datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
Which of the following statements suggest the reason for the skin of humans to not perform as the respiratory organ?

(I) It is dry

(II) It is not thick

(III) It is not permeable to water and gases

(IV) It shows pigmentation

Options:
A All except III
B All except IV
C All except I and III
D All except I and IV

The correct answer is:
All except IV

Solution:
Skin is the largest organ in our body which acts as a protective organ. Our skin is not permeable to water and gases for proper exchange. Human skin is not moist which is required to promote diffusion and the skin is multilayered with tightly packed cells. Think layer of membrane is required for smooth diffusion of gases which is absent in our skin.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Which of the following statements support the view that an elaborate sexual reproductive process appeared much later in the organic evolution.

i. Lower groups of organisms have simpler body design.
ii. Asexual reproduction is common in lower groups.
iii. Asexual reproduction is common in higher groups of organisms.
iv. The high incidence of sexual reproduction is observed in angiosperms and vertebrates.

Choose the correct answer from the options.

Options:
A i, ii and iii
B i, iv and iii
C i, ii and iv
D ii, iv and iii

The correct answer is:
i, ii and iv

Solution:
Elaborate sexual reproductive process appeared much later in the organic evolution because:
• Lower groups of organisms have simpler body design.
• Asexual reproduction is common in lower groups of organisms.
• High incidence of sexual reproduction is observed in angiosperms and vertebrates.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET
Which of the following statements with regard to photosynthesis is/are correct?

I. In C3 plants, the primary CO2 acceptor is RuBP.
II. In the photosynthetic process, PS-II absorbs energy at or just below 680 nm.
III. The chlorophyll-a that is present in the photosystem-I has absorption maxima at 680nm.

Options:
A II and III only
B I only
C III only
D I and II only

The correct answer is:
I and II only

Solution:
In C3 plants, the primary carbon dioxide acceptor is RuBP.
In the light reaction of photosynthesis, PS-II absorbs energy at or just below 680 nm, while PS-I absorbs energy at 700 nm.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
Which of the following statements with respect to the endoplasmic reticulum is incorrect?

Options:
A SER is devoid of ribosomes
B In prokaryotes only RER are present
C SER are the sites for lipid synthesis
D RER has ribosomes attached to ER

The correct answer is:
In prokaryotes only RER are present

Solution:
Presence of membranous organelles is an exclusive property of eukaryotic cells.

Endoplasmic reticulum is an example of membranous organelles, so, it will always be found in eukaryotic cells only and never in the prokaryotes.

This is true for SER and RER both.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET, NEET 2022 (Phase 1)
Which of the following statements wrongly represents the nature of smooth muscle?

Options:
A These muscle have no striations
B They are involuntary muscles
C Communication among the cells is performed by intercalated discs
D These muscles are present in the wall of blood vessels

The correct answer is:
Communication among the cells is performed by intercalated discs

Solution:
The smooth muscles are involuntary muscles with a single and centrally located nucleus. The shape of these cells is spindle-shaped and lacks striations. Cardiac muscle cells have intercalated discs that are connected to each other for communications.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET, NEET 2021
Which of the following STDs are not completely curable?

Options:
A Genital herpes
B Hepatitis-B
C AIDS
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
Except for hepatitis-B, genital herpes, and HIV infections, other diseases are completely curable if detected early and treated properly.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following STDs are not curable?

Options:
A Genital herpes, Hepatitis B, HIV infection
B Chlamydiasis, Syphilis, Genital warts
C HIV, Gonorrhoea, Trichomoniasis
D Gonorrhoea, Trichomoniasis, Hepatitis B

The correct answer is:
Genital herpes, Hepatitis B, HIV infection

Solution:
Except for viral STDs like genital herpes, hepatitis-B, and HIV infections, other STDs are completely curable if they are detected at an early stage and are treated properly.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET, NEET 2020 (Phase 2)
Which of the following STDs cannot be treated with antibiotics?

(i) Gonorrhoea (ii) Syphilis (iii) Chlamydia (iv) Genital herpes

Options:
A (iv) only
B (ii) and (iv)
C (iii) and (iv)
D (iii) only

The correct answer is:
(iv) only

Solution:
Sexually transmitted diseases or infections caused by bacteria can be treated while viral infections can just be managed and not cured. A single dose of antibiotic can cure STDs like gonorrhoea, syphilis, chlamydia. However, diseases such as Genital Herpes or HIV can be managed only with anti-viral drugs. These drugs cannot cure the infection but only limit the length and severity of outbreaks. Further, it can reduce the likelihood of transmission of the disease.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following step of the translation process does not consume a high energy phosphate bond?

Options:
A Translocation
B Amino acid activation
C Peptidyl transferase reaction
D Aminoacyl tRNA binding to A-site

The correct answer is:
Peptidyl transferase reaction

Solution:
Protein synthesis or translation consists of ribosomes, amino acids, mRNA, tRNAs and aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. The ribosomes have two binding sites namely aminoacyl site or A-site and peptide site or P-site. The starting amino acid methionine lies at the P-site of the ribosome. The next incoming tRNA is called amino acyl tRNA, it is bound to A-site. A peptide bond is formed between COOH group of the t-RNA at P-site and NH, group of aminoacyl t-RNA. This is facilitated by the enzyme peptidyl transferase and does not require high energy phosphate bonds.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which of the following step of translation does not consume a high energy phosphate bond or ATP?

Options:
A Peptidyl transferase reaction
B Aminoacyl tRNA binding to Asite
C Translocation
D Amino acid activation

The correct answer is:
Peptidyl transferase reaction

Solution:
During translation first amino acid methionine lies at the Psite of the ribosome. The next incoming tRNA is called amino acyl tRNA, it is bound to Asite. A peptide bond is formed between COOH group of the tRNA at Psite and NH2 group of aminoacyl tRNA. This is facilitated by the enzyme peptidyl transferase and does not require high energy phosphate bonds.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which of the following steps are catalysed by Taq DNA polymerase in a PCR reaction?

Options:
A Denaturation of template DNA
B Annealing of primers to template DNA
C Extension of primer end on the template DNA
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
Extension of primer end on the template DNA

Solution:
The enzyme extends the primers using the nucleotides provided in the reaction and the genomic DNA as template.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Which of the following steps are catalysed by Taq polymerase in a PCR reaction?

Options:
A Denaturation of template DNA
B Annealing of primers to template DNA
C Extension of primer end on template DNA
D All of the above.

The correct answer is:
Extension of primer end on template DNA

Solution:
Polymerase chain reaction consists of three steps : Denaturation, Annealing and extension. Enzyme Taq DNA polymerase is used to catalyses addition of DNA nucleotides at 3' end of primer thus causing extension of complementary strand on template DNA.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes, NEET
Which of the following steps during glycolysis is associated with utilization of ATP?

Options:
A Glucose → Glucose-6-phosphate
B Fructose-6-phosphate → Fructose-1, 6-biphosphate
C PEP → Pyruvic acid
D Both A and B

The correct answer is:
Both A and B

Solution:
Glycolysis is the process of breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism. It takes place in the cytosol of a cell. Pyruvic acid is the key product of the process of glycolysis. 1 molecule of Glucose (6C) undergoes phosphorylation with the help of ATP to form 1 molecule Glucose-6-phosphate (6C) in the presence of enzyme Hexokinase and Magnesium ions as cofactor.
1 molecule of Fructose-6-phosphate (6C) undergoes phosphorylation with the help of ATP to form 1 molecule of Fructose 1,6-diphosphate (6C) in the presence of enzyme Phosphor-fructo-kinase and Magnesium ions as cofactor.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Which of the following steps in transcription is catalysed by RNA polymerase?

Options:
A Initiation
B Elongation
C Termination
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
Elongation

Solution:
Rna polymerase elongates a rna strand during transcription.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which of the following steps is involved in the calculation of the lattice enthalpy of NaCl?

Options:
A Formation of NaCl from sodium and chlorine atoms.
B Sublimation of sodium metal.
C Dissociation of sodium chloride in water.
D Ionization of chlorine gas.

The correct answer is:
Sublimation of sodium metal.

Solution:
The calculation of the lattice enthalpy of NaCl involves various steps, including the sublimation of sodium metal.

Topic: Chemistry, Thermodynamics (C), NEET
Which of the following steps of aerobic respiration is amphibolic?

Options:
A Glycolysis
B Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate
C TCA cycle
D Oxidative phosphorylation

The correct answer is:
TCA cycle

Solution:
Respiration is part of the metabolic process where the nutrients are converted into useful energy for regular cell activities. It is in two mode depending on presence or absence of oxygen. Aerobic respiration is the one where oxygen is involved and anaerobic respiration is the process where oxygen is absent.
TCA cycle or Kreb's cycle of respiration process is considered amphibolic because it has both anabolic and catabolic processes. In this pathway, there is catabolism of the glycolysis end product - pyruvate to produce ATPs. Also, there is anabolic process as well where intermediates like the oxaloacetic acid is used for synthesis of macromolecules constituents like amino acids.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants, NEET
Which of the following STIs can be transmitted by sharing of injection needles or transfusion of blood?

Options:
A Trichomoniasis
B Genital herpes
C Hepatitis:B
D Genital warts

The correct answer is:
Hepatitis:B

Solution:
Some STIs like hepatitis:B and HIV can also be transmitted by sharing of injection needles, surgical instruments, etc, with infected persons, transfusion of blood, or from an infected mother to the fetus too.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following STIs is not curable?

Options:
A Genital herpes
B Chlamydiasis
C HIV
D Gonorrhoea

The correct answer is:
HIV

Solution:
Except for hepatitis:B, genital herpes, and HIV infections, other STIs are completely curable if detected early and treated properly.

Topic: Biology, Reproductive Health, NEET
Which of the following strategies is not a correct approach to reduce global warming?

Options:
A Reducing the green-house gas emission by limiting the use of fossil fuels.
B Increase the vegetation cover particularly the forest for photosynthetic utilization of CO2.
C Minimising the use of nitrogen fertilizers, in agriculture for reducing NO2 emission.
D Increasing the use of air conditioners, refrigeration units, and production of plastic.

The correct answer is:
Increasing the use of air conditioners, refrigeration units, and production of plastic.

Solution:
Global warming is the warming/ heating up of the earth's atmosphere due to depletion of 'ozone' in the stratosphere. Major pollutants responsible for this depletion are chlorofluoro carbons (CFCs), nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons.
CFCs are widely used as coolants in air conditioners and refrigerators, cleaning solvents, aerosol propellants and in foam insulation. It is also used in fire extinguishing equipments. On escaping to the stratosphere, it cause depletion or thinning of protective ozone layer. It results in direct and indirect harmful effects leading to temperature changes and rainfall failures on earth.
So, decreasing the use of air conditioners, jet planes, green house gases, etc, or developing the substitutes for CFCs can be able to reduce global warming.

Topic: Biology, Environmental Issues, NEET
Which of the following structure is centre for body temperature, thirst and appetite?

Options:
A Hypothalamus
B Cerebral cortex
C Thalamus
D Piamater

The correct answer is:
Hypothalamus

Solution:
Functions of hypothalamus :
1. It is centre for body temperature, urge for eating and drinking.
2. It possess several groups of neurosecretory cells which secrete hormones called hypothalamic hormones.
3. Hypothalamus and inner parts of cerebral hemispheres alongwith a group of associated deep structures like amygdala, hippocampus, etc form a complex structure - limbic lobe or limbic system.
Limbic system is involved in the regulation of sexual behaviour, expression of emotional reactions (e.g. pleasure, rage excitement and fear) and motivation.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Which of the following structure is connected with double ventral nerve cord in Periplaneta americana?

Options:
A Supra-pharyngeal ganglion
B Sub-oesophageal ganglion
C Sub-pharyngeal ganglion
D Supra-oesophageal ganglion

The correct answer is:
Sub-oesophageal ganglion

Solution:
In Cockroach, the brain is represented by Supra-oesophageal ganglion whereas from Sub-oesophageal ganglion double ventral nerve cord originates having nine segmentally arranged ganglia arise on ventral side of thorax and abdomen.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Which of the following structure is not found in a prokaryotic cell?

Options:
A Ribosome
B Mesosome
C Plasma membrane
D Nuclear envelope

The correct answer is:
Nuclear envelope

Solution:
A true nucleus is absent in a prokaryotic cell. Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles or other internal membrane-bound structures. Therefore, they do not have a nucleus. Instead, they generally have a single chromosome, a piece of circular, double-stranded DNA located in an area of the cell called the nucleoid.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET, NEET 2015 (Phase 2)
Which of the following structure is similar to graphite?

Options:
A $\mathrm{BN}$
B $\mathrm{B}$
C $\mathrm{B}_4 \mathrm{C}$
D $\mathrm{B}_2 \mathrm{H}_6$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{BN}$

Solution:
Boron nitride, $(\mathrm{BN})_x$ resembles with graphite in structure as

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET, NEET 2013 (All India)
Which of the following structure is simillar to graphite?

Options:
A B
B B4C
C B2H6
D BN

The correct answer is:
BN

Solution:
(BN)x is inorganic graphite with graphite like structure.

Boron, B2H6 (Diborane) and B4C (Norbide) has different structures than graphite.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
Which of the following structure is/are not present in the male genital part of a cockroach?

(i) Ejaculatory duct (ii) Vasa differentia (iii) Seminal vesicle (iv)Vestibulum (v) Phallomere

Options:
A i, ii, iii, iv, v
B i, iii only
C Only iv
D i, iii, iv, v

The correct answer is:
Only iv

Solution:
The male reproductive system of cockroach consists of a pair of testes, vasa deferentia, ejaculatory duct, phallic duct and external genitalia. The genital pouch of female cockroach is made up of two parts. The anterior small part and posterior large part. Anterior part is known as genital chamber and posterior part is known as oothecal chamber or vestibulum.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
Which of the following structure of ribosome acts as an enzyme-ribozyme for the formation of peptide bond?

Options:
A Small subunit
B Large subunit
C 80 different proteins
D 23S rRNA

The correct answer is:
23S rRNA

Solution:
23S rRNA in bacteria acts as an enzyme-ribozyme for the formation of peptide bond.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
Which of the following structure of the female reproductive system can be taken as homologous to the scrotal sac of the male?

Options:
A Mons pubis
B Labia majora
C Bulbourethral gland
D Forchette

The correct answer is:
Labia majora

Solution:
The external genitalia in females is known as the vulva. It consists of labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, mons pubis, the vestibule and vestibular glands. Labia majora is the pair of fleshy folds that extends from mons pubis to perineum. It is homologous to the male scrotum as both develop from same embryological tissue known as labioscrotal swellings.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Which of the following structure receives and integrates with visual, tactile and auditory inputs?

Options:
A Cerebellum
B Pons
C Mid brain
D Medulla

The correct answer is:
Mid brain

Solution:
Theâ¯midbrainâ¯orâ¯mesencephalon is a portion of the central nervous system associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal and temperature regulation.

The principal regions of the midbrain are theâ¯tectum, theâ¯cerebral aqueduct, tegmentum andâ¯cerebral peduncle.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Which of the following structures contains groups of neurosecretory cells?

Options:
A Hypothalamus
B Cerebral cortex
C Thalamus
D Piamater

The correct answer is:
Hypothalamus

Solution:
They are special types of neurons of the hypothalamus in the brain. They are endocrine in function and secrete neurohormones which are carried by the blood of the hypophyseal portal system to the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and stimulate the secretion of their trophic hormones, e.g., TSH, STH, FSH, LH, ACTH, etc.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following structures has the highest concentration of cone cells?

Options:
A Blind spot
B Fovea
C Aqueous chamber
D Vitreous chamber

The correct answer is:
Fovea

Solution:
Everyone has a spot in their retina where the optic nerve connects. In this area, there are no light-sensitive cells so this part of your retina can't see. This is the blind spot. At the posterior pole of the eye lateral to the blind spot, there is a yellowish pigmented spot called macula lutea with a central pit called the fovea. The fovea is a thinned-out portion of the retina where only the cones are densely packed. It is the point where the visual acuity (resolution) is the greatest.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Which of the following structures help in the absorption of fats through lymph?

Options:
A Lacteals of intestinal villi
B Bile salts in the liver
C Bile acids in the stomach.
D Chylomicrons

The correct answer is:
Lacteals of intestinal villi

Solution:
Lymph is a colourless fluid containing specialised lymphocytes which are responsible for the immune responses of the body. Lymph is also an important carrier for nutrients, hormones, etc. Fats are absorbed through lymph in the lacteals present in the intestinal villi.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
Which of the following structures in humans is an important neuroendocrine link to control and coordinate the activities of hormones?

Options:
A Cerebrum
B Cerebellum
C Hypothalamus
D Medulla oblongata

The correct answer is:
Hypothalamus

Solution:
Hypothalamus is present at the basal part of diencephalon of human forebrain. It contains several groups of neuro-secretory cells called nuclei which produces hormones. Some neurons of hypothalamus secrete hormones to control pituitary gland.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
Which of the following structures is a D-aldotetrose that gives a meso diacid upon oxidation with dilute aq. HNO3?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:
Option D is in L-configuration. So, it cannot be the right answer.

Topic: Chemistry, Biomolecules, NEET
Which of the following structures is associated with biggest jump between the second and third ionization energy?

Options:
A 1s22s22p63s1
B 1s22s22p5
C 1s22s22p6
D 1s22s22p63s23p2

The correct answer is:
1s22s22p63s23p2

Solution:
1s22s22p63s23p2 is Si (IV group element).
In this case, first two electrons are to be removed from 3p orbitals and the third electron is removed from fully-filled 3s orbital so third ionization energy will be very high.

Topic: Chemistry, Structure of Atom, NEET
Which of the following structures is homologous to the wing of a bird?

Options:
A Dorsal fin of a shark
B Wing of a moth
C Hind limb of rabbit
D Flipper of whale

The correct answer is:
Flipper of whale

Solution:
When two or more organs or structures are basically similar to each other in construction but are modified to perform different functions, they are said to be serially homologous. Flipper of the whale is homologous to the wing of a bird.

Topic: Biology, Evolution, NEET, NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
Which of the following structures is not filled with endolymph?

Options:
A Utriculus
B Tympanic cavity
C Sacculus
D Semicircular canal

The correct answer is:
Tympanic cavity

Solution:
Endolymph is the fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The membranous labyrinth is contained within the bony labyrinth, and within the membranous labyrinth is a fluid called endolymph. Utriculus, Sacculus and Semicircular canal are filled with endolymph, whereas the tympanic cavity is an air-filled cavity.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Which of the following structures is present in the diencephalon?

Options:
A Cerebral cortex
B Cerebral lobes
C Hypothalamus
D Medulla oblongata

The correct answer is:
Hypothalamus

Solution:
The central nervous system is divided into the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is divided into forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. The forebrain is divided into cerebrum and diencephalon. Diencephalon encloses the third ventricle and it consists of epithalamus (roof of third ventricle), hypothalamus (floor of ventricle) and thalamus (sides of third ventricle).

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
Which of the following structures is responsible for the release of sperm in the lumen of seminiferous tubules?

Options:
A Sertoli cells
B Spermatogonia
C Leydig cell
D Oogonial cells

The correct answer is:
Sertoli cells

Solution:
The supporting cells (Sertoli cells) are located within the seminiferous tubules. Their task is the creation of a blood-testicular barrier. Sertoli cells sit on a basal membrane.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Which of the following structures of seminiferous tubule is responsible for the release of androgen hormones and are stimulated by the action of luteinizing hormone?

Options:
A Sertoli cells
B Spermatogonia
C Leydig cell
D Oogonial cells

The correct answer is:
Leydig cell

Solution:
A hormone made in the pituitary gland. In females, it acts on the ovaries to make follicles release their eggs and to make hormones that get the uterus ready for a fertilized egg to be implanted. In males, it acts on the testes to cause cells to grow and make testosterone. Also called LH, ICSH, luteinizing hormone, and lutropin.

Topic: Biology, Human Reproduction, NEET
Which of the following structures of the human brain contains neurosecretory cells to produce hormones?

Options:
A Adenohypophysis
B Neurohypophysis
C Hypothalamus
D Sellaturcica

The correct answer is:
Hypothalamus

Solution:
Hypothalamus is present at the basal part of diencephalon and is an important neuro-endocrine structure. It contains several groups of neurosecretory cells called nuclei which produces neuro-hormones.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET