police lineup / tapissage
Synonyms: identification parade, lineup
Synonymes : parade d'identification, séance d'identification, tapissage de police
Group: Human, Psychology, Thematic grouping Memory and Law
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie, Regroupement thématique Mémoire et justice
Definition: In a police lineup, the suspect is presented among a group of persons known to be innocent. The witness's or victim's task is to identify or not identify the suspect among the persons in the identification parade. The members of the line-up can be presented through photographs, video recordings or live (behind a one-way mirror). In a voice lineup, the suspect's voice is presented among the voices of innocent people.
Définition : Dans une séance de tapissage, le suspect est présenté parmi un ensemble d’individus dont l’innocence est connue (les distracteurs ou figurants). La tâche du témoin ou de la victime est d’identifier ou non le suspect parmi les personnes de la parade. Les membres du tapissage peuvent être présentés au moyen de photographies, d’enregistrements vidéo ou en direct (derrière une glace sans tain). Dans un tapissage de voix, la voix du suspect est présentée parmi des voix de personnes innocentes.
Broader term: recognition task
Terme générique : tâche de reconnaissance
Narrower terms: blank police lineup procedure, rule-out procedure, sequential police lineup, simultaneous police lineup
Termes spécifiques : procédure de tapissage vide, procédure d’exclusion, tapissage séquentiel, tapissage simultané
Related terms: legalPsych, confidence-accuracy characteristic curve, eyewitness testimony, post-identification feedback effect, own-race bias, own-sex bias, diagnosticity ratio, sdtlu, earwitness testimony, WITNESS model, system variable, own-age bias, reflector variable, confidence-accuracy relationship, positive predictive value, fullROC, unconscious transference effect, weapon focus effect, estimator variable, verbal overshadowing effect, signal detection theory
Termes associés : legalPsych, courbe caractéristique confiance-exactitude, témoignage oculaire, effet de retroaction post-identification, biais lié à l’ethnie d’appartenance, biais lié au sexe d’appartenance, ratio de diagnosticité, sdtlu, témoignage auditif, modèle WITNESS, variable du système, biais lié au groupe d’âge d’appartenance, variable réflectrice, relation confiance-précision, valeur prédictive positive, fullROC, effet de transfert inconscient, effet de focalisation sur l'arme, variable d’estimation, effet d'ombrage verbal, théorie de la détection du signal
Study method of: eyewitness testimony, face memory, earwitness testimony, recognition memory
Selected bibliography: Kovera, M. B. (2024). The role of suspect development practices in eyewitness identification accuracy and racial disparities in wrongful conviction. Social Issues and Policy Review, 18(1), 125-147. https://doi.org/10.1111/sipr.12102 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Erickson, W. B., Lampinen, J. M., & Moore, K. N. (2016). Eyewitness identifications by older and younger adults: A meta-analysis and discussion. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 31(2), 108–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-015-9176-3 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: closed], Fitzgerald, R. J., Price, H. L., Oriet, C., & Charman, S. D. (2013). The effect of suspect-filler similarity on eyewitness identification decisions: A meta-analysis. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 19(2), 151–164. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030618 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: closed], Fitzgerald, R. J., & Price, H. L. (2015). Eyewitness identification across the life span: A meta-analysis of age differences. Psychological Bulletin, 141(6), 1228–1265. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000013 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: closed], Fitzgerald, R. J., Price, H. L., & Valentine, T. (2018). Eyewitness identification: Live, photo, and video lineups. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 24(3), 307–325. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000164 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Juncu, S., & Fitzgerald, R. J. (2021). A meta-analysis of lineup size effects on eyewitness identification. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 27(3), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000311 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: closed], Lampinen, J. M., Neuschatz, J. S., & Cling, A. D. (2012). The psychology of eyewitness identification. Psychology Press. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Lee, J., & Penrod, S. D. (2019). New signal detection theory-based framework for eyewitness performance in lineups. Law and Human Behavior, 43(5), 436–454. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000343 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Lucas, C. A., Brewer, N., & Palmer, M. A. (2021). Eyewitness identification: The complex issue of suspect-filler similarity. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 27(2), 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1037/law000024 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Pozzulo, J. D., Crescini, C., & Panton, T. (2008). Does methodology matter in eyewitness identification research?: The effect of live versus video exposure on eyewitness identification accuracy. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 31(5), 430–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2008.08.006 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Pozzulo, J. D., Reed, J., Pettalia, J., & Dempsey, J. (2016). Simultaneous, Sequential, Elimination, and Wildcard: A Comparison of Lineup Procedures. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 31(1), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-015-9168-3 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Shen, K. J., Colloff, M. F., Vul, E., Wilson, B. M., & Wixted, J. T. (2023). Modeling face similarity in police lineups. Psychological Review, 130(2), 432–461. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000408 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Smith, A. M., Toglia, M. P., & Lampinen, J. M. (Eds.). (2021). Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks. Routledge. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Wells, G. L., Kovera, M. B., Douglass, A. B., Brewer, N., Meissner, C. A., & Wixted, J. T. (2020). Policy and procedure recommendations for the collection and preservation of eyewitness identification evidence. Law and Human Behavior, 44(1), 3–36. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000359 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Wixted, J. T., & Mickes, L. (2014). A signal-detection-based diagnostic-feature-detection model of eyewitness identification. Psychological Review, 121(2), 262–276. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035940 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Wixted, J. T., Vul, E., Mickes, L., & Wilson, B. M. (2018). Models of lineup memory. Cognitive Psychology, 105, 81–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2018.06.001 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed]
Dataset citations: Akan, M., Benjamin, A., & Robinson, M. M. (2021, April 3). The effect of lineup size on eyewitness identification accuracy. https://osf.io/xcfhj, Baldassari, M. J. (2021, April 14). An ERP Lineup based on the P300 Guilty Knowledge Test. https://osf.io/2mv54, Baldassari, M. J., & Lindsay, D. S. (2021, April 14). Using ERP to identify culprits from lineups. https://osf.io/dzkez, Baldassari, M. J., Holroyd, C. B., & Tanaka, J. (2021, February 5). An ERP-based Concealed Information Test for Simultaneous Lineups. https://osf.io/b8tk9, Brackmann, Sauerland, & Otgaar (2018). Developmental Trends in Lineup Performance: Adolescents are More Prone to Innocent Bystander Misidentifications than Children and Adults. https://osf.io/58nhb/, Byrne, K. A., & Kennett, P. (2021, January 7). The Effect of Time Pressure and Lineup Type on Eyewitness Identification Accuracy and Confidence. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WD62S, Colloff, M. F. (2021, February 16). Optimizing the selection of fillers in police lineups: Experiment 2. https://osf.io/c36bf, Colloff, M. F. (2022, January 23). Optimizing the selection of fillers in police lineups: Experiment 1. https://osf.io/uzk48, Colloff, M. F., & Wade, K. A. (2018, September 27). Unfair lineups don’t just make witnesses more willing to choose the suspect, they also make them more likely to confuse innocent and guilty suspects. https://osf.io/63w4s, Colloff, M. F., Flowe, H. D., & Seale-Carlisle, T. M. (2022, January 25). Investigating the own race bias: Eyewitness identification performance in sequential, simultaneous-independent-movement, and simultaneous-joint-movement interactive lineups. (Study 2). https://osf.io/b8tvw, Fitzgerald, R. J. (2018, March 22). The single lineup paradigm: A new way to manipulate target presence in eyewitness identification experiments. https://osf.io/zc47d, Holdstock, J., Dalton, P., May, K., Boogert, S., & Mickes, L. (2022, April 26). Lineup identification in young and older witnesses: Does describing the criminal help or hinder? https://osf.io/xmk3h, Lin, W. (2021, December 21). The Effects of Repeated Lineups and Delay on Eyewitness Identification. https://osf.io/bc3zu, Lockamyeir, R., Jones, A., & Carlson, C. (2022, January 31). How confidence, decision time, and lineup fairness influence perceptions of eyewitness identification accuracy. https://osf.io/wmhp3, Manley, K. D., Chan, J. C., & Wells, G. L. (2019, April 16). Do Masked-Face Lineups Facilitate Eyewitness Identification of a Masked Individual? https://osf.io/5h4sg, Nyman, T. J. (2020, March 10). Lineup Positions. https://osf.io/bqdmg, Smalarz, L., Kornell, N., Vaughn, K., & Palmer, M. A. (2019, March 23). Identification Performance from Multiple Lineups: Should Eyewitnesses Who Pick Fillers Be Burned? https://osf.io/k529y, Winsor, A.A., Flowe, H.D., Seale-Carlisle, T.M., Killeen, I.M., Hett, D., Jores, T., Ingham, M., Lee, B.P., Stevens, L.M., & Colloff, M.F. (2020, July 7). Child Witness Expressions of Certainty Are Informative. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/3ZJD6