sleep / sommeil
Synonyms: rest
Synonymes : repos
Group: Nonhuman animal, Human, Neurophysiology, Psychology
Groupe : Animal non humain, Homme, Neurophysiologie, Psychologie
Definition: A periodic and reversible process in which an organism enters and maintains a state of reduced alertness, altered consciousness, and reduced motor responsiveness to external stimuli compared to wakefulness. Sleep is critical for many aspects of physiological and psychological functioning, such as mood regulation and memory. It is composed of different stages, such as slow-wave sleep and REM sleep, which are characterised by polysomnographic recordings that measure indicators such as breathing rate, heart rate, electroencephalogram and electromyogram of the arm or leg muscles (Nicolas Ribeiro).
Définition : Processus périodique et réversible dans lequel un organisme entre et maintient un état qui, par rapport à la veille, présente une diminution de la vigilance, une modification de la conscience et une réduction des réponses motrices aux stimuli extérieurs.  Le sommeil est crucial pour de nombreux aspects du fonctionnement physiologique et psychologique, tels que la régulation de l'humeur et de la mémoire. Il est composé de différents stades, tels que le sommeil à ondes lentes et le sommeil paradoxal, qui sont caractérisés à l’aide d’enregistrements polysomnographiques qui mesurent des indices tels que le rythme respiratoire, le rythme cardiaque, l'électroencéphalogramme et l'électromyogramme des muscles des bras ou des jambes (Nicolas Ribeiro).
Broader term: neurophysiological process
Terme générique : processus neurophysiologique
Narrower terms: paradoxical sleep, slow wave sleep
Termes spécifiques : sommeil paradoxal, sommeil à ondes lentes
Related terms: estimator variable, consolidation
Termes associés : variable d’estimation, consolidation
Selected bibliography: Andrillon, T., & Oudiette, D. (2023). What is sleep exactly? Global and local modulations of sleep oscillations all around the clock. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 155, 105465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105465 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Cordi, M. J., & Rasch, B. (2021). How robust are sleep-mediated memory benefits? Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 67, 1‑7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2020.06.002 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Hoedlmoser, K., Peigneux, P., & Rauchs, G. (2022). Recent advances in memory consolidation and information processing during sleep. Journal of Sleep Research, 31(4), e13607. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13607 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Jenkins, J. G., & Dallenbach, K. M. (1924). Obliviscence during sleep and waking. The American Journal of Psychology, 35(4), 605‑612. https://doi.org/10.2307/1414040 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open], Jouvet, M. (1967). The states of sleep. Scientific American, 216(2), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0267-62 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Kumral, D., Matzerath, A., Leonhart, R., & Schönauer, M. (2023). Spindle-dependent memory consolidation in healthy adults: A meta-analysis. Neuropsychologia, 189, 108661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108661 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: closed], Mason, G. M., & Spencer, R. M. C. (2022). Sleep and memory in infancy and childhood. Annual Review of Developmental Psychology, 4, 89-108. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-121020-033411 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Nemeth, D., Gerbier, E., & Janacsek, K. (2019). Four pitfalls in sleep and memory research and how to avoid them. [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201908.0208.v1 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Newbury, C. R., & Monaghan, P. (2019). When does sleep affect veridical and false memory consolidation? A meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(2), 387–400. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1528-4 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: open], Newbury, C. R., Crowley, R., Rastle, K., & Tamminen, J. (2021). Sleep deprivation and memory: Meta-analytic reviews of studies on sleep deprivation before and after learning. Psychological Bulletin, 147(11), 1215–1240. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000348 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: open]