signal detection theory / théorie de la détection du signal
Synonyms: SDT, signal detection model
Synonymes : TDS, modèle de la détection du signal
Group: Human, Psychology, Thematic grouping Memory and Law
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie, Regroupement thématique Mémoire et justice
Definition: A mathematical model used to study the performance of recognition memory. In a recognition task, signal detection theory allows the assessment of the ability of subjects to discriminate between old (studied) and new items and the strategy used to make their decision (response bias or response criterion).
Définition : Modèle mathématique en psychophysique utilisé en psychologie de la mémoire pour étudier la performance de la reconnaissance. La théorie de la détection dusignal (TDS) permet d’une part d'apprécier la capacité de discrimination du sujet entre éléments à reconnaître (distinguer les éléments étudiés des éléments nouveaux) et la stratégie qu’il adopte pour prendre sa décision, son biais ou critère de réponse (critère libéral ou conservateur utilisé pour décider quand un item doit être reconnu ou non). La TDS suppose que la familiarité des items anciens (étudiés) est normalement distribuée, de même que la distribution des items nouveaux, sachant, qu’en moyenne, les items nouveaux dans un test de reconnaissance sont moins familiers que les items anciens.
Broader term: computational model
Terme générique : modèle computationnel
Narrower terms: dual process signal detection model, single-process models of recognition memory, equal-variance signal detection theory, unequal-variance signal detection theory
Termes spécifiques : modèle de la détection du signal à deux processus, modèles à processus unique de la reconnaissance, théorie de la détection du signal avec variance égale, théorie de la détection du signal avec variance inégale
Related terms: memory strength, d' index, eyewitness testimony, sdtlu, pyWitness, meta-d', B measure, confidence-accuracy relationship, fullROC, rule-out procedure, β index, police lineup, familiarity, ROC curve, hit, false alarm, corrected hit probability"
Termes associés : force du souvenir, indice d', témoignage oculaire, sdtlu, pyWitness, méta-d', mesure B, relation confiance-précision, fullROC, procédure d’exclusion, indice β, tapissage, familiarité, courbe ROC, détection correcte, fausse alarme, probabilité corrigée de détections correctes"
Model of: recognition memory
Theory of: response bias, memory sensitivity
Selected bibliography: Banks, W. P. (1970). Signal detection theory and human memory. Psychological Bulletin, 74(2), 81-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029531 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Cohen, A. L., Starns, J. J., & Rotello, C. M. (2021). sdtlu: An R package for the signal detection analysis of eyewitness lineup data. Behavior Research Methods, 53(1), 278–300. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-020-01402-7 [Study type: software description / Access: open], Egan, J. P. (1958). Recognition memory and the operating characteristic (Technical Note AFCRC-TN-58-51). Indiana University Hearing and Communication Laboratory. [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Green, D. M. & Swets, J. A. (1966). Signal detection theory and psychophysics. Wiley. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Kellen, D., Winiger, S., Dunn, J. C., & Singmann, H. (2021). Testing the foundations of signal detection theory in recognition memory. Psychological Review, 128(6), 1022-1050. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000288 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Lee, J., & Penrod, S. D. (2019). New signal detection theory-based framework for eyewitness performance in lineups. Law and Human Behavior, 43(5), 436–454. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000343 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (pp. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Wixted, J. T. (2007). Dual-process theory and signal-detection theory of recognition memory. Psychological Review, 114(1), 152‑176. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.1.152 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Wixted, J. T., & Mickes, L. (2014). A signal-detection-based diagnostic-feature-detection model of eyewitness identification. Psychological Review, 121(2), 262–276. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035940 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Wixted, J. T. (2020). The forgotten history of signal detection theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 46(2), 201–233. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000732 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Wixted, J. T., & Roediger III, H. L. (2023). Signal detection theory and eyewitness identification. In R. H. Logie, Z. Wen, S. E. Gathercole, N. Cowan, & R. W. Engle (Eds.), Memory in science for society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 63–92). Oxford University Press. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed]
Dataset citations: Singmann, H., Kellen, D., Winiger, S., & Dunn, J. C. (2020, December 22). Testing the Foundations of Signal Detection Theory in Recognition Memory. https://osf.io/zw9yr/