datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which of the following has unpaired electron(s)?

Options:
A O 2 -
B N 2 2 +
C O 2 2 -
D N2

The correct answer is:
O 2 -

Solution:
The Molecular orbital electronic configurations are
O 2 â âÏ1 s 2 < Ï * 1 s 2 <Ï2 s 2 < Ï * 2 s 2 <Ï2 p z 2 <Ï2 p x 2 =Ï2 p y 2 < Ï * 2 p x 2 = Ï * 2 p y 1 (unpaired electron)
N 2 2+ âÏ1 s 2 < Ï * 1 s 2 <Ï2 s 2 < Ï * 2 s 2 <Ï2 p x 2 =Ï2 p y 2 <Ï2 p z 0
O 2 2â âÏ1 s 2 < Ï * 1 s 2 <Ï2 s 2 < Ï * 2 s 2 <Ï2 p z 2 <Ï2 p x 2 =Ï2 p y 2 < Ï * 2 p x 2 = Ï * 2 p y 2
N 2 âÏ1 s 2 < Ï * 1 s 2 <Ï2 s 2 < Ï * 2 s 2 <Ï2 p x 2 =Ï2 p y 2 <Ï2 p z 2

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which of the following have a highly convoluted surface to provide the additional space for more neurons?

Options:
A Spinal cord
B Corpus callosum
C Cerebellum
D Hypothalamus

The correct answer is:
Cerebellum

Solution:
The human hindbrain comprises pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata. Cerebellum has a very convoluted surface to provide additional space for more neurons.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Which of the following have been arranged in decreasing order of oxidation number of sulphur?

Options:
A H2SO4>SO2>H2S>H2S2O8
B Na2S4O6>H2S2O7>Na2S2O3>S8
C H2SO5>H2SO3>SCl2>H2
D SO22+>SO42->SO32->HSO4-

The correct answer is:
H2SO5>H2SO3>SCl2>H2

Solution:
Compound	Oxidation state

H2SO5	+6

H2SO3	+4

SCl2	+2

H2S	-2

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
Which of the following help to increase the volume of the thoracic chamber during the mechanism of breathing?

Options:
A The contraction of diaphragm the
B Contraction of external intercostal muscle
C The up lifting of sternum
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
Inspiration is initiated by the contraction of diaphragm which increases the volume of thoracic chamber in the anteroposterior axis. The contraction of external intercostal muscles lifts up the ribs and the sternum causing an increase in the volume of the thoracic chamber in the dorso-ventral axis. The overall increase in the thoracic volume causes a similar increase in pulmonary
volume.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
Which of the following helps in decreasing blood clotting time?

Options:
A Vitamin E
B Vitamin K
C Vitamin A
D Vitamin C

The correct answer is:
Vitamin K

Solution:
Correct Option is : 2
Vitamin K

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following helps in the storage of reserve materials in the cytoplasm of a bacterial cell?

Options:
A Vacuoles
B Leucoplast
C Inclusion bodies
D Polysomes

The correct answer is:
Inclusion bodies

Solution:
Bacteria is a prokaryote that has no membrane-bound organelle. It stores its reserve material in the form of inclusion bodies that are not bound by any membrane. Polysomes are observed in the bacterial cells which is a group of ribosomes bound to a single mRNA.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
Which of the following highlights a major difference between metals and nonmetals?

Options:
A Metals are typically gases, while non-metals are typically liquids.
B Metals tend to gain electrons, while non-metals tend to lose electrons.
C Metals have low electrical conductivity, while non-metals have high electrical conductivity.
D Metals have a tendency to form positive ions, while non-metals have a tendency to form negative ions.

The correct answer is:
Metals have a tendency to form positive ions, while non-metals have a tendency to form negative ions.

Solution:
Correct Option is : (D)
Metals have a tendency to form positive ions, while non-metals have a tendency to form negative ions.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
Which of the following holds true for the pachytene stage of meiotic cell division?

Options:
A This stage leads to genetic recombination, hence variations in sexually reproducing organisms.
B In this stage, the process of exchange of genetic material between sister chromatids of non- homologous chromosomes takes place.
C This stage takes place only in haploid cells of the body eg. Gametes
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
The meiotic cell division comprises two successive nuclear division the meiosis I and meiosis II. The meiosis I have four stages prophase I, metaphase 1, anaphase 1, and telophase 1. The prophase I have further been divided into five phases depending on the chromosomal behavior.
The pachytene is the third phase of the five phases where the four chromatids appear as tetrads. Crossing over between two homologous chromosomes takes place during this phase and therefore leads to the recombination of the genetic material on the two chromosomes. In this phase the exchange of genetic material between sister chromatids of non- homologous chromosomes takes place. The variations in sexually reproducing organisms are the result of this genetic recombination.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
Which of the following hormone control 24-hour diurnal cycle or rhythmic activity of human body?

Options:
A Thymosin
B Melanin
C Melatonin
D Thyroxine

The correct answer is:
Melatonin

Solution:
The pineal gland, which is a small neuroendocrine structure of human forebrain, secretes melatonin hormones which can control our 24-hours biological rhythmic activities/day-night activities/diurnal cycle or sleep-awake cycle. The pineal gland is often called a biological clock of the human body.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormone helps in water retaining in body and prevent water loss by making hypertonic urine?

Options:
A oxytocin
B ADH
C Vasopressin
D both c and d

The correct answer is:
both c and d

Solution:
The Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin or pitressin is released from hypothalamic nuclei in the case of water scarcity or excess loss of fluid from the body. ADH hormone prevent water loss by stimulating water reabsorption by renal tubule.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which of the following hormone is responsible for the release of bile from the gall bladder?

Options:
A Secretin
B Pancreozymin
C Enterogastrone
D Gastrin

The correct answer is:
Pancreozymin

Solution:
Pancreozymin is also known as Cholecystokinin which results in contraction of the gall bladder and releases stored bile into the intestine. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped, hollow structure located under the liver and on the right side of the abdomen. Its primary function is to store and concentrate bile, a yellow-brown digestive enzyme produced by the liver.
Cholecystokinin is secreted by cells of the upper small intestine. It is secreted when hydrochloric acid, amino acids, or fatty acids enters to the duodenum.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
Which of the following hormone levels will cause release of ovum (ovulation) from the Graafian follicle?

Options:
A High concentration of Progesterone
B Low concentration of LH
C Low concentration of FSH
D High concentration of Estrogen

The correct answer is:
High concentration of Estrogen

Solution:
The elevated estrogen levels act as a positive feedback mechanism by stimulating the anterior lobe of the pituitary to secrete luteinizing (LH) hormone, which initiates the next stage of the menstrual cycle. Rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle called LH surge induces the rupture of Graafian follicle and thereby the release of an ovum (ovulation).

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 1)
Which of the following hormone represent the mechanism of hormone action shown in the given diagram?

Options:
A Estrogen
B Progesterone
C FSH
D Cortisol

The correct answer is:
FSH

Solution:
Peptide hormones that interact with membrane-bound receptors normally do not enter the target cell but generate second messengers (e.g., cyclic AMP, IP3, Ca+2, etc.) which in turn regulate cellular metabolism. Examples of peptide hormones is insulin, glucagon, pituitary hormones, hypothalamic hormones, etc.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormones are involved in regulation of spermatogenesis?

Options:
A Luteinizing hormone
B Growth Hormone
C Thyroid hormones
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Luteinizing hormone

Solution:
The Luteinizing hormone is involved in regulation of spermatogenesis

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Which of the following hormones can play a significant role in osteoporosis?

Options:
A Estrogen and parathyroid hormone
B Progesterone and aldosterone
C Aldosterone and prolactin
D Parathyroid hormone and prolactin

The correct answer is:
Estrogen and parathyroid hormone

Solution:
Estrogen and parathyroid hormone play a significant role in osteoporosis. It is caused due to the deficiency of estrogen and excessive activity of parathormone. Estrogen helps to promote the activity of osteoblast they help in the formation of bone cells and inhibits osteoclast that destructs the bones. On the other hand, parathormone promotes the mobilization of calcium from bones into blood, hence causes demineralization.

The other listed hormones also contribute to osteoporosis but their effects are insignificant or very less, e.g., low level of progesterone and aldosterone causes bone loss, whereas the raised level of prolactin has been linked with osteoporosis.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET, NEET 2018
Which of the following hormones can play a significant role in osteoporosis?

Options:
A Estrogen and parathyroid hormone
B Progesterone and aldosterone
C Aldosterone and prolactin
D Parathyroid hormone and prolactin

The correct answer is:
Estrogen and parathyroid hormone

Solution:
Estrogen and parathyroid hormone play a significant role in osteoporosis. It is caused due to the deficiency of estrogen and excessive activity of parathormones. Estrogen helps to promote the activity of osteoblast they help in the formation of bone cells and inhibits osteoclast that destructs the bones. On the other hand, parathormone promotes the mobilization of calcium from bones into blood hence causes demineralization.

The other listed hormones also contribute to osteoporosis but their effects are insignificant or very less, e.g., low level of progesterone and aldosterone causes bone loss, whereas the raised level of prolactin has been linked with osteoporosis.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormones can replace vernalization?

Options:
A Auxin
B Ethylene
C Gibberellins
D Cytokinin

The correct answer is:
Gibberellins

Solution:
The stimulus of vernalization in known as vernalin. The stimulus of vernalization that induces flowering could be particular gibberellin or a mixture of gibberellins.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Which of the following hormones contains iodine?

Options:
A Insulin
B Testosterone
C Adrenaline
D Thyroxine

The correct answer is:
Thyroxine

Solution:
Thyroxine is $3,5,3,5$-tetra iodothyronine. It is secreted by follicular cells of thyroid glands. Its structure is as
Thyroxine stimulates the consumption of oxygen and thus, the metabolism of all cells or tissues in the body.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET, NEET 2009 (Screening)
Which of the following hormones is not secreted by human placenta?

Options:
A hCG
B Estrogens
C Progesterone
D LH

The correct answer is:
LH

Solution:
Placenta acts as an endocrine tissue and produces several hormones like human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), estrogens, progestogens, etc. LH is secreted by pituitary gland.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the anterior pit.

Options:
A Growth hormone
B Follicle-stimulating hormone
C Oxytocin
D Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

The correct answer is:
Oxytocin

Solution:
Option (c) is the answer.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the hypothalamus?

Options:
A Growth hormone-releasing hormone
B

Oxytocin

C Antidiuretic hormone
D Follicle stimulating hormone

The correct answer is:
Follicle stimulating hormone

Solution:
The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland releases seven hormones and follicle stimulating hormone is one of them. Oxytocin, growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH; also known as somatocrinin) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are produced by the hypothalamus and secreted into the bloodstream by the pituitary gland.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormones is produced only during pregnancy?

Options:
A Prolactin
B FSH
C hPL
D Cortisol

The correct answer is:
hPL

Solution:
The placenta acts as an endocrine tissue and produces several hormones like human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), estrogens, progestogens, etc. In the later phase of pregnancy, a hormone called relaxin is also secreted by the ovary. Let us remember that hCG, hPL and relaxin are produced in women only during pregnancy. In addition, during pregnancy, the levels of other hormones like estrogens, progestogens, cortisol, prolactin, thyroxine, etc., are increased by several folds in the maternal blood.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Which of the following hormones is produced under the condition of stress which stimulates glycogenolysis in the liver of human being?

Options:
A Thyroxin
B Insulin
C Adrenaline
D Estradiol

The correct answer is:
Adrenaline

Solution:
Adrenaline hormone is produced by adrenal glands after receiving a massage from the brain that a stressfull situation has presented itself. It is commonly known as fight or flight hormone.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET, NEET 2014
Which of the following hormones is responsible for both the milk ejection reflex and the foetal ejection reflex?

Options:
A Oestrogen
B Prolactin
C Oxytocin
D Relaxin

The correct answer is:
Oxytocin

Solution:
Oxytocin hormone is responsible for both, the milk ejection reflex and foetal ejection reflex. It is a peptide hormone normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET, NEET 2019 (Odisha)
Which of the following hormones is responsible for the excretion of sodium in urine?

Options:
A Angiotensin II
B ADH
C Aldosterone
D ANF

The correct answer is:
ANF

Solution:
Increase in blood flow to the atria of the heart → Atria releases Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) → Vasodilation (dilation of blood vessels) and excretion of sodium in urine → Decrease in blood pressure → GFR decreases.
ANF mechanism works as a check on the renin-angiotensin mechanism.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the pancreas ?

Options:
A Relaxin
B Thymosin
C Insulin
D Testosterone

The correct answer is:
Insulin

Solution:
Insulin is secreted by the pancreas

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the thymus gland?

Options:
A Thymosin
B Erythropoietin
C Relaxin
D Oestrogen

The correct answer is:
Thymosin

Solution:
Thymosin is secreted by the thymus gland

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the thyroid gland?

Options:
A Prolactin
B Growth Hormone releasing hormone
C Calcitonin
D Parathormone

The correct answer is:
Calcitonin

Solution:
Calcitonin is secreted by the Thyroid gland

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormones of the human body are not secreted by an endocrine gland?

Options:
A Parathyroid hormone
B Growth hormone
C ANF
D Thyroxine

The correct answer is:
ANF

Solution:
The atrial natriuretic factor or ANF is a peptide hormone secreted by the heart. The other hormones GH, parathyroid hormone and thyroxine are secreted by endocrine glands. These are referred to ductless glands which secrete the hormones directly into the bloodstream. The heart is not such a gland.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormones passes through "route-A" shown in the adjacent figure?

Options:
A Oxytocin and vasopressin
B TSH and prolactin
C GnRH and somatostatin
D GH and gonadotropins

The correct answer is:
GnRH and somatostatin

Solution:
GnRH neurons are diffusely distributed from the medial septum through to the medial preoptic area and control gonadal functions through the pituitary. The activity of GnRH neurons is regulated by a variety of bioactive substances, including the inhibitory peptide somatostatin.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormones pass-through "route -B" in the given figure?

Options:
A Oxytocin and vasopressin
B TSH and prolactin
C GnRH and somatostatin
D GH and gonadotropins

The correct answer is:
Oxytocin and vasopressin

Solution:
The hypothalamus is an important part of the brain with many functions. Neurons of the hypothalamus synthesize and secrete two hormones, antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin. The cell bodies of these neurons are found in two nuclei of the hypothalamus and have axons that descend along a thin stalk of tissue called the infundibulum and end in the posterior pituitary gland. The hormones are released at the axon terminals, diffuse into the capillaries, and are distributed throughout the body in the bloodstream.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormones plays a very important role in the regulation of diurnal rhythm of our body?

Options:
A Melatonin
B ADH
C Gonadotropin
D Androgen

The correct answer is:
Melatonin

Solution:
Melatonin is created by the pineal gland in the brain. In a healthy, normally functioning individual, melatonin is released in a rhythmic cycle, with more melatonin produced at night when the light entering the eyes starts to diminish. The bloodstream carries it to the different areas of the body, where receptors pick up the melatonin to signal the need for sleep.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following hormones plays an important role in seed maturation?

Options:
A ABA
B Ethylene
C Cytokinin
D Auxin

The correct answer is:
Ethylene

Solution:
Ethylene is an important hormone which regulates the maturation and ripening of different plant parts. It is also called as fruit ripening hormone, as it causes ripening of fruits and also maturation of seeds.

Topic: Biology, Plant - Growth and Development, NEET
Which of the following hormones stimulates RBC formation and is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney in response to hypoxia?

Options:
A Calcitrol
B Renin
C Erythropoietin
D All of these

The correct answer is:
Erythropoietin

Solution:
The interstitial pericytes present in the cortex of kidneys produce erythropoietin (EPO) in response to hypoxia. This stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination, NEET
Which of the following hotspot not present in India?

Options:
A Western ghat and Srilanka
B The Himalaya
C Eastern ghat
D Indo-Burma

The correct answer is:
Eastern ghat

Solution:
There are three hotspots in India - Western ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo - Burma, and Himalaya - cover our country's exceptionally high biodiversity regions. The Eastern Ghats is not a hot spot.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET
Which of the following human was first to start cave paintings and domestication of animals?

Options:
A Homo erectus
B Australopithecus
C Cro- magnon man
D Heidelberg man

The correct answer is:
Cro- magnon man

Solution:
The first fossils of early modern humans to be identified were found in 1868 at the 27,000-23,000-year-old Cro-Magnon rock shelter site near the village of Les Eyzies and subsequently named the Cro-Magnon. Males were 5 feet 4 inches to 6 feet tall. Their skeletons and musculature generally were less massive than the Neanderthals. The Cro-Magnon had broad, small faces with pointed chins and high foreheads. Their cranial capacities were up to 1590 cm3, which is relatively large even for people today. These men are the first to start cave paintings and domestication of animals.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET
Which of the following hybridisation represent square planar molecules?

Options:
A Sp3d
B Sp3d2
C d2sp3
D dsp2

The correct answer is:
dsp2

Solution:
Correct Option is : 4
dsp2

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which of the following hydride have banana bonds?

Options:
A CaH2
B B2H6
C Na H
D SiH4

The correct answer is:
B2H6

Solution:
Correct Option is : 2
B2H6

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
Which of the following hydrogen bond is strongest in vapour phase?

Options:
A HF.........HF
B HF...........HCl
C HCl...........HCl
D HI..........HF

The correct answer is:
HI..........HF

Solution:
atom which is associated with H should be more electronegative so positive charge ↑ on H -atom & atom which is lone pair donor should be less electronegative so, that it can donate lone pair

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
Which of the following ideal gases has higher value of average kinetic energy per mole at the same temperature - N2, CO2, O2?

Options:
A N2
B CO2
C O2
D All have equal value of KE

The correct answer is:
All have equal value of KE

Solution:
Average kinetic energy per mole of the gas is independent of nature of gas and is as,
KEav=32RT (per mole)
and KEavâT
Since, T= constant
Thus, value of KE is also equal for all gases.

Topic: Chemistry, States of Matter, NEET
Which of the following illustrations supports the statement that a compound of higher oxidation state is formed if the oxidizing agent is in excess?

Options:
A 2FeCl₃ + SnCl₂ → 2FeCl₂ + SnCl₄
B 2KMnO₄ + 3H₂SO₄ + 5C₂H₅OH → 2MnSO₄ + K₂SO₄ + 8H₂O + 5CH₃COOH
C 2CuO + C → 2Cu + CO₂
D 2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂

The correct answer is:
2KMnO₄ + 3H₂SO₄ + 5C₂H₅OH → 2MnSO₄ + K₂SO₄ + 8H₂O + 5CH₃COOH

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
2KMnO₄ + 3H₂SO₄ + 5C₂H₅OH → 2MnSO₄ + K₂SO₄ + 8H₂O + 5CH₃COOH

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
Which of the following illustrations supports the statement that a compound of lower oxidation state is formed if the reducing agent is in excess?

Options:
A 2FeCl₃ + SnCl₂ → 2FeCl₂ + SnCl₄
B 2KMnO₄ + 3H₂SO₄ + 5C₂H₅OH → 2MnSO₄ + K₂SO₄ + 8H₂O + 5CH₃COOH
C 2CuO + C → 2Cu + CO₂
D 2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂

The correct answer is:
2FeCl₃ + SnCl₂ → 2FeCl₂ + SnCl₄

Solution:
Correct Option is : (A)
2FeCl₃ + SnCl₂ → 2FeCl₂ + SnCl₄

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, NEET
Which of the following immune responses is responsible for the rejection of kidney graft?

Options:
A Auto-immune response
B Humoral immune response
C Inflammatory immune response
D Cell-mediated immune response

The correct answer is:
Cell-mediated immune response

Solution:
Transplantation of organs between genetically different individuals of the same species causes a T cell-mediated immune response that, if left unchecked, results in rejection and graft destruction.

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2019 (All India)
Which of the following immunoglobulins does constitute the largest percentage in human milk?

Options:
A IgM
B IgA
C IgG
D IgD

The correct answer is:
IgA

Solution:
IgG: Smallest antibody. Only antibody that move through placenta and provide passive immunity in foetus. It occurs in form of monomer.
IgA: Only antibody that move through colostrum and provide passive immunity in infants. It occurs in form of dimer.
IgM: Largest antibody. It occurs in form of pentamer. Hence, a single antibody can negate the effect of 10 antigens.
IgD: Very rare form of antibody. It occurs in form of monomer.
IgE: It is responsible for inducing allergic reactions and hypersensitivity

Topic: Biology, Human Health and Diseases, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)