datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
What are the fundamental properties of an element?

Options:
A Atomic number and mass
B Atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, and valence
C Chemical reactivity and metallic character
D Transition metals and main group elements

The correct answer is:
Atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, and valence

Solution:
The fundamental properties are atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, and valence.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
What are the hormones produced by Leydig cells in the testes?

Options:
A Estrogens
B Progestogens
C Androgens
D Corticoids

The correct answer is:
Androgens

Solution:
Leydig cells or interstitial cells produce a group of hormones called androgens, mainly testosterone.

Topic: Biology, Chemical Coordination and Integration, NEET
What are the main characteristics used to identify the order Polymoniales among plants?

Options:
A Floral characters
B Vegetative characters
C Reproductive characters
D Both floral and reproductive characters

The correct answer is:
Floral characters

Solution:
Plant families like Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae are included in the order Polymoniales

Topic: Biology, The Living World, NEET
What are the main components of a DNA molecule as described in the Double-helix structure?

Options:
A Nitrogenous bases and sugar-phosphate
B Hydrogen bonds and nitrogenous bases
C Nitrogenous bases and H-bonds
D Sugar-phosphate and Hydrogen bonds

The correct answer is:
Nitrogenous bases and sugar-phosphate

Solution:
The Double-helix structure of DNA is made up of two polynucleotide chains, where the backbone is constituted by sugar-phosphate, and the nitrogenous bases project inside.

Topic: Biology, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, NEET
What are the main components of photosynthesis?

Options:
A Glucose and starch
B Mesophyll cells and chloroplasts
C Light reaction and carbon fixing reactions
D Antenna and reaction center chlorophylls

The correct answer is:
Light reaction and carbon fixing reactions

Solution:
Photosynthesis has two stages, the light reaction and the carbon fixing reactions, which take place in different parts of the chloroplasts in the mesophyll cells of leaves.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
What are the main components of the cell membrane?

Options:
A Lipids and carbohydrates
B Proteins and carbohydrates
C Lipids and proteins
D Carbohydrates and water

The correct answer is:
Carbohydrates and water

Solution:
The cell membrane is mainly composed of lipids and proteins.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
What are the main components of the cell wall in algae?

Options:
A Cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins, and proteins
B Cellulose, galactans, mannans, and minerals like calcium carbonate
C Calcium pectate and proteins
D Hemicellulose, pectins, and minerals like calcium carbonate

The correct answer is:
Cellulose, galactans, mannans, and minerals like calcium carbonate

Solution:
The cell wall in algae is made of cellulose, galactans, mannans, and minerals like calcium carbonate. These components give the cell wall strength and rigidity.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life, NEET
What are the main components of the epidermal tissue system?

Options:
A Epidermal cells
B Stomata
C Epidermal appendages
D All of the above

The correct answer is:
All of the above

Solution:
The epidermal tissue system is made up of epidermal cells, stomata, and the epidermal appendages, which include trichomes and hairs. All three components work together to protect the plant and regulate water loss through the stomata.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
What are the main components of the shoot system of a flowering plant?

Options:
A Stems and leaves
B Roots and fruits
C Flowers and fruits
D Roots and stems

The correct answer is:
Stems and leaves

Solution:
The shoot system of a flowering plant consists of the stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. The roots are part of the root system and are located underground.

Topic: Biology, Morphology of Flowering Plants, NEET
What are the main conditions that must be met for hybridisation to take place?

Options:
A Promotion of electrons and half-filled orbitals.
B Almost equal energy of orbitals and promotion of electrons.
C Filled orbitals and significant energy difference.
D Filled orbitals and half-filled orbitals.

The correct answer is:
Almost equal energy of orbitals and promotion of electrons.

Solution:
The main conditions for hybridisation are that the orbitals undergoing hybridisation should have almost equal energy, and promotion of electrons is not an essential condition.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, NEET
What are the main constituents of Dettol?

Options:
A Chlorine and hydrogen peroxide
B Chloroxylenol and terpineol
C Iodine and alcohol
D Ammonia and bleach

The correct answer is:
Chloroxylenol and terpineol

Solution:
Correct Option is : (B)
Chloroxylenol and terpineol

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, NEET
What are the main constituents of dettol?

Options:

None

Solution:
Chloroxylenol and \(\alpha\)-terpineol in a suitable solvent.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life
What are the main determinants of movement of molecules in a plant cell?

Options:
A The tonoplast and the cell wall
B The cell membrane and the tonoplast
C The cell wall and the vacuolar sap
D The cell membrane and the vacuole

The correct answer is:
The cell membrane and the tonoplast

Solution:
The cell membrane and the membrane of the vacuole (tonoplast) are the main determinants of movement of molecules in or out of the cell in a plant cell.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
What are the main function of RBCs in the blood?

Options:
A Transport of respiratory gases
B Destruction of pathogens
C Regulate osmotic balance
D Clotting of blood

The correct answer is:
Transport of respiratory gases

Solution:
RBCs are responsible for the transport of respiratory gases due to the presence of haemoglobin, a complex protein containing iron, which gives them their red color.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
What are the main functions of the trichomes found in the shoot system of plants?

Options:
A To absorb water and minerals from the soil
B To prevent water loss due to transpiration
C To provide structural support for the plant
D To produce and secrete substances for the plant

The correct answer is:
To prevent water loss due to transpiration

Solution:
The trichomes found in the shoot system of plants are usually multicellular and can be branched or unbranched, soft or stiff. They help in preventing water loss due to transpiration by reducing the surface area of the plant exposed to the air. They may also be secretory, producing and secreting substances for the plant, but this is not their main function. Root hairs, on the other hand, are unicellular elongations of the epidermal cells and help absorb water and minerals from the soil.

Topic: Biology, Anatomy of Flowering Plants, NEET
What are the main processes of urine formation?

Options:

None

Solution:
Urine formation includes glomerular filtration (ultra filteration), selective reabsorption and tubular secretion that occurs in different parts of the nephron.
Glomerular filteration is carried out by glomerulus and is involve the filteration of blood.
Selective reabsorption is the absorption of filtrate through renal tubules either activity or passively.
Tubular secretin involves secretion through tubular cells in urine in order to maintain ionic and acid-base balance of body fluids.

Topic: Biology, Excretory Products and their Elimination
What are the main sources of pathogens in water?

Options:
A Industrial waste
B Animal excreta and domestic sewage
C Chemical fertilizers
D Pesticides

The correct answer is:
Animal excreta and domestic sewage

Solution:
Pathogens, which are disease-causing agents, primarily enter water from sources like animal excreta and domestic sewage.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, NEET
What are the main steps in aerobic respiration? Where does it take place?

Options:

None

Solution:
In aerobic respiration which takes place within the mitochondria, the final product of glycolysis, pyruvate is transported from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria.
The crucial events in aerobic respiration are:
The complete oxidation of pyruvate by the stepwise removal of all the hydrogen atoms, leaving three molecules of $\mathrm{CO}_2$.
- The passing on of the electrons removed as part of the hydrogen atoms to molecular $\mathrm{O}_2$ with simultaneous synthesis of ATP.
- The first process takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria while the second process is located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
- Pyruvate, which is formed by the glycolytic catabolism of carbohydrates in the cytosol, after it enters mitochondrial matrix undergoes oxidative decarboxylation by a complex set of reactions catalysed by pyruvic dehydrogenase. The reactions catalysed by pyruvic dehydrogenase require the participation of several coenzymes, including $\mathrm{NAD}^{+}$and Conzyme A.
During this process, two molecules of NADH are produced from the metabolism of two molecules of pyruvic acid (produced from one glucose molecule during glycolysis). The acetyl CoA then enters a cyclic pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle, more commonly called as Krebs' cycle.

Topic: Biology, Respiration in Plants
What are the major causes of water pollution? Explain.

Options:

None

Solution:
The main causes for pollution in water are:
(i) Sewage and domestic wastes causes pathogens which are disease causing bacteria and also result in gastro-intestinal diseases.
(ii) The industrial effluents contain toxic and hazardous chemicals cause lead poisoning, kidney damage, etc.
(iii) The agricultural discharge includes fertilizers, pesticides, etc., causing harm to men and animals.
(iv) Siltation produces turbidity in water thereby hindering the free movement of aquatic organisms and their growth and productivity.
(v) The thermal pollutants increase the temperature of water adversely affecting the aquatic lives present in them.
(vi) The radioactive discharge from nuclear reactors are highly hazardous.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry
What are the modes of exchange of gases ( O2 and CO2 ) at the level of alveoli and tissues respectively?

Options:
A Active transport, active transport
B Diffusion, diffusion
C Diffusion, active transport
D Active transport, diffusion

The correct answer is:
Diffusion, diffusion

Solution:
Exchange of gases in the human body occurs at mainly two sites-
1. Alveoli (between atmospheric air and blood) - Primary sites for the exchange of gases.
2. Between blood and tissues.
At both the above sites, O2 and CO2 are exchanged by simple diffusion.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
What are the organic products formed in the following reaction
$\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_3-\mathrm{COO}-\mathrm{CH}_3 \xrightarrow[2 . \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}]{1 . \mathrm{LiAlH}_4}$

Options:
A $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_3-\mathrm{COOH}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_4$
B $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{OH}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_4$
C $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{CH}_3$ and $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{OH}$
D $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{OH}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{OH}$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{OH}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{OH}$

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, JEE Main
What are the oxidation number of the underlined elements in each of the following and how do you rationalise your results ?
(a) \(\mathrm{K}_3\)
(b) \(\mathrm{H}_2 \underline{\mathrm{S}}_4 \mathrm{O}_6\)
(c) \(\mathrm{Fe}_3 \mathrm{O}_4\)
(d) \(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}\)
(e) \(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH}\)

Options:

None

Solution:
(a) \(\overline{\mathrm{In}} \mathrm{KI}_3\), since the oxidation number of \(\mathrm{K}\) is \(+1\), therefore, the average oxidation number of iodine \(=-1 / 3\).
But the oxidation number cannot be fractional.
Therefore, we must consider its structure, \(\mathrm{K}^{+}[\mathrm{I}-\mathrm{I} \longleftarrow \mathrm{I}]^{-}\).
Here, a coordinate bond is formed between \(\mathrm{I}_2\) molecule and \(\mathrm{I}^{-}\)ion.
The oxidation number of two iodine atoms forming the \(\mathrm{I}_2\) molecule is zero while that of iodine forming the coordinate bond is \(-1\).
(b) By conventional method, \(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}_4 \mathrm{O}_6\) \(2(+1)+4 x+6(-2)=0\) or \(x=+2.5\) (wrong) But it is wrong because all the four \(\mathrm{S}\) atoms cannot be in the same oxidation state.
By chemical bonding method. the structure of \(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}_4 \mathrm{O}_6\) is shown below:
The O.N. of each of the S-atoms linked with each other in the middle is zero while that of each of remaining two \(\mathrm{S}\)-atoms is \(+5\).
(c) By conventional method, \(\mathrm{Fe}_3 \mathrm{O}_4\) \(3 \mathrm{x}+4(-2)=0\) or \(\mathrm{x}=8 / 3\)
By stoichiometry \(\mathrm{Fe}_3 \mathrm{O}_4=\stackrel{+2}{\mathrm{Fe}} \stackrel{-2}{\mathrm{O}}\cdot \stackrel{+3}{\mathrm{Fe}_2} \stackrel{-2}{\mathrm{O}_3}\)
Fe has \(\mathrm{O}\). N. of \(+2\) and \(+3\)
(d) By conventional method. \(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}\) \(=\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}\) or \(2 \mathrm{x}+6(+1)+1(-2)=0\) or \(\mathrm{x}=-2\) By chemical bonding \(\mathrm{C}_2\) is attached to three \(\mathrm{H}\)-atoms (less electronegative than carbon and one \(\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}\) group (more electronegative than carbon), therefore, O. N. of
\(C_2=3(+1)+x+2(+1)-2+1(-1)=0\) or \(x=-2 C_1\) is, however, attached to one \(\mathrm{OH}(\mathrm{O}\). N. \(-1)\) and one \(\mathrm{CH}_3\) (O. N. \(=+1\) ) group, therefore,
O. N.of \(\mathrm{C}_1=+1+2(+1)+x+1(-1)=0\) or \(x=-2\)
(e) By conventional method
\(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH}=\stackrel{x}{\mathrm{C}_2} \stackrel{+1}{\mathrm{H}_4} \stackrel{-2}{\mathrm{O}_2}\)
\(2 \mathrm{x}+4(+1)+2(-2)=0\)
or \(2 \mathrm{x}+4-4\) or \(\mathrm{x}=0\)
By chemical bonding method
\(\mathrm{C}_2\) is attached to three \(\mathrm{H}\)-atoms (less electronegative than carbon)
And one-COOH group (more electro-negative than carbon), therefore,
O.N. of \(\mathrm{C}_2=3(+1)+x+1(+1)\)
\(=0\) or \(\mathrm{x}=+4\)
\(\mathrm{C}_1\) is however, attached to one oxygen atom by a double bond, one \(\mathrm{OH}(\mathrm{O} . \mathrm{N} .=-1)\) and one \(\mathrm{CH}_3\) (O.N. \(=+1)\) group, therefore \(\mathrm{O} . \mathrm{N}\). of \(\mathrm{C}_1=+1+\mathrm{x}+1(-2)+\) \(1(-1)=0\) or \(x=+2\)

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions
What are the p-Block Elements together with s-Block elements called?

Options:
A Transition Elements
B s-Block Elements
C Noble Gases
D Representative Elements or Main Group Elements

The correct answer is:
Representative Elements or Main Group Elements

Solution:
The p-Block Elements, together with the s-Block Elements, are called the Representative Elements or Main Group Elements.

Topic: Chemistry, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, NEET
What are the primary considerations for selecting the appropriate wiring material for home installation, either copper (Cu) or aluminum (Al)?

Options:
A Material availability and durability
B Resistance to corrosion and maintenance cost
C Cost of metal and conductivity of metal
D Environmental impact and flexibility of installation

The correct answer is:
Cost of metal and conductivity of metal

Solution:
Correct Option is : (C)
Cost of metal and conductivity of metal

Topic: Chemistry, Current Electricity, NEET
What are the products $B$ and $C$ in the following reaction sequence?

Options:
A

B

C

D

The correct answer is:

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, JEE Main
What are the products formed in the reaction of xenon hexa fluroride with silica?

Options:
A XeSiO4+HF
B XeF2+SiF4
C XeO3+SiF4
D XeOF4+SiF4

The correct answer is:
XeOF4+SiF4

Solution:
Here the reaction is as follows
2XeF6+SiO2→2XeOF4+SiF4

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), JEE Main
What are the products formed when chlorine is passed through aqueous hypo solution?

Options:
A $\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{SO}_3+\mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{S}$
B $\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{SO}_3+\mathrm{SO}_3+\mathrm{HCl}$
C $\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4+\mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{S}$
D $\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4+\mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{SO}_2$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4+\mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{S}$

Solution:
When chlorine is passed through aqueous hypo solution these products are formed
$\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{~S}_2 \mathrm{O}_3+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{Cl}_2 \longrightarrow$
Hypo
$\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4+\underset{\text { products }}{2 \mathrm{HCl}}+\mathrm{S} \downarrow$

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), JEE Main
What are the products obtained when ethyl alcohol C2H5OH reacts with thionyl chloride?

Options:
A C2H5Cl+HCl+SO2
B CH3CH2Cl+H2O+SO2
C CH3CH2Cl+HCl
D CH2ClCH2Cl+HCl+SO2

The correct answer is:
C2H5Cl+HCl+SO2

Solution:
It is Darzen's reaction for preparation of alkyl chloride from alcohol
C2H5OH+SOCl2→PyridineC2H5Cl+SO2+HCl

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, JEE Main
What are the three main processes that occur during the cell cycle?

Options:
A Cell growth, DNA synthesis, and cell division
B DNA replication, Cell growth, and cell division
C Cell growth, cell replication, and DNA synthesis
D DNA replication, cell division, and cell growth

The correct answer is:
Cell growth, DNA synthesis, and cell division

Solution:
Cell growth (in terms of cytoplasmic increase) is a continuous process and DNA synthesis occurs only during one specific stage in the cell cycle" and "the replicated chromosomes (DNA) are then distributed to daughter nuclei by a complex series of events during cell division. All these are different processes that occur during cell cycle.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division, NEET
What are the three main types of movements exhibited by cells in the human body?

Options:
A Amoeboid, ciliary and muscular
B Streaming, ciliary and muscular
C Protoplasm, ciliary and muscular
D Microfilaments, ciliary and muscular

The correct answer is:
Amoeboid, ciliary and muscular

Solution:
Cells in the human body exhibit three main types of movements, namely, amoeboid, ciliary and muscular.

Topic: Biology, Locomotion and Movement, NEET
What are the three major parts of the brain?

Options:
A Forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain
B Frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe
C Cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem
D Hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus

The correct answer is:
Forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain

Solution:
The brain is divided into three major parts, the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain, which are the main regions that control different functions in the body.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
What are the truth values of ∼p⇒∼q and ∼p⇒q respectively, when p and q always speak the truth in any argument?

Options:
A T, T
B F,Â F
C T, F
D F,Â T

The correct answer is:
T, T

Solution:
Since, truth value of p is T and truth value of q is also T
So, ~p is always false, therefore â¼pââ¼q and â¼pâq are always true
(since, pâq is false only when p is true and q is false)

Topic: Mathematics, Mathematical Reasoning, JEE Main
What are the two main categories of chromatography?

Options:
A Color chromatography and purity chromatography
B Solid chromatography and liquid chromatography
C Adsorption chromatography and partition chromatography
D Thin layer chromatography and column chromatography

The correct answer is:
Adsorption chromatography and partition chromatography

Solution:
The two main categories of chromatography mentioned in the paragraph are adsorption chromatography and partition chromatography.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
What are the two main categories of chromatography?

Options:
A Color chromatography and purity chromatography
B Solid chromatography and liquid chromatography
C Adsorption chromatography and partition chromatography
D Thin layer chromatography and column chromatography

The correct answer is:
Adsorption chromatography and partition chromatography

Solution:
The two main categories of chromatography are adsorption chromatography and partition chromatography.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
What are the two main categories of white blood cells (WBCs)?

Options:
A Neutrophils and eosinophils
B B and T forms
C Granulocytes and agranulocytes
D Megakaryocytes and thrombocytes

The correct answer is:
Granulocytes and agranulocytes

Solution:
We have two main categories of WBCs – granulocytes and agranulocytes.

Topic: Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, NEET
What are the two main classifications of stereoisomerism?

Options:
A Structural and geometrical isomerism
B Stereoisomerism and optical isomerism
C Geometrical isomerism and optical isomerism
D Constitutional isomerism and optical isomerism

The correct answer is:
Geometrical isomerism and optical isomerism

Solution:
Stereoisomerism can be classified as geometrical and optical isomerism.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, NEET
What are the two main components of assimilatory energy produced in Hill's reaction?

Options:
A ADP and NADH
B ATP and NADPH
C Glucose and ATP
D FAD and NAD

The correct answer is:
ATP and NADPH

Solution:
The chemical energy produced due to the light reaction of photosynthesis is called the assimilatory energy. It includes the production of ATP and NADPH + H+. This energy is used for CO2 assimilation (fixation) in the dark reaction of photosynthesis for the production of the final product, i.e., glucose.

Topic: Biology, Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, NEET
What are the two main components of Fehling's reagent?

Options:
A Copper sulphate and ammonium chloride
B Copper sulphate and sodium potassium tartrate
C Sodium chloride and sodium carbonate
D Sodium hydroxide and potassium iodide

The correct answer is:
Copper sulphate and sodium potassium tartrate

Solution:
Fehling's reagent comprises two solutions: Fehling solution A (aqueous copper sulphate) and Fehling solution B (alkaline sodium potassium tartrate).

Topic: Chemistry, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, NEET
What are the two main components that determine water potential?

Options:
A Solute potential and water potential
B Pressure potential and water potential
C Solute potential and pressure potential
D Kinetic energy and pressure potential

The correct answer is:
Solute potential and pressure potential

Solution:
Solute potential (Ψs) and pressure potential (Ψp) are the two main components that determine water potential.

Topic: Biology, Transport in Plants, NEET
What are the two main functions of the buccal cavity?

Options:
A Mastication of food and respiration
B Mastication of food and speech
C Mastication of food and swallowing
D Mastication of food and digestion

The correct answer is:
Mastication of food and swallowing

Solution:
The buccal cavity performs two major functions: mastication of food and facilitation of swallowing. The teeth and the tongue with the help of saliva masticate and mix up the food thoroughly.

Topic: Biology, Digestion and Absorption, NEET
What are the two main pre-fertilisation events?

Options:
A Gametogenesis and death
B Gamete transfer and death
C Gametogenesis and gamete transfer
D None of the above

The correct answer is:
Gametogenesis and gamete transfer

Solution:
The two main pre-fertilisation events are gametogenesis and gamete transfer.

Topic: Biology, Reproduction in Organisms, NEET