theory of mind / théorie de l'esprit
Synonyms: ToM, mind reading, mindreading
Group: Nonhuman animal, Human, Psychology
Groupe : Animal non humain, Homme, Psychologie
Domain: Psychology
Domaine : Psychologie
Semantic category: Animal, Human
Catégorie sémantique : Animal, Homme
Definition: "The use of folk psychological knowledge and heuristics (e.g., “mental states are correlated with behaviors”, “mental states differ between agents”) to think about one’s own and other people’s mental states”. (Quesque et al., 2024, p. 2).
Définition : « Utilisation de connaissances psychologiques populaires et d'heuristiques (par exemple, "les états mentaux sont corrélés avec les comportements", "les états mentaux diffèrent entre les agents") pour analyser ses propres états mentaux et ceux d'autres personnes ». (Quesque et al., 2024, p. 2).
Broader term: mentalizing
Terme générique : mentalisation
Related terms: episodic memory, false memory, executive functions
Termes associés : mémoire épisodique, faux souvenir, fonctions exécutives
Selected bibliography: Apperly, I. A. (2012). What is “theory of mind”? Concepts, cognitive processes and individual differences. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(5), 825‑839. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.676055 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Baron-Cohen, S., Leslie, A. M., & Frith, U. (1985). Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind” ? Cognition, 21(1), 37‑46. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(85)90022-8 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Duval, C., Piolino, P., Bejanin, A., Laisney, M., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2011). La théorie de l’esprit : aspects conceptuels, évaluation et effets de l’âge. Revue de neuropsychologie, 3(1), 41‑51. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.031.0041 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Fu, I.-N., Chen, K.-L., Liu, M.-R., Jiang, D.-R., Hsieh, C.-L., & Lee, S.-C. (2023). A systematic review of measures of theory of mind for children. Developmental Review, 67, 101061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2022.101061 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Gatti, D., Stagnitto, S. M., Basile, C., Mazzoni, G., Vecchi, T., Rinaldi, L., & Lecce, S. (2023). Individual differences in theory of mind correlate with the occurrence of false memory: A study with the DRM task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 76(9), 2107–2121. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218221135178 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Krupenye, C., & Call, J. (2019). Theory of mind in animals : Current and future directions. WIREs Cognitive Science, 10(6), e1503. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1503 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Navarro, E. (2022). What is theory of mind? A psychometric study of theory of mind and intelligence. Cognitive Psychology, 136, 101495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2022.101495 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Premack, D., & Woodruff, G. (1978). Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1(4), 515‑526. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00076512 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Quesque, F., Apperly, I., Baillargeon, R., Baron-Cohen, S., Becchio, C., Bekkering, H., Bernstein, D., Bertoux, M., Bird, G., Bukowski, H., Burgmer, P., Carruthers, P., Catmur, C., Dziobek, I., Epley, N., Erle, T. M., Frith, C., Frith, U., Galang, C. M., … Brass, M. (2024). Defining key concepts for mental state attribution. Communications Psychology, 2(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-024-00077-6 [Study type: conceptual analysis / Access: open], Quesque, F., & Rossetti, Y. (2020). What do theory-of-mind tasks actually measure? Theory and practice. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 174569161989660. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691619896607 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Wellman, H. M. (1990). The child’s theory of mind. The MIT Press. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Yeung, E. K. L., Apperly, I. A., & Devine, R. T. (2024). Measures of individual differences in adult theory of mind: A systematic review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 157, 105481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105481 [Study type: literature review / Access: open]