$
C $52.9 \pi \mathrm{pm}$
D $105.8 \mathrm{pm}$

The correct answer is:
$211.6 \pi \mathrm{pm}$

Solution:
According to Bohr,
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \mathrm{mvr}=\frac{\mathrm{nh}}{2 \pi} \\
& 2 \pi \mathrm{r}=\frac{\mathrm{nh}}{\mathrm{mv}}=\mathrm{n} \lambda
\end{aligned}
$$
..(i) $\left[\because \lambda=\frac{\mathrm{h}}{\mathrm{mv}}\right]$
where, $\mathrm{r}=$ radius, $\lambda=$ wavelength
$\mathrm{n}=$ number of orbit
Also,
$$
r=\frac{a_0 n^2}{\mathrm{Z}}
$$
where, $\mathrm{a}_0=$ Bohr radius $=52.9 \mathrm{pm}$
$\mathrm{Z}=$ atomic number
On substituting the value of ' $r$ ' from Eq. (ii) to Eq. (i), we get
$$
\begin{aligned}
\mathrm{n} \lambda & =\frac{2 \pi \mathrm{n}^2 \mathrm{a}_0}{\mathrm{Z}} \Rightarrow \lambda=\frac{2 \pi \mathrm{na}_0}{\mathrm{Z}} \\
\lambda & =2 \pi \times 2 \times 52.9 \quad[\because \mathrm{n}=2, \mathrm{Z}=1] \\
& =211.6 \pi \mathrm{pm}
\end{aligned}
$$

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
In hydrogen discharge tube, it is observed that through a given cross-section 3.13×1015 electrons are moving from right to left and 3.12×1015 protons are moving from left to right per second. The current in the discharge tube and its direction will be

Options:
A 1 mA, towards left

B 2 mA, towards right

C 1 mA, towards right

D 2 mA, towards left

The correct answer is:
1 mA, towards right

Solution:
Number of electrons ne=3.13×1015
Number of protons np=3.12×1015
Now, the current is given by the relation
i=neqe+npqp
=3.13×1015×1.6×10-19+3.12×1015×1.6×10-19
=1×10-3=1 mA
Now, due to excess the charge on electrons, the direction of the current will be towards right.

Topic: Physics, Current Electricity, NEET
In hydrogen spectrum, the shortest wavelength in the Balmer series is λ. The shortest wavelength in the Brackett series is :

Options:
A 16λ
B 2λ
C 4λ
D 9λ

The correct answer is:
4λ

Solution:
Shortest wavelength means maximum energy in transition.

Therefore for Balmer series transition would be n=∞ to n=2 and for Brackett series transition would be from n=∞ to n=4.

Now from Rydberg's formula,

1λBl1λBr=RH122-1∞2RH142-1∞2⇒λBr=4λBl=4λ

Topic: Physics, Atomic Physics, NEET, NEET 2023 (All India)
In hydrosere, the stages that come before and after the reed-swamp stage are, respectively,

Options:
A phytoplankton stage and submerged stage
B submerged stage and submerged free-floating stage
C submerged free-floating plant stage and marsh-meadow stage
D submerged free-floating plant stage and scrub stage

The correct answer is:
submerged free-floating plant stage and marsh-meadow stage

Solution:
Ecological succession is a predictable process; therefore, it can be predicted which stage will come before or after any stage. The correct sequence of succession is:
Phytoplankton stage â submerged plant stage â submerged free floating plant stage â reed-swamp stage â marsh meadow stage â scrub stage â forest stage.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
In increasing order of organizational complexity, which one of the following is the correct sequence?

Options:
A Species, population, community, ecosystem
B Population, community, species, ecosystem
C Population, ecosystem, species, community
D Species, population, ecosystem, community

The correct answer is:
Species, population, community, ecosystem

Solution:
Species are a grouping of individuals resembling each other in important morphological, anatomical, and biochemical characters and can potentially interbreed. The population is an aggregation or grouping of individuals of the same species at the same time in a particular area. The biotic community is an assemblage of interdependent, and the ecosystem is a self-sufficient and self-regulating segment of nature comprising of a biotic community and its physical environment, both interacting and exchanging materials.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
In India electricity is supplied for domestic use at $220 \mathrm{~V}$. It is supplied at $110 \mathrm{~V}$ in USA. If the resistance of a $60 \mathrm{~W}$ bulb for use in India is $R$, the resistance of a $60 \mathrm{~W}$ bulb for use in USA will be:

Options:
A $R$
B $2 R$
C $\frac{R}{4}$
D $\frac{R}{2}$

The correct answer is:
$\frac{R}{4}$

Solution:
In India, $P_1=\frac{(220)^2}{R}$
In USA $\quad P_V=\frac{(110)^2}{R_0}$
As $\quad P_1=P_V$
$$
\begin{aligned}
& \Rightarrow \quad \frac{(220)^2}{R}=\frac{(110)^2}{R_V} \\
& \therefore R_V=\frac{110 \times 110}{220 \times 220} \Rightarrow f v=\frac{R}{4}
\end{aligned}
$$

Topic: Physics, Current Electricity, NEET, NEET 2004
In India, hotspots are found in:

Options:
A Himalaya and Eastern Ghats
B Indo-Burma and Northern Himalayas
C Himalaya, Indo-Burma and the Western Ghats
D Both Eastern and Western Ghats

The correct answer is:
Himalaya, Indo-Burma and the Western Ghats

Solution:
Hotspots are the regions of accelerated habitat loss and endemism. Three of these hotspots – Western Ghats, Indo-Burma and Himalaya – cover our country’s exceptionally high biodiversity regions.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
In India, human population is heavily weighted towards the younger age groups as a result of

Options:
A Short life span of individuals and low birth rate
B Long life span of individuals and low birth rate
C Short life span of individuals and high birth rate
D Long life span of individuals and high birth rate

The correct answer is:
Short life span of individuals and high birth rate

Solution:
In india, there is short life span of individulas and high birth rate as compared to other countries. That is why, the human population is heavily weighed towards the younger age groups.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations, NEET
In India, the Air (prevention and control of pollution) Act came into force in

Options:
A 1981
B 1978
C 1918
D 1997

The correct answer is:
1981

Solution:
In India the Air (prevention and control of pollution) Act was passed in 1981 to improve the quality of our air. It was amended in 1987 and noise was added as a pollutant.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
In India, the organisation responsible for assessing the safety of introducing genetically modified organisms for public use is:

Options:
A Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM)
B Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
C Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
D Genetic Engineering Appraisal (Approval) Committee (GEAC)

The correct answer is:
Genetic Engineering Appraisal (Approval) Committee (GEAC)

Solution:
In India, Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee is responsible for assessing the safety of introducing genetically modified organisms for public use. GEAC comes under the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOE & F) while the Review Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM) comes under the Department of Biotechnology.
The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) was established by the Government of India in September 1942 as an autonomous body that has emerged as the largest research and development organisation in India. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) is the apex body in India for the formulation, coordination, and promotion of biomedical research.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET, NEET 2018
In India, we find mangoes with different flavours, colours, fibre content and even shelf-life. The large variation is on account of

Options:
A Species diversity
B Induced mutations
C Genetic diversity
D Hybridisation.

The correct answer is:
Genetic diversity

Solution:
Edward Wilson coined the term biodiversity to describe the diversity seen at the different levels of biosphere. We find heterogeneity not only at species level but also at the level of macromolecules within cells. There are three different types of biodiversity patterns seen most commonly, they are genetic, species and ecological. Genetic diversity refers to genetic the seen amongst a single species found in different regions. Rauwolfiavomitaria shows different concentration of reserpine in different regions of Himalayas, there are around 1000 different types of mangoes found which have different flavours, colours, fibre content and even shelf-life.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
In ionic solids, what types of defects are observed instead of simple vacancy or interstitial defects?

Options:
A Schottky and Frenkel defects
B Stoichiometric defects
C Point defects
D Line defects

The correct answer is:
Schottky and Frenkel defects

Solution:
In ionic solids, instead of simple vacancy or interstitial defects, they show Schottky and Frenkel defects.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
In ionic solids, which ions usually form the close-packed structure, and which ones occupy the voids?

Options:
A The smaller ions form the close-packed structure, and the larger ions occupy the voids.
B The larger ions form the close-packed structure, and the smaller ions occupy the voids.
C The anions form the close-packed structure, and the cations occupy the voids.
D The cations form the close-packed structure, and the anions occupy the voids.

The correct answer is:
The anions form the close-packed structure, and the cations occupy the voids.

Solution:
In ionic solids, the anions (usually larger ions) form the close-packed structure, and the cations (usually smaller ions) occupy the voids.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State, NEET
In ionization isomerism, which entities in the coordination compound exchange ligands?

Options:
A Anions only
B Cations only
C Both cations and anions
D Neither cations nor anions

The correct answer is:
Both cations and anions

Solution:
Ionization isomerism involves the interchange of ligands between cationic and anionic entities in a coordination compound.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
In ionization isomerism, which part of the coordination compound is affected by the isomerism?

Options:
A The central metal atom
B The ligands
C The counter ion
D The coordination number

The correct answer is:
The ligands

Solution:
Ionization isomerism involves the rearrangement of ligands within the coordination compound.

Topic: Chemistry, Coordination Compounds, NEET
In its pure state, what is the color of hydrogen peroxide?

Options:
A Dark blue
B Almost colorless (very pale blue)
C Yellow
D Green

The correct answer is:
Almost colorless (very pale blue)

Solution:
In its pure state, hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2.) is almost colorless, appearing as a very pale blue liquid.

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrogen, NEET
In IUCN Red List (2004), extinction of 784 species includes

Options:
A 338 vertebrates, 359 invertebrates and 78 plants
B 359 vertebrates, 33.8 invertebrates and 87 plants
C 338 vertebrates, 359 invertebrates and 87 plants
D 359 vertebrate, 338 invertebrates and 78 plants

The correct answer is:
338 vertebrates, 359 invertebrates and 87 plants

Solution:
IUCN is an international union for conservation of nature and it was founded in 1984. The red list contains threatened species. IUCN functions are to conserve these species. They released a document in 2004 in which 784 species were extinct. In 784,338 were vertebrates,359 were invertebrates and 87 were plants.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
In K2MnO4, the oxidation number of Manganese is:

Options:
A +2
B +4
C +5
D +7

The correct answer is:
+7

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
+7

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
In KAl(SO4)2.12 H2O, the oxidation number of Aluminum is:

Options:
A -1
B +1
C +3
D +6

The correct answer is:
+6

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
+6

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
In KI₃, the oxidation number of Iodine is:

Options:
A -1
B 0
C +1
D -2

The correct answer is:
+1

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
+1

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
In Kolbe electrolysis, what is the relationship between the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group and the hydrocarbons formed?

Options:
A Equal
B Half
C Double
D Triple

The correct answer is:
Double

Solution:
In Kolbe electrolysis, the hydrocarbons formed have double the number of carbon atoms present in the alkyl group of the carboxylic acid.

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, NEET
In Kolbe’s reaction, instead of phenol, phenoxide ion is treated with carbon dioxide. Why?

Options:
A Phenoxide ion is more readily available and stable than phenol.
B Phenoxide ion is a stronger base and can deprotonate phenol to form the nucleophilic species.
C In phenoxide ion, the ability to give a lone pair of electrons to the benzene ring is more in comparison to phenols. Therefore.the reactivity of phenoxide ion towards electrophilic substitution reaction is more in comparison to phenols.Thus, phenoxide ion being a stronger nucleophile reacts easily with CO2, (weak electrophile) than phenols in Kolbe's reaction.
D Phenoxide ion is less stable and reacts more readily with carbon dioxide to form the desired product.

The correct answer is:
In phenoxide ion, the ability to give a lone pair of electrons to the benzene ring is more in comparison to phenols. Therefore.the reactivity of phenoxide ion towards electrophilic substitution reaction is more in comparison to phenols.Thus, phenoxide ion being a stronger nucleophile reacts easily with CO2, (weak electrophile) than phenols in Kolbe's reaction.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
In phenoxide ion, the ability to give a lone pair of electrons to the benzene ring is more in comparison to phenols. Therefore.the reactivity of phenoxide ion towards electrophilic substitution reaction is more in comparison to phenols.Thus, phenoxide ion being a stronger nucleophile reacts easily with CO2, (weak electrophile) than phenols in Kolbe's reaction.

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, NEET
In Kreb's cycle, the conversion of oxalosuccinate into α- ketoglutarate involves ________ reaction.

Options:
A Oxidation
B Reduction
C Hydration
D Decarboxylation

The correct answer is:
Decarboxylation

Solution:
During Kreb's cycle, the oxalosuccinic acid loses a molecule of CO2 (decarboxylation) and as a result, Î±-ketoglutaric acid (5-carbon compound) is produced (one carbon atom has been removed in the form of CO2). In the presence of CoA, NAD+ and enzyme dehydrogenase, Î±-ketoglutaric acid is converted into Succinyl CoA (4-carbon) and one carbon is lost in the form of CO2. NAD+ is reduced to NADH.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
In Kreb's cycle, the FAD precipitates as an electron acceptor during the conversion of

Options:
A succinyl CoA to succinic acid.
B alpha- ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA.
C fumaric acid to malic acid.
D succinic acid to fumaric acid.

The correct answer is:
succinic acid to fumaric acid.

Solution:
Kreb's cycle is the aerobic process of respiration occurring in the mitochondria which helps in releasing stored energy via oxidation of acetyl-CoA. Other than helping in obtaining energy, this cycle also generates precursors to certain amino acids. One of the steps in the cycle is the formation of fumaric acid from succinic acid by oxidation process catalyzed by succinate dehydrogenase enzyme. During this step, FAD is reduced to FADH2 which later participates in the electron transport system to generate ATP. In the step of oxidative decarboxylation of alpha- ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA, NADH2 is formed.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET