datasets-CNRS/thesaurus_psychologie_cognitive_memoire_humaine huggingface dataset:
taboo word effect / effet des mots tabous
Group: Human, Psychology
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie
Definition: A phenomenon of emotion-enhanced memory observed when memory is better for taboo words than for emotionally neutral words.
Définition : Phénomène d'effet émotionnel d'amélioration mnésique observé quand la mémoire de mots tabous est supérieure à la mémoire de mots émotionnellement neutres.
Broader term: emotion-enhanced memory effect
Terme générique : effet émotionnel d'amélioration mnésique
Related terms: episodic memory, emotion, emotional memory
Termes associés : mémoire épisodique, émotion, mémoire émotionnelle
Selected bibliography: Buchanan, T. W., Etzel, J. A., Adolphs, R., & Tranel, D. (2006). The influence of autonomic arousal and semantic relatedness on memory for emotional words. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 61(1), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.10.022 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Guillet, R., & Arndt, J. (2009). Taboo words: The effect of emotion on memory for peripheral information. Memory & Cognition, 37(6), 866–879. https://doi.org/10.3758/MC.37.6.866 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open], Jay, T., Caldwell-Harris, C., & King, K. (2008). Recalling taboo and nontaboo words. The American Journal of Psychology, 121(1), 83–103. https://doi.org/10.2307/20445445 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Kensinger, E. A., & Corkin, S. (2003). Memory enhancement for emotional words: Are emotional words more vividly remembered than neutral words? Memory & Cognition, 31(8), 1169–1180. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03195800 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open], MacKay, D. G., & Ahmetzanov, M. V. (2005). Emotion, memory, and attention in the taboo stroop paradigm: An experimental analogue of flashbulb memories. Psychological Science, 16(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.00776.x [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Madan, C. R., Caplan, J. B., Lau, C. S. M., & Fujiwara, E. (2012). Emotional arousal does not enhance association-memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 66(4), 695–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2012.04.001 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Madan, C. R., Shafer, A. T., Chan, M., & Singhal, A. (2017). Shock and awe: Distinct effects of taboo words on lexical decision and free recall. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 70(4), 793–810. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2016.1167925 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Schmidt, S. R., & Saari, B. (2007). The emotional memory effect: Differential processing or item distinctiveness? Memory & Cognition, 35(8), 1905–1916. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03192924 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open]
mood-congruent memory / mémoire congruente avec l'humeur
Synonyms: mood congruence effect, mood congruency effect
Synonymes : effet de la congruence de l'humeur, souvenir congruent avec l'humeur
Group: Human, Psychology
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie
Definition: Selective retrieval of memories that have the same affective tone as the current mood.
Définition : Récupération sélective de souvenirs qui ont la même tonalité affective que l'humeur du moment.
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: emotion, emotional memory
Termes associés : émotion, mémoire émotionnelle
Selected bibliography: Blaney, P. H. (1986). Affect and memory: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 99(2), 229-246. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.99.2.229 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Faul, L., & LaBar, K. S. (2023). Mood-congruent memory revisited. Psychological Review, 130(6), 1421–1456. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000394 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed]
picture complexity effect / effet de complexité des images
Synonymes : effet de la complexité des images
Group: Human, Psychology
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie
Definition: Better memory for complex pictures than for simple pictures.
Définition : Meilleure rétention des images complexes que des images simples.
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: episodic memory, list composition effect
Termes associés : mémoire épisodique, effet de composition des listes
Moderator variables: List composition: the effect is present in mixed lists, combining complex and simple pictures, but not when comparing pure lists, composed only of complex or simple pictures (Ngyen & McDaniel, 1999).
Selected bibliography: Nguyen, K., & McDaniel, M. A. (2015). The picture complexity effect: Another list composition paradox. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 41(4), 1026-1037. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000071 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Zucco, G., Bardesano, T. A., & Cornoldi, C. (1984). Il ruolo di dettagli non essenziali e della loro predicibilità contestuale nella rievocazione di nomi di figure. = The role of nonessential details and of their contextual predictability in the recall of the names of pictures. Ricerche di Psicologia, 8(4), 43-58. [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Google effect / effet Google
Synonyms: digital amnesia
Synonymes : amnésie numérique
Group: Human, Psychology
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie
Definition: A memory phenomenon occurring when "people are more likely to remember information that is deleted from a computer than information that is saved on a computer" (Schooler & Storm, 2021, p. 1101).
Définition : Phénomène de la mémoire apparaissant quand « les personnes sont plus susceptibles de se souvenir d'informations supprimées d'un ordinateur que d'informations sauvegardées sur un ordinateur » (Schooler & Storm, 2021, p. 1101).
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: transactive memory, cognitive offloading, saving-enhanced memory effect
Termes associés : mémoire transactive, délestage cognitif, effet de mémoire améliorée par la sauvegarde
Selected bibliography: Schooler, J. N., & Storm, B. C. (2021). Saved information is remembered less well than deleted information, if the saving process is perceived as reliable. Memory, 29(9), 1101–1110. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1962356 [Study type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed], Sparrow, B., Liu, J., & Wegner, D. M. (2011). Google effects on memory : Cognitive consequences of having information at our fingertips. Science, 333(6043), 776‑778. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1207745 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed]
negative repetition effect / effet négatif de la répétition
Group: Human, Psychology
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie
Definition: In some conditions, lower recall of a repeated item compared to a non-repeated item.
Définition : Dans certaines circonstances, moins bon rappel d’un item qui a été répété par rapport à un item présenté une seule fois.
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Narrower terms: repetition decrement effect
Termes spécifiques : effet du décrément des répétitions
Related terms: episodic memory, repetition effect
Termes associés : mémoire épisodique, effet de répétition
Selected bibliography: Mulligan, N. W., & Peterson, D. J. (2013). The negative repetition effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(5), 1403-1416. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031789 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Mulligan, N. W. (2020). Negative effects of repetition and testing. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory quirks : The study of odd phenomena in memory (p. 114‑136). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-10 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed]
unconscious transference effect / effet de transfert inconscient
Synonyms: bystander misidentification, unconscious transference
Synonymes : transfert inconscient
Group: Human, Psychology, Thematic grouping Memory and Law
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie, Regroupement thématique Mémoire et justice
Definition: In the context of eyewitness testimony, a phenomenon « which is said to occur when an eyewitness confuses a familiar but innocent person with an actual assailant. » (Ross et al., 1994, p. 918).
Définition : Dans le contexte du témoignage oculaire, un phénomène « qui se produit lorsqu'un témoin oculaire confond une personne familière mais innocente avec un agresseur réel. » (Ross et al., 1994, p. 918).
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: spontaneous false memory, eyewitness testimony, face memory, change blindness, police lineup
Termes associés : faux souvenir spontané, témoignage oculaire, mémoire des visages, cécité au changement, tapissage
Selected bibliography: Brackmann, N., Sauerland, M., & Otgaar, H. (2019). Developmental trends in lineup performance: Adolescents are more prone to innocent bystander misidentifications than children and adults. Memory & Cognition, 47(3), 428–440. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0877-6 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open], Davis, D., Loftus, E. F., Vanous, S., & Cucciare, M. (2008). “Unconscious transference” can be an instance of “change blindness.” Applied Cognitive Psychology, 22(5), 605–623. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1395 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Loftus, E. F. (1976). Unconscious transference in eyewitness identification. Law & Psychology Review, 2, 93–98. [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Read, J. D., Tollestrup, P., Hammersley, R., McFadzen, E., & Christensen, A. (1990). The unconscious transference effect: Are innocent bystanders ever misidentified? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 4(1), 3–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350040103 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Ross, D. F., Ceci, S. J., Dunning, D., & Toglia, M. P. (1994). Unconscious transference and mistaken identity: When a witness misidentifies a familiar but innocent person. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(6), 918–930. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.79.6.918 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Wulff, A. N., & Hyman, I. E. (2022). Crime blindness: The impact of inattentional blindness on eyewitness awareness, memory, and identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(1), 166–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3906 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open]
imagination inflation effect / effet d'inflation par imagination
Synonymes : inflation de l'imagination, inflation par imagination
Group: Human, Psychology, Thematic grouping Memory and Law
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie, Regroupement thématique Mémoire et justice
Definition: A memory error where people are more likely to believe they experienced hypothetical events after imagining them.
Définition : Erreur de mémoire dans laquelle les personnes sont plus susceptibles de croire qu'elles ont vécu des événements hypothétiques après les avoir imaginés.
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: eyewitness testimony, autobiographical memory, episodic memory, false autobiographical belief, false memory, confidence judgment, imagination facilitation effect, induced false memory
Termes associés : témoignage oculaire, mémoire autobiographique, mémoire épisodique, fausse croyance autobiographique, faux souvenir, jugement de confiance, effet facilitateur de l'imagination, faux souvenir induit
Has theories: source monitoring framework
Selected bibliography: Calvillo, D. P., Vasquez, A. N., & Pesavento, A. (2019). Imagination inflation effects are unrelated across two imagination inflation tasks. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 6(1), 90–98. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000178 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Garry, M., Sharman, S. J., Wade, K. A., Hunt, M. J., & Smith, P. J. (2001). Imagination inflation is a fact, not an artifact: A reply to Pezdek and Eddy. Memory & Cognition, 29(5), 719–729. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03200474 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Garry, M., Manning, C. G., Loftus, E. F., & Sherman, S. J. (1996). Imagination inflation: Imagining a childhood event inflates confidence that it occurred. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3(2), 208–214. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03212420 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open], Pezdek, K., & Eddy, R. M. (2001). Imagination inflation: A statistical artifact of regression toward the mean. Memory & Cognition, 29(5), 707–718. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03200473 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open]
Dataset citations: Li, C., Otgaar, H., & Wang, J. (2020, January 16). Creating Nonbelieved Memories for Bizarre Actions Using an Imagination Inflation Procedure. https://osf.io/38jwt
whole-part effect / effet du tout sur la partie
Group: Human, Psychology
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie
Definition: Better recognition of a facial feature (e.g. the nose) when it is presented in the context of a full face rather than in isolation.
Définition : Meilleure reconnaissance d'un trait du visage (par exemple le nez) quand celui-ci est présenté dans le contexte d'un visage complet plutôt qu'isolément.
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: face memory, holistic processing
Termes associés : mémoire des visages, traitement holistique
Selected bibliography: Tanaka, J. W., & Farah, M. J. (1993). Parts and wholes in face recognition. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 46(2), 225-245. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640749308401045 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Tanaka, J. W., & Simonyi, D. (2016). The “parts and wholes” of face recognition: A review of the literature. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(10), 1876–1889. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2016.1146780 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed]
McCabe effect / effet McCabe
Group: Human, Psychology
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie
Domain: Psychology
Domaine : Psychologie
Semantic category: Human
Catégorie sémantique : Homme
Definition: Although more items are immediately recalled in a simple span task (e.g., a word span task) than in a complex span task (e.g., an operation span task), more items processed during the complex span task are recalled in a delayed recall test (McCabe, 2008).
Définition : Bien qu’un plus grand nombre d’items soit rappelé immédiatement dans une tâche d'empan simple (par exemple, dans une tâche d’empan de mots) que dans une tâche d'empan complexe (par exemple, dans une tâche d’empan d’opérations), un plus grand nombre d’items traités au cours de la tâche d'empan complexe est rappelé dans un test de rappel différé (McCabe, 2008).
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: episodic memory, time in-working-memory hypothesis, working memory, complex span task, simple span task
Termes associés : mémoire épisodique, hypothèse du temps en mémoire de travail, mémoire de travail, tâche d'empan complexe, tâche d'empan simple
Selected bibliography: Cotton, K., Sandry, J., & Ricker, T. J. (in press). Secondary task engagement drives the McCabe effect in long-term memory. Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-023-01450-2 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Loaiza, V. M., & Lavilla, E. T. (2021). Elaborative strategies contribute to the long-term benefits of time in working memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 117, 104205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104205 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Loaiza, V. M., Doherty, C., & Howlett, P. (2021). The long-term consequences of retrieval demands during working memory. Memory & Cognition, 49(1), 112‑126. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01079-5 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open], McCabe, D. P. (2008). The role of covert retrieval in working memory span tasks : Evidence from delayed recall tests. Journal of Memory and Language, 58(2), 480‑494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2007.04.004 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2017). Time to process information in working memory improves episodic memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 96, 155‑167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2017.07.002 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Dataset citations: Cotton, K., Sandry, J., & Ricker, T. (2023, July 17). Secondary Task Engagement Drives The McCabe Effect in Long-Term Memory. https://osf.io/e3fqu, Loaiza, V. M. (2020, September 4). The Long-term Consequences of Retrieval Demands During Working Memory. https://osf.io/c9dsw, Loaiza, V. M., & Lavilla, E. T. (2021, June 25). Elaborative strategies contribute to the long-term benefits of time in working memory. https://osf.io/3rqgf, Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2023, March 6). Time to process information in working memory improves episodic memory. https://osf.io/ctgr3
memory blindness effect / effet de cécité mnésique
Synonymes : cécité mnésique
Group: Human, Psychology, Thematic grouping Memory and Law
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie, Regroupement thématique Mémoire et justice
Definition: Phenomenon occurring when a person is unable to detect the differences between his or her original memories of an event and a modified version of those memories containing misleading information.
Définition : Phénomène se manifestant quand une personne ne détecte pas de différence entre ses souvenirs initiaux d'un évènement et une version modifiée de ces souvenirs contenant de fausses informations.
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: eyewitness testimony, blind implantation method, autobiographical memory, episodic memory, misleading information, induced false memory
Termes associés : témoignage oculaire, méthode d'implantation aveugle, mémoire autobiographique, mémoire épisodique, information trompeuse, faux souvenir induit
Selected bibliography: Cochran, K. J., Greenspan, R. L., Bogart, D. F., & Loftus, E. F. (2016). Memory blindness: Altered memory reports lead to distortion in eyewitness memory. Memory & Cognition, 44(5), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-016-0594-y [Study type: empirical study / Access: open], Stille, L., Norin, E., & Sikström, S. (2017). Self-delivered misinformation—Merging the choice blindness and misinformation effect paradigms. PLoS ONE, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173606 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open], Urban, E. J., Cochran, K. J., Acevedo, A. M., Cross, M. P., Pressman, S. D., & Loftus, E. F. (2019). Misremembering pain: A memory blindness approach to adding a better end. Memory & Cognition, 47(5), 954–967. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00913-9 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open]
false-persistence effect / effet de fausse persistance
Group: Human, Psychology, Thematic grouping Memory and Law
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie, Regroupement thématique Mémoire et justice
Definition: False memories are stable over time and, in some circumstances, more so than true memories. Furthermore, with time, the number of false memories increases and the number of true memories decreases (Brainerd & Reyna, 2005).
Définition : Les faux souvenirs sont stables dans le temps et, dans certaines circonstances, peuvent l'être plus que les vrais souvenirs. En outre, avec le temps, le nombre de faux souvenirs peut augmenter, alors même que le nombre de vrais souvenirs décline (Brainerd & Reyna, 2005).
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: eyewitness testimony, false memory, fuzzy trace theory
Termes associés : témoignage oculaire, faux souvenir, théorie de la trace floue
Selected bibliography: Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2005). The science of false memory. Oxford University Press. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed]
semantic blocking effect / effet de regroupement sémantique
Synonyms: category interference effect
Synonymes : effet d'interférence catégorielle
Group: Human, Psychology
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie
Definition: Longer naming latency of pictures grouped by semantic categories.
Définition : Latence de dénomination plus longue d'images regroupées par catégorie sémantique.
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: semantic memory, interference
Termes associés : mémoire sémantique, interférence
Selected bibliography: Kroll, J. F., & Stewart, E. (1994). Category interference in translation and picture naming: Evidence for asymmetric connections between bilingual memory representations. Journal of Memory and Language, 33(2), 149-174. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1994.1008 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed]
drawing effect / effet du dessin
Group: Human, Psychology
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie
Definition: A memory phenomenon that occurs when memory is better for information (e.g. words or definitions) drawn than written during encoding.
Définition : Phénomène de la mémoire observé quand la mémoire est meilleure pour des informations (par exemple, des mots ou des définitions) dessinées plutôt qu'écrites pendant l'encodage.
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: episodic memory
Termes associés : mémoire épisodique
Selected bibliography: Fernandes, M. A., Wammes, J. D., & Meade, M. E. (2018). The surprisingly powerful influence of drawing on memory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 0963721418755385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721418755385 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Maddox, G. A., Bodner, G. E., Christian, M. W., & Williamson, P. (in press). Drawing on memory: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, n/a, e1633. https://doi.org/10.1002/jip.1633 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: open], Meade, M. E., Klein, M. D., & Fernandes, M. A. (2020). The benefit (and cost) of drawing as an encoding strategy. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 73(2), 199–210. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021819869188 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Tran, S. H. N., & Fernandes, M. A. (2023). Drawing enhances memory for emotional words. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 77(4), 296–307. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000319 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Wammes, J. D., Meade, M. E., & Fernandes, M. A. (2016). The drawing effect: Evidence for reliable and robust memory benefits in free recall. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(9), 1752-1776. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2015.1094494 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed]
semantic proximity effect / effet de proximité sémantique
Group: Human, Psychology
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie
Definition: Tendency to recall list items sharing common semantic features together.
Définition : Tendance à rappeler ensemble les items d'une liste qui partagent des attributs sémantiques.
Broader term: memory phenomenon
Terme générique : phénomène de la mémoire
Related terms: episodic memory
Termes associés : mémoire épisodique
Has study methods: free recall task
Selected bibliography: Howard, M. W., & Kahana, M. J. (2002). When does semantic similarity help episodic retrieval? Journal of Memory and Language, 46(1), 85–98. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.2001.2798 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed]