memory conformity / conformisme des souvenirs
Synonyms: co-witness suggestibility effect, social contagion of memory
Synonymes : conformité des souvenirs, contagion sociale d'un souvenir
Group: Human, Psychology, Thematic grouping Memory and Law
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie, Regroupement thématique Mémoire et justice
Definition: A phenomenon observed when “people sometimes 'conform' to another person’s version of events when discussing their recollections together, such that their subsequent individual memory reports converge and become similar.” (Gabbert & Hope, 2013, p. 64).
Définition : Phénomène observé lorsque « des personnes se “conforment” parfois à la version des événements d'une autre personne lorsqu'elles discutent ensemble de leurs souvenirs, de sorte que leurs récits individuels de mémoire ultérieurs convergent et deviennent similaires. » (Gabbert & Hope, 2013, p. 64).
Broader term: misinformation effect
Terme générique : effet de désinformation
Related terms: eyewitness testimony, autobiographical memory, suggestibility, misleading information, reinforced self-affirmation procedure
Termes associés : témoignage oculaire, mémoire autobiographique, suggestibilité, information trompeuse, procédure d'affirmation de soi renforcée
Has theories: source monitoring framework
Has study methods: misinformation paradigm, MORI technique
Editorial note: Memory conformity is a special case of the effect of post-event information on the memory of that event. Here, the post-event information is a memory presented by another person who attended the same event. Such information has the potential to modify an individual’s initial memory after discussion.
Note éditoriale : Le conformisme du souvenir est un cas particulier de l’effet d’une information présentée après un évènement sur la mémoire de cet évènement. Ici, l’information post-événementielle est un souvenir présenté par une autre personne qui a assisté au même évènement. Une telle information peut modifier le souvenir initial d’un individu après discussion.
Selected bibliography: Gabbert, F., & Hope, L. (2013). Suggestibility and memory conformity. In A. M. Ridley, F. Gabbert, & D. J. La Rooy (Eds.), Suggestibility in legal contexts: Psychological research and forensic implications (pp. 63–83). Wiley-Blackwell. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Garry, M., French, L., Kinzett, T., & Mori, K. (2008). Eyewitness memory following discussion : Using the MORI technique with a Western sample. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 22(4), 431‑439. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1376 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Ito, H., Barzykowski, K., Grzesik, M., Gülgöz, S., Gürdere, C., Janssen, S. M. J., Khor, J., Rowthorn, H., Wade, K. A., Luna, K., Albuquerque, P. B., Kumar, D., Singh, A. D., Cecconello, W. W., Cadavid, S., Laird, N. C., Baldassari, M. J., Lindsay, D. S., & Mori, K. (2019). Eyewitness memory distortion following co-witness discussion : A replication of Garry, French, Kinzett, and Mori (2008) in ten countries. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(1), 68‑77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2018.09.004 [Study type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed], Maswood, R., & Rajaram, S. (2019). Social transmission of false memory in small groups and large networks. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(4), 687–709. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12348 [Study type: literature review / Access: free], Wright, D. B., Self, G., & Justice, C. (2000). Memory conformity: Exploring misinformation effects when presented by another person. British Journal of Psychology, 91(2), 189‑202. https://doi.org/10.1348/000712600161781 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Dataset citations: Calado, B., Otgaar, H., & Muris, P. (2018, September 27). Are children better witnesses than adolescents? Developmental trends in different false memory paradigms. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6EMH2, Mori, K., Ito, H., Lindsay, D. S., & Luna, K. (2019, March 19). International Project for Assessing the Average Ratios of Conformity Frequencies among Co-witness Pairs by Utilizing the Standardized MORI Experimental Procedure. https://osf.io/j5f82