engram / engramme
Synonyms: memory engram, memory trace, mneme, mnemonic trace, mnesic trace, neurogram
Synonymes : empreinte mnésique, mnème, neurogramme, trace mnésique
Group: Nonhuman animal, Human, Neurophysiology
Groupe : Animal non humain, Homme, Neurophysiologie
Definition: "The engram may be defined as that entity that reflects the neural substrate of stored information resulting from past experience and bestowing upon organisms the ability to express memory in their behavior." (Josselyn et al., 2017, p. 4647).
Définition : « L'engramme peut être défini comme l'entité qui reflète le substrat neural de l'information stockée résultant d'une expérience passée et conférant aux organismes la capacité d'exprimer leur mémoire dans leur comportement. » (Josselyn et al., 2017, p. 4647).
Broader term: memory
Terme générique : mémoire
Narrower terms: silent engram
Termes spécifiques : engramme silencieux
Related terms: immediate early gene, optogenetics, Hebb's rule, engram cell, CREB factor, Act-In theory, ecphoric information, causal theory of memory, sharp wave ripple, neurogenic hypthothesis, General Abstract Processing System Model, c-fos, consolidation, ecphory
Termes associés : gène précoce immédiat, optogénétique, règle de Hebb, cellule d'engramme, facteur CREB, théorie Act-In, information ecphorique, théorie causale de la mémoire, onde à front raide, hypothèse neurogénétique, modèle du système de traitement abstrait et général, c-fos, consolidation, ecphorie
Has study methods: optogenetics
Selected bibliography: Brodt, S., & Gais, S. (2021). Memory engrams in the neocortex. The Neuroscientist, 27(4), 427–444. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073858420941528 [Study type: literature review / Access: free], Dudai, Y. (2004). The neurobiology of consolidations, or, how stable is the engram? Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 51-86. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142050 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Gerber, B., Tanimoto, H., & Heisenberg, M. (2004). An engram found? Evaluating the evidence from fruit flies. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 14(6), 737–744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2004.10.014 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Han, J.-H., Kushner, S. A., Yiu, A. P., Hsiang, H.-L., Buch, T., Waisman, A., Bontempi, B., Neve, R. L., Frankland, P. W., & Josselyn, S. A. (2009). Selective erasure of a fear memory. Science, 323(5920), 1492–1496. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164139 [Study type: empirical study / Access: closed], Josselyn, S. A., Köhler, S., & Frankland, P. W. (2015). Finding the engram. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(9), 521–534. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn4000 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Josselyn, S. A., Köhler, S., & Frankland, P. W. (2017). Heroes of the engram. Journal of Neuroscience, 37(18), 4647–4657. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0056-17.2017 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Josselyn, S. A., & Tonegawa, S. (2020). Memory engrams : Recalling the past and imagining the future. Science, 367(6473), eaaw4325. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw4325 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Lashley, K.S. (1950). In search of the engram. Society of Experimental Biology, Symposium No. 4: Physiological mechanisms in animal behaviour (pp. 454 -482). Cambridge University Press. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Lopez, M. R., Wasberg, S. M. H., Gagliardi, C. M., Normandin, M. E., & Muzzio, I. A. (2024). Mystery of the memory engram: History, current knowledge, and unanswered questions. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 105574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105574 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Miry, O., Li, J., & Chen, L. (2021). The quest for the hippocampal memory engram: From theories to experimental evidence. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 14. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.632019 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Najenson, J. (2021). What have we learned about the engram? Synthese, 199(3), 9581–9601. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-021-03216-2 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Poo, M., Pignatelli, M., Ryan, T. J., Tonegawa, S., Bonhoeffer, T., Martin, K. C., Rudenko, A., Tsai, L.-H., Tsien, R. W., Fishell, G., Mullins, C., Gonçalves, J. T., Shtrahman, M., Johnston, S. T., Gage, F. H., Dan, Y., Long, J., Buzsáki, G., & Stevens, C. (2016). What is memory? The present state of the engram. BMC Biology, 14(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-016-0261-6 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Robins, S. K. (2017). Memory traces. In S. Bernecker & K. Michaelian (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of philosophy of memory (pp. 76–87). Routledge. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Robins, S. K. (2020). Stable engrams and neural dynamics. Philosophy of Science, 87(5), 1130–1139. https://doi.org/10.1086/710624 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Schacter, D. L., Eich, J. E., & Tulving, E. (1978). Richard Semon’s theory of memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 17(6), 721–743. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(78)90443-7 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Semon, R. (1904/1921). The Mneme. London: George Allen & Unwin. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Semon, R. (1909/1923). Mnemic Psychology. London: George Allen & Unwin. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed]