short-term memory / mémoire à court terme
Synonyms: STM, active memory, echo box, immediate memory, primary memory, short-term retention, short-term storage, short-term store
Synonymes : boite d’écho, compartiment à court terme, magasin à court terme, mémoire active, mémoire immédiate, mémoire primaire, rétention à court terme, stockage à court terme
Group: Nonhuman animal, Human, Psychology
Groupe : Animal non humain, Homme, Psychologie
Definition: A limited-capacity storage system in which information is held for a short duration (a few seconds) and is subject to rapid degradation.
Définition : Système de stockage à capacité limitée, dans lequel les informations sont maintenues sur une courte durée (quelques secondes) et se détériorent rapidement.
Broader term: memory
Terme générique : mémoire
Narrower terms: fragile visual short-term memory, buffer memory, chunk, semantic short-term memory, conceptual short-term memory
Termes spécifiques : mémoire visuelle à court terme fragile, mémoire tampon, tronçon, mémoire à court terme sémantique, mémoire conceptuelle à court terme
Related terms: degree centrality, modality effect, language familiarity effect, redintegration, primacy effect, theta rhythm, irrelevant sound effect, simple chunking, Ranschburg phenomenon, choice blindness effect, prefix effect, production effect, semantic feature effect, chunking, sentence superiority effect, phonotactic frequency, working memory, retro-cue effect, short-term consolidation, recency effect, K.F. case, lexicality effect, irrelevant speech effect, acid bath theory, bilateral field advantage, phonological neighbourhood effect, word length effect, output interference, hierarchical chunking, P.V. case, storage, articulatory suppression effect, rehearsal, temporal isolation effect, Hebb effect, trace decay hypothesis, sandwich effect, phonological similarity effect, serial search theory, beta rhythm, serial position curve, contralateral delay activity, Encoding, Storage, Retrieval test, auditory deviant effect ​, orthographic neighborhood effect, inverse modality effect
Termes associés : centralité de degré, effet de modalité, effet du langage familier, rédintégration, effet de primauté, rythme thêta, effet du son non écouté ​, processus de regroupement simple, effet Ranschburg, effet de cécité du choix, effet du préfixe, effet de production, effet des traits sémantiques, tronçonnage, effet de supériorité des phrases, fréquence phonotactique, mémoire de travail, effet de l'indice rétroactif, consolidation à court terme, effet de récence, cas K.F., effet de lexicalité, effet de parole non pertinente, théorie du bain d'acide, avantage du champ bilatéral, effet du voisinage phonologique, effet de longueur des mots, interférence en sortie, processus de regroupement hiérarchique, cas P.V., stockage, effet de suppression articulatoire, autorépétition, effet d'isolement temporel, effet Hebb, hypothèse du déclin de la trace, effet sandwich, effet de similarité phonologique, théorie de la recherche sérielle, rythme bêta, courbe de position sérielle, activité du délai controlatérale, test Encodage, Stockage, Récupération, effet du déviant auditif ​, effet du voisinage orthographique, effet de modalité inverse
Component of: modal model of memory
Impaired in: mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease
Measured by: memory capacity, memory span
Has models: OSCAR model, SEM model
Has study methods: Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen, movement span task, DemTect, Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test for Children, probed recall task, dual-probe recognition task ​, local recognition task, Corsi task, Face-Name Associative Memory Exam, missing scan task, spatial span task, continuous reproduction task, Wechsler Memory Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Sternberg task, global recognition task, California Verbal Learning Test ​, Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test, IMA-12, verbal span task, recognition span task, simple span task, episodic flanker task, directed free recall task, Mini Mental State Examination, span task, category probe task, recall task, Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test, serial recognition task, serial order reconstruction task, Brown-Peterson task, n-back task
Selected bibliography: Cowan, N. (2008). What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory? In W. Sossin, J.-C. Lacaille, V. F. Castelucci, & S. Belleville (Eds.), Progress in Brain Research: The Essence of Memory (Vol. 169, p. 323–338). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(07)00020-9 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Cowan, N. (2019). Short-term memory based on activated long-term memory : A review in response to Norris (2017). Psychological Bulletin, 145(8), 822‑847. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000199 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Norris, D. (2017). Short-term memory and long-term memory are still different. Psychological Bulletin, 143(9), 992-1009. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000108 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Oberauer, K., Lewandowsky, S., Awh, E., Brown, G. D. A., Conway, A., Cowan, N., Donkin, C., Farrell, S., Hitch, G. J., Hurlstone, M. J., Ma, W. J., Morey, C. C., Nee, D. E., Schweppe, J., Vergauwe, E., & Ward, G. (2018). Benchmarks for models of short-term and working memory. Psychological Bulletin, 144(9), 885‑958. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000153 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed]
Dataset citations: Oberauer, K. (2021, October 18). Benchmarks for Models of Short Term and Working Memory. https://osf.io/g49c6/