own-race bias / biais lié à l’ethnie d’appartenance
Synonyms: ORE, cross-race deficit, cross-race effect, cross-race identification bias, cross-race recognition deficit, other race effect, own-ethnicity bias, own-race recognition deficit
Synonymes : biais d'identification de l'autre race, effet de l'autre race, effet inter-ethnies, effet inter-races, effet transethnique
Group: Human, Psychology, Thematic grouping Memory and Law
Groupe : Homme, Psychologie, Regroupement thématique Mémoire et justice
Definition: A memory phenomenon observed when people are less accurate at recognizing other-race faces than own-race faces.
Définition : Phénomène de la mémoire observé quand des personnes reconnaissent moins bien les visages appartenant à d'autres ethnies que des visages appartenant à leur propre ethnie.
Broader term: own-group bias
Terme générique : biais lié au groupe d'appartenance
Related terms: perceptual-social linkage hypothesis, visual memory, eyewitness testimony, face memory, holistic processing, police lineup, estimator variable, recognition memory
Termes associés : hypothèse du lien perceptif-social, mémoire visuelle, témoignage oculaire, mémoire des visages, traitement holistique, tapissage, variable d’estimation, mémoire de reconnaissance
Has models: feature-selection model, in-group/outgroup model, categorization-individuation model, multidimensional face space model
Has theories: contact theory
Has study methods: recognition task
Selected bibliography: Anthony, T., Copper, C., & Mullen, B. (1992). Cross-racial facial identification: A social cognitive integration. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18(3), 296–301. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167292183005 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: closed], Bothwell, R. K., Brigham, J. C., & Malpass, R. S. (1989). Cross-racial identification. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15(1), 19–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167289151002 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: closed], Brigham, J. C., Bennett, L. B., Meissner, C. A., & Mitchell, T. L. (2007). The influence of race on eyewitness memory. In R. C. L. Lindsay, D. F. Ross, J. D. Read, & M. P. Toglia (Eds.), The handbook of eyewitness psychology, Vol II: Memory for people. (p. 257-281). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. [Study type: literature review / Access: closed], Brown, T. I., Uncapher, M. R., Chow, T. E., Eberhardt, J. L., & Wagner, A. D. (2017). Cognitive control, attention, and the other race effect in memory. PLoS ONE, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173579 [Study type: empirical study / Access: open], Dai, J., Griffin, J. W., & Scherf, K. S. (2024). How is race perceived during adolescence? A meta-analysis of the own-race bias. Developmental Psychology, 60(4), 649–664. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001721 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: closed], Ficco, L., Müller, V. I., Kaufmann, J. M., & Schweinberger, S. R. (2023). Socio-cognitive, expertise-based and appearance-based accounts of the other-‘race’ effect in face perception: A label-based systematic review of neuroimaging results. British Journal of Psychology, 114(S1), 45–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12595 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], Lee, J., & Penrod, S. D. (2022). Three‐level meta‐analysis of the other‐race bias in facial identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(5), 1106–1130. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3997 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: closed], Meissner, C. A., & Brigham, J. C. (2001). Thirty years of investigating the own-race bias in memory for faces: A meta-analytic review. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 7(1), 3-35. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.7.1.3 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: closed], Singh, B., Mellinger, C., Earls, H. A., Tran, J., Bardsley, B., & Correll, J. (2022). Does cross-race contact improve cross-race face perception? A meta-analysis of the cross-race deficit and contact. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 48(6), 865–887. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672211024463 [Study type: meta-analysis / Access: closed], Tüttenberg, S. C., & Wiese, H. (2023). Event-related brain potential correlates of the other-race effect: A review. British Journal of Psychology, 114(S1), 24–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12591 [Study type: literature review / Access: open], de Viviés, X., Kelly, D. J., Cordier, V., & Pascalis, O. (2010). Reconnaissance des visages d’un autre groupe ethnique : éclairage d’une approche développementale. Psychologie Française, 55(3), 243–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2010.07.001 [Study type: literature review / Access: closed]
Dataset citations: Brown, T.I. and Uncapher, M.R. and Chow, T.E. and Eberhardt, J.L. and Wagner, A.D. (2016). Intentional Elaborative Face Encoding and Other Race Effects in Subsequent Memory. Stanford Digital Repository. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/mg371pn3455, Lee, J. (2023, January 11). Three-level meta-analysis of the other-race bias in facial identification. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SJ2TG, Singh, B., Mellinger, C., Earls, H. A., Tran, J., Bardsley, B., & Correll, J. (2021). Does Cross-Race Contact Improve Cross-Race Face Perception? A Meta-Analysis of the Cross-Race Deficit and Contact. https://osf.io/avh3x/