datavorous/entrance-exam-dataset huggingface dataset:
What is a common use of sulphur dioxide in the sugar industry?

Options:
A As a food preservative
B In refining petroleum
C In bleaching textiles
D As a solvent

The correct answer is:
As a food preservative

Solution:
Sulphur dioxide is commonly used in the sugar industry as a food preservative to extend the shelf life of sugar products. It helps prevent discoloration and the growth of microorganisms, maintaining the quality of the sugar.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18), NEET
What is ' $A$ ' in the following reaction $2 \mathrm{Fe}^{3+}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Sn}^{2+}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{Fe}^{2+}(\mathrm{aq})+A$

Options:
A $\mathrm{Sn}^{3+}{ }_{(a q)}$
B $\mathrm{Sn}^{4+}{ }_{(a q)}$
C $\mathrm{Sn}^{2+}{ }_{(a q}$
D $\mathrm{Sn}$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{Sn}^{4+}{ }_{(a q)}$

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Redox Reactions, JEE Main
What is a monograph?

Options:

None

Solution:
Monograph is a specialised work of documenting information on a particular taxon, i.e., family or genus or on aspect of subject, usually by a single author. The main purpose of monograph is to present primary research and original work.

Topic: Biology, The Living World
What is a saturated solution?

Options:
A A solution in which no solute is dissolved.
B A solution in which the concentration of solute remains constant under given conditions of temperature and pressure.
C A solution in which more solute can be dissolved at the same temperature.
D A solution in which the concentration of solute decreases with time.

The correct answer is:
A solution in which the concentration of solute remains constant under given conditions of temperature and pressure.

Solution:
The paragraph defines a saturated solution as one in which the concentration of solute remains constant under specific conditions.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
What is a semiconductor? Describe the two main types of semiconductors and contrast their conduction mechanism.

Options:

None

Solution:
Semiconductors are those substances whose conductance lies between that of conductors and insulators. Semiconductor are of two types:
(a) n-type: When group 14 elements like silicon and germanium (having four electrons in the valence shell) are doped with group 15 element like phosphrous or arsenic (having five electrons in the valence shell), few lattice sites in Si or Ge are substituted by atoms of \(\mathrm{P}\) or As. As group 15 atoms have five electrons in the valence shell, after forming four covalent bonds with neighbouring four \(\mathrm{Si}\) atoms, fifth extra electron is free and gets delocalized. These delocalized electrons increases the conductivity of Si or Ge. As the increase in conductivity is due to the negatively charged electrons, the silicon or germanium crystals doped with electron-rich impurities are called \(n\)-type semiconductors.
(b) p-type : When group 14 elements like silicon or germanium, having four electrons in the valence shell, is doped with group 13 elements like boron, aluminium or gallium, few sites of \(\mathrm{Si}\) or Ge atoms are substituted by atoms of \(\mathrm{B}, \mathrm{Al}\) or \(\mathrm{Ga}\). As group 13 atoms have three electrons in the valence shell, they form three covalent bonds with the neighbouring three Si or Ge atoms. Thus, a hole is created at the site where fourth electron is missing (called electron hole or electron vacancy). As electron from the neighbouring atom can jump to fill up this electron hole than a hole is created at the site from where electron has jumped. As this continues, the electron holes will move in a direction opposite to that of the flow of electrons. When electricity in applied, the electrons move towards the postively charged plate and electron holes move towards the negatively charged plate as if they carry positive charge. Hence, electron deficit doped Si or Ge are called \(p\)-type semiconductors.

Topic: Chemistry, Solid State
What is a tonoplast?

Options:
A
Outer membrane of mitochondria

B
Inner membrane of chloroplast

C
Membrane boundry of the vacuole of plant cells

D
Cell membrane of a plant cell

The correct answer is:
Membrane boundry of the vacuole of plant cells

Solution:
Tonoplast is a single membrane that bounds the vacuoles and separates it from cytoplasm. In plants tonoplast is a stretchy membrane, and its main function is to protect the vacuole and isolate it from harmful substances. It controls ionic movement in and around the cell.

Topic: Biology, Cell - The Unit of Life
What is acceleration due to gravity at the surface of mars if its diameter is \( 6760 \mathrm{~km} \) and mass one tength that of earth. The diameter of earth is \( 12742 \mathrm{~km} \) and acceleration due to gravity on earth is \( 9.8 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{sec}^{2} \)

Options:
A 4. \( 18 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{sec}^{2} \)
B \( 3.03 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{sec}^{2} \)
C 4. \( 58 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{sec}^{2} \)
D \( 3.48 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{sec}^{2} \)

The correct answer is:
\( 3.48 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{sec}^{2} \)

Solution:
From the universal law of gravitation, the gravitational force between two masses is, F=GMmr2 Using newton's second law the acceleration due to gravity due to mass M is mg=GMmr2⇒gm=GMr2

Acceleration due to gravity at earth is, ge=GMeR2

Acceleration due to gravity at mars is, gm=GMmr2

Using given data, from the above equations,

gegm=GMeR2GMmr2=Me676022Me101274222gm=3.48 m s-2

Topic: Physics, Gravitation, JEE Main
What is an unsaturated solution?

Options:
A A solution in which no solute is dissolved.
B A solution in which the concentration of solute remains constant under given conditions of temperature and pressure.
C A solution in which more solute can be dissolved at the same temperature.
D A solution in which the concentration of solute decreases with time.

The correct answer is:
A solution in which more solute can be dissolved at the same temperature.

Solution:
The paragraph describes an unsaturated solution as one in which more solute can be dissolved at the same temperature.

Topic: Chemistry, Solutions, NEET
What is antisense technology?

Options:
A RNA polymerase producing DNA
B A cell displaying a foreign antigen used for synthesis of antigens
C Production of somaclonal variants in tissue cultures
D When a piece of RNA that is complementary in sequence is used to stop expression of a specific gene

The correct answer is:
When a piece of RNA that is complementary in sequence is used to stop expression of a specific gene

Solution:
Antisense technology is the translational control of protein synthesis which involves use of RNA which is complemantry to m-RNA, inhibiting the expression of genes.

Topic: Biology, Biotechnology and Its Applications, NEET, NEET 2008 (Mains)
What is apiculture?

Options:
A The maintenance of animals for food
B The maintenance of hives of honeybees
C The maintenance of silk worms for silk production
D The maintenance of fish for food

The correct answer is:
The maintenance of hives of honeybees

Solution:
Bee-keeping or apiculture is the maintenance of hives of honeybees for the production of honey.

Topic: Biology, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, NEET
What is apomixis and what is its importance?

Options:

None

Solution:
Apomixis is a mode of asexual reproduction that produces seeds without fertilization, e.g.- some species of Asteraceae and Grasses. This method is important in hybrid seed industry. Hybrids are extensively cultivated for increasing productivity. But the main drawback is that the hybrid seeds are to be produce every year because the seeds of the hybrid plants do not maintain hybrid characters for longer period due to segregation of characters. This can be avoided if apomixis can be introduced in hybrid seeds. For this reason scientists are trying hard to identify genes for apomixis.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
What is /are the critical points $(\mathrm{s})$ of the function $\mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=$ $\mathrm{x}^{2 / 3}(5-2 \mathrm{x})$ on the interval $[-1,2] ?$

Options:
A 1 only
B 0,1
C $\frac{3}{2}$ only $\quad$
D $0, \frac{3}{2}$

The correct answer is:
1 only

Solution:
$\mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=\mathrm{x}^{2 / 3}(5-2 \mathrm{x})$
or, $f(x)=5 x^{2 / 3}-2 x^{5 / 3}$
differentiating both the sides.
$\mathrm{f}^{\prime}(\mathrm{x})=5 \times \frac{2}{3} \mathrm{x}^{-1 / 3}-2 \times \frac{5}{3} \mathrm{x}^{2 / 3}$
or, $\mathrm{f}^{\prime}(\mathrm{x})=\frac{10}{3}\left(\mathrm{x}^{-1 / 3}-\mathrm{x}^{2 / 3}\right)$
To get the critical value. $\mathrm{f}^{\prime}(\mathrm{x})=0$
so, $\mathrm{x}^{-1 / 3}-\mathrm{x}^{2 / 3}=0 \Rightarrow \mathrm{x}^{-1 / 3}(1-\mathrm{x})=0$
$\Rightarrow 1-x=0$ as $x^{-1 / 3} \neq 0$
or, $\mathrm{x}=1$ is the only value in the interval $[-1,2]$

Topic: Mathematics, Application of Derivatives, JEE Main
What is B in the given scheme?

Options:
A
B
C
D

The correct answer is:

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Alcohols Phenols and Ethers, JEE Main
What is bagging technique? How is it useful in a plant breeding programme?

Options:

None

Solution:
It is the covering of emasculated flowers (removal of anthers in bud condition from a bisexual flower by a bag of butter paper or polythene in their bud condition i.e., before anthesis) to prevent contamination of its stigmas with unwanted pollens. When the stigmas of emasculated flowers mature the bags are removed, stigmas are dusted with pollen grains of desired male plants by means of a presterilized brush and flowers are rebagged till fruit develop. This technique is mainly used in artificial hybridization. Plant breeders often use this technique to prevent the contamination of stigma of the flowers from unwanted pollen grains.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
What is bond length of $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}$ bond in alkane having all carbon atoms $\mathrm{sp}^{3}$ hybrid?

Options:
A $154 \mathrm{pm}$
B $133 \mathrm{pm}$
C $112 \mathrm{pm}$
D $120 \mathrm{pm}$

The correct answer is:
$154 \mathrm{pm}$

Solution:
The carbon-carbon bond, with a bond length of $1.54 ~Ã…$, is formed by overlap of one $sp3$ orbital from each of the carbons, while the six carbon-hydrogen bonds are formed from overlaps between the remaining $sp3$ orbitals on the two carbons and the $1s$ orbitals of hydrogen atoms. All of these are sigma bonds.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, MHT CET, MHT CET 2020 (20 Oct Shift 1)
What is common among Lithium, Sodium and Potassium?

Options:
A These have one electron in their outermost shell
B There are alkaline earth metals
C These cannot form oxides
D These are inert elements

The correct answer is:
These have one electron in their outermost shell

Solution:
- Lithium (Li), Sodium $(\mathrm{Na})$, and Potassium $(\mathrm{K})$ has one electron in their outermost orbits.
- They belong to group 1 and hence they are Alkali Metals and not alkali earth metal

Topic: Physics, Atomic Physics, JEE Main
What is common between earthworm and Periplaneta?

Options:
A Both have red coloured blood
B Both possess anal styles
C Both have malpighian tubules
D Both have segmented body

The correct answer is:
Both have segmented body

Solution:
Segmentation occurs in three highly organized phyla-annelida (earthworm), arthropoda (Periplaneta) and chordates. The body is often divided both externally and internally into a number of segments (metameres) e.g., annelids. Segmentation is mostly external in arthropods and mainly internal in man and other chordates.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, AIIMS, AIIMS 2012
What is common between vegetative reproduction and apomixis?

Options:
A Both are applicable to only dicot plants
B Both bypass the flowering phase
C Both occur round the year
D Both produces progeny identical to the parent

The correct answer is:
Both produces progeny identical to the parent

Solution:
Both vegetative and apomixis are asexual reproduction. The progeny produced are genetically similar to parent and are called clone.

Topic: Biology, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, NEET, NEET 2011 (Mains)
What is coordination in the context of organ systems in the human body?

Options:
A A system that regulates the function of muscles and blood vessels.
B The process by which two or more organs interact and complement each other's functions.
C A system that regulates the endocrine system.
D A system that regulates the neural system.

The correct answer is:
The process by which two or more organs interact and complement each other's functions.

Solution:
Coordination refers to the process by which two or more organs interact and complement each other's functions in order to maintain homeostasis.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
What is correct about the axolemma before acquiring the stage of depolarization?

Options:
A Negative outside
B Positive outside
C Neither positive nor negative
D Initially positive then negative

The correct answer is:
Positive outside

Solution:
Resting state of neuron
- High concentration of K+ and negatively charged proteins and low concentration of Na+ in axoplasm.
- In contrast, the fluid outside the axon contains a low concentration of K+, a high concentration of Na+ and thus form a concentration gradient.
- These ionic gradients across the resting membrane are maintained by the Na-K pump which actively transports 3Na+ outwards for 2K+ into the cell.
- Outer surface of sarcolemma : Positively charged.
Inner surface : Negatively charged.
- Membrane is polarised.

Topic: Biology, Neural Control and Coordination, NEET
What is correct about the compound epithelium?

Options:
A It is multi-layered.
B Its main function is protection against chemical and mechanical stress.
C They cover inner lining of ducts of salivary glands.
D All of these

The correct answer is:
All of these

Solution:
The compound epithelium is made of more than one layer (multi-layered) of cells and thus has a limited role in secretion and absorption. Their main function is to provide protection against chemical and mechanical stresses. They cover the dry surface of the skin, the moist surface of the buccal cavity, pharynx, the inner lining of ducts of salivary glands, and of pancreatic ducts.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
What is correct about the heart of cockroach?

Options:
A Blood flows towards the posterior end of the body in the heart.
B The heart appears as an elongated tubular structure.
C Multi-chambered with ostia as the opening between the two chambers.
D All of the above.

The correct answer is:
The heart appears as an elongated tubular structure.

Solution:
A cockroach possesses a 13-chambered tubular, muscular, elongated and neurogenic heart.
Blood circulation in cockroach is maintained by wing-shaped alary muscles (involuntary).
Each chamber of the heart receives blood from the sinus through 1 pair of slit-like openings called ostia.
The flow of blood can be represented as:
Blood in heart → Pumped into the sinuses → Re-enter the heart by ostia → Again pumped into the sinuses.

Topic: Biology, Structural Organisation in Animals, NEET
What is correct increasing order of bond lengths of bond indicated as I, II, III and IV in following compounds?

Options:
A IÂ <Â IIÂ <Â IIIÂ <Â IV
B IIÂ <Â IIIÂ <Â IVÂ <Â I
C IVÂ <Â IIÂ <Â IIIÂ <Â I
D IV < I < II < III

The correct answer is:
IV < I < II < III

Solution:
% S-character ∝ 1 Bond length in (ii) & (iii) , (ii) having (+) hyperconjugation so double bond character.

Topic: Chemistry, General Organic Chemistry, JEE Main
What is correct sequence of bond order

Options:
A $\mathrm{O}_2^{+}\gt\mathrm{O}_2^{-}\gt\mathrm{O}_2$
B $\mathrm{O}_2^{+}\gt\mathrm{O}_2\gt\mathrm{O}_2^{-}$
C $\mathrm{O}_2\gt\mathrm{O}_2^{-}\gt\mathrm{O}_2^{+}$
D $\mathrm{O}_2^{-}\gt\mathrm{O}_2^{+}\gt\mathrm{O}_2$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{O}_2^{+}\gt\mathrm{O}_2\gt\mathrm{O}_2^{-}$

Solution:
Correct Sequence of bond order is $\underset{2.5}{\mathrm{O}_2^{+}} \gt \underset{2}{\mathrm{O}_2} \gt \underset{1.5}{\mathrm{O}_2^{2-}}$

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, JEE Main
What is DDT among the following :

Options:
A
Greenhouse gas

B
A fertilizer

C
Biodegradable pollutant

D
Non-biodegradable pollutant

The correct answer is:
Non-biodegradable pollutant

Solution:
DDT - non-biodegradable pollutant.

Topic: Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, JEE Main, JEE Main 2012 (Offline)
What is detritus ?

Options:
A The process of fragmentation
B The raw material for decomposition
C The accumulation of humus
D The release of inorganic nutrients

The correct answer is:
The raw material for decomposition

Solution:
Detritus refers to dead plant remains such as leaves, bark, flowers and dead remains of animals, including fecal matter, which is the raw material for decomposition.

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
What is effect of pressure on extent of adsorption?

Options:
A Increase as pressure increases continuously
B Increases at start as pressure increase and then remains constant
C Decrease as pressure increase
D No change in extent of adsorption if pressure increase or decreases

The correct answer is:
Increases at start as pressure increase and then remains constant

Solution:

Topic: Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, MHT CET, MHT CET 2022 (08 Aug Shift 2)
What is essential to achieve a favorable equilibrium in the direction of the desired product in industry and laboratory settings?

Options:
A Maintaining a constant temperature
B Optimizing the pressure
C Optimizing operational conditions
D Using a high concentration of reactants

The correct answer is:
Optimizing operational conditions

Solution:
The importance of optimizing operational conditions in industry and laboratory settings to ensure favorable equilibrium.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Equilibrium, NEET
What is expected to happen to the atomic radius as you move down the group?

Options:
A It remains the same.
B It decreases.
C It increases.
D It becomes unpredictable.

The correct answer is:
It increases.

Solution:
As you move down the group, for each successive member, one extra shell of electrons is added, and therefore, the atomic radius is expected to increase.

Topic: Chemistry, p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), NEET
What is Expiratory Capacity (EC)?

Options:
A Total volume of air a person can expire after a normal inspiration
B Total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration
C Volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration
D Volume of air that will remain in the lungs after a forceful expiration

The correct answer is:
Total volume of air a person can expire after a normal inspiration

Solution:
Expiratory Capacity (EC) is the total volume of air a person can expire after a normal inspiration, which includes tidal volume and expiratory reserve volume (TV+ERV).

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
What is Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)?

Options:
A The volume of air a person can inspire by a forceful inspiration
B The volume of air a person can expire by a normal expiration
C The volume of air a person can expire by a forceful expiration
D The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration

The correct answer is:
The volume of air a person can expire by a forceful expiration

Solution:
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) is the volume of air a person can expire by a forceful expiration, which averages 1000 mL to 1100 mL.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
What is formed when calcium carbide react with heavy water

Options:
A $C_2 D_2$
B $\mathrm{CaD}_2$
C $\mathrm{CaD}_2 \mathrm{O}$
D $C D_2$

The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{CaD}_2$

Solution:
Calcium carbide reacts with ordinary water and acetylene forms, similarly calcium carbide reacts with heavy water and deuterated acetylene \(\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{D}_2\) forms.
Reaction: \(\mathrm{CaC}_2+2 \mathrm{D}_2 \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{D}_2+\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OD})_2\)

Topic: Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, JEE Main
What is Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)?

Options:
A Total volume of air a person can expire after a normal inspiration
B Total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration
C Volume of air that will remain in the lungs after a normal expiration
D Volume of air remaining in the lungs after a forceful expiration

The correct answer is:
Volume of air that will remain in the lungs after a normal expiration

Solution:
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) is the volume of air that will remain in the lungs after a normal expiration, which includes ERV+RV.

Topic: Biology, Breathing and Exchange of Gases, NEET
What is $\mathrm{G}_0$ (quiescent phase) of cell cycle?

Options:

None

Solution:
Some cells in adult animals do not appear to exhibit division (e.g., heart cell, nerve cell). These cell become inactive and become specialized by differentiate and do not further exit $\mathrm{G}_1$ phase, and enter a stage but divide occasionally called quiescent stage $\left(\mathrm{G}_0\right)$ of the cell-cycle.
Cell in this stage remain metabolically active but no longer proliferate unless called to do so depending on the requirement of the organism.

Topic: Biology, Cell Cycle and Cell Division
What is Gross primary productivity (GPP)?

Options:
A It refers to the environmental factors.
B Number of plants in an ecosystem.
C It is the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis.
D Solar energy exposed to plants in an ecosystem.

The correct answer is:
It is the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis.

Solution:
Primary productivity is of two types:
A. Gross primary productivity (GPP): It is the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis.
B. Net primary productivity (NPP): It is the biomass available for the consumption of heterotrophs (herbivores and decomposers).
A part of GPP is utilized by plants in respiration (R), whereas the remaining is available for the next trophic level. Hence, NPP = GPP - R

Topic: Biology, Ecosystem, NEET
What is H+ in a solution that is 0.01 M in HCN and 0.02 M in NaCN?
br /> (Kafor HCN=6.2Ã10-10)

Options:
A 3.1×1010
B 6.2×105
C 6.2×10-10
D 3.1×10-10

The correct answer is:
3.1×10-10

Solution:
K a  =  H + CN − HCN
6.2Ã10-10=[H+] [0.02][0.01]
NaCN = CN − due to common ion effect
H+=6.2Ã10-10Ã0.010.02=3.1Ã10-10

Topic: Chemistry, Ionic Equilibrium, JEE Main
What is homeostasis?

Options:

None

Solution:
The tendency of the organism to maintain a constant environment internally despite variations in external environmental conditions is homeostasis.

Topic: Biology, Organisms and Populations
What is hybridisation of O in $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$ ?

Options:
A $s p$
B $s p^3$
C $s p^2$
D No hybridisation

The correct answer is:
$s p^3$

Solution:
In gaseous state, water exists as discrete $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$ molecule, in which the central $O$ atom contains four $\mathrm{sp}^3$-hybridised orbitals. Two of which are half - filled and used in over lapping with 1s orbital of H -atom to given two $\mathrm{sp}^3-\mathrm{s}, \mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}, \sigma$-bond while the remaining two exist as lone pair. The geometry of the molecule is angular or V -shape.

Topic: Chemistry, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, JIPMER, JIPMER 2019
What is in situ conservation?

Options:
A Protecting endangered species in their natural habitat
B Protective maintenance in zoological parks and botanical gardens
C In vitro fertilization
D Cryopreservation of gametes

The correct answer is:
Protecting endangered species in their natural habitat

Solution:
In situ conservation is the protection of endangered species in their natural habitat.

Topic: Biology, Biodiversity and its Conservation, NEET