Attribution 4.0 International

Institut de l’information scientifique et technique (Inist) - CNRS/UAR76
Institute for scientific and technical information (Inist) - CNRS/UAR76

Institut de l’information scientifique et technique (Inist) - CNRS/UAR76
Institute for scientific and technical information (Inist) - CNRS/UAR76
Frank Arnould
Le thésaurus de la psychologie cognitive de la mémoire humaine, développé à l’Inist-CNRS, est une ressource terminologique bilingue (français-anglais) qui répertorie les concepts issus de la recherche cognitive sur la mémoire humaine (systèmes et processus mnésiques, effets empiriques, troubles de la mémoire, méthodes d’étude et mesures, théories et modèles).
Les entrées terminologiques du thésaurus sont organisées sous forme de relations hiérarchiques (termes génériques et spécifiques), d’équivalence (synonymes) et d’association.
La majorité des concepts est accompagnée d’une définition et d’une bibliographie sélective. Notes, variables modératrices, citations de jeux de données ouverts et d’études de réplication documentent certaines entrées. D’autres propriétés spécifient les relations sémantiques entre concepts :
• « outil diagnostic de » / « a pour outil diagnostic » ;
• « trouble de » / « perturbé dans » ;
• « mesure de » / « mesuré par » ;
• « méthode d’étude de » / « a pour méthode d’étude » ;
• « modèle de » / « a pour modèle » ;
• « théorie de » / « a pour théorie » ;
• « composant de » / « a pour composant ».
La ressource est alignée avec le Cognitive Atlas (https://www.cognitiveatlas.org/), le thésaurus MeSH bilingue (http://mesh.inserm.fr/FrenchMesh/), le thésaurus SAGE (https://concepts.sagepub.com/vocabularies/social-science/en/), Wikipédia (https://fr.wikipedia.org/), Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org/), l’ontologie Foundational Model of Anatomy (http://www.si.washington.edu/projects/fma), UBERON (http://uberon.github.io/), Scholarpedia (http://scholarpedia.org/article/Main_Page), le thésaurus Santé Psy (https://skosmos.loterre.fr/2CX/fr/), l’ontologie Neuro Behavior Ontology (https://ontobee.org/ontology/NBO) et le vocabulaire FRANCIS de philosophie (https://www.loterre.fr/skosmos/73G/fr/).
The Thesaurus of the Cognitive Psychology of Human Memory, developed at Inist-CNRS, is a bilingual (French-English) terminological resource covering concepts from the cognitive research on human memory (memory systems and processes, empirical effects, memory disorders, study methods and measurements, theories and models).
The terminological entries are organized in the form of hierarchical (generic and specific terms), equivalence (synonyms) and associative relationships.
Most terms are accompanied by a definition and a selective bibliography. Notes, moderator variables, citations of open datasets and replication studies document some entries. Other properties specify the semantic relationships between concepts:
• "is diagnostic tool of" / "has diagnostic tool";
• "is disorder of" / "is impaired in";
• "is measure of" / "measured by";
• "is study method of" / "has study method";
• "is model of" / "has model";
• "is theory of" / "has theory";
• "is component of" / "has component".
The resource is mapped to the Cognitive Atlas (https://www.cognitiveatlas.org/), the bilingual MeSH thesaurus (http://mesh.inserm.fr/FrenchMesh/), the SAGE thesaurus (https://concepts.sagepub.com/vocabularies/social-science/en/), Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/), Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org/), the Foundational Model of Anatomy ontology (http://www.si.washington.edu/projects/fma), UBERON (http://uberon.github.io/), Scholarpedia (http://scholarpedia.org/article/Main_Page), the SantéPsy thesaurus (https://skosmos.loterre.fr/2CX/fr/), the Neuro Behaviour Ontology (https://ontobee.org/ontology/NBO) and the FRANCIS Vocabulary of Philosophy (https://www.loterre.fr/skosmos/73G/en/).
https://dx.doi.org/10.13143/lotr.5330
Thesaurus Cognitive psychology of human memory
Thésaurus Psychologie cognitive de la mémoire humaine
2014-01-01

2023-09-11
Cette ressource contient 1350 entrées terminologiques regroupées en 20 collections.
This resource contains 1350 terminological entries grouped into 20 collections.
2.3

Frank Arnould
2021-07-05
2023-09-04
"A quality is an attribute that is intrinsically associated with its bearer (or its parts), but whose presence/absence and observed/measured value may vary." (source: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000005)
« Une qualité est un attribut qui est intrinsèquement associé à son porteur (ou à ses parties), mais dont la présence/absence et la valeur observée/mesurée peuvent varier. » (source : http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000005)

qualities
qualités
quality
qualité

Frank Arnould
2020-11-02
2023-09-04
"A material entity is a physical entity that is spatially extended, exists as a whole at any point in time and has mass." (source: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000004)
« Une entité matérielle est une entité physique qui s'étend dans l'espace, existe en tant que tout, à tout moment, et possède une masse. » (source : http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000004)

entités matérielles
material entities
entité matérielle
material entity

Frank Arnould
Arp, R., Smith, B., & Spear, A. D. (2015). Building ontologies with Basic Formal Ontology. MIT Press.
2021-07-06
2023-09-04
A process is "an occurrent entity that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts, and always depends on some (at least one) material entity." (Arp et al., 2015, p.121).
Un processus est « une entité occurrente qui existe dans le temps en se produisant ou en se déroulant, qui possède des parties temporelles, et qui dépend toujours d'au moins une entité matérielle. » (Arp et al., 2015, p.121).

processes
process
processus

Frank Arnould
Maier, M., Dongen, N. van, & Borsboom, D. (in press). Comparing theories with the Ising Model of Explanatory Coherence (IMEC). Psychological Methods. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000543
2021-07-05
2023-09-04
effet empirique
empirical effect
empirical generalization
general empirical observation
généralisation empirique
observation empirique générale
"Phenomena are general and stable features of nature, which scientists seek to explain [...]. We tend to identify phenomena as general patterns in data — structures that are observed across datasets — which, in psychology, are often called ’eﬀects.’" (Maier et al., in press).
« Les phénomènes sont des caractéristiques générales et stables de la nature, que les scientifiques cherchent à expliquer […]. Nous avons tendance à identifier les phénomènes à des motifs généraux dans les données — structures qui sont observées à travers des jeux de données — qui, en psychologie, sont souvent appelés "eﬀets“ » (Maier et al., à paraître).
effets empiriques
empirical effects
empirical generalisation
empirical generalisations
empirical generalizations
general empirical observations
généralisations empiriques
observations empiriques générales
phenomena
phénomènes
phenomenon
phénomène

Frank Arnould
2021-06-18
2023-09-04
entité informationnelle
entité à contenu d'information
entité à contenu informationnel
information content entity
An artifactual entity that is about some thing.
Entité artéfactuelle qui est à propos de quelque chose.

entités d'information
entités informationnelles
entités à contenu d'information
entités à contenu informationnel
information content entities
information entities
entité d'information
information entity

Frank Arnould
Choi, S., & Fara, M. (2021). Dispositions. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2021/entries/dispositions/
2021-06-02
2023-09-04
capability
capacité
fonction
function
potentiality
potentialité
A disposition is the tendency of a capability to be exhibited under certain conditions or in response to a certain stimulus (trigger). (Source: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000014 ).
Une disposition est la tendance d'une capacité à se manifester dans certaines conditions ou en réponse à un certain stimulus (déclencheur). (Source : http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000014 ).

capabilities
capacités
dispositions
dispositions
fonctions
functions
potentialities
potentialités
disposition
disposition

Frank Arnould
2021-09-02
2022-09-14
cognitive qualities
qualités cognitives
cognitive quality
qualité cognitive

2021-06-24
2022-01-13

objects
objets
object
objet

Frank Arnould
2020-11-02
2022-01-13
biological entity
entité biologique
"A biological entity is a heterogeneous substance that contains genomic material or is the product of a biological process." (source: http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_010046)
« Une entité biologique est une substance hétérogène qui contient du matériel génétique ou qui est le produit d'un processus biologique. » (source : http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_010046 )
biological entities
biological material entities
entités biologiques
entités matérielles biologiques
biological material entity
entité matérielle biologique

2023-03-07
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Multidisciplinaire
Multidisciplinary
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
development
développement
developmental process
processus développemental

2021-07-06
2023-09-04
"A process that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification." (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011)
"Processus qui réalise un plan, lequel est la concrétisation d'une spécification d'un plan." (source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011)

planned processes
processus planifiés
planned process
processus planifié

Frank Arnould
2020-04-21
2023-09-04
neurophysiological processes
processus neurophysiologiques
neurophysiological process
processus neurophysiologique

Newen, A. (2017). What are cognitive processes? An example-based approach. Synthese, 194(11), 4251–4268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-015-0812-3
2021-07-06
Frank Arnould
2023-09-04
cognitive processing
information processing
traitement cognitif
traitement de l'information
A process that realizes a cognitive disposition.
Processus qui réalise une disposition cognitive.

cognitive processes
processus cognitifs
traitement des informations
cognitive process
processus cognitif

Frank Arnould
2022-01-25
2023-09-04
emotion processing
emotional process
emotional processing
emotional state
traitement émotionnel
état émotionnel
A process that realizes an emotion.
Processus qui réalise une émotion.
emotion processes
emotional processes
emotional states
processus émotionnels
états émotionnels
emotion process
processus émotionnel

2021-07-05
2023-09-04
effet mnésique
memory effect
mnesic phenomenon
phénomène mnésique
Effets empiriques liés à la mémoire.
Empirical effects related to memory.
effets mnésiques
memory effects
memory phenomena
mnesic phenomena
phénomènes de la mémoire
phénomènes mnésiques
memory phenomenon
phénomène de la mémoire

2021-07-05
2023-09-04
metamnesic phenomenon
phénomène métamnésique
Effets empiriques liés à la métamémoire.
Empirical effects related to metamemory.
metamemory phenomena
metamnesic phenomena
phénomènes métamnésiques
metamemory phenomenon
phénomène de la métamémoire

2021-08-10
2023-09-04
Effets empiriques de l'apprentissage.
Empirical effects related to learning.
learning phenomena
phénomènes de l'apprentissage
learning phenomenon
phénomène de l'apprentissage

2021-07-05
2023-09-04
attentional phenomenon
phénomène attentionnel
Effets empiriques liés à l'attention.
Empirical effects related to attention.
attention phenomena
attentional phenomena
phénomènes attentionnels
phénomènes de l'attention
attention phenomenon
phénomène de l'attention

2023-04-03
Frank Arnould
2023-09-04
Informatics
Informatique
application logicielle
computer program
programme d’ordinateur
"Software is a plan specification composed of a series of instructions that can be interpreted by or directly executed by a processing unit." (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000010).
« Un logiciel est une spécification d’un plan composé d’une série d’instructions qui peuvent être interprétés ou directement exécutés par une unité de traitement. » (source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000010).

applications logicielles
computer programs
logiciels
programmes d'ordinateur
softwares
logiciel
software

2021-07-06
2023-09-04
Information servant d'entrée aux analyses ou produite par ces analyses.
Information used as input to or generated by analyses.

données
data
donnée

2021-08-24
2022-01-11
A specified representation for structuring information.
Une représentation spécifiée pour structurer une information.
formats
formats
format
format

2021-06-18
2022-01-11
entités théoriques
theoretical entities
entité théorique
theoretical entity

Frank Arnould
Restle, F., & Greeno, J. G. (1970). Introduction to mathematical psychology. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
2021-06-18
2022-01-13
"A function is a special relation between two sets (or between several sets, called the domain, and one last set, the range), with the following restriction: To each element of the domain, there corresponds exactly one element of the range." (Restle & Greeno, 1970, p. 276).
« Une fonction est une relation particulière entre deux ensembles (ou entre plusieurs ensembles, appelés domaine, et un dernier ensemble, le codomaine), avec la restriction suivante : à chaque élément du domaine correspond exactement un élément du codomaine. » (Restle & Greeno, 1970, p. 276).

fonctions mathématiques
mathematical functions
fonction mathématique
mathematical function

Frank Arnould
2021-07-06
2023-09-04
« Une spécification de plan qui décrit les entrées, les sorties des fonctions mathématiques ainsi que le déroulement de l’exécution pour atteindre un objectif prédéfini. Les algorithmes sont généralement réalisés par le biais d’une mise en œuvre sous forme de programmes informatiques destinés à être exécutés par des automates. »(Source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000064)
“A plan specification which describes inputs, output of mathematical functions as well as workflow of execution for achieving a predefined objective. Algorithms are realized usually by means of implementation as computer programs for execution by automata.” (Source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000064).

algorithmes
algorithms
algorithm
algorithme

2021-06-04
2023-09-04
figure
représentation graphique
A diagram that presents one or more tuples of information by mapping those tuples in to a two dimensional space in a non arbitrary way. (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000038)
Un diagramme qui présente un ou plusieurs tuples d'information en faisant correspondre ces tuples à un espace bidimensionnel de manière non arbitraire.(source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000038)

figures
figures
graphiques
graphs
graph
graphique

Frank Arnould
Brady, T. F., Robinson, M. M., Williams, J. R., & Wixted, J. T. (2023). Measuring memory is harder than you think: How to avoid problematic measurement practices in memory research. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 30(2), 421–449. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02179-w
Stevens, S. S. (1946). On the theory of scales of measurement. Science, 103(2684), 677‑680. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.103.2684.677
2021-06-02
2023-04-29
measurement
« affectation de chiffres à des objets ou événements selon des règles. » (Stevens, 1946, p. 677).
“the assignment of numerals to objects or events according to rules” (Stevens, 1946, p. 677).

measurements
measures
mesures
measure
mesure

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-02-25
contextual reminder
indice contextuel
indice mnésique
memory cue
Any information from the external or internal (mental) environment that the subject uses to code or retrieve target information.
On peut définir un indice mnésique comme toute information de l'environnement externe ou interne (mental) que le sujet utilise pour coder ou récupérer une information cible.

contextual reminders
cues
indices
indices contextuels
indices mnésiques
memory cues
cue
indice

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-02-23
cognitive dysfunction
cognitive dysfunctioning
cognitive impairment
dysfonction cognitive
dysfonctionnement cognitif
trouble de la cognition
Altération des fonctions ou processus cognitifs.
Impairment in cognitive functions or processes.

cognitive disorders
cognitive dysfunctionings
cognitive dysfunctions
cognitive impairments
dysfonctionnements cognitifs
dysfonctions cognitives
troubles cognitifs
troubles de la cognition
cognitive disorder
trouble cognitif

Frank Arnould
Allen, C. (2017). On (not) defining cognition. Synthese, 194(11), 4233‑4249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1454-4
Collins, T., Andler, D., & Tallon-Baudry, C. (Éds.). (2018). La cognition: du neurone à la société. Gallimard.
Facchin, M. (2023). Why can’t we say what cognition is (at least for the time being). Philosophy and the Mind Sciences, 4. https://doi.org/10.33735/phimisci.2023.9664
Reber, A.S. (1995). Dictionary of psychology (Second edition). Penguin Books.
2017-12-04
2023-04-17
aptitude cognitive
capacité cognitive
cognitive ability
cognitive capability
cognitive disposition
disposition cognitive
"A broad (almost unspecifiably so) term which has been traditionally used to refer to such activities as thinking, conceiving, reasoning, etc. Most psychologists have used it to refer to any class of mental ’behaviors’ (using the term very loosely) where the underlying characteristics are of an abstract nature and involve symbolizing, insight, expectancy, complex rule use, imagery, belief, intentionality, problem-solving, and so forth.” (Reber, 1995, p. 133).
« La cognition regroupe un ensemble de phénomènes qui se rapportent à l’esprit humain et à son fonctionnement. La cognition est souvent déclinée en un ensemble de facultés : l’attention, la mémoire, le raisonnement, la prise de décision, la compréhension – bref, tout ce qui pourrait constituer la pensée. […] Toutefois, on inclut également dans le spectre de la cognition des facultés mentales qui peuvent sembler, de premier abord, plus automatiques, moins réfléchies, telles la perception ou l’émotion. » (Collins et al., 2018, p. 9-10).

aptitudes cognitives
capacités cognitives
cognitions
cognitions
cognitive abilities
cognitive capabilities
cognitive dispositions
dispositions cognitives
cognition
cognition

Frank Arnould
Chong, I., & Proctor, R. W. (2020). On the evolution of a radical concept : Affordances according to Gibson and their subsequent use and development. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 15(11), 117–132. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691619868207
Gibson, J. J. (1979). The ecological approach to visual perception. Houghton Mifflin.
Luyat, M., & Regia-Corte, T. (2009). Les affordances : de James Jerome Gibson aux formalisations récentes du concept. L’Année Psychologique, 109(2), 297-332. https://doi.org/10.4074/S000350330900205X
Niveleau, C.-É. (2006). Le concept gibsonien d’affordance : entre filiation, rupture et reconstruction conceptuelle. Intellectica, 43(1), 159–199. https://doi.org/10.3406/intel.2006.1341
Sanders, J. (1997). An ontology of affordances. Ecological Psychology, 9(1), 97‑112. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326969eco0901_4
Toyoshima, F. (2018). Modeling affordances with dispositions. https://www.iaoa.org/jowo2018/wp-content/uploads/simple-file-list/paper20_caos3.pdf
Turvey, M. T. (1992). Affordances and prospective control : An outline of the ontology. Ecological Psychology, 4(3), 173‑187. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326969eco0403_3
2018-07-30
2023-06-16
invite
offrande
Dans la théorie écologique de la perception de Gibson, ce terme désigne toutes les opportunités d’action sur un objet en fonction des capacités sensori-motrices d'un animal.
In Gibson's ecological theory of perception, this term refers to all opportunities for action on an object as a function of an animal's sensory-motor abilities.

affordances
affordances
invites
offrandes
affordance
affordance

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2021-09-02
A concept for which it is difficult to find a precise definition in the literature, referring to the level of robustness and durability of memory traces.
Concept, pour lequel il est difficile de trouver une définition précise dans la littérature, renvoyant au niveau de robustesse et de durabilité des traces mnésiques.
Dans les approches de la mémoire de reconnaissance par la théorie de la détection du signal, la familiarité des items est souvent synonyme de force des souvenirs.
In signal detection theory of recognition memory, familiarity of items is often synonymous with strength of memory.
force du souvenir
memory strength

Frank Arnould
de Sousa, A. F., Chowdhury, A., & Silva, A. J. (2021). Dimensions and mechanisms of memory organization. Neuron, 109(17), 2649–2662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2021.06.014
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
memory structuration
memory structure
structuration de la mémoire
structure de la mémoire
A general term used to describe the organization of information in memory.
Terme générique pour désigner l'organisation des informations en mémoire.
memory organization
organisation de la mémoire

Frank Arnould
Pereira, D. R., Teixeira-Santos, A. C., Sampaio, A., & Pinheiro, A. P. (in press). Examining the effects of emotional valence and arousal on source memory: A meta-analysis of behavioral evidence. Emotion. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001188
Posner, J., Russell, J. A., & Peterson, B. S. (2005). The circumplex model of affect : An integrative approach to affective neuroscience, cognitive development, and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 17(03), 715–734. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579405050340
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
activation émotionnelle
intensité émotionnelle
Intensity level of an emotion.
Niveau d'intensité d'une émotion.
emotional arousal
éveil émotionnel

Frank Arnould
Pereira, D. R., Teixeira-Santos, A. C., Sampaio, A., & Pinheiro, A. P. (in press). Examining the effects of emotional valence and arousal on source memory: A meta-analysis of behavioral evidence. Emotion. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001188
Posner, J., Russell, J. A., & Peterson, B. S. (2005). The circumplex model of affect : An integrative approach to affective neuroscience, cognitive development, and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 17(03), 715–734. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579405050340
2017-12-04
2023-09-05
Caractère positif ou négatif d'une émotion.
Positive or negative aspect of an emotion.
emotional valence
valence émotionnelle

Frank Arnould
Mahr, J. B. (in press). How to become a memory: The individual and collective aspects of mnemicity. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12646
Mahr, J. B., & Schacter, D. L. (2022). Mnemicity versus temporality : Distinguishing between components of episodic representations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 151(10), 2448‑2465. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001215
Mahr, J. B., van Bergen, P., Sutton, J., Schacter, D. L., & Heyes, C. (in press). Mnemicity: A cognitive gadget? Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17456916221141352. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916221141352
Michaelian, K., & Sutton, J. (2017). Memory. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/memory/
2018-08-06
2023-04-18
Criteria specific to memory that distinguishes it from imagination.
Critères propres à la mémoire et permettant de la distinguer de l'imagination.
mnemicity
mnémicité

Frank Arnould
Chiu, C.-D. (2018). Phenomenological characteristics of recovered memory in nonclinical individuals. Psychiatry Research, 259, 135–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.10.021
Simons, J. S., Ritchey, M., & Fernyhough, C. (2022). Brain mechanisms underlying the subjective experience of remembering. Annual Review of Psychology, 73, annurev-psych-030221-025439. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-030221-025439
Sutin, A. R., & Robins, R. W. (2007). Phenomenology of autobiographical memories: The Memory Experiences Questionnaire. Memory, 15(4), 390–411. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701256654
2018-05-24
2022-02-07
caractéristique phénoménologique d'un souvenir
memory phenomenology
phenomenal characteristic
phénoménologie de la mémoire
phénoménologie des souvenirs
How memories are experienced.
Manière dont sont vécus les souvenirs.
caractéristiques phénoménologiques d'un souvenir
caractéristiques phénoménologiques de la mémoire
caractéristiques phénoménologiques des souvenirs
phenomenal characteristics
phenomenological characteristics of memory
caractéristique phénoménologique de la mémoire
phenomenological characteristic of memory

Frank Arnould
Rosch, E. (1978). Principles of categorisation. In Rosch, E. & Lloyd, B.B. (eds), Cognition and categorization (pp. 27-48). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Rosch, E., & Mervis, C. B. (1975). Family resemblances: Studies in the internal structure of categories. Cognitive Psychology, 7(4), 573–605. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(75)90024-9
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
Dans la théorie de Rosch sur les catégories naturelles, un exemplaire typique est le membre le plus représentatif d'une catégorie.
In Rosch's theory of natural categories, a typical exemplar is the most representative member of a category.

typicality
typicalité

Frank Arnould
Collins, A. M., & Quillian, M. R. (1969). Retrieval time from semantic memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8(2), 240–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80069-1
Conrad, C. (1972). Cognitive economy in semantic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 92(2), 149–154. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0032072
2017-12-04
2023-03-17
Dans un réseau sémantique, économie en mémoire consistant à stocker les informations communes à plusieurs concepts au niveau supérieur dans la hiérarchie. Par exemple, les caractéristiques « a des ailes », « vole », « a des plumes » ne seront pas stockées au niveau du concept « canari » mais au niveau du concept « oiseau ». Le concept « canari » hérite de ces caractéristiques.
Economy in a semantic network by storing information that is common to multiple concepts in the upper-level concept in the hierarchy. For example, the properties "has wings", "flies", "has feathers" are not stored with the concept "Canary", but with the concept "Bird". The concept « Canary » inherits these properties.
cognitive economy
économie cognitive

Frank Arnould
Brown, R. (1958). How shall a thing be called? Psychological Review, 65(1), 14–21. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0041727
Cordier, F. (1993). Les représentations cognitives privilégiées : typicalité et niveau de base. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
Rosch, E. (1978). Principles of categorisation. In Rosch, E. & Lloyd, B.B. (eds), Cognition and categorization (pp. 27-48). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Rosch, E., Mervis, C. B., Gray, W. D., Johnson, D. M., & Boyes-Braem, P. (1976). Basic objects in natural categories. Cognitive Psychology, 8(3), 382–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(76)90013-X
2017-12-04
2022-05-12
According to Rosch's theory of natural categories, a privileged categorical level of information processing. A basic level category is informative (members of the category have many attributes in common) and distinctive (members of a basic level category have few attributes in common with members of other categories of the same level). "[...] basic objects are the most inclusive categories whose members: (a) possess significant numbers of attributes in common, (b) have motor programs which are similar to one another, (c) have similar shapes, and (d) can be identified from averaged shapes of members of the class." (Rosch et al., 1976, p. 382).
Selon la théorie de Rosch sur les catégories naturelles, niveau catégoriel privilégié de traitement des informations. Une catégorie de niveau de base est informative (les membres de la catégorie possèdent de nombreux attributs en commun) et discriminative (les membres d'une catégorie de niveau de base possèdent peu d'attributs en commun avec les membres d'autres catégories de même niveau).« [...] les objets de base sont les catégories les plus inclusives dont les membres : (a) possèdent un nombre important d'attributs en commun, (b) ont des programmes moteurs qui sont similaires les uns aux autres, (c) ont des formes similaires, et (d) peuvent être identifiés à partir des formes moyennes des membres de la classe. » (Rosch et al., 1976, p. 382).
Le niveau de base est utilisé de manière privilégiée quand les personnes dénomment ou catégorisent des objets. C'est le niveau d'abstraction catégoriel qui apparaît en premier au cours du développement chez l'enfant. Cependant, le choix du niveau d'abstraction des catégories dépendrait aussi du degré de typicalité des objets et du niveau d'expertise des personnes.
The basic level is used in a privileged way when people name or categorize objects, and appears first in child's development. However, the choice of the abstraction level depends on object typicality and the level of expertise.
basic level
niveau de base

Frank Arnould
Perrin, D., & Rousset, S. (2014). The episodicity of memory. Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 5(3), 291–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-014-0196-1
Sant’Anna, A., Michaelian, K., & Andonovski, N. (in press). Autonoesis and episodicity: Perspectives from philosophy of memory. WIREs Cognitive Science, e1665. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1665
2018-08-06
2023-08-22
Criteria specific to episodic memories that distinguish them from semantic memories.
Critères propres aux souvenirs épisodiques et permettant de les distinguer des souvenirs sémantiques.
episodicity
épisodicité

Richelle, M. (1991). Stimulus. In R. Doron & F. Parot (Eds.). Dictionnaire de psychologie (pp. 649-650). Presses universitaires de France.
2021-07-09
2023-09-04
Any event in the physical world that can activate one of the organism's receptor systems, and thus be the source of a response. (after Richelle, 1991, p. 649).
« […] tout évènement du monde physique pouvant exciter l’un des appareils récepteurs de l’organisme, et être par là à l’origine d’une réponse .» (Richelle, 1991, p. 649).

stimuli
stimuli
stimulus
stimulus

Frank Arnould
2020-11-02
2022-01-11
"Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species." (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062)
« Entité biologique qui est soit un membre individuel d'une espèce biologique, soit constitue l'organisation structurelle d'un membre individuel d'une espèce biologique. » (source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062)

anatomical entities
entités anatomiques
anatomical entity
entité anatomique

Frank Arnould
2018-07-31
2023-09-04
"Neurotrophins are a family of secreted proteins that promote different activities during development and in the adult nervous system, like cell survival and differentiation, synaptic plasticity, and axonal growth." (Franco et al., 2020, p. 83)
« Les neurotrophines sont une famille de protéines sécrétées qui favorisent différentes activités au cours du développement et dans le système nerveux adulte, comme la survie et la différenciation cellulaire, la plasticité synaptique et la croissance axonale. » (Franco et al., 2020, p. 83).

neurotrophines
neurotrophins
neurotrophin
neurotrophine

Frank Arnould
Alberini, C. M. (2009). Transcription factors in long-term memory and synaptic plasticity. Physiological Reviews, 89(1), 121‑145. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00017.2008
2018-08-03
2022-01-12
"A role played by a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the transcription of genetic information from DNA to mRNA" (source: http://anobase.vectorbase.org/mirnao/mirnao.owl#Transcription_Factor)
« ﻿﻿Rôle joué par une protéine qui se lie à des séquences d'ADN spécifiques, contrôlant ainsi la transcription de l'information génétique de l'ADN en ARNm. » (source : http://anobase.vectorbase.org/mirnao/mirnao.owl#Transcription_Factor)

facteurs de transcription
transcription factors
facteur de transcription
transcription factor

2021-08-09
2022-01-11
"A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs." (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026)
« Une entité matérielle qui est un système vivant individuel, tel qu'un animal, une plante, une bactérie ou un virus, capable de se répliquer ou de se reproduire, de croître et de se maintenir dans un environnement adéquat. Un organisme peut être unicellulaire ou composé, comme les humains, de plusieurs milliards de cellules divisées en tissus et organes spécialisés. » (source: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026)
organismes
organisms
organism
organisme

Frank Arnould
Slotnick, S. D. (2017). Cognitive neuroscience of memory. Cambridge University Press.
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
neuromédiateur
"a chemical substance that allows for communication between neurons." (Slotnick, 2017, p. 243).
« substance chimique qui permet la communication entre les neurones. » (Slotnick, 2017, p. 243).

neuromédiateurs
neurotransmetteurs
neurotransmitters
neurotransmetteur
neurotransmitter

Frank Arnould
Kolb, B., & Whishaw, I. Q. (2008). Cerveau et comportement (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck.
2018-08-03
2022-01-13
"A segment of DNA that codes for the synthesis of a protein" (Kolb & Whishaw, 2008, p. 942).
« Un segment d'ADN qui code pour la synthèse d'une protéine » (Kolb & Whishaw, 2008, p. 942).

genes
gènes
gene
gène

Frank Arnould
Kolb, B., & Whishaw, I. Q. (2008). Cerveau et comportement (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck.
2018-06-08
2022-01-13
"Proteins that are present in the cells of all living beings involved in the biochemical reactions underlying the metabolism of living organisms." (Kolb & Whishaw, 2008, p. 940).
« Protéines présentes dans les cellules de tous les êtres vivants intervenant dans les réactions biochimiques à la base du métabolisme des organismes vivants. » (Kolb & Whishaw, 2008, p. 940).

enzymes
enzymes
enzyme
enzyme

2023-03-07
Frank Arnould
2023-09-04
Multidisciplinaire
Multidisciplinary
child development
développement de l'enfant

2023-03-07
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Multidisciplinaire
Multidisciplinary
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
ageing
sénescence
vieillesse
aging
vieillissement

2023-03-07
2023-04-04
Multidisciplinaire
Multidisciplinary
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
développement du nourrisson
infant development

2021-08-18
2023-09-04
La concrétisation de la spécification d’un plan pour l’étude d’une disposition, d’un phénomène ou d’un processus.
The concretization of a plan specification for the study of a disposition, a phenomenon, or a process.
méthodes d'étude
study methods
méthode d'étude
study method

Frank Arnould
Gobet, F., & Sala, G. (In press). Cognitive training: A field in search of a phenomenon. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17456916221091830. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916221091830
Novick, J. M., Bunting, M. F., Dougherty, M. R., & Engle, R. W. (Eds.). (2019). Cognitive and working memory training: Perspectives from psychology, neuroscience, and human development. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199974467.001.0001
Sala, G., & Gobet, F. (2019). Cognitive training does not enhance general cognition. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23(1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2018.10.004
2022-02-24
2023-09-04
cognitive intervention
intervention cognitive
"Cognitive training refers to interventions using cognitive tasks or intellectually demanding activities, the goal of which is to enhance general cognitive ability" (Gobet & Sala, 2023, p. 126).
« L'entraînement cognitif désigne les interventions utilisant des tâches cognitives ou des activités intellectuellement exigeantes, dont le but est d'améliorer les capacités cognitives générales » (Gobet & Sala, 2023, p. 126).
entrainement cognitif
cognitive training
entraînement cognitif

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
intervention thérapeutique
therapeutic intervention
therapy
thérapie
A planned process used to prevent, cure or improve a disease or an undesirable condition.
Processus planifié utilisé pour prévenir, soigner ou améliorer une maladie ou une condition indésirable.

interventions thérapeutiques
therapeutic interventions
therapies
thérapies
traitements
treatments
traitement
treatment

Griffiths, B. J., & Jensen, O. (in press). Gamma oscillations and episodic memory. Trends in Neurosciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2023.07.003
2023-08-22
Frank Arnould
2023-08-22
Neurophysiologie
Neurophysiology
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
activité gamma
fréquence gamma
gamma activity
gamma frequency
gamma oscillation
gamma wave
onde gamma
oscillation gamma
"fast, rhythmic change in the activity of a collection of neurons, often defined to be in the range of 30–80 Hz" (Griffiths & Jensen, in press).
« changement rapide et rythmique de l'activité d'un ensemble de neurones, souvent défini comme étant de l'ordre de 30 à 80 Hz » (Griffiths & Jensen, sous presse).
gamma oscillations
gamma waves
ondes gamma
oscillations gamma
gamma rhythm
rythme gamma

Frank Arnould
Eichenbaum, H., Dudchenko, P., Wood, E., Shapiro, M., & Tanila, H. (1999). The hippocampus, memory, and place cells : Is it spatial memory or a memory space? Neuron, 23(2), 209‑226. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80773-4
2020-11-25
2023-09-04
codage conjonctif
Codage par les neurones de conjonctions de traits.
Feature conjunction coding by neurons.
codage conjoint
conjunctive coding

Frank Arnould
Friedman, D., & Johnson Jr., R. (2000). Event-related potential (ERP) studies of memory encoding and retrieval : A selective review. Microscopy Research and Technique, 51(1), 6‑28. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0029(20001001)51:1<6::AID-JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-R
Hot, P., & Delplanque, S. (Éds.). (2013). Electrophysiologie de la cognition. Paris : Dunod.
2017-12-04
2022-02-14
ERP
Electrical responses of the brain to a stimulus or mental event. Event-related potentials are characterized by their positive or negative waveform, their latency and amplitude.
Réponses électriques du cerveau face à un stimulus ou à un évènement mental. Les potentiels évoqués cognitifs se caractérisent par leur forme d'onde, positive ou négative, leur latence et leur amplitude.

event-related potentials
potentiels évoqués cognitifs

Coco, M. I., Merendino, G., Zappala’, G., & Della Sala, S. (2021, February 5). Semantic interference mechanisms on long-term visual memory and their eye-movement signatures in Mild Cognitive Impairment. https://osf.io/x6jbs/
Coco, M. I., Mikhailova, A., Raposo, A., & Della Sala, S. (2021, April 1). Eye-movements reveal semantic interference effects during the encoding of naturalistic scenes in long-term memory. https://osf.io/7kj3y/
Johansson, R. (2022, June 8). Recollections seen from the viewpoint of different minds. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/D9ZNG
Mertens, G., Landkroon, E., Krypotos, A.-M., van Veen, S., Sevenster, D., & Engelhard, I. (2018, July 23). Comparing three different eye-movement tasks on cognitive load and autobiographical memory interference. https://osf.io/yanqz/
Morey, C. C., Mareva, S., Lelonkiewicz, J. R., & Chevalier, N. (2017, February 17). A developmental investigation of eye movements during a serial spatial memory task. https://osf.io/c6nkh/
Sahan, M. I., van Dijck, J.-P., & Fias, W. (2020, December 23). Grounding of verbal working memory in the oculomotor system: eye-movements reveal access to positions in sequences of memorized words. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/2GB7W
Whitlock, J. (2020, June 22). Eye Movement Analyses of Strong and Weak Memories and Goal-Driven Forgetting - Data. https://osf.io/jxcvu/
Frank Arnould
Hannula, D., Althoff, R., Warren, D., Riggs, L., Cohen, N., & Ryan, J. (2010). Worth a glance : Using eye movements to investigate the cognitive neuroscience of memory. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 4, 166. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2010.00166
Johansson, R., Nyström, M., Dewhurst, R., & Johansson, M. (2022). Eye-movement replay supports episodic remembering. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 289(1976), 20220964. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.0964
Ryan, J. D., & Shen, K. (2020). The eyes are a window into memory. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 32, 1‑6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.12.014
Sahan, M. I., van Dijck, J.-P., & Fias, W. (2021). Eye-movements reveal the serial position of the attended item in verbal working memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 1‑11. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-02005-9
2021-09-29
2023-09-04
Mouvements des globes oculaires qui seraient des indicateurs du contenu et des processus de la mémoire.
Movements of the eyeballs which are thought to be indicative of memory content and processes.

eye movements
eye-movement
eye-movements
mouvements oculaires
eye movement
mouvement oculaire

Castro-Meneses, L. J., Kruger, J.-L., & Doherty, S. (2017). Theta oscillations as an online measure of working memory load in educational video [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/ca6kt/
He, M. (2019). Theta oscillation dynamic by the precuneus during sports experts’ reactivation of a memory engram of sports related information [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/YQ7SH
Peters, B. (2018). Object-based attention prioritizes working memory contents at a theta rhythm [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/rpx6s/
Romei, V. (2018). The speed of parietal theta frequency drives visuospatial working memory capacity [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/rm6qp/
Scholz, S., Schneider, S., & Rose, M. (2016). Differential effects of ongoing EEG beta and theta power on memory formation [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/24azk/
Frank Arnould
Herweg, N. A., Solomon, E. A., & Kahana, M. J. (2020). Theta oscillations in human memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 24(3), 208‑227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.12.006
Köster, M., & Gruber, T. (2022). Rhythms of human attention and memory: An embedded process perspective. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.905837
Rudoler, J. H., Herweg, N. A., & Kahana, M. J. (2023). Hippocampal theta and episodic memory. Journal of Neuroscience, 43(4), 613–620. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1045-22.2022
2021-09-08
2023-09-04
activité thêta
fréquence thêta
onde thêta
oscillation thêta
theta frequency
theta oscillation
theta power
theta wave
Brain neural oscillations in the 4-8 Hz frequency band.
Oscillations neuronales cérébrales dans la bande de fréquence 4-8 Hz.

activités thêta
oscillations thêta
rythmes thêta
theta frequencies
theta oscillations
theta powers
theta rhythms
theta waves
rythme thêta
theta rhythm

Frank Arnould
Ito, M., & Kano, M. (1982). Long-lasting depression of parallel fiber-Purkinje cell transmission induced by conjunctive stimulation of parallel fibers and climbing fibers in the cerebellar cortex. Neuroscience Letters, 33(3), 253–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(82)90380-9
2017-12-04
2020-04-21
Process resulting in a reduction of synaptic efficacy between neurons caused by low frequency stimulation of neurons.
Processus entraînant une réduction de l’efficacité synaptique entre neurones provoquée par des stimulations nerveuses à basse fréquence.

dépression à long terme
long-term depression

Frank Arnould
Foster, D. J. (2017). Replay comes of age. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 40(1), 581–602. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-072116-031538
Genzel, L., Dragoi, G., Frank, L., Ganguly, K., de la Prida, L., Pfeiffer, B., & Robertson, E. (2020). A consensus statement: Defining terms for reactivation analysis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 375(1799), 20200001. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0001
Kaefer, K., Stella, F., McNaughton, B. L., & Battaglia, F. P. (2022). Replay, the default mode network and the cascaded memory systems model. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 23(10), Art. 10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-022-00620-6
Ólafsdóttir, H. F., Bush, D., & Barry, C. (2018). The role of hippocampal replay in memory and planning. Current Biology, 28(1), R37–R50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.10.073
2022-06-07
2023-09-04
neuronal replay
récapitulation neuronale
« une forme spécifique de réactivation qui comprend des informations séquentielles (temporelles et/ou spatiales). Il n’est pas nécessaire que la séquence soit une réplique parfaite de la séquence originale. » (Genzel et al., 2020).
“a specific form of reactivation that includes sequential (temporal and/or spatial) information. The sequence does not have to be a perfect replicate of the original” (Genzel et al., 2020).
replay
récapitulation

Frank Arnould
Bliss, T. V., & Lømo, T. (1973). Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the anaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path. The Journal of Physiology, 232(2), 331–356. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1973.sp010274
Lømo, T. (1966). Frequency potentiation of excitatory synaptic activity in the dentate area of the hippocampal formation. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 68 (Suppl 277), 128.
Lømo, T. (2018). Discovering long‐term potentiation (LTP) – recollections and reflections on what came after. Acta Physiologica, 222(2), 1–1. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12921
Nicoll, R. A. (2017). A brief history of long-term potentiation. Neuron, 93(2), 281–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2016.12.015
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
LTP
long-term synaptic potentiation
potentialisation synaptique à long terme
Process resulting in long-lasting increase in synapse efficiency (a few hours to several weeks) after a series of high-frequency electrical stimulation.
Processus entraînant une augmentation durable (quelques heures à plusieurs semaines) de l'efficacité des synapses après une série de stimulations électriques à haute fréquence.

long-term potentiation
potentialisation à long terme

Demarchi, G., Weisz, N., & Kraft, N. (2019). Auditory cortical alpha / beta desynchronization prioritizes the representation of memory items during a retention period [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PW9RD
Dombrowe, I., & Kroehling, A. (2019). The effect of working memory load on alpha-band power lateralization [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/g9q8v/
Foster, J. J., & Awh, E. (2017). Open Data : Alpha-band activity reveals spontaneous representations of spatial position in visual working memory [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/VW4UC
Foster, J. J., Sutterer, D., Serences, J., Vogel, E. K., & Awh, E. (2015). Open Data : The topography of alpha-band activity tracks the content of spatial working memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/bwzfj/
Kardan, O., Adam, K., Mance, I., Vogel, E. K., Berman, M., & Churchill, N. W. (2020). Distinguishing cognitive effort and working memory load using scale-invariance and alpha suppression in EEG [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/ueamk/
Moorselaar, D. van, & Bree, S. van. (2017). Open Data : Spatially selective alpha oscillations reveal moment-by-moment trade-offs between working memory and attention [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/56rzh/
Riddle, J., Scimeca, J., Cellier, D., Dhanani, S., & D’Esposito, M. (2019). Causal evidence for theta and alpha oscillations in the control of working memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/ufz56/
Schroeder, S. C. Y., & Busch, N. (2019). Alpha oscillations in distractor inhibition during memory retention [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/xjgw3/
Sutterer, D., & Foster, J. J. (2020). Open Data : Alpha-band oscillations track the retrieval of precise spatial representations from long-term memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/bh4dq/
Frank Arnould
Köster, M., & Gruber, T. (2022). Rhythms of human attention and memory: An embedded process perspective. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.905837
Norouzi, H., Tavakoli, N., & Daliri, M. R. (2021). Alpha oscillation during the performance of a new variant of working memory-guided saccade task : Evidence from behavioral and electroencephalographic analyses. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 166, 61‑70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.05.008
2021-09-08
2023-09-04
activité alpha
alpha frequency
alpha oscillation
alpha power
alpha wave
fréquence alpha
onde alpha
oscillation alpha
Brain neural oscillations in the 8-12 Hz frequency band.
Oscillations neuronales cérébrales dans la bande de fréquence 8-12 Hz.

activités alpha
alpha frequencies
alpha oscillations
alpha rhythms
alpha waves
fréquences alpha
ondes alpha
oscillations alpha
rythmes alpha
alpha rhythm
rythme alpha

Frank Arnould
Nicolas Ribeiro
Cordi, M. J., & Rasch, B. (2021). How robust are sleep-mediated memory benefits? Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 67, 1‑7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2020.06.002
Hoedlmoser, K., Peigneux, P., & Rauchs, G. (2022). Recent advances in memory consolidation and information processing during sleep. Journal of Sleep Research, 31(4), e13607. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13607
Jenkins, J. G., & Dallenbach, K. M. (1924). Obliviscence during sleep and waking. The American Journal of Psychology, 35(4), 605‑612. https://doi.org/10.2307/1414040
Jouvet, M. (1967). The states of sleep. Scientific American, 216(2), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0267-62
Mason, G. M., & Spencer, R. M. C. (2022). Sleep and memory in infancy and childhood. Annual Review of Developmental Psychology, 4, annurev-devpsych-121020-033411. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-121020-033411
Nemeth, D., Gerbier, E., & Janacsek, K. (2019). Four pitfalls in sleep and memory research and how to avoid them. [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201908.0208.v1
Newbury, C. R., Crowley, R., Rastle, K., & Tamminen, J. (2021). Sleep deprivation and memory: Meta-analytic reviews of studies on sleep deprivation before and after learning. Psychological Bulletin, 147(11), 1215–1240. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000348
2020-11-03
Newbury, C. R., & Monaghan, P. (2019). When does sleep affect veridical and false memory consolidation? A meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(2), 387–400. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1528-4 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
2023-04-18
repos
rest
A periodic and reversible process in which an organism enters and maintains a state of reduced alertness, altered consciousness, and reduced motor responsiveness to external stimuli compared to wakefulness. Sleep is critical for many aspects of physiological and psychological functioning, such as mood regulation and memory. It is composed of different stages, such as slow-wave sleep and REM sleep, which are characterised by polysomnographic recordings that measure indicators such as breathing rate, heart rate, electroencephalogram and electromyogram of the arm or leg muscles (Nicolas Ribeiro).
Processus périodique et réversible dans lequel un organisme entre et maintient un état qui, par rapport à la veille, présente une diminution de la vigilance, une modification de la conscience et une réduction des réponses motrices aux stimuli extérieurs. Le sommeil est crucial pour de nombreux aspects du fonctionnement physiologique et psychologique, tels que la régulation de l'humeur et de la mémoire. Il est composé de différents stades, tels que le sommeil à ondes lentes et le sommeil paradoxal, qui sont caractérisés à l’aide d’enregistrements polysomnographiques qui mesurent des indices tels que le rythme respiratoire, le rythme cardiaque, l'électroencéphalogramme et l'électromyogramme des muscles des bras ou des jambes (Nicolas Ribeiro).

sleep
sommeil

Frank Arnould
Buzsáki, G. (2015). Hippocampal sharp wave-ripple: A cognitive biomarker for episodic memory and planning. Hippocampus, 25(10), 1073–1188. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22488
Josselyn, S. A., Köhler, S., & Frankland, P. W. (2015). Finding the engram. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(9), 521–534. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn4000
Kragel, J. E., & Voss, J. L. (2022). Looking for the neural basis of memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 26(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2021.10.010
Ross, T. W., & Easton, A. (2022). The hippocampal horizon: Constructing and segmenting experience for episodic memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 132, 181–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.038
2022-06-07
2023-09-04
SPW-R
SWR
"High-frequency neural oscillations that occur in the hippocampus during periods of slow-wave sleep and behavioural immobility." (Josselyn et al., 2015, p. 523).
« Oscillations neuronales à haute fréquence qui se produisent dans l'hippocampe pendant les périodes de sommeil lent et d'immobilité comportementale. » (Josselyn et al., 2015, p. 523).

SWRs
sharp wave ripples
sharp wave-ripple
sharp wave-ripples
sharp-wave ripple
sharp-wave ripples
onde à front raide
sharp wave ripple

Scholz, S., Schneider, S., & Rose, M. (2017, January 10). Differential Effects of Ongoing EEG Beta and Theta Power on Memory Formation.https://osf.io/24azk/
Frank Arnould
Spitzer, B., & Haegens, S. (2017). Beyond the status quo : A role for beta oscillations in endogenous content (re)activation. eNeuro, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0170-17.2017
2021-09-17
2023-09-04
activité bêta
beta oscillation
beta power
beta wave
onde bêta
oscillation bêta
Brain neural oscillations in the 13-30 Hz frequency band.
Oscillations neuronales cérébrales dans la bande de fréquence 13-30 Hz.

activités bêta
beta oscillations
beta rhythms
beta waves
ondes bêta
oscillations bêta
rythmes bêta
beta rhythm
rythme bêta

2021-07-05
2023-09-04
A process that realizes a memory disposition.
Processus qui réalise une disposition mnésique.
memory processes
processus mnésiques
memory process
processus mnésique

Frank Arnould
Nanay, B. (2021). Mental imagery. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2021). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2021/entries/mental-imagery/
Pearson, J. (2019). The human imagination : The cognitive neuroscience of visual mental imagery. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 20(10), 624‑634. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-019-0202-9
Sahadevan, S. S., Chen, Y. Y., & Caplan, J. B. (2021). Imagery-based strategies for memory for associations. Memory, 29(10), 1275–1295. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1978095
2017-12-04
Morton, C., & MacLeod, A. K. (in press). Vividness of imagery and affective response to episodic memories and episodic future thoughts: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2224609 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
2023-07-24

image mentale
imagination
imagination
mental image
représentation imagée
Processus de génération d’une représentation mentale et sensorielle (visuelle, auditive…) d’un évènement ou d’un objet que le sujet a perçus antérieurement ou qu’il crée lui-même. L’imagerie mentale peut être utilisée comme une stratégie pour améliorer la performance de la mémoire.
The process of generating a mental and sensory representation (visual, auditory, etc.) of an event or object that the subject has previously perceived or created by him or herself. Mental imagery can be used as a strategy to enhance memory performance.

images mentales
mental images
représentations imagées
imagerie mentale
mental imagery

2021-07-05
2023-09-04
A process that realizes a metamemory disposition.
Processus qui réalise une disposition de la métamémoire.
metamemory process
processus métamnésique

Frank Arnould
2021-07-13
2023-09-04
A process that realizes a learning disposition.
Processus qui réalise une disposition à l'apprentissage.
learning processes
learning process
processus d'apprentissage

2021-07-05
2023-09-04
attentional processing
traitement attentionnel
A process that realizes an attentional disposition.
Processus qui réalise une disposition attentionnelle.

attentional processes
processus attentionnels
traitements attentionnels
attentional process
processus attentionnel

2021-07-05
2023-09-04
perceptual processing
traitement perceptif
A process that realizes a perceptual disposition.
Processus qui réalise une disposition perceptive.
perceptual processes
processus perceptifs
traitements perceptifs
perceptual process
processus perceptif

Frank Arnould
Collette, F., & Angel, L. (2015). Mémoire et fonctions exécutives : nouvelles pistes de recherche. Biologie Aujourd’hui, 209(3), 287-294. https://doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2015027
Diamond, A. (2013). Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750
Dias, N. M., Helsdingen, I. E., Lins, E. K. R. M. D., Etcheverria, C. E., Dechen, V. D. A., Steffen, L., Cardoso, C. D. O., & Lopes, F. M. (in press). Executive functions beyond the “Holy Trinity”: A scoping review. Neuropsychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000922
2017-12-04
2023-07-26
"a collection of top-down control processes used when going on automatic or relying on instinct or intuition would be ill-advised, insufficient, or impossible" (Diamond, 2013, p. 136).
« ensemble de processus cognitifs dont le rôle principal est de faciliter l’adaptation du sujet aux situations nouvelles et/ou complexes, en particulier lorsque les habiletés cognitives sur-apprises ne sont plus suffisantes. En ce sens, les fonctions exécutives ne sont liées à aucun domaine cognitif en particulier mais apparaissent plutôt avoir un rôle métacognitif, de supervision ou de contrôle sur l’ensemble des autres domaines cognitifs (perception, langage, mémoire,...). » (Collette et Angel, 2015, p. 288).

executive function
fonction exécutive
executive functions
fonctions exécutives

Frank Arnould
2022-01-25
Fink, G. (2017). Stress : Concepts, definition and history. In Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.02208-2 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Kagan, J. (2016). An overly permissive extension. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 11(4), 442‑450. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691616635593 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Klier, C., & Buratto, L. G. (2020). Stress and long-term memory retrieval : A systematic review. Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 42, 284‑291. https://doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2019-0077 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Koolhaas, J. M., Bartolomucci, A., Buwalda, B., de Boer, S. F., Flügge, G., Korte, S. M., Meerlo, P., Murison, R., Olivier, B., Palanza, P., Richter-Levin, G., Sgoifo, A., Steimer, T., Stiedl, O., van Dijk, G., Wöhr, M., & Fuchs, E. (2011). Stress revisited : A critical evaluation of the stress concept. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 35(5), 1291‑1301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.02.003 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Marr, C., Sauerland, M., Otgaar, H., Quaedflieg, C. W. E. M., & Hope, L. (2021). The effects of acute stress on eyewitness memory : An integrative review for eyewitness researchers. Memory, 29(8), 1091-1100. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1955935 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
McEwen, B. S., & Akil, H. (2020). Revisiting the stress concept : Implications for affective disorders. Journal of Neuroscience, 40(1), 12‑21. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0733-19.2019 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Piefke, M., & Glienke, K. (2017). The effects of stress on prospective memory : A systematic review. Psychology & Neuroscience, 10(3), 345‑362. https://doi.org/10.1037/pne0000102 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Richter-Levin, G., & Sandi, C. (2021). Labels matter : Is it stress or is it trauma? Translational Psychiatry, 11(1), 385. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01514-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Romero, L. M., Platts, S. H., Schoech, S. J., Wada, H., Crespi, E., Martin, L. B., & Buck, C. L. (2015). Understanding stress in the healthy animal – potential paths for progress. Stress, 18(5), 491‑497. https://doi.org/10.3109/10253890.2015.1073255 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Schwabe, L. (in press). Memory and stress. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), Oxford handbook of human memory: Vol. II. Applications. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Schwabe, L. (2017). Memory under stress : From single systems to network changes. European Journal of Neuroscience, 45(4), 478‑489. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.13478 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Selye, H. (1936). A syndrome produced by diverse nocuous agents. Nature, 138(3479), 32‑32. https://doi.org/10.1038/138032a0 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Shields, G. S., Sazma, M. A., McCullough, A. M., & Yonelinas, A. P. (2017). The effects of acute stress on episodic memory : A meta-analysis and integrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 143(6), 636‑675. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000100 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Thomas, A. K., & Wulff, A. N. (in press). What the acute stress response suggests about memory. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12664 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wolf, O. T. (2017). Stress and memory retrieval : Mechanisms and consequences. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 14, 40‑46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.12.001 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05

situation stressante
stressful event
événement stressant
An emotional state associated with cognitive, physiological, and behavioral changes in response to unpredictable or uncontrollable situations.
État émotionnel associé à des changements cognitifs, physiologiques et comportementaux face à des situations non prévisibles ou non contrôlables.
Le concept de stress est ambigu et a connu de nombreuses évolutions. Il ne bénéficie pas d’une définition universellement reconnue.
The concept of stress is ambiguous and has undergone numerous transformations. It has no universally accepted definition.

situations stressantes
stressful events
événements stressants
stress
stress

Bennion, K. A., Ford, J. H., Murray, B. D., & Kensinger, E. A. (2013). Oversimplification in the study of emotional memory. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 19(9), 953–961. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617713000945
2023-06-13
Frank Arnould
2023-06-13
Psychologie
Psychology
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
mémoire des émotions
« La "mémoire émotionnelle" est une expression générique pour désigner le souvenir d'un événement qui suscite des réactions émotionnelles. » (Bennion et al., 2013, p. 953).
““Emotional memory” is a shorthand phrase to refer to a memory for an event that elicits emotional reactions.” (Bennion et al., 2013, p. 953).
emotional memory
mémoire émotionnelle

Frank Arnould
2021-09-07
Mirandola, C., Toffalini, E., Ciriello, A., & Cornoldi, C. (2017). Working memory affects false memory production for emotional events. Cognition & Emotion, 31(1), 33–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2015.1075379 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
A method for studying spontaneous emotional false memories.
Méthode d’étude des faux souvenirs émotionnels et spontanés.
Les participants étudient des épisodes ou scripts présentés sous forme de séries de photographies. Chaque série se termine de manière négative, positive ou émotionnellement neutre. Cependant, la scène représentant la cause de l’issue de chaque histoire n’est pas présentée. Les sujets participent ensuite à un test de reconnaissance durant lequel ils doivent reconnaitre les photographies étudiées parmi des photographies distractrices, dont celles représentant les scènes causales, ainsi que de nouvelles photographies cohérentes avec les différents scénarios.
Participants study episodes or scripts presented as a series of photographs. Each series ends in a negative, positive, or emotionally neutral way. However, the scene representing the cause of the outcome of each story is not presented. Subjects then participate in a recognition test in which they are asked to recognize the studied photographs among distracting photographs, including those representing the causal scenes, as well as new photographs consistent with the various scripts.
emotional false memory paradigm
paradigme des faux souvenirs émotionnels

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Christophe, V. (2019). Les émotions : Tour d’horizon des principales théories. Presses universitaires du Septentrion. http://books.openedition.org/septentrion/50970 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Conty, L., & Dubal, S. (2018). Émotions. In T. Collins, D. Andler, & C. Tallon-Baudry (Éds.), La cognition : Du neurone à la société (p. 518‑562). Gallimard. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Dixon, T. (2012). “Emotion”: The history of a keyword in crisis. Emotion Review, 4(4), 338–344. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073912445814 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Fiske, A. P. (2020). The lexical fallacy in emotion research: Mistaking vernacular words for psychological entities. Psychological Review, 1, 95–113. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000174 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Głomb, K. (2022). How to improve eyewitness testimony research: Theoretical and methodological concerns about experiments on the impact of emotions on memory performance. Psychological Research, 86(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-021-01488-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Kaplan, R. L., Van Damme, I., Levine, L. J., & Loftus, E. F. (2016). Emotion and false memory. Emotion Review, 8(1), 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073915601228 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Keltner, D. (2019). Toward a consensual taxonomy of emotions. Cognition & Emotion, 33(1), 14–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2019.1574397 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Kensinger, E. A., & Ford, J. H. (2020). Retrieval of emotional events from memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 251‑272. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-051123 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Kleinginna, P. R., & Kleinginna, A. M. (1981). A categorized list of emotion definitions, with suggestions for a consensual definition. Motivation and Emotion, 5(4), 345–379. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00992553 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Lemaire, P. (2021). Émotion et cognition. De Boeck Supérieur. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Mulligan, K., & Scherer, K. R. (2012). Toward a working definition of emotion. Emotion Review, 4(4), 345–357. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073912445818 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Retkoceri, U. (2022). Remembering emotions. Biology & Philosophy, 37(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10539-022-09834-5 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Sander, D., & Scherer, K. R. (Eds.). (2019). Traité de psychologie des émotions. Dunod. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Sharma, P. R., Wade, K. A., & Jobson, L. (2023). A systematic review of the relationship between emotion and susceptibility to misinformation. Memory, 31(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2120623 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Tyng, C. M., Amin, H. U., Saad, M. N. M., & Malik, A. S. (2017). The influences of emotion on learning and memory. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01454 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-09-05
"Emotions describe a complex set of interactions between subjective and objective variables that are mediated by neural and hormonal systems, which can (a) give rise to aﬀective experiences of emotional valence (pleasure-displeasure) and emotional arousal (high-low activation/calming-arousing); (b) generate cognitive processes such as emotionally relevant perceptual aﬀect, appraisals, labeling processes; (c) activate widespread psychological and physiological changes to the arousing conditions; and (d) motivate behavior that is often but not always expressive, goal-directed and adaptive." (Kleinginna & Kleinginna, 1981, p. 355).
« état affectif multidimensionnel qui s’accompagne de manifestations physiologiques, cognitives, expressives et subjectives. » (Christophe, 2019).
Il n'existe pas de définition consensuelle de ce qu'est une émotion.
There is no consensus on a definition of what an emotion is.

affectif
affectifs
affective
affective
affectives
emotional
emotions
émotionnel
émotionnelle
émotionnelles
émotionnels
émotions
emotion
émotion

Frank Arnould
McGaugh, J. L. (2004). The amygdala modulates the consolidation of memories of emotionally arousing experiences. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 27(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144157
Yonelinas, A. P., & Ritchey, M. (2015). The slow forgetting of emotional episodic memories: an emotional binding account. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 19(5), 259-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2015.02.009
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Processus par lequel l'amygdale favorise la consolidation des souvenirs émotionnels.
The process by which the amygdala promotes the consolidation of emotional memories.
consolidation émotionnelle
emotional consolidation

Witherby, A., Babineau, A., & Tauber, U. (2023). Witherby, Babineau, & Tauber—Does Interactive Imagery Influence the Reactive Effect of Judgments of Learning on Memory? https://osf.io/q87g2/
Double, K. S., & Birney, D. P. (2019). Reactivity to measures of metacognition. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2755. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02755
Double, K. S., Birney, D. P., & Walker, S. A. (2018). A meta-analysis and systematic review of reactivity to judgements of learning. Memory, 26(6), 741–750. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1404111
Witherby, A. E., Babineau, A. L., & Tauber, S. K. (2023). Does interactive imagery influence the reactive effect of judgments of learning on memory? Journal of Intelligence, 11(7), Article 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence11070139
2023-07-27
Frank Arnould
2023-07-31
Psychologie
Psychology
Type de stimulus : un effet de réactivité mnésique positif sur la mémoire est observé avec des listes de paires de mots sémantiquement liés et des listes de mots, mais pas avec des listes de paires de mots non sémantiquement liés ou contenant un mélange de paires de mots liés et non liés (Double et al., 2018).
Type of stimulus: a positive memory reactivity effect is observed with lists of semantically related word pairs and word lists, but not with lists of unrelated word pairs or with lists containing a mix of related and unrelated word pairs (Double et al., 2018).
Homme
Human
JOL reactivity
effet de réactivité
reactive effect
reactivity effect
Phenomenon observed when judgements of learning affect memory performance.
Phénomène observé quand des jugements d'apprentissage modifient la performance de la mémoire.
effet de réactivité mnésique
memory reactivity effect

Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., Bogaard, G. & Mangiulli, I. (2022, July 1). The Impact of Forced Confabulation on Spontaneous False Memory Formation. https://osf.io/y587d
Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., Mangiulli, I. & Bogaard, G. (2022, November 25). Stage 2 Registered Report Factors Affecting the Forced Confabulation Effect: A Meta-Analysis of Laboratory Studies. https://osf.io/4mqpx
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
Paul Riesthuis
Ackil, J. K., & Zaragoza, M. S. (1998). Memorial consequences of forced confabulation : Age differences in susceptibility to false memories. Developmental Psychology, 34(6), 1358‑1372. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.34.6.1358 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., Bogaard, G., & Mangiulli, I. (2023). Factors affecting the forced confabulation effect: A meta-analysis of laboratory studies. Memory, 31(5), 635–651. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2185931 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
2023-07-03
Psychologie
Psychology
Experimental design: larger forced confabulation effect in within-subject designs than between-subject designs (Riesthuis et al., 2023).
Feedback : l’effet de confabulation forcée est plus important quand les confabulations sont confirmées en retour (par exemple, « Vous avez raison ») comparativement à un retour neutre (Riesthuis et al., 2023).
Feedback: larger forced confabulation effect when forced confabulations are followed by confirmatory feedback (e.g. "You are right") compared with neutral feedback (Riesthuis et al., 2023).
Intervalle de rétention : La méta-analyse de Riesthuis et al. (2023) montre que le délai entre les confabulations forcées et le moment du test de mémoire n’altère pas l’effet de confabulation forcée quand les confabulations forcées pour des détails et des événements entiers ne sont pas différenciées. Cependant, l'analyse qualitative de deux études montre que l'effet est plus important pour les confabulations forcées d'événements entiers après un long délai (6 à 8 semaines) qu’après un délai plus court (1 semaine).
Plan expérimental : l’effet de confabulation forcée est plus important dans les plans intra-sujets que dans les plans inter-sujets (Riesthuis et al., 2023).
Retention interval: the meta-analysis by Riesthuis et al. (2023) showed that the delay between forced confabulations and the time of the memory test did not alter the forced confabulation effect when forced confabulations for details and entire events were not distinguished. However, a qualitative analysis of two studies showed that the forced confabulation effect for entire events is larger after a longer delay (6 or 8 weeks) compared with a shorter delay (1 week).
Type de confabulation : l’effet de confabulation forcée est plus important pour les confabulations volontaires que pour les confabulations forcées (Riesthuis et al., 2023).
Type of confabulation: larger forced confabulation effect for voluntary confabulations than for forced confabulations (Riesthuis et al., 2023).
Homme
Human
effet de confabulation contrainte
effet de fabrication forcée
forced fabrication effect
Formation de faux souvenirs pour des détails ou des événements qu’une personne a été contrainte d’inventer (Paul Riesthuis).
The formation of false memories for forcedly confabulated details or events (Paul Riesthuis).
effet de confabulation forcée
forced confabulation effect

Malmberg, K. J., Steyvers, M., Stephens, J. D., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2002). Feature frequency effects in recognition memory. Memory & Cognition, 30(4), 607–613. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194962
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-22
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Better recognition of words with rare letters than words with common letters.
Meilleure reconnaissance de mots comportant des lettres rares comparativement aux mots composés de lettres fréquentes.
effet de la fréquence des lettres
letter-frequency effect

Dunsmoor, J. E., Murty, V. P., Clewett, D., Phelps, E. A., & Davachi, L. (2022). Tag and capture: How salient experiences target and rescue nearby events in memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 26(9), 782–795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2022.06.009
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-16
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
La mémoire d’évènements saillants (c’est-à-dire, émotionnels, nouveaux ou surprenants) peut améliorer la mémoire d’évènements ordinaires qui sont proches dans le temps durant une fenêtre temporelle critique pouvant durer jusqu’à plusieurs heures.
Memory for salient events can strengthen memory for weakly encoded, mundane events that are close in time over a temporal window of up to several hours.
memory penumbra
pénombre mnésique

O’Donnell, R., & Chan, J. C. (2023, April 9). A Pre-registered Replication of Loftus (1979). https://osf.io/ckbr9
2023-06-19
Frank Arnould
Loftus, E. F. (1979). Reactions to blatantly contradictory information. Memory & Cognition, 7(5), 368–374. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196941 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
O’Donnell, R., & Chan, J. C. K. (in press). Does blatantly contradictory information reduce the misinformation effect? A Registered Report replication of Loftus (1979). Legal and Criminological Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12242 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-09-05
Psychologie
Psychology
Delai : l’effet d’inoculation est éliminé quand la fausse information ouvertement contradictoire est présentée après les fausses informations plus subtiles (Loftus, 1979).
Delay : the inoculation effect is eliminated when the blatantly contradictory misinformation is presented after the subtler misinformation (Loftus, 1979).
Homme
Human
Le fait d’inclure une fausse information en contradiction flagrante avec les faits protègerait contre l’effet d’autres fausses informations plus subtiles sur la mémoire (Loftus, 1979).
The inclusion of misinformation that blatantly contradicts the facts is thought to protect against the effect of other subtler misinformation on memory (Loftus, 1979).
effet d’inoculation
inoculation effect

Fischhoff, B. (2003). Hindsight ≠ foresight: The effect of outcome knowledge on judgment under uncertainty. BMJ Quality & Safety, 12(4), 304–311. https://doi.org/10.1136/qhc.12.4.304
Pohl, R. F., & Erdfelder, E. (2022). Hindsight bias. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions: Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgement, and memory (3rd ed., pp. 436–454). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003154730-31
Roese, N. J., & Vohs, K. D. (2012). Hindsight bias. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7(5), 411–426. https://doi.org/10.1177/174569161245430
2023-07-28
Frank Arnould
2023-07-28
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
creeping determinism
knew-it-all-along effect
Biais consistant à croire qu'un événement est prévisible après que cet événement est connu.
« the belief that an event is more predictable after it becomes known than it was before it became known. » (Roese et Vohs, 2012, p. 411).

biais rétrospectif
hindsight bias

Bartolomei, F., Lagarde, S., Médina Villalon, S., McGonigal, A., & Benar, C. G. (2017). The “Proust phenomenon” : Odor-evoked autobiographical memories triggered by direct amygdala stimulation in human. Cortex, 90, 173‑175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2016.12.005
Campen, C. van. (2014). The Proust effect : The senses as doorways to lost memories. Oxford University Press.
Chu, S. (2000). Odour-evoked autobiographical memories : Psychological investigations of proustian phenomena. Chemical Senses, 25(1), 111‑116. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/25.1.111
Ernst, A., Bertrand, J. M. F., Voltzenlogel, V., Souchay, C., & Moulin, C. J. A. (2021). The Proust machine: What a public science event tells us about autobiographical memory and the five senses. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.623910
Green, J. D., Reid, C. A., Kneuer, M. A., & Hedgebeth, M. V. (in press). The Proust effect : Scents, food, and nostalgia. Current Opinion in Psychology, 101562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101562
Hackländer, R. P. M., Janssen, S. M. J., & Bermeitinger, C. (2019). An in-depth review of the methods, findings, and theories associated with odor-evoked autobiographical memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(2), 401‑429. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1545-3
Jellinek, J. S. (2004). Proust remembered: Has Proust’s account of odor-cued autobiographical memory recall really been investigated? Chemical Senses, 29(5), 455–458. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjh043
Lopis, D., Valentin, D., & Manetta, C. (2023). Odor-evoked memories: The importance of choosing the right odor. Acta Psychologica, 236, 103932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103932
Mace, J. H. (2004). Involuntary autobiographical memories are highly dependent on abstract cuing : The Proustian view is incorrect. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 18(7), 893‑899. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1020
de Bruijn, M. J., & Bender, M. (2018). Olfactory cues are more effective than visual cues in experimentally triggering autobiographical memories. Memory, 26(4), 547‑558. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1381744
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-05-22
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Proust phenomenon
phénomène de Proust
"The Proust Effect refers to the emotionality and vividness of re-experiencing autobiographical memories triggered by the senses" (Green et al., in press).
« L'effet Proust fait référence à l'émotion et à la vivacité de la reviviscence des souvenirs autobiographiques déclenchés par les sens » (Green et al., à paraître).
Proust effect
effet Proust

Lalchandani, L. A., & Healy, A. F. (2022). Elucidating the cognitive processes involved in the note‐taking effect. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(5), 1009–1021. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3985
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-27
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
effet d’encodage
encoding effect
Effet selon lequel la prise de note améliore la rétention d’informations même sans occasion de les relire (Lalchandani & Healy, 2022).
Note-taking improves retention of information even without the opportunity to review the notes (Lalchandani & Healy, 2022).
effet de la prise de notes
note-taking effect

Cotton, K., Sandry, J., & Ricker, T. (2023, July 17). Secondary Task Engagement Drives The McCabe Effect in Long-Term Memory. https://osf.io/e3fqu
Loaiza, V. M. (2020, September 4). The Long-term Consequences of Retrieval Demands During Working Memory. https://osf.io/c9dsw
Loaiza, V. M., & Lavilla, E. T. (2021, June 25). Elaborative strategies contribute to the long-term benefits of time in working memory. https://osf.io/3rqgf
Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2023, March 6). Time to process information in working memory improves episodic memory. https://osf.io/ctgr3
Cotton, K., Sandry, J., & Ricker, T. J. (2023). Secondary task engagement drives the McCabe effect in long-term memory. Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-023-01450-2
Loaiza, V. M., & Lavilla, E. T. (2021). Elaborative strategies contribute to the long-term benefits of time in working memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 117, 104205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104205
Loaiza, V. M., Doherty, C., & Howlett, P. (2021). The long-term consequences of retrieval demands during working memory. Memory & Cognition, 49(1), 112‑126. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01079-5
McCabe, D. P. (2008). The role of covert retrieval in working memory span tasks : Evidence from delayed recall tests. Journal of Memory and Language, 58(2), 480‑494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2007.04.004
Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2017). Time to process information in working memory improves episodic memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 96, 155‑167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2017.07.002
2023-08-22
Frank Arnould
2023-08-22
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Although more items are immediately recalled in a simple span task (e.g., a word span task) than in a complex span task (e.g., an operation span task), more items processed during the complex span task are recalled in a delayed recall test (McCabe, 2008).
Bien qu’un plus grand nombre d’items soit rappelé immédiatement dans une tâche d'empan simple (par exemple, dans une tâche d’empan de mots) que dans une tâche d'empan complexe (par exemple, dans une tâche d’empan d’opérations), un plus grand nombre d’items traités au cours de la tâche d'empan complexe est rappelé dans un test de rappel différé (McCabe, 2008).
McCabe effect
effet McCabe

2023-06-30
Frank Arnould
Ross, M., Spencer, S. J., Blatz, C. W., & Restorick, E. (2008). Collaboration reduces the frequency of false memories in older and younger adults. Psychology and Aging, 23(1), 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.85 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Rossi-Arnaud, C., Spataro, P., Santirocchi, A., Pesola, M. C., Costantini, L., & Cestari, V. (in press). Positive and negative effects of collaboration on suggestibility and false memory in online groups. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04775-y [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Rossi-Arnaud, C., Spataro, P., Bhatia, D., & Cestari, V. (2019). Collaborative remembering reduces suggestibility: A study with the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale. Memory, 27(5), 603–611. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2018.1542004 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Vredeveldt, A., Hildebrandt, A., & van Koppen, P. J. (2016). Acknowledge, repeat, rephrase, elaborate: Witnesses can help each other remember more. Memory, 24(5), 669–682. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1042884 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-06-30
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Phenomenon whereby the collaborative recall by people remembering together contains fewer errors than the combined (and non-redundant) recall by people remembering separately (nominal recall).
Phénomène apparaissant quand le rappel collaboratif de personnes se souvenant ensemble contient généralement moins d’erreurs de mémoire que le rappel combiné (et non redondant) de personnes se souvenant séparément (rappel nominal).
effet d’élagage des erreurs
error-pruning effect

Pazdera, J. K. (2022, June 7). Modality Effects in Free Recall: A Retrieved-Context Account. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/4RZ7K
Beaman, C. P. (2002). Inverting the modality effect in serial recall. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Section A, 55(2), 371–389. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980143000307
Grenfell-Essam, R., Ward, G., & Tan, L. (2017). Common modality effects in immediate free recall and immediate serial recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(12), 1909–1933. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000430
Pazdera, J. K., & Kahana, M. J. (2023). Modality effects in free recall: A retrieved-context account. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 49(6), 866–888. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001140.supp
2023-06-19
Frank Arnould
2023-06-19
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
"the observation that prerecency visual items can sometimes show a recall advantage relative to the prerecency auditory items." (Grenfell-Essam et al., 2017, p. 1911).
Tendance à mieux rappeler les items de début de liste s’ils ont été présentés visuellement plutôt qu’auditivement.
effet de modalité inverse
inverse modality effect

Buratto, L. G., Matthews, W. J., & Lamberts, K. (2009). When are moving images remembered better? Study–test congruence and the dynamic superiority effect. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62(10), 1896–1903. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210902883263
Matthews, W. J., Benjamin, C., & Osborne, C. (2007). Memory for moving and static images. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(5), 989–993. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194133
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-13
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Better memory for dynamic images than for static images.
Meilleure mémoire pour les images dynamiques que pour les images statiques.
dynamic superiority effect
effet de supériorité dynamique

Frank Arnould
Posner, M. I., & Keele, S. W. (1968). On the genesis of abstract ideas. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 77(3, Pt.1), 353-363. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0025953
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
prototype-enhancement effect
Tendance à reconnaître par erreur un prototype non étudié qui a servi à générer les stimuli de la liste d'étude, ceux-ci représentant donc des variations du prototype.
Tendency to falsely recognize an unstudied prototype which was used to generate the study items as variations of that prototype.
effet du prototype
prototype effect

Frank Arnould
Jacoby, L. L., Woloshyn, V., & Kelley, C. (1989). Becoming famous without being recognized: Unconscious influences of memory produced by dividing attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118(2), 115-125. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.118.2.115
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Les noms de personnages inconnus étudiés en situation d'attention divisée sont plus facilement jugés célèbres ultérieurement en comparaison avec de nouveaux noms inconnus (Jacoby, Woloshyn et Kelley, 1989.)
Names of unknown people, studied under divided attention, are more likely to be judged to be famous in a memory test compared to new unknown names (Jacoby, Woloshyn, & Kelley, 1989).
effet de fausse célébrité
false fame effect

Frank Arnould
Safer, M. A., Christianson, S.-Å., Autry, M. W., & Österlund, K. (1998). Tunnel memory for traumatic events. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 12(2), 99–117. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199804)12:2<99::AID-ACP509>3.0.CO;2-7
Berntsen, D. (2002). Tunnel memories for autobiographical events: Central details are remembered more frequently from shocking than from happy experiences. Memory & Cognition, 30(7), 1010–1020. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194319
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Notion proposée par Safer et al. (1998) pour rendre compte du fait que la mémoire d'événements émotionnels négatifs est meilleure pour les détails centraux que pour les éléments périphériques.
Term proposed by Safer et al. (1998) to account for the fact that the memory of negative emotional events is better for the central details than for the peripheral details.
souvenirs tunnel
souvenir tunnel
tunnel memory

Frank Arnould
Anderson, J. R. (1974). Retrieval of propositional information from long-term memory. Cognitive Psychology, 6(4), 451-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(74)90021-8
Anderson, J. R., & Reder, L. M. (1999). The fan effect: New results and new theories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128(2), 186–197. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.128.2.186
Si-Hamdi, S., & Le Rouzo, M.-L. (2009). Vieillissement, rappel et reconnaissance de noms de personnes et de noms communs dans un paradigme d’effet d’éventail. Bulletin de psychologie, Numéro 503(5), 419–428. https://doi.org/10.3917/bupsy.503.0419
2017-12-04
2023-04-14
FActs Number
effet fan
Effet montrant que plus des sujets apprennent de faits relatifs à un concept, plus le temps nécessaire pour récupérer un fait concernant ce concept augmente.
The more subjects learn facts about a concept, the more they take time to remember a fact about this concept.

effet d'éventail
fan effect

Frank Arnould
Corballis, M. C. (1966). Rehearsal and decay in immediate recall of visually and aurally presented items. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 20(1), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0082923
Pazdera, J. K., & Kahana, M. J. (2023). Modality effects in free recall: A retrieved-context account. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 49(6), 866–888. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001140.supp
2017-12-04
2023-06-19
Dans un test de rappel immédiat, meilleure performance de la mémoire pour une présentation auditive des items par rapport à une présentation visuelle, en particulier pour les éléments de la fin de la liste (effet de récence).
In an immediate recall test, better memory performance for an auditory presentation of items compared to a visual presentation, especially for the items at the end of the list (recency effect).

effet de modalité
modality effect

Frank Arnould
Hanczakowski, M., Zawadzka, K., & Coote, L. (2014). Context reinstatement in recognition: Memory and beyond. Journal of Memory and Language, 72, 85-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2014.01.001
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
Change in recognition performance produced by a change of context between learning and the recognition test.
Désigne un changement dans la performance de la reconnaissance produit par un changement de contexte entre l'apprentissage et le test de reconnaissance.
context-dependent recognition
reconnaissance dépendante du contexte

Frank Arnould
Strong, E. K. J. (1912). The effect of length of series upon recognition memory. Psychological Review, 19(6), 447–462. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0069812
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
As the number of items in a list increases, the memory performance decreases (i.e. the percentage of items correctly recalled decreases.) This effect occurs in free recall, cued recall and in recognition.
Plus le nombre d'éléments dans une liste augmente, plus la performance de la mémoire diminue (c.-à-d., le pourcentage d'éléments correctement rappelés diminue.) Cet effet apparaît aussi bien en rappel libre, en rappel indicé qu'en reconnaissance.
effet de longueur de la liste
list-length effect

Frank Arnould
Bennett, M., Allan, S., Anderson, J., & Asker, N. (2010). On the robustness of the group reference effect. European Journal of Social Psychology, 40(2), 349–354. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.630
Lee, H.-N., Rosa, N. M., & Gutchess, A. H. (2016). Ageing and the group-reference effect in memory. Memory, 24(6), 746–756. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1049184
Li, Q., Gao, J., Cao, C., & Li, T. (in press). The impact of group ownership on memory. The Journal of General Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2022.2047002
2017-12-04
2022-04-28
group-referencing
Amélioration de la mémoire quand les items ont été jugés en fonction d'un groupe social de référence des sujets.
Improved memory when items were judged in relation to a subjects' social reference group.
effet du groupe de référence
group-reference effect

Frank Arnould
Hubbard, T. L., & Motes, M. A. (2005). An effect of context on whether memory for initial position exhibits a Fröhlich effect or an onset repulsion effect. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 58(6), 961‑979. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980443000368
2017-12-04
2021-08-10
Erreur dans la mémoire de la position initiale d'un stimulus en mouvement, qui est jugée plus en avant dans la direction du stimulus.
Error in the memory of the initial position of a moving stimulus, which is judged further forward in the direction of this stimulus.

Fröhlich effect
effet Fröhlich

Frank Arnould
Thorn, A. S. C., Gathercole, S. E., & Frankish, C. R. (2002). Language familiarity effects in short-term memory: The role of output delay and long-term knowledge. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 55(4), 1363-1383. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980244000198
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
Chez des sujets bilingues, le rappel sériel immédiat est meilleur pour la langue qui leur est la plus familière.
For bilingual subjects, immediate serial recall is better for the language they are most familiar with.
effet du langage familier
language familiarity effect

Brainerd, C. J. (2021). Deep memory distortions. Cognitive Psychology, 126, 101386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2021.101386
Brainerd, C. J. (2022). Deep distortion. Memory, 30(1), 5‑9. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1844756
Brainerd, C. J., Holliday, R. E., Nakamura, K., & Reyna, V. F. (2014). Conjunction illusions and conjunction fallacies in episodic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40(6), 1610‑1623. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000017
Brainerd, C. J., Nakamura, K., & Murtaza, Y. A. (2020). Explaining complementarity in false memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 112, 104105. doi:10.1016/j.jml.2020.104105
2020-11-24
Frank Arnould
2023-03-20
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
impossible conjunction
memory conjunction illusion
"Memory conjunction illusions are circumstances in which uncertainties about whether items are overremembered on one type of probe versus underremembered on another type do not arise because memory for multiple incompatible states is measured with a single probe." (Brainerd et al., 2014, p. 1611).
Phénomène apparaissant quand un sujet assigne un item à des événements logiquement incompatibles. Par exemple, dans un test de reconnaissance, il juge un mot comme étant à la fois ancien et nouveau-similaire.
conjunction illusions
illusions de conjonction
impossible conjunctions
memory conjunction illusions
conjunction illusion
illusion de conjonction

Frank Arnould
Goschke, T., & Kuhl, J. (1993). Representation of intentions: Persisting activation in memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19(5), 1211-1226. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.19.5.1211
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
An effect showing that the response time to a task expected to be performed is shorter than the response time to a task non-associated with such an intention or when the intention to execute the task was cancelled.
Effet montrant que les temps de réponse à une tâche que l'on s'attendait à exécuter sont plus courts que les temps de réponse à une tâche non associée à une telle intention ou encore dont l'intention de réalisation a été annulée.
effet de supériorité des intentions
intention superiority effect

Frank Arnould
Gonthier, C., & Hot, P. (2013). Apports de l’électroencéphalographie à la compréhension de la mémoire. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 5(4), 243–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0280
Halpern, D. J., Tubridy, S., Davachi, L., & Gureckis, T. M. (2023). Identifying causal subsequent memory effects. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(13), e2120288120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120288120
Kim, H. (2011). Neural activity that predicts subsequent memory and forgetting: A meta-analysis of 74 fMRI studies. NeuroImage, 54(3), 2446-2461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.045
Mecklinger, A., & Kamp, S.-M. (2023). Observing memory encoding while it unfolds: Functional interpretation and current debates regarding ERP subsequent memory effects. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 153, 105347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105347
Paller, K. A., Kutas, M., & Mayes, A. R. (1987). Neural correlates of encoding in an incidental learning paradigm. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 67(4), 360–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(87)90124-6
Wilding, E. L., & Ranganath, C. (2011). Electrophysiological correlates of episodic memory processes. In S. J. Luck & E. M. Kappenman (Éds.), The Oxford Handbook of ERP Components (p. 373–396). Oxford University Press.
2017-12-04
2023-08-07
Dm effect
difference due to memory
effet Dm
L'activité nerveuse du cerveau au moment de l'encodage est différente selon que les items seront récupérés ou non ultérieurement.
The neural activity of the brain during encoding differs depending on whether the items will be subsequently retrieved or not.

effet de la mémoire subséquente
subsequent memory effect

Frank Arnould
Peynircioğlu, Z. F. (2020). When more is less : Cue depreciation in memory. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory quirks : The study pf odd phenomena in memory (p. 85‑100). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-8
Peynircioğlu, Z. F., & Watkins, M. J. (1986). Cue depreciation: When word fragment completion is undermined by prior exposure to lesser fragments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 12(3), 426. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.12.3.426
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Il est plus facile d’identifier un mot étudié (par exemple, raindrop) quand un fragment de ce mot est présenté en une seule fois (r_i__rop) que si plusieurs fragments du mot sont présentés de manière incrémentielle (r------p, r----r-p, r-i--r-p, r-i--rop).
It is easier to identify a studied word (e.g. raindrop) when a fragment of this word is presented only once (r_i__rop) than if several fragments of the word are shown incrementally (r------p, r----r-p, r-i--r-p, r-i--rop).
cue depreciation effect
effet de la dévalorisation de l'indice

Aßfalg, A. (2016, December 14). Aßfalg, Currie, & Bernstein (Memory & Cognition) - Task difficulty moderates the revelation effect. https://osf.io/uwrgp/
Brandt, M. (2019, March 30). A computational approach to the revelation effect. https://osf.io/khgd7/
Frank Arnould
Aßfalg, A. (2017). Revelation effect. In R. Pohl (Ed.), Pohl, R. (Ed.). Intriguing phenomena in judgment, thinking, and memory (pp. 339–356). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315696935
Aßfalg, A., Bernstein, D. M., & Hockley, W. (2017). The revelation effect: A meta-analytic test of hypotheses. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(6), 1718–1741. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1227-6
Brandt, M., Aßfalg, A., Zaiser, A.-K., & Bernstein, D. M. (2020). A computational approach to the revelation effect. Journal of Memory and Language, 112, 104091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104091
Greene, R. L. (2007). Foxes, hedgehogs, and mirror effect: The role of general principles in memory research. In J. S. Nairne (Ed.), The Foundations of Remembering: Essays in Honor of Henry L. Roediger, III (pp. 53–66). New York: Psychology Press.
Watkins, M. J., & Peynircioglu, Z. F. (1990). The revelation effect: When disguising test items induces recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(6), 1012–1020. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.16.6.1012
2017-12-04
2022-04-25
Dans un test de reconnaissance, tendance à juger comme anciens des items qui sont dégradés, distordus, révélés par étapes et qui doivent être découverts (Watkins et Peynircioglu, 1990.)
In a recognition test, tendency to judge as old items that are degraded, distorted, revealed by steps and that have to be discovered.
One way of testing for the revelation effect is as follows (Watkins and Peynircioglu, 1990). First, subjects memorize a list of words. Then, in the recognition test, some words are normally presented, without degradation. Other words are presented starting with their first two letters, then their first three letters and so on until their complete form. The results show that subjects recognize more often the words revealed to them gradually than the words normally presented, even when these words have never been studied (false recognition). Another word revelation procedure consists of asking participants to study a list of 80 words and then to recognize them among 160 words (Greene, 2007). In this recognition test, the words were presented in their usual form for subjects in the control group. For the subjects in the revelation group, the words were presented in the form of anagrams. They had to solve these anagrams and then decide whether or not they recognized the words. Subjects in the revelation group were better at recognizing the words being studied, but also committed more false recognition than subjects in the control group.
Une manière de mettre au jour l’effet de révélation est la suivante (Watkins et Peynircioglu, 1990). Les sujets mémorisent tout d’abord une liste de mots. Puis, dans le test de reconnaissance, certains mots sont présentés normalement, sans dégradation. D’autres mots sont présentés en commençant par leurs deux premières lettres, puis leurs trois premières lettres et ainsi de suite jusqu’à leur forme complète. Les résultats montrent que les sujets reconnaissent plus souvent les mots qui leur sont révélés au fur et à mesure que les mots présentés normalement, même quand ces mots n’ont jamais été étudiés (fausses reconnaissances). Une autre procédure de révélation des mots consiste à demander aux participants d'étudier une liste de 80 mots puis de les reconnaître parmi 160 mots (Greene, 2007). Dans ce test de reconnaissance, les mots étaient présentés sous leur forme habituelle pour les sujets du groupe contrôle. Pour les sujets du groupe révélation, les mots étaient présentés sous forme d'anagrammes. Ils devaient résoudre ces anagrammes puis décider s'ils reconnaissaient ou non les mots. Les sujets du groupe révélation reconnaissent mieux les mots étudiés, mais commettent aussi un plus nombre de fausses reconnaissances que les sujets du groupe contrôle.
effet de révélation
revelation effect

Frank Arnould
2022-03-29
Levine, L.J., & Edelstein, R.S. (2009). Emotion and memory narrowing: A review and goal-relevance approach. Cognition & Emotion, 23(5), 833–875. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930902738863 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
effet de rétrécissement de la mémoire
effet de rétrécissement des souvenirs
memory narrowing
rétrécissement mnésique
Better memory for central details than for peripheral details of an arousing negative event.
Meilleure mémoire des détails centraux que des détails périphériques d’un évènement négatif intense.
effet de rétrécissement mnésique
memory narrowing effect

Frank Arnould
2022-04-29
Douglass, A., & Steblay, N. (2006). Memory distortion in eyewitnesses: A meta-analysis of the post-identification feedback effect. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 20, 859–869. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1237 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Greenspan, R. L., & Loftus, E. F. (2020). Eyewitness confidence malleability: Misinformation as post-identification feedback. Law and Human Behavior, 44(3), 194–208. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000369 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Steblay, N. K., Wells, G. L., & Douglass, A. B. (2014). The eyewitness post identification feedback effect 15 years later: Theoretical and policy implications. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 20(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000001 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Wells, G., & Douglass, A. (1998). “Good, you identified the suspect”: Feedback to eyewitnesses distorts their reports of the witnessing experience. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 360–376. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.83.3.360 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Effet sur les jugements rétrospectifs d'une information en retour que reçoit le témoin oculaire après avoir identifié une personne dans un tapissage de police. Par exemple, si cette information confirme que la personne identifiée est le suspect, le témoin a tendance à être plus confiant dans sa décision, à estimer qu’il a mieux perçu le malfaiteur ou encore qu'il a identifié la personne avec plus de facilité, et ce, comparativement à une personne n'ayant pas eu ce retour d'information.
The effect on retrospective judgments of providing feedback to the eyewitness after he or she has identified a person in a lineup. For example, if this feedback confirms that the person identified is the suspect, the eyewitness tends to be more confident in his or her decision, to feel that he or she perceived the perpetrator better, or to have identified the person more easily, compared to a person who did not receive this feedback.
effet de retroaction post-identification
post-identification feedback effect

Nussenbaum, K., Scerif, G., & Nobre, A. C. (2018, October 10). Differential effects of salient visual events on memory-guided attention in adults and children. [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/fjpcg
Frank Arnould
Fischer, M., Moscovitch, M., & Alain, C. (2021). A systematic review and meta-analysis of memory-guided attention : Frontal and parietal activation suggests involvement of fronto-parietal networks. WIREs Cognitive Science, 12(1), e1546. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1546
2021-08-18
2023-09-04
"we define memory-guided attention as “expectation for perception”, whereby the memory of a familiar stimulus contains predictive information about an association that is used to influence a perceptual decision. In order to qualify as memory-guided attention, there must be a long-term association that influences a perceptual decision." (Fisher et al., 2021).
« Nous définissons l'attention guidée par la mémoire comme une "attente pour la perception", par laquelle la mémoire d'un stimulus familier contient des informations prédictives sur une association qui est utilisée pour influencer une décision perceptive. Pour que l'on puisse parler d'attention guidée par la mémoire, il doit y avoir une association à long terme qui influence une décision perceptive. » (Fisher et al., 2021).
attention guidée par la mémoire
memory-guided attention

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Otgaar, H., & Baker, A. (2018). When lying changes memory for the truth. Memory, 26(1), 2–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1340286 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Polage, D. C. (2012). Fabrication inflation increases as source monitoring ability decreases. Acta Psychologica, 139(2), 335-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2011.12.007 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., Mangiulli, I., & de Tauzia, R. (2020). Adopting a fictitious autobiography: Fabrication inflation or deflation? Memory, 28(6), 741–752. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1771371 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Erreur mnésique consistant à croire à la réalité des événements que le sujet a précédemment décrits dans des propos mensongers.
Memory error occurring when the subject believes in events that he/she has previously reported in lies.
fabrication inflation
inflation par fabrication

Frank Arnould
Hovland, C. I., & Weiss, W. (1951). The influence of source credibility on communication effectiveness. Public Opinion Quarterly, 15(4), 635-650. https://doi.org/10.1086/266350
Kumkale, G. T., & Albarracin, D. (2004). The sleeper effect in persuasion: A meta-analytic review. Psychological bulletin, 130(1), 143-172. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.130.1.143
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Dans certaines circonstances, un message produit par une source peu crédible devient plus persuasif avec le temps.
In some circumstances, a message produced by a low credible source becomes more persuasive over time.

effet d'assoupissement
sleeper effect

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Sharman, S. J., Manning, C. G., & Garry, M. (2005). Explain this: Explaining childhood events inflates confidence for those events. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19(1), 67–74. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1041 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Explaining hypothetical childhood events makes people more confident that these events really happened (Sharman et al., 2003).
Expliquer des événements d'enfance hypothétiques rend plus confiant dans le fait que ces événements se sont réellement déroulés (Sharman et al., 2003).
explanation inflation
inflation par explication

Frank Arnould
Chang, T. M. (1986). Semantic memory: Facts and models. Psychological Bulletin, 99(2), 199–220. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.99.2.199
2017-12-04
2021-07-05
fast-true effect
Dans une tâche de vérification de phrases, réponses plus rapides pour les phrases vraies que pour les phrases fausses.
In a sentence verification task, faster response for true than for false sentences.
effet vrai-faux
true-false effect

Danek, A. H., & Wiley, J. (2020). What causes the insight memory advantage ? [Data set]. PsychArchives. http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.3115
Frank Arnould
Auble, P. M., Franks, J. J., Soraci, S. A., Soraci, S. A., & Soraci, S. A. (1979). Effort toward comprehension : Elaboration or “aha”? Memory & Cognition, 7(6), 426‑434. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198259
Danek, A. H., & Wiley, J. (2020). What causes the insight memory advantage? Cognition, 104411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104411
Danek, A. H., Fraps, T., von Müller, A., Grothe, B., & Öllinger, M. (2013). Aha! experiences leave a mark : Facilitated recall of insight solutions. Psychological Research, 77(5), 659‑669. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-012-0454-8
Kizilirmak, J. M., Galvao Gomes da Silva, J., Imamoglu, F., & Richardson-Klavehn, A. (2016). Generation and the subjective feeling of “aha!” are independently related to learning from insight. Psychological Research, 80(6), 1059‑1074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-015-0697-2
2020-09-08
2023-09-04
effet mnémonique de l'insight
effet mnésique de l'insight
mnemonic effect of insight
Better memory for solutions to problem-solving tasks when they are found with an insight experience.
Meilleure mémoire des solutions à des tâches de résolution de problèmes quand elles sont trouvées en étant accompagnées d’une expérience de compréhension soudaine (insight).
avantage mnésique de l'insight
insight memory advantage

Hutmacher, F., & Kuhbandner, C. (2020, October 26). Does the attentional boost effect depend on the intentionality of encoding? doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6FEJ2
Mulligan, N. (2021, November 10). Attentional Boost Manipulation, Encoding and Retrieval. https://osf.io/dpaxy
Mulligan, N. (2023, May 25). Attentional Boost Manipulation, Encoding and Retrieval. https://osf.io/dpaxy
Spataro, P. (2022, March 17). Exploring the roles of distinctiveness and performance anticipation in the Attentional Boost Effect. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/U5DKG
Toh, Y. N., & Lee, V. G. (2021, November 10). Response, rather than target detection, triggers the attentional boost effect in visual search. https://osf.io/9b6au
Toh, Y. N., & Lee, V. G. (2022, April 2). Target detection and response both contribute to the attentional boost effect. https://osf.io/2nxmh
Toh, Y. N., & Lee, V. G. (2022, April 26). Why did context memory for words escape the attentional boost effect? https://osf.io/e9cga
Frank Arnould
Mulligan, N. W., Spataro, P., & West, J. T. (2023). Memory and attention: A double dissociation between memory encoding and memory retrieval. Cognition, 238, 105509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105509
Swallow, K. M., & Jiang, Y. V. (2010). The Attentional Boost Effect: Transient increases in attention to one task enhance performance in a second task. Cognition, 115(1), 118–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2009.12.003
Swallow, K. M., & Jiang, Y. V. (2011). The role of timing in the attentional boost effect. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 73(2), 389–404. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-010-0045-y
Swallow, K., & Jiang, Y. (2013). Attentional load and attentional boost: A review of data and theory. Frontiers in Psychology, 4. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00274
2017-12-04
2023-06-23
ABE
"a phenomenon in which the detection of targets in a secondary task enhances encoding of co-occurring stimuli." (Mulligan et al., 2023).
« un phénomène dans lequel la détection de cibles dans une tâche secondaire renforce l'encodage de stimuli cooccurrents. » (Mulligan et al., 2023).
For example, participants learn faces while performing a target detection task (pressing a button when a blue square appears next to a face and not pressing the button when the square is of another color). Long-term memory for faces is improved when they are encoded with the target (blue square).
Par exemple, les participants mémorisent des visages tout en effectuant une tâche de détection d’une cible (appuyer sur un bouton quand un carré bleu apparaît à côté d’un visage et ne pas appuyer sur ce bouton quand le carré est d’une autre couleur). La mémoire à long terme des visages est améliorée quand ils sont encodés avec la cible (carré bleu).
attentional boost effect
effet d'amélioration attentionnelle

Frank Arnould
Jones, D., & J. Macken, W. (1993). Irrelevant tones produce an irrelevant speech effect: Implications for phonological coding in working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19, 369–381. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.19.2.369
2018-09-12
2023-04-03
Perturbation de la mémoire verbale à court terme quand la tâche de mémoire s'est effectuée alors que le sujet entendait des sons (par exemple, de la musique instrumentale ou des sons de parole) qu'on lui demandait d'ignorer.
The disruption of short-term verbal memory when the memory task was performed while the subject was hearing sounds (e. g., instrumental music or speech) that he or she was asked to ignore.

effet du son non écouté ​
irrelevant sound effect

Frank Arnould
Bacon, W. F., & Egeth, H. E. (1994). Overriding stimulus-driven attentional capture. Perception & Psychophysics, 55(5), 485–496. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03205306
Folk, C. L., Remington, R. W., & Johnston, J. C. (1992). Involuntary covert orienting is contingent on attentional control settings. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18(4), 1030–1044. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.18.4.1030
Maquestiaux, F. (2017). Psychologie de l’attention (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Theeuwes, J. (1992). Perceptual selectivity for color and form. Perception & Psychophysics, 51(6), 599–606. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211656
Theeuwes, J. (1994). Stimulus-driven capture and attentional set: Selective search for color and visual abrupt onsets. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20(4), 799–806. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.20.4.799
2020-11-24
2023-09-04
capture de l'attention
A phenomenon that occurs when the accuracy or the detection time of a target stimulus is influenced by the automatic redirection of attention to an irrelevant stimulus.
Phénomène apparaissant quand la précision ou le temps de détection d’un stimulus cible sont influencés par la redirection automatique de l’attention vers un stimulus non pertinent.
attentional capture
capture attentionnelle

Frank Arnould
Burns, D. J. (2004). The simultaneous acquisition effect: simultaneous task learning inhibits memory for order. The American Journal of Psychology, 117(2), 229–248. https://doi.org/10.2307/4149024
Burns, D. J., & Ladd, M. V. (2006). The simultaneous learning effect: Why does simultaneous task learning improve retention? The American journal of psychology, 119(3), 385–405. https://doi.org/10.2307/20445350
Underwood, B. J., & Lund, A. M. (1979). Retention differences as a function of the number of verbal lists learned simultaneously. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 5(2), 151-159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.5.2.151
Underwood, B. J., & Lund, A. M. (1980). Process similarity and the simultaneous acquisition retention phenomenon. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 16(5), 325–328. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03329556
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
effet de l’acquisition simultanée
simultaneous acquisition effect
simultaneous acquisition retention phenomenon
Le rappel d'une liste de mots acquise en même temps qu'une ou plusieurs autres listes est meilleur que le rappel de cette liste quand elle est acquise séparément. De même, le taux d'oubli d'une liste est plus faible en cas d'acquisition simultanée qu'en cas d'acquisition séparée.
The recall of a list of words acquired at the same time as one or more other lists is better than the recall of that list when it is acquired separately. Similarly, the forgetting rate of a list is lower in case of simultaneous acquisition compared to separate acquisition.
effet de l'apprentissage simultané
simultaneous learning effect

Frank Arnould
Gerlach, C., Kühn, C. D., Mathiassen, A. B., Kristensen, C. L., & Starrfelt, R. (2023). The face inversion effect or the face upright effect? Cognition, 232, 105335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105335
Yin, R. K. (1969). Looking at upside-down faces. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 81(1), 141-145. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027474
2018-03-15
2023-03-16
effet d'inversion du visage
effet de renversement du visage
effet du renversement
face inversion effect
Face memory is more impaired than object memory when the stimuli are inverted (Yin, 1969).
La reconnaissance des visages est plus perturbée que la reconnaissance d'objets lorsque les stimuli sont inversés (Yin, 1969).

effet d'inversion
inversion effect

Meinhardt, M., Bell, R., Buchner, A., & Röer, J. P. (2019, May 3). Adaptive memory: Is the animacy effect on memory due to richness of encoding? https://osf.io/c2a68
Mieth, L., Röer, J. P., Buchner, A., & Bell, R. (2019, July 1). Adaptive memory:   Enhanced source memory for animate entities. https://osf.io/axtjm
VanArsdall, J., & Blunt, J. (2021, March 19). Method of Loci and Animacy. https://osf.io/qj8pb
Frank Arnould
Gelin, M. (2017). Mémoire adaptative et effet animé: Notre mémoire fonctionne-t’elle encore comme à l’âge de pierre? Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté.
Gelin, M., Bugaiska, A., Méot, A., & Bonin, P. (2017). Are animacy effects in episodic memory independent of encoding instructions? Memory (Hove, England), 25(1), 2–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1117643
Komar, G. F., Mieth, L., Buchner, A., & Bell, R. (2023). The animacy effect on free recall is equally large in mixed and pure word lists or pairs. Scientific Reports, 13(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38342-z
Nairne, J. S., VanArsdall, J. E., Pandeirada, J. N. S., Cogdill, M., & LeBreton, J. M. (2013). Adaptive memory: The mnemonic value of animacy. Psychological Science, 24(10), 2099-2105. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613480803
VanArsdall, J. E., Nairne, J. S., Pandeirada, J. N. S., & Blunt, J. R. (2013). Adaptive memory: animacy processing produces mnemonic advantages. Experimental Psychology, 60(3), 172-178. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000186
2017-12-04
2023-07-21
effet animé
effet d'animéité
Better memory for animate than for inanimate stimuli.
Meilleure mémoire pour les stimuli animés que pour les stimuli inanimés.
animacy effect
effet d'animacité

Frank Arnould
Anderson, C. (2005). Calendar and reverse calendar effects : Time peaks in memory as a function of temporal cues. Memory, 13(2), 113–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210344000620
Pillemer, D. B., Goldsmith, L. R., Panter, A. T., & White, S. H. (1988). Very long-term memories of the first year in college. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14(4), 709–715. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.14.4.709
Robinson, J. A. (1986). Temporal reference systems and autobiographical memory. In D. C. Rubin (Ed.), Autobiographical memory (p. 159–188). Cambridge University Press.
2020-06-26
2023-03-15
Indice temporel : l'effet est inversé en l'absence d'indice temporel (meilleur rappel pour les semestres du milieu d'une année scolaire). (Anderson, 2005).
Temporal cue: The effect is reversed in the absence of a temporal cue (better recall for mid-year semesters). (Anderson, 2005).
Chez les étudiants, rappel d'un plus grand nombre de souvenirs autobiographiques pour des événements ayant eu lieu vers le début et vers la fin d'une année scolaire que pour toute autre période.
Students recall more autobiographical memories of events that took place near the beginning and end of an academic year than for any other period.
calendar effect
effet du calendrier

Frank Arnould
Johansson, P., Hall, L., Sikström, S., & Olsson, A. (2005). Failure to detect mismatches between intention and outcome in a simple decision task. Science, 310(5745), 116-119. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1111709
2017-12-04
2023-07-18
Effect showing that subjects do not always remember and are not necessarily aware of their past choices.
Effet montrant que les sujets ne se souviennent pas forcément et ne sont pas toujours conscients des choix qu'ils ont faits.
Ce phénomène est décrit pour la première fois en 2005 dans une expérience publiée par Petter Johansson et son équipe de l’université de Lund en Suède. L’expérience se déroule comme suit. L’expérimentateur présente aux participants des paires de cartes. Sur chaque carte d’une paire se trouve la photographie d’une femme différente. La tâche des sujets consiste à choisir le visage qu’ils jugent le plus attirant. Immédiatement après un choix, l’expérimentateur leur demande parfois de justifier leur décision, ce qu’ils réalisent volontiers, même quand, à leur insu, c’est la photographie non choisie qui leur est présentée. Une minorité de participants a détecté la substitution. L’effet de cécité au choix apparaît plus fréquent quand les sujets doivent prendre leur décision rapidement.
This phenomenon was first documented in 2005 in an experiment published by Petter Johansson and his team at Lund University in Sweden. The experiment proceeds as follows. The experimenter shows the participants a series of card pairs. A photograph of a different woman is displayed on each card of a pair. The subjects' task is to choose the face they find most attractive. Immediately after a choice, the experimenter sometimes asks them to justify their decision, which they readily do, even when, unbeknownst to them, it is the unchosen photograph that is presented to them. A minority of participants detected the substitution. The choice-blindness effect appeared more frequently when subjects had to make their decision quickly.
choice blindness
cécité du choix
choice blindness effect
effet de cécité du choix

Frank Arnould
Paris, S. G. (1978). Coordination of means and goals in the development of mnenomic skills. In P. A. Ornstein (Ed.), Memory development in children (p. 259-273). Laurence Erlbaum Associates.
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
Absence d’utilisation de stratégies mnémoniques pour améliorer la performance de la mémoire chez les jeunes enfants.
Failure to use memory strategies to improve memory performance in young children.
déficience de médiation
mediation deficiency

Frank Arnould
Mulligan, N. W. (1999). The effects of perceptual interference at encoding on organization and order: Investigating the roles of item-specific and relational information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25(1), 54-69. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.25.1.54
Mulligan, N. W. (2002). The generation effect: Dissociating enhanced item memory and disrupted order memory. Memory & Cognition, 30(6), 850–861. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03195771
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Brief presentation of a word followed by a retroactive mask improves memory for the word in free recall, cued recall, and recognition (Mulligan, 1999, 2002).
Effet montrant que la présentation brève d’un mot suivi d'un masquage rétroactif améliore la mémoire de ce mot en rappel libre, en rappel indicé ou en reconnaissance (Mulligan, 1999, 2002).
effet d'interférence perceptive
perceptual interference effect

Frank Arnould
Crowder, R. G. (1967). Prefix effects in immediate memory. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 21(5), 450-461. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0082997
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
En mémoire immédiate, perturbation du rappel d'une série d'items qui a été précédée d'un item redondant que les participants doivent ignorer.
Immediate recall of a series of items is impaired when the series is preceded by an item that participants are told to ignore.
effet du préfixe
prefix effect

Tsai, P.-C., Sachdeva, C., Scarampi, C., & Gilbert, S. (2022, November 11). Saving-enhanced memory: test order and list saving effects. https://osf.io/vb8te
Frank Arnould
Runge, Y., Frings, C., & Tempel, T. (2019). Saving-enhanced performance: Saving items after study boosts performance in subsequent cognitively demanding tasks. Memory, 27(10), 1462–1467. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1654520
Runge, Y., Frings, C., & Tempel, T. (2021). Specifying the mechanisms behind benefits of saving-enhanced memory. Psychological Research, 85(4), 1633–1644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01341-0
Runge, Y., Frings, C., Tempel, T., & Pastötter, B. (2021). Electrophysiological correlates of saving-enhanced memory: Exploring similarities to list-method directed forgetting. European Journal of Neuroscience, 54(6), 6060–6074. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.15368
Storm, B. C., & Stone, S. M. (2015). Saving-enhanced memory: The benefits of saving on the learning and remembering of new information. Psychological Science, 26(2), 182–188. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614559285
Tsai, P.-C., Sachdeva, C., Gilbert, S. J., & Scarampi, C. (in press). An investigation of the saving-enhanced memory effect: The role of test order and list saving. Applied Cognitive Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4067
2021-09-20
2023-09-04
Effect showing that studying and saving the content of one file before studying a new file improves the memory of the content of this new file (Storm & Stone, 2015).
Effet montrant qu'étudier et sauvegarder dans un ordinateur le contenu d'un fichier avant d'étudier un nouveau fichier améliore la mémoire du contenu de ce nouveau fichier (Storm & Stone, 2015).
saving-enhanced memory
effet de mémoire améliorée par la sauvegarde
saving-enhanced memory effect

Saint-Aubin, J., Yearsley, J. M., Poirier, M., Cyr, V., & Guitard, D. (2021). A model of the production effect over the short-term : The cost of relative distinctiveness. Journal of Memory and Language, 118, 104219. doi:10.1016/j.jml.2021.104219
Zormpa, E., & Brehm, L. (2020, March 21). The production and the generation effect improve memory in picture naming. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/7KQ5S
Frank Arnould
Bodner, G. E., Taikh, A., & Fawcett, J. M. (2014). Assessing the costs and benefits of production in recognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21(1), 149–154. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0485-1
Hopkins, R. H., & Edwards, R. E. (1972). Pronunciation effects in recognition memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(4), 534‑537. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80036-7
MacLeod, C. M., & Bodner, G. E. (2017). The production effect in memory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(4), 390‑395. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417691356
MacLeod, C. M., Gopie, N., Hourihan, K. L., Neary, K. R., & Ozubko, J. D. (2010). The production effect: Delineation of a phenomenon. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36(3), 671-685. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018785
MacLeod, C. M., Ozubko, J. D., Hourihan, K. L., & Major, J. C. (2022). The production effect is consistent over material variations: Support for the distinctiveness account. Memory, 30(8), 1000–1007. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2069270
Saint-Aubin, J., Yearsley, J. M., Poirier, M., Cyr, V., & Guitard, D. (2021). A model of the production effect over the short-term : The cost of relative distinctiveness. Journal of Memory and Language, 118, 104219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2021.104219
2017-12-04
2023-04-20
Age: the production effect is reduced in older people compared to younger adults (Lin & MacLeod, 2012).
Composition de la liste : en reconnaissance, l'effet de production est réduit quand les listes sont composées entièrement d’items à lire à haute voix/items à lire silencieusement comparativement à des listes mixtes (composées d’items à lire à haute voix et d’items à lire silencieusement). En rappel, effet observé uniquement avec des listes mixtes (Fawcett, 2013 ; MacLeod & Bodner, 2017).
List composition: in recognition tasks, the production effect is reduced when lists are composed entirely of read-aloud/silently read items compared to mixed lists (composed of read-aloud and silent items). In recall tasks, effect observed only with mixed lists (Fawcett, 2013; MacLeod & Bodner, 2017).
Type de production : absence d’effet de production quand un même mot (par exemple « Oui ») est produit de manière répétée pour chaque mot de la liste (MacLeod et al., 2010).
Type de test : absence d’effet de production dans un test de mémoire implicite (MacLeod et al. 2010).
Type of production: No production effect when the same word (e.g. "Yes") is produced repeatedly for each word in the list (MacLeod et al., 2010).
Type of test: no production effect in an implicit memory test (MacLeod et al. 2010).
Âge : l'effet de production est réduit chez les personnes âgées comparativement à des adultes jeunes (Lin & MacLeod, 2012).
Meilleure mémoire pour des mots qui ont été lus à haute voix que pour des mots lus silencieusement.
Words read aloud are better remembered than words read silently.
effet de production
production effect

Frank Arnould
Conrad, R. (1960). Serial order intrusions in immediate memory. British Journal of Psychology, 51(1), 45-48. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1960.tb00723.x
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
effet de protrusion
protrusion effect
After memorizing a list A of items and then a list B, type of error that occurs when subjects, remembering the list B, replace an item in the list B with an item from the list A that occupies the same serial position.
Après avoir mémorisé une liste A d'items puis une liste B, erreur se manifestant quand les sujets, en se souvenant de la liste B, remplacent un élément de la liste B par un élément de la liste A occupant la même position sérielle.
intrusion de l'ordre sériel
serial order intrusion

Frank Arnould
Chen, O., Paas, F., & Sweller, J. (2021). Spacing and interleaving effects require distinct theoretical bases: A systematic review testing the cognitive load and discriminative-contrast hypotheses. Educational Psychology Review, 33(4), 1499–1522. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09613-w
Kurtz, K. H., & Hovland, C. I. (1956). Concept learning with differing sequences of instances. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 51(4), 239–243. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040295
Taylor, K., & Rohrer, D. (2010). The effects of interleaved practice. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(6), 837–848. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1598
Yan, V. X., & Sana, F. (2021). The robustness of the interleaving benefit. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 10(4), 589–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2021.05.002
2021-09-14
2023-09-04
Patrice Terrier
bénéfice de l’intercalage
effet d'entremêlement
interleaving benefit
« L’étude ou la pratique de plusieurs concepts de manière entremêlé conduit à un meilleur apprentissage que le fait de se concentrer sur un seul concept à la fois. » (Yan & Sana, 2021, p. 499).
“Studying or practicing multiple concepts in a mixed-up order leads to better learning than does focusing on one concept at a time.“ (Yan & Sana, 2021, p. 499).
effet d'intercalage
interleaving effect

Frank Arnould
Henson, R. N. A. (1998). Short-term memory for serial order: The Start-End Model. Cognitive Psychology, 36(2), 73–137. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1998.0685
Surprenant, A., Kelley, M., Farley, L., & Neath, I. (2005). Fill-in and infill errors in order memory. Memory (Hove, England), 13, 267–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210344000396
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
erreur de remplissage
fill-in error
Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, quand un sujet rappelle par erreur un item une position trop tôt, il est plus souvent suivi par un item qui le précédait dans la liste d'étude que par un item qui lui succédait.
In a serial recall task, when an item is erroneously recalled too early, it is followed by an item that preceded it more often than by an item that succeeded it.
erreurs de remplissage
fill-in errors
effet de remplissage
fill-in effect

Frank Arnould
Seitz, B. M., Polack, C. W., & Miller, R. R. (2018). Adaptive memory : Is there a reproduction-processing effect? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 44(8), 1167‑1179. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000513
2020-10-05
2023-09-04
Psychologie
Psychology
Type de scénario : l'effet n'apparait pas quand les mots sont traités en jugeant de leur pertinence vis-à-vis d'un contexte (ancestral ou moderne) de recherche d'un partenaire.
Type of scenario: the effect does not appear when the words are processed by judging their relevance to a mating scenario (ancestral or modern).
Better memory for words when they are processed by judging their relevance to an ancestral context of reproduction (parenting).
Meilleure mémoire de mots quand ceux-ci sont traités en jugeant de leur pertinence vis-à-vis d'un contexte ancestral de reproduction (prendre soin de sa descendance).
effet du traitement lié à la reproduction
reproduction processing effect

Frank Arnould
Congleton, A. R., & Berntsen, D. (2020). It took me by surprise: Examining the retroactive enhancement effect for memory of naturally unfolding events. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2020.03.003
2020-05-28
2022-03-31
Better memory for the details of a personal event preceding an unexpected detail.
Meilleure mémoire des détails d’un évènement personnel quand celui-ci se termine par un détail surprenant, inattendu.
effet d’amélioration rétroactive
retroactive enhancement effect

Frank Arnould
Hargreaves, I. S., Pexman, P. M., Johnson, J. C., & Zdrazilova, L. (2012). Richer concepts are better remembered : Number of features effects in free recall. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00073
Lau, M. C., Goh, W. D., & Yap, M. J. (2018). An item-level analysis of lexical-semantic effects in free recall and recognition memory using the megastudy approach: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021817739834
Lau, M. C., Roodenrys, S., & Miller, L. M. (2020). Semantic feature effect in verbal short-term memory. Memory, 28(6), 815‑829. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1788096
2020-09-14
2023-09-04
Better memory for words with a high number of semantic features.
Meilleure mémoire des mots ayant un nombre élevé de traits sémantiques.
effet des traits sémantiques
semantic feature effect

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Geiselman, R. E., Fisher, R. P., MacKinnon, D. P., & Holland, H. L. (1986). Enhancement of eyewitness memory with the cognitive interview. The American Journal of Psychology, 99(3), 385‑401. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Eyewitnesses are more resistant to misleading suggestions when they are first interviewed with a Cognitive Interview. This effect is not always observed.
Les témoins oculaires résistent mieux aux suggestions trompeuses s'ils ont d'abord été interrogés à l'aide d'un Entretien cognitif. Cet effet n'est pas toujours observé.
Geiselman effect
effet Geiselman

Frank Arnould
Schneider, W., Kron, V., Hünnerkopf, M., & Krajewski, K. (2004). The development of young children’s memory strategies: First findings from the Würzburg Longitudinal Memory Study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 88(2), 193–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2004.02.004
2017-12-04
2021-07-05
On parle de déficience d’utilisation lorsque des enfants utilisent spontanément ou après un entraînement une stratégie mnémonique sans pour autant réussir à améliorer leur mémoire.
Situation when children use a strategy spontaneously or after a training session but fail to improve their memory.
déficience d’utilisation
utilization deficiency

Crozier, W. E., & Strange, D. (2018, September 21). Correcting the Misinformation Effect. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/25AMW
Cullen, H. J., Dilevski, N., Nitschke, F. T., & Ribeiro, G. (2022, March 9). The effect of misinformation on juror memory and decision-making. https://osf.io/wqgsm/
Hardwicke, T. E. (2016, August 25). Chapter 4 Revisiting the misinformation effect: Does disruption of reconsolidation enable memory trace overwriting? https://osf.io/7wn8c/
Houben, S. T. L., Otgaar, H., Roelofs, J., & Merckelbach, H. (2019). Lateral Eye Movements Increase False Memory Rates [Data set]. DataverseNL. doi:10.34894/J3HPR4
Inducing resistance to the misinformation effect by means of reinforced self-affirmation: The importance of positive feedback. (2019). [Data set]. PLOS ONE. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0210987
Irwanda, D. Y., Maulina, D., Otgaar, H., & Bücken, C. A. (2021, October 22). False memory: misinformation type and age. https://osf.io/x9v3m/
Le Moignan, E., Patihis, L., & Mangiulli, I. (2022, March 8). The effects of simulating amnesia and misinformation on memory performance for mock offenders. https://osf.io/kms62/
Luke, T. J., Crozier, W. E., & Strange, D. (2021, November 23). Memory errors in Police Interviews: The Bait Question as a Source of Misinformation. https://osf.io/m8qt2/
Peters, A., Otgaar, H., & Chan, J. C. (2017, August 4). NICHD Protocol and Misinformation. https://osf.io/vyngz
Putnam, A. L., Sungkhasettee, V., & Roediger, H. L., III. (2021, October 11). When Misinformation Improves Memory: The Effects of Recollecting Change. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/DW9BK
Race, E., & Karanian, J. M. (2020, June 18). Protecting memory from misinformation: Warnings modulate cortical reinstatement during memory retrieval. https://osf.io/wgn83/
Robin, F., Ménétrier, E., & Beffara Bret, B. (2021, June 11). Effect of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and Misinformation paradigms. https://osf.io/zsh3b/
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Ayers, M. S., & Reder, L. M. (1998). A theoretical review of the misinformation effect: Predictions from an activation-based memory model. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 5(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03209454 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Blank, H., & Launay, C. (2014). How to protect eyewitness memory against the misinformation effect: A meta-analysis of post-warning studies. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 3(2), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0101798 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Calvillo, D. P., & Emami, A. S. (2019). Do lateral eye movements increase susceptibility to misinformation? A registered replication. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(6), 1905–1910. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01641-6 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Davis, D. (2014). Misinformation effects in older versus younger adults: A meta-analysis and review. In M. P. Toglia, D. F. Ross, J. D. Pozzulo, & E. Pica (Eds.), The elderly eyewitness in court (pp. 38–66). Psychology Press. [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Houben, S. T. L., Otgaar, H., Roelofs, J., & Merckelbach, H. (2018). Lateral eye movements increase false memory rates. Clinical Psychological Science, 6(4), 610–616. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702618757658 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Loftus, E. F. (2005). Planting misinformation in the human mind: A 30-year investigation of the malleability of memory. Learning & Memory, 12(4), 361–366. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.94705 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
PeConga, E., Pickrell, J. E., Bernstein, D. M., & Loftus, E. F. (2022). Misinformation effect. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions: Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (3rd ed.). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Putnam, A. L., Sungkhasettee, V. W., & Roediger, H. L. (2017). When misinformation improves memory: The effects of recollecting change. Psychological Science, 28(1), 36–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797616672268 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Rindal, E. J., Chrobak, Q. M., Zaragoza, M. S., & Weihing, C. A. (2017). Mechanisms of eyewitness suggestibility: Tests of the explanatory role hypothesis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(5), 1413–1425. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1201-8 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Sharma, P. R., Wade, K. A., & Jobson, L. (2023). A systematic review of the relationship between emotion and susceptibility to misinformation. Memory, 31(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2120623 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
effet de fausse information
effet de l'information post-évènementielle
effet de l’information nouvelle erronée
effet des informations trompeuses
post-event information effect
"The misinformation effect refers to the tendency for post-event misleading information to reduce memory accuracy for the original event." (PeConga et al., 2022, p. 419).
« L’effet de désinformation désigne la tendance qu'ont les informations trompeuses postérieures à un événement à réduire la précision de la mémoire de cet évènement. » (PeConga et al., 2022, p. 419).

effet de désinformation
misinformation effect

Frank Arnould
Maxfield, L. (1997). Attention and semantic priming: a review of prime task effects. Consciousness and Cognition, 6(2-3), 204-218. https://doi.org/10.1006/ccog.1997.0311
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Reduction or elimination of semantic priming when certain tasks are performed on the prime (e.g. finding a letter or the repetition of a letter).
Réduction ou élimination de l'effet d'amorçage sémantique quand certaines tâches sont effectuées sur l'amorce (par exemple, la recherche d'une lettre ou de la répétition d'une lettre).
effet de la tâche sur l'amorçe
prime-task effect

Roberts, B. R. T., Fernandes, M., & MacLeod, C. M. (2022, May 8). The Enactment Effect: A Meta-Analysis. https://osf.io/f4ymv
Thibaut, B., Michalland, A.-H., Martin, S., & Brouillet, D. (2021, March 13). When the action to be performed at the stage of retrieval enacts memory of action verbs. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/ANZG6
Frank Arnould
Brouillet, T., Michalland, A.-H., Martin, S., & Brouillet, D. (2021). When the action to be performed at the stage of retrieval enacts memory of action verbs. Experimental Psychology, 68(1), 18‑31. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000507
Cohen, R. L. (1981). On the generality of some memory laws. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 22(1), 267–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.1981.tb00402.x
Hainselin, M., Quinette, P., & Eustache, F. (2013). Qu’est-ce que la mémoire de l’action ? Revue théorique et perspectives. Revue de neuropsychologie, neurosciences cognitives et cliniques, 5(2), 129–134. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.052.0129
Roberts, B. R. T., MacLeod, C. M., & Fernandes, M. A. (2022). The enactment effect : A systematic review and meta-analysis of behavioral, neuroimaging, and patient studies. Psychological Bulletin, 148(5‑6), 397‑434. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000360
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
effet de réalisation d'une action
"The enactment effect is the observation that physically performing an action represented by a word or phrase leads to enhanced memory for that information relative to simply reading it." (Roberts et al., 2022, p. 397).
« L’effet d’exécution de l’action est l’observation que la réalisation physique d'une action représentée par un mot ou une phrase conduit à une meilleure mémorisation de cette information par rapport à sa simple lecture. » (Roberts et al., 2022, p. 397).

effet d'exécution des actions
effet de réalisation des actions
effet d'exécution d'une action
enactment effect

Frank Arnould
Eich, E. (1995). Searching for mood dependent memory. Psychological Science, 6(2), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00309.x
Girden, E., & Culler, E. (1937). Conditioned responses in curarized striate muscle in dogs. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 23(2), 261–274. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0058634
Gisquet-Verrier, P., & Riccio, D. C. (2018). Memory integration: An alternative to the consolidation/reconsolidation hypothesis. Progress in Neurobiology, 171, 15–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.10.002
Overton, D. A. (1964). State-dependent or “dissociated” learning produced with pentobarbital. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 57, 3–12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0048023
Radulovic, J., Jovasevic, V., & Meyer, M. A. (2017). Neurobiological mechanisms of state-dependent learning. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 45, 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2017.05.013
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
apprentissage dépendant de l'état
récupération dépendante de l'état
state-dependent learning
state-dependent retrieval
Phénomène montrant que la récupération de souvenirs est plus performante si la remémoration s'effectue lorsque le sujet est dans le même état physiologique, affectif ou émotionnel que celui présent pendant la mémorisation.
The retrieval of a memory is more effective if the memory is retrieved when the subject is in the same physiological, affective, or emotional state as when the memory was acquired.

mémoire dépendante de l'état
state-dependent memory

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Davis, R. L., & Zhong, Y. (2017). The biology of forgetting—A perspective. Neuron, 95(3), 490–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.05.039 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Eysenck, M. W., & Groome, D. (Eds.). (2020). Forgetting: Explaining memory failure. SAGE Publications Ltd. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Moreno, A. (2021). Molecular mechanisms of forgetting. European Journal of Neuroscience, 54(8), 6912–6932. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14839 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Radvansky, G. A., Doolen, A. C., Pettijohn, K. A., & Ritchey, M. (2022). A new look at memory retention and forgetting. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(11), 1698–1723. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001110 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Ryan, T. J., & Frankland, P. W. (2022). Forgetting as a form of adaptive engram cell plasticity. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-021-00548-3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Sala, S. D. (Ed.). (2010). Forgetting. Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203851647 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J.T. (2004). The psychology and neuroscience of forgetting. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 235-269. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141555 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T. (2022). Absolute versus relative forgetting. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(12), 1775‑1786. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001196 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
forgetfulness
oblivescence
oblivion
obliviscence
Broadly speaking, normal or pathological inability to retrieve memories.
De façon générale, on parle d'oubli lorsqu'un sujet manifeste une incapacité normale ou d'origine pathologique à récupérer des informations.

oublis
forgetting
oubli

Akan, M., & Benjamin, A. (2017). The effects of testing on memory for context. https://osf.io/bqr5f/
Eersel, G. van, Verkoeijen, P., & Bouwmeester, S. (2015). Does retrieval practice depend on semantic cues? Assessing the fuzzy trace account of the testing effect [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/nx3zm/
Lima, M., & Buratto, L. (2022, November 18). The Test–Retest Reliability of the Retrieval Practice Effect. https://osf.io/chmb8
Pan, S. C. (2019). Test-enhanced learning and effects of retrieval processes on long-term memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/jd5qh/
Pan, S. C., Gupta, M., & Rickard, T. C. (2021, July 3). Dual memory model of the testing effect. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/GYB6C
Sitoh, A. (2020, September 13). Testing Effect and Recognition Memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WY8S2
Zhifang Ye and Gui Xue (2020). Retrieval practice facilitates memory updating by enhancing and differentiating medial prefrontal cortex representations. OpenNeuro. [Dataset] doi: 10.18112/openneuro.ds002773.v1.0.0
Frank Arnould
Adesope, O. O., Trevisan, D. A., & Sundararajan, N. (2017). Rethinking the use of tests: A meta-analysis of practice testing. Review of Educational Research, 87(3), 659–701. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316689306
Agarwal, P. K., Nunes, L. D., & Blunt, J. R. (2021). Retrieval practice consistently benefits student learning: A systematic review of applied research in schools and classrooms. Educational Psychology Review, 33(4), 1409–1453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09595-9
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Glover, J. A. (1989). The “testing” phenomenon: Not gone but nearly forgotten. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(3), 392–399. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.81.3.392
Lamotte, M., Izaute, M., & Darnon, C. (2021). Can tests improve learning in real university classrooms? Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 33(8), 974–992. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2021.1956939
Lima, M. F. R. de, & Buratto, L. G. (in press). The test–retest reliability of the retrieval practice effect. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17470218221141586. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218221141586
McDermott, K. B. (2021). Practicing retrieval facilitates learning. Annual Review of Psychology, 72(1), 609-633. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-051019
Mulligan, N. W. (2020). Negative effects of repetition and testing. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory quirks : The study of odd phenomena in memory (p. 114‑136). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-10
Mulligan, N. W., Buchin, Z. L., & West, J. T. (2020). Assessing why the testing effect is moderated by experimental design. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 46(7), 1293–1308. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000787
Polack, C. W., & Miller, R. R. (2022). Testing improves performance as well as assesses learning: A review of the testing effect with implications for models of learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, 48(3), 222–241. https://doi.org/10.1037/xan0000323
Roediger, H. L., & Butler, A. C. (2011). The critical role of retrieval practice in long-term retention. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15(1), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2010.09.003
Roediger, H. L., & Karpicke, J. D. (2006). Test-enhanced learning: Taking memory tests improves long-term retention. Psychological Science, 17(3), 249–255. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01693.x
Roediger, H. L., & Karpicke, J. D. (2006). The power of testing memory: Basic research and implications for educational practice. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(3), 181–210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00012.x
Rowland, C. A. (2014). The effect of testing versus restudy on retention : A meta-analytic review of the testing effect. Psychological Bulletin, 140(6), 1432–1463. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037559
Schwieren, J., Barenberg, J., & Dutke, S. (2017). The testing effect in the psychology classroom: A meta-analytic perspective. Psychology Learning & Teaching, 16(2), 179–196. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475725717695149
2017-12-04
2023-03-30
Psychologie
Psychology
Délai du feeback : effet plus important quand le feedback est différé (Rowland, 2014).
Experimental design: larger effect in an inter-subject design than in an intra-subject design (Rowland, 2014).
Feeback delay: larger effect when feedback is delayed (Rowland, 2014).
Feedback : effet plus important quand un feedback est apporté au sujet pendant le test initial, comparé à l'absence de feedback (Rowland, 2014).
Feedback: larger effect when feedback is given to the subject during the initial test compared to no feedback (Rowland, 2014).
Initial test type: larger effect with a cued recall task compared to a free recall or recognition task (Rowland, 2014).
Intervalle de rétention (variable catégorielle) : effet plus important pour les intervalles de rétention supérieurs ou égaux à 1 jour comparativement aux intervalles inférieurs à un jour (Rowland, 2014).
Intervalle de rétention (variable continue) : l’effet est de plus en plus important à mesure que l’intervalle de rétention augmente (Rowland, 2014).
Plan expérimental : effet plus important dans un plan inter-sujets que dans un plan intra-sujets (Rowland, 2014).
Retention interval (categorical variable): Larger effect for retention intervals greater than or equal to 1 day compared to intervals less than 1 day (Rowland, 2014).
Retention interval (continuous variable): The effect becomes increasingly important as the retention interval increases (Rowland, 2014).
Stimulus type: larger effect for paired associates and prose (Rowland, 2014).
Type de stimulus : effet plus important pour les paires associées et la prose (Rowland, 2014).
Type du test final : effet plus important dans une tâche de rappel indicé, comparativement à une tâche de rappel libre ou de reconnaissance (Rowland, 2014).
Type du test initial : effet plus important avec une tâche de rappel indicé, comparativement à une tâche de rappel libre ou de reconnaissance (Rowland, 2014).
Type of final test: larger effect in a cued recall task compared to a free recall or recognition task (Rowland, 2014).
Homme
Human
apprentissage amélioré par le test
apprentissage médiatisé par la récupération
effet de la pratique de la récupération
effet du test
effet test
retrieval practice effect
retrieval-based learning
retrieval-mediated learning
test-enhanced learning
Amélioration de la rétention à long terme lorsque les informations sont activement récupérées en mémoire par rapport au fait d'étudier à nouveau les informations ou de ne pas pratiquer la récupération.
Improvement of long-term retention when information is actively retrieved from memory compared to studying the information again or not practicing retrieval.

effet du testing
testing effect

Frank Arnould
Allen, R. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2018). Exploring the sentence advantage in working memory: Insights from serial recall and recognition. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71(12), 2571–2585. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021817746929
Brener, R. (1940). An experimental investigation of memory span. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 26(5), 467–482. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0061096
2018-04-18
2023-03-22
effet de l'avantage des phrases
sentence avantage effect
In short-term memory, a list of words is better remembered if the words are presented as a sentence rather than as a non-grammatical list.
​En mémoire à court terme, une liste de mots est mieux rappelée quand les mots sont présentés sous forme d'une phrase que sous forme d'une liste non grammaticale.
effet de supériorité des phrases
sentence superiority effect

Frank Arnould
Doolen, A. C., & Radvansky, G. A. (2022). A novel study: Hypermnesia for books read years ago. Memory, 30(2), 92–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1993262
Erdelyi, M. H., & Becker, J. (1974). Hypermnesia for pictures : Incremental memory for pictures but not words in multiple recall trials. Cognitive Psychology, 6(1), 159‑171. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(74)90008-5
Erdelyi, M., & Kleinbard, J. (1978). Has Ebbinghaus decayed with time? The growth of recall (hypermnesia) over days. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Learning and Memory, 4(4), 275–289. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.4.4.275
Mulligan, N. W. (2006). Hypermnesia and total retrieval time. Memory, 14(4), 502–518. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210500513438
Wallner, L. A., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2018). Hypermnesia and the role of delay between study and test. Memory & Cognition, 46(6), 878‑894. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0809-5
2017-12-04
2022-05-15
Amélioration de la mémoire par la répétition de tests de récupération successifs. L'hypermnésie est constatée quand le nombre d’éléments nouveaux remémorés à travers les différents tests surpasse le nombre d’éléments oubliés.
Memory improvement with successive repeated retrieval tests. Hypermnesia is established when the number of newly remembered items with trials exceeds the number of forgotten items.

hypermnesia
hypermnésie

Frank Arnould
Sedikides, C., & Green, J. D. (2004). What I don’t recall can’t hurt me: Information negativity versus information inconsistency as determinants of memorial self-defense. Social Cognition, 22(1), 4–29. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.22.1.4.30987
2017-12-04
2021-08-11
A tendency to forget negative feedback about oneself more frequently than positive or neutral feedback. Mnemic neglect is thought to be a way of protecting and preserving one's self-image.
Tendance à oublier plus fréquemment les retours négatifs sur soi par rapport aux retours positifs ou neutres. La négligence mnésique constituerait une manière de protéger et de préserver son image de soi.

mnemic neglect
négligence mnésique

Frank Arnould
Conway, M., & Ross, M. (1984). Getting what you want by revising what you had. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47(4), 738–748. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.47.4.738
Markus, G. B. (1986). Stability and change in political attitudes: Observed, recalled, and “explained.” Political Behavior, 8(1), 21–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00987591
2017-12-04
2023-06-29
Biais de mémoire consistant à conformer un souvenir aux jugements, attitudes, évaluations, conceptions ou états du sujet au moment de la remémoration.
Memory bias, which consists of making a memory consistent with the subject's judgments, attitudes, evaluations, beliefs, or states at the time of remembering.
Markus (1986) a demandé à des sujets interviewés en 1982 de se souvenir de leurs attitudes politiques qu’ils avaient exprimées lors d’une précédente enquête en 1973. Les résultats montrent que leurs souvenirs sont plus proches de leurs attitudes évaluées en 1982 que des attitudes réellement exprimées neuf ans plus tôt (à l’exception de l’évaluation de la valeur libérale ou conservatrice de leur point de vue politique.).  Dans la recherche de Conway et Ross publiée en 1984, des étudiants sont répartis dans deux groupes : un groupe d’étudiants va recevoir un programme universitaire censé améliorer leurs aptitudes à l’apprentissage et un groupe contrôle d’étudiants placés sur une liste d’attente de ce programme. Pour les deux groupes, un premier entretien avant le début du programme consiste à leur demander d’évaluer eux-mêmes leurs aptitudes à l’apprentissage et le temps consacré à l’étude. Un entretien similaire est effectué à la fin du programme. Dans l’entretien final, on leur demande également de se souvenir de leurs évaluations initiales.  Alors que les deux groupes ne diffèrent pas lors de l’évaluation initiale et que le programme s’avère inefficace, les étudiants ayant participé au programme rappellent des évaluations initiales de leurs aptitudes plus faibles qu’elles n’étaient (excepté pour l’évaluation du temps d’étude) alors que les étudiants sur la liste d’attente rappellent des évaluations ne différant guère de celles réellement effectuées lors du premier entretien. Les étudiants qui ont participé au programme ont probablement reconstruit un souvenir de leurs évaluations initiales pour le rendre consistant et conforme avec ce qui était attendu du programme universitaire, à savoir l’amélioration de leurs aptitudes d’apprentissage.
Markus (1986) asked subjects interviewed in 1982 to recall their political attitudes as expressed in a previous survey in 1973. The results show that their recollections are closer to their attitudes assessed in 1982 than to the attitudes actually expressed nine years earlier (with the exception of the assessment of the liberal or conservative value of their political views).  In the research by Conway and Ross published in 1984, students were divided into two groups: a group of students who were to receive a university program that was supposed to improve their learning skills and a control group of students who were placed on a waiting list for this program. For both groups, an initial interview before the onset of the program consists of asking them to self-assess their learning skills and time spent studying. A similar interview is conducted at the end of the program. In the final interview, they are also asked to recall their initial assessments.  While the two groups do not differ on the initial assessment and the program is found ineffective, students who participated in the program recall initial assessments of their skills that are lower than they were (except for the assessment of study time) while students on the waiting list recall assessments that do not differ much from those actually made in the first interview. Students who participated in the program likely reconstructed a memory of their initial assessments to make it consistent with what was expected from the university program, namely, the improvement of their learning skills.
biais de cohérence
consistency bias

Frank Arnould
2018-12-03
Moniz, E., Righi, G., Peissig, J. J., & Tarr, M. J. (2010). The Clark Kent effect: What is the role of familiarity and eyeglasses in recognizing disguised faces? Journal of Vision, 10(7), 615–615. https://doi.org/10.1167/10.7.615 [Document type: empirical study / Access: free]
2023-03-15
Deterioration in face recognition performance when an accessory (wig or eyeglasses, for example) is added or subtracted between the encoding phase and the memory test phase.
Détérioration de la performance en reconnaissance des visages quand un accessoire (perruque ou paire de lunettes, par exemple) est ajouté ou soustrait entre la phase d'encodage et la phase de test de la mémoire.
Clark Kent effect
effet Clark Kent

Frank Arnould
Friedman, D., & Johnson Jr., R. (2000). Event-related potential (ERP) studies of memory encoding and retrieval : A selective review. Microscopy Research and Technique, 51(1), 6‑28. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0029(20001001)51:1<6::AID-JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-R
Gonthier, C., & Hot, P. (2013). Apports de l’électroencéphalographie à la compréhension de la mémoire. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 5(4), 243–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0280
2017-12-04
2021-08-17
Amplitude plus importante des composantes FN400 et LPC des potentiels cognitifs évoqués quand un stimulus a été reconnu.
Greater amplitude in FN400 and LPC components of event-related potentials when a stimulus is recognized.
effet ancien/nouveau
old/new effect

Frank Arnould
Rajaram, S. (1996). Perceptual effects on remembering: recollective processes in picture recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22(2), 365–377. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.22.2.365
2017-12-04
2021-08-11
La performance de la reconnaissance est meilleure lorsque la taille des stimuli est la même pendant l'étude et le test.
The performance of recognition is better when the size of the stimuli is the same during the study and the test.
effet de la congruence de la taille
size congruency effect

Frank Arnould
Griffin, I. C., & Nobre, A. C. (2003). Orienting attention to locations in internal representations. Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 15(8), 1176–1194. https://doi.org/10.1162/089892903322598139
Landman, R., Spekreijse, H., & Lamme, V. A. F. (2003). Large capacity storage of integrated objects before change blindness. Vision Research, 43(2), 149-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0042-6989(02)00402-9
2017-12-04
2021-08-11
retro-cue advantage
retro-cue benefit
Effect observed when a cue, orienting the subject's attention to an item available in visual short-term memory, is presented during the retention interval. Compared to the absence of a cue or the presence of a non-informative cue, retro-cues improve the recognition of items (faster and more accurate responses).
Effet observé quand un indice dirigeant l'attention du sujet vers un item disponible en mémoire à court terme visuelle est présenté pendant l'intervalle de rétention. Par rapport à l'absence d'indice ou à la présence d'un indice non informatif, l'indice rétroactif améliore la reconnaissance des items (réponses plus rapides et plus précises).
effet de l'indice rétroactif
retro-cue effect

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Charman, S. D., Wells, G. L., & Joy, S. W. (2011). The dud effect: Adding highly dissimilar fillers increases confidence in lineup identifications. Law and Human Behavior, 35(6), 479-500. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-010-9261-1 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Hanczakowski, M., Zawadzka, K., & Higham, P. A. (2014). The dud-alternative effect in memory for associations: Putting confidence into local context. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21(2), 543-548. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0497-x [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Windschitl, P. D., & Chambers, J. R. (2004). The dud-alternative effect in likelihood judgment. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(1), 198-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.1.198 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
dud effect
Dans une tâche de mémoire à choix multiple, le fait d'inclure une alternative peu plausible augmente le niveau de confiance qu'attribuent les sujets à leur choix d'une alternative plausible.
In a multiple-choice memory task, including a low plausible alternative increases the confidence level attributed to the choice of a plausible alternative.
For example, Charman, Wells & Joy (2011) asked participants in their experiments to view a crime scene. Then, they were asked to identify the culprit in a police lineup. In fact, the culprit was not presented in the lineup. The results showed that the presence of implausible persons in the lineup (because their physical appearance was visually very different from that of the perpetrator) increased participants' confidence in identifying the perpetrator when they chose a plausible person (i.e. one who looked like the perpetrator).
Par exemple, Charman, Wells & Joy (2011) ont demandé aux participants à leurs expériences de visionner une scène de crime. Puis, il leur était demandé d'identifier le coupable au cours d'un tapissage de police. En fait, le coupable n'était pas présenté dans la parade d'identification. Les résultats ont montré que la présence de figurants peu plausibles dans la parade (parce que leur apparence physique était visuellement très différente de celle du malfaiteur) augmentait la confiance des participants d'avoir désigné le coupable lorsqu'ils choisissaient un figurant plausible (c'est-à-dire, une personne qui ressemblait au malfaiteur).
dud-alternative effect
effet de l'alternative peu plausible

Frank Arnould
Chan, J. C. K. (2009). When does retrieval induce forgetting and when does it induce facilitation? Implications for retrieval inhibition, testing effect, and text processing. Journal of Memory and Language, 61(2), 153-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2009.04.004
Chan, J. C. K. (2010). Long-term effects of testing on the recall of nontested materials. Memory, 18(1), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210903405737
Rowland, C. A., & DeLosh, E. L. (2014). Benefits of testing for nontested information: retrieval-induced facilitation of episodically bound material. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21(6), 1516-1523. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-014-0625-2
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
Tester la mémoire d'une partie d'un matériel facilite la rétention et la récupération ultérieure des éléments non testés.
Testing the memory of a portion of a material facilitates retention and subsequent retrieval of untested elements.
facilitation induite par la récupération
retrieval-induced facilitation

Palombo, D., Wardell, V., Madan, C. R., Dev, D. K., Te, A., Checknita, K. J., & Petrucci, A. S. (2022, February 10). Negative Emotion Enhances Memory for the Sequential Unfolding of a Naturalistic Experience. https://osf.io/jw7e6
Sommer, T. (2019, October 7). Test-Retest Reliability of the Emotional Enhancement of Memory. https://osf.io/k67mz
Xie, W. (2019, July 3). Negative emotion enhances mnemonic precision and subjective feelings of remembering in visual long-term memory. https://osf.io/8c9gu
Frank Arnould
2022-04-29
Cross, Z. R., Santamaria, A., & Kohler, M. J. (2018). Attention and emotion-enhanced memory: A systematic review and meta-analysis of behavioural and neuroimaging evidence [Preprint]. Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1101/273920 [Document type: literature review, meta-analysis / Access: open]
Kensinger, E. A. (2009). Remembering the details: Effects of emotion. Emotion Review, 1(2), 99–113. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073908100432 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Schümann, D., Joue, G., Jordan, P., Bayer, J., & Sommer, T. (2020). Test-retest reliability of the emotional enhancement of memory. Memory, 28(1), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1679837 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Symeonidou, N., & Kuhlmann, B. G. (2022). Better memory for emotional sources? A systematic evaluation of source valence and arousal in source memory. Cognition and Emotion, 36(2), 300–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2021.2008323 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Talmi, D. (2013). Enhanced emotional memory: Cognitive and neural mechanisms. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(6), 430–436. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721413498893 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
emotion enhancement effect
emotional enhancement
emotional enhancement of memory
emotional memory enhancement effect
memory enhancement effect of emotion
Better memory for emotional than for neutral events.
Meilleure mémoire pour les évènements émotionnels que pour les évènements neutres.
effet émotionnel d'amélioration mnésique
emotion-enhanced memory effect

Crawford, M. T., Hammond, M., & Marsh, C. (2020, April 7). Depression and Fading Affect Bias. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/ZEQS2
Crawford, M. T., Hammond, M., & Marsh, C. (2021, November 17). Attachment Styles and Fading Affect Bias. https://osf.io/723qx
Zengel, B. (2018, May 18). Romantic Relationships and Fading of Affect for the Shared Past. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/CFK5T
Frank Arnould
Walker, W. R., & Skowronski, J. J. (2009). The fading affect bias: But what the hell is it for? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 23(8), 1122–1136. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1614
Walker, W. R., Vogl, R. J., & Thompson, C. P. (1997). Autobiographical memory: Unpleasantness fades faster than pleasantness over time. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 11(5), 399–413. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199710)11:5<399::AID-ACP462>3.0.CO;2-E
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
biais de l’affaiblissement de l’affect
A memory bias that occurs when people rate the emotional intensity of an event to be weaker when they remember it than when they experienced it. This bias is greater for negative than for positive events.
Biais se manifestant quand les personnes jugent l’intensité affective d’un évènement comme étant plus faible au moment où elles se souviennent de cet évènement par rapport au moment où elles l’ont vécu. Ce biais est plus important pour les évènements négatifs que pour les évènements positifs.

biais d'émoussement de l'affect
fading affect bias

Barry, T. J., Hallford, D. J., & Takano, K. (2022, April 6). Autobiographical Memory Impairments as a Transdiagnostic Feature of Mental Illness. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/3RJUZ
Hallford, D. J., & Barry, T. J. (2021, July 14). Reduced Specificity and Increased Overgenerality of Autobiographical Memory Persist as Cognitive Vulnerabilities in Remitted Major Depression: A Meta-Analysis. https://osf.io/bfcyj
Frank Arnould
Barry, T. J., Hallford, D. J., & Takano, K. (2021). Autobiographical memory impairments as a transdiagnostic feature of mental illness : A meta-analytic review of investigations into autobiographical memory specificity and overgenerality among people with psychiatric diagnoses. Psychological Bulletin, 47(10), 1054–1074. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000345
Barry, T. J., Takano, K., Hallford, D. J., Roberts, J. E., Salmon, K., & Raes, F. (2023). Autobiographical memory and psychopathology: Is memory specificity as important as we make it seem? WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(3), e1624. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1624
Lemogne, C., Piolino, P., Jouvent, R., Allilaire, J.-F., & Fossati, P. (2006). Mémoire autobiographique épisodique et dépression: Episodic autobiographical memory in depression: a review. L’Encéphale, 32(5), 781–788. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7006(06)76231-5
Weiss-Cowie, S., Verhaeghen, P., & Duarte, A. (2023). An updated account of overgeneral autobiographical memory in depression. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 149, 105157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105157
​Dalgleish, T., Williams, J. M. G., Golden, A.-M. J., Perkins, N., Barrett, L. F., Barnard, P. J., … Watkins, E. (2007). Reduced specificity of autobiographical memory and depression: The role of executive control. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 136(1), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.136.1.23
​Williams, J. M. G., Barnhofer, T., Crane, C., Herman, D., Raes, F., Watkins, E., & Dalgleish, T. (2007). Autobiographical memory specificity and emotional disorder. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 122-148. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.122
2018-04-23
2023-07-18
effet de surgénéralisation
overgeneral memory effect
overgenerality
​A tendency to recall overgeneral autobiographical memories rather than specific memories observed, for example, in depressed patients.
​Tendance à rappeler des souvenirs autobiographiques surgénéralisés plutôt que des souvenirs spécifiques observée, par exemple, chez les personnes dépressives.
biais de surgénéralité
overgeneral memory bias

Logie, M. (2021). Data for : Do Doorways Really Matter: Investigating Memory Benefits of Event Segmentation in a Virtual Learning Environment (Vol. 1). Mendeley. doi:10.17632/m4db3xvh2s.1
McFadyen, J. (2021, January 4). Exploring the Doorway Effect with Virtual Reality. https://osf.io/6udbt/
Frank Arnould
Lawrence, Z., & Peterson, D. (2016). Mentally walking through doorways causes forgetting: The location updating effect and imagination. Memory, 24(1), 12-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2014.980429
Logie, M. R., & Donaldson, D. I. (2021). Do doorways really matter : Investigating memory benefits of event segmentation in a virtual learning environment. Cognition, 209, 104578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104578
McFadyen, J., Nolan, C., Pinocy, E., Buteri, D., & Baumann, O. (2021). Doorways do not always cause forgetting : A multimodal investigation. BMC Psychology, 9(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-021-00536-3
Pettijohn, K. A., & Radvansky, G. A. (2016). Walking through doorways causes forgetting: Environmental effects. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 28(3), 329–340. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2015.1123712
Radvansky, G. A., & Copeland, D. E. (2006). Walking through doorways causes forgetting: Situation models and experienced space. Memory & cognition, 34(5), 1150–1156. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193261
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
doorway effect
effet de la mise à jour de la localisation
Le fait de traverser une porte (réellement ou par imagination) peut provoquer l'oubli.
Walking through doorways (actually or by imagination) can cause forgetting.
effet de mise à jour de la localisation
location updating effect

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Schacter, D.L. (2001). The seven sins of memory. Houghton Mifflin Company. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Schacter, D. L. (2003). Science de la mémoire. Oublier et se souvenir. Odile Jacob. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
confusion de la source
misattribution error
misattribution of memory
source confusion
source misattribution
source-monitoring error
Erreur consistant à attribuer à un souvenir une mauvaise source d'information.
The error of attributing a wrong source to a memory.

Misattributions of memory
confusions de la source
confusions de sources
confusions des sources
erreurs d'attribution de la source
erreurs d'attribution des sources
misattribution errors
source attribution errors
source confusions
source misattributions
source monitoring error
source monitoring errors
source-monitoring errors
erreur d'attribution de la source
source attribution error

Frank Arnould
Crowder, R. G. (1976). Principles of learning and memory. Psychology Press.
Greene, R. L. (1992). Human memory: Paradigms and paradoxes. Psychology Press.
2017-12-04
2022-04-25
Better memory for an item that has been presented repeatedly compared to an item presented only once.
Meilleure mémoire pour un item qui a été présenté à plusieurs reprises par rapport à un item présenté une seule fois.
effet de répétition
repetition effect

Jersakova, Radka; O'Connor, Akira (2016): Data file for "Investigating the role of assessment method on reports of déjà vu and tip-of-the-tongue states during standard recognition tests". figshare. Dataset. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.3144838.v1
Frank Arnould
Brown, A. S. (2003). A review of the déjà vu experience. Psychological Bulletin, 129(3), 394–413. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.394
Cleary, A.M., & Brown, A. S. (2021). The déjà vu experience (second edition). Psychology Press.
Moulin, C. (2018). The neuropsychology of déjà vu. Rouledge.
2017-12-04
2022-03-29
Chris Moulin
déjà vu experience
déjà vu sensation
expérience de déjà vu
sensation de déjà vu
"subjective experience of familiarity combined with the knowledge that this experience is false." (Moulin, 2018, p. 1)
« expérience subjective de familiarité combinée à la connaissance que cette expérience est fausse. » (Moulin, 2018, p. 1).

déjà vu experiences
déjà vu sensations
expériences de déjà vu
sensations de déjà vu
déjà vu
déjà vu

Frank Arnould
Ryan, J. (1969). Grouping and short-term memory: Different means and patterns of grouping. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 21(2), 137–147. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640746908400206
2017-12-04
2021-08-10
Quand les items d'une liste sont divisés en groupes, par exemple en faisant une pause tous les trois items, le rappel sériel global est amélioré.
When items on a list are divided into groups, for example by pausing every three items, the overall serial recall is improved.
effet de regroupement
grouping effect

Mangiulli, I., & Otgaar, H. (2020, November 18). Crime-related amnesia and Misinformation. https://osf.io/h732g
Romeo, T., & Otgaar, H. (2018, April 15). Denial-Induced Forgetting: The Memory Impairing Effects of Simulated Amnesia for a Mock Crime. https://osf.io/tz3jx
Frank Arnould
2022-04-27
Jelicic, M. (2018). Testing claims of crime-related amnesia. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 617. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00617 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Mangiulli, I., Otgaar, H., Curci, A., & Jelicic, M. (2020). An experimental investigation of the misinformation effect in crime‐related amnesia claims. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(5), 1092–1100. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3697 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Mangiulli, I., Riesthuis, P., & Otgaar, H. (2022). The memory-undermining effect of simulated crime-related amnesia and its legal implications: A review. Psychological Injury and Law, 15(2), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-021-09441-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Zago, S., Preti, A. N., Difonzo, T., D’Errico, A., Sartori, G., Zangrossi, A., & Bolognini, N. (in press). Two cases of malingered crime-related amnesia. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12643 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
Perte, réelle ou simulée, du souvenir d’avoir commis un crime.
Real or simulated memory loss of having committed a crime.
amnésie du crime
crime-related amnesia

Frank Arnould
Gathercole, S. E., Pickering, S. J., Hall, M., & Peaker, S. M. (2001). Dissociable lexical and phonological influences on serial recognition and serial recall. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 4(1), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980042000002
Hulme, C., Maughan, S., & Brown, G. D. A. (1991). Memory for familiar and unfamiliar words: Evidence for a long-term memory contribution to short-term memory span. Journal of Memory and Language, 30(6), 685-701. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(91)90032-F
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
avantage lexical
lexicality advantage
Better serial recall of words than non-words in short-term memory.
Meilleur rappel sériel de mots que de non-mots en mémoire à court terme.
effet de lexicalité
lexicality effect

Forester,Forester, G. (2020, October 10). Adaptive Memory: Independent Effects of Survival Processing and Reward Motivation on Memory. https://osf.io/tdyrb/
Nieuwenstein, M., Hansen-Manguikian, L., Yildirim, B., & Ainsworth, S. (2021, May 29). Understanding the survival processing advantage for memory. https://osf.io/tcevb/
Renkewitz, F., & Müller, S. M. (2016, August 19). Replication of Nairne, Pandeirada, & Thompson (2008, PS, Study 2). https://osf.io/jhkpe/
Rummel, J., Kroneisen, M., & Wöstenfeld, F. O. (2019, November 25). Survival Processing and Serial Recall. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/U5MK3
Scofield, J. E., Buchanan, E. M., & Kostic, B. (2017, August 2). A Meta-analysis of the Survival Processing Advantage in Memory. https://osf.io/6sd8e/
Surviving in a second language: Survival processing effect in memory of bilinguals. (2020). [Data set]. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13186584.v1
Wang, J. (2018, October 29). Survival processing and production effect. https://osf.io/ntvb7/
Wöstenfeld, F. O., Suhaib, A., Kroneisen, M., & Rummel, J. (2019). Does the survival processing memory advantage translate to serial recall? [Data set]. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.2593683
Frank Arnould
Bonin, P., & Bugaiska, A. (2014). « Survivre pour se souvenir ». Une approche novatrice de la mémoire humaine : la mémoire adaptative. L’Année Psychologique, 114(3), 571–610. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503314003066
Kroneisen, M., & Erdfelder, E. (2022). Survival processing effect. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions : Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (3rd ed.). Routledge.
Nairne, J. S. (2010). Adaptive memory: Evolutionary constraints on remembering. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 53, p. 1–32). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(10)53001-9
Scofield, J. E., Buchanan, E. M., & Kostic, B. (2018). A meta-analysis of the survival-processing advantage in memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(3), 997–1012. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1346-0
Wöstenfeld, F. O., Ahmad, S., Kroneisen, M., & Rummel, J. (2020). Does the survival processing memory advantage translate to serial recall? Collabra: Psychology, 6(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.243
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Open Science Collaboration. (2015). Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science. Science, 349(6251), aac4716. doi:10.1126/science.aac4716
avantage du traitement de survie
effet de survie
survival-processing advantage
Les personnes se souviennent mieux de mots après avoir jugé leur pertinence par rapport à un contexte de survie ancestral.
People remember words better after judging their relevance to an ancestral survival context.
L’effet du traitement de survie a également été observé avec des images comme stimuli, dans des tâches de rappel et de reconnaissance, chez l’enfant, l’adulte et la personne âgée, dans des plans expérimentaux inter- et intrasujets.
The survival processing effect was also observed with pictures as stimuli, in recall and recognition tasks, in children, adults, and the elderly, in between- and within-subject designs.
survival processing advantage
survival-processing effect
survival-processing memory advantage
effet du traitement de survie
survival processing effect

Elekes, F., & Sebanz, N. (2020, January 31). Effects of a partner’s task on memory for content and source - data. https://osf.io/y4pmu/
Frank Arnould
Elekes, F., & Sebanz, N. (2020). Effects of a partner’s task on memory for content and source. Cognition, 198, 104221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104221
Eskenazi, T., Doerrfeld, A., Logan, G. D., Knoblich, G., & Sebanz, N. (2013). Your words are my words : Effects of acting together on encoding. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66(5), 1026–1034. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.725058
2020-05-28
2023-03-14
effet du souvenir commun
Better memory for words that a social partner had to study.
Meilleure mémoire de mots qu’un partenaire social a étudiés.
effet de mémoire commune
joint memory effect

Frank Arnould
Craik, F. I. M. (2002). Levels of processing: Past, present... and future? Memory, 10(5–6), 305–318. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210244000135
Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X
Giboin, A. (1979). Le principe des niveaux de traitement ou principe de profondeur. L’Année Psychologique, 79(2), 623–655. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1979.28289
2019-05-29
2021-09-22
Better memory for deeply (semantically) encoded items compared to superficially encoded items.
Meilleure mémoire pour les items encodés de manière profonde (sémantique) par rapport aux items encodés de manière superficielle.
effet du niveau de traitement
level-of-processing effect

Frank Arnould
Azzopardi, B., Auffray, C., & Juhel, J. (2015). L’effet paradoxal du vieillissement sur la mémoire prospective: hypothèses explicatives. Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Viellissement, 13(1), 64–72. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2014.0513
Koo, Y. W., Neumann, D. L., Ownsworth, T., & Shum, D. H. K. (2021). Revisiting the age-prospective memory paradox using laboratory and ecological tasks. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.691752
Rendell, P. G., & Thomson, D. M. (1999). Aging and prospective memory: Differences between naturalistic and laboratory tasks. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 54(4), P256-269. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/54b.4.p256
2020-11-19
2023-09-04
age-PM-paradox
effet paradoxal du vieillissement sur la mémoire prospective
Les personnes âgées manifestent de moins bonnes performances que les adultes jeunes dans des tâches de mémoire prospective réalisées en laboratoire, mais pas dans les tâches de mémoire prospective réalisées dans des situations naturelles.
Older adults perform worse than younger adults on laboratory prospective memory tasks, but not on naturalistic prospective memory tasks.
age-prospective memory-paradox
paradoxe âge-mémoire prospective

Frank Arnould
Baguley, T., Lansdale, M. W., Lines, L. K., & Parkin, J. K. (2006). Two spatial memories are not better than one: evidence of exclusivity in memory for object location. Cognitive psychology, 52(3), 243–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2005.08.001
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Quand deux ou plusieurs souvenirs existent sur la localisation d’un objet, l’analyse de la précision du rappel indique qu’un seul souvenir est accessible à un moment donné.
When two or more memories are available about the location of an object, the analysis of recall accuracy indicates that only one memory is accessible at a given time.
effet d'exclusivité
exclusivity effect

Frank Arnould
McDaniel, M. A., & Bugg, J. M. (2013). Instability in memory phenomena: A common puzzle and a unifying explanation. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 15(2), 237-255. https://doi.org/10.3758/PBR.15.2.237
2017-12-04
2022-05-03
effet de la composition de la liste
list composition paradox
mixed-list paradox
paradoxe des listes mixtes
Certains effets empiriques sont modulés par la composition des listes que le sujet doit mémoriser. Par exemple, ils apparaissent avec les listes mixtes (composées à la fois d'items expérimentaux et de contrôle), mais disparaissent ou sont inversés avec des listes pures ou bloquées (items expérimentaux et de contrôle sont présentés dans des listes différentes).
Some empirical effects are modulated by the composition of the lists that the subject is asked to memorize. For example, they emerge with mixed lists (composed of both experimental and control items), but disappear or are reversed with pure or blocked lists (experimental and control items are presented in different lists).
effet de composition des listes
list composition effect

Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., Holliday, R. E., & Nakamura, K. (2012). Overdistribution in source memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 38(2), 413-439. doi:10.1037/a0025645
Kellen, D., Singmann, H., & Klauer, K. C. (2014). Modeling source-memory overdistribution. Journal of Memory and Language, 76, 216‑236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2014.07.001
2017-12-04
Frank Arnould
2023-03-20
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Probabilité d’assigner simultanément un item à différentes sources.
The probability to simultaneously assign an item to different sources.
source overdistribution
surdistribution de la source

Frank Arnould
Kuhlmann, B. G., & Bayen, U. J. (2016). Metacognitive aspects of source monitoring. In J. Dunlosky, & S. U. Tauber (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Metamemory (pp. 149–168). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199336746.013.8
2020-11-12
2023-09-04
Better source memory when the source is unexpected rather than expected.
Meilleure mémoire de la source d’une information quand cette source est inattendue plutôt qu’attendue.
effet d’incohérence
inconsistency effect

Quevedo Pütter, J., & Erdfelder, E. (2022). Alcohol-induced retrograde facilitation? Experimental Psychology, 69(6), 335–350. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000569
Frank Arnould
Quevedo Pütter, J., & Erdfelder, E. (2022). Alcohol-induced retrograde facilitation? Experimental Psychology, 69(6), 335–350. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000569
Wixted, J. T. (2010). The role of retroactive inteference and consolidation in everyday forgetting. In S. Della Sala (Ed.), Forgetting (p. 285-312). Psychology Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
Quevedo Pütter, J., & Erdfelder, E. (2022). Alcohol-induced retrograde facilitation? Experimental Psychology, 69(6), 335–350. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000569
amélioration rétrograde
retrograde enhancement
Observation d'une amélioration de la mémoire pour les évènements qui ont précédé l'administration de certaines substances (par exemple, l'alcool, les benzodiazépines, le glucose, l'amphétamine).
Observation of memory enhancement for events that preceded the administration of certain drugs (e.g. alcohol, benzodiazepines, glucose, amphetamine).
facilitation rétrograde
retrograde facilitation

Brédart, S., François, S., & Guimond, S. (2013). The effect of spontaneous self-reference on memory: A replication: L’Année Psychologique, Vol. 113(2), 161–167. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy.132.0161
Frank Arnould
Brédart, S., François, S., & Guimond, S. (2013). The effect of spontaneous self-reference on memory: A replication: L’Année Psychologique, Vol. 113(2), 161–167. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy.132.0161
Daury, N. (2012). Influence de l’autoréférence sur la mémoire épisodique. In S. Brédart & M. Van der Linden (Eds.), Identité et cognition : apports de la psychologie et de la neuroscience cognitives (pp. 89–105). De Boeck.
Rogers, T. B., Kuiper, N. A., & Kirker, W. S. (1977). Self-reference and the encoding of personal information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35(9), 677-688. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.35.9.677
Symons, C. S., & Johnson, B. T. (1997). The self-reference effect in memory: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 121(3), 371–394. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.121.3.371
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
effet de référence à soi
self-bias
self-referential effect
Better memory for items processed with reference to the self.
La mémoire est meilleure lorsque les éléments à mémoriser sont traités en référence à soi.

effet d'autoréférence
self-reference effect

Frank Arnould
Delvenne, J.-F. (2005). The capacity of visual short-term memory within and between hemifields. Cognition, 96(3), B79-B88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2004.12.007
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
En mémoire à court terme visuelle, les sujets se souviennent mieux d’items distribués sur les deux champs visuels (par exemple, meilleur souvenir de deux chiffres quand chaque chiffre est présenté dans un hémichamp visuel différent) par rapport à des items présentés dans un seul hémichamp (par exemple, deux chiffres présentés dans le même hémichamp visuel).
In short-term visual memory, subjects remembered more items distributed across both visual fields (e.g., better memory for two digits when each digit is presented in a different visual hemifield) than items presented in one hemifield (e.g., two digits in the same visual hemifield).
avantage du champ bilatéral
bilateral field advantage

Frank Arnould
Clarkson, L., Roodenrys, S., Miller, L. M., & Hulme, C. (2017). The phonological neighbourhood effect on short-term memory for order. Memory, 25(3), 391‑402. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1179330
Roodenrys, S., Hulme, C., Lethbridge, A., Hinton, M., & Nimmo, L. M. (2002). Word-frequency and phonological-neighborhood effects on verbal short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(6), 1019‑1034. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.6.1019
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Le rappel sériel à court terme de mots est influencé par leurs voisins phonologiques, c'est-à-dire les mots, qui n'ont pas été présentés, partageant les mêmes lettres que les mots étudiés, sauf une lettre.
Short-term serial recall of words is affected by their phonological neighbours, that is to say, non-presented words sharing the same letters as the target studied words except one letter (e.g. cat and bat)
phonological neighborhood effect
effet du voisinage phonologique
phonological neighbourhood effect

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A. D., Thomson, N., & Buchanan, M. (1975). Word length and the structure of short-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 14(6), 575-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(75)80045-4
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
effet de la longueur des mots
Better immediate memory for short words than for long words. The effect is more based on the time required to articulate the words than on the number of syllables. The effect is, however, more general since it has also been observed in delayed serial recall tasks and in immediate and delayed free recall tasks.
Effet montrant que la mémoire immédiate est meilleure pour les mots courts que pour les mots longs. L’effet repose plus sur le temps nécessaire pour articuler les mots que sur le nombre de syllabes. L’effet est toutefois plus général puisqu’il a aussi été observé dans des tâches de rappel sériel différé, ainsi que dans des tâches de rappel libre immédiat et différé.
effet de longueur des mots
word length effect

Frank Arnould
Segaert, K., Weber, K., de Lange, F. P., Petersson, K. M., & Hagoort, P. (2013). The suppression of repetition enhancement: A review of fMRI studies. Neuropsychologia, 51(1), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.11.006
2017-12-04
2021-10-08
Augmentation de l'activité nerveuse quand un stimulus est présenté à plusieurs reprises. Celle-ci pourrait être un indicateur de l'apprentissage et de la reconnaissance d'un stimulus.
Increase in neural activity when a stimulus is repeated which could be an indicator of stimulus learning and recognition.
amélioration par répétition
repetition enhancement

Frank Arnould
Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
According to Bartlett (1932), the tendency of individuals to produce memory errors that conform to their cultural background when they remember a story.
Chez Bartlett (1932), tendance à produire des erreurs de mémoire qui se conforment au milieu culturel des sujets quand ceux-ci se souviennent d'une histoire.
rationalisation
rationalization

Lukavsky, J., & Klinger, V. (2019, November 12). Boundary extension in the internal parts of the images. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/M3XPE
Frank Arnould
Blazhenkova, O. (2017). Boundary extension in face processing. I-Perception, 8(5), 2041669517724808. https://doi.org/10.1177/2041669517724808
Intraub, H., & Richardson, M. (1989). Wide-angle memories of close-up scenes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(2), 179–187. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.2.179
Ménétrier, E., Didierjean, A., & Marmèche, É. (2011). Le système visuel traite-t-il les photographies comme des fenêtres ouvertes sur le monde? L'Année Psychologique, 111(4), 753–773. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503311004064
van den Bos, L. M. E. C., Benjamins, J. S., & Postma, A. (2020). Episodic and semantic memory processes in the boundary extension effect: An investigation using the remember/know paradigm. Acta Psychologica, 211, 103190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103190
2017-12-04
2023-04-18
effet d'extension des limites
Distorsion de la mémoire qui consiste à se souvenir d'une image ou d'une photographie avec une plus grande étendue que celle réellement présente, comme si le sujet utilisait dans son souvenir un plus grand angle de vue, pouvant aller jusqu'à insérer des éléments nouveaux dans le nouvel espace ainsi créé (Intraud & Richardson, 1989).
Memory distortion when a picture or a photograph is remembered with a greater extent than actually present, as if the subject was using in his memory a wider angle of view, going as far as inserting new items in the new created space (Intraud & Richardson, 1989).
Dans l’expérience d’Intraub et Richardson (1989), les participants étudient 20 photographies, pendant 15 secondes chacune, représentant un objet principal ou un groupe d’objets. Après la présentation des photographies, les sujets les dessinent de mémoire à l’intérieur d’un rectangle correspondant à leurs dimensions originales. Les résultats montrent que les participants ont tendance à dessiner les objets plus petits que dans les scènes étudiées, remplissant alors l’espace de nouveaux éléments susceptibles d’être présents si les scènes avaient été présentées avec un angle de vue plus large.
In Intraub and Richardson's (1989) experiment, participants study 20 photographs, for 15 seconds each, depicting a main object or a group of objects. After the photographs are presented, subjects draw them from memory. The results show that participants tend to draw the objects smaller than in the studied scenes, thus filling the space with new elements that might have been present if the scenes had been presented with a wider viewing angle.
boundary extension illusion
illusion de l'extension des limites

Brinkhuis, I., & Otgaar, H. (2021, October 9). The Effect of Simulating Amnesia on the Creation of Spontaneous False Memories . https://osf.io/xq23z
Le Moignan, E., Patihis, L., & Mangiulli, I. (2022, March 8). The effects of simulating amnesia and misinformation on memory performance for mock offenders. https://osf.io/kms62
Mangiulli, I., & Otgaar, H. (2020, November 18). Crime-related amnesia and Misinformation. Retrieved from https://osf.io/h732g
Romeo, T., & Otgaar, H. (2018, April 15). Denial-Induced Forgetting: The Memory Impairing Effects of Simulated Amnesia for a Mock Crime. https://osf.io/tz3jx
Frank Arnould
2022-04-27
Jelicic, M. (2018). Testing claims of crime-related amnesia. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 617. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00617 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Mangiulli, I., Otgaar, H., Curci, A., & Jelicic, M. (2020). An experimental investigation of the misinformation effect in crime‐related amnesia claims. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(5), 1092–1100. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3697 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Mangiulli, I., Riesthuis, P., & Otgaar, H. (2022). The memory-undermining effect of simulated crime-related amnesia and its legal implications: A review. Psychological Injury and Law, 15(2), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-021-09441-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Otgaar, H., & Baker, A. (2018). When lying changes memory for the truth. Memory, 26(1), 2–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1340286 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Zago, S., Piacquadio, E., Monaro, M., Orrù, G., Sampaolo, E., Difonzo, T., Toncini, A., & Heinzl, E. (2019). The detection of malingered amnesia: An approach involving multiple strategies in a mock crime. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00424 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-05
amnésie simulée
faking amnesia
feigned amnesia
malingered amnesia
malingering amnesia
simulation d'amnésie
simulation of amnesia
A situation in which a person feigns amnesia, for example, by pretending not to remember having committed a crime. Simulated amnesia can have a negative effect on the memory for facts and events.
Situation dans laquelle une personne feint de souffrir d’amnésie, par exemple, en prétendant de ne pas se souvenir d’avoir commis un crime. L’amnésie simulée peut avoir des conséquences négatives sur la mémoire des faits et des évènements.
simulating amnesia
simulation d'une amnésie
simuler l'amnésie
simuler une amnésie
amnésie feinte
simulated amnesia

Frank Arnould
Paivio, A. (1969). Mental imagery in associative learning and memory. Psychological Review, 76(3), 241-263. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027272
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
effet d'imageabilité
effet d'imagerie
imageability effect
Better memory for concrete words (e.g. table or book) than for abstract words (e.g. goodness or justice).
Meilleure mémoire des mots concrets (table ou livre, par exemple) que des mots abstraits (bonté ou justice, par exemple).
concreteness effect
effet de concrétude

Jaeger, A., Queiroz, M. C., Selmeczy, D., & Dobbins, I. (2019, December 13). Confidence Accuracy Dissociation During Source Memory Cueing. https://osf.io/fjp5d
Spearing, E. R., & Wade, K. A. (2021, April 23). The Effect of the Timing of Confidence Ratings on Accuracy: Confidence Calibration in Eyewitness Recall. https://osf.io/gqkyp
Van Boeijen, I. M. (2018, August 26). The Role of Eyewitness-Specific Metamemory on Identification Accuracy and the Confidence–Accuracy Relationship. https://osf.io/k23bs
Wixted, J. (2020, June 5). Discrete-state vs. continuous models of the confidence-accuracy relationship. https://osf.io/53vhq
Arndorfer, A., & Charman, S. D. (2022). Assessing the effect of eyewitness identification confidence assessment method on the confidence-accuracy relationship. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 28(3), 414‑432. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000348
2022-09-09
Frank Arnould
Brewer, N., Lucas, C., Sauer, J., & Palmer, M. (2021). Measuring the relationship between eyewitness identification confidence and accuracy. In A. M. Smith, M. P. Toglia, & J. M. Lampinen (Eds.), Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks (pp. 234–256). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003138105-14 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T., & Wells, G. L. (2017). The relationship between eyewitness confidence and identification accuracy: A new synthesis. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 18(1), 10–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100616686966 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
2023-07-21
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
accuracy–confidence relation
relation confiance-exactitude
Relation entre le niveau de confiance qu’une personne attribue à un souvenir (par exemple, le niveau de confiance d’un témoin oculaire d’avoir identifié le suspect d’un crime) et l’exactitude du souvenir.
The relationship between the level of confidence a person assigns to a memory (e.g. the level of confidence an eyewitness has in identifying the suspect) and the accuracy of the memory.
confidence-accuracy relation
confidence-accuracy relationship
relation confiance-précision

Frank Arnould
Brown, N. R., & Lee, P. J. (2010). Public events and the organization of autobiographical memory: An overview of the living-in-history project. Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 2(2), 133–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/19434471003597431
Brown, N. R., Lee, P. J., Krslak, M., Conrad, F. G., G B Hansen, T., Havelka, J., & Reddon, J. R. (2009). Living in history: how war, terrorism, and natural disaster affect the organization of autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 20(4), 399–405. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02307.x
Islam, A., & Haque, S. (2022). Living-in-history effect in the dating of important autobiographical memories. Memory & Cognition, 50(4), 1078–1089. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01250-6
2017-12-04
2023-08-09
A tendency in people who have experienced historical changes (war, natural disaster, terrorist attacks, etc.) to date their autobiographical memories from autobiographical periods defined by historical events.
Chez les personnes ayant vécu des bouleversements historiques (guerre, catastrophe naturelle, terrorisme...), tendance à dater leurs souvenirs autobiographiques à partir de périodes autobiographiques définies par les évènements historiques.
effet vivre dans l'histoire
living-in-history effect

Frank Arnould
Schmidt, S. R. (1994). Effects of humor on sentence memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20(4), 953-967. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.20.4.953
Schmidt, S. R. (2002). The humour effect: differential processing and privileged retrieval. Memory (Hove, England), 10(2), 127-138. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210143000263
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Composition de la liste : l’effet apparaît quand les sujets se souviennent d’une liste d’items humoristiques et non humoristiques, mais pas quand ils se souviennent d’une liste ne contenant que des items humoristiques et une liste ne contenant que des items non humoristiques (Schmidt, 1994 ; 2002).
List composition: the effect appears when subjects remember a list of humorous and non-humorous items, but not when they remember a list containing only humorous items and a list containing only non-humorous items (Schmidt, 1994 ; 2002).
Better memory for humorous material compared to non-humorous material.
La mémoire est meilleure quand le matériel est humoristique par rapport à la mémoire d'un matériel non humoristique.
effet de l'humour
humour effect

Frank Arnould
Criss, A. H., Malmberg, K. J., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2011). Output interference in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 64(4), 316–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2011.02.003
Peixotto, H. E. (1947). Proactive inhibition in the recognition of nonsense syllables. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 37(1), 81–91. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0060509
Smith, A. D. (1971). Output interference and organized recall from long-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 10(4), 400–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(71)80039-7
Tulving, E., & Arbuckle, T. Y. (1966). Input and output interference in short-term associative memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72(1), 145–150. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023344
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
Quand la mémoire d'un matériel est évaluée, le fait de se souvenir d'une partie des items réduit la probabilité de se souvenir des items suivants.
Retrieving specific items reduces the probability of retrieving the remaining items.
For example, in an experiment by Smith (1971, Experiment 1), participants are asked to study words that are exemplars of different semantic categories. They are then asked to remember the words using the name of each category as a cue, given 30 s or 60 s for the recall per category. The results show that mean word recall decreases as a function of the position of the category cue in the recall sequence: the later the cue is presented, the fewer exemplars of the category are remembered by participants.
Par exemple, dans une expérience conduite par Smith (1971, Expérience 1), les participants sont invités à mémoriser des mots qui sont des exemplaires de catégories sémantiques différentes. Ils doivent ensuite se souvenir des mots à l’aide du nom de chaque catégorie comme indice, en disposant de 30 s ou de 60 s pour le rappel par catégorie. Les résultats montrent que le rappel moyen des mots décroît en fonction de la position de l’indice catégoriel dans la séquence de rappel : plus l’indice est présenté tardivement, moins les participants se souviennent des exemplaires de la catégorie.
interférence en sortie
output interference

Frank Arnould
MacKay, D. G., & Ahmetzanov, M. V. (2005). Emotion, memory, and attention in the taboo stroop paradigm: An experimental analogue of flashbulb memories. Psychological Science, 16(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.00776.x
2017-12-04
2023-04-03
Better memory for taboo words than for emotionally neutral words.
Meilleure mémoire de mots tabous par rapport aux mots émotionnellement neutres.
effet des mots tabous
taboo word effect

Frank Arnould
Blaney, P. H. (1986). Affect and memory: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 99(2), 229-246. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.99.2.229
Faul, L., & LaBar, K. S. (in press). Mood-congruent memory revisited. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000394
2017-12-04
2023-07-25
effet de la congruence de l'humeur
mood congruence effect
mood congruency effect
souvenir congruent avec l'humeur
Récupération sélective de souvenirs qui ont la même tonalité affective que l'humeur du moment.
Selective retrieval of memories that have the same affective tone as the current mood.
souvenirs congruents avec l'humeur
mood-congruent memory
mémoire congruente avec l'humeur

Frank Arnould
Nguyen, K., & McDaniel, M. A. (2015). The picture complexity effect: Another list composition paradox. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 41(4), 1026-1037. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000071
Zucco, G., Bardesano, T. A., & Cornoldi, C. (1984). Il ruolo di dettagli non essenziali e della loro predicibilità contestuale nella rievocazione di nomi di figure. = The role of nonessential details and of their contextual predictability in the recall of the names of pictures. Ricerche di Psicologia, 8(4), 43-58.
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
Composition des listes : l’effet est présent dans les listes mixtes, mélangeant des images complexes et simples, mais pas quand sont comparées des listes pures, composées uniquement d’images complexes ou d’images simples (Ngyen & McDaniel, 1999).
List composition: the effect is present in mixed lists, combining complex and simple pictures, but not when comparing pure lists, composed only of complex or simple pictures (Ngyen & McDaniel, 1999).
effet de la complexité des images
Better memory for complex pictures than for simple pictures.
Meilleure rétention des images complexes que des images simples.
effet de complexité des images
picture complexity effect

Frank Arnould
Schooler, J. N., & Storm, B. C. (2021). Saved information is remembered less well than deleted information, if the saving process is perceived as reliable. Memory, 29(9), 1101–1110. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1962356
Sparrow, B., Liu, J., & Wegner, D. M. (2011). Google effects on memory : Cognitive consequences of having information at our fingertips. Science, 333(6043), 776‑778. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1207745
2021-09-23
2023-09-04
Schooler, J. N., & Storm, B. C. (in press). Saved information is remembered less well than deleted information, if the saving process is perceived as reliable. doi:10.1080/09658211.2021.1962356
"people are more likely to remember information that is deleted from a computer than information that is saved on a computer" (Schooler & Storm, 2021, p. 1101).
« les personnes sont plus susceptibles de se souvenir d'informations supprimées d'un ordinateur que d'informations sauvegardées sur un ordinateur » (Schooler & Storm, 2021, p. 1101).
Google effect
effet Google

Frank Arnould
Mulligan, N. W. (2020). Negative effects of repetition and testing. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory quirks : The study of odd phenomena in memory (p. 114‑136). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-10
Mulligan, N. W., & Peterson, D. J. (2013). The negative repetition effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(5), 1403-1416. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031789
2017-12-04
2022-01-04
Dans certaines circonstances, moins bon rappel d’un item qui a été répété par rapport à un item présenté une seule fois.
In some conditions, lower recall of a repeated item compared to a non-repeated item.
effet négatif de la répétition
negative repetition effect

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Brackmann, N., Sauerland, M., & Otgaar, H. (2019). Developmental trends in lineup performance: Adolescents are more prone to innocent bystander misidentifications than children and adults. Memory & Cognition, 47(3), 428–440. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0877-6 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Davis, D., Loftus, E. F., Vanous, S., & Cucciare, M. (2008). `Unconscious transference’ can be an instance of `change blindness’. In APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (Vol. 22, Issue 5, pp. 605–623). JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1395 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Loftus, E. F. (1976). Unconscious transference in eyewitness identification. Law & Psychology Review, 2, 93–98. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Read, J. D., Tollestrup, P., Hammersley, R., McFadzen, E., & Christensen, A. (1990). The unconscious transference effect: Are innocent bystanders ever misidentified? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 4(1), 3–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350040103 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Ross, D. F., Ceci, S. J., Dunning, D., & Toglia, M. P. (1994). Unconscious transference and mistaken identity: When a witness misidentifies a familiar but innocent person. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(6), 918–930. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.79.6.918 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Wulff, A. N., & Hyman, I. E. (2022). Crime blindness: The impact of inattentional blindness on eyewitness awareness, memory, and identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(1), 166–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3906 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-05
bystander misidentification
transfert inconscient
unconscious transference
Dans le contexte du témoignage oculaire, un phénomène « qui se produit lorsqu'un témoin oculaire confond une personne familière mais innocente avec un agresseur réel. » (Ross et al., 1994, p. 918).
In the context of eyewitness testimony, a phenomenon « which is said to occur when an eyewitness confuses a familiar but innocent person with an actual assailant. » (Ross et al., 1994, p. 918).

effet de transfert inconscient
unconscious transference effect

Li, C., Otgaar, H., & Wang, J. (2020, January 16). Creating Nonbelieved Memories for Bizarre Actions Using an Imagination Inflation Procedure. https://osf.io/38jwt
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Garry, M., Manning, C. G., Loftus, E. F., & Sherman, S. J. (1996). Imagination inflation: Imagining a childhood event inflates confidence that it occurred. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3(2), 208–214. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03212420 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-05
inflation de l'imagination
inflation par imagination
A memory error where people are more likely to believe they experienced hypothetical events after imagining them.
Erreur de mémoire dans laquelle les personnes sont plus susceptibles de croire qu'elles ont vécu des événements hypothétiques après les avoir imaginés.

imagination inflation
effet d'inflation par imagination
imagination inflation effect

Frank Arnould
Tanaka, J. W., & Farah, M. J. (1993). Parts and wholes in face recognition. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 46(2), 225-245. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640749308401045
Tanaka, J. W., & Simonyi, D. (2016). The “parts and wholes” of face recognition: A review of the literature. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(10), 1876–1889. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2016.1146780
2017-12-04
2022-04-29
Better recognition of a facial feature (e.g. the nose) when it is presented in the context of a full face rather than in isolation.
Meilleure reconnaissance d'un trait du visage (par exemple le nez) quand celui-ci est présenté dans le contexte d'un visage complet plutôt qu'isolément.
effet du tout sur la partie
whole-part effect

Murre, J. M. J. (2021, December 3). Data Godden and Baddeley (1975) Replication in Excel. https://osf.io/q2vjk/
Shin, Y. S., Masís-Obando, R., Keshavarzian, N., Davé, R., & Norman, K. A. (2020, April 6). Context-dependent memory effects in VR. https://osf.io/5t9mv/
Frank Arnould
Godden, D. R., & Baddeley, A. D. (1975). Context-dependent memory in two natural envrionments: on land and underwater. British Journal of Psychology, 66(3), 325–331. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1975.tb01468.x
Murre, J. M. J. (2021). The Godden and Baddeley (1975) experiment on context-dependent memory on land and underwater : A replication. Royal Society Open Science, 8(11), 200724. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200724
Shin, Y. S., Masís-Obando, R., Keshavarzian, N., Dáve, R., & Norman, K. A. (2021). Context-dependent memory effects in two immersive virtual reality environments : On Mars and underwater. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(2), 574‑582. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01835-3
Smith, S. M., & Vela, E. (2001). Environmental context-dependent memory: A review and meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8(2), 203–220. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196157 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
2017-12-04
2022-04-25
Murre, J. M. J. (2021). The Godden and Baddeley (1975) experiment on context-dependent memory on land and underwater : A replication. Royal Society Open Science, 8(11), 200724. doi:10.1098/rsos.200724
effet du souvenir dépendant du contexte
environmental context-dependent memory
mémoire dépendante du contexte environnemental
Better memory of information when the environmental context of learning is identical to that of memory retrieval.
Meilleure mémoire d'informations quand le contexte environnemental de l'apprentissage est identique à celui de la récupération des souvenirs.
Godden and Baddeley (1975) found that divers who learned a word list underwater recalled it better while diving, and similarly if learning and recall occurred on the beach. On the other hand, if recall occurs in a different environmental context than learning (learning while diving and recall on the beach, and vice versa), recall is worse than in the similar environment condition.
Godden et Baddeley (1975) ont découvert que des plongeurs ayant appris une liste de mots sous l’eau la rappellent mieux en plongée, de même si l’apprentissage et le rappel s’effectuent sur la plage. Par contre, si le rappel se déroule dans un contexte environnemental différent de celui de l’apprentissage (apprentissage en plongée et rappel sur la plage, et inversement), le rappel est moins bon que dans la condition d’environnement similaire.

context-dependent memory effect
effet de la mémoire dépendante du contexte

2022-03-30
Cochran, K. J., Greenspan, R. L., Bogart, D. F., & Loftus, E. F. (2016). Memory blindness: Altered memory reports lead to distortion in eyewitness memory. Memory & Cognition, 44(5), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-016-0594-y [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Stille, L., Norin, E., & Sikström, S. (2017). Self-delivered misinformation—Merging the choice blindness and misinformation effect paradigms. PLoS ONE, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173606 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Urban, E. J., Cochran, K. J., Acevedo, A. M., Cross, M. P., Pressman, S. D., & Loftus, E. F. (2019). Misremembering pain: A memory blindness approach to adding a better end. Memory & Cognition, 47(5), 954–967. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00913-9 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-05
cécité mnésique
Phenomenon occurring when a person is unable to detect the differences between his or her original memories of an event and a modified version of those memories containing misleading information.
Phénomène se manifestant quand une personne ne détecte pas de différence entre ses souvenirs initiaux d'un évènement et une version modifiée de ces souvenirs contenant de fausses informations.
memory blindness
effet de cécité mnésique
memory blindness effect

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2005). The Science of False Memory. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
False memories are stable over time and, in some circumstances, more so than true memories. Furthermore, with time, the number of false memories increases and the number of true memories decreases (Brainerd & Reyna, 2005).
Les faux souvenirs sont stables dans le temps et, dans certaines circonstances, peuvent l'être plus que les vrais souvenirs. En outre, avec le temps, le nombre de faux souvenirs peut augmenter, alors même que le nombre de vrais souvenirs décline (Brainerd & Reyna, 2005).
effet de fausse persistance
false-persistence effect

Frank Arnould
Kroll, J. F., & Stewart, E. (1994). Category interference in translation and picture naming: Evidence for asymmetric connections between bilingual memory representations. Journal of Memory and Language, 33(2), 149-174. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1994.1008
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
category interference effect
effet d'interférence catégorielle
Latence de dénomination plus longue d'images regroupées par catégorie sémantique.
Longer naming latency of pictures grouped by semantic categories.
effet de regroupement sémantique
semantic blocking effect

Frank Arnould
Fernandes, M. A., Wammes, J. D., & Meade, M. E. (2018). The surprisingly powerful influence of drawing on memory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 0963721418755385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721418755385
Meade, M. E., Klein, M. D., & Fernandes, M. A. (2020). The benefit (and cost) of drawing as an encoding strategy. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 73(2), 199–210. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021819869188
Wammes, J. D., Meade, M. E., & Fernandes, M. A. (2016). The drawing effect: Evidence for reliable and robust memory benefits in free recall. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(9), 1752-1776. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2015.1094494
2017-12-04
2021-08-10
Better memory for information (for example, words or definitions) that has been drawn.
Meilleure mémoire d'informations (par exemple, des mots ou des définitions) qui ont été dessinées.
drawing effect
effet du dessin

Frank Arnould
Howard, M. W., & Kahana, M. J. (2002). When does semantic similarity help episodic retrieval? Journal of Memory and Language, 46(1), 85–98. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.2001.2798
2017-12-04
2021-08-11
Tendance à rappeler ensemble les items d'une liste qui partagent des attributs sémantiques.
Tendency to recall list items sharing common semantic features together.
effet de proximité sémantique
semantic proximity effect

Frank Arnould
Murray, D. J. (1965). Vocalization-at-presentation and immediate recall, with varying presentation-rates. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17(1), 47‑56. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470216508416407
Murray, D. J. (1967). The role of speech responses in short-term memory. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie, 21(3), 263–276. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0082978
Murray, D. J. (1968). Articulation and acoustic confusability in short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 78(4, Pt.1), 679‑684. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0026641
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
concurrent articulation effect
effet d'articulation concurrente
suppression articulatoire
Disturbance of verbal short-term memory when subjects articulate repeatedly an item (e.g. bah, bah, bah....) concurrently during a span task. The articulatory suppression eliminates the phonological similarity effect when the material is visually presented.
Effet montrant que l'empan verbal est réduit quand le sujet articule de manière répétée un item (par exemple, bla, bla, bla…) de façon concurrente à la tâche d’empan. La suppression articulatoire élimine l’effet de similarité phonologique quand la présentation du matériel est visuelle.

articulatory suppression effect
effet de suppression articulatoire

Pradhan, R. (2021, July 27). Event Segmentation and Event Boundary Advantage: Role of Attention and Post-encoding processes. Retrieved fromhttps://osf.io/rcgzq
Frank Arnould
Pradhan, R., & Kumar, D. (2021). Event segmentation and event boundary advantage : Role of attention and postencoding processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001155
2022-01-03
2023-09-04
Better memory for elements appearing at the beginning and end of an event than for what happens between these points in time.
Meilleure mémoire des éléments apparaissant au début et à la fin d’un évènement que pour ce qui se déroule entre ces frontières.
avantage des limites de l’évènement
event boundary advantage

Frank Arnould
Healey, M. K., Long, N. M., & Kahana, M. J. (2019). Contiguity in episodic memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(3), 699–720. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1537-3
Kahana, M. J. (1996). Associative retrieval processes in free recall. Memory & Cognition, 24(1), 103–109. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197276
2017-12-04
2022-09-08
effet de contiguïté temporelle
temporal contiguity effect
Contiguous items in a list are more likely to be recalled jointly.
Les items qui occupent des positions contiguës dans la liste d'étude tendent à être ensuite rappelés conjointement.
contiguity effect
effet de contiguïté

Frank Arnould
Pepe, N. W., Moyer, A., Peña, T., & Rajaram, S. (in press). Deceitful hints: A meta-analytic review of the part-list cuing impairment in recall. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-023-02263-9
Slamecka, N.J. (1968). An examination of trace storage in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 76(4, Pt.1), 504-513. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0025695
Xing, M., Niu, Z., & Liu, T. (2021). The part-list cuing effect in working memory : The influence of task presentation mode. Acta Psychologica, 219, 103393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103393
2021-08-30
2023-09-04
part-list cuing impairment effect
part-set cuing effect
part-set cuing impairment effect
part-set cuing inhibition effect
L’utilisation d’une partie des items de la liste étudiée comme indices de récupération au moment du rappel détériore la mémoire des autres items non présentés comme indices de récupération.
“re-exposure of a subset of memory items as retrieval cues often impairs recall of the remaining non-cue (target) items“ (Xing et al., 2021).
effet d’indiçage partiel d’une liste
part-list cuing effect

McCurdy, M. P., Viechtbauer, W., Sklenar, A., Frankenstein, A. N., & Leshikar, E. D. (2020, March 15). Theories of the Generation Effect and the Impact of Generation Constraint: A Meta-Analytic Review. https://osf.io/9pv7a/
Zormpa, E., & Brehm, L. (2020, March 21). The production and the generation effect improve memory in picture naming. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7KQ5S
Frank Arnould
Bertsch, S., Pesta, B. J., Wiscott, R., & McDaniel, M. A. (2007). The generation effect : A meta-analytic review. Memory & Cognition, 35(2), 201–210. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193441
Blaxton, T. A. (1989). Investigating dissociations among memory measures : Support for a transfer-appropriate processing framework. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(4), 657–668. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.4.657
Jacoby, L. L. (1983). Remembering the data : Analyzing interactive processes in reading. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22(5), 485–508. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(83)90301-8
McCurdy, M. P., Viechtbauer, W., Sklenar, A. M., Frankenstein, A. N., & Leshikar, E. D. (2020). Theories of the generation effect and the impact of generation constraint : A meta-analytic review. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 27(6), 1139‑1165. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01762-3
Schindler, J., Richter, T., & Mar, R. (2021). Does generation benefit learning for narrative and expository texts? A direct replication attempt. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(2), 559‑564. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3781
Schmidt, S. R., & Cherry, K. (1989). The negative generation effect : Delineation of a phenomenon. Memory & Cognition, 17(3), 359–369. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.4.6.592
Serra, M., & Nairne, J. S. (1993). Design controversies and the generation effect : Support for an item-order hypothesis. Memory & Cognition, 21(1), 34–40. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211162
Slamecka, N. J., & Graf, P. (1978). The generation effect: Delineation of a phenomenon. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 4(6), 592–604. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.4.6.592
Srinivas, K., & Roediger, H. L. (1990). Classifying implicit memory tests : Category association and anagram solution. Journal of Memory and Language, 29(4), 389–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(90)90063-6
2017-12-04
McCurdy, M. P., & Leshikar, E. D. (2022). Contextual framework of the generation effect. The American Journal of Psychology, 135(3), 251–270. https://doi.org/10.5406/19398298.135.3.01 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-03-19
Age: larger effect in older adults compared to younger adults (Betsch et al., 2007).
Composition de la liste : effet éliminé ou réduit quand les listes sont composées entièrement d’items à lire ou à générer, comparativement à des listes mixtes (Serra & Nairne, 1993 ; Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Contrainte de génération (quantité d'informations données au participant pour générer une certaine réponse) : les contraintes faibles produisent un effet de génération plus important que les contraintes moyennes ou élevées, mais seulement dans les tâches de rappel libre et de rappel indicé. Pas d’influence du niveau de contrainte dans une tâche de reconnaissance (McCurdy et al., 2020).
Experimental design: Larger effect in an intra-subject design than in an inter-subject design (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Generated information: larger effect when the subject has to generate the complete target compared to the generation of part of the target (Betsch et al., 2007).
Generation constraint (amount of information given to the participant to generate a certain response): low constraints produce a higher generation effect than medium or high constraints, but only in free recall and cued recall tasks. No influence of the constraint level in a recognition task (McCurdy et al., 2020).
Generation rule: Calculation generation produces the largest effect (Betsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Information générée : effet plus important quand le sujet doit générer une information complète comparé à la génération d'une partie d'une information (Betsch et al., 2007).
Intervalle de rétention : effet de plus en plus large quand l'intervalle de rétention augmente (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Learning type: larger effect in incidental learning than in intentional learning (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
List composition: effect eliminated or reduced when lists are composed entirely of items to be read or generated, compared to mixed lists (Serra & Nairne, 1993 ; Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Mode de génération : effet plus important quand les réponses générées sont verbales/orales, comparativement à des réponses écrites ou implicites (McCurdy et al., 2020).
Mode of generation: larger effect when the responses generated are verbal/oral, compared to written or covert responses (McCurdy et al., 2020).
Nombre de stimuli : effet plus important quand le nombre d'information à générer est plus petit (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Number of stimuli: larger effect when the number of information to be generated is smaller (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Plan expérimental : effet plus important dans un plan intra-sujets que dans un plan inter-sujets (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Relation du stimulus : effet plus important avec la génération d'un associé sémantique (McCurdy et al., 2020).
Retention interval: Increasingly larger effect as retention interval increases (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Règle de génération : La génération de calculs produit l'effet le plus important (Betsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Stimulus relation: larger effect with the generation of a semantic associate (McCurdy et al., 2020).
Stimulus type: larger effect for numbers and words compared to nonwords (Betsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Test type: larger effect in a cued recall or recognition task compared to a free recall task. (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy, 2020).
Test type: the effect is reversed in tests of implicit memory (Braxton, 1989; Jacoby, 1983; Srinivas & Roediger, 1990).
Type d'apprentissage : effet plus important en apprentissage incident qu'en apprentissage intentionnel (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Type de stimulus : effet plus important pour les nombres et les mots que pour des non-mots (Betsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy et al., 2020).
Type de test : effet inversé dans des tests de mémoire implicite (Braxton, 1989 ; Jacoby, 1983 ; Srinivas & Roediger, 1990).
Type de test : effet plus important dans une tâche de rappel indicé ou de reconnaissance comparativement à une tâche de rappel libre (Bertsch et al., 2007 ; McCurdy, 2020).
Âge : effet plus important chez les adultes âgés comparativement aux adultes jeunes (Betsch et al., 2007).
Schindler, J., Richter, T., & Mar, R. (s. d.). Does generation benefit learning for narrative and expository texts? A direct replication attempt. Applied Cognitive Psychology, n/a(n/a). doi:10.1002/acp.3781
Better memory for self-generated items than for read items or items provided by the experimenter. In some circumstances, generation does not affect memory or may have a detrimental effect (negative generation effect).
La mémoire est meilleure pour des éléments que le sujet a générés lui-même que pour des éléments lus ou fournis par l'expérimentateur. Dans certaines circonstances, la génération peut n'avoir aucun effet sur la mémoire ou la détériorer (effet de génération négatif).

effet de génération
generation effect

Frank Arnould
Perdue, B. M., Kelly, A. J., & Beran, M. J. (2018). Assessing distinctiveness effects and “false memories” in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 31. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2019-02863-001&lang=fr&site=ehost-live
Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2009). Principles of memory. Psychology Press.
Waddill, P. J., & McDaniel, M. A. (1998). Distinctiveness effects in recall. Memory & Cognition, 26(1), 108–120. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211374
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
Better memory for information that stands out from other information.
La mémoire est meilleure pour les informations qui se distinguent d'autres informations.
distinctiveness effects
distinctiveness effect
effet de distinctivité

Körner, H. M., & Nuthmann, A. (2023, February 2). Revisiting the Role of Attention in the “Weapon Focus Effect”: Do Weapons Draw Gaze Away From the Perpetrator Under Naturalistic Viewing Conditions? https://osf.io/8w9px
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Carlson, C., & Carlson, M. (2012). A distinctiveness-driven reversal of the weapon-focus effect. Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, 8(1), 36–53. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Carlson, C. A., & Carlson, M. A. (2014). An evaluation of lineup presentation, weapon presence, and a distinctive feature using ROC analysis. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 3(2), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2014.03.004 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Carlson, C., Pleasant, W., Weatherford, D., Carlson, M., & Whittington, J. (2016). The weapon focus effect: Testing an extension of the unusualness hypothesis. Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, 2016, 87–100. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Carlson, C. A., Dias, J. L., Weatherford, D. R., & Carlson, M. A. (2017). An investigation of the weapon focus effect and the confidence-accuracy relationship for eyewitness identification. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 6(1), 82–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2016.04.001 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Davies, G. M., Smith, S., & Blincoe, C. (2008). A “weapon focus” effect in children. Psychology Crime & Law, 14(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/10683160701340593 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Fawcett, J. M., Russell, E. J., Peace, K. A., & Christie, J. (2013). Of guns and geese: a meta-analytic review of the “weapon focus” literature. Psychology, Crime & Law, 19(1), 35–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2011.599325 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Fawcett, J. M., Peace, K. A., & Greve, A. (2016). Looking down the barrel of a gun: What do we know about the weapon focus effect? Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5(3), 257-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2016.07.005 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Kocab, K., & Sporer, S. (2016). The weapon focus effect for person identifications and descriptions: A meta-analysis. In M. K. Miller & B. H. Bornstein (Eds.), Advances in psychology and law (pp. 71–117). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29406-3_3 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Kramer, T. H., Buckhout, R., & Eugenio, P. (1990). Weapon focus, arousal, and eyewitness memory: Attention must be paid. Law and Human Behavior, 14(2), 167–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01062971 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Körner, H. M., Faul, F., & Nuthmann, A. (2023). Revisiting the role of attention in the “weapon focus effect”: Do weapons draw gaze away from the perpetrator under naturalistic viewing conditions? Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-022-02643-8 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Loftus, E. F., Loftus, G. R., & Messo, J. (1987). Some facts about “weapon focus.” Law and Human Behavior, 11(1), 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01044839 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Mansour, J. K., Hamilton, C. M., & Gibson, M. T. (2019). Understanding the weapon focus effect: The role of threat, unusualness, exposure duration, and scene complexity. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(6), 991–1007. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3515 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pickel, K. L., Narter, D. B., Jameson, M. M., & Lenhardt, T. T. (2008). The weapon focus effect in child eyewitnesses. Psychology, Crime, and Law, 14(1), 61–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/10683160701391307 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Steblay, N. M. (1992). A meta-analytic review of the weapon focus effect. Law and Human Behavior, 16(4), 413–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02352267 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
2023-07-21
Apparence physique : l'effet de focalisation sur l'arme sur l’identification du suspect est inversé quand le malfaiteur présente un signe distinctif (Carlson & Carlson, 2012 ; 2014).
Attentes : l'effet de focalisation sur l'arme est plus large quand la présence d’une arme est inattendue et viole les attentes du témoin (Fawcett et al., 2016).
Expectations: the weapon focus effect is larger when the presence of a weapon is unexpected (Fawcett et al., 2016).
Intervalle de rétention : l'ampleur de l’effet de focalisation sur l'arme diminue au fur et à mesure que le temps augmente entre le moment où la scène de crime est vécue et le test de la mémoire (Fawcell et al., 2013).
Physical appearance: the weapon focus effect on suspect identification is reversed when the perpetrator presents a distinctive sign (Carlson & Carlson, 2012; 2014).
Retention interval: the magnitude of the weapon focus effect decreases as the time between the crime scene being experienced and the memory test increases (Fawcell et al., 2013).
Temps d’exposition de l’arme : l'effet de focalisation sur l'arme est plus faible quand la durée d’exposition de l’arme est courte (≤ 10 secondes) ou longue (> 60 secondes), comparativement à un temps d’exposition intermédiaire (entre 10 et 60 secondes) (Fawcett et al., 2013).
Type de témoignage oculaire : les méta-analyses indiquent un effet modéré de focalisation sur l'arme sur le rappel et la description de mémoire des détails d’un crime (par exemple, la description de l’apparence physique du malfaiteur) et un effet faible, voire une absence d’effet, sur l’identification du suspect dans un tapissage de police (Kocab & Sporer, 2016 ; Fawcett et al., 2013 ; Steblay, 1992).
Type d’arme : l'effet de focalisation sur l'arme est plus large sur la description de mémoire de l’apparence physique du malfaiteur quand celui-ci a brandi un couteau ou un couperet à viande comparativement à une arme à feu (Kobac & Sporer, 2016).
Type d’étude : l’effet de focalisation sur l'arme est plus faible dans les études portant sur des cas réels que dans les études en laboratoire ou de simulation d’un crime (Fawcett et al., 2013).
Type of eyewitness testimony: Meta-analyses suggest a moderate weapon focus effect on recalling and describing from memory specific details of a crime, such as the perpetrator's physical appearance. However, this effect is weak or even nonexistent on suspect identification in a police lineup (Kocab and Sporer (2016), Fawcett et al. (2013), and Steblay (1992).
Weapon exposure time: the weapon focus effect is weaker when the weapon exposure time is short (≤ 10 seconds) or long (> 60 seconds), compared to an intermediate exposure time (between 10 and 60 seconds) (Fawcett et al., 2013).
Weapon type: the weapon focus effect is larger for descriptions from memory of the perpetrator's physical appearance when the perpetrator was holding a knife or meat cleaver compared to a gun (Kobac & Sporer, 2016).
effet d'arme
weapon focusing
"a phenomenon whereby the presence of an unexpected weapon (e.g., a gun or knife) impairs memory for the perpetrator as well as other details of a criminal event, excluding the weapon itself." (Fawcett et al., 2016, p. 257-258).
« phénomène par lequel la présence inattendue d’une arme (par exemple, une arme à feu ou un couteau) altère la mémoire de l’auteur d’un crime et d’autres détails d’une scène criminelle, à l’exclusion de l’arme elle-même » (Fawcett et al., 2016, p. 257-258).

weapon focus
effet de focalisation sur l'arme
weapon focus effect

Frank Arnould
Rosch, E. (1975). Cognitive representations of semantic categories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104(3), 192-233. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.104.3.192
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Le temps pour décider qu'un concept est un membre d'une catégorie sémantique est plus court s'il est un membre typique de cette catégorie.
The time needed to decide that a concept is a member of a semantic category is shorter if it is a typical member of that category.
effet de typicalité
typicality effect

Frank Arnould
Chen, X. R., Gomes, C. F. A., & Brainerd, C. J. (2018). Explaining recollection without remembering. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 44(12), 1921–1930. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000559
2019-04-24
2023-03-21
Dans un test de reconnaissance, les sujets sont parfois capables de se souvenir du contexte des items étudiés tout en déclarant ces items comme étant nouveaux.
In a recognition test, people are sometimes able to remember the context of items they have studied while declaring these items to be new.
recollection sans souvenir
recollection without remembering

Frank Arnould
Brown, A. (2020). The butcher on the bus experience. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory Quirks : The study of odd phenomena in memory (p. 224‑247). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-17
MacLeod, C. M. (2020). The butcher on the bus : A note on familiarity without recollection. History of Psychology, 23(4), 383‑387. https://doi.org/10.1037/hop0000178
Mandler, G. (1980). Recognizing : The judgment of previous occurrence. Psychological Review, 87(3), 252‑271. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.87.3.252
2021-06-07
2023-09-04
BOB experience
butcher-on-the-bus phenomenon
expérience du boucher dans le bus
Feeling that a person is familiar, especially when recognized in an atypical context, without recall of particular information about that person.
Sentiment qu’une personne est familière, en particulier quand elle est reconnue dans un contexte atypique, sans rappel d’informations particulières concernant cette personne.
Le phénomène tire son nom de l’exemple donné par Mandler (1980, p. 252-253) : « Imaginez que vous voyez un homme dans un bus que vous êtes sûr d'avoir déjà vu auparavant ; vous le "connaissez" en ce sens. Une telle reconnaissance est généralement suivie d'un processus de recherche demandant, en fait, d'où pourrais-je le connaître ? Qui est-il ? Le processus de recherche génère des contextes probables (est-ce que je le connais au travail ; est-ce une star de cinéma, un commentateur de télévision, le laitier ?) Finalement, la recherche peut aboutir à la conclusion suivante : c'est le boucher du supermarché ! »
The phenomenon takes its name from the example given by Mandler (1980, pp. 252-253): “Consider seeing a man on a bus whom you are sure that you have seen before; you “know” him in that sense. Such a recognition is usually followed by a search process asking, in effect, where could I know him from? Who is he? The search process generates likely contexts (Do I know him from work; is he a movie star, a TV commentator, the milkman?). Eventually the search may end with the insight, that’s the butcher from the supermarket!“
boucher dans le bus
butcher in the bus
butcher in the bus phenomenon
butcher on the bus
butcher on the bus experience
butcher on the bus phenomenon
butcher-in-the-bus
butcher-on-the-bus
butcher-in-the-bus phenomenon
phénomène du boucher dans le bus

Frank Arnould
Williams, C. C. (2010). Incidental and intentional visual memory: What memories are and are not affected by encoding tasks? Visual Cognition, 18(9), 1348-1367. https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2010.486280
Williams, C. C. (2010). Not all visual memories are created equal. Visual Cognition, 18(2), 201-228. https://doi.org/10.1080/13506280802664482
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
After a visual search task in which participants have to identify targets among distractors, better visual memory for targets than for distractors, even when the targets were seen for a shorter time than the distractors or when the time of visual fixation on the distractors and targets is identical.
Après une tâche de recherche visuelle, au cours de laquelle les participants doivent identifier des cibles parmi des distracteurs, meilleure mémoire visuelle des cibles que des distracteurs, même quand les cibles ont été vues moins longtemps que les distracteurs ou quand le temps de fixation visuelle des cibles et des distracteurs est identique.
effet de la cible
target effect

Jersakova, Radka; O'Connor, Akira (2016): Data file for "Investigating the role of assessment method on reports of déjà vu and tip-of-the-tongue states during standard recognition tests". figshare. Dataset. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.3144838.v1
Frank Arnould
Brown, A. S. (2012). The tip of the tongue state. Psychology Press.
Brown, R., & McNeill, D. (1966). The “tip of the tongue” phenomenon. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5(4), 325–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80040-3
Schwartz, B. L., & Pournaghdali, A. (2020). Tip-of-the-tongue states : Past and future. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory quirks : The study of odd phenomena in memory (p. 207‑223). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-16
2018-11-05
2022-04-05
TOT
Difficulty in finding a word accompanied by the feeling that it is known and about to be retrieved.
Difficulté à retrouver un mot accompagné du sentiment que celui-ci est connu et sur le point d'être récupéré.

TOTs
mot sur le bout de la langue
tip-of-the-tongue

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Improved memory performance when the cognitive context (thoughts, language, etc.) during encoding of items is the same as at the time of retrieval.
Meilleure performance de la mémoire quand le contexte cognitif (pensées, langage...) au moment de l'encodage des items est le même que celui présent au moment de la récupération.
cognitive-context dependent memory
mémoire dépendante du contexte cognitif

Frank Arnould
Hitch, G. J. (1975). The role of attention in visual and auditory suffix effects. Memory & Cognition, 3(5), 501–505. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197521
2017-12-04
2021-07-05
Effet montrant que le rappel sériel immédiat est perturbé si des éléments auditifs non pertinents sont intercalés entre les éléments à récupérer.
Serial recall is disrupted if irrelevant auditory elements are inserted between the elements to be retrieved.
effet sandwich
sandwich effect

Frank Arnould
Friedmann, W.J. (1993). Memory for the time of past events. Psychological Bulletin, 113(1), 44-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.113.1.44
Janssen, S. M. J., Chessa, A. G., & Murre, J. M. J. (2006). Memory for time: How people date events. Memory & Cognition, 34(1), 138–147. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193393
Rubin, D. C., & Baddeley, A. D. (1989). Telescoping is not time compression: A model. Memory & Cognition, 17(6), 653–661. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202626
2017-12-04
2023-08-10
biais télescopique
telescoping bias
Erreur consistant à postdater des souvenirs (effet télescopique) ou à les prédater (effet télescopique inverse).
Error by postdating (telescoping effect) or predating (inversed telecosping effect) a memory.

effet télescopique
telescoping effect

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A. D. (1966). Short-term memory for word sequences as a function of acoustic, semantic and formal similarity. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18(4), 362-365. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640746608400055
Conrad, R. (1964). Acoustic confusions in immediate memory. British Journal of Psychology, 55(1), 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1964.tb00899.x
Conrad, R., & Hull, A. J. (1964). Information, acoustic confusion and memory span. British Journal of Psychology, 55(4), 429-432. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1964.tb00928.x
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
acoustic confusion effect
effet de confusion acoustique
effet de similarité phonémique
phonemic similarity effect
Effect showing that immediate serial recall of a list of items (e.g., words or letters) is reduced when these items are phonologically similar.
Effet montrant que le rappel sériel immédiat d’une liste d’items (par exemple, des mots ou des lettres) est réduit si ces items sont phonologiquement similaires.
effet de similarité phonologique
phonological similarity effect

Frank Arnould
MacLeod, C. M. (2020). Zeigarnik and von Restorff: The memory effects and the stories behind them. Memory & Cognition, 48(6), 1073–1088. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01033-5
Zeigarnik, B. (1927). Das Behalten erledigter und unerledigter Handlungen. Psychologische Forschung, 9, 1–85.
2017-12-04
2023-03-18
Tendance selon laquelle on se souvient mieux des tâches interrompues que des tâches accomplies (Zeigarnik, 1927).
The tendency to remember discontinued tasks better than completed tasks.

Zeigarnik effect
effet Zeigarnik

Maraver, M. J., Lapa, A., Garcia-Marques, L., Carneiro, P., & Raposo, A. (2021, August 8). Imagination Reduces False Memories for Everyday Action Sentences: Evidence from Pragmatic Inferences. https://osf.io/v8apj/
Maraver, M. J., Lapa, A., Garcia-Marques, L., Carneiro, P., & Raposo, A. (2021). Imagination reduces false memories for everyday action sentences : Evidence from pragmatic inferences. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 3551. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.668899
Oliver, M. C., Bays, R. B., & Zabrucky, K. M. (2016). False memories and the DRM paradigm : Effects of imagery, list, and test type. The Journal of General Psychology, 143(1), 33‑48. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2015.1110558
2021-09-16
2023-09-04
Dans certaines circonstances, imaginer les éléments à mémoriser réduit la création de faux souvenirs.
In some circumstances, imagining the items to be remembered reduces the formation of false memories.
effet facilitateur de l'imagination
imagination facilitation effect

Calado, B., Otgaar, H., & Muris, P. (2018, September 27). Are Children Better Witnesses than Adolescents? Developmental Trends in Different False Memory Paradigms. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6EMH2
Otgaar, H. (2016). The production of spontaneous false memories across childhood [Data set]. DataverseNL. doi:10.34894/XJVTDE
Otgaar, H. (2016). When young children are better eyewitnesses than older children and adults: Developmental reversals in susceptibility to misinformation [Data set]. DataverseNL. doi:10.34894/CTDUVD
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2012). Reliability of children’s testimony in the era of developmental reversals. Developmental Review, 32(3), 224–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2012.06.008 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Brainerd, C. J. (2013). Developmental reversals in false memory: A new look at the reliability of children’s evidence. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(5), 335–341. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721413484468 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., & Holliday, R. E. (2018). Developmental reversals in false memory: Development is complementary, not compensatory. Developmental Psychology, 54(9), 1773–1784. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000554 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2023). Theoretical explanations of developmental reversals in memory and reasoning. Developmental Review, 69, 101087. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2023.101087 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Calado, B., Otgaar, H., & Muris, P. (2018). Are children better witnesses than adolescents? Developmental trends in different false memory paradigms. Journal of Child Custody, 15(4), 330–348. https://doi.org/10.1080/15379418.2019.1568948 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Peters, M., Smeets, T., & Moritz, S. (2014). The production of spontaneous false memories across childhood. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 121, 28–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2013.11.019 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Merckelbach, H., & Muris, P. (2018). Who is the better eyewitness? Sometimes adults but at other times children. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(5), 378–385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721418770998 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Muris, P., & Merckelbach, H. (2019). Dealing with false memories in children and adults: Recommendations for the legal arena. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 6(1), 87–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732218818584 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
Schopen, K., Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., & Muris, P. (2022). Effects of forewarnings on children’s and adults’ spontaneous false memories. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 19(2), 177–197. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2021.1904877 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-07-28
Stimulus type: The effect is eliminated when stimuli contains obvious themes (more false memories in children than in adults; Otgaar et al., 2014).
Type de stimuli : l’effet est éliminé quand les stimuli contiennent des thèmes évidents (plus de faux souvenirs chez les enfants que chez les adultes ; Otgaar et al., 2014).
Terme utilisé pour désigner le fait que, dans certaines tâches de mémoire, les jeunes enfants produisent un moins grand nombre de faux souvenirs que les enfants plus âgés et les adultes. Les tâches en cause permettent la mise en relation sémantique des stimuli qui devient plus efficiente à mesure que les enfants grandissent. C'est le cas du paradigme DRM.
The term used for the fact that in some memory tasks, young children produce fewer false memories than older children and adults. These tasks (e.g. the DRM task) involve the ability to relate items associatively or semantically, an ability that becomes more efficient as children get older.
developmental reversal
inversion développementale

Frank Arnould
Smith, R. E., & Hunt, R. R. (1998). Presentation modality affects false memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 5(4), 710–715. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03208850
2017-12-04
2021-07-05
Dans le paradigme DRM, la production de faux souvenirs est réduite quand les stimuli sont présentés visuellement plutôt qu'auditivement.
In the DRM paradigm, the production of false memories is reduced when stimuli are presented visually rather than aurally.
effet de modalité (faux souvenirs)
modality effect in false memories

Díez, E., Fernandez, A., & Alonso, M. A. (2020, October 7). Absence of post-learning motor activity effects on memory for motor related words. https://osf.io/bx945/
Frank Arnould
Dam, W. O. van, Rueschemeyer, S.-A., Bekkering, H., & Lindemann, O. (2013). Embodied grounding of memory : Toward the effects of motor execution on memory consolidation: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1080/17470218.2013.777084
Romero, T., Vargas, C. A., Alonso, M. Á., Díez, E., & Fernandez, A. (2020). Absence of post-learning motor activity effects on memory for motor-related words. Memory, 0(0), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1826527
2020-10-08
2023-09-04
Romero, T., Vargas, C. A., Alonso, M. Á., Díez, E., & Fernandez, A. (2020). Absence of post-learning motor activity effects on memory for motor-related words. Memory, 0(0), 1‑12. doi:10.1080/09658211.2020.1826527
Better memory for action words if their memorization was followed by motor execution.
Meilleure mémoire de mots d'action quand leur mémorisation a été suivie de leur exécution motrice.
effet de consolidation motrice
motor consolidation effect

Pfister, R., Schwarz, K. A., Wirth, R., & Lindner, I. (2017, April 26). My command, my act: Observation inflation in face-to-face interactions. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/RDFS6
Frank Arnould
2021-11-30
Kashihara, S., Kanayama, N., Miyatani, M., & Nakao, T. (2017). Attentive observation is essential for the misattribution of agency to self-performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 890. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00890 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Kersten, A. W., Earles, J. L., & Brymer, J. W. (2022). Effects of age and self-performance on memory for who did what. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 77(3), 472–481. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab118 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Kękuś, M., Dziubańska, R., Komęza, I., Dudek, I., Chylińska, K., Szpitalak, M., & Polczyk, R. (2020). Observation inflation and interrogative suggestibility : Different but related memory errors. Polish Psychological Bulletin 51(3):219-225. https://doi.org/10.24425/ppb.2020.134728 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Lange, N., Hollins, T. J., & Bach, P. (2017). Testing the motor simulation account of source errors for actions in recall. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1686. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01686 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Lindner, I., Echterhoff, G., Davidson, P., & Brand, M. (2010). Observation inflation : Your actions become mine. Psychological science, 21, 1291‑1299. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610379860 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Lindner, I., Schain, C., Kopietz, R., & Echterhoff, G. (2012). When do we confuse self and other in action memory? Reduced false memories of self-performance after observing actions by an out-group vs. in-group actor. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, 467. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00467 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Pfister, R., Schwarz, K. A., Wirth, R., & Lindner, I. (2017). My command, my act : Observation inflation in face-to-face interactions. Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 13(2), 177‑187. https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0217-7 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Schain, C., Lindner, I., Beck, F., & Echterhoff, G. (2012). Looking at the actor’s face : Identity cues and attentional focus in false memories of action performance from observation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48(5), 1201‑1204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2012.04.003 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Wang, L., Chen, Y., & Yue, Y. (2022). Is motor activity the key to the observation-inflation effect? The role of action simulation. Memory & Cognition, 50(5), 1048‑1060. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01259-x [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-04
L'observation d'une autre personne en train d'effectuer une action peut conduire des personnes à se souvenir faussement qu'elles ont exécuté elles-mêmes l'action en question (Lindner et al., 2010).
Observing another person perform an action can lead people to falsely remember that they performed that action (Lindner et al., 2010).
effet d’inflation par observation
observation inflation effect

Ensor, T. (2018, September 29). Listening to the Picture-Superiority Effect: Evidence for the Conceptual-Distinctiveness Account of Picture Superiority in Recognition. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/YKG8S
Neath, I. (2021). Picture Superiority [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/HTM7E
Van der Cruyssen, I., Regnath, F., Ben-Shakhar, G., Pertzov, Y., & Verschuere, B. (2021, January 26). Is a picture worth a thousand words? Congruency between encoding and testing improves detection of concealed memories. OSF. https://osf.io/84eas/
Frank Arnould
Madigan, S. (2013). Representational storage in picture memory. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 4(6), 567-568. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03334293
Paivio, A., & Csapo, K. (1973). Picture superiority in free recall: Imagery or dual coding? Cognitive Psychology, 5(2), 176-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(73)90032-7
Shepard, R. N. (1967). Recognition memory for words, sentences, and pictures. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 6(1), 156-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(67)80067-7
2017-12-04
2022-04-25
Better memory for pictures than for words.
Meilleure mémoire des images que des mots.

effet de supériorité des images
picture superiority effect

Holdstock, J., Dalton, P., May, K., Boogert, S., & Mickes, L. (2022, May 10). Lineup identification in young and older witnesses: Does describing the criminal help or hinder?. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7EA23
Protzko, J., & Lundmark, S. (2022, November 12). Verbal Overshadowing 5-10-15-20 with E/C timing manipulation and sham. https://osf.io/4v9jq
Protzko, J., Schooler, J., & Lundmark, S. (2022, March 10). Verbal Overshadowing 20 min with new distractor tasks. https://osf.io/892st/
Protzko, J., Schooler, J., & Lundmark, S. (2022, September 28). Verbal Overshadowing 11-12.5-14 timing manipulation. https://osf.io/v3ugq
Simons, D. J., Holcombe, A. O., Schooler, J., Drew, A., Spellman, B., & Ballard-Wood, A. (2014, August 7). RRR—Schooler & Engstler-Schooler (1990). https://osf.io/ybeur/
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Alogna, V. K., Attaya, M. K., Aucoin, P., Bahník, Š., Birch, S., Birt, A. R., Bornstein, B. H., Bouwmeester, S., Brandimonte, M. A., Brown, C., Buswell, K., Carlson, C., Carlson, M., Chu, S., Cislak, A., Colarusso, M., Colloff, M. F., Dellapaolera, K. S., Delvenne, J.-F., … Zwaan, R. A. (2014). Registered Replication Report : Schooler and Engstler-Schooler (1990). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 9(5), 556–578. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691614545653 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
Baker, M., & Reysen, M. (2020). The influence of recall instruction type and length on the verbal overshadowing effect. The American Journal of Forensic Psychology, 38, 3–29. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Baker, M. A., & Reysen, M. B. (2021). Using intentional and incidental encoding instructions to test the transfer inappropriate processing shift account of verbal overshadowing. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 0(0), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2021.1946545 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Hatano, A., Ueno, T., Kitagami, S., & Kawaguchi, J. (2015). Why verbalization of non-verbal memory reduces recognition accuracy: A computational approach to verbal overshadowing. PLoS ONE, 10(6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127618 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Holdstock, J. S., Dalton, P., May, K. A., Boogert, S., & Mickes, L. (2022). Lineup identification in young and older witnesses: Does describing the criminal help or hinder? Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 7(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-022-00399-1 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Marmurek, H. H. C., Rusyn, R., Zgardau, A., & Zgardau, A.-M. (2022). Verbal overshadowing at an immediate task-test delay is independent of video-task delay. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 34(2), 243–248. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2021.1981916 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed]
Meissner, C. A., & Brigham, J. C. (2001). A meta-analysis of the verbal overshadowing effect in face identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 15(6), 603‑616. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.728 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Meissner, C. A., Sporer, S. L., & Susa, K. J. (2008). A theoretical review and meta-analysis of the description-identification relationship in memory for faces. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 20(3), 414–455. https://doi.org/10.1080/09541440701728581 [Document type: literature review, meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Mickes, L., & Wixted, J. T. (2015). On the applied implications of the “verbal overshadowing effect.” Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(3), 400–403. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691615576762 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Pohl, R. F. (2022). Labeling and overshadowing effects. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions: Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (3rd ed.). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Schooler, J. W., & Engstler-Schooler, T. Y. (1990). Verbal overshadowing of visual memories: Some things are better left unsaid. Cognitive Psychology, 22(1), 36-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(90)90003-M [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Wilson, B. M., Seale-Carlisle, T. M., & Mickes, L. (2018). The effects of verbal descriptions on performance in lineups and showups. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 147(1), 113–124. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000354 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
VOE
Détérioration de la mémoire d'une information non verbale (par exemple, un visage) qui a été décrite verbalement.
Reduction in memory performance for non-verbal information (e.g. a face) that has been described verbally.

ombrage verbal
verbal overshadowing
effet d'ombrage verbal
verbal overshadowing effect

Anes, M. D. (2020, April 13). Illusory Truth in Minimal Groups. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/KHYGJ
Brashier, N. M., & Eliseev, E. D. (2019, August 15). An Initial Accuracy Focus Prevents Illusory Truth. https://osf.io/b4szp/
De keersmaecker Jonas. (2019, April 3). Investigating the robustness of the illusory truth effect across individual differences in cognitive ability, need for cognitive closure, and cognitive style. https://osf.io/xbwmh/
Henderson, E. L., Vallée-Tourangeau, F., Westwood, S. J., & Simons, D. J. (2021, June 28). A Reproducible Systematic Map of the Illusory Truth Effect. https://osf.io/dm9yx/
Frank Arnould
Bacon, F. T. (1979). Credibility of repeated statements: Memory for trivia. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning & Memory, 5(3), 241–252. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.5.3.241
Béna, J., Carreras, O., & Terrier, P. (2019). L’effet de vérité induit par la répétition : Revue critique de l’hypothèse de familiarité. L'Année Psychologique, 119(3), 397‑425. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy1.193.0397
Dechêne, A., Stahl, C., Hansen, J., & Wänke, M. (2010). The truth about the truth: A meta-analytic review of the truth effect. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14(2), 238–257. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868309352251
Fazio, L. K., Brashier, N. M., Payne, B. K., & Marsh, E. J. (2015). Knowledge does not protect against illusory truth. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 144(5), 993–1002. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000098
Fazio, L., Rand, D. G., & Pennycook, G. (2019). Repetition increases perceived truth equally for plausible and implausible statements. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01651-4
Hasher, L., Goldstein, D., & Toppino, T. (1977). Frequency and the conference of referential validity. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 16(1), 107-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(77)80012-1
Hassan, A., & Barber, S. J. (2021). The effects of repetition frequency on the illusory truth effect. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 6(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-021-00301-5
Henderson, E. L., Westwood, S. J., & Simons, D. J. (2022). A reproducible systematic map of research on the illusory truth effect. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 29(3), 1065‑1088. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01995-w
Henderson, E. L., Westwood, S. J., & Simons, D. J. (2022). A reproducible systematic map of research on the illusory truth effect. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 29(3), 1065‑1088. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01995-w
Nadarevic, L. (2022). Illusory truth effect. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions: Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (3rd ed., pp. 225–240). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003154730-17
Pennycook, G., Cannon, T. D., & Rand, D. G. (2018). Prior exposure increases perceived accuracy of fake news. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 147(12), 1865–1880. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000465
Unkelbach, C. (2007). Reversing the truth effect: Learning the interpretation of processing fluency in judgments of truth. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33(1), 219–230. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.1.219
Unkelbach, C., & Rom, S. C. (2017). A referential theory of the repetition-induced truth effect. Cognition, 160, 110–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2016.12.016
Unkelbach, C., Koch, A., Silva, R. R., & Garcia-Marques, T. (2019). Truth by repetition: Explanations and implications. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 28(3), 247–253. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721419827854
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Patrice Terrier
effet de réitération
effet de validité
effet de vérité
illusory truth
reiteration effect
repetition truth effect
truth effect
truth-by-repetition-effect
validity effect
vérité illusoire
La présentation répétée d’un énoncé augmente la probabilité qu’il soit ensuite perçu comme vrai.
Repeated presentation of a statement increases the likelihood that it will subsequently be perceived as true.

effet de vérité illusoire
illusory truth effect

Frank Arnould
Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : An update. Memory, 1‑6. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1873391
2017-12-04
Schacter, D. L. (2003). Science de la mémoire. Oublier et se souvenir. Odile Jacob. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2022-01-11
biais de mémoire
Preference for a processing type of information or for particular memories.
Préférence pour un type de traitement des informations ou des types de souvenirs particuliers.
biais mnésiques
memory biases
biais mnésique
memory bias

Frank Arnould
Kahana, M. J. (1996). Associative retrieval processes in free recall. Memory & Cognition, 24(1), 103–109. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197276
2017-12-04
2022-04-07
Quand les sujets rappellent un item, tendance à rappeler ensuite l'item qui le suivait dans la liste d'étude (forward direction) plutôt que celui qui le précédait (backward direction).
When subjects recall an item, they tend to recall the item that followed it in the study list (forward direction) rather than the one before it (backward direction).
asymmetry effect
effet d'asymétrie

Frank Arnould
Brown, N., Schweickart, O., & Svob, C. (2016). The effect of collective transitions on the organization and contents of autobiographical memory : A transition-theory perspective. The American Journal of Psychology, 129. https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.129.3.0259
Zebian, S., & Brown, N. R. (2014). Living in History in Lebanon : The influence of chronic social upheaval on the organisation of autobiographical memories. Memory, 22(3), 194–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2013.775310
2020-06-29
2023-03-27
Augmentation du nombre de souvenirs pour des évènements ayant eu lieu pendant des périodes de transition historique ou sociale (par exemple, une guerre).
Increase in the number of autobiographical memories of events that took place during periods of historical or social transitions (e.g. a war).
pic du bouleversement
upheaval bump

Frank Arnould
Takahashi, M. (1991). The role of choice in memory as a function of age: Support for a metamemory interpretation of the self-choice effect. Psychologia: An International Journal of Psychology in the Orient, 34, 254–258.
Watanabe, T., & Soraci, S. A. (2004). The self-choice effect from a multiple-cue perspective. Psychonomic bulletin & review, 11(1), 168–172. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03206478
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
"The self-choice effect refers to the phenomenon that self-chosen items are remembered better than experimenter assigned items" (Watanabe et Soraci, 2004, p. 168).
Effet selon lequel la mémoire est meilleure pour des items choisis par le sujet que pour des items proposés par l'expérimentateur (Takahashi, 1991).
effet du choix personnel
self-choice effect

Frank Arnould
Hartley, J. (1973). The effect of pre-testing on post-test performance. Instructional Science, 2(2), 193–214. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00139871
2019-06-07
2023-03-22
An effect showing that long-term retention of information is improved when memory for that information is tested prior to learning.
Effet montrant que le fait de tester les connaissances des sujets avant leur apprentissage améliore ensuite leur rétention à long terme.
effet du prétesting
pretesting effect

Frank Arnould
Tulving, E., & Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80(5), 352–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0020071 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2022-07-27
On parle d'échec de la reconnaissance lorsqu'un sujet est capable de rappeler des éléments qu'il est incapable de reconnaître par ailleurs. Ce phénomène a été décrit expérimentalement par Tulving et Thompson en 1973.
Recognition failure occurs when a subject is able to recall items that he/she is unable to recognize elsewhere. This phenomenon was described experimentally by Tulving and Thompson in 1973.

recognition failures
recognition failure
échec de la reconnaissance

Frank Arnould
Kliegl, O., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2021). Buildup and release from proactive interference – Cognitive and neural mechanisms. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 120, 264–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.028
Wickens, D. D., Born, D. G., & Allen, C. K. (1963). Proactive inhibition and item similarity in short-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 2(5–6), 440–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(63)80045-6
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
levée de l'inhibition proactive
release from PI
release from proactive inhibition
suppression de l'interférence proactive
Dans certaines conditions expérimentales, dissipation de l’effet d’interférence proactive, par exemple, après introduction d’une liste d’items dissimilaires.
Disappearance of the proactive interference effect under certain experimental conditions, e.g., after the introduction of a list of dissimilar items.
levée de l'interférence proactive
release from proactive interference

Frank Arnould
Charles, S. T., Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2003). Aging and emotional memory : The forgettable nature of negative images for older adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 132(2), 310‑324. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.132.2.310
Guillaume, C., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2009). L’effet de positivité : un aspect intriguant du vieillissement. Revue de neuropsychologie, 1(3), 247–253. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.013.0247
Hamilton, L. J., & Allard, E. S. (2020). Words matter : Age-related positivity in episodic memory for abstract but not concrete words. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 27(4), 595‑616. https://doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2019.1657556
Joubert, C., Davidson, P. S. R., & Chainay, H. (2018). When do older adults show a positivity effect in emotional memory? Experimental Aging Research, 44(5), 455‑468. https://doi.org/10.1080/0361073X.2018.1521498
Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2005). Aging and motivated cognition : The positivity effect in attention and memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9(10), 496‑502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2005.08.005
Mather, M., & Knight, M. (2005). Goal-directed memory : The role of cognitive control in older adults’ emotional memory. Psychology and Aging, 20(4), 554‑570. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.20.4.554
Reed, A. E., Chan, L., & Mikels, J. A. (2014). Meta-analysis of the age-related positivity effect: Age differences in preferences for positive over negative information. Psychology and Aging, 29(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035194
2017-12-04
2023-03-20
Attention : effet observé quand les stimuli sont encodés en condition de pleine attention et non en condition d’attention divisée (Joubert et al., 2018 ; Mather & Knight, 2005).
Attention: effect observed when stimuli are encoded in a full attention condition and not in a divided attention condition (Joubert et al., 2018 ; Mather & Knight, 2005).
Concrétude des mots : absence d’effet de positivité pour des mots concrets mais présence pour des mots abstraits, surtout chez les personnes âgées (Hamilton & Allard, 2020).
Word concreteness : absence of positivity effect for concrete words but presence for abstract words, especially among older people (Hamilton & Allard, 2020).
Joubert, C., Davidson, P. S. R., & Chainay, H. (2018). When do older adults show a positivity effect in emotional memory? Experimental Aging Research, 44(5), 455‑468. doi:10.1080/0361073X.2018.1521498
effet de positivité
positivity effect
positivity memory bias
Biais de mémoire conduisant les personnes âgées à se souvenir préférentiellement d’événements positifs plutôt que d’événements négatifs ou émotionnellement neutres.
Memory bias leading older people to preferentially remember positive events rather than negative or emotionally neutral events.
biais de positivité
positivity bias

Frank Arnould
Greene, R. L. (2004). Recognition memory for pseudowords. Journal of Memory and Language, 50(3), 259-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2003.12.001036.
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Dans une tâche de reconnaissance, plus grand nombre de reconnaissances correctes et de fausses reconnaissances de pseudomots (mots inexistants dans une langue, mais prononçables) par rapport aux mots.
In a recognition task, more correct and false recognition of pseudowords (nonexistent but pronounceable words) than words.
effet des pseudomots
pseudoword effect

Mieth, L., Bell, R., & Buchner, A. (2019, October 31). The “mnemonic time-travel effect”: A preregistered failure to replicate. https://osf.io/rf47v/
Frank Arnould
Aksentijevic, A., Brandt, K. R., Tsakanikos, E., & Thorpe, M. J. A. (2019). It takes me back: The mnemonic time-travel effect. Cognition, 182, 242–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2018.10.007
Mieth, L., Bell, R., & Buchner, A. (2019). The “mnemonic time-travel effect” : A preregistered failure to replicate. Experimental Psychology, 1‑6. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000461
2019-04-25
2023-03-15
Mieth, L., Bell, R., & Buchner, A. (2019). The “mnemonic time-travel effect” : A preregistered failure to replicate. Experimental Psychology, 1‑6. doi:10.1027/1618-3169/a000461
Inducing a mental time travel by a backward motion (real motion of the subject, optical flow or by imagination) improves episodic memory for different kinds of information, compared to a forward movement or no movement.
Le fait d'induire un voyage mental dans le temps par un mouvement vers l'arrière (à l'aide d'un déplacement réel du sujet, d'un flux optique ou par imagination) améliore la performance de la mémoire épisodique pour différentes informations, comparativement à un mouvement vers l'avant ou à l'absence de mouvement.
effet du voyage mnésique dans le temps
mnemonic time-travel effect

Frank Arnould
Cepeda, N. J., Pashler, H., Vul, E., Wixted, J. T., & Rohrer, D. (2006). Distributed practice in verbal recall tasks : A review and quantitative synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 354‑380. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.354
Gerbier, É., & Koenig, O. (2015). Comment les intervalles temporels entre les répétitions d’une information en influencent-ils la mémorisation ? Revue théorique des effets de pratique distribuée. L’Année Psychologique, 115(3), 435–462. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503315000159
2018-03-20
2023-03-22
Better memory for items learned with distributed practice than with massed practice. In other words, learning material over several short sessions is more effective than in a single long session.
​Meilleure mémoire des items appris de manière distribuée que de manière massée. En d'autres mots, apprendre un matériel sur plusieurs courtes sessions est plus efficace que sur une seule longue session.
distributed practice effect
effet de pratique distribuée

Frank Arnould
Scoboria, A., Nespoli, K., & Boucher, C. (2019). An anti-reminiscence bump for childhood memory: Revisiting the dating of nonbelieved memories. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 6(2), 123–137. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000179
2019-03-19
2023-03-18
Les souvenirs vivaces dont on finit par ne plus y croire en leur réalité sont surtout des souvenirs de la petite et moyenne enfance.
The vivid memories that we finally no longer believe in are mostly early and middle childhood memories.
anti-reminiscence bump ​
pic d'antiréminiscence

Frank Arnould
Kensinger, E. A., Garoff-Eaton, R. J., & Schacter, D. L. (2006). Memory for specific visual details can be enhanced by negative arousing content. Journal of Memory and Language, 54(1), 99–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.05.005
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
effet de négativité
negative memory bias
negativity effect
A tendency to pay more attention to negative events and to remember them more preferentially, especially among young adults.
Tendance, observée surtout chez les jeunes adultes, à porter plus d'attention aux évènements négatifs et à s'en souvenir préférentiellement.

biais de négativité
negativity bias

Frank Arnould
Howard, M. W., & Kahana, M. J. (1999). Contextual variability and serial position effects in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25(4), 923–941. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.25.4.923
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Quand un item a été rappelé, les items proches de sa position sérielle dans la liste ont plus de chance d'être rappelés que les items distants.
When an item is recalled, items that are close to its serial position are more likely to be recalled than remote items.
effet de récence d'intervalle
lag-recency effect

Frank Arnould
Daselaar, S. M., Prince, S. E., Dennis, N. A., Hayes, S. M., Kim, H., & Cabeza, R. (2009). Posterior midline and ventral parietal activity is associated with retrieval success and encoding failure. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.09.013.2009
2020-05-28
2021-07-05
En mémoire épisodique, désactivation de régions cérébrales spécifiques (région médiane postérieure, cortex pariétal ventral) pendant l’encodage réussi d’items, et activation de ces régions pendant la récupération réussie d’items.
In episodic memory, deactivation of brain regions (posterior midline region, ventral parietal cortex) during successful encoding, and activation of these regions during successful retrieval.
encoding/retrieval flip
retournement encodage/récupération

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Abel, M., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2020). Social interactions can simultaneously enhance and distort memories: Evidence from a collaborative recognition task. Cognition, 200, 104254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104254 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Ekeocha, J. O. (2021). Is exposure to the memories of others a necessary precondition for collaborative inhibition? Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 17(3), 221–229. https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0331-z [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Hood, A. V. B., Whillock, S. R., Meade, M. L., & Hutchison, K. A. (2023). Does collaboration help or hurt recall? The answer depends on working memory capacity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 49(3), 350–370. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001155 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Marion, S. B., & Thorley, C. (2016). A meta-analytic review of collaborative inhibition and postcollaborative memory: Testing the predictions of the retrieval strategy disruption hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 142(11), 1141–1164. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000071 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Rajaram, S., & Pereira-Pasarin, L. P. (2010). Collaborative memory: Cognitive research and theory. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(6), 649–663. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691610388763 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Rajaram, S. (2011). Collaboration both hurts and helps memory: A cognitive perspective. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(2), 76–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411403251 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Rajaram, S., & Maswood, R. (2017). Collaborative memory: A selective review of data and theory. In J. H. Byrne (Ed.), Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference (pp. 53–70). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21050-X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Weldon, M. S., & Bellinger, K. D. (1997). Collective memory: Collaborative and individual processes in remembering. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23(5), 1160–1175. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.23.5.1160 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Wright, D. B., & Klumpp, A. (2004). Collaborative inhibition is due to the product, not the process, of recalling in groups. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11(6), 1080–1083. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196740 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-06-29
L'inhibition collaborative fait référence au phénomène selon lequel le rappel collaboratif de personnes se souvenant ensemble contient généralement moins d'éléments que le rappel combiné (et non redondant) de personnes se souvenant séparément (rappel nominal).
« Collaborative inhibition refers to the phenomenon that when several people work together to produce a single memory report, they typically produce fewer items than when the unique items in the individual reports of the same number of participants are combined (i.e., nominal recall). » (Wessel et al., 2015, p. 437).
inhibitions collaboratives
collaborative inhibition
inhibition collaborative

Frank Arnould
Osth, A. F., Fox, J., McKague, M., Heathcote, A., & Dennis, S. (2018). The list strength effect in source memory: Data and a global matching model. Journal of Memory and Language, 103, 91–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2018.08.002
Ratcliff, R., Clark, S. E., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1990). List-strength effect: I. Data and discussion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(2), 163–178. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.16.2.163
Shiffrin, R. M., Ratcliff, R., & Clark, S. E. (1990). List-strength effect: II. Theoretical mechanisms. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(2), 179–195. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.16.2.179
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
"Le renforcement de certains items (mais pas de tous), soit en les étudiant plus longtemps, soit en les répétant, réduit la mémoire pour les autres items d'une liste". (Ratcliff et al., 1990, p. 163).
"strengthening certain items (but not all), either by studying them longer or repeating them, reduces memory for the remaining items on a list." (Ratcliff et al., 1990, p. 163).
effet de la force intra-liste
list-strength effect

Islam, Md. (2020): Valence and the reminiscence bump for private and public memories_dataset. Monash University. Dataset. doi:10.26180/13095281.v3
Jakubowski, K. et al. (2020). A cross-sectional study of reminiscence bumps for music-related memories in adulthood [Data set]. SAGE Journals. doi:10.25384/SAGE.13139106
Liao, H.-W. (2020, June 8). Reminiscence bump predicts life satisfaction. https://osf.io/69kzn/
Frank Arnould
Janssen, S. M. J. (2019). Introduction to the cognitive abilities account for the reminiscence bump in the temporal distribution of autobiographical memory. Psychological Reports, 003329411984322. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294119843221
Koppel, J., & Berntsen, D. (2015). The peaks of life: The differential temporal locations of the reminiscence bump across disparate cueing methods. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4(1), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2014.11.004
Koppel, J., & Rubin, D. C. (2016). Recent advances in understanding the reminiscence bump: The importance of cues in guiding recall from autobiographical memory. Current directions in psychological science, 25(2), 135–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721416631955
Munawar, K., Kuhn, S. K., & Haque, S. (2018). Understanding the reminiscence bump: A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 13(12), e0208595. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208595
Rubin, D. C., Wetzler, S. E., & Nebes, R. D. (1986). Autobiographical memory across the adult lifespan. In D. C. Rubin (Ed.), Autobiographical memory (pp. 202-221). Cambridge University Press.
Wolf, T., & Zimprich, D. (2020). What characterizes the reminiscence bump in autobiographical memory? New answers to an old question. Memory & Cognition, 48(4), 607–622. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00994-6
2017-12-04
2023-07-26
autobiographical memory bump
bosse de réminiscence
effet du pic de réminiscence
pic de la mémoire autobiographique
reminiscence bump effect
Augmentation du nombre de souvenirs autobiographiques pour les évènements vécus entre l'âge de 10 et 30 ans, observée généralement chez les personnes âgées de plus de 40 ans.
Increased number of autobiographical memories of events experienced between the ages of 10 and 30 years, usually observed in people over the age of 40.
Le pic de réminiscence a été observé pour d’autres types de souvenirs que les souvenirs autobiographiques, par exemple, dans la mémoire d’évènements publics, de films, de livres ou de musique.
The reminiscence bump has also been observed when remembering public events, films, books and music.

pic de réminiscence
reminiscence bump

Frank Arnould
Mukudi, P. B. L., & Hills, P. J. (2019). The combined influence of the own-age, -gender, and -ethnicity biases on face recognition. Acta Psychologica, 194, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2019.01.009 ​
2019-05-10
2023-03-21
Face recognition is better when people belong to the same group (ethnicity, gender, age, species).
La reconnaissance de visages est meilleure quand ceux-ci appartiennent au même groupe que ceux des sujets (ethnicité, sexe, âge, espèce).
biais lié au groupe d'appartenance
own-group bias

McNeely-White, K., & Cleary, A. (2019). Music recognition without identification and its relation to déjà entendu : A study using “Piano Puzzlers” [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/4x9bd/
McNeely-White, K. L., & Cleary, A. M. (2019). Music recognition without identification and its relation to déjà entendu : A study using “Piano Puzzlers”. New Ideas in Psychology, 55, 50‑57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2019.04.002
2021-09-16
2023-09-04
déjà entendu experience
déjà entendu sensation
expérience de déjà entendu
sensation de déjà entendu
A phenomenon that occurs when a person has the impression that a new and unfamiliar sound (such as a piece of music) is familiar and has been heard before.
Phénomène apparaissant quand une personne a l'impression qu'un nouveau son (par exemple, un morceau de musique) est familier.
déjà entendu experiences
déjà entendu sensations
expériences de déjà entendu
sensations de déjà entendu
déjà entendu
déjà entendu

Frank Arnould
Bonin, P., Thiebaut, G., Prokop, P., & Méot, A. (2019). “In your head, zombie” : Zombies, predation and memory. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 31(7), 635–650. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2019.1664557
Soderstrom, N. C., & McCabe, D. P. (2011). Are survival processing memory advantages based on ancestral priorities? Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 18(3), 564–569. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-011-0060-6
2019-11-28
2023-03-23
Better memory for words when they are processed in a fictional context where zombies are a threat to survival.
Meilleure mémoire des mots lorsqu'ils sont traités en relation avec un contexte fictif où des zombies représentent une menace pour la survie.
effet zombie
zombie effect

Favre-Félix, A., & Moulin, C. (2020, April 8). Relationship between the “jamais vu” sensation and semantic satiation. https://osf.io/5mpf4/
Frank Arnould
Balota, D. A., & Black, S. (1997). Semantic satiation in healthy young and older adults. Memory & Cognition, 25(2), 190–202. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03201112
Esposito, N. J., & Pelton, L. H. (1971). Review of the measurement of semantic satiation. Psychological Bulletin, 75(5), 330–346. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031001
Jakobovits, L. A., & Lambert, W. E. (1962). Mediated satiation in verbal transfer. Journal of experimental psychology, 64(4), 346. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0044630
Lewis, M. B., & Ellis, H. D. (2000). Satiation in name and face recognition. Memory & Cognition, 28(5), 783–788. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198413
Moulin, C. J. A., Bell, N., Turunen, M., Baharin, A., & O’Connor, A. R. (2021). The the the the induction of jamais vu in the laboratory: Word alienation and semantic satiation. Memory, 29(7), 933-942. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1727519
Severance, E., & Washburn, M. F. (1907). The loss of associative power in words after long fixation. The American Journal of Psychology, 18(2), 182–186.
Smith, L. C. (1984). Semantic satiation affects category membership decision time but not lexical priming. Memory & Cognition, 12(5), 483–488. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198310
2017-12-06
2023-03-15
Chris Moulin
satiation sémantique
satiation verbale
saturation sémantique
Feeling of losing the meaning of a stimulus (e.g. a word or a face) when it is repeated quickly and many times or after a long period of visual fixation.
Sensation de perdre la signification d'un stimulus (par exemple, un mot ou un visage) quand celui-ci est répété rapidement et à plusieurs reprises ou après une longue période de fixation visuelle.

satiété sémantique
semantic satiation

Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Zeelenberg, R., Dijkstra, K., & Paolacci, G. (2017, July 26). Does Repeated Participation Affect Effect Size? An Analysis of 9 Cognitive Psychological Experiments. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/GHV6M
Frank Arnould
Deese, J., & Kaufman, R. A. (1957). Serial effects in recall of unorganized and sequentially organized verbal material. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54(3), 180–187. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040536
Glanzer, M., & Cunitz, A. R. (1966). Two storage mechanisms in free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5(4), 351‑360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80044-0
Healy, A. F., Havas, D. A., & Parker, J. T. (2000). Comparing serial position effects in semantic and episodic memory using reconstruction of order tasks. Journal of Memory and Language, 42(2), 147‑167. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1999.2671
Jahnke, J. C. (1963). Serial position effects in immediate serial recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 2(3), 284–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(63)80095-X
Murdock, B. B. Jr. (1962). The serial position effect of free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 64(5), 482–488. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045106
Nipher, F. E. (1878). On the distribution of errors in numbers written from memory. Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis, 3, CCX–CCXI. Reproduced in Stigler, S. M. (1978). Some forgotten work on memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 4(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.4.1.1
Robinson, E. S., & Brown, M. A. (1926). Effect of serial position upon memorization. The American Journal of Psychology, 37(4), 538‑552. https://doi.org/10.2307/1414914
Sehulster, J. R. (1989). Content and temporal structure of autobiographical knowledge : Remembering twenty-five seasons at the Metropolitan Opera. Memory & Cognition, 17(5), 590‑606. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197082
2017-12-04
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-03-22
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y
Terme utilisé pour désigner les différents taux de rappel en fonction de la position des éléments dans la liste étudiée (effet de primauté et effet de récence).
The term is used to refer to the different rates of recall as a function of the position of the items in the list being studied (the primacy effect and the recency effect).
Des effets de position sérielle sont également observés en mémoire à long terme (Healy et al., 2000 ; Sehulster, 1989).
Serial position effects are also observed in long-term memory (Healy et al., 2000; Sehulster, 1989).

effets de position sérielle
serial position effects
effet de position sérielle
serial position effect

Frank Arnould
Oulton, J. M., Takarangi, M. K. T., & Strange, D. (2016). Memory amplification for trauma : Investigating the role of analogue PTSD symptoms in the laboratory. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 42, 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.06.001
van Giezen, A. E., Arensman, E., Spinhoven, P., & Wolters, G. (2005). Consistency of memory for emotionally arousing events: A review of prospective and experimental studies. Clinical Psychology Review, 25(7), 935–953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2005.04.011
2017-12-06
2023-03-15
Tendance chez certaines personnes à évaluer une expérience comme étant plus traumatique après un délai qu'immédiatement après.
The tendency for some people to evaluate an experience as more traumatic after a delay than immediately after.
effet d'amplification mnésique
memory amplification effect

Frank Arnould
Hubbard, T. L., & Motes, M. A. (2005). An effect of context on whether memory for initial position exhibits a Fröhlich effect or an onset repulsion effect. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 58(6), 961‑979. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980443000368
Thornton, I. (2002). The onset repulsion effect. Spatial Vision, 15(2), 219–243. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685680252875183
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
Erreur dans la mémoire de la position initiale d'un stimulus qui se déplace, qui est jugée plus en arrière dans le sens opposé de la direction de ce stimulus.
Error in the memory of the initial position of a moving stimulus, which is estimated to be more backward in the opposite direction of this stimulus.
effet de répulsion de la position initiale
onset repulsion effect

Rowell, S. F., & Jaswal, V. (2020, August 8). Self-Enhancement Memory Bias in Middle Childhood. https://osf.io/p76mz
Frank Arnould
Rowell, S. F., & Jaswal, V. K. (2021). I remember being nice: Self-enhancement memory bias in middle childhood. Memory, 29(2), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1877307
2021-07-06
2023-09-04
bias mnésique d’autovalorisation
effet d’autovalorisation
self-enhancement effect
self-enhancement memory bias
Better memory for positive actions than for negative actions.
Meilleure mémoire pour les actions positives que pour les actions négatives.
biais d’auto-valorisation
biais mnésique d’auto-valorisation
biais d’autovalorisation
self-enhancement bias

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A., Eysenck, M. W., & Anderson, M. C. (2020). Memory (3rd ed.). Psychology Press.
Schnyer, D. M., & Dobbins, I. (in press). Priming. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), Oxford handbook of human memory.
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
amorçage
priming
An effect that shows the influence of processing a stimulus on the performance in a subsequent task.
Effet montrant l’influence du traitement d’un stimulus sur la performance dans une tâche subséquente.

effets d'amorçage
priming effects
effet d'amorçage
priming effect

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Ballard, P. B. (1913). Obliviscence and reminiscence. British Journal of Psychology Monograph Supplements, 1(2), 1–82. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Fisher, R. P., Brewer, N., & Mitchell, G. (2009). The relation between consistency and accuracy of eyewitness testimony: Legal versus cognitive explanations. In R. Bull, T. Valentine, & T. Williamson (Eds.), Handbook of psychology of investigative interviewing: Current developments and future directions (pp. 121–136). Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
On parle de réminiscence lorsque le sujet se souvient de nouveaux éléments dont il ne s'était pas souvenu lors de tests précédents de sa mémoire.
Reminiscence occurs when the subject remembers new elements that he or she did not remember in previous memory tests.
reminiscence
réminiscence

Bücken, C. A., & Otgaar, H. (2020, June 23). lying and DRM type false memories (DRM Videos). https://osf.io/4s37n/
Calado, B., Otgaar, H., & Muris, P. (2018, September 27). Are Children Better Witnesses than Adolescents? Developmental Trends in Different False Memory Paradigms. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6EMH2
Calvillo, D. P. (2019, February 8). Fluency and the DRM effect. https://osf.io/jp2dm/
Crozier, W. E., & Strange, D. (2018, May 22). Associations with Guilty using the DRM Paradigm. https://osf.io/b7wux/
Dechterenko, F., Lukavsky, J., & Štipl, J. (2020, September 25). False memories for scenes using DRM paradigm. https://osf.io/sqjbn/
Dewhurst, S. (2009, janvier 27). Identifying the origin of false memories : A comparison of DRM and categorised lists. [Data Collection]. Economic and Social Research Council. doi:10.5255/UKDA-SN-850078
Friehs, M. A. (2021, May 6). DRM tDCS. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/X5QAS
Geiger, S. J., Haaf, J. M., Rieble, C., Haas, H., Rameckers, S., Gavan, L., & Aust, F. (2019, November 29). A Bayesian Meta-Analysis on Developmental Effects in the DRM Paradigm. https://osf.io/62nfg/
Houben, S. T. L., Otgaar, H., Roelofs, J., Smeets, T., & Merckelbach, H. (2020). Increases of correct memories and spontaneous false memories due to eye movements when memories are retrieved after a time delay [Data set]. DataverseNL. doi:10.34894/FPWRLZ
Houben, S., & Otgaar, H. (2019, October 8). False memory effects of EMDR. https://osf.io/gx7te/
Huff, M. J., & Maxwell, N. P. (2021, July 19). Drawing Individual Images Benefits Recognition Accuracy in the DRM Paradigm. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/R4YH9
Klemfuss, J. Z., & Olaguez, A. P. (2020). Individual differences in children’s suggestibility: An updated review. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 29(2), 158–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2018.1508108
Kloft, L., & Henry. (2019). Hazy memories : Cannabis increases susceptibility to false memory. OSF. https://osf.io/k5v8c/
Otgaar, H., Bücken, C. A., Houtstra, L., & Mangiulli, I. (2020, February 3). Denial-Induced Forgetting, Inhibition, and False Memory. https://osf.io/kp2j4/
Pansuwan, T., Swanson, L., & Morcom, A. (2019, March 15). Associative and Perceptual False Memory in Ageing. https://osf.io/45w3t/
Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., & Mangiulli, I. (2021, April 28). The Impact of Forced Confabulation on Spontaneous False Memory Formation. https://osf.io/y587d/
Robin, F., Menetrier, E., & Beffara Bret, B. (2021, June 11). Effect of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and Misinformation paradigms. https://osf.io/zsh3b/
Schopen, K., Otgaar, H., & Howe, M. L. (2021, January 19). The Effects of Warning on Children’s and Adults’ False Memory Creation. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WBCZQ
Self referencing and false memory exp 2b. (2020). OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/5JG6B
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Zeelenberg, R., Dijkstra, K., & Paolacci, G. (2017, July 26). Does Repeated Participation Affect Effect Size? An Analysis of 9 Cognitive Psychological Experiments. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/GHV6M
van Rijn, E., Cox, E., Carter, N., McMurtrie, H., Willner, P., & Blagrove, M. T. (2015). Sleep Does Not Cause False Memories on the Deese-Roediger-McDermott Paradigm nor on a Story-Based Test of Suggestibility [Data set]. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.23012
Frank Arnould
2021-01-28
Abichou, K., La Corte, V., Nicolas, S., & Piolino, P. (2020). Les faux souvenirs dans le vieillissement normal: Données empiriques du paradigme DRM et perspectives théoriques. Geriatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement, 18, 65–75. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2020.0842 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Brainerd, C. J. (2013). Developmental reversals in false memory: A new look at the reliability of children’s evidence. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(5), 335–341. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721413484468 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., & Holliday, R. E. (2018). Developmental reversals in false memory: Development is complementary, not compensatory. Developmental Psychology, 54(9), 1773–1784. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000554 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Chang, M., & Brainerd, C. J. (2021). Semantic and phonological false memory: A review of theory and data. Journal of Memory and Language, 119, 104210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104210 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Coane, J. H., McBride, D. M., Huff, M. J., Chang, K., Marsh, E. M., & Smith, K. A. (2021). Manipulations of list type in the DRM paradigm : A review of how structural and conceptual similarity affect false memory. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.668550 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Coburn, P. I., Dogra, K. K., Rai, I. K., & Bernstein, D. M. (2021). The trajectory of targets and critical lures in the Deese/Roediger–Mcdermott paradigm: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.718818 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Deese, J. (1959). On the prediction of occurence of particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58(1), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046671 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Gallo, D. A. (2006). Associative illusions of memory: false memory research in DRM and related tasks. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Huff, M. J., Bodner, G. E., & Fawcett, J. M. (2015). Effects of distinctive encoding on correct and false memory:A meta-analytic review of costs and benefits and their origins in the DRM paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 22(2), 349‑365. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-014-0648-8 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
Israel, L., & Schacter, D. L. (1997). Pictorial encoding reduces false recognition of semantic associates. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 4(4), 577–581. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03214352 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Jou, J., & Flores, S. (2013). How are false memories distinguishable from true memories in the Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm? A review of the findings. Psychological Research, 77(6), 671–686. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-012-0472-6 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Langevin, S., Sauzéon, H., Taconnat, L., & N’Kaoua, B. (2009). Les fausses reconnaissances induites par les paradigmes DRM, MI et tâches dérivées. L’Année Psychologique, 109(4), 699‑729. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503309004059 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
McCabe, D. P., Presmanes, A. G., Robertson, C. L., & Smith, A. D. (2004). Item-specific processing reduces false memories. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 11(6), 1074–1079. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196739 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Newbury, C. R., & Monaghan, P. (2019). When does sleep affect veridical and false memory consolidation? A meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(2), 387–400. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1528-4 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
Pansuwan, T., Breuer, F., Gazder, T., Lau, Z., Cueva, S., Swanson, L., Taylor, M., Wilson, M., & Morcom, A. M. (2020). Evidence for adult age-invariance in associative false recognition. Memory, 28(2), 172–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1705351 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pardilla-Delgado, E., & Payne, J. D. (2017). The Deese-Roediger-Mcdermott (DRM) task : A simple cognitive paradigm to investigate false memories in the laboratory. JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments), 119, e54793. https://doi.org/10.3791/54793 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Robin, F., Ménétrier, E., & Beffara Bret, B. (2022). Effects of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and misinformation paradigms. Memory, 30(6), 725–732. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1895221 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Robinson, K. J., & Roediger III, H. L. (1997). Associative processes in false recall and false recognition. Psychological Science, 8(3), 231–237. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00417.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Roediger, H. L., & McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21(4), 803–814. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.21.4.803 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Roediger III, H.L., H., Balota, D., & Watson, J. (2001). Spreading activation and arousal of false memories. In H. L. Roediger III, J. S. Nairne, & I. Neath (Eds.), The nature of remembering: Essays in honor of Robert G. Crowder (pp. 95–115). American Psychological Association Press. https://doi.org/10.1037/10394-006 [Document type: literature review, empirical study / Access: open]
Roediger III, H. L., & Gallo, D. A. (2022). Associative memory illusions. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions : Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (3rd ed.). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Schacter, D. L., Israel, L., & Racine, C. (1999). Suppressing false recognition in younger and older adults: The distinctiveness heuristic. Journal of Memory and Language, 40(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1998.2611 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Smith, R. E., & Hunt, R. R. (1998). Presentation modality affects false memory. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 5(4), 710–715. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03208850 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Suarez, M., & Beato, M. S. (2021). The role of language proficiency in false memory: A mini review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.659434 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-07-25
Psychologie
Psychology
Age: The effect is less present in young children than in older children and adults (Brainerd, 2013; Brainerd et al., 2018). Aging is associated with greater susceptibility to the effect, especially in recall(Abichou et al., 2020; Gallo, 2006; Pansuwan et al., 2020).
Associative strength: backward associative strength of list words with the critical lure intensifies the effect compared to forward associative strength (Roediger, Balota & Watson, 2001).
Concreteness: more false recognition for abstract than for concrete words (Hirshman & Arndt, 1997).
Concrétude : les fausses reconnaissances sont plus nombreuses pour les mots abstraits que pour les mots concrets (Hirshman & Arndt, 1997).
Emotion: false memories in the DRM paradigm with semantic lists are more frequent when the critical lures are emotionally negative, compared to emotionally neutral lures. The opposite is observed with phonological lists (Chang & Brainerd, 2021).
Encodage : l’effet est plus intense quand des participants reçoivent pour consigne d’étudier les mots d’une liste DRM en les mettant en relation, comparativement à une consigne où des participants doivent se concentrer sur les spécificités de chacun des mots (McCabe et al., 2004).
Encoding: The effect is stronger when participants are instructed to study the words in a DRM list by relating them, compared to an instruction where participants are asked to focus on the specificity of each word (item-specific processing) (McCabe et al., 2004).
Force associative : la force associative ascendante des mots de la liste avec le leurre critique intensifie l’effet comparativement à la force associative descendante (Roediger, Balota & Watson, 2001).
Format du stimulus : l’utilisation d’images réduit les fausses reconnaissances dans une tâche DRM comparativement à l’utilisation de mots (Israel & Schacter, 1997 ; Schacter et al., 1999).
Fréquence des mots : les fausses reconnaissances sont plus nombreuses pour les mots très fréquents que pour les mots peu fréquents (Hishman & Arndt, 1997).
Imagerie visuelle : former des images mentales des items à mémoriser réduit l’effet (Chang & Brainerd, 2021 ; Robin et al., 2021).
Level of processing: deep processing of semantic list items promotes the DRM effect compared to shallow processing. The opposite is observed with phonological lists (Chang & Brainerd, 2001).
List presentation: consecutive (blocked) presentation of DRM lists intensifies the effect compared to a presentation where words from different lists are mixed (Gallo, 2006).
Longueur du mot : effet est réduit avec des leurres critiques longs (Roediger et al., 2001)
Modalité du stimulus : la présentation visuelle des mots réduit l’effet comparativement à la présentation auditive en mémoire à long terme avec des listes sémantiques (Chang & Brainerd, 2021 ; Smith & Hunt, 1998).
Niveau de traitement : le traitement profond des items de listes sémantiques favorise l’effet DRM comparé à un traitement superficiel. Le contraire est observé avec les listes phonologiques (Chang & Brainerd, 2001).
Nombre d’associés : l’effet augmente à mesure que le nombre d’items associés au leurre critique s’accroît dans une liste DRM (Robinson & Roediger, 1997).
Number of associates: the effect increases as the number of items associated with the critical lure increases in a DRM list (Robinson & Roediger, 1997).
Presentation rate: among fast rates, slowing the presentation time increases false recall of semantic lists; beyond that, when rates are further slowed, false recall tends to decrease. For phonological lists, the number of false recalls is very high for the fastest presentation rate and then decreases monotonically as the presentation rate is lengthened (McDermott & Watson, 2001).
Présentation des listes : la présentation consécutive (bloquée) des listes DRM intensifie l’effet comparativement à une présentation où les mots des différentes listes sont mélangés (Gallo, 2006).
Stimulus format: the use of pictures reduces false recognition in a DRM task compared to words (Israel & Schacter, 1997; Schacter et al., 1999).
Stimulus modality: visual presentation of words reduces the effect compared to auditory presentation in long-term memory with semantic lists (Chang & Brainerd, 2021; Smith & Hunt, 1998).
Taux de présentation : parmi les taux rapides, ralentir la durée de présentation augmente les faux rappels de listes sémantiques ; au-delà, quand les taux sont encore ralentis, les faux rappels ont tendance à diminuer. Pour les listes phonologiques, le nombre de faux rappels est très élevé pour le taux de présentation le plus rapide puis diminue de manière monotone au fur et à mesure que le taux de présentation est allongé (McDermott & Watson, 2001).
Visual imagery: forming mental images of items to be remembered reduces the effect (Chang & Brainerd, 2021; Robin et al., 2021).
Word frequency: More false recognition for high-frequency words than for low-frequency words (Hishman & Arndt, 1997).
Word length: effect is reduced with longer critical lures (Roediger et al., 2001).
Âge : L’effet est moins présent chez les jeunes enfants que chez les enfants plus âgés et les adultes (Brainerd, 2013 ; Brainerd et al., 2018). Le vieillissement s’accompagne d’une plus grande susceptibilité à l’effet, surtout en rappel. (Abichou et al., 2020 ; Gallo, 2006 ; Pansuwan et al., 2020).
Émotion : les faux souvenirs DRM avec des listes sémantiques sont plus nombreux quand les leurres critiques sont émotionnellement négatifs, comparativement à des leurres émotionnellement neutres. Le contraire est observé avec les listes phonologiques (Chang & Brainerd, 2021).
Homme
Human
DRM effect
DRM error
DRM false memory effect
DRM false memory illusion
DRM illusion
Deese-Roediger-McDermott false memory
Deese-Roediger-McDermott illusion
Deese-Roediger-McDermott memory illusion
faux souvenir DRM
illusion DRM
illusion de Deese-Roediger-McDermott
illusion mnésique de Deese-Roediger-McDermott
prototype-familiarity illusion
Faux souvenir spontané associatif observé en particulier dans le paradigme DRM : les personnes se souviennent à tort de mots qu’ils n’ont pas étudiés parce que ces mots sont sémantiquement ou phonologiquement associés aux mots étudiés.
Spontaneous associative false memory observed in the DRM paradigm: people incorrectly remember words that they have not studied because these words are semantically or phonologically associated with the studied words.
DRM errors
DRM false memories
DRM false memory
DRM illusions
DRM memory illusions
Deese-Roediger-McDermott false memories
Deese-Roediger-McDermott illusions
Deese-Roediger-McDermott memory illusions
faux souvenirs DRM
illusions DRM
illusions de Deese-Roediger-McDermott
illusions mnésiques DRM
prototype-familiarity illusions
DRM memory illusion
illusion mnésique DRM

Frank Arnould
Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., Harnishfeger, K. K., & Howe, M. L. (1993). Is retrievability grouping good for recall? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 122(2), 249-268. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.122.2.249
2017-12-04
2023-03-20
cognitive triage
triage cognitif
Effet montrant que, dans une tâche de rappel libre, les items dont la récupération est difficile sont placés au début et à la fin du rappel, et les items dont la récupération est facile sont placés au milieu du rappel.
In a free recall task, items whose retrieval is difficult are placed at the beginning and at the end of the recall, and items whose retrieval is easier are placed in the middle of the recall.
cognitive triage effect
effet de triage cognitif

Frank Arnould
Briggs, G. E. (1954). Acquisition, extinction, and recovery functions in retroactive inhibition. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47(5), 285-293. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0060251
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
En psychologie de la mémoire, réapparition après un délai de souvenirs ayant subi l'effet d'une interférence rétroactive.
In the psychology of memory, the reappearance, after a certain period of time, of memories that have been subjected to the effect of retroactive interference.
récupération spontanée (mémoire)
spontaneous recovery (memory)

Frank Arnould
Wixted, J.T. (2004). The psychology and neuroscience of forgetting. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 235-269. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141555 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
L'effet d'interférence rétroactive est plus important quand l'activité interférente suit immédiatement l'apprentissage.
The retroactive interference effect is larger when the interfering activity immediately follows learning.
gradient temporel de l'interférence rétroactive
temporal gradient of retroactive interference

Zhong, N. (2022, January 18). Association of idiosyncratic eye-movement patterns with holistic processing of faces as measured by the composite face effect and the face inversion effect. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/R9AWJ
Frank Arnould
Murphy, J., Gray, K. L. H., & Cook, R. (2017). The composite face illusion. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(2), 245-261. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1131-5
Young, A. W., Hellawell, D., & Hay, D. C. (1987). Configurational information in face perception. Perception, 16(6), 747-759. https://doi.org/10.1068/p160747
2017-12-04
2022-04-25
Difficulty in recognizing the top half of a face aligned with the bottom half of another face.
Difficulté à reconnaître la moitié supérieure d'un visage quand celle-ci est alignée avec la moitié inférieure d'un autre visage.
composite face effect
effet du visage composite

Frank Arnould
Bahrick, H. P. (1984). Semantic memory content in permastore: Fifty years of memory for Spanish learned in school. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 113(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.113.1.1
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Terme utilisé par Bahrik (1984) pour désigner les connaissances qui résistent à l'oubli sur de très longues périodes de temps.
The term used by Bahrik (1984) for knowledge that resists forgetting over long periods of time.
Bahrik (1984) s’est intéressé à la mémoire de la langue espagnole apprise pendant les années de lycée et à l’Université. Les résultats indiquent que la courbe d’oubli peut être décomposée en trois parties : la première montre un oubli rapide des connaissances dans les 6 ans après l’apprentissage ; la deuxième partie de la courbe indique des connaissances qui résistent à l’oubli durant une période de 25 à plus de 50 ans (effet permastore qui persiste même si les sujets n’ont pas eu l’occasion de pratiquer la langue espagnole) ; la troisième suggère un nouveau déclin de la mémoire (cette dernière phase pourrait en fait résulter des difficultés de mémoire des personnes interrogées dont l’âge est alors élevé). L’effet permastore a été étudié pour des connaissances scolaires (langue étrangère, mathématiques, par exemple) ou pour des connaissances acquises de façon incidente et informelle dans la vie quotidienne (par exemple, le nom des rues du quartier d’habitation de l’enfance). Le terme a été créé par analogie avec le terme permafrost, terme désignant les sous-sols qui sont gelés en permanence dans certaines régions du globe terrestre.
Bahrik (1984) was interested in the memory of the Spanish language learned during the high school and university years. The results indicate that the forgetting curve can be decomposed into three parts: the first shows a rapid forgetting of knowledge within 6 years after learning; the second part of the curve indicates knowledge that resists forgetting for a period of 25 to more than 50 years (permastore effect that persists even if the subjects have not had the opportunity to practice the Spanish language); the third suggests a further decline in memory (this last phase could in fact be the result of the memory difficulties of the respondents who are now older). The permastore effect has been studied for academic knowledge (e.g. foreign language, mathematics) or for knowledge acquired incidentally and informally in everyday life (e.g. the names of the streets in the childhood neighborhood). The term was coined by analogy with the term permafrost, a term for the ground that is permanently frozen in certain regions of the globe.
effet permastore
permastore effect

Barasch, A., Diehl, K., Silverman, J., & Zauberman, G. (2017, June 1). Photographic Memory: The Effects of Volitional Photo-Taking on Memory for Visual and Auditory Aspects of an Experience. https://osf.io/hrzgs/
Lurie, R. (2020, April 15). Photo-taking Impairs Memory on Perceptual and Conceptual Memory Tests. https://osf.io/pq23c/
Frank Arnould
Barasch, A., Diehl, K., Silverman, J., & Zauberman, G. (2017). Photographic memory: The effects of volitional photo taking on memory for visual and auditory aspects of an experience. Psychological Science, 28(8), 1056–1066. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797617694868
Henkel, L. A. (2014). Point-and-shoot memories: The influence of taking photos on memory for a museum tour. Psychological Science, 25(2), 396–402. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613504438
Lurie, R., & Westerman, D. L. (2021). Photo-taking impairs memory on perceptual and conceptual memory tests. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 10(2), 289‑297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2020.11.002
Niforatos, E., Cinel, C., Mack, C. C., Langheinrich, M., & Ward, G. (2017). Can less be more? Contrasting limited, unlimited, and automatic picture capture for augmenting memory recall. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, 1(2), 1‑22. https://doi.org/10.1145/3090086
Soares, J. S., & Storm, B. C. (2018). Forget in a flash: A further investigation of the photo-taking-impairment effect. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 7(1), 154–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2017.10.004
2021-08-12
2023-09-04
Attentional factor: effect eliminated when people zoom in with their cameras on a particular detail (Henkel, 2014).
Attentional factor: effect eliminated when subjects carry wearable cameras (Niforatos et al., 2017).
Attentional factor: photo-taking improves memory when what is photographed is accompanied by an audio commentary (Barasch et al., 2017).
Facteur attentionnel : disparition de l'effet quand les personnes zooment avec leur appareil photo sur un détail particulier (Henkel, 2014).
Facteur attentionnel : effet éliminé lorsque les sujets portent des caméras portatives automatiques (Niforatos et al., 2017).
Facteur attentionnel : la prise de photo améliore la mémoire quand ce qui est photographié est accompagné d'un commentaire audio (Barasch et al., 2017).
Dans certaines circonstances, le fait de prendre une photo détériore la mémoire de ce qui a été photographié.
Under certain circumstances, taking a photograph may impair the memory of what was photographed.
effet perturbateur de la prise de photos
photo-taking impairment effect

Frank Arnould
Cohen, G. (1990). Why is it difficult to put names to faces? British Journal of Psychology, 81(3), 287-297. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1990.tb02362.x
McWeeny, K. H. Y., Andrew W. Hay. Dennis C. Ellis. Andrew W. (1987). Putting names to faces. British Journal of Psychology, 78(2), 143–149. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1987.tb02235.x
2017-12-04
2023-03-19
Baker/baker effect
effet Boulanger/boulanger
Les personnes se souviennent mieux de mots associés à des visages lorsque ces mots désignent un métier (boulanger) plutôt qu'un nom propre (Mr Boulanger). Autrement dit, il est plus facile de se souvenir qu’une personne exerce le métier de boulanger que de se souvenir que le nom d’une personne est Boulanger.
People remember more words associated with faces when these words refer to an occupation (baker) rather than to a proper name (Mr Baker). In other words, it is easier to remember that a person is a baker than to remember that a person’s name is Baker.
Baker/baker paradox
paradoxe Boulanger/boulanger

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Butler, B. J., & Loftus, E. F. (2018). Discrepancy detection in the retrieval-enhanced suggestibility paradigm. Memory, 26(4), 483–492. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1371193 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Chan, J. C., Thomas, A. K., & Bulevich, J. B. (2009). Recalling a witnessed event increases eyewitness suggestibility: The reversed testing effect. Psychological Science, 20(1), 66–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02245.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
effet inversé du testing
reversed testing effet
"refers to the finding that immediately recalling the details of a witnessed event can increase susceptibility to later misinformation." (Butler et Loftus, 2018, p. 483).
« se rappeler immédiatement les détails d'un événement dont on a été témoin peut accroître la susceptibilité à une désinformation ultérieure. » (Butler et Loftus, 2018, p. 483).
retrieval-enhanced suggestibility
suggestibilité facilitée par la récupération

Frank Arnould
Lind, M., Visentini, M., Mäntylä, T., & Del Missier, F. (2017). Choice-supportive misremembering: A new taxonomy and review. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02062
Mather, M., Shafir, E., & Johnson, M. K. (2003). Remembering chosen and assigned options. Memory & Cognition, 31(3), 422–433. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194400
2017-12-04
2023-07-25
choice-supportive misremembering
Les sujets ont plus tendance à attribuer des caractéristiques positives à leurs choix antérieurs et à attribuer des caractéristiques négatives aux options non choisies.
People are more likely to attribute positive characteristics to their previous choices and assign negative characteristics to non-selected options.
choice-supportive memory
mémoire soutenant le choix

Heathcote, A. (2006) Examining the origins of the word frequency effect in episodic recognition memory and its relationship to the word frequency effect in lexical memory. University of Newcastle, Australia. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/807086
Joykutty, Z. (2022, January 18). Mirror Effect in Recognition-Induced Forgetting. https://osf.io/46jky/
Neath, I. (2022, January 20). Mirror Effect and Stimulus Sets. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PJD6K
Frank Arnould
Glanzer, M., & Adams, J. K. (1985). The mirror effect in recognition memory. Memory & Cognition, 13(1), 8–20. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198438
Glanzer, M., & Adams, J. K. (1990). The mirror effect in recognition memory: data and theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(1), 5-16. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.16.1.5
Neath, I., Hockley, W. E., & Ensor, T. M. (2021). Stimulus-based mirror effects revisited. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(12), 1833–1849. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000901
2017-12-04
2023-03-20
word frequency mirror effect
L'effet miroir désigne « une régularité de la mémoire de reconnaissance dans laquelle une variable a des effets opposés sur les taux de détections correctes et de fausses alarmes. Par exemple, les mots de basse fréquence ont un taux de détections correctes plus élevé et un taux de fausses alarmes plus faible que les mots de haute fréquence. » (Neath et al., 2021, p. 1833).
The mirror effect refers to "a regularity of recognition memory in which a variable has opposite effects on the hit and false alarm rates. For example, low frequency words have a higher hit rate and a lower false alarm rate than high frequency words." (Neath et al., 2021, p. 1833).
effet miroir
mirror effect

Frank Arnould
Lundeberg, M. A., & Fox, P. W. (1991). Do laboratory findings on test expectancy generalize to classroom outcomes? Review of Educational Research, 61(1), 94–106. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543061001094
Meyer, G. (1934). An experimental study of the old and new types of examination: I. The effect of the examination set on memory. Journal of Educational Psychology, 25(9), 641–661. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0073102
2017-12-04
2021-08-11
A phenomenon discovered by Meyer (1934). Pupils expecting to be tested with an essay have better performance in this kind of test and in a multiple-choice test compared to pupils expecting to be tested with a multiple-choice test. However, this effect has only been observed in laboratory studies, not in classrooms (Lundeberg & Fox, 1991).
Phénomène découvert par Meyer (1934). Les élèves qui s'attendent à ce que leurs connaissances soient testées par une épreuve de dissertation réussissent mieux à la fois dans une telle épreuve et dans un test à choix multiple que les élèves qui s'attendent à un test à choix multiple. Cependant, cet effet n'est observé que dans des études en laboratoire, mais pas dans des études réalisées en classe (Lundeberg & Fox, 1991).
effet de l'attente du test
test expectancy effect

Frank Arnould
Glanzer, M., & Bowles, N. (1976). Analysis of the word-frequency effect in recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Learning and Memory, 2(1), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.2.1.21
Gorman, A. M. (1961). Recognition memory for nouns as a function of abstractness and frequency. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61(1), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040561
Gregg, V. H. (1976). Word frequency, recognition, and recall. In J. Brown (Ed.), Recall and recognition (pp. 183–216). Wiley.
Kinsbourne, M., & George, J. (1974). The mechanism of the word-frequency effect on recognition memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 13(1), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(74)80031-9
Malmberg, K. J., & Murnane, K. (2002). List composition and the word-frequency effect for recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(4), 616–630. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.4.616
Popov, V., & Reder, L. (n.d.). Frequency effects in recognition and recall. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of memory. Oxford University Press. Retrieved July 27, 2022, from https://psyarxiv.com/xb8es/
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
paradoxe de la fréquence des mots
word-frequency paradox
Effet montrant que les mots dont la fréquence est faible sont mieux reconnus que les mots dont la fréquence est élevée, alors que le rappel est meilleur pour les mots de fréquence élevée que pour les mots de fréquence faible.
Low-frequency words are better recognized than high-frequency words, while high-frequency words are better recalled than low-frequency words.

effet de fréquence des mots
word-frequency effect

Frank Arnould
Desimone, R. (1996). Neural mechanisms for visual memory and their role in attention. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(24), 13494-13499. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.24.13494
Grill-Spector, K., Henson, R., & Martin, A. (2006). Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus-specific effects. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10(1), 14–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2005.11.006
Lee, S.-M., Henson, R. N., & Lin, C.-Y. (2020). Neural correlates of repetition priming : A coordinate-based meta-analysis of fRMI studies. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.565114
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Baisse de l'activité nerveuse quand un stimulus est répété et observée dans les zones du cerveau associées au traitement de ce stimulus. Ce phénomène constituerait un indicateur de la mémorisation du stimulus.
Decrease in neural activity when a stimulus is repeated and observed in brain areas associated with the processing of that stimulus. This phenomenon may be an indicator of stimulus storage.
repetition suppression
suppression par répétition

Favre-Félix, A., & Moulin, C. (2020, April 8). Relationship between the “jamais vu” sensation and semantic satiation. https://osf.io/5mpf4/
Frank Arnould
Moulin, C. (2018). The neuropsychology of déjà vu. Rouledge.
Moulin, C. J. A., Bell, N., Turunen, M., Baharin, A., & O’Connor, A. R. (2021). The the the the induction of jamais vu in the laboratory: Word alienation and semantic satiation. Memory, 29(7), 933-942. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1727519
2021-07-15
2023-09-04
Chris Moulin
expérience de jamais vu
jamais vu experience
jamais vu sensation
sensation de jamais vu
Sentiment subjectif qu’une expérience familière est inhabituelle.
Subjective feeling of unfamiliarity of a familiar experience.

expériences de jamais vu
jamais vu experiences
jamais vu sensations
sensations de jamais vu
jamais vu
jamais vu

Frank Arnould
Otero, S. C., Weekes, B. S., & Hutton, S. B. (2011). Pupil size changes during recognition memory. Psychophysiology, 48(10), 1346-1353. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01217.x
Võ, M. L.-H., Jacobs, A. M., Kuchinke, L., Hofmann, M., Conrad, M., Schacht, A., & Hutzler, F. (2008). The coupling of emotion and cognition in the eye: introducing the pupil old/new effect. Psychophysiology, 45(1), 130–140. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2007.00606.x
2017-12-04
2021-07-05
Dans une tâche de reconnaissance, la pupille se dilate plus en présence d'items anciens (étudiés) qu'en présence d'items nouveaux (non étudiés).
In a recognition task, the pupil dilates more in the presence of (studied) old items than in the presence of (unstudied) new items.
effet ancien/nouveau sur la pupille
pupil old/new effect

Frank Arnould
Jones, T. C., & Atchley, P. (2002). Conjunction error rates on a continuous recognition memory test: Little evidence for recollection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(2), 374-379. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.2.374
Reinitz, M. T., & Demb, J. B. (1994). Implicit and explicit memory for compound words. Memory & Cognition, 22(6), 687–694. Consulté à l’adresse http://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/BF03209253
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Dans un test de reconnaissance, erreur consistant à reconnaître faussement de nouveaux items composés d'éléments de stimuli étudiés.
False recognition of new items composed of studied items.
For example, in research published by Jones and Atchley (2002), subjects were asked to study words such as "checklist" and "needlepoint". They then incorrectly recognized the unstudied word "ckeckpoint". Conjunction errors have been observed for both verbal material (words, sentences) and nonverbal material, such as faces.
Par exemple, dans la recherche publiée par Jones et Atchley (2002), les sujets devaient étudier des mots comme « checklist » et « needlepoint ». Ils ont ensuite reconnu à tort le mot non étudié « ckeckpoint ». Des erreurs de conjonction ont été observées pour du matériel tant verbal (mots, phrases) que non verbal, comme les visages.
conjunction errors
erreurs de conjonction
conjunction error
erreur de conjonction

Frank Arnould
Collins, A. M., & Quillian, M. R. (1970). Does category size affect categorization time? Journal of verbal learning and verbal behavior, 9(4), 432–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(70)80084-6
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
effet de taille de la catégorie
Decision time in a sentence verification task is shorter when the sentence is about a member of a smaller semantic category (e.g. a canary is a bird) compared to a larger category (e.g. a canary is an animal).
Le temps de décision dans une tâche de vérification de phrases est plus court quand la phrase porte sur un membre d'une catégorie sémantique plus petite (par exemple, un canari est un oiseau) par rapport à une catégorie plus large (par exemple, un canari est un animal).
Suppose that the following two sentences are to be verified: 1. The canary is a bird; 2. The canary is an animal. The decision time is shorter for the first sentence: the Bird category is less extensive than the Animal category. There are cases where the reaction time is shorter when the decision concerns the membership of a larger category: the reversal category size effect.
Supposons que les deux phrases suivantes sont à vérifier : 1. Le canari est un oiseau ; 2. Le canari est un animal. Le temps de décision est plus court pour la première phrase : la catégorie oiseau est moins étendue que la catégorie Animal. Il existe des cas où le temps de réaction est plus court lorsque la décision porte sur l’appartenance à une catégorie plus vaste : on parle alors de l’effet inversé de la dimension de la catégorie (reversal category size effect).
category size effect
effet de dimension de la catégorie

Frank Arnould
Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2018). Complementarity in false memory illusions. Journal of Experimental Psychology-General, 147(3), 305‑327. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000381
Brainerd, C. J., Nakamura, K., & Murtaza, Y. A. (2020). Explaining complementarity in false memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 112, 104105. doi:10.1016/j.jml.2020.104105
2020-11-24
2023-09-04
Effect observed when items are judged to be in states that are in fact incompatible (e.g. old and new).
Effet observé quand des items sont jugés comme étant dans des états qui sont pourtant incompatibles (par exemple, anciens et nouveaux).
complementarity effect
effet de complémentarité

Frank Arnould
Paris, S. G. (1978). Coordination of means and goals in the development of mnenomic skills. In P. A. Ornstein (Ed.), Memory development in children (p. 259-273). Laurence Erlbaum Associates.
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
On parle de déficience de production lorsqu'un sujet n'est pas capable d'utiliser spontanément une stratégie mnémonique pour améliorer sa mémoire, bien qu'il soit capable de le faire si on l'y entraîne ou s’il y est incité. Notion utilisée principalement dans les travaux sur l'utilisation des stratégies chez l'enfant et chez l'adulte âgé.
The situation when a subject is not able to spontaneously use a strategy to improve his/her memory, although he/she is able to use it after training or if he/she is encouraged to do so. Concept used mainly in studies investigating the production of memory strategies in children and older adults.
déficience de production
production deficiency

Frank Arnould
Burns, D. J. (1989). Proactive interference: An individual-item versus relational processing account. Journal of Memory and Language, 28(3), 345-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(89)90038-7
Thapar, A. (1996). Reverse-interference effect in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22(2), 430-437. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.22.2.430
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Les sujets mémorisent deux listes de paires de mots du type (D-B, A-C) ou (A-B, A-C). Lorsqu'ils sont invités à rappeler librement les réponses à la deuxième liste (les mots C), les sujets se souviennent en fait mieux des mots dans la condition (A-B, A-C) que dans la condition (D-B, A-C).
Subjects memorize two lists of word pairs of the type (D-B, A-C) or (A-B, A-C). When asked to freely recall the responses to the second list (C words), the subjects have a better recall for the words in the condition (A-B, A-C) than in the condition (D-B, A-C).
effet inversé de l'interférence
reverse interference effect

Frank Arnould
Peynircioǧlu, Z. F. (1990). A feeling-of-recognition without identification. Journal of Memory and Language, 29(4), 493-500. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(90)90068-B
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
After studying items (e.g. words), subjects are able to distinguish studied items and non-studied items, even if it is impossible to identify them when they are presented in degraded manner (e.g. in the form of word fragments).
Après avoir étudié des items (par exemple, des mots), les sujets sont capables de distinguer des items étudiés d’items non étudiés, même s’il leur est impossible de les identifier quand ils leur sont présentés de manière dégradée (par exemple, sous la forme de fragments de mots).
reconnaissances sans identification
recognition without identification
reconnaissance sans identification

Frank Arnould
Kahana, M. J. (2012). Foundations of human memory. Oxford University Press.
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, erreur consistant à rappeler un item présent dans une liste à une mauvaise position. Ce sont surtout les items de milieu de liste qui sont les plus sensibles à ce type d'erreur.
In a serial recall task, error consisting of reporting an incorrect position of an item in a list. Mid-list items are more subject to this kind of error.
erreurs de transposition
transposition errors
erreur de transposition
transposition error

Frank Arnould
Bornstein, R. F., & Craver-Lemley, C. (2022). Mere exposure effect. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions: Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (pp. 241–258). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003154730-18
Zajonc, R. B. (2001). Mere exposure: A gateway to the subliminal. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10(6), 224-228. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.00154
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
Preference for an unfamiliar stimulus as a result of a previous presentation of that stimulus, especially when the stimulus is presented in such a way that the subject may not be aware of it.
Préférence pour un stimulus non familier résultant d'une présentation antérieure, en particulier lorsque le stimulus est présenté de telle sorte que le sujet ne puisse pas en prendre conscience. Le phénomène est utilisé en psychologie de la mémoire pour étudier la mémoire implicite.

effet de simple exposition
mere exposure effect

Frank Arnould
Koriat, A., & Bjork, R. A. (2005). Illusions of competence in monitoring one’s knowledge during study. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 31(2), 187-194. https://doi./org/10.1037/0278-7393.31.2.187
2017-12-04
2022-04-13
Illusion de compétence conduisant le sujet à surestimer la performance future de sa mémoire quand il existe une divergence inhérente entre la situation d'apprentissage et la situation de test (Koriat & Bjork, 2005).
Illusion of competence leading the subject to overestimate the future performance of his/her own memory when there is an inherent discrepancy between the learning situation and the test conditions (Koriat & Bjork, 2005).
For example, Koariat & Bjork (2005, Experiment 2) asked people to learn word pairs. After each pair, participants were asked to indicate how likely they thought they would be able to recall the second word in the pair using the first as a cue (judgment of learning). The word pairs were constructed using either forward or backward associations. For example, in English, the “umbrella-rain” pair is based on a forward association because, according to verbal association data, the probability of the word “umbrella” eliciting the word “rain” is high. In contrast, the reverse pair “rain-umbrella” relies on a backward association because the probability of the word “rain” to elicit the word umbrella is low. At the time of testing, the first word of each pair was presented to the subjects who had to remember the word associated with it. The results showed that participants judged that they would remember the words of the forward pairs just as well as the backward pairs. Yet, in reality, they remembered the forward pairs better and thus subjectively exaggerated their ability to remember the backward pairs.
Par exemple, Koariat & Bjork (2005, Expérience 2) ont demandé à des personnes de mémoriser des paires de mots. Après chaque paire, les participants devaient indiquer la probabilité avec laquelle ils pensaient pouvoir rappeler le second mot de la paire en se servant du premier comme indice (jugement d’apprentissage). Les paires de mots étaient construites à partir d’associations « vers l’avant » (forward associations) ou rétrogrades (backward associations). Par exemple, en anglais, la paire « umbrella-rain » repose sur une association vers l’avant, car, selon des données d’associations verbales, la probabilité que possède le mot « umbrella » de susciter le mot « rain » est élevée. Par contre, la paire inverse « rain-umbella » repose sur une association rétrograde, car la probabilité du mot « rain » à susciter le mot « umbrella » est faible. Au moment du test, le premier mot de chaque paire était présenté aux sujets qui devaient se souvenir du mot qui lui était associé. Les résultats ont montré que les participants ont jugé qu’ils se souviendraient tout aussi bien des mots des paires vers l’avant que des paires rétrogrades. Pourtant, dans les faits, ils se sont mieux souvenus des paires « vers l’avant » et ont donc subjectivement exagéré leur capacité à se souvenir des paires rétrogrades.
biais de prévision
foresight bias

Kubik, V., Jemstedt, A., Jönsson, F., & Schwartz, B. L. (2021, December 30). The underconfidence-with-practice effect in action memory: The contribution of retrieval practice to metacognitive monitoring. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/B4W26
Frank Arnould
Finn, B., & Metcalfe, J. (2007). The role of memory for past test in the underconfidence with practice effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33(1), 238–244. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.1.238
Koriat, A. (1997). Monitoring one’s own knowledge during study: A cue-utilization approach to judgments of learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 126(4), 349–370. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.126.4.349
Koriat, A., Sheffer, L., & Ma’ayan, H. (2002). Comparing objective and subjective learning curves: Judgments of learning exhibit increased underconfidence with practice. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131(2), 147–162. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.131.2.147
West, J. T., & Mulligan, N. W. (2019). Prospective metamemory, like retrospective metamemory, exhibits underconfidence with practice. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 45(12), 2224–2238. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000708
2022-04-05
2023-09-04
UWP
Quand la présentation d’une liste d’items est répétée, les participants deviennent sous-confiants dans les jugements d’apprentissage, de sorte que les prédictions subjectives de rappel des items finissent par être nettement inférieures à la performance mnésique objective (Koriat et al., 2002).
“With repeated presentation of the list, JOLs [judgments of learning] evidenced increased underconfidence, so that recall predictions became markedly lower than recall performance.”(Koriat et al., 2002, p. 148).
underconfidence with practice
underconfidence with practice effect
underconfidence-with-practice
effet de sous-confiance avec la pratique
underconfidence-with-practice effect

itzman, D., Rhodes, M., Hausman, H., & Scheibe, D. A. (2021, April 6). Hypercorrection & Episodic Memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/YBJU3
Frank Arnould
Butterfield, B., & Metcalfe, J. (2001). Errors committed with high confidence are hypercorrected. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(6), 1491–1494. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.6.1491
2017-12-04
2022-04-25
hypercorrection phenomenon
phénomène d'hypercorrection
Après un feedback sur les réponses données, les personnes corrigent plus volontiers les erreurs de mémoire pour lesquelles elles étaient fortement sûres d'elles-mêmes que les erreurs de mémoire pour lesquelles elles étaient peu sûres d'elles-mêmes.
Errors made with higher confidence are more likely to be corrected with feedback on a final test than are errors made with lower confidence.
effet d'hypercorrection
hypercorrection effect

Frank Arnould
Kornell, N., & Bjork, R. A. (2009). A stability bias in human memory: Overestimating remembering and underestimating learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138(4), 449-468. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017350
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Biais de mémoire se manifestant quand les personnes estiment que leurs souvenirs vont rester stables dans le temps, ne s'amélioreront pas avec des séances d'apprentissage supplémentaires et ne seront pas sujets à l'oubli.
Memory bias when people consider that their memories will remain stable over time, will not improve with additional learning trials and will not be forgotten.
biais de stabilité
stability bias

Chang, M. (2023, March 22). The Font Size Effect Depends on List Relatedness. https://osf.io/7j2pv
Fan, T. (2021, September 10). The Contribution of Metamemory Beliefs to the Font Size Effect on Judgments of Learning: Is Word Frequency a Moderating Factor? doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/D894V
Maxwell, N. P., & Huff, M. J. (2021, October 18). Perceptually Distinctive Features of Study Words Do Not Inflate Judgements of Learning: Evidence from Font Size, Highlights, and Sans Forgetica Font Type. https://osf.io/3xwdr/
Su, N., Li, T., Zheng, J., Hu, X., Fan, T., & Luo, L. (2018). How font size affects judgments of learning: Simultaneous mediating effect of item-specific beliefs about fluency and moderating effect of beliefs about font size and memory. https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/How_font_size_affects_judgments_of_learning_Simultaneous_mediating_effect_of_item-specific_beliefs_about_fluency_and_moderating_effect_of_beliefs_about_font_size_and_memory/6846332/1
Yang, C. (2021, November 2). The font size effect on judgements of learning. https://osf.io/2zfye/
Frank Arnould
Kornell, N., Rhodes, M. G., Castel, A. D., & Tauber, S. K. (2011). The ease-of-processing heuristic and the stability bias: Dissociating memory, memory beliefs, and memory judgments. Psychological Science, 22(6), 787–794. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611407929
Mueller, M. L., Dunlosky, J., Tauber, S. K., & Rhodes, M. G. (2014). The font-size effect on judgments of learning: Does it exemplify fluency effects or reflect people’s beliefs about memory? Journal of Memory and Language, 70, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2013.09.007
Price, J., & Harrison, A. (2017). Examining what prestudy and immediate judgments of learning reveal about the bases of metamemory judgments. Journal of Memory and Language, 94, 177–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2016.12.003
Rhodes, M. G., & Castel, A. D. (2008). Memory predictions are influenced by perceptual information: Evidence for metacognitive illusions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 137(4), 615–625. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013684
Su, N., Li, T., Zheng, J., Hu, X., Fan, T., & Luo, L. (2018). How font size affects judgments of learning: Simultaneous mediating effect of item-specific beliefs about fluency and moderating effect of beliefs about font size and memory. PLOS ONE, 13(7), e0200888. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200888
Undorf, M., & Zimdahl, M. F. (2019). Metamemory and memory for a wide range of font sizes: What is the contribution of perceptual fluency? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 45(1), 97–109. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000571
Undorf, M., Söllner, A., & Bröder, A. (2018). Simultaneous utilization of multiple cues in judgments of learning. Memory & Cognition, 46(4), 507–519. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-017-0780-6
2022-04-05
2023-09-04
effet de la taille de la police de caractère
font size effect
Alors que la mémoire de mots ne dépend pas de la taille de la police de caractère, les personnes ont tendance à croire que les mots écrits avec une police de grande taille de police sont mieux mémorisés que les mots écrits avec une petite taille de police.
Memory for words does not vary with font size. However, people tend to believe that words written in larger fonts are easier to remember than words written in smaller fonts.
font size illusion
illusion de la taille de la police de caractère

Frank Arnould
Lichtenstein, S., & Fischhoff, B. (1977). Do those who know more also know more about how much they know? Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 20(2), 159-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(77)90001-0
Moore, D. A., & Schatz, D. (2017). The three faces of overconfidence. Social & Personality Psychology Compass, 11(8), n/a-N.PAG. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12331
2017-12-04
2022-04-05
Effet indiquant que les sujets manifestent une confiance excessive dans leurs réponses à des questions difficiles et une confiance insuffisante dans leurs réponses à des questions faciles.
Subjects are overconfident in their answers to difficult questions and underconfident in their answers to easy questions.

effet difficile-facile
hard-easy effect

Frank Arnould
Fleming, S. M., & Lau, H. C. (2014). How to measure metacognition. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00443
2022-04-04
2023-09-04
"the tendency to give high conﬁdence ratings, all else being equal."(Fleming & Lau, 2014).
« tendance à avoir des niveaux de confiance élevés, toutes choses étant égales par ailleurs. » (Fleming & Lau, 2014).
biais métacognitif
metacognitive bias

Mieth, L., Schaper, M. L., Kuhlmann, B. G., & Bell, R. (2020, July 14). Memory and metamemory for social interactions: Evidence for a metamemory expectancy illusion. https://osf.io/h98qs
Schaper, M. L., & Bayen, U. J. (2020, September 11). The Metamemory Expectancy Illusion in Source Monitoring Affects Metamemory Control and Memory. https://osf.io/njmrw/
Schaper, M. L., Kuhlmann, B. G., & Bayen, U. J. (2019, June 4). Metacognitive Expectancy Effects in Source Monitoring: Beliefs, In-The-Moment Experiences, or Both? https://osf.io/mxk4p/
Schaper, M. L., Kuhlmann, B. G., & Bayen, U. J. (2019, June 4). Metamemory Expectancy Illusion and Schema-Consistent Guessing in Source Monitoring. https://osf.io/h9mj6/
Frank Arnould
Gordon, L. T., Bilolikar, V. K., Hodhod, T., & Thomas, A. K. (2020). How prior testing impacts misinformation processing: A dual-task approach. Memory & Cognition, 48(2), 314–324. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00970-0
Schaper, M. L., & Bayen, U. J. (2021). The metamemory expectancy illusion in source monitoring affects metamemory control and memory. Cognition, 206, 104468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104468
Schaper, M. L., Kuhlmann, B. G., & Bayen, U. J. (2019). Metamemory expectancy illusion and schema-consistent guessing in source monitoring. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 45(3), 470–496. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000602
2020-11-12
2023-09-04
Idée fausse consistant à croire que la mémoire d’une source d’information est meilleure si cette source est attendue plutôt qu’inattendue.
The misconception that source memory is better if the source is expected rather than unexpected.
illusion métamnésique sur les attentes
metamemory expectancy illusion

Frank Arnould
Benjamin, A. S., & Diaz, M. (2008). Measurement of relative metamnemonic accuracy. In J. Dunlosky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Handbook of metamemory and memory (pp. 73–94). Psychology Press.
Luna, K., Martín-Luengo, B., & Albuquerque, P. B. (2018). Do delayed judgements of learning reduce metamemory illusions? A meta-analysis. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71(7), 1626–1636. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1343362
Narens, L., Nelson, T. O., & Scheck, P. (2008). Memory monitoring and delayed JOL effect. In J. Dunlovsky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Hanbook of Metamemory and Memory. Psychology Press.
Nelson, T. O., & Dunlosky, J. (1991). When people’s judgments of learning (JOLs) are extremely accurate at predicting subsequent recall: The “delayed-JOL effect.” Psychological Science, 2(4), 267–271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00147.x
Rhodes, M. G., & Tauber, S. K. (2011). The influence of delaying judgments of learning on metacognitive accuracy: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 137(1), 131–148. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021705
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
delayed JOL effect
Judgments of the future recallability of an item are more accurate when a time interval is interposed between study and judgments (after Benjamin & Diaz, 2008).
Les jugements sur la capacité à rappeler un item dans le futur sont plus précis quand un intervalle de temps est interposé entre la phase d’étude et le moment des jugements (d’après Benjamin & Diaz, 2008).
delayed judgement of learning effect
delayed judgment of learning effect
effet du jugement d'apprentissage différé

Frank Arnould
Finn, B. (2010). Ending on a high note : Adding a better end to effortful study. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36(6), 1548‑1553. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020605
Finn, B. (2015). Retrospective utility of educational experiences : Opportunities to broaden motivation theory and classroom applications. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4(4), 388‑390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2015.10.001
Finn, B., & Miele, D. B. (2016). Hitting a high note on math tests : Remembered success influences test preferences. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 42(1), 17‑38. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000150
Finn, B., & Miele, D. B. (2021). Boundary conditions of the remembered success effect. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 10(4), 621–641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2021.07.009
2021-12-03
2023-09-04
"When people can remember having been successful or experiencing ease during a challenging task (i.e., experiences with high remembered utility), they prefer this experience to shorter tasks that do not feature any moderate learning or testing opportunities." (Finn & Miele, 2021, p. 622).
« Lorsque les personnes se souviennent d'avoir réussi ou d'avoir été à l'aise lors d'une tâche difficile (c'est-à-dire des expériences à forte utilité mémorisée), ils préfèrent cette expérience à des tâches plus courtes qui ne présentent pas de possibilités d'apprentissage ou de test modérées. » (Finn & Miele, 2021, p. 622).
effet de réussite mémorisée
remembered success effect

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
2022-02-03
2023-09-04
apprentissage de l’échappement
comportement d’échappement
escape
escape behavior
escape learning
escape training
échappement
échappement conditionné
En conditionnement opérant, apprentissage d’une réponse pour faire cesser la délivrance d’un stimulus aversif.
In operant conditioning, learning a response to terminate the delivery of an aversive stimulus.

conditionnement de l’échappement
escape conditioning

Frank Arnould
Byrom, N. C., Msetfi, R. M., & Murphy, R. A. (2018). Human latent inhibition : Problems with the stimulus exposure effect. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(6), 2102‑2118. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1455-4
Lubow, R. E. (1973). Latent inhibition. Psychological Bulletin, 79(6), 398‑407. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0034425
Lubow, R. E., & Moore, A. U. (1959). Latent inhibition: The effect of nonreinforced pre-exposure to the conditional stimulus. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 52(4), 415–419. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046700
2018-09-12
2022-04-04
conditioned stimulus preexposure effect ​
effet de la pré-exposition du stimulus conditionnel
En conditionnement classique, plus grande difficulté à établir un conditionnement par la « pré-exposition non renforcée du stimulus à conditionner. » (Lubow, 1973, p. 398).
In classical conditioning, "decrement in learning performance which results from the nonreinforced preexposure of the to-be-conditioned stimulus." (Lubow, 1973, p. 398).

inhibition latente
latent inhibition

Frank Arnould
Brogden, W. J. (1939). Sensory pre-conditioning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 25(4), 323–332. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0058944
2017-12-04
2022-01-20
An association is acquired without reinforcement between two contiguous stimuli before conditioning. A response to a stimulus is then acquired by conditioning and can be generalized to the other stimulus.
Une association est acquise, sans renforcement, entre deux stimuli contigus, avant un conditionnement. Une réponse à l'un des stimuli est ensuite acquise par conditionnement et peut se généraliser à l'autre stimulus.

préconditionnement sensoriel
sensory preconditioning

Frank Arnould
Sweatt, J. D. (2010). Mechanisms of memory (2nd ed.). Academic Press.
2017-12-04
2022-03-30
behavioral sensitization
sensibilisation comportementale
Augmentation de la fréquence ou de l'amplitude d’une réponse à un nouveau stimulus.
Increase in the frequency or amplitude of a response to a new stimulus.

behavioural sensitization
sensitisation
sensibilisation
sensitization

Frank Arnould
Sweatt, J. D. (2010). Mechanisms of memory (2nd ed.). Academic Press.
2017-12-04
2022-03-29
After habituation, reappearance of the response after the presentation of a new stimulus or a modified version of the original stimulus.
Après habituation, réapparition de la réponse après la présentation d’un nouveau stimulus ou d’une version modifiée du stimulus original.

dishabituation
déshabituation

Frank Arnould
Colwill, R. M., Lattal, K. M., Whitlow, J. W., & Delamater, A. R. (2023). Habituation: It’s not what you think it is. Behavioural Processes, 207, 104845. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2023.104845
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
Sweatt, J. D. (2010). Mechanisms of memory (2nd ed.). Academic Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
Diminution de la réponse à un stimulus quand ce stimulus est répété.
Response decrease to a repeated stimulus.

habituation
habituation

Frank Arnould
Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes: An investigation of the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex (G. V. Anrep, Trans.). Dover Publications. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Pavlov/
2017-12-04
2023-03-20
Après un délai, réapparition d'une réponse conditionnée qui avait été éteinte.
The reappearance after a period of time of a conditioned response that has been extinguished.

récupération spontanée (conditionnement)
spontaneous recovery (conditioning)

Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
2022-02-03
2023-09-04
apprentissage de l’évitement
avoidance
avoidance learning
avoidance training
comportement d'évitement
évitement
évitement conditionné
En conditionnement opérant, apprentissage d’une réponse pour qu’un stimulus aversif ne soit pas délivré ou pour ne pas y être exposé.
In operant conditioning, learning a response so that an aversive stimulus is not delivered or not to be exposed to it.

avoidance conditioning
conditionnement de l’évitement

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes: An investigation of the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex (G. V. Anrep, Trans.). Dover Publications. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Pavlov/
2022-02-01
2023-09-04
Generalization of a classical or operant conditioning to stimuli similar to the stimulus used for the initial conditioning.
Généralisation d’un conditionnement classique ou opérant à des stimuli similaires au stimulus ayant servi au conditionnement initial.
stimulus generalisation
généralisation du stimulus
stimulus generalization

Frank Arnould
VanElzakker, M. B., Kathryn Dahlgren, M., Caroline Davis, F., Dubois, S., & Shin, L. M. (2014). From Pavlov to PTSD: The extinction of conditioned fear in rodents, humans, and anxiety disorders. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 113, 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.11.014
2017-12-04
2021-08-10
Disappearance of a conditioned response when it ceased to be reinforced.
Disparition d'une réponse conditionnée quand celle-ci a cessé d'être renforcée.

extinction
extinction

Cullen, H. J., van Golde, C., PhD, & Paterson, H. (2021, October 5). Inattentional blindness and eyewitness memory. https://osf.io/be5an
Frank Arnould
2022-04-28
Cullen, H. J., Paterson, H. M., & van Golde, C. (2022). Does experiencing inattentional blindness for crime influence eyewitness recall? Memory, 30(2), 206–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.2002906 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Hyman, I. E. Jr. (2016). Unaware observers: The impact of inattentional blindness on walkers, drivers, and eyewitnesses. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5(3), 264–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2016.06.011 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Hyman, I. E., Wulff, A. N., & Thomas, A. K. (2018). Crime blindness: How selective attention and inattentional blindness can disrupt eyewitness awareness and memory. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5(2), 202–208. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732218786749 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Neisser, U., & Becklen, R. (1975). Selective looking: Attending to visually specified events. Cognitive Psychology, 7(4), 480–494. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(75)90019-5 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Rock, I., Linnett, C. M., Grant, P., & Mack, A. (1992). Perception without attention: Results of a new method. Cognitive Psychology, 24(4), 502–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(92)90017-V [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Simons, D. J., & Chabris, C. F. (1999). Gorillas in our midst: Sustained inattentional blindness for dynamic events. Perception, 28(9), 1059–1074. https://doi.org/10.1068/p281059 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Wulff, A. N., & Hyman, I. E. (2022). Crime blindness: The impact of inattentional blindness on eyewitness awareness, memory, and identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(1), 166–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3906 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-05
Inability to detect an unexpected, salient, incongruous element because attention is captured by processing other elements of the scene.
Incapacité à détecter un élément inattendu, saillant, incongru parce que l'attention est captée par le traitement d'autres éléments de la scène.
cécité d'inattention
inattentional blindness

Wood, K., & Simons, D. J. (2019, November 30). Reconciling change blindness with long-term memory for objects. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 79, 438-448. https://osf.io/6y35t
Frank Arnould
2022-04-28
Boloix, E. (2007). La représentation des scènes visuelles en mémoire: Les apports de la cécité au changement. L’Année psychologique, 107(3), 459–487. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503307003053 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Davies, G., & Hine, S. (2007). Change blindness and eyewitness testimony. The Journal of Psychology, 141(4), 423–434. https://doi.org/10.3200/JRLP.141.4.423-434 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Davis, D., Loftus, E. F., Vanous, S., & Cucciare, M. (2008). `Unconscious transference’ can be an instance of `change blindness’. In APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (Vol. 22, Issue 5, pp. 605–623). JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1395 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Fitzgerald, R. J., Oriet, C., & Price, H. L. (2016). Change blindness and eyewitness identification: Effects on accuracy and confidence. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 21(1), 189–201. https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12044 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Gibbs, R., Davies, G., & Chou, S. (2016). A systematic review on factors affecting the likelihood of change blindness. Crime Psychology Review, 2(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/23744006.2016.1228799 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Laney, C., & Loftus, E. F. (2010). Change blindness and eyewitness memory. In G. M. Davies & D. B. Wright (Eds.), Current issues in applied memory research (pp. 142–159). Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Nelson, K. J., Laney, C., Fowler, N. B., Knowles, E. D., Davis, D., & Loftus, E. F. (2011). Change blindness can cause mistaken eyewitness identification. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 16(1), 62–74. https://doi.org/10.1348/135532509X482625 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Rensink, R. A., O’Regan, J. K., & Clark, J. J. (1997). To see or not to see: The need for attention to perceive changes in scenes. Psychological Science, 8(5), 368–373. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00427.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
Inability to detect a change between two successive versions of a scene.
Incapacité à détecter un changement entre deux versions successives d'une scène.
cécité aux changements
change blindness
cécité au changement

Grassi, M., Toffalini, E., & Crotti, C. (2020, July 16). Direct replication of “Temporary suppression of visual processing in RSVP task: an attentional blink?” (Experiment 2). doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/HP9NK
Frank Arnould
Grassi, M., Crotti, C., Giofrè, D., Boedker, I., & Toffalini, E. (2021). Two replications of Raymond, Shapiro, and Arnell (1992), The Attentional Blink. Behavior Research Methods, 53(2), 656‑668. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-020-01457-6
Raymond, J. E., Shapiro, K. L., & Arnell, K. M. (1992). Temporary suppression of visual processing in an RSVP task : An attentional blink? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18(3), 849‑860. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.18.3.849
Weichselgartner, E., & Sperling, G. (1987). Dynamics of automatic and controlled visual attention. Science (New York, N.Y.), 238(4828), 778‑780. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3672124
2020-08-27
2023-09-04
Grassi, M., Crotti, C., Giofrè, D., Boedker, I., & Toffalini, E. (2021). Two replications of Raymond, Shapiro, and Arnell (1992), The Attentional Blink. Behavior Research Methods, 53(2), 656‑668. doi:10.3758/s13428-020-01457-6
Quand deux stimuli visuels successifs sont séparés par un intervalle de temps entre 200 ms et 500 ms, les observateurs échouent souvent à rapporter le second stimulus.
When two successive visual stimuli are separated by a time interval between 200 ms and 500 ms, observers often fail to report the second stimulus.

attentional blink
clignement attentionnel

2023-04-03
Frank Arnould
2023-04-14
Informatics
Informatique
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
An R package for the calculation of eyewitness confidence-accuracy relationships, calibration statistics, calibration curves, and confidence-accuracy characteristics curves (https://github.com/IngerMathilde/legalPsych).
Paquet R pour l’analyse des relations entre confiance et précision des témoignages oculaires, la réalisation de statistiques et courbes de calibration, ainsi que de courbes caractéristiques confiance-précision (https://github.com/IngerMathilde/legalPsych).
legalPsych
legalPsych

2023-04-03
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Informatics
Informatique
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
An R package "for quickly and accurately processing lexical output from cued-recall, free-recall, and sentence-recall studies." (Maxwell et al., 2022, p. 2022).
Un paquet R « pour traiter rapidement et avec précision les résultats lexicaux d'études sur le rappel indicé, le rappel libre et le rappel de phrases. » (Maxwell et al., 2022, p. 2022).
lrd
lrd

2023-04-03
Frank Arnould
Yang, Y., & Smith, A. (2023). fullROC: An R package for generating and analyzing eyewitness-lineup ROC curves. Behavior Research Methods, 55(1), 1259-1274. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-022-01807-6 [Document type: software description / Access: open]
2023-04-14
Informatics
Informatique
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Paquet R pour l’analyse des courbes ROC de données issues de tapissages de police.
R package for analysing ROC curves from police lineups.
fullROC
fullROC

2023-04-03
Frank Arnould
Cohen, A. L., Starns, J. J., & Rotello, C. M. (2021). sdtlu: An R package for the signal detection analysis of eyewitness lineup data. Behavior Research Methods, 53(1), 278–300. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-020-01402-7 [Document type: software description / Access: open]
2023-04-14
Informatics
Informatique
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
signal detection theory – lineUp
An R package for analysing police lineup data using signal detection theory.
Paquet R pour l’analyse de données issues de tapissages de police à l’aide de la théorie de la détection du signal.
sdtlu
sdtlu

2023-04-03
Frank Arnould
Mickes, L., Seale-Carlisle, T. M., Chen, X., & Boogert, S. (in press). pyWitness 1.0: A python eyewitness identification analysis toolkit. Behavior Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-023-02108-2 [Document type: software description / Access: open]
2023-08-07
Informatics
Informatique
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
A Python library for analysing memory recognition and identification data from police lineups (ROC analysis, confidence-accuracy characteristic, response time accuracy characteristic).
Librairie Python pour l’analyse des données de reconnaissance en mémoire et d’identification dans les tapissages de police.
pyWitness
pyWitness

2023-06-28
Frank Arnould
Gudjonsson, G. H. (2018). The psychology of false confessions: Forty years of science and practice. Wiley. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Gudjonsson, G. H. (2021). The science-based pathways to understanding false confessions and wrongful convictions. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.633936 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Kassin, S. M., & Gudjonsson, G. H. (2004). The psychology of confessions: A review of the literature and issues. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 5(2), 33–67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-1006.2004.00016.x [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
Kassin, S. M., Drizin, S. A., Grisso, T., Gudjonsson, G. H., Leo, R. A., & Redlich, A. D. (2010). Police-induced confessions: Risk factors and recommendations. Law and Human Behavior, 34(1), 3–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-009-9188-6 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Lassiter, G. D., & Meissner, C. A. (Eds.). (2010). Police interrogations and false confessions: Current research, practice, and policy recommendations. American Psychological Association. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Meissner, C. A., Redlich, A. D., Michael, S. W., Evans, J. R., Camilletti, C. R., Bhatt, S., & Brandon, S. (2014). Accusatorial and information-gathering interrogation methods and their effects on true and false confessions: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 10(4), 459–486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-014-9207-6 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Stewart, J. M., Woody, W. D., & Pulos, S. (2018). The prevalence of false confessions in experimental laboratory simulations: A meta‐analysis. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 36(1), 12–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2327 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Admission by an innocent person of having committed a crime.
Admission par une personne innocente d’avoir commis un délit ou un crime.

false confessions
faux aveux
false confession
faux aveu

Zhang, Y., & Hoffman, P. (2022, December 2). Taxonomic and thematic relations rely on different types of semantic features: Evidence from an fMRI meta-analysis and a semantic priming study. https://osf.io/mrvns
Zhang, Y., Mirman, D., & Hoffman, P. (2023). Taxonomic and thematic relations rely on different types of semantic features: Evidence from an fMRI meta-analysis and a semantic priming study. Brain and Language, 242, 105287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2023.105287
2023-06-13
Frank Arnould
Mirman, D., Landrigan, J.-F., & Britt, A. E. (2017). Taxonomic and thematic semantic systems. Psychological Bulletin, 143(5), 499–520. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000092 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-06-13
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
sémantique thématique
thematic semantics
« Les relations thématiques (ou relations associatives) se produisent lorsque deux concepts cooccurrent fréquemment dans des événements ou des situations (par exemple, "chien" et "os"), en mettant l’accent sur l’interaction ou l’association entre les concepts » (Zhang et al., 2023).
“thematic relations (or associative relations) occur when two concepts frequently co-occur in events or situations (e.g., ‘dog’ and ‘bone’), focusing on the interaction or association between concepts” (Zhang et al., 2023).
relations thématiques
thematic relations
relation thématique
thematic relation

2023-05-29
Frank Arnould
Smith, A. M., & Wells, G. L. (2023). Using reflector variables to determine whether the culprit is present in or absent from a police lineup. In D. DeMatteo & K. C. Scherr (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Psychology and Law (p. 464-C27P81). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197649138.013.27 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wells, G. L. (2020). Psychological science on eyewitness identification and its impact on police practices and policies. American Psychologist, 75(9), 1316–1329. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000749 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-06-20
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
« Les variables réflectrices font référence à des comportements des témoins oculaires pendant la procédure d’identification qui covarient avec, et donc reflètent, le fait que le suspect dans une procédure d’identification est innocent ou coupable » (Wells, 2020, p. 1318), comme le temps de décision d’un témoin oculaire dans un tapissage et les jugements de confiance des témoins.
“Reflector variables are the behaviors of eyewitnesses during the identification procedure that covary with, and hence reflect, whether the suspect in an identification procedure is innocent or guilty.” (Wells, 2020, p. 1318), such as the eyewitnesses’ decision times, vocalized decision processes, confidence statements, etc.
reflector variables
variables réflectrices
reflector variable
variable réflectrice

Zhang, Y., & Hoffman, P. (2022, December 2). Taxonomic and thematic relations rely on different types of semantic features: Evidence from an fMRI meta-analysis and a semantic priming study. https://osf.io/mrvns
Zhang, Y., Mirman, D., & Hoffman, P. (2023). Taxonomic and thematic relations rely on different types of semantic features: Evidence from an fMRI meta-analysis and a semantic priming study. Brain and Language, 242, 105287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2023.105287
2023-06-13
Frank Arnould
Mirman, D., Landrigan, J.-F., & Britt, A. E. (2017). Taxonomic and thematic semantic systems. Psychological Bulletin, 143(5), 499–520. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000092 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-06-13
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
categorical relation
relation taxonomique
sémantique taxinomique
sémantique taxonomique
taxonomic semantics
« Les relations taxonomiques (ou relations catégorielles) se produisent lorsque deux concepts appartiennent à la même catégorie (par exemple, "chien" et "loup" sont tous deux des canidés). Les concepts taxonomiquement apparentés partagent généralement de multiples caractéristiques de couleur, de forme et d'autres caractéristiques sensorimotrices. » (Zhang et al., 2023).
“Taxonomic relations (or categorical relations) occur when two concepts belong to the same category (e.g., ‘dog’ and ‘wolf ’ are both canines). Taxonomically related concepts typically share multiple features in color, shape and other sensorimotor characteristics.” (Zhang et al., 2023).
categorical relations
relations taxinomiques
relations taxonomiques
taxonomic relations
relation taxinomique
taxonomic relation

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Langevin, S., Sauzéon, H., Taconnat, L., & N’Kaoua, B. (2009). Les fausses reconnaissances induites par les paradigmes DRM, MI et tâches dérivées. L’Année Psychologique, 109(4), 699‑729. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503309004059 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2022-01-12
Erroneous recognition of items that were not studied.
Reconnaissance erronée d'éléments qui n'ont pas été étudiés.

fausses reconnaissances
false recognition
fausse reconnaissance

Robin, F., Menetrier, E., & Bret, B. B. (2021, June 11). Effect of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and Misinformation paradigms. https://osf.io/zsh3b/
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Davies, D., & Loftus, E. F. (2007). Internal and external sources of misinformation in adult witness memory. In M. P. Toglia, J. Don Read, D. F. Ross, & R. C. L. LIndsay (Eds.), The Handbook of Eyewitness Psychology : Volume I: Memory for Events (1ʳᵉ éd., p. 195‑237). Laurence Erlbaum Associates. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
désinformation
désinformation post-évènementielle
information post-évènementielle
misinformation
post-event information
post-event misinformation
False information about an event.
Information erronée présentée au sujet après la phase d'étude et dont on évalue le rôle dans la création d'un faux souvenir en contaminant la mémoire.
informations post-évènementielles
informations trompeuses
information trompeuse
misleading information

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Wells, G. L. (1978). Applied eyewitness-testimony research: System variables and estimator variables. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36(12), 1546–1557. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.36.12.1546 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-06-26
variable systémique
Dans le cas d'un témoignage oculaire, variable sous le contrôle du système judiciaire (par exemple, les consignes données au témoin par le policier avant une parade d’identification).
In the case of an eyewitness testimony, a variable controlled by the legal system (for example, instructions given to the witness by the police officer in a suspect lineup).
system variables
variables du système
variables systémiques
system variable
variable du système

Frank Arnould
MacLeod, C. M., & Kampe, K. E. (1996). Word frequency effects on recall, recognition, and word fragment completion tests. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 22(1), 132–142. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.22.1.132
Popov, V., & Reder, L. (n.d.). Frequency effects in recognition and recall. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of memory. Oxford University Press. Retrieved July 27, 2022, from https://psyarxiv.com/xb8es/
Popov, V., & Reder, L. M. (2020). Frequency effects on memory: A resource-limited theory. Psychological Review, 127(1), 1–46. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000161
2017-12-04
2023-03-31
Frequency of occurrence of a word in a language.
Fréquence d'occurrence d'un mot dans une langue.

fréquence du mot
word frequency

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
Erroneous recall of items that were not studied.
Rappel erroné d'éléments qui n'ont pas été étudiés.
false recalls
faux rappels
false recall
faux rappel

Frank Arnould
2022-04-27
Smith, A. M., Toglia, M. P., & Lampinen, J. M. (Eds.). (2021). Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Toglia, M. P., Read, J. D., Ross, D. F., & LIndsay, R. C. L. (Eds.). (2007). The handbook of eyewitness psychology: Vol. 1. Memory for people. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Toglia, M. P., Read, J. D., Ross, D. F., & LIndsay, R. C. L. (Eds.). (2007). The handbook of eyewitness psychology: Vol. 2. Memory for events. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T., Mickes, L., & Fisher, R. P. (2018). Rethinking the reliability of eyewitness memory. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(3), 324–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691617734878 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-09-04
witness memory
witness testimony
A statement used to establish the veracity of a fact or event.
Déclaration permettant d’établir la véracité d’un fait ou d’un évènement.
témoignages
witness memories
witness testimonies
testimony
témoignage

Frank Arnould
Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2022-03-10
conservative criterion
critère de réponse
liberal criterion
response criterion
Dans la théorie de la détection du signal appliquée à la reconnaissance en mémoire, critère plus ou moins strict que se fixe le sujet pour décider ou non qu'un item est reconnu.
In signal detection theory applied to recognition memory, more or less strict criterion leading a subject to decide whether or not an item is recognized.
biais de réponse
response bias

Frank Arnould
Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : An update. Memory, 1‑6. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1873391
Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : How the mind forgets and remembers (2nd ed.). Houghton Miﬄin. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
error of commission
Dans un test de mémoire, erreur consistant à évoquer ou à reconnaître des éléments absents de la phase d'étude.
In a memory test, an error consisting of recalling or recognizing an item that was absent during the study phase.
commission errors
erreurs de commission
errors of commission
commission error
erreur de commission

Frank Arnould
Paivio, A. (1965). Abstractness, imagery, and meaningfulness in paired-associate learning. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 4(1), 32‑38. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(65)80064-0
Reilly, J., & Kean, J. (2007). Formal distinctiveness of high- and low-imageability nouns : Analyses and theoretical implications. Cognitive Science, 31(1), 157‑168. https://doi.org/10.1080/03640210709336988
2020-06-05
2021-09-06
Degré avec lequel un mot est capable de susciter une image mentale visuelle.
Extent to which a word is likely to evoke a visual mental image.
imaginabilité des mots
word imageability

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Lampinen, J. M., Neuschatz, J. S., & Cling, A. D. (2012). The psychology of eyewitness identification. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wells, G. L. (1978). Applied eyewitness-testimony research: System variables and estimator variables. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36(12), 1546–1557. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.36.12.1546 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
Dans le cas d’un témoignage oculaire, variable qui n’est pas sous le contrôle du système judiciaire et qui ne peut être qu'estimée.
In the case of eyewitness testimony, a variable that is not under the control of the legal system and must be estimated.
estimator variables
variables d’estimation
estimator variable
variable d’estimation

Neath, I. (2022, April 18). Re-Assessing Age of Acquisition Effects in Recognition, Free Recall, and Serial Recall. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/2CAGB
Frank Arnould
Elsherif, M. M., Preece, E., & Catling, J. C. (in press). Age-of-acquisition effects: A literature review. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001215
Macmillan, M. B., Neath, I., & Surprenant, A. M. (2021). Re-assessing age of acquisition effects in recognition, free recall, and serial recall. Memory & Cognition, 49(5), 939–954. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01137-6
2021-09-06
2023-09-04
Age at which a person learns a word.
Âge auquel un mot est appris.
age-of-acquisition
age of acquisition
âge d'acquisition

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Niveau d'association entre souvenirs. La force associative est souvent inférée à partir de la rapidité avec laquelle un souvenir est capable d’en susciter un autre. Plus le processus est rapide, plus la force entre les deux souvenirs est jugée élevée. Dans une tâche d’association verbale, la force associative peut aussi être inférée à partir des fréquences d’association entre un mot et les réponses qu’il induit.
The degree of association between memories. Associative strength is often inferred from the speed with which one memory is able to evoke another. The faster the process, the greater the strength between the two memories. In a verbal association task, associative strength can also be inferred from the frequency of association between a word and the responses it elicits.
associative strength
force associative

Frank Arnould
Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
Dans la théorie de la détection du signal appliquée à la reconnaissance, reconnaissance correcte d'un élément qui a été étudié.
In signal detection theory applied to recognition memory, correct recognition of an item that has been studied.
détections correctes
hits
détection correcte
hit

Frank Arnould
Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : An update. Memory, 1‑6. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1873391
Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : How the mind forgets and remembers (2nd ed.). Houghton Miﬄin. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
error of omission
Dans un test de mémoire, erreur consistant à ne pas se souvenir d'éléments présentés pendant la phase d'étude.
In a memory test, an error consisting of not recalling items presented during the study phase.
erreurs d'omission
errors of omission
omission errors
erreur d'omission
omission error

Frank Arnould
Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
fausse alerte
Dans la théorie de la détection du signal appliquée à la reconnaissance, une fausse alarme consiste à reconnaître par erreur une information qui n'a pas été présentée lors de l'étude. Avec les détections correctes, les fausses alarmes sont à la base du calcul des indices d' et ß et de la constitution des courbes ROC.
In signal detection theory applied to recognition, a false alarm consists of mistakenly recognizing information that was not presented during the study. With hits, false alarms are the basis for the calculation of the d' and ß indices and the construction of ROC curves.
false alarms
fausses alarmes
fausses alertes
false alarm
fausse alarme

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Format used by some authors to describe the knowledge stored in memory, especially in procedural memory. A production rule is a conditional rule of the type IF condition THEN action: when a condition is satisfied, then a particular action is performed.
Format utilisé par certains auteurs pour décrire les connaissances stockées en mémoire, plus spécifiquement dans la mémoire procédurale. Une règle de production est une règle conditionnelle du type SI condition ALORS action : lorsqu'une condition est satisfaite, alors exécuter une action particulière.

production rules
règles de production
production rule
règle de production

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
Dans un réseau sémantique, un nœud correspond à un concept.
In a semantic network, a node corresponds to a concept.
nodes
nœuds
node
nœud

Frank Arnould
Vernant, D. (2011). Introduction à la logique standard. Flammarion.
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Issue de la logique, la notion de proposition est utilisée par des chercheurs en psychologie cognitive pour caractériser un format abstrait des représentations mentales en mémoire. Une proposition est considérée comme la plus petite unité qui peut avoir une valeur de vérité, autrement dit, dont on peut dire qu'elle est soit vraie, soit fausse. Une proposition est constituée d'un prédicat (que l'on peut définir rapidement comme ce qui est nié ou bien affirmé) et un ou plusieurs arguments.
The term proposition is used by researchers in cognitive psychology to refer to an abstract format of mental representations in memory. A proposition is considered to be the smallest unit that can have a truth value, that is, that can be said to be either true or false. A proposition consists of a predicate (what is denied or affirmed) and one or more arguments.

propositions
propositions
proposition
proposition

Frank Arnould
Goodman, N. (1955). Facts, fictions, and forecasts. Harvard University Press. http://fitelson.org/probability/goodman_fact_fiction_and_forecast.pdf
Hildebrand, T. (2023). Laws of nature. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009109949
Kahana, M. J., Diamond, N. B., & Aka, A. (in press). Laws of human memory. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), Oxford handbook of human memory. Oxford University Press.
Roediger, III, H. L. (2008). Relativity of remembering: Why the laws of memory vanished. Annual Review of Psychology, 59(1), 225-254. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190139
Teigen, K. H. (2002). One hundred years of laws in Psychology. The American Journal of Psychology, 115(1), 103-118. https://doi.org/10.2307/1423676
2021-08-10
2023-09-04
Empirical regularity or functional relationship established between variables, ideally universal (i.e., independent of time and space, culture), linked to more general principles and thus having explanatory power, preferably expressible in quantitative terms (Roediger, 2008; Teigen, 2002). A law must also support counterfactuals (Goodman, 1955).
Régularité empirique ou relation fonctionnelle établie entre variables, idéalement universelle (c'est-à-dire, indépendante du temps et de l'espace, de la culture), prioritaire sur les observations, connectée à des principes plus généraux et ayant ainsi un pouvoir explicatif, exprimable de préférence de manière quantitative (Roediger, 2008 ; Teigen, 2002). Une loi doit également supporter des conditionnels contrefactuels (Goodman, 1955).
L'existence de lois en psychologie, et en particulier dans le domaine de la mémoire, fait l'objet de débats.
The existence of laws in psychology, and in particular in the field of memory, is controversial.
laws
lois
law
loi

Frank Arnould
Barberousse, A., Kistler, M., & Ludwig, P. (2000). La philosophie des sciences au XXe siècle. Flammarion.
Frigg, R. (2022). Models and theories : A philosophical inquiry. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003285106
2017-12-04
2023-09-04
cadre théorique
theoretical framework
"[...] logically organized version of the discourses that scientists hold, at a given time, about the phenomena they are trying to explain." (Barberousse et al., 2000, p. 199).
« […] version logiquement ordonnée des discours que tiennent les scientifiques, à un moment donné, sur les phénomènes qu’ils essaient d’expliquer. » (Barberousse et al., 2000, p. 199).

cadres théoriques
theoretical frameworks
theories
théories
theory
théorie

Frank Arnould
Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2009). Principles of memory. Psychology Press.
2021-07-15
2023-09-04
"[...] a well-established regularity that is independent of a particular task or paradigm or situation and independent or not reliant on a particular theory or theoretical orientation" (Surprenant & Neath, 2009, p. 6)
« […] régularité établie, indépendante d’une tâche particulière, d’un paradigme ou d’une situation et indépendante d’une théorie particulière ou d’une orientation théorique » (Surprenant & Neath, 2009, p. 6).
principes
principles
principe
principle

Frank Arnould
Frigg, R. (2023). Models and theories : A philosophical inquiry. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003285106
Frigg, R., & Hartmann, S. (2020). Models in science. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2020). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2020/entries/models-science/
Frigg, R., Nguyen, J., & Zalta, E. N. (2016). Scientific representation. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2020/entries/scientific-representation/
Tiberghien, G. (1988). Modèles d’activités cognitives. In J.-P. Caverni, C. Bastien, P. Mendelsohn, & G. Tiberghien (Eds.), Psychologie cogntiive: Modèles et méthodes (pp. 13–26). PUG.
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
"Unité de représentation en science" (Frigg & Nguyen, 2016).
"representational units of science" (Frigg & Nguyen, 2016).

models
modèles
model
modèle

Frank Arnould
2021-06-04
2022-03-30
hypothesis
hypothèse
An information content entity that expresses an assertion that is intended to be tested. (source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0001908)
Une entité de contenu d'information qui exprime une assertion destinée à être testée. (source : http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0001908 )

hypotheses
hypothèses
hypothèses testables
testable hypotheses
hypothèse testable
testable hypothesis

Frank Arnould
Anderson, J. R., & Schooler, L. J. (1991). Reflections of the environment in memory. Psychological Science, 2(6), 396–408. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00174.x
Rubin, D. C., & Wenzel, A. E. (1996). One hundred years of forgetting: A quantitative description of retention. Psychological Review, 103(4), 734–760. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.103.4.734
Wickelgren, W. A. (1974). Single-trace fragility theory of memory dynamics. Memory & Cognition, 2(4), 775–780. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198154
Wixted, J. T., & Carpenter, S. K. (2007). The Wickelgren power law and the Ebbinghaus savings function. Psychological Science, 18(2), 133–134. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01862.x
Wixted, J. T., & Ebbesen, E. B. (1991). On the form of forgetting. Psychological Science, 2(6), 409–415. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00175.x
Wixted, J. T., & Ebbesen, E. B. (1997). Genuine power curves in forgetting: A quantitative analysis of individual subject forgetting functions. Memory & Cognition, 25(5), 731–739. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211316
2021-08-11
2023-03-15
loi de puissance
power law
A mathematical function that describes the evolution of forgetting over time, especially the fact that forgetting is rapid after learning and slows down as time passes. It takes the form Y = at⁻ᵇ in which y is the memory performance, t is the elapsed time, b is the forgetting rate and a is a scaling parameter.
Fonction mathématique permettant de décrire l’évolution de l’oubli avec le temps, tout particulièrement le fait que l'oubli est rapide après l'apprentissage et ralentit plus le temps passe. Elle est de la forme Y = at⁻ᵇ, où y représente la performance de la mémoire, t, le temps écoulé, b le taux d'oubli et a, un paramètre d'échelle.
fonction de puissance
loi puissance
fonction puissance
power function

Frank Arnould
McElree, B., & Dosher, B. A. (1989). Serial position and set size in short-term memory: The time course of recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118(4), 346–373. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-3445.118.4.346
2017-12-04
2022-03-30
speed-accuracy trade-off function
Fonction décrivant la relation entre la vitesse de traitement (par exemple, le temps pour reconnaitre un item) et la précision des souvenirs (par exemple, la capacité à distinguer les items anciens des items nouveaux dans un test de reconnaissance). Lorsque le temps de traitement est extrêmement court, la précision est mauvaise puis s'améliore au fur et à mesure qu'il s'allonge jusqu'à atteindre une asymptote.
Function describing the relationship between the speed of processing (for example, the time to recognize an item) and memory accuracy (e.g,, the ability to distinguish old items from new items in a recognition test).
SAT function
fonction SAT

Frank Arnould
Bousfield, W. A., & Sedgewick, C. H. W. (1944). An analysis of sequences of restricted associative responses. Journal of General Psychology, 30(2), 149–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.1944.10544467
2017-12-04
2022-04-07
A function describing the cumulative recall of items as a function of time, showing that the recall rate is higher at the beginning of the recall period and then slows down.
Fonction décrivant le rappel cumulé d'items en fonction du temps. Elle indique que le taux de rappel est plus élevé au début de la période de rappel puis ralentit.
cumulative recall function
fonction cumulative du rappel

Vaswani, A., Shazeer, N., Parmar, N., Uszkoreit, J., Jones, L., Gomez, A. N., Kaiser, L., & Polosukhin, I. (2017). Attention is all you need. arXiv:1706.03762 [cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762
2023-03-30
Frank Arnould
Bhatia, S., & Richie, R. (in press). Transformer networks of human conceptual knowledge. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000319 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
Informatics
Informatique
modèle auto-attentif
modèle d'auto-attention
self-attention model
transformer
transformer network
transformer neural network
"sequence transduction model based entirely on attention, replacing the recurrent layers most commonly used in encoder-decoder architectures with multi-headed self-attention." (Vaswani et al., 2017, p. 10).
« modèle de transduction de séquences entièrement basé sur l'attention, remplaçant les couches récurrentes les plus couramment utilisées dans les architectures encodeur-décodeur par l'auto-attention multi-têtes. » (Vaswani et al., 2017, p. 10).
transformer networks
transformer neural networks
transformers
transformeurs
transformer
transformeur

Derby, S., Miller, P., & Devereux, B. (2019). Feature2Vec: Distributional semantic modelling of human property knowledge (arXiv:1908.11439). arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1908.11439
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-13
Informatics
Informatique
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
"a computational framework that combines information from human-elicited property knowledge and information from distributional word embeddings, allowing us to exploit the strengths and advantages of both approaches. Feature2Vec maps human property norms onto a pretrained vector space model of word meaning. The embedding of feature-based information in the pretrained embedding space makes it possible to rank the relevance of features using cosine similarity" (Derby et al., 2019).
Adaptation de Word2Vec pour la modélisation des concepts en intégrant dans un même espace sémantique distributionnel les connaissances humaines sur les traits conceptuels.
Feature2Vec
Feature2Vec

Frank Arnould
Hebb, D. O. (1949). The organization of behavior: A neuropsychological theory. Wiley.
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
Hebbian learning
apprentissage hebbien
Learning rule in a neural network: when neurons are activated simultaneously, the synapses between these neurons are reinforced.
Règle d'apprentissage dans un réseau de neurones : quand des neurones sont activés en même temps, les synapses entre ces neurones sont renforcées.

apprentissages hebbiens
Hebb's rule
règle de Hebb

Frank Arnould
Abdi, H. (1994). Les réseaux de neurones. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble.
Rumelhart, D. E., Hinton, G. E., & Williams, R. J. (1986). Learning internal representations by error propagation. In D. E. Rumelhart & J. L. McClelland (Eds.), Parallel distributed processing. Vol. 1: Foundations (pp. 318–362). MIT Press.
2021-08-30
2023-09-04
règle delta généralisée
rétropropagation du gradient d’erreur
Learning rule in multilayer artificial neural networks. The error of the output neurons is propagated backwards through the layers of the network and the synaptic weights are fitted.
Règle d’apprentissage dans les réseaux de neurones artificiels multicouches. L’erreur des neurones de sortie est propagée vers l’arrière dans les couches du réseau et les poids sont ajustés.

rétro-propagation
backpropagation
rétropropagation

Frank Arnould
Pennington, J., Socher, R., & Manning, C. (2014). GloVe : Global vectors for word representation. Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), 1532‑1543. https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/D14-116
2021-06-09
Kumar, A. A. (2021). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(1), 40‑80. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-09-04
Global Vector for Word Representation
Algorithme d'apprentissage non supervisé pour le plongement lexical qui repose sur la factorisation d'une matrice mots-contextes.
Unsupervised learning algorithm for word embeddings that relies on the factorization of a word-context matrix.

GloVe
GloVe

Frank Arnould
Bellissens, C., Thérouanne, P., & Denhière, G. (2004). Deux modèles vectoriels de la mémoire sémantique: Description, théorie et perspectives. Le Langage et l’homme, 39(2), 101–121.
Jhean-Larose, S., & Denhière, G. (2019). Mémoire et langage : Apports de l’« Analyse de la Sémantique Latente » à l’étude du développement. Enfance, N° 3(3), 395‑411.
Landauer, T. K., & Dumais, S. T. (1997). A solution to Plato’s problem: The latent semantic analysis theory of acquisition, induction, and representation of knowledge. Psychological review, 104(2), 211–240. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.104.2.211
Landauer, T. K., Foltz, P. W., & Laham, D. (1998). An introduction to latent semantic analysis. Discourse processes, 25(2-3), 259–284.
Lemaire, B., & Dessus, P. (2003). Modèles cognitifs issus de l’Analyse de la sémantique latente. Cahiers Romans de sciences cognitives, 1(1), 55–74.
2017-12-04
2021-09-16
LSA
analyse de la sémantique latente
latent semantic indexing
Méthode statistique qui identifie les composants sémantiques sous-jacents des mots. Elle repose sur l'idée que les mots d'un corpus de textes apparaissant dans les mêmes contextes linguistiques ont des significations similaires.
Statistical method that identifies semantic components underlying words. It is based on the idea that words in a corpus of texts that co-occur in the same contexts have similar meanings.

analyse sémantique latente
latent semantic analysis

Frank Arnould
Iordan, M. C., Giallanza, T., Ellis, C. T., Beckage, N. M., & Cohen, J. D. (2022). Context matters : Recovering human semantic structure from machine learning analysis of large-scale text corpora. Cognitive Science, 46(2), e13085. https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13085
Mikolov, T., Chen, K., Corrado, G., & Dean, J. (2013). Efficient estimation of word representations in vector space. ArXiv:1301.3781 [Cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/1301.3781
2021-06-09
Kumar, A. A. (2021). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(1), 40‑80. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-09-04
Algorithm for word embeddings using a neural network with a hidden layer. The CBOW (continuous-bag-of-words) technique predicts a word based on its context. The skip-gram technique predicts the context of a word.
Algorithme pour le plongement de mots utilisant un réseau de neurones avec une couche cachée. La technique CBOW (continuous-bag-of-words) permet de prédire un mot en fonction de son contexte. La technique skip-gram permet de prédire le contexte d'un mot.

word2vec
word2vec

Frank Arnould
Durán, J. M. (2020). What is a simulation model? Minds and Machines, 30(3), 301‑323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-020-09520-z
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
computational modeling
computational modelling
modèle de simulation
modèle quantitatif
quantitative model
simulation model
Logical, mathematical or statistical model for describing or simulating cognitive activities.
Modèle logique, mathématique ou statistique permettant de décrire ou simuler des activités cognitives.

computational models
modèles computationnels
modèles de simulation
modèles quantitatifs
quantitative models
simulation models
computational model
modèle computationnel

Frank Arnould
Osgood, C. E. (1949). The similarity paradox in human learning: a resolution. Psychological Review, 56(3), 132-143. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0057488
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
A three-dimensional graphical representation of transfer and retroactive interference as a function of stimulus similarity and response similarity between lists.
Représentation graphique en trois dimensions du niveau de transfert et d'interférence rétroactive en fonction de la similarité des stimuli et de la similarité des réponses entre listes.
surface de transfert et de rétroaction
transfer and retroaction surface

2022-08-19
Frank Arnould
Brewer, N., Lucas, C., Sauer, J., & Palmer, M. (2021). Measuring the relationship between eyewitness identification confidence and accuracy. In A. M. Smith, M. P. Toglia, & J. M. Lampinen (Eds.), Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks (pp. 234–256). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003138105-14 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Mickes, L. (2015). Receiver operating characteristic analysis and confidence–accuracy characteristic analysis in investigations of system variables and estimator variables that affect eyewitness memory. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4(2), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2015.01.003 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T., & Wells, G. L. (2017). The relationship between eyewitness confidence and identification accuracy: A new synthesis. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 18(1), 10–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100616686966 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
2023-04-03
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
CAC curve
courbe CAC
A curve that indicates the relationship between the level of confidence that eyewitnesses express about the identification of a suspect and the accuracy of the identification (by taking into account the number of correct identification of a guilty suspect and the number of incorrect identification of an innocent suspect).
Courbe permettant d’évaluer la relation entre le niveau de confiance qu’expriment des témoins oculaires à propos de l’identification d’un suspect et la précision de l’identification (en prenant en compte le nombre d’identifications correctes d’un suspect coupable et le nombre d’identifications incorrectes d’un suspect innocent).
confidence-accuracy characteristic curve
courbe caractéristique confiance-exactitude

Murre, J. M. J. (2021, December 3). Ebbinghaus (1880) Replication. https://osf.io/6kfrp
Frank Arnould
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/2010). La mémoire : recherches de psychologie experimentale (trad. S. Nicolas). L'harmattan.
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/1913). Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology. Columbia University. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Ebbinghaus/index.htm
Fisher, J. S., & Radvansky, G. A. (2018). Patterns of forgetting. Journal of Memory and Language, 102, 130–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2018.05.008
Fisher, J. S., & Radvansky, G. A. (2019). Linear forgetting. Journal of Memory and Language, 108, 104035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2019.104035
Heller, O., Mack, W., & Seitz, J. (1991). Replikation der Ebbinghaus'schen Vergessenskurve mit der Ersparnismethode : «Das Behalten und Vergessen als Funktion der Zeit», 199(1), 3–18.
Murre, J. M. J., & Dros, J. (2015). Replication and analysis of Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve. PLOS ONE, 10(7), e0120644. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120644
Radvansky, G. A., Doolen, A. C., Pettijohn, K. A., & Ritchey, M. (2022). A new look at memory retention and forgetting. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(11), 1698–1723. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001110 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
Heller, O., Mack, W., & Seitz, J. (1991). Replikation der Ebbinghaus'schen Vergessenskurve mit der Ersparnismethode : «Das Behalten und Vergessen als Funktion der Zeit», 199(1), 3–18.
Murre, J. M. J., & Dros, J. (2015). Replication and analysis of Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve. PLOS ONE, 10(7), e0120644. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0120644
courbe de rétention
fonction de rétention
retention curve
retention function
Courbe montrant l’évolution de l’oubli avec le temps.
Curve representing the evolution of forgetting over time.

courbe d'oubli
courbes d'oubli
courbes de rétention
fonctions de rétention
forgetting curves
retention curves
retention functions
courbe d’oubli
forgetting curve

Frank Arnould
2021-06-02
Eakin, D. K., & Moss, J. (2019). The methodology of metamemory and metacomprehension. In H. Otani & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in human memory (p. 125‑153). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Courbe croisant la performance de la mémoire et le niveau de confiance que les sujets attribuent à leur performance mnésique. La courbe obtenue est comparée à la diagonale, qui représente le calibrage parfait. Une courbe située sous la diagonale indique un excès de confiance dans sa mémoire. Une courbe au-dessus de la diagonale indique un manque de confiance dans sa mémoire (d'après Eakin & Moss, 2019).
Curve plotting memory performance against the level of confidence that subjects attribute to their memory performance. The curve obtained is compared to the diagonal, which represents a perfect calibration. A curve below the diagonal indicates a tendency to be overconfident in one's memory. A curve above the diagonal indicates underconfidence in one's memory (after Eakin & Moss, 2019).
calibration curve
courbe de calibrage

Frank Arnould
Anzanello, M., & Fogliatto, F. (2011). Learning curve models and applications: Literature review and research directions. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics - INT J IND ERGONOMIC, 41, 573–583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2011.05.001
Bills, A. G. (1934). General experimental psychology. Longmans, Green and co.
Bryan, W. L., & Harter, N. (1897). Studies in the physiology and psychology of the telegraphic language. Psychological Review, 4(1), 27–53. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0073806
Ritter, F. E., & Schooler, L. J. (2001). Learning curve, the. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (pp. 8602–8605). https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/01480-7
2017-12-04
2022-03-30
acquisition curve
courbe d'acquisition
Graphical representation of learning evolution as a result of practice.
Représentation graphique de l'évolution d'un apprentissage avec la pratique.

acquisition curves
courbes d'acquisition
courbes d'apprentissage
learning curves
courbe d'apprentissage
learning curve

Frank Arnould
Deese, J., & Kaufman, R. A. (1957). Serial effects in recall of unorganized and sequentially organized verbal material. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54(3), 180–187. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040536
Jahnke, J. C. (1963). Serial position effects in immediate serial recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 2(3), 284–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(63)80095-X
Murdock, B. B. Jr. (1962). The serial position effect of free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 64(5), 482–488. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045106
Robinson, E. S., & Brown, M. A. (1926). Effect of serial position upon memorization. The American Journal of Psychology, 37(4), 538‑552. https://doi.org/10.2307/1414914
2021-07-15
2023-09-04
Courbe représentant la performance du rappel en fonction de la position des items dans la liste d’étude.
Curve indicating recall performance as a function of item position in the study list.
courbes de position sérielle
serial position curves
courbe de position sérielle
serial position curve

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Koen, J. D., Barrett, F. S., Harlow, I. M., & Yonelinas, A. P. (2017). The ROC Toolbox: A toolbox for analyzing receiver-operating characteristics derived from confidence ratings. Behavior Research Methods, 49(4), 1399–1406. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-016-0796-z [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Yonelinas, A. P., & Parks, C. M. (2007). Receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) in recognition memory: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 133(5), 800-832. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.5.800 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
MOC function
ROC function
courbe caractéristique de fonctionnement du récepteur
courbe caractéristique de la mémoire
fonction MOC
fonction ROC
fonction d’efficacité du récepteur
fonction isomnémonique
isomnemonic function
memory operating characteristics
receiver operating characteristic curve
réponse conservatrice
réponse libérale
Dans les expériences de reconnaissance, courbe croisant la proportion cumulative de reconnaissances correctes avec la proportion cumulative de fausses alarmes en fonction des différents niveaux d’un critère de réponse (le plus souvent, en fonction de différents niveaux de confiance subjective des sujets dans leurs réponses).
In recognition experiments, curve crossing the cumulative proportion of correct recognition with the cumulative proportion of false alarms for the different levels of response criteria (most often, according to various subjective confidence levels of the subjects in their responses ).

MOC functions
ROC curves
ROC functions
ROC functions
courbes ROC
fonctions MOC
fonctions ROC
fonctions d’efficacité du récepteur
fonctions isomnémoniques
isomnemonic functions
receiver operating characteristic curves
réponses conservatrices
réponses libérales
ROC curve
courbe ROC

De Landsheere, G. (1979). Dictionnaire de l’évaluation et de la recherche en éduction. Presses Universitaires de France.
Juslin, P., Olsson, N., & Winman, A. (1996). Calibration and diagnosticity of confidence in eyewitness identification: Comments on what can be inferred from the low confidence–accuracy correlation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22(5), 1304–1316. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.22.5.1304
Olsson, N. (2000). A comparison of correlation, calibration, and diagnosticity as measures of the confidence–accuracy relationship in witness identification. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(4), 504–511. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.4.504
2023-03-13
2023-03-17
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
coefficient de corrélation bisérielle de point
corrélation bisériale de point
corrélation bisérielle de point
Correlation between a dichotomous variable (e.g., identification or not of a suspect in a police lineup) and a quantitative variable whose values are considered as separate points (e.g., a confidence scale) (after De Landsheere, 1979).
Corrélation entre une variable dichotomique (par exemple l’identification ou non d’un suspect dans un tapissage de police) et une variable quantitative dont les valeurs sont considérées comme des points séparés (par exemple, une échelle demandant à un témoin d’évaluer la confiance dans ses jugements) (d’après De landsheere, 1979).
coefficient de corrélation bisériale de point
point-biserial correlation coefficient

Frank Arnould
2021-06-01
2023-09-04
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
Psychologie
Psychology
Percent of correct responses in a free or cued recall task.
Pourcentage de bonnes réponses dans une tâche de rappel libre ou indicé.
percent correct recall
pourcentage de rappels corrects

Frank Arnould
Abdi, H. (1994). Les réseaux de neurones. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble.
Rumelhart, D. E., Hinton, G. E., & McClelland, J. L. (1986). A general framework for parallel distributed processing. In D. E. Rumelhart & J. L. McClelland (Eds.), Parallel distributed processing (Vol. 1, pp. 45–76). http://cognet.mit.edu.insb.bib.cnrs.fr/pdfviewer/book/9780262291408/chap2
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
Dans les modèles connexionnistes, le poids représente la valeur de la force de connexion entre deux neurones.
In connectionist models, the weight represents the value of the connection strength between two neurons.

poids synaptiques
synaptic weights
poids synaptique
synaptic weight

Mak, M. H. (2022, April 5). Lexical connectivity effects in immediate serial recall of words. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/9KWYP
Frank Arnould
Mak, M. H., Hsiao, Y., & Nation, K. (2021)). Lexical connectivity effects in immediate serial recall of words. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 47(12), 1971–1997. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001089
2022-01-04
2023-09-04
« nombre d'associés d'un mot en association libre » (Mak et al., 2021, p. 1971).
“number of associates a word has in free association” (Mak et al., 2021, p. 1971).
centralité de degré
degree centrality

Frank Arnould
2021-06-02
Saraiva, R. B., Hope, L., Horselenberg, R., Ost, J., Sauer, J. D., & van Koppen, P. J. (2020). Using metamemory measures and memory tests to estimate eyewitness free recall performance. Memory, 28(1), 94‑106. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1688835 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-03-13
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
ANRI
ANRI
"The Adjusted Normalized Resolution Index (ANRI) represents how well confidence discriminates accurate from inaccurate responses, with higher values indicating better discrimination." (Saraiva et al., 2020, p. 95).
Mesure représentant la capacité que possède la confiance dans sa mémoire à distinguer les réponses exactes des réponses inexactes dans une tâche de mémoire, les valeurs plus élevées indiquant une meilleure discrimination. Adapté de Saraiva et al. (2020).
adjusted normalized resolution index
indice de résolution normalisé ajusté

Frank Arnould
De Landsheere, G. (1979). Dictionnaire de l’évaluation et de la recherche en éduction. Presses Universitaires de France.
Fleming, S. M., & Lau, H. C. (2014). How to measure metacognition. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00443
Nelson, T. O. (1984). A comparison of current measures of the accuracy of feeling-of-knowing predictions. Psychological Bulletin, 95(1), 109–133. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.95.1.109
2022-04-06
2023-03-13
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
coefficient de corrélation de point
coefficient phi
fourfold point correlation coefficient
phi coefficient
« Indice de la corrélation entre deux variables dichotomiques » (De Landsheere, 1979, p. 45).
“An index of the correlation between two dichotomous variables“ De Landsheere, 1979, p. 45).
coefficient de corrélation phi
phi correlation coefficient

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Banks, W. P. (1970). Signal detection theory and human memory. Psychological Bulletin, 74(2), 81-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029531 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-03-14
d prime
d prime
d' score
score d'
Dans la théorie de la détection du signal appliquée à la reconnaissance, l'indice d' permet d'évaluer la capacité du sujet à distinguer les items anciens (étudiés) des items nouveaux. Il s'agit donc d'un indice de discrimination correspondant à la distance entre la moyenne de la distribution de familiarité des items anciens moins celle des items nouveaux, divisée par l’écart-type de la distribution des items nouveaux. Plus l’indice est élevé, plus les items anciens sont distingués des items nouveaux.
In signal detection theory applied to recognition, the index is used to assess the subject's ability to distinguish old (studied) from new items. It is therefore an index of discrimination corresponding to the distance between the mean of the distribution of familiarity of old items minus that of new items, divided by the standard deviation of the distribution of new items. The higher the index, the more old items are distinguished from new items.
d' index
indice d'

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
délai de rétention
retention delay
Intervalle séparant la phase d'acquisition d'un matériel de la phase de test de la mémoire.
Temporal interval between study phase and the test of memory.
délais de rétention
intervalles de rétention
retention delays
retention intervals
intervalle de rétention
retention interval

Frank Arnould
Hurlstone, M. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2014). Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 339–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034221
2017-12-04
2021-08-09
Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, probabilité des erreurs de transposition en fonction du déplacement de l'item par rapport à sa position correcte.
In a serial recall task, probability of transposition errors depending on the location of the item relative to its correct position.
gradient de transposition
transposition gradient

Frank Arnould
Benjamin, A. S., & Diaz, M. (2008). Measurement of relative metamnemonic accuracy. In J. Dunlosky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Handbook of metamemory and memory (pp. 73–94). Psychology Press.
Fleming, S. M., & Lau, H. C. (2014). How to measure metacognition. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00443
Goodman, L. A., & Kruskal, W. H. (1954). Measures of association for cross classifications. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 49, 732–764. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-9995-0_1
Masson, M. E. J., & Rotello, C. M. (2009). Sources of bias in the Goodman–Kruskal gamma coefficient measure of association: Implications for studies of metacognitive processes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 35(2), 509–527. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014876
Nelson, T. O. (1984). A comparison of current measures of the accuracy of feeling-of-knowing predictions. Psychological Bulletin, 95(1), 109–133. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.95.1.109
Spellman, B. A., Bloomfield, A., & Bjork, R. A. (2008). Measuring memory and metamemory. In J. Dunlosky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Handbook of metamemory and memory (pp. 95–114). Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203805503.ch6
2022-04-06
2023-03-13
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
G coefficient
coefficient G
corrélation gamma
gamma correlation
A nonparametric measure of association between two ordinal variables, ranging from -1 to +1.
Mesure non paramétrique de l'association entre deux variables ordinales, variant de - 1 à +1.

Goodman-Kruskal gamma correlation coefficient
coefficient de corrélation gamma de Goodman-Kruskal

Frank Arnould
Donders, F. C. (1868/1969). On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychologica, 30, 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(69)90065-1
2018-11-06
2022-03-30
analyse chronométrique
chronometric analysis
chronométrie mentale
mental chronometry
Désigne les mesures temporelles des processus cognitifs et comportementaux.
Refers to temporal measures of cognitive and behavioural processes.
analyses chronométriques
chronometric analyses
chronometry
chronométrie

Frank Arnould
Coquin-Viennot, D. (1975). Recherche d’une organisation interne dans un ensemble de données. L’année Psychologique, 75(2), 575–597. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1975.28113
Roenker, D. L., Thompson, C. P., & Brown, S. C. (1971). Comparison of measures for the estimation of clustering in free recall. Psychological Bulletin, 76(1), 45–48. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031355
Senkova, O., & Otani, H. (2012). Category clustering calculator for free recall. Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 8(4), 292–295. https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0124-y
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
Adjusted Ratio of Clustering
Measurement of item clustering by semantic categories in free recall. The ARC scores range from -1 to +1, where 0 indicates a chance-level clustering, and +1 indicates a perfect clustering.
Mesure du regroupement des items par catégorie sémantique en rappel libre. Les scores ARC varient de -1 à +1, un score de 0 indiquant un niveau de regroupement qui n’est pas différent de celui attendu par le seul hasard et un score de +1 indiquant un regroupement parfait.
ARC index
indice ARC

Frank Arnould
Smith, J. D., & Minda, J. P. (2001). Journey to the center of the category: The dissociation in amnesia between categorization and recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(4), 984-1002. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.4.984
Smith, J. D., & Minda, J. P. (2002). Distinguishing prototype-based and exemplar-based processes in dot-pattern category learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(4), 800-811. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.4.800
2017-12-04
2022-03-07
Classement des concepts d’une catégorie en fonction de leur degré de typicalité.
Classification of concepts in a category based on their degree of typicality.
gradient de typicalité
typicality gradient

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
SOA
asynchronie d’apparition du stimulus
asynchronie d’installation du stimulus
Temps séparant le début d’un stimulus du début du stimulus qui lui succède.
The time elapsed between the onset of a stimulus and the onset of the next stimulus.

asynchronie de début de stimulation
asynchronie du début du stimulus
stimulus-onset asynchrony

Frank Arnould
2021-09-15
Lindsay, R. C., & Wells, G. L. (1985). Improving eyewitness identifications from lineups : Simultaneous versus sequential lineup presentation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 70(3), 556‑564. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.70.3.556 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
Psychologie
Psychology
rapport de diagnosticité
A measure corresponding to the ratio between the correct suspect identifications and the mistaken (innocent) suspect identifications.
Dans les recherches sur l'identification de suspects par des témoins oculaires, mesure correspondant au rapport entre les identifications correctes de suspects coupables et les identifications erronées de suspects innocents.
diagnosticity ratio
ratio de diagnosticité

Padilla, L. (2019, October 22). Toward Objective Evaluation of Working Memory in Visualizations: A Case Study Using Pupillometry and a Dual-Task Paradigm. https://osf.io/6u8em/
Robison, M. K., & Unsworth, N. (2018, October 22). Pupillometry tracks fluctuations in working memory performance. https://osf.io/vuw9h/
Wilschut, T., & Mathot, S. (2021, October 19). Interactions Between Visual Working Memory, Attention, and Color Categories: a Pupillometry Study. https://osf.io/qksfh/
Frank Arnould
El Haj, M., Janssen, S. M. J., Lenoble, Q., Robin, F., & Gallouj, K. (2022). The eyes of the past: Larger pupil size for autobiographical memories retrieved from field perspective. Neurological Sciences, 43(1), 661–666. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05297-w
Goldinger, S. D., & Papesh, M. H. (2012). Pupil dilation reflects the creation and retrieval of memories. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21(2), 90-95. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412436811
Mathôt, S., & Vilotijević, A. (in press). Methods in cognitive pupillometry: Design, preprocessing, and statistical analysis. Behavior Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-022-01957-7
Sirois, S., & Brisson, J. (2014). Pupillometry. WIREs Cognitive Science, 5(6), 679–692. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1323
Taikh, A., & Bodner, G. E. (2022). Pupil dilation during recognition reflects the subjective recollection/familiarity experience at test rather than the level of processing at encoding. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000283
2017-12-04
2022-09-02
diamètre pupillaire
dilatation pupillaire
pupil change
pupil diameter
pupil dilatation
pupil dilation
Measurement of pupil dilation. The pupil dilates during a cognitive effort, and so pupillometry is used by some research teams as an index of memory processes.
Mesure de la dilatation de la pupille. La pupille se dilatant au cours d'un effort cognitif, la pupillométrie est utilisée par certaines équipes de recherche comme un indice de processus mnésiques.

pupil changes
pupil diameters
pupil dilatations
pupillary
pupillometry
pupillométrie

Frank Arnould
Barrett, A. B., Dienes, Z., & Seth, A. K. (2013). Measures of metacognition on signal-detection theoretic models. Psychological Methods, 18(4), 535–552. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033268
Maniscalco, B., & Lau, H. (2012). A signal detection theoretic approach for estimating metacognitive sensitivity from confidence ratings. Consciousness and Cognition, 21(1), 422–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2011.09.021
Maniscalco, B., & Lau, H. (2014). Signal detection theory analysis of Type 1 and Type 2 data: Meta-d′, response-specific meta-d′, and the unequal variance SDT model. In S. M. Fleming & C. D. Frith (Eds.), The Cognitive Neuroscience of Metacognition (pp. 25–66). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45190-4_3
2022-04-06
2023-09-04
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
﻿﻿Probability / Statistics
A measure of metacognitive sensitivity based on signal detection theory.
Mesure de la sensibilité métacognitive basée sur la théorie de la détection du signal.
meta-d'
méta-d'

Frank Arnould
Gathercole, S. E., Frankish, C. R., Pickering, S. J., & Peaker, S. (1999). Phonotactic influences on short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25(1), 84‑95. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.25.1.84
2017-12-04
2022-03-30
Frequency of occurrence of a phoneme combination in a language.
Fréquence d’apparition d’une combinaison de phonèmes dans une langue.
For example, Gathercole et al. (1999) showed in 7- to 8-year-olds that short-term serial recall is better for non-words containing frequent phoneme combinations in English than for less frequent combinations.
Gathercole et al. (1999) ont montré, chez des enfants de 7 à 8 ans, que le rappel sériel à court terme est meilleur pour des non-mots contenant des combinaisons de phonèmes fréquentes en anglais que pour des combinaisons moins fréquentes.
fréquence phonotactique
phonotactic frequency

Frank Arnould
Manoochehri, M. (2021). Up to the magical number seven : An evolutionary perspective on the capacity of short term memory. Heliyon, 7(5), e06955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06955
Oberauer, K., Farrell, S., Jarrold, C., & Lewandowsky, S. (2016). What limits working memory capacity? Psychological Bulletin, 142(7), 758–799. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000046
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
capacité de stockage
limited capacity storage
memorial capacity
storage capacity
Nombre d’éléments ou de groupes d’éléments que la mémoire (à court terme, en général) peut contenir.
The number of items or chunks of items that can be stored in memory (usually in short-term memory).

capacités de stockage
capacité de la mémoire
memory capacity

Murre, J. M. J. (2022, June 16). Savings is a “pure” measure of memory. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/XTFND
Frank Arnould
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/1913). Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology. Columbia University. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Ebbinghaus/index.htm
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/2010). La mémoire : recherches de psychologie experimentale (trad. S. Nicolas). L'harmattan.
Murre, J. M. J., & Chessa, A. G. (2023). Why Ebbinghaus’ savings method from 1885 is a very ‘pure’ measure of memory performance. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 30(1), 303‑307. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02172-3
Nelson, T. O. (1985). Ebbinghaus’s contribution to the measurement of retention: Savings during relearning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11(3), 472–479. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.11.3.472
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Method developed by Hermann Ebbinghaus (1885), consisting in comparing the relearning of a material with its initial learning.
Méthode élaborée par Hermann Ebbinghaus (1885). Elle consiste à comparer le réapprentissage d'un matériel avec son apprentissage initial. Le pourcentage d'économie se calcule de la façon suivante : % E = (Ei - Er/Ei) X 100, où Ei est le nombre d'essais de l'apprentissage initial et Er, le nombre d'essais du réapprentissage. Le nombre d'essais peut être remplacé par la durée de l'apprentissage et du réapprentissage. L’économie permet donc de mesurer la rétention d’un matériel en fonction du nombre d’essais ou du temps nécessaire pour le réapprendre.
méthode d'économie
saving method

Frank Arnould
Olsson, N. (2000). A comparison of correlation, calibration, and diagnosticity as measures of the confidence–accuracy relationship in witness identification. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(4), 504–511. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.4.504
2017-12-04
2023-03-13
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
﻿﻿Probability / Statistics
calibrage
Ensemble de méthodes statistiques permettant d’étudier la relation entre le niveau de confiance que des personnes attribuent à leurs souvenirs avec la performance réelle de leur mémoire.
Statistical methods to study the relationship between the level of confidence that people attribute to their memories with the actual performance of their memory.
calibration
calibration

Frank Arnould
Hodos, W. (1970). Nonparametric index of response bias for use in detection and recognition experiments. Psychological Bulletin, 74(5), 351‑354. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029933
2022-03-10
2023-09-04
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
B prime prime
B" index
indice B"
Dans la théorie de la détection du signal, mesure nonparamétrique du biais de réponse.
In signal detection theory, nonparametric measure of response bias.
B" measure
mesure B"

Frank Arnould
Pollack, I., & Norman, D. A. (1964). A non-parametric analysis of recognition experiments. Psychonomic Science, 1(1‑12), 125‑126. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03342823
Stanislaw, H., & Todorov, N. (1999). Calculation of signal detection theory measures. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 31(1), 137‑149. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03207704
2021-07-15
2023-09-04
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
Dans la théorie de la détection du signal, mesure non paramétrique de la sensibilité.
In signal detection theory, non-parametric measure of sensitivity.
A' measure
mesure A'

Lampinen, J. M., Smith, A. M., & Toglia, M. P. (2021). Eyewitness memory: The next 40 years. In A. M. Smith, M. P. Toglia, & J. M. Lampinen (Eds.), Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks (pp. 377–389). Routledge.
2022-08-23
Frank Arnould
2023-03-21
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
PPV
VPP
probative value
valeur probante
« Rapport entre les identifications correctes de suspects et toutes les identifications de suspects (correctes et incorrectes). » (Lampinen et al., 2021, p. 381).
“Ratio of correct suspect identifications to all suspect identifications (both correct and incorrect).“ (Lampinen et al., 2021, p. 381).
positive predictive value
valeur prédictive positive

Frank Arnould
2022-03-10
Banks, W. P. (1970). Signal detection theory and human memory. Psychological Bulletin, 74(2), 81-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029531 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
Psychologie
Psychology
beta index
beta measure
indice bêta
mesure bêta
mesure β
β measure
Dans la théorie de la détection du signal, mesure du biais de réponse.
In signal detection theory, measure of response bias.
indice β
β index

Frank Arnould
Goranson, R. E., & Theodor, L. H. (1970). Optimal percent correct measures in recognition memory. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 31(3), 848‑848. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1970.31.3.848
2021-06-01
2023-09-04
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
Psychologie
Psychology
pourcentage de bonnes reconnaissances
Dans une tâche de reconnaissance, « proportion du nombre total d'items anciens et nouveaux correctement identifiés. » (Goranson & Thodor, 1970, p. 848).
In a recognition task, "proportion of the total number of items (old and new) correctly identified." (Goranson & Thodor, 1970, p. 848).
percent correct recognition
pourcentage de reconnaissances correctes

Frank Arnould
McConkie, G. W., & Rayner, K. (1975). The span of the effective stimulus during a fixation in reading. Perception & Psychophysics, 17(6), 578–586. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03203972
McConkie, G. W., & Rayner, K. (1976). Asymmetry of the perceptual span in reading. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 8(5), 365–368. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03335168
2017-12-04
2022-03-07
champ de vision effective
empan visuel
field of effective vision
visual span
Nombre d'éléments qu'une personne est capable de percevoir après un temps d'exposition très court (quelques millisecondes).
Number of items that a person is able to perceive after a very short exposure time (a few milliseconds).
empan perceptif
perceptual span

Frank Arnould
Kenett, Y. N., Levi, E., Anaki, D., & Faust, M. (2017). The semantic distance task: Quantifying semantic distance with semantic network path length. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(9), 1470–1489. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000391
Rips, L. J., Shoben, E. J., & Smith, E. E. (1973). Semantic distance and the verification of semantic relations. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(73)80056-8
2017-12-04
2022-03-07
parenté sémantique
semantic relatedness
semantic similarity
similarité sémantique
Measure of relatedness between concepts in semantic memory.
Mesure de la parenté entre concepts en mémoire sémantique.

distances sémantiques
semantic distances
semantic similarities
similarités sémantiques
distance sémantique
semantic distance

Frank Arnould
2021-06-04
2023-09-04
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
Psychologie
Psychology
cHR
Difference between hit rate and false alarm rate (hit rate - false alarm rate).
Différence entre le taux de détections correctes et le taux de fausses alarmes.
corrected hit probability
probabilité corrigée de détections correctes

Frank Arnould
Horner, A. J., & Burgess, N. (2013). The associative structure of memory for multi-element events. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 142(4), 1370-1383. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033626
2020-06-12
2022-03-07
Measurement of the “probability of successfully retrieving one element from an event should be related to the probability of successfully retrieving another element from the same event.“ (Horner & Burgess, 2013, p. 1370).
Mesure de la « probabilité que la récupération réussie d’un élément est reliée à la probabilité de récupération réussie d’un autre élément du même évènement. » (Horner & Burgess, 2013, p. 1370-1383)
retrieval dependency
récupération dépendante

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
Indice de récupération qui n'a pas été présenté lors de la phase d'étude.
Retrieval cue not presented during the study phase.
extra-list cues
indices hors-liste
extra-list cue
indice hors-liste

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Indice de récupération qui a été présenté au cours de la phase d'étude avec les items cibles à récupérer.
Retrieval cue presented during the study phase.
indices intra-liste
intra-list cues
indice intra-liste
intra-list cue

Frank Arnould
Cleary, A. M., Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (2019). Dependent measures in memory research: From free recall to recognition. In Handbook of research methods in human memory (pp. 19–35). Routledge.
2017-12-04
2022-03-31
A form of recall task: a cue is presented and the subject is asked to retrieve the associated information from memory.
Type de tâche de rappel : un indice est présenté et le sujet doit récupérer en mémoire l’information associée.
cued recall
cued recall tasks
rappel indicé
rappels indicés
tâches de rappel indicé
cued recall task
tâche de rappel indicé

Frank Arnould
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (1990). Normal aging and prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(4), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.717
Laera, G., Borghese, F., Hering, A., Kliegel, M., & Mioni, G. (in press). Aging and time-based prospective memory in the laboratory: A meta-analysis on age-related differences and possible explanatory factors. Memory, https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2191901
2017-12-04
2023-03-30
mémoire prospective basée sur le temps
mémoire prospective fondée sur le temps
time-cued prospective memory
En mémoire prospective, le terme désigne la récupération d’une intention programmée qui est déclenchée par un indice temporel (horaire ou après un certain temps écoulé).
In prospective memory, the term refers to the retrieval of an intention that is triggered by a temporal cue (after an elapsed time or at a specific time).

mémoire prospective temporelle
time-based prospective memory

Frank Arnould
Blaxton, T. A. (1989). Investigating dissociations among memory measures : Support for a transfer-appropriate processing framework. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(4), 657–668. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.4.657
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
graphemic cued recall test
test de rappel indicé graphémique
A cued recall task in which the words presented as cues during the recall test are physically similar to, but have no meaning in common with, the words being studied.(e.g., eager and eagle).
Les mots présentés comme indice pendant le test de rappel sont physiquement ressemblants aux mots étudiés, mais ne partagent aucun sens avec eux (par exemple, point et poing).
graphemic cued recall task
tâche de rappel indicé graphémique

Frank Arnould
Slamecka, N.J. (1968). An examination of trace storage in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 76(4, Pt.1), 504-513. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0025695
Slamecka, N.J. (1969). Testing for associative storage in multitrial free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 81(3), 557-560. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027909
2017-12-04
2022-03-16
paradigme d'indiçage partiel
part-list cuing paradigm
part-list cuing task
tâche de repérage de liste partiel
Experimental paradigm in which subjects are asked to study items and then use some of these items as cues to recall the other items. The memory of the remaining items is then impaired. Part-list cueing thus shows that retrieval cues do not always have a facilitating effect on memory. This effect has been demonstrated for words (related or not) as well as for images.
Paradigme expérimental consistant à demander aux sujets d'étudier des items puis d'utiliser une partie de ces items comme indices pour rappeler les autres items. La mémoire des items restants est alors détériorée. L'indiçage partiel montre donc que des indices de récupération n'ont pas toujours un effet facilitateur sur la mémoire. Cet effet a été démontré aussi bien pour des mots (liés ou non) que pour des images.
part-set cuing
part-set cuing task
tâche d'indiçage partiel

Frank Arnould
2021-08-16
Tulving, E. (1984). Précis of Elements of episodic memory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7(2), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X0004440X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
Information combinant une trace mnésique et un indice de récupération, produit du processus d’ecphorie.
Information combining a memory trace and a retrieval cue, product of the ecphory process.
ecphoric information
information ecphorique

Frank Arnould
2020-09-17
Anderson, M. C., & Hulbert, J. C. (2021). Active forgetting : Adaptation of memory by prefrontal control. Annual Review of Psychology, 72(1), annurev-psych-072720-094140. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-072720-094140 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-09-04
partial retrieval
récupération partielle
"process of retrieving a particular target memory, given a cue that is associated with many competing memory traces" (Anderson & Hulbert, 2021).
"processus de récupération d'un souvenir cible particulier, en réponse à un indice associé à de nombreuses traces mnésiques concurrentes" (Anderson & Hulbert, 2021).
récupération sélective
selective retrieval

Frank Arnould
Kessels, R. P. C., & Haan, E. H. F. (2003). Implicit learning in memory rehabilitation: A meta-analysis on errorless learning and vanishing cues methods. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 25(6), 805–814. https://doi.org/10.1076/jcen.25.6.805.16474
2017-12-04
2021-08-11
Memory rehabilitation method. The principle is to acquire information through cues and to vanish these cues until the patient can use the information acquired without their help.
Méthode de rééducation de la mémoire. Le principe consiste à faire acquérir des informations grâce à des indices puis à estomper ces indices jusqu'à ce que le patient puisse utiliser les informations acquises sans leur aide.
méthode d'estompage des indices
vanishing cues method

Hu, X., Cheng, L., Paller, K., & CHIU, M. H. (2020, February 7). Promoting memory consolidation during sleep: A meta-analysis of target memory reactivation. https://osf.io/kg8y3/
Frank Arnould
Nicolas Ribeiro
Hu, X., Cheng, L., Chiu, M. H., & Paller, K. (2019). Promoting memory consolidation during sleep : A meta-analysis of targeted memory reactivation. Psychological Bulletin, 146, 218‑244. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000223
Oudiette, D., & Paller, K. A. (2013). Upgrading the sleeping brain with targeted memory reactivation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 17(3), 142-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2013.01.006
Paller, K. A. (2017). Sleeping in a brave new world : Opportunities for improving learning and clinical outcomes through targeted memory reactivation. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 0963721417716928. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417716928
Rasch, B., Buchel, C., Gais, S., & Born, J. (2007). Odor cues during slow-wave sleep prompt declarative memory consolidation. Science, 315(5817), 1426‑1429. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1138581
Schouten, D. I., Pereira, S. I. R., Tops, M., & Louzada, F. M. (2017). State of the art on targeted memory reactivation: Sleep your way to enhanced cognition. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 32, 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2016.04.002
Squire, L.R. (2004). Memory systems of the brain: a brief history and current perspective. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 82(3), 171-177.
2017-12-04
2023-06-28
Sleep stages: Targeted memory reactivation is effective if applied during N2 and slow wave sleep (Hu et al., 2020).
Stades du sommeil : la réactivation ciblée de souvenirs est efficace si elle est appliquée pendant les phases de sommeil lent léger stade 2 (N2) et le sommeil à onde lente (Hu et al., 2020).
Test type: Targeted memory reactivation is observed in recall tasks and performance measures, but not in recognition, skin electrical conductance and subjective ratings (Hu et al., 2020).
Type d'apprentissage : la réactivation ciblée de souvenirs est efficace sur l'acquisition de souvenirs déclaratifs, l'apprentissage d'habiletés, mais pas sur le conditionnement (Hu et al., 2020).
Type de test : la réactivation ciblée de souvenirs s'observe dans des tâches de rappel et des mesures de performance, mais pas dans des tâches de reconnaissance, de conductance électrique de la peau et d'évaluations subjectives (Hu et al., 2020).
Type of learning: Targeted memory reactivation is effective on the acquisition of declarative memories, skill learning, but not on conditioning (Hu et al., 2020).
TMR
réactivation de mémoire ciblée
La réactivation ciblée du souvenir est une procédure expérimentale pour étudier la consolidation mnésique lors du sommeil. Elle consiste à exposer un sujet à des stimuli qui ont été associés à une situation lors de l’éveil, afin de renforcer la trace mnésique et améliorer sa réactivation ultérieure. Cette méthode est souvent utilisée en conjonction avec des enregistrements électrophysiologiques pour étudier les mécanismes sous-jacents à la consolidation de la mémoire (Nicolas Ribeiro).
Targeted memory reactivation is an experimental procedure to study memory consolidation during sleep. It consists of exposing a subject during sleep to stimuli that have been associated with a waking situation, in order to strengthen the memory trace and improve its subsequent reactivation. This method is often used in conjunction with electrophysiological recordings to study the mechanisms underlying memory consolidation (Nicolas Ribeiro).
réactivation ciblée du souvenir
targeted memory reactivation

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A. D., Eysenck, M. W., & Anderson, M. C. (2015). Memory. Psychology Press.
2021-07-05
2023-09-04
changement contextuel
contextuel change
"The gradual and persistent drift in incidental context over time, such that distant memories deviate from the current context more so than newer memories, thereby diminishing the former’s potency as a retrieval cue for older memories." (Baddeley et al., 2015, p. 240).
Déviation graduelle et persistante du contexte incident au fil du temps, de sorte que les souvenirs lointains s'écartent davantage du contexte actuel que les souvenirs plus récents, diminuant ainsi la potentialité du premier contexte à servir d'indice de récupération pour les souvenirs plus anciens (d'après Baddeley et al., 2015, p. 240).
changement de contexte
changements contextuels
changements de contexte
contextual changes
contextual fluctuations
fluctuations contextuelles
contextual fluctuation
fluctuation contextuelle

Frank Arnould
2021-08-16
Tulving, E. (1984). Précis of Elements of episodic memory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7(2), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X0004440X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
GAPS
GAPS
GAPS model
modèle GAPS
système de traitement abstrait et général
Conceptual model of remembering from episodic memory : “It is general in that it is meant to apply to remembering of events of all sorts; it is abstract in that the specific nature of its components is not specified; it is a processing system since its major components have to do with the activity and the functioning of the system rather than its structure; and it is a system in the sense of an ordered and reasonably comprehensive collection of interacting components whose assemblage constitutes an integrated whole.“ (Tulving, 1984, p. 229).
Modèle conceptuel de la remémoration en mémoire épisodique : « il est général en ce sens qu'il est censé s'appliquer à la remémoration d'événements de toutes sortes ; il est abstrait en ce sens que la nature spécifique de ses composantes n'est pas précisée ; c'est un système de traitement puisque ses principales composantes ont trait à l'activité et au fonctionnement du système plutôt qu'à sa structure ; et c'est un système au sens d'une collection ordonnée et raisonnablement complète de composantes en interaction dont l'assemblage constitue un tout intégré. » (Tulving, 1984, p. 229).
General Abstract Processing System Model
modèle du système de traitement abstrait et général

Frank Arnould
Watkins, O. C., &Watkins, M. J. (1975). Buildup of proactive inhibition as a cue-overload effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 1(4), 442–452. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.1.4.442
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
The likelihood of retrieving specific information is reduced when a memory cue is associated with a large amount of information.
Un indice mnésique associé à un grand nombre d'informations réduit la probabilité de récupérer une information particulière.
cue-overload principle
principe de la surcharge de l'indice

Frank Arnould
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (1990). Normal aging and prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(4), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.717
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
EB-PM
mémoire prospective basée sur l’événement
mémoire prospective fondée sur l’événement
En mémoire prospective, le terme désigne la récupération d’une intention programmée qui est déclenchée par un événement externe.
In prospective memory, the term refers to the retrieval of an intention triggered by an external event.

mémoire prospective évènementielle
event-based prospective memory
mémoire prospective événementielle

Nasreddine, Z. S., Phillips, N. A., Bédirian, V., Charbonneau, S., Whitehead, V., Collin, I., Cummings, J. L., & Chertkow, H. (2005). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: A Brief Screening Tool for mild cognitive impairment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53(4), 695–699. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-22
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Homme
Human
MoCa
MoCa
Brief neuropsychological test used particularly in diagnosing mild cognitive impairment. The test assesses attention, working memory, spatio-temporal orientation, language, executive and visuoconstructive functions, and short-term memory.
Test neuropsychologique bref utilisé notamment dans le diagnostic du déficit cognitif léger. L'épreuve évalue l'attention, la mémoire de travail, l'orientation spatio-temporelle, le langage, les fonctions exécutives et visuoconstructives et la mémoire à court terme.

Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Évaluation cognitive de Montréal

Frank Arnould
Reitan, R. M. (1955). The relation of the Trail Making Test to organic brain damage. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 19(5), 393‑394. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0044509
Reitan, R. M. (1958). Validity of the Trail Making Test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 8(3), 271‑276. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1958.8.3.271
2017-12-04
2023-08-23
Trail Making Test
Mental flexibility test. The subject is asked to connect a series of numbers with lines as fast as possible and in ascending order (part A). Then, the subject is asked to connect letters and numbers alternately in ascending order (1-A-2-B-3-C...) as fast as possible (part B).
Épreuve de flexibilité mentale. Le sujet est tout d'abord invité à relier le plus rapidement possible et par ordre croissant des nombres (partie A). Puis, il doit relier alternativement et par ordre croissant des lettres et des nombres (1-A-2-B-3-C...), sans lever le crayon et en allant le plus vite possible (partie B).

Test des tracés
Trail Making Test

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-02-22
batterie neuropsychologique
neuropsychological assessment
neuropsychological battery
neuropsychological testing
évaluation neuropsychologique
Test permettant de diagnostiquer les troubles psychologiques résultant de lésions du cerveau, voire de préciser la localisation des lésions.
Test used for the diagnostic of psychological disorders resulting from brain lesions, and even to specify the location of the lesions.

batteries neuropsychologiques
neuropsychological assessments
neuropsychological batteries
neuropsychological tests
tests neuropsychologiques
évaluations neuropsychologiques
neuropsychological test
test neuropsychologique

Frank Arnould
Kourtesis, P., Collina, S., Doumas, L. A. A., & MacPherson, S. E. (2021). An ecologically valid examination of event-based and time-based prospective memory using immersive virtual reality : The effects of delay and task type on everyday prospective memory. Memory, 29(4), 486‑506. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1904996
Kourtesis, P., Collina, S., Doumas, L. A. A., & MacPherson, S. E. (2021a). Validation of the Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL) : An immersive virtual reality neuropsychological battery with enhanced ecological validity. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 27(2), 181‑196. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617720000764
Kourtesis, P., Korre, D., Collina, S., Doumas, L. A. A., & MacPherson, S. E. (2020). Guidelines for the development of immersive virtual reality software for cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology : The development of Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL), a neuropsychological test battery in immersive virtual reality. Frontiers in Computer Science, 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2019.00012
2020-04-21
2023-09-04
VR-EAL
VR-EAL
A neuropsychological battery using an immersive virtual reality scenario to assess episodic memory, prospective memory, attention and executive functions.
Batterie neuropsychologique utilisant un scénario immersif en réalité virtuelle pour évaluer la mémoire épisodique, la mémoire prospective, l’attention et les fonctions exécutives.
Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab
Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab

Frank Arnould
Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2020). Les nouveaux chemins de la mémoire. Le Pommier.
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
déficit de la mémoire
déficit mnésique
détérioration de la mémoire
memory deficit
memory deterioration
memory failure
memory impairment
perturbation de la mémoire
perturbation mnésique
trouble mnésique
Altération des fonctions ou processus mnésiques.
Impairment in memory functions or processes.

déficits de la mémoire
déficits mnésiques
détériorations de la mémoire
memory deficits
memory deteriorations
memory disorders
memory failures
memory impairments
perturbations de la mémoire
perturbations mnésiques
troubles de la mémoire
troubles mnésiques
memory disorder
trouble de la mémoire

Frank Arnould
Chehrehnegar, N., Nejati, V., Shati, M., Rashedi, V., Lotfi, M., Adelirad, F., & Foroughan, M. (2020). Early detection of cognitive disturbances in mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review of observational studies. Psychogeriatrics, 20(2), 212–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12484
De Vita, D., Sagliano, L., & Trojano, L. (in press). Memory biases in Alzheimer’s disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. A systematic review and metanalysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 105277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105277
Flicker, C., Ferris, S. H., & Reisberg, B. (1991). Mild cognitive impairment in the elderly: Predictors of dementia. Neurology, 41(7), 1006–1006. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.41.7.1006
Joubert, S., Gardy, L., Didic, M., Rouleau, I., & Barbeau, E. J. (2021). A meta-analysis of semantic memory in mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychology Review, 31(2), 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-020-09453-5
Malone, C., Deason, R. G., Palumbo, R., Heyworth, N., Tat, M., & Budson, A. E. (2019). False memories in patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer’s disease dementia: Can cognitive strategies help? Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 41(2), 204–218. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2018.1513453
Petersen, R. C. (2004). Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity. Journal of Internal Medicine, 256(3), 183–194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01388.x
Petersen, R. C., Smith, G. E., Waring, S. C., Ivnik, R. J., Tangalos, E. G., & Kokmen, E. (1999). Mild cognitive impairment: Clinical characterization and outcome. Archives of Neurology, 56(3), 303. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.56.3.303
Ragueneau-Le Ny, M., & Medjahed, S. (2009). Évolution du concept de mild cognitive impairment. NPG Neurologie - Psychiatrie - Gériatrie, 9(49), 11-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npg.2008.04.006
2017-12-04
2023-06-06
MCI
déclin cognitif léger
déficience cognitive légère
déficit neurocognitif léger
trouble cognitif léger
trouble léger de la cognition
Cognitive and memory difficulties more severe than those encountered during normal aging, but without reaching dementia and without interfering with daily life. People with mild cognitive impairment are at higher risk for developing dementia.
Difficultés cognitives et mnésiques plus sévères que celles rencontrées au cours du vieillissement habituel, mais sans atteindre la démence et sans gêner la vie quotidienne. Les personnes présentant un déficit cognitif léger courent un risque plus élevé de développer par la suite une démencer.

déficit cognitif léger
mild cognitive impairment

Bainbridge, W. A., Pounder, Z., Eardley, A., & Baker, C. I. (2021, January 15). Quantifying Aphantasia through drawing: Those without visual imagery show deficits in object but not spatial memory. https://osf.io/cahyd
Keogh, R. (2021, July 30). VWM and aphantasia. https://osf.io/8r3eq
Frank Arnould
Arcangeli, M. (2023). Aphantasia demystified. Synthese, 201(2), 31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-022-04027-9
Blomkvist, A. (in press). Aphantasia: In search of a theory. Mind & Language. https://doi.org/10.1111/mila.12432
Dance, C. J., Ipser, A., & Simner, J. (2022). The prevalence of aphantasia (imagery weakness) in the general population. Consciousness and Cognition, 97, 103243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2021.103243
Dawes, A. J., Keogh, R., Andrillon, T., & Pearson, J. (2020). A cognitive profile of multi-sensory imagery, memory and dreaming in aphantasia. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 10022. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65705-7
Keogh, R., & Pearson, J. (2018). The blind mind : No sensory visual imagery in aphantasia. Cortex, 105, 53‑60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.10.012
Keogh, R., Pearson, J., & Zeman, A. (2021). Aphantasia : The science of visual imagery extremes. In J. J. S. Barton & A. Leff (Eds.), Handbook of Clinical Neurology (Vol. 178, p. 277‑296). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821377-3.00012-X
Milton, F., Fulford, J., Dance, C., Gaddum, J., Heuerman-Williamson, B., Jones, K., Knight, K. F., MacKisack, M., Winlove, C., & Zeman, A. (2021). Behavioral and neural signatures of visual imagery vividness extremes : Aphantasia versus hyperphantasia. Cerebral Cortex Communications, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.1093/texcom/tgab035
Monzel, M., Vetterlein, A., & Reuter, M. (in press). No general pathological significance of aphantasia: An evaluation based on criteria for mental disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12887
Zeman, A. Z. J., Della Sala, S., Torrens, L. A., Gountouna, V.-E., McGonigle, D. J., & Logie, R. H. (2010). Loss of imagery phenomenology with intact visuo-spatial task performance : A case of ‘blind imagination’. Neuropsychologia, 48(1), 145‑155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.08.024
Zeman, A., Dewar, M., & Della Sala, S. (2015). Lives without imagery – Congenital aphantasia. Cortex, 73, 378‑380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2015.05.019
Zeman, A., Dewar, M., & Della Sala, S. (2016). Reflections on aphantasia. Cortex, 74, 336‑337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2015.08.015
2021-07-06
2023-09-04
aphantasie congénitale
blind imagination
congenital aphantasia
defective revisualisation
visual irreminiscence
"condition of reduced or absent voluntary imagery" (Zeman et al., 2015, p. 379).
« Condition dans laquelle l'imagerie mentale volontaire est réduite ou absente » (Zeman et al., 2015, p. 379).

aphantasic
aphantasique
aphantasia
aphantasie

Bault, N., Chambon, V., Maionchi-Pino, N., Pénicaud, F.-X., Putois, B., & Roy, J.-M. (2011). Peut-on se passer de représentations en sciences cognitives ? (1er édition). De Boeck.
Pitt, D. (2022). Mental representation. In E. N. Zalta & U. Nodelman (Eds.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2022). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2022/entries/mental-representation/
2023-04-04
Frank Arnould
2023-04-05
Psychologie
Psychology
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
cognitive representation
représentation cognitive
An internal cognitive entity, permanent or transitory, that maintains a correspondence with a situation, object or event and can be used as a substitute for cognitive processing in their absence.
Entité cognitive interne, permanente ou transitoire, qui entretient un rapport de correspondance avec une situation, un objet ou un événement, et pouvant être utilisée comme substitut pour un traitement cognitif en leur absence.
cognitive representations
mental representations
représentations cognitives
représentations mentales
mental representation
représentation mentale

Apperly, I. A. (2012). What is “theory of mind”? Concepts, cognitive processes and individual differences. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(5), 825‑839. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.676055
Baron-Cohen, S., Leslie, A. M., & Frith, U. (1985). Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind” ? Cognition, 21(1), 37‑46. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(85)90022-8
Duval, C., Piolino, P., Bejanin, A., Laisney, M., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2011). La théorie de l’esprit : Aspects conceptuels, évaluation et effets de l’âge. Revue de neuropsychologie, 3(1), 41‑51. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.031.0041
Fu, I.-N., Chen, K.-L., Liu, M.-R., Jiang, D.-R., Hsieh, C.-L., & Lee, S.-C. (2023). A systematic review of measures of theory of mind for children. Developmental Review, 67, 101061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2022.101061
Gatti, D., Stagnitto, S. M., Basile, C., Mazzoni, G., Vecchi, T., Rinaldi, L., & Lecce, S. (in press). Individual differences in theory of mind correlate with the occurrence of false memory : A study with the DRM task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17470218221135178. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218221135178
Krupenye, C., & Call, J. (2019). Theory of mind in animals : Current and future directions. WIREs Cognitive Science, 10(6), e1503. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1503
Navarro, E. (2022). What is theory of mind? A psychometric study of theory of mind and intelligence. Cognitive Psychology, 136, 101495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2022.101495
Premack, D., & Woodruff, G. (1978). Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1(4), 515‑526. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00076512
Quesque, F., & Rossetti, Y. (2020). What do theory-of-mind tasks actually measure? Theory and practice. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 174569161989660. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691619896607
Wellman, H. M. (1990). The child’s theory of mind. The MIT Press.
2023-03-15
Frank Arnould
2023-04-14
Psychologie
Psychology
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
ToM
Aptitude à attribuer à soi-même et à autrui des états mentaux (désirs, croyances, intentions...) afin de prédire et d’expliquer les comportements.
The ability to attribute mental states (desires, beliefs, intentions, etc.) to oneself and others in order to predict and explain behavior.

theory of mind
théorie de l'esprit

Frank Arnould
Legg, S., & Hutter, M. (2007). A collection of definitions of intelligence. In B. Goertzel & P. Wang (Eds.), Advances in Artificial General Intelligence : Concepts, Architectures and Algorithms : Proceedings of the AGI Workshop 2006(p. 17‑24). IOS Press. http://arxiv.org/abs/0706.3639
Richelle, M. (1991). Intelligence. In R. Doron & F. Parot (Éds.), Dictionnaire de psychologie (p. 372‑373). Presses Universitaires de France.
Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.). (2020). The Cambridge handbook of intelligence (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108770422
2021-07-05
2023-09-04
aptitude intellectuelle
capacité intellectuelle
disposition intellectuelle
intellectual ability
intellectual capability
intellectual disposition
"Psychological function or collection of functions by which the organism adapts to its environment by implementing original combinations of behaviors, acquiring and exploiting new knowledge, and eventually reasoning and solving problems in a manner consistent with the rules derived from the formalizations of logic." (Richelle, 1991, p. 372).
« Fonction psychologique, ou ensemble des fonctions grâce auxquelles l’organisme s’adapte à son milieu en mettant en œuvre des combinaisons originales de conduites, acquiert et exploite des connaissances nouvelles, et éventuellement raisonne et résout les problèmes d’une manière conforme aux règles dégagées par les formalisations de la logique. » (Richelle, 1991, p. 372).
Il n'existe pas de définition standard de l'intelligence, bien qu'il existe des similitudes entre les différentes définitions.
There is no standard definition of intelligence, although there are similarities among the various definitions.

aptitudes intellectuelles
capacités intellectuelles
dispositions intellectuelles
intellectual abilities
intellectual dispositions
intelligences
intelligence
intelligence

Frank Arnould
Bastin, C., Simon, J., Kurth, S., Collette, F., & Salmon, E. (2013). Variabilité individuelle dans le fonctionnement de la mémoire épisodique au cours du vieillissement normal et pathologique : le rôle de la réserve cognitive. Revue de Neuropsychologie, Neurosciences Cognitives et Cliniques, 5(4), 235-242. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0278
Kalpouzos, G., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2008). Réserve cognitive et fonctionnement cérébral au cours du vieillissement normal et de la maladie d’Alzheimer. Psychologie & neuropsychiatrie du vieillissement, 6(2), 97-105. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2008.0120
Stern, Y. (2009). Cognitive reserve. Neuropsychologia, 47(10), 2015-2028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.03.004
Stern, Y., Albert, M., Barnes, C. A., Cabeza, R., Pascual-Leone, A., & Rapp, P. R. (2022). A framework for concepts of reserve and resilience in aging. Neurobiology of Aging, 124, 100-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.10.015
Villeneuve, S., & Belleville, S. (2010). Réserve cognitive et changements neuronaux associés au vieillissement. Psychologie & NeuroPsychiatrie du Vieillissement, 8(2), 133-140. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2010.0214
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
Cognitive reserve is a factor that modulates the clinical effects of brain damage. A person with high cognitive reserve is said to be better able to resist the disorders associated with brain damage.
La réserve cognitive est un facteur qui modulerait les effets cliniques de dommages cérébraux. Une personne dotée d'une réserve cognitive élevée résisterait ainsi mieux aux troubles associés à des lésions cérébrales. La réserve cognitive est conçue soit comme des différences dans le volume cérébral, le nombre de neurones ou de synapses (modèles passifs), soit comme des différences dans la capacité à mobiliser des processus cognitifs et neuronaux optimaux et compensatoires (modèles actifs).

réserves cognitives
cognitive reserve
réserve cognitive

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Anderson, B. (2011). There is no such thing as attention. Frontiers in Psychology, 2. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00246 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Anderson, B. (2023). Stop paying attention to “attention.” WIREs: Cognitive Science, 14(1), e1574. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1574 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Di Lollo, V. (2018). Attention is a sterile concept; iterative reentry is a fertile substitute. Consciousness and Cognition, 64, 45–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2018.02.005 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Fawcett, J. M., Risko, E. F., & Kingstone, A. (Eds.). (2015). The handbook of attention. MIT Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Hommel, B., Chapman, C. S., Cisek, P., Neyedli, H. F., Song, J.-H., & Welsh, T. N. (2019). No one knows what attention is. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 81, 2288–2303. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01846-w [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Kaldas, A. (2022). Attention: A descriptive taxonomy. History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 44(4), 63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40656-022-00538-3 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Krauzlis, R. J., Wang, L., Yu, G., & Katz, L. N. (2023). What is attention? WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(1), e1570. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1570 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Lachaux, J.-P. (2013). Le cerveau attentif. Odile Jacob. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Long, N. M., Kuhl, B. A., & Chun, M. M. (2018). Memory and attention. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Stevens’ Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience (1st ed., pp. 285–322). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119170174.epcn109 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Maquestiaux, F. (2017). Psychologie de l’attention (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Mole, C. (2021). Attention. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2021). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2021/entries/attention/ [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Mole, C., & Henry, A. (2023). What is attention? Adverbialist theories. WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(1), e1588. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1588 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Narhi-Martinez, W., Dube, B., & Golomb, J. D. (2023). Attention as a multi-level system of weights and balances. WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(1), e1633. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1633 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Tsotsos, J. K. (2019). Attention: The messy reality. The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 92(1), 127–137. [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Watzl, S. (2023). What attention is. The priority structure account. WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(1), e1632. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1632 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-03-17
Ability to focus on a selection of environmental stimuli or cognitive representations to improve their processing.
Capacité de focalisation sur une sélection de stimuli de l'environnement ou de représentations cognitives afin d'en améliorer le traitement.
Attention doesn’t have a commonly accepted definition. Many definitions exist in the scientific literature.
L'attention ne dispose pas d’une définition consensuelle. De nombreuses définitions existent dans la littérature scientifique.

attention
attention

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A., Eysenck, M. W., & Anderson, M. C. (2020). Memory (3rd ed.). Psychology Press.
Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2020). Les nouveaux chemins de la mémoire. Le Pommier.
Rossi, P. (2018). Neuropsychologie de la mémoire. De Boeck.
Schacter, D.L. (2007). Memory: delineating the core. In H.L. Roediger, Y. Dudai, & S.M. Fitzpatrick (Eds.) Science of memory: Concepts, (pp.23-27). Oxford University Press.
Tulving, E. (2000). Concepts of memory. In E. Tulving & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Memory (pp. 33–43). Oxford University Press.
2017-12-04
2022-05-14
disposition mnésique
fonction mnémonique
fonction mnésique
memory disposition
memory function
memory system
mnemonic function
mnesic function
système mnésique
Capability for encoding, storing and retrieving information.
Capacité d'encoder, stocker et récupérer des informations.
Le terme de mémoire pose des difficultés de définition. En 2000, le psychologue Endel Tulving a identifié plusieurs significations courantes de la notion dans la littérature scientifique. « (1) la mémoire en tant que capacité neurocognitive à coder, stocker et récupérer des informations ; (2) la mémoire en tant que magasin hypothétique dans lequel des informations sont stockées ; (3) la mémoire en tant qu’information dans ce magasin ; (4) la mémoire en tant que propriété de cette information ; (5) la mémoire en tant que composante de la récupération de cette information ; et (6) la mémoire en tant que conscience phénoménale d’un individu de se souvenir de quelque chose. » (Tulving, 2000, p. 36).
The concept of memory is difficult to define. In 2000, the psychologist Endel Tulving identified several frequently used meanings of the concept in the scientific literature.”(1) memory as a neurocognitive capacity to encode, store, and retrieve information; (2) memory a hypothetical store in which information is held; (3) memory as the information in that store; (4) memory as a property of that information; (5) memory as a componential of retrieval of that information; and (6) memory as an individual’s phenomenal awareness of remembering something.’”Tulving, 2000, p. 36).

dispositions mnésiques
fonctions mnémoniques
fonctions mnésiques
memories
memory dispositions
memory functions
memory systems
mnemonic functions
mnesic functions
mémoires
systèmes mnésiques
memory
mémoire

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
Capability of modifying behavior as a function of experience.
Capacité à modifier son comportement en fonction de l’expérience.

apprentissages
apprentissage
learning

Frank Arnould
Le Ny, J.-F. (2002). Langage. In G. Tiberghien (Éd.), Dictionnaire des sciences cognitives (pp. 152–153). Armand Colin.
Spector, B. (2018). Le langage. In T. Collins, D. Andler, & C. Tallon-Baudry (Éds.), La cognition : Du neurone à la société (p. 314‑370). Gallimard.
2017-12-04
2023-03-20
"Natural function, specific to human beings, which enables communication based on semantic representations, and which serves as a support for thought." (Le Ny, 2002, p. 152).
« Fonction naturelle, propre aux êtres humains, qui permet une communication fondée sur des représentations sémantiques, et qui sert de support à la pensée. » (Le Ny, 2002, p. 152).

langage
language

Frank Arnould
Aizawa, K. (2015). What is this cognition that is supposed to be embodied? Philosophical Psychology, 28(6), 755–775. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2013.875280
Barrett, L. (2011). Beyond the brain : How body and environment shape animal and human minds. Princeton University Press.
Brouillet, D. (2019). Agir pour connaître. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble.
Caramazza, A., Anzellotti, S., Strnad, L., & Lingnau, A. (2014). Embodied cognition and mirror neurons: A critical assessment. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 37(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-013950
Chemero, A. (2011). Radical embodied cognitive science. MIT Press.
Di Liberti, G. & Léger, P. (Éds). (2022). La cognition incarnée : un programme de recherche entre psychologie et philosophie. Mimesis.
Dokic, J., & Perrin, D. (Éds.). (2018). La cognition incarnée. Recherches sur la philosophie et le langage, 33. Vrin.
Farina, M. (2021). Embodied cognition: Dimensions, domains and applications. Adaptive Behavior, 29(1), 73‑88. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059712320912963
Fincher-Kiefer, R. (2019). How the body shapes knowledge : Empirical support for embodied cognition. American Psychological Association.
Foglia, L., & Wilson, R. A. (2013). Embodied cognition. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 4(3), 319-325. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1226
Gallagher, S. (2023). Embodied and enactive approaches to cognition. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009209793
Glenberg, A. M. (2010). Embodiment as a unifying perspective for psychology. WIREs Cognitive Science, 1(4), 586–596. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.55
Goldinger, S.D., Papesh, M.H., Barnhart, A.S. et al. (2016) The poverty of embodied cognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 23(4), 959‑978. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-015-0860-1
Ianì, F. (2019). Embodied memories : Reviewing the role of the body in memory processes. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(6), 1747–1766. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01674-x
Mahon, B. Z. (2015). The burden of embodied cognition. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale, 69(2), 172‑178. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000060
Mahon, B. Z., & Caramazza, A. (2008). A critical look at the embodied cognition hypothesis and a new proposal for grounding conceptual content. Journal of Physiology-Paris, 102(1‑3), 59‑70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphysparis.2008.03.004
Shapiro, L. (2014). The Routledge handbook of embodied cognition. Routledge.
Shapiro, L. (2019). Embodied cognition (2ᵉ éd.). Routledge.
Shapiro, L., & Spaulding, S. (2021). Embodied cognition. In E.N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2021). https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2021/entries/embodied-cognition/
Van Dam, W. O., Rueschemeyer, S.-A., Bekkering, H., & Lindemann, O. (2013). Embodied grounding of memory: Toward the effects of motor execution on memory consolidation. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66(12), 2310–2328. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2013.777084
Varela, F. J., Thompson, E., & Rosch, E. (2017). The embodied mind: Cognitive science and human experience (revised edition). The MIT Press.
Varela, F. J., Thomson, E., & Rosch, E. (1993). L’inscription corporelle de l’esprit : sciences cognitives et expérience humaine. Seuil.
Versace, R., Brouillet, D., & Vallet, G. (2018). La cognition incarnée : une cognition située et projetée. Mardaga.
Wilson, R. A., & Foglia, L. (2016). Embodied Cognition. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2016/entries/embodied-cognition/
Zwaan, R. A. (2021). Two challenges to “embodied cognition” research and how to overcome them. Journal of Cognition, 4(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.5334/joc.151
2017-12-04
2023-07-18
corporéïté
embodiment
encorporation
incarnation
Approach in cognitive science according to which cognition is grounded in sensory-motor systems, actions, the body and its interactions with the environment.
Approche en sciences cognitives selon laquelle la cognition est enracinée dans les systèmes sensori-moteurs, les actions, le corps et les interactions de celui-ci avec l’environnement.

cognition incarnée
embodied cognition

Kwon, S., Rugg, M. D., Wiegand, R., Curran, T., & Morcom, A. M. (in press). A meta-analysis of event-related potential correlates of recognition memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-023-02309-y
2023-03-17
Frank Arnould
Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-07-13
Psychologie
Psychology
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
Aptitude à décider si un stimulus a été rencontré dans le passé.
The ability to decide whether a stimulus has been encountered in the past.
mémoire de reconnaissance
recognition memory

Frank Arnould
Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Smith, D. G., & J, J. (2004). Testing theories of recognition memory by predicting performance across paradigms. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(3), 615–625. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.3.615
2017-12-04
2023-09-04
paradigme de reconnaissance
recognition paradigm
recognition test
test de reconnaissance
Dans une tâche de reconnaissance, le sujet est invité à discriminer, parmi un ensemble d’items, ceux qui ont été étudiés (items anciens) de ceux qui n’ont pas été étudiés (items nouveaux).
In a recognition task, the subject is asked to discriminate, among a set of items, those that have been studied (old items) from those that have not been studied (new items).

recognition
recognition tasks
recognition tests
reconnaissance
reconnaissances
tests de reconnaissance
tâches de reconnaissance
recognition task
tâche de reconnaissance

Frank Arnould
Jost, A. (1897). Die Assoziationsfestigkeit in ihrer Abhängigkeit von der Verteilung der Wiederholungen. Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane, 14, 436-472 https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_RgUDAAAAYAAJ/page/n445/mode/2up
Wixted, J. T. (2004). On common ground: Jost’s (1897) law of forgetting and Ribot’s (1881) law of retrograde amnesia. Psychological Review, 111(4), 864–879. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.111.4.864
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Jost's memory laws
Jost’s first law
Jost’s first memory law
Jost’s second law
Jost’s second memory law
lois de la mémoire de Jost
première loi de Jost
première loi de la mémoire de Jost
seconde loi de Jost
seconde loi de la mémoire de Jost
Laws formulated by Adolf Jost (1874-1908) in 1897. If two memory traces have the same strength, 1) repetition of the older trace will strengthen it more than repetition of the newer trace, and 2) the older trace will deteriorate less quickly than the newer trace.
Lois énoncées par Adolf Jost (1874-1908) en 1897. Si deux traces mnésiques ont la même force, 1) la répétition de la plus ancienne la renforce plus que la répétition de la plus récente et 2) la trace la plus ancienne se détériorera moins rapidement que la plus récente.
Jost's laws
lois de Jost

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-04-18

maintien en mémoire
memory maintenance
trace storage
Process for the retention of information in memory.
Processus ou système de conservation des informations en mémoire.

stockage
storage

Frank Arnould
Yonelinas, A. P. (2002). The nature of recollection and familiarity : A review of 30 years of research. Journal of Memory and Language, 46(3), 441‑517. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.2002.2864
2017-12-04
2023-03-17
Dans un test de reconnaissance, jugement de l’ancienneté d’un item (l’item a été étudié), sans être accompagné de la récupération d’éléments spécifiques du contexte de mémorisation.
In a recognition task, judgment that an item is old (studied) without recollection of the acquisition context, but with the feeling that the item is familiar.

familiarity
familiarité

Singmann, H., Kellen, D., Winiger, S., & Dunn, J. C. (2020, December 22). Testing the Foundations of Signal Detection Theory in Recognition Memory. https://osf.io/zw9yr/
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Banks, W. P. (1970). Signal detection theory and human memory. Psychological Bulletin, 74(2), 81-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029531 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Cohen, A. L., Starns, J. J., & Rotello, C. M. (2021). sdtlu: An R package for the signal detection analysis of eyewitness lineup data. Behavior Research Methods, 53(1), 278–300. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-020-01402-7 [Document type: software description / Access: open]
Egan, J. P. (1958). Recognition memory and the operating characteristic (Technical Note AFCRC-TN-58-51). Indiana University Hearing and Communication Laboratory. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Green, D. M. & Swets, J. A. (1966). Signal detection theory and psychophysics. Wiley. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Kellen, D., Winiger, S., Dunn, J. C., & Singmann, H. (2021). Testing the foundations of signal detection theory in recognition memory. Psychological Review, 128(6), 1022-1050. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000288 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Lee, J., & Penrod, S. D. (2019). New signal detection theory-based framework for eyewitness performance in lineups. Law and Human Behavior, 43(5), 436–454. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000343 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T. (2007). Dual-process theory and signal-detection theory of recognition memory. Psychological Review, 114(1), 152‑176. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.1.152 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T., & Mickes, L. (2014). A signal-detection-based diagnostic-feature-detection model of eyewitness identification. Psychological Review, 121(2), 262–276. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035940 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T. (2020). The forgotten history of signal detection theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 46(2), 201–233. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000732 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T., & Roediger III, H. L. (2023). Signal detection theory and eyewitness identification. In R. H. Logie, Z. Wen, S. E. Gathercole, N. Cowan, & R. W. Engle (Eds.), Memory in science for society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 63–92). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-08-21
SDT
TDS
modèle de la détection du signal
signal detection model
A mathematical model used to study the performance of recognition memory. In a recognition task, signal detection theory allows the assessment of the ability of subjects to discriminate between old (studied) and new items and the strategy used to make their decision (response bias or response criterion).
Modèle mathématique en psychophysique utilisé en psychologie de la mémoire pour étudier la performance de la reconnaissance. La théorie de la détection dusignal (TDS) permet d’une part d'apprécier la capacité de discrimination du sujet entre éléments à reconnaître (distinguer les éléments étudiés des éléments nouveaux) et la stratégie qu’il adopte pour prendre sa décision, son biais ou critère de réponse (critère libéral ou conservateur utilisé pour décider quand un item doit être reconnu ou non). La TDS suppose que la familiarité des items anciens (étudiés) est normalement distribuée, de même que la distribution des items nouveaux, sachant, qu’en moyenne, les items nouveaux dans un test de reconnaissance sont moins familiers que les items anciens.

modèles de détection du signal
signal detection models
signal detection theory
théorie de la détection du signal

Brown, N. R. (2005). On the prevalence of event clusters in autobiographical memory. Social Cognition, 23(1), 35–69. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.23.1.35.59194
Brown, N. R., & Schopflocher, D. (1998). Event clusters: An organization of personal events in autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 9(6), 470–475. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00087
Brown, N. R., & Schopflocher, D. (1998). Event cueing, event clusters, and the temporal distribution of autobiographical memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 12(4), 305–319. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199808)12:4<305::AID-ACP569>3.0.CO;2-5
2023-07-28
Frank Arnould
2023-07-28
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
"Event clusters are narrative–like memory structures that draw together information about events that are causally or thematically related" (Brown, 2005, p. 35).
« Les groupements d'événements sont des structures mnésiques de type narratif qui rassemblent des informations sur des événements causalement ou thématiquement liés » (Brown, 2005, p. 35).
event cluster
groupement d'événements

Frank Arnould
Kurby, C. A., & Zacks, J. M. (2008). Segmentation in the perception and memory of events. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12(2), 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2007.11.004
Ross, T. W., & Easton, A. (2022). The hippocampal horizon: Constructing and segmenting experience for episodic memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 132, 181–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.038
Zacks, J. M. (2020). Event perception and memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 165‑191. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419- 051101
Zacks, J. M., Speer, N. K., Swallow, K. M., Braver, T. S., & Reynolds, J. R. (2007). Event perception: A mind-brain perspective. Psychological Bulletin, 133(2), 273–293. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.273
2022-01-03
2023-09-04
Processus cognitif par lequel le flux continu d’informations est divisé en évènements discrets, délimités par des frontières.
The cognitive process by which the continuous flow of information is divided into discrete events, delimited by boundaries.
event segmentation
segmentation en évènements

Frank Arnould
Sutin, A. R., & Robins, R. W. (2007). Phenomenology of autobiographical memories: The Memory Experiences Questionnaire. Memory, 15(4), 390–411. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701256654
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Questionnaire d'expériences mnésiques
Questionnaire permettant d'évaluer dix propriétés phénoménologiques d'un souvenir épisodique : son niveau de vivacité (clarté et intensité visuelle du souvenir), de cohérence (récit logique dans le temps et l'espace), d'accessibilité (facilité d'accès au souvenir), sa perspective temporelle (clarté du moment où a été vécu l'évènement auquel fait référence le souvenir) et visuelle (perspective à la première ou à la troisième personne), niveau avec lequel les détails sensoriels sont revécus pendant la récupération du souvenir, son intensité et valence émotionnelles, niveau de distanciation (distance que le sujet prend par rapport à l'expérience décrite dans le souvenir) et de partage (partage de l'expérience décrite dans le souvenir avec d'autres personnes).
Questionnaire to assess ten phenomenological properties of a memory: its levels of vividness (visual clarity and intensity), coherence (logical story in time and space) and accessibility (easy access to the memory ), its temporal (clarity when the event described in the memory was experienced) and visual (perspective of the first or third person) perspective, the level with which sensory details are relived during the retrieval of the memory, its emotional intensity and valence, the level of distancing (distance the subject takes with the experience described in the memory) and sharing (sharing the experience described in the memory with other people).
Memory Experiences Questionnaire
Questionnaire des expériences mnésiques

Frank Arnould
Boyacioglu, I., & Akfirat, S. (2015). Development and psychometric properties of a new measure for memory phenomenology : The Autobiographical Memory Characteristics Questionnaire. Memory, 23(7), 1070‑1092. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2014.953960
2022-02-28
2023-09-04
AMCQ
AMCQ
Questionnaire d’évaluation des caractéristiques phénoménologiques des souvenirs autobiographiques : vivacité du souvenir, croyance en l'exactitude des souvenirs, détails temporels, détails du lieu, détails sensoriels, accessibilité, partage, perspective du souvenir, cohérence narrative, recollection (sensation de revivre l'expérience d'origine), implication personnelle de l'événement, valence émotionnelle, intensité émotionnelle, persistance émotionnelle, réactions viscérales, préoccupation pour les émotions et distanciation émotionnelle.
Questionnaire for assessing phenomenological characteristics of autobiographical memory: vividness, belief in accuracy, time details, place details, sensory details, accessibility, sharing, memory perspective, narrative coherence, recollection, personal implication of the event, emotional valence, emotional intensity, emotional persistence, visceral reactions, preoccupation with emotions and emotional distancing.
Autographical Memory Characteristics Questionnaire
Questionnaire des caractéristiques de la mémoire autobiographique

Desgranges, B., Faraut, E., Mondou, A., Eustache, F., & Laisney, M. (2018). La MEMO: Évaluation de l’impact de l’émotion sur la mémorisation d’informations verbales en mémoire épisodique: Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 10(3), 257–263. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2018.0471
Laisney, M., Pèlerin, A., & Eustache, F. (2023). Deux nouveaux indices évaluant l’effet de l’émotion sur la mémoire dans la MEMO: Illustrations cliniques: Revue de neuropsychologie, 15(1), 39–44. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2023.0745
2023-06-13
Frank Arnould
2023-08-21
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
MEMO
"an emotional memory test that separately evaluates the impact of emotion components (valence and arousal) on the memorization of new verbal information in episodic memory (anterograde component)." (Desgranges et al., 2018, p. 260).
« épreuve de mémoire émotionnelle permettant d’évaluer séparément l’impact des composantes de l’émotion (valence et intensité) sur la mémorisation d’informations verbales nouvelles en mémoire épisodique (composante antérograde). » (Desgranges et al., 2018, p. 260).
MEMO test
test MEMO

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Easterbrook, J. A. (1959). The effect of emotion on cue utilization and the organization of behavior. Psychological Review, 66(3), 183–201. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0047707 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Levine, L.J., & Edelstein, R.S. (2009). Emotion and memory narrowing: A review and goal-relevance approach. Cognition & Emotion, 23(5), 833–875. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930902738863 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Easterbrook's hypothesis
attentional narrowing hypothesis
cue-utilization hypothesis
hypothèse d'Easterbrook
hypothèse du rétrécissement attentionnel
Hypothèse selon laquelle le stress ou un niveau élevé d’éveil émotionnel provoquerait une réduction des informations qu’une personne peut traiter simultanément. Par conséquent, l'attention se focaliserait sur les indices les plus saillants et centraux au détriment des indices périphériques.
The hypothesis that stress or high levels of emotional arousal cause a reduction in the amount of information a person can process simultaneously. As a result, attention is focused on the most salient, central cues at the expense of peripheral cues.
Easterbrook's cue-utilisation hypothesis
attentional narrowing
cue-utilisation hypothesis
rétrécissement attentionnel
Easterbrook's cue-utilization hypothesis
hypothèse de l'utilisation des indices d'Easterbrook

Frank Arnould
Finn, B. (2010). Ending on a high note : Adding a better end to effortful study. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36(6), 1548‑1553. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020605
Kahneman, D., Wakker, P. P., & Sarin, R. (1997). Back to Bentham? Explorations of experienced utility. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(2), 375‑405.
2017-12-04
2021-12-03
utilité remémorée
Retrospective subjective assessment of the pleasure or displeasure associated with a past experience.
Évaluation rétrospective subjective du plaisir et du déplaisir associés à une expérience passée.
remembered utility
utilité mémorisée

Frank Arnould
Berthet, V., & Kop, J.-L. (2010). L’amorçage affectif : données empiriques et modèles théoriques. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale, 64(3), 165–179. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020765
Fazio, R. H., Sanbonmatsu, D. M., Powell, M. C., & Kardes, F. R. (1986). On the automatic activation of attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(2), 229–238. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.50.2.229
2017-12-04
2023-04-04
A priming task in which the subject is asked to evaluate the emotional valence of a stimulus that was preceded by another stimulus (prime) of the same or different valence. The performance is better when the valence is the same between the prime and the target stimulus.
Tâche d’amorçage dans laquelle le sujet est invité à évaluer la valence affective d’un stimulus qui a été précédé par un autre stimulus (amorce) d’une même valence ou d’une valence différente. La performance est meilleure quand la valence est identique entre l’amorce et le stimulus cible.
affective priming task
tâche d'amorçage affectif

Frank Arnould
Coane, J. H., & Umanath, S. (2019). I don’t remember vs. I don’t know : Phenomenological states associated with retrieval failures. Journal of Memory and Language, 107, 152–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2019.05.002
2019-05-21
2023-03-24
DR/DK paradigm
Paradigm used to study the phenomenology associated with the failure to retrieve information from memory. After a retrieval failure, the subject is asked to indicate whether he or she does not remember or does not know the information.
Paradigme utilisé pour étudier la phénoménologie associée au fait de ne pas retrouver une information en mémoire. Après un échec de récupération, le sujet est invité à indiquer s'il ne se souvient pas de l'information ou s'il ne sait pas.
Don't remember/Don't know paradigm
paradigme Ne pas se souvenir/Ne pas savoir

PerceptionCognitionLab. (2018). Data1 [Data set]. Github. https://github.com/PerceptionCognitionLab/data1/tree/master/repGardinerJava
Frank Arnould
Adam, S. (2003). Nouvelles techniques d'évaluation de la mémoire : procédure de dissociation des processus et paradigme R/K. In Meulemans, T., Desgranges, B., Adam, S., Eustache, F. (Eds.), Evaluation et prise en charge des troubles mnésiques. Solal.
Gardiner, J. M. (1988). Functional aspects of recollective experience. Memory & Cognition, 16(4), 309-313. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197041
Gardiner, J. M., & Java, R. I. (1990). Recollective experience in word and nonword recognition. Memory & Cognition, 18(1), 23‑30. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202642
Haaf, J. M., Rhodes, S., Naveh-Benjamin, M., Sun, T., Snyder, H. K., & Rouder, J. N. (2020). Revisiting the remember–know task : Replications of Gardiner and Java (1990). Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01073-x
Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 26(1), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080017
Umanath, S., & Coane, J. H. (2020). Face validity of remembering and knowing : Empirical consensus and disagreement between participants and researchers. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1745691620917672. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691620917672
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Haaf, J. M., Rhodes, S., Naveh-Benjamin, M., Sun, T., Snyder, H. K., & Rouder, J. N. (2020). Revisiting the remember–know task : Replications of Gardiner and Java (1990). Memory & Cognition. doi:10.3758/s13421-020-01073-x
Remember/Know paradigm
paradigme se souvenir/savoir
For each response in a recognition test, the subject is asked to indicate whether he/she remembers the learning context (R response for Remember) or if the recognized item seems just familiar without being able to recall the context of acquisition (K response for Know.)
Paradigme expérimental mis au point par Gardiner et collaborateurs. Pour chaque réponse dans un test de reconnaissance, le sujet est invité à indiquer s'il se remémore le contexte d'apprentissage (réponse R pour Remember) ou si le mot reconnu lui semble juste familier, sans être capable de rappeler le contexte d'acquisition (réponse K pour Know.)
R/K paradigm
paradigme R/K

Frank Arnould
Piolino, P., Desgranges, B., & Eustache, F. (2003). La mémoire autobiographique : théorie et pratique. Solal.
2017-12-04
2023-06-15
TEMPau
TEMPau
Semi-structured questionnaire to assess autobiographical episodic memory and autonoetic awareness for five life periods: childhood and adolescence, young adulthood, middle age and older adulthood, last five years, and most recent period.
​Questionnaire semi-structuré pour l'évaluation de la mémoire autobiographique épisodique et la conscience autonoétique en fonction de cinq périodes de vie : enfance et adolescence, jeune adulte, adulte plus âgé, cinq dernières années et période récente.
Test of Episodic Memory for the Autobiographical Past
Test épisodique de mémoire du passé autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Berntsen, D., Hoyle, R. H., & Rubin, D. C. (2019). The Autobiographical Recollection Test (ART) : A measure of individual differences in autobiographical memory. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(3), 305–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2019.06.005
Billet, M., Geurten, M., & Willems, S. (In press). How well do you think you remember your personal past? French validation of the Autobiographical Recollection Test (ART) and exploration of age effect. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2207805
2020-07-06
2023-05-31
ART
ART
Questionnaire designed to measure individual differences in autobiographical memory. The instrument focuses on seven aspects of recollective experiences: vividness and narrative coherence of memories, feeling of reliving past events, visual imagery, repetition of memories, relevance of memories to personal history, ability to localize memories in space.
Questionnaire destiné à mesurer les différences individuelles dans la mémoire autobiographique. L’instrument porte sur sept aspects des expériences recollectives : vivacité et cohérence narrative des souvenirs, impression de revivre les événements vécus, imagerie visuelle, répétition des souvenirs, pertinence des souvenirs dans l’histoire personnelle, capacité à localiser les souvenirs dans l’espace.
Autobiographical Recollection Test
Test de recollection autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Johnson, M. K., Foley, M. A., Suengas, A. G., & Raye, C. L. (1988). Phenomenal characteristics of memories for perceived and imagined autobiographical events. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 117(4), 371-376. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.117.4.371
2017-12-04
2023-05-31
MCQ
MCQ
Questionnaire permettant d'évaluer les caractéristiques phénoménologiques d'un souvenir autobiographique. Construit à partir de la théorie du contrôle de la réalité, il permettrait de distinguer les souvenirs d'évènements vécus, qui contiendraient plus de détails sensoriels et contextuels, des souvenirs d'évènements imaginés, qui contiendraient plus d'éléments faisant référence à des opérations cognitives.
Questionnaire to assess the phenomenological characteristics of autobiographical memory. Based on reality monitoring theory, the questionnaire is designed to distinguish memories of experienced events, which contain more sensory and contextual details, from memories of imagined events, which contain more elements related to cognitive operations.
Memory Characteristics Questionnaire
Questionnaire des caractéristiques mnésiques

Leboe-McGowan, J. P., & Whittlesea, B. W. A. (2013). Through the SCAPE looking glass: Sources of performance and sources of attribution. In D. Reisberg (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of cognitive psychology (pp. 243–266). Oxford University Press.
Whittlesea, B. W. A. (1997). Production, evaluation, and preservation of experiences: Constructive processing in remembering and performance tasks. In D. L. Medin (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 37, pp. 211–264). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60503-4
Whittlesea, B. W. A. (2002). Two routes to remembering (and another to remembering not). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131(3), 325‑348. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.131.3.325
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-21
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
SCAPE account
SCAPE framework
SCAPE model
SCAPE theory
modèle SCAPE
théorie SCAPE
La théorie SCAPE (Selective Construction and Preservation of Experience) « est une tentative de construction d'un cadre général de la performance et de l'expérience subjective [...] Le cadre postule que toute interaction entre l'esprit et l'environnement implique la construction d'un modèle mental du stimulus dans le contexte et la tâche actuels. Cette construction comporte deux aspects : la fonction de production, qui se traduit par la performance, et la fonction d'évaluation, qui se traduit par l'expérience subjective. La fonction de production est contrôlée par une interaction entre les intentions actuelles de la personne, les contraintes et les possibilités du stimulus et du contexte, et les représentations d'expériences antérieures en mémoire qui sont signalées par la performance en cours ; elle provoque des réponses perceptives, cognitives et motrices aux stimuli. La fonction d'évaluation contrôle l'intégrité de la fonction de production et amène la personne à adopter une attitude à son égard. Ces fonctions apportent des contributions distinctes à l'acte de se souvenir. » (Whittlesea, 2002, p. 325-326).
The Selective Construction and Preservation of Experience (SCAPE) framework "is an attempt to construct a general account of performance and subjective experience [...] The framework posits that every interaction between mind and the environment involves the construction of a mental model of the stimulus within the current context and task. This construction has two aspects: the production function, resulting in performance, and the evaluation function, resulting in subjective experience. The production function is controlled by an interaction among the person's current intentions, the constraints and affordances of the stimulus and context, and the representations of prior experiences in memory that are cued by ongoing performance; it causes perceptual, cognitive, and motoric responses to stimuli. The evaluation function monitors the integrity of the production function and causes the person to adopt an attitude toward it. These functions make separate contributions to the act of remembering." (Whittlesea, 2002, p. 325-326).
Selective Construction and Preservation of Experience theory
théorie de la construction sélective et de la préservation des expériences

Hofmann, W., Summerville, A., & Baumeister, R. (2020, March 14). Dataset and Materials for “Everyday Thoughts in Time: Experience Sampling Studies of Mental Time Travel.” https://osf.io/9uytp/
Suo, T., & Wang, Q. (2021, February 23). Data for Culture and Visual Perspective in Mental Time Travel: The Relations to Psychological Well-being. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/EPJUF
Frank Arnould
Addis, D. R. (2020). Mental time travel? A neurocognitive model of event simulation. Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 11(2), 233–259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-020-00470-0
Addis, D. R., Wong, A. T., & Schacter, D. L. (2007). Remembering the past and imagining the future: Common and distinct neural substrates during event construction and elaboration. Neuropsychologia, 45(7), 1363–1377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.016
Busby, J., & Suddendorf, T. (2005). Recalling yesterday and predicting tomorrow. Cognitive Development, 20(3), 362–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2005.05.002
Corballis, M. C. (2019). Mental time travel, language, and evolution. Neuropsychologia, 134, 107202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107202
Ernst, A. (2019). Le voyage mental dans le temps à la lumière des neurosciences cognitives et de la neuropsychologie clinique. Psychiatrie, Sciences humaines, Neurosciences, 17(3), 41–55. https://www.cairn.info/revue-psn-2019-3-page-41.htm
Michaelian, K. (2016). Mental time travel: Episodic memory and our knowledge of the personal past. The MIT Press.
Michaelian, K., Klein, S. B., & Szpunar, K. K. (2016). Seeing the future : Theoretical perspectives on future-oriented mental time travel. Oxford University Press.
Perrin, D., & Michaelian, K. (2017). Memory as mental time travel. In S. Bernecker & K. Michaelian (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of philosophy of memory (pp. 228–239). Routledge.
Sant’Anna, A. (2018). Mental time travel and the philosophy of memory. Filosofia Unisinos, 19(1), 52–62. https://doi.org/10.4013/fsu.2018.191.06
Suddendorf, T., & Corballis, M. C. (1997). Mental time travel and the evolution of the human mind. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 123(2), 133–167.
Suddendorf, T., & Corballis, M. C. (2007). The evolution of foresight: What is mental time travel, and is it unique to humans? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 30(3), 299–313. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X07001975
Wang, Y., Ye, J., Lui, S. S. Y., & Chan, R. C. K. (n.d.). Mental time travel in psychiatric disorders. PsyCh Journal, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.634
Wheeler, M. A., Stuss, D. T., & Tulving, E. (1997). Toward a theory of episodic memory: the frontal lobes and autonoetic consciousness. Psychological Bulletin, 121(3), 331–354. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.121.3.331
2017-12-04
2023-08-15
A term coined "to refer to the faculty that allows humans to mentally project themselves backwards in time to re-live, or forwards to pre-live, events" (Suddendorf et Corballis, 2007, p. 299).
« capacité de se détacher temporairement de son environnement immédiat pour voyager mentalement dans le temps et ainsi se souvenir d’événements de son passé (mémoire autobiographique ; e.g., son dernier dîner entre amis) ou imaginer des événements de son futur (pensée future ; e.g., sa prochaine communication en congrès). » (Ernst, 2019, p. 41).

mental time travel
voyage mental dans le temps

Frank Arnould
Nigro, G., & Neisser, U. (1983). Point of view in personal memories. Cognitive Psychology, 15(4), 467–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(83)90016-6
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
field memory
field perspective
first-person perspective
perspective du champ
perspective à la première personne
point de vue d'acteur
souvenir du champ
An expression that is used when the visual image of an autobiographical memory reproduces the same perspective that was experienced during the event.
On parle du point de vue du champ lorsque l'image visuelle d'un souvenir autobiographique reproduit la même perspective que celle vécue lors de l'évènement réel.
field point of view
point de vue du champ

Frank Arnould
Schmidt, S. R. (1991). Can we have a distinctive theory of memory? Memory & Cognition, 19(6), 523-542. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197149
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
distinctivité mnésique
singularité du souvenir
Degree to which a memory stands out from other memories.
Degré avec lequel un souvenir se démarque d'autres souvenirs.
singularité des souvenirs
distinctivité du souvenir
memory distinctiveness

Adler, J. M. (2017, August 2). The Nature of Narrative Coherence: An Empirical Approach. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/EHMWP
Garry, M. (2020, August 23). Judgments of memory coherence depend on the conditions under which a memory is retrieved, regardless of reported PTSD symptoms. https://osf.io/jzbr7
Vanaken, L. (2020, April 14). Memory coherence and the response of others. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/534NQ
Vanaken, L. (2020, April 30). Social Anxiety & Narrative Coherence. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WF5HN
Vanaken, L. (2020, May 3). The relations between narrative coherence, trauma, social support, psychological well-being and cortisol responses. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/3H7QM
Vanderveren, E., Aerts, L., Rousseaux, S., Bijttebier, P., & Hermans, D. (2018). Influence of an induced negative emotional state on autobiographical memory coherence [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/k294y/
Frank Arnould
Reese, E., Haden, C. A., Baker-Ward, L., Bauer, P., Fivush, R., & Ornstein, P. A. (2011). Coherence of personal narratives across the lifespan : A multidimensional model and coding method. Journal of Cognition and Development, 12(4), 424‑462. https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2011.587854
2022-02-07
2023-09-04
autobiographical memory coherence
coherent autobiographical memory
cohérence de la mémoire autobiographique
cohérence des souvenirs autobiographiques
récit personnel cohérent
« un récit personnel cohérent est un récit qui a du sens pour un auditeur naïf - non seulement pour comprendre quand, où et quel événement a eu lieu, mais aussi pour comprendre la signification de cet événement pour le narrateur. » (Reese et al., 2011, p. 465).
“a coherent personal narrative is one that makes sense to a naïve listener—not just in terms of understanding when, where, and what event took place but also with respect to understanding the meaning of that event to the narrator.“ (Reese et al., 2011, p. 465).
coherent autobiographical memories
récits personnels cohérents
cohérence narrative
narrative coherence

Frank Arnould
Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 26(1), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080017
2017-12-04
2023-04-03
noetic awareness
According to Tulving (1985), awareness of knowledge about the world (knowing), based on a sense of familiarity and associated with semantic memory.
Selon Tulving (1985), niveau de conscience propre à la mémoire sémantique. Il se manifeste par la simple conscience de connaissances sur le monde, sur la base d’un sentiment de familiarité.

conscience noétique
noetic consciousness

Frank Arnould
Dafni-Merom, A., & Arzy, S. (2020). The radiation of autonoetic consciousness in cognitive neuroscience: A functional neuroanatomy perspective. Neuropsychologia, 143, 107477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107477
Sant’Anna, A., Michaelian, K., & Andonovski, N. (in press). Autonoesis and episodicity: Perspectives from philosophy of memory. WIREs Cognitive Science, e1665. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1665
Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 26(1), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080017
Wheeler, M. A., Stuss, D. T., & Tulving, E. (1997). Toward a theory of episodic memory: the frontal lobes and autonoetic consciousness. Psychological Bulletin, 121(3), 331–354. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.121.3.331
Zaman, A., & Russell, C. (2022). Does autonoetic consciousness in episodic memory rely on recall from a first-person perspective? Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 34(1), 9-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2021.1922419
2017-12-04
2023-08-15
autonoesis
autonoetic awareness
autonoèse
conscience de soi
"Autonoetic (self-knowing) consciousness is the name given to the kind of consciousness that mediates an individual's awareness of his or her existence and identity in subjective time extending from the personal past through the present to the personal future." (Tulving, 1985, p. 1).
« La conscience autonoétique (connaissance de soi) est le nom donné au type de conscience qui permet à un individu de prendre conscience de son existence et de son identité dans un temps subjectif qui s'étend du passé personnel au futur personnel, en passant par le présent. » (Tulving, 1985, p. 1).

autonoetic consciousness
conscience autonoétique

Frank Arnould
Nigro, G., & Neisser, U. (1983). Point of view in personal memories. Cognitive Psychology, 15(4), 467–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(83)90016-6
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
observer memory
observer perspective
perspective d'une personne tierce
perspective de l'observateur
point de vue du spectateur
souvenir de l’observateur
third-person perspective
A term used when the subject sees him/herself in the visual image of an autobiographical memory.
On parle du point de vue de l'observateur lorsque dans l'image visuelle d'un souvenir autobiographique le sujet se voit lui-même.
observer point of view
point de vue de l'observateur

Frank Arnould
Tulving, E. (2002). Chronesthesia: Conscious awareness of subjective time. In D. T. Stuss & R. C. Knight (Eds.), Principles of Frontal Lobe Function (p. 311-325). Oxford University Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-19
Conscience du temps subjectif.
Conscious awareness of subjective time.

chronesthesia
chronesthésie

Frank Arnould
Brainerd, C. J., Payne, D. G., Wright, R., & Reyna, V. F. (2003). Phantom recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 48(3), 445–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00501-6
Brainerd, C. J., Wright, R., Reyna, V. F., & Mojardin, A. H. (2001). Conjoint recognition and phantom recollection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(2), 307–327. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.2.307
Gallo, D. A., & Roediger, III, H. L. (2002). Variability among word lists in eliciting memory illusions: Evidence for associative activation and monitoring. Journal of Memory and Language, 47(3), 469–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00013-X
2017-12-04
2023-03-17
illusory recollection
recollection illusoire
Illusory but vivid recollection of the occurrence of an event.
Remémoration illusoire, mais vivace, de l'occurrence d'un évènement.
phantom recollection
recollection fantôme

Frank Arnould
Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 26(1), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080017
2017-12-04
2023-03-17
According to Tulving, procedural memory is said to be anoetic as it is expressed directly in behavior and action, i.e. without consciousness.
Selon Tulving, la mémoire procédurale est dite anoétique car elle s’exprime directement dans les comportements et l’action, sans conscience.
anoetic consciousness
conscience anoétique

Frank Arnould
2020-07-06
Morton, C., & MacLeod, A. K. (in press). Vividness of imagery and affective response to episodic memories and episodic future thoughts: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2224609 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
2023-07-24
vividness
A memory is vivid when it contains many details of the past experience.
Un souvenir est vivace quand il contient de nombreux détails de l'expérience passée.
vivacité des souvenirs
memory vividness
vivacité du souvenir

Frank Arnould
Yonelinas, A. P. (2002). The nature of recollection and familiarity : A review of 30 years of research. Journal of Memory and Language, 46(3), 441‑517. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.2002.2864
2017-12-04
2023-04-19
expérience recollective
recollective experience
remémoration
reviviscence
récollection
Dans un test de reconnaissance, jugement qu'un item est ancien (a été étudié) accompagné de la récupération d'éléments spécifiques du contexte de mémorisation.
In a recognition test, judgment that an item is old (has been studied) with the retrieval of specific elements of the acquisition context.
expériences recollectives
recollections
recollective experiences
remémorations
reviviscences
récollections
recollection
recollection

2023-03-30
Frank Arnould
Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114(1), 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Johnson, M. K. (1997). Source monitoring and memory distortion. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 352(1362), 1733–1745. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0156 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Mitchell, K. J., & Johnson, M. K. (2009). Source monitoring 15 years later: What have we learned from fMRI about the neural mechanisms of source memory? Psychological Bulletin, 135(4), 638–677. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015849 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
SMF
théorie du contrôle de la source
A theory that the phenomenal qualities of a mental experience are used to attribute a source to a memory (Johnson et al., 1993). For example, a memory will be attributed to a perceived event in the past if it contains more perceptual, temporal, spatial, and affective details, whereas a memory will be attributed to imagination if it contains more frequent references to cognitive operations.
Théorie selon laquelle les qualités phénoménales d’une expérience mentale servent à attribuer une source à un souvenir (Johnson et al., 1993). Par exemple, un souvenir sera attribué à un événement perçu dans le passé s’il contient un plus grand nombre de détails perceptifs, temporels, spatiaux et affectifs, alors qu’un souvenir sera attribué à l’imagination s’il fait plus souvent référence à des opérations cognitives.
source monitoring framework
théorie de la surveillance de la source

Nelson, T. O., Narens, L., & Dunlosky, J. (2004). A revised methodology for research on metamemory : Pre-Judgment Recall and Monitoring (PRAM). Psychological Methods, 9(1), 53‑69. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.9.1.53
2021-07-05
2023-09-04
metamemorial judgment
Subjective assessment of one's current memory state.
Évaluation subjective de l’état actuel de sa mémoire.
jugements métamnésiques
metamemorial judgments
metamemory judgement
metamemory judgements
metamemory judgments
jugement métamnésique
metamemory judgment

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Dunlosky, J., & Bjork, R. A. (Eds.). (2013). Handbook of Metamemory and Memory. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Dunlosky, J., & Tauber, S. (Eds.). (2016). The Oxford handbook of metamemory. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Flavell, J. H. (1971). First discussant’s comments: What is memory development the development of? Human Development, 14(4), 272–278. https://doi.org/10.1159/000271221 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Le Berre, A.-P., Eustache, F., & Beaunieux, H. (2009). La métamémoire : théorie et clinique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 1(4), 312–320. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.014.0312 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-09-05
La métamémoire concerne 1) les connaissances que possède une personne sur la mémoire en général et sur sa mémoire en particulier et 2) les processus de surveillance (monitoring) et de contrôle de sa mémoire pendant la réalisation d'une tâche mnésique.
Metamemory is 1) the knowledge that a person has about memory in general and about his /her memory in particular and 2) the monitoring and control processes during a memory task.

meta-memory
metamemorial
metamemory
métamémoire

Frank Arnould
Hampton, J. A. (2006). Concepts as prototypes. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 46, p. 79–113). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(06)46003-5
Rosch, E. (1975). Cognitive representations of semantic categories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104(3), 192-233. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.104.3.192
2017-12-04
2023-03-31
Le prototype correspond à la tendance centrale des exemplaires d'une catégorie. Il est le résultat d'une abstraction de ces exemplaires qui ne conserve que leurs attributs les plus typiques et communs.
The prototype represents the central tendency of exemplars of a semantic cagegory, retaining their most typical and common properties.

prototypes
prototypes
prototype
prototype

Frank Arnould
Bousfield, W. A. (1953). The occurrence of clustering in the recall of randomly arranged associates. Journal of General Psychology, 49(2), 229. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1953.9712878
Cohen, H., & Lefebvre, C. (Eds.). (2017). Handbook of categorization in cognitive science (Second edition). Elsevier.
2017-12-04
2022-04-29
classification
classification
Processus cognitif consistant à répartir des éléments dans des classes en fonction de la similarité de leurs propriétés. La catégorisation peut être utilisée comme une stratégie de codage ou de récupération des souvenirs.
The cognitive process of assigning items to classes based on the similarity of their properties. Categorization can be used as a strategy for encoding or retrieving memories.

categorisation
categorization
catégorisation

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Bhatia, S., & Richie, R. (in press). Transformer networks of human conceptual knowledge. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000319 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Carbonnel, S., Charnallet, A., & Moreaud, O. (2010). Organisation des connaissances sémantiques : Des modèles classiques aux modèles non abstractifs. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 2(1), 22‑30. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.021.0022 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Eysenck, M. W. (2015). Semantic mermory and stored knowledge. In A. D. Baddeley, M. C. Anderson, & M. W. Eysenck (Eds.), Memory (Second Edition, p. 165–193). Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Jones, M. N., Willits, J. A., & Dennis, S. (2015). Models of semantic memory. In J. R. Busemeyer, Z. Wang, J. T. Townsend, & A. Eidels (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of computational and mathematical psychology (p. 232‑254). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Kumar, A. A. (2021). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(1), 40‑80. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Laisney, M. (2011). L’évaluation et l’organisation de la mémoire sémantique. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 3(3), 176‑180. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.033.0176 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Mirman, D., Landrigan, J.-F., & Britt, A. E. (2017). Taxonomic and thematic semantic systems. Psychological Bulletin, 143(5), 499–520. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000092 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Renoult, L., & Rugg, M. D. (2020). An historical perspective on Endel Tulving’s episodic-semantic distinction. Neuropsychologia, 139, 107366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107366 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Snowden, J. S. (2015). Semantic Memory. In J. D. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition) (p. 572–578). Elsevier. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In W. Donaldson (Ed.), Organization of Memory (p. 381‑402). Academic Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Tulving, E. (1972). Mémoire épisodique et mémoire sémantique. Dans S. Nicolas & P. Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire (pp. 85–106). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Yee, E., Jones, M., & McRae, K. (2018). Semantic memory. In S. L. Thompson-Schill (Ed.), Steven’s handbook of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience. (4th ed., Vol. 3, pp. 319-356). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119170174.epcn309 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-03-30

cognition sémantique
conceptual knowledge
conceptual memory
conceptual system
connaissances conceptuelles
connaissances générales
connaissances sémantiques
decontextualized memory
general knowledge
generic memory
mémoire conceptuelle
mémoire décontextualisée
mémoire générique
mémoire propositionnelle
propositional memory
représentation sémantique
semantic cognition
semantic knowledge
semantic representation
système conceptuel
Long-term memory of world knowledge (words, concepts, facts...) independent of the spatio-temporal context of acquisition.
Mémoire à long terme spécialisée dans la connaissance du monde (mots, concepts, faits...) indépendante du contexte spatio-temporel d'acquisition. Dans les conceptions récentes, la mémoire sémantique est dite noétique ce qui signifie qu'elle s'accompagne d'une simple conscience d'une connaissance sur le monde sur la base d'un sentiment de familiarité.

représentations sémantiques
semantic memories
semantic representations
mémoire sémantique
semantic memory

Frank Arnould
Barsalou, L. W., Dutriaux, L., & Scheepers, C. (2018). Moving beyond the distinction between concrete and abstract concepts. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 373(1752), 20170144. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0144
Laurence, S., & Margolis, E. (1999). Concepts and cognitive science. In E. Margolis & S. Laurence (Eds.), Concepts : Core readings (p. 3‑81). MIT Press.
Machery, E. (2005). Doit-on se passer de la notion de concept? Actes Du Colloque de La SOPHA - Montréal - Septembre 2003 : “Language, Pensée, Action,” 2. http://poincare.univ-nancy2.fr/PhilosophiaScientiae/Electronicjournal/?contentId=2969
Machery, E. (2011). Doing without concepts. Oxford University Press.
Margolis, E., & Laurence, S. (2019). Concepts. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2019/entries/concepts/
Murphy, G. (2002). The big book of concepts. MIT Press.
Panaccio, C. (2011). Qu’est-ce qu’un concept ? Vrin.
2020-10-27
Bhatia, S., & Richie, R. (in press). Transformer networks of human conceptual knowledge. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000319 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Jones, M. N., Willits, J. A., & Dennis, S. (2015). Models of semantic memory. In J. R. Busemeyer, Z. Wang, J. T. Townsend, & A. Eidels (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of computational and mathematical psychology (p. 232‑254). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
"A mental representation generalized from particular instances, and knowledge of its similarity to other concepts." (Jones et al., 2015, p. 250).
« Représentation mentale généralisée à partir d’instances particulières, et connaissance de sa similarité avec d'autres concepts. » (Jones et al., 2015, p.250).
Le concept comme représentation mentale est une approche populaire en terminologie et sciences cognitives, mais n'est pas la seule (voir, par exemple, Margolis & Laurence, 2019).
The concept as mental representation is a popular approach in terminology and cognitive science, but it is not the only one (see, for example, Margolis & Laurence, 2019).

concepts
concepts
concept
concept

Frank Arnould
Collins, A. M., & Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review, 82(6), 407–428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.82.6.407
Collins, A. M., & Quillian, M. R. (1969). Retrieval time from semantic memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8(2), 240–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80069-1. Traduit dans Nicolas, S., & Piolino, M. P. (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire : fonctionnalisme et structuralisme. De Boeck Supérieur.
Collins, A. M., & Quillian, M. R. (1969). Retrieval time from semantic memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8(2), 240–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80069-1. Traduit dans Nicolas, S., & Piolino, M. P. (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire : fonctionnalisme et structuralisme. De Boeck Supérieur.
Quillian, M. R. (1967). Word concepts : A theory and simulation of some basic semantic capabilities. Behavioral Science, 12(5), 410‑430. https://doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830120511
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Models of concept organization in semantic memory. Concepts are represented by nodes in the network and the relations between concepts are represented by edges.
Modèles d'organisation des concepts en mémoire sémantique. Les concepts sont représentés par des nœuds dans le réseau et les relations entre concepts sont représentées par des liens (ou arcs) entre les nœuds.
Certains réseaux sémantiques reposent sur une organisation hiérarchique d'inclusion de classes (Collins & Quillian, 1969). Dans d'autres réseaux sémantiques, les liens représentent la distance sémantique entre concepts (Collins & Loftus, 1975).
Some semantic networks are based on a hierarchical organization of class inclusion (Collins & Quillian, 1969). In other semantic networks, edges represent the semantic distance between concepts (Collins & Loftus, 1975).

réseaux sémantiques
semantic networks
réseau sémantique
semantic network

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Billard, P., Clayton, N. S., & Jozet-Alves, C. (2019). Episodic memory. In J. Vonk & T. Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior (p. 1–13). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1770-1 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Fan, C. L., Sokolowski, H. M., Rosenbaum, R. S., & Levine, B. (n.d.). What about “space” is important for episodic memory? WIREs Cognitive Science, n/a(n/a), e1645. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1645 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Huston, J. P., & Chao, O. Y. (2023). Probing the nature of episodic memory in rodents. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 144, 104930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104930 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Morton, C., & MacLeod, A. K. (in press). Vividness of imagery and affective response to episodic memories and episodic future thoughts: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2224609 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
Ranganath, C. (2022). What is episodic memory and how do we use it? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 26(12), 1059–1061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2022.09.023 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Renoult, L., Irish, M., Moscovitch, M., & Rugg, M. D. (2019). From knowing to remembering : The semantic–episodic distinction. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23(12), 1041–1057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.09.008 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Renoult, L., & Rugg, M. D. (2020). An historical perspective on Endel Tulving’s episodic-semantic distinction. Neuropsychologia, 139, 107366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107366 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Robins, S. K. (2022). Episodic memory is not for the future. In A. Sant’Anna, C. J. McCarroll, & K. Michaelian (Eds.), Current controversies in philosophy of memory (pp. 166–184). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Sugar, J., & Moser, M.-B. (2019). Episodic memory: Neuronal codes for what, where, and when. Hippocampus, 29(12), 1190–1205. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23132 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In W. Donaldson (Ed.), Organization of Memory (p. 381‑402). Academic Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Tulving, E. (1972). Mémoire épisodique et mémoire sémantique. Dans S. Nicolas & P. Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire (pp. 85–106). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Tulving, E. (1984). Précis of Elements of episodic memory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7(2), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X0004440X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Tulving, E. (2002). Episodic memory: From mind to brain. Annual Review of Psychology, 53(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135114 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Tulving, E., Eustache, F., Desgranges, B., & Viader, F. (2004). La mémoire épisodique : de l’esprit au cerveau. Revue Neurologique, 160(4, Part 2), 9–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0035-3787(04)70940-6 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Tulving, E., & Szpunar, K. K. (2009). Episodic memory. Scholarpedia, 4(8), 3332. https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.3332 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-08-22

WWW memory
contextualized memory
episodic autobiographical memory
episodic-like memory
event memory
mémoire autobiographique épisodique
mémoire contextualisée
mémoire de type épisodique
mémoire des évènements
mémoire recollective
recollective memory
souvenir épisodique
Memory of personal experiences (episodes) located in time and space. According to recent developments of the concept, episodic memory allows us to mentally travel to the past and to imagine the future through autonoetic consciousness.
Mémoire à long terme déclarative spécialisée dans les expériences uniques, personnellement vécues et localisées dans le temps et l’espace (« épisodes »). Les évolutions récentes du concept par Tulving font intervenir les aspects phénoménologiques du souvenir épisodique pendant la récupération. La mémoire épisodique est ainsi associée à une conscience autonoétique, ce qui signifie que le souvenir épisodique est marqué par un type de conscience de telle sorte que l’expérience subjective au moment de la remémoration est identique à celle ressentie au moment de l’évènement vécu. La mémoire épisodique permet un voyage mental dans le passé, le présent et le futur.
L'expression « mémoire de type épisodique » est essentiellement utilisée dans les études chez l'animal nonhumain.
The phrase "episodic-like memory" is mainly used in non-human animal studies.

episodic memories
souvenirs épisodiques
episodic memory
mémoire épisodique

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
Dans une tâche d’amorçage, stimulus présenté initialement et dont on évalue l’influence de son traitement sur la performance dans une tâche cognitive ultérieure.
In a priming task, initially presented stimulus. The influence of its processing on performance in a subsequent cognitive task is assessed.
amorces
primes
amorce
prime

Frank Arnould
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/2010). La mémoire : recherches de psychologie experimentale (trad. S. Nicolas). L'harmattan.
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/1913). Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology. Columbia University. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Ebbinghaus/index.htm
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Syllabes (du type Consonne-Voyelle-Consonne) n'ayant aucun sens, utilisées pour la première fois par Ebbinghaus dans des épreuves de mémoire (1885), afin d'étudier le fonctionnement mnésique sans que celui-ci soit contaminé par la signification du matériel.
Syllables (consonant-vowel-consonant) having no meaning, used for the first time by Ebbinghaus in memory experiments (1885) to study how memory operates when it is not contaminated by the meaning of the material.
nonsense syllables
syllabes sans signification

Frank Arnould
Le Ny, J.-F. (1980). Le conditionnement et l’apprentissage (6ème édition). Presses Universitaires de France.
2022-02-01
2023-09-04
"Stimulus that induces reinforcement." (Le Ny, 1980, p. 191).
« Stimulus qui provoque un renforcement » (Le Ny, 1980, p. 191).
reinforcers
renforçateurs
reinforcer
renforçateur

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
foil
lure
Dans un test de reconnaissance, les distracteurs sont de nouveaux items présentés au moment du test de la mémoire, ils n'ont donc pas été étudiés par le sujet.
In a recognition memory test, distractors are new items presented during the test, which have therefore not been studied by the subject.
distracteurs
distractors
foils
lures
distracteur
distractor

Frank Arnould
Kernbaum, S. (Ed.) (1990). Dictionnaire de médecine. Flammarion.
2020-11-02
2023-09-04
" Mass of protoplasm bounded by a membrane and enclosing a nucleus, corresponding to the smallest amount of structured living matter, endowed with autonomous life and capable of self-reproduction." (Kernbaum, 1990, p. 163).
« Masse de protoplasme limitée par une membrane et renfermant un noyau, correspondant à la plus petite quantité de matière vivante structurée, douée de vie autonome et susceptible de se reproduire. » (Kernbaum, 1990, p. 163).

cells
cellules
cell
cellule

Frank Arnould
2020-11-02
2023-09-04
Anatomical structure with a specific function.
Structure anatomique exerçant une fonction spécifique.

organes
organs
organ
organe

Frank Arnould
Bekinschtein, P., Cammarota, M., & Medina, J. H. (2014). BDNF and memory processing. Neuropharmacology, 76, 677–683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.04.024
Miranda, M., Morici, J. F., Zanoni, M. B., & Bekinschtein, P. (2019). Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor : A key molecule for memory in the healthy and the pathological brain. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2019.00363
2018-07-31
2021-08-16
BDNF
BDNF
abrineurin
facteur neurotrophique issu du cerveau
« membre d'une famille de facteurs neurotrophiques impliqués de manière déterminante dans la régulation de la survie et de la différenciation des populations neuronales au cours du développement [et] régule la structure et les fonctions de différents circuits neuronaux tout au long de la vie. » (Bekinschtein et al., 2014, p. 677).
“a member of a family of neurotrophic factors critically involved in regulating the survival and differentiation of neuronal populations during development [and] the structure and functions of different neuronal circuits throughout life.“ (Bekinschtein et al., 2014, p. 677).

brain-derived neurotrophic factor
facteur neurotrophique dérivé du cerveau

Frank Arnould
Bickle, J., & Bickle, J. (2021). The first two decades of CREB-memory research : Data for philosophy of neuroscience. AIMS Neuroscience, 8(3), 322‑339. https://doi.org/10.3934/Neuroscience.2021017
Dubynina, E. V., & Dolotov, O. V. (2009). The CREB transcription factor and processes of memory formation. Neurochemical Journal, 3(3), 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1819712409030015
2017-12-04
2021-08-27
CREB binding protein
CREB protein
cAMP response element-binding factor
protéine CBP
protéine CREB
A transcription factor that promotes synaptic plasticity and allows the formation of long-term memories. These depend on the activation of CREB-1 and inactivation of CREB-2.
Facteur de transcription favorisant la plasticité synaptique et permettant la formation de souvenirs à long terme. Celles-ci dépendent de l'activation de CREB-1 et de l'inactivation de CREB-2.

CREB factor
facteur CREB

Frank Arnould
Miyashita, T., Kikuchi, E., Horiuchi, J., & Saitoe, M. (2018). Long-term memory engram cells are established by c-Fos/CREB transcriptional cycling. Cell Reports, 25(10), 2716-2728.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.11.022
2021-08-27
2023-09-04
Facteur de transcription intervenant dans la formation de souvenirs à long terme.
Transcription factor involved in the formation of long-term memories.

c-fos
c-fos

2021-08-09
2023-09-04
human organisms
organismes humains
human organism
organisme humain

Frank Arnould
Decker, A. L., & Duncan, K. (2020). Acetylcholine and the complex interdependence of memory and attention. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 32, 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.01.013
Micheau, J., & Marighetto, A. (2011). Acetylcholine and memory: A long, complex and chaotic but still living relationship. Behavioural Brain Research, 221(2), 424–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2010.11.052
2017-12-04
2021-08-09
ACh
ACh
Neurotransmetteur impliqué dans les processus d’apprentissage et de mémoire. En particulier, dans l’hippocampe, l’ACh jouerait un rôle dans la mémoire relationnelle, la coordination de systèmes cérébraux de la mémoire (l’amygdale pour la mémoire émotionnelle, le striatum pour la mémoire procédurale). Un taux élevé d’ACh dans l’hippocampe facilite l’encodage des informations en mémoire, alors qu’un niveau faible d’ACh permet la consolidation de nouveaux souvenirs (Micheau & Marighetto, 2011). Les récepteurs de l’ACh sont les récepteurs nicotiniques et muscariniques.
Neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory processes. In particular, in the hippocampus, ACh plays a role in relational memory, coordination of brain systems memory (amygdala for emotional memory, the striatum for procedural memory). A high level of ACh in the hippocampus facilitates the encoding of information in memory, whereas a low level of ACh allows the consolidation of new memories (Micheau & Marighetto, 2011). ACh receptors are nicotinic and muscarinic receptors.

acetylcholine
acétylcholine

Frank Arnould
Riedel, G. (2003). Glutamate receptor function in learning and memory. Behavioural Brain Research, 140(1‑2), 1‑47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4328(02)00272-3
2017-12-04
2021-09-01
glutamic acid
Excitatory neurotransmitter involved in long-term potentiation.
Neurotransmetteur excitateur impliqué dans le mécanisme de potentialisation à long terme.

glutamate
glutamate

Frank Arnould
Kauppi, K., Nilsson, L.-G., Adolfsson, R., Eriksson, E., & Nyberg, L. (2011). KIBRA polymorphism is related to enhanced memory and elevated hippocampal processing. The Journal of Neuroscience, 31(40), 14218-14222. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3292-11.2011
Papassotiropoulos, A., Stephan, D. A., Huentelman, M. J., Hoerndli, F. J., Craig, D. W., Pearson, J. V., … de Quervain, D. J.-F. (2006). Common KIBRA alleles are associated with human memory performance. Science, 314(5798), 475-478. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1129837
2017-12-04
2018-04-11
Gene that plays an important role in the performance of episodic memory. In particular, bearers of the KIBRA T allele score higher in episodic memory tasks.
Gène qui jouerait un rôle important dans la performance de la mémoire épisodique. En particulier, les porteurs de l'allèle KIBRA T obtiennent de meilleurs scores dans des tâches de mémoire épisodique.

KIBRA gene
gène KIBRA

Frank Arnould
2018-07-31
2021-09-15
"A phosphatase is an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate by hydrolysis of phosphoric acid esters." (source: http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000295)
« Une phosphatase est une enzyme qui supprime un groupe phosphate de son substrat par hydrolyse des esters d'acide phosphorique. » (source : http://www.bioassayontology.org/bao#BAO_0000295)

phosphatase
phosphatase

Frank Arnould
Giese, K. P., & Mizuno, K. (2013). The roles of protein kinases in learning and memory. Learning & Memory, 20(10), 540‑552. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.028449.112
2018-06-08
2022-01-13
"A protein kinase is a kinase enzyme that modifies other proteins by chemically adding phosphate groups to them (phosphorylation)." (source: http://www.drugtargetontology.org/dto/DTO_03300102 )
« Une protéine kinase est une enzyme kinase qui modifie d'autres protéines en leur ajoutant chimiquement des groupes phosphates (phosphorylation). » (source : http://www.drugtargetontology.org/dto/DTO_03300102)

kinase proteins
protéines kinases
protein kinase
protéine kinase

Frank Arnould
Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (Éds.). (2018). Handbook of research methods in human memory. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429439957
2017-12-04
2023-09-04
Term for objective and subjective methods for studying memory.
Terme désignant les méthodes objectives et subjectives d'étude de la mémoire.

méthodes d'études de la mémoire
study methods of memory
méthode d'étude de la mémoire
study method of memory

2021-08-18
2023-09-04
méthodes neurophysiologiques
neurophysiological methods
méthode neurophysiologique
neurophysiological method

Backman, L., Nyberg, L., Soveri, A., Johansson, J., Andersson, M., Dahlin, E., Neely, A. S., Virta, J., Laine, M., & Rinne, J. O. (2018). Data from : Effects of working-memory training on striatal dopamine release [Data set]. Dryad Digital Repository. doi:10.5061/dryad.37bj2?ver=2018-02-07T14:44:52.864-05:00
Bäckman, L., Waris, O., Johansson, J., Andersson, M., Rinne, J. O., Alakurtti, K., Soveri, A., Laine, M., & Nyberg, L. (2017). Data from : Increased dopamine release after working-memory updating training: neurochemical correlates of transfer [Data set]. doi:10.5061/dryad.p4q04
Clark, Cameron; Lawlor-Savage, Linette (2017). Working Memory Trial Data. figshare. Dataset. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.4551517.v3
De Simoni, C., & von Bastian, C. C. (2018, April 15). Working Memory Updating and Binding Training: Bayesian Evidence Supporting the Absence of Transfer. https://osf.io/fy5ku/
Fellman, D., Jylkkä, J., Laine, M., Soveri, A., Waris, O., & Nyman, T. J. (2019, September 28). The role of strategy use in working memory training outcomes. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/Q7XE2
Forsberg, A., Fellman, D., & Laine, M. (2019, December 1). Strategy Instruction in Working Memory Training in Younger and Older Adults. https://osf.io/yf7pq/
Guye, S., & von Bastian, C. C. (2017, September 27). Working Memory Training in Older Adults. https://osf.io/zrj3q/
Redick, T. (2019, April 8). The role of proactive interference in working memory training and transfer. https://osf.io/n7z3n/
Rodas, J. A., & Greene, C. (2020, August 11). Effects of computerised cognitive training on working memory: A meta-analysis. https://osf.io/54xsq/
S1 Dataset—Transfer after Working Memory Updating Training. (2015). [Data set]. PLOS ONE. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138734.s001
Sala, G. (2019, September 16). Data: Working Memory Training in Typically Developing Children: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis. https://osf.io/bw8pg/
Watrin, L., Hülür, G., & Wilhelm, O. (2022, February 22). Training Working Memory for Two Years – No Evidence of Transfer to Intelligence. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.4551517.v3
Wiemers, E. A., Redick, T., & Morrison, A. (2018, November 26). The Influence of Individual Differences in Cognitive Ability on Working Memory Training Gains. https://osf.io/peswn/
ros, laura. (2018, May 7). Working memory training. https://osf.io/x75fu/
Frank Arnould
Charest-Girard, C., & Parent, V. (2018). Entraînement de la mémoire de travail : Effets sur la performance en mathématiques. Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale, 72(2), 127‑139. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000140
Corbin, L., & Camos, V. (2013). L’entrainement de la mémoire de travail et les apprentissages scolaires. ANAE - Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l’Enfant, 123, 113‑119.
Dentz, A., Parent, V., Gauthier, B., Guay, M.-C., & Romo, L. (2016). L’entraînement de la mémoire de travail par le programme Cogmed et le TDAH. Psychologie Française, 61(2), 139‑151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2015.06.002
Hou, J., Jiang, T., Fu, J., Su, B., Wu, H., Sun, R., & Zhang, T. (2020). The long-term efficacy of working memory training in healthy older adults : A systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 randomized controlled trials. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 75(8), e174‑e188. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaa077
Novick, J. M., Bunting, M. F., Dougherty, M. R., & Engle, R. W. (Eds.). (2019). Cognitive and working memory training: Perspectives from psychology, neuroscience, and human development. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199974467.001.0001
Redick, T. S. (2019). The hype cycle of working memory training. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 0963721419848668. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721419848668
Rivard, C., Dentz, A., Romo, L., Parent, V., Guay, M. C., & Gauthier, B. (2020). Suivi à long terme des effets d’un entraînement de la mémoire de travail (Cogmed) auprès d’enfants présentant un TDA/H. Neuropsychiatrie de l’Enfance et de l’Adolescence, 68(1), 29‑38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2019.11.001
Sala, G., & Gobet, F. (2020). Working memory training in typically developing children : A multilevel meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 27(3), 423‑434. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01681-y
Vernucci, S., Canet Juric, L., Introzzi, I., & Richard’s, M. M. (2019). Working memory training in children: A review of basic methodological criteria. Psychological Reports, 0033294119832978. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294119832978
Villemonteix, T. (2018). L’entraînement de la mémoire de travail est-il bénéfique pour les enfants présentant un trouble déficit de l’attention/hyperactivité ? Neuropsychiatrie de l’Enfance et de l’Adolescence, 66(1), 3‑12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2017.07.003
2022-02-24
2023-09-04
programme d'entraînement de la mémoire de travail
working memory training program
A program designed to improve working memory functioning, either through repeated practice of working memory tasks or through explicit instruction in memory strategies (visual imagery, chaining, subvocal rehearsal, elaboration, etc.).
Programme visant à améliorer le fonctionnement de la mémoire de travail, soit par la réalisation répétée de tâches de mémoire de travail, soit par l'enseignement explicite de stratégies de mémorisation (imagerie visuelle, chaînage, répétition subvocale, élaboration, etc.).
entraînement de la mémoire de travail
working memory training

Frank Arnould
Gopi, Y., Wilding, E., & Madan, C. R. (2022). Memory rehabilitation : Restorative, specific knowledge acquisition, compensatory, and holistic approaches. Cognitive Processing, 23(4), 537‑557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-022-01099-w
Meulemans, T., Desgranges, B., Adam, S., & Eustache, F. (Éds.) (2003). Évaluation et prise en charge des troubles mnésiques. Solal.
Vianin, P. (2020). La remédiation cognitive, un outil pour le rétablissement. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 12(3), 273‑279. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0589
Wilson, B. A. (2008). Neuropsychological Rehabilitation. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 4(1), 141‑162. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.4.022007.141212
Wilson, B. A. (2023). Memory rehabilitation: To what extent does theory influence clinical practice? In R. H. Logie, Z. Wen, S. E. Gathercole, N. Cowan, & R. W. Engle (Eds.), Memory in science for society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 405–425). Oxford University Press.
Wilson, B.A. (2009). Memory rehabilitation: Integrating theory and practice. Guilford Press.
2018-10-11
2023-04-12
cognitive remediation
remédiation cognitive
rééducation cognitive
A collection of neuropsychological methods designed to help patients to recover or compensate for lost cognitive skills.
Ensemble de méthodes en neuropsychologie dont l'objectif est de permettre aux patients de récupérer les aptitudes cognitives perdues ou de les aider à les compenser.

remédiations cognitives
réhabilitations cognitives
rééducations cognitives
cognitive rehabilitation
réhabilitation cognitive

Cottraux, J. (2020). Les psychothérapies cognitives et comportementales (7ᵉ éd.). Elsevier-Masson. https://www.elsevier-masson.fr/les-psychotherapies-cognitives-et-comportementales-9782294767784.html
2020-10-15
2023-09-04
CBT
TCC
cognitive behavior therapy
cognitive behavioral psychotherapy
psychothérapie cognitivo-comportementale
thérapie comportementale et cognitive
Ensemble de techniques psychothérapeutiques qui visent à agir sur les comportements et systèmes de croyances des patients pour les aider à gérer leurs difficultés.
Psychotherapeutic techniques designed to modify patients' behaviors and belief systems to help them cope with their difficulties.

cognitive behavior therapies
cognitive behavioral psychotherapies
cognitive behavioral therapies
cognitive behaviour therapies
cognitive behaviour therapy
cognitive behavioural psychotherapies
cognitive behavioural psychotherapy
cognitive behavioural therapies
cognitive behavioural therapy
psychothérapie cognitivo-comportementales
thérapies cognitivo-comportementales
thérapies comportementales et cognitives
cognitive behavioral therapy
thérapie cognitivo-comportementale

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-04-18
acquisition d'un souvenir
acquisition of memory
codage
coding
formation de la trace
memory acquisition
memory formation
trace formation
Processus par lequel le format d’une information est transformé dans un autre format compatible avec le stockage en mémoire.
The process by which the format of information is transformed into another format compatible with memory storage.

formation des traces
encodage
encoding

Frank Arnould
Amer, T., & Davachi, L. (2023). Extra-hippocampal contributions to pattern separation. ELife, 12, e82250. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.82250
Liu, K. Y., Gould, R. L., Coulson, M. C., Ward, E. V., & Howard, R. J. (2016). Tests of pattern separation and pattern completion in humans—A systematic review. Hippocampus, 26(6), 705–717. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22561
Quiroga, R. Q. (2020). No pattern separation in the human hippocampus. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 24(12), 994-1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2020.09.012
Rolls, E. T. (2013). The mechanisms for pattern completion and pattern separation in the hippocampus. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2013.00074.
Yassa, M. A., & Stark, C. E. L. (2011). Pattern separation in the hippocampus. Trends in Neurosciences, 34(10), 515-525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2011.06.006
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
memory separation
Dans l’hippocampe, processus par lequel des représentations similaires sont stockées de manière distincte les unes des autres, sans chevauchement. Il s'agit d'une sorte de désambiguïsation de traces mnésiques similaires, afin d'éviter des phénomènes d'interférence.
In the hippocampus, the process by which similar representations are stored separately from each other without overlap, a kind of disambiguation of similar memory traces, to avoid interference phenomena.
pattern separation
séparation de pattern

Frank Arnould
Huijgen, J., & Samson, S. (2015). The hippocampus: A central node in a large-scale brain network for memory. Revue Neurologique, 171(3), 204–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2015.01.557
Miry, O., Li, J., & Chen, L. (2021). The quest for the hippocampal memory engram: From theories to experimental evidence. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 14. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.632019
Moscovitch, M., Cabeza, R., Winocur, G., & Nadel, L. (2016). Episodic memory and beyond: The hippocampus and neocortex in transformation. Annual Review of Psychology, 67, 105–134. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143733
Ross, T. W., & Easton, A. (2022). The hippocampal horizon: Constructing and segmenting experience for episodic memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 132, 181–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.038
Slotnick, S. D. (2022). The hippocampus and long-term memory. Cognitive Neuroscience, 13(3‑4), 113‑114. https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2022.2128736
Waters, S. J., Basile, B. M., & Murray, E. A. (in press). Reevaluating the role of the hippocampus in memory: A meta-analysis of neurotoxic lesion studies in nonhuman primates. Hippocampus. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23499
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
Structure du lobe temporal médian intervenant dans différentes activités mnésiques, comme la consolidation des souvenirs déclaratifs, la mémoire épisodique, la mémoire relationnelle et contextuelle, la mémoire de travail ou encore la mémoire spatiale. L'hippocampe est connecté à de nombreuses régions corticales et sous-corticales et serait aussi impliqué dans des activités cognitives non mnésiques.
Structure of the medial temporal lobe involved in different memory activities, such as the consolidation of declarative memories, episodic memory, relational and contextual memory, working memory or spatial memory. The hippocampus is connected to many cortical and subcortical regions and is also involved in non-mnemonic cognitive activities.

hippocampal
hippocampi
hippocampe
hippocampus

Frank Arnould
Couperus, J. W., Lydic, K. O., Hollis, J. E., Roy, J. L., Lowe, A. R., Bukach, C. M., & Reed, C. L. (2021). Individual differences in working memory and the N2pc. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15, 109. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.620413
Eimer, M. (1996). The N2pc component as an indicator of attentional selectivity. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 99(3), 225‑234. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(96)95711-9
Luck, S. J., & Hillyard, S. A. (1994). Spatial filtering during visual search : Evidence from human electrophysiology. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20(5), 1000‑1014. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.20.5.1000
2021-11-15
2023-09-04
N2pc
N2pc
Composante négative des potentiels évoqués cognitifs, enregistrée par les électrodes placées sur la partie postérieure du scalp, apparaissant entre 180 et 300 ms après le début du stimulus visuel et dans l’hémisphère controlatéral au côté du stimulus attendu (par exemple, dans l'hémisphère gauche quand le stimulus est présenté dans le champ visuel droit).
Negative component in event-related potentials, recorded by electrodes placed on the posterior part of the scalp, appearing between 180 and 300 ms after the onset of the visual stimulus and in the hemisphere contralateral to the side of the attended stimulus (e.g., in the left hemisphere when the stimulus is presented in the right visual field).
N2 posterior contralateral component
composante N2 postérieure controlatérale

Fields, E. C., & Gutchess, A. (2021, February 5). Late frontal positivity effects in self-referential memory: Unique to the self? https://osf.io/svu4c/
Frank Arnould
Colás-Blanco, I., Mioche, J., La Corte, V., & Piolino, P. (2022). The role of temporal distance of the events on the spatiotemporal dynamics of mental time travel to one’s personal past and future. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 2378. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05902-8
Goldmann, R. E., Sullivan, A. L., Droller, D. B. J., Rugg, M. D., Curran, T., Holcomb, P. J., Schacter, D. L., Daffner, K. R., & Budson, A. E. (2003). Late frontal brain potentials distinguish true and false recognition: NeuroReport, 14(13), 1717‑1720. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200309150-00012
Hayama, H. R., Johnson, J. D., & Rugg, M. D. (2008). The relationship between the right frontal old/new ERP effect and post-retrieval monitoring : Specific or non-specific? Neuropsychologia, 46(5), 1211‑1223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.11.021
Leynes, P. A. (2012). Event-related potential (ERP) evidence for source-monitoring based on the absence of information. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 84(3), 284‑295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.03.007
Leynes, P. A., & Kakadia, B. (2013). Variations in retrieval monitoring during action memory judgments : Evidence from event-related potentials (ERPs). International Journal of Psychophysiology, 87(2), 189‑199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.01.004
Mecklinger, A. (2000). Interfacing mind and brain : A neurocognitive model of recognition memory. Psychophysiology, 37(5), 565‑582.
Porter, N., Fields, E., Moore, I., & Gutchess, A. (2021). Late frontal positivity effects in self-referential memory : Unique to the self? Social Neuroscience, 16(4), 406‑422. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470919.2021.1929460
Wilding, E. L., & Rugg, M. D. (1996). An event-related potential study of recognition memory with and without retrieval of source. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 119 ( Pt 3), 889‑905. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/119.3.889
2022-02-14
2023-09-04
LFE
late frontal positivity effect
Composante positive et tardive dans les potentiels évoqués cognitifs, apparaissant entre 600 ms et durant jusqu’à 2000 ms dans le lobe frontal droit, reflétant les processus de surveillance des items récupérés en mémoire.
Positive and late component in event-related potentials, appearing between 600 ms and lasting up to 2000 ms in the right frontal lobe, reflecting monitoring processes of retrieved items from memory.
effet frontal tardif
late frontal effect

Frank Arnould
Friedman, D., & Johnson Jr., R. (2000). Event-related potential (ERP) studies of memory encoding and retrieval : A selective review. Microscopy Research and Technique, 51(1), 6‑28. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0029(20001001)51:1<6::AID-JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-R
2017-12-04
2022-02-14
composante positive tardive
late positive component
Onde positive dans le cortex pariétal gauche apparaissant principalement entre 400 et 800 ms après qu'un stimulus a été reconnu par le sujet. Cette composante des potentiels évoqués cognitifs serait un indicateur des processus de remémoration consciente (recollection).
Positive wave in the left parietal cortex appearing mainly between 400 and 800 ms after a stimulus has been recognized by the subject. This component of event-related potentials is an indicator of conscious recollection processes.

LPC wave
onde LPC

Frank Arnould
Hakim, N., Awh, E., & Vogel, E. K. (2021). Manifold visual working memory. In R. Logie, V. Camos, & N. Cowan (Eds.), Working memory : The state of the science (p. 311‑332). Oxford University Press.
Luria, R., Balaban, H., Awh, E., & Vogel, E. K. (2016). The contralateral delay activity as a neural measure of visual working memory. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 62, 100‑108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.01.003
Vogel, E. K., & Machizawa, M. G. (2004). Neural activity predicts individual differences in visual working memory capacity. Nature, 428(6984), 748‑751. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02447
Vogel, E. K., McCollough, A. W., & Machizawa, M. G. (2005). Neural measures reveal individual differences in controlling access to working memory. Nature, 438(7067), 500‑503. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04171
2021-08-31
2023-09-04
CDA
CNSW
CSA
SPCN
contralateral negative slow wave
contralateral search activity
sustained posterior contralateral negativity
A negative slow wave in the contralateral hemisphere where the items to be maintained are presented. CDA is an indicator of visual working memory capacity: its amplitude increases as the number of items to be maintained increases, but reaches an asymptote at 3-4 items.
Onde lente négative sur l'hémisphère controlatéral à la position des éléments à retenir. Elle est un indice de la capacité de la mémoire de travail visuelle : son amplitude augmente à mesure que le nombre d'éléments à maintenir croît, mais atteint une asymptote à 3-4 éléments.
activité du délai controlatérale
contralateral delay activity

Lee, J. (2023, January 11). Three-level meta-analysis of the other-race bias in facial identification. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SJ2TG
Frank Arnould
Friedman, D., & Johnson Jr., R. (2000). Event-related potential (ERP) studies of memory encoding and retrieval : A selective review. Microscopy Research and Technique, 51(1), 6‑28. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0029(20001001)51:1<6::AID-JEMT2>3.0.CO;2-R
Gonthier, C., & Hot, P. (2013). Apports de l’électroencéphalographie à la compréhension de la mémoire. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 5(4), 243–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0280
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
frontal N400
Negative wave in the frontal lobe appearing between 300 and 500 ms after a stimulus has been recognized by the subject. This component of event-related potientials is an indicator of the stimulus familiarity.
Onde négative dans le lobe frontal apparaissant entre 300 et 500 ms après qu'un stimulus a été reconnu par le sujet. Cette composante des potentiels évoqués cognitifs serait un indicateur de la familiarité du stimulus.
FN400 wave
onde FN400

Frank Arnould
Campagne, A., & Vercueil, L. (2013). Électroencéphalographie. In P. Hot & S. Delplanque (Éds.), Électrophysiologie de la cognition (p. 19‑55). Dunod.
2021-09-17
2023-09-04
EEG
EEG
"[...] recording of electrical activity generated by brain neuronal functioning." (Campaign & Vercueil, 2013, p. 21).
« [...] enregistrement de l’activité électrique générée par le fonctionnement neuronal cérébral. » (Campagne & Vercueil, 2013, p. 21).

electroencephalography
électroencéphalographie

Frank Arnould
Houdé, O., Mazoyer, B., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2010). Cerveau et psychologie (1ʳᵉ éd.). Presses Universitaires de France.
2017-12-04
2022-03-28
Part of the central nervous system located in the head and composed of the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the brain stem.
Partie du système nerveux central situé dans la boîte crânienne et composé du cerveau, du cervelet et du tronc cérébral.

brain
encéphale

Frank Arnould
Ekstrom, A. D., Kahana, M. J., Caplan, J. B., Fields, T. A., Isham, E. A., Newman, E. L., & Fried, I. (2003). Cellular networks underlying human spatial navigation. Nature, 425(6954), Article 6954. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01964
O’Keefe, J., & Dostrovsky, J. (1971). The hippocampus as a spatial map. Preliminary evidence from unit activity in the freely-moving rat. Brain Research, 34(1), 171–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(71)90358-1
2018-10-02
2023-03-21
Neuron in the hippocampus that fires at a specific location when an animal is moving in the environment. Place cells have an important role in spatial memory and the construction of cognitive maps.
Neurone présent dans l'hippocampe qui s'active à un endroit précis pendant le déplacement de l'animal dans l'environnement. Les cellules de lieu joueraient un rôle important dans la mémoire spatiale et l'élaboration de cartes cognitives.

cellules de lieu
place cells
cellule de lieu
place cell

Frank Arnould
Hafting, T., Fyhn, M., Molden, S., Moser, M.-B., & Moser, E. I. (2005). Microstructure of a spatial map in the entorhinal cortex. Nature, 436(7052), 801–806. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03721
Moser, E., & Moser, M.-B. (2007). Grid cells. Scholarpedia, 2(7), 3394. https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.3394
2018-10-08
2022-01-11
cellule de quadrillage
Neuron in the entorhinal cortex that fires when the animal is in different places. All these positions form a hexagonal grid. The grid cells are thought to make it possible to code a global map of the environment.
Neurone dans le cortex entorhinal qui décharge quand l’animal se trouve à différents endroits. L’ensemble de ces positions forme une grille hexagonale. Les cellules de grille permettraient de coder un référentiel global de l’environnement.

cellules de grille
cellules de quadrillage
grid cells
cellule de grille
grid cell

Oberauer, K. (2021, October 18). Benchmarks for Models of Short Term and Working Memory. https://osf.io/g49c6/
Frank Arnould
Adams, E. J., Nguyen, A. T., & Cowan, N. (2018). Theories of working memory : Differences in definition, degree of modularity, role of attention, and purpose. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 49(3), 340‑355. https://doi.org/10.1044/2018_LSHSS-17-0114
Aubin, G., Coyette, F., Pradat-Diehl, P., & Vallat-Azouvi, C. (Eds.). (2007). Neuropsychologie de la mémoire de travail. Solal.
Baddeley, A. D. (2002). Is working memory still working? European Psychologist, 7(2), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.1027//1016-9040.7.2.85
Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (1974). Mémoire de travail. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 8, p. 47-89). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1. Traduit dans : Nicolas, S., & Piolino, M. P. (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire : Fonctionnalisme et structuralisme (pp. 107-146). De Boeck Supérieur.
Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (1974). Working memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 8, p. 47-89). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1
Baddeley, A. D., Hitch, G. J., & Allen, R. J. (2019). From short-term store to multicomponent working memory: The role of the modal model. Memory & Cognition, 47(4), 575–588. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0878-5
Baddeley, A.D. (1986). Working memory. Oxford University Press.
Barrouillet, P., & Camos, V. (2014). Working memory: Loss and reconstruction. Psychology Press.
Barrouillet, P., & Camos, V. (2022). La mémoire de travail : Théories, développement et pathologies. Mardaga.
Chai, W. J., Abd Hamid, A. I., & Abdullah, J. M. (2018). Working memory from the psychological and neurosciences perspectives: A review. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00401
Cowan, N. (2017). The many faces of working memory and short-term storage. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(4), 1158‑1170. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1191-6
Gaonac'h, D., Larigauderie, P. (2000). Mémoire et fonctionnement cognitif : la mémoire de travail. Armand Colin
Gomez-Lavin, J. (2020). Working memory is not a natural kind and cannot explain central cognition. Review of Philosophy and Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-020-00507-4
Logie, R., Camos, V., & Cowan, N. (Eds.). (2021). Working memory: The state of the science. Oxford University Press.
Ozimic, A. S. (2020). Working memory from the perspective of the multicomponent model and embedded-processes model. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 18(4), 516–524. https://doi.org/10.7906/indecs.18.4.2
2017-12-04
2023-03-16

M-space
espace M
"Working memory is a cognitive system specifically dedicated to the temporary maintenance and processing of information necessary for the completion of goal-directed tasks controlled by the subject." (Barrouillet & Camos, 2022, p. 45).
« La mémoire de travail est un système cognitif spécifiquement dévolu au maintien temporaire et au traitement de l’information nécessaire à la réalisation de tâches orientées vers un but et contrôlées par le sujet. » (Barrouillet & Camos, 2022, p. 45).
Le terme de mémoire de travail est polysémique. La définition de Barrouillet & Camos (2022, p. 45) représente, selon les auteurs, le noyau conceptuel commun de plusieurs définitions. Pour des définitions alternatives de la notion, voir Cowan (2017), Adams et al. (2018) et Logie et al. (2021).
The term "working memory" is polysemous. The definition proposed by Barrouillet & Camos (2022, p. 45) represents, according to the authors, the common conceptual core of several definitions. For alternative definitions of the term, see Cowan (2017), Adams et al. (2018), and Logie et al. (2021).

mémoire de travail
working memory

Oberauer, K. (2021, October 18). Benchmarks for Models of Short Term and Working Memory. https://osf.io/g49c6/
Frank Arnould
Cowan, N. (2008). What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory? In W. Sossin, J.-C. Lacaille, V. F. Castelucci, & S. Belleville (Eds.), Progress in Brain Research: The Essence of Memory (Vol. 169, p. 323–338). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(07)00020-9
Cowan, N. (2019). Short-term memory based on activated long-term memory : A review in response to Norris (2017). Psychological Bulletin, 145(8), 822‑847. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000199
Norris, D. (2017). Short-term memory and long-term memory are still different. Psychological Bulletin, 143(9), 992-1009. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000108
Oberauer, K., Lewandowsky, S., Awh, E., Brown, G. D. A., Conway, A., Cowan, N., Donkin, C., Farrell, S., Hitch, G. J., Hurlstone, M. J., Ma, W. J., Morey, C. C., Nee, D. E., Schweppe, J., Vergauwe, E., & Ward, G. (2018). Benchmarks for models of short-term and working memory. Psychological Bulletin, 144(9), 885‑958. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000153
2017-12-04
2023-03-23

STM
active memory
boite d’écho
compartiment à court terme
echo box
immediate memory
magasin à court terme
mémoire active
mémoire immédiate
mémoire primaire
primary memory
rétention à court terme
short-term retention
short-term storage
short-term store
stockage à court terme
A limited-capacity storage system in which information is held for a short duration (a few seconds) and is subject to rapid degradation.
Système de stockage à capacité limitée, dans lequel les informations sont maintenues sur une courte durée (quelques secondes) et se détériorent rapidement.

short term memory
short term retention
short term storage
short term store
mémoire à court terme
short-term memory

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Fan, C. L., Sokolowski, H. M., Rosenbaum, R. S., & Levine, B. (n.d.). What about “space” is important for episodic memory? WIREs Cognitive Science, n/a(n/a), e1645. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1645 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-03-16

location memory
mémoire des lieux
place memory
A generic term for the memory of both egocentric (relative to the subject's location) and allocentric (the position of an object relative to another object or location) spatial information.
Terme générique pour désigner toute forme de mémoire des informations spatiales aussi bien égocentrées (relatives à la position du sujet lui-même) qu'allocentrées (position d'un objet relativement à un autre objet ou emplacement).

mémoire spatiale
spatial memory

Frank Arnould
2018-08-03
2023-03-21
cortex associatif préfrontal
prefrontal association cortex
"Region of cortex of frontal lobe anterior to primary motor area and premotor area." (source: http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma224850)
« Région du cortex du lobe frontal antérieur à l'aire motrice primaire et à l'aire prémotrice. » (source : http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma224850)

cortex préfrontal
prefrontal cortex

Frank Arnould
Kraus, B. J., Robinson II, R. J., White, J. A., Eichenbaum, H., & Hasselmo, M. E. (2013). Hippocampal « time cells »: time versus path integration. Neuron, 78(6), 1090-1101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2013.04.015
MacDonald, C. J., Lepage, K. Q., Eden, U. T., & Eichenbaum, H. (2011). Hippocampal "time cells" bridge the gap in memory for discontiguous events. Neuron, 71(4), 737-749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2011.07.012
Pastalkova, E., Itskov, V., Amarasingham, A., & Buzsaki, G. (2008). Internally generated cell assembly sequences in the rat hippocampus. Science, 321(5894), 1322-1327. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1159775
2017-12-04
2023-09-04
Les cellules de temps sont des neurones de l'hippocampe qui déchargent à des moments spécifiques. Découvertes chez le rat et le singe.
Time cells are neurons in the hippocampus that fire at specific moments. Discovered in rats and monkeys.
cellules de temps
time cells
cellule de temps
time cell

Frank Arnould
Cowan, E. T., Schapiro, A. C., Dunsmoor, J. E., & Murty, V. P. (2021). Memory consolidation as an adaptive process. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(6), 1796–1810. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01978-x
Dudai, Y. (2004). The neurobiology of consolidations, or, how stable is the engram? Annual Review of Psychology, 55(1), 51-86. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142050
Gisquet-Verrier, P., & Riccio, D. C. (2018). Memory integration : An alternative to the consolidation/reconsolidation hypothesis. Progress in Neurobiology, 171, 15‑31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.10.002 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Gisquet-Verrier, P., & Riccio, D. C. (2022). Revisiting systems consolidation and the concept of consolidation. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 132, 420–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.003
Henri, V. (1900). Muller et Pilzecker : Nouvelles recherches expérimentales sur la mémoire. L’Année Psychologique, 7(1), 573-598. http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/psy_0003-5033_1900_num_7_1_3249
Lechner, H. A., Squire, L. R., & Byrne, J. H. (1999). 100 Years of Consolidation— Remembering Müller and Pilzecker. Learning & Memory, 6(2), 77-87. http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/6/2/77
Misanin, J. R., Miller, R. R., & Lewis, D. J. (1968). Retrograde amnesia produced by electroconvulsive shock after reactivation of a consolidated memory trace. Science, 160(3827), 554‑555. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.160.3827.554 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Nadel, L., & Moscovitch, M. (1997). Memory consolidation, retrograde amnesia and the hippocampal complex. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 7(2), 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-4388(97)80010-4
Nadel, L., Samsonovich, A., Ryan, L., & Moscovitch, M. (2000). Multiple trace theory of human memory: computational, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological results. Hippocampus, 10(4), 352-368. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-1063(2000)10:4%3C352::aid-hipo2%3E3.0.co;2-d
Pilzecker, A., & Pilzecker, Alfons. (1900). Experimentelle Beiträge zur Lehre vom Gedächtniss. Leipzig : J.A. Barth. http://archive.org/details/b28111916
Walker, M. P. (2005). A refined model of sleep and the time course of memory formation. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28(1), 51-64. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X05000026
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
consolidation de la mémoire
consolidation mnésique
memory consolidation
Processus permettant, avec le temps, le renforcement, la stabilisation, le transfert et la réorganisation des traces mnésiques.
Time-dependent processes for strengthening, stabilizing, transferring and reorganizing memory traces.

consolidation
consolidation

Jouvet, M. (1967). The states of sleep. Scientific American, 216(2), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0267-62
Paller, K. A., Creery, J. D., & Schechtman, E. (2021). Memory and sleep : How sleep cognition can change the waking mind for the better. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 123-50. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050815
2020-11-03
Frank Arnould
Nicolas Ribeiro
2023-04-03
deep sleep
delta sleep
non-REM sleep
sommeil lent profond
sommeil non-REM
Le sommeil à ondes lentes est une phase du sommeil divisée en trois stades (N1, N2, N3) se caractérisant par une activité cérébrale de plus en plus lente et une réduction progressive de la fréquence cardiaque, de la respiration et de la température corporelle. Cette phase du sommeil est importante pour la régénération de l’organisme (Nicolas Ribeiro).
Slow-wave sleep is a phase of sleep divided into three stages (N1, N2, N3) characterised by progressively slower brain activity and a gradual reduction in heart rate, breathing and body temperature. This phase of sleep is important for the regeneration of the body (Nicolas Ribeiro).

slow-wave sleep
slow wave sleep
sommeil à ondes lentes

Frank Arnould
Sacktor, T. C., & Hell, J. W. (2017). The genetics of PKMζ and memory maintenance. Science Signaling, 10(505), eaao2327. https://doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.aao2327
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
PKMζ
PKMζ
protein kinase M zeta
protéine kinase M zêta
Enzyme, intervenant au niveau des synapses, qui serait impliquée dans le maintien actif des souvenirs consolidés en mémoire.
Enzyme, intervening at the synapse level, involved in actively maintaining consolidated memories.

protéines kinase M zêta
protéines kinase Mζ
protein kinase Mζ
protéine kinase Mζ

Frank Arnould
Dixsaut, L., & Gräff, J. (2021). The medial prefrontal cortex and fear memory: Dynamics, connectivity, and engrams. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(22), 12113. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212113
Josselyn, S. A., & Tonegawa, S. (2020). Memory engrams : Recalling the past and imagining the future. Science, 367(6473). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw4325
Rao-Ruiz, P., Visser, E., Mitrić, M., Smit, A. B., & van den Oever, M. C. (2021). A synaptic framework for the persistence of memory engrams. Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsyn.2021.661476
Ryan, T. J., de San Luis, C. O., Pezzoli, M., & Sen, S. (2021). Engram cell connectivity: An evolving substrate for information storage. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 67, 215–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2021.01.006
Tonegawa, S., Liu, X., Ramirez, S., & Redondo, R. (2015). Memory engram cells have come of age. Neuron, 87(5), 918–931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2015.08.002
Tonegawa, S., Morrissey, M. D., & Kitamura, T. (2018). The role of engram cells in the systems consolidation of memory. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 19(8), 485–498. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-018-0031-2
Willems, T., & Henke, K. (2021). Imaging human engrams using 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. Hippocampus, 31(12), 1257-1270. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23391
2020-06-29
2022-06-07
cellular engram
engram neuron
engramme cellulaire
memory engram cell
neurone d'engramme
Engram cells are "[...] neurons that are activated during an experience, that have undergone enduring physical or chemical changes and that can subsequently be selectively reactivated to produce the retrieval of that experience or inhibited to prevent its retrieval." (Tonegawa et al., 2018, p. 485).
Les cellules d'engramme sont des « […] neurones activés au cours d'une expérience, qui ont subi des modifications physiques ou chimiques durables et qui peuvent ensuite être réactivés de manière sélective pour produire la récupération de cette expérience ou inhibés pour empêcher sa récupération» (Tonegawa et al., 2018, p. 485).
cellular engrams
cellules d'engramme
engram cells
engram neurons
engrammes cellulaires
memory engram cells
neurones d'engramme
cellule d'engramme
engram cell

Frank Arnould
Nicolas Ribeiro
Boyce, R., Williams, S., & Adamantidis, A. (2017). REM sleep and memory. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 44, 167–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2017.05.001
Jouvet, M. (1967). The states of sleep. Scientific American, 216(2), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0267-62
2017-12-04
2023-04-03
REM
REM sleep
rapid eye movement sleep
sommeil REM
sommeil à mouvement oculaire rapide
Le sommeil paradoxal est une phase du sommeil caractérisée par une activité cérébrale ressemblant à celle de l’éveil, une respiration irrégulière et rapide, une fréquence cardiaque rapide, et une atonie musculaire. Pendant cette phase, les yeux bougent rapidement et les rêves rapportés au réveil sont plus imagés (Nicolas Ribeiro).
Paradoxical sleep is a phase of sleep characterised by brain activity similar to wakefulness, irregular and rapid breathing, rapid heart rate and muscular atonia. During this phase, the eyes move rapidly and the dreams reported on waking are more vivid (Nicolas Ribeiro).

paradoxical sleep
sommeil paradoxal

Frank Arnould
Brodt, S., & Gais, S. (2021). Memory engrams in the neocortex. The Neuroscientist, 27(4), 427–444. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073858420941528
Dudai, Y. (2004). The neurobiology of consolidations, or, how stable is the engram? Annual Review of Psychology, 55(1), 51-86. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142050
Gerber, B., Tanimoto, H., & Heisenberg, M. (2004). An engram found? Evaluating the evidence from fruit flies. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 14(6), 737–744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2004.10.014
Han, J.-H., Kushner, S. A., Yiu, A. P., Hsiang, H.-L., Buch, T., Waisman, A., Bontempi, B., Neve, R. L., Frankland, P. W., & Josselyn, S. A. (2009). Selective erasure of a fear memory. Science, 323(5920), 1492–1496. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164139
Josselyn, S. A., & Tonegawa, S. (2020). Memory engrams : Recalling the past and imagining the future. Science, 367(6473). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw4325
Josselyn, S. A., Köhler, S., & Frankland, P. W. (2015). Finding the engram. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(9), 521–534. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn4000
Josselyn, S. A., Köhler, S., & Frankland, P. W. (2017). Heroes of the engram. Journal of Neuroscience, 37(18), 4647–4657. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0056-17.2017
Lashley, K.S. (1950). In search of the engram. Society of Experimental Biology, Symposium No. 4: Physiological mechanisms in animal behaviour (pp. 454 -482). Cambridge University Press.
Miry, O., Li, J., & Chen, L. (2021). The quest for the hippocampal memory engram: From theories to experimental evidence. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 14. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.632019
Najenson, J. (2021). What have we learned about the engram? Synthese, 199(3), 9581–9601. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-021-03216-2
Poo, M., Pignatelli, M., Ryan, T. J., Tonegawa, S., Bonhoeffer, T., Martin, K. C., Rudenko, A., Tsai, L.-H., Tsien, R. W., Fishell, G., Mullins, C., Gonçalves, J. T., Shtrahman, M., Johnston, S. T., Gage, F. H., Dan, Y., Long, J., Buzsáki, G., & Stevens, C. (2016). What is memory? The present state of the engram. BMC Biology, 14(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-016-0261-6
Robins, S. K. (2017). Memory traces. In S. Bernecker & K. Michaelian (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of philosophy of memory (pp. 76–87). Routledge.
Robins, S. K. (2020). Stable engrams and neural dynamics. Philosophy of Science, 87(5), 1130–1139. https://doi.org/10.1086/710624
Schacter, D. L., Eich, J. E., & Tulving, E. (1978). Richard Semon’s theory of memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 17(6), 721–743. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(78)90443-7
Semon, R. (1904/1921). The Mneme. London: George Allen & Unwin. https://archive.org/details/cu31924100387210
Semon, R. (1909/1923). Mnemic Psychology. London: George Allen & Unwin. https://archive.org/details/mnemicpsychology032279mbp
2017-12-04
2023-04-12
empreinte mnésique
memory engram
memory trace
mneme
mnemonic trace
mnesic trace
mnème
neurogram
neurogramme
trace mnésique
"The engram may be defined as that entity that reflects the neural substrate of stored information resulting from past experience and bestowing upon organisms the ability to express memory in their behavior." (Josselyn et al., 2017, p. 4647).
« L'engramme peut être défini comme l'entité qui reflète le substrat neural de l'information stockée résultant d'une expérience passée et conférant aux organismes la capacité d'exprimer leur mémoire dans leur comportement. » (Josselyn et al., 2017, p. 4647).

empreintes mnésiques
engrammes
engrams
memory traces
mnemes
mnemonic traces
mnesic traces
mnèmes
neurogrammes
neurograms
traces mnésiques
engram
engramme

Frank Arnould
Kolers, P. A. (1973). Remembering operations. Memory & Cognition, 1(3), 347‑355. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198119
Kolers, P. A., & Roediger, H. L. (1984). Procedures of mind. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 23(4), 425‑449. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90282-2
Nicolas, S. (2000). La mémoire humaine, une perspective fonctionnaliste. L'Harmattan.
Roediger, H., Weldon, M., & Challis, B. (1989). Explaining dissociations between implicit and explicit measures of retention: A processing account. In H. L. Roediger & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), Varieties of memory and consciousness: Essays in honor of Endel Tulving (pp. 3–41). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Roediger, H., Weldon, M., & Challis, B. (1989). Expliquer les dissociations entre mesures explicites et implicite de la rétention: une affaire de traitement. In H. L. Roediger & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), Varieties of memory and consciousness: Essays in honor of Endel Tulving (pp. 3–41). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Traduit dans S. Nicolas & P. Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire humaine (pp. 249-291). De Boeck.
2017-12-04
2022-02-18
procedural theories of memory
théories procédurales de la mémoire
A type of theory postulating that memory can be understood from the memory processes carried out by the subject rather than by postulating the existence of different structures or memory systems in which information is stored.
Type de théorie postulant que le fonctionnement de la mémoire peut être compris à partir des opérations et des processus mnésiques mis en œuvre par le sujet plutôt qu'en postulant l'existence de différentes structures ou systèmes de la mémoire dans lesquels les informations seraient stockées.
functionalist theories
functionalist theory
procedural theories
procedural theory
théorie fonctionnaliste
théorie procédurale
théories fonctionnalistes
théories procédurales
functionalist theories of memory
théories fonctionnalistes de la mémoire

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
judgement of relative order
jugement de l'ordre relatif
Dans une tâche de récence relative, les sujets étudient tout d'abord une liste d'items présentés sériellement (un item après l'autre). L'expérimentateur leur présente ensuite deux items et ils doivent indiquer lequel des deux est apparu le plus récemment.
In the relative recency task, subjects first study a list of items presented serially. They are then shown two items by the experimenter. They are asked to indicate which of the two items appeared the most recently.
judgements of relative order
jugements de l'ordre relatif
jugements relatifs de récence
relative judgement of recency
relative judgements of recency
relative judgments of recency
jugement relatif de récence
relative judgment of recency

Frank Arnould
Livingston, R. B. (1967). Brain circuitry relating to complex behavior. In G. C. Quarton, T. O. Melnechuk, & F. O. Schmitt (Eds.), The neurosciences: A study program (pp. 105–109). Rockefeller University Press.
2017-12-04
Brown, R., & Kulik, J. (1977). Flashbulb memories. Cognition, 5(1), 73–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(77)90018-X [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2022-04-01
Hypothetical mechanism whereby the context of a surprising and personally significant emotional event is thought to be stored automatically, in detail and with precision, which produces a flashbulb memory.
Mécanisme hypothétique selon lequel le contexte d'un évènement émotionnel surprenant et personnellement important serait stocké automatiquement, dans le détail et avec précision, produisant ainsi un souvenir flash.
Now Print! mechanism
mécanisme de l'« empreinte du moment »

Frank Arnould
Aronowitz, S. (2022). Semanticization challenges the episodic–semantic distinction. The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 721760. https://doi.org/10.1086/721760
Brewer W. (1986). What is autobiographical memory? In: Rubin, D.C. (Ed.) Autobiographical Memory (pp. 25–49). Cambridge University Press.
Cermak, L.S. (1984).The episodic semantic distinction in amnesia. In Squire L.R., & Butters N. (Eds). The Neuropsychology of Memory (pp. 55-62). The Guilford Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
semanticization
Decontextualizing process of episodic memories with the passage of time.
Processus de décontextualisation des souvenirs épisodiques au fil du temps.
semantization
sémantisation

Frank Arnould
Maurer, D., Grand, R. L., & Mondloch, C. J. (2002). The many faces of configural processing. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(6), 255-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01903-4
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
configurational processing
A mode of information processing used in expert perception and recognition of objects, such as faces, by taking into account the relationships between the components of the stimulus.
Mode de traitement des informations qui serait utilisé dans la perception et la reconnaissance expertes d'objets, comme les visages, prenant en compte les relations entre les composants du stimulus.
configural processing
traitement configural

Frank Arnould
Chanquoy, L., Tricot, A., & Sweller, J. (2007). La charge cognitive : théorie et applications. Armand Colin.
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
capacité de traitement
charge de travail
charge mentale
cognitive effort
effort cognitif
mental load
processing capacity
workload
Niveau d'effort cognitif en mémoire de travail exigé par une tâche.
The level of cognitive effort in working memory required by a task.

capacités de traitement
charges cognitives
charges mentales
cognitive efforts
efforts cognitifs
processing capacities
charge cognitive
cognitive load

Frank Arnould
Anderson, M. C., & Floresco, S. B. (2022). Prefrontal-hippocampal interactions supporting the extinction of emotional memories: The retrieval stopping model. Neuropsychopharmacology, 47(1), 180–195. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-021-01131-1
2021-09-10
2023-09-04
Effort intentionnel pour terminer la récupération d'un souvenir (Anderson & Floresco, 2022).
Intentional effort for terminating the retrieval of a memory (Anderson & Floresco, 2022).
arrêt de la récupération
retrieval stopping

Folville, A. (2020, February 3). The impact of age on the temporal compression of daily life events in episodic memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/SDHQF
Olivier, J., & D’Argembeau, A. (2022, February 2). Memory editing: the role of temporal discontinuities in the compression of events in episodic memory. https://osf.io/wnpr5
Frank Arnould
D’Argembeau, A., Jeunehomme, O., & Stawarczyk, D. (2022). Slices of the past: How events are temporally compressed in episodic memory. Memory, 30(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1896737
Jeunehomme, O., Folville, A., Stawarczyk, D., Van der Linden, M., & D’Argembeau, A. (2018). Temporal compression in episodic memory for real-life events. Memory, 26, 759–770. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1406120 ​
d’Argembeau, A. (2022). Le temps du souvenir. Revue de neuropsychologie, 14(4), 244–246. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2022.0727
2019-04-24
2023-04-03
A process by which the continuous flow of information experienced during a personal event is summarized in episodic memory by a succession of moments. This process is evidenced by the fact that remembering an event takes less time than experiencing it.
Processus par lequel le flux continu d'informations vécu pendant un événement personnel est résumé en mémoire épisodique par une succession de moments. Ce processus se manifeste par le fait que se souvenir d'un évènement prend moins de temps que le vivre.
compression temporelle
temporal compression

Frank Arnould
Brainerd, C. J., Bialer, D. M., & Chang, M. (2020). Norming retrieval processes. Journal of Memory and Language, 115, 104143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104143
Kahana, M. J. (2020). Computational models of memory search. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 107‑138. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103358
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
memory retrieval
memory search
processus de récupération
recherche en mémoire
recouvrement
remembering
retrieval process
récupération mnésique
search process
trace retrieval
trace utilization
Processus au moyen desquels le sujet retrouve et restitue les informations mémorisées.
The processes by which a person recovers stored information from memory.

retrieval processes
retrieval
récupération

Cook, A. (2022, November 3). Surviving with Story Characters: What Do We Remember? https://osf.io/n5dgw
Dewhurst, S., Anderson, R. J., O’Connor, R., & Dean, G. (2023, January 17). Survival processing and picture memory. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/HXQMF
Forester, G. (2020). Adaptive memory: Independent effects of survival processing and reward motivation on memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/tdyrb/
Nieuwenstein, M., Hansen-Manguikian, L., Yildirim, B., & Ainsworth, S. (2021). Understanding the survival processing advantage for memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/tcevb/
Rummel, J., Kroneisen, M., & Wöstenfeld, F. O. (2019). Survival processing and serial recall [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/U5MK3
Saraiva, M., Garrido, M. V., & Pandeirada, J. N. S. (2019). Survival processing effect in L1 and L2 [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/hqfje/
Scofield, J. E., Buchanan, E. M., & Kostic, B. (2016). A Meta-analysis of the Survival Processing Advantage in Memory [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/6sd8e/
Surviving in a second language: Survival processing effect in memory of bilinguals. (2020). [Data set]. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13186584.v1
Wang, J. (2018). Survival processing and production effect [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/ntvb7/
Wöstenfeld, F. O., Suhaib, A., Kroneisen, M., & Rummel, J. (2019). Does the survival processing memory advantage translate to serial recall? [Data set]. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.2593683
Frank Arnould
Bonin, P., & Bugaiska, A. (2014). « Survivre pour se souvenir ». Une approche novatrice de la mémoire humaine : la mémoire adaptative. L’Année Psychologique, 114(3), 571–610. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503314003066
Cook, A. M., Klin, C. M., & Westerman, D. L. (in press). Surviving with story characters : What do we remember? Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-022-01391-2
Nairne, J. S. (2010). Adaptive memory: Evolutionary constraints on remembering. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 53, p. 1–32). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(10)53001-9
Nairne, J. S., Thompson, S. R., & Pandeirada, J. N. S. (2007). Adaptive memory: Survival processing enhances retention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33(2), 263–273. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.2.263
Schwartz, B. L., Howe, M. L., Toglia, M. P., & Otgaar, H. (Eds.). (2013). What Is Adaptive about Adaptive Memory? Oxford University Press.
Scofield, J. E., Buchanan, E. M., & Kostic, B. (2018). A meta-analysis of the survival-processing advantage in memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(3), 997–1012. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1346-0
2017-12-06
2023-03-27
The processing of stimuli (e.g. words) according to their value in a context of ancestral survival.
Traitement de stimuli (par exemple, des mots) en fonction de leur valeur dans un contexte ancestral de survie.
An example of a survival scenario (Nairne et al., 2007, p. 264) : "In this task, we would like you to imagine that you are stranded in the grasslands of a foreign land, without any basic survival materials. Over the next few months, you’ll need to find steady supplies of food and water and protect yourself from predators. We are going to show you a list of words, and we would like you to rate how relevant each of these words would be for you in this survival situation. Some of the words may be relevant and others may not—it’s up to you to decide."
Exemple de scénario de survie (Nairne et al., 2007, p. 264) : « Dans cette tâche, nous aimerions que vous imaginiez que vous êtes bloqué dans les prairies d’un pays étranger, sans aucun matériel de survie de base. Au cours des prochains mois, vous devrez trouver un approvisionnement régulier en nourriture et en eau et vous protéger des prédateurs. Nous allons vous montrer une liste de mots, et nous aimerions que vous évaluiez la pertinence de chacun de ces mots pour vous dans cette situation de survie. Certains mots peuvent être pertinents et d’autres non – c’est à vous de décider. »
survival processing
traitement de survie

Frank Arnould
2019-05-10
2023-04-03
Processus par lequel des connaissances ou des habiletés acquises au cours d'une tâche influencent la performance dans une autre tâche.
The process by which knowledge or skills acquired during a task influence performance in another task.

transfer
transfert

Frank Arnould
Yonelinas, A. P., Ranganath, C., Ekstrom, A. D., & Wiltgen, B. J. (2019). A contextual binding theory of episodic memory : Systems consolidation reconsidered. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 20(6), 364‑375. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-019-0150-4
2017-12-04
2023-05-30
binding
liage
A process of information integration to form a coherent memory of an object or event.
Processus permettant l'intégration d'informations afin de former un souvenir cohérent d'un objet ou d'un évènement.
liage mnésique
memory binding

Frank Arnould
Jonides, J., & Smith, E. E. (1997). The archirecture of working memory. In M. D. Rugg (Ed.), Cognitive neuroscience (p. 243‑276). MIT Press.
2020-08-20
2023-09-04
En mémoire de travail, processus permettant de différencier les items nouveaux des items anciens qui ne sont plus pertinents.
In working memory, the process by which new items are differentiated from old items that are no longer relevant.
marquage temporel
temporal tagging

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
Les participants étudient successivement deux listes d'items. Puis, ils doivent indiquer si les items sont apparus dans la première ou dans la seconde liste.
Participants successively study two lists of items. Then they are asked to indicate whether an item appeared in the first or in the second list.
judgement of recency
judgements of recency
judgments of recency
jugements de récence
judgment of recency
jugement de récence

Frank Arnould
Crowder, R. G. (1976). Principles of learning and memory. Psychology Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Processus ou information qui empêchent la mémorisation ou la récupération d'une autre information.
The process or information that prevents someone storing or retrieving another information.

interferences
interférences
interference
interférence

Frank Arnould
Hintzman, D. L. (2004). Time versus items in judgment of recency. Memory & cognition, 32(8), 1298–1304. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03206320
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Judgment of the number of presented items since the occurrence of a target item.
Un jugement de récence numérique consiste à évaluer le nombre d'items présentés depuis la précédente occurrence d'un item cible.
jugements de récence numérique
numerical judgement of recency
numerical judgements of recency
numerical judgments of recency
jugement de récence numérique
numerical judgment of recency

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
Processus permettant de traduire une information codée dans son format d'origine.
The process by which coded information is translated into its original format.
decoding
décodage

Frank Arnould
Ianì, F. (2019). Embodied memories : Reviewing the role of the body in memory processes. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(6), 1747–1766. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01674-x
2019-11-27
2023-03-23
motor simulation
sensori-motor simulation
simulation motrice
simulation sensoromotrice
According to the embodied cognition approach, as applied to memory, remembering consists of mentally simulating the past event. This simulation reactivates the same sensorimotor brain regions that were activated during event encoding.
Selon l'approche de la cognition incarnée, appliquée à la mémoire, se souvenir consiste à simuler mentalement l'évènement passé. Cette simulation réactive les mêmes régions cérébrales sensori-motrices que celles activées pendant l'encodage de l'évènement.
mental simulations
motor simulations
sensori-motor simulations
simulation sensori-motrices
simulation sensorimotrices
simulations mentales
simulations motrices
mental simulation
simulation mentale

Frank Arnould
Lieury, A. (1996). Méthodes pour la mémoire : histoire et évaluation. Dunod
Yates, F. (1966). The art of memory. Routledge
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
aide mnémotechnique
aide mnésique
memory aid
memory device
mnemonic device
mnémotechnie
mnémotechnique
Generic term for procedures deliberately used to encode and retrieve information in order to improve memory performance.
Terme générique désignant les procédures utilisées délibérément pour coder ou récupérer des informations afin d’améliorer la performance de la mémoire.

aides mnémotechniques
aides mnésiques
memory aids
mnemonic devices
mnémotechniques
strategies
stratégies
strategy
stratégie

Frank Arnould
McGeoch, J. A. (1932). Forgetting and the law of disuse. Psychological Review, 39(4), 352–370. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0069819
2017-12-04
2021-07-05
Blocage d'une réponse à un indice mnésique par la récupération d'autres réponses associées au même indice.
Blocking of a response to a memory cue by the retrieval of other responses associated to this cue.
inhibition reproductive
reproductive inhibition

Frank Arnould
Chen, Y., Peruggia, M., & Van Zandt, T. (2022). Mutual interference in working memory updating: A hierarchical Bayesian model. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 111, 102706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmp.2022.102706
Morris, N., & Jones, D. M. (1990). Memory updating in working memory: The role of the central executive. British Journal of Psychology, 81(2), 111–121. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1990.tb02349.x
Nir-Cohen, G., Kessler, Y., & Egner, T. (2020). Neural substrates of working memory updating. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 32(12), 2285–2302. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01625
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
processus de mise à jour
updating
updating process
According to task demands, the working memory content must be updated. The updating of the working memory is performed by rejecting old information, reordering items and integrating new information (Berger et al. 1999).
Selon les exigences des tâches à réaliser, le contenu de la mémoire de travail doit être mis à jour. La mise à jour de la mémoire de travail s'effectue en rejetant des informations anciennes, en réordonnant les items et en intégrant de nouvelles informations (Berger et al. 1999).

updating processes
mise à jour de la mémoire de travail
working memory updating

Frank Arnould
Graf, P., & Schacter, D. L. (1989). Unitization and grouping mediate dissociations in memory for new associations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(5), 930-940. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.5.930
2017-12-04
2021-07-05
Association of different memories to create a representation that will be processed as a single entity.
Processus permettant d'associer en mémoire des souvenirs différents afin de créer une représentation qui sera traitée comme une seule entité.
unitisation
unitization

Frank Arnould
Pearson, J. (2019). The human imagination : The cognitive neuroscience of visual mental imagery. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 20(10), 624‑634. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-019-0202-9
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
image visuelle
visual image
Imagerie mentale utilisant la modalité visuelle.
Mental imagery using the visual modality.

images visuelles
visual images
imagerie visuelle
visual imagery

Frank Arnould
Atance, C. M., & O’Neill, D. K. (2001). Episodic future thinking. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 5(12), 533-539. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01804-0
2017-12-04
2021-09-07
prospection sémantique
Imaginer de futurs faits et connaissances conceptuelles non personnels.
Imaging future non-personal facts and conceptual knowledge.
pensée future sémantique
semantic prospection

Branch, J. (2021, September 28). Experimental Design as a Retrieval Method for Assessing the Phenomenological Characteristics of Episodic Memories, Episodic Future Thoughts, and Episodic Counterfactual Thoughts. https://osf.io/6z5ks/
Bø, S., & Wolff, K. (2019, October 4). Episodic future thinking and risk perception. https://osf.io/ygptx/
Bø, S., & Wolff, K. (2020, February 24). Episodic future thinking and climate risk. https://osf.io/h3vqb/
D’Argembeau, A. (2020, June 19). The temporal compression of events during episodic future thinking. https://osf.io/uny8r/
Hollis-Hansen, K. (2019, March 15). Improvements in episodic future thinking methodology: Establishing a standardized episodic thinking control. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6NSQB
Frank Arnould
Addis, D. R., Wong, A. T., & Schacter, D. L. (2007). Remembering the past and imagining the future: Common and distinct neural substrates during event construction and elaboration. Neuropsychologia, 45(7), 1363–1377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.016
Atance, C. M., & O’Neill, D. K. (2001). Episodic future thinking. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 5(12), 533-539. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01804-0
Bulley, A., & Schacter, D. L. (2023). Episodic future thinking, memory, and decision-making. In R. H. Logie, Z. Wen, S. E. Gathercole, N. Cowan, & R. W. Engle (Eds.), Memory in science for society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 123–148). Oxford University Press.
Charretier, L., Eustache, F., & Quinette, P. (2022). La projection vers le futur : neuropsychologie, neuro-imagerie et psychopathologie. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique, 180(1), 60‑65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amp.2021.11.017
Miloyan, B., & McFarlane, K. A. (2019). The measurement of episodic foresight: A systematic review of assessment instruments. Cortex, 117, 351–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2018.08.018
Schacter, D. L., Benoit, R. G., & Szpunar, K. K. (2017). Episodic future thinking: mechanisms and functions. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 17, 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.06.002
Schubert, T., Eloo, R., Scharfen, J., & Morina, N. (2020). How imagining personal future scenarios influences affect: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 75, 101811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101811
Szpunar, K. K. (2010). Episodic future thought: An emerging concept. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(2), 142–162. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691610362350
d’Argembeau, A. (2016). La pensée future épisodique : Entre simulation et contexte autobiographique. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 8(1), 55–59. https://doi-org.inshs.bib.cnrs.fr/10.3917/rne.081.0055
2017-12-04
Morton, C., & MacLeod, A. K. (in press). Vividness of imagery and affective response to episodic memories and episodic future thoughts: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2224609 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
Robins, S. K. (2022). Episodic memory is not for the future. In A. Sant’Anna, C. J. McCarroll, & K. Michaelian (Eds.), Current controversies in philosophy of memory (pp. 166–184). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-07-24
anticipation épisodique
episodic foresight
episodic future thinking
episodic prospection
episodic simulation
pensée épisodique future
projection de soi dans le futur
projection future
projection vers le futur
prospection épisodique
simulation épisodique
Imaginer et vivre à l'avance des épisodes personnels futurs à l'aide de la mémoire épisodique.
Imaging or simulating future personal events, based on episodic memory.
anticipations épisodiques
episodic future thoughts
episodic prospections
episodic simulations
pensées futures épisodiques
prospections épisodiques
simulations épisodiques
episodic future thought
pensée future épisodique

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
auditory image
image auditive
Imagerie mentale utilisant la modalité auditive.
Mental imagery using the auditory modality.

auditory images
images auditives
auditory imagery
imagerie auditive

Frank Arnould
De Brigard, F., & Parikh, N. (2019). Episodic counterfactual thinking. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 28(1), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721418806512
De Brigard, F., Addis, D. R., Ford, J. H., Schacter, D. L., & Giovanello, K. S. (2013). Remembering what could have happened: Neural correlates of episodic counterfactual thinking. Neuropsychologia, 51(12), 2401-2414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.01.015
Schacter, D. L., Benoit, R. G., De Brigard, F., & Szpunar, K. K. (2015). Episodic future thinking and episodic counterfactual thinking: Intersections between memory and decisions. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 117, 14-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.12.008
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
episodic counterfactual thinking
Imaginer ou simuler des alternatives à des évènements personnels passés.
Imagining or simulating alternatives to past personal events.
episodic counterfactual thoughts
pensées contrefactuelles épisodiques
episodic counterfactual thought
pensée contrefactuelle épisodique

Frank Arnould
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (1987). Distinctiveness and the mnemonic benefits of bizarre imagery. In M. A. McDaniel & M. Pressley (Eds.), Imagery and related mnemonic processes: Theories, individual differences, and applications (pp. 78–102). Springer.
Nicolas, S., & Gounden, Y. (2011). L’imagerie bizarre et la mémoire. Psychologie Française, 56(4), 203–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2011.10.002
Worthen, J. B. (2006). Resolution of discrepant memory strengths: An explanation of the effects of bizarreness on memory. In R. R. Hunt & J. B. Worthen (Eds.), Distinctiveness and memory (pp. 133–156). Oxford University Press.
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
Bizarre items are better memorized when they are presented with common or plausible items.
Les items bizarres sont les mieux mémorisés lorsqu'ils sont présentés avec des items communs ou plausibles.

bizarreness effect
effet de la bizarrerie

Frank Arnould
Michaelian, K. (2016). Mental time travel: Episodic memory and our knowledge of the personal past. The MIT Press.
Michaelian, K., Perrin, D., & Sant’Anna, A. (2020). Continuities and discontinuities between imagination and memory: The view from philosophy. In A. Abraham (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of the Imagination (pp. 293–310). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108580298.019
Perrin, D. (2021). Embodied episodic memory: A new case for causalism? Intellectica, 74, 229–252.
2021-08-11
2023-09-04
Kourken Michaelian
approche simulationniste
simulationism
simulationist approach
simulationnisme
En philosophie, théorie selon laquelle se souvenir consiste à imaginer un épisode de notre passé personnel (Michaelian, 2016).
In philosophy, the theory that remembering consists of imagining an episode from our personal past (Michaelian, 2016).
simulation theory
théorie simulationniste

Frank Arnould
Paivio, A. (1969). Mental imagery in associative learning and memory. Psychological Review, 76(3), 241-263. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027272
2017-12-04
2022-02-25
dual-code hypothesis
hypothèse du double code
Theory proposed by Paivio which suggests that stimuli may be encoded pictorially, verbally or both, depending on their nature.
Théorie proposée par Paivio selon laquelle des stimuli peuvent être codés de façon imagée ou verbale ou les deux à la fois selon leur nature.
Issue des travaux du psychologue canadien Paivio dans les années 60, la théorie du double codage estime que le code imagé est d'autant plus utilisé que le sujet doit traiter des éléments concrets. Le code verbal, certes moins dépendant du caractère concret ou non d'une situation, est efficace dans le traitement des situations abstraites.  Paivio a d'abord montré que les mots concrets ont une plus grande probabilité de susciter une image mentale que les mots abstraits, ce qui a permis d'établir des normes d'imagerie pour les mots. Lorsque des sujets doivent mémoriser des mots, il apparaît que le rappel est meilleur pour les mots concrets (à forte imagerie) que pour les mots abstraits (à faible imagerie). L'interprétation qui a été faite de ce résultat est de supposer que les mots concrets ont subi un double codage (imagé et verbal) qui facilite le rappel comparativement aux mots abstraits qui n'ont été codés que verbalement. Les expérimentations comparant la mémorisation des images par rapport à la mémoire des mots apportent des preuves supplémentaires en faveur de la théorie. Dans une expérience de Ducharme et Fraisse de 1965, les auteurs ont comparé les conditions suivantes : présentation de dessins, présentation de dessins + dénomination, présentation de mots. La mémoire des sujets dans les conditions dessins + dénomination et dessins seuls est équivalente mais supérieure à la situation mots seuls. Les dessins suscitent donc les mots et sont codés de façon imagée et verbale.
Originating from the work of the Canadian psychologist Paivio in the 1960s, the dual coding theory considers that the visual code is used more often when the subject has to process concrete elements. The verbal code, although less dependent on the concreteness of a situation, is effective in processing abstract situations.  Paivio first showed that concrete words have a greater probability of eliciting a visual image than abstract words, and this led to the establishment of imagery norms for words. When subjects are asked to memorize words, it appears that recall is better for concrete words (high imagery) than for abstract words (low imagery). The interpretation that has been made of this result is to assume that concrete words have undergone a double coding (visual and verbal) that facilitates recall compared to abstract words that have been coded only verbally. Experiments comparing picture versus word memory provide additional evidence in favor of the theory. In a 1965 experiment by Ducharme and Fraisse, the authors compared the following conditions: presentation of drawings, presentation of drawings + naming, presentation of words. The memory of subjects in the drawings + naming and drawings alone conditions was equivalent to but superior to the words alone situation. Drawings thus elicit words and are coded in a visual and verbal manner.

dual coding theory
théorie du double codage

Frank Arnould
Intons-Peterson, M. J., & Fournier, J. (1986). External and internal memory aids: When and how often do we use them? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115(3), 267–280. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.115.3.267
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
aide interne
internal aid
A strategy mentally performed by the subject to enhance the encoding or retrieval in memory.
Type de stratégie que le sujet réalise mentalement afin d’aider le codage ou la récupération des souvenirs en mémoire.
aides internes
internal aids
internal strategies
stratégies internes
internal strategy
stratégie interne

Frank Arnould
Geurten, M., Meulemans, T., & Willems, S. (2018). A closer look at children’s metacognitive skills: The case of the distinctiveness heuristic. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 172, 130–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2018.03.007
Lampinen, J. M., & Odegard, T. N. (2006). Memory editing mechanisms. Memory, 14(6), 649–654. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210600648407
2022-04-05
2023-09-04
editing process
memory-editing mechanism
memory-editing operation
"mechanisms people use to avoid false memories" (Geurten et al., 2018, p. 131).
Processus par lequel les personnes révisent leurs souvenirs pour en détecter des incohérences et inexactitudes afin d’écarter les faux souvenirs (Lampinen & Odegard, 2006).
editing mechanism
editing mechanisms
editing operation
editing operations
editing processes
memory editing mechanisms
memory editing processes
memory editing strategies
memory editing strategy
memory-editing mechanisms
memory-editing processes
memory-editing strategies
memory-editing strategy
memory-editing process
processus de révision mnésique

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114(1), 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Mitchell, K. J. (2017). Definition: Source monitoring. Cortex, 96, 129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.07.009 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-03-21
contrôle de la source
maîtrise de la source
monitorage de la source
"Source monitoring is the mental activity of making attributions about the origin of subjective experiences." (Mitchell, 2017, p. 129).
« La surveillance de la source est l'activité mentale consistant à attribuer une origine aux expériences subjectives. » (Mitchell, 2017, p. 129).

source monitoring
surveillance de la source

Frank Arnould
Son, L. K., & Kornell, N. (2008). Research on the allocation of study time: Key studies from 1890 to the present (and beyond). In J. Dunlovsky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Handbook of metamemory and memory (pp. 333–351). New York: Psychology Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
Assigning a learning duration for memorizing items.
Attribution d’une durée d’apprentissage pour mémoriser un matériel.
allocation d’un temps d’étude
allocation of study time

Heald, J. B., Lengyel, M., & Wolpert, D. M. (2022). Contextual inference in learning and memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2022.10.004
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-22
Psychologie
Psychology
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
« un changement dans la façon dont les souvenirs spécifiques au contexte sont différentiellement exprimés en raison d'un changement de croyance sur le contexte actuel. Sur la base du seul comportement, il peut sembler qu'un apprentissage proprement dit ait eu lieu, d'où son nom. » (Heald et al., sous presse).
“a change in how context-speciﬁc memories are differentially expressed due to a change in belief about the current context. Based on behavior alone, it may appear as though proper learning has taken place, hence the name.“ (Heald et al., in press).
apparent learning
apprentissage apparent

Frank Arnould
Christiansen, M. H. (2019). Implicit statistical learning: A tale of two literatures. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(3), 468–481. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12332
Meulemans, T. (1998). L'apprentissage implicite : une approche cognitive, neuropsychologique et développementale. Marseille.
Perruchet, P., Nicolas, S. (1998). L'apprentissage implicite : un débat théorique. Psychologie Française, 43(1), 13-25.
Reber, A. S., & Allen, R. (Eds.). (2022). The cognitive unconscious: The first half century. Oxford University Press Inc.
Reber, A.S. (1993). Implicit learning and tacit knowledge: An essay on the cognitive unconscious. Oxford University Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
Apprentissage de règles, d’évènements non identifiés explicitement par le sujet.
Learning of rules and events that the subject has not explicitly identified.

apprentissages implicites
apprentissage implicite
implicit learning

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
Sweatt, J. D. (2010). Mechanisms of memory (2nd ed.). Academic Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Generic term used for any kind of learning resulting in an increase or disappearance of a response to a repeated stimulus.
Terme générique désignant des formes d’apprentissage se manifestant par l’augmentation ou la disparition d’une réponse à un stimulus répété.

apprentissages non associatifs
apprentissage non associatif
non-associative learning

Frank Arnould
Cooper, E., Greve, A., & Henson, R. N. (2019). Little evidence for Fast Mapping (FM) in adults: A review and discussion. Cognitive Neuroscience, 10(4), 196–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2018.1542376
Cooper, E., Tibon, R., Greve, A., & Henson, R. (2022). No evidence of fast mapping in healthy adults using an implicit memory measure: Failures to replicate the lexical competition results of Coutanche and Thompson‐Schill (2014). PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zt26c
Sharon, T., Moscovitch, M., & Gilboa, A. (2011). Rapid neocortical acquisition of long-term arbitrary associations independent of the hippocampus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(3), 1146‑1151. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1005238108
2020-09-10
2023-09-04
Cooper, E., Tibon, R., Greve, A., & Henson, R. (2022). No evidence of fast mapping in healthy adults using an implicit memory measure: Failures to replicate the lexical competition results of Coutanche and Thompson‐Schill (2014). PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zt26c
Process for the rapid acquisition of new information in the neocortex, without the involvement of the hippocampus.
Processus permettant l'acquisition rapide dans le néocortex de nouvelles informations, indépendamment de l'implication de l'hippocampe.

fast mapping
fast mapping process
processus d'alignement rapide

Frank Arnould
Blodgett,, H. C. (1929). The effect of the introduction of reward upon the maze performance of rats. University of California Publications in Psychology, 4, 113–134.
Tolman, E. C., & Honzik, C. H. (1930). “Insight” in rats. University of California Publications in Psychology, 4, 215–232.
2017-12-04
2023-04-04
Form of learning without reinforcement, which is only overtly expressed when the reinforcement is introduced.
Forme d’apprentissage se réalisant sans renforcement, de manière « invisible », et ne se manifestant explicitement qu’avec l’introduction d’un renforcement.

apprentissages latents
apprentissage latent
latent learning

Frank Arnould
Le Ny, J.-F. (1980). Le conditionnement et l’apprentissage (6ème édition). Presses Universitaires de France.
Skinner, B. F. (1938). The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis. Appleton-Century-Croft, Inc.
2017-12-04
2022-02-01
"Increase in the strength of a reaction by the presentation of a suitable stimulus." (Le Ny, 1980, p. 191).
« Augmentation de la force d’une réaction par la présentation d’un stimulus adéquat. » (Le Ny, 1980, p. 191).

reinforcements
renforcements
reinforcement
renforcement

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
Generic term for all forms of association based-learning between a stimulus and a response or between stimuli.
Terme générique désignant toute forme d’apprentissage d’association entre un stimulus et une réponse ou entre stimuli.

apprentissages associatifs
apprentissage associatif
associative learning

Frank Arnould
Prettyman, A. (2018). Perceptual learning. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, e1489. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1489
2019-03-19
2022-01-13
Amélioration durable de la perception d’un stimulus par la pratique et l’expérience.
Long-lasting improvement in the perception of a stimulus with practice and experience.

apprentissages perceptifs
apprentissage perceptif
perceptual learning

Frank Arnould
Landau, B., Smith, L. B., & Jones, S. S. (1988). The importance of shape in early lexical learning. Cognitive Development, 3(3), 299‑321. https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-2014(88)90014-7
Weaver, J. (2015). How one-shot learning unfolds in the brain. PLOS Biology, 13(4), e1002138. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002138
2020-09-10
2023-09-04
acquisition en une fois
one-shot acquisition
Apprentissage d'une nouvelle information après une seule présentation de cette information.
Learning new information after that information has only been presented once.
apprentissage en une fois
one-shot learning

Frank Arnould
Beaunieux, H. (2023). L’évaluation de la mémoire procédurale. In H. Amieva, P. Azouvi, E. Barbeau, & F. Colette (Éds.), Traité de neuropsychologie de l’adulte: Tome 1. Évaluation (p. 231‑240). De Boeck Supérieur.
Bo, J., Langan, J., & Seidler, R. D. (2008). Cognitive neuroscience of skill acquisition. In Advances in Psychology (Vol. 139, pp. 101–112). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4115(08)10009-7
2017-12-04
2023-08-22
apprentissage d'une habileté
apprentissage procédural
procedural learning
skill learning
Amélioration de la facilité avec laquelle une tâche est réalisée au fur et à mesure des essais.
Improvement of the ease with which a task is performed over trials.
apprentissages procéduraux
acquisition d’une habileté
skill acquisition

Frank Arnould
Bandura, A. (1980). L’apprentissage social. Mardaga
2018-11-05
2023-03-23
Acquisition d'informations, d'un comportement ou modification d'un comportement à la suite d'interactions sociales avec d'autres congénères.
The acquisition of information, behavior, or change in behavior as a result of social interactions with other conspecifics.

apprentissages sociaux
apprentissage social
social learning

Frank Arnould
Barrouillet, P., Bernardin, S., & Camos, V. (2004). Time constraints and resource sharing in adults’ working memory spans. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133(1), 83–100. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.133.1.83
Camos, V., Johnson, M., Loaiza, V., Portrat, S., Souza, A., & Vergauwe, E. (2018). What is attentional refreshing in working memory? Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1424(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13616
Raye, C. L., Johnson, M. K., Mitchell, K. J., Greene, E. J., & Johnson, M. R. (2007). Refreshing : A minimal executive function. Cortex, 43(1), 135–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70451-9
2017-12-04
2022-03-31
"a domain-general maintenance mechanism that relies on attention to keep mental representations active." (Camos et al., 2019, p.19).
Mécanisme de maintien des informations en mémoire de travail par une focalisation de l'attention sur un item à se souvenir, lui permettant de rester actif.
attentional refreshing
rafraichissement attentionel

Frank Arnould
Benoni, H., & Ressler, I. (2020). Dichotomy, trichotomy, or a spectrum : Time to reconsider attentional guidance terminology. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02243
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
influence ascendante
traitement dirigé par les données
Information processing beginning by the analysis of the stimulus perceptual features (e.g. spatial frequency, luminance, etc.).
Type de traitement de l'information lié à l'analyse du stimulus (par exemple sa fréquence spatiale, sa luminance...)
influences ascendantes
traitements ascendants
traitements dirigés par les données
bottom-up processing
traitement ascendant

Frank Arnould
Birnboim, S. (2003). The automatic and controlled information-processing dissociation: Is it still relevant? Neuropsychology Review, 13(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022348506064
Schneider, W., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1977). Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention. Psychological review, 84(1), 1-66. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.1.1
2017-12-04
2022-02-05
Type de traitement des informations attentionnel, sujet aux interférences et mettant en jeu des stratégies.
Type of attentional information processing, subject to interference and involving the use of strategies.
traitements contrôlés
controlled processing
traitement contrôlé

Frank Arnould
Raaijmakers, J. G. W. (2018). Inhibition in memory. In J. H. Wixted (Ed.), Stevens’ Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience (pp. 251–284). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119170174.epcn108
Werner, K. M., Inzlicht, M., & Ford, B. Q. (2022). Whither inhibition? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 31(4), 333‑339. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221095848
2022-05-12
2023-09-04
suppression
suppression
An active process that reduces the level of activation of a memory trace and makes it less accessible.
Processus actif qui réduit le niveau d’activation d’une trace mnésique et la rend moins accessible.

inhibition
inhibition

Frank Arnould
Birnboim, S. (2003). The automatic and controlled information-processing dissociation: Is it still relevant? Neuropsychology Review, 13(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022348506064
Schneider, W., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1977). Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention. Psychological review, 84(1), 1-66. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.1.1
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
A type of information processing that does not require attention, is insensitive to interference, is triggered when conditions are met, and is difficult to stop.
Type de traitement des informations ne nécessitant pas d'attention, peu sensible aux interférences, déclenché dès que les conditions sont réunies et difficile à arrêter.
traitements automatiques
automatic processing
traitement automatique

Frank Arnould
Benoni, H., & Ressler, I. (2020). Dichotomy, trichotomy, or a spectrum : Time to reconsider attentional guidance terminology. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02243
2017-12-04
2022-04-07
influence descendante
traitement dirigé par les concepts
Information processing using pre-existing representations to process new information or events.
Type de traitement de l'information consistant à utiliser des représentations existantes pour traiter de nouvelles informations ou événements.
influences descendantes
traitements descendants
traitements dirigés par les concepts
top-down processing
traitement descendant

Frank Arnould
Maquestiaux, F. (2017). Psychologie de l’attention (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2018-08-03
2021-08-26
Processus consistant à porter attention aux stimuli qui sont pertinents pour mener à bien une tâche et à ignorer ceux qui ne le sont pas.
The process of paying attention to stimuli that are relevant to a task and ignoring those that are not.

attention sélective
selective attention

Frank Arnould
Beaudry, O., Neath, I., Surprenant, A. M., & Tehan, G. (2014). The focus of attention is similar to other memory systems rather than uniquely different. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00056
Cowan,N.(1999).An embedded-processes model of working memory. In A. Myake & P. Shah (Eds.), Models of Working Memory: Mechanisms of Active Maintenance and Executive Control, (pp. 32-101). Cambridge University Press.
Oberauer, K. (2013). The focus of attention in working memory--from metaphors to mechanisms. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00673
2017-12-04
2022-03-31
attentional focus
attentional focusing
focalisation attentionnelle
focus de l'attention
scope attentionnel
Dans certains modèles de la mémoire de travail, processus par lequel l'attention est dirigée vers un sous-ensemble des informations activées en mémoire de travail, les rendant plus facilement et rapidement accessibles. En fonction des auteurs, le focus de l'attention est limité à quatre blocs (chunks) d'items ou à un seul.
In some models of working memory, process whereby attention is directed to a subset of activated information in working memory, making them more readily accessible. Depending on the authors, the focus of attention is limited to one or four chunks of information.
focus attentionnel
focus of attention

Frank Arnould
Bouquet, C. A., Bonnin, C., & Gaonac’h, D. (2013). Approche intégrative du contrôle exécutif dans le paradigme de permutation de tâche. L’Année Psychologique, 113(1), 123–155. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503313001061
Monsell, S. (2003). Task switching. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(3), 134–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00028-7
Vandierendonck, A. (2012). Role of working memory in task switching. Psychologica Belgica, 52(2–3). https://doi.org/10.5334/pb-52-2-3-229
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
alternance attentionnelle
attention switching
permutation de tâche
Processus par lequel l'attention est réaffectée lorsque le sujet passe d'une tâche à une autre.
The process whereby attention is reallocated when the subject is switching from a task to another.

alternances attentionnelles
alternances de tâches
permutations de tâches
alternance de tâches
task switching

Frank Arnould
Maquestiaux, F. (2017). Psychologie de l’attention (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2023-05-31
attention partagée
division de l'attention
Capacité à répartir l’attention sur plusieurs stimuli ou entre des tâches réalisées simultanément.
The process of allocating attention to more than one stimulus or between tasks performed simultaneously.

attention divisée
divided attention

Lucas, J. J. A., Ivnik, R. R. J., Smith, G. G. E., Bohac, D. D. L., Tangalos, E. E. G., Kokmen, E. E., Graff-Radford, N. N. R., & Petersen, R. R. C. (1998). Normative data for the mattis dementia rating scale. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, 20(4), 536–547. https://doi.org/10.1076/jcen.20.4.536.1469
Matteau, E., Dupré, N., Langlois, M., Jean, L., Thivierge, S., Provencher, P., & Simard, M. (2011). Mattis Dementia Rating Scale 2: Screening for MCI and dementia. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease & Other Dementias®, 26(5), 389–398. https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317511412046
2023-03-29
Frank Arnould
2023-03-31
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Homme
Human
DRS
Dementia Rating Scale
MDRS
MDRS-2
MDRS-Second Edition
Mattis Dementia Rating Scale 2
test de Mattis
échelle de Mattis
« a measure of general cognitive status commonly used both in clinical practice and research. The scale is divided into five subtests, measuring attention, verbal and motor initiation and perseveration, visuospatial construction, conceptualization, and memory. Items are arranged hierarchically, so that more difficult items are presented first. If an individual performs adequately on the initial items within a given section, full credit is given for the remaining items in that same section. » (Lucas et al., 1998, p. 537).
« mesure de l'état cognitif général couramment utilisée à la fois en pratique clinique et en recherche. L'échelle est divisée en cinq sous-tests, mesurant l'attention, l'initiation et la persévération verbales et motrices, la construction visuospatiale, la conceptualisation et la mémoire. Les items sont classés hiérarchiquement, de sorte que les items les plus difficiles sont présentés en premier. Si une personne réussit correctement les items initiaux d'une section donnée, un crédit complet est accordé pour les items restants de cette même section. » (Lucas et al., 1998, p. 537).
Mattis Dementia Rating Scale
échelle de démence de Mattis

Fansher, M., Shah, P., & Hélie, S. (2022). The effect of mode of presentation on Tower of Hanoi problem solving. Cognition, 224, 105041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105041
2023-08-22
Frank Arnould
2023-08-22
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Lucas' Tower
TOH
Tour de Lucas
Tower of Brahma
Tower of Hanoi disk-transfer task
Tower of Hanoi problem
Tower of Hanoi puzzle
Tower of Hanoi test
problem of Benares Temple
problème de la Tour de Hanoï
pyramid puzzle
test de la Tour de Hanoï
"In the standard 3-disk TOH [Tower of Hanoi] puzzle, three disks of different sizes are stacked on a peg such that the largest disk is at the bottom and the smallest on top […]. There are three total pegs, and the goal is to re-stack the disks on the third peg with the following constraints (1) only one disk can be moved at a time, (2) a larger disk cannot be placed on top of a smaller disk and (3) a disk cannot be moved if there is another disk on top of it. There are countless variations of the task (for example, with different start and end states, different numbers of disks, and isomorphic contexts)." (Fansher et al., 2022, p. 1).
« Dans la version standard de la Tour de Hanoï à trois disques, trois disques de diamètres différentes sont empilés sur un piquet, le plus grand se trouvant en bas et le plus petit en haut […]. Il y a trois piquets au total, et le but est de ré-empiler les disques sur le troisième piquet avec les contraintes suivantes : (1) un seul disque peut être déplacé à la fois, (2) un disque plus grand ne peut pas être placé sur un disque plus petit et (3) un disque ne peut pas être déplacé s'il y a un autre disque au-dessus de lui. Il existe d'innombrables variantes de cette tâche (par exemple, avec des états de départ et d'arrivée différents, des nombres de disques différents et des contextes isomorphes). » (Fansher et al., 2022, p. 1).

Tour de Hanoï
Tower of Hanoï
Tower of Hanoi task
tâche de la Tour de Hanoï

Frank Arnould
Grant, D. A., & Berg, E. (1948). A behavioral analysis of degree of reinforcement and ease of shifting to new responses in a Weigl-type card-sorting problem. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38(4), 404–411. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0059831
Nyhus, E., & Barceló, F. (2009). The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the cognitive assessment of prefrontal executive functions: A critical update. Brain and Cognition, 71(3), 437–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2009.03.005
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
Neuropsychological test for the assessment of cognitive flexibility. The general principle of the test is as follows. The subject is asked to classify cards according to a rule that he/she must discover according to the feedback on his/her answers given by the experimenter. When the rule is mastered, a new rule is introduced.
Test neuropsychologique pour l’évaluation de la flexibilité cognitive. Le principe général de l’épreuve est le suivant. Le sujet doit classer des cartes selon une règle qu’il doit découvrir en fonction des retours sur ses réponses que lui donne l’expérimentateur. Dès que la règle est maîtrisée, une nouvelle règle est introduite.

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
test de classement de cartes du Wisconsin

Frank Arnould
2022-03-07
2023-09-04
tâche de fluence verbale
verbal fluency task
A generic term for any task in which the subject is asked to generate words in a limited amount of time that meet some criterion (e.g., words that belong to a semantic category or begin with a particular letter).
Terme générique qui désigne toute tâche dans laquelle le sujet est invité à générer des mots en un temps limité répondant à un critère particulier (par exemple, des mots appartenant à une catégorie sémantique ou commençant par une lettre spécifique).
tests de fluence verbale
tâches de fluence verbale
verbal fluency tasks
verbal fluency tests
test de fluence verbale
verbal fluency test

Frank Arnould
Diamond, A. (2013). Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750
Raaijmakers, J. G. W. (2018). Inhibition in memory. In J. H. Wixted (Ed.), Stevens’ Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience (pp. 251–284). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119170174.epcn108
2017-12-04
2023-04-19
inhibition d'une réponse
response inhibition
Capacité à éviter d’être distrait par des stimuli non pertinents afin de poursuivre la réalisation d’une tâche cognitive et à pouvoir empêcher la production d’une réponse habituelle.
« controlling one’s attention, behavior, thoughts, and/or emotions to override a strong internal predisposition or external lure » (Diamond, 2013, p. 136).

contrôle inhibiteur
inhibitory control

Garry, M., & Taylor, A. (2021, October 11). Evidence from the trauma film paradigm that traumatic and non-traumatic memories are statistically equivalent on coherence. https://osf.io/uqtn6/
Lau-Zhu, A., Henson, R., Holmes, E. A., & Millroth, P. (2021, April 12). Selectively interfering with intrusive but not voluntary memories of a trauma film: Accounting for the role of associative memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PQW2S
Frank Arnould
Horowitz, M. J. (1969). Psychic trauma : Return of images after a stress film. Archives of General Psychiatry, 20(5), 552‑559. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1969.01740170056008
James, E. L., Lau-Zhu, A., Clark, I. A., Visser, R. M., Hagenaars, M. A., & Holmes, E. A. (2016). The trauma film paradigm as an experimental psychopathology model of psychological trauma : Intrusive memories and beyond. Clinical Psychology Review, 47, 106‑142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.04.010
Lazarus, R. S. (1964). A laboratory approach to the dynamics of psychological stress. American Psychologist, 19(6), 400‑411. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0041245
2022-02-28
2023-09-04
clip traumatique
trauma clip
Experimental paradigm for studying post-traumatic stress disorder in the laboratory, specifically the emergence of intrusive memories. Participants are shown movies with unpleasant or aversive content.
Paradigme expérimental pour étudier en laboratoire le trouble du stress post-traumatique, en particulier l’émergence de souvenirs intrusifs. Les participants sont exposés à des films dont le contenu est déplaisant ou aversif.
clips traumatiques
film traumatique
films traumatiques
trauma clips
trauma film
trauma films
paradigme du film traumatique
trauma film paradigm

Frank Arnould
Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2006). The Centrality of Event Scale : A measure of integrating a trauma into one’s identity and its relation to post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44(2), 219‑231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2005.01.009
2022-01-14
2023-09-04
CES
A questionnaire "to measure the extent to which a memory for a stressful event forms a reference point for personal identity and for the attribution of meaning to other experiences in a person’s life." (Bernsten & Rubin, 2006, p. 220).
Questionnaire « visant à mesurer dans quelle mesure le souvenir d'un événement stressant constitue un point de référence pour l'identité personnelle et pour l'attribution d'un sens à d'autres expériences de la vie d'une personne. » (Bernsten & Rubin, 2006, p. 220).
Centality of Event Scale
Échelle de centralité des évènements

Badawi, A., & Berle, D. (2021, October 31). Intrusive memories following a computerised task. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/VUTCW
Brennen, T., Fjeld-Solberg, Ø., Nissen, A., & Blix, I. (2021, June 18). Reducing the frequency of intrusive memories using a visuospatial interference intervention. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/68VX5
Help to Forget : Helping Post Experimental Trauma Reduces Subsequent Intrusive Memories. (2018). [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/QP69X
Lau-Zhu, A., Henson, R., Holmes, E. A., & Millroth, P. (2021, April 12). Selectively interfering with intrusive but not voluntary memories of a trauma film: Accounting for the role of associative memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PQW2S
Liu, S., Folstein, J., Appelbaum, L. G., & Tenenbaum, G. (2020, May 26). The mechanism of controlling unwanted intrusive thoughts. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/YDMSV
Singh, L., Holmes, E. A., Moulds, M. L., Prof, Kanstrup, M., & Gamble, B. (2021, January 19). Reducing Intrusive Memories After Trauma via a Brief Cognitive Task Intervention in the Hospital Emergency Department: an Exploratory Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial. https://osf.io/nma5q/
Varma, M. M., & Hu, X. (2021, November 28). Prosocial Behaviour Reduces Unwanted Intrusions of Experimental Traumatic Memories. https://osf.io/jvf5a/
Visser, R. M., Henson, R., & Holmes, E. A. (2021, August 17). A naturalistic paradigm to investigate post-encoding neural activation patterns in relation to subsequent voluntary and intrusive recall of distressing events. https://osf.io/ucen5/
Voss, M. (2018, November 21). Does transcranial direct current stimulation affect post-stressor intrusive memories and rumination? An experimental analogue study. https://osf.io/bcq6y/
Frank Arnould
Herz, N., Bar-Haim, Y., Holmes, E. A., & Censor, N. (2020). Intrusive memories : A mechanistic signature for emotional memory persistence. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 135, 103752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2020.103752
Iyadurai, L., Visser, R. M., Lau-Zhu, A., Porcheret, K., Horsch, A., Holmes, E. A., & James, E. L. (2019). Intrusive memories of trauma : A target for research bridging cognitive science and its clinical application. Clinical Psychology Review, 69, 67‑82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2018.08.005
Marks, E. H., Franklin, A. R., & Zoellner, L. A. (2018). Can’t get it out of my mind : A systematic review of predictors of intrusive memories of distressing events. Psychological Bulletin, 144(6), 584‑640. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000132
Payne, A., Kralj, A., Young, J., & Meiser-Stedman, R. (2019). The prevalence of intrusive memories in adult depression : A meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 253, 193‑202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.055
2022-02-28
2023-09-04
intrusion de souvenirs
memory intrusion
Désigne généralement le souvenir d’un évènement émotionnellement négatif qui entre involontairement et de manière récurrente dans la conscience. Ce phénomène se rencontre tout particulièrement dans le trouble du stress post-traumatique et dans la dépression.
Usually refers to the memory of an emotionally negative event that involuntarily and recurrently enters consciousness. This phenomenon is particularly common in post-traumatic stress disorder and in depression.
intrusions de souvenirs
intrusive memories
memory intrusions
souvenirs intrusifs
intrusive memory
souvenir intrusif

Frank Arnould
Ehlers, A., & Clark, D. M. (2000). A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38(4), 319‑345. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(99)00123-0
Grey, N., & Holmes, E. A. (2008). “Hotspots” in trauma memories in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: A replication. Memory, 16(7), 788–796. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210802266446
Grey, N., Holmes, E., & Brewin, C. R. (2001). Peritraumatic emotional “hot spots” in memory. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 29(3), 367‑372. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465801003095
Grey, N., Young, K., & Holmes, E. (2002). Cognitive restructuring within reliving : A treatment for peritraumatic emotional “hotspots” in posttraumatic stress disorder. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 30(1), 37‑56. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465802001054
Holmes, E. A., Grey, N., & Young, K. A. D. (2005). Intrusive images and “hotspots” of trauma memories in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder : An exploratory investigation of emotions and cognitive themes. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 36(1), 3‑17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2004.11.002
Hoppe, J. M., Walldén, Y. S. E., Kanstrup, M., Singh, L., Agren, T., Holmes, E. A., & Moulds, M. L. (2022). Hotspots in the immediate aftermath of trauma – Mental imagery of worst moments highlighting time, space and motion. Consciousness and Cognition, 99, 103286. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2022.103286 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
Nielsen, N. P., & Berntsen, D. (2022). How posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms affect memory for new events and their “hotspots” over a long delay. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3898
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Grey, N., & Holmes, E. A. (2008). “Hotspots” in trauma memories in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: A replication. Memory, 16(7), 788–796. doi:10.1080/09658210802266446
Hoppe, J. M., Walldén, Y. S. E., Kanstrup, M., Singh, L., Agren, T., Holmes, E. A., & Moulds, M. L. (2022). Hotspots in the immediate aftermath of trauma – Mental imagery of worst moments highlighting time, space and motion. Consciousness and Cognition, 99, 103286. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2022.103286
Ce terme désigne les souvenirs détaillés du moment de détresse émotionnelle le plus intense d'un évènement traumatique.
This term refers to detailed memories of the most intense moment of emotional distress from a traumatic event.
hotspots
hotspots
hotspot
hotspot

Frank Arnould
Yerkes, R. M., & Dodson, J. D. (1908). The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit-formation. Journal of comparative neurology and psychology, 18(5), 459–482. http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Yerkes/Law/
2017-12-04
2021-08-10
La loi de Yerkes-Dodson (1908) énonce qu'il existe une relation en forme de U inversé entre la performance cognitive et le niveau d'éveil (arousal). Autrement dit, les niveaux extrêmes d'éveil détériorent la performance, celle-ci étant meilleure si le niveau d'éveil est modéré.
The Yerkes-Dodson's law (1908) states that there is a reversed U-shaped relationship between cognitive performance and the level of arousal. In other words, extreme levels of arousal deteriorate performance. Performance is best when arousal level is moderate.

Yerkes-Dodson's law
loi de Yerkes-Dodson

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Bernstein, D., Scoboria, A., Desjarlais, L., & Soucie, K. (2018). “False memory” is a linguistic convenience. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 5(2), 161–179. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000148 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2005). The Science of False Memory. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Brainerd, C. J., Bialer, D. M., & Chang, M. (2022). Fuzzy-trace theory and false memory : Meta-analysis of conjoint recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48, 1680‑1697. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001040 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Corson, Y., & Verrier, N. (2013). Les faux souvenirs. De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
El Haj, M., Colombel, F., Kapogiannis, D., & Gallouj, K. (2020). False memory in Alzheimer’s disease. Behavioural Neurology, 2020, e5284504. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5284504 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Flowe, H. D., & Schreiber Compo, N. (2021). The lack of robust evidence for the effects of alcohol on false memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 127, 332–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.029 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Griego, A. W., Datzman, J. N., Estrada, S. M., & Middlebrook, S. S. (2019). Suggestibility and false memories in relation to intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder: A meta‐analytic review. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 63(12), 1464–1474. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12668 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
Huff, M. J., Bodner, G. E., & Fawcett, J. M. (2015). Effects of distinctive encoding on correct and false memory:A meta-analytic review of costs and benefits and their origins in the DRM paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 22(2), 349‑365. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-014-0648-8 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
Kaplan, R. L., Van Damme, I., Levine, L. J., & Loftus, E. F. (2016). Emotion and false memory. Emotion Review, 8(1), 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073915601228 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Kurkela, K. A., & Dennis, N. A. (2016). Event-related fMRI studies of false memory: An Activation Likelihood Estimation meta-analysis. Neuropsychologia, 81, 149–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.12.006 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Mazerolle, M., Smith, A. M., Torrance, M., & Thomas, A. K. (2021). Understanding older adults’ memory distortion in the light of stereotype threat. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 628696. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.628696 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
McLachlan, E., Rai, S., Al-Shihabi, A., Huntley, J., Burgess, N., Howard, R., & Reeves, S. (2020). Neuroimaging correlates of false memory in ’Alzheimer’s disease: A preliminary systematic review. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 296, 111021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.111021 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Millin, P. M., & Riccio, D. C. (2019). False memory in nonhuman animals. Learning & Memory, 26(10), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.050054.119 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
Nash, R. A., & Ost, J. (Eds.). (2017). False and distorted memories. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Newbury, C. R., & Monaghan, P. (2019). When does sleep affect veridical and false memory consolidation? A meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(2), 387–400. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1528-4 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Muris, P., & Merckelbach, H. (2019). Dealing with false memories in children and adults: Recommendations for the legal arena. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 6(1), 87–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732218818584 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., & Patihis, L. (2022). What science tells us about false and repressed memories. Memory, 30(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1870699 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Yu, J., Tao, Q., Zhang, R., Chan, C. C. H., & Lee, T. M. C. (2019). Can fMRI discriminate between deception and false memory? A meta-analytic comparison between deception and false memory studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.027 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
2023-09-05
distorsion de la mémoire
distorsion mnésique
erreur de la mémoire
erreur mnésique
false remembering
illusion de la mémoire
illusion mnésique
memory distortion
memory error
memory illusion
misremembering
pseudo-mémoire
pseudo-souvenir
A broader term for an erroneous memory that a person holds to be true. A false memory can occur in two ways: either a false memory of an entire event that never happened, or a false memory that is a modification of a past event.
Terme général désignant un souvenir erroné qu'une personne tient pour vrai. Un faux souvenir peut se manifester de deux façons : il peut s'agir soit du faux souvenir d'un événement complet qui ne s'est jamais produit, soit du faux souvenir correspondant à des modifications d'un événement du passé.

distorsions de la mémoire
distorsions mnésiques
erreurs de la mémoire
erreurs mnésiques
false memories
falsely remembered
faux souvenirs
illusions de la mémoire
illusions mnésiques
memory distortions
memory errors
memory illusions
pseudo-mémoires
pseudo-souvenirs
false memory
faux souvenir

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Carpenter, A. C., & Schacter, D. L. (2017). Flexible retrieval : When true inferences produce false memories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(3), 335‑349. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000340 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
faux souvenir basé sur une inférence
inferential false memory
Erreur de mémoire résultant d'une inférence que le sujet effectue sur un événement, par exemple, en se servant de ses connaissances antérieures, de ses attitudes ou en recherchant une explication causale.
Memory error resulting from an inference made by the subject about an event, for example, by using his/her prior knowledge and attitudes or by seeking a causal explanation of the event.
faux souvenirs inférenciels
inferential false memories
faux souvenir inférentiel
inference-based false memory

Frank Arnould
Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (Éds.). (2018). Handbook of research methods in human memory. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429439957
2021-08-31
2023-09-04
A task, procedure or paradigm for studying memory performance.
Tâche, procédure ou paradigme pour l'étude de la performance de la mémoire.
méthodes objectives d'étude de la mémoire
objective study methods of memory
méthode objective d'étude de la mémoire
objective study method of memory

2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
Jores, T., Colloff, M. F., Kloft, L., Smailes, H., & Flowe, H. D. (2019). A meta-analysis of the effects of acute alcohol intoxication on witness recall. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(3), 334–343. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3533 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Kloft, L., Monds, L. A., Blokland, A., Ramaekers, J. G., & Otgaar, H. (2021). Hazy memories in the courtroom: A review of alcohol and other drug effects on false memory and suggestibility. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 124, 291–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.012 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Smith, A. M., Toglia, M. P., & Lampinen, J. M. (Eds.). (2021). Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Toglia, M. P., Read, J. D., Ross, D. F., & LIndsay, R. C. L. (Eds.). (2007). The handbook of eyewitness psychology: Vol. 1. Memory for people. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Toglia, M. P., Read, J. D., Ross, D. F., & LIndsay, R. C. L. (Eds.). (2007). The handbook of eyewitness psychology: Vol. 2. Memory for events. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T., Vul, E., Mickes, L., & Wilson, B. M. (2018). Models of lineup memory. Cognitive Psychology, 105, 81–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2018.06.001 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-07-21
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
eyewitness
eyewitness evidence
eyewitness identification
eyewitness memory
eyewitness report
témoin oculaire
A form of testimony in which a person states what he or she has seen about facts or events.
Forme de témoignage durant lequel une personne déclare ce qu’elle a vu à propos de faits ou d’événements.
eyewitness identifications
eyewitness memories
eyewitness reports
eyewitnesses
témoignages oculaires
témoins oculaires
eyewitness testimony
témoignage oculaire

Frank Arnould
Aggleton, J. P., Nelson, A. J. D., & O’Mara, S. M. (2022). Time to retire the serial Papez circuit: Implications for space, memory, and attention. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 140, 104813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104813
Papez, J.W. (1937). A proposed mechanism of emotion. Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry, 38(4), 725-743. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurpsyc.1937.02260220069003
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
Papez-Jakob circuit
circuit de Papez-Jakob
circuit limbique médian
medial limbic circuit
Décrit pour la première fois par le neuroanatomiste américain James W. Papez en 1937, réseau de structures cérébrales qui serait impliqué dans le contrôle des émotions et la mémoire : corps mammillaires, noyau antérieur du thalamus, cortex cingulaire antérieur, gyrus parahippocampique, hippocampe, fornix.
This network of brain structures was described for the first time by the American neuroanatomist James W. Papez in 1937, and is thought to be involved in the control of emotions and in memory: mammillary bodies, anterior nucleus of the thalamus, anterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, fornix.

Papez circuit
circuit de Papez

Frank Arnould
Rolls, E. T. (2019). The cingulate cortex and limbic systems for emotion, action, and memory. Brain Structure and Function, 224(9), 3001‑3018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-019-01945-2
2020-09-21
2023-09-04
ACC
Gray matter of anterior cingulate gyrus
Frontal area of the cingulate cortex.
Région frontale du cortex cingulaire.

anterior cingulate cortex
cortex cingulaire antérieur

Frank Arnould
Mikels, J. A., & Reuter-Lorenz, P. A. (2019). Affective working memory: An integrative psychological construct. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1745691619837597. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691619837597
2019-05-21
Sous-système de la mémoire de travail qui serait responsable du maintien temporaire de représentations émotionnelles.
Working memory sub-system for the temporary maintenance of emotional representations.
affective working memory
mémoire de travail affective

Frank Arnould
AbuHasan, Q., Reddy, V., & Siddiqui, W. (2022). Neuroanatomy, Amygdala. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537102/
McGaugh, J. L., Cahill, L., & Roozendaal, B. (1996). Involvement of the amygdala in memory storage: Interaction with other brain systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(24), 13508–13514. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.24.13508
Phelps, E. A. (2004). Human emotion and memory: Interactions of the amygdala and hippocampal complex. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 14(2), 198–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2004.03.015
Ressler, R. L., & Maren, S. (2019). Synaptic encoding of fear memories in the amygdala. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 54, 54–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2018.08.012
Roozendaal, B., McEwen, B. S., & Chattarji, S. (2009). Stress, memory and the amygdala. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 10(6), 423–433. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2651
2017-12-04
2022-03-28
amygdaloid body
amygdaloid complex
amygdaloid nuclear complex
amygdaloid nuclear groups
amygdaloid nucleus
archistriatum
complexe amygdalien
corps amygdaloïde
noyau amygdalien
An almond-shaped structure in the medial temporal lobe, formed by many nuclei, involved in emotional memory.
Structure du lobe temporal médian, en forme d'amande et composée de plusieurs noyaux. Elle est impliquée dans la mémoire émotionnelle.

amygdalae
amygdalas
amygdales
amygdaloid nuclei
noyaux amygdaliens
amygdala
amygdale

Hackländer, R. P. M., Janssen, S. M. J., & Bermeitinger, C. (2019). An in-depth review of the methods, findings, and theories associated with odor-evoked autobiographical memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(2), 401‑429. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1545-3
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-21
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
méthode du double indice
A study method of autobiographical memory: "each subject is first presented with a verbal label (e.g., the word orange) and asked to provide a description of a memory that is associated with that memory. After providing the memory description and experiential ratings, the subjects are then presented with either the same label (the word orange), a congruent odor (orange extract as an odorant), or a congruent picture (a picture of an orange). Following the second cue, subjects are again asked to describe and rate the AM [autobiographical memory]." (Hakländer et al., 2019, p. 404).
Méthode d'étude de la mémoire autobiographique : « Chaque sujet se voit d'abord présenter une étiquette verbale (par exemple, le mot orange) et on lui demande de fournir une description d'un souvenir qui lui est associé. Après avoir fourni la description du souvenir et l'évaluation de l'expérience, les sujets se voient ensuite présenter soit la même étiquette (le mot orange), soit une odeur congruente (extrait d'orange en tant qu'odorant), soit une image congruente (image d'une orange). Après le deuxième indice, on demande à nouveau aux sujets de décrire et d'évaluer le souvenir autobiographique. » (Hakländer et al., 2019, p. 404).
double-cue method
méthode des doubles indices

Frank Arnould
Crovitz, H. F., & Quina-Holland, K. (1976). Proportion of episodic memories from early childhood by years of age. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 7(1), 61–62. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03337122
Crovitz, H. F., & Schiffman, H. (1974). Frequency of episodic memories as a function of their age. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 4(5), 517–518. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03334277
Galton, F.R.S. (1879). Psychometric experiments. Brain, 2, 149-162.
2017-12-04
2023-03-31
Galton-Crovitz method
Galton-Crovitz word-cuing technique
cuing method
méthode de Galton-Crovitz
word-cue technique
A method for the study of autobiographical memory developed by Galton (1879) and completed by Crovitz (Crovitz & Schiffman, 1974; Crovitz & Quina-Holland, 1976). The general principle of the method is to present words that serve as cues to retrieve autobiographical memories. Every memory is then dated.
Méthode d'étude de la mémoire autobiographique élaborée par Galton (1879) et précisée par Crovitz (Crovitz & Schiffman, 1974; Crovitz & Quina-Holland, 1976). Le principe général de la méthode consiste à présenter des mots qui servent d'indices pour récupérer des souvenirs autobiographiques. Chaque souvenir est ensuite daté.
cue-word method
méthode des mots indices

Frank Arnould
Sow, F., Dijkstra, K., & Janssen, S. M. J. (2023). Developments in the functions of autobiographical memory: An advanced review. WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(3), e1625. li [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
Beike, D. R., Merrick, C. R., & Cole, H. E. (2020). Use, adaptivity, and need fulfillment: A methodological critique of tests of the functions of autobiographical memory. Psychological Reports, 123(1), 43–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294119852578 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (Eds.). (2012). Understanding Autobiographical Memory: Theories and Approaches. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Boccia, M., Teghil, A., & Guariglia, C. (2019). Looking into recent and remote past: Meta-analytic evidence for cortical re-organization of episodic autobiographical memories. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 107, 84–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.003 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Heux, L., Rathbone, C., Gensburger, S., Clifford, R., & Souchay, C. (2023). Collective memory and autobiographical memory: Perspectives from the humanities and cognitive sciences, 14(3), e1635. WIREs Cognitive Science, e1635. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1635 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Kopelman, M. D. (2019). Anomalies of autobiographical memory. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 25(10), 1061–1075. https://doi.org/10.1017/S135561771900081X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Mace, J. (2019). The organization and structure of autobiographical memory. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Piolino, P., Desgranges, B., Eustache, F. (2000). La mémoire autobiographique : théorie et pratique. Solal [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Shepardson, S., Dahlgren, K., & Hamann, S. (2023). Neural correlates of autobiographical memory retrieval: An SDM neuroimaging meta-analysis. Cortex, 166, 59–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2023.05.006 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Talarico, J. M. (in press). A tetrahedral model of autobiographical memory research design. WIREs Cognitive Science, e1615. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1615 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04

souvenir autobiographique
Memory of events whose reference is the subject him or herself. According to recent models, autobiographical memory has both episodic (memories of specific events) and semantic (personal semantics, i.e., general information about the subject's past) aspects.
Mémoire des événements dont la référence est le sujet lui-même. Selon les modèles récents, la mémoire autobiographique possède des aspects épisodiques (souvenirs d'événements spécifiques) et sémantiques (sémantique personnelle, c'est-à-dire des informations générales sur le passé du sujet).

autobiographical memories
souvenirs autobiographiques
autobiographical memory
mémoire autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Barzykowski, K., & Niedźwieńska, A. (2018). Involuntary autobiographical memories are relatively more often reported during high cognitive load tasks. Acta Psychologica, 182, 119‑128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.11.014
Barzykowski, K., Staugaard, S. R., & Mazzoni, G. (2021). Retrieval effort or intention : Which is more important for participants’ classification of involuntary and voluntary memories? British Journal of Psychology, 112(4), 1080‑1102. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12498
Berntsen, D. (2009). Involuntary autobiographical memories: An introduction to the unbidden past. Cambridge University Press.
Berntsen, D. (2020). Involuntary autobiographical memories and their relation to other forms of spontaneous thoughts. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 376(1817), 20190693. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0693
Berntsen, D., & Nielsen, N. P. (2022). The reconstructive nature of involuntary autobiographical memories. Memory, 30(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1872645
Mace, J. (Ed.). (2007). Involuntary Memory. Wiley-Blackwell.
Mace, J. H. (2004). Involuntary autobiographical memories are highly dependent on abstract cuing : The Proustian view is incorrect. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 18(7), 893‑899. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1020
2017-12-04
2023-04-04
Krystian Barzykowski
IAM
involuntary autobiographical memory
involuntary aware memory
involuntary conscious memory
involuntary explicit memory
souvenir autobiographique involontaire
souvenir conscient involontaire
souvenir non intentionnel
souvenir spontané
spontaneous memory
unintentional memory
Involuntary memories are memories of the personal past that come to mind spontaneously, without any prior conscious intention to retrieve them.
Les souvenirs involontaires sont des souvenirs du passé personnel qui viennent à l'esprit spontanément, sans aucune intention préalable de les récupérer.

IAMs
involuntary autobiographical memories
involuntary aware memories
involuntary conscious memories
involuntary explicit memories
involuntary memories
souvenirs autobiographiques involontaires
souvenirs conscients involontaires
souvenirs involontaires
souvenirs non intentionnels
souvenirs spontanés
spontaneous memories
unintentional memories
involuntary memory
souvenir involontaire

Frank Arnould
2018-11-28
2022-07-25
questionnaire auto-administré
questionnaire d'auto-administration
questionnaires auto-administrés
questionnaires d'auto-administration
A set of standardized questions asking subjects to subjectively evaluate their memory.
Ensemble de questions standardisées demandant aux sujets d'évaluer subjectivement leur mémoire.

questionnaire d'auto-évaluation
questionnaires d'auto-évaluation
questionnaires d'autoévaluation
self-report questionnaires
questionnaire d'autoévaluation
self-report questionnaire

Wessel, I., Heininga, V. E., Albers, C. J., & Zandstra, A. R. E. (2022, January 14). Early Attempts at Replicating Memory Suppression with the Think/No-Think task. Retrieved from osf.io/qgcy5
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Anderson, M. C., & Green, C. (2001). Suppressing unwanted memories by executive control. Nature, 410(6826), 366–369. https://doi.org/10.1038/35066572 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Wessel, I., Albers, C. J., Zandstra, A. R. E., & Heininga, V. E. (2020). A multiverse analysis of early attempts to replicate memory suppression with the Think/No-think Task. Memory, 28(7), 870–887. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1797095 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-09-05
TNT
TNT paradigm
TNT procedure
paradigme TNT
procédure TNT
procédure penser/ne pas penser
An experimental procedure for studying intentional forgetting of unwanted memories (Anderson & Green, 2001). Subjects are asked to study pairs of semantically unrelated words. They should be able to recall the right word when the left word is presented. An executive control task is then proposed. A cue is presented and subjects must either give the associated response or not think of the response. In the final phase, subjects must recall the response for each pair of words. The results show that memory for words that were given a "no-think" instruction is worse than memory for words that were given a "think" instruction and for words that were given neither a "think" nor a "no-think" instruction.
Procédure expérimentale pour l’étude de l’oubli intentionnel de souvenirs non désirés (Anderson & Green, 2001). Les sujets doivent étudier des paires de mots non liés sémantiquement. Ils devront être capables de rappeler le mot de droite lorsque le mot de gauche sera présenté. Une tâche de contrôle exécutif est ensuite proposée. Un indice est présenté et les sujets doivent soit donner la réponse associée, soit ne pas penser à la réponse. Lors de la dernière phase, les sujets doivent rappeler la réponse pour chaque paire de mots. Les résultats montrent que la mémoire des mots qui ont fait l’objet d’une consigne « ne pas penser » est plus mauvaise que la mémoire des mots ayant fait l’objet d’une consigne « penser » et que celle des mots n’ayant fait l’objet ni d’une consigne « penser » ni d’une consigne « ne pas penser ».
paradigme penser/ne pas penser
think/no-think paradigm

Wang, Y. (2022, March 31). Retrieval suppression induced forgetting on 1-week-old consolidated episodic memories. https://osf.io/tz2kq/
Wessel, I., Heininga, V. E., Albers, C. J., & Zandstra, A. R. E. (2020, March 27). Data. https://osf.io/f2jw3/
Wiechert, S., Verschuere, B., Wessel, I., Fawcett, J., Ben-Shakhar, G., & Pertzov, Y. (2023, April 18). Think/No-Think Replication. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/E75A6
Frank Arnould
2019-06-03
Anderson, M. C., & Green, C. (2001). Suppressing unwanted memories by executive control. Nature, 410(6826), 366–369. https://doi.org/10.1038/35066572 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Anderson, M. C., & Hanslmayr, S. (2014). Neural mechanisms of motivated forgetting. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 18(6), 279–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2014.03.002 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Anderson, M. C., & Hulbert, J. C. (2021). Active forgetting : Adaptation of memory by prefrontal control. Annual Review of Psychology, 72(1), annurev-psych-072720-094140. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-072720-094140 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Bulevich, J. B., Roediger, H. L., Balota, D. A., & Butler, A. C. (2006). Failures to find suppression of episodic memories in the think/no-think paradigm. Memory & Cognition, 34(8), 1569‑1577. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03195920 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
Engen, H. G., & Anderson, M. C. (2018). Memory control: A fundamental mechanism of emotion regulation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2018.07.015 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Mecklinger, A., Parra, M., & Waldhauser, G. T. (2009). ERP correlates of intentional forgetting. Brain Research, 1255, 132‑147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2008.11.073 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed]
Stramaccia, D. F., Meyer, A.-K., Rischer, K. M., Fawcett, J. M., & Benoit, R. G. (2021). Memory suppression and its deficiency in psychological disorders : A focused meta-analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 150(5), 828–850. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000971 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Wessel, I. (in press). Suppression-induced forgetting as a model for repression. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12684 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Wessel, I., Albers, C. J., Zandstra, A. R. E., & Heininga, V. E. (2020). A multiverse analysis of early attempts to replicate memory suppression with the Think/No-think Task. Memory, 28(7), 870–887. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1797095 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
Wiechert, S., Loewy, L., Wessel, I., Fawcett, J. M., Ben-Shakhar, G., Pertzov, Y., & Verschuere, B. (in press). Suppression-induced forgetting: A pre-registered replication of the think/no-think paradigm. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2208791 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-07-18
effet de suppression
memory suppression
suppression effect
suppression mnésique
« tendance à oublier les souvenirs que l'on tente d'exclure de la conscience lorsqu'on est confronté à des évocations importunes » (Anderson & Hulbert, 2021).
“tendency to forget memories that one tries to exclude from awareness when confronted with unwelcome reminders” (Anderson & Hulbert, 2021).
oubli induit par suppression
suppression-induced forgetting

Frank Arnould
Linton, M. (1975). Memory for real-world events. In D. A. Norman & D. E. Rumelhart (Eds.), Explorations in cognition (pp. 376–404). W.H. Freeman.
Schnitzspahn, K. M., Scholz, U., Ballhausen, N., Hering, A., Ihle, A., Lagner, P., & Kliegel, M. (2016). Age differences in prospective memory for everyday life intentions: A diary approach. Memory, 24(4), 444–454. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1018276
Singh, L., Ahmed Pihlgren, S., Holmes, E. A., & Moulds, M. L. (2023). Using a daily diary for monitoring intrusive memories of trauma: A translational data synthesis study exploring convergent validity. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 32(1), e1936. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1936
Wagenaar, W. A. (1986). My memory: A study of autobiographical memory over six years. Cognitive Psychology, 18(2), 225–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(86)90013-7
2018-11-26
2023-03-31
diary recording method
Method for studying autobiographical memory. Subjects are asked to write down the events they experience in a diary during a given period of time, and then to remember them. This method provides an indication of how accurate the memories are by comparing them with the information in the diary.
Méthode d'étude de la mémoire autobiographique. On demande aux sujets d'écrire dans un journal intime les événements qu'ils vivent pendant une période donnée et de s'en souvenir ensuite. Cette méthode permet d'évaluer l'exactitude des souvenirs en les comparant aux informations contenues dans le journal intime.
diary method
méthode du journal intime ​

Frank Arnould
2020-11-02
2023-09-04
Network of brain areas involved in memory.
Network of brain structures involved in memory.
brain networks
réseaux cérébraux
brain network
réseau cérébral

Peterson, D. C., Reddy, V., & Mayes, D. A. (2022). Neuroanatomy, Mammillary Bodies. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537192/
Vann, S. D., & Aggleton, J. P. (2004). The mamillary bodies: Two memory systems in one? Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 5(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1299
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-16
Neurophysiologie
Neurophysiologie
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
mammillary body
« Les corps mammillaires sont des noyaux du tronc cérébral situés sur la face postéro-inférieure de l'hypothalamus. » (Peterson et al., 2022).
“The mammillary bodies are brainstem nuclei on the posteroinferior aspect of the hypothalamus. There are 2 mammillary bodies on either side of the midline.“ (Peterson et al., 2022).

corps mammilaires
mammillary bodies

Frank Arnould
​Aminoff, E. M., Kveraga, K., & Bar, M. (2013). The role of the parahippocampal cortex in cognition. Trends in cognitive sciences, 17(8), 379–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2013.06.009
2018-03-16
2022-09-08
Structure in the medial temporal lobe involved in contextual memory and in recollection.
​Structure du lobe temporal médian impliquée dans la mémoire des informations contextuelles et la recollection.

cortex parahippocampique
parahippocampal cortex

Frank Arnould
2022-04-29
Clark, S. E. (2003). A memory and decision model for eyewitness identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 17(6), 629–654. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.891 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Smith, A. M., Smalarz, L., Wells, G. L., Lampinen, J. M., & Mackovichova, S. (2022). Fair lineups improve outside observers’ discriminability, not eyewitnesses’ discriminability : Evidence for differential filler-siphoning using empirical data and the WITNESS computer-simulation architecture. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(4), 534‑544. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000021 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
A global matching computational model to simulate suspect identification by an eyewitness in a police lineup.
Modèle computationnel à appariement global permettant de simuler l'identification d'un suspect par un témoin oculaire dans un tapissage de police.
WITNESS model
modèle WITNESS

Horry, R., Hope, L., Gabbert, F., Hughes, C., & Sharma, A. (2022, July 14). A field trial of the Self-Administered Interview for Road Traffic Collisions. https://osf.io/z5q7f
Horry, R., Hughes, C., Sharma, A., Gabbert, F., & HOPE, L. (2020, November 16). Efficacy of the Self-Administered Interview: A meta-analysis. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3S5K9
2022-08-19
Frank Arnould
Gabbert, F., Hope, L., & Fisher, R. (2009). Protecting eyewitness evidence: Examining the efficacy of a self-administered interview tool. Law and Human Behavior, 33(4), 298–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-008-9146-8 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Horry, R., Hughes, C., Sharma, A., Gabbert, F., & Hope, L. (2021). A meta‐analytic review of the Self‐Administered Interview©: Quantity and accuracy of details reported on initial and subsequent retrieval attempts. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(2), 428–444. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3753 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
2023-06-29
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
SAI©
A tool for quickly collecting eyewitness testimony without the need of an interviewer. Witnesses respond by themselves while following written instructions that will help them access to their memories.
Outil permettant de recueillir rapidement les témoignages oculaires sans l’intervention d’un enquêteur. Les témoins répondent par eux-mêmes en suivant des instructions écrites qui vont les aider à accéder à leurs souvenirs.
Self-Administered Interview©
entretien auto-administré©

Saraiva, R. B. (2022, February 2). Development and validation of the Eyewitness Metamemory Scale. https://osf.io/g6vt9
2022-07-25
Frank Arnould
Saraiva, R., Boeijen, I., Hope, L., Horselenberg, R., Sauerland, M., & Koppen, P. (2019). Development and validation of the Eyewitness Metamemory Scale. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(5), 964-973. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3588 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-05
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
A scale in which respondents rate their ability to remember faces in general and in an eyewitness context, as well as the strategies they use to remember faces.
Échelle dans laquelle les répondants évaluent leur capacité à se souvenir des visages en général et dans un contexte de témoignage oculaire, ainsi que les stratégies qu’ils utilisent en mémoire des visages.
Eyewitness Metamemory Scale
Échelle de métamémoire des témoins oculaires

Peters, A., Otgaar, H., & Chan, J. C. (2017, August 4). NICHD Protocol and Misinformation. https://osf.io/vyngz
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Benia, L. R., Hauck-Filho, N., Dillenburg, M., & Stein, L. M. (2015). The NICHD investigative interview protocol: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse: Research, Treatment, & Program Innovations for Victims, Survivors, & Offenders, 24(3), 259–279. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2015.1006749 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Cyr, M., & Dion, J. (2006). Quand des guides d’entrevue servent à protéger la mémoire des enfants : l’exemple du protocole NICHD. Revue Québécoise de Psychologie, 27(3), 157-175. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Cyr, M., & Lamb, M. E. (2009). Assessing the effectiveness of the NICHD investigative interview Protocol when interviewing French-speaking alleged victims of child sexual abuse in Quebec. Child Abuse, 33(5), 257-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.04.002 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Cyr, M. (2014). Recueillir la parole de l’enfant témoin ou victime - De la théorie à la pratique. Dunod. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Cyr, M. (2022). Conducting interviews with child victims of abuse and witnesses of crime: A practical guide. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Hershkowitz, I., Ahern, E. C., Lamb, M. E., Blasbalg, U., Karni‐Visel, Y., & Breitman, M. (2017). Changes in interviewers’ use of supportive techniques during the revised protocol training. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 31(3), 340–350. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3333 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Hershkowitz, I., & Lamb, M. E. (2020). Allegation rates and credibility assessment in forensic interviews of alleged child abuse victims: Comparing the revised and standard NICHD protocols. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 26(2), 176–184. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000230 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Karni-Visel, Y., Hershkowitz, I., Lamb, M. E., & Blasbalg, U. (2019). Facilitating the expression of emotions by alleged victims of child abuse during investigative interviews using the revised NICHD protocol. Child Maltreatment, 24(3), 310–318. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559519831382 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Lamb, M. E., Orbach, Y., Hershkowitz, I., Esplin, P. W., & Horowitz, D. (2007). A structured forensic interview protocol improves the quality and informativeness of investigative interviews with children: A review of research using the NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol. Child Abuse & Neglect, 31(11–12), 1201–1231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.03.021 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Lamb, M. E., Orbach, Y., Hershkowitz, I., & Esplin, P. W. (2018). Tell me what happened: Structured investigative interviews of child victims and witnesses (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Morville, A., Bénard, M., Podlipski, M.-A., Larson, M., Lopez, G., & Gerardin, P. (2016). Recueillir la parole de l’enfant victime d’agression sexuelle selon le protocole du National Institute of Child Health and Human Development: Enjeux, méthode et intérêts pour les intervenants du champ non judiciaire. Neuropsychiatrie de l’Enfance et de l’Adolescence, 64(4), 224–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2016.03.006 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Orbach, Y., Hershkowitz, I., Lamb, M. E., Sternberg, K. J., Esplin, P. W., & Horowitz, D. (2000). Assessing the value of structured protocols for forensic interviews of alleged child abuse victims. Child Abuse & Neglect, 24(6), 733–752. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0145-2134(00)00137-X [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-06-30
NICHD interview protocol
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development protocol
Revised NICHD investigative interview protocol
protocol of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development protocol
protocole d'audition du NICHD
protocole du National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
A structured interview protocol to guide the investigator for interviewing children in a forensic context, particularly in the case of sexual abuse allegations. It relies primarily on the use of open-ended questions. A revised version of the protocol emphasizes socioemotional communication.
Protocole d’entretien structuré guidant l’enquêteur pour recueillir la parole d'enfants dans un contexte légal, notamment dans le cas d'allégations d'agression sexuelle. Il repose principalement sur l’utilisation de questions ouvertes. Une version révisée du protocole met l’accent sur la communication socioémotionnelle.
Les différentes phases du protocole du NICHD sont les suivantes (d’après Lamb et al., 2007, p. 1204-1205). Phase d’introduction. L’intervieweur se présente, clarifie à l’enfant la tâche qu’il doit accomplir (décrire des événements en détail et dire la vérité). Il explique les règles de communication de base : l’enfant peut dire « Je ne sais pas », « Je ne me souviens pas », « Je ne comprends pas », et corriger l’intervieweur si nécessaire. Phase de contact (rapport-building phase). Elle comprend deux parties. Dans la première, l’enquêteur crée un climat détendu et positif et un lien avec l’enfant. Dans la seconde, on demande à l’enfant de se souvenir en détail d’un événement neutre. Cela permet à l’enfant de se familiariser avec le questionnement libre utilisé ensuite lors de l’investigation des agressions sexuelles présumées, et de lui faire prendre conscience du niveau de détail qui lui sera demandé. Phase de transition. Des incitations sont introduites de manière non suggestive et la plus ouverte possible, afin d’aborder les événements qui font l’objet de l’entretien. L’enquêteur peut utiliser des incitations de plus en plus précises, mais formulées avec la plus grande prudence si l’enfant n’identifie pas les événements en cause. Quand l’enfant exprime une allégation, la phase de rappel libre commence. Phase de rappel libre. Des incitations et des invitations à se souvenir librement des événements sont proposées à l’enfant. Afin d’en savoir plus, l’intervieweur peut poser des questions ouvertes comme « Que s’est-il passé ensuite ? » ou « Tout à l’heure, tu as parlé d’une personne/d’un objet/d’une action. Dis-moi tout ce que tu sais à ce propos. », faisant référence à des détails mentionnés par l’enfant lui-même. Phase de questionnement directif. Seulement après l’entretien libre, l’enquêteur peut commencer à utiliser des questions directives (« Quand cela s’est-il passé ? », « De quelle couleur était la voiture ? »), toujours en référence avec ce que l’enfant a dit afin d’en savoir plus. Si des détails cruciaux manquent toujours, un nombre limité de questions à choix forcé ou pour lesquelles l’enfant peut répondre par oui ou par non peuvent être posées (« Est-ce que tu as eu mal ? », « Est-ce qu’il t’a touché par-dessus ou en dessous de tes vêtements ? »). Il est fortement déconseillé à l’enquêteur d’utiliser des phrases suggestives, contenant une information attendue, mais jamais exposée par l’enfant. Le protocole du NICHD est disponible dans plusieurs langues, dont le français : http://nichdprotocol.com/the-nichd-protocol/
The different phases of the NICHD protocol are as follows (after Lamb et al., 2007, pp. 1204-1205). Introductory phase. The interviewer introduces himself/herself, clarifies what he/she expects from the child (describing events in detail and telling the truth). He/She explains the basic rules of communication: the child can say "I don't know", "I don't remember", "I don't understand", and correct the interviewer if appropriate. Rapport-building phase. In the first part of this phase, the interviewer creates a relaxed, positive atmosphere and a rapport with the child. In the second part, the child is asked to recall a neutral event in detail. The goal is to familiarize the child with the open-ended questioning used later during the investigation of the alleged sexual abuse, and to make the child aware of the level of detail that will be required. Transition phase. Prompts are introduced in an open-ended and non-suggestive manner to address the events that are the subject of the interview. The interviewer may use increasingly specific prompts, but worded with great caution if the child does not identify the events in question. When the child makes an allegation, the free recall phase begins. Free recall phase. Prompts to freely recall the events are offered to the child. The interviewer may ask open-ended questions such as "What happened next?" or "Earlier, you mentioned a person/object/action. Tell me everything you know about it," referring to details mentioned by the child himself or herself. Direct questioning phase. Only after the open-ended questioning can the interviewer begin to use directive questions ("When did it happen?", "What color was the car?"), always referring to what the child has said in order to learn more. If crucial details are still missing, a limited number of forced-choice or yes/no questions can be asked ("Did it hurt?", "Did he touch you over or under your clothes?"). The interviewer is strongly discouraged from using suggestive sentences that contain information that is expected but never stated by the child. The NICHD protocol is available in several languages : http://nichdprotocol.com/the-nichd-protocol/

NICHD protocol
protocole du NICHD

2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
Mullennix, J. W., Stern, S. E., Grounds, B., Kalas, R., Flaherty, M., Kowalok, S., May, E., & Tessmer, B. (2010). Earwitness memory: Distortions for voice pitch and speaking rate. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(4), 513–526. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1566 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Smith, H. M. J., Roeser, J., Pautz, N., Davis, J. P., Robson, J., Wright, D., Braber, N., & Stacey, P. C. (2022). Evaluating earwitness identification procedures: Adapting pre-parade instructions and parade procedure. Memory, 0(0), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2129065 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Yarmey, A. D. (2007). The psychology of speaker identification and earwitness memory. In R. C. L. Lindsay, D. F. Ross, J. D. Read, & M. P. Toglia (Eds.), The Handbook of Eyewitness Psychology: Vol. 2. Memory for people. (pp. 101–136). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-03-13
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
A form of testimony in which a person states what she or he has heard during an event.
Forme de témoignage durant lequel une personne déclare ce qu’elle a entendu pendant un événement.
earwitness testimony
témoignage auditif

2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
Butler, B. J., & Loftus, E. F. (2018). Discrepancy detection in the retrieval-enhanced suggestibility paradigm. Memory, 26(4), 483–492. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1371193 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Tousignant, J. P., Hall, D., & Loftus, E. F. (1986). Discrepancy detection and vulnerability to misleading postevent information. Memory & Cognition, 14(4), 329‑338. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202511 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-03-16
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Principe selon lequel si une personne n'a pas remarqué de décalage entre une information trompeuse et l'événement vécu, cette information erronée est plus susceptible d'être incorporée dans sa mémoire de l'événement.
The principle that if people have not noticed a discrepancy between misinformation and the experienced event, this misinformation is more likely to be incorporated into the memory of the event.
discrepancy detection principle
principe de détection de la divergence

Battista, F., Dr, Otgaar, H., Curci, A., & Mangiulli, I. (2022, April 7). The Effect of Complex False Denial on Memory. https://osf.io/zhjt3/
Otgaar, H., Bücken, C. A., Houtstra, L., & Mangiulli, I. (2020, February 3). Denial-Induced Forgetting, Inhibition, and False Memory. OSF. https://osf.io/kp2j4/
Ramakers, N., & Otgaar, H. (2017, November 3). Denial-Induced Forgetting. OSF. https://osf.io/vy5tm/
Romeo, T., & Otgaar, H. (2018, April 15). Denial-Induced Forgetting: The Memory Impairing Effects of Simulated Amnesia for a Mock Crime. OSF. https://osf.io/tz3jx/
Frank Arnould
2021-09-06
Battista, F., Curci, A., Mangiulli, I., & Otgaar, H. (2021). What can we remember after complex denials? The impact of different false denials on memory. Psychology, Crime & Law, 27(9), 914‑931. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2020.1865956 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Bücken, C. A., Otgaar, H., London, K., Riesthuis, P., Battista, F., & Mangiulli, I. (2023). ‘Nothing happened’: Legal implications of false denials among abused children. Child Abuse Review, 32(2), e2791. https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2791 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Smeets, T., & Wang, J. (2016). Denial-induced forgetting: False denials undermine memory, but external denials undermine belief. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5(2), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2016.04.002 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Otgaar, H., & Baker, A. (2018). When lying changes memory for the truth. Memory, 26(1), 2–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1340286 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Otgaar, H., Romeo, T., Ramakers, N., & Howe, M. L. (2018). Forgetting having denied : The “amnesic” consequences of denial. Memory & Cognition, 46(4), 520‑529. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-017-0781-5 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Mangiulli, I., & Bücken, C. (2020). The impact of false denials on forgetting and false memory. Cognition, 202, 104322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104322 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
Henry Otgaar
oubli induit par la dénégation
oubli induit par le démenti
Les participants qui nient faussement avoir vu certains détails d'un évènement oublient qu'ils ont parlé de ces détails avec l'expérimentateur.
Participants who falsely deny seeing certain details of an event then forget that they discussed those details with the experimenter.
denial-induced forgetting
oubli induit par le déni

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2005). The Science of False Memory. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Corson, Y., & Verrier, N. (2013). Les faux souvenirs. De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Gallo, D. A. (2006). Associative illusions of memory: false memory research in DRM and related tasks. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Roediger III, H. L., & Gallo, D. A. (2022). Associative memory illusions. In R. F. Pohl (Ed.), Cognitive illusions : Intriguing phenomena in thinking, judgment, and memory (3rd ed.). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
False memories produced by the subject's own cognitive system, without any social pressure or external suggestion, such as associative false memories created in the DRM task.
Faux souvenirs produits par le propre système cognitif du sujet, en dehors de toute pression sociale ou suggestion externe, comme les faux souvenirs associatifs créés dans la tâche DRM.
faux souvenirs spontanés
spontaneous false memories
faux souvenir spontané
spontaneous false memory

Frank Arnould
2019-05-13
Loftus, E. F., Miller, D. G., & Burns, H. J. (1978). Semantic integration of verbal information into a visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Learning and Memory, 4(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.4.1.19 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
paradigme des informations trompeuses
Experimental paradigm to study the formation of false memories suggested by misleading information. The procedure is carried out in three phases. 1. The subjects are first exposed to an event. 2. They are then given incorrect information about this event. 3. The subjects are asked to remember the original event. The critical issue is whether they will incorporate the suggested misleading information into their memories.
Paradigme expérimental pour étudier la formation de faux souvenirs suggérés par des informations trompeuses. La procédure se déroule suivant trois phases. 1. Les sujets sont tout d’abord exposés à un événement. 2. Des informations erronées leur sont ensuite communiquées sur cet événement. 3. Les sujets doivent ensuite se souvenir de l’événement original. L’élément crucial est de savoir s’ils vont intégrer dans leurs souvenirs les informations trompeuses qui leur ont été suggérées.
misinformation paradigms
paradigmes de désinformation
paradigmes des informations trompeuses
misinformation paradigm
paradigme de désinformation

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Bransford, J. D., & Franks, J. J. (1971). The abstraction of linguistic ideas. Cognitive Psychology, 2(4), 331–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(72)90020-0 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Brewer, W. F., & Treyens, J. C. (1981). Role of schemata in memory for places. Cognitive Psychology, 13(2), 207–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(81)90008-6 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Singer, M. (1973). A replication of Bransford and Franks’ (1971) “The abstraction of linguistic ideas.” Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 1(6), 416–418. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03334390 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-09-05
false schematic memory
faux souvenir basé sur un schéma
schema-driven false memory
False memories created from a schematic representation of an event to fill gaps in memories.
Forme de faux souvenir créée à partir d'une représentation schématique que le sujet possède sur un événement afin de combler des manques dans ses souvenirs.
false schematic memories
faux souvenirs basés sur un schéma
faux souvenirs schématiques
schema-based false memories
schema-driven false memories
faux souvenir schématique
schema-based false memory

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Anthony, T., Copper, C., & Mullen, B. (1992). Cross-racial facial identification: A social cognitive integration. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18(3), 296–301. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167292183005 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Bothwell, R. K., Brigham, J. C., & Malpass, R. S. (1989). Cross-racial identification. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15(1), 19–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167289151002 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Brigham, J. C., Bennett, L. B., Meissner, C. A., & Mitchell, T. L. (2007). The influence of race on eyewitness memory. In R. C. L. Lindsay, D. F. Ross, J. D. Read, & M. P. Toglia (Eds.), The handbook of eyewitness psychology, Vol II: Memory for people. (p. 257-281). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Brown, T. I., Uncapher, M. R., Chow, T. E., Eberhardt, J. L., & Wagner, A. D. (2017). Cognitive control, attention, and the other race effect in memory. PLoS ONE, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173579 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Lee, J., & Penrod, S. D. (2022). Three‐level meta‐analysis of the other‐race bias in facial identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(5), 1106–1130. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3997 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Meissner, C. A., & Brigham, J. C. (2001). Thirty years of investigating the own-race bias in memory for faces: A meta-analytic review. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 7(1), 3-35. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.7.1.3 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Singh, B., Mellinger, C., Earls, H. A., Tran, J., Bardsley, B., & Correll, J. (2022). Does cross-race contact improve cross-race face perception? A meta-analysis of the cross-race deficit and contact. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 48(6), 865–887. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672211024463 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
de Viviés, X., Kelly, D. J., Cordier, V., & Pascalis, O. (2010). Reconnaissance des visages d’un autre groupe ethnique : éclairage d’une approche développementale. Psychologie Française, 55(3), 243–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2010.07.001 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
biais d'identification de l'autre race
cross-race effect
cross-race identification bias
effet de l'autre race
effet inter-ethnies
effet inter-races
effet transethnique
other race effect
own-ethnicity bias
Better recognition of faces from the same ethnicity of the subject compared to face recognition from other ethnic groups.
Meilleure reconnaissance des visages de la même ethnie que celle des sujets par rapport à la reconnaissance de visages issus d’ethnies différentes.

biais lié à l’ethnie d’appartenance
own-race bias

Calado, B., Otgaar, H., Luke, T. J., Landström, S., & Connolly, D. (2020, October 27). Implanting False Autobiographical Memories for Repeated Events. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/4FZHT
Frank Arnould
2018-10-22
Arce, R., Selaya, A., Sanmarco, J., & Fariña, F. (2023). Implanting rich autobiographical false memories: Meta–analysis for forensic practice and judicial judgment making. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 23(4), 100386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100386 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
Calado, B., Luke, T. J., Connolly, D. A., Landström, S., & Otgaar, H. (2021). Implanting false autobiographical memories for repeated events. Memory, 29(10), 1320–1341. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1981944 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Johnson, M. S., Magnussen, S., Foyn Asmyhr, A., Jensen Helgeland, J., Pilegaard Jonassen, M., Lundal, E., Haua Marthinsen, M., Sikveland, K., Sjøflot, A. K., Skoglund, R. S., Tallaksen, P., Døhlen Fjeldberg Tangen, M. E., Tran, J., & Flatebø Widmark, L. (in press). Doctored photographs create false memories of spectacular childhood events. A replication of Wade et al. (2002) with a Scandinavian twist. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2200595 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
Loftus, E. F., & Pickrell, K. L. (1995). The formation of false memories. Psychiatric Annals, 25(12), 720-725. https://doi.org/10.3928/0048-5713-19951201-07 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Murphy, G., Dawson, C. A., Huston, C., Ballantyne, L., Barrett, E., Cowman, C. S., Fitzsimons, C., Maher, J., Ryan, K. M., & Greene, C. M. (in press). Lost in the mall again: A preregistered replication and extension of Loftus & Pickrell (1995). Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2198327 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed]
Scoboria, A., Wade, K. A., Lindsay, D. S., Azad, T., Strange, D., Ost, J., & Hyman, I. E. (2017). A mega-analysis of memory reports from eight peer-reviewed false memory implantation studies. Memory, 25(2), 146–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1260747 [Document type: mega-analysis / Access: closed]
Wade, K. A., Garry, M., Don Read, J., & Lindsay, D. S. (2002). A picture is worth a thousand lies: Using false photographs to create false childhood memories. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 9(3), 597–603. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196318 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-05
faux souvenir riche
rich false memory
False memory of an entire event produced under the influence of suggestions.
Faux souvenir d’un événement complet produit sous l’influence de suggestions.
faux souvenirs implantés
faux souvenirs riches
implanted false memories
rich false memories
faux souvenir implanté ​
implanted false memory

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Herlitz, A., & Lovén, J. (2013). Sex differences and the own-gender bias in face recognition: A meta-analytic review. Visual Cognition, 21(9-10), 1306–1336. https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2013.823140 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
biais lié au genre d'appartenance
own-gender bias
Biais indiquant que les personnes reconnaissent mieux les visages d’individus de leur propre sexe que du sexe opposé. En fait, ce biais serait présent surtout chez les femmes.
Bias indicating that people recognize the faces of people from their own sex better than from the opposite sex. In fact, this bias is thought to be present only in women.
biais lié au sexe d’appartenance
own-sex bias

Talarico, J. M., Bohn, A., & Wessel, I. (2019, May 8). Role of Event Relevance and Congruence on Flashbulb Memory Formation. https://osf.io/hpkwj/
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Brown, R., & Kulik, J. (1977). Flashbulb memories. Cognition, 5(1), 73–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(77)90018-X [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Curci, A., Lanciano, T., Curtotti, D., & Sartori, G. (2020). Lessons for the courtroom from the study of Flashbulb memory: An integrative review. Memory, 28(3), 441–449. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1727522 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Kopp, S. J., Sockol, L. E., & Multhaup, K. S. (2020). Age-related differences in flashbulb memories: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 35(4), 459–472. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000467 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Lecouvey, G., Desgranges, B., Peschanski, D., & Eustache, F. (2020). Le souvenir flash : Un souvenir spécial au croisement de la mémoire individuelle et de la mémoire collective. Revue de neuropsychologie, 12(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0534 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Luminet, O., & Curci, A. (Eds.). (2009). Flashbulb Memories: New Issues and New Perspectives. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Talarico, J. M. (in press). Flashbulb memory. In L. M. Bietti & M. Pogacar (Eds.), The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Memory Studies. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93789-8_27-1 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Thomas-Antérion, C., Borg, C., Vioux, H., & Laurent, B. (2010). En quoi la recherche de souvenirs flash peut-elle nous renseigner sur la mémoire épisodique et la mémoire sémantique ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 2(1), 55–60. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2010.0055 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-09-05
souvenir éclair
"Flashbulb memories are long-lasting, vivid, confidently held memories of the reception context for learning about surprising, important, public events that were not directly experienced." (Talarico, in press).
Souvenir durable, vivace, et exprimé avec confiance, des circonstances dans lesquelles une personne a pris connaissance d'un évènement surprenant, important et public, et sans l’avoir vécu directement (d’après Talarico, sous presse).

flashbulb memories
souvenirs flashes
souvenirs éclair
flashbulb memory
souvenir flash

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Baudouin, J.-Y. (2017). Expert en visages : sommes-nous programmés pour reconnaître les visages ? Presses Universitaires de Grenoble. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Bruce, V., & Young, A. (2012). Face perception. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Bruce, V., & Burton, A. M. (2023). The problem of face identification. In R. H. Logie, Z. Wen, S. E. Gathercole, N. Cowan, & R. W. Engle (Eds.), Memory in science for society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 33–62). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Calder, A., Rhodes, G., Johnson, M., & Haxby, J. (Eds.). (2011). The Oxford handbook of face perception. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Hole, G. J., & Bourne, V. (2010). Face Processing: Psychological, neuropsychological, and applied perspectives. Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Martschuk, N., & Sporer, S. L. (2018). Memory for faces in old age: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 33(6), 904–923. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000282 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Young, A. W., & Burton, A. M. (2017). Recognizing faces. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(3), 212–217. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721416688114 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Young, A. W., & Burton, A. M. (2018). Are we face experts? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 22(2), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2017.11.007 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05

facial memory
memory for faces
souvenir des visages
Generic term for the encoding, storage, and retrieval of faces.
Terme générique utilisé pour l'encodage, le stockage et la récupération de visages.
face from memory
face memories
souvenir d'un visage
souvenirs d'un visage
souvenirs des visages
face memory
mémoire des visages

Frank Arnould
2021-09-07
Maswood, R., & Rajaram, S. (2019). Social transmission of false memory in small groups and large networks. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(4), 687–709. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12348 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
Maswood, R., Luhmann, C. C., & Rajaram, S. (2021). Persistence of false memories and emergence of collective false memory: Collaborative recall of DRM word lists. Memory, 0(0), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1928222 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
False memory that emerges within a social group.
Faux souvenir qui émerge au sein d’un groupe social.
collective false memories
faux souvenirs collectifs
collective false memory
faux souvenir collectif

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Martschuk, N., & Sporer, S. L. (2018). Memory for faces in old age: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 33(6), 904–923. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000282 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Rhodes, M. G., & Anastasi, J. S. (2012). The own-age bias in face recognition: A meta-analytic and theoretical review. Psychological Bulletin, 138(1), 146-174. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025750 [Document type: literature review, meta-analysis / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
"recognition memory for faces of one’s own age group is often superior to memory for faces of another age group." (Rhodes et Anastasi, 2012, p. 146).
« La mémoire de reconnaissance des visages de son propre groupe d'âge est souvent supérieure à la mémoire des visages d'un autre groupe d'âge. » (Rhodes et Anastasi, 2012, p. 146).
biais lié au groupe d’âge d’appartenance
own-age bias

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Roediger, H. L., & DeSoto, K. A. (2015). Reconstructive memory, Psychology of. In J. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition, p. 50-55). Elsevier. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Schacter, D.L., Norman, K.A. & Koutstaal, W. (1998). The cognitive neuroscience of constructive memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 49, 289–318. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.289 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
memory reconstruction
souvenir reconstructif
Notion utilisée pour insister sur le fait que la mémoire n'est pas la reproduction des épisodes et événements passés, mais repose sur des processus de reconstruction des souvenirs à partir de la trace mnésique de l'évènement, attentes, croyances, inférences, buts et connaissances pré-existantes. La reconstruction peut conduire à des erreurs, des distorsions mnésiques et à de faux souvenirs.
The term used to insist on the fact that memory is not the reproduction but rather the reconstruction of the past, based on memory traces, expectations, beliefs, inferences, goals, and prior knowledge. Reconstruction can lead to errors, memory distortions and false memories.

reconstrutive memories
souvenirs reconstructifs
mémoire reconstructive
reconstructive memory

Matsumoto, N. (2020). Repeated retrieval of generalized memories can impair specific autobiographical recall: A retrieval induced forgetting account [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/a5q8y/
Pereira, M., & Campos, S. G. del P. (2014). Retrieval induced forgetting [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/vx8e9/
Storm, B. C., & Soares, J. (2020). Retrieval-induced forgetting can be eliminated by restudy [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/dp8cu/
rettopnivek. (2016). Rettopnivek/Wimber_et_al_replication_3 [Data set]. https://github.com/rettopnivek/Wimber_et_al_replication_3
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Anderson, M. C., Bjork, R. A., & Bjork, E. L. (1994). Remembering can cause forgetting: Retrieval dynamics in long-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20(5), 1063–1087. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.20.5.1063 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Anderson, M. C. (2003). Rethinking interference theory: Executive control and the mechanisms of forgetting. Journal of Memory and Language, 49(4), 415–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2003.08.006 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Bekinschtein, P., Weisstaub, N. V., Gallo, F., Renner, M., & Anderson, M. C. (2018). A retrieval-specific mechanism of adaptive forgetting in the mammalian brain. Nature Communications, 9(1), 4660. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07128-7 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Levy, B. (2002). Inhibitory processes and the control of memory retrieval. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(7), 299–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01923-X [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Murayama, K., Miyatsu, T., Buchli, D., & Storm, B. C. (2014). Forgetting as a consequence of retrieval: A meta-analytic review of retrieval-induced forgetting. Psychological Bulletin, 140(5), 1383–1409. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037505 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Pica, G., Chernikova, M., Pierro, A., Giannini, A. M., & Kruglanski, A. W. (2018). Retrieval-induced forgetting as motivated cognition. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02030 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Potter, K. W., Huszar, L. D., & Huber, D. E. (2018). Does inhibition cause forgetting after selective retrieval? A reanalysis and failure to replicate. Cortex, 104, 26‑45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2018.03.026 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed]
Rowland, C. A., Bates, L. E., & DeLosh, E. L. (2014). On the reliability of retrieval-induced forgetting. Frontiers in Psychology, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01343 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Storm, B., Angello, G., Buchli, D., Little, J., & Nestojko, J. (2015). A review of retrieval-induced forgetting in the contexts of learning, eyewitness memory, social cognition, autobiographical memory, and creative cognition. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation—Advances in Research and Theory (Vol. 62, pp. 141–194). https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.plm.2014.09.005 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Verde, M. F. (2012). Retrieval-induced forgetting and inhibition: A critical review. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 56, p. 47–80). New-York: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-394393-4.00002-9 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Verde, M. F. (2013). Retrieval-induced forgetting in recall: Competitor interference revisited. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(5), 1433–1448. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032975 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Wimber, M., Alink, A., Charest, I., Kriegeskorte, N., & Anderson, M. C. (2015). Retrieval induces adaptive forgetting of competing memories via cortical pattern suppression. Nature Neuroscience, 18(4), 582‑589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3973 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Wu, J. Q., Peters, G. J., Rittner, P., Cleland, T. A., & Smith, D. M. (2014). The hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and selective memory retrieval : Evidence from a rodent model of the retrieval-induced forgetting effec. Hippocampus, 24(9), 1070‑1080. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22291 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
RIF
WI-RIF
oubli induit par la récupération
Phenomenon showing that the selective retrieval of information can lead to the forgetting of related information.
Phénomène montrant que la récupération sélective d'une information peut entraîner l’oubli d’informations associées.
A retrieval-induced forgetting experiment includes the following phases (Anderson et al., 1994). Participants first study, for example, word pairs, each consisting of the noun and an exemplar of a semantic category (examples: “Fruits-Orange“ “Fruits-Apple“, “Drinks-Whisky“). After the study phase, participants are asked to remember half of the exemplars from half of the categories (retrieval practice phase). To do this, they are presented with the name of a category and the first two letters of a choice of exemplars ("Orange", but not "Apple", for example), three times each. After a distraction task, participants are asked to remember all studied words, with the category name still serving as a cue. The final recall thus concerns three types of exemplars: those reviewed in the practiced categories in the second phase of the experiment (Rp+ items, such as "Fruits-Orange"), those associated with the practiced categories but without the benefit of additional retrieval trials (Rp-, such as "Fruits-Apple"), and finally those associated with the unpracticed categories presented only once during the study phase (Nrp, for example, "Drinks-Whisky). The results indicate that participants recall Rp+ words ("Orange") significantly better than the Nrp words ("Whisky"). The latter were recalled even better than Rp- words ("Apple").
Une expérience d’oubli induit par la récupération comprend les phases suivantes (Anderson et al., 1994). Les participants commencent par étudier, par exemple, des paires de mots constituées chacune du nom et d’un exemplaire d’une catégorie sémantique (exemples : « Fruits - Orange », « Fruits - Pomme », « Boissons - Whisky »). Après la phase d’étude, les participants sont invités à se souvenir de la moitié des exemplaires de la moitié des catégories (phase de pratique de la récupération). Pour ce faire, on leur présente, à trois reprises, le nom d’une catégorie et les deux premières lettres d’un choix d’exemplaires (« Orange », mais pas « Pomme », par exemple). Après une tâche de distraction, les participants doivent se souvenir de l’ensemble des mots étudiés. Le rappel final concerne donc trois types d’exemplaires : ceux revus dans les catégories pratiquées dans la deuxième phase de l’expérience (items Rp+, comme « Fruits-Orange »), ceux associés aux catégories pratiquées, mais n’ayant pas bénéficié d’essais supplémentaires de récupération (Rp-, comme « Fruits-Pomme »), et enfin ceux associés aux catégories non pratiquées et présentées une seule fois au moment de l’étude (Nrp, par exemple, « Boissons - Whisky). Les résultats indiquent que les participants se souviennent beaucoup mieux des mots Rp+ (« Orange ») que des mots Nrp (« Whisky »). Ces derniers sont encore mieux rappelés que les mots Rp- (« Pomme »).

oubli induit par récupération
retrieval-induced forgetting

Frank Arnould
2021-06-30
Belli, R. F. (Ed.). (2012). True and false recovered memories : Toward a reconciliation of the debate (2012ᵉ éd.). Springer-Verlag New York Inc. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Brédart, S. (2004). La récupération de souvenirs d’abus sexuels infantiles chez l’adulte. In S. Brédart & M. Van der Linden (Eds.), Souvenirs récupérés, souvenirs oubliés et faux souvenirs. (pp. 13–46). Solal. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Dodier, O. (2019). A bibliometric analysis of the recovered memory controversy in the 21st century. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(4), 571‑584. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3498 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Dodier, O., Patihis, L., & Payoux, M. (2019). Reports of recovered memories of childhood abuse in therapy in France. Memory, 27(9), 1283‑1298. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1652654 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Dodier, O. (2021). L’amnésie dissociative : Limites méthodologiques, limites conceptuelles, et explications alternatives. L'Année Psychologique, 121(3), 275‑309. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy1.213.0275 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Dodier, O., & Patihis, L. (2021). Recovered memories of child abuse outside of therapy. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(2), 538‑547. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3783 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Loftus, E. F., & Davis, D. (2006). Recovered memories. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 2, 469‑498. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.2.022305.095315 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
McNally, R. J. (2003). Remembering trauma. Harvard University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
McNally, R. J., & Geraerts, E. (2009). A new solution to the recovered memory debate. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(2), 126‑134. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01112.x [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
Olivier Dodier
souvenir recouvré
Memory of a traumatic autobiographical event, recovered spontaneously or in the course of a therapy, and which was previously perceived as being inaccessible.
Souvenir d'un évènement autobiographique traumatique, retrouvé spontanément ou au cours d'une thérapie, et qui était auparavant perçu comme inaccessible.
recovered memories
souvenirs recouvrés
souvenirs retrouvés
recovered memory
souvenir retrouvé

Janssen, S. M. J. (2020, December 20). Replicating Remembering “Remembering.” https://osf.io/vum42/
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Anthony, K., & Janssen, S. M. J. (in press). A brief overview of research into the forgot-it-all-along effect. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12670 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Arnold, M. M., & Lindsay, D. S. (2002). Remembering remembering. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(3), 521-529. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.28.3.521 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Janssen, S. M. J., Anthony, K., Chang, C. Y. M., Choong, E.-L., Neoh, J. Y., & Lim, A. (2022). Replicating remembering “remembering”. Memory, 30(6), 686‑694. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1868525 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed]
Schooler, J. W., Bendikson, M., & Ambadadar, Z. (1997). Taking the middle line: Can we accommodate both fabricated and recovered memories of sexual abuse? In M. Conway (Ed.), Recovered memories and false memories (p. 251-292). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
FIA effect
amnésie illusoire
biais d'oubli d'une récupération antérieure
forget-it-all-along bias
forget-it-all-along effect
forgot-it-all-along bias
Forgetting that an event has been previously remembered.
Oubli de s’être souvenu antérieurement d’une information.
amnésies illusoires
illusory amnesias
effet d'oubli d'une récupération antérieure
forgot-it-all-along effect

Greene, C., Murphy, G., Ballantyne, L., Barrett, L., Cowman, C., Dawson, C., … Ryan, K. (2022, June 28). Lost in the Mall: Replication and extension. https://osf.io/krfpu
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Loftus, E. F., & Pickrell, K. L. (1995). The formation of false memories. Psychiatric Annals, 25(12), 720-725. https://doi.org/10.3928/0048-5713-19951201-07 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Murphy, G., Dawson, C. A., Huston, C., Ballantyne, L., Barrett, E., Cowman, C. S., Fitzsimons, C., Maher, J., Ryan, K. M., & Greene, C. M. (in press). Lost in the mall again: A preregistered replication and extension of Loftus & Pickrell (1995). Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2198327 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
false memory implantation method
false memory implantation technique
familial-informant false narrative paradigm
familial-informant false narrative procedure
lost in the mall paradigm
lost in the mall technique
méthode d'implantation d'un faux souvenir
paradigme du faux récit familial informatif
paradigme « Perdu dans un centre commercial »
procédure du faux récit familial informatif
technique « Perdu dans un centre commercial »
An experimental paradigm for implanting a false memory of a complete autobiographical event.
Paradigme expérimental permettant d'implanter le faux souvenir d'un évènement autobiographique complet.

false memory implantation paradigm
paradigme d'implantation d'un faux souvenir

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Bayless, S. J., & Harvey, A. J. (2017). Testing alcohol myopia theory: Examining the effects of alcohol intoxication on simultaneous central and peripheral attention. Perception, 46(1), 90–99. https://doi.org/10.1177/0301006616672221 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Crossland, D., Kneller, W., & Wilcock, R. (2016). Intoxicated witnesses: Testing the validity of the alcohol myopia theory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 30(2), 270–281. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3209 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Jaffe, A. E., Harris, C. M., & DiLillo, D. (2019). Observing alcohol myopia in the context of a trauma film paradigm: Differential recall of central and peripheral details. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 43(10), 2203–2211. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14156 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Sauerland, M., Broers, N. J., & van Oorsouw, K. (2019). Two field studies on the effects of alcohol on eyewitness identification, confidence, and decision times. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(3), 370–385. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3493 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Schreiber Compo, N., Evans, J. R., Carol, R. N., Kemp, D., Villalba, D., Ham, L. S., & Rose, S. (2011). Alcohol intoxication and memory for events : A snapshot of alcohol myopia in a real-world drinking scenario. Memory, 19(2), 202–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2010.546802. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
van Oorsouw, K., Broers, N. J., & Sauerland, M. (2019). Alcohol intoxication impairs eyewitness memory and increases suggestibility: Two field studies. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(3), 439–455. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3561 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-05
alcohol myopia theory
théorie de la myopie alcoolique
Hypothèse selon laquelle la consommation d'alcool provoquerait un rétrécissement de l'attention. Cela se traduirait par une moins bonne mémoire des informations périphériques d'un évènement, alors que la mémoire des informations centrales serait préservée.
The hypothesis that alcohol consumption leads to a narrowing of attention, resulting in poorer memory for peripheral information about an event, while memory for central information is thought to be preserved.

alcohol myopia
myopie alcoolique
alcohol myopia hypothesis
hypothèse de la myopie alcoolique

Brockerhoff, A. (2020, July 2). Eliciting Nonbelieved Memories. https://osf.io/vew4s/
Creating Nonbelieved Memories for Bizarre Actions Using an Imagination Inflation Procedure. (2020). [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/8XNZ3
Li, C., Otgaar, H., Wang, J., Zhang, Y., Mr, & Muris, P. (2022, March 21). Inducing nonbelieved memories using negative pictures from the Open Affective Standardized Image Set. https://osf.io/jdu45/
Otgaar, H., Wang, J., Li, C., Mazzoni, G., & Zhang, Y., Mr. (2022, January 6). Review: Belief, Recollection, and Nonbelieved memories. https://osf.io/5yr8a/
Virtual reality and nonbelieved memories. (2017). [Data set]. OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/
Zhang, Y., Battista, F., Thissen, D., Otgaar, H., Wang, J., & Jelicic, M. (in press). Examining the associations between nonbelieved memories and memory distrust, self-esteem, and rumination. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000344
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Mazzoni, G., Scoboria, A., & Harvey, L. (2010). Nonbelieved Memories. Psychological Science, 21(9), 1334 -1340. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610379865 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Otgaar, H., Scoboria, A., & Mazzoni, G. (2014). On the existence and implications of nonbelieved memories. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23(5), 349-354. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414542102 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Otgaar, H., Bücken, C., Bogaard, G., Wade, K. A., Hopwood, A. R., Scoboria, A., & Howe, M. L. (2019). Nonbelieved memories in the false memory archive. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(4), 429–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2019.07.003 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Scoboria, A., Mazzoni, G., & Boucher, C. (2017). Nonbelieved memories : A review of findings and theoretical implications. In R. A. Nash & J. Ost (Eds.), False and distorted memories. Psychology Press. Ebook edition. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Scoboria, A., Nash, R. A., & Mazzoni, G. (2017). Sub-types of nonbelieved memories reveal differential outcomes of challenges to memories. Memory, 25(7), 876–889. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1203437 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Zhang, Y., Battista, F., Thissen, D., Otgaar, H., Wang, J., & Jelicic, M. (2022). Examining the associations between nonbelieved memories and memory distrust, self-esteem, and rumination. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000344 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
souvenir douteux
souvenir non cru
A vivid autobiographical memory, the veracity of which is called into question by the subject.
Souvenir autobiographique vivace dont le sujet a fini par douter de la véracité.
nonbelieved memories
souvenirs contestés
souvenirs douteux
souvenirs non crus
nonbelieved memory
souvenir contesté

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Brand, M., & Markowitsch, H. J. (2010). Aspects of forgetting in psychogenic amnesia. In S. Della Sala (Ed.), Forgetting (pp. 239–251). Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Dodier, O. (2021). L’amnésie dissociative : Limites méthodologiques, limites conceptuelles, et explications alternatives. L'Année Psychologique, 121(3), 275‑309. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy1.213.0275 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Harrison, N. A., Johnston, K., Corno, F., Casey, S. J., Friedner, K., Humphreys, K., Jaldow, E. J., Pitkanen, M., & Kopelman, M. D. (2017). Psychogenic amnesia: Syndromes, outcome, and patterns of retrograde amnesia. Brain, 140(9), 2498–2510. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awx186 [Document type: empirical study / Access: free]
Mangiulli, I., Jelicic, M., Patihis, L., & Otgaar, H. (2021). Believing in dissociative amnesia relates to claiming it: A survey of people’s experiences and beliefs about dissociative amnesia. Memory, 29(10), 1362-1374 . https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1987475 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Mangiulli, I., Otgaar, H., Jelicic, M., & Merckelbach, H. (2022). A critical review of case studies on dissociative amnesia. Clinical Psychological Science, 10(2), 191–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/21677026211018194 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Markowitsch, H. J. (1999). Functional neuroimaging correlates of functional amnesia. Memory, 7(5-6), 561–583. https://doi.org/10.1080/096582199387751 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Markowitsch, H. J. (2003). Psychogenic amnesia. NeuroImage, 20, S132–S138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.09.010 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
McNally, R. J. (2003). Remembering trauma. Harvard University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Thomas-Anterion, C. (2017). L’amnésie dissociative. Revue de neuropsychologie, 9(4), 213–217. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2017.0431 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
amnésie dissociative
amnésie psychogène
dissociative amnesia
psychogenic amnesia
psychogenic fugue
Amnésie rétrograde, faisant suite à un stess important, à un évènement traumatisant, et pouvant aller jusqu’à la perte de l’identité personnelle. Les apprentissages nouveaux sont possibles (pas d’amnésie antérograde).
Retrograde amnesia, following a major stress, a traumatic event, which can even go as far as loss of personal identity. New learning is possible (no anterograde amnesia).

amnésie fonctionnelle
functional amnesia

Robin, F., Menetrier, E., & Beffara Bret, B. (2021, June 11). Effect of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and Misinformation paradigms. https://osf.io/zsh3b/
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Flowe, H. D., & Schreiber Compo, N. (2021). The lack of robust evidence for the effects of alcohol on false memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 127, 332–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.029 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Griego, A. W., Datzman, J. N., Estrada, S. M., & Middlebrook, S. S. (2019). Suggestibility and false memories in relation to intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder: A meta‐analytic review. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 63(12), 1464–1474. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12668 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
Klemfuss, J. Z., & Olaguez, A. P. (2020). Individual differences in children’s suggestibility: An updated review. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 29(2), 158–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2018.1508108 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Kloft, L., Monds, L. A., Blokland, A., Ramaekers, J. G., & Otgaar, H. (2021). Hazy memories in the courtroom: A review of alcohol and other drug effects on false memory and suggestibility. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 124, 291–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.012 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Muschalla, B., & Schönborn, F. (2021). Induction of false beliefs and false memories in laboratory studies – A systematic review. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 28(5), 1194-1209. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2567 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-09-05
faux souvenir induit par suggestion
suggestion-induced false memory
False memory produced under social pressure or external suggestions.
Faux souvenirs qu'une personne produit sous la pression sociale ou sous l'influence de suggestions externes.

faux souvenirs induits
faux souvenirs induits par suggestion
induced false memories
suggestion-induced false memories
faux souvenir induit
induced false memory

Frank Arnould
Jumah, F. R., & Dossani, R. H. (2022). Neuroanatomy, Cingulate Cortex. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537077/
Rolls, E. T. (2019). The cingulate cortex and limbic systems for emotion, action, and memory. Brain Structure and Function, 224(9), 3001‑3018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-019-01945-2
2020-06-23
2022-03-28
"The cingulate cortex is made up of the cingulate gyrus and the cortical gray matter lining the superior and inferior borders of the cingulate sulcus. As the Latin translation of “cingulate” would suggest, the cingulate gyrus wraps around the corpus callosum like a “belt.”“(Jumah & Dosant, 2022).
« Le cortex cingulaire est constitué du gyrus cingulaire et de la substance grise corticale qui borde les limites supérieures et inférieures du sillon cingulaire. Comme le suggère la traduction latine de "cingulaire", le gyrus cingulaire entoure le corps calleux comme une "ceinture".» (Jumah & Dosant, 2022).

cingulate cortex
cortex cingulaire

Frank Arnould
Euston, D. R., Gruber, A. J., & McNaughton, B. L. (2012). The role of medial prefrontal cortex in memory and decision making. Neuron, 76(6), 1057‑1070. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2012.12.002
2018-07-31
2022-09-08
cortex préfrontal ventromédian
mPFC
ventromedial prefrontal cortex
vmPFC
cortex préfrontal médian
medial prefrontal cortex

Akan, M., Benjamin, A., & Robinson, M. M. (2021, April 3). The effect of lineup size on eyewitness identification accuracy. https://osf.io/xcfhj
Baldassari, M. J. (2021, April 14). An ERP Lineup based on the P300 Guilty Knowledge Test. https://osf.io/2mv54
Baldassari, M. J., & Lindsay, D. S. (2021, April 14). Using ERP to identify culprits from lineups. https://osf.io/dzkez
Baldassari, M. J., Holroyd, C. B., & Tanaka, J. (2021, February 5). An ERP-based Concealed Information Test for Simultaneous Lineups. https://osf.io/b8tk9
Brackmann, Sauerland, & Otgaar (2018). Developmental Trends in Lineup Performance: Adolescents are More Prone to Innocent Bystander Misidentifications than Children and Adults. https://osf.io/58nhb/
Byrne, K. A., & Kennett, P. (2021, January 7). The Effect of Time Pressure and Lineup Type on Eyewitness Identification Accuracy and Confidence. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WD62S
Colloff, M. F. (2021, February 16). Optimizing the selection of fillers in police lineups: Experiment 2. https://osf.io/c36bf
Colloff, M. F. (2022, January 23). Optimizing the selection of fillers in police lineups: Experiment 1. https://osf.io/uzk48
Colloff, M. F., & Wade, K. A. (2018, September 27). Unfair lineups don’t just make witnesses more willing to choose the suspect, they also make them more likely to confuse innocent and guilty suspects. https://osf.io/63w4s
Colloff, M. F., Flowe, H. D., & Seale-Carlisle, T. M. (2022, January 25). Investigating the own race bias: Eyewitness identification performance in sequential, simultaneous-independent-movement, and simultaneous-joint-movement interactive lineups. (Study 2). https://osf.io/b8tvw
Fitzgerald, R. J. (2018, March 22). The single lineup paradigm: A new way to manipulate target presence in eyewitness identification experiments. https://osf.io/zc47d
Holdstock, J., Dalton, P., May, K., Boogert, S., & Mickes, L. (2022, April 26). Lineup identification in young and older witnesses: Does describing the criminal help or hinder? https://osf.io/xmk3h
Lin, W. (2021, December 21). The Effects of Repeated Lineups and Delay on Eyewitness Identification. https://osf.io/bc3zu
Lockamyeir, R., Jones, A., & Carlson, C. (2022, January 31). How confidence, decision time, and lineup fairness influence perceptions of eyewitness identification accuracy. https://osf.io/wmhp3
Manley, K. D., Chan, J. C., & Wells, G. L. (2019, April 16). Do Masked-Face Lineups Facilitate Eyewitness Identification of a Masked Individual? https://osf.io/5h4sg
Nyman, T. J. (2020, March 10). Lineup Positions. https://osf.io/bqdmg
Smalarz, L., Kornell, N., Vaughn, K., & Palmer, M. A. (2019, March 23). Identification Performance from Multiple Lineups: Should Eyewitnesses Who Pick Fillers Be Burned? https://osf.io/k529y
Winsor, A.A., Flowe, H.D., Seale-Carlisle, T.M., Killeen, I.M., Hett, D., Jores, T., Ingham, M., Lee, B.P., Stevens, L.M., & Colloff, M.F. (2020, July 7). Child Witness Expressions of Certainty Are Informative. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/3ZJD6
Frank Arnould
2022-04-27
Erickson, W. B., Lampinen, J. M., & Moore, K. N. (2016). Eyewitness identifications by older and younger adults: A meta-analysis and discussion. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 31(2), 108–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-015-9176-3 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Fitzgerald, R. J., Price, H. L., Oriet, C., & Charman, S. D. (2013). The effect of suspect-filler similarity on eyewitness identification decisions: A meta-analysis. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 19(2), 151–164. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030618 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Fitzgerald, R. J., & Price, H. L. (2015). Eyewitness identification across the life span: A meta-analysis of age differences. Psychological Bulletin, 141(6), 1228–1265. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000013 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Fitzgerald, R. J., Price, H. L., & Valentine, T. (2018). Eyewitness identification: Live, photo, and video lineups. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 24(3), 307–325. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000164 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Juncu, S., & Fitzgerald, R. J. (2021). A meta-analysis of lineup size effects on eyewitness identification. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 27(3), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000311 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Lampinen, J. M., Neuschatz, J. S., & Cling, A. D. (2012). The psychology of eyewitness identification. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Lee, J., & Penrod, S. D. (2019). New signal detection theory-based framework for eyewitness performance in lineups. Law and Human Behavior, 43(5), 436–454. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000343 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Lucas, C. A., Brewer, N., & Palmer, M. A. (2021). Eyewitness identification: The complex issue of suspect-filler similarity. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 27(2), 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1037/law000024 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pozzulo, J. D., Crescini, C., & Panton, T. (2008). Does methodology matter in eyewitness identification research?: The effect of live versus video exposure on eyewitness identification accuracy. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 31(5), 430–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2008.08.006 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pozzulo, J. D., Reed, J., Pettalia, J., & Dempsey, J. (2016). Simultaneous, Sequential, Elimination, and Wildcard: A Comparison of Lineup Procedures. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 31(1), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-015-9168-3 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Shen, K. J., Colloff, M. F., Vul, E., Wilson, B. M., & Wixted, J. T. (2023). Modeling face similarity in police lineups. Psychological Review, 130(2), 432–461. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000408 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Smith, A. M., Toglia, M. P., & Lampinen, J. M. (Eds.). (2021). Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wells, G. L., Kovera, M. B., Douglass, A. B., Brewer, N., Meissner, C. A., & Wixted, J. T. (2020). Policy and procedure recommendations for the collection and preservation of eyewitness identification evidence. Law and Human Behavior, 44(1), 3–36. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000359 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Wixted, J. T., & Mickes, L. (2014). A signal-detection-based diagnostic-feature-detection model of eyewitness identification. Psychological Review, 121(2), 262–276. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035940 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T., Vul, E., Mickes, L., & Wilson, B. M. (2018). Models of lineup memory. Cognitive Psychology, 105, 81–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2018.06.001 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
identification parade
lineup
parade d'identification
séance d'identification
Dans une séance de tapissage, le suspect est présenté parmi un ensemble d’individus dont l’innocence est connue (les distracteurs ou figurants). La tâche du témoin ou de la victime est d’identifier ou non le suspect parmi les personnes de la parade. Les membres du tapissage peuvent être présentés au moyen de photographies, d’enregistrements vidéo ou en direct (derrière une glace sans tain). Dans un tapissage de voix, la voix du suspect est présentée parmi des voix de personnes innocentes.
In a police lineup, the suspect is presented among a group of persons known to be innocent. The witness's or victim's task is to identify or not identify the suspect among the persons in the identification parade. The members of the line-up can be presented through photographs, video recordings or live (behind a one-way mirror). In a voice lineup, the suspect's voice is presented among the voices of innocent people.
identification parades
line-up
line-ups
lineup members
lineup procedure
lineups
parades d'identification
police line-ups
police lineups
séances d'identification
tapissages
tapissages de police
police lineup
tapissage de police

Frank Arnould
Brewer, J. B., & Moghekar, A. (2002). Imaging the medial temporal lobe: Exploring new dimensions. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(5), 217-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01881-8
Davachi, L., & Preston, A. (2014). The medial temporal lobe and memory. In M. S. Gazzaniga & G. R. Mangun (Eds.), The Cognitive Neurosciences (5th ed., pp. 539–546). MIT Press
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
Ensemble de structures du lobe temporal jouant un rôle important dans le fonctionnement de certains aspects de la mémoire : l'amygdale, le cortex entorhinal, le cortex parahippocampique, le cortex périrhinal, l'hippocampe (Brewer & Moghekar, 2002.)
Temporal lobe structures that play an important role in the functioning of certain aspects of memory: the amygdala, the entorhinal cortex, the parahippocampal cortex, the perirhinal cortex, the hippocampus (Brewer & Moghekar, 2002.)

lobes temporaux médians
medial temporal lobes
lobe temporal médian
medial temporal lobe

Frank Arnould
Scoville, W. B., & Milner, B. (1957). Loss of recent memory after bilateral hippocampal lesions. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 20(1), 11–21. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.20.1.11
2017-12-04
2022-03-08
L'exemple typique de ce syndrome amnésique est le cas H.M., largement décrit dans la littérature neuropsychologique. Suite à une résection bilatérale de l'hippocampe et du gyrus para-hippocampique pour soigner une épilepsie, H.M. présenta un syndrome amnésique pur, sans autres altérations cognitives. L'amnésie antérograde était massive, l'amnésie rétrograde apparaissant moins importante que dans le syndrome de Korsakoff. Ce syndrome peut avoir d'autres origines comme une encéphalite, une anoxie cérébrale, de lésions vasculaires, tumorales ou traumatiques. Dans ces cas, le syndrome amnésique n'est pas aussi pur que dans le cas H.M.
The typical example of this amnestic syndrome is the H. M. case, widely described in the neuropsychological literature. Following bilateral resection of the hippocampus and para-hippocampal gyrus to treat epilepsy, H. M. presented a pure amnestic syndrome, with no other cognitive alterations. Anterograde amnesia was massive, with retrograde amnesia appearing to be less severe than in Korsakoff's syndrome. This syndrome can have other causes such as encephalitis, cerebral anoxia, vascular lesions, tumours or brain traumas. In these cases, the amnestic syndrome is not as pure as in the H. M. case.
bi-hippocampal amnestic syndrome
syndrome amnésique bi-hippocampique

Frank Arnould
Ali-Chérif, A. (1991). Les syndromes amnésiques. In Bruyer, R., Van der Linder, M. Neuropsychologie de la mémoire humaine. Presses universitaires de Grenoble.
Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2003). Concepts et modèles en neuropsychologie de la mémoire. In Meulemans, T., Desgranges, B., Adam, S., Eustache, F. (eds.). Évaluation et prise en charge des troubles mnésiques. Solal.
2017-12-04
2022-03-08
A memory disorder with different etiologies, caused by brain damage, characterized by anterograde and retrograde amnesia. Other aspects of memory are preserved (implicit memory, procedural memory, short-term memory) as well as other cognitive functions.
Trouble de la mémoire d'étiologie variée, d'évolution relativement stable, lié à des lésions cérébrales, qui se caractérise par une amnésie antérograde et une amnésie rétrograde. D'autres aspects de la mémoire sont préservés (mémoire implicite, mémoire procédurale, mémoire à court terme) ainsi que les autres fonctions cognitives.
amnestic syndromes
syndromes amnésiques
amnestic syndrome
syndrome amnésique

Frank Arnould
2018-10-22
Ackil, J. K., & Zaragoza, M. S. (1998). Memorial consequences of forced confabulation : Age differences in susceptibility to false memories. Developmental Psychology, 34(6), 1358‑1372. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.34.6.1358 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
A false memory induction method. When participants do not have the necessary elements to answer questions about certain details of an event or about an entire event, they are forced to guess what happened. The tendency of these forced confabulations to integrate the subjects' memory of the event is the focus of analysis.
Méthode d’étude des faux souvenirs induits. Quand les participants ne disposent pas des éléments nécessaires pour répondre à des questions portant sur des détails d’un évènement ou sur un évènement complet, ils sont forcés à deviner ce qu'il s’est passé. Les analyses portent ensuite sur la propension qu’ont ces confabulations forcées à intégrer la mémoire de l’évènement des sujets.
forced confabulation ​paradigm
paradigme de la confabulation forcée ​

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114(1), 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Memory for the origin of information (where, who, when, how).
Mémoire de l'origine des informations (où, qui, quand, comment).

mémoire de la source
source memory

Criss, A. H. (2006). The consequences of differentiation in episodic memory : Similarity and the strength based mirror effect. Journal of Memory and Language, 55(4), 461‑478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2006.08.003
Criss, A. H., Malmberg, K. J., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2011). Output interference in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 64(4), 316–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2011.02.003
Ensor, T. M., Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2021). Modeling list-strength and spacing effects using version 3 of the retrieving effectively from memory (REM.3) model and its superimposition-of-similar-images assumption. Behavior Research Methods, 53(1), 4–21. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01324-z
Ensor, T. M., Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2021). Modeling list-strength and spacing effects using version 3 of the retrieving effectively from memory (REM.3) model and its superimposition-of-similar-images assumption. Behavior Research Methods, 53(1), 4–21. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01324-z
Malmberg, K. J., & Murnane, K. (2002). List composition and the word-frequency effect for recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(4), 616–630. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.4.616
Malmberg, K. J., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2005). The « one-shot » hypothesis for context storage. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 31(2), 322‑336. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.31.2.322
Malmberg, K. J., Steyvers, M., Stephens, J. D., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2002). Feature frequency effects in recognition memory. Memory & Cognition, 30(4), 607–613. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194962
Osth, A. F., Fox, J., McKague, M., Heathcote, A., & Dennis, S. (2018). The list strength effect in source memory: Data and a global matching model. Journal of Memory and Language, 103, 91–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2018.08.002
Schooler, L. J., Shiffrin, R. M., & Raaijmakers, J. G. W. (2001). A Bayesian model for implicit effects in perceptual identification. Psychological Review, 108(1), 257‑272. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.108.1.257
Shiffrin, R. M., & Steyvers, M. (1997). A model for recognition memory: REM—retrieving effectively from memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 4(2), 145–166. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03209391
Starns, J. J., White, C. N., & Ratcliff, R. (2010). A direct test of the differentiation mechanism: REM, BCDMEM, and the strength-based mirror effect in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 63(1), 18–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2010.03.004
Verde, M. F. (2013). Retrieval-induced forgetting in recall: Competitor interference revisited. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(5), 1433–1448. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032975 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-22
Psychhologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
REM model
modèle REM
A computational model of recognition and recall in episodic memory. Memories are stored as feature vectors. Memory retrieval is conceived as a Bayesian decision process.
Modèle computationnel de la reconnaissance et du rappel en mémoire épisodique. Les souvenirs sont stockés sous forme de vecteurs de traits. La récupération en mémoire est conçue comme un processus de décision bayésien.
modèle de récupération efficace en mémoire
retrieving effectively from memory model

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-09-05
stockage verbal
verbal storage
Generic term for the short- or long-term memory of verbal material. The term can also be used when non-verbal information (visual, auditory, tactile, etc.) is recoded in verbal memory.
Terme générique pour identifier la mémoire, à court ou à long terme, d'un matériel verbal. Le terme peut aussi être utilisé quand des informations non verbales (visuelles, auditives, tactiles…) sont recodées en mémoire sous forme verbale.

mémoire verbale
verbal memory

Frank Arnould
Jansen, R. S., Lakens, D., & IJsselsteijn, W. A. (2017). An integrative review of the cognitive costs and benefits of note-taking. Educational Research Review, 22, 223–233. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2017.10.001
Kiewra, K. A. (1985). Investigating notetaking and review: A depth of processing alternative. Educational Psychologist, 20(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep2001_4
Lalchandani, L. A., & Healy, A. F. (2022). Elucidating the cognitive processes involved in the note‐taking effect. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(5), 1009–1021. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3985
Piolat, A., Olive, T., & Kellogg, R. T. (2005). Cognitive effort during note taking. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19(3), 291–312. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1086
Rickards, J. P., & Friedman, F. (1978). The encoding versus the external storage hypothesis in note taking. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 3(2), 136–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/0361-476X(78)90020-6
2021-09-13
2023-09-04
A strategy consisting of storing the elements that need to be remembered in external documents (paper or electronic media).
Stratégie consistant à stocker dans documents externes (papier ou supports électroniques) les éléments dont il faut se souvenir.

note taking
notetaking
prendre des notes
prises de notes
taking note
taking notes
note-taking
prise de notes

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Brady, T., & Bainbridge, W. (Eds.). (2022). Visual memory. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Brockmole, J.R. (Ed.) (2009):The visual world in memory. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Generic term used for the encoding, storage and retrieval of visual information.
Terme générique utilisé pour désigner le codage, le stockage et la récupération des informations visuelles.

mémoire visuelle
visual memory

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
free recall paradigm
free recall test
paradigme de rappel libre
test de rappel libre
A recall task in which the subject is required to retrieve items from memory without being constrained to reproduce the order in which they were presented, and thus deciding the output order by himself/herself.
Tâche de rappel durant laquelle le sujet doit récupérer des éléments en mémoire sans être contraint de reproduire l’ordre dans lequel ils ont été présentés et donc en déterminant lui-même cet ordre.
free recall
free recall paradigms
free recall tasks
free recall tests
free recalls
paradigmes de rappel libre
rappel libre
rappels libres
tests de rappel libre
tâches de rappel libre
free recall task
tâche de rappel libre

Frank Arnould
Cleary, A. M., Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (2019). Dependent measures in memory research: From free recall to recognition. In Handbook of research methods in human memory (pp. 19–35). Routledge.
2017-12-04
2022-05-02
mesure de rappel
méthode de rappel
paradigme de rappel
recall measure
recall method
recall paradigm
recall test
test de rappel
A task during which the subject is asked to retrieve, in their absence, elements stored in memory.
Tâche durant laquelle le sujet doit récupérer, en leur absence, des éléments stockés en mémoire.

mesures de rappel
méthodes de rappel
paradigmes de rappel
rappel
rappels
recall
recall measures
recall paradigms
recall tasks
recall tests
tests de rappel
tâches de rappel
recall task
tâche de rappel

Osth, A. F., & Farrell, S. (2018, August 2). Using response time distributions and race models to characterize primacy and recency effects in free recall initiation. https://osf.io/bkjqn
Frank Arnould
Glanzer, M., & Cunitz, A. R. (1966). Two storage mechanisms in free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5(4), 351‑360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80044-0
Murdock, B. B. Jr. (1962). The serial position effect of free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 64(5), 482–488. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045106
2017-12-04
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-03-22
Distraction task between the end of the list and recall: the effect is suppressed
Modalité de présentation : l’effet est accentué quand les items sont présentés auditivement par rapport à leur présentation visuelle
Presentation modality: the effect is accentuated when items are acoustically presented compared to their visual presentation.
Type de rappel : en rappel libre, l’effet de récence est plus important que l’effet de primauté
Type of recall: in free recall, the recency effect is larger than the primacy effect.
Tâche de distraction entre la fin de la liste et le rappel : élimine l’effet
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y
law of recency
loi de récence
principe de récence
principle of recency
Better memory for the last items in a list.
Meilleure mémoire pour les derniers items d'une liste.

effet de récence
recency effect

Frank Arnould
Hurlstone, M. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2014). Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 339–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034221
2017-12-04
2022-05-18
ordered recall task
rappel sériel
serial recall
serial recall test
test de rappel sériel
tâche de rappel ordonné
Dans un test de rappel sériel, le sujet doit rappeler les informations dans l'ordre de présentation de celles-ci pendant la phase d'étude.
In a serial recall test, the subject is asked to recall the items in their order of presentation during the study phase.
rappel ordonné
serial recall tasks
serial recall tests
tests de rappel sériel
tâches de rappel sériel
serial recall task
tâche de rappel sériel

Frank Arnould
Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., & Mojardin, A. H. (1999). Conjoint recognition. Psychological Review, 106(1), 160–179. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.106.1.160
Brainerd, C. J., Wright, R., Reyna, V. F., & Mojardin, A. H. (2001). Conjoint recognition and phantom recollection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(2), 307–327. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.2.307
2017-12-04
Brainerd, C. J., Bialer, D. M., & Chang, M. (2022). Fuzzy-trace theory and false memory : Meta-analysis of conjoint recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48, 1680‑1697. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001040 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Yu, J., Tao, Q., Zhang, R., Chan, C. C. H., & Lee, T. M. C. (2019). Can fMRI discriminate between deception and false memory? A meta-analytic comparison between deception and false memory studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.027 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
2023-03-28
conjoint recognition task
reconnaissance conjointe
tâche de reconnaissance conjointe
Recognition task during which participants receive one of the following instructions: recognize items that were studied; recognize items that have not been studied, but are consistent with the general meaning of the stored material; recognize studied items and items that share the same general meaning. Paradigm used to analyze false memories like those produced in the DRM task.
Épreuve de reconnaissance d'un matériel qui a été mémorisé au cours de laquelle les participants reçoivent l'une des instructions suivantes : reconnaitre les items qui ont été étudiés ; reconnaitre les items qui n'ont pas été étudiés mais cohérents avec le sens général du matériel mémorisé ; reconnaitre les items étudiés et les items qui partagent le même sens général. Paradigme utilisé pour analyser les faux souvenirs, comme ceux produits dans la tâche DRM.
reconnaissances conjointes
conjoint recognition paradigm
paradigme de reconnaissance conjointe

Van Eersel, G., Verkoeijen, P., & Bouwmeester, S. (2017, March 14). Does retrieval practice depend on semantic cues? Assessing the fuzzy trace account of the testing effect. https://osf.io/nx3zm/
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (1995). Fuzzy-trace theory: An interim synthesis. Learning and Individual Differences, 7(1), 1–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/1041-6080(95)90031-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2001). Fuzzy-trace theory: Dual account in memory, reasoning, and cognitive neuroscience. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 28, 41–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2407(02)80062-3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Brainerd, C., & Reyna, V. (2004). Fuzzy-trace theory and memory development. Developmental Review, 24(4), 396–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2004.08.005 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2019). Fuzzy-trace theory, false memory, and the law. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 6(1), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732218797143 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Helm, R. K., & Reyna, V. F. (2023). Fuzzy trace theory: Memory and decision-making in law, medicine, and public health. In R. H. Logie, Z. Wen, S. E. Gathercole, N. Cowan, & R. W. Engle (Eds.), Memory in science for society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 93–122). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Patrice Terrier
FTT
Theory postulating that information is stored in parallel under two types of traces: verbatim traces representing the surface details of the stimuli and gist traces representing the general and thematic meaning of the stimuli.
Théorie selon laquelle les informations sont stockées en parallèle sous deux types de traces : des traces littérales, représentant les détails de surface des stimuli (verbatim traces) et des traces représentant le sens général, le thème des stimuli (gist traces).
Fuzzy Trace Theory is based on several principles, which are as follows in the case of false memories (Brainerd & Reyna, 2019, p. 80): “Verbatim and gist: Subjects process the surface form and meaning of events, storing separate traces of each. Dissociated retrieval: Recountings are based on the retrieval of both verbatim and gist traces. Some cues favor verbatim retrieval; others favor gist retrieval. Opponent processes: Verbatim and gist retrieval both support true memory. Gist retrieval supports ‘false’ memories of meaning-consistent events, whereas verbatim retrieval suppresses false memories. Development: Memory for the verbatim form and semantic content of experience both improve during development. Gist improvements are more protracted with age than verbatim improvements. Individual differences: Some individuals are more susceptible to false memory, such as individuals with poor verbatim memories or who preferentially retrieve gist. Phantom recollection: Verbatim and gist retrieval can both produce vivid, realistic recollections that are difficult to distinguish.”
La théorie de la trace floue repose sur plusieurs principes, qui sont les suivants dans le cas des faux souvenirs (Brainerd et Reyna, 2019, p. 80) : « Littéral et sens général : Les sujets traitent la forme de surface et le sens général des événements, en stockant des traces séparées de chacun. Récupération dissociée : Les récits sont basés sur la récupération des traces littérales et du sens général. Certains indices favorisent la récupération du littéral, d’autres la récupération du sens général. Processus opposés : La récupération du littéral et du sens général est à l’origine des souvenirs vrais. La récupération du sens principal favorise les "faux" souvenirs d’événements ayant une signification cohérente, tandis que la récupération du littéral supprime les faux souvenirs. Développement : La mémoire de la forme littérale et du contenu sémantique de l’expérience s’améliore au cours du développement. Les améliorations du sens général se prolongent plus avec l’âge que les améliorations du littéral. Différences individuelles : Certains individus sont plus sensibles aux faux souvenirs, comme ceux qui ont une mauvaise mémoire de la forme de surface des événements ou ceux qui récupèrent de préférence le sens général. Souvenirs fantômes : La récupération du littéral et celle du sens général peuvent toutes deux produire des souvenirs vivaces et réalistes qui sont difficiles à distinguer. »

fuzzy trace theory
théorie de la trace floue

Bücken, C. A., & Otgaar, H. (2020, June 23). lying and DRM type false memories (DRM Videos). https://osf.io/4s37n/
Calado, B., Otgaar, H., & Muris, P. (2018, September 27). Are Children Better Witnesses than Adolescents? Developmental Trends in Different False Memory Paradigms. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6EMH2
Crozier, W. E., & Strange, D. (2018, May 22). Associations with Guilty using the DRM Paradigm. https://osf.io/b7wux/
DRM CIF norms. (2019). OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/HSDRQ
Dechterenko, F., Lukavsky, J., & Štipl, J. (2020, September 25). False memories for scenes using DRM paradigm. https://osf.io/sqjbn/
Dewhurst, S. (2009, janvier 27). Identifying the origin of false memories : A comparison of DRM and categorised lists. [Data Collection]. Economic and Social Research Council. doi:10.5255/UKDA-SN-850078
Friehs, M. A. (2021, May 6). DRM tDCS. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/X5QAS
Geiger, S. J., Haaf, J. M., Rieble, C., Haas, H., Rameckers, S., Gavan, L., & Aust, F. (2019, November 29). A Bayesian Meta-Analysis on Developmental Effects in the DRM Paradigm. https://osf.io/62nfg/
Houben, S. T. L., Otgaar, H., Roelofs, J., Smeets, T., & Merckelbach, H. (2020). Increases of correct memories and spontaneous false memories due to eye movements when memories are retrieved after a time delay [Data set]. DataverseNL. doi:10.34894/FPWRLZ
Houben, S., & Otgaar, H. (2019, October 8). False memory effects of EMDR. https://osf.io/gx7te/
Huff, M. J., & Maxwell, N. P. (2021, July 19). Drawing Individual Images Benefits Recognition Accuracy in the DRM Paradigm. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/R4YH9
Icoez, S. (2021, March 31). Working memory capacity and False Memories in the DRM-Paradigm. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/4ETFW
Kloft, L., & Otgaar, H. (2020, January 22). Hazy memories: Cannabis increases susceptibility to false memory. https://osf.io/k5v8c/
Pansuwan, T., Swanson, L., & Morcom, A. (2019, March 15). Associative and Perceptual False Memory in Ageing. https://osf.io/45w3t/
Riesthuis, P., Otgaar, H., & Mangiulli, I. (2021, April 28). The Impact of Forced Confabulation on Spontaneous False Memory Formation. https://osf.io/y587d/
Robin, F., Menetrier, E., & Beffara Bret, B. (2021, June 11). Effect of visual imagery on false memories in DRM and Misinformation paradigmshttps://osf.io/zsh3b/
Schopen, K., Otgaar, H., & Howe, M. L. (2021, January 19). The Effects of Warning on Children’s and Adults’ False Memory Creation. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WBCZQ
Self referencing and false memory exp 2b. (2020). OSF. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/5JG6B
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Zeelenberg, R., Dijkstra, K., & Paolacci, G. (2017, July 26). Does Repeated Participation Affect Effect Size? An Analysis of 9 Cognitive Psychological Experiments. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/GHV6M
van Rijn, E., Cox, E., Carter, N., McMurtrie, H., Willner, P., & Blagrove, M. T. (2015). Sleep Does Not Cause False Memories on the Deese-Roediger-McDermott Paradigm nor on a Story-Based Test of Suggestibility [Data set]. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.23012
Frank Arnould
Pardilla-Delgado, E., & Payne, J. D. (2017). The Deese-Roediger-Mcdermott (DRM) task : A simple cognitive paradigm to investigate false memories in the laboratory. JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments), 119, e54793. https://doi.org/10.3791/54793 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
Chang, M., & Brainerd, C. J. (2021). Semantic and phonological false memory: A review of theory and data. Journal of Memory and Language, 119, 104210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104210 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Coane, J. H., McBride, D. M., Huff, M. J., Chang, K., Marsh, E. M., & Smith, K. A. (2021). Manipulations of list type in the DRM paradigm : A review of how structural and conceptual similarity affect false memory. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.668550 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Coburn, P. I., Dogra, K. K., Rai, I. K., & Bernstein, D. M. (2021). The trajectory of targets and critical lures in the Deese/Roediger–Mcdermott paradigm: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.718818 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Deese, J. (1959). On the prediction of occurence of particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58(1), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046671 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Gallo, D. A. (2006). Associative illusions of memory: false memory research in DRM and related tasks. Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Huff, M. J., Bodner, G. E., & Fawcett, J. M. (2015). Effects of distinctive encoding on correct and false memory:A meta-analytic review of costs and benefits and their origins in the DRM paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 22(2), 349‑365. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-014-0648-8 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
Langevin, S., Sauzéon, H., Taconnat, L., & N’Kaoua, B. (2009). Les fausses reconnaissances induites par les paradigmes DRM, MI et tâches dérivées. L’Année Psychologique, 109(4), 699‑729. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503309004059 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Roediger, H. L., & McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21(4), 803–814. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.21.4.803 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-04-18
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y
DRM experiment
DRM false memory paradigm
DRM procedure
DRM study
DRM task
DRM test
Deese paradigm
Deese-Roediger-McDermott false memory paradigm
Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm
expérience DRM
paradigme de Deese
paradigme de Deese-Roediger-McDermott
procédure DRM
test DRM
tâche DRM
Développé par Deese (1959) et popularisé par Roediger et McDermott (1995), le paradigme DRM (pour Deese-Roediger-McDermott) consiste à demander aux sujets d'étudier des listes des mots conçues chacune de la manière suivante. Chacun des mots d'une liste (repos, sieste, lit...) est associé à un autre mot, appelé leurre critique qui n'est pas présenté (sommeil). Les résultats montrent que les sujets peuvent rappeler ou reconnaître de façon erronée et à des taux élevés, les leurres critiques en raison des liens sémantiques qu'ils partagent avec les mots étudiés. Des versions modifiées du paradigme DRM reposent sur des associations phonologiques.
The DRM paradigm (for Deese-Roediger-McDermott) was developed by Deese (1959) and popularized by Roediger & McDermott (1995) and consists of asking subjects to study lists of words each designed as follows. Each word in a list (rest, nap, bed, etc.) is associated with another word, named the critical lure that is not presented (sleep). Results show that subjects can recall or recognize the critical lures erroneously and at high rates because of the semantic/thematic connections they share with the studied words. Modified versions of the DRM paradigm are based on phonological associations.

DRM associate list
DRM associate lists
DRM associative structure
DRM associative structures
DRM experiments
DRM list
DRM lists
DRM lure
DRM lures
DRM material
DRM materials
DRM paradigms
DRM procedures
DRM stimuli
DRM studies
DRM tasks
DRM tests
DRM theme
DRM themes
DRM word list
DRM word lists
expériences DRM
leurre DRM
leurres DRM
liste DRM
listes DRM
paradigmes DRM
procédures DRM
tests DRM
tâches DRM
DRM paradigm
paradigme DRM

Frank Arnould
Blondelle, G., Hainselin, M., Gounden, Y., & Quaglino, V. (2020). Instruments measuring prospective memory: A systematic and meta-analytic review. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 35(5), 576–596. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa009
Bouëdec, B. L., & Germain, B. D. (1997). La mémoire prospective ou se souvenir des actions futures. L’Année Psychologique, 97(3), 519-544. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1997.28973
Cohen, A.-L., & Hicks, J. L. (2017). Prospective memory: Remembering to remember, remembering to forget. Springer.
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective memory: Multiple retrieval processes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(6), 286–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00382.x
Grünbaum, T., & Kyllingsbæk, S. (2020). Is remembering to do a special kind of memory? Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 11(2), 385‑404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-020-00479-5
Guynn, M. J., Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2019). Methods of studying prospective memory. In H. Otani & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in human memory (p. 284‑312). Routledge.
Kliegel, M., McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (Eds.). (2012). Prospective memory: Cognitive, neuroscience, developmental, and applied perspectives. Psychology Press.
Lecouvey, G., Gonneaud, J., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2015). Les grandes théories de la mémoire prospective: Vers une vision dynamique des processus cognitifs engagés lors du rappel programmé d’intentions. Revue de neuropsychologie, 7(3), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.073.0207
Lecouvey, G., Gonneaud, J., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2015). Les processus cognitifs de la mémoire prospective. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 7(3), 199‑206. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.073.0199
McBride, D. M., & Workman, R. A. (2017). Is prospective memory unique? A comparison of prospective and retrospective memory. In B. H. Ross (Éd.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 67, p. 213‑238). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.plm.2017.03.007
McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2000). Strategic and automatic processes in prospective memory retrieval : A multiprocess framework. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S127‑S144. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.775
Meacham, J. & B.Leiman. (1975). Remembering to perform future actions. American Psychological Association Conference, Chicago.
Meacham, J., & Singer, J. (1977). Incentive effects in prospective remembering. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 97, 191‑197. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1977.9923962
Perdue, B. M., Evans, T. A., Williamson, R. A., Gonsiorowski, A., & Beran, M. J. (2014). Prospective memory in children and chimpanzees. Animal Cognition, 17(2), 287–295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-013-0661-8
Rouleau, I., Lajeunesse, A., Drolet, V., Potvin, M.-J., Marcone, S., Lecomte, S., Imbeault, H., Limoges, F., Labelle, V., Gagnon, J.-F., & Joubert, S. (2016). L’évaluation clinique de la mémoire prospective dans le MCI. NPG Neurologie - Psychiatrie - Gériatrie, 16(93), 152‑158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npg.2015.07.010
Rummel, J., & Kvavilashvili, L. (2023). Current theories of prospective memory and new directions for theory development. Nature Reviews Psychology, 2, 40–54. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44159-022-00121-4
Rummel, J., & McDaniel M.A. (Eds.) (2019). Prospective memory. Routledge.
Wilson, A. G., & Crystal, J. D. (2012). Prospective memory in the rat. Animal Cognition, 15(3), 349–358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-011-0459-5
2017-12-04
2023-03-20

Geoffrey Blondelle
Mathieu Hainselin
delayed intention
intention différée
memory for intention
memory for planned intention
mémoire des intentions
mémoire des intentions planifiées
prospective remembering
realization of delayed intentions
remembering to recall
remembering to remember
réalisation d'intentions différées
Memory of delayed intentions, such as remembering an appointment next Monday at 5 p.m., comprising a retrospective component (i.e. remembering what is to be done and when) and a prospective component (i.e. remembering that something is to be done). Prospective memory thus integrates memory and executive processes (planning, monitoring, etc.).
Mémoire des intentions différées, comme se souvenir d'un rendez-vous lundi prochain à 17h, comprenant une composante rétrospective (c’est-à-dire, se souvenir de ce qui doit être fait et quand) et d’une composante prospective (c’est-à-dire, se souvenir que quelque chose doit être fait). La mémoire prospective intègre donc des processus mnésiques et exécutifs (planification, monitoring, etc.).

delayed intentions
intentions différées
memory for intentions
mémoire prospective
prospective memory

Frank Arnould
Kim, H. (2011). Neural activity that predicts subsequent memory and forgetting: A meta-analysis of 74 fMRI studies. NeuroImage, 54(3), 2446-2461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.045
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
Greater activation in a region of the brain during the encoding of a stimulus that is later remembered.
Plus grande activation d'une région cérébrale pendant l'encodage d'un stimulus qui sera ensuite remémoré.
effet de la mémoire subséquente positif
positive subsequent memory effect

Frank Arnould
Kim, H. (2011). Neural activity that predicts subsequent memory and forgetting: A meta-analysis of 74 fMRI studies. NeuroImage, 54(3), 2446-2461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.045
Otten, L. J., & Rugg, M. D. (2001). When more means less: neural activity related to unsuccessful memory encoding. Current Biology, 11(19), 1528–1530. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00454-7
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
effet de l'oubli subséquent
effet de la mémoire subséquente inversé
nSM
reversed subsequent memory effect
subsequent forgetting effect
Greater activation in a region of the brain during the encoding of a stimulus that is later forgotten (and lower activation in a region of the brain during the encoding of a stimulus that is later remembered).
Plus grande activation d'une région cérébrale quand est encodé un stimulus qui sera ensuite oublié (et plus faible activation d'une région durant l'encodage d'un stimulus qui sera ensuite remémoré).
effet de la mémoire subséquente négatif
negative subsequent memory effect

Frank Arnould
Martín‐Luengo, B., Zinchenko, O., Dolgoarshinnaia, A., & Leminen, A. (2021). Retrospective confidence judgments : Meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. Human Brain Mapping, 42(10), 3005‑3022. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25397
Morgan, G., Kornell, N., Kornblum, T., & Terrace, H. S. (2014). Retrospective and prospective metacognitive judgments in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Animal Cognition, 17(2), 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-013-0657-4
2018-11-06
2022-04-01
jugement de confiance rétrospectif
retrospective confidence judgment
Confiance portant sur une réponse passée.
Confidence in a past response.
jugements de confiance rétrospectif
retrospective confidence judgments
confiance rétrospective
retrospective confidence

Frank Arnould
2018-08-03
2022-03-30
cortex frontal
frontal cortex
frontal region
région frontale
Lobe located at the front of the cerebrum.
Lobe situé à l'avant du cerveau.

frontal lobes
frontal regions
lobes frontaux
régions frontales
frontal lobe
lobe frontal

Frank Arnould
2020-02-10
2023-03-20
cortex pariétal
parietal cortex
parietal region
parietal site
région pariétale
Lobe du cerveau situé à l’arrière du lobe frontal et au-dessus du lobe temporal.
Lobe of the brain located behind the frontal lobe and above the temporal lobe.

lobes pariétaux
parietal lobes
régions pariétales
lobe pariétal
parietal lobe

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Muschalla, B., & Schönborn, F. (2021). Induction of false beliefs and false memories in laboratory studies – A systematic review. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 28(5), 1194-1209. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2567 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-03-23
fausse croyance induite
induced false belief
An erroneous belief that one has experienced an event in the past, unaccompanied by a detailed memory.
Croyance erronée d’avoir vécu un événement dans le passé, non accompagnée d’un souvenir détaillé.
false autobiographical beliefs
fausses croyances autobiographiques
fausses croyances induites
induced false beliefs
false autobiographical belief
fausse croyance autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Clark, H. H., & Chase, W. G. (1972). On the process of comparing sentences against pictures. Cognitive Psychology, 3(3), 472–517. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(72)90019-9
2017-12-04
2022-03-31
category verification task
Method for studying semantic memory. Subjects are asked to judge whether sentences presented to them are true or false.
Méthode d'étude de la mémoire sémantique. Les sujets doivent juger si les phrases qui leur sont présentées sont vraies ou fausses.
sentence verification task
tâche de vérification de phrases

Frank Arnould
Maquestiaux, F. (2017). Psychologie de l’attention (2ᵉ éd.). De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Paulhan, F. (1887). La simultanéité des actes psychiques. Revue scientifique, 13, 684-689. http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k215108b/f687.image
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
concurrent task
dual task method
méthode de la double tâche
tâche concurrente
An experimental paradigm during which the subject performs two tasks simultaneously. Especially used as a method for studying the central executive of working memory.
Paradigme expérimental consistant à demander au sujet de réaliser simultanément deux tâches. Utilisé notamment comme méthode d'étude de l'administrateur central de la mémoire de travail.

concurrent tasks
double tâche
dual task paradigms
dual-task
paradigme des doubles tâches
tâche double
tâches concurrentes
dual task paradigm
paradigme de la double tâche

Frank Arnould
Barrouillet, P., Gorin, S., & Camos, V. (2021). Simple spans underestimate verbal working memory capacity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 150(4), 633–665. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000957
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
digit span task
digit span test
test d'empan de chiffres
test d'empan de mots
test d'empan verbal
tâche d'empan de chiffres
tâche d'empan de mots
verbal span test
word span task
word span test
In verbal span tasks, subjects are presented with increasing lists of digits, letters, or words that they are asked to remember in the order in which they were presented. The span is the maximum number of items that subjects can immediately recall.
Les tâches d'empan verbal consistent à présenter des listes croissantes de chiffres, de lettres ou de mots que le sujet doit rappeler dans l'ordre de présentation. L'empan est le nombre maximum d'éléments que le sujet peut rappeler immédiatement.
digit span tasks
digit span tests
tests d'empan de chiffres
tests d'empan de mots
tests d'empan verbal
tâches d'empan de chiffres
tâches d'empan de mots
tâches d'empan verbal
verbal span tasks
verbal span tests
word span tasks
word span tests
tâche d'empan verbal
verbal span task

Frank Arnould
Colle, H. A., & Welsh, A. (1976). Acoustic masking in primary memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 15(1), 17-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(76)90003-7
Neath, I. (2000). Modeling the effects of irrelevant speech on memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 7(3), 403–423. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03214356
Salamé, P., & Baddeley, A. (1982). Disruption of short-term memory by unattended speech: Implications for the structure of working memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 21(2), 150-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(82)90521-7
Salamé, P., & Baddeley, A. (1986). Phonological factors in STM: Similarity and the unattended speech effect. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 24(4), 263–265. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03330135
Salamé, P., & Baddeley, A. (1987). Noise, unattended speech and short-term memory. Ergonomics, 30(8), 1185-1194. https://doi.org/10.1080/0014013870896600
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
effet de parole interférant
effet de parole à négliger
effet du discours non attendu
effet du discours non écouté
unattended speech effect
Perturbation de la mémoire verbale à court terme quand la tâche de mémoire s'est effectuée alors que le sujet entendait des sons de parole qu'on lui demandait d'ignorer.
The disturbance of verbal short-term memory when the memory task was performed while the subject heard speech sounds that he or she was asked to ignore.

effet de parole non pertinente
irrelevant speech effect

Frank Arnould
Jones, D., & J. Macken, W. (1993). Irrelevant tones produce an irrelevant speech effect: Implications for phonological coding in working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19, 369–381. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.19.2.369
Jones, D., Madden, C., & Miles, C. (1992). Privileged access by irrelevant speech to short-term memory: The role of changing state. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 44(4), 645–669. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640749208401304
2018-03-21
2021-10-08
The immediate serial recall of a sequence of items is disturbed when a sound that the subject has to ignore is unstable (for example, a sequence of different letters as compared to the repetition of the same letter or sounds with different frequencies compared to sounds of the same frequency).
​Le rappel sériel immédiat d'une séquence d'items est perturbé quand un son que le sujet doit ignorer est instable (par exemple, une suite de lettres différentes par rapport à la répétition de la même lettre ou encore des sons qui changent de fréquence par rapport à des sons de même fréquence).
changing-state effect
effet d'instabilité

Frank Arnould
Hughes, R., Vachon, F., & Jones, D. (2007). Disruption of short-term memory by changing and deviant sounds: Support for a duplex-mechanism account of auditory distraction. Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition, 33, 1050–1061. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.6.1050 ​
Lange, E. B. (2005). Disruption of attention by irrelevant stimuli in serial recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 53(4), 513–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.07.002 ​
2018-09-12
2023-04-03
Perturbation de la mémoire à court terme verbale quand la tâche de mémoire s'est effectuée alors que le sujet entendait une séquence de sons qu'il devait ignorer et dont l'un des sons différait des autres de manière inattendue.
The disruption of short-term verbal memory when the memory task was performed while the subject was hearing a sequence of sounds that he or she should ignore and one of which differed unexpectedly from the others.
auditory deviant effect ​
effet du déviant auditif ​

Sasin, E. (2020, May 20). Memory-driven capture is at the level of features not objects. https://osf.io/faecw
Sasin, E. (2021, July 11). Training modulates memory-driven capture. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PVUR8
Frank Arnould
Olivers, C. (2009). What drives memory-driven attentional capture? The effects of memory type, display type, and search type. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 35, 1275–1291. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013896
Sasin, E., & Fougnie, D. (2020). Memory-driven capture occurs for individual features of an object. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 19499. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76431-5
2020-11-23
2023-09-04
memory-driven capture
“lorsque les participants effectuent une recherche visuelle tout en gardant d’autres informations en mémoire, les distracteurs qui correspondent au contenu de la mémoire captent automatiquement l’attention visuelle et perturbent la recherche.” (Sasin & Fougnie, 2020).
“when participants are searching a display while holding other information in memory, distractors that match the contents of memory automatically capture visual attention and disrupt search.” (Sasin & Fougnie, 2020).
capture attentionnelle mnésique
memory-driven attentional capture

Frank Arnould
Maurer, D., Grand, R. L., & Mondloch, C. J. (2002). The many faces of configural processing. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(6), 255-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01903-4
Tanaka, J. W., & Simonyi, D. (2016). The “parts and wholes” of face recognition: A review of the literature. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(10), 1876–1889. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2016.1146780
2017-12-04
2022-07-26
Mode de traitement des informations utilisé dans la perception et la reconnaissance expertes d'objets, reposant sur la configuration globale du stimulus pris comme un tout indivisible.
Mode of information processing involved in expert perception and recognition of objects such as faces, based on the global configuration of a stimulus as an indivisible whole.
holistic processing
traitement holistique

Frank Arnould
Maurer, D., Grand, R. L., & Mondloch, C. J. (2002). The many faces of configural processing. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(6), 255-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01903-4
2017-12-04
2022-04-07
sensibilité aux relations de second ordre
sensitivity of second-order relations
Mode de traitement des informations utilisé dans la perception et la reconnaissance des visages, reposant sur les distances entre les traits du visages.
Mode of information processing involved in face perception and recognition, based on the distances between face features.
second-order relational processing
traitement des relations de second ordre

Frank Arnould
Bonin, P., & Bugaiska, A. (2014). « Survivre pour se souvenir ». Une approche novatrice de la mémoire humaine : la mémoire adaptative. L’Année Psychologique, 114(3), 571–610. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503314003066
Nairne, J. S. (2010). Adaptive memory: Evolutionary constraints on remembering. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 53, p. 1–32). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(10)53001-9
Nairne, J. S., Pandeirada, J. N. S., & Fernandes, N. L. (2017). Adaptive Memory. In J. H. Byrne (Ed.), Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference (Second Edition) (p. 279–293). Oxford: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21060-2
Schwartz, B. L., Howe, M. L., Toglia, M. P., & Otgaar, H. (Eds.). (2013). What Is Adaptive about Adaptive Memory? Oxford University Press.
2017-12-04
2021-09-22
Notion faisant référence au fait que la mémoire a pour fonction de résoudre des problèmes adaptatifs, c'est-à-dire d'améliorer la survie et la reproduction (fitness).
Term referring to the fact that the function of memory is to solve adaptive problems, and thus, to improve survival and reproduction (fitness).

adaptive memory
mémoire adaptative

Kelly, M. O., & Lab, C. (2021, September 17). Serial Position: Isolation effects. https://osf.io/e5wrh
Röhrle, I., Grinschgl, S., Papenmeier, F., & Meyerhoff, H. S. (2021, March 23). Cognitive Offloading Long-Term Memory. https://osf.io/ke9dj
Frank Arnould
Clark, A., & Chalmers, D. (1998). The extended mind. Analysis, 58(1), 7‑19. https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/58.1.7
Eskritt, M., & Ma, S. (2014). Intentional forgetting : Note-taking as a naturalistic example. Memory & Cognition, 42(2), 237‑246. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-013-0362-1
Kelly, M. O., & Risko, E. F. (2019). Offloading memory : Serial position effects. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(4), 1347‑1353. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01615-8
Kelly, M. O., & Risko, E. F. (2019). The isolation effect when offloading memory. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(4), 471‑480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2019.10.001
Kelly, M. O., & Risko, E. F. (2022). Revisiting the influence of offloading memory on free recall. Memory & Cognition, 50(4), 710–721. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01237-3
Lu, X., Kelly, M. O., & Risko, E. F. (2020). Offloading information to an external store increases false recall. Cognition, 104428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104428
Morrison, A. B., & Richmond, L. L. (2020). Offloading items from memory: Individual differences in cognitive offloading in a short-term memory task. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 5(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-019-0201-4
Risko, E. F., & Gilbert, S. J. (2016). Cognitive offloading. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 20(9), 676‑688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2016.07.002
Risko, E. F., Kelly, M. O., Patel, P., & Gaspar, C. (2019). Offloading memory leaves us vulnerable to memory manipulation. Cognition, 191, 103954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2019.04.023
Sparrow, B., Liu, J., & Wegner, D. M. (2011). Google effects on memory : Cognitive consequences of having information at our fingertips. Science, 333(6043), 776‑778. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1207745
2020-09-15
2023-09-04
déchargement cognitif
"The use of physical action to alter the information processing requirements of a task so as to reduce cognitive demand" (Risko & Gilbert, 2016).
« Utilisation d'une action physique pour modifier les exigences de traitement de l'information d'une tâche afin de réduire la sollicitation cognitive » (Risko & Gilbert, 2016).
An example of cognitive offloading in memory is the use of an external storage system to offload the to-be-remembered information.
Un exemple de délestage cognitif en mémoire est l’utilisation d'un système de stockage externe pour délester les informations dont il faut se souvenir.
cognitive offloading
délestage cognitif

Abel, M. (2021, June 8). List-method directed forgetting: Do critical findings generalize from short to long retention interval? https://osf.io/c4ap5
Frank Arnould
Corenblum, B., & Goernert, P. N. (in press). Directed forgetting of emotionally toned items and mental health: A meta-analytic review. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2185930
Delaney, P. F., Barden, E. P., Smith, W. G., & Wisco, B. E. (2020). What can directed forgetting tell us about clinical populations? Clinical Psychology Review, 82, 101926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101926
Epstein, W. (1972). Mechanisms of directed forgetting. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 6, pp. 147–191). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60386-2
MacLeod, C. M. (1998). Directed forgetting. In J. M. Golding, C. M. MacLeod, J. M. (Ed) Golding, & C. M. (Ed.), Intentional forgetting: Interdisciplinary approaches. (p. 1-57). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Macleod, C. M. (1999). The item and list methods of directed forgetting : Test differences and the role of demand characteristics. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 6(1), 123‑129. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210819
Titz, C., & Verhaeghen, P. (2010). Aging and directed forgetting in episodic memory : A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 25(2), 405‑411. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017225
2017-12-04
2023-04-12
Psychologie
Psychology
Age: larger directed forgetting in young adults compared to older adults (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Nombre d'items : oubli dirigé plus important avec des listes d'items courtes (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Number of items: larger directed forgetting with short lists (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Presentation time: larger directed forgetting with longer presentation time per item (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Rehearsal time: larger directed forgetting with longer rehearsal times (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Temps de présentation : oubli dirigé plus important quand le temps de présentation des items est long (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Temps de répétition : oubli dirigé plus important quand les temps de répétition sont longs (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Type d'items : oubli dirigé plus important pour des mots uniques que pour des expressions verbales d'action (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Type de méthode : oubli dirigé plus important en méthode item qu'en méthode liste (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Type de test : pas d'effet d'oubli dirigé en méthode liste dans un test de reconnaissance, seulement dans un test de rappel libre. L'effet est présent aussi bien en reconnaissance qu'en rappel libre en méthode item (MacLeod, 1999).
Type of items: larger directed forgetting for single words compared to verbal action phrases (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Type of method: larger directed forgetting with item method compared to list method (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Type of test: no directed forgetting with the list method in a recognition test, only in a free recall test. The effect is present in both recognition and free recall with the item method (MacLeod, 1999).
Âge : oubli dirigé plus important chez les adultes jeunes que chez les adultes âgés (Titz & Verhaeghen, 2010).
Homme
Human
Forme d’oubli motivé se manifestant par une moins bonne mémoire pour les items que les sujets ont précédemment été invités à oublier (comparativement à une consigne où il leur a été demandé de s'en souvenir).
Type of motivated forgetting characterized by a poorer memory of items that subjects have previously been asked to forget (compared to the instruction to remember).

directed-forgetting
directed forgetting
oubli dirigé

Frank Arnould
Bjork, E. L., & Bjork, R. (2011). Making things hard on yourself, but in a good way: Creating desirable difficulties to enhance learning. In M. A. Gernsbacher, R. . Pew, L. M. Hough, & J. R. Pomerantz (Eds.), Psychology and the real world: Essays illustrating fundamentals contributions to society (p. 56-64). Worth Publishers.
Bjork, R. A. (1994). Memory and metamemory considerations in the training of human beings. In J. Metcalfe & A. P. Shimamura (Eds.), Metacognition: Knowing about Knowing (p. 185-205). MIT Press.
Bjork, R. A., & Bjork, E. L. (2020). Desirable difficulties in theory and practice. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 9(4), 475–479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2020.09.003
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
In certain conditions, making the encoding of information more difficult (e.g. spacing the repetition of items) promotes long-term retention.
Principe selon lequel certaines conditions rendant l'encodage des informations plus difficile (par exemple, espacer les répétitions d'items) favorisent la rétention à long terme.

desirable difficulties
desirable difficulty
difficulté désirable
difficultés désirables
principe des difficultés désirables
principle of desirable difficulties

Frank Arnould
Chen, O., Paas, F., & Sweller, J. (2021). Spacing and interleaving effects require distinct theoretical bases: A systematic review testing the cognitive load and discriminative-contrast hypotheses. Educational Psychology Review, 33(4), 1499–1522. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09613-w
Kurtz, K. H., & Hovland, C. I. (1956). Concept learning with differing sequences of instances. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 51(4), 239–243. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040295
Taylor, K., & Rohrer, D. (2010). The effects of interleaved practice. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(6), 837–848. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1598
Yan, V. X., & Sana, F. (2021). The robustness of the interleaving benefit. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 10(4), 589–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2021.05.002
2021-09-14
2023-09-04
interleaving
Learning strategy consisting of alternating tasks or concepts to be acquired.
Stratégie d’apprentissage consistant à alterner les tâches ou concepts à acquérir.
apprentissages intercalés
apprentissage intercalé
interleaving learning

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Aschermann, E., Mantwill, M., & Köhnken, G. (1991). An independent replication of the effectiveness of the cognitive interview. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 5(6), 489‑495. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350050604 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed]
Ashkenazi, T., & Fisher, R. P. (2022). Field test of the cognitive interview to enhance eyewitness and victim memory, in intelligence investigations of terrorist attacks. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(2), 200–208. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0101871 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Brunel, M., & Py, J. (2013). Questioning the acceptability of the Cognitive Interview to improve its use. L’Année Psychologique, 113(3), 427‑458. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503313003059 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Brunel, M., Launay, C., Hermant, M., & Py, J. (2022). Perception of acceptability and usability of a modified cognitive interview in the evaluation of police training in France. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 37(1), 38–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-020-09416-9 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Geiselman, R. E., Fisher, R. P., Firstenberg, I., Hutton, L. A., Sullivan, S. J., Avetissan, I. V., & Prosk, A. L. (1984). Enhancement of eyewitness memory : An empirical evaluation of the cognitive interview. Journal of Police Science and Administration, 12(1), 74‑80. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Ginet, M. (2003). Les clés de l’entretien avec le témoin ou la victime. La Documentation Française. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Ginet, M., Brunel, M., Verkampt, F., Désert, M., Colomb, C., & Jund, R. (2014). L’Entretien Cognitif reste-t-il efficace pour aider de très jeunes enfants issus de milieux défavorisés à témoigner d’un événement visuel ? L'Année Psychologique, 114(2), 289–313. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy.142.0289 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Ginet, M., Dodier, O., Bardin, B., Désert, M., Greffeuille, C., & Verkampt, F. (2018). Perspective effects on recall in a testimony paradigm. Journal of General Psychology, 145(4), 313–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2018.1494126 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Hurtubise, M.-A., & Viau-Quesnel, C. (2020). Améliorer le rappel des individus âgés de 60 ans et plus à l’aide de l’entretien cognitif: Une revue et méta-analyse. Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement, 39(3), 348–364. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980819000424 [Document type: literature review, meta-analysis / Access: open]
Memon, A., Meissner, C. A., & Fraser, J. (2010). The Cognitive Interview : A meta-analytic review and study space analysis of the past 25 years. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 16(4), 340‑372. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020518 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Paulo, R. M., Albuquerque, P. B., & Bull, R. (2016). The enhanced cognitive interview: Expressions of uncertainty, motivation and its relation with report accuracy. Psychology, Crime & Law, 22(4), 366–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2015.1109089 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Py, J., Ginet, M., Desperies, C., & Cathey, C. (1997). Cognitive encoding and cognitive interviewing in eyewitness testimony. Swiss Journal of Psychology/Schweizerische Zeitschrift Für Psychologie/Revue Suisse de Psychologie, 56, 33–41. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Py, J., & Demarchi, S. (2006). L’entretien cognitif : Son efficacité, son application et ses spécificités. Revue Québecoise de Psychologie, 27(3), 177‑196. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Verkampt, F., & Ginet, M. (2010). Variations of the cognitive interview: Which one is the most effective in enhancing children’s testimonies? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(9), 1279–1296. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1631 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Verkampt, F., Ginet, M., & Colomb, C. (2014). The influence of social instructions on the effectiveness of a cognitive interview used with very young child witnesses. European Review of Applied Psychology, 64(6), 323–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2014.09.003 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
van Can, S., Dodier, O., Otgaar, H., & Verkampt, F. (2016). The benefits of multiple recollection strategies on adolescents’ testimonies: Quality versus within-statement consistency? Journal of Forensic Practice, 18(2), 118–130. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFP-01-2015-0007 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-07-25
Enhanced Cognitive Interview
cognitive interviewing
Interview protocol to collect the testimony of cooperative eyewitnesses and victims based on the use of mnemonic aids and social communication techniques.
Protocole d'entretien pour recueillir la parole de témoins oculaires et de victimes coopératifs reposant sur l’utilisation d’aides mnémotechniques et de techniques de communication sociale.
La première version de l’Entretien Cognitif, publiée au milieu des années 1980, propose à la personne interrogée d’utiliser quatre aides mnésiques pour améliorer son rappel libre du crime : 1) le rappel exhaustif des faits, même de ceux qui peuvent lui paraître sans importance ; 2) la restauration mentale du contexte physique et émotionnel du crime ; 3) le changement d’ordre des faits, consistant pour la personne à tenter de se souvenir des faits en commençant par la fin de l’évènement et à remonter ensuite dans le temps ; 4) le changement de perspective, la personne devant se souvenir des faits en utilisant une perspective différente de la sienne, par exemple, en prenant celle d’un autre témoin présent sur les lieux. Ces aides ont été choisies à partir d’arguments scientifiques sur le fonctionnement de la mémoire (principe de l’encodage spécifique de [Tulving et Thomson, 1973] et accès multiple aux traces mnésiques [Bower, 1967]). Dans les années 1990, une nouvelle version de l’Entretien cognitif ajoute des techniques de communication sociale. Plusieurs équipes de recherche testent également des versions modifiées de la technique afin de l’adapter à des populations particulières (les enfants, par exemple), pour en construire des versions plus courtes en supprimant les aides les moins intéressantes (changement d’ordre et changement de perspective), ou encore en intégrant de nouvelles consignes de rappel ou en modifiant certaines consignes habituelles (par exemple, le remplacement de la restauration mentale du contexte par le dessin de la scène de crime).
The first version of the Cognitive Interview, published in the mid-1980s, asked the person being interviewed to use four memory aids to improve their free recall of the crime: 1) exhaustive recall of the facts, even those that may seem unimportant; 2) mental reinstatement of the physical and emotional context of the crime; 3) change of order of the facts, consisting of the person trying to remember the facts starting with the end of the event and then going back in time; 4) change of perspective, with the person having to remember the facts using a perspective different from his or her own, for example, by taking that of another witness present at the scene. These aids were chosen on the basis of scientific arguments about the functioning of memory (Tulving and Thomson's principle of specific encoding [1973] and Bower's multiple access to memory traces [1967]). The first version of the Cognitive Interview, published in the mid-1980s, asked the person being interviewed to use four memory aids to improve their free recall of the crime: 1) exhaustive recall of the facts, even those that may seem unimportant; 2) mental reinstatement of the physical and emotional context of the crime; 3) change of order of the facts, consisting of the person trying to remember the facts starting with the end of the event and then going back in time; 4) change of perspective, with the person having to remember the facts using a perspective different from his or her own, for example, by taking that of another witness present at the scene. These aids were chosen on the basis of scientific arguments about the functioning of memory (Tulving and Thomson's principle of specific encoding [1973] and Bower's multiple access to memory traces [1967]). In the 1990s, a new version of the Cognitive Interview added social communication techniques. Several research teams are also testing modified versions of the protocol in order to adapt it to particular populations (e.g. children), to construct shorter versions by removing the least interesting aids (change of order and change of perspective), or by integrating new recall instructions or modifying some of the usual instructions (e.g. replacing the mental reinstatement of context by the drawing of the crime scene)..

cognitive interviews
entretiens cognitifs
cognitive interview
entretien cognitif

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Crombag, H. F. M., Wagenaar, W. A., & Van Koppen, P. J. (1996). Crashing memories and the problem of “source monitoring.” Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10(2), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199604)10:2%3C95::AID-ACP366%3E3.0.CO;2-%23 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Patihis, L., & Loftus, E. F. (2016). Crashing memory 2.0: False memories in adults for an upsetting childhood event. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 30(1), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3165 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Rassin, E. (2022). Suggested false memories of a non-existent film : Forensically relevant individual differences in the crashing memories paradigm. Memory, 30(9), 1205‑1211. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2085750 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-09-05
crashing memories task
non-existent news-footage paradigm
paradigme des images inexistantes de nouvelles
An experimental paradigm in which participants are told that a video recording exists of the moment when a disaster (such as a plane crash) or another public event (such as the assassination of a politician) occurred. The participants can then recall seeing these images when, in fact, they do not exist.
Paradigme expérimental dans lequel on insinue qu’il existe un enregistrement vidéo du moment où s’est produit une catastrophe (comme le crash d’un avion) ou tout autre fait public (comme l’assassinat d’un homme politique). Les participants peuvent ensuite se souvenir d’avoir vu ces images alors que, dans les faits, elles n’existent pas.
crashing memories paradigm
paradigme des crashing memories

Frank Arnould
Bernstein, D. M., & Loftus, E. F. (2009). The consequences of false memories for food preferences and choices. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(2), 135–139. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01113.x
2018-11-05
2023-03-23
false feedback method
méthode du faux retour
paradigme du faux retour
Method to study the influence of false memories on judgments and behavior. For example, participants are first led to falsely believe that as children they became ill after eating a certain type of food. This suggested belief may then lead them to judge their preference for the food in question more negatively, reduce their willingness to eat and actually consume it.
Méthode permettant d'étudier l'influence des faux souvenirs sur les jugements et le comportement. Par exemple, les participants sont d'abord amenés à croire faussement qu'enfant, ils sont tombés malades en mangeant un certain type de nourriture. Cette conviction suggérée peut ensuite les conduire à juger plus négativement leur préférence pour la nourriture en question, réduire leur volonté d'en manger et même d'en consommer réellement.
false feedback paradigm
paradigme de la rétroaction erronée

Frank Arnould
Principe, G. F., Tinguely, A., & Dobkowski, N. (2007). Mixing memories: The effects of rumors that conflict with children’s experiences. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 98(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2007.04.002
2018-10-22
2022-03-16
Method used to study the formation of false memories by spreading a false rumor about an event. The crucial element is to analyse to what extent this rumor integrates the memories of the event in question.
Méthode utilisée pour étudier la formation de faux souvenirs en diffusant une fausse rumeur à propos d’un évènement. L’élément crucial consiste à analyser dans quelle mesure cette rumeur intègre les souvenirs de l’évènement en question.
paradigme de diffusion d’une rumeur ​
rumor mongering ​paradigm

Calado, B., Otgaar, H., & Muris, P. (2018, September 27). Are children better witnesses than adolescents? Developmental trends in different false memory paradigms. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6EMH2
Mori, K., Ito, H., Lindsay, D. S., & Luna, K. (2019, March 19). International Project for Assessing the Average Ratios of Conformity Frequencies among Co-witness Pairs by Utilizing the Standardized MORI Experimental Procedure. https://osf.io/j5f82
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Gabbert, F., & Hope, L. (2013). Suggestibility and memory conformity. In A. M. Ridley, F. Gabbert, & D. J. La Rooy (Eds.), Suggestibility in legal contexts: Psychological research and forensic implications (pp. 63–83). Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Garry, M., French, L., Kinzett, T., & Mori, K. (2008). Eyewitness memory following discussion : Using the MORI technique with a Western sample. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 22(4), 431‑439. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1376 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Ito, H., Barzykowski, K., Grzesik, M., Gülgöz, S., Gürdere, C., Janssen, S. M. J., Khor, J., Rowthorn, H., Wade, K. A., Luna, K., Albuquerque, P. B., Kumar, D., Singh, A. D., Cecconello, W. W., Cadavid, S., Laird, N. C., Baldassari, M. J., Lindsay, D. S., & Mori, K. (2019). Eyewitness memory distortion following co-witness discussion : A replication of Garry, French, Kinzett, and Mori (2008) in ten countries. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(1), 68‑77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2018.09.004 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed]
Maswood, R., & Rajaram, S. (2019). Social transmission of false memory in small groups and large networks. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(4), 687–709. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12348 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
Wright, D. B., Self, G., & Justice, C. (2000). Memory conformity: Exploring misinformation effects when presented by another person. British Journal of Psychology, 91(2), 189‑202. https://doi.org/10.1348/000712600161781 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
co-witness suggestibility effect
conformité des souvenirs
contagion sociale d'un souvenir
social contagion of memory
A phenomenon observed when “people sometimes 'conform' to another person’s version of events when discussing their recollections together, such that their subsequent individual memory reports converge and become similar.” (Gabbert & Hope, 2013, p. 64).
Phénomène observé lorsque « des personnes se “conforment” parfois à la version des événements d'une autre personne lorsqu'elles discutent ensemble de leurs souvenirs, de sorte que leurs récits individuels de mémoire ultérieurs convergent et deviennent similaires. » (Gabbert & Hope, 2013, p. 64).
Le conformisme du souvenir est un cas particulier de l’effet d’une information présentée après un évènement sur la mémoire de cet évènement. Ici, l’information post-événementielle est un souvenir présenté par une autre personne qui a assisté au même évènement. Une telle information peut modifier le souvenir initial d’un individu après discussion.
Memory conformity is a special case of the effect of post-event information on the memory of that event. Here, the post-event information is a memory presented by another person who attended the same event. Such information has the potential to modify an individual’s initial memory after discussion.

conformisme du souvenir
conformisme des souvenirs
memory conformity

2023-06-23
Frank Arnould
Kękuś, M., Chylińska, K., Szpitalak, M., Polczyk, R., Ito, H., Mori, K., & Barzykowski, K. (2023). Reinforced self-affirmation as a method for reducing eyewitness memory conformity: An experimental examination using a modified MORI technique. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 37(3), 660–674. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4065 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Szpitalak, M. (in press). Reinforced self-affirmation as a method of reducing the misinformation effect: Towards ecological validity. Psychology, Crime & Law. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2022.2093872 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Szpitalak, M., & Polczyk, R. (2013). Promoting eyewitness testimony quality: Warning vs. reinforced self-affi rmation as methods of reduction of the misinformation effect. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 1(44), 85–91. [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Szpitalak, M., & Polczyk, R. (2016). Reinforced self-affirmation and interrogative suggestibility. Psychiatry, Psychology & Law, 23(4), 512–520. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2015.1081088 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Szpitalak, M., & Polczyk, R. (2019). Inducing resistance to the misinformation effect by means of reinforced self-affirmation: The importance of positive feedback. PLOS ONE, 14(1), e0210987. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210987 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Szpitalak, M., & Polczyk, R. (2021). Mediators and Moderators of Reinforced Self-Affirmation as a Method for Reducing the Memory Misinformation Effect. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 5290. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.666707 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-08-23
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
RSA
A method of increasing subjects’ confidence in their memories, which is intended to reduce their susceptibility to suggestions and thus reduce the effect of various forms of memory distortion. The procedure is based on two techniques: self-affirmation (the subject is asked to write down his or her highest life achievements) and positive feedback in a memory task.
Méthode pour renforcer la confiance des sujets dans leurs souvenirs, supposée diminuer leur susceptibilité aux suggestions et ainsi réduire l’effet de différentes formes de distorsions mnésiques. Elle repose sur deux techniques : l’affirmation de soi (le sujet est invité à écrire ses plus grandes réussites personnelles) et des retours positifs dans une tâche de mémoire.
Des études ont montré que la procédure d’affirmation de soi renforcée est efficace pour réduire l’effet de désinformation (par exemple, Szpitalak, 2022 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2013 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2019 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2021), la suggestibilité à l’interrogation (Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2016), mais pas l’effet de conformisme des souvenirs (Kękuś et al., 2023).
Studies showed that the reinforced self-affirmation procedure is efficient to reduce the misinformation effect (e.g., Szpitalak, 2022 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2013 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2019 ; Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2021) and interrogative suggestibility (Szpitalak & Polczyk, 2016), but not the memory conformity effect (Kękuś et al., 2023).
procédure d'affirmation de soi renforcée
reinforced self-affirmation procedure

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Binet, A. (1857-1911) A. du texte. (1900). La suggestibilité. Schleicher Frères. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k77176m [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Flowe, H. D., & Schreiber Compo, N. (2021). The lack of robust evidence for the effects of alcohol on false memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 127, 332–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.029 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Griego, A. W., Datzman, J. N., Estrada, S. M., & Middlebrook, S. S. (2019). Suggestibility and false memories in relation to intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder: A meta‐analytic review. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 63(12), 1464–1474. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12668 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
Klemfuss, J. Z., & Olaguez, A. P. (2020). Individual differences in children’s suggestibility: An updated review. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 29(2), 158–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2018.1508108 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Kloft, L., Monds, L. A., Blokland, A., Ramaekers, J. G., & Otgaar, H. (2021). Hazy memories in the courtroom: A review of alcohol and other drug effects on false memory and suggestibility. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 124, 291–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.012 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
McCurdy, M. P., & Leshikar, E. D. (2022). Contextual framework of the generation effect. The American Journal of Psychology, 135(3), 251–270. https://doi.org/10.5406/19398298.135.3.01 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Payoux, M., & Verrier, N. (2017). La ou les suggestibilité(s) ? L’Année Psychologique, 117(02), 251–270. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503317000513 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Ridley, A. M., Gabbert, F., & La Rooy, D. J. (Eds.). (2013). Suggestibility in legal contexts: Psychological Research and Forensic Implications. Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Rindal, E. J., Chrobak, Q. M., Zaragoza, M. S., & Weihing, C. A. (2017). Mechanisms of eyewitness suggestibility: Tests of the explanatory role hypothesis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(5), 1413–1425. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1201-8 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Schacter, D. L. (2003). Science de la mémoire. Oublier et se souvenir. Odile Jacob. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : How the mind forgets and remembers (2nd ed.). Houghton Miﬄin. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Memory suggestibility appears when the subject integrates erroneous information from external sources in its memory (Schacter, 2001).
On parle de suggestibilité de la mémoire lorsque le sujet intègre dans ses souvenirs des éléments erronés provenant de sources externes (Schacter, 2003).

suggestibility
suggestibilité

Frank Arnould
Heyman, T., Bruninx, A., Hutchison, K. A., & Storms, G. (2018). The (un)reliability of item-level semantic priming effects. Behavior Research Methods, 50(6), 2173–2183. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-1040-9
Hutchison, K. A. (2003). Is semantic priming due to association strength or feature overlap? A microanalytic review. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 10(4), 785‑813. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196544
McNamara, T. P. (2005). Semantic priming: Perspectives from memory and word recognition. Psychology Press.
McNamara, T. P. (2013). Semantic memory and priming. In A. F. Healy, R. W. Proctor, & I. B. Weiner (Eds.), Handbook of psychology, Vol. 4: Experimental psychology (2nd ed.). (pp. 449–471). John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Meyer, D. E., & Schvaneveldt, R. W. (1971). Facilitation in recognizing pairs of words: Evidence of a dependence between retrieval operations. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 90(2), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031564
2017-12-04
2022-04-22
amorçage conceptuel
amorçage sémantique
conceptual priming
semantic priming
Type d’amorçage durant lequel le traitement d’un stimulus est facilité par le traitement antérieur d’un stimulus sémantiquement lié.
Type of priming during which the processing of a word is facilitated by the prior processing of a semantically-related word.

amorçages conceptuels
amorçages sémantiques
effets d'amorçage sémantique
semantic priming effects
effet d'amorçage sémantique
semantic priming effect

Frank Arnould
Hainselin, M., Quinette, P., & Eustache, F. (2013). Qu’est-ce que la mémoire de l’action ? Revue théorique et perspectives. Revue de neuropsychologie, neurosciences cognitives et cliniques, 5(2), 129–134. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.052.0129
2017-12-04
2022-03-29
souvenir d'action
Memory for actions, especially for those described in sentences.
Mémoire pour les actions, en particulier pour celles décrites dans des phrases.
mémoire des actions
souvenirs d'actions
action memory
mémoire de l'action

Frank Arnould
Eich, E. (1995). Searching for mood dependent memory. Psychological Science, 6(2), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00309.x
Eich, E., Macaulay, D., & Ryan, L. (1994). Mood dependent memory for events of the personal past. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 123(2), 201‑215. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-3445.123.2.201
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
Better recall of memories that were encoded in the same emotional context (positive, negative or neutral) as that present at the time of retrieval.
Meilleur rappel de souvenirs qui ont été encodés dans le même contexte émotionnel (positif, négatif ou neutre) que celui présent au moment de la récupération.

mood-dependent memory
mémoire dépendante de l'humeur

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
context memory
mémoire du contexte
General notion referring to the memory of any information surrounding the target stimulus to be memorized or retrieved.
Notion générale pour désigner la mémoire de toute information environnant le stimulus cible à mémoriser ou à récupérer.

contextual memories
contextual memory
mémoire contextuelle

Frank Arnould
Fisher, J. S., & Radvansky, G. A. (2019). Linear forgetting. Journal of Memory and Language, 108, 104035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2019.104035
Fisher, J. S., & Radvansky, G. A. (2021). Degree of learning and linear forgetting. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17470218211056464. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218211056464
Radvansky, G. A., Doolen, A. C., Pettijohn, K. A., & Ritchey, M. (2022). A new look at memory retention and forgetting. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(11), 1698–1723. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001110 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2022-06-01
2023-09-04
RAFT model
modèle RAFT
A computational model simulating linear forgetting.
Modèle computationnel simulant l'oubli linéaire.
modèle de la précision de la récupération à partir de traces fragmentées
retrieval accuracy from fragmented traces model

Broadbent, D. E., Cooper, P. F., FitzGerald, P., & Parkes, K. R. (1982). The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 21(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01421.x
Goodman, Z. T., Timpano, K. R., Llabre, M. M., & Bainter, S. A. (20220404). Revisiting the factor structure and construct validity of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire. Psychological Assessment, 34(7), 671. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0001127
2022-07-25
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
CFQ
CFQ
Questionnaire d’autoévalution des difficultés cognitives subjectives rencontrées dans la vie quotidienne.
Self-report questionnaire to assess subjective cognitive difficulties in daily life.
Cognitive failures questionnaire
Questionnaire de défaillances cognitives

Frank Arnould
Guerdoux, E., Martin, S., Alexandre, J., Brouillet, D., & Trouillet, R. (2019). Validity of the French Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ) in healthy controls and in patients with no cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 41(9), 888–904. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2019.1625870
Smith, G., Del Sala, S., Logie, R. H., & Maylor, E. A. (2000). Prospective and retrospective memory in normal ageing and dementia: A questionnaire study. Memory, 8(5), 311–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210050117735
2020-06-05
2023-09-04
PRMQ
PRMQ
Questionnaire asking respondents to rate the frequency with which they encounter different types of prospective and retrospective memory difficulties in their daily lives.
Questionnaire demandant aux personnes d’évaluer la fréquence avec laquelle elles rencontrent différents types de difficultés de mémoire prospective et de mémoire rétrospective dans leur vie quotidienne.
Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire
Questionnaire de mémoire prospective et rétrospective

Abel, M. (2021, June 8). List-method directed forgetting: Do critical findings generalize from short to long retention interval? https://osf.io/c4ap5
Frank Arnould
Abel, M., Kuchler, B., Meier, E., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2021). List-method directed forgetting: Do critical findings generalize from short to long retention intervals? Memory & Cognition, 49(8), 1677–1689. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01192-z
Bjork, R. A., LaBerge, D., & Legrand, R. (1968). The modification of short-term memory through instructions to forget. Psychonomic Science, 10(2), 55–56. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03331404
Sahakyan, L., & Foster, N. L. (2009). Intentional forgetting of actions: Comparison of list-method and item-method directed forgetting. Journal of Memory and Language, 61(1), 134–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2009.02.006
Sahakyan, L., Delaney, P. F., Foster, N. L., & Abushanab, B. (2013). List-method directed forgetting in cognitive and clinical research: A theoretical and methodological review. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 59, p. 131–189). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-407187-2.00004-6
2019-06-03
2023-03-23
list-method directed forgetting procedure
procédure d'oubli dirigé en méthode liste
A method for the study of directed forgetting. "In this task, subjects study two lists of items. Critically, after study of the first list, subjects are cued to remember the list for a later test or to forget the list, pretending that it is no longer relevant and can be forgotten. After study of the second list, memory for both lists is tested, irrespective of original cuing." (Abel et al., 2021, p. 1677).
Une méthode pour l'étude de l'oubli dirigé. « Dans cette tâche, les sujets étudient deux listes d'items. Après l'étude de la première liste, les sujets sont invités à se souvenir de la liste pour un test ultérieur ou à l'oublier, en prétendant qu'elle n'est plus pertinente et qu'elle peut être oubliée. Après l'étude de la deuxième liste, la mémoire des deux listes est testée, sans tenir compte de la consigne initiale. » (Abel et al., 2021, p. 1677).
list-method directed-forgetting paradigm
list-method directed forgetting paradigm
paradigme d'oubli dirigé en méthode liste

Frank Arnould
Shaikh, K. T., Tatham, E. L., Rich, J. B., & Troyer, A. K. (2021). Examining the factor structure of the multifactorial memory questionnaire. Memory, 0(0), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1874995
Troyer, A. K., & Rich, J. B. (2002). Psychometric properties of a new metamemory questionnaire for older adults. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 57(1), P19–P27. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/57.1.P19
Troyer, A. K., Leach, L., Vandermorris, S., & Rich, J. B. (2019). The measurement of participant-reported memory across diverse populations and settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire. Memory, 27(7), 931–942. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1608255
2020-06-08
2023-05-31
MMQ
Metamemory questionnaire in which subjects assess their level of satisfaction with their memory, their memory skills (frequency of forgetting and memory difficulties) and their frequency of using different mnemonic strategies in daily life.
Questionnaire de métamémoire dans lequel les sujets évaluent leur niveau de satisfaction avec leur mémoire, leurs aptitudes mnésiques (fréquence d’oubli et de difficultés de mémoire) et leur fréquence d’utilisation de différentes stratégies mnémoniques dans la vie quotidienne.
MMQ
Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire
Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire
Questionnaire multifactoriel de mémoire

Frank Arnould
2020-09-28
Noreen, S., & MacLeod, M. D. (2013). It’s all in the detail : Intentional forgetting of autobiographical memories using the autobiographical think/no-think task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(2), 375‑393. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028888 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
Variation de la tâche penser/Ne pas penser portant sur des souvenirs autobiographiques. Les sujets doivent d'abord générer des souvenirs positifs et négatifs à partir de mots indices. Puis ils sont invités à penser à une partie de ces souvenirs et à ne pas penser aux autres souvenirs.
Variation of the Think/No-Think task involving autobiographical memories. Subjects are first asked to generate positive and negative memories from word cues. They are then asked to think about some of these memories and not to think about the others.
autobiographical think/no-think task
tâche penser/ne pas penser autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Hotta, C., & Kawaguchi, J. (2009). Self-initiated use of thought substitution can lead to long term forgetting, 52(1), 41–49. https://doi.org/10.2117/psysoc.2009.41
2019-06-03
2023-03-29
A method used in the Think/No-Think paradigm. Subjects have to attempt to avoid retrieving unwanted memories in the presence of a cue by substituting a distracting thought.
Méthode utilisée dans le paradigme Penser/Ne pas penser. Les sujets doivent éviter de récupérer des souvenirs indésirables en présence d'un indice en leur subsituant une pensée distractrice.
méthode de substitution de pensée
thought substitution method

Frank Arnould
Muther, W. S. (1965). Erasure or partitioning in short-term memory. Psychonomic Science, 3(1–12), 429–430. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03343215
2019-06-03
2023-03-14
item-method directed forgetting procedure
procédure d'oubli dirigé en méthode item
Method of studying directed forgetting. The experimenter presents a series of items to the subject, one by one. After each item, the subject is instructed to either remember or forget it. Memory for all items is then tested.
Méthode d'étude de l'oubli dirigé. L'expérimentateur présente une série d'items au sujet, un par un. Après chaque item, le sujet est prévenu qu'il devra soit s'en souvenir, soit l'oublier. La mémoire de l'ensemble des items est ensuite testée.
item-method directed-forgetting procedure
item-method directed forgetting paradigm
paradigme d'oubli dirigé en méthode item

Frank Arnould
Delaney, P. F., Nghiem, K. N., & Waldum, E. R. (2009). The selective directed forgetting effect: Can people forget only part of a text?: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210902770049
2020-06-02
2023-03-14
procédure d'oubli dirigé sélectif
selective directed forgetting procedure
Variante du paradigme d’oubli dirigé en méthode liste. Les participants doivent oublier une partie des éléments d’une liste qu’ils viennent de mémoriser.
Variation of the list-method directed forgetting paradigm. Participants have to forget some of the elements of a list they have just memorized.
selective directed-forgetting paradigm
paradigme d'oubli dirigé sélectif
selective directed forgetting paradigm

Frank Arnould
Royle, J., & Lincoln, N. (2008). The Everyday Memory Questionnaire - Revised: Development of a 13-item scale. Disability and Rehabilitation, 30, 114–121. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638280701223876
Sunderland, A., Harris, J. E., & Baddeley, A. D. (1983). Do laboratory tests predict everyday memory? A neuropsychological study. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22(3), 341–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(83)90229-3
Sunderland, A., Harris, J. E., & Gleave, J. (1984). Memory failures in everyday life following severe head injury. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 6(2), 127–142. https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401204
2020-06-05
2023-06-11
EMQ
EMQ
Questionnaire asking people to rate the frequency with which they experience memory difficulties in their daily lives.
Questionnaire demandant aux personnes d’évaluer la fréquence avec laquelle elles rencontrent des difficultés de la mémoire dans leur vie quotidienne.
Everyday Memory Questionnaire
Questionnaire de mémoire quotidienne

Frank Arnould
Brown, J. (1958). Some tests of the decay theory of immediate memory. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 10(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470215808416249
Peterson, L., & Peterson, M. J. (1959). Short-term retention of individual verbal items. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58(3), 193–198. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0049234
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Experimental technique for the study of forgetting in short-term memory which is also used as a measure of the central executive of working memory (Brown, 1958; Peterson & Peterson, 1959). The task consists of presenting subjects with sequences of three consonants. After the presentation of each series, the subject has to perform either an immediate recall of the consonants, or a counting backwards task starting from a three-digit number. The duration of this counting task varies from 3 to 18 seconds. Immediate recall gives an excellent memory of each series of three consonants. However, the counting task disrupts memory. After a 3-second interval occupied by this task, 80% of the items are recalled, and less than 10% after a 18-second interval.
Technique expérimentale permettant d'étudier l'oubli en mémoire à court terme et également utilisée comme mesure de l'administrateur central de la mémoire de travail (Brown, 1958 ; Peterson & Peterson, 1959). La tâche consiste à présenter aux sujets des suites de trois consonnes. Après la présentation de chaque suite, le sujet est amené soit à effectuer un rappel immédiat des consonnes, soit à réaliser une tâche de comptage à rebours à partir d’un nombre de trois chiffres, de 3 en 3. La durée de cette tâche de comptage varie de 3 à 18 secondes. Le rappel immédiat suscite un excellent rappel de chaque série de 3 consonnes. En revanche, la tâche de comptage à rebours perturbe la mémoire. Après un intervalle de 3 secondes occupé par cette tâche, 80 % des items sont rappelés, et 10 % après un intervalle de 18 secondes.

Brown-Peterson task
tâche de Brown-Peterson

Frank Arnould
Posner, M. I., & Konick, A. F. (1966). On the role of interference in short-term retention. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72(2), 221. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023458
2017-12-04
2022-03-13
acid bath model
acid bath principle
modèle du bain d'acide
principe du bain d'acide
According to this theory, forgetting a memory trace in short-term memory occurs during the storage phase of the information, and more specifically, during the retention interval. Forgetting is a function of the number of stored items (by analogy, the amount of acid) and their similarity (by analogy, the acid concentration).
Théorie selon laquelle l'oubli d'une trace mnésique en mémoire à court terme intervient pendant la phase de stockage de l'information, c'est-à-dire, pendant l'intervalle de rétention. L'oubli d'une trace serait fonction du nombre d'items stockés (par analogie, la quantité d'acide) et de leur similarité (par analogie, la concentration d'acide).
acid bath theory
théorie du bain d'acide

Frank Arnould
Hulbert, J. C., Henson, R. N., & Anderson, M. C. (2016). Inducing amnesia through systemic suppression. Nature Communications, 7(1), 11003. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11003
2020-09-18
Anderson, M. C., & Hulbert, J. C. (2021). Active forgetting : Adaptation of memory by prefrontal control. Annual Review of Psychology, 72(1), annurev-psych-072720-094140. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-072720-094140 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-09-04
"impaired recall or source recognition of events occurring before or after direct retrieval suppression, arising from disrupted hippocampal function" (Anderson & Hulbert, 2021).
« détérioration du rappel ou de la reconnaissance de la source des événements survenus avant ou après la suppression directe de la récupération d'un souvenir, résultant d'une perturbation du fonctionnement de l'hippocampe » (Anderson & Hilbert, 2021).
amnesic shadow
ombre amnésique

Frank Arnould
Anderson, M., C. (2020). Incidental forgetting. In A. Baddeley, M. W. Eysenck, & M. C. Anderson (Eds.), Memory (pp. 277–313). Psychology Press.
2017-12-04
2022-05-14
Inability to remember information without intent to forget.
Incapacité à se souvenir d'informations sans qu'il y ait eu intention de les oublier.
oublis incidents
incidental forgetting
oubli incident

Frank Arnould
Anderson, M. C. (2020). Motivated forgetting. In A. D. Baddeley, M. W. Eysenck, & M. C. Anderson (Eds.), Memory (pp. 315–349). Psychology Press.
2017-12-04
2022-05-14
intentional forgetting
oubli intentionnel
oubli volontaire
voluntary forgetting
Generic term for intentional or non-accidental forgetting with the subject not being necessarily conscious of it.
Terme générique utilisé pour désigner un oubli intentionnel ou un oubli non accidentel sans que le sujet en soit forcément conscient.

oublis intentionnels
oublis motivés
oublis volontaires
motivated forgetting
oubli motivé

Frank Arnould
Brown, G. D. A., Neath, I., & Chater, N. (2007). A temporal ratio model of memory. Psychological Review, 114(3), 539-576. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.3.539
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Hypothèse selon laquelle les traces mnésiques sont temporellement de moins en moins distinctes avec le temps et deviennent alors plus difficiles à récupérer.
The hypothesis that memory traces are temporally less distinctive with time and then become more difficult to retrieve.
distinctivité temporelle
temporal distinctiveness
hypothèse de la distinctivité temporelle
temporal distinctiveness hypothesis

Frank Arnould
Caramazza, A., & Mahon, B. Z. (2003). The organization of conceptual knowledge: the evidence from category-specific semantic deficits. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(8), 354-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00159-1
Chen, L., Lambon Ralph, M. A., & Rogers, T. T. (2017). A unified model of human semantic knowledge and its disorders. Nature Human Behaviour, 1(3), 0039. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-016-0039
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
category-specific deficit
category-specific semantic impairment
Détérioration des connaissances conceptuelles portant sur une catégorie sémantique spécifique (par exemple, celle des êtres vivants), alors que les connaissances conceptuelles sur les autres catégories sont préservées (par exemple, celles sur les objets inanimés ou manufacturés).
Impairment of conceptual knowledge about a specific semantic category (e.g., living things), while conceptual knowledge about other categories is preserved (e.g., inanimate objects).
category-specific deficits
category-specific semantic deficit
déficit sémantique spécifique à une catégorie

Frank Arnould
Barbeau, E., Didic, M., Felician, O., Tramoni, E., Guedj, E., Ceccaldi, M., & Poncet, M. (2006). Pure progressive amnesia: An atypical amnestic syndrome? Cognitive Neuropsychology, 23, 1230–1247. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643290600893594
Didic, M., & Tramoni, E. (2011). L’amnésie pure progressive: Un « modèle pathologique » privilégié pour l’étude des systèmes de mémoire ? Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 3(2), 120–126. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.032.0120
2020-06-19
2023-03-17
AmPP
A rare clinical form of Alzheimer's disease characterized by a focal deficit of memory over a prolonged period of time (Barbeau et al., 2006)
Forme clinique rare de la maladie d’Alzheimer, caractérisée par un déficit focal de la mémoire sur une période prolongée (Barbeau et al., 2006).
amnésie progressive pure
pure progressive amnesia

Frank Arnould
Cubelli, R., Beschin, N., & Della Sala, S. (2020). Retrograde amnesia: A selective deficit of explicit autobiographical memory. Cortex, 133, 400–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.10.003
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
A type of amnesia characterized by the difficulty or the inability to retrieve episodic memories from before the onset of the disease.
Type d’amnésie qui se caractérise par la difficulté ou l’impossibilité à récupérer des souvenirs épisodiques précédant le début de la maladie.

amnésies rétrogrades
retrograde amnesias
amnésie rétrograde
retrograde amnesia

Frank Arnould
Anderson, M. C., & Neely, J. H. (1996). Interference and inhibition in memory retrieval. In E. L. Bjork & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Memory (p. 237‑313). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012102570-0/50010-0
Keppel, G., & Underwood, B. J. (1962). Proactive inhibition in short-term retention of single items. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1(3), 153‑161. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(62)80023-1
Kliegl, O., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2021). Buildup and release from proactive interference – Cognitive and neural mechanisms. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 120, 264–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.028
Neath, I., & Surprenant, A. M. (2015). Proactive interference. In J. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (p. 1‑8). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.51054-X
Underwood, B. J. (1957). Interference and forgetting. Psychological Review, 64(1), 49-60. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0044616
2017-12-04
2023-03-31
inhibition proactive
proactive inhibition
Processus par lequel des souvenirs anciens perturbent la rétention de nouvelles informations.
The process by which older memories disrupts the retention of newer information.

inhibitions proactives
interférences proactives
interférence proactive
proactive interference

Frank Arnould
Anderson, M. C., & Neely, J. H. (1996). Interference and inhibition in memory retrieval. In E. L. Bjork & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Memory (p. 237‑313). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012102570-0/50010-0
Craig, M., Dewar, M., & Sala, S. D. (2015). Retroactive interference. In J. D. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition) (p. 613-620). Elsevier.
McGeoch, J. A. (1932). Forgetting and the law of disuse. Psychological Review, 39(4), 352–370. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0069819
2017-12-04
2023-04-03
inhibition rétroactive
retroactive inhibition
Processus par lequel l’apprentissage de nouvelles informations perturbent la rétention d’informations similaires apprises antérieurement.
The process by which the learning of new information disrupts the retention of similar information previously learned.

interférence rétroactive
retroactive interference

Frank Arnould
Conti, M., Teghil, A., Di Vita, A., & Boccia, M. (2023). Lifelong impairment in episodic re-experiencing: Neuropsychological and neuroimaging examination of a new case of Severely Deficient Autobiographical Memory. Cortex, 163, 80–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2023.03.004
Palombo, D. J., Alain, C., Söderlund, H., Khuu, W., & Levine, B. (2015). Severely deficient autobiographical memory (SDAM) in healthy adults: A new mnemonic syndrome. Neuropsychologia, 72, 105-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.04.012
2017-12-04
2023-04-20
SDAM
mémoire autobiographique gravement déficiente
Inability to remember and re-experience autobiographical episodic details observed in healthy subjects who otherwise live normally.
Trouble de la mémoire se manifestant par une incapacité à se souvenir et à revivre des détails autobiographiques épisodiques, observé chez des sujets sains qui vivent par ailleurs normalement.
mémoire autobiographique sévèrement déﬁcitaire
severely deficient autobiographical memory

Frank Arnould
Baker, J., Savage, S., Milton, F., Butler, C., Kapur, N., Hodges, J., & Zeman, A. (2021). The syndrome of transient epileptic amnesia: A combined series of 115 cases and literature review. Brain Communications, 3(2), fcab038. https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcab038
Favre, I. M. A., Véran, O., Payen, I., & Vercueil, L. (2011). Amnésie transitoire épileptique ou ictus amnésique épileptique : discussion nosographique à partir d’un cas clinique. Gériatrie, Psychologie et Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement, 9(1), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2011.0254
Kapur, N. (1993). Transient epileptic amnesia: A clinical update and a reformulation. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 56(11), 1184-1190. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.56.11.1184
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
ictus amnésique épileptique
A form of temporal epilepsy with recurrent episodes of anterograde and retrograde amnesia of short duration (usually between 20 and 60 minutes).
Forme d'épilepsie temporale se manifestant par des épisodes récurrents d'amnésie (antérograde et rétrograde) de durée brève (généralement entre 20 et 60 minutes).

amnésie épileptique transitoire
transient epileptic amnesia

Frank Arnould
Murphy, D. H., & Castel, A. D. (2020). Responsible remembering : How metacognition impacts adaptive selective memory. Zeitschrift Für Psychologie, 228(4), 301‑303. https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000428
Murphy, D. H., & Castel, A. D. (2021a). Metamemory that matters : Judgments of importance can engage responsible remembering. Memory, 29(3), 271-283. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1887895
Murphy, D. H., & Castel, A. D. (2021b). Responsible remembering and forgetting as contributors to memory for important information. Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01139-4
2021-08-10
2023-09-04
Notion qui « rend compte de la façon dont la mémoire fonctionne pour hiérarchiser les informations importantes dont il faudra se souvenir et de la façon dont les processus métacognitifs peuvent être plus précis dans des situations ayant des répercussions sur l'oubli. » (Murphy & Castel, 2022a, p. 271).
Notion that "captures how memory functions to prioritise important information that will need to be remembered and how metacognitive processes may be more precise in situations involving consequences for forgetting." (Murphy & Castel, 2022a, p. 271).
mémoire responsable
responsible remembering

Frank Arnould
Claparède E (1911) Reconnaissance et moiïté. Archives de psychologie, 11, 79-90.
Schacter, D. L., Harbluk, J. L., & McLachlan, D. R. (1984). Retrieval without recollection : An experimental analysis of source amnesia. Journal of Verbal Learning & Verbal Behavior, 23(5), 593‑611. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90373-6
2017-12-04
2023-03-17
A type of amnesia characterized by a deficit in the memory of the source of information (where, when, how).
Type d’amnésie qui se caractérise par un déficit dans la mémoire de la source des informations (où, quand, comment.)

amnésie de la source
source amnesia

Frank Arnould
Cubelli, R., Beschin, N., & Della Sala, S. (2020). Retrograde amnesia: A selective deficit of explicit autobiographical memory. Cortex, 133, 400–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.10.003
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
anterograde memory loss
perte de mémoire antérograde
Type d’amnésie se manifestant par la difficulté pour le patient à effectuer des apprentissages épisodiques nouveaux depuis le début de la maladie.
Type of amnesia characterized by the patient's difficulty in new episodic learning since the onset of the disease.

amnésies antérogrades
anterograde amnesias
pertes de mémoire antérograde
amnésie antérograde
anterograde amnesia

Frank Arnould
Moscovitch, M. (1995). Confabulation. In D. L. Schacter (Ed.), Memory distortions: How minds, brains, and societies reconstruct the past (pp. 226–251). Harvard University Press.
2017-12-04
2022-03-08
Often considered as synonymous with fabulation (imaginary story that the subject sees as real without intent to deceive). Authors prefer to reserve the term confabulation to the constructions used by the subject to compensate memory difficulties or deficiencies, as in Korsakoff syndrome.
Souvent pris comme synonyme de fabulation (récit imaginaire que le sujet considère comme réel sans intention de tromper), des auteurs préfèrent réserver le terme de confabulation aux constructions au moyen desquelles le sujet compense des difficultés, des carences de la mémoire, comme dans le cas du syndrome de Korsakoff.

confabulations
confabulations
confabulation
confabulation

Frank Arnould
Ricker, T. J., Vergauwe, E., & Cowan, N. (2014). Decay theory of immediate memory: From Brown (1958) to today (2014). The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 141(2), 98-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2014.914546
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Memory trace decay
decay hypothesis
decay theory
déclin de la trace
déclin de la trace mnésique
déclin temporel
memory decay
oubli spontané
spontaneous forgetting
temporal decay
time-based decay
trace decay
Hypothèse selon laquelle l’oubli repose sur un affaiblissement avec le temps de la trace mnésique.
The hypothesis that forgetting is based on the weakening of the memory trace with the passage of time.

decay
oublis spontanés
hypothèse du déclin de la trace
trace decay hypothesis

Accelerated Long Term Forgetting : Four Doors and Crimes Test. (2021). [Data set]. Newcastle University. doi:10.25405/data.ncl.14195342.v3
Atkinson, A. L., Allen, R. J., & Hitch, G. J. (2021, June 1). Detecting Accelerated Long-term Forgetting: A problem and some solutions. https://osf.io/4x23b/
Landry, A., Rouleau, I., Nguyen, D. K., & Boucher, O. (2022). L’oubli accéléré a long terme chez les personnes atteintes d’épilepsie: État des connaissances et implications pour l’évaluation clinique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 14(3), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2022.0717
Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A. D., Atkinson, A. L., Hitch, G. J., & Allen, R. J. (2021). Detecting accelerated long-term forgetting : A problem and some solutions. Cortex, 142, 237‑251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.03.038
Butler, C., Gilboa, A., & Miller, L. (2019). Accelerated long-term forgetting. Cortex, 110, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2018.12.009
Butler, C., Muhlert, N., & Zeman, A. (2010). Accelerated long-term forgetting. In S. Della Sala (Ed.), Forgetting (211-237). Psychology Press.
Cassel, A., & Kopelman, M. D. (2019). Have we forgotten about forgetting? A critical review of ‘accelerated long-term forgetting’ in temporal lobe epilepsy. Cortex, 110, 141‑149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.12.012
Elliott, G., Isaac, C. L., & Muhlert, N. (2014). Measuring forgetting: A critical review of accelerated long-term forgetting studies. Cortex, 54, 16-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2014.02.001
Fitzgerald, Z., Mohamed, A., Ricci, M., Thayer, Z., & Miller, L. (2013). Accelerated long-term forgetting: A newly identified memory impairment in epilepsy. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 20(11), 1486–1491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2013.04.037
García-Martínez, M., Sánchez-Juan, P., & Butler, C. R. (2023). A review of accelerated long-term forgetting in Alzheimer’s disease: Current situation and prospects. Neuropsychology, 37(6), 673–682. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000827
Geurts, S., van der Werf, S. P., Kwa, V. I. H., & Kessels, R. P. C. (2019). Accelerated long-term forgetting after TIA or minor stroke: A more sensitive measure for detecting subtle memory dysfunction? Cortex, 110, 150–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2018.04.002
Landry, A., Rouleau, I., Nguyen, D. K., & Boucher, O. (2022). L’oubli accéléré a long terme chez les personnes atteintes d’épilepsie: État des connaissances et implications pour l’évaluation clinique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 14(3), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2022.0717
Mameniškienė, R., Puteikis, K., Jasionis, A., & Jatužis, D. (2020). A review of accelerated long-term forgetting in epilepsy. Brain Sciences (2076-3425), 10(12), 945. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10120945
Rodini, M., De Simone, M. S., Caltagirone, C., & Carlesimo, G. A. (2022). Accelerated long-term forgetting in neurodegenerative disorders: A systematic review of the literature. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 141, 104815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104815
2017-12-04
2023-08-23
ALF
LTA
accelerated forgetting
amnésie à long terme
long-term amnesia
oubli accéléré
oubli accéléré sur le long terme
oubli accéléré à long terme
An abnormal pattern of forgetting “[...] in which information may apparently be learnt and remembered normally at ﬁrst, but is forgotten at an accelerated rate over subsequent days to weeks.” (Butler et al., 2010, p. 211). The phenomenon has been observed in patients with epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease or after a stroke.
Profil anormal d’oubli « […] dans lequel les informations peuvent apparemment être d’abord apprises et mémorisées normalement, mais sont oubliées à un rythme accéléré au cours des jours à semaines suivants. » (Butler et al., 2010, p. 211). Ce phénomène a été observé chez des patients atteints d’épilepsie, de la maladie d’Alzheimer ou après un accident vasculaire cérébral.
accelerated long-term forgetting
oubli à long terme accéléré

Frank Arnould
McGeoch, J.A. (1942). The psychology of human learning: An introduction. Longmans.
Postman, L., & Underwood, B. J. (1973). Critical issues in interference theory. Memory & Cognition, 1(1), 19-40. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198064
Webb, L. W. (1917). Transfer of training and retroaction: A comparative study. The Psychological Monographs, 24(3), 1-90. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0093121
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
compétition des traces
retrieval competition
trace competition
Activation simultanée de souvenirs qui sont en concurrence comme réponse à un indice.
Simultaneous activation of memories that compete as a response to a cue.
Competition between memory traces is one of the processes invoked to explain forgetting, particularly that caused by retroactive interference. For example, participants learn a first list of A-B word pairs and then a second list of A-C words. Thus, the same words (A) are associated with different responses in the two lists (B and C). When the first list of word pairs is tested, by asking participants to recall the B responses associated with the A words, the acquired A-B and A-C associations compete. The more recent associations (A-C) are thought to block the older ones (A-B).
La compétition entre traces mnésiques est l’un des processus invoqués pour expliquer l’oubli, notamment celui provoqué par interférence rétroactive. Par exemple, des participants mémorisent une première liste de paires de mots de type A-B, puis une seconde liste de mots de type A-C. Ainsi, les mêmes mots (A) sont associés à des réponses différentes dans les deux listes (B et C). Quand la première liste de paires de mots est testée, en demandant aux participants de rappeler les réponses B associées aux mots A, les associations acquises A-B et A-C entrent en compétition. Les associations les plus récentes (A-C) bloqueraient alors les plus anciennes (A-B).
compétition des réponses
response competition

Frank Arnould
Bussy, G., Seguin, C., & Bonnevie, I. (2019). Dysmnésie développementale: Un trouble neurodéveloppemental oublié. Neuropsychiatrie de l’Enfance et de l’Adolescence, 67(1), 43–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2018.09.003
2020-06-09
2023-09-04
"a persistent disorder of explicit long-term memory that cannot be explained by an intellectual disability or by a sensory or other cognitive disorder, in the absence of an educational and social deficiency. The disorder may affect semantic memory or episodic memory, in verbal and/or visual modality. The disorder may be at the stage of information encoding, storing or retrieval. The disorder appears during development and has no identified organic cause (unlike developmental amnesia)." (Bussy et al., 2019, p. 44).
« un trouble persistant de la mémoire à long-terme explicite ne s’expliquant ni par une déficience intellectuelle ni par un trouble sensoriel ou un trouble cognitif autre, et ce en l’absence de carence éducative et sociale. Le trouble peut affecter la mémoire sémantique ou la mémoire épisodique, en modalité verbale et/ou visuelle. Le trouble peut se situer au niveau de l’encodage, du stockage ou de la récupération des informations. Ce trouble apparaît au cours du développement et n’a pas de cause organique identifiée (contrairement à l’amnésie développementale) » (Bussy et al., 2019, p. 44).
developmental dysmnesia
dysmnésie développementale

Frank Arnould
Bjork, R. A., Bjork, E. L., & Caughey, B. J. (2007). Retrieval as a self-limiting process : Part II. In J. S. Nairne (Ed.), The Foundations of Remembering: Essays in Honor of Henry L. Roediger, III (p. 19-37). Psychology Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Processus par lequel le fait de récupérer des informations en mémoire empêche la récupération d'autres informations.
The process by which retrieving information from memory prevents the retrieval of other information.
processus auto-limitant
self-limiting process

Frank Arnould
Habib, M., & Sirigu, A. (1987). Pure topographical disorientation: A definition and anatomical basis. Cortex, 23(1), 73-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(87)80020-5
Whiteley, A. M., & Warrington, E. K. (1978). Selective impairment of topographical memory: a single case study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 41(6), 575-578. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.41.6.575
2017-12-04
2022-03-08
amnésie topographique
désorientation topographique pure
pure topographical disorientation
topographical amnesia
Selective disorder of spatial memory in which patients have difficulty orienting themselves in their environment and finding their way which results from lesions in the right parahippocampal gyrus.
Trouble sélectif de la mémoire spatiale se manifestant par la difficulté des patients à s'orienter dans leur environnement et à trouver leur chemin, et consécutif à des lésions du gyrus parahippocampique droit.
perte de la mémoire topographique
topographical memory loss

Frank Arnould
Rosenbaum, R. S., Murphy, K. J., & Rich, J. B. (2012). The amnesias. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 3(1), 47-63. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.155
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
amnestic disorder
trouble amnésique
Generic term for memory disorders of psychogenic or organic origin (brain lesions), characterized by the loss of memories, whether transient or permanent, partial or complete.
Terme générique désignant les troubles de la mémoire, d’origine psychogène ou organique (lésions cérébrales), qui se manifestent par la perte, transitoire ou durable, partielle ou complète, de souvenirs.

amnesias
amnestic disorders
amnésies
troubles amnésiques
amnesia
amnésie

Frank Arnould
Arnold, K., & McDermott, K. (2012). Test-potentiated learning : Distinguishing between direct and indirect effects of tests. Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition, 39. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029199
Izawa, C. (1966). Reinforcement-test sequences in paired-associate learning. Psychological Reports, 18(3), 879‑919. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1966.18.3.879
2020-11-03
2023-09-04
"Attempting to retrieve items may improve later encoding of those items even when the retrieval attempt fails and feedback is not given." (Arnold & McDermott, 2013, p. 940).
« Tenter de récupérer des éléments en mémoire peut améliorer l'encodage ultérieur de ces éléments, même lorsque la tentative de récupération échoue et qu'aucun retour d'information n'est donné. » (Arnold & McDermott, 2013, p. 940).
apprentissage favorisé par le test
test-potentiated learning

Pastötter, B., von Dawans, B., Domes, G., & Frings, C. (2023, March 24). The forward testing effect is resistant to acute psychosocial retrieval stress. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/EX4RU
Frank Arnould
Chan, J. C. K., Meissner, C. A., & Davis, S. D. (2018). Retrieval potentiates new learning : A theoretical and meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 144(11), 1111–1146. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000166
Pastötter, B., von Dawans, B., Domes, G., & Frings, C. (2023). The forward testing effect is resistant to acute psychosocial retrieval stress. Experimental Psychology, 70(1), 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000571
2018-10-01
2023-04-18
forward effect of testing
forward testing effect ​
interim test effect ​
test-enhanced new learning ​
Phénomène observé quand la récupération d'informations en mémoire favorise ensuite l'apprentissage de nouvelles informations.
The phenomenon observed when the retrieval of studied information from memory facilitates the learning of new information.
apprentissages nouveaux favorisés par le test
apprentissage nouveau favorisé par le test
test-potentiated new learning

Akan, M., & Benjamin, A. (2019, February 8). The effects of testing on memory for context. https://osf.io/bqr5f/
Pan, S. C. (2021, February 9). Test-enhanced learning and effects of retrieval processes on long-term memory. https://osf.io/jd5qh/
Van Eersel, G., Verkoeijen, P., & Bouwmeester, S. (2017, March 14). Does retrieval practice depend on semantic cues? Assessing the fuzzy trace account of the testing effect. https://osf.io/nx3zm/
Zhifang Ye and Gui Xue (2020). Retrieval practice facilitates memory updating by enhancing and differentiating medial prefrontal cortex representations. OpenNeuro. [Dataset] doi:10.18112/openneuro.ds002773.v1.0.0
Frank Arnould
McDermott, K. B. (2021). Practicing retrieval facilitates learning. Annual Review of Psychology, 72(1), 609-633. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-051019
Roediger, H. L., & Butler, A. C. (2011). The critical role of retrieval practice in long-term retention. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15(1), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2010.09.003
2017-12-04
2022-05-19
recitation
récitation
Strategy of trying to remember learned information before the final memory test.
Stratégie consistant à tenter de se souvenir des informations mémorisées avant le test final de la mémoire.
pratique de la récupération
retrieval practice

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Brewer, N., Lucas, C., Sauer, J., & Palmer, M. (2021). Measuring the relationship between eyewitness identification confidence and accuracy. In A. M. Smith, M. P. Toglia, & J. M. Lampinen (Eds.), Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks (pp. 234–256). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003138105-14 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Roediger, H. L., & DeSoto, K. A. (2015). Understanding the relation between confidence and accuracy in reports from memory. In D. S. Lindsay, C. M. Kelley, A. P. Yonelinas, & H. L. Roediger (Eds.), Remembering: Attributions, processes, and control in human memory: Papers in honor of Larry L. Jacoby (p. 347 - 367). Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T., & Wells, G. L. (2017). The relationship between eyewitness confidence and identification accuracy: A new synthesis. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 18(1), 10–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100616686966 [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
2023-09-05
confiance
confidence
confidence rating
Jugement métamnésique indiquant le niveau de certitude que le sujet attribue à ses souvenirs. La confiance est généralement mesurée au moyen d’une échelle d’évaluation.
Metamemory judgment indicating the level of certainty the subject attributes to his or her memories. Confidence is usually measured using a rating scale.

confidence judgement
confidence judgments
confidence ratings
jugements de confiance
confidence judgment
jugement de confiance

Frank Arnould
Deplus, S., Grégoire, J., & Van Broeck, N. (2013). Tâche d’évaluation de la mémoire autobiographique (TEMA) adaptée à l’enfant. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 63(3), 159-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2012.10.001
Dritschel, B., Beltsos, S., & McClintock, S. M. (2013). An "alternating instructions" version of the Autobiographical Memory Test for assessing autobiographical memory specificity in non-clinical populations. Memory, 22(8), 881-889. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2013.839710
Van Vreeswijk, M. F., & de Wilde, E. J. (2004). Autobiographical memory specificity, psychopathology, depressed mood and the use of the Autobiographical Memory Test: a meta-analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42(6), 731-743. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00194-3
Williams, J. M., & Broadbent, K. (1986). Autobiographical memory in suicide attempters. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95(2), 144-149. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.95.2.144
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
AMT
TEMA
A task to assess the degree of specificity of autobiographical memories. Derived from the cue-word method, it is mostly used in a clinical setting, especially for assessing the existence of overgeneral autobiographical memories (for example, in people with depression and in post-traumatic stress disorder). Subjects are asked to generate autobiographical memories from positive (e.g. happy) or negative (e.g. injured) cue-words. Variations of this task exist (inclusion or not of emotionally neutral words, number of cue-words, instructions, etc.).
Épreuve permettant d'évaluer le niveau de spécificité des souvenirs autobiographiques. Dérivée de la méthode des mots indices, elle est surtout utilisée dans un cadre clinique, en particulier pour apprécier l'existence de souvenirs autobiographiques surgénéralisés (par exemple, chez les personnes dépressives et dans l'état de stress post-traumatique). Les sujets doivent générer des souvenirs autobiographiques à partir de mots positifs (par exemple, heureux) ou négatifs (par exemple, blessé) servant d'indices. Il existe des variantes de cette tâche (inclusion ou non de mots émotionnellement neutres, nombre de mots indices, consignes...)
Autobiographical Memory Test
Test de mémoire autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Barry, T. J., Hallford, D. J., & Takano, K. (2021). Autobiographical memory impairments as a transdiagnostic feature of mental illness : A meta-analytic review of investigations into autobiographical memory specificity and overgenerality among people with psychiatric diagnoses. Psychological Bulletin, 47(10), 1054–1074. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000345
Barry, T. J., Takano, K., Hallford, D. J., Roberts, J. E., Salmon, K., & Raes, F. (2023). Autobiographical memory and psychopathology: Is memory specificity as important as we make it seem? WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(3), e1624. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1624
Hallford, D. J., Rusanov, D., Yeow, J. J. E., & Barry, T. J. (2021). Overgeneral and specific autobiographical memory predict the course of depression : An updated meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 51(6), 909 - 926. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721001343
Ono, M., Devilly, G. J., & Shum, D. H. K. (2016). A meta-analytic review of overgeneral memory : The role of trauma history, mood, and the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 8(2), 157‑164. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000027
Preko, T., Edler, K., Behrens, B., & Valentino, K. (in press). A meta-analysis of the influence of cue valence on overgeneral memory and autobiographical memory specificity among youth. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-023-01099-0
Weiss-Cowie, S., Verhaeghen, P., & Duarte, A. (2023). An updated account of overgeneral autobiographical memory in depression. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 149, 105157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105157
Williams, J. M. G., Barnhofer, T., Crane, C., Herman, D., Raes, F., Watkins, E., & Dalgleish, T. (2007). Autobiographical memory specificity and emotional disorder. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 122-148. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.122
Williams, J. M., & Broadbent, K. (1986). Autobiographical memory in suicide attempters. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95(2), 144-149. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.95.2.144
2017-12-04
2023-07-21
memory overgenerality
overgeneral autobiographical memory
reduced autobiographical memory specificity
souvenir autobiographique surgénéralisé
souvenir général
Autobiographical memories without reference to a specific event. These memories tend to be more common in people with depression or post-traumatic stress disorder.
Souvenir autobiographique marqué par son caractère générique, sans référence à un événement spécifique. Les personnes dépressives ou présentant un état de stress post-traumatique ont tendance à rappeler plus fréquemment de tels souvenirs.

overgeneral autobiographical memories
overgeneral memories
souvenirs autobiographiques surgénéralisés
souvenirs généraux
souvenirs surgénéralisés
overgeneral memory
souvenir surgénéralisé

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Brown, A. S., & Murphy, D. R. (1989). Cryptomnesia: Delineating inadvertent plagiarism. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(3), 432–442. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.3.432 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Brédart, S., Lampinen, J., & Defeldre, A.-C. (2003). Phenomenal characteristics of cryptomnesia. Memory, 11(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/741938174 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Gingerich, A. C., & Sullivan, M. C. (2013). Claiming hidden memories as one’s own: A review of inadvertent plagiarism. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 25(8), 903-916. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2013.841674 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
McCarroll, C. J., & Sant’Anna, A. (2023). Cryptomnesia: A three-factor account. Synthese, 201(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-022-04002-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-06-15
cryptomnesic experience
expérience cryptomnésique
inadvertent plagiarism
plagiat inconscient
plagiat involontaire
unconscious plagiarism
"Cryptomnesia refers to generating a word, an idea, a song, or a solution to a problem, with the belief that it is either totally original, or at least original within the present context. In actuality, the item is not original, but one which has been produced by someone else (or even oneself) at some earlier time." (Brown et Murphy, 1989, p. 432).
"La cryptomnésie consiste à générer un mot, une idée, une chanson ou une solution à un problème, en pensant qu'il s'agit d'un élément totalement original, ou du moins original dans le contexte du moment. En réalité, l'élément n'est pas original, mais a été produit par quelqu'un d'autre (ou même par soi-même) à un autre moment". (Brown et Murphy, 1989, p. 432).

cryptomnesic
cryptomnesic experiences
cryptomnésique
cryptomnésiques
expériences cryptomnésiques
plagiats inconscients
cryptomnesia
cryptomnésie

2022-07-25
Frank Arnould
Gancedo, Y., Fariña, F., Seijo, D., Vilariño, M., & Arce, R. (2021). Reality monitoring: A meta-analytical review for forensic practice. The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, 13(2), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.5093/ejpalc2021a10 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
Johnson, M. K., & Raye, C. L. (1981). Reality monitoring. Psychological Review, 88(1), 67–85. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.88.1.67 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin, 114(1), 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.3 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Simons, J. S., Garrison, J. R., & Johnson, M. K. (2017). Brain mechanisms of reality monitoring. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 21(6), 462–473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2017.03.012 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
contrôle de la réalité
monitorage de la réalité
monitoring de la réalité
"Reality monitoring refers to discriminating memories of internally generated information from memories of externally derived information, such as distinguishing memories for thoughts and imaginations from memories for perceived events." (Johnson et al., 1993, p. 4).
« La surveillance de la réalité permet de distinguer les souvenirs d’informations qui ont été générées en interne des souvenirs d’informations provenant du monde extérieur, comme la distinction entre les souvenirs de pensées ou d’événements imaginés et les souvenirs d’événements perçus. » (Johnson et al., 1993, p. 4).
reality monitoring
surveillance de la réalité

Frank Arnould
Crowder, R. G. (1968). Intraserial repetition effects in immediate memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 7(2), 446–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(68)80031-3
Jahnke, J. C. (1969). The Ranschburg effect. Psychological Review, 76(6), 592–605. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0028148
Ranschburg, P. (1902). Uber Hemmung gleichzeitiger Reizwirkungen. Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane, 30, 39–86. https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftfrps02psycgoog#page/n52/mode/2up
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Ranschburg effect
inhibition par répétition
repetition inhibition
Moins bon rappel sériel immédiat (omissions ou erreurs de position) d’une courte liste d’items contenant au moins un item répété (ou moins bonne mémoire des items répétés) par rapport à une liste ne contenant pas de répétition.
Poorer immediate serial recall (omissions or position errors) of a short list of items containing at least one repeated item (or poorer memory of the repeated items) compared to a list with no repeated items.

Ranschburg phenomenon
effet Ranschburg

Johnson, A. (2018, November 12). Visual Hebb repetition effects: the role of psychological distinctivness revisited. https://osf.io/whz9g
Frank Arnould
Hebb, D. O. (1961). Distinctive features of learning in the higher animal. In J. F. Delafresnaye (Ed.), Brain Mechanisms and Learning (pp. 37–46). Blackwell.
Johnson, A. J., & Miles, C. (2019). Visual hebb repetition effects: The role of psychological distinctiveness revisited. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00017
Mızrak, E., & Oberauer, K. (2021). Working memory recruits long-term memory when it is beneficial: Evidence from the Hebb effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000934
Oberauer, K., Jones, T., & Lewandowsky, S. (2015). The Hebb repetition effect in simple and complex memory span. Memory & Cognition, 43(6), 852–865. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-015-0512-8
2017-12-04
2023-03-18
Hebb repetition effect
effet de Hebb
effet de répétition de Hebb
"The Hebb repetition effect refers to the finding that immediate serial recall is improved over trials for memory lists that are surreptitiously repeated across trials, relative to new lists." (Oberauer et al., 2015, p. 852).
Amélioration du rappel sériel immédiat d'une séquence d'items dont la présentation a été subrepticement répétée sur plusieurs essais par rapport au rappel sériel immédiat de séquences non répétées.
Hebb effect
effet Hebb

Frank Arnould
Glenberg, A. M. (1976). Monotonic and nonmonotonic lag effects in paired-associate and recognition memory paradigms. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 15(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(76)90002-5
Madigan, S. A. (1969). Intraserial repetition and coding processes in free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8(6), 828–835. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(69)80050-2
Melton, A. W. (1970). The situation with respect to the spacing of repetitions and memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 9(5), 596–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(70)80107-4
2017-12-04
2018-04-10
Melton effect
effet Melton
La mémoire d'un item s'améliore quand l'intervalle séparant la répétition de cet item augmente.
Memory of an item is better when the interval between the repetition of this item increases.
effet d'intervalle
lag effect

Frank Arnould
Cepeda, N. J., Pashler, H., Vul, E., Wixted, J. T., & Rohrer, D. (2006). Distributed practice in verbal recall tasks : A review and quantitative synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 354‑380. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.354
Gerbier, É., & Koenig, O. (2015). Comment les intervalles temporels entre les répétitions d’une information en influencent-ils la mémorisation ? Revue théorique des effets de pratique distribuée. L’Année Psychologique, 115(3), 435–462. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503315000159
Greene, R. L. (1989). Spacing effects in memory : Evidence for a two-process account. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(3), 371‑377. href="https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.15.3.371
Perruchet, P. (1987). Pourquoi apprend-on mieux quand les répétitions sont espacées ? Une évaluation des réponses contemporaines. L’Année Psychologique, 87(2), 253–272. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1987.29203
2017-12-04
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2022-03-30
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y
Lorsque des éléments sont répétés, ceux qui sont répétés de façon non consécutive (espacée) sont mieux rappelés que ceux qui sont répétés consécutivement.
When items are repeated in a list, those which are not consecutively repeated (spaced) are recalled better than those which are repeated consecutively.

effet d'espacement
spacing effect

Frank Arnould
Cepeda, N. J., Pashler, H., Vul, E., Wixted, J. T., & Rohrer, D. (2006). Distributed practice in verbal recall tasks : A review and quantitative synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 354‑380. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.354
2017-12-04
2023-03-20
apprentissage espacé
spaced learning
spaced restudy
Type d’apprentissage durant lequel des périodes de repos séparent les différents essais.
Type of learning during which rest periods separate the different trials.

apprentissage distribué
distributed learning

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-03-29
expérience métamnésique
metamemory experience
Ability for monitoring, regulating and controlling memory functioning.
Aptitude à surveiller, réguler et contrôler le fonctionnement de la mémoire.
expériences métamnésiques
metamemory experiences
métamémoire procédurale
procedural metamemory

2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
Metcalfe, J. (1990). Composite Holographic Associative Recall Model (CHARM) and blended memories in eyewitness testimony. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 119(2), 145–160. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.119.2.145 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Metcalfe Eich, J. (1982). A composite holographic associative recall model. Psychological Review, 89(6), 627–661. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.89.6.627 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Metcalfe Eich, J. (1985). Levels of processing, encoding specificity, elaboration, and CHARM. Psychological Review, 92(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.92.1.1 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-03-16
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
CHARM model
modèle CHARM
A model of associative memory “based on the idea that items, represented as distributed patterns of features or as vectors, are associated by the operation of convolution. The results are stored by being added into a composite trace and hence "blended" or superimposed. Retrieval occurs by the operation of correlation, which results in a noisy and sometimes systematically distorted output. That output, in recall, is then matched to all of the items in a lexicon, and the best match wins and is given as the recalled item.“ (Metcalfe, 1990, p. 147).
Modèle de la mémoire associative « basé sur l'idée que des items, représentés comme des motifs distribués de caractéristiques ou comme des vecteurs, sont associés par une opération de convolution. Les résultats sont stockés en étant ajoutés dans une trace composite et donc "mélangés" ou superposés. La récupération se fait par corrélation, ce qui produit une sortie bruitée et parfois systématiquement déformée. Cette sortie, lors du rappel, est ensuite mise en correspondance avec tous les éléments d'un lexique, et la meilleure correspondance l'emporte et est donnée comme l'élément rappelé. » (Metcalfe, 1990, p. 147).
Composite Holographic Associative Recall Model
modèle holographique composite du rappel associatif

Frank Arnould
Craik, F. I. M., & Tulving, E. (1975). Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104(3), 268–294. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.104.3.268
Hyde, T. S., & Jenkins, J. J. (1969). The differential effects of incidental tasks on the organization of recall of a list of highly associated words. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 82, 472–481.​ https://doi.org/10.1037/h0028372
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
Incidental learning procedure by directing the subject to process a particular aspect of stimuli (semantic, perceptual, etc.) to highlight the role of levels of processing in memory performance. For example, to guide a subject towards the perceptual aspect, he/she is asked to judge whether the words are written in capital letters; to focus him/her towards the semantic aspect, he/she has to decide if stimuli belong to a semantic category (for example, the animal category).
Procédure expérimentale d'apprentissage incident consistant à orienter le sujet vers un aspect particulier des stimuli (sémantique, perceptif...) afin de mettre en évidence le rôle des niveaux de traitement sur la performance de la mémoire. Par exemple, pour orienter un sujet vers l'aspect perceptif de mots, on lui demandera de juger s'ils sont écrits en majuscule ; pour l'orienter vers un traitement sémantique, on exigera un jugement d'appartenance à une catégorie sémantique.
orienting tasks
tâches d'orientation
orienting task
tâche d'orientation

Eustache F., Desgranges, B., & Lalevée, C. (1998). L’évaluation clinique de la mémoire. Revue Neurologique, 154, S18-32.
Eustache, F., Laisney, M., Lalevée, C., Pèlerin, A., Perrotin, A., Egret, S., Chételat, G., & Desgranges, B. (2015). Une nouvelle épreuve de mémoire épisodique: L’épreuve ESR-forme réduite (ESR-r), adaptée du paradigme ESR (encodage, stockage, récupération). Revue de Neuropsychologie, 7(3), 217. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.073.0217
2023-06-14
Frank Arnould
2023-06-14
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
ESR paradigm
ESR task
ESR-r
Encoding, Storage, Retrieval paradigm
paradigme ESR
paradigme Encodage, Stockage, Récupération
s-ESR task
short ESR task
test ESR
épreuve ESR
épreuve ESR- forme réduite
épreuve Encodage, Stockage, Récupération,
A neuropsychological test for the assessment of episodic memory in adults based on the principle of encoding specificity and the levels of processing theory. It enables a distinction to be made between impairments in encoding, storage and retrieval.
Test neuropsychologique d’évaluation de la mémoire épisodique chez l’adulte, basé sur le principe de la spécificité de l’encodage et sur la théorie des niveaux de traitement, permettant de différencier les troubles de l’encodage, du stockage et de la récupération.
A short form of the ESR test is available (Eustache et al., 2015).
Une version réduite de l’épreuve ESR est disponible (Eustache et al., 2015).
Encoding, Storage, Retrieval test
test Encodage, Stockage, Récupération

Frank Arnould
Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X
Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Niveaux de traitement : un cadre pour la recherche en mémoire. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671–684. Traduit dans S. Nicolas & P. Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie de la mémoire humaine (pp. 171-191). De Boeck.
Craik, F. I. M., & Tulving, E. (1975). Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104(3), 268–294. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.104.3.268
Giboin, A. (1979). Le principe des niveaux de traitement ou principe de profondeur. L’Année Psychologique, 79(2), 623–655. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1979.28289
Morris, C. D., Bransford, J. D., & Franks, J. J. (1977). Levels of processing versus transfer appropriate processing. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 16(5), 519–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(77)80016-9
2017-12-04
2022-07-14
hypothèse des niveaux de traitement
levels of processig hypothesis
levels of processing model
modèle des niveaux de traitement
niveaux de traitement
Theory proposed by Craik and Lockhart (1972) according to which deeper (e.g. semantic) processing of information produces memory traces that are more durable and resistant to forgetting than shallow (perceptual) processing.
Théorie proposée par Craik et Lockhart (1972) selon laquelle un traitement plus profond (par exemple, sémantique) des informations produit des traces mnésiques plus durables et résistantes à l'oubli qu'un traitement superficiel (perceptif).
La théorie des niveaux de traitement s'oppose aux théories structurales de la mémoire : elle insiste sur l'idée que ce sont les processus de traitement plutôt que l'existence de différents systèmes de stockage qui sont responsables de la mémorisation.
The levels of processing theory is opposed to structural theories of memory: it insists on the idea that it is the encoding processes rather than the existence of different storage systems that are responsible for remembering.

levels of processing
levels of processing theory
théorie des niveaux de traitement

Frank Arnould
Rendell, P. G., & Craik, F. I. M. (2000). Virtual week and actual week: Age-related differences in prospective memory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S43–S62. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.770
2020-11-19
2023-09-04
Event- and time-based prospective memory task. The subject is required to remember to perform daily activities over a simulated period of one week.
Tâche de mémoire prospective événementielle et temporelle. Le sujet doit se souvenir de réaliser des activités de la vie quotidienne sur une période simulée d’une semaine.
Virtual Week task
tâche de la semaine virtuelle

2023-03-07
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Multidisciplinaire
Multidisciplinary
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
vieillissement mnésique
memory aging
vieillissement de la mémoire

Frank Arnould
Kvavilashvili, L., & Ellis, J. (2004). Ecological validity and the real- life/laboratory controversy in memory research: A critical and historical review. History & Philosophy of Psychology, 6(1), 59–80.
2018-04-23
2022-01-12
ecological task
ecological test
everyday memory task
test écologique
tâche écologique
​Memory assessment based on tasks that are intended to be as close as possible to the use of memory in everyday life.
​Évaluation de la mémoire reposant sur des épreuves qui se veulent être les plus proches possible de l'utilisation de la mémoire dans la vie quotidienne.
ecological assessments
ecological tasks
ecological tests
everyday memory tasks
tests écologiques
tâches écologiques
évaluations écologiques
ecological assessment
évaluation écologique

Frank Arnould
Ghosh, V. E., & Gilboa, A. (2014). What is a memory schema? A historical perspective on current neuroscience literature. Neuropsychologia, 53, 104-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.11.010
Gilboa, A., & Marlatte, H. (2017). Neurobiology of schemas and schema-mediated memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 21(8), 618–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2017.04.013
Ost, J., Udell, J., Dear, S., Zinken, J., Blank, H., & Costall, A. (2022). The serial reproduction of an urban myth: Revisiting Bartlett’s schema theory. Memory, 30(6), 775–783. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2059514
Tse, D., Langston, R. F., Kakeyama, M., Bethus, I., Spooner, P. A., Wood, E. R., Witter, M. P., & Morris, R. G. M. (2007). Schemas and memory consolidation. Science, 316(5821), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1135935
2017-12-04
Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-03-15
représentation schématique
schematic representation
Les schémas sont des représentations mentales abstraites qui résument et organisent de façon structurée des évènements, des objets, des situations ou des expériences semblables. Les schémas, stockés en mémoire à long terme, permettent d'analyser, de sélectionner, de structurer et d'interpréter des informations nouvelles. Ils servent donc en quelque sorte de modèle, de cadre (pour reprendre l'expression équivalente utilisée en intelligence artificielle) pour traiter l'information et diriger les comportements.
Schemas are abstract mental representations that summarize and organize events, objects, situations or similar experiences in a structured way. Schemas, stored in long-term memory, are used to analyze, select, organize and interpret new information, providing a kind of model or frame to process information and guiding behavior.

représentations schématiques
schemas
schematic representations
schémas
schema
schéma

Frank Arnould
Conway, M. A., & Dewhurst, S. A. (1995). The self and recollective experience. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 9(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350090102
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
SRRE
Le souvenir d'une information qui a été traitée par rapport à soi est associé à une expérience subjective de recollection (remémoration consciente des circonstances de mémorisation).
Remembering information that has been processed in relation to oneself is associated with a subjective experience of recollection (conscious recollection of the circumstances of memorization).
effet de référence à soi recollective
self-reference recollection effect

Frank Arnould
Cunningham, S. J., Turk, D. J., Macdonald, L. M., & Neil Macrae, C. (2008). Yours or mine? Ownership and memory. Consciousness and Cognition, 17(1), 312-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2007.04.003
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Better memory for objects owned by the subject than for those owned by another person.
Meilleure mémoire pour les objets que le sujet possède que pour les objets possédés par une autre personne.

effet de propriété
ownership effect

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A.D. (1986). Working memory. Oxford University Press.
Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (2019). The phonological loop as a buffer store: An update. Cortex, 112, 91-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2018.05.015
Gaonac'h, D., Larigauderie, P. (2000). Mémoire et fonctionnement cognitif : la mémoire de travail. Armand Colin
2017-12-04
2022-03-08
Sous-système de la mémoire de travail dans le modèle de Baddeley ayant pour fonction le stockage temporaire des informations verbales. Il est composé du registre phonologique et de la boucle articulatoire.
Sub-system of working memory in Baddeley's model, whose function is the temporary storage of verbal information. It is composed of the phonological store and the articulatory loop.

boucle phonologique
phonological loop

Frank Arnould
2020-06-09
Martin, P., Schroeder, R., Olsen, D., Maloy, H., Boettcher, A., Ernst, N., & Okut, H. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Test of Memory Malingering in adults: Two decades of deception detection. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 1744, 33. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2019.1637027 [Document type: literature review, meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Tombaugh, T. N. (1996). Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM). Multi-Health Systems, Inc. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
TOMM
Test permettant de distinguer les troubles simulés des troubles réels de la mémoire.
Test to distinguish malingered from real memory problems.

Test de falsification des souvenirs
Test of Memory Malingering

Frank Arnould
Schwanenflugel, P. J. (1991). Why are abstract concepts hard to understand? In P. J. Schwanenflugel (Ed.), The psychology of word meanings (pp. 223–250). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Schwanenflugel, P. J., Harnishfeger, K. K., & Stowe, R. W. (1988). Context availability and lexical decisions for abstract and concrete words. Journal of Memory and Language, 27(5), 499–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(88)90022-8
2017-12-04
2023-07-21
contextual availability model
contextual availability theory
modèle de la disponibilité contextuelle
théorie de la disponibilité contextuelle
Hypothèse selon laquelle la mémoire des mots concrets est meilleure que celle des mots abstraits parce qu'un plus grand nombre d'informations contextuelles est associé aux premiers par rapport aux seconds.
The hypothesis that memory for concrete words is better than memory for abstract words because a greater amount of contextual information is associated with the former than with the latter.
contextual availability
disponibilité contextuelle
contextual availability hypothesis
hypothèse de la disponibilité contextuelle

Frank Arnould
2021-06-02
Olsson, N., Juslin, P., & Winman, A. (1998). Realism of confidence in earwitness versus eyewitness identification. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 4, 101–118. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.4.2.101 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Saraiva, R. B., Hope, L., Horselenberg, R., Ost, J., Sauer, J. D., & van Koppen, P. J. (2020). Using metamemory measures and memory tests to estimate eyewitness free recall performance. Memory, 28(1), 94‑106. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1688835 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
C calibration measure
C index
C measure
indice C
mesure C
mesure de calibrage C
Measure representing "how far a given calibration curve is from a perfect calibration. It ranges from 0 (perfect calibration) to 1, and lower values indicate better calibration." (Saraiva et al., 2020, p. 95).
Mesure représentant « la distance d'une courbe de calibrage donnée par rapport à un calibrage parfait. Elle va de 0 (calibrage parfait) à 1, des valeurs plus faibles indiquant un meilleur calibrage. » (Saraiva et al., 2020, p. 95).
C calibration index
indice de calibrage C

Frank Arnould
2021-06-02
Saraiva, R. B., Hope, L., Horselenberg, R., Ost, J., Sauer, J. D., & van Koppen, P. J. (2020). Using metamemory measures and memory tests to estimate eyewitness free recall performance. Memory, 28(1), 94‑106. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1688835 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques
O/U index
O/U measure
overconfidence/underconfidence index
"Over/underconfidence (O/U) indicates if a curve strays more above or below the perfect calibration line, with values ranging from −1 (very underconfident) to 1 (very overconfident)." (Saraiva et al., 2020, p. 95).
La mesure de sur/sousconfiance indique si une courbe de calibration s'écarte davantage au-dessus ou au-dessous de la ligne de calibration parfaite, avec des valeurs allant de -1 (forte sous-confiance) à 1 (forte sur-confiance). (Adapté de Saraiva et al., 2020, p. 95).
indice de sur-confiance/sous-confiance
indice de sur/sousconfiance
over/underconfidence index

Frank Arnould
Peltokorpi, V., & Hood, A. C. (2019). Communication in theory and research on transactive memory systems : A literature review. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(4), 644‑667. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12359
Wegner, D. M. (1986). Transactive memory: A contemporary analysis of the group mind. In B. Mullen & G. R. Goethals (Eds.), Theories of group behavior (pp. 185-208). Springer-Verlag.
Wegner, D. M., Giuliano, T., & Hertel, P. (1985). Cognitive interdependence in close relationships. In W. J. Ickes (Ed.), Compatible and incompatible relationships (pp. 253-276). Springer-Verlag.
2017-12-04
2023-07-26
système de mémoire transactive
transactive memory system
Form of collective memory in which memories are distributed among the different partners who shared the same experience. Transactive memory therefore reflects a kind of division of labor between members of a group or a couple in the encoding, storage and retrieval of memories, where each person must be able to know who knows what.
Forme de mémoire collective dans laquelle les souvenirs sont répartis entre les différents partenaires ayant partagé une même expérience. La mémoire transactive reflète donc une sorte de division du travail entre les membres d'un groupe ou d'un couple dans l'encodage, le stockage et la récupération de souvenirs, chaque personne devant être capable de savoir qui sait quoi.

systèmes de mémoire transactive
transactive memory systems
mémoire transactive
transactive memory

Frank Arnould
Collins, R. N., & Milliken, B. (2019). The repetition decrement effect in recognition memory : The influence of prime-target spacing. Acta Psychologica, 197, 94‑105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2019.05.009
Collins, R. N., Milliken, B., & Jamieson, R. K. (2020). MINERVA-DE : An instance model of the deficient processing theory. Journal of Memory and Language, 115, 104151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104151
Collins, R., Rosner, T., & Milliken, B. (2018). Remembering « primed » words : The effect of prime encoding demands. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72, 9‑23. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000138
Rosner, T. M., López-Benítez, R., D’Angelo, M. C., Thomson, D., & Milliken, B. (2018). Remembering “primed” words : A counter-intuitive effect of repetition on recognition memory. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale, 72(1), 24‑37. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000139
2021-06-25
2023-09-04
Dans certaines circonstances, un item présenté deux fois est moins bien reconnu qu'un item présenté qu’une seule fois.
Under certain circumstances, an item presented twice is less well recognized than an item presented only once.
Dans le paradigme de base utilisé pour mettre en évidence l’effet du décrément des répétitions, les chercheurs présentent aux participants des paires de mots. Le premier mot d’une paire (écrit en vert) sert d’amorce et le second est la cible (écrit en rouge). Pendant la première phase de l’expérience, les sujets sont invités à lire à haute voix uniquement les mots cibles. Dans certains cas, les mots dans les paires sont identiques (ALARM – ALARM), dans d’autres cas, ils sont différents (ALARM – BRICK). Les participants répondent ensuite à un test-surprise de reconnaissance dans lequel ils doivent distinguer les mots cibles de mots nouveaux. Les résultats indiquent que les mots répétés sont moins bien reconnus que les mots présentés une seule fois (Collins & Milliken, 2019).
In the basic paradigm for demonstrating the repetition decrement effect, researchers present participants with pairs of words. The first word in a pair is the prime (written in green) and the second is the target (written in red). During the first phase of the experiment, subjects are asked to read aloud only the target words. In some cases the words in the pairs are identical (ALARM - ALARM), in other cases they are different (ALARM - BRICK). Participants then take a surprise recognition test in which they have to distinguish target words from new words. The results indicate that repeated words are less well recognized than words presented only once (Collins & Milliken, 2019).
effet du décrément des répétitions
repetition decrement effect

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Thomson, D. M., & Tulving, E. (1970). Associative encoding and retrieval: Weak and strong cues. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 86(2), 255–262. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029997 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Tulving, E., & Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80(5), 352–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0020071 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Tulving, E., & Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encodage spécifique et processus de récupération en mémoire épisodique. Psychological Review, 80(5), 352–373. Traduit dans Nicolas, S., & Piolino, M. P. (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire: Fonctionnalisme et structuralisme (pp. 193-227). De Boeck Supérieur. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-03-15
principe de l'encodage spécifique
"Specific encoding operations performed on what is perceived determine what is stored, and what is stored determines what retrieval cues are effective in providing access to what is stored." (Tulving & Thompson, 1973, p. 369).
« Les opérations d'encodage spécifiques effectuées sur ce qui est perçu déterminent ce qui est stocké, et ce qui est stocké détermine quels indices de récupération sont efficaces pour donner accès à ce qui est stocké. » (Tulving & Thompson, 1973, p. 369).
Le principe de la spécificité de l’encodage suggère une dépendance entre le contexte d’encodage et le contexte de récupération des informations. La réinstallation d’un indice contextuel présent au moment de l’encodage pendant la phase de test de la mémoire améliore la récupération d’une information en mémoire.
The encoding specificity principle suggests a link between the encoding context and the retrieval context of information. The reinstatement of a contextual cue present at the time of encoding during the retrieval phase enhances the recovery of information from memory.

encodage spécifique
encoding specificity
spécificité de l'encodage
encoding specificity principle
principe de la spécificité de l'encodage

Frank Arnould
2022-05-11
Doss, M. K., Picart, J. K., & Gallo, D. A. (2018). The dark side of context: Context reinstatement can distort memory. Psychological Science, 29(6), 914–925. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797617749534 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Smith, S. M., & Vela, E. (2001). Environmental context-dependent memory: A review and meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8(2), 203–220. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196157 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: open]
2023-09-05
episodic context reinstatement
mental reinstatement of context
restauration du contexte épisodique
A memory aid that consists of mentally replacing oneself in the physical or emotional context of an event in order to facilitate its recollection.
Stratégie consistant pour la personne à se replacer mentalement dans le contexte physique ou émotionnel d'un événement pour en faciliter le souvenir.
La restauration mentale du contexte facilite généralement la récupération en mémoire d’événements vécus. Elle constitue l’une des aides mnémoniques de l’Entretien cognitif avec le témoin oculaire. Cependant, certains travaux indiquent qu’elle pourrait aussi exercer, dans certaines circonstances, une influence négative sur la mémoire (par exemple, Doss et al., 2018).
The mental context reinstatement generally facilitates the retrieval of experienced events. It is one of the mnemonic aids implemented in the Cognitive Interview with the eyewitness. However, under certain circumstances, the strategy may also exert a negative influence on memory (e.g., Doss et al., 2018).
mental context reinstatement
restauration mentale du contexte

Melis, V., Otgaar, H., Moldoveanu, M. G., Albuquerque, P. B., Shahvaroughi, A., Tormann, L., … Lipoff, E. (2022, April 27). Implanting false memory for repeated events : a New Method. https://osf.io/v6gu5
2022-09-02
Frank Arnould
Otgaar, H., Moldoveanu, G., Melis, V., & Howe, M. L. (2022). A new method to implant false autobiographical memories: Blind implantation. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(4), 580–586. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000028 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-06-15
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Implantation method of a false autobiographical memory. "participants received information that they experienced five events and that these events were selected because they previously indicated they experienced the events. Out of the five events, one was falsely suggested as being experienced, while actually the participants indicated that they did not experience it." (Otgaar et al., p. 583, 2022).
Méthode d'implantation d'un faux souvenir autobiographique. « Les participants reçoivent comme information qu'ils ont vécu cinq événements et que ces événements avaient été sélectionnés parce qu'ils avaient précédemment indiqué les avoir vécus. Sur les cinq événements, l'un d'entre eux a été faussement suggéré comme ayant été vécu, alors qu'en réalité les participants ont indiqué que ce n'était pas le cas. » (Otgaar et al., p. 583, 2022).
implantation aveugle
blind implantation method
méthode d'implantation aveugle

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (1974). Working memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 8, p. 47-89). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1
2017-12-04
2022-03-08
articulatory rehearsal process
boucle de récapitulation articulatoire
processus de répétition articulatoire
Dans le modèle de Baddeley de la mémoire de travail, la boucle articulatoire est un composant de la boucle phonologique. Elle est supposée permettre le rafraîchissement des informations en mémoire de travail (répétition mentale) ainsi que le recodage phonologique des informations verbales présentées visuellement. La mise en évidence de la boucle articulatoire repose notamment sur les effets de suppression articulatoire et de longueur du mot.
In Baddeley's model of working memory, the articulatory loop is a component of the phonological loop. It is thought to refresh information in working memory (mental rehearsal) and enable the phonological recoding of visually presented verbal information . The identification of the articulatory loop is based in particular on the articulatory suppression and word length effects.

articulatory loop
boucle articulatoire

Frank Arnould
Schmidt, S. R. (1991). Can we have a distinctive theory of memory? Memory & Cognition, 19(6), 523-542. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197149
2018-07-31
2023-04-03
effet de distinctivité intraliste
intralist distinctiveness effect
Distinctiveness effect that occurs when an item is distinctive from its immediate context.
Effet de distinctivité qui se manifeste quand un item se distingue par rapport à son contexte immédiat.
effet de distinctivité primaire
primary distinctiveness effect

Frank Arnould
Schmidt, S. R. (1991). Can we have a distinctive theory of memory? Memory & Cognition, 19(6), 523-542. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197149
2018-07-31
2023-04-03
effet de distinctivité extraliste
extralist distinctiveness effect
Distinctiveness effect that occurs when an item is distinctive from the knowledge stored in long-term memory.
Effet de distinctivité qui se manifeste quand un item se distingue par rapport aux connaissances stockées en mémoire à long terme.
effet de distinctivité secondaire
secondary distinctiveness effect

Frank Arnould
Brown, G. D. A., Neath, I., & Chater, N. (2007). A temporal ratio model of memory. Psychological Review, 114(3), 539-576. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.3.539
Neath, I., & Brown, G. D. A. (2006). SIMPLE: Further applications of a local distinctiveness model of memory. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 46, p. 201–243). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(06)46006-0
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Scale Independent Memory, Perception and Learning model
Scale Invariant Memory and Perceptual Learning model
A computational model of memory with local distinctiveness. In SIMPLE, information retrieval is independent of the time scale. Therefore, the model applies to both short-term and to long-term memory.
Modèle computationnel de la mémoire à distinctivité locale. Dans SIMPLE, la récupération des informations est indépendante de l'échelle temporelle. Les principes du modèle s'appliquent donc aussi bien à la récupération en mémoire à court terme qu'en mémoire à long terme.
SIMPLE model
modèle SIMPLE

Frank Arnould
Chee, Q. W., & Goh, W. D. (2018). What explains the von Restorff effect? Contrasting distinctive processing and retrieval cue efficacy. Journal of Memory and Language, 99, 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2017.11.002
Hunt, R. R. (1995). The subtlety of distinctiveness: What von Restorff really did. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2(1), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03214414
MacLeod, C. M. (2020). Zeigarnik and von Restorff: The memory effects and the stories behind them. Memory & Cognition, 48(6), 1073–1088. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01033-5
Restorff, H. von. (1933). Über die Wirkung von Bereichsbildungen im Spurenfeld. Psychologische Forschung, 18(1), 299–342. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02409636
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
effet d'isolement
isolation effect
Better memory for a distinctive item compared to the other items. This item is distinctive according to its immediate context (e.g. a word written in red among words written in black).
Effet montrant que la mémoire est meilleure pour un item qui se distingue des autres éléments à mémoriser. Cet élément se distingue ici des autres en fonction de son contexte immédiat (par exemple, un mot écrit en rouge par rapport aux autres mots écrits en noir).

effet von Restorff
von Restorff effect

Frank Arnould
Tulving, E., & Pearlstone, Z. (1966). Availability versus accessibility of information in memory for words. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5(4), 381–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80048-8
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Distinction indicating that information can be stored in memory (i.e., it is available) even though it may be, at least temporarily, inaccessible to the subject.
Distinction indiquant qu’une information peut être stockée en mémoire (elle est donc disponible) bien qu’elle puisse être, au moins temporairement, inaccessible pour le sujet.
accessibility/availability
accessibilité/disponibilité

Frank Arnould
Hart, J. T. (1965). Memory and the feeling-of-knowing experience. Journal of Educational Psychology, 56(4), 208‑216. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0022263
Souchay, C. (2013). Métamémoire et troubles de la mémoire : L’exemple du feeling-of-knowing. Revue de neuropsychologie, 5(4), 265‑272. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0282
2017-12-04
2022-04-04
FOK
sentiment de savoir
A metamemory judgment by which a subject predicts the possibility of recognizing an item that he or she was unable to recall.
Jugement métamnésique par lequel un sujet prédit la possibilité de reconnaitre un item qu'il n'a pas pu rappeler.
FOKs
feeling of knowing judgments
feelings of knowing
jugements de connaissance
feeling of knowing judgment
jugement de connaissance

Frank Arnould
Bilgin, E., Adıgüzel, Z., Göksun, T., & Gülgöz, S. (in press). The cost of changing language context: The language-dependent recall of fictional stories. Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-023-01415-5
Marian, V., & Fausey, C. M. (2006). Language-dependent memory in bilingual learning. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 20(8), 1025-1047. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1242
2017-12-04
2023-03-30
Bilingual people remember words or texts better when they are tested in the same language that was used during the presentation of the material.
Les personnes bilingues se souviennent mieux de mots ou de textes quand elles sont testées dans le même langage que celui qui a servi à la présentation du matériel.
language dependent memory
language-dependent memory
mémoire dépendante du langage

Frank Arnould
Friedman, W. J. (1993). Memory for the time of past events. Psychological Bulletin, 113(1), 44–66. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.113.1.44
2017-12-04
2022-08-24
mémoire de l'ordre temporel
mémoire du temps
souvenir temporel
temporal order memory
time memory
Generic term to designate any form of memory of temporal information (duration, temporal order, dating of an event, etc.).
Terme générique pour désigner toute forme de mémoire d'une information temporelle (durée, ordre temporel, datation d'un évènement...).
souvenirs temporels
temporal memories
mémoire temporelle
temporal memory

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Howe, M. L., Wimmer, M. C., Gagnon, N., & Plumpton, S. (2009). An associative-activation theory of children’s and adults’ memory illusions. Journal of Memory and Language, 60(2), 229-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2008.10.00 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Otgaar, H., Muris, P., Howe, M. L., & Merckelbach, H. (2017). What drives false memories in psychopathology? A case for associative activation. Clinical Psychological Science, 5(6), 1048–1069. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702617724424 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Merckelbach, H., & Muris, P. (2018). Who is the better eyewitness? Sometimes adults but at other times children. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(5), 378–385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721418770998 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Muris, P., & Merckelbach, H. (2019). Associative activation as a mechanism underlying false memory formation. Clinical Psychological Science, 7(2), 191–195. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702618807189 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
La théorie de l'activation associative (TAA) « propose que tout au long du développement, les individus acquièrent de nouvelles connaissances et apprennent de nouvelles informations. La conséquence en est que leur base de connaissances devient plus élaborée, plus interreliée et plus dense. Selon la TAA, une base de connaissances est constituée de nœuds interdépendants qui contiennent des représentations d'informations (par exemple, des souvenirs autobiographiques). Lorsqu'une personne fait l'expérience d'un événement, ces nœuds sont déclenchés par une activation associative. Les liens entre ces nœuds se renforceront et l'activation associative sera plus rapide et plus automatique au fur et à mesure du développement et de l'acquisition de nouvelles connaissances. La TAA postule qu'au cours du processus d'activation associative, des nœuds seront activés pour représenter des concepts d'information qui n'ont pas été réellement vécus, conduisant ainsi à la formation de faux souvenirs. » (Otgaar et al., 2017, p. 1052).
The associative activation theory (AAT) "proposes that throughout the course of development, people acquire new knowledge and learn new information. The consequence of this is that their knowledge base becomes more elaborated, interrelated, and dense. According to AAT, a knowledge base consists of interrelated nodes that contain representations of information (e.g., autobiographical memories). When someone experiences an event, these nodes will be triggered by associative activation. The links between these nodes will become stronger and associative activation will be faster and more automatic as development proceeds and new knowledge is acquired. AAT posits that during the process of associative activation, nodes will be activated that represent concepts of information that were not really experienced, thereby leading to the formation of false memories." (Otgaar et al., 2017, p. 1052). .
associative-activation theory
théorie de l'activation associative

Frank Arnould
Morris, C. D., Bransford, J. D., & Franks, J. J. (1977). Levels of processing versus transfer appropriate processing. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 16(5), 519–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(77)80016-9
Roediger, H., Weldon, M., & Challis, B. (1989). Explaining dissociations between implicit and explicit measures of retention: A processing account. In H. L. Roediger & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), Varieties of memory and consciousness: Essays in honor of Endel Tulving (pp. 3–41). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
2017-12-04
2022-05-16
principe du transfert approprié de processus
traitement approprié au transfert
transfer-appropriate processing
transfert approprié de processus
Principe selon lequel la mémoire est meilleure si le mode d’encodage et le mode de récupération des informations sont les mêmes (par exemple, un encodage des caractéristiques sémantiques des items et un test de récupération faisant appel à ces connaissances sémantiques).
Principle according to which memory is better if the mode of encoding and the mode of retrieval of information are the same (for example, encoding of the semantic characteristics of items and retrieval test using this semantic knowledge).

principe du traitement approprié au transfert
transfer-appropriate processing principle

2023-06-30
Frank Arnould
Demarchi, S., Py, J., Groud-Than, S., Parain, T., & Brunel, M. (2013). Describing a face without overshadowing effect : Another benefice of the Person Description Interview. Psychologie Française, 58(2), 123–133. doi:10.1016/j.psfr.2013.01.002 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Demarchi, S., & Py, J. (2009). A method to enhance person description : A field study. In R. Bull, T. Valentine, & T. Williamson (Eds.), Handbook of Psychology of Investigative Interviewing (pp. 241–256). Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-06-30
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
EDP
PDI
An interview used to elicit a more complete description of a face from memory, particularly from eyewitnesses, using two instructions: description of the person globally and then recalling specific elements (general to local instruction), followed by a description of the face from the bottom to the top (bottom-to-top instruction).
Méthode d'entretien permettant d'obtenir une description de mémoire plus complète d'un visage, en particulier pendant le recueil d'un témoignage oculaire, à l'aide de deux consignes : décription de la personne de manière globale puis spécifique, puis décription de son visage en partant vers le bas et en remontant vers le haut.
Entretien de description des personnes
Person Description Interview

Frank Arnould
Oppenheimer, D. M. (2008). The secret life of fluency. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12(6), 237–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2008.02.014
Undorf, M. (2020). Fluency illusions in metamemory. In A. M. Cleary & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Memory Quirks : The study of odd phenomena in memory (p. 150‑174). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429264498-12
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
cognitive fluency
fluence cognitive
Judgment of the ease or difficulty with which a cognitive task is performed.
Jugement de la facilité ou de la difficulté avec laquelle une tâche cognitive est réalisée.

fluence du traitement
processing fluency

Frank Arnould
Cubelli, R., & Della Sala, S. (2020). Definition : Implicit memory. Cortex, 125, 345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.01.011
Dew, I. T. Z., & Cabeza, R. (2011). The porous boundaries between explicit and implicit memory : Behavioral and neural evidence. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1224(1), 174‑190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05946.x
Graf, P., & Schacter, D. L. (1985). Implicit and explicit memory for new associations in normal and amnesic subjects. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11(3), 501-518. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.11.3.501
Hannula, D. E., Minor, G. N., & Slabbekoorn, D. (in press). Conscious awareness and memory systems in the brain. WIREs Cognitive Science, n/a(n/a), e1648. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1648
Nicolas, S. (1994). Réflexions autour du concept de mémoire implicite. L’Année Psychologique, 94(1), 63-79. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1994.28736
Roediger, H. L. I., Guynn, M. J., & Jones, T. C. (1994). Implicit memory: A tutorial review. In G. d’Ydewalle, P. Eelen, & P. Bertelson (Eds.), International perspectives on psychological science, Vol. 2: The state of the art. (1994-98095-004; pp. 67–94). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Schacter, D. L. (1987). Implicit memory: History and current status. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13(3), 501-518. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.13.3.501
Warrington, E. K., & Weiskrantz, L. (1970). Amnesic syndrome: Consolidation or retrieval? Nature, 228(5272), 628–630. https://doi.org/10.1038/228628a0
2017-12-04
2023-04-05
"A memory is defined implicit when the learned information is retrieved and used without awareness of remembering it and with no reference to the learning phase. Implicit memory refers to the retrieval phase and should not be confused with covert learning without formal instructions (e.g., statistical learning)." (Cubelli & Dalla Sala, 2020, p. 345).
« La mémoire est dite implicite lorsque l'information apprise est récupérée et utilisée sans conscience de s'en souvenir et sans référence à la phase d'apprentissage. La mémoire implicite fait référence à la phase de récupération et ne doit pas être confondue avec l'apprentissage implicite sans instructions formelles (par exemple, l'apprentissage statistique). » (Cubelli & Dalla Sala, 2020, p. 345).

implicit memory
mémoire implicite

Caron-Diotte, M., & de la Sablonnière, R. (2021, June 22). The malleability of collective memories: One year after the Tulip Revolution in Kyrgyzstan. https://osf.io/765cp/
Coman, A. (2018, December 18). Bridge ties bind collective memories. https://osf.io/fxky4/
Coman, A. (2019, May 8). An experimental study of the formation of collective memories in social networks. https://osf.io/epncq/
Hacibektaşoğlu, D. D. (2021, March 29). The Impact of Group Identity on the Interaction between Collective Memory and Collective Future Thinking Negativity: Evidence from a Turkish Sample. https://osf.io/3wyk9/
Szpunar, K. (2019, July 25). Shrikanth and Szpunar, 2019, personal and collective memory, data. https://osf.io/2t86b/
TESS-Experiments. (2021, October 21). Collective Memory and Autobiographical Memory: Bridging the Divide. https://osf.io/vhycz/
Frank Arnould
Barash, J. A. (2017). Collective memory. In S. Bernecker & K. Michaelian (Eds.), Routledge handbook of philosophy of memory (pp. 255–267). London: Routledge.
Bouchat, P., & Klein, O. (2019). Se souvenir ensemble : La mémoire collective à travers le prisme de la psychologie sociale. Cahiers de psychologie clinique, n° 53(2), 183‑204.
Burnell, R., Umanath, S., & Garry, M. (in press). Collective memories serve similar functions to autobiographical memories. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2154804
Gensburger, S., & Lefranc, S. (Eds.). (2023). La mémoire collective en question(s). Presses Universitaires de France.
Halbwachs, M. (1925). Les cadres sociaux de la mémoire. Alcan.
Halbwachs, M. (1950). La mémoire collective. Presses Universitaires de France.
Heux, L., Caparos, C., Souchay, C., Luciani, I., Tree, J., Granet-Abisset, A.-M., & Clifford, R. (2023). Étudier la mémoire collective en psychologie et en histoire. In I. Luciani & C. Souchay (Éds.), La mémoire à l’épreuve de l’interdisciplinarité : Sciences humaines et cognitives. (pp. 75–124). Presses Universitaires de Provence.
Hirst, W., & Manier, D. (2008). Towards a psychology of collective memory. Memory, 16(3), 183-200. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701811912
Hirst, W., Yamashiro, J. K., & Coman, A. (2018). Collective memory from a psychological perspective. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 22(5), 438–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2018.02.010
Laikhuram, P. (2022). Collective memory: Metaphor or real? Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12124-022-09683-7
Merck, C., & Hirst, W. (2022). Distinguishing collective memory and history: A community’s identity and history are derived from distinct sources. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(4), 598–609. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000029
Michaelian, K., & Perrin, D. (2023). La métaphysique de la mémoire collective. In I. Luciani & C. Souchay (Éds.), La mémoire à l’épreuve de l’interdisciplinarité : Sciences humaines et cognitives. (pp. 27–54). Presses Universitaires de Provence.
Rajaram, S. (2022). Collective memory and the individual mind. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 26(12), 1056‑1058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2022.09.014
Roediger, H. L., & DeSoto, K. A. (2015). Understanding the relation between confidence and accuracy in reports from memory. In D. S. Lindsay, C. M. Kelley, A. P. Yonelinas, & H. L. Roediger (Eds.), Remembering: Attributions, processes, and control in human memory: Papers in honor of Larry L. Jacoby (p. 347 - 367). Psychology Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Roediger, H. L. (2021). Three facets of collective memory. American Psychologist, 76(9), 1388‑1400. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000938
Wertsch, J. V., & III, H. L. R. (2008). Collective memory: Conceptual foundations and theoretical approaches. Memory, 16(3), 318-326. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701801434
2017-12-04
Heux, L., Rathbone, C., Gensburger, S., Clifford, R., & Souchay, C. (2023). Collective memory and autobiographical memory: Perspectives from the humanities and cognitive sciences, 14(3), e1635. WIREs Cognitive Science, e1635. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1635 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-07-26
mémoire sociale
social memory
souvenir collectif
Memories shared by a social group which contribute to its identity.
Souvenirs partagés par un groupe social et qui contribuent à son identité.
According to Hirst et al. (2018, p. 439): “Deﬁnitions of collective memory abound. Generally, they fall into two classes: one that treats collective memories as consisting of publicly available symbols maintained by society […], and another that deﬁnes collective memory as individual memories shared by members of a community that bear on the collective identity of that community.“
Selon Hirst et al. (2018, p. 439) : « Les déﬁnitions de la mémoire collective abondent. Généralement, elles se répartissent en deux classes : l'une qui aborde les souvenirs collectifs comme étant constitués de symboles publiquement disponibles et entretenus par la société [...], et l'autre qui définit la mémoire collective comme étant des souvenirs individuels partagés par les membres d'une communauté et qui portent sur l'identité collective de cette communauté. »

collective memories
mémoires collectives
social memories
souvenirs collectifs
collective memory
mémoire collective

Frank Arnould
Brown, N. R. (2016). Transition theory: A minimalist perspective on the organization of autobiographical memory. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5(2), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2016.03.005
Brown, N. R. (2023). Autobiographical memory and the self: A transition theory perspective. WIREs Cognitive Science, 14(3), e1621. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1621
Brown, N., Schweickart, O., & Svob, C. (2016). The effect of collective transitions on the organization and contents of autobiographical memory : A transition-theory perspective. The American Journal of Psychology, 129. https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.129.3.0259
Svob, C., Brown, N. R., Takšić, V., Katulić, K., & Žauhar, V. (2016). Intergenerational transmission of historical memories and social-distance attitudes in post-war second-generation Croatians. Memory & Cognition, 44(6), 846–855. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-016-0607-x
2020-06-26
2023-06-14
A theory on how historical events shape memory. "[...] memory is organized by events that signal or cause marked changes in the ordinary circumstances of daily life; such events are called transitions". (Svob et al., 2016, p. 848).
Théorie sur la manière dont des évènements historiques façonnent la mémoire. « [...] la mémoire est organisée par des événements qui indiquent ou provoquent des changements marquants dans les circonstances ordinaires de la vie quotidienne ; ces événements sont appelés des transitions. » (Svob et al., 2016, p. 848).
théorie de la transition
transition theory

Frank Arnould
Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1968). Human memory : A proposed system and its conrtol processes. In K. W. Spence & J. T. Spence (Éds.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 2, p. 89‑195). Academic Press. http://cogs.indiana.edu/FestschriftForRichShiffrin/pubs/1968%20Human%20Memory.%20Atkinson,%20Shiffrin.pdf
2017-12-04
2023-03-23

LTM
compartiment à long terme
delayed memory
long-term retention
long-term storage
long-term store
magasin à long terme
mémoire différée
mémoire permanente
mémoire secondaire
mémoire à distance
permanent memory
remote memory
rétention à long terme
secondary memory
souvenir à long terme
stockage à long terme
A storage system with theoretically unlimited capacity in which information is permanently held.
Système de stockage à capacité indéfinie, théoriquement illimitée, et dans lequel l'information est détenue de façon durable.

long term memories
long term memory
long term retention
long term storage
long term store
souvenirs à long terme
long-term memory
mémoire à long terme

Frank Arnould
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885). Über das Gedächtnis. Untersuchungen zur experimentellen Psychologie. Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot. http://archive.org/details/berdasgedchtnis01ebbigoog
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/1913). Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology. Columbia University. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Ebbinghaus/index.htm
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/2010). La mémoire : recherches de psychologie experimentale (trad. S. Nicolas). L'harmattan.
2017-12-04
2023-03-20
blocked learning
massed restudy
Type d’apprentissage sans périodes de repos entre les différents essais.
Type of learning without rest periods between trials.
apprentissage massé
massed learning

Hitchcock, C. (2020, September 18). Autobiographical Memory Flexibility in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. https://osf.io/9pxqw/
Hitchcock, C. (2021). Proof-of-concept for the autobiographical Memory Flexibility (MemFlex) intervention for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/U2HQF
Frank Arnould
Hitchcock, C., Smith, A. J., Elliott, R., O’Leary, C., Gormley, S., Parker, J., Patel, S. D., Esteves, C. V., Rodrigues, E., Hammond, E., Watson, P., Werner-Seidler, A., & Dalgleish, T. (2021). A randomized, controlled proof-of-concept trial evaluating durable effects of memory flexibility training (MemFlex) on autobiographical memory distortions and on relapse of recurrent major depressive disorder over 12 months. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 140, 103835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2021.103835
Moradi, A. R., Piltan, M., Choobin, M. H., Azadfallah, P., Watson, P., Dalgleish, T., & Hitchcock, C. (2021). Proof of concept for the Autobiographical Memory Flexibility (MemFlex) intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder. Clinical Psychological Science, 9(4), 686‑698. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702620982576
2021-08-07
2023-09-04
Autobiographical Memory Flexibility intervention
MemFlex
MemFlex
MemFlex vise à améliorer la récupération des souvenirs autobiographiques spécifiques et généraux et le passage flexible entre ces deux types de souvenirs. L’intervention cherche également à améliorer le biais mnésique de négativité associé à la dépression (d’après Hitchcock et al., 2021).
“MemFlex aims to improve retrieval of, and flexible movement between, both specific and general memory types. In addition, the intervention seeks to ameliorate the negative memory bias associated with depression.” (Hithcock et al., 2021, p. 2).
Memory Flexibility intervention
intervention sur la flexibilité mnésique

Frank Arnould
Davis, S. W., Wing, E. A., & Cabeza, R. (2018). Contributions of the ventral parietal cortex to declarative memory. In G. Vallar & H. B. Coslett (Eds.), Handbook of Clinical Neurology (Vol. 151, p. 525‑553). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63622-5.00027-9
2020-05-28
2023-03-14
VPC
cortex pariétal postérieur ventral
inferior parietal lobule
lobule parietal inférieur
lobule parietal inférieur ventral
ventral inferior parietal lobule
ventral posterior parietal cortex
Region of the posterior parietal cortex comprising the supramarginal gyrus and the angular gyrus.
Région du cortex pariétal postérieur comprenant le gyrus supramarginal et le gyrus angulaire.
cortex pariétal ventral
ventral parietal cortex

Frank Arnould
Dritschel, B. H., Williams, J. M. G., Baddeley, A. D., & Nimmo-Smith, I. (1992). Autobiographical fluency: A method for the study of personal memory. Memory & cognition, 20(2), 133–140. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197162
Rathbone, C. J., & Moulin, C. J. A. (2014). Measuring autobiographical fluency in the self-memory system. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 67(9), 1661-1667. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2014.913069
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
autobiographical verbal fluency task
tâche de ﬂuence verbale autobiographique
Méthode d'étude de la mémoire autobiographique. Pour différentes périodes de vie, les sujets sont invités à se remémorer des souvenirs autobiographiques épisodiques (événements vécus) et sémantiques (noms de personnes) en un temps donné. Cette tâche permet donc d'appréhender la facilité avec laquelle ces différents souvenirs reviennent à l'esprit.
Study method of autobiographical memory. For different periods of life, subjects are asked to recall autobiographical episodic (experienced events) and semantic (person names) memories in a given time. This task is used to assess the ease with which these memories come to mind.
autobiographical fluency tasks
tâches de fluence autobiographique
autobiographical fluency task
tâche de fluence autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Koppel, J., & Berntsen, D. (2015). The peaks of life: The differential temporal locations of the reminiscence bump across disparate cueing methods. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4(1), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2014.11.004
Koppel, J., & Berntsen, D. (2016). The reminiscence bump in autobiographical memory and for public events : A comparison across different cueing methods. Memory, 24(1), 44–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2014.985233
2019-09-23
2022-03-31
Method for studying autobiographical memory. Subjects are asked to report particularly significant memories from their lives.
Méthode d’étude de la mémoire autobiographique. Les sujets sont invités à rapporter des souvenirs de leur vie particulièrement significatifs.
important memories method
méthode des souvenirs importants

Frank Arnould
Enz, K. F., Pillemer, D. B., & Johnson, K. M. (2016). The relocation bump: Memories of middle adulthood are organized around residential moves. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 145(8), 935–940. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000188
2017-12-04
2021-06-30
Chez les adultes âgés, augmentation du nombre de souvenirs autobiographiques pour la période de leur vie au cours de laquelle un changement de domicile important est intervenu.
In older adults, increase in the number of autobiographical memories for the period of their life when an important change of residence occurred.
pic de relocalisation
relocation bump

Frank Arnould
Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2004). Cultural life scripts structure recall from autobiographical memory. Memory & Cognition, 32(3), 427–442. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03195836
Janssen, S., & Haque, S. (2015). Cultural life scripts in autobiographical memory. In E. Sheppard & S. Haque (Eds.), Culture and cognition : A collection of critical essays (p. 27–44). Peter Lang.
2017-12-04
2022-05-06
cultural life script
scénario de vie culturel
Dans le cadre de travaux sur la mémoire autobiographique, Berntsen et Rubin (2004) ont défini les scénarios de vie comme des représentations culturellement partagées et prototypiques de la succession temporelle des évènements majeurs de la vie.
In autobiographical memory, culturally-shared and prototypical representations of the temporal sequences of major life events.
cultural life scripts
life scripts
scénarios de vie
scénarios de vie culturels
life script
scénario de vie

Frank Arnould
Scott, L. S., & Fava, E. (2013). The own-species face bias: A review of developmental and comparative data. Visual Cognition, 21(9-10), 1364–1391. https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2013.821431
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
other-species effect
Biais indiquant que les personnes reconnaissent mieux les visages d’individus de leur propre espèce (par exemple, l’espèce humaine) que ceux d’une espèce différente (par exemple, des primates non humains).
Bias indicating that people recognize the faces of individuals from their own species (e.g. humans) better than those from a different species (e.g. non-human primates).
biais lié à l’espèce d’appartenance
own-species bias

Osth, A. F., & Farrell, S. (2018, August 2). Using response time distributions and race models to characterize primacy and recency effects in free recall initiation. https://osf.io/bkjqn
Frank Arnould
Glanzer, M., & Cunitz, A. R. (1966). Two storage mechanisms in free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5(4), 351‑360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(66)80044-0
Murdock, B. B. Jr. (1962). The serial position effect of free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 64(5), 482–488. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045106
2017-12-04
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-03-22
Activité interférente entre chaque présentation d’item : réduit l’effet
Amnésie antérograde : pas d'effet de primauté
Anterograde amnesia: no primacy effect
Association between items in the list: similar items accentuate the effect
Association entre éléments de la liste : les items similaires accentuent l’effet
Fréquence des mots : les mots communs accentuent l’effet comparativement aux mots rares
Imaginabilité des mots : Les mots qui sont plus faciles à visualiser mentalement renforcent l’effet
Interfering activity between each item presentation: decrease of the effect.
List length : the effect is reduced when the number of items in the list increases
Longueur de la liste : l’effet se réduit quand le nombre d’éléments dans la liste augmente
Presentation rate: the effect is reduced when the item presentation rate increases.
Type de rappel : en rappel sériel, l’effet de primauté est plus important que l’effet de récence
Type of recall: in serial recall, the primacy effect is larger than the recency effect.
Vitesse de présentation des items : l’effet se réduit quand la vitesse de présentation des items augmente
Word frequency: common words accentuate the effect compared to rare words
Word imaginability: words that are easier to visualize mentally enhance the effect.
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y
law of primacy
loi de primauté
principe de primauté
principle of primacy
Better memory for the first items in a list.
Meilleure mémoire pour les premiers items d'une liste.

effet de primauté
primacy effect

Frank Arnould
McCrary, J. W., & Hunter, W. S. (1953). Serial position curves in verbal learning. Science, 117(3032), 131–134. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.117.3032.131
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Hunter-McCrary law
loi de Hunter-McCrary
Hypothèse selon laquelle, quand la proportion d'erreurs pour chaque position sérielle dans une liste est utilisée comme mesure de l'apprentissage sériel, les courbes de position sérielle auraient toujours la même forme dans des conditions expérimentales différentes : le pourcentage d'erreurs est plus élevé pour les items en milieu de liste que pour les items placés en début ou en fin de liste.
The hypothesis that, when the proportion of errors for each serial position in the list is used as a measure of serial learning, serial position curves always have the same form in different experimental conditions: the percentage of errors is higher for the items in the middle of the list than for items placed at the beginning or end of the list.
Hunter-McCrary hypothesis
hypothèse de Hunter-McCrary

Frank Arnould
Brodie, D. A., & Murdock Jr., B. B. (1977). Effect of presentation time on nominal and functional serial-position curves of free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 16(2), 185-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(77)80046-7
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
A curve that represents the probability of recall of an item based on the position of the last rehearsal of that item by the subject.
Courbe montrant la probabilité de rappel d'un item en fonction de la position de la dernière répétition de cet item effectuée par le sujet.
courbe de position sérielle fonctionnelle
functional serial position curve

Frank Arnould
Kahana, M. J. (2012). Foundations of human memory. Oxford University Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
A curve representing the performance of the serial recall as a function of the position of the items in the study list when the serial recall is performed from the beginning to the end of the list.
Courbe indiquant la précision du rappel sériel en fonction de la position des items dans la liste d’étude quand le rappel sériel s’effectue du début vers la fin de la liste (effet de primauté et effet de récence).
courbe de position sérielle antérograde
forward serial position curve

Frank Arnould
Kahana, M. J. (2012). Foundations of human memory. Oxford University Press.
2017-12-04
2023-04-03
courbe de position sérielle à rebours
A curve showing the performance of the serial recall as a function of the position of the items in the study list when the serial recall is performed from the end to the beginning of the list.
Courbe indiquant la précision du rappel sériel en fonction de la position des items dans la liste d’étude quand le rappel sériel s’effectue de la fin vers le début de la liste. L’effet de récence est renforcé alors que l’effet de primauté est réduit.
backward serial position curves
courbes de position sérielle rétrograde
courbes de position sérielle à rebours
backward serial position curve
courbe de position sérielle rétrograde

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Task used to study the priming effect. Participants are asked to complete words with missing letters (e.g. M _ M _ _ Y). Nothing in the instructions suggests that the words to complete have been studied previously. In addition, a distractor task between the study phase and the test phase is introduced to prevent the mental rehearsal of the studied words, and to reduce the influence of explicit memory.
Tâche utilisée pour étudier les effets d'amorçage. Les participants sont invités à compléter des mots dont certaines lettres manquent (par exemple, M _ _ O _ _ E). Rien dans les consignes ne leur suggère que les mots à compléter ont pu être étudiés précédemment. De plus, une tâche distractrice est insérée entre la phase d'études et la phase de test pour empêcher la répétition mentale des mots étudiés, et pour réduire l'influence de la mémoire explicite.
tâche de complètement de mots fragmentés
word-fragment completion task

Frank Arnould
Warrington, E. K., & Weiskrantz, L. (1970). Amnesic syndrome: Consolidation or retrieval? Nature, 228(5272), 628–630. https://doi.org/10.1038/228628a0
2017-12-04
2022-03-16
Task used to study priming effects. The subject is presented with the first three letters of words and asked to complete them with the first word that comes to mind. Nothing in the instructions suggests that the words to complete have been studied previously.
Tâche utilisée pour étudier les effets d’amorçage. Le sujet est invité à compléter des mots, dont on lui présente seulement les trois premières lettres, avec le premier mot qui lui vient à l’esprit. Rien dans les consignes ne lui suggère que les mots à compléter ont pu être étudiés précédemment.
tâche de complètement de début de mots
word-stem completion task

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
dénomination
naming
A task involving naming a picture or word as quickly and accurately as possible. Used mainly as an indirect test of memory.
Tâche consistant à nommer une image ou un mot le plus rapidement et précisément possible. Utilisée principalement comme test indirect de la mémoire.
naming task
tâche de dénomination

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-05-18
Task used to study implicit memory. The subject is asked to identify a stimulus (word, image, etc.) presented in a degraded form.
Tâche utilisée pour étudier la mémoire implicite. Le sujet doit identifier un stimulus (mot, image...) qui lui est présenté sous une forme dégradée.
perceptual identification task
tâche d'identification perceptive

Frank Arnould
Koriat, A. (1981). Semantic facilitation in lexical decision as a function of prime-target association. Memory & Cognition, 9(6), 587–598. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202353
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
Form of associative priming when a word generated by verbal association by another word is used as a prime. For example, if the word LIGHT generates the word LAMP by free association, the backward priming will be to present LAMP before LIGHT.
Forme d'amorçage associatif dans lequel un mot généré par association verbale par un autre mot sert d'amorçe. Par exemple, si le mot LUMIERE génère par association verbale le mot LAMPE, la procédure d'amorçage à rebours consistera à présenter d'abord le mot LAMPE puis le mot LUMIERE.
backward priming effect
effet d'amorçage à rebours

Frank Arnould
Posner, M. I., & Snyder, C. R. R. (1975). Attention and cognitive control. In R. L. Solso (Ed.), Information Processing and Cognition: The Loyola Symposium (pp. 55-86). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Ratcliff, R., & McKoon, G. (1981). Automatic and strategic priming in recognition. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 20(2), 204–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90381-9
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
amorçage automatique
automatic priming
A priming effect based on automatic processes, i.e., unintentional, non-conscious, fast and insensitive to interference.
Amorçage reposant sur des traitements automatiques, c'est-à-dire, non intentionnels, rapides et non conscients et insensibles aux interférences.
amorçages automatiques
effets d'amorçage automatique
automatic priming effect
effet d'amorçage automatique

Frank Arnould
Mayr, S., & Buchner, A. (2007). Negative priming as a memory phenomenon: A review of 20 years of negative priming research. Zeitschrift für Psychologie/Journal of Psychology, 215(1), 35–51. https://doi.org/10.1027/0044-3409.215.1.35
Tipper, S. P. (1985). The negative priming effect: Inhibitory priming by ignored objects. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 37(4), 571–590. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640748508400920
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
amorçage négatif
negative priming
Observation du ralentissement du temps de réaction lorsqu’une réponse est demandée à un stimulus que le sujet a dû ignorer dans une phase antérieure.
Reaction time slowing when a response is required to a stimulus that the subject was asked to ignore in an earlier phase of the experiment.

amorçages négatifs
effet d'amorçage négatif
negative priming effect

Frank Arnould
Drews, E. (1996). Morphological priming. Language and Cognitive Processes, 11(6), 629‑634. https://doi.org/10.1080/016909696387033
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
amorçage morphologique
morphological priming
Facilitation of the processing of a word by the prior presentation of another word that is morphologically related.
Type d'amorçage se manifestant par la facilitation du traitement d’un mot par la présentation préalable d’un autre mot qui lui est lié morphologiquement (par exemple, amorce « chanteur » et item-cible « chant »).
amorçages morphologiques
effet d'amorçage morphologique
morphological priming effect

Frank Arnould
Bock, K., Dell, G. S., Chang, F., & Onishi, K. H. (2007). Persistent structural priming from language comprehension to language production. Cognition, 104(3), 437–458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2006.07.003
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
amorçage structural
amorçage syntaxique
persistance structurale
persistance syntaxique
structural persistence
structural priming
syntactic persistence
syntactic priming
A phenomenon that occurs when exposure to a sentence influences the production or comprehension of another sentence with the same syntactic structure. For example, after hearing a sentence, speakers tend to produce a sentence with the same grammatical form.
Phénomène se manifestant quand l'exposition à une phrase influence la production ou la compréhension d'une phrase suivante qui partage la même structure syntaxique. Par exemple, après avoir entendu une phrase, les locuteurs ont tendance à produire ensuite une phrase ayant la même forme grammaticale.
amorçages structuraux
amorçages syntaxiques
effet d'amorçage syntaxique
syntactic priming effect

Frank Arnould
Ratcliff, R., & McKoon, G. (1981). Automatic and strategic priming in recognition. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 20(2), 204–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90381-9
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
amorçage stratégique
strategic priming
Amorçage sous le contrôle de processus attentionnels, intentionnels, lents et conscients.
Priming under the control of attentional, intentional, slow and conscious processes.
amorçages stratégiques
strategic priming effects
effet d'amorçage stratégique
strategic priming effect

Frank Arnould
Meyer, D. E., Schvaneveldt, R. W., & Ruddy, M. G. (1974). Functions of graphemic and phonemic codes in visual word-recognition. Memory & Cognition, 2(2), 309–321. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03209002
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
amorçage phonologique
phonological priming
Type d’amorçage se manifestant quand la présentation préalable d’un mot facilite ensuite le traitement d’un autre mot qui lui est phonologiquement proche (comparativement à un autre mot qui lui est phonologiquement différent).
Type of priming during which the prior presentation of a word facilitates the processing of another word which is phonologically related (compared to another word which is phonologically different).
amorçages phonologiques
effet d'amorçage phonologique
phonological priming effect

Frank Arnould
Carr, T. H., McCauley, C., Sperber, R. D., & Parmelee, C. M. (1982). Words, pictures, and priming: On semantic activation, conscious identification, and the automaticity of information processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 8(6), 757–777. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.8.6.757
Dell’Acqua, R., & Grainger, J. (1999). Unconscious semantic priming from pictures. Cognition, 73(1), B1-B15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-0277(99)00049-9
Holender, D. (1986). Semantic activation without conscious identification in dichotic listening, parafoveal vision, and visual masking: A survey and appraisal. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 9(01), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00021269
McCauley, C., Parmelee, C. M., Sperber, R. D., & Carr, T. H. (1980). Early extraction of meaning from pictures and its relation to conscious identification. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 6(2), 265–276. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.6.2.265
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
amorçage inconscient
amorçage subliminal
subliminal priming
unconscious priming
A priming effect that occurs when the prime is not consciously perceived.
Effet d'amorçage apparaissant quand l'amorce est présentée sans que le sujet n'en soit conscient.
amorçages inconscients
amorçages subliminaux
effet d'amorçage inconscient
unconscious priming effect

Frank Arnould
Wiggs, C. L., & Martin, A. (1998). Properties and mechanisms of perceptual priming. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 8(2), 227–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-4388(98)80144-X
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
amorçage perceptif
perceptual priming
Type d’amorçage basé sur les relations perceptives entre le stimulus servant d’amorce et le stimulus cible.
Type of priming based on the perceptual relations between the prime and the target stimulus.

amorçages perceptifs
effet d'amorçage perceptif
perceptual priming effect

Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Zeelenberg, R., Dijkstra, K., & Paolacci, G. (2017, July 26). Does Repeated Participation Affect Effect Size? An Analysis of 9 Cognitive Psychological Experiments. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/GHV6M
Frank Arnould
Forbach, G. B., Stanners, R. F., & Hochhaus, L. (1974). Repetition and practice effects in a lexical decision task. Memory & Cognition, 2(2), 337‑339. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03209005
Forster, K. I., & Davis, C. (1984). Repetition priming and frequency attenuation in lexical access. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 10(4), 680‑698. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.10.4.680
Kristjánsson, Á., & Campana, G. (2010). Where perception meets memory: A review of repetition priming in visual search tasks. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 72(1), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.3758/APP.72.1.5
Lee, S.-M., Henson, R. N., & Lin, C.-Y. (2020). Neural correlates of repetition priming : A coordinate-based meta-analysis of fRMI studies. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.565114
2017-12-04
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-04-19
Fréquence des mots : dans une tâche de décision lexicale, l'effet d'amorçage par répétition est plus important pour les mots de faible fréquence que pour les mots de fréquence élevée (Forster & Davis, 1984).
Word frequency: In a lexical decision task, the repetition priming effect is larger for low-frequency words than for high-frequency words (Forster & Davis, 1984).
Zwaan, R. A., Pecher, D., Paolacci, G., Bouwmeester, S., Verkoeijen, P., Dijkstra, K., & Zeelenberg, R. (2018). Participant Nonnaiveté and the reproducibility of cognitive psychology. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(5), 1968‑1972. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1348-y
amorçage direct
amorçage par identité
amorçage par répétition
direct priming
identity priming
repetition priming
Type d’amorçage durant lequel le traitement initial d’un stimulus facilite son traitement ultérieur.
Type of priming during which the initial processing of a stimulus facilitates its subsequent processing.

amorçages directs
amorçages par identité
amorçages par répétition
effets d'amorçage par répétition
repetition priming effects
effet d'amorçage par répétition
repetition priming effect

Frank Arnould
Faust, M. E., Balota, D. A., & Spieler, D. H. (2001). Building episodic connections: Changes in episodic priming with age and dementia. Neuropsychology, 15(4), 626–637. https://doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.15.4.626
McKoon, G., & Ratcliff, R. (1979). Priming in episodic and semantic memory. Journal of Verbal Learning & Verbal Behavior, 18(4), 463–480. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(79)90255-X
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
amorçage épisodique
episodic priming
Type d’amorçage qui correspond à une facilitation de la réponse à un item cible quand cet item a été couplé de façon répétée à un même stimulus par rapport à la réponse à un item qui a été présenté de façon répétée, mais associé chaque fois avec un stimulus différent.
Type of priming, which corresponds to the facilitation of the response to a target item after the item has been repeatedly coupled to the same stimuli as compared with the response to an item that has been presented repeatedly, but associated each time with a different stimulus.
amorçages épisodiques
effet d'amorçage épisodique
episodic priming effect

Frank Arnould
Hutchison, K. A. (2003). Is semantic priming due to association strength or feature overlap? A microanalytic review. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 10(4), 785‑813. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196544
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
amorçage associatif
associative priming
Facilitation du traitement d'un mot par la présentation préalable d'un autre mot associé (sur la base de normes associatives).
Facilitation of processing of a word by prior presentation of another word that is associatively related (on the basis of associative norms).

associative priming effect
effet d'amorçage associatif

Frank Arnould
Schacter, D. L. (1990). Perceptual representation systems and implicit memory. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 608(1), 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb48909.x
Tulving, E., & Schacter, D. L. (1990). Amorçage et systèmes de la mémoire humaine. Science, 247(4940), 301–306. Traduit dans S. Nicolas & P. Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire humaine (pp. 147-167). De Boeck.
Tulving, E., & Schacter, D. L. (1990). Priming and human memory systems. Science, 247(4940), 301–306. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.2296719
2017-12-04
2022-03-29
Memory system theorized by Tulving and Schacter (1990), which is thought to account for object or word perceptual priming effects. According to the authors, this system is involved in perceptual identification of objects and words, but without reference to their meaning. The system is supposed to work in close collaboration with semantic memory and other systems.
Système de la mémoire théorisé par Tulving et Schacter (1990) qui permettrait notamment de rendre compte des effets d'amorçage perceptif d'objets ou de mots. Selon les auteurs, ce système est impliqué dans l'identification perceptive des objets et des mots, mais sans référence à leur signification. Aussi le PRS est supposé collaborer étroitement avec la mémoire sémantique et d'autres systèmes.
perceptual representation system
système de représentations perceptives

Frank Arnould
Squire, L. R. (1992). Declarative and nondeclarative memory: Multiple brain systems supporting learning and memory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 4(3), 232–243. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1992.4.3.232
2017-12-04
2022-03-29
Memory system proposed by Squire including skills (perceptual, motor, cognitive) and habits, priming, simple classical conditioning, and non-associative learning.
Système de la mémoire proposé par Squire comprenant les habiletés (perceptives, motrices, cognitives) et habitudes, l'amorçage, les conditionnements classiques simples et les apprentissages non associatifs.

nondeclarative memory
mémoire non déclarative
non-declarative memory

Frank Arnould
Johns, B. T., Jones, M. N., & Mewhort, D. J. K. (2012). A synchronization account of false recognition. Cognitive Psychology, 65(4), 486‑518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2012.07.002
Johns, B. T., Jones, M. N., & Mewhort, D. J. K. (2019). Using experiential optimization to build lexical representations. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(1), 103‑126. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1501-2
Johns, B. T., Jones, M. N., & Mewhort, D. J. K. (2021). A continuous source reinstatement model of true and false recollection. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 75(1), 1‑18. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000237
2021-08-10
2023-09-04
A computational model of true and false recognition that ”[…] uses plausible semantic representations for words, built through exposure to a linguistic corpus. A study list is encoded in the model as a gist trace, similar to the proposal of fuzzy trace theory […].The model uses a decision process based on the principles of neural synchronization and information accumulation. The decision process operates by synchronizing a probe with the gist trace of a study context, allowing information to be accumulated about whether the word did or did not occur on the study list, and the efficiency of synchronization determines recognition.“ (Jones et al., 2012, p. 486).
Modèle computationnel des vraies et fausses reconnaissances. Il « […] utilise des représentations sémantiques plausibles pour les mots, construites à partir d’un corpus linguistique. Une liste d’étude est codée dans le modèle comme une trace contenant son sens général, similaire à la proposition de la théorie des traces floues […]. Le modèle utilise un processus de décision basé sur les principes de synchronisation neuronale et d’accumulation d’informations. Le processus de décision fonctionne en synchronisant une sonde avec la trace générale d’un contexte d’étude, ce qui permet d’accumuler de l’information sur le fait que le mot a ou n’a pas été présent dans la liste d’étude, et l’efficacité de la synchronisation détermine la reconnaissance. » (Jones et al., 2012, p. 486).
Recognition through Semantic Synchronization model
modèle de la reconnaissance par synchronisation sémantique

Frank Arnould
Arndt, J., & Hirshman, E. (1998). True and false recognition in MINERVA2: Explanations from a global matching perspective. Journal of Memory and Language, 39(3), 371–391. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1998.2581
Hintzman, D. L. (1984). MINERVA 2 : A simulation model of human memory. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 16(2), 96‑101. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202365
Hintzman, D. L. (1986). « Schema abstraction » in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review, 93(4), 411‑428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.93.4.411
Hintzman, D. L. (1988). Judgments of frequency and recognition memory in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological review, 95(4), 528. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.95.4.528
Nick Reid, J., & Jamieson, R. K. (2023). True and false recognition in MINERVA 2: Extension to sentences and metaphors. Journal of Memory and Language, 129, 104397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2022.104397
Tiberghien, G. (1997). La Mémoire oubliée. Mardaga.
2017-12-04
2023-03-20
Modèle de simulation de la mémoire épisodique développé par le psychologue Douglas Hintzman (Hintzman, 1984, 1986, 1988). Le contenu de la mémoire est composé uniquement de traces épisodiques, mais à partir desquelles peuvent être dérivés des concepts abstraits.
Simulation model of episodic memory designed by psychologist Douglas Hintzmann (Hintzmann 1984, 1986, 1988). Memory is composed of only episodic traces, from which abstract concepts are derived.
MINERVA 2
MINERVA 2

Frank Arnould
2021-09-07
Roediger III, H.L., H., Balota, D., & Watson, J. (2001). Spreading activation and arousal of false memories. In H. L. Roediger III, J. S. Nairne, & I. Neath (Eds.), The nature of remembering: Essays in honor of Robert G. Crowder (pp. 95–115). American Psychological Association Press. https://doi.org/10.1037/10394-006 [Document type: literature review, empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-04
AMF
activation-monitoring account
activation/monitoring framework
théorie de l’association-monitorage
A theory of spontaneous false memories, such as those observed in the DRM paradigm. The theory postulates the existence of two interacting processes: an activation process (studied items activate associated but unstudied items in memory) and a source-monitoring process of memories.
Théorie des faux souvenirs spontanés, comme ceux observés dans le paradigme DRM. La théorie suppose l’existence de deux processus en interaction : un processus d’activation (les éléments étudiés activent en mémoire des éléments associés, mais non étudiés) et un processus de surveillance de la source des souvenirs.
associative-monitoring account
associative-monitoring theory
association-monitoring theory
théorie de l’association-surveillance

Karpicke, J. D., McCabe, D. P., & Roediger, H. L. (2008). False memories are not surprising : The subjective experience of an associative memory illusion. Journal of Memory and Language, 58(4), 1065‑1079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2007.12.004
Whittlesea, B. W. A. (2002). False memory and the discrepancy-attribution hypothesis : The prototype-familiarity illusion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131(1), 96‑115. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.131.1.96
Whittlesea, B. W. A., & Williams, L. D. (1998). Why do strangers feel familiar, but friends don’t? A discrepancy-attribution account of feelings of familiarity. Acta Psychologica, 98(2‑3), 141‑165. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-6918(97)00040-1
Whittlesea, B. W. A., & Williams, L. D. (2000). The source of feelings of familiarity : The discrepancy-attribution hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26(3), 547‑565. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.26.3.547
Whittlesea, B. W. A., & Williams, L. D. (2001a). The discrepancy-attribution hypothesis : II. Expectation, uncertainty, surprise, and feelings of familiarity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(1), 14‑33. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.1.14
Whittlesea, B. W. A., & Williams, L. D. (2001b). The discrepancy-attribution hypothesis : I The heuristic basis of feelings and familiarity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27(1), 3‑13. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.1.3
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-24
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
discrepancy-attribution account
Hypothèse visant à « expliquer la source des sentiments de familiarité. Selon cette hypothèse, les personnes évaluent chroniquement la cohérence de leur traitement des informations. Lorsque la qualité du traitement est perçue comme divergente de celle à laquelle elles pourraient s'attendre, les personnes s'engagent dans un processus d'attribution ; le sentiment de familiarité se produit lorsque la divergence perçue est attribuée à une expérience antérieure. » (Whittlesea & Williams, 2001b, p. 3).
The hypothesis to "explain the source of feelings of familiarity. By that hypothesis, people chronically evaluate the coherence of their processing. When the quality of processing is perceived as being discrepant from that which could be expected, people engage in an attributional process; the feeling of familiarity occurs when perceived discrepancy is attributed to prior experience." (Whittlesea & Williams, 2001b, p. 3).
discrepancy-attribution hypothesis
hypothèse d'attribution de la divergence

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-05-25
BAS
force associative rétrograde
force associative à rebours
relation associative ascendante
Capacité d’un souvenir à susciter un souvenir qui l’a précédé. Dans un tâche d'association verbale, fréquence avec laquelle un mot a induit en retour le mot qui l'a généré par association vers l'avant.
The ability of a memory to elicit a memory that preceded it. In a verbal association task, the frequency with which a word induces in return the word that generated it by a forward association.
backward associative strengths
forces associatives ascendantes
forces associatives rétrogrades
forces associatives à rebours
backward associative strength
force associative ascendante

Frank Arnould
Carneiro, P., Fernandez, A., & Dias, A. R. (2009). The influence of theme identifiability on false memories: Evidence for age-dependent opposite effects. Memory & Cognition, 37(2), 115–129. https://doi.org/10.3758/MC.37.2.115
Carneiro, P., Fernandez, A., Diez, E., Garcia-Marques, L., Ramos, T., & Ferreira, M. B. (2012). “Identify-to-reject”: A specific strategy to avoid false memories in the DRM paradigm. Memory & Cognition, 40(2), 252–265. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-011-0152-6
2022-04-05
2023-09-04
identify-to-reject strategy
Dans une tâche de type DRM, identification de l’absence du mot thème dans une liste pendant la phase d’étude et utilisation de cette information pour rejeter un faux souvenir pendant la phase de test (Carneiro et al., 2009, p. 116).
In a DRM-type task, the absence of the word theme in a list is identified during the study phase and this information is used to reject a false memory during the test phase (Carneiro et al., 2009, p. 116).
identify to reject strategies
identify to reject strategy
identify-to-reject strategies
identifier pour rejeter
identify-to-reject process

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
force associative vers l’avant
relation associative descendante
Niveau d'association entre un souvenir et un autre souvenir qui lui a succédé. Dans une tâche d’association verbale, fréquence d'association entre un mot et les mots qu'il a permis d'évoquer.
The level of association between a memory and another memory that followed it. In a verbal association task, the frequency of association between a word and the words it evokes.
forces associatives descendantes
forces associatives descendantes
forces associatives vers l’avant
forward associative strengths
relations associatives descendantes
force associative descendante
forward associative strength

Frank Arnould
Maurer, D., Grand, R. L., & Mondloch, C. J. (2002). The many faces of configural processing. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(6), 255-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01903-4
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
sensibilité aux relations de premier ordre
sensitivity to first-order relations
Mode de traitement des informations utilisé dans la perception et la reconnaissance des visages reposant sur la prise en compte du fait qu'un visage est composé de deux yeux placés au-dessus d'un nez, ce dernier étant placé au-dessus de la bouche.
Mode of information processing involved in face perception and recognition, based on the fact that a face is composed of two eyes placed above a nose and a nose above a mouth.
first-order relational processing
traitement des relations de premier ordre

Frank Arnould
Brod, G., & Shing, Y. L. (n.d.). Are there age-related differences in the effects of prior knowledge on learning? Insights gained from the memory congruency effect. Mind, Brain, and Education, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1111/mbe.12320
Brod, G., Werkle-Bergner, M., & Shing, Y. L. (2013). The influence of prior knowledge on memory: A developmental cognitive neuroscience perspective. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00139
2017-12-04
2022-04-06
connaissances antérieures
Expression désignant les connaissances (schémas, scénarios…) que le sujet possède et qui influencent la mémoire de nouvelles informations.
Term for knowledge (schemas, scripts, etc.) possessed by a subject that influence the memory of new information.
connaissances pré-existantes
prior knowledge

Popov, V., & Reder, L. M. (2020). Frequency effects on memory: A resource-limited theory. Psychological Review, 127(1), 1–46. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000161
Reder, L. M., Nhouyvanisvong, A., Schunn, C. D., Ayers, M. S., Angstadt, P., & Hiraki, K. (2000). A mechanistic account of the mirror effect for word frequency: A computational model of remember–know judgments in a continuous recognition paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26(2), 294–320. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.26.2.294
Schunn, C. D., Reder, L. M., Nhouyvanisvong, A., Richards, D. R., & Stroffolino, P. J. (1997). To calculate or not to calculate: A source activation confusion model of problem familiarity’s role in strategy selection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23(1), 3–29. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.23.1.3
2023-03-31
Frank Arnould
2023-03-31
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
SAC
SAC
SAC model
Source of Activation Confusion
Source of Activation Confusion theory
modèle SAC
"SAC (Source Activation Confusion) implements a spreading activation theory in which semantic and episodic memory traces are represented as localist nodes in a network. In SAC, memory strength is a continuous value stored within nodes and the links between them; this strength increases through practice and decays with time. The strength of semantic and episodic nodes lead to two different signals, familiarity and recollection, which puts SAC in the class of dual-process models." (Popov et Reder, 2020, p. 2).
« SAC (Source Activation Confusion) implémente une théorie de la diffusion de l’activation dans laquelle les traces mnésiques épisodiques et sémantiques sont représentées par des nœuds locaux dans un réseau. Dans SAC, la force d’un souvenir est une valeur continue stockée dans les nœuds et dans les liens entre eux. ; cette force s’accroît par la pratique et décline avec le temps. La force des nœuds épisodiques et sémantiques conduit vers deux signaux, la recollection et la familiarité, ce qui place SAC dans la classe des modèles à double processus. » (Popov et Reder, 2020, p. 2).
Source of Activation Confusion model
modèle de la source de confusion de l'activation

Frank Arnould
Kılıç, A., & Öztekin, I. (2014). Retrieval dynamics of the strength based mirror effect in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 76, 158-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2014.06.009
Starns, J. J., White, C. N., & Ratcliff, R. (2010). A direct test of the differentiation mechanism: REM, BCDMEM, and the strength-based mirror effect in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 63(1), 18–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2010.03.004
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
"In recognition memory, when a list of items is strengthened via increasing the number of repetitions or manipulations during encoding, the probability to correctly endorse targets (hit rate) increase and the probability to incorrectly endorse foils (false alarm rate) decrease" (Kılıç et Öztekin, 2014, p. 158).
Dans un test de reconnaissance, augmentation des reconnaissances correctes et baisse des fausses alarmes des items d’une liste qui a bénéficié d’un encodage renforcé (par exemple, un nombre plus important de répétitions).
effet miroir basé sur la force
strength-based mirror effect

Frank Arnould
Malmberg, K. J., & Nelson, T. O. (2003). The word frequency effect for recognition memory and the elevated-attention hypothesis. Memory & Cognition, 31(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196080
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Hypothèse proposée pour expliquer l'effet de fréquence en reconnaissance : les sujets alloueraient plus d'attention aux mots de faible fréquence ce qui expliquerait pourquoi ceux-ci sont mieux reconnus que les mots de haute fréquence.
The hypothesis proposed to explain the frequency effect in recognition: subjects are thought to allocate more attention to low-frequency words which would explain why these words are better recognized than high-frequency words.
elevated-attention hypothesis
hypothèse de l'attention élevée

Frank Arnould
Patel, A., Biso, G. M. N. R., & Fowler, J. B. (2022). Neuroanatomy, Temporal Lobe. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519512/
2018-08-03
2022-03-28
cortex temporal
région temporale
temporal cortex
temporal region
A brain lobe “located mainly in the middle cranial fossa, a space located close to the skull base. It is anterior to the occipital lobe and posterior to the frontal lobe. It is found inferior to the lateral fissure, also known as the Sylvian fissure or the lateral sulcus.“ (Patel et al., 2022).
Lobe cérébral « situé principalement dans la fosse crânienne moyenne, un espace situé près de la base du crâne. Il est antérieur au lobe occipital et postérieur au lobe frontal. Il se trouve en dessous de la fissure latérale, également connue sous le nom de fissure sylvienne ou de sillon latéral. » (Patel et al., 2022).

lobes temporaux
régions temporales
temporal lobes
temporal regions
lobe temporal
temporal lobe

Frank Arnould
Hurlstone, M. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2014). Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 339–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034221
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
positional clustering
regroupement positionnel
Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, tendance que présentent les erreurs de transposition à se grouper autour des positions correctes des items.
In a serial recall task, tendency of transposition errors to cluster around the correct positions of items.
contrainte locale
locality constraint

Frank Arnould
Hurlstone, M. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2014). Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 339–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034221
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, erreur de transposition consistant à rappeler un item avant sa position correcte.
In a serial recall task, a transposition error when a item is recalled before its correct position.
anticipation errors
erreurs d'anticipation
anticipation error
erreur d'anticipation

Frank Arnould
Hurlstone, M. J., Hitch, G. J., & Baddeley, A. D. (2014). Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 339–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034221
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Dans une tâche de rappel sériel, erreur de transposition consistant à rappeler un item après sa position correcte.
In a serial recall task, a transposition error when an item is recalled after its correct position.
erreur de report
postponement error

Fan, T. (2021, September 10). The Contribution of Metamemory Beliefs to the Font Size Effect on Judgments of Learning: Is Word Frequency a Moderating Factor? doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/D894V
Fukuda, K., Saito, J. M., & Kolisnyk, M. (2021, December 22). Judgments of Learning Reveal Conscious Access to Stimulus Memorability. https://osf.io/qrxs3/
Hu, X. (2020, April 15). Using Multilevel Mediation Model to Measure the Contribution of Beliefs to Judgments of Learning. https://osf.io/dsnj6/
Kelley, T., & Davis, T. (2020, November 20). Neural Evidence for Retrieval Attempts During Delayed Judgments of Learning. https://osf.io/a89tu/
Li, B. (2021, February 3). Soliciting Judgments of Forgetting Reactively Enhances Memory as Well as Making Judgments of Learning: Empirical and Meta-Analytic Tests. https://osf.io/6j9xf/
Mendes, P. S., Luna, K., & Albuquerque, P. B. (2020, June 2). Experience matters: Effects of (in)congruent prompts about word frequency on judgments of learning. https://osf.io/tkzph/
Mendes, P. S., Luna, K., & Albuquerque, P. B. (2020, September 30). Word frequency effects on judgments of learning: More than just beliefs. https://osf.io/uyh9z/
Myers, S. J., Rhodes, M., & Hausman, H. E. (2019, November 2). Judgments of Learning (JOLs) Selectively Improve Memory Depending on the Type of Test. https://osf.io/ew5z2/
Putnam, A. L., DeSoto, K. A., Dehkes, P., Gilmore, G., & Deng, W. (2021, November 16). Are retrospective confidence ratings better predictors of future performance than judgments of learning? Experiment 3. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/VE6Y8
Tekin, E. (2021, February 26). The Effect of Delayed Judgments of Learning on Retention. https://osf.io/yaguz/
Undorf, M., Dr., S.-M. K. J., & Amaefule, C. O. (2020, January 29). The neurocognitive basis of metamemory: Using the N400 to study the contribution of fluency to judgments of learning. https://osf.io/wp2xy/
Zimdahl, M. F., & Undorf, M. (2021, April 20). Hindsight bias in metamemory: outcome knowledge influences the recollection of judgments of learning (JOLs). https://osf.io/6jpcy/
Frank Arnould
Arbuckle, T. Y., & Cuddy, L. L. (1969). Discrimination of item strength at time of presentation. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 81(1), 126–131. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027455
Double, K. S., Birney, D. P., & Walker, S. A. (2018). A meta-analysis and systematic review of reactivity to judgements of learning. Memory, 26(6), 741–750. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1404111
Narens, L., Nelson, T. O., & Scheck, P. (2008). Memory monitoring and delayed JOL effect. In J. Dunlovsky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Hanbook of Metamemory and Memory. Psychology Press.
Nelson, T. O., Narens, L., & Dunlosky, J. (2004). A revised methodology for research on metamemory : Pre-Judgment Recall and Monitoring (PRAM). Psychological Methods, 9(1), 53‑69. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.9.1.53
Rhodes, M. G. (2016). Judgments of learning: Methods, data, and theory. In J. Dunlosky & S.K.Tauber (Eds.),The Oxford handbook of metamemory (pp. 65–80). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/ oxfordhb/9780199336746.013.4
2017-12-04
2023-07-27
JOL
Jugement métamnésique « par lequel les participants indiquent la probabilité qu'ils se souviendront du matériel appris lors d'un test futur » (Double et al., 2018, p. 741).
Metamemory judgment "whereby participants indicate the likelihood that they will recall learnt material on a future test" (Double et al., 2018, p. 741).
JOLs
judgement of learning
judgements of learning
judgments of learning
jugements d'apprentissage
judgment of learning
jugement d'apprentissage

Frank Arnould
Kornell, N., & Bjork, R. A. (2009). A stability bias in human memory: Overestimating remembering and underestimating learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138(4), 449-468. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017350
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Jugement métamnésique consistant à prédire la probabilité de rappel d'un item si celui-ci bénéficie d'un, deux, trois ou quatre essais d'apprentissage supplémentaires.
Metamemory judgment consisting of predicting the probability of recall of an item with one, two, three or four additional learning trials.
predictions of learning
prédictions d'apprentissage
prediction of learning
prédiction d'apprentissage

Frank Arnould
Benjamin, A. S., & Diaz, M. (2008). Measurement of relative metamnemonic accuracy. In J. Dunlosky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Handbook of metamemory and memory (pp. 73–94). Psychology Press.
Kubik, V., Jemstedt, A., Eshratabadi, H. M., Schwartz, B. L., & Jönsson, F. U. (2022). The underconfidence-with-practice effect in action memory: The contribution of retrieval practice to metacognitive monitoring. Metacognition and Learning, 17(2), 375–398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-021-09288-2
2022-04-06
2023-09-04
exactitude métacognitive relative
exactitude métamnésique relative
metacognitive sensitivity
metamemory resolution
metamemory sensitivity
relative metacognitive accuracy
relative metamemory accuracy
relative metamnemonic accuracy
resolution
résolution
résolution métamnésique
sensibilité métamnésique
"people’s ability to discriminate between the items that will and will not be recalled at a later occasion." (Kubik et al, 2022, p. 376).
« aptitude à faire la distinction entre les éléments qui seront rappelés et ceux qui ne le seront pas à un moment ultérieur. » (Kubik et al., 2022, p. 376).
metacognitive resolution
résolution métacognitive

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
Konorski, J., & Miller, S. (1937). On two types of conditioned reflex. The Journal of General Psychology, 16(1), 264–272. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.1937.9917950
Miller, S., & Konorski, J. (1928). Sur une forme particulière de réflexe conditionnel. Bulletin de biologie, 99, 1155-1158.
Skinner, B. F. (1938). The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis. Appleton-Century-Croft, Inc.
Thorndike, E. L. (1898). Animal intelligence: An experimental study of the associative processes in animals. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 2(4), 1-109. https://archive.org/details/animalintelligen00thoruoft
2017-12-04
2022-03-31
Skinnerian conditioning
apprentissage instrumental
conditionnement de type 2
conditionnement instrumental
conditionnement skinnerien
instrumental conditioning
instrumental learning
type 2 conditioning
Type d’apprentissage associatif. Dans le conditionnement opérant, l’apprentissage résulte du comportement du sujet et de ses conséquences.
Type of associative learning. Learning results from the behavior of the subject and its consequences.

apprentissages instrumentaux
conditionnements de type 2
conditionnements instrumentaux
conditionnements opérants
conditionnements skinneriens
conditionnement opérant
operant conditioning

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes: An investigation of the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex (G. V. Anrep, Trans.). Dover Publications. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Pavlov/
Rescorla, R. A. (1988). Pavlovian conditioning: It’s not what you think it is. American Psychologist, 43(3), 151–160. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.43.3.151
2017-12-04
2022-04-10
Pavlovian conditioning
conditionnement de type 1
conditionnement pavlovien
conditionnement répondant
respondent conditioning
type 1 conditioning
Type d’apprentissage associatif découvert par Pavlov. Dans le conditionnement classique s’opère le transfert du pouvoir d’un stimulus à déclencher une réaction vers un autre stimulus. Par exemple, avant conditionnement, une boulette de viande (stimulus inconditionnel) déclenche la salivation chez le chien (réponse inconditionnelle). Par contre, un son (stimulus neutre) est incapable de provoquer cette réaction. Le conditionnement classique consiste à répéter l’association du son avec la boulette de viande. Le conditionnement est établi quand le son (maintenant stimulus conditionnel) devient capable de provoquer la salivation du chien (maintenant réponse conditionnée).
Type of associative learning discovered by Pavlov. Classical conditioning corresponds to the transfer of the ability from one stimulus to trigger a response to another stimulus. For example, before conditioning, a meat pellet (unconditioned stimulus) triggers salivation in dogs (unconditioned response). However, a sound (neutral stimulus) is unable to cause this reaction. Classical conditioning involves repeating the combination of the sound with the meat pellet. Conditioning is established when the sound (now conditioned stimulus) becomes capable of causing the dog's salivation (now conditioned response).

conditionnements classiques
conditionnements de type 1
conditionnements pavloviens
conditionnements répondants
classical conditioning
conditionnement classique

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
A method of studying an organism's response to a stimulus over time. In the habituation phase, a stimulus is presented repeatedly until the organism's response decreases. The dishabituation phase involves the presentation of a new stimulus which elicits an heightened response.
Méthode d'étude de la réponse d'un organisme à un stimulus au fil du temps. Dans la phase d'habituation, un stimulus est présenté de façon répétée jusqu'à ce que la réponse de l'organisme diminue. La phase de déshabituation implique la présentation d'un nouveau stimulus qui suscite une réponse plus forte.
habituation/dishabituation paradigm
paradigme habituation/déshabituation

Frank Arnould
Fantz, R. L. (1964). Visual experience in infants: decreased attention to familiar patterns relative to novel ones. Science, 146(3644), 668-670. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.146.3644.668
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
A method of studying infant memory based on the principle of preference for novelty. A pair of identical stimuli (or a single stimulus) is presented visually to the infant (familiarization phase). Then a new pair of stimuli is presented, consisting of a familiar stimulus paired with a novel stimulus. Discrimination of the two stimuli is inferred when the baby pays more attention to the new stimulus than to the familiar stimulus.
Méthode d’étude de la mémoire du nourrisson, reposant sur le principe de la préférence pour la nouveauté. Une paire de stimuli identiques (ou un stimulus unique) est présentée visuellement au bébé (phase de familiarisation). Puis, une nouvelle paire de stimuli, constituée du stimulus familiarisé associé à un stimulus nouveau, lui est soumise. La discrimination des deux stimuli est inférée quand le bébé porte plus longtemps son attention sur le stimulus nouveau que sur le stimulus familiarisé.
paradigme de comparaison visuelle par paire
visual paired-comparison paradigm

Frank Arnould
Baillargeon, R., & Graber, M. (1988). Evidence of location memory in 8-month-old infants in a nonsearch AB task. Developmental Psychology, 24(4), 502-511. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.24.4.502
Baillargeon, R., Devos, J., & Graber, M. (1989). Location memory in 8-month-old infants in a non-search AB task : Further evidence. Cognitive Development, 4(4), 345‑367. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0885-2014(89)90040-3
Stahl, A. E., & Kibbe, M. M. (2022). Great expectations : The construct validity of the violation-of-expectation method for studying infant cognition. Infant and Child Development, 31(6), e2359. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.2359
Wynn, K. (1992). Addition and subtraction by human infants. Nature, 358(6389), 749‑750. https://doi.org/10.1038/358749a0
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
violation of expectancy paradigm
A method of studying cognitive development in infants, including memory development. The baby is familiarized with an event. After a delay, the baby is confronted with an event that may or may not violate his/her expectations about the original event. The researcher concludes that the baby has a memory of the original event if the baby spends more time looking at the unexpected event.
Méthode d'étude du développement cognitif des nourrissons, et notamment du développement de la mémoire. Le bébé est familiarisé à une situation, puis, après un délai, l'expérimentateur le place devant une situation qui viole ou non ses attentes par rapport à l'évènement initial. Si le regard du bébé s'attarde alors plus sur la situation inattendue, le chercheur infère qu'il a pu garder en mémoire l'évènement initial.
paradigme de violation des attentes
violation of expectation paradigm

Bowman, C. (2021, June 21). Blended face acquired equivalence. https://osf.io/2ubgv
Robinson, Jasper. (2019, February 27). A Computational Implementation of a Hebbian Learning Network and its Application to Configural Forms of Acquired Equivalence. https://osf.io/sjbd6
Zeithamova, D. (2020, July 7). Generalization and source memory in acquired equivalence. https://osf.io/3w87a
Frank Arnould
2021-09-07
Bowman, C. R., de Araujo Sanchez, M.-A., Hou, W., Rubin, S., & Zeithamova, D. (2021). Generalization and false memory in an acquired equivalence paradigm: The influence of physical resemblance across related episodes. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 2646. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669481 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Edwards, C. A., Jagielo, J. A., Zentall, T. R., & Hogan, D. E. (1982). Acquired equivalence and distinctiveness in matching to sample by pigeons: Mediation by reinforcer-specific expectancies. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 8(3), 244–259. https://doi.org/10.1037/0097-7403.8.3.244 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
de Araujo Sanchez, M. A., & Zeithamova, D. (2023). Generalization and false memory in acquired equivalence. Cognition, 234, 105385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105385 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-05
A method for the study of inferential false memories based on the notion of acquired equivalence, which is a form of generalization (the fact that two stimuli sharing a feature leads to the assumption that they share other features).
Méthode d’étude des faux souvenirs inférentiels basée sur la notion d’équivalence acquise, qui est une forme de généralisation (le fait que deux stimuli partageant un trait en commun conduit à supposer qu’ils partagent d’autres traits).
acquired equivalence paradigm
paradigme d’équivalence acquise

Frank Arnould
Eriksen, C. W., & Collins, J. F. (1969). Visual perceptual rate under two conditions of search. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 80(3), 489‑492. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027428
2020-08-30
2023-09-04
RSVP
RSVP
présentation visuelle en série rapide
Experimental procedure consisting of sequentially presenting images at the same location and at a high rate (e.g. ten images per second).
Procédure expérimentale consistant à présenter séquentiellement des images au même endroit et à une cadence élevée (par exemple, dix images par seconde).

présentation visuelle sérielle rapide
rapid serial visual presentation

Frank Arnould
Ricker, T. J., Nieuwenstein, M. R., Bayliss, D. M., & Barrouillet, P. (2018). Working memory consolidation : Insights from studies on attention and working memory. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1424(1), 8‑18. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13633
2020-08-27
2023-09-04
Processus permettant la création de représentations stables en mémoire de travail.
The process for creating stable representations in working memory.
consolidation en mémoire de travail
working memory consolidation

Frank Arnould
Morgan, G., Kornell, N., Kornblum, T., & Terrace, H. S. (2014). Retrospective and prospective metacognitive judgments in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Animal Cognition, 17(2), 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-013-0657-4
Narens, L., Nelson, T. O., & Scheck, P. (2008). Memory monitoring and delayed JOL effect. In J. Dunlovsky & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Hanbook of Metamemory and Memory. Psychology Press.
2018-11-06
2021-09-27
Confiance dans une réponse future.
Confidence in a future response.
confiance prospective
prospective confidence

Frank Arnould
Lindeboom, J. (2002). Visual association test to detect early dementia of the Alzheimer type. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 73(2), 126–133. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.73.2.126
2020-11-30
2023-09-04
Brief neurosychological test for the diagnostic of early dementia of the Alzheimer type based on imagery mnemonics. The patient is asked to learn pairs of interacting and visually presented objects (e.g., an ape holding an umbrella). At the time of the memory test, one of the objects in each pair is presented and the patient is asked to remember the second (Lindeboom et al., 2002).
Test neuropsychologique rapide pour le diagnostic de la démence précoce de type Alzheimer, basé sur la stratégie d’imagerie mentale. Le patient doit mémoriser des paires d’objets en interaction et présentées visuellement (par exemple un singe tenant un parapluie). Au moment du test de mémoire, un des objets de chaque paire est présenté et le patient est invité à se souvenir du second (Lindeboom et al., 2002).
test d’association visuelle
visual association test

VanArsdall, J., & Blunt, J. (2021, March 19). Method of Loci and Animacy. https://osf.io/qj8pb/
Blunt, J. R., & VanArsdall, J. E. (2021). Animacy and animate imagery improve retention in the method of loci among novice users. Memory & Cognition, 49(7), 1360‑1369. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-021-01175-0
Twomey, C., & Kroneisen, M. (2021). The effectiveness of the loci method as a mnemonic device: Meta-analysis. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 74(8), 1317-1326. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021821993457
Wagner, I. C., Konrad, B. N., Schuster, P., Weisig, S., Repantis, D., Ohla, K., Kühn, S., Fernández, G., Steiger, A., Lamm, C., Czisch, M., & Dresler, M. (2021). Durable memories and efficient neural coding through mnemonic training using the method of loci. Science Advances, 7(10), eabc7606. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc7606
2021-06-24
2023-09-04
MoL
loci method
loci mnemonics
memory palace
mental walk technique
méthode des loci
palace of memory
palais de la mémoire
A mnemonic aid, whose discovery is attributed to the poet Simonides of Ceos (556–468/467 BC), which consists of mentally associating items with different locations on a route and then mentally going through this route to recall them.
Aide mnémotechnique, dont la découverte est attribuée au poète Simonide de Céos (556-468/467 av. J.-C.), qui consiste à associer mentalement les éléments à mémoriser à différents emplacements d’un chemin, puis à parcourir mentalement ce chemin pour se les rappeler.

method of loci
méthode des lieux

Frank Arnould
D’Argembeau, A., Lardi, C., & Van der Linden, M. (2012). Self-defining future projections: Exploring the identity function of thinking about the future. Memory, 20(2), 110–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2011.647697
Lardi Robyn, C., Ghisletta, P., & Van der Linden, M. (2012). Self-defining memories and self-defining future projections in hypomania-prone individuals. Consciousness and Cognition, 21(2), 764–774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2012.02.007
Raffard, S., Bortolon, C., D’Argembeau, A., Gardes, J., Gely-Nargeot, M.-C., Capdevielle, D., & Van der Linden, M. (2016). Projecting the self into the future in individuals with schizophrenia: A preliminary cross-sectional study. Memory, 24(6), 826–837. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1057152
Raffard, S., Bortolon, C., Iniesta, F., Macioce, V., Gely-Nargeot, M.-C., & Van der Linden, M. (2020). Projecting the self in aging: An exploratory study of self-defining future projections. Memory, 28(5), 632–641. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1753778
Raucher-Chéné, D., Berna, F., Vucurovic, K., Barrière, S., Van Der Linden, M., Kaladjian, A., & Cuervo-Lombard, C. (2021). How to project oneself without positive and integrated memories? Exploration of self-defining memories and future projections in bipolar disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 138, 103817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2021.103817
2021-10-19
2023-09-04
PFDS
SDFP
projection définissant le soi
self-defining projection
« Nous concevons les projections futures définissant le soi (PFDS) comme les contreparties futures des souvenirs définissant le soi (SDS) ; c'est-à-dire des représentations mentales d'événements futurs plausibles et hautement significatifs qui fournissent des informations centrales pour la compréhension de soi. » (D’Argembeau et al., 2012, p. 111).
“We conceive of self-defining future projections (SDFPs) as the future counterparts of self-defining memories (SDMs); that is, mental representations of plausible and highly significant future events that provide with core information for one’s understanding of self.“ (D’Argembeau et al., 2012, p. 111).
projections définissant le soi
self-defining projections
projection future définissant le soi
self-defining future projection

Frank Arnould
Bottemanne, H., Longuet, Y., & Gauld, C. (2022). L’esprit predictif : Introduction à la théorie du cerveau bayésien. L’Encéphale, 48(4), 436‑444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2021.09.011
Clark, A. (2022). Extending the predictive mind. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 0(0), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2022.2122523
Miłkowski, M., & Litwin, P. (2022). Testable or bust: Theoretical lessons for predictive processing. Synthese, 200(6), 462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-022-03891-9
Nave, K., Deane, G., Miller, M., & Clark, A. (2020). Wilding the predictive brain. WIREs Cognitive Science, 11(6), e1542. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1542
Trapp, S., Parr, T., Friston, K., & Schröger, E. (2021). The predictive brain must have a limitation in short-term memory capacity. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(5), 384‑390. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214211029977
Vecchi, T., & Gatti, D. (2020). Memory as prediction : From looking back to looking forward. The MIT Press.
2021-09-09
2023-09-04
active inference
bayesian brain
bayesian brain theory
cerveau bayésien
cerveau prospectif
codage prédictif
esprit prédictif
inférence active
pensée prospective
predictive coding
predictive coding theory
predictive mind
predictive processing framework
prospective brain
prospective thought
théorie du cerveau bayésien
théorie du codage prédictif
théorie du traitement prédictif
Theory according to which the brain is "essentially a probabilistic prediction engine, dedicated to the task of minimizing the disparity between how it expects (predicts) the world to be and the evidence presented by the sensory flow" (Nave et al., 2020).
Théorie selon laquelle le cerveau est « essentiellement un dispostif de prédiction probabiliste, dont la tâche consiste à minimiser la disparité entre la façon dont il s'attend (prédit) à ce que le monde soit et les informations présentées par le flux sensoriel » (Nave et al., 2020).
cerveau prédictif
predictive brain

Frank Arnould
Addis, D. R., Wong, A. T., & Schacter, D. L. (2008). Age-related changes in the episodic simulation of future events: Psychological Science, 19(1), 33‑41. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02043.x
2020-10-20
2023-09-04
Adaptation de l'entretien autobiographique permettant à la fois d'évaluer les souvenirs autobiographiques d'évènements du passé et l'imagination d'événements autobiographiques futurs.
Adaptation of the Autobiographical Interview to assess both autobiographical memories of past events and imagination of future autobiographical events.
Adapted Autobiographical Interview
entretien autobiographique adapté

Frank Arnould
Palombo, D. J., Williams, L. J., Abdi, H., & Levine, B. (2013). The survey of autobiographical memory (SAM) : A novel measure of trait mnemonics in everyday life. Cortex, 49(6), 1526‑1540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2012.08.023
Picco, S., Pedreira, M. E., & Fernández, R. S. (2020). Psychometric validation of the survey of autobiographical memory : Confirmatory factor analysis and network analysis. Memory, 28(8), 1037‑1050. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2020.1812662
Setton, R., Lockrow, A. W., Turner, G. R., & Spreng, R. N. (2022). Troubled past: A critical psychometric assessment of the self-report Survey of Autobiographical Memory (SAM). Behavior Research Methods, 54(1), 261–286. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01604-7
2020-10-20
2023-09-04
Questionnaire "designed to assess individual differences in self-reported autobiographical mnemonic capacities" (Palombo et al., 2013).
Questionnaire « conçu pour évaluer les différences individuelles dans les capacités mnémoniques autobiographiques autoévaluées » (Palombo et al., 2013).
Survey of Autobiographical Memory
bilan de mémoire autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Purkart, R., Vallet, G. T., & Versace, R. (2019). Améliorer la remémoration d’évènements autobiographiques et l’imagination d’évènements futurs grâce à l’Induction de spécificité épisodique : Adaptation et validation en Français. L'Année Psychologique, 119(1), 25–53. https://doi-org.inshs.bib.cnrs.fr/10.3917/anpsy1.191.0025
​Madore, K. P., Gaesser, B., & Schacter, D. L. (2014). Constructive episodic simulation: Dissociable effects of a specificity induction on remembering, imagining, and describing in young and older adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40(3), 609–622. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034885
​Schacter, D. L., & Madore, K. P. (2016). Remembering the past and imagining the future: Identifying and enhancing the contribution of episodic memory. Memory Studies, 9(3), 245–255. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750698016645230
2018-04-18
2023-03-15
Experimental method based on a brief training to remember the details of a recent experience (Madore et al., 2014). This technique is thought to distinguish episodic from non-episodic influences on the performance in a memory task. The method is derived from the Cognitive Interview.
​Méthode expérimentale reposant sur un entrainement bref à se souvenir des détails d'une expérience récente (Madore et al., 2014). Cette technique permettrait de distinguer les influences épisodiques des influences non épisodiques sur la performance dans une tâche de mémoire. Elle dérive de l'entretien cognitif.
episodic specificity induction
induction de spécificité épisodique

Frank Arnould
Addis, D. R. (2018). Are episodic memories special? On the sameness of remembered and imagined event simulation. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 48(2/3), 64–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/03036758.2018.1439071
Addis, D. R. (2020). Mental time travel? A neurocognitive model of event simulation. Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 11(2), 233–259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-020-00470-0
Addis, D. R., Wong, A. T., & Schacter, D. L. (2007). Remembering the past and imagining the future: Common and distinct neural substrates during event construction and elaboration. Neuropsychologia, 45(7), 1363–1377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.016
Schacter, D. L., & Addis, D. R. (2007). The cognitive neuroscience of constructive memory: Remembering the past and imagining the future. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 362(1481), 773-786. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2087
2017-12-04
Robins, S. K. (2022). Episodic memory is not for the future. In A. Sant’Anna, C. J. McCarroll, & K. Michaelian (Eds.), Current controversies in philosophy of memory (pp. 166–184). Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-04-14
Hypothèse selon laquelle se souvenir du passé et imaginer le futur font appel aux mêmes informations stockées dans la mémoire épisodique et aux mêmes processus cognitifs de reconstruction des évènements.
The hypothesis that remembering the past and imagining the future both rely on information stored in episodic memory and on similar cognitive processes for reconstructing events.
constructive-episodic-simulation hypothesis
constructive episodic simulation hypothesis
hypothèse de la simulation constructive épisodique

Wojcik, D. Z., Díez, E., Canal-Bedia, R., Díez-Álamo, A. M., Yon-Hernández, J. A., & Fernandez, A. (2020). Episodic future thinking-induced forgetting: Exploring memory inhibitory mechanism in adults with autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 79, 101667. doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101667
Frank Arnould
Ditta, A. S., & Storm, B. C. (2016). Thinking about the future can cause forgetting of the past. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(2), 339–350. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2015.1026362
Wojcik, D. Z., Díez, E., Canal-Bedia, R., Díez-Álamo, A. M., Yon-Hernández, J. A., & Fernandez, A. (2020). Episodic future thinking-induced forgetting: Exploring memory inhibitory mechanism in adults with autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 79, 101667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101667
2020-11-23
2023-09-04
EFT-induced forgetting
oubli induit par la pensée épisodique future
Phénomène observé quand le fait d’imaginer des événements épisodiques futurs provoque l’oubli d’événements passés associés.
The phenomenon observed when imagining future episodic events results in related past events being forgotten.
episodic future thinking-induced forgetting
oubli induit par la pensée future épisodique

Frank Arnould
Buckner, R. L., Andrews-Hanna, J. R., & Schacter, D. L. (2008). The brain’s default network: Anatomy, function, and relevance to disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1124(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1440.011
Greicius, M. D., Krasnow, B., Reiss, A. L., & Menon, V. (2003). Functional connectivity in the resting brain: A network analysis of the default mode hypothesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(1), 253–258. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0135058100
Menon, V. (in press). 20 years of the default mode network: A review and synthesis. Neuron. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2023.04.023
Mevel, K., Grassiot, B., Chételat, G., Defer, G., Desgranges, B., & Eustache, F. (2010). Le réseau cérébral par défaut : rôle cognitif et perturbations dans la pathologie. Revue Neurologique, 166(11), 859–872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2010.01.008
Morcom, A. M., & Fletcher, P. C. (2007). Does the brain have a baseline? Why we should be resisting a rest. NeuroImage, 37(4), 1073‑1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.09.013
Raichle, M. E. (2015). The brain’s default mode network. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 38(1), 433–447. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-014030
Raichle, M. E., MacLeod, A. M., Snyder, A. Z., Powers, W. J., Gusnard, D. A., & Shulman, G. L. (2001). A default mode of brain function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(2), 676‑682. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.98.2.676
Raichle, M. E., MacLeod, A. M., Snyder, A. Z., Powers, W. J., Gusnard, D. A., & Shulman, G. L. (2001). A default mode of brain function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(2), 676‑682. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.98.2.676
Shulman, G. L., Fiez, J. A., Corbetta, M., Buckner, R. L., Miezin, F. M., Raichle, M. E., & Petersen, S. E. (1997). Common blood flow changes across visual tasks : II. Decreases in cerebral cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9(5), 648‑663. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1997.9.5.648
Smallwood, J., Bernhardt, B. C., Leech, R., Bzdok, D., Jefferies, E., & Margulies, D. S. (2021). The default mode network in cognition : A topographical perspective. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 1‑11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-021-00474-4
2017-12-04
2023-06-19
DMN
activité cérébrale par défaut
default network
réseau cérébral du mode par défaut
réseau cérébral par défaut
réseau d'absence de tâche
réseau d'état par défaut
réseau par défaut
"a collection of distributed and interconnected brain regions that are typically suppressed when an individual is focused on external stimuli; however, in the absence of attention to external stimuli, the DMN [Default mode network] switches or ‘‘defaults’’ to internally focused thought processes, such as self-reflection, daydreaming, mind wandering, recall of personal experiences, and envisioning the future. The DMN is also hypothesized to be active during periods of ‘‘rest’’ and quiet wakefulness, allowing us to reflect on our experiences, feelings, and social interactions." (Menon, in press).
« ensemble de régions cérébrales distribuées et interconnectées qui sont généralement désactivées lorsqu'un individu se concentre sur des stimuli externes. Cependant, en l'absence d'attention aux stimuli externes, le RMD [Réseau du mode par défaut] bascule "par défaut" vers des processus de pensée internes, tels que la réflexion sur soi, la rêverie, le vagabondage mental, le rappel d'expériences personnelles et la projection dans l'avenir. On suppose également que le RMD est actif pendant les périodes de "repos" et d'éveil calme, ce qui nous permet de réfléchir à nos expériences, sentiments et interactions sociales". (Menon, sous presse).

default mode network
réseau du mode par défaut

Frank Arnould
Barsalou, L. W. (1999). Perceptual symbol systems. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22(4), 577‑660. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X99002149
Haimovici, S. (2018). The modal—Amodal distinction in the debate on conceptual format. Philosophies, 3(2), 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies3020007
Michel, C. (2021). Overcoming the modal/amodal dichotomy of concepts. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 20(4), 655‑677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-020-09678-y
2017-12-04
2023-04-04
modal symbol
modality-specific representation
symbole modal
Idée selon laquelle le format des représentations conceptuelles repose sur des propriétés perceptives et motrices.
The idea that the format of conceptual representations is based on perceptual and motor properties.
modal representations
modal symbols
modality-specific representations
représentations modales
symboles modaux
modal representation
représentation modale

Frank Arnould
Haimovici, S. (2018). The modal—Amodal distinction in the debate on conceptual format. Philosophies, 3(2), 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies3020007
Michel, C. (2021). Overcoming the modal/amodal dichotomy of concepts. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 20(4), 655‑677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-020-09678-y
2017-12-04
2023-04-04
abstract representation
amodal symbol
représentation abstraite
symbole amodal
Idea that the format of conceptual representations is abstract and has lost any perceptual properties.
Idée selon laquelle le format des représentations conceptuelles est abstrait et a perdu toute propriété perceptive.

abstract representations
amodal representations
amodal symbols
représentations abstraites
représentations amodales
symboles amodaux
amodal representation
représentation amodale

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Generic term for encoding strategies that rely on semantic processing, associations between items, and the use of prior knowledge.
Terme général pour désigner les stratégies d'encodage utilisant les traitements sémantiques, les associations entre les éléments à mémoriser ou entre ces éléments et des informations déjà stockées en mémoire.

elaboration
élaboration

Frank Arnould
Bjork, R. A., Dunlosky, J., & Kornell, N. (2013). Self-regulated learning: Beliefs, techniques, and illusions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64(1), 417–444. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143823
Gureckis, T. M., & Markant, D. B. (2012). Self-Directed Learning: A cognitive and computational perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7(5), 464–481. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691612454304
Kornell, N., & Bjork, R. A. (2007). The promise and perils of self-regulated study. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(2), 219–224. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03194055
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
apprentissage autorégulé
self-regulated learning
Type d'apprentissage au cours duquel le sujet contrôle l'ordre des épisodes d'étude et le flux d'informations à mémoriser.
Type of learning in which the subject controls the order of study episodes and the flow of information to memorize.

apprentissage auto-régulé
apprentissages auto-régulés
apprentissages autodirigés
apprentissages autorégulés
apprentissage autodirigé
self-directed learning

Frank Arnould
Raugh, M. R., & Atkinson, R. C. (1975). A mnemonic method for learning a second-language vocabulary. Journal of Educational Psychology, 67(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0078665
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
keyword mnemonics
keyword technique
technique du mot-clé
A mnemonic aid for learning unfamiliar vocabulary, especially foreign language vocabulary. The method starts by associating the foreign word with a word from the native language (the keyword) with a close pronunciation (at least for part of the foreign word), and then creates a visual image associating the keyword with the translation of the foreign word.
Aide mnémotechnique pouvant faciliter l'apprentissage d'un vocabulaire peu familier, tout particulièrement l'acquisition du vocabulaire d'une langue étrangère. La méthode consiste tout d'abord à associer le mot étranger avec un mot de la langue maternelle (le mot clé) ayant une prononciation proche (au moins pour une partie du mot étranger), puis à créer une image visuelle associant le mot clé et la traduction du mot étranger.
keyword method
méthode du mot-clé

Frank Arnould
Oberauer, K. (2019). Is rehearsal an effective maintenance strategy for working memory? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23(9), 798‑809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.06.002
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
autorépétition mentale
autorépétition subvocale
répétition mentale
révision mentale
subvocal rehearsal
subvocal repetition
Mental rehearsal mechanism to retain information in short-term memory (or in working memory).
Mécanisme de répétition mentale permettant de conserver les informations en mémoire à court terme (ou en mémoire de travail).

auto-répétition
auto-répétition subvocale
auto-répétition subvocales
auto-répétitions
autorépétitions
autorépétitions subvocales
répétitions mentales
révisions mentales
subvocal rehearsals
subvocal repetitions
autorépétition
rehearsal

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
organizational strategy
A generic term for strategies by which material to be memorized or retrieved is structured.
Terme générique pour désigner les stratégies de structuration du matériel à mémoriser ou à récupérer.
organisation
organization

Frank Arnould
Intons-Peterson, M. J., & Fournier, J. (1986). External and internal memory aids: When and how often do we use them? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115(3), 267–280. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.115.3.267
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
aide externe
external aid
A kind of strategy that « involve the use of tangible, physical aids external to the person, such as making lists, writing on a calendar, and putting an item in a special place » (Intons-Peterson et Fournier, 1986, p. 267).
Un type de stratégie qui « implique l'utilisation d'aides tangibles, physiques, extérieures à la personne, comme faire des listes, écrire sur un calendrier, mettre un objet dans un endroit spécial » (Intons-Peterson et Fournier, 1986, p. 267).
aides externes
external aids
external strategies
stratégies externes
external strategy
stratégie externe

Frank Arnould
Underwood, B. J. (1965). False recognition produced by implicit verbal responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 70(1), 122-129. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0022014
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
A theory to explain semantic intrusions in a recognition task (Underwood, 1965). As subjects study words, they mentally generate related words. These related words may then be mistakenly recognized as having been studied.
Théorie proposée par Underwood (1965) pour expliquer les intrusions sémantiques dans une tâche de reconnaissance. Lorsque les sujets étudient des mots, ils généreraient mentalement d'autres mots qui leur sont associés. Ces mots associés peuvent ensuite être reconnus à tort comme ayant été étudiés.
implicit associative responses
réponses associatives implicites
implicit associative response
réponse associative implicite

Frank Arnould
Macmillan, N. A., & Creelman, C. D. (1996). Triangles in ROC space : History and theory of “nonparametric” measures of sensitivity and response bias. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3(2), 164‑170. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03212415
2022-03-10
2023-09-04
discriminability
discriminabilité de la mémoire
discriminabilité mnémonique
discriminabilité mnésique
discrimination msésique
memory discriminability
sensibilité
sensibilité de la mémoire
sensibilité mnémonique
sensitivity
Dans la théorie de la détection du signal, aptitude à discriminer les items nouveaux des items anciens dans une tâche de reconnaissance.
In signal detection theory, the ability to discriminate between old and new items in a recognition task.
memory sensitivity
sensibilité mnésique

Development and validation of a Memory Distrust Scale (MDS)—Study 1. (2020). [Data set]. OSF. https://osf.io/r8vqu/
2023-06-05
Frank Arnould
Nash, R. A., Saraiva, R. B., & Hope, L. (in press). Who doesn’t believe their memories? Development and validation of a new Memory Distrust Scale. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000061 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-07-21
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
MDS
Memory Distrust Scale
A 20-item self-report scale used to assess people’s tendency to distrust their memories because of commission errors they may commit (misremembering and false remembering).
Échelle d’auto-évaluation de 20 items permettant d’évaluer la tendance des personnes à se méfier de leurs souvenirs en raison des erreurs de commission qu’elles peuvent commettre (erreurs de mémoire et faux souvenirs).
Memory Distrust Scale
Échelle de méfiance à l’égard des souvenirs

Frank Arnould
Anderson, J. R., & Bower, G. H. (1973). Human Associative Memory. Winston and Sons.
2017-12-04
2022-03-29
association-memory
souvenir associatif
Ability to encode, store and retrieve associations between items or between an item and its context.
Aptitude à encoder, stocker et récupérer des associations entre items ou entre un item et son contexte.

associative memories
mémoires associatives
souvenirs associatifs
associative memory
mémoire associative

Frank Arnould
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/2010). La mémoire : recherches de psychologie experimentale (trad. S. Nicolas). L'harmattan.
Kahana, M. J. (2020). Computational models of memory search. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 107‑138. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103358
Logan, G. D., & Cox, G. E. (2021). Serial memory: Putting chains and position codes in context. Psychological Review, 28(6), 1197–1205. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000327
2017-12-04
2022-05-17
associative chaining
chaînage associatif
Approche théorique proposée pour expliquer le rappel sériel. Chaque item d'une liste est associé en mémoire à l'item qui le suit, formant ainsi une chaîne associative. Au moment du rappel, chaque item sert d'indice pour récupérer l'item suivant. Les théories du chaînage associatif envisagent des associations entre items distants. Cependant, la force associative entre items est plus forte quand ils sont contigus.
Theoretical approach proposed to explain serial recall. Each item in a list is associated in memory with the item that follows it, thus forming a chain of associations. At the time of recall, each item is a cue to retrieve the next item. Theories of associative chaining accept associations between remote items. However, the associative strength between items is stronger when they are contiguous.
"According to this conception, therefore, the associative threads, which hold together a remembered series, are spun not merely between each member and its immediate successor, but beyond intervening members to every member which stands to it in any close temporal relation. The strength of the threads varies with the distance of the members, but even the weaker of them must be considered as relatively of considerable significance." (Ebbinghaus, 1885/1913, p. 94).
« Par conséquent, selon cette conception, les liens associatifs, qui assurent l'union d'une série d'éléments rappelée, ne sont pas simplement présents entre chaque élément et son successeur immédiat, mais vont bien au-delà en s'étendant aux éléments qui entretiennent entre eux une relation temporelle. La force des liens varie avec la distance des éléments, mais même le plus faible d'entre eux doit être considéré comme étant d'une importance relativement considérable. » (Ebbinghaus, 1885/2010, p. 161).
chaînages associatifs
associative chaining theory
théorie du chaînage associatif

Frank Arnould
Beaunieux, H. (2023). L’évaluation de la mémoire procédurale. In H. Amieva, P. Azouvi, E. Barbeau, & F. Colette (Éds.), Traité de neuropsychologie de l’adulte: Tome 1. Évaluation (p. 231‑240). De Boeck Supérieur.
Beaunieux, H., Desgranges, B., Eustache, F. (1998) La mémoire procédurale : validité du concept et des méthodes d'évaluation, Revue de neuropsychologie, 8(2), 271-300.
Cohen, N. J., & Squire, L. R. (1980). Preserved learning and retention of pattern-analyzing skill in amnesia : Dissociation of knowing how and knowing that. Science, 210(4466), 207‑210. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7414331
Lechevalier, B., & Habas, C. (2021). Mémoire procédurale et mémoire déclarative. Bulletin de l’Académie Nationale de Médecine, 205(2), 149‑153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.banm.2020.12.011
2017-12-04
2023-08-22
Long-term memory system that stores information of the "know how" type, directly expressed in action, difficult to verbalize, not accessible to consciousness (E. Tulving therefore describes this memory as anoetic), difficult to modify and acquired progressively.
Système de la mémoire à long terme conservant les informations du type « savoir comment », difficilement verbalisables, se manifestant directement dans l'action, pas accessibles à la conscience (E. Tulving qualifiant ainsi cette mémoire d'anoétique), difficilement modifiables et dont l'acquisition est progressive.

procedural memories
mémoire procédurale
procedural memory

Frank Arnould
Bjork, R. A., & Whitten, W. B. (1974). Recency-sensitive retrieval processes in long-term free recall. Cognitive Psychology, 6(2), 173-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(74)90009-7
Glenberg, A. M., Bradley, M. M., Kraus, T. A., & Renzaglia, G. J. (1983). Studies of the long-term recency effect: Support for a contextually guided retrieval hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 9(2), 231-255. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.9.2.231
Glenberg, A. M., Bradley, M. M., Stevenson, J. A., Kraus, T. A., Tkachuk, M. J., Gretz, A. L., … Turpin, B. M. (1980). A two-process account of long-term serial position effects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 6(4), 355-369. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.6.4.355
2017-12-04
2021-08-09
loi du ratio
ratio law
En rappel libre, la magnitude de l'effet de récence dépend du rapport entre la durée de l'intervalle de temps séparant les items à mémoriser et l'intervalle de rétention (intervalle de temps séparant la fin de la phase d'étude du test de la mémoire).
In free recall, the magnitude of the recency effect depends on the ratio between the time interval separating the items to be stored and the retention interval (time interval between the end of the study phase and the test of memory).
ratio rule
règle du ratio

Frank Arnould
Skinner, B. F. (1938). The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis. Appleton-Century-Croft, Inc.
Thorndike, E. L. (1913). Educational psychology: The psychology of learning (Vol. 2). Teachers College, Columbia University.
Thorndike, E.L. (1911). Animal Intelligence. MacMillan. http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Thorndike/Animal/
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
"When a modifiable connection between a situation and a response is made and is accompanied or followed by a satisfying state of affairs, that connection’s strength is increased : When made and accompanied or followed by an annoying state of affairs, its strength is decreased." (Thorndike, 1913, p. 4).
« Lorsqu’une connexion modifiable entre une situation et une réponse est établie et qu’elle est accompagnée ou suivie d’un état de fait satisfaisant, la force de cette association est renforcée : lorsqu’elle est établie et accompagnée ou suivie d’un état de fait déplaisant, sa force est réduite. » (Thorndike, 1913, p. 4).

law of effect
loi de l'effet

Frank Arnould
Tulving, E., & Wiseman, S. (1975). Relation between recognition and recognition failure of recallable words. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 6(1), 79–82. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03333153
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Law showing that recognition and recall are measures of memory which are largely independent of one another. This law is expressed in the following mathematical equation, where Rn is the recognition and recall Rc: P (Rn / Rc) = P (Rn) + c [P (Rn) -P (Rn) 2].
Loi montrant que la reconnaissance et le rappel sont des mesures de la mémoire en grande partie indépendantes l’une de l’autre. Cette loi s’exprime dans l’équation mathématique suivante, où Rn est la reconnaissance et Rc le rappel : P(Rn/Rc) = P(Rn) + c[P(Rn)-P(Rn)2].
Tulving-Wiseman law
loi de Tulving-Wiseman

Frank Arnould
Nicolas, S. (1997). La loi de Ribot : L'application de la doctrine évolutionniste à l'étude neuropsychologique de la mémoire. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 7(4), 377-410.
Ribot, Th (1881). Les maladies de la mémoire. Alcan.
Ribot, Theodule. (1881/1887). Diseases of memory: An essay in the positive psychology. D. Appleton and Company. https://archive.org/details/diseasesofmemory00ribouoft/page/120/mode/2up?view=theater
Wixted, J. T. (2004). On common ground: Jost’s (1897) law of forgetting and Ribot’s (1881) law of retrograde amnesia. Psychological Review, 111(4), 864–879. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.111.4.864
2017-12-04
2021-09-14
loi de régression
loi de réversion
"We thus see that the progressive destruction of memory follows a logical order — a law. It advances progressively from the unstable to fhe stable. It begins with the most recent recollections, which, lightly impressed upon the nervous elements, rarely repeated and consequently having no permanent associations, represent organization in its feeblest form. It ends with the sensorial, instinctive memory, which, become a permanent and integral part of the organism, represents organization in its most highly developed stage." (Ribot, Th., Diseases of memory, 1881/1882, p.121-122).
« La destruction progressive de la mémoire suit donc une marche logique, une loi. Elle descend progressivement de l'instable au stable. Elle commence par les souvenirs récents, mal fixés dans les éléments nerveux, rarement répétés et par conséquent faiblement associés avec les autres, représentent l'organisation à son degré le plus faible. Elle finit par cette mémoire sensorielle, instinctive qui, fixée dans l'organisme, devenue une partie de lui-même ou plutôt lui-même, représente l'organisation à son degré le plus fort. » (Ribot, Th., Les maladies de la mémoire, 1881, p. 94)

Ribot's law
loi de Ribot

Frank Arnould
Thorndike, E.L. (1911). Animal Intelligence. MacMillan. http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Thorndike/Animal/
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
"Any response to a situation will, other things being equal, be more strongly connected with the situation in proportion to the number of times it has been connected with that situation and to the average vigor and duration of the connections." (Thorndike, 1911, p. 244).
« Toute réponse à une situation sera, toutes choses égales par ailleurs, plus fortement connectée à cette situation en proportion du nombre de fois où elle a été connectée à cette situation et de la vigueur et de la durée moyennes des connexions. » (Thorndike, 1911, p. 244).
law of exercise
loi de l'exercice

Kurby, C. A., & Zacks, J. M. (2008). Segmentation in the perception and memory of events. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12(2), 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2007.11.004
Zacks, J. M. (2020). Event perception and memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 165‑191. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419- 051101
Zacks, J. M., Speer, N. K., Swallow, K. M., Braver, T. S., & Reynolds, J. R. (2007). Event perception: A mind-brain perspective. Psychological Bulletin, 133(2), 273–293. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.273
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-13
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
EST
"Event Segmentation Theory (EST) proposes that perceptual systems spontaneously segment activity into events as a side effect of trying to anticipate upcoming information. When perceptual or conceptual features of the activity change, prediction becomes more difficult and errors in prediction increase transiently. At such points, people update memory representations of ‘what is happening now’. The processing cascade of detecting a transient increase in error and updating memory is perceived as the subjective experience that a new event has begun." (Kurby et Zacks, 2008, p. 72).
"La théorie de la segmentation des événements propose que les systèmes perceptifs segmentent spontanément l'activité en événements qui apparaît comme un effet secondaire de la tentative d'anticipation des informations à venir. Lorsque les caractéristiques perceptives ou conceptuelles de l'activité changent, la prédiction devient plus difficile et les erreurs de prédiction augmentent transitoirement. C'est à ce moment que les personnes mettent à jour les représentations en mémoire de "ce qui se passe maintenant ". La cascade de traitement consistant à détecter une augmentation transitoire de l'erreur et à mettre à jour la mémoire est perçue subjectivement qu'un nouvel événement a commencé." (Kurby et Zacks, 2008, p. 72).
event segmentation theory
théorie de la segmentation en événements

Frank Arnould
Eichenbaum, H. (2010). Memory systems. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 1(4), 478-490. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.49
Schacter, D. L., & Tulving, E. (1994). What are the memory systems of 1994? In D. L. Schacter & E. Tulving (Eds.), Memory systems 1994 (pp. 1–38). MIT Press.
Schacter, D. L., & Tulving, E. (1996). Qu'en est-il de la notion de systèmes mnésiques en 1994 ? In D. L. Schacter & E. Tulving (Eds.), Systèmes de la mémoire chez l'animal et chez l'homme (pp. 15-48). Solal.
Sherman, B. E., Turk-Browne, N. B., & Goldfarb, E. V. (2023). Multiple memory subsystems: Reconsidering memory in the mind and brain. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17456916231179146. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916231179146
Squire, L. R. (2007). Memory systems: A biological concept. In H. L. Roediger III, Y. Dudai, & S. M. Fitzpatrick (Eds.), Science of memory: Concepts (pp. 339–343). Oxford University Press.
2017-12-04
2023-07-18
multiple memory systems theories
multiple-memory-systems framework
théories des systèmes multiples de la mémoire
Theories that consider the existence of different memory systems (working memory, episodic memory, semantic memory, procedural memory, etc.) between which information is transferred and where different types of memories are stored temporarily or in the long term.
Théories qui considèrent l'existence de différents systèmes de mémoire (mémoire de travail, mémoire épisodique, mémoire sémantique, mémoire procédurale, etc.) entre lesquels les informations sont transférées et où différents types de souvenirs sont stockés temporairement ou à long terme.

multiple memory systems theory
structural theories
structural theory
théorie des systèmes multiples
théorie structurale
théories structurales
structural theories of memory
théories structurales de la mémoire

McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2000). Strategic and automatic processes in prospective memory retrieval : A multiprocess framework. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S127‑S144. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.775
2021-09-03
Frank Arnould
2023-09-04
multiprocess framework
A theory of event-based prospective memory which suggests that retrieving a planned intention can occur through either strategic or automatic processes.
Théorie de la mémoire prospective événementielle qui suggère que la récupération d'une intention planifiée peut se faire par des processus stratégiques ou automatiques.
multi-process theory of prospective memory
théorie des processus multiples de la mémoire prospective

Frank Arnould
McClelland, J. L., McNaughton, B. L., & O’Reilly, R. C. (1995). Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: Insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. Psychological Review, 102(3), 419–457. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.102.3.419
O’Reilly, R. C., Bhattacharyya, R., Howard, M. D., & Ketz, N. (2014). Complementary learning systems. Cognitive Science, 38(6), 1229–1248. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-6709.2011.01214.x
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Theory according to which the formation and consolidation of memories are based on two interactive complementary systems. One, in the hippocampus, is thought to be responsible for the rapid acquisition of episodic memories, distinct from each other, and dependent on context. The other, in the neocortex, is said to be responsible for the slow and gradual acquisition of the overlapping structure of events, independent of context.
Théorie selon laquelle la formation et la consolidation des souvenirs reposent sur deux systèmes complémentaires et en interaction. L'un, dans l'hippocampe, se chargerait de l'acquisition rapide de souvenirs épisodiques, distincts les uns des autres, et dépendants du contexte. L'autre, dans le néocortex, se chargerait de l'acquisition lente et graduelle de la structure partagée (overlapping) des évènements, indépendante du contexte.
complementary learning systems
systèmes d'apprentissage complémentaires

Frank Arnould
Goode, T. D., Tanaka, K. Z., Sahay, A., & McHugh, T. J. (2020). An integrated index: Engrams, place cells, and hippocampal memory. Neuron, 107(5), 805–820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2020.07.011
Teyler, T. J., & DiScenna, P. (1986). The hippocampal memory indexing theory. Behavioral Neuroscience, 100(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7044.100.2.147
Teyler, T. J., & Rudy, J. W. (2007). The hippocampal indexing theory and episodic memory: Updating the index. Hippocampus, 17(12), 1158–1169. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.20350
2021-09-06
2023-09-04
A theory of episodic memory based on the assumption that a memory trace is a representation in the hippocampus of co-occurring activities in the neocortex.
Théorie de la mémoire épisodique supposant qu’une trace mnésique est une représentation dans l’hippocampe des activités cooccurrentes dans le néocortex.
hippocampal memory indexing theory
théorie de l’indexation hippocampique des souvenirs

Frank Arnould
Lecouvey, G., Gonneaud, J., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2015). Les grandes théories de la mémoire prospective: Vers une vision dynamique des processus cognitifs engagés lors du rappel programmé d’intentions. Revue de neuropsychologie, 7(3), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.073.0207
Smith, R. E. (2003). The cost of remembering to remember in event-based prospective memory: Investigating the capacity demands of delayed intention performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 29(3), 347–361. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.29.3.347
Smith, R. E., Hunt, R. R., McVay, J. C., & McConnell, M. D. (2007). The cost of event-based prospective memory: Salient target events. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33(4), 734–746. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.4.734
2021-09-03
2023-09-04
PAM theory
théorie PAM
A theory of event-based prospective memory (Smith, 2003; Smith et al., 2007), which states that "the performance of event-based tasks systematically requires the engagement of controlled preparatory processes. Specifically, preparatory attentional processes allow us to monitor the environment while considering the events occurring in it as potential prospective cues. As for the memory processes, they intervene in the recognition of prospective cues that must be discriminated from neutral events, as well as in the search in memory for the intention that follows this recognition" (Lecouvey et al., 2015, p. 209).
Théorie de la mémoire prospective événementielle (Smith, 2003 ; Smith et al., 2007) selon laquelle « la réalisation de tâches event-based nécessite systématiquement l’engagement de processus contrôlés préparatoires. Plus précisément, les processus attentionnels préparatoires permettent de surveiller l’environnement tout en considérant les événements s’y produisant comme des indices prospectifs potentiels. Quant aux processus mnésiques, ils interviennent pour la reconnaissance des indices prospectifs devant être discriminés des événements neutres, ainsi que pour la recherche en mémoire de l’intention qui suit cette reconnaissance. » (Lecouvey et al., 2015, p. 209).
preparatory attentional and memory processes theory
théorie des processus mnésiques et attentionnels préparatoires

Frank Arnould
Versace, R., Vallet, G., Riou, B., Lesourd, M., Labeye, E., & Brunel, L. (2014). ACT-IN: An integrated view of memory mechanisms. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 26(3), 280–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2014.892113
2018-07-30
2023-09-04
Activation-Integration theory
théorie Activation-Intégration
"Act-In is based on four main assumptions: (1) Memory traces reflect all the components of past experiences and, in particular, their sensory properties as captured by our sensory receptors, actions performed on the objects in the environment and the emotional and motivational states of individuals which, to a large extent, determine their actions. Memory traces are therefore distributed across multiple neuronal systems which code the multiple components of the experiences. (2) Knowledge is emergent and is the product of the coupling of the present experience with past experiences. (3) The brain is a categorisation system which develops by accumulating experiences and which, by default, produces categorical knowledge. (4) The emergence of specific knowledge (memories or episodic knowledge) requires simple mechanisms which occur during learning and during retrieval (i.e., interactive activation and integration)." (Versace et al., 2014, p. 282).
« Act-In repose sur quatre hypothèses principales : (1) Les traces mnésiques reflètent toutes les composantes des expériences passées et, en particulier, leurs propriétés sensorielles captées par nos récepteurs sensoriels, les actions effectuées sur les objets de l'environnement et les états émotionnels et motivationnels des individus qui, dans une large mesure, déterminent leurs actions. Les traces mnésiques sont donc distribuées à travers de multiples systèmes neuronaux qui codent les multiples composantes des expériences. (2) La connaissance est émergente et est le produit du couplage de l'expérience présente avec les expériences passées. (3) Le cerveau est un système de catégorisation qui se développe par accumulation d'expériences et qui, par défaut, produit des connaissances catégorielles. (4) L'émergence de connaissances spécifiques (souvenirs ou connaissances épisodiques) nécessite des mécanismes simples qui se produisent pendant l'apprentissage et pendant la récupération (c'est-à-dire l'activation et l'intégration interactives). » (Versace et al., 2014, p. 282).
Act-In theory
théorie Act-In

Frank Arnould
Kahana, M. J. (2020). Computational models of memory search. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 107‑138. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103358
Ladd, G. T., & Woodworth, R. S. (1911). Elements of physiological psychology : A treatise of the activities and nature of the mind from the physical and experimental points of view. CharlesScribners’ Sons https://archive.org/details/elementsofphy2ed00ladd
Logan, G. D., & Cox, G. E. (2021). Serial memory: Putting chains and position codes in context. Psychological Review, 28(6), 1197–1205. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000327
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
hypothèse de la position sérielle ​
serial position hypothesis
A theoretical approach to serial recall. Each item is stored with its relative position in the list. The positions are then used as cues to recall the items in their order of presentation.
Approche théorique du rappel sériel selon laquelle chaque item est mémorisé avec sa position relative dans la liste. Les positions servent ensuite d'indice pour rappeler les items dans leur ordre de présentation.
positional coding theory
théorie du codage positionnel

Frank Arnould
Goh, J. O., & Park, D. C. (2009). Neuroplasticity and cognitive aging : The scaffolding theory of aging and cognition. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, 27(5), 391‑403. https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-2009-0493
Park, D. C., & Reuter-Lorenz, P. (2009). The adaptive brain : Aging and neurocognitive scaffolding. Annual Review of Psychology, 60(1), 173‑196. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093656
2021-08-12
2023-09-04
STAC
STAC
scaffolding theory of cognitive aging
Integrative theory of cognitive aging that "posits that behavior is maintained at a relatively high level with age, despite neural challenges and functional deterioration, due to the continuous engagement of compensatory scaffolding—the recruitment of additional circuitry that shores up declining structures whose functioning has become noisy, inefficient, or both." (Park & Reuter-Lorenz, 2009, p. 183).
Théorie intégrative du vieillissement cognitif qui « postule que le comportement est maintenu à un niveau relativement élevé avec l'âge, malgré les défaillances neuronales et la détérioration fonctionnelle, en raison de l'engagement continu de l'échafaudage compensatoire - recrutement de circuits supplémentaires qui soutiennent les structures en déclin dont le fonctionnement est devenu bruité, inefficace ou les deux. » (Park & Reuter-Lorenz, 2009, p. 183).
scaffolding theory of cognitive ageing
scaffolding theory of cognition and aging
théorie de l'échafaudage du vieillissement cognitif

Frank Arnould
Nadel, L., & Moscovitch, M. (1997). Memory consolidation, retrograde amnesia and the hippocampal complex. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 7(2), 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-4388(97)80010-4
Sutherland, R. J., Lee, J. Q., McDonald, R. J., & Lehmann, H. (2020). Has multiple trace theory been refuted? Hippocampus, 30(8), 842‑850. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23162
2020-11-05
2023-09-04
MTT
Theory of systems consolidation according to which the hippocampus and the neocortex continue to interact in the case of episodic memory. The reactivation of an episodic memory trace creates a new memory trace. Thus, an episodic memory is represented by multiple traces. Semantic memory can be stabilized in the neocortex and no longer be influenced by the hippocampus.
Théorie de la consolidation des systèmes. Celle-ci propose que l’hippocampe et le néocortex continuent à interagir dans le cas de la mémoire épisodique. La réactivation d’une trace mnésique épisodique crée une nouvelle trace mnésique. Ainsi, un souvenir épisodique est représenté par des traces multiples. La mémoire sémantique peut être stabilisée dans le néocortex et ne plus subir l’influence de l’hippocampe.
théorie de la trace multiple
multiple trace theory
théorie des traces multiples

Frank Arnould
Medin, D. L., & Schaffer, M. M. (1978). Context theory of classification learning. Psychological review, 85(3), 207–238. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.85.3.207
Murphy, G. L. (2016). Is there an exemplar theory of concepts? Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 23(4), 1035‑1042. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-015-0834-3
Nosofsky, R. M. (1986). Attention, similarity, and the identification-categorization relationship. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115(1), 39–57. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-3445.115.1.39
Nosofsky, R. M. (1992). Similarity scaling and cognitive process models. Annual Review of Psychology, 43, 25–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.43.020192.000325
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
Theories of categorization which stipulate that exemplars of objects are stored in memory. Categorizing a new object is based on the assessment of its similarity with stored exemplars.
Théories de la catégorisation stipulant que des exemplaires des objets sont stockés en mémoire. Catégoriser un nouvel objet repose sur l'évaluation de sa similitude avec les exemplaires stockés.

exemplar theories
théories de l'exemplaire

Frank Arnould
Laird, J. (1920). A study in realism. Cambridge University Press. https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.202861 ​
Michaelian, K., & Sutton, J. (2017). Memory. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/memory/
Perrin, D. (2012). Qu'est-ce que se souvenir ? Vrin.
Reid, Th. (1764/1941). Essays on the intellectual powers of man. Macmillan And Co. https://archive.org/details/essaysontheintel007938mbp ​
2018-05-24
2023-04-03
En philosophie, position selon laquelle le souvenir épisodique est relié directement, sans intermédiaire, à l'événement passé.
In philosophy, the position according to which an episodic memory is directly connected to the past event, without intermediaries.

direct realism
réalisme direct

Frank Arnould
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective memory: Multiple retrieval processes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(6), 286–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00382.x
McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2007). Spontaneous retrieval in prospective memory. In J. S. Nairne (Ed.), The foundations of remembering: Essays in Honor of Henry L. Roediger, III (pp. 227–242). Psychology Press.
2021-09-03
2023-09-04
A theory of event-based prospective memory. "According to this theory, when forming an intention for an event-based task, people create an association between the target cue and the intended action. Later, when the target event occurs, an automatic associative-memory system triggers retrieval of the intended action and delivers it into awareness. This is an associative system that processes information specifically for the purpose of associative encoding and retrieval. Regardless of whether a person is thinking about the PM intention at the time that the target event occurs, if the cue is fully processed and the association between the cue and action is sufficiently strong, then the occurrence of the cue will reflexively trigger the retrieval of the intended action." (Einstein et McDaniel, 2005, p. 287).
Théorie de la mémoire prospective basée sur les événements. « Selon cette théorie, lors de la formation d'une intention pour une tâche basée sur un événement, les personnes créent une association entre l'indice cible et l'action envisagée. Plus tard, lorsque l'événement cible se produit, un système de mémoire associative automatique déclenche la récupération de l'action envisagée et la rend consciente. Il s'agit d'un système associatif qui traite l'information spécifiquement dans le but de l'encodage et de la récupération associatifs. Qu'une personne pense ou non à l'intention de mémoire prospective au moment où l'événement cible se produit, si l'indice est entièrement traité et que l'association entre l'indice et l'action est suffisamment forte, l'apparition de l'indice déclenchera de manière réflexive la récupération de l'action prévue. » (Einstein et McDaniel, 2005, p. 287).
reflexive-associative theory of prospective memory
théorie réflexive associative de la mémoire prospective

Frank Arnould
Anderson, J. R., & Bower, G. H. (1972). Recognition and retrieval processes in free recall. Psychological Review, 79(2), 97-123. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0033773
Bahrick, H. P. (1970). Two-phase model for prompted recall. Psychological Review, 77(3), 215–222. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029099
Kintsch, W. (1968). Recognition and free recall of organized lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 78(3, Pt.1), 481-487. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0026462
Kintsch, W. (1970). Models for free recall and recognition. In D. Norman (Ed.), Models of Human Memory (p. 331-373). Academic Press.
2017-12-04
2023-04-03
dual-process theory
théorie des deux processus
Theory postulating that two mechanisms are involved in memory retrieval: a search process for stored information and a decision process (deciding whether the retrieved information is the one that was searched for, based on a familiarity judgment).
Théorie de la récupération qui postule que celle-ci s'effectue au moyen de deux mécanismes : un processus de recherche des informations en mémoire et un processus de décision (décider si l'information récupérée est bien celle qui est requise sur la base d'un jugement de familiarité).
generate-recognize theory
théorie génération-reconnaissance

Frank Arnould
Hume, D. (1739/1999). Traité de la nature humaine : Livre 1 et appendice. L’entendement. Flammarion. ​
Locke, J. (1689/2009). Essai sur l’entendement humain. Le Livre de Poche.
Michaelian, K., & Sutton, J. (2017). Memory. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/memory/
Perrin, D. (2012). Qu'est-ce que se souvenir ? Vrin.
Russell, B. (1921). L'analyse de l'esprit. Payot.
2018-05-24
2022-02-18
En philosophie, position selon laquelle le souvenir épisodique a pour objet une représentation interne d'un évènement passé.
In philosophy, a position according to which the object of the episodic memory is an internal representation of the past event.

indirect realism
réalisme indirect

Frank Arnould
Bernecker, S. (2010). Memory: A philosophical study. Oxford University Press.
Martin, C. B., & Deutscher, M. (1966). Remembering. The Philosophical Review, 75(2), 161-196. https://doi.org/10.2307/2183082
Michaelian, K. (2011). Generative memory. Philosophical Psychology, 24(3), 323–342. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2011.559623
Perrin, D. (2012). Qu'est-ce que se souvenir ? Vrin.
Robins, S. (2016). Representing the past: memory traces and the causal theory of memory. Philosophical Studies, 173(11), 2993–3013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-016-0647-x
2018-05-24
2022-02-18
causalism
causalisme
théorie causaliste de la mémoire
En philosophie, théorie selon laquelle il existe une connexion causale appropriée entre un évènement et le souvenir de cet évènement au travers d'une trace mnésique.
In philosophy, the theory that there is an appropriate causal connection between an event and the memory of that event through a memory trace.
causal theory of memory
théorie causale de la mémoire

Frank Arnould
Sternberg, S. (1966). High-speed scanning in human memory. Science, 153(3736), 652-654. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.153.3736.652
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Theory that retrieval of an item from short-term memory is the result of an exhaustive and serial search of all stored items, item by item (Sternberg, 1966).
Théorie selon laquelle, pour récupérer un item en mémoire à court terme, une recherche exhaustive et sérielle est lancée sur l’ensemble des items stockés, item par item (Sternberg, 1966).

recherche sérielle
serial search
serial search theory
théorie de la recherche sérielle

Frank Arnould
Johnson, J. S., Simmering, V. R., & Buss, A. T. (2014). Beyond slots and resources: Grounding cognitive concepts in neural dynamics. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 76(6), 1630–1654. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-013-0596-9
Wijeakumar, S., & Spencer, J.P. (2021). A dynamic field theory of visual working memory. In R. Logie, V. Camos, & N. Cowan (Eds.), Working memory: State of the science (pp. 358–388). Oxford University Press.
2021-08-30
2023-09-04
« Dans la théorie des champs dynamiques (DFT), [la mémoire de travail] est un état attracteur où les représentations sont auto-entretenues par de fortes interactions récurrentes entre excitation et inhibition. » (Wijeakumar & Spencer, 2021, p. 358).
“In dynamic field theory (DFT), [working memory] is an attractor state where representations are self-sustained through strong recurrent interactions between excitation and inhibition.“ (Wijeakumar & Spencer, 2021, p. 358).
dynamic field theory
théorie des champs dynamiques

Frank Arnould
Lashley, S, K. (1929). Brain Mechanisms and Intelligence: A Quantitative Study of Injuries to the Brain (Vol. xi). University of Chicago Press.
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
Principe défini par Lashley (1929) selon lequel les déficits mnésiques de rats dans un labyrinthe sont fonction de l'étendue du cortex enlevé et non de la localisation de la lésion.
Principle defined by Lashley (1929) wherein the memory deficits of rats in a maze depend on the extent of the removed cortex and not the location of the lesion.

principe de l'action de masse
principle of mass action

Frank Arnould
Conway, M. A. (2005). Memory and the self. Journal of Memory and Language, 53(4), 594‑628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.08.005
Conway, M. A., Singer, J. A., & Tagini, A. (2004). The self and autobiographical memory : Correspondence and coherence. Social Cognition, 22(5), 491‑529. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.22.5.491.50768
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
An autobiographical memory is reconstructed to be coherent with what we are, our aspirations and current beliefs and the image we have of ourselves.
Un souvenir autobiographique est reconstruit de manière à être cohérent avec ce que nous sommes, nos aspirations et croyances actuelles et l'image que nous avons de nous-mêmes.
principe de cohérence
principle of coherence

Frank Arnould
Conway, M. A. (2005). Memory and the self. Journal of Memory and Language, 53(4), 594‑628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.08.005
Conway, M. A., Singer, J. A., & Tagini, A. (2004). The self and autobiographical memory : Correspondence and coherence. Social Cognition, 22(5), 491‑529. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.22.5.491.50768
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
An autobiographical memory should be most in line with our experience of reality.
Un souvenir autobiographique doit correspondre au mieux à notre expérience de la réalité.
principe de correspondance
principle of correspondence

Greene, N. R., & Naveh-Benjamin, M. (2019, November 18). A Specificity Principle of Memory: Evidence from Aging and Associative Memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/XK78C
Frank Arnould
Greene, N. R., & Naveh-Benjamin, M. (2020). A specificity principle of memory : Evidence from aging and associative memory. Psychological Science, 31(3), 316‑331. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620901760
Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2009). Principles of memory. Psychology Press.
2021-07-15
2023-09-04
"The specificity principle states that those tasks which require the retrieval of a unique piece of information, a single event, or a specific item, seem to be more vulnerable to interference or more likely to result in reduced performance than those tasks that can be completed using generic or gist-based information." (Surprenant & Neath, 2009, p. 217).
« Le principe de spécificité stipule que les tâches qui nécessitent la récupération d'une information unique, d'un événement unique ou d'un élément spécifique semblent être plus vulnérables aux interférences ou plus susceptibles d'entraîner une réduction des performances que les tâches qui peuvent être effectuées à l'aide d'informations génériques ou essentielles. » (Surprenant & Neath, 2009, p. 217).
principe de la spécificité
principe de spécificité
specificity principle

Frank Arnould
Hockley, W. (2010). Memory: Lawless but principled? Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 64(4), 273–281. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021773
Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2009). Principles of memory. Psychology Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Principe stipulant que les sujets se souviennent mieux des items qui se distinguent le plus des items alternatifs au moment de la récupération.
Principle stipulating that "memory performance will depend on how much the to-be-remembered event differs from other alternatives that must be distinguished at the time of retrieval." (Hockley, 2010, p. 275).
principe de distinctivité relative
relative distinctiveness principle

Frank Arnould
Estes, W. K. (1955a). Statistical theory of distributional phenomena in learning. Psychological Review, 62(5), 369-377. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046888
Estes, W. K. (1955b). Statistical theory of spontaneous recovery and regression. Psychological Review, 62(3), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0048509
2017-12-04
2022-03-16
Principe selon lequel la mémoire d'un matériel est améliorée quand il est encodé dans des conditions environnementales et psychologiques variées.
Principle that memory is improved when the material is encoded in various environmental and psychological conditions.
encoding variability principle
principe de la variabilité de l'encodage

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
conceptual model
graphical model
modèle conceptuel
modèle graphique
modèle verbal
verbal model
Modèle non formalisé, exprimé en langage naturel.
Non-formal model, expressed in natural language.
conceptual models
graphical models
modèles conceptuels
modèles graphiques
modèles non computationnels
modèles verbaux
non-computational models
verbal models
modèle non computationnel
non-computational model

Hartshorne, J. K. (2019, April 12). The effect of working memory maintenance on long-term memory. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KYGT5
Loaiza, V. M., & Lavilla, E. T. (2021, June 25). Elaborative strategies contribute to the long-term benefits of time in working memory. https://osf.io/3rqgf
Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2023, March 6). Time to process information in working memory improves episodic memory. https://osf.io/ctgr3
Hartshorne, J. K., & Makovski, T. (2019). The effect of working memory maintenance on long-term memory. Memory & Cognition, 47(4), 749–763. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00908-6
Jarjat, G., Hoareau, V., Plancher, G., Hot, P., Lemaire, B., & Portrat, S. (2018). What makes working memory traces stable over time?: Working memory conditions for long-term recall. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1424(1), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13668
Loaiza, V. M., & Lavilla, E. T. (2021). Elaborative strategies contribute to the long-term benefits of time in working memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 117, 104205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104205
Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2017). Time to process information in working memory improves episodic memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 96, 155‑167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2017.07.002
2023-08-22
Frank Arnould
2023-08-22
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
time in-WM hypothesis
Hypothesis according to which the overall time items spend in working memory predicts their recall in episodic memory.
Hypothèse selon laquelle le temps total que passent les items en mémoire de travail prédit leur rappel en mémoire épisodique.
hypothèse du temps en mémoire de travail
time in-working-memory hypothesis

Frank Arnould
Slotnick, S. D., & Schacter, D. L. (2004). A sensory signature that distinguishes true from false memories. Nature Neuroscience, 7(6), 664–672. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1252
Slotnick, S. D., & Schacter, D. L. (2006). The nature of memory related activity in early visual areas. Neuropsychologia, 44(14), 2874–2886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.06.021
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Hypothèse selon laquelle les régions cérébrales sensorielles activées pendant la mémorisation d'un souvenir seraient réactivées pendant la récupération du souvenir. Contrairement aux faux souvenirs, les vrais souvenirs réactiveraient ces zones sensorielles associées aux expériences vécues.
The hypothesis that the sensory brain regions activated during memory encoding are reactivated during memory retrieval. In contrast to false memories, true memories are thought to reactivate these sensory areas associated with experienced events.
hypothèse de la réactivation sensorielle
sensory reactivation hypothesis

Frank Arnould
Davis, C. P., & Yee, E. (2021). Building semantic memory from embodied and distributional language experience. WIREs Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1555
Firth, J. R. (1957). A synopsis of linguistic theory 1930-1955. In Studies in linguistic analysis (pp. 1-32). Wiley-Blackwell.
Harris, Z. (1954). Distributional structure. Word, 10(23): 146-162. https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.1954.11659520
Kumar, A. A., Steyvers, M., & Balota, D. A. (2021). A critical review of network‐based and distributional approaches to semantic memory structure and processes. Topics in Cognitive Science, 1. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12548
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
distributional semantics
sémantique distributionnelle
Hypothèse selon laquelle les mots qui apparaissent dans les mêmes contextes linguistiques partagent des significations similaires.
The hypothesis that words that occur in the same linguistic contexts share similar meanings.

distributional hypothesis
hypothèse distributionnelle

Frank Arnould
Klinzing, J. G., Niethard, N., & Born, J. (2019). Mechanisms of systems memory consolidation during sleep. Nature Neuroscience, 22(10), 1598‑1610. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-019-0467-3
Paller, K. A., Creery, J. D., & Schechtman, E. (2021). Memory and sleep : How sleep cognition can change the waking mind for the better. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 123-50. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050815
2020-11-03
2023-09-04
Hypothèse selon laquelle les traces mnésiques sont consolidées pendant le sommeil à ondes lentes par leur réactivation dans l'hippocampe.
The hypothesis that memory traces are consolidated during slow wave sleep through hippocampal reactivation.
active systems consolidation hypothesis
hypothèse de consolidation active des systèmes

Frank Arnould
Chrobak, Q. M., & Zaragoza, M. S. (2013). When forced fabrications become truth: Causal explanations and false memory development. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 142(3), 827-844. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030093
2017-12-04
Rindal, E. J., Chrobak, Q. M., Zaragoza, M. S., & Weihing, C. A. (2017). Mechanisms of eyewitness suggestibility: Tests of the explanatory role hypothesis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(5), 1413–1425. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1201-8 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-04-18
Hypothèse selon laquelle les suggestions favorisent la formation de faux souvenirs lorsqu'elles fournissent une explication à un évènement.
The hypothesis that suggestions increase the likelihood of developing false memories if they provide an explanation for the event.
explanatory role hypothesis
hypothèse du rôle explicatif

Frank Arnould
Naveh-Benjamin, M. (2000). Adult age differences in memory performance: Tests of an associative deficit hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26(5), 1170-1187. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.26.5.1170
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Hypothèse selon laquelle les troubles de la mémoire épisodique chez les personnes âgées s'expliqueraient par leurs difficultés à encoder et à récupérer des associations.
The hypothesis that impaired episodic memory in the elderly could be explained by their difficulty in encoding and retrieving associations.
associative deficit
associative deficits
déficit associatif
déficits associatifs
hypothèse des déficits associatifs
associative deficit hypothesis
hypothèse du déficit associatif

Frank Arnould
De Montpellier, G. (1936). L’inhibition rétroactive et la courbe Skaggs-Robinson. Journal de psychologie normale et pathologique, 33, 133-147. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9657226r/f137.item
Robinson, E. S. (1927). The “similarity” factor in retroaction. The American Journal of Psychology, 39(1/4), 297-312. https://doi.org/10.2307/1415419
Skaggs, E. . (1925). Further studies in retroactive inhibition. Psychology Monographs, 34(8), 1-60. https://archive.org/details/psychologicalmon348ameruoft
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Skaggs-Robinson curve
Skaggs-Robinson law
courbe Skaggs-Robinson
loi de Skaggs-Robinson
paradoxe de la similiarité
similarity paradox
Hypothèse selon laquelle le niveau d’interférence rétroactive est fonction du degré de similarité entre la première tâche de mémoire et la seconde tâche de mémoire. Quand les deux tâches sont identiques ou presque identiques, la rétention des items de la première tâche est supposée être élevée. Quand le degré de similarité atteint un niveau intermédiaire, la rétention des items de la première tâche est supposée être faible. Quand les deux tâches sont différentes, la rétention des items de la première tâche est supposée être meilleure, mais sans atteindre son niveau le plus élevé (Robinson, 1927 ; Skaggs, 1925).
The hypothesis that the degree of retroactive interference is a function of the degree of similarity between the primary memory task and the secondary memory task. When the two tasks are identical or nearly identical, retention of items from the primary task is assumed to be high. If the degree of similarity is intermediate, retention of items from the primary task is assumed to be low. If the two tasks are different, retention of items from the primary task is assumed to be better, but not at the highest level (Robinson, 1927; Skaggs, 1925).
Skaggs-Robinson hypothesis
hypothèse de Skaggs-Robinson

Frank Arnould
Cabeza, R. (2008). Role of parietal regions in episodic memory retrieval: The dual attentional processes hypothesis. Neuropsychologia, 46(7), 1813–1827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.03.019
Ciaramelli, E., & Moscovitch, M. (2020). The space for memory in posterior parietal cortex: Re-analyses of bottom-up attention data. Neuropsychologia, 146, 107551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107551
Ciaramelli, E., Grady, C. L., & Moscovitch, M. (2008). Top-down and bottom-up attention to memory: A hypothesis (AtoM) on the role of the posterior parietal cortex in memory retrieval. Neuropsychologia, 46(7), 1828–1851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.03.022
Ciaramelli, E., Grady, C., Levine, B., Ween, J., & Moscovitch, M. (2010). Top-down and bottom-up attention to memory are dissociated in posterior parietal cortex: Neuroimaging and neuropsychological evidence. Journal of Neuroscience, 30(14), 4943–4956. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1209-09.2010
Hutchinson, J. B., Uncapher, M. R., & Wagner, A. D. (2009). Posterior parietal cortex and episodic retrieval: Convergent and divergent effects of attention and memory. Learning & Memory, 16(6), 343–356. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.919109
2022-03-22
2023-09-04
AtoM
AtoM
attention-to-memory model
dual attentional processes hypothesis
hypothèse des processus attentionnés duels
modèle de l’attention à la mémoire
Hypothèse selon laquelle « le CPD [cortex pariétal dorsal] contribue à l'allocation des ressources attentionnelles aux opérations de récupération en mémoire, par exemple pendant la recherche mnésique et la surveillance post-récupération (attention descendante sur la mémoire), tandis que le CPV [cortex pariétal ventral] joue un rôle de médiateur dans le changement du siège de l’attention après la détection de souvenirs pertinents (attention ascendante sur la mémoire […]) » (Ciameralli & Moscovitch, 2020, p. 2).
The hypothesis according to which “DPC [dorsal parietal cortex] supports the allocation of attentional resources to memory retrieval operations, for example during memory search and post-retrieval monitor (top-down attention to memory), whereas VPC [ventral parietal cortex] mediates the change in the locus of attention following detection of relevant memories (bottom-up attention to memory […])” (Ciameralli & Moscovitch, 2020, p. 2).
attention-to-memory hypothesis
hypothèse de l’attention à la mémoire

Frank Arnould
Angel, L., & Isingrini, M. (2015). Le vieillissement neurocognitif : Entre pertes et compensation. L'Année Psychologique, Vol. 115(2), 289‑324. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503314000104
Haitas, N., Amiri, M., Wilson, M., Joanette, Y., & Steffener, J. (2021). Age-preserved semantic memory and the CRUNCH effect manifested as differential semantic control networks : An fMRI study. PLOS ONE, 16(6), e0249948. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249948
Jamadar, S. D. (2020). The CRUNCH model does not account for load-dependent changes in visuospatial working memory in older adults. Neuropsychologia, 142, 107446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107446
Reuter-Lorenz, P. A., & Cappell, K. A. (2008). Neurocognitive aging and the compensation hypothesis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17(3), 177‑182. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00570.x
Reuter-lorenz, P. A., & Mikels, J. A. (2006). The aging mind and brain : Implications of enduring plasticity for behavioral and cultural change. In P. B. Baltes, P. A. Reuter-Lorenz, & F. Rösler (Eds.), Lifespan Development and the Brain (p. 255‑276). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511499722.014
2021-06-16
2023-09-04
CRUNCH
CRUNCH
"CRUNCH proposes that during task performance, as task difficulty (or load) increases, more cortical regions will be activated. Older adults reach their load capacity sooner than younger adults, so at easy and intermediate levels of task difficulty, they will recruit more neural resources than younger adults – the classic ‘compensation’ effect. At higher levels of load, the compensatory mechanism is no longer effective, leading to less activation and poorer performance in older vs. younger adults." (Jamadar, 2020, p. 2).
« CRUNCH propose que pendant l'exécution d'une tâche, plus la difficulté (ou la charge) de la tâche augmente, plus le nombre de régions corticales activées sera important. Les adultes plus âgés atteignent leur capacité de charge plus tôt que les jeunes adultes, de sorte qu'à des niveaux faciles et intermédiaires de difficulté de la tâche, ils recruteront davantage de ressources neuronales que les jeunes adultes - l'effet classique de "compensation". À des niveaux de charge plus élevés, le mécanisme de compensation n'est plus efficace, ce qui entraîne une activation moindre et des performances plus faibles chez les adultes plus âgés que chez les jeunes. » (Jamadar, 2020, p. 2).
Compensation Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis
hypothèse de l'utilisation compensatoire des circuits neuronaux

Frank Arnould
Hege, A. C. G., & Dodson, C. S. (2004). Why distinctive information reduces false memories: Evidence for both impoverished relational-encoding and distinctiveness heuristic accounts. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(4), 787–795. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.4.787
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Hypothèse proposée par Hege et Dodson (2004) pour expliquer pourquoi l'étude d'informations distinctives réduit les faux souvenirs. Selon cette hypothèse, les informations distinctives interfèrent avec le codage des informations relationnelles ou associatives, ces dernières étant la source principale des faux souvenirs.
The hypothesis proposed by Hege and Dodson (2004) to explain why the study of distinctive information reduces false memories. According to this hypothesis, the distinctive details interfere with the encoding of relational or associative information, the latter being the main source of false memories.
encodage relationnel appauvri
impoverished relational-encoding

Frank Arnould
Bugelski, B. R. (1962). Presentation time, total time, and mediation in paired-associate learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63(4), 409-412. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045665
Cooper, E. H., & Pantle, A. J. (1967). The total-time hypothesis in verbal learning. Psychological Bulletin, 68(4), 221-234. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0025052
Kahana, M. J. (2012). Foundations of human memory. Oxford University Press.
Murdock, B. B. J. (1960). The immediate retention of unrelated words. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 60(4), 222-234. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045145
2017-12-04
2023-03-17
loi du temps total
total-time law
Hypothèse selon laquelle la rétention d'informations dépendrait du temps total alloué pour les étudier. Par exemple, le même nombre d’items devrait être rappelé quand 20 items sont étudiés pendant 3 secondes chacun et quand 60 items sont étudiés pendant 1 seconde chacun (d’après Kahana, 2012, p. 188).
“The total-time hypothesis states that a fixed amount of time is necessary to learn a fixed amount of material regardless of the number of individual trials into which that time is divided. If, for example, it takes 10 seconds to learn each of the items of a given list, the total-time hypothesis would predict that a subject could reach criterion in either 20 .5-second-per-item trials or 10 1-second per-item trials or 5 2-second-per-item trials or 1 10-second-per-item trial.” (Cooper & Pantle, 1967, p. 221).
hypothèse du temps total
total-time hypothesis

Frank Arnould
Angel, L., & Isingrini, M. (2015). Le vieillissement neurocognitif : Entre pertes et compensation. L'Année Psychologique, Vol. 115(2), 289‑324. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503314000104
Salthouse, T. A. (1996). The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychological Review, 103(3), 403-428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.103.3.403
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Hypothèse selon laquelle le vieillissement s'accompagnerait d'un ralentissement de la vitesse de traitement des informations. Ce ralentissement pourrait expliquer les difficultés éprouvées par les personnes âgées dans certaines tâches de mémoire.
The hypothesis that aging is associated with a slowing of information processing speed, explaining the difficulties older people have with some memory tasks.
cognitive slowing
ralentissement cognitif
ralentissements cognitifs
cognitive slowing hypothesis
hypothèse du ralentissement cognitif

Frank Arnould
Pyc, M. A., & Rawson, K. A. (2009). Testing the retrieval effort hypothesis: Does greater difficulty correctly recalling information lead to higher levels of memory? Journal of Memory and Language, 60(4), 437–447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2009.01.004
2017-12-04
2018-04-17
Retention is enhanced with success to difficult memory tests compared to easy memory tests.
Réussir des tests de récupération difficiles améliore plus la mémoire que réussir des tests faciles.
hypothèse de l'effort de récupération
retrieval effort hypothesis

Frank Arnould
Guskjolen, A., Kenney, J. W., Parra, J. de la, Yeung, B. A., Josselyn, S. A., & Frankland, P. W. (2018). Recovery of “lost” infant memories in mice. Current Biology, 28(14), 2283-2290.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.05.059
Josselyn, S. A., & Frankland, P. W. (2012). Infantile amnesia: A neurogenic hypothesis. Learning & Memory, 19(9), 423-433. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.021311.110
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Antoine Bouyeure
hypothèse de la neurogenèse
Hypothèse formulée par Josselyn et Frankland (2012) pour expliquer l'amnésie infantile. L'hippocampe des nourrissons (humains, primates non humains et rongeurs) connait une forte neurogenèse provoquant un remplacement des connexions synaptiques existantes dans les circuits hippocampiques de la mémoire (réseaux de neurones de l'hippocampe codant des souvenirs). Par conséquent, ce niveau élevé de neurogenèse s'accompagne d'une incapacité à former des souvenirs stables à long terme. Quand le niveau de neurogenèse décroit, la formation de souvenirs à long terme devient alors possible.
The hypothesis proposed by Josselyn and Frankland (2012) to explain infantile amnesia. The hippocampus of infants (humans, non-human primates, and rodents) undergoes a high level of neurogenesis, resulting in the replacement of existing synaptic connections in hippocampal memory circuits (neural networks in the hippocampus that encode memories). Therefore, this high level of neurogenesis is accompanied by an inability to form stable long-term memories. When the level of neurogenesis decreases, the formation of long-term memories becomes possible.
hypothèse neurogénétique
neurogenic hypthothesis

Frank Arnould
Badham, S. P., Justice, L. V., Jones, L. N., & Myers, J. A. C. (in press). An older adult advantage in autobiographical recall. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition. https://doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2022.2063789
Craik, F. (2022). Reducing age-related memory deficits: The roles of environmental support and self-initiated processing activities. Experimental Aging Research, 48, 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/0361073X.2022.2084660
Craik, F. I. M. (1986). A functional account of age differences in memory. In F. Klix & H. Hagendorf (Eds.), Human memory and cognitive capabilities (pp. 409-422). Elsevier.
2017-12-04
2023-04-19
Hypothèse selon laquelle les adultes âgés échoueraient dans différentes tâches de mémoire, car ils éprouveraient plus de difficultés que les jeunes adultes à initier d’eux-mêmes des opérations de traitement. Des informations présentes dans l’environnement leur permettraient alors de compenser ces difficultés.
The hypothesis that older adults fail at various memory tasks because they are thought to have more difficulty than younger adults in initiating information processing on their own. Information from the environment is used to compensate for these difficulties.
environmental support hypothesis
hypothèse du soutien environnemental

Frank Arnould
Schouten, J. F., & Bekker, J. A. M. (1967). Reaction time and accuracy. Acta Psychologica, 27, 143-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(67)90054-6
2017-12-04
2022-03-16
Dans un test de reconnaissance, le sujet est invité à reconnaitre ou non chaque item après un signal dont l'expérimentateur fait varier le moment d'apparition de manière aléatoire en fonction des essais.
In a recognition test, the subject is asked to recognize or not each item after a signal of which the experimenter randomly varies the time of occurrence.
procédure du signal de la réponse
response signal procedure

Frank Arnould
Abdi, H. (1994). Les réseaux de neurones. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble.
Alexandre, F. (2000). Modèles connexionnistes de la mémoire. Thérapie, 55, 525-532.
Bechtel, W., Abrahamsen, A. (1993). Le connexionnisme et l'esprit. Introduction au traitement parallèle par réseaux. La découverte.
McCulloch, W. S., & Pitts, W. (1943). A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity. Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 5, 115‑133. https://doi-org.insb.bib.cnrs.fr/10.1007/BF02478259
McCullogh, W.S., Pitts, W. (1943). Un calcul logique des idées immanentes dans l'activité nerveuse. In Pélissier, A., Tête, A. (Eds.), (1995). Sciences cognitives : textes fondateurs. PUF.
Mermillod, M. (2014). Les réseaux de neurones artificiels. De Boeck.
Murre, J. M. J. (2010). Connectionist models of forgetting. In S. Della Sala (Ed.), Forgetting (pp. 77–99). Psychology Press.
Rosenblatt, F. (1958). The perceptron: A probabilistic model for information storage and organization in the brain. Psychological Review, 65(6), 386–408. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0042519
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
ANN model
artifical neural network model
connectionism
connectionist network
connexionnisme
formal neural network model
modèle de réseau de neurones
modèle de réseau de neurones artificiels
modèle de réseau de neurones formels
neoconnectionism
neural network model
néoconnexionnisme
parallel distributed processing
réseau connexionniste
réseau neuronal artificiel
traitement parallèle distribué
Terme général pour désigner l’un des paradigmes des sciences cognitives s’inspirant du fonctionnement du cerveau (bien que certains auteurs contestent la réalité biologique des modèles connexionnistes.) Les modèles connexionnistes essaient de rendre compte des activités cognitives comme la mémoire, la perception, le langage en supposant que celles-ci s’effectuent au moyen de réseaux d’unités de traitement de l’information élémentaires (qualifiés de réseaux de neurones artificiels.) Ainsi, un souvenir dans ces modèles de simulation est considéré comme un état particulier d’un réseau et est caractérisé notamment par le poids des connexions entre les unités.
The general term for one of the paradigms in cognitive science, inspired by the functioning of the brain (although some authors challenge the biological reality of connectionist models.) Connectionist models attempt to account for cognitive activities such as memory, perception, language, assuming these are done through networks of elementary information processing units (referred to as artificial neural networks). Thus, a memory in these simulation models is considered to be a particular state of a network and is characterized in particular by the weights of the connections between the units.

ANN models
artifical neural network models
connectionist models
connectionist networks
formal neural network models
modèles connexionnistes
modèles de réseaux de neurones
modèles de réseaux de neurones artificiels
modèles de réseaux de neurones formels
neural network models
réseaux connexionnistes
réseaux neuronaux artificiels
traitements parallèles distribués
connectionist model
modèle connexionniste

Frank Arnould
Caliskan, A., & Lewis, M. (2020). Social biases in word embeddings and their relation to human cognition. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d84kg
Kumar, A. A. (2021). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(1), 40‑80. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Lake, B. M., & Murphy, G. L. (in press). Word meaning in minds and machines. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000297
2021-06-08
2023-09-04
plongement de mots
"Les plongements de mots sont des représentations numériques de mots de faible dimension, générées par des méthodes d'intelligence artificielle (IA) qui prennent en compte les statistiques de cooccurrence des mots. L'hypothèse sur laquelle reposent ces modèles est que les mots situés à proximité les uns des autres dans l'espace vectoriel sont sémantiquement similaires. La similarité entre deux sens de mots, tels que "assiette" et "bol", peut être quantifiée par la similarité cosinus entre les vecteurs correspondants dans le modèle." (Calistan & Lewis, 2020, p. 3).
"Word embeddings are low-dimensional numeric representations of words generated by artificial intelligence (AI) methods that capture word co-occurrence statistics. The assumption in these models is that words located in close proximity to one another in the vector space are semantically similar. The similarity between two word meanings, such as “plate" and “bowl", can be quantified by taking the cosine distance between the corresponding vectors in the model." (Calistan & Lewis, 2020, p. 3).
plongements de mots
plongements lexicaux
word embeddings
plongement lexical
word embedding

Frank Arnould
Bellissens, M., Thérouanne, P., & Denhiere, G. (2004). Les modèles vectoriels de la mémoire sémantique: Description, validation et perspectives. Le Langage et L’Homme : Logopédie, Psychologie, Audiologie, 34, 101–122.
Günther, F., Rinaldi, L., & Marelli, M. (2019). Vector-space models of semantic representation from a cognitive perspective : A discussion of common misconceptions. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1745691619861372. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691619861372
Kumar, A. A. (2020). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x
2020-10-26
Jones, M. N., Willits, J. A., & Dennis, S. (2015). Models of semantic memory. In J. R. Busemeyer, Z. Wang, J. T. Townsend, & A. Eidels (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of computational and mathematical psychology (p. 232‑254). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
corpus-based model
distributional semantic model
modèle de cooccurrence de mots
modèle de l'espace sémantique
modèle sémantique distributionnel
modèle à base de corpus
semantic-space model
vector-space model
word co-occurrence model
"A general approach to concept learning and representation from statistical redundancies in the environment." (Jones et al., 2015, p. 250).
« Approche générale de l'apprentissage et de la représentation des concepts à partir des redondances statistiques présentes dans l'environnement. » (Jones et al., 2015, p. 250).
corpus-based models
distributional models
distributional semantic models
modèle de co-occurrence de mots
modèles de co-occurrence de mots
modèles de cooccurrence de mots
modèles de l'espace sémantique
modèles distributionnels
modèles sémantiques distributionnels
modèles à base de corpus
semantic-space models
vector-space models
word co-occurrence models
distributional model
modèle distributionnel

Frank Arnould
Oberauer, K., Lewandowsky, S., Farrell, S., Jarrold, C., & Greaves, M. (2012). Modeling working memory: An interference model of complex span. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 19(5), 779-819. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-012-0272-4
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
SOB-CS
Serial Order in a Box – Complex Span
Connectionist model of the complex span explaining the limitations of working memory capacity by interference mechanisms: "SOB-CS is a two-layer neural network that associates distributed item representations with distributed, overlapping position markers. Memory capacity limits are explained by interference from a superposition of associations. Concurrent processing interferes with memory through involuntary encoding of distractors. Free time in-between distractors is used to remove irrelevant representations, thereby reducing interference." (Oberauer et al., 2012, p. 779).
Modèle connexionniste de l'empan complexe expliquant les limites de la capacité de la mémoire de travail par des mécanismes d'interférence.
SOB-CS
SOB-CS model
modèle SOB-CS

Frank Arnould
Brown, G. D. A., Preece, T., & Hulme, C. (2000). Oscillator-based memory for serial order. Psychological Review, 107(1), 127-181. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.1.127
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
OSCillator-based Associative Recall
A computational model of serial recall in short-term memory. Each item in a list is represented by a vector. This vector is associated with a dynamic vector representing the context, through Hebbian learning. The vector of the learning context represents the successive changes of different temporal oscillators throughout the sequence of presentation of the items. These oscillators operate at different frequencies (some are slow, other fast). Remembering the order of items consists of reinstating the temporal learning context by resetting the oscillators. Each successive state context is then used to retrieve the vector of the item associated with it.
Modèle computationnel du rappel sériel en mémoire à court terme. Chaque item d'une liste est représenté par un vecteur. Ce vecteur est associé à un vecteur dynamique, représentant le contexte, par apprentissage hebbien. Le vecteur du contexte d'apprentissage représente les changements d'état de différents oscillateurs temporels tout au long de la séquence de présentation des items. Ces oscillateurs fonctionnent à des fréquences différentes (certains sont lents, d'autres rapides). Rappeler l'ordre des items consiste à restaurer le contexte temporel d'apprentissage en réinitialisant les oscillateurs. Chaque état successif du contexte sert alors d'indice pour récupérer le vecteur de l'item qui lui est associé.
OSCAR model
modèle OSCAR

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
réseau de neurones non bouclé
réseau de neurones à propagation avant
Type de réseau neuronal dans lequel l'activation se propage dans une seule direction, de la couche d'entrée vers la couche cachée, puis de la couche cachée vers la couche de sortie.
Type of neural network in which the activation is propagated in one direction from the input layer to the hidden layer, and then from the hidden layer to the output layer.

feedforward neural networks
réseaux de neurones non bouclés
réseaux de neurones unidirectionnels
réseaux de neurones à propagation avant
feedforward neural network
réseau de neurones unidirectionnel

Frank Arnould
Lund, K., & Burgess, C. (1996). Producing high-dimensional semantic spaces from lexical co-occurrence. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 28(2), 203‑208. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03204766
2020-10-26
2023-09-04
Hyperspace Analog to Language model
modèle Hyperspace Analog to Language
A computational model of semantic memory based on the analysis of the co-occurrence frequency of words in texts in order to represent the meaning of these words and their similarities in a high-dimensional semantic space.
Modèle computationnel de la mémoire sémantique qui se base sur l’analyse de la fréquence de cooccurrence des mots dans des textes pour représenter le sens de ces mots et leurs similarités dans un espace sémantique à grande dimension.
HAL model
modèle HAL

Frank Arnould
Blei, D. M. (2012). Probabilistic topic models. Communications of the ACM, 55(4), 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1145/2133806.2133826
Griffiths, T. L., & Steyvers, M. (2004). Finding scientific topics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(suppl 1), 5228‑5235. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0307752101
Griffiths, T. L., Steyvers, M., & Tenenbaum, J. B. (2007). Topics in semantic representation. Psychological Review, 114(2), 211‑244. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.2.211
Kumar, A. A. (2020). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x
2020-10-28
Jones, M. N., Willits, J. A., & Dennis, S. (2015). Models of semantic memory. In J. R. Busemeyer, Z. Wang, J. T. Townsend, & A. Eidels (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of computational and mathematical psychology (p. 232‑254). Oxford University Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
modèle thématique
topic model
topic modeling
"A generative probabilistic model that uses Bayesian inference to abstract the mental “topics” used to compose a set of documents." (Jones et al., 2015, p. 251).
« Modèle probabiliste génératif qui utilise l'inférence bayésienne pour abstraire les "thèmes" mentaux qui servent à composer un ensemble de documents. » (Jones et al., 2015, p. 251).

modèles de topiques probabilistes
modèles thématiques
probabilistic topic models
topic modelling
topic models
modèle de topiques probabiliste
probabilistic topic model

Heathcote, A., & Matzke, D. (2022). Winner takes all! What are race models, and why and how should psychologists use them? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 31(5), 383–394. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221095852
Miller, J. (2016). Statistical facilitation and the redundant signals effect: What are race and coactivation models? Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 78(2), 516–519. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-015-1017-z
Raab, D. H. (1962). Statistical facilitation of simple reaction times. Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, 24(5 Series II), 574–590. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2164-0947.1962.tb01433.x
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-15
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
A quantitative model in which decision-making results from a competition between two or more cognitive processes.
Modèle quantitatif concevant la prise de décision comme résultant de la course entre deux ou plusieurs processus cognitifs.
modèle de course
race model

Frank Arnould
Hintzman, D. L. (1986). « Schema abstraction » in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review, 93(4), 411‑428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.93.4.411
Logan, G. D. (1988). Toward an instance theory of automatization. Psychological Review, 95(4), 492‑527. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.95.4.492
Whittlesea, B. W. (1987). Preservation of specific experiences in the representation of general knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13(1), 3‑17. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.13.1.3
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
Computational models of memory in which each encoded item will leave a unique trace in memory.
Modèles computationnels de la mémoire dans lesquels chaque élément encodé va laisser une trace unique en mémoire.

modèles à traces multiples
multiple trace models
modèle à traces multiples
multiple trace model

Frank Arnould
Anderson, J. R., Bothell, D., Byrne, M. D., Douglass, S., Lebiere, C., & Qin, Y. (2004). An integrated theory of the mind. Psychological Review, 111(4), 1036–1060. https://doi.org/10.7/0033-295X.111.4.1036
Ritter, F. E., Tehranchi, F., & Oury, J. D. (2019). ACT-R: A cognitive architecture for modeling cognition. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 10(3), e1488. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1488
2017-12-04
2023-03-29
ACT-R
ACT-R
"ACT-R is a theory of the mechanisms that make up cognition, a cognitive architecture. The theory posits a fixed set of mechanisms that use task knowledge to perform a task thereby predicting and explaining the steps of cognition that form human behavior. Thus, it is one example of a unified theory of cognition […]. Currently, it also predicts the activation of brain regions used to generate behavior by using mechanisms that make use of procedural (how to do a task) and declarative (facts about the world) knowledge, and working memory as activation, to perform tasks." (Ritter et al., 2019).
ACT-R est une architecture cognitive qui propose une théorie unifiée de la cognition. La théorie comprend différents modules (en particulier, des modules perceptivo-moteurs, de mémoire déclarative, de buts, de mémoire procédurale, de mémoire de travail). Elle décrit la manière dont leur fonctionnement est intégré pour produire un comportement, ainsi que les régions cérébrales associées. ACT-R est une théorie hybride, associant des traitements sériels à des traitements parallèles de l’information et possède un niveau symbolique (règles, faits, buts) et un niveau subsymbolique. Elle permet de créer des modèles de simulation de la cognition, dont des modèles de l’apprentissage et de la mémoire.

Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational
Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational

Frank Arnould
Lambon Ralph, M. A. L., Jefferies, E., Patterson, K., & Rogers, T. T. (2017). The neural and computational bases of semantic cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 18(1), 42‑55. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2016.150
Patterson, K., Nestor, P. J., & Rogers, T. T. (2007). Where do you know what you know? The representation of semantic knowledge in the human brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 8(12), 976-987. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2277
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
A model of semantic memory. Sensory and motor information of a concept are processed by different modality-specific brain regions (spokes). These regions interact with a semantic hub, located in the lateral temporal lobes, which represents the concept in a unified and amodal manner.
Modèle de la mémoire sémantique. Différentes régions du cerveau traitent les modalités sensorielles et motrices d'un concept. Ces régions interagissent avec un hub sémantique, localisé dans les lobes temporaux latéraux, qui représente un concept de manière unifiée et amodale.
hub and spoke model
modèle hub-and-spoke

Frank Arnould
Ratcliff, R. (1978). A theory of memory retrieval. Psychological Review, 85(2), 59-108. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.85.2.59.
Ratcliff, R., Smith, P. L., Brown, S. D., & McKoon, G. (2016). Diffusion decision model: Current issues and history. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 20(4), 260-281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2016.01.007
Voss, A., Voss, J., & Lerche, V. (2015). Assessing cognitive processes with diffusion model analyses: a tutorial based on fast-dm-30. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 336. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00336. http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00336/full
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
diffusion modeling
A mathematical model for analyzing the cognitive processes involved in binary decision tasks. It was initially developed to understand recognition memory (Ratcliff, 1978), and is now applied to other cognitive and memory activities.
Modèle mathématique permettant d'analyser les processus cognitifs impliqués dans des tâches de décision binaires. Développé initialement pour comprendre la mémoire de reconnaissance (Ratcliff, 1978), il est aujourd'hui appliqué à d'autres activités cognitives et mnésiques.
diffusion models
modèles de diffusion
diffusion model
modèle de diffusion

Frank Arnould
Clark, S. E., & Gronlund, S. D. (1996). Global matching models of recognition memory: How the models match the data. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3(1), 37–60. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210740
Gillund, G., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1984). A retrieval model for both recognition and recall. Psychological Review, 91(1), 1-67. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-295X.91.1.1
Hintzman, D. L. (1984). MINERVA 2 : A simulation model of human memory. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 16(2), 96‑101. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202365
Humphreys, M. S., Bain, J. D., & Pike, R. (1989). Different ways to cue a coherent memory system: A theory for episodic, semantic, and procedural tasks. Psychological Review, 96(2), 208-233. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.96.2.208
Murdock, B. B. (1982). A theory for the storage and retrieval of item and associative information. Psychological Review, 89(6), 609-626. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.89.6.609
Osth, A. F., & Dennis, S. (in press). Global matching models of recognition memory. In M. J. Kahana & A. D. Wagner (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Human Memory. Oxford University Press.
Osth, A. F., Zhou, A., Lilburn, S. D., & Little, D. R. (in press). Novelty rejection in episodic memory. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000407
Pike, R. (1984). Comparison of convolution and matrix distributed memory systems for associative recall and recognition. Psychological Review, 91(3), 281‑294. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.91.3.281
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Computational models of memory "in which the probe item is matched against each item in memory and the similarity is computed. Subsequently, each of the similarities is aggregated via summation or averaging, producing a measure of global similarity that indexes the similarity between the probe cue and the stored memories." (Osth et al., in press).
Modèles computationnels de la mémoire dans lesquels « l’item sonde est comparé à chaque item de la mémoire et la similarité est calculée. Ensuite, chacune des similarités est agrégée par sommation ou moyennage, produisant une mesure de similarité globale qui indique la similarité entre l’indice sonde et les souvenirs stockés » (Osth et al., sous presse).
global matching models
modèles à appariement global
global matching model
modèle à appariement global

Frank Arnould
Henson, R. N. A. (1998). Short-term memory for serial order: The Start-End Model. Cognitive Psychology, 36(2), 73–137. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1998.0685
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Start-End Model
A computational model of serial recall in short-term memory (Henson, 1998). The position of an item in a sequence is encoded according to its position relative to the start and the end of the list, resulting in the formation of an episodic token of the position after each presentation and repetition of the item. Serial recall is achieved by selecting the best token for each position from the positional coding as a cue.
Modèle computationnel du rappel sériel en mémoire à court terme (Henson, 1998). La position d’un item dans une séquence est codée en fonction de sa position relative par rapport au début et à la fin de la liste, aboutissant à la formation d'une représentation épisodique (episodic token) de la position à chaque présentation et répétition de l'item. Le rappel sériel s'effectue en sélectionnant la meilleure représentation pour chaque position à partir du codage positionnel.
SEM model
modèle SEM

Frank Arnould
Dennis, S., & Humphreys, M. S. (2001). A context noise model of episodic word recognition. Psychological Review, 108(2), 452–478. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.108.2.452
Starns, J. J., White, C. N., & Ratcliff, R. (2010). A direct test of the differentiation mechanism: REM, BCDMEM, and the strength-based mirror effect in recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 63(1), 18–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2010.03.004
2020-06-22
2023-09-04
BCDMEM model
modèle BCDMEM
"BCDMEM [bind cue decide model of episodic memory] assumes that word recognition is a context noise process that involves cuing with a word to retrieve the set of contexts in which that word has been encountered. Performance is determined primarily by the other contexts in which the word has appeared and the degree of overlap between the study context and the context that the participant reinstates at test." (Dennis & Humphreys, 2001, p. 452).
« Le modèle BCDMEM [bind cue decide model of episodic memory] part du principe que la reconnaissance de mots repose sur un processus de bruit contextuel qui consiste à partir d'un mot servant d'indice pour retrouver l'ensemble des contextes dans lesquels ce mot a été rencontré. La performance est principalement déterminée par les autres contextes dans lesquels le mot est apparu et le degré de chevauchement entre le contexte d'étude et le contexte que le participant rétablit au test. » (Dennis & Humphreys, 2001, p. 452).
bind cue decide model of episodic memory
modèle liage indice décision de la mémoire épisodique

Frank Arnould
Chater, N., Oaksford, M., Hahn, U., & Heit, E. (2010). Bayesian models of cognition. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 1(6), 811-823. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.79
Griffiths, T. L., Kemp, C., & Tenenbaum, J. B. (2008). Bayesian models of cognition. In R. Sun (Éds.), Cambridge Handbook of Computational Pychology (p. 59–100). Cambridge University Press.
2017-12-04
2023-09-04
Le cerveau serait constamment en train d’effectuer des prédictions et de prendre des décisions dans l’incertitude en essayant de trouver une réponse optimale. Une approche en sciences cognitives tente de modéliser ce mode de fonctionnement en faisant appel à une formule élaborée par le mathématicien britannique Thomas Bayes (1702-1761). Très schématiquement, cette formule permet d’évaluer la probabilité d’un évènement au fur et à mesure que de nouvelles informations sont connues. L'approche bayésienne est utilisée pour modéliser de nombreuses activités cognitives, dont certains phénomènes de la mémoire.
The brain is constantly making predictions and decisions under uncertainty, trying to find an optimal response. An approach in cognitive science attempts to model this mode of functioning by using a formula developed by the British mathematician Thomas Bayes (1702-1761). In a nutshell, this formula evaluates the probability of an event as new information becomes known. The Bayesian approach is used to model many cognitive activities, including memory.
bayesian models
modèles bayésiens
bayesian model
modèle bayésien

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Espace multidimensionnel permettant de représenter le sens des mots.
Multidimensional space used to represent word meanings.

espaces sémantiques
semantic spaces
espace sémantique
semantic space

Frank Arnould
Smith, R. E., & Bayen, U. J. (2004). A multinomial model of event-based prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(4), 756–777. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.4.756
2021-09-03
2023-09-04
multinomial processing tree model
A statistical model of event-based prospective memory based on multinomial processing tree models and on the theory of preparatory attentional and memory processes (PAM). It is used to estimate several parameters, especially the retrospective and prospective components of prospective memory.
Modèle statistique de la mémoire prospective événementielle basé sur les modèles multinomiaux d’arbre de traitement (multinomial processing tree models) et sur la théorie des processus mnésiques et attentionnels préparatoires (PAM). Il permet d’estimer plusieurs paramètres, en particulier les composantes rétrospective et prospective de la mémoire prospective.
modèle multinomial de la mémoire prospective
multinomial model of prospective memory

Frank Arnould
Smith, E. E., Shoben, E. J., & Rips, L. J. (1974). Structure and process in semantic memory: A featural model for semantic decisions. Psychological review, 81(3), 214–241. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0036351
2017-12-04
2022-02-17
Model of semantic memory (Smith et al., 1974) according to which a concept is represented by a list of semantic features: sufficient and necessary features, called defining features, and characteristic features, which are typical of a concept or are non-essential. The processing of relationships between concepts is performed by comparison of their features.
Modèle de la mémoire sémantique (Smith et al., 1974) selon lequel un concept est représenté par une liste de traits sémantiques. Certains traits sont dits définitoires (defining features) et sont nécessaires et suffisants. D'autres traits sont dits caractéristiques (characteristic features), typiques d'un concept ou non essentiels. Le traitement des relations entre les concepts s'effectue par la comparaison de leurs traits.

feature comparison model
modèle de comparaison de traits

Frank Arnould
Barrouillet, P., & Camos, V. (2014). Working memory: Loss and reconstruction. Psychology Press.
Barrouillet, P., Bernardin, S., & Camos, V. (2004). Time constraints and resource sharing in adults’ working memory spans. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133(1), 83–100. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.133.1.83
Camos, V., & Barrouillet, P. (2014). Le développement de la mémoire de travail : perspectives dans le cadre du modèle de partage temporel des ressources. Psychologie Française, 59(1), 21-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2012.12.003
2017-12-04
2022-02-18
TBRS model
modèle TBRS
Model in which the functioning of working memory is based on the alternation between storage and information processing activities.
Modèle selon lequel le fonctionnement de la mémoire de travail repose sur l’alternance entre les activités de stockage et de traitement des informations.
modèle du partage temporel des ressources
time-based resource sharing model

Oberauer, K., & Lin, H.-Y. (2016, September 5). Interference Model of Visual Working Memory. https://osf.io/wgqd5/
Frank Arnould
Lin, H.-Y., & Oberauer, K. (2022). An interference model for visual working memory : Applications to the change detection task. Cognitive Psychology, 133, 101463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2022.101463
Oberauer, K., & Lin, H.-Y. (2017). An interference model of visual working memory. Psychological Review, 124(1), 21‑59. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000044
2022-03-01
2023-09-04
Computational model of visual working memory according to which its “capacity limit emerges from interference between representations maintained in working memory at the same time“ (Lin & Oberauer, 2022).
Modèle computationnel de la mémoire de travail visuelle selon lequel sa "limite de capacité émerge de l'interférence entre les représentations maintenues dans la mémoire de travail au même moment" (Lin & Oberauer, 2022).
interference model
modèle d’interférence

Frank Arnould
Valentine, T., & Endo, M. (1992). Towards an Exemplar Model of Face Processing: The Effects of Race and Distinctiveness. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 44(4), 671–703. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640749208401305
Valentine, T., Lewis, M. B., & Hills, P. J. (2016). Face-space: A unifying concept in face recognition research. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69(10), 1996–2019. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2014.990392
2017-12-04
2023-07-18
face space model
Model developed by Tim Valentine and collaborators describing how faces are thought to be stored in memory. Each face is represented by a value related to the dimensions of different aspects of a face (length of nose, elongation of the face, etc). Typical faces are concentrated in space and closest to the intersections of the axes. Distinctive faces are more distant and isolated, which would explain why the latter are better recognized than the former. There are actually two versions of the model: the exemplar model (faces are represented independently of a norm) and the prototype model (faces are represented as deviations from a prototype).
Modèle développé par Tim Valentine et collaborateurs, décrivant la manière dont seraient stockés les visages en mémoire. Chaque visage est représenté par une valeur sur des dimensions décrivant différents aspects des visages (longueur du nez, élongation du visage...) Les visages typiques sont concentrés dans l'espace et plus proches du croisement des axes. Les visages distinctifs sont plus éloignés et isolés. Ceci expliquerait pourquoi les seconds sont mieux reconnus que les premiers. Il existe en fait deux versions du modèle : le modèle par exemplaires (les visages sont représentés indépendamment d'une norme) et le modèle par prototype (les visages sont représentés comme des déviations par rapport à un prototype).
modèle de l'espace multidimensionnel des visages
multidimensional face space model

Frank Arnould
Bills, A. G. (1934). General experimental psychology. Longmans, Green and co.
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
S shape learning curve
courbe d'apprentissage en S
courbe d'apprentissage sigmoïde
sigmoid learning curve
A type of learning curve that indicates that the learning process starts slowly and then accelerates before it stabilizes.
Type de courbe d'apprentissage indiquant que l'apprentissage débute lentement, puis s'accélère avant de se stabiliser.
courbe d'apprentissage en ogive
ogive learning curve

Frank Arnould
Bills, A. G. (1934). General experimental psychology. Longmans, Green and co.
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
accélération négative
courbe à accélération négative
negative acceleration
negative learning curve
A type of learning curve that shows that learning is rapid at first, and then gradually slows down to reach a point where no further progress is observed (the asymptote).
Type de courbe d'apprentissage montrant qu'un apprentissage est d'abord rapide puis ralentit graduellement jusqu'à atteindre un stade où plus aucun progrès n'est observé (asymptote).
courbe d'apprentissage à accélération négative
negative acceleration learning curve

Frank Arnould
Bills, A. G. (1934). General experimental psychology. Longmans, Green and co.
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
accélération positive
courbe à accélération positive
positive acceleration
positive acceleration curve
A type of learning curve that indicates that the learning process starts slowly and then accelerates.
Type de courbe d'apprentissage indiquant que l'apprentissage débute lentement puis s'accélère.
courbe d'apprentissage à accélération positive
positive acceleration learning curve

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-03-15
fonction zROC
z-ROC
z-ROC
zROC function
The zRoc is a z-transformation of a ROC curve obtained by the computation of the z-scores of the hit and false alarms rates.
Transformation z d'une courbe ROC en calculant le score z des taux de détections correctes et de fausses alarmes.
courbes zROC
fonctions zROC
zROC curves
zROC functions
courbe zROC
zROC curve

Frank Arnould
Donders, F. C. (1868/1969). On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychologica, 30, 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(69)90065-1
Donders, F.C. (1868/2001). La vitesse des actes psychiques. Psychologie et Histoire, 2, 188-204. https://sites.google.com/site/psychologieethistoire/DONDERS.HTM
Yamaguchi, M., & Schweickert, R. (2019). Response time measure in memory research. In H. Otani & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in human memory (p. 67–83). Routledge.
2018-11-05
2022-03-13
latence de la réponse
response latency
response time
temps de réponse
Temps qui s’écoule entre le début du stimulus et le début de la réponse à ce stimulus.
Time elapsed between the onset of the stimulus and the onset of the response to that stimulus.

reaction times
response latencies
response times
reaction time
temps de réaction

Frank Arnould
Kahana, M. J., & Jacobs, J. (2000). Interresponse times in serial recall: Effects of intraserial repetition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26(5), 1188-1197. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.26.5.1188
Rohrer, D., & Wixted, J. T. (1994). An analysis of latency and interresponse time in free recall. Memory & Cognition, 22(5), 511–524. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198390
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
Temps écoulé entre deux réponses dans un test de rappel libre ou sériel.
Time between two responses in a free or serial recall test.
interresponse times
interresponse time
temps inter-réponses

Frank Arnould
Bousfield, W. A. (1953). The occurrence of clustering in the recall of randomly arranged associates. Journal of General Psychology, 49(2), 229. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1953.9712878
Coquin-Viennot, D. (1975). Recherche d’une organisation interne dans un ensemble de données. L’année Psychologique, 75(2), 575–597. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1975.28113
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
partitionnement
A strategy for grouping recalled items according to common features (e.g. semantic grouping, grouping by sensory modality of item presentation or by encoding task).
Stratégie de regroupement des items rappelés en fonction d'attributs communs (par exemple, regroupement sémantique, regroupement en fonction de la modalité sensorielle de présentation des items ou de la tâche d'encodage).
clustering
regroupement

Frank Arnould
Jacobs, J. (1887). Experiments on « Prehension ». Mind, 12(45), 75‑79. https://doi.org/10.2307/2246990
Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two : Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63(2), 81‑97. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043158
Shipstead, Z., & Nespodzany, A. (2019). Methods of studying working memory. In H. Otani & B. L. Schwartz (Éds.), Hnadbook of research methods in human memory (p. 84‑103). Routledge.
2021-08-31
2023-09-04
empan
span
Nombre maximum d'items dont un individu est capable de se souvenir en mémoire à court terme ou en mémoire de travail.
The maximum number of items an individual is able to remember in short-term or working memory.

empans
empans mnésiques
memory spans
spans
empan mnésique
memory span

Fisher Altevogt, L., Calabrese, P., Kalbe, E., & Kessler, J. (2002). DemTect: Un nouvel outil diagnostique de détection de la démence. Revue De Geriatrie, 27(6), 437–444.
Kalbe, E., Kessler, J., Calabrese, P., Smith, R., Passmore, A. P., Brand, M., & Bullock, R. (2004). DemTect: A new, sensitive cognitive screening test to support the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and early dementia. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19(2), 136–143. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1042
2023-03-30
Frank Arnould
2023-03-30
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Homme
Human
A cognitive screening tool for the diagnostic of mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia: immediate and delayed word recall, number transcoding, semantic word fluency, backward digit span.
Outil de dépistage cognitif pour le diagnostic du déficit cognitif léger et la démence : rappel immédiat et différé de mots, transcodage de nombres, fluence verbale sémantique et empan de chiffres inversé.
DemTect
DemTect

Frank Arnould
Luck, S. J., & Vogel, E. K. (1997). The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions. Nature, 390(6657), 279–281. https://doi.org/10.1038/36846
Phillips, W. A. (1974). On the distinction between sensory storage and short-term visual memory. Perception & Psychophysics, 16(2), 283-290. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03203943
Rouder, J. N., Morey, R. D., Morey, C. C., & Cowan, N. (2011). How to measure working memory capacity in the change detection paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 18(2), 324–330. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-011-0055-3
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
change detection task
comparaison d'arrangements visuels
tâche de détection du changement
visual arrays task
visual-array comparison
A method for the study of visual working memory capacity (Luck & Vogel, 1997). In each trial, a series of items (e.g. colored squares), whose number varies from one trial to another, is presented to the subject, followed, after a short delay, by an arrangement test. The subject is asked to indicate whether this arrangement is identical or different (e.g. one of the squares has a different color) to the previous arrangement. This method enables to study visual working memory capacity for a characteristic of an object (e.g. color), and a combination of characteristics (color and orientation, for example).
Méthode d’évaluation de la capacité de la mémoire de travail visuelle (Luck & Vogel, 1997). À chaque essai, une série d’éléments (par exemple, des carrés colorés), dont le nombre varie d’un essai à l’autre, est présentée au sujet, et suivie, après un bref délai, d’un arrangement test. Le sujet doit indiquer si cet arrangement est identique ou différent (par exemple, l’un des carrés a changé de couleur) de l’arrangement précédent. La précision de cette discrimination en fonction du nombre d’items dans les arrangements détermine le nombre d’éléments qui peuvent être retenus avec exactitude en mémoire de travail. Cette méthode permet d’étudier la capacité de la mémoire de travail visuelle pour une caractéristique d’un objet (par exemple, la couleur), et pour une conjonction de caractéristiques (couleur et orientation, par exemple).
change detection
détection du changement
change detection paradigm
paradigme de détection du changement

Frank Arnould
Manoochehri, M. (2021). Up to the magical number seven : An evolutionary perspective on the capacity of short term memory. Heliyon, 7(5), e06955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06955
2021-06-25
2023-09-04
chunking simple
« Processus de regroupement simple consiste à former un seul regroupement en utilisant des éléments élémentaires. » (Manoochehri, 2021)
“simple chunking refers to forming a single chunk by using elementary items” (Manoochehri, 2021).
processus de regroupement simple
simple chunking

Frank Arnould
Buschke, H. (1963a). Relative retention in immediate memory determined by the Missing Scan Method. Nature, 200(4911), 1129–1130. https://doi.org/10.1038/2001129b0
Buschke, H. (1963b). Retention in immediate memory estimated without retrieval. Science, 140(3562), 56–57. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.140.3562.56
2017-12-04
2022-05-18
Method for measuring the storage capacity of short-term memory, which is thought to be independent of the effects of the retrieval processes (recognition or recall). The experimenter shows series of digits (in random order), and after each series, the subject is asked to indicate the missing digit.
Méthode de mesure de la capacité de stockage de la mémoire à court terme, qui serait indépendante des effets des processus de récupération (reconnaissance ou rappel). L'expérimentateur présente des séries de chiffres (en ordre aléatoire) et, après chaque série, le sujet doit indiquer le chiffre manquant. La réussite dans cette tâche exige donc la rétention des chiffres présentés.
missing scan task
tâche de recherche de l'item manquant

Norris, D. G., & Kalm, K. (2019, June 27). Chunking and redintegration in verbal short-term memory. https://osf.io/mkc26/
Thalmann, M., Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2019, September 12). How Chunking Helps Working Memory. https://osf.io/jjfbh/
Frank Arnould
Gilchrist, A. L., & Cowan, N. (2012). Chunking. In V. S. Ramachandran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Human Behavior (Second Edition) (pp. 476–483). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-375000-6.00089-6
Gobet, F., Lane, P. C., Croker, S., Cheng, P. C., Jones, G., Oliver, I., & Pine, J. M. (2001). Chunking mechanisms in human learning. Trends in cognitive sciences, 5(6), 236‑243. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01662-4
Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two : Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63(2), 81‑97. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043158
Norris, D., & Kalm, K. (2021). Chunking and data compression in verbal short-term memory. Cognition, 208, 104534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104534
Norris, D., Kalm, K., & Hall, J. (2020). Chunking and redintegration in verbal short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 46(5), 872‑893. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000762
Thalmann, M., Souza, A. S., & Oberauer, K. (2019). How does chunking help working memory? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 45(1), 37‑55. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000578
Tosatto, L., Fagot, J., & Rey, A. (2023). The dynamics of chunking in humans (Homo sapiens) and Guinea baboons (Papio papio). Journal of Comparative Psychology, No Pagination Specified-No Pagination Specified. https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000336
2021-08-09
2023-09-04
chunking
Processus consistant à combiner des informations en unités, généralement en se servant de représentations pré-existantes en mémoire à long terme.
The process of combining information into units, usually using pre-existing representations from long-term memory.

chunking
processus de groupement

Frank Arnould
Towse, J., Hitch, G., Hamilton, Z., Miller, K., & M Z Hutton, U. (2005). Working memory period: The endurance of mental representations. The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology, 58, 547–571. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980443000098
2017-12-04
2022-02-23
Method for studying working memory developed by Towse et al (2005). According to the authors, it consists in measuring "endurance limits for remembering a fixed number of items during concurrent processing" (p. 547).
Méthode d'étude de la mémoire de travail mise au point par Towse et al. (2005). Selon les auteurs, elle consiste à mesurer les « limites d'endurance pour se souvenir d'un nombre fixe d'items lors d'un traitement concurrent » (p. 547).
paradigme de la période de la mémoire de travail
working memory period paradigm

Meier, M. E. (2016, November 15). Meier et al. Working Memory Capacity and the Antisaccade Task. https://osf.io/yrphw/
Frank Arnould
Hallett, P. E. (1978). Primary and secondary saccades to goals defined by instructions. Vision Research, 18(10), 1279‑1296. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(78)90218-3
Unsworth, N., Robison, M. K., & Miller, A. L. (2021). On the relation between working memory capacity and the antisaccade task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001060
2022-03-08
2023-09-04
A task in which subjects are required to make a voluntary eye movement away from the position of a cue (antisaccade) to identify a target stimulus. This situation is compared to prosaccade, in which cue and target stimulus share the same position.
Tâche durant laquelle les sujets doivent effectuer un mouvement oculaire volontaire à l’opposé de la position d’un indice (antisaccade) pour identifier un stimulus cible. Cette situation est comparée à celle de prosaccade, dans laquelle indice et stimulus cible partagent la même position.

anti-saccade
anti-saccade task
anti-saccades
antisaccade
antisaccades
antisaccade task
tâche d’antisaccade

Frank Arnould
Manoochehri, M. (2021). Up to the magical number seven : An evolutionary perspective on the capacity of short term memory. Heliyon, 7(5), e06955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06955
2021-06-25
2023-09-04
chunking hiérarchique
« processus par lequel des regroupements déjà existants ou leurs index sont regroupés pour former de nouveaux regroupements, qui à leur tour forment des super regroupements, et ainsi de suite. »(Manoochehri, 2021).
“the process in which already existing chunks or their indexes are grouped to form new chunks and these in turn shape super chunks and so forth.” (Manoochehri, 2021).
hierarchical chunking
processus de regroupement hiérarchique

Frank Arnould
Gobet, F., Lane, P. C., Croker, S., Cheng, P. C., Jones, G., Oliver, I., & Pine, J. M. (2001). Chunking mechanisms in human learning. Trends in cognitive sciences, 5(6), 236‑243. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01662-4
Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two : Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63(2), 81‑97. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043158
Norris, D., & Kalm, K. (2021). Chunking and data compression in verbal short-term memory. Cognition, 208, 104534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104534
Simon, H. A. (1974). How big is a chunk? Science, 183(4124), 482‑488. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.183.4124.482
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
bloc
chunk
tronçon
A unit combining several pieces of information in short-term memory.
Unité combinant plusieurs informations en mémoire à court terme.
blocs
chunks
chunks
groupements
tronçons
chunk
groupement

Frank Arnould
Cowan, N. (2001). The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24(1), 87–114. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X01003922
Jacobs, J. (1887). Experiments on « Prehension ». Mind, 12(45), 75‑79. https://doi.org/10.2307/2246990
Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two : Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63(2), 81‑97. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043158
2017-12-04
2022-09-14
memory span task
tâche d'empan mnésique
Method for measuring the storage capacity of short-term memory or working memory. Span is the highest number of items that the subject is able to recall immediately, usually in the order in which the items were presented.
Méthode pour mesurer de la capacité de stockage de la mémoire à court terme et de la mémoire de travail. L'empan mnésique correspond au plus grand nombre d'items que le sujet est capable de rappeler immédiatement, généralement en respectant l'ordre de présentation des items.

span tasks
tâches d'empan
span task
tâche d'empan

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A., Eysenck, M. W., & Anderson, M. C. (2020). Memory (3rd ed.). Psychology Press.
2017-12-04
2022-01-26
mémoire immédiate préattentive
preattentive immediate memory
registre sensoriel
sensory register
A sensory storage system with a very short duration (a few milliseconds) preceding the short-term memory, wherein information deteriorate very quickly.
Dispositif de stockage sensoriel de très brève durée (quelques millisecondes), précédant la mémoire à court terme, dans lequel les informations se détériorent très rapidement.

mémoires sensorielles
registres sensoriels
mémoire sensorielle
sensory memory

Frank Arnould
Kenett, Y. N., Levi, E., Anaki, D., & Faust, M. (2017). The semantic distance task: Quantifying semantic distance with semantic network path length. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(9), 1470–1489. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000391
2022-03-07
2023-09-04
"the semantic distance task (SDT) is a semantic relatedness judgment task. In this task, subjects are required to decide whether two words are related to each other or not." (Kenett et al., 2017, p. 1474).
« la tâche de distance sémantique (TDS) est une tâche de jugement de parenté sémantique. Dans cette tâche, les sujets doivent décider si deux mots sont apparentés l'un à l'autre ou non. » (Kenett et al., 2017, p. 1474).
semantic distance task
tâche de distance sémantique

Frank Arnould
Dew, I. T. Z., & Cabeza, R. (2011). The porous boundaries between explicit and implicit memory : Behavioral and neural evidence. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1224(1), 174‑190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05946.x
Hannula, D. E., Minor, G. N., & Slabbekoorn, D. (in press). Conscious awareness and memory systems in the brain. WIREs Cognitive Science, n/a(n/a), e1648. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1648
Warrington, E. K., & Weiskrantz, L. (1970). Amnesic syndrome: Consolidation or retrieval? Nature, 228(5272), 628–630. https://doi.org/10.1038/228628a0
2017-12-04
2023-04-05
Récupération consciente, volontaire ou non, d'un épisode antérieur localisé dans le temps et l'espace.
Voluntary or involuntary conscious retrieval of a previous episode located in time and space.

explicit memory
mémoire explicite

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-05-31
tâche de rappel avec sonde
Le sujet mémorise une liste d'items. Un item de la liste lui est ensuite présenté et il doit rappeler l'item qui l'a précédé ou suivi ou bien il doit rappeler l'item qui se trouvait à une position spécifique dans la liste (par exemple, rappeler l'item qui se trouvait en quatrième position).
The subject learns a list of items. An item from the list is then presented to him/her and s/he is asked to remember the previous or next item in the list or at a specific position in the list.
probed recall task
tâche de rappel par sondage

Breton, A., Casey, D., & Arnaoutoglou, N. A. (2019). Cognitive tests for the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the prodromal stage of dementia: Meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 34(2), 233–242. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.5016
Rami, L., Molinuevo, J. L., Sanchez-Valle, R., Bosch, B., & Villar, A. (2007). Screening for amnestic mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer’s disease with M@T (Memory Alteration Test) in the primary care population. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22(4), 294–304. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1672
2023-03-29
Frank Arnould
2023-03-29
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Homme
Human
M@T
A neuropsychological test of verbal episodic memory and semantic memory for the diagnosis of amnestic mild cognitive impairment and the early stage of Alzheimer's disease.
Test neuropsychologique de mémoire verbale épisodique et de mémoire sémantique pour le diagnostic du déficit cognitif léger amnésique et du stade précoce de la maladie d’Alzheimer.
Memory Alteration Test
Test d'altération mnésique

Vandenberghe, M., Michiels, J., Vanderaspoilden, V., Claes, T., & Fery, P. (2015). Élaboration et normalisation d’une épreuve d’évaluation de la mémoire épisodique verbale chez la personne âgée: « GERIA-12 ». Revue Neurologique, 171(12), 853–865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2015.08.001
2023-03-31
Frank Arnould
2023-03-31
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Homme
Human
A neuropsychological test of verbal episodic memory for the elderly that is a shortened version of the RL/RI-16 with the addition of delayed recall at 24 hours.
Test neuropsychologique de mémoire épisodique verbale destiné aux personnes âgées qui est une version abrégée du RL/RI-16 avec ajout d'un rappel différé à 24 h.
GERIA-12
GERIA-12

Buschke, H., Mowrey, W. B., Ramratan, W. S., Zimmerman, M. E., Loewenstein, D. A., Katz, M. J., & Lipton, R. B. (2017). Memory Binding Test distinguishes amnestic mild cognitive impairment and dementia from cognitively normal elderly. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 32(1), 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acw083
Loewenstein, D. A., Curiel, R. E., Duara, R., & Buschke, H. (2018). Novel cognitive paradigms for the detection of memory impairment in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease. Assessment, 25(3), 348–359. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191117691608
Mowrey, W., Lipton, R., Katz, M., Ramratan, W., Loewenstein, D., Zimmerman, M., & Buschke, H. (2018). Memory binding test predicts incident dementia: Results from the Einstein Aging Study. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 62, 293–304. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-170714
2023-06-19
Frank Arnould
2023-06-19
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Homme
Human
MBT
Memory Capacity Test
A neuropsychological test for the assessment of associative memory.
Test neuropsychologique pour l'évaluation de la mémoire associative.
"The test procedure is the following. In the first step, the participant was instructed to learn the 16 word items from the first list, presented on 4 cards with 4 words on each card, 1 card at a time. For each item, after the examiner stated a category cue (e.g., flower), the participant was asked to verbally identify the correct item from the card associated with the cue (e.g., tulip) within 5 s to ensure controlled learning and encoding specificity. In the second step, the participant was instructed to recall the items from the first list after cue presentation. Five seconds were allowed for each cue and errors were not corrected. In the third step, the participant was instructed to learn 16 new items from the second list, as similarly done for the first list. In the fourth step, the participant was asked to recall items from the second list, as similarly done for the first list. In the fifth step, the paired recall condition, for each cue the participant was asked to recall both items from both lists in any order within 10 s. The total procedure takes about 6 min." (Buschke et al., 2017, p. 31-32).
« La procédure de test est la suivante. Dans un premier temps, le participant est invité à apprendre les 16 mots de la première liste, présentés sur quatre cartes avec quatre mots sur chaque carte, une carte à la fois. Pour chaque item, après que l'examinateur a énoncé un indice de catégorie (par exemple, fleur), le participant a doit identifier verbalement le bon item de la carte associée à l'indice (par exemple, tulipe) dans un délai de 5 s afin d'assurer un apprentissage contrôlé et la spécificité d'encodage. Dans un deuxième temps, le participant doit se rappeler les éléments de la première liste après la présentation de l'indice. Cinq secondes sont accordées pour chaque indice et les erreurs ne sont pas corrigées. Au cours de la troisième étape, le participant doit apprendre 16 nouveaux éléments de la deuxième liste, comme il l'avait fait pour la première liste. Au cours de la quatrième étape, le participant est invité à se rappeler des éléments de la deuxième liste, comme il l'avait fait pour la première liste. Dans la cinquième étape, la condition de rappel par paires, pour chaque indice, le participant doit rappeler les deux éléments des deux listes dans n'importe quel ordre dans un délai de 10 s. La procédure totale dure environ 6 minutes. » (Buschke et al., 2017, p. 31-32).
Memory Binding Test
Test de liage mnésique

Frank Arnould
Primoff, E. (1938). Backward and forward association as an organizing act in serial and in paired associate learning. The Journal of Psychology, 5(2), 375-395. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1938.9917578
2017-12-04
2022-03-31
AB, BC pair
AB, BC paradigm
paire A-B, B-C
paradigme A-B, B-C
Dans une tâche d'apprentissage de paires associées, paires du type AB, BC : un item est une réponse dans une paire et sert d'indice dans une autre.
In a paired-associates learning task, pairs of the type AB, BC : An item is a response in a pair and a cue in the other.
AB, BC pairs
paires A-B, B-C
paires à double fonction
double-function pairs
paire à double fonction

Frank Arnould
Berntsen, D., Staugaard, S. R., & Sørensen, L. M. T. (2013). Why am I remembering this now? Predicting the occurrence of involuntary (spontaneous) episodic memories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 142(2), 426–444. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029128
2020-06-12
2023-03-21
An experimental paradigm for the study of involuntary memories: "During encoding, participants were presented with pictures of scenes paired with sounds. Both scene and sound could be either unique (derived from a category that was presented only once) or repeated (derived from a category that was presented several times). During retrieval, the participants conducted an attention-demanding sound location task employing sounds from the encoding phase. In addition to the sound location task, they were asked to record all memories that might spontaneously arise during this task." (Berntsen et al., 2013, p. 426).
Paradigme expérimental pour l'étude des souvenirs involontaires. « Pendant l'encodage, les participants voient des images de scènes associées à des sons. La scène et le son pouvaient être soit uniques (dérivés d'une catégorie présentée une seule fois), soit répétés (dérivés d'une catégorie présentée plusieurs fois). Au cours de la récupération, les participants effectuent une tâche de localisation des sons exigeante en termes d'attention, en utilisant les sons de la phase d'encodage. En plus de la tâche de localisation des sons, on leur demande d'enregistrer tous les souvenirs qui pouvaient surgir spontanément pendant cette tâche. » (Berntsen et al., 2013, p. 426).
paradigme des paires associées son-scène
sound-scene paired-associates paradigm

Frank Arnould
Hazan-Liran, B., & Miller, P. (2017). Stroop-like effects in a new-code learning task : A cognitive load theory perspective. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 70(9), 1878‑1891. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2016.1214845
2021-08-12
2023-09-04
associative memory Stroop paradigm
paradigme de Stroop mnésique associatif
A task in which participants are asked to learn associations between words (e.g. color words: brown, orange, white, black, etc.) and digits. The color of the numbers is either congruent (the word brown is printed in black and the number 6 is printed in brown), incongruent (the word brown is printed in black and the number 6 is printed in yellow), or neutral (the word brown is printed in black and the number 6 is printed in black)
Tâche durant laquelle les participants doivent mémoriser des associations entre des mots (par exemple des mots désignant une couleur : brun, orange, blanc, noir, etc.) et des chiffres. La couleur des chiffres est soit congruente (le mot brun est imprimé en noir et le chiffre 6 est imprimé en brun), soit incongruente (mot brun imprimé en noir et chiffre 6 imprimé en jaune), soit neutre (mot brun imprimé en noir et chiffre 6 imprimé en noir).
associative memory-Stroop task
associative memory Stroop task
tâche de Stroop mnésique associative

Frank Arnould
Briggs, G. E. (1954). Acquisition, extinction, and recovery functions in retroactive inhibition. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47(5), 285-293. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0060251
2017-12-04
2022-03-31
A-B, A-C paradigm
A-B, A-D learning
A-B, A-D paradigm
apprentissage A-B, A-D
paradigme A-B, A-C
paradigme A-B, A-D
Paired-associates learning paradigm. In the first phase, subjects must memorize word pairs (A-B list) In the second phase, subjects must memorize new words (C) associated with the words A of the previous list.
Paradigme d'apprentissage de paires associées. Dans une première phase, les sujets doivent mémoriser des paires de mots (liste A-B.) Dans la seconde phase, les sujets doivent mémoriser de nouveaux mots (C) associés aux mots A de la liste précédente.
A-B, A-C learning task
tâche d'apprentissage A-B, A-C

Frank Arnould
Peterson, L. R., Saltzman, D., Hillner, K., & Land, V. (1962). Recency and frequency in paired-associate learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63(4), 396-403. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043571
2017-12-04
2022-03-31
Variation de la méthode d'apprentissage de paires associées. L'expérimentateur présente en continu les paires d'items à mémoriser en les mélangeant avec des paires de test. Cette technique permet de contrôler précisément l'intervalle séparant l'étude d'une paire de son test ainsi que la répétition d'une paire dans la séquence.
Variation of the paired-associates learning task. The experimenter continuously presents a series of pairs of items to be remembered, mixing them with test pairs. This technique allows to precisely control the lag between the study of a pair and the test of the pair and also the repetition of a pair in the sequence.
continuous paired-associate learning task
tâche d'apprentissage continu de paires associées

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
A-B, C-B paradigm
paradigme A-B, C-B
Type d'apprentissage de paires associées. Le sujet mémorise tout d'abord une liste de type A-B, puis une liste de type C-B, dans laquelle la réponse B associée à A dans la liste précédente et désormais associée à C.
Type of paired-associates learning. The subject first learns an A-B list, then a C-B list, in which response B associated to A in the previous list is then associated with C.
A-B, C-B learning task
tâche d'apprentissage A-B, C-B

Frank Arnould
Calkins, M.W. (1894). Association. Psychological Review, 1(5), 476-483. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0069000
2017-12-04
2022-08-24
méthode d'apprentissage de paires associées
méthode des associés par paires
méthode des couples associés
paired-associates learning method
paired-associates learning paradigm
paired-associates learning procedure
paradigme d'apprentissage de paires associées
paradigme des associés par paires
paradigme des couples associés
procédure d'apprentissage de paires associées
tâche des associés par paires
tâche des couples associés
tâche des mots couplés
Apprentissage de paires de stimuli. Un item de chaque paire sert ensuite d’indice pour récupérer l’autre item qui lui était associé.
Learning pairs of stimuli. An item of each pair is then used as a cue to retrieve the other item that was associated with it.
méthodes des associés par paires
méthodes des couples associés
paired associates
paired-associates learning methods
paired-associates learning paradigms
paired-associates learning procedures
paired-associates learning tasks
paires associées
paradigmes d'apprentissage de paires associées
paradigmes des associés par paires
tâches d'apprentissage de paires associées
tâches des associés par paires
tâches des couples associés
paired-associates learning task
tâche d'apprentissage de paires associées

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Experimental paradigm in which subjects are required to study two lists of word pairs. In both lists, cues and target items are the same, but the pairings are changed in the list 2. During the test, subjects were presented with the cue and asked to recall the target item in list 1 or list 2 (Humphreys et al, 1994).
Paradigme expérimental au cours duquel les sujets doivent étudier deux listes de paires de mots. Dans les deux listes, les indices et les items cibles sont les mêmes, mais les appariements sont modifiés dans la liste 2. Lors du test, on présente aux sujets l’indice et on leur demande de rappeler l’item cible de la liste 1 ou de la liste 2 (Humpreys et al, 1994).
A-B, A-Br learning task
tâche d'apprentissage A-B, A-Br

Frank Arnould
Grober, E., & Buschke, H. (1987). Genuine memory deficits in dementia. Developmental neuropsychology, 3(1), 13‑36. https://doi.org/10.1080/87565648709540361
Grober, E., Buschke, H., Crystal, H., Bang, S., & Dresner, R. (1988). Screening for dementia by memory testing. Neurology, 38(6), 900‑900. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.38.6.900
Linden, M. V. D., Coyette, F., Poitrenaud, J., Kalafat, M., Calicis, F., Wyns, C., & Adam, S. (2004). L’épreuve de rappel libre / rappel indicé à 16 items (RL/RI-16). In L’évaluation des troubles de la mémoire : Présentation de quatre tests de mémoire épisodique (avec leur étalonnage). (p. 25‑47). Solal.
2021-06-23
2023-09-04
Catherine Boucheron-Josse
FCSRT
Grober and Buschke test
RL/RI-16
test de Grober & Buschke
épreuve de Grober et Buschke
Neuropsychological test for the assessment of verbal episodic memory and its disorders, allowing the interpretation of a memory disorder in terms of memory processes (encoding, storage, retrieval).
Test neuropsychologique pour l'évaluation de la mémoire épisodique verbale et de ses troubles, permettant d'interpréter un trouble de la mémoire en termes de processus mnésiques (encodage, stockage, récupération).
Le test dispose de formes parallèles.
The test has parallel forms.
free and cued selective reminding test
test rappel libre-rappel indicé à 16 items

Frank Arnould
Fery, P., Claes, T., Vanderaspoilden, V., & Vandenberghe, M. (2021). IMA-12 : Une épreuve de mémoire épisodique adaptée au niveau de connaissance de la langue française. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 13(3), 223‑239. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2021.0685
2022-01-04
2023-09-04
Test de mémoire épisodique pour personnes âgées « permettant l’évaluation différenciée des processus d’encodage, de récupération et de consolidation d’un matériel pictural (avec rappel oral) et adaptée à des personnes ayant différents niveaux de connaissance de la langue française. » (Fery et al., 2021, p. 225).
Test of episodic memory for the elderly “allowing the differentiated evaluation of the encoding, retrieval and consolidation processes of a pictorial material (with oral recall) and adapted to people with different levels of knowledge of French language." (Fery et al., 2021, p. 225).
IMA-12
IMA-12

Cona, G., & Rothen, N. (2019). Neuropsychological and physiological correlates of prospective memory. In J. Rummel & M. A. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective Memory (1st ed., pp. 95–115). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351000154-7
Cona, G., Scarpazza, C., Sartori, G., Moscovitch, M., & Bisiacchi, P. S. (2015). Neural bases of prospective memory: A meta-analysis and the “Attention to Delayed Intention” (AtoDI) model. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 52, 21–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.02.007
Raskin, S. A. (2018). Prospective memory in clinical populations. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 32(5), 741–747. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2018.1484519
2023-03-29
Frank Arnould
2023-03-29
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
AtoDI model
modèle AtoDI
A neuropsychological model of the brain regions thought to be involved in the maintenance and retrieval of intentions in prospective memory (Cona et al., 2015). "[…] the model proposes that the dorsal frontoparietal network is involved in maintenance and allocation of top-down attention that is used both to monitor for the occurrence of the PM [prospective memory] cue and to maintain the intention in mind. The ventral frontoparietal network, on the other hand, mediates the bottom-up attention automatically captured by the occurrence of the prospective cues and used during retrieval." (Raskin, 2018, p. 745-746).
Un modèle neuropsychologique des régions cérébrales supposées être impliquées dans le maintien et la récupération des intentions en mémoire prospective (Cona et al., 2015). « […] le modèle propose que le réseau frontopariétal dorsal est impliqué dans le maintien et l'allocation de l'attention descendante qui est utilisée à la fois pour surveiller l'occurrence de l'indice de mémoire prospective et pour maintenir l'intention à l'esprit. Le réseau frontopariétal ventral, quant à lui, sert de médiateur à l'attention ascendante automatiquement capturée par l'occurrence des indices prospectifs et utilisés pendant la récupération. » (Raskin, 2018, p. 745-746).
AtoDI
AtoDI
Attention to Delayed Intention model
modèle d'attention à l'intention différée

Frank Arnould
Rendell, P. G., & Craik, F. I. M. (2000). Virtual week and actual week: Age-related differences in prospective memory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S43–S62. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.770
2020-11-19
2023-09-04
Event- and time-based prospective memory task adapted from the Virtual Week task. Subjects are required to perform different prospective memory tasks under naturalistic settings during an actual week.
Tâche de mémoire prospective événementielle et temporelle, adaptée de la tâche de la semaine virtuelle. Les sujets doivent réaliser différentes tâches de mémoire prospective, réparties sur une semaine réelle, dans des situations naturelles.
Actual Week task
tâche de la semaine réelle

Frank Arnould
Aldrich, F. K., & Wilson, B. (1991). Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test for Children (RBMT-C): A preliminary evaluation. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 30(2), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1991.tb00931.x
Wilson, B. A., Ivani-chalian, R., Besag, F. M. C., & Bryant, T. (1993). Adapting the Rivermead Vehavioural Memory test for use with children aged 5 to 10 years. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 15(4), 474–486. https://doi.org/10.1080/01688639308402572
2020-11-16
2023-09-04
RBMT-C
Adaptation du test de la mémoire de Rivermead pour les enfants de 5 à 11 ans.
Adaptation of the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test for children aged 5 to 11.
Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test for Children
Test comportemental de la mémoire de Rivermead pour enfants

Kamat, R., Weinborn, M., Kellogg, E. J., Bucks, R. S., Velnoweth, A., & Woods, S. P. (2014). Construct validity of the Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST) in healthy older adults: Assessment, 21(6), 742–752. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191114530774
Raskin, S. (2009). Memory for Intentions Screening Test: Psychometric properties and clinical evidence. Brain Impairment - BRAIN IMPAIR, 10, 23–33. https://doi.org/10.1375/brim.10.1.23
Raskin, S.; Buckheit, C.; Sherrod, C. (2010). MIST: Memory for Intentions Test professional manual. Psychological Assessment.
2020-11-16
2023-09-04
MIST
Standardized neuropsychological test for the assessment of prospective memory, comprising four event- and four time-based prospective memory tasks. An additional task invites the subject to call the examiner 24 hours after the initial test phase.
Test neuropsychologique standardisé de mémoire prospective incluant quatre tâches de mémoire prospective événementielle et quatre tâches de mémoire prospective temporelle. Une tâche supplémentaire invite le sujet à appeler l’examinateur 24 heures après la phase de test.
Memory for Intentions Screening Test
Test de dépistage de la mémoire des intentions

Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (1990). Normal aging and prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(4), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.717
2020-11-19
2023-09-04
Experimental paradigm for studying prospective memory. The subject performs two tasks simultaneously. While performing the first task, he or she also has to remember and perform actions at specific times and in response to environmental cues.
Paradigme expérimental pour l’étude de la mémoire prospective. Le sujet réalise deux tâches simultanément. Pendant la réalisation de la première tâche, il doit aussi se souvenir et réaliser des actions à certains moments précis ou en réponse à des indices environnementaux.
Einstein and McDaniel’s paradigm
paradigme d’Einstein et McDaniel

Frank Arnould
Chau, L. T., Lee, J. B., Fleming, D. J., Roche, N., & Shum, D. (2007). Reliability and normative data for the Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory (CAPM). Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 17(6), 707‑722. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602010600923926
Fleming, J., Kennedy, S., Fisher, R., Gill, H., Gullo, M., & Shum, D. (2009). Validity of the Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory (CAPM) for Use With Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Impairment, 10(1), 34‑44. https://doi.org/10.1375/brim.10.1.34
Roche, N. L., Fleming, J. M., & Shum, D. H. K. (2002). Self-awareness of prospective memory failure in adults with traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 16(11), 931‑945. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699050210138581
2020-11-18
2023-09-04
CAPM
CAPM
Questionnaire d'autoévaluation des difficultés de mémoire prospective (fréquence, préoccupations vis-à-vis de ces difficultés et perception des causes des réussites et échecs de la mémoire prospective). L'instrument porte sur les activités instrumentales (par exemple, faire ses courses, préparer un repas) et de base (par exemple, s’habiller, hygiène corporelle).
Self-rating questionnaire of prospective memory failures (frequency, concerns about these difficulties and perception of the causes of successes and failures of prospective memory). This tool covers instrumental (e.g. shopping, preparing a meal) and basic (e.g. dressing, personal hygiene) daily activities.
Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory
Évaluation complète de la mémoire prospective

Frank Arnould
Radford, K., Lah, S., Say, M., & Miller, L. (2011). Validation of a new measure of prospective memory : The Royal Prince Alfred Prospective Memory Test. The Clinical neuropsychologist, 25, 127‑140. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2010.529463
2020-11-17
2023-09-04
RPA-ProMem
RPA-ProMem
Neuropsychological test for assessing event- and time-based prospective memory.
Test neuropsychologique pour l'évaluation de la mémoire prospective événementielle et temporelle.
Royal Prince Alfred Prospective Memory Test
Test de mémoire prospective du Royal Prince Alfred

Frank Arnould
Kerns, K. A. (2000). The CyberCruiser: An investigation of development of prospective memory in children. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 6(1), 62–70. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617700611074
2020-11-19
2023-09-04
A video game designed for studying prospective memory development in children.
Jeu vidéo développé pour étudier le développement de la mémoire prospective chez l’enfant.
CyberCruiser
CyberCruiser

Frank Arnould
Hannon, R., Adams, P., Harrington, S. E., Fries-Dias, C., & Gipson, M. (1995). Effects of brain injury and age on prospective memory self-rating and performance. Rehabilitation Psychology, 40(4), 289‑298. https://doi.org/10.1037/0090-5550.40.4.289
2020-11-18
2023-09-04
PMQ
PMQ
Questionnaire d'auto-évaluation de la mémoire prospective et de ses troubles.
Self-rating questionnaire of prospective memory and its disorders.
Prospective Memory Questionnaire
Questionnaire de mémoire prospective

Frank Arnould
Man, D. W. K., Fleming, J., Hohaus, L., & Shum, D. (2011). Development of the Brief Assessment of Prospective Memory (BAPM) for use with traumatic brain injury populations. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 21(6), 884–898. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2011.627270
2020-11-19
2023-09-04
BAPM
BAPM
Forme abrégée du Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory.
Short-form of the Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory.
Brief Assessment of Prospective Memory
Examen rapide de la mémoire prospective

Frank Arnould
Sugden, N., Thomas, M., Kiernan, M., & Wilesmith, M. (2021). Validation of the Prospective Memory Concerns Questionnaire (PMCQ). Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15, 421. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.686850
2021-09-14
2023-09-04
PMCQ
PMCQ
A 35-item self-report questionnaire of prospective memory problems and concerns in daily life.
Questionnaire d’autoévaluation de 35 items portant sur les problèmes et préoccupations dans la vie quotidienne concernant la mémoire prospective.
Prospective Memory Concerns Questionnaire
Questionnaire des préoccupations sur la mémoire prospective

Frank Arnould
Hsu, Y.-H., Huang, C.-F., Tu, M.-C., & Hua, M.-S. (2014). The clinical utility of informants’ appraisals on prospective and retrospective memory in patients with early Alzheimer’s disease. PLOS ONE, 9(11), e112210. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112210
2020-11-17
2023-09-04
Test de mémoire prospective temporelle. Cinq minutes après que la consigne lui a été donnée, le sujet doit rappeler à l'expérimentateur de passer un appel téléphonique.
Time-based prospective memory. Five minutes after being instructed to do so, the subject has to remind the examiner to make a phone call.
telephone test
test du téléphone

Frank Arnould
Lecouvey, G., Morand, A., Poissonnier, A., Pèlerin, A., Silva, L. F. da, Sayette, V. de la, Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2021). Une nouvelle épreuve de mémoire prospective : Mem-Pro clinic. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 13(1), 43‑58. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2021.0618
2021-06-04
2023-09-04
Épreuve Mem-Pro-Clinic
A clinical test to assess difficulties in event- and time-based prospective memory.
Épreuve clinique permettant d’évaluer les difficultés de mémoire prospective événementielle et temporelle.
Mem-Pro-Clinic test
test Mem-Pro-Clinic

Frank Arnould
Potvin, M.-J., Rouleau, I., Audy, J., Charbonneau, S., & Giguère, J.-F. (2011). Ecological prospective memory assessment in patients with traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury : [BI], 25, 192–205. https://doi.org/10.3109/02699052.2010.541896
2020-11-16
2023-09-04
TEMP
Event- and time-based prospective memory test using naturalistic stimuli, designed for clinical settings.
Test de mémoire prospective événementielle et temporelle utilisant des stimuli réalistes, conçu pour des populations cliniques.
Ecological Test of Prospective Memory
test écologique de mémoire prospective

Frank Arnould
Cockburn, J.M. (1996). Behavioural assessment of memory in normal old age. European Psychiatry, 11, Supplement 4, 205s.
Wilson, B. A., Cockburn, J., & Baddeley, A. D. (1985). The Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test. Thames Valley Test Company.
2020-11-16
2023-09-04
RBMT
An ecological neuropsychological test to assess everyday memory disorders in both retrospective and prospective memory.
Test neuropsychologique écologique permettant d’évaluer les troubles de la mémoire quotidienne, aussi bien dans la mémoire rétrospective que dans la mémoire prospective.
Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test
Test comportemental de la mémoire de Rivermead

Frank Arnould
Groot, Y. C. T., Wilson, B. A., Evans, J., & Watson, P. (2002). Prospective memory functioning in people with and without brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 8(5), 645–654. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617702801321
Kime, S. K., Lamb, D. G., & Wilson, B. A. (1996). Use of a comprehensive programme of external cueing to enhance procedural memory in a patient with dense amnesia. Brain Injury, 10(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/026990596124683
2020-11-16
2023-09-04
CAMPROMPT
CAMPROMPT
Neuropsychological test including four event-based prospective memory tasks and four time-based prospective memory tasks. Half of the tasks require verbal responses and half require non-verbal responses (Wilson et al., 2005). The test is an extension of the Cambridge Behavioral Prospective Memory Test (Kime et al., 1996).
Test neuropsychologique comprenant quatre tâches de mémoire prospective événementielle et quatre tâches de mémoire prospective temporelle. La moitié des tâches exige des réponses verbales et l’autre moitié, des réponses non verbales. (Wilson et al., 2005). Le test est une extension du Test comportemental de mémoire prospective de Cambridge (Kime et al, 1996).
CAM-PROMPT
CAM-PROMPT
Cambridge Prospective Memory Test
Test de mémoire prospective de Cambridge

Frank Arnould
Semon, R. (1904/1921). The Mneme. London: George Allen & Unwin. https://archive.org/details/cu31924100387210
Semon, R. (1909/1923). Mnemic Psychology. London: George Allen & Unwin. https://archive.org/details/mnemicpsychology032279mbp
Tulving, E. (1976). Ecphoric processes in recall and recognition. In J. Brown (Ed.), Recall and recognition. John Wiley & Sons.
Tulving, E. (1982). Synergistic ecphory in recall and recognition. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie, 36(2), 130–147. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080641
2017-12-04
2023-03-17
ecphoric process
ecphorie synergétique
processus ecphorique
synergistic ecphory
Concept originally proposed by Semon (1904) and more recently used by the psychologist E. Tulving to describe the combination of the engram and the retrieval cues that enables the conscious experience of a memory.
Notion proposée initialement par Semon (1904) et reprise plus récemment par le psychologue E. Tulving pour désigner la combinaison entre l'engramme et les indices de récupération qui va permettre au sujet l'expérience consciente d'un souvenir.
ecphorie
ecphory

Frank Arnould
2021-08-16
2023-09-04
Processus consistant à transformer un code en un autre code.
The process of transforming a code into another code.
recodage
recoding

Strickland, L., Heathcote, A., Humphreys, M. S., & Loft, S. (2022). Target learning in event-based prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48(8), 1110‑1126. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000900
Strickland, L., Loft, S., Remington, R. W., & Heathcote, A. (2018). Racing to remember : A theory of decision control in event-based prospective memory. Psychological Review, 125(6), 851‑887. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000113
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-21
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
PMDC model
modèle PMDC
modèle Prospective Memory Decision Control
A linear ballistic accumulator model of event-based prospective memory that "assumes a race to response selection between PM [prospective memory] and ongoing task decision processes. Each of the ongoing task accumulators and the PM accumulator has its own threshold, which corresponds to the evidence that must be accumulated to make that decision. Upon stimulus presentation, evidence accumulates toward each decision at an accumulation rate, and the first to reach threshold determines the decision made […]. Thus, successful PM hits occur on PM trials where the PM accumulator reaches threshold before the ongoing task accumulators, whereas PM errors occur when the ongoing task accumulators reach threshold before the PM accumulator." (Strickland et al., 2022, p. 1111).
Modèle d'accumulateur balistique linéaire de la mémoire prospective événementielle qui « suppose une course à la sélection de la réponse entre la mémoire prospective et les processus de décision de la tâche en cours. Chacun des accumulateurs de la tâche en cours et l'accumulateur de la mémoire prospective ont leur propre seuil, qui correspond aux preuves qui doivent être accumulées pour prendre une décision. Lors de la présentation du stimulus, les preuves s'accumulent vers chaque décision en fonction d'un taux d'accumulation, et la première à atteindre le seuil détermine la décision prise [...]. Ainsi, les succès de la mémoire prospective se produisent lors des essais de mémoire prospective où l'accumulateur de la mémoire prospective atteint le seuil avant les accumulateurs de la tâche en cours, tandis que les erreurs de la mémoire prospective se produisent lorsque les accumulateurs de la tâche en cours atteignent le seuil avant l'accumulateur de mémoire prospective. » (Strickland et al., 2022, p. 1111).
Modèle du contrôle de décision de la mémoire prospective
Prospective Memory Decision Control model

Frank Arnould
Titov, N., & Knight, R. G. (2001). A video-based procedure for the assessment of prospective memory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 15(1), 61–83. https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-0720(200101/02)15:1%3C61::AID-ACP689%3E3.0.CO;2-Y
2020-11-19
2023-09-04
PMVP
Method for the study of event-based prospective memory. The subject is asked to remember different actions in response to environmental cues presented in a video that simulates a walk in a shopping district.
Méthode d’étude de la mémoire prospective événementielle. Le sujet doit se souvenir de différentes actions en réponse à des indices environnementaux présentés dans une vidéo qui simule une marche dans un quartier commerçant.
Procédure vidéo de mémoire prospective
Prospective Remembering Video Procedure

Frank Arnould
Huppert, F. A., Johnson, T., Nickson, J., & on behalf of MRC CFAS. (2000). High prevalence of prospective memory impairment in the elderly and in early-stage dementia : Findings from a population-based study. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S63‑S81. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.771
2020-11-17
2023-09-04
Event-based prospective memory task. During a cognitive examination, when the examiner shows a subject an envelope again, he/she has to write a person's name and address on this envelope and remember to seal it and initial it on the back.
Tâche de mémoire prospective événementielle. Lors d'un examen cognitif, lorsque l'examinateur lui montre à nouveau une enveloppe, le sujet doit écrire le nom et l'adresse d'une personne sur cette enveloppe et se souvenir de la sceller et de la parapher au dos.
envelope task
tâche de l'enveloppe

Frank Arnould
Zuber, S., Haas, M., Framorando, D., Ballhausen, N., Gillioz, E., Künzi, M., & Kliegel, M. (2022). The Geneva Space Cruiser: A fully self-administered online tool to assess prospective memory across the adult lifespan. Memory, 30(2), 117–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1995435
2022-01-25
2023-09-04
Online version of the CyberCruiser for the assessment of prospective memory in adults.
Version en ligne du CyberCruiser pour l’évaluation de la mémoire prospective chez l’adulte.
Geneva Space Cruiser
Geneva Space Cruiser

Frank Arnould
Delprado, J., Kinsella, G., Ong, B., Pike, K., Ames, D., Storey, E., Saling, M., Clare, L., Mullaly, E., & Rand, E. (2012). Clinical measures of prospective memory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 18(2), 295‑304. https://doi.org/10.1017/S135561771100172X
Kinsella, G., Mullaly, E., Rand, E., Ong, B., Burton, C., Price, S., Phillips, M., & Storey, E. (2009). Early intervention for mild cognitive impairment : A randomised controlled trial. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 80, 730‑736. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2008.148346
2020-11-17
2023-09-04
Time-based prospective memory task. At the beginning of a cognitive assessment, a card is prepared with information about upcoming appointments. At the end of the assessment, the subject has to remind the clinician to give him/her the card.
Tâche de mémoire prospective événementielle. Au début d'un examen cognitif, une fiche est rédigée contenant des informations sur les prochains rendez-vous. À la fin de l'examen, le sujet doit rappeler au clinicien de lui remettre la fiche.
prompt card task
tâche de la fiche de rendez-vous

Frank Arnould
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective memory: Multiple retrieval processes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(6), 286–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00382.x
2017-12-04
2022-02-22
Prospective memory task in which attention is not directly focused on the event that needs to be remembered.
Tâche de mémoire prospective dans laquelle l'attention n’est pas directement dirigée vers l’évènement dont il faudra se souvenir.
non-focal prospective memory task
non-focal prospective memory tasks
nonfocal prospective memory tasks
tâches de mémoire prospective non focales
nonfocal prospective memory task
tâche de mémoire prospective non focale

Frank Arnould
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective memory: Multiple retrieval processes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(6), 286–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00382.x
Lyon, B. A., & Hicks, J. L. (2023). A thorough examination of cue specificity and task-appropriateness in defining focal and nonfocal prospective memory tasks. Memory, 0(0), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2187335
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
Prospective memory task in which attention is directed to the event that needs to be remembered.
Tâche de mémoire prospective dans laquelle l’attention est dirigée vers l’événement dont il faudra se souvenir.
focal prospective memory tasks
focal prospective memory tasks
focal prospective memory task
tâche de mémoire prospective focale

Noel, M., Dumez, K., Recher, C., Luyat, M., & Dujardin, S. (2014). Évaluation de la mémoire épisodique des personnes âgées: Normalisation d’une nouvelle épreuve de mémoire avec items auto-initiés (MAI). Geriatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement, 12, 440–447. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2014.0503
2023-03-31
Frank Arnould
2023-03-31
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Homme
Human
A neuropsychological test of verbal episodic memory for the elderly in which the person chooses the words to remember. This strategy "ensures that the item is well known to the person, that it corresponds to his or her culture and level of education. It also ensures that the person is attentive during the encoding phase and throughout the test, as he or she has to choose the word to remember on each trial. Finally, this method can be more motivating, even playful, since no item is imposed on the subject and he or she can choose the word that suits him or her best" (Noel et al., 2004).
Test neuropsychologique de mémoire épisodique verbale pour personnes âgées durant lequel la personne choisit elle-même les mots à mémoriser. Cette stratégie « permet de s’assurer que l’item est bien connu de la personne, qu’il correspond à sa culture et à son niveau d’éducation. De plus, cela permet de s’assurer de la mobilisation attentionnelle de la personne évaluée lors de la phase d’encodage et tout au long du test puisqu’à chaque essai, la personne testée doit choisir le mot qu’elle devra retenir. Enfin, cette méthodologie peut se révéler plus motivante, voire ludique, puisqu’aucun item ne lui est imposé et qu’elle a le choix de sélectionner le mot qui lui convient le mieux. » (Noel et al., 2014, p. 442).
Self-Initiated Memory Test
Test de mémoire auto-initiée

Frank Arnould
Squire, L. R., Wetzel, C. D., & Slater, P. C. (1979). Memory complaint after electroconvulsive therapy: Assessment with a new self-rating instrument. Biological Psychiatry, 14(5), 791–801.
2020-06-08
2023-09-04
An 18-item questionnaire in which subjects rate their memory functioning before and after treatment (electroconvulsive therapy for depression in the original article). The instrument was adapted for use in situations not involving repeated testing.
Questionnaire de 18 items dans lequel les sujets évaluent le fonctionnement de leur mémoire avant et après un traitement (l'électroconvulsivothérapie pour la dépression dans l'article original). L'instrument a été adapté pour être utilisé dans des situations n'impliquant pas de tests répétés.
Questionnaire subjectif de mémoire de Squire
Squire Subjective Memory Questionnaire

Frank Arnould
Vallat-Azouvi, C., Pradat-Diehl, P., & Azouvi, P. (2012). The Working Memory Questionnaire: A scale to assess everyday life problems related to deficits of working memory in brain injured patients. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 22, 634–649. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2012.681110
2020-05-29
2023-05-31
Questionnaire des plaintes en mémoire de travail
Questionnaire autoadministré permettant d’évaluer les conséquences dans la vie quotidienne des déficits de la mémoire de travail (stockage à court terme, attention et contrôle exécutif) faisant suite à des lésions cérébrales.
Self-administered questionnaire to assess the consequences in daily life of working memory deficits (short-term storage, attention and executive control) after brain injury.
Questionnaire de mémoire de travail
Working Memory Questionnaire

Frank Arnould
Amariglio, R., Frishe, K., Olson, L., Wadsworth, L., Lorius, N., Sperling, R., & Rentz, D. (2012). Validation of the Face Name Associative Memory Exam in cognitively normal older individuals. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 34, 580–587. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2012.666230
Rentz, D. M., Amariglio, R. E., Becker, J. A., Frey, M., Olson, L. E., Frishe, K., Carmasin, J., Maye, J. E., Johnson, K. A., & Sperling, R. A. (2011). Face-name associative memory performance is related to amyloid burden in normal elderly. Neuropsychologia, 49(9), 2776–2783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.06.006
Rubiño, J., & Andrés, P. (2018). The Face-Name Associative Memory Test as a tool for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01464
2020-11-23
2023-09-04
FNAME
Face-Name Associative Memory Test
Neuropsychological test during which the subject is asked to learn and then remember the name and occupation associated with unfamiliar faces.
Test neuropsychologique au cours duquel le sujet doit mémoriser, puis se souvenir, du nom et de la profession associés à des visages inconnus.
Examen de la mémoire associative noms-visages
Face-Name Associative Memory Exam

Frank Arnould
Kent, P. (2013). The evolution of the Wechsler Memory Scale: A selective review. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult (20)4, 277-291. https://doi.org/10.1080/09084282.2012.689267
Kent, P. (2020). The Wechsler Memory: A Guide for Clinicians And Researchers. Routledge.
Lee, S.-C., Chien, T.-H., Chu, C.-P., Lee, Y., & Chiu, E.-C. (2023). Practice effect and test–retest reliability of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition in people with dementia. BMC Geriatrics, 23(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-03913-2
Wechsler, D. (1945). A standardized memory scale for clinical use. The Journal of Psychology, 19(1), 87–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1945.9917223
2017-12-04
2023-04-12
MEM-III
MEM-IV
MEM-R
WMS
WMS-III
WMS-IV
WMS-R
échelle Wechsler d'évaluation de la mémoire
échelle clinique de mémoire de Wechsler
Neuropsychological test developed by the American psychologist David Wechsler which has undergone several revisions since its publication in 1945. The test is designed for adults and the elderly to assess the performance of auditory memory, visual memory, immediate memory, delayed memory, and visual working memory.
Test neuropsychologique développé par le psychologue américain David Wechsler qui a subi plusieurs révisions depuis sa publication en 1945. Le test est conçu pour les adultes et les personnes âgées afin d’évaluer les performances de la mémoire auditive, de la mémoire visuelle, de la mémoire immédiate, de la mémoire différée et de la mémoire de travail visuelle.

Wechsler Memory Scale
échelle de mémoire de Wechsler

Frank Arnould
Youn, J. C., Kim, K. W., Lee, D. Y., Jhoo, J. H., Lee, S. B., Park, J. H., Choi, E. A., Choe, J. Y., Jeong, J. W., Choo, I. H., & Woo, J. I. (2009). Development of the Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 27(4), 310–317. https://doi.org/10.1159/000205512
2020-06-05
2023-09-04
SMCQ
SMCQ
Questionnaire asking people to evaluate the presence of general and specific memory difficulties in their daily life.
Questionnaire demandant aux personnes d’évaluer la présence de difficultés mnésiques générales et spécifiques dans leur vie quotidienne.
Questionnaire de plaintes mnésiques subjectives
Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire

Baddeley, A.D.,Emslie, H., & Nimmo-Smith, I. (1994). The Doors and People Test: A Test of visual and Verbal Recall and Recognition. Thames Valley Test Company.
2022-09-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-23
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
Test des portes
A Neuropsychological test to evaluate visual memory (visual pattern recall, door recognition) and verbal memory (recall and recognition of people's names) in adults.
Test neuropsychologique permettant d'évaluer la mémoire visuelle (rappel de formes visuelles, reconnaissance de portes) et verbale (rappel et reconnaissance de noms de personnes) chez l’adulte.

Doors and People Test
Test des portes et des personnes

Frank Arnould
Barbeau, E., Didic, M., Tramoni, E., Felician, O., Joubert, S., Sontheimer, A., Ceccaldi, M., & Poncet, M. (2004). Evaluation of visual recognition memory in MCI patients. Neurology, 62(8), 1317‑1322. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.WNL.0000120548.24298.DB
Barbeau, E., Tramoni, E., Joubert, S., Mancini, J., Ceccaldi, M., & Poncet, M. (2004). Evaluation de la mémoire de reconnaissance visuelle : Normalisation d’une nouvelle épreuve en choix forcé (DMS48) et utilité en neuropsychologie clinique. In van der Linden et al. (Eds). L’Évaluation des Troubles de la Mémoire (pp. 85-101). Solal.
2021-07-13
2023-09-04
Emmanuel Barbeau
Neuropsychological test to assess visual memory disorders, especially for the diagnosis of early Alzheimer's disease. The subject is presented with 48 pairs of images and for each pair he/she must indicate which image was seen during the incidental encoding phase. The subject is asked to respond even if he or she is not sure of the answer.
Test neuropsychologique pour évaluer les troubles de la mémoire visuelle, tout particulièrement à des fins de diagnostic précoce de la maladie d’Alzheimer. On présente au sujet 48 paires d’images et pour chaque paire, il doit indiquer quelle image a été vue pendant la phase d’encodage incident. Il doit répondre même s’il n’est pas sûr de la réponse.
During the recognition phase, target images are either concrete objects presented with a concrete distractor that is semantically or lexically unrelated, or with a distractor that belongs to the same semantic category and is similar in terms of color, shape, and name, or targets and distractors are abstract and difficult to verbalize. The last two conditions are thought to evaluate visual recognition memory (after Barbeau, Didic, Tramoni, Felician, Joubert, Sontheimer, Ceccaldi, & Poncet, 2004).
Pendant la phase de reconnaissance, les images cibles sont soit des objets concrets présentées avec un distracteur concret sans lien sémantique ou lexical, ou avec un distracteur appartenant à la même catégorie sémantique et similaire en termes de couleur, de forme et de nom, soit les cibles et distracteurs sont abstraits et difficilement verbalisables. Les deux dernières conditions sont censées mesurer la mémoire de reconnaissance visuelle (d'après Barbeau, Didic, Tramoni, Felician, Joubert, Sontheimer, Ceccaldi, & Poncet, 2004).
DMS-48
DMS-48
DMS48
DMS48

Frank Arnould
Croydon, A., Pimperton, H., Ewing, L., Duchaine, B. C., & Pellicano, E. (2014). The Cambridge Face Memory Test for Children (CFMT-C) : A new tool for measuring face recognition skills in childhood. Neuropsychologia, 62, 60‑67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.07.008
Duchaine, B., & Nakayama, K. (2006). The Cambridge Face Memory Test : Results for neurologically intact individuals and an investigation of its validity using inverted face stimuli and prosopagnosic participants. Neuropsychologia, 44(4), 576‑585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.07.001
2022-01-04
2023-09-04
CFMT
Neuropsychological test to assess the ability to recognize unfamiliar faces.
Test neuropsychologique pour évaluer les capacités de reconnaissance de visages non familiers.
A version of the test for children is available (Croydon et al., 2014).
Une version adaptée à l’enfant est disponible (Croydon et al., 2014).
Cambridge Face Memory Test
Test de mémoire des visages de Cambridge

Frank Arnould
Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (1987). CVLT, California Verbal Learning Test: Adult Version: Manual. Psychological Corporation.
Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (2000). California Verbal Learning Test – Second edition. Adult version. Manual. Psychological Corporation ​
Elwood, R. W. (1995). The California Verbal Learning Test: Psychometric characteristics and clinical application. Neuropsychology Review, 5(3), 173–201. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02214761
Poitrenaud, J., Deweer, B., Kalafat, M., & Van Der Linden, M. (2007). CVLT Test d'apprentissage et de mémoire verbale. E.C.P.A.
2018-10-08
2023-03-28
CVLT
Test d'apprentissage et de mémoire verbale
Neuropsychological test for the assessment of verbal episodic memory impairment.
Test neuropsychologique permettant d'évaluer les troubles de la mémoire épisodique verbale.
L'épreuve débute par l'apprentissage en cinq essais d'une première liste de 16 mots issus de quatre catégories sémantiques (Liste A). Aucun mot d’une même catégorie n’est présenté de manière consécutive. À la fin de chaque essai, le sujet doit rappeler librement les mots dont il se souvient. Une nouvelle liste de mots (Liste B) est ensuite apprise en un seul essai et rappelée librement. Cette liste interférente contient de nouveaux mots appartenant à deux catégories sémantiques présentes dans la Liste A, les autres appartenant à deux nouvelles catégories. L'épreuve se poursuit par un rappel libre et un rappel indicé (le nom des catégories servant d'indice de récupération) de la liste A. Enfin, passé un délai de 20 minutes, la liste A fait de nouveau l'objet d'un rappel libre, d'un rappel indicé et enfin d'une tâche de reconnaissance oui/non.
The test begins with the learning of a first list of 16 words from four semantic categories (List A) over five trials. No word from the same category is presented consecutively. At the end of each trial, the subject is asked to freely recall the words he/she remembers. A new list of words (List B) is then learned in a single trial and recalled freely. This interfering list contains new words belonging to two semantic categories present in List A, the others belonging to two new categories. The test continues with a free recall and a cued recall of List A (the name of the categories serving as a retrieval cue). Finally, after a 20-minute delay, the List A is again subjected to a free recall, a cued recall, and finally to a yes/no recognition task.

California Verbal Learning Test ​
test d’apprentissage verbal de Californie ​

Frank Arnould
Benton, A. L., & Van Allen, M. W. (1968). Impairment in facial recognition in patients with cerebral disease. Cortex, 4(4), 344-IN1. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(68)80018-8
Duchaine, B. C., & Weidenfeld, A. (2003). An evaluation of two commonly used tests of unfamiliar face recognition. Neuropsychologia, 41(6), 713‑720. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00222-1
Rossion, B., & Michel, C. (2018). Normative accuracy and response time data for the computerized Benton Facial Recognition Test (BFRT-c). Behavior Research Methods, 50(6), 2442‑2460. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-1023-x
2022-01-03
2023-09-04
BRFT
Benton Face Recognition Test
Test de reconnaissance faciale de Benton
Neuropsychological test to assess face recognition performance. The test is divided into two parts. In the first part, the procedure consists in presenting a target face to be matched with one of the six faces below it (six items). The target face and the test face are approximately identical. In the second part, the procedure consists in matching a face with three of the six faces below it presented with different poses for some items and under different lighting conditions for the others (16 items in total).
Test neuropsychologique permettant d’évaluer la performance en reconnaissance des visages. Il est divisé en deux parties. Dans la première partie, le principe consiste à présenter un visage cible à apparier avec l’un des six visages du dessous (six items). Le visage cible et le visage test sont à peu près identiques. Dans la seconde partie, le principe consiste à apparier un visage avec trois des six visages du dessous présentés avec des poses différentes pour certains items et sous des conditions d’éclairage distinctes pour les autres (16 items au total).
Both a shortened and computerized version of the test are available (Rossion & Michel, 2018).
Il existe une version abrégée du test ainsi qu’une version informatisée (Rossion & Michel, 2018).
Benton Facial Recognition Test
Test de reconnaissance des visages de Benton

Frank Arnould
Osterrieth, P.A. (1942). Le test de copie d’une figure complexe: contribution à l’étude de la perception et de la mémoire. Archives de Psychologie, 30,‎ 1944, 286-356.
Rey, A. (1941). L’examen psychologique dans les cas d’encéphalopathie traumatique. Archives de Psychologie, 28(112), 286-340.
Zhang, X., Lv, L., Min, G., Wang, Q., Zhao, Y., & Li, Y. (2021). Overview of the complex figure test and its clinical application in neuropsychiatric disorders, including copying and recall. Frontiers in Neurology, 12, 1304. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.680474
2022-01-10
2023-09-04
ROCF
Neuropsychological test for the assessment of visuo-constructional ability and visuo-spatial memory. The subject is asked to copy a complex and abstract geometric figure, then to reproduce it from memory immediately and after a delay.
Test neuropsychologique pour l’évaluation des aptitudes visuoconstructives et de la mémoire visuospatiale. Le sujet est invité à recopier une figure géométrique complexe et abstraite, puis à la reproduire de mémoire immédiatement et après un délai.

Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test
test de la figure complexe de Rey-Osterrieth

Frank Arnould
Derouesné C. (2001). Le Mini-Mental State Examination. Version française consensuelle du GRECO, Revue Neurologique, 157(5), 567-571.
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). “Mini-mental state” : A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of psychiatric research, 12(3), 189‑198. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6
2021-06-23
2023-09-04
Folstein test
MMS
MMS
MMS de Folstein
MMSE
MMSE
Mini-Mental State
Mini-Mental State
Mini-Mental Status Exam
test de Folstein
A neuropsychological test used for the rapid screening of cognitive disorders that assesses spatial and temporal orientation, attention and mental calculation, immediate and delayed verbal memory, language and visual-constructive ability.
Test neuropsychologique utilisé dans le dépistage rapide des troubles cognitifs qui évalue l’orientation dans le temps et l’espace, l’attention et le calcul mental, la mémoire immédiate et différée de mots, le langage ainsi que les aptitudes visuo-constructives.

Mini Mental State Examination
Mini Mental State Examination

Frank Arnould
Croy, I., Zehner, C., Larsson, M., Zucco, G. M., & Hummel, T. (2015). Test–retest reliability and validity of the sniffin’ TOM odor memory test. Chemical Senses, 40(3), 173‑179. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bju069
Sorokowska, A., Sabiniewicz, A., & Larsson, M. (2020). TOM-32–An extended test for the assessment of olfactory memory. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 344, 108873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108873
2020-11-26
2023-09-04
Sniffin’ TOM
TOM
TOM-32
Neuropsychological test of episodic odor memory.
Test neuropsychologique de mémoire épisodique des odeurs.
An extended 32-item version of the test was developed by Sorokowska et al (2020).
Une version étendue à 32 items du test a été développée par Sorokowska et al. (2020).
Test de mémoire des odeurs
Test for Odor Memory

Frank Arnould
Cabeza, R. (2002). Hemispheric asymmetry reduction in older adults : The HAROLD model. Psychology and Aging, 17(1), 85‑100. https://doi.org/10.1037//0882-7974.17.1.85
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
HAROLD hypothesis
Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults
Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults hypothesis
hypothèse HAROLD
Model of cognitive aging. Older adults show a reduction in hemispheric asymmetry in the prefrontal cortex during the performance of cognitive tasks, especially during memory tasks, compared to younger subjects. This phenomenon is thought to be an attempt by older adults to compensate for cognitive difficulties.
Modèle du vieillissement cognitif. Chez les personnes âgées, réduction de l'asymétrie hémisphérique dans le cortex préfrontal pendant la réalisation de tâches cognitives, et notamment au cours de tâches de mémoire, par rapport aux sujets jeunes. Ce phénomène traduirait des tentatives de compensation de difficultés cognitives par les adultes âgés.
HAROLD model
modèle HAROLD

Frank Arnould
Derouesné, C., Rapin, J.-R., Lacomblez, L. (2004). Plainte mnésique chez 200 sujets répondant aux critères de l’age-associated memory impairment : corrélats psychoaffectifs et cognitifs. Psychologie & Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement, 2(1), 67-74.
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
trouble de la mémoire lié à l'âge
A set of criteria for the diagnosis of benign memory impairment associated with the normal aging process: Subjects must be at least 50 years old; Subjects must complain about their memory; Performance on objective memory tests shows memory problems compared to younger subjects; Absence of dementia or other conditions that can cause cognitive impairment.
Ensemble de critères pour diagnostiquer les troubles bénins de la mémoire observés durant le vieillissement normal : les sujets doivent être âgés d'au moins 50 ans ; les sujets se plaignent de leur mémoire ; les performances objectives à des tests de mémoire montrent des difficultés de la mémoire par rapport à des sujets jeunes ; absence de démence ou d'autres pathologies pouvant provoquer des détériorations cognitives.

age-associated memory impairments
déficits de la mémoire liés à l'âge
troubles de la mémoire liés à l'âge
age-associated memory impairment
déficit de la mémoire lié à l'âge

Frank Arnould
Semenza, C., & Zettin, M. (1989). Evidence from aphasia for the role of proper names as pure referring expressions. Nature, 342(6250), 678-679. https://doi.org/10.1038/342678a0
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
proper noun anomia
Inability to name persons, while the ability to name common objects is preserved, as well as access to other conceptual information about persons (e.g., patients have no difficulty in recalling a person's occupation). Proper name anomia is sometimes accompanied by place anomia and is the result of lesions in the left cerebral hemisphere.
Incapacité à nommer des personnes, alors que la capacité à nommer des objets communs est préservée, ainsi que l'accès à d'autres informations conceptuelles relatives aux personnes (par exemple, les patients n'éprouvent pas de difficulté à retrouver la profession d'un individu). L'anomie des noms propres s'accompagne parfois d'une anomie des lieux et est la conséquence de lésions dans l'hémisphère cérébral gauche.

anomie des noms propres
proper name anomia

Frank Arnould
2020-06-22
2022-02-23
Exaltation des souvenirs autobiographiques observée dans certains troubles mentaux.
Exaltation of autobiographical memories observed in certain mental disorders.
hypermnesia (pathology)
hypermnésie (pathologie)

Frank Arnould
Behrmann, M., & Nishimura, M. (2010). Agnosias. WIREs Cognitive Science, 1(2), 203–213. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.42
2019-10-30
2022-03-30
cécité psychique
Inability to recognize certain types of stimuli (objects, faces, sounds, etc.) in the absence of sensory deficits.
Incapacité à reconnaitre certains types de stimuli (objets, visages, sons, etc.) en l’absence de déficits sensoriels.

agnosias
agnosic
agnosies
agnosique
agnosiques
agnosia
agnosie

Frank Arnould
Belliard, S., Jonin, P.-Y., & Merck, C. (2010). Actualités sur la démence sémantique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 2(1), 31-37. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.021.0031
Cole, R. H., Clark, C. N., & Poole, N. A. (2023). Semantic dementia: A complex and culturally influenced presentation. BJPsych Bulletin, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjb.2022.100
Kawakatsu, S., Kobayashi, R., Morioka, D., Hayashi, H., Utsunomiya, A., Kabasawa, T., Ohe, R., Futakuchi, M., & Otani, K. (2023). Clinicopathological diversity of semantic dementia: Comparisons of patients with early-onset versus late-onset, left-sided versus right-sided temporal atrophy, and TDP-type A versus type C pathology. Neuropathology, 43(1), 5–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/neup.12859
Kawakatsu, S., Kobayashi, R., Morioka, D., Hayashi, H., Utsunomiya, A., Kabasawa, T., Ohe, R., Futakuchi, M., & Otani, K. (2023). Clinicopathological diversity of semantic dementia: Comparisons of patients with early-onset versus late-onset, left-sided versus right-sided temporal atrophy, and TDP-type A versus type C pathology. Neuropathology, 43(1), 5–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/neup.12859
Klimova, B., Novotny, M., & Kuca, K. (2017). Semantic dementia: A mini-review. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.2174/1389557516666161223155110
Landin-Romero, R., Tan, R., Hodges, J. R., & Kumfor, F. (2016). An update on semantic dementia: Genetics, imaging, and pathology. Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy, 8(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-016-0219-5
Merck, C., Noël, A., Jamet, É., Robert, M., Salmon, A., & Kalénine, S. (2022). La démence sémantique: un bon modèle clinique de perte du système sémantique ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 14(3), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2022.0715
Snowden, J., Goulding, P. J., & David, N. (1989). Semantic dementia : A form of circumscribed cerebral atrophy. Behavioural Neurology, 2(3), 167‑182. https://doi.org/10.1155/1989/124043
Yang, Q., Guo, Q., & Bi, Y. (2015). The brain connectivity basis of semantic dementia: A selective review. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 21(10), 784–792. https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.12449
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
"Semantic dementia (SD) is a subtype of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) characterized by selective deficits in semantic memory, manifesting as loss of meaning for words, objects, or faces and is associated with prominent anterior temporal atrophy" (Kawakatsu et al., 2023, p. 5).
« La démence sémantique (DS) est une affection neuro­dégénérative rare, faisant partie des dégénérescences lobaires fronto­temporales. [...] Elle est définie comme relevant d’une atteinte progressive et isolée de la mémoire sémantique. [...] L’altération des connaissances sémantiques résulte de l’atrophie du lobe temporal, souvent bilatérale mais avec une prédominance des atteintes du côté gauche dans une majorité des cas [...] l’atteinte des connaissances sémantiques est présen­tée comme étant globale et profonde, responsable d’une réduction du vocabulaire, d’une mauvaise compréhension et de déficits dans l’identification des objets et des per­sonnes dans différentes modalités d’entrée, notamment ver­bale et non verbale » (Merck et al., 2022, p. 172).

démence sémantique
semantic dementia

Frank Arnould
Diamantaras, A. A., Blondiaux, E., Schumacher, R., Müri, R. M., Blanke, O., & Heydrich, L. (2023). The neuropsychology and neuroanatomy of reduplicative paramnesia. Cortex, 167, 12-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2023.06.006
Pignat, J.M., Ptak, R., Leemann, B., Guggisberg, A. G., Zahler, B., & Schnider, A. (2013). Modulation of environmental reduplicative paramnesia by perceptual experience. Neurocase, 19(5), 445-450. https://doi.org/10.1080/13554794.2012.690428
2017-12-04
2023-08-15
paramnésie reduplicative
reduplicative paramnesia
A disorder characterized by the involuntary attribution of a false identity to a place.
Trouble se manifestant par l'attribution involontaire d'une fausse identité à un lieu.
For example, Pignat et el. (2013) described the case of a 53-year-old man with frontal and temporal traumatic brain damage in the right hemisphere who thought he was in Portugal (his native country) when he was actually in Switzerland (his adopted country), essentially when the landscapes surrounding him were ambiguous. The disorder, which was transitory, finally disappeared.
Par exemple, Pignat et el. (2013) ont décrit le cas d’un homme de 53 ans, atteint de lésions cérébrales traumatiques frontales et temporales de l’hémisphère droit, qui pensait se trouver au Portugal (son pays natal) alors qu’il se trouvait en réalité en Suisse (son pays d’adoption), essentiellement quand les paysages l’environnant étaient ambigus. Le trouble, transitoire, finit par disparaitre.
environmental reduplicative paramnesia
paramnésie reduplicative environnementale

Frank Arnould
Pouliquen, D., Chastan, M., Bliaux, E., Nicolas, G., & Martinaud, O. (2020). Retrograde amnesia with transposition in the past : A neuropsychological and PET study of a case. Neuropsychology, 34(2), 235‑245. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000607
2020-09-10
2023-09-04
Associated with retrograde amnesia, a phenomenon in which the patient has an absolute belief that he or she is younger than his or her actual age and that he or she is living at an earlier age (Pouliquen et al., 2020).
Associé à une amnésie rétrograde, phénomène correspondant à la croyance absolue du patient d'être plus jeune que son âge réel et de vivre à cette époque plus précoce (Pouliquen et al., 2020).
transposition dans le passé
transposition in the past

Frank Arnould
De Vita, D., Sagliano, L., & Trojano, L. (in press). Memory biases in Alzheimer’s disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. A systematic review and metanalysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 105277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105277
Eustache, F., Giffard, B., Rauchs, G., Chételat, G., Piolino, P., & Desgranges, B. (2006). La maladie d’Alzheimer et la mémoire humaine. Revue Neurologique, 162(10), 929–939. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0035-3787(06)75102-5
Malone, C., Deason, R. G., Palumbo, R., Heyworth, N., Tat, M., & Budson, A. E. (2019). False memories in patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer’s disease dementia: Can cognitive strategies help? Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 41(2), 204–218. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2018.1513453
Rentz, D. M., Orlovsky, I., Kilpatrick, E., & Papp, K. V. (2019). Alzheimer’s disease. In M. L. Alosco & R. A. Stern (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Adult Cognitive Disorders (pp. 549–574). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190664121.013.26
Scheltens, P., De Strooper, B., Kivipelto, M., Holstege, H., Chételat, G., Teunissen, C. E., Cummings, J., & van der Flier, W. M. (2021). Alzheimer’s disease. The Lancet, 397(10284), 1577–1590. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32205-4
2017-12-04
El Haj, M., Colombel, F., Kapogiannis, D., & Gallouj, K. (2020). False memory in Alzheimer’s disease. Behavioural Neurology, 2020, e5284504. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5284504 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
McLachlan, E., Rai, S., Al-Shihabi, A., Huntley, J., Burgess, N., Howard, R., & Reeves, S. (2020). Neuroimaging correlates of false memory in ’Alzheimer’s disease: A preliminary systematic review. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 296, 111021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.111021 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-06-06
Alzheimer's dementia
dementia of the Alzheimer type
démence d'Alzheimer
démence de type Alzheimer
A degenerative disease of the brain with the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary degeneration. Brain atrophy begins in the hippocampal region, extends to associative regions and then to frontal regions. Memory problems are the first signs of the disease. Several aspects of memory are affected by Alzheimer's disease: episodic memory (which can disrupt people's sense of identity), semantic memory, working memory (including the central administrator). Procedural memory is more resistant to the disease, and perceptual priming is preserved.
Maladie dégénérative du cerveau (présence de plaques séniles et de dégénérescences neurofibrillaires). L’atrophie du cerveau débute dans la région hippocampique, s’étend aux régions associatives puis aux régions frontales. Les troubles de la mémoire constituent les signes inauguraux de la maladie. Plusieurs aspects de la mémoire sont touchés dans la maladie d’Alzheimer : la mémoire épisodique (pouvant perturber le sentiment d'identité des personnes), la mémoire sémantique, la mémoire de travail (notamment l’administrateur central). La mémoire procédurale résiste mieux à la maladie et les amorçages perceptifs sont préservés.

Alzheimer's disease
maladie d'Alzheimer

Frank Arnould
Shallice, T., & Warrington, E. (1970). Independent functioning of verbal memory stores: A neuropsychological study. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 22(2), 261–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335557043000203
Warrington, E. K., & Shallice, T. (1969). The selective impairment of auditory verbal short-term memory. Brain, 92(4), 885–896. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/92.4.885
2021-09-21
2023-09-04
K.F. patient
patient K.F.
A patient described by Shallice & Warrington (1969 ; 1970) who suffered from short-term memory impairment (reduced digit span, no recency effect) with preserved long-term memory after a traumatic brain injury.
Patient décrit par Shallice & Warrington (1969 ; 1970) qui, après un traumatisme crânien, présentait un trouble de la mémoire à court terme (empan de chiffres réduit, pas d’effet de récence), mais une mémoire à long terme préservée.
KF case
KF patient
cas KF
patient KF
K.F. case
cas K.F.

Frank Arnould
Basso, A., Spinnler, H., Vallar, G., & Zanobio, M. E. (1982). Left hemisphere damage and selective impairment of auditory verbal short-term memory. A case study. Neuropsychologia, 20(3), 263–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(82)90101-4
Vallar, G., & Baddeley, A. D. (1984a). Fractionation of working memory: Neuropsychological evidence for a phonological short-term store. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 23(2), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90104-X
Vallar, G., & Baddeley, A. D. (1984b). Phonological short-term store, phonological processing and sentence comprehension: A neuropsychological case study. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 1(2), 121–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643298408252018
2021-09-21
2023-09-04
P.V. patient
patiente P.V.
A patient suffering from a pure and specific phonological immediate memory impairment (Basso et al., 1982).
Patiente souffrant d’un trouble pur et spécifique de la mémoire immédiate phonologique (Basso et al., 1982).
PV case
PV patient
cas PV
patiente PV
P.V. case
cas P.V.

Bruno, D., & Schurmann Vignaga, S. (2019). Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination III in the diagnosis of dementia: A critical review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 15, 441–447. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S151253
Hodges, J. R., & Larner, A. J. (2017). Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examinations: ACE, ACE-R, ACE-III, ACEapp, and M-ACE. In A. J. Larner (Ed.), Cognitive Screening Instruments: A Practical Approach (pp. 109–137). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44775-9_6
Hsieh, S., Schubert, S., Hoon, C., Mioshi, E., & Hodges, J. R. (2013). Validation of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 36(3–4), 242–250. https://doi.org/10.1159/000351671
Mioshi, E., Dawson, K., Mitchell, J., Arnold, R., & Hodges, J. R. (2006). The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R): A brief cognitive test battery for dementia screening. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(11), 1078–1085. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1610
Noone, P. (2015). Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-III. Occupational Medicine, 65(5), 418–420. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqv041
2023-03-30
Frank Arnould
2023-03-31
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Homme
Human
A brief cognitive screening tool for the diagnosis of dementia. The test assesses attention, memory, verbal fluency, language and visuospatial abilities.
Outil de dépistage cognitif rapide pour le diagnostic de la démence. Le test évalue l'attention, la mémoire, la fluence verbale, le langage et les aptitudes visuospatiales.

Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination - III
Examen cognitif d'Addenbrooke - III

Glynn, K., Coen, R., & Lawlor, B. A. (2019). Is the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen (QMCI) more accurate at detecting mild cognitive impairment than existing short cognitive screening tests? A systematic review of the current literature. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 34(12), 1739–1746. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.5201
O’Caoimh, R., Gao, Y., McGlade, C., Healy, L., Gallagher, P., Timmons, S., & Molloy, D. W. (2012). Comparison of the quick mild cognitive impairment (Qmci) screen and the SMMSE in screening for mild cognitive impairment. Age and Ageing, 41(5), 624–629. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afs059
2023-03-30
Frank Arnould
2023-04-03
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Homme
Human
QMCI
QMCI
A quick cognitive screening tool for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment consisting of six sub-tests: orientation, registration, clock drawing, delayed recall, verbal fluency, and logical memory.
Outil de dépistage cognitif rapide pour le diagnostic du déficit cognitif léger comprenant six sous-tests : orientation, mémoire immédiate de mots, dessin de l'horloge, rappel différé de mots, fluence verbale et mémoire logique (rappel immédiat d'une histoire).
Dépistage rapide du déficit cognitif léger
Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen

Frank Arnould
De Wit, L., Marsiske, M., O’Shea, D., Kessels, R. P. C., Kurasz, A. M., DeFeis, B., Schaefer, N., & Smith, G. E. (2021). Procedural learning in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychology Review, 31(1), 103–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-020-09449-1
Li, X., & Zhang, Z. (2015). Neuropsychological and neuroimaging characteristics of amnestic mild cognitive impairment subtypes: A selective overview. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 21(10), 776–783. https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.12391
Rabi, R., Vasquez, B. P., Alain, C., Hasher, L., Belleville, S., & Anderson, N. D. (2020). Inhibitory control deficits in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis. Neuropsychology Review, 30(1), 97–125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-020-09428-6
2017-12-04
2023-03-29
aMCI
Déficit cognitif léger limité à des troubles de la mémoire épisodique.
Mild cognitive impairment limited to disorders of episodic memory.
amnestic mild cognitive impairment
déficit cognitif léger amnésique

Frank Arnould
Cattell, R. B. (1971). Abilities: Their structure, growth, and action. Houghton Mifflin.
2019-05-10
2023-03-23
Gc
A form of intelligence that corresponds to the ability to use acquired knowledge and skills.
Forme d'intelligence correspondant à l'aptitude à utiliser les connaissances et les habiletés acquises.
crystallized intelligence
intelligence cristallisée

Frank Arnould
Cattell, R. B. (1971). Abilities: Their structure, growth, and action. Houghton Mifflin.
2018-10-22
2023-03-23
Gf
Gf
fluid reasoning
raisonnement fluide
Aptitude à mener des raisonnements logiques pour résoudre des problèmes nouveaux, indépendante des connaissances acquises et de la culture.
The ability to apply logical reasoning to the solution of new problems, independent of prior knowledge and culture.

fluid intelligence
intelligence fluide

Frank Arnould
Norman, D. A., Shallice, T., (1986). Attention to action: Willed and automatic control of behaviour. In R.Davidson, G.E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro (Eds.), Consciousness and Self-Regulation: Advances in Research and Practice (Vol. 4, p. 1-18). Plenum Press.
2017-12-04
2022-02-18
Model of attention (Shallice & Norman, 1980 ; Norman & Shallice, 1986) used by Baddeley to describe the central executive functioning in working memory.
Modèle de l'attention (Norman & Shallice, 1980 ; Shallice & Norman, 1986) utilisé par Baddeley pour décrire le fonctionnement de l'administrateur central de la mémoire de travail.
The supervisory attentional system model was developed by Norman & Shallice to account for neuropsychological and everyday life data, such as slips of actions. It is a model of the attentional control of action, which operates at three levels: an automatic level, during which actions are performed without deliberate attention and triggered by internal or external cues, based on pre-existing routines; a semi-automatic level, when actions conflict, which will select the priority action to produce; a deliberate attentional level, when actions require planning, during decision-making, in new, poorly controlled, difficult or dangerous situations or in case of a problem during the execution of an action.
Élaboré pour rendre compte de données neuropsychologiques ou de la vie quotidienne, comme les actes manqués, le modèle de Norman et Shallice se présente comme une théorie du contrôle attentionnel des actions. Celui-ci opère selon trois niveaux : 1. Des actions peuvent être réalisées de façon complètement automatique, sans aucune intervention attentionnelle délibérée, à partir de ce que Norman et Shallice appellent des schémas, qui sont des routines d'actions rodées et habituelles, déclenchées par des indices internes ou environnementaux. 2. Lorsque des actions entrent en conflit, le contrôle des actions s'effectue de façon semi-automatique au moyen d'un gestionnaire de priorités de déroulement qui va sélectionner l'action prioritaire à effectuer. 3. Lorsqu'il s'agit de modifier, d’inhiber ou d'interrompre des actions en cours, de stopper des automatismes (donc les schémas), le contrôle devient attentionnel et délibéré et est pris en charge par le système attentionnel superviseur. Ce système interviendrait, par exemple, dans les tâches qui nécessitent des activités de planification et de prise de décision, lors de situations nouvelles, mal maîtrisées, difficiles ou dangereuses, en cas de problème pendant l'exécution d'une action. Le système attentionnel superviseur serait localisé dans les lobes frontaux puisque des lésions de cette partie de l'encéphale entraînent, par exemple, des troubles cognitifs comme la persévération, c'est-à-dire l'incapacité pour le patient d'interrompre et de modifier une réponse en cours ou encore des difficultés pour contrôler l'exécution de réponses habituelles.

supervisory attentional system
système attentionnel superviseur

Carré, J., Vom Hofe, A., & Boudoukha, A.-H. (2014). Psychopathologie de la vie quotidienne: Validation d’un nouveau questionnaire de défaillances cognitives. Psychologie Française, 59(2), 167–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psfr.2013.07.003
2022-07-25
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
QDCQ
QDCQ
Questionnaire d’autoévaluation des difficultés cognitives subjectives rencontrées dans la vie quotidienne dans les domaines de l’attention, du langage et de la mémoire.
Self-report questionnaire for subjective cognitive difficulties in daily life in the domains of attention, language and memory.
Cognitive Failures Questionnaire Daily
Questionnaire de défaillances cognitives quotidiennes

Harris, J.E., & Wilkins, A. Remembering to do things: A theoretical framework and an illustrative experiment. Human Learning, 1982, 1, 123-36.
Lecouvey, G., Gonneaud, J., Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2015). Les grandes théories de la mémoire prospective: Vers une vision dynamique des processus cognitifs engagés lors du rappel programmé d’intentions. Revue de neuropsychologie, 7(3), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.073.0207
2023-03-20
Frank Arnould
2023-03-24
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
TWTE model
modèle TWTE
A model of prospective memory in which the execution of an intention occurs after a series of tests and waits (Harris & Wilkins, 1982).
Modèle de la mémoire prospective selon lequel l’exécution d’une intention programmée n’intervient qu’après une série de tests et d’attentes (Harris & Wilkins, 1982).
Test-Wait-Test-Exit model
modèle Test-Wait-Test-Exit

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Processus permettant de rendre disponibles des informations stockées en mémoire pour des traitements ultérieurs.
The process by which information stored in memory is made available for further processing.

activations
activations
activation
activation

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Loui, P. (2021, December 26). Acoustic Spectrum Drives Statistical Learning of Scale Structure via Prediction Learning. Retrieved https://osf.io/pjkq2
Lukics, K. S., & Lukács, Á. (2021, September 27). The role of input properties in statistical learning: domain, modality and training effects in artificial grammar learning. https://osf.io/hzg7w
Luo, Y. (2018, January 23). Statistical learning creates novel object associations via transitive relations. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/B7TKX
Mirković, J., & Hayiou-Thomas, M. E. (2021, August 5). Cognitive mechanisms in statistical learning. https://osf.io/95z8y
Monroy, C. D., Houston, D. M., & Yu, C. (2022, April 19). Visual Statistical Learning in Deaf and Hearing Infants and Toddlers. https://osf.io/u8k29
Moreau, C., Joanisse, M. F., Ph.D., & Batterink, L. (2020, July 22). Explicit and Implicit Measures of Statistical Learning in Adults. https://osf.io/ysrwx
Moreau, C., Joanisse, M. F., Ph.D., & Batterink, L. (2021, February 8). Auditory and Visual Statistical Learning in Children with Various Reading and Language Abilities. https://osf.io/fpa3q
Morgan, E., Fogel, A., Nair, A., & Patel, A. D. (2018, December 21). Statistical learning and Gestalt-like principles predict melodic expectations. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WGZ9T
Nydam, A. S., Dux, P. E., PhD, & Sewell, D. K. (2020, April 3). Cortical tDCS and Visual Statistical Learning. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/Y34XZ
Ozernov-Palchik, O., & Qi, Z. (2022, January 18). Procedural learning and statistical learning in individuals with dyslexia. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/RV29Z
Pearce, M. T., Krishnan, S., Dick, F., & Carey, D. (2021, May 6). Effects of statistical learning in passive and active contexts on reproduction and recognition of auditory sequences. https://osf.io/t7k34
Perceptual and statistical cues interact to influence on causal learning trajectories in adults. https://osf.io/263x5
Perfors, A., & Kidd, E. (2018, August 27). What drives individual differences in statistical learning? The role of perceptual fluency and familiarity. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/JRPNC
Predictive processing during a naturalistic statistical learning task in ASD. https://osf.io/zbvhc
Samara, A. (2018, September 21). Statistical learning and spelling: Evidence from an incidental learning experiment with children. https://osf.io/vwz8n
Santolin, C., Rosa-Salva, O., Bastien, L., Regolin, L., & Vallortigara, G. (2020, August 6). Statistical learning in domestic chicks is modulated by strain and sex. https://osf.io/ce9pb
Sauter, M., Hanning, N. M., & Liesefeld, H. R. (2022, March 3). Post-capture processes contribute to statistical learning of distractor locations in visual search. https://osf.io/k9prw
Schmalz, X. (2016, October 21). Statistical learning and dyslexia: A systematic review. https://osf.io/ruj3v
Schmalz, X. (2018, May 25). Is statistical learning ability related to reading ability, and if so, why? https://osf.io/fqdnh
Sewell, I. J. (2022, March 19). The Relative Importance of Local Contingencies and Global Biases for Statistical Learning. https://osf.io/4vb92
Siegelman, N. (2019, November 5). rate of information and statistical learning. https://osf.io/6brs2
Smalle, E. H. M., & Möttönen, R. (2022, February 23). Disruption of the cognitive system facilitates statistical language learning. https://osf.io/dequ9
Statistical learning of spatiotemporal regularities dynamically guide visual attention across space. https://osf.io/h258s
Treiman, R., Kessler, B., Pollo, T. C., & Cardoso-Martins, C. (2019, February 17). Statistical learning and spelling: Evidence from Brazilian prephonological spellers. https://osf.io/kqzuh
Van Hedger, S. C. (2021, August 11). Talker variability facilitates the statistical learning of speech sounds. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/6CKBH
Van Hedger, S. C. (2022, February 10). Musical instrument familiarity affects statistical learning of tone sequences. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/FZMQE
Van Moorselaar, D. (2021, November 19). Statistical learning modulates perceptual sensitivity. https://osf.io/2vbw3
Van Witteloostuijn, M. T. G., Boersma, P., Wijnen, F., & Rispens, J. (2019, August 6). Statistical learning in dyslexia. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/T8SCV
Van Witteloostuijn, M. T. G., Boersma, P., Wijnen, F., & Rispens, J. (2019, December 18). Statistical learning and literacy skills. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/DR72A
Vuvan, D. T., Wojcik, E. H., & Friedman, R. S. (2020, October 16). A free and publicly available stimuli set for statistical learning experiments in language and music. https://osf.io/9n6um
Zinszer, B. D., Hannon, J., Kouadio, É., Akpé, H., Tanoh, F., Hu, A., … Jasińska, K. K. (2021, July 25). Three pilot experiments in statistical learning. https://osf.io/nza7m
datasetCitation : Benitez, V. L., & Li, Y. (2022, May 2). Statistical word learning in children and adults: The case of lexical overlap. https://osf.io/64uhc
datasetCitation : Siegelman, N. (2018, April 8). Entrechment in statistical learning. https://osf.io/x25tu
Frank Arnould
Aslin, R. N. (2017). Statistical learning: A powerful mechanism that operates by mere exposure. WIREs Cognitive Science, 8(1–2), e1373. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1373
Aslin, R. N., & Newport, E. L. (2012). Statistical learning: From acquiring specific items to forming general rules. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21(3), 170–176. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412436806
Christiansen, M. H. (2019). Implicit statistical learning: A tale of two literatures. Topics in Cognitive Science, 11(3), 468–481. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12332
Conway, C. M. (2020). How does the brain learn environmental structure? Ten core principles for understanding the neurocognitive mechanisms of statistical learning. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 112, 279–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.032
Fiser, J., Berkes, P., Orbán, G., & Lengyel, M. (2010). Statistically optimal perception and learning: From behavior to neural representations. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 14(3), 119–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2010.01.003
Frost, R., Armstrong, B. C., & Christiansen, M. H. (2019). Statistical learning research : A critical review and possible new directions. Psychological Bulletin, 145(12), 1128–1153. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000210
Isbilen, E. S., & Christiansen, M. H. (2022). Statistical learning of language : A meta-analysis into 25 years of research. Cognitive Science, 46(9), e13198. https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13198
Park, J., Janacsek, K., Nemeth, D., & Jeon, H.-A. (2022). Reduced functional connectivity supports statistical learning of temporally distributed regularities. NeuroImage, 260, 119459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119459
Saffran, J. R., & Kirkham, N. Z. (2018). Infant statistical learning. Annual Review of Psychology, 69(1), 181–203. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-122216-011805
Saffran, J. R., Aslin, R. N., & Newport, E. L. (1996). Statistical learning by 8-month-old infants. Science (New York, N.Y.), 274(5294), 1926–1928. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.274.5294.1926
Sherman, B. E., & Turk-Browne, N. B. (2020). Statistical prediction of the future impairs episodic encoding of the present. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(37), 22760–22770. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013291117
Szegedi-Hallgató, E., Janacsek, K., & Nemeth, D. (2019). Different levels of statistical learning—Hidden potentials of sequence learning tasks. PLOS ONE, 14(9), e0221966. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221966
Török, B., Nagy, D. G., Kiss, M., Janacsek, K., Németh, D., & Orbán, G. (2022). Tracking the contribution of inductive bias to individualised internal models. PLOS Computational Biology, 18(6), e1010182. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010182
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Dezső Németh
apprentissage de séquences
apprentissage probabiliste implicite
implicit probabilistic learning
sequence learning
Apprentissage non conscient de séquences récurrentes ou de régularités statistiques présentes dans l’environnement sans récompense ou renforcement.
Nonconscious learning of recurring sequences or statistical regularities in the environment without reward or reinforcement.

apprentissage de séquence
apprentissages statistiques
apprentissage statistique
statistical learning

Frank Arnould
Kim, H. (2015). Encoding and retrieval along the long axis of the hippocampus and their relationships with dorsal attention and default mode networks : The HERNET model. Hippocampus, 25(4), 500‑510. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22387
2020-10-27
2023-09-04
Hippocampal Encoding/Retrieval and Network model
Evolution of the HIPER model, "in which the encoding of sensory input involves mainly the anterior hippocampus and the external attention network, whereas retrieval engages mainly the posterior hippocampus and the internal attention network." (Kim, 2015, p. 501).
Modèle, évolution du modèle HIPER, « dans lequel l'encodage des entrées sensorielles mobilise principalement l'hippocampe antérieur et le réseau d'attention externe, alors que la récupération engage principalement l'hippocampe postérieur et le réseau d'attention interne ». (Kim, 2015, p. 501).
HERNET model
modèle HERNET

Frank Arnould
Jolicœur, P., & Dell’Acqua, R. (1998). The demonstration of short-term consolidation. Cognitive Psychology, 36(2), 138–202. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1998.0684
Ricker, T. (2015). The role of short-term consolidation in memory persistence. AIMS Neuroscience, 2(4), 259–279. https://doi.org/10.3934/Neuroscience.2015.4.259
2018-05-24
2023-04-03
Processus par lequel les traces mnésiques en mémoire à court terme deviennent plus durables et résistantes à l'oubli.
The process by which memory traces in short-term memory become more durable and resistant to forgetting.
consolidation à court terme
short-term consolidation

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A. (1996). Exploring the central executive. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 49(1), 5-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/713755608
Baddeley, A. (2012). Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422
2017-12-04
2022-03-07
attention exécutive
centre exécutif
contrôleur central
contrôleur exécutif
executive attention
système exécutif central
A component of working memory involved in the control of ongoing cognitive activity.
Composant de la mémoire de travail impliqué dans le contrôle de l'activité cognitive en cours.
Dans le modèle de Baddeley, système de la mémoire de travail dont le rôle est d'assurer le contrôle de l’attention et la coordination de la boucle phonologique, du calepin visuo-spatial et du buffer épisodique.
In Baddeley's model, system in working memory for the control of attention and the coordination of the phonological loop, the visuospatial sketchpad and the episodic buffer.

administrateur central
central executive

Koch, F.-S., Heimann, M., Rudner, M., Barr, R., PhD, Sundqvist, A., Thornberg, U. B., & Ullman, M. (2019, October 17). Ocular-motor serial reaction time (SRT) task. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/5NPRU
Zhao, F. (2020, February 17). Sequential modulation of across-task congruency in the serial reaction time task. https://osf.io/gvknb/
Frank Arnould
Janacsek, K., Shattuck, K. F., Tagarelli, K. M., Lum, J. A. G., Turkeltaub, P. E., & Ullman, M. T. (2020). Sequence learning in the human brain: A functional neuroanatomical meta-analysis of serial reaction time studies. NeuroImage, 207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116387
Nissen, M. J., & Bullemer, P. (1987). Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures. Cognitive Psychology, 19(1), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(87)90002-8
Robertson, E. M. (2007). The serial reaction time task: Implicit motor skill learning? Journal of Neuroscience, 27(38), 10073–10075. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2747-07.2007
2022-03-25
2023-09-04
SRT
SRTT
temps de reaction sériel
"In this task, a visual cue can appear at any one of four positions arranged horizontally on a computer screen. Each screen position, designated 1– 4, corresponds to a button on a response pad. When a cue appears, at the start of each trial, a participant selects the appropriate response button, which ends the trial [...]. The duration of each trial, defined by the participant’s response time, is the primary task measure. At the end of each trial, there is a short fixed delay, often between 200 and 500 ms, before another cue is presented. The visual cues play out a repeating sequence of positions (for example, 2-3-1-4-3-2-4-1-3-4-2-1). These sequential trials are then followed by random trials in which the visual cue no longer plays out a repeating pattern of positions." (Robertson, 2007, p. 10074).
« Dans cette tâche, un indice visuel peut apparaître à l'une des quatre positions disposées horizontalement sur un écran d'ordinateur. Chaque position de l'écran, désignée par 1 jusqu'à 4, correspond à un bouton sur un clavier de réponse. Lorsqu'un indice apparaît, au début de chaque essai, le participant sélectionne le bouton de réponse approprié, ce qui met fin à l'essai [...]. La durée de chaque essai, définie par le temps de réponse du participant, est la mesure principale de la tâche. À la fin de chaque essai, un court délai fixe, souvent entre 200 et 500 ms, est appliqué avant qu'un autre indice soit présenté. Les indices visuels présentent une séquence répétitive de positions (par exemple, 2-3-1-4-3-2-4-1-3-4-2-1). Ces essais séquentiels sont ensuite suivis d'essais aléatoires au cours desquels l'indice visuel ne reproduit plus un modèle répétitif de positions. » (Robertson, 2007, p. 10074).

serial reaction time
serial reaction times
tâches de temps de réaction sériel
serial reaction time task
tâche de temps de réaction sériel

Farkas, B. C. (2022, February 7). The reliability of the Alternating Serial Reaction Time task. https://osf.io/9szk7/
Frank Arnould
Farkas, B. C., Janacsek, K., & Nemeth, D. (2022). The reliability of the alternating serial reaction time task. PsyArXiv [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5nw4y
Howard, J. H., & Howard, D. V. (1997). Age differences in implicit learning of higher order dependencies in serial patterns. Psychology and Aging, 12(4), 634–656. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.12.4.634
Janacsek, K., Fiser, J., & Nemeth, D. (2012). The best time to acquire new skills: Age-related differences in implicit sequence learning across the human lifespan. Developmental Science, 15(4), 496–505. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2012.01150.x
2022-03-25
2023-09-04
ASRT
temps de réaction en série alterné
A variation of the serial reaction time task in which random elements are interspersed within the repeated sequence.
Variation de la tâche de temps de réaction sériel au cours de laquelle des éléments aléatoires sont intercalés au sein de la séquence répétée.
alternating serial reaction time
alternating serial reaction time tasks
alternating serial reaction times
alternating serial reaction time task
tâche de temps de réaction en série alterné

Frank Arnould
Bruner, E. (2018). Human paleoneurology and the evolution of the parietal cortex. Brain, Behavior and Evolution, 91(3), 136–147. https://doi.org/10.1159/000488889
Cabeza, R., Ciaramelli, E., Olson, I. R., & Moscovitch, M. (2008). The parietal cortex and episodic memory: An attentional account. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9(8), 613–625. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2459
2022-03-22
2023-09-04
DPC
cortex parietal postérieur dorsal
dorsal posterior parietal cortex
Region of the posterior parietal cortex comprising the superior parietal lobule, intraparietal sulcus and precuneus.
Région du cortex parietal postérieur comprenant le lobule pariétal supérieur, le sillon intrapariétal et le précunéus.
cortex pariétal dorsal
dorsal parietal cortex

Frank Arnould
Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1968). Human memory : A proposed system and its conrtol processes. In K. W. Spence & J. T. Spence (Éds.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 2, p. 89‑195). Academic Press. http://cogs.indiana.edu/FestschriftForRichShiffrin/pubs/1968%20Human%20Memory.%20Atkinson,%20Shiffrin.pdf
Atkinson, R.C.. & Shiffrin, R.M. (1968). La mémoire humaine : proposition d'un modèle avec ses processus de contrôle. Dans Serge Nicolas & Pascale Piolino (2010). Anthologie de psychologie cognitive de la mémoire (pp. 33-70). De Boeck.
Malmberg, K. J., Raaijmakers, J. G. W., & Shiffrin, R. M. (2019). 50 years of research sparked by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968). Memory & Cognition, 47(4), 561–574. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00896-7
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
Atkinson and Shiffrin's model
modèle d'Atkinson et Shiffrin
Model of the structure and control processes of memory (Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968). The information first enters the sensory register. Selected information is then transferred to the short-term store, whose capacity is limited. It is temporarily stored for several seconds. It may be kept longer if a mental rehearsal mechanism is engaged. Information is then transferred in the long-term store, and the latter can transfer information in the short-term store.
Modèle de la structure et des processus de contrôle de la mémoire (Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968). Les informations entrent tout d'abord dans le registre sensoriel. Une sélection d'informations est ensuite transférée dans le magasin à court terme, dont la capacité est limitée. Ces informations y sont stockées temporairement pendant quelques secondes. Elles peuvent être maintenues plus longtemps si un mécanisme de répétition mentale est enclenché. Le magasin à court terme peut ensuite transférer et récupérer des informations dans le magasin à long terme.

Atkinson & Shiffrin's model
modal model of memory
modèle modal de la mémoire

Frank Arnould
Eustache, F., & Desgranges, B. (2008). MNESIS: Towards the integration of current multisystem models of memory. Neuropsychology Review, 18(1), 53-69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-008-9052-3
Eustache, F., Viard, A., & Desgranges, B. (2016). The MNESIS model: Memory systems and processes, identity and future thinking. Neuropsychologia, 87, 96–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.05.006
2017-12-04
2022-06-01
Memory Neostructural and Inter-systemic model
Modèle Néo-Structural et Inter-systémique de la mémoire
Integrative model of memory, specifying the relations between different memory systems: procedural memory, semantic memory, episodic memory, perceptual memory and working memory (according to Baddeley's model).
Modèle intégratif de la mémoire, spécifiant les relations entre différents systèmes mnésiques : mémoires procédurale, sémantique, épisodique, perceptive et mémoire de travail (d'après le modèle de Baddeley).
MNESIS model
modèle MNESIS

Frank Arnould
Briglia, J. (2017). De l’énactivisme appliqué à la mémoire humaine : Athena, un modèle fractal de covariances sensorimotrices (https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01818765/file/2017_BRIGLIA_arch.pdf). Université Paul Valéry.
Briglia, J., Servajean, P., Michalland, A.-H., Brunel, L., & Brouillet, D. (2018). Modeling an enactivist multiple-trace memory. ATHENA: A fractal model of human memory. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 82, 97–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmp.2017.12.002
2018-07-30
2022-02-17
"ATHENA is a fractal model which keeps track of former processes that led to the emergence of knowledge, and is therefore able to process contextual processes (abstraction manipulation)." (Brigilia et al., 2018, p. 97).
« Modèle de mémoire énactiviste sans représentations inspiré de MINERVA2, mais prenant en compte les apports du modèle Act-In. La mémoire se construit ici par une contextualisation fractale des covariances sensorimotrices. » (Briglia, 2017).
ATHENA model
modèle ATHENA

Aust, F., & Stahl, C. (2022, February 14). The enhancing effect of caffeine on mnemonic discrimination. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/P7F4M
Ngo, C., Lin, Y., Newcombe, N., & Olson, I. R. (2018, April 2). Building up and wearing down episodic memory: Mnemonic discrimination and relational binding. Retrieved fromhttps://osf.io/j94nz
Wahlheim, C. N., Christensen, A. P., Cassidy, B. S., & Reagh, Z. (2021, November 23). Intrinsic functional connectivity in the default mode network predicts mnemonic discrimination: A connectome-based modeling approach. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/F6VG8
Frank Arnould
Bernstein, E. E., Brühl, A., Kley, H., Heinrichs, N., & McNally, R. J. (2020). Mnemonic discrimination in treatment-seeking adults with and without PTSD. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 131, 103650. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2020.103650
Yassa, M. A., & Stark, C. E. L. (2011). Pattern separation in the hippocampus. Trends in Neurosciences, 34(10), 515-525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2011.06.006
2020-06-11
2022-04-25
« La discrimination mnémonique dénote la capacité d'une personne à différencier un stimulus nouveau d’un stimulus précédent, très similaire. » (Berstein et al., 2020).
“Mnemonic discrimination denotes one's ability to diﬀerentiate a new stimulus from a previous, highly similar one.“ (Berstein et al., 2020).
discriminations mnémoniques
mnemonic discriminations
discrimination mnémonique
mnemonic discrimination

Frank Arnould
Neisser, U. (1981). John Dean’s memory: A case study. Cognition, 9(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(81)90011-1
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
mémoire répisodique
Generic memory that is the result of a mixture of similar specific memories (Neisser, 1981). Particular memories become harder to find, but appropriate cues may facilitate their retrieval.
Souvenir générique qui est le résultat d'un mélange de souvenirs spécifiques similaires (Neisser, 1981). Les souvenirs particuliers deviennent plus difficiles à retrouver, mais des indices appropriés peuvent faciliter leur remémoration.

repisodic memories
souvenirs répisodiques
repisodic memory
souvenir répisodique

Frank Arnould
Fuster, J. M. (1997). Network memory. Trends in Neurosciences, 20(10), 451–459. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01128-4
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Innate sensory and motor systems, which results from natural selection, and constituting the memory of the species, from which individual memory is built.
Systèmes sensoriels et moteurs innés, résultat de la sélection naturelle et constituant la mémoire de l'espèce, à partir desquels se construirait la mémoire individuelle.
mémoire phylétique
phyletic memory

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
souvenir auditif
Generic term used for the capability to encode, store and retrieve auditory information.
Terme générique utilisé pour désigner la capacité à coder, stocker et récupérer des informations auditives.

auditory memories
souvenirs auditifs
auditory memory
mémoire auditive

Frank Arnould
Mayes, A., Montaldi, D., & Migo, E. (2007). Associative memory and the medial temporal lobes. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11(3), 126-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2006.12.003
Moses, S. N., & Ryan, J. D. (2006). A comparison and evaluation of the predictions of relational and conjunctive accounts of hippocampal function. Hippocampus, 16(1), 43-65. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.20131
2017-12-04
2023-05-27
conjunctive binding
liage conjonctif
liaison conjonctive
mémoire conjonctive
Memory integrating into a unique representation the characteristics of an object (its shape, size, color, size, etc.).
Souvenir intégrant en une représentation unique les différentes caractéristiques d'un objet (sa taille, couleur, dimension...).
conjunctive memories
liaisons conjonctives
souvenirs conjonctifs
conjunctive memory
souvenir conjonctif

Frank Arnould
Sun, M.-K., & Alkon, D. L. (2014). The “Memory Kinases”: Roles of PKC Isoforms in Signal Processing and Memory Formation. In Z. U. Khan & E. C. Muly (Éd.), Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science (Vol. 122, p. 31–59). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420170-5.00002-7
2018-08-03
2022-01-11
PKCa
aPKC

protéines kinase C atypiques
atypical protein kinase C
protéine kinase C atypique

Frank Arnould
Giese, K. P., & Mizuno, K. (2013). The roles of protein kinases in learning and memory. Learning & Memory, 20(10), 540‑552. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.028449.112
Sun, M.-K., & Alkon, D. L. (2014). The “Memory Kinases”: Roles of PKC Isoforms in Signal Processing and Memory Formation. In Z. U. Khan & E. C. Muly (Éd.), Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science (Vol. 122, p. 31–59). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420170-5.00002-7
2018-08-03
2022-03-30
PKC
PKC

protéines kinase C
protein kinase C
protéine kinase C

Frank Arnould
McLaughlin, B. (1965). "Intentional" and "incidental" learning in human subjects : The role of instructions to learn and motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 63(5), 359‑376. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0021759
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
apprentissage non intentionnel
nonintentional learning
Learning situation in which the subject is not notified that his/her memory will be assessed.
Situation d’apprentissage durant laquelle le sujet n’est pas prévenu que le matériel acquis fera l’objet d’un test de mémoire.

apprentissages incidents
apprentissages non intentionnels
apprentissage incident
incidental learning

Frank Arnould
McLaughlin, B. (1965). "Intentional" and "incidental" learning in human subjects : The role of instructions to learn and motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 63(5), 359‑376. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0021759
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
apprentissage explicite
explicit learning
Learning situation in which the subject is notified that his memory will be assessed.
Situation d’apprentissage durant laquelle le sujet est prévenu que sa mémoire sera testée.

apprentissages explicites
apprentissages intentionnels
apprentissage intentionnel
intentional learning

Frank Arnould
​ Logan, G. D. (1988). Toward an instance theory of automatization. Psychological Review, 95(4), 492–527. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.95.4.492
2018-03-15
2022-01-12
​Dans le modèle de Logan (1988), trace laissée en mémoire à long terme par chaque exposition à une tâche. L'accumulation de ces traces va constituer une base de connaissances qui sera graduellement utilisée pour l'automatisation de la tâche.
​In Logan's model (1988), a trace left in long-term memory by each exposure to a task. The accumulation of these traces will constitute a knowledge base that will be gradually used for the automatization of the task.
episodic traces
traces épisodiques
episodic trace
trace épisodique

Frank Arnould
Fivush, R. (2009). Sociocultural perspectives on autobiographical memory. In M. L. Courage & N. Cowan (Eds.), The Development of Memory in Infancy and Childhood (p. 283-301). Psychology Press.
Fivush, R. (2014). Maternal reminiscing style: The sociocultural construction of autobiographical memory across childhood and adolescence. In P. J. Bauer & R. Fivish (Eds.), The Wiley Handbook on The Development of Children’s Memory (p. 568-585). Wiley.
Fivush, R. (2019). Family narratives and the development of an autobiographical self: Social and cultural perspectives on autobiographical memory. Routledge.
Fivush, R., & Nelson, K. (2004). Culture and language in the emergence of autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 15(9), 573-577. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00722.x
Fivush, R., Haden, C. A., & Reese, E. (2023). Parent–child autobiographical reminiscing as a foundation for literacy, memory, and science education. In R. Logie, N. Cowan, S. Gathercole, R. Engle, & Z. Wen (Eds.), Memory in Science for Society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 273–294). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849069.003.0011
Léonard, C., Geurten, M., & Willems, S. (2020). L’influence du style de réminiscence parentale sur le développement des mémoires autobiographique et épisodique. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 12(3), 299‑307. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0586
Wu, Y., & Jobson, L. (2019). Maternal reminiscing and child autobiographical memory elaboration: A meta-analytic review. Developmental Psychology, 55(12), 2505–2521. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000821
2017-12-04
2023-05-27
conversational style
parental reminiscing style
style conversationnel
Mode de communication qu'adoptent les parents avec leur enfant en parlant du passé et qui influencerait le développement de la mémoire autobiographique.
Mode of communication used by parents with their children when talking about the past, which is thought to influence the development of autobiographical memory.
conversational styles
parental reminiscing styles
reminiscing styles
styles conversationnels
styles de réminiscence
reminiscing style
style de réminiscence

jpurcel8. (2021). Data for Purcell, Rapp, and Martin (2021) Distinct neural substrates support phonological and orthographic working memory: Implications for theories of working memory. https://github.com/jpurcel8/Distinct-Neural-Substrates-Support-P-and-O-WM_Figure3-4
Frank Arnould
Martin, R. C., Rapp, B., & Purcell, J. (2021). Domain-specific working memory: Perspectives from cognitive neuropsychology. In R. Logie, V. Camos, & N. Cowan (Eds.), Working memory: The state of the science (pp. 235–281). Oxford University Press.
Purcell, J., Rapp, B., & Martin, R. C. (2021). Distinct neural substrates support phonological and orthographic working memory: Implications for theories of working memory. Frontiers in Neurology, 12, 681141. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.681141
2021-08-30
2023-09-04
buffer graphémique
graphemic buffer
tampon graphémique
Fonction de la mémoire de travail « impliquée dans la rétention de l'identité et de l'ordre des lettres pendant l'épellation de mots individuels » (Purcell et al., 2021, p. 1-2).
Function of working memory “involved in retaining the identity and order of letters during the spelling of individual words.“ (Purcell et al., 2021, p. 1-2).
mémoire de travail orthographique
orthographic working memory

Frank Arnould
Beckers, G. J. L., Berwick, R. C., Okanoya, K., & Bolhuis, J. J. (2017). What do animals learn in artificial grammar studies? Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 81, 238–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.12.021
Nicolas, S. (1996). L’apprentissage implicite : le cas des grammaires artificielles. L’Année Psychologique, 96(3), 459-493. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1996.28910
Pothos, E. M. (2007). Theories of artificial grammar learning. Psychological Bulletin, 133(2), 227–244. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.227
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
apprentissage d'une grammaire artificielle
artificial grammar
grammaire artificielle
A task in which the subject is first confronted with a series of letters that follow artificial grammar rules. He/she then has to decide whether new series violate these rules or not.
Tâche durant laquelle le sujet est d'abord confronté à des suites de lettres obéissant à règles grammaticales artificielles. Il doit ensuite décider si de nouvelles séries violent ou non ces règles.

artifical grammar learning
artificial grammar learning task
tâche d'apprentissage d'une grammaire artificielle

Frank Arnould
Meyer, D. E., & Schvaneveldt, R. W. (1971). Facilitation in recognizing pairs of words: Evidence of a dependence between retrieval operations. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 90(2), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031564
2017-12-04
2022-03-16
décision lexicale
lexical decision
Deciding whether the sequence of letters presented is a word or a nonword. Used especially in indirect tests of memory.
Tâche consistant à demander au sujet de décider si la suite de lettres qui lui est proposée est un mot ou un non-mot . Utilisée notamment dans les tests indirects de la mémoire.

décisions lexicales
lexical decision tasks
lexical decisions
tâches de décision lexicale
lexical decision task
tâche de décision lexicale

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2022-03-30
According to these models, recognition is based on two different processes: 1. Recollection. The subject consciously retrieves the item to be recognized with the aid of contextual cues ; 2. Familiarity. Recognition of an item is based on a feeling of familiarity, without the retrieval of contextual details.
Selon ces modèles, la reconnaissance peut reposer sur deux processus différents : 1. la remémoration (recollection). Le sujet va récupérer consciemment l'item qu'il doit reconnaître en s'aidant d'éléments contextuels ; 2. la familiarité. Le sujet base sa reconnaissance sur un sentiment de familiarité de l'item (sentiment d'avoir rencontré précédemment l'item) sans récupérer les détails contextuels.
dual-process models of recognition memory
modèle à deux processus de la reconnaissance

Frank Arnould
Hockley, W. E., & Murdock, B. B. (1987). A decision model for accuracy and response latency in recognition memory. Psychological Review, 94(3), 341‑358. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.94.3.341
Murdock, B. B. (1982). A theory for the storage and retrieval of item and associative information. Psychological Review, 89(6), 609-626. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.89.6.609
Murdock, B. B. (1983). A distributed memory model for serial-order information. Psychological Review, 90(4), 316‑338. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.90.4.316
Murdock, B. B. (1993). TODAM2 : A model for the storage and retrieval of item, associative, and serial-order information. Psychological Review, 100(2), 183‑203. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.100.2.183
Murdock, B. B. (1995). Developing TODAM : Three models for serial-order information. Memory & Cognition, 23(5), 631‑645. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03197264
2021-07-12
2023-09-04
Theory of Distributed Associative Memory
théorie de la mémoire associative distribuée
« modèle de la mémoire et de la décision en deux étapes pour la reconnaissance d'items. Selon ce modèle, les items ou événements sont représentés par des vecteurs aléatoires, les opérations de stockage et de récupération sont la convolution et la corrélation, et le stockage en mémoire est distribué. » (Hockley & Murdock, 1987, p. 381).
“a two-stage memory-and-decision model of item recognition. According to this model, items or events are represented by random vectors, the storage and retrieval operations are convolution and correlation, and memory storage is distributed.“ Hockey & Murdock, 1987, p. 381).
TODAM
TODAM

Frank Arnould
Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Yonelinas, A. P. (1994). Receiver-operating characteristics in recognition memory : Evidence for a dual-process model. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20(6), 1341‑1354. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.20.6.1341
Yonelinas, A. P., & Parks, C. M. (2007). Receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) in recognition memory: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 133(5), 800-832. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.5.800 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2021-06-07
2023-09-04
DPSD
DPSD
DPSDT
DPSDT
dual process signal detection theory
théorie de la détection du signal à deux processus
"assumes that recognition memory judgments are based on a recollection process whereby qualitative information about the study event is retrieved (e.g., where or when an item was studied), or if recollection fails, recognition is based on a familiarity assessment process“ (Yonelinas, 2007, p. 809).
« suppose que les jugements de mémoire de reconnaissance sont basés sur un processus de recollection par lequel des informations qualitatives sur l'événement étudié sont récupérées (par exemple, où ou quand un élément a été étudié), ou si la recollection échoue, la reconnaissance est basée sur un processus d'évaluation de la familiarité » (Yonelinas, 2007, p. 809).
dual-process signal detection model
dual process signal detection model
modèle de la détection du signal à deux processus

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
In these models, based on signal detection theory, recognition of items is based on a familiarity judgment according to a decision criterion. When familiarity is above this criterion, items are judged old. When familiarity is below this criterion, items are judged new.
Modèles, basés sur la théorie de la détection du signal, selon lesquels la performance dans une tâche de reconnaissance repose sur le jugement de familiarité des items en fonction d'un critère de décision. Les items dont la familiarité est supérieure à ce critère sont jugés anciens (étudiés), ceux dont la familiarité est inférieure à ce critère sont jugés nouveaux.
modèles à processus unique de la reconnaissance
single-process models of recognition memory

Frank Arnould
Gillund, G., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1984). A retrieval model for both recognition and recall. Psychological Review, 91(1), 1-67. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-295X.91.1.1
Raaijmakers, J. G. W., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1980). SAM : A theory of probabilistic Search of Associative Memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 14, p. 207‑262). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60162-0
Raaijmakers, J. G., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1981). Search of associative memory. Psychological Review, 88(2), 93‑134. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.88.2.93
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
Search for Associative Memory model
SAM (Search for Associative Memory) est un modèle mathématique développé par Raaijmakers & Shiffrin (1980) et complété par Gillund et Shiffrin (1984), permettant de simuler le rappel et la reconnaissance en mémoire épisodique.
SAM (Search for Associative Memory) is a mathematical model developed by Raaijmakers & Shiffrin (1980) and completed by Gillund and Shiffrin (1984), which is used to simulate recall and recognition in episodic memory.
SAM model
modèle SAM

Frank Arnould
Diana, R. A., Yonelinas, A. P., & Ranganath, C. (2007). Imaging recollection and familiarity in the medial temporal lobe: A three-component model. Trends in cognitive sciences, 11(9), 379–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2007.08.001
2018-03-05
2023-03-14
Binding items and contexts model
​Model of episodic memory according to which the hippocampus, the perirhinal cortex and the parahippocampal cortex are involved in recollection and familiarity processes during recognition tasks. The perirhinal cortex is engaged in encoding and retrieving items. It is involved in the process of familiarity. The parahippocampal cortex participates in encoding and retrieving the context. It is involved in recollection process. The hippocampus binds the item to its context and is involved in the recollection process.
​Modèle de la mémoire épisodique selon lequel l'hippocampe, le cortex périrhinal et le cortex parahippocampique seraient impliqués dans la recollection et la familiarité au cours de tâches de reconnaissance. Le cortex périrhinal interviendrait dans l'encodage et la récupération des items. Il serait impliqué dans le processus de familiarité. Le cortex parahippocampique interviendrait dans l'encodage et la récupération du contexte. Il serait impliqué dans le processus de recollection. L'hippocampe permettrait de lier l'item à son contexte et interviendrait dans le processus de recollection.
BIC model
modèle BIC

Frank Arnould
Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2021-06-07
Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
EVSD
EVSD
EVSDT
EVSDT
equal-variance signal detection model
modèle de la détection du signal avec variance égale
Modèle de la détection du signal de la reconnaissance quand la variabilité de la distribution des items cibles est identique à celle de la distribution des distracteurs.
Signal detection model of recognition when the variability of the target items distribution is identical to that of the distractor distribution.
equal-variance signal detection theory
théorie de la détection du signal avec variance égale

Frank Arnould
Besson, G., Ceccaldi, M., & Barbeau, E. J. (2013). L’évaluation des processus de la mémoire de reconnaissance. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 4(4), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2012.0238 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Ratcliff, R., Sheu, C. F., & Gronlund, S. D. (1992). Testing global memory models using ROC curves. Psychological Review, 99(3), 518–535. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.99.3.518
2021-06-07
Rotello, C. M. (2017). Signal detection theories of recognition memory. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), Learning and Memory : A Comprehensive Reference (p. 201‑225). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.21044-4 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Wixted, J. T. (2007). Dual-process theory and signal-detection theory of recognition memory. Psychological Review, 114(1), 152‑176. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.1.152 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
UVSD
UVSD
UVSDT
UVSDT
modèle de la détection du signal avec variance inégale
Modèle de la détection du signal de la reconnaissance quand la variabilité de la distribution des items cibles est plus grande que celle des distracteurs.
Signal detection model of recognition when the variability of the distribution of target items is greater than that of the distractors.
théorie de la détection du signal avec variance inégale
unequal-variance signal detection theory

2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
Dempsey, JulieL., & Pozzulo, JoannaD. (2013). Children’s identification accuracy of multiple perpetrators: Examining the simultaneous versus elimination line-up. Psychiatry, Psychology & Law, 20(3), 353–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2012.679124 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Humphries, J. E., Holliday, R. E., & Flowe, H. D. (2012). Faces in motion: Age-related changes in eyewitness identification performance in simultaneous, sequential, and elimination video lineups. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 26(1), 149–158. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1808 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pozzulo, J. D., & Lindsay, R. C. L. (1999). Elimination lineups: An improved identification procedure for child eyewitnesses. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(2), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.84.2.167 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pozzulo, J. D., & Balfour, J. (2006). Children’s and adults’ eyewitness identification accuracy when a culprit changes his appearance: Comparing simultaneous and elimination lineup procedures. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 11(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.1348/135532505X52626 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pozzulo, J. D., Dempsey, J., Corey, S., Girardi, A., Lawandi, A., & Aston, C. (2008). Can a lineup procedure designed for child witnesses work for adults? Comparing simultaneous, sequential, and elimination lineup procedures. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 38(9), 2195–2209. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2008.00387.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pozzulo, J. D., Dempsey, J. L., & Gascoigne, E. (2009). Eyewitness accuracy when making multiple identifications using the elimination line-up. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 16(sup1), S101–S111. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218710802456025 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pozzulo, J. D., Dempsey, J., & Crescini, C. (2009). Preschoolers’ person description and identification accuracy: A comparison of the simultaneous and elimination lineup procedures. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 30(6), 667–676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2009.01.004 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pozzulo, JoannaD., Dempsey, JulieL., & Clarke, C. (2010). Can the elimination lineup procedure overcome lineup bias: Comparison of procedures. Psychiatry, Psychology & Law, 17(1), 32–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218710903433956 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pozzulo, J. D., Dempsey, J., & Pettalia, J. (2013). The Z Generation: Examining Perpetrator Descriptions and Lineup Identification Procedures. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 28(1), 63–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-012-9107-5 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Pozzulo, J. D., Reed, J., Pettalia, J., & Dempsey, J. (2016). Simultaneous, Sequential, Elimination, and Wildcard: A Comparison of Lineup Procedures. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 31(1), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-015-9168-3 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-06-13
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
elimination police lineup
parade d’identification par élimination
A police lineup procedure originally designed for children, but also suitable for use with adolescents and adults. The witness first participates in a simultaneous lineup in which he or she is asked to select the individual who most resembles the perpetrator. The other members of the lineup are then discarded and the witness is asked to compare the selected suspect with his or her memory of the perpetrator and to indicate whether this person is the perpetrator.
Procédure de tapissage de police conçue initialement pour les enfants, mais également utilisable avec des adolescents et des adultes. Le témoin oculaire participe d’abord à un tapissage simultané au cours duquel on lui demande de sélectionner l’individu qui ressemble le plus au coupable. Les autres membres du tapissage sont alors écartés et le témoin doit comparer le suspect sélectionné avec sa mémoire du coupable et indiquer si cet individu est bien le coupable.
elimination lineups
elimination police lineups
parades d’identification par élimination
tapissages par élimination
elimination lineup
tapissage par élimination

Ayala, N. T., Smith, A., & Ying, R. C. (2022, September 27). The “Rule Out” Lineup: Increasing the Capacity for Police Investigators to Detect Suspect Innocence. https://osf.io/ksrp3
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
Ayala, N. T., Smith, A. M., & Ying, R. C. (2022). The rule-out procedure: Increasing the potential for police investigators to detect suspect innocence from eyewitness lineup procedures. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(4), 489–499. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000018 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Smith, A. M., Ayala, N. T., & Ying, R. C. (2023). The rule out procedure: A signal-detection-informed approach to the collection of eyewitness identification evidence. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 29(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000373 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-06-19
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
procédure de rejet
A simultaneous lineup procedure in which the eyewitness makes an identification decision and rates his or her confidence in that decision. The lineup is then presented a second time and the eyewitness is asked to rate how confident he or she is that each person not initially identified is not the perpetrator (Ayala et al., 2022).
Procédure de tapissage simultané au cours de laquelle le témoin oculaire effectue tout d’abord une identification et évalue son niveau de confiance dans sa décision. Puis, la parade lui est présentée une seconde fois et il doit évaluer, pour chaque personne qu’il n’a pas identifiée initialement, à quel point il est conﬁant qu’elle n’est pas la personne coupable (Ayala et al., 2022).
procédure d’exclusion
rule-out procedure

Frank Arnould
Dinges, D., & Whitehouse, W. (1985). A dual-probe recognition memory task for use during sustained operations. Behavior Research Methods, 17, 656–658. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03200978
2019-04-24
2023-03-28
dual-probe recognition paradigm
dual-probe recognition procedure
paradigme de reconnaissance avec double sonde ​
procedure de reconnaissance avec double sonde ​
The subject is presented with a series of items. The subject is then asked to decide whether a first item was part of the series or not, and then a second item.
Une série d'items est présentée au sujet. Il doit ensuite décider si un premier item faisait partie ou non de la série, puis un second.
dual-probe recognition task ​
tâche de reconnaissance avec double sonde ​

Frank Arnould
Oberauer, K. (2003). Understanding serial position curves in short-term recognition and recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 49(4), 469–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(03)00080-9 ​
2018-09-10
2023-04-03
The task of recognizing an item as having been presented in a particular position in a list.
Tâche consistant à reconnaitre un item comme ayant été présenté dans une position précise dans une liste.
local recognition task
tâche de reconnaissance locale

Frank Arnould
Stark, S. M., Kirwan, C. B., & Stark, C. E. L. (2019). Mnemonic similarity task : A tool for assessing hippocampal integrity. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23(11), 938-951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.08.003
2019-10-28
2023-03-15
Behavioral Pattern Separation Task
tâche comportementale de séparation de pattern
Recognition task used as a method for studying hippocampal pattern separation processes. Subjects encode a series of visual stimuli in an incidental manner. The items presented during the recognition test are of three types: 1) items identical to those presented during the encoding phase (old items); 2) completely new items; 3) visually similar items to encoded items. During the surprise recognition test, subjects are asked to indicate whether each item presented is old, new or similar.
Tâche de reconnaissance utilisée comme méthode d’étude des processus hippocampiques de séparation de patterns. Les sujets encodent une série de stimuli visuels de manière incidente. Les items présentés pendant le test de reconnaissance sont de trois types : 1) des items identiques à ceux présentés pendant la phase d’encodage (items anciens) ; 2) des items totalement nouveaux ; 3) des items visuellement similaires à ceux qui ont été étudiés. Durant le test surprise de reconnaissance, les sujets doivent indiquer si chaque item présenté est ancien, nouveau ou similaire.
mnemonic similarity task
tâche de similarité mnémonique

Frank Arnould
Cleary, A. M., Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (2019). Dependent measures in memory research: From free recall to recognition. In Handbook of research methods in human memory (pp. 19–35). Routledge.
2017-12-04
2022-03-16
paradigme de reconnaissance oui/non
yes/no recognition paradigm
Dans un test de reconnaissance oui/non, les items test sont présentés un par un. Le sujet doit indiquer pour chaque item s’il a été étudié antérieurement ou non.
In a yes/no recognition test, test items are presented one by one and the subject has to decide if each item is old or new.
tâche de reconnaissance oui/non
yes/no recognition task

Frank Arnould
Sternberg, S. (1966). High-speed scanning in human memory. Science, 153(3736), 652-654. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.153.3736.652
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Sternberg item recognition task
Sternberg paradigm
Sternberg's memory scanning paradigm
memory scanning experiment
memory scanning paradigm
paradigme de Sternberg
paradigme du balayage mnésique
tâche de reconnaissance d'un item de Sternberg
Experimental paradigm (Sternberg, 1966) to study retrieval processes in short-term memory.
Paradigme expérimental proposé en 1966 par Saul Sternberg pour étudier les processus de récupération en mémoire à court terme.
La tâche de Sternberg, dans sa forme originale, consiste à présenter au sujet des listes de 1 à 6 chiffres. À la fin de chaque liste, il doit décider si un chiffre sonde fait partie ou non de la liste mémorisée. Les résultats montrent que le temps de réaction augmente de façon linéaire en fonction du nombre d’items dans la liste et ce, que le chiffre sonde appartienne ou non à la liste. Selon Sternberg, ces résultats indiquent que la récupération en mémoire à court terme s’effectue au moyen d’un balayage (scanning) exhaustif du contenu de la mémoire au moyen d’un processus de comparaison sériel.
The Sternberg task, in its original form, consists of presenting the subject with lists of 1 to 6 digits. At the end of each list, the subject is asked to decide whether or not a probe digit is part of the memorized list. The results show that reaction time increases linearly with the number of items in the list, regardless of whether the probe is in the list or not. According to Sternberg, these results indicate that short-term memory retrieval is achieved through an exhaustive scanning of the memory content by means of a serial comparison process.

Sternberg task
tâche de Sternberg

Frank Arnould
Yonelinas, A. P. (1997). Recognition memory ROCs for item and associative information : The contribution of recollection and familiarity. Memory & Cognition, 25(6), 747‑763. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211318
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
associative recognition paradigm
associative recognition test
paradigme de reconnaissance associative
test de reconnaissance associative
Les sujets mémorisent des paires de mots et sont ensuite invités à reconnaitre les paires de mots intactes parmi de paires de mots réarrangés.
The subjects learn pairs of words and then are asked to recognize the intact word pairs among rearranged word pairs.
associative recognition
associative recognition tasks
reconnaissance associative
reconnaissances associatives
associative recognition task
tâche de reconnaissance associative

Frank Arnould
Oberauer, K. (2003). Understanding serial position curves in short-term recognition and recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 49(4), 469–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(03)00080-9 ​
2018-09-10
2023-04-03
The task of recognizing an item as having been presented in a particular list.
Tâche consistant à reconnaitre un item comme ayant été présenté dans une liste particulière.
global recognition task
tâche de reconnaissance globale

Frank Arnould
Rovee, C. K., & Rovee, D. T. (1969). Conjugate reinforcement of infant exploratory behavior. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 8(1), 33-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(69)90025-3
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
An operant conditioning technique used to study memory development in infants aged 2-6 months. A ribbon is attached to one of the baby's ankles. The baby's kicks do not move a mobile placed above the cot (a phase to assess the basic level of foot movement). The other end of the ribbon is then attached in such a way that the child's kicks move the mobile (acquisition phase). After a retention interval, which the researcher can vary, the ribbon is again attached to the baby's ankle but the baby's kicks do not move the mobile (which can be the same as the one used during the acquisition phase or a different mobile). During this test, if the kicks are more numerous than the baseline kicks, the researcher infers that the baby has recognised the mobile. If there is no difference between these two phases, the mobile has not been recognised.
Technique d’apprentissage opérant permettant d’étudier le développement de la mémoire chez les nourrissons âgés de 2 à 6 mois. Un ruban est attaché à l’une des chevilles du bébé. Ses coups de pied ne permettent pas de faire bouger un mobile placé au-dessus du berceau (phase permettant d’évaluer le niveau de base des mouvements du pied). L’autre extrémité du ruban est ensuite fixée de telle sorte que les coups de pied donnés par l’enfant font bouger le mobile (phase d’acquisition). Après un intervalle de rétention, que le chercheur peut faire varier, le ruban est de nouveau attaché à la cheville du bébé, mais ses coups de pied ne font pas bouger le mobile (qui peut être le même que celui utilisé pendant la phase d’acquisition ou bien un mobile différent). Si, pendant ce test, les coups de pied sont plus nombreux que les coups de pied du niveau de base, le chercheur infère que le bébé a reconnu le mobile. Si aucune différence n’est constatée entre ces deux phases, le mobile n’est pas reconnu.
mobile conjugate reinforcement technique
technique du renforcement conjugué

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-05-18
2AFC
2AFC
2AFC paradigm
choix forcé à deux alternatives
paradigme 2AFC
paradigme du choix forcé à deux alternatives
two-alternatives forced choice paradigm
two-alternatives forced choice task
Recognition task in which two items are presented and the subject is asked to indicate which one has been studied, even if he/she is not sure of the answer.
Tâche de reconnaissance durant lequel deux items sont présentés et le sujet doit indiquer lequel a été étudié, même s'il n'est pas sûr de la réponse.

procédure du choix forcé à deux alternatives
two-alternatives forced choice procedure

Frank Arnould
Gathercole, S., & Pickering, S. (2001). Working memory deficits in children with special educational needs. British Journal of Special Education, 28(2), 89-97. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8527.00225
2017-12-04
2023-03-29
A span task in which increasing sequences of items are presented. After one series of items, another identical sequence is presented, or a sequence with an adjacent transposition in the order of two items. The subject is asked to indicate whether he or she recognizes the sequence that follows each series.
Tâche d’empan dans laquelle des séquences croissantes d’items sont présentées. Après chaque série, une séquence identique est présentée ou une séquence comportant une transposition adjacente dans l’ordre de deux items. Le sujet doit indiquer s’il reconnait ou non la séquence qui suit chaque série.
recognition span task
tâche d'empan de reconnaissance

Frank Arnould
Shepard, R. N., & Teghtsoonian, M. (1961). Retention of information under conditions approaching a steady state. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62(3), 302-309. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0048606
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
A recognition task in which the subject is asked to decide on each trial whether the item presented is new or old.
Tâche de reconnaissance durant laquelle le sujet doit décider, à chaque essai, si l'item qui lui est présenté est nouveau ou ancien.
continuous recognition task
tâche de reconnaissance continue

Frank Arnould
Dewhurst, S. A., & Anderson, S. J. (1999). Effects of exact and category repetition in true and false recognition memory. Memory & Cognition, 27(4), 665–673. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211560
2019-05-10
2023-03-27
category repetition procedure
procédure de répétition d'une catégorie
Des items appartenant à une catégorie sémantique (par exemple, la catégorie des fruits) sont présentés pendant la phase d'étude. La mémoire de reconnaissance des items est ensuite testée en présentant des items non étudiés appartenant à la même catégorie sémantique.
Items belonging to a semantic category (e.g. fruits) are presented during the study phase. Non-studied items belonging to the same semantic category are then presented during the recognition test.
category repetition paradigm ​
paradigme de répétition d’une catégorie ​

Frank Arnould
2021-06-10
2023-09-04
ADE
DMS
choix forcé
delayed match-to-sample paradigm
delayed match-to-sample procedure
delayed match-to-sample task
delayed-to-matching paradigm
delayed-to-matching procedure
delayed-to-matching task
forced choice
forced choice method
forced choice recognition paradigm
match-to-sample task
méthode en choix forcé
paradigm d’appariement différé
paradigme de reconnaissance en choix forcé
procedure d’appariement différé à l'échantillon
tâche d'appariement à l'échantillon
tâche d’appariement différé à l'échantillon
Recognition task in which at least two stimuli are presented and the subject is asked to indicate which one has been studied, with the requirement to make a choice even if he/she does not know the answer.
Tâche de reconnaissance durant laquelle au moins deux stimuli sont présentés et le sujet doit indiquer lequel a été étudié, avec obligation d’effectuer un choix, même s’il ne connait pas la réponse.

appariement à l'échantillon
delayed match to sample
forced choiced recognition
match to sample
forced choice recognition task
tâche de reconnaissance en choix forcé

Frank Arnould
Chubala, C. M., Neath, I., & Surprenant, A. M. (2019). A comparison of immediate serial recall and immediate serial recognition. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 73(1), 5–27. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000158
2017-12-04
2022-02-21
immediate serial recognition task
matching span task
paradigme de reconnaissance sérielle
serial recognition paradigm
tâche de reconnaissance sérielle immédiate
Recognition task in which the subject has to recognize the order of items.
Tâche de reconnaissance au cours de laquelle le sujet doit reconnaître l’ordre des items qui ont été étudiés.
reconnaissance sérielle
reconnaissances sérielles
serial recognition
serial recognition task
tâche de reconnaissance sérielle

Frank Arnould
Hartshorn, K., & Rovee-Collier, C. (1997). Infant learning and long-term memory at 6 months: a confirming analysis. Developmental Psychobiology, 30(1), 71–85. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2302(199701)30:13.3.CO;2-7
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Method for the study of episodic memory in infants aged 6 to 18 months. In the first phase of the task, the lever enabling babies to move a model train on a circular track is turned off. In the second phase, the lever is turned on, allowing infants to learn to move the train. In the third phase, the lever is switched off again. The train is considered to have been recognized when babies frequently activate the lever in the third phase as compared to the first.
Méthode d'étude de la mémoire épisodique chez les nourrissons âgés de 6 à 18 mois. Dans la première phase de la tâche, le levier permettant aux bébés de faire avancer un train miniature sur une piste circulaire est désactivé. Dans la seconde phase, le levier est activé, ce qui permet aux nourrissons d'apprendre à faire avancer le train. Dans la troisième phase, le levier est de nouveau désactivé. Le train est considéré comme reconnu quand les bébés activent plus fréquemment le levier dans la troisième phase par rapport à la première.
train task
tâche du train

Frank Arnould
Dohm-Hansen, S., & Johansson, M. (2020). Mnemonic discrimination of object and context is differentially associated with mental health. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 107268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107268
2020-06-12
2023-03-23
MDOC task
Method for the study of mnemonic discrimination. Subjects learn images in which an everyday object is placed against a background (the context). During the recognition phase, three types of images are presented: images identical to those studied, completely new images, and images similar but not identical to those studied. For each image, the subject is asked to indicate whether the object and the context are old, new or similar.
Méthode d’étude de la discrimination mnémonique. Les sujets étudient des images dans lesquelles un objet de la vie quotidienne est placé sur un fond (le contexte). Pendant la phase de reconnaissance, trois types d’images sont présentées : des images identiques à celles qui ont été étudiées, des images totalement nouvelles et des images similaires, mais non identiques à celles qui ont été étudiées. Pour chaque image, le sujets doivent indiquer si l’objet et le contexte sont anciens, nouveaux ou similaires.
mnemonic discrimination of object-in-context task
tâche de discrimination mnémonique d’un objet en contexte

Frank Arnould
2021-06-10
2023-09-04
DNMS
delayed non-matching to sample paradigm
delayed non-matching to sample procedure
delayed nonmatch to sample task
non-match to sample paradigm
non-match to sample procedure
non-match to sample task
paradigm de non-appariement différé
procédure de non-appariement différé
A delayed recognition task in which at least two stimuli are presented. The subject is asked to choose the one that was not studied during the encoding phase.
Tâche de reconnaissance différée durant laquelle au moins deux stimuli sont présentés. Le sujet doit choisir celui qui n’a pas été étudié pendant la phase d’encodage.

delayed non-matching to sample task
tâche de non-appariement différé

Joykutty, Z. (2022, January 18). Mirror Effect in Recognition-Induced Forgetting. https://osf.io/46jky/
Joykutty, Z. (2022, January 18). Mirror Effect in Recognition-Induced Forgetting. https://osf.io/u7ev3/
Wu, X. (2021, March 5). Recognized Induced Forgetting with Sementic Closeness. https://osf.io/hyb5p/
Frank Arnould
Rugo, K. F., Tamler, K. N., Woodman, G. F., & Maxcey, A. M. (2017). Recognition-induced forgetting of faces in visual long-term memory. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 79(7), 1878–1885. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1419-1
2017-12-05
2022-04-25
Forme d’oubli induit par la récupération. Le fait de reconnaitre un objet peut induire l’oubli des autres objets appartenant à la même catégorie.
Type of retrieval-induced forgetting. Recognizing an object can lead to the forgetting of other objects belonging to the same category.
oubli induit par la reconnaissance
recognition-induced forgetting

Frank Arnould
Brainerd, C. J., Reyna, V. F., Wright, R., & Mojardin, A. H. (2003). Recollection rejection: False-memory editing in children and adults. Psychological Review, 110(4), 762–784. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.110.4.762
Cadavid, S., Beato, M. S., Suarez, M., & Albuquerque, P. B. (2021). Feelings of contrast at test reduce false memory in the deese/roediger-mcdermott paradigm. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 3937. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.686390
Clark, S. E. (1992). Word frequency effects in associative and item recognition. Memory & Cognition, 20(3), 231–243. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03199660
Gallo, D. A. (2004). Using recall to reduce false recognition: Diagnostic and disqualifying monitoring. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(1), 120–128. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.1.120
Gallo, D. A., Bell, D. M., Beier, J. S., & Schacter, D. L. (2006). Two types of recollection-based monitoring in younger and older adults: Recall-to-reject and the distinctiveness heuristic. Memory, 14(6), 730–741. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210600648506
Moore, K. N., Lampinen, J. M., Bridges, A. J., & Gallo, D. A. (2020). Developmental trends in children’s use of different monitoring processes to avoid false memories. Cognitive Development, 55, 100911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2020.100911
Pierce, B. H., Waring, J. D., Schacter, D. L., & Budson, A. E. (2008). Effects of distinctive encoding on source-based false recognition: Further examination of recall-to-reject processes in aging and alzheimer disease. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, 21(3), 179–186. https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0b013e31817d74e7
Rotello, C. M., & Heit, E. (1999). Two-process models of recognition memory: Evidence for recall-to-reject? Journal of Memory and Language, 40(3), 432–453. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1998.2623
Rotello, C. M., Macmillan, N. A., & Van Tassel, G. (2000). Recall-to-reject in recognition: Evidence from ROC curves. Journal of Memory and Language, 43(1), 67–88. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1999.2701
2022-03-15
2023-09-04
disqualifying recall-to-reject
recollection rejection
rejet de la recollection
Memory monitoring process to avoid false memories in recognition tasks and "based on the recall of logically inconsistent information (which disqualifies the false event from having occurred)" (Gallo et al., 2006, p. 730).
Processus de surveillance de la mémoire permettant d’éviter les faux souvenirs et « basé sur le rappel d'informations logiquement incohérentes (ce qui disqualifie l'événement faux d'avoir eu lieu) » (Gallo et al., 2006, p. 730).
processus de rappel pour rejeter
recall-to-reject process

Davis, J. P., Bretfelean, D., Belanova, E., & Thompson, T. (2020, June 16). Super-recognition and long term memory. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/ZMCDH
De Haas, B. (2021, January 19). What’s a Super-Recognizer? https://osf.io/3vmtk/
Dunn, J. D. (2020, October 28). Supplemental materials for UNSW Face Test: A screening tool for super-recognizers. https://osf.io/e4tyg/
Frank Arnould
2021-08-09
Dunn, J. D., Summersby, S., Towler, A., Davis, J. P., & White, D. (2020). UNSW Face Test: A screening tool for super-recognizers. PLOS ONE, 15(11), e0241747. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241747 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Ramon, M., Bobak, A. K., & White, D. (2019). Super-recognizers: From the lab to the world and back again. British Journal of Psychology, 110(3), 461–479. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12368 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Ramon, M. (2021). Super-Recognizers –a novel diagnostic framework, 70 cases, and guidelines for future work. Neuropsychologia, 158, 107809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107809 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Russell, R., Duchaine, B., & Nakayama, K. (2009). Super-recognizers: People with extraordinary face recognition ability. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16, 252–257. https://doi.org/10.3758/PBR.16.2.252 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-04
super-recognition
super-reconnaisseur
A person with an exceptional ability to recognize faces.
Personne dotée d’une capacité exceptionnelle à reconnaitre des visages.

super-physionomiste
super-physionomistes
super-recognizers
super-reconnaisseurs
superphysionomistes
superreconnaisseur
superreconnaisseurs
super–recogniser
super–recognisers
super-recognizer
superphysionomiste

Frank Arnould
Richardson-Klavehn, A., & Bjork, R. A. (1988). Measures of memory. Annual review of psychology, 39(1), 475–543. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.39.020188.002355
2017-12-04
2022-03-31
On parle de mesure directe de la mémoire dès que la consigne du test exige que le sujet récupère un épisode spécifique de son passé localisé dans le temps et l'espace. Les tests directs de la mémoire sont les tâches de rappel et de reconnaissance et concernent la mémoire explicite.
Test of memory in which the subject is required to retrieve a specific episode from his/her past localized in time and space.
direct tests of memory
tests directs de la mémoire
direct test of memory
test direct de la mémoire

Frank Arnould
Brown, M. W., & Aggleton, J. P. (2001). Recognition memory: what are the roles of the perirhinal cortex and hippocampus? Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2(1), 51–61. https://doi.org/10.1038/35049064
Suzuki, W. A., & Naya, Y. (2014). The perirhinal cortex. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 37(1), 39-53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-014207
2017-12-04
2022-09-08
Brodmann area 35
aire 35 de Broadmann
aire 35 périrhinale
perirhinal area 35
Medial temporal lobe region involved in object recognition, familiarity judgments and associative memory.
Région du lobe temporal médian impliquée dans la reconnaissance des objets, les jugements de familiarité et la mémoire associative.

cortex périrhinal
perirhinal cortex

Logan, G. D., Cox, G. E., Annis, J., & Lindsey, D. R. B. (2021, September 11). episodic flanker effect. https://osf.io/fzhq6/
Frank Arnould
Eriksen, B. A., & Eriksen, C. W. (1974). Effects of noise letters upon the identiﬁcation of a target letter in a nonsearch task. Perception & Psychophysics, 16(1), 143–149. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03203267
Logan, G. D., Cox, G. E., Annis, J., & Lindsey, D. R. B. (2021). The episodic flanker effect: Memory retrieval as attention turned inward. Psychological Review, 128(3), 397–445. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000272
2021-09-28
2023-09-04
episodic flanker paradigm
paradigme du flanker épisodique
tâche du flanker épisodique
« La tâche de ﬂanker épisodique vise à saisir la capacité des personnes à focaliser leur attention sur un élément en mémoire qui est intégré dans une structure plus large, comme un mot dans une phrase ou un chiffre dans une liste mémorisée. » (Logan et al., 2021, p. 401).
“The episodic ﬂanker task is intended to capture people’s ability to focus attention on an item in memory that is embedded in a larger structure, like a word in a sentence or a digit in a memory list.” (Logan et al., 2021, p. 401).
La tâche est une adaptation de la tâche de flanker d’Eriksen (Eriksen & Ericksen, 1974).
The task is an adaptation of the Eriksen flanker task (Eriksen & Ericksen, 1974).
episodic flanker task
tâche du distracteur épisodique

Frank Arnould
Hege, A. C. G., & Dodson, C. S. (2004). Why distinctive information reduces false memories: Evidence for both impoverished relational-encoding and distinctiveness heuristic accounts. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(4), 787–795. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.4.787
Schacter, D. L. (2021). The seven sins of memory : How the mind forgets and remembers (2nd ed.). Houghton Miﬄin. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2023-03-19
"a rule of thumb that leads people to demand recollections of distinctive details of an experience before they are willing to say that they remember it." (Schacter, 2021).
Règle selon laquelle les sujets s’attendent à récupérer des informations détaillées et distinctives d’une expérience passée avant de déclarer qu’ils s’en souviennent (d'après Schacter, 2021).
distinctiveness heuristic
heuristique de distinctivité

Frank Arnould
Anderson, B. A., Jacoby, L. L., Thomas, R. C., & Balota, D. A. (2011). The effects of age and divided attention on spontaneous recognition. Memory & Cognition, 39(4), 725–735. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-010-0046-z
Bergström, Z. M., Williams, D. G., Bhula, M., & Sharma, D. (2016). Unintentional and intentional recognition rely on dissociable neurocognitive mechanisms. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 28(11), 1838–1848. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01010
2021-06-24
2023-09-04
Paradigm derived from the Stroop test “[…] to determine how the oldness of to-be-ignored items influenced recognition of target items.“ (Anderson et al., 2011, p. 732).
Paradigme dérivé du test de Stroop pour « […] déterminer comment l’ancienneté des items à ignorer influence la reconnaissance des items cibles. » (Anderson et al., 2011, p. 732).
La tâche de Stroop mnésique repose sur le principe suivant. Les participants étudient tout d'abord des séries d'images et de mots. Durant la phase de reconnaissance, des mots surimposés à des images leur sont présentés selon quatre combinaisons différentes : mots anciens (étudiés) sur des images anciennes ; mots anciens sur de nouvelles images (non étudiées) ; mots nouveaux sur des images anciennes ; mots nouveaux sur de nouvelles images. Leur tâche consiste à indiquer quels stimuli cibles (mots ou images) sont anciens.
The Memory Stroop task is based on the following principle. Participants first study a series of images and words. During the recognition phase, they are presented with words superimposed on images in four combinations: old (studied) words on old images; old words on new (unstudied) images; new words on old images; new words on new images. Their task is to indicate which target stimuli (words or pictures) are old.
memory Stroop paradigm
paradigme de Stroop mnésique

Frank Arnould
Tulving, E. (1995). Organization of memory: Quo vadis? In M. S. Gazzaniga (Ed.), The Cognitive Neurosciences (p. 753-847). MIT Press.
2017-12-04
2022-03-07
Le modèle SPI (pour Sériel, Parallèle, Indépendant) de Tulving (1995) repose sur l'idée que la mémoire est composée de plusieurs systèmes organisés de façon hiérarchique. De plus, le modèle précise les relations fonctionnelles entre ces systèmes. 1. L'encodage est supposé être de nature sérielle, le codage dans un système est donc dépendant du codage réussi dans le système qui le précède (par exemple, le codage en mémoire épisodique dépend d'abord du codage en mémoire sémantique) ; 2. Les informations sont stockées de façon parallèle dans les différents systèmes ; 3. La récupération des informations dans un système est indépendante de la récupération dans les autres systèmes.
The SPI model (for Serial, Parallel, Independent) is based on the idea that memory is composed of several hierarchically organized systems (Tulving, 1995). In addition, the model clarifies the functional relationships between these systems. 1. The encoding is assumed to be serial, coding in a system is dependent on the successful coding in the previous system; 2. The information is stored in parallel in the different systems; 3. The information retrieval in a system is independent of the retrieval in the other systems.
SPI model
modèle SPI

Frank Arnould
Gilmore, A. W., Nelson, S. M., & McDermott, K. B. (2015). A parietal memory network revealed by multiple MRI methods. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 19(9), 534-543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2015.07.004
2017-12-04
2020-11-02
Parietal brain network comprising the precuneus, the mid-cingular cortex and the posterior inferior parietal lobule/dorsal angular cortex. This network deactivates when a new stimulus is encountered and activates when a familiar stimulus is encountered.
Réseau cérébral pariétal comprenant le précunéus, le cortex cingulaire moyen (mid-cingular cortex) et le lobule pariétal inférieur postérieur/gyrus angulaire dorsal. Ce réseau se désactiverait face à un stimulus nouveau et s'activerait face à un stimulus familier.
parietal memory network
réseau pariétal de la mémoire

Bennett-Levy, J., & Powell, G. E. (1980). The Subjective Memory Questionnaire (SMQ). An investigation into the self-reporting of ‘real-life’ memory skills. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19(2), 177–188. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1980.tb00946.x
Lucas, J. A., Telch, M. J., & Bigler, E. D. (1991). Memory functioning in panic disorder: A neuropsychological perspective. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 5(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/0887-6185(91)90013-J
2023-06-14
Frank Arnould
2023-06-14
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
SMQ
SMQ
SMQ-R
SMQ-R
Subjective Memory Questionnaire-Revised
Questionnaire d’auto-évaluation des aptitudes mnésiques dans la vie quotidienne pour adultes.
Self-report questionnaire for adults used to assess subjective memory skills in real-life situations.
Questionnaire de mémoire subjectif
Subjective Memory Questionnaire

Frank Arnould
Beaudoin, M., & Desrichard, O. (2011). Are memory self-efficacy and memory performance related? A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 137(2), 211–241. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022106.supp
Gopi, Y., & Madan, C. R. (in press). Subjective memory measures: Metamemory questionnaires currently in use. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17470218231183855. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218231183855
Hertzog, C., Hultsch, D. F., & Dixon, R. A. (1989). Evidence for the convergent validity of two self-report metamemory questionnaires. Developmental Psychology, 25(5), 687-700. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.25.5.687
2017-12-04
2023-06-12
auto-efficacité mnésique
efficacité personnelle mnésique
Perception subjective de l'efficacité de sa mémoire dans des situations variées.
Subjective perception of the efficacy of our own memory in various situations.
memory self-efficacies
sentiments d'efficacité mnésique
memory self-efficacy
sentiment d'efficacité mnésique

Frank Arnould
Kreutzer, M. A., Leonard, C., & Flavell, J. H. (1975). An interview study of children’s knowledge about memory. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 40 (Serial No. 159).
2017-12-04
2020-06-08
connaissances métamnésiques
metamemory knowledge
Connaissances verbalisables qu'une personne possède sur la mémoire en général et sur sa propre mémoire en particulier.
Knowledge people can verbalize about memory in general and about their own memory in particular.
declarative metamemory
métamémoire déclarative

Frank Arnould
Barbeau, E. J., Ronat, L., & Didic, M. (2020). Études de cas et neuropsychologie de la mémoire : Et maintenant, c’est fini ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 12(1), 19‑25. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0536
Eustache, F. (2014). Mémoire épisodique et mémoire sémantique: Du patient amnésique KC à la démence sémantique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 6(2), 87–89.
Rosenbaum, R. S., Köhler, S., Schacter, D. L., Moscovitch, M., Westmacott, R., Black, S. E., Gao, F., & Tulving, E. (2005). The case of K.C.: Contributions of a memory-impaired person to memory theory. Neuropsychologia, 43(7), 989–1021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.10.007
Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 26(1), 1‑12. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080017
Tulving, E., Schacter, D. L., McLachlan, D. R., & Moscovitch, M. (1988). Priming of semantic autobiographical knowledge: A case study of retrograde amnesia. Brain and Cognition, 8(1), 3–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-2626(88)90035-8
2021-08-23
2023-09-04
K.C. patient
N.N. case
N.N. patient
cas N.N.
patient K.C.
patient N.N.
A Canadian patient (Kent Cochrane — 1951-2014) who suffered from amnesia after a traumatic brain injury due to a traffic accident. He was investigated for over 20 years by memory researchers.
Patient canadien (Kent Cochrane — 1951-2014) qui a souffert d'amnésie après une lésion cérébrale traumatique à la suite d'un accident de la route. Il fait l'objet d’études pendant plus de 20 ans de chercheurs sur la mémoire.

KC case
KC patient
cas KC
patient KC
K.C. case
cas K.C.

Frank Arnould
Levine, B., Black, S. E., Cabeza, R., Sinden, M., Mcintosh, A. R., Toth, J. P., … Stuss, D. T. (1998). Episodic memory and the self in a case of isolated retrograde amnesia. Brain, 121(10), 1951–1973. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/121.10.1951
2018-07-02
2023-04-03
cerebral uncinate fasciculus
Faisceau de fibres nerveuses connectant le cortex préfrontal et le lobe temporal. Il serait impliqué dans la conscience autonoétique, la mémoire épisodique et autobiographique.
Neural pathway connecting the prefrontal cortex and the temporal lobe, involved in autonoetic consciousness, episodic and autobiographical memory.

faisceau unciné
uncinate fasciculus

Frank Arnould
Brainerd, C. J., Payne, D. G., Wright, R., & Reyna, V. F. (2003). Phantom recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 48(3), 445–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00501-6
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Recall task in which participants receive one of the following instructions: recalling the items that have been studied; recalling items that have not been studied, but consistent with the general meaning of the stored material; recalling the studied items and items that share the same general meaning.
Épreuve de rappel au cours de laquelle les participants reçoivent l’une des instructions suivantes : rappeler les items qui ont été étudiés ; rappeler des items qui n’ont pas été étudiés, mais cohérents avec le sens général du matériel mémorisé ; rappeler les items étudiés et des items qui partagent le même sens général. Paradigme utilisé pour analyser les faux souvenirs, comme ceux produits dans la tâche DRM.
conjoint recall paradigm
paradigme de rappel conjoint

Frank Arnould
Kim, H. (2010). Dissociating the roles of the default-mode, dorsal, and ventral networks in episodic memory retrieval. NeuroImage, 50(4), 1648-1657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.051
Rugg, M. D., & Vilberg, K. L. (2013). Brain networks underlying episodic memory retrieval. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 23(2), 255-260. https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2012.11.005
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
general recollection network
réseau général de la recollection
A network of brain structures activated when the subject is able to recover recollective information associated with an episodic memory. This network includes the hippocampus, the left posterior parietal cortex, the medial prefrontal cortex, the parahippocampal cortex and the retrosplenial/posterior cingulate cortex.
Réseau de structures cérébrales activé quand le sujet est capable de récupérer des informations recollectives associées à un souvenir épisodique. Ce réseau comprend l'hippocampe, le cortex pariétal gauche postérieur, le cortex préfrontal médian, le cortex parahippocampique et le cortex cingulaire rétrosplénial et postérieur.
core recollection network
réseau cœur de la recollection

Frank Arnould
Schooler, L. J., & Hertwig, R. (2005). How forgetting aids heuristic inference. Psychological Review, 112(3), 610‑628. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.112.3.610
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Dans un test de reconnaissance, heuristique utilisée par les sujets basée sur la facilité et la rapidité avec laquelle des informations leur viennent à l'esprit et sont traitées pour évaluer leur familiarité. Ainsi, les items dont le traitement est jugé plus fluide ont plus de chance d'être déclarés « anciens » (familiers).
In a recognition task, heuristics used by subjects based on the ease and speed with which information comes to mind and is processed to assess their familiarity. Items whose processing is judged to be more fluent are more likely to be declared as "old" (familiar).

fluency heuristic
heuristique de fluence

Baillargeon, J., & Neault, S. (1989). Les modifications de la métamémoire reliées au vieillissement: Nouvelle évidence auprès d’un échantillon francophone. Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement, 8(4), 343–354. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980800008552
Boucheron, C. (1995). Version française du MIA (Metamemory in Adulthood). European Review of Applied Psychology / Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 45(3), 163–170.
Dixon, R. A., Hultsch, D. F., & Hertzog, C. (1988). The Metamemory in Adulthood (MIA) questionnaire. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 24, 671–688.
McDonough, I. M., McDougall, G. J., LaRocca, M., Dalmida, S. G., & Arheart, K. L. (2020). Refining the Metamemory in Adulthood Questionnaire: A 20-item version of change and capacity designed for research and clinical settings. Aging & Mental Health, 24(7), 1054–1063. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2019.1594160
2022-07-25
Frank Arnould
2023-06-11
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
MIA
MIA
A metamemory questionnaire for adults to assess their knowledge about memory in general and their own memory in particular: knowledge and use of memory strategies, knowledge of basic memory processes, beliefs about one's own memory abilities, perception of changes in one's memory abilities, relationships between anxiety and memory, motivations to succeed in memory tasks, and sense of control over one's memory skills.
Questionnaire de métamémoire destiné aux adultes permettant d’évaluer leurs connaissances sur la mémoire en général et sur leur propre mémoire en particulier : connaissances et utilisations de stratégies mnésiques, connaissances des processus mnésiques fondamentaux, croyances sur ses propres capacités mnésiques, perception de changements dans ses capacités mnésiques, des relations entre anxiété et mémoire, de ses motivations à réussir des tâches mnésiques et du sens de contrôle sur ses habiletés mnésiques.
Metamemory in Adulthood
Metamemory in Adulthood
Metamemory in Adulthood Questionnaire
Questionnaire de métamémoire chez l’adulte

Bobak, A. K., Mileva, V. R., & Hancock, P. J. B. (2018). Stirling Face Recognition Scale Dataset 2018 [Data set]. University of Stirling. Faculty of Natural Sciences. https://datastorre.stir.ac.uk/handle/11667/106
Bobak, A. K., Mileva, V. R., & Hancock, P. J. (2019). Facing the facts: Naive participants have only moderate insight into their face recognition and face perception abilities. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72(4), 872–881. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021818776145
2022-07-25
Frank Arnould
2023-05-31
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
SFRS
SFRS
A scale in which respondents rate their ability to recognize faces. The questionnaire is intended for people with developmental prosopagnosia to super-recognizers.
Échelle dans laquelle les répondants évaluent leur aptitude à reconnaître des visages. Le questionnaire est destiné aux personnes présentant une prosopagnosie développementale jusqu’aux superphysionomistes.
Stirling Face Recognition Scale
Échelle de reconnaissance des visages de Stirling

Frank Arnould
Humphreys, M. S., Bain, J. D., & Pike, R. (1989). Different ways to cue a coherent memory system: A theory for episodic, semantic, and procedural tasks. Psychological Review, 96(2), 208-233. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.96.2.208
2021-07-12
2023-09-04
« un modèle associatif distribué, [...] dans lequel les souvenirs sont encodés et stockés comme des patrons d'interconnexions entre les éléments qui définissent les items en mémoire. Plus précisément, les souvenirs sont des associations qui sont définies de manière unique par le produit matriciel des vecteurs d'items. La spécificité épisodique d'un souvenir est représentée par son association avec un indice contextuel, également défini par un produit matriciel. Tous les souvenirs sont superposés (sommés) dans cette représentation de sorte que, sans un indice approprié, leur identité individuelle est perdue. » (Humphreys et al. 1989, p. 209).
“a distributed associative model, [...] in which memories are encoded and stored as patterns of interconnections between the elements that define items in memory. More specifically, memories are associations that are uniquely defined by the matrix product of the item vectors. The episodic specificity of a memory is conveyed by its association with a context cue, also defined by a matrix product. All memories are superimposed (summated) in this representation so that, without appropriate cuing, their individual identities are lost“ (Humphreys et al. 1989, p. 209).
Matrix model
modèle Matrix

Frank Arnould
Jones, M. N., & Mewhort, D. J. K. (2007). Representing word meaning and order information in a composite holographic lexicon. Psychological Review, 114(1), 1‑37. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.114.1.1
2020-10-26
2023-09-04
Bound Encoding of the Aggregate Language Environment model
"[...] computational model that builds a semantic space representation of meaning and word order directly from statistical redundancies in language." (Jones & Mewhort, 2007, p. 5).
« […] modèle computationnel qui construit, dans un espace sémantique, une représentation du sens et de l'ordre des mots, directement à partir des redondances statistiques du langage. » (Jones & Mewhort, 2007, p. 5).
BEAGLE model
modèle BEAGLE

Frank Arnould
Steyvers, M., & Tenenbaum, J. B. (2005). The large-scale structure of semantic networks: Statistical analyses and a model of semantic growth. Cognitive science, 29(1), 41–78. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog2901_3
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
A model of semantic memory in which concepts are organized in networks with the characteristics of a small world: first, there are clusters in which concepts are densely connected by semantic relations, and second, two concepts belonging to distant clusters can be connected by a short path of semantic relations, with some concepts in clusters playing the role of hubs.
Modèle de la mémoire sémantique selon lequel les concepts sont organisés en réseaux ayant les caractéristiques d'un petit monde : d’une part, il existe des agrégats (clusters) dans lesquels les concepts sont densément interconnectés et d’autre part, deux concepts appartenant à des agrégats distants peuvent être connectés en parcourant un court chemin de relations sémantiques, grâce à certains concepts dans les agrégats qui jouent un rôle de concentrateurs (hubs).

réseaux du petit monde
small world network
small world networks
small-world networks
réseau du petit monde
small-world network

Frank Arnould
Raoux, N., Goff, M. L., & Auriacombe, S. (2010). Fluences verbales sémantiques et littérales: Normes en population générale chez des sujets âgés de 70 ans et plus issus de la cohorte PAQUID. revue neurologique, 166(6–7), 594–605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2010.01.012
Schmidt, C. S. M., Schumacher, L. V., Römer, P., Leonhart, R., Beume, L., Martin, M., Dressing, A., Weiller, C., & Kaller, C. P. (2017). Are semantic and phonological fluency based on the same or distinct sets of cognitive processes? Insights from factor analyses in healthy adults and stroke patients. Neuropsychologia, 99, 148–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.02.019
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
categorical verbal fluency task
categorical verbal fluency test
category fluency task
category fluency test
paradigme de fluence sémantique
semantic fluency paradigm
semantic fluency task
tâche de fluence sémantique
Le sujet est invité à générer, en un temps donné, le plus grand nombre de mots appartenant à une catégorie sémantique (par exemple, la catégorie des animaux).
The subject is asked to generate the maximum number of words belonging to a semantic category (for example, the category of animals) in a given time.
categorical verbal fluency tasks
categorical verbal fluency tests
category fluency testing
semantic verbal fluency tests
tests de fluence verbale sémantique
semantic verbal fluency test
test de fluence verbale sémantique

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
free association task
tâche d'association libre
Subjects are asked to generate the words that come to their minds in a given amount of time after the presentation of a cue word.
Évocation du plus grand nombre possible de mots associés à un mot indice en un temps donné.
free-association task
free-association tasks
tâches d'associations libres
tâches d'associations verbales
verbal association tasks
tâche d'association verbale
verbal association task

Frank Arnould
2020-06-29
2022-04-01
catégorisation sémantique
semantic categorization
Le sujet doit décider de l'appartenance ou non à des catégories sémantiques (par exemple, la catégorie des fruits) des items qui lui sont présentés.
The subject is asked to decide whether or not the items presented to him/her belong to semantic categories (for example, the category of fruits).
semantic categorisation
semantic categorisation tasks
tâches de catégorisations sémantique
semantic categorization task
tâche de catégorisation sémantique

Frank Arnould
Menahem, R. (1968). Le différenciateur sémantique. L’Année Psychologique, 68(2), 451-465. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1968.27628 http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/psy_0003-5033_1968_num_68_2_27628
Osgood, C. E. (1952). The nature and measurement of meaning. Psychological Bulletin, 49(3), 197-237. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0055737
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
échelle sémantique différentielle
Evaluation of the meaning of a concept using Likert scales with polar opposites (e.g. sad-happy, heavy-light, good-bad, difficult-easy).
Évaluation de la signification d'un concept à l'aide d'échelles de Lickert comportant des pôles antonymes (par exemple, triste-gai, lourd-léger, bon-mauvais, difficile-facile).

différenciateur sémantique
semantic differential

Frank Arnould
Chaigneau, S. E., Canessa, E., Lenci, A., & Devereux, B. (2020). Eliciting semantic properties : Methods and applications. Cognitive Processing, 21(4), 583‑586. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-020-00999-z
McRae, K., Cree, G. S., Seidenberg, M. S., & Mcnorgan, C. (2005). Semantic feature production norms for a large set of living and nonliving things. Behavior Research Methods, 37(4), 547‑559. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03192726
McRae, K., de Sa, V. R., & Seidenberg, M. S. (1997). On the nature and scope of featural representations of word meaning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 126(2), 99‑130. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-3445.126.2.99
2020-09-06
2023-09-04
feature listing task
feature production task
property elicitation task
property listing task
Task consisting of asking participants to generate the properties of a concept.
Tâche consistant à demander aux participants de générer les propriétés d’un concept.
property generation task
tâche de génération de propriétés

Frank Arnould
Kosslyn, S. M. (1975). Information representation in visual images. Cognitive Psychology, 7(3), 341–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(75)90015-8
Kosslyn, S.M. (1976). Can imagery be distinguished from other forms of internal representation? Evidence from studies of information retrieval times. Memory & Cognition, 4(3), 291–297. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03213178
2020-11-16
2023-09-04
feature verification task
The task of asking the subject to judge whether a property (e.g., "has wings") belongs to a concept.
Tâche consistant à demander au sujet de juger si une propriété (par exemple, « a des ailes ») appartient à un concept.
property verification task
tâche de vérification de propriétés

Frank Arnould
Taylor, K. I., Moss, H. E., & Tyler, L. K. (2007). The conceptual structure account: A cognitive model of semantic memory and its neural instantiation. In J. Hart & M. Kraut (Eds.), Neural basis of semantic memory (p. 265–301). Cambridge University Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
A theory and connectionist model of how concepts are represented in semantic memory and processed according to the interaction between two statistical properties of their semantic features: distinctiveness (the degree to which a feature is shared with other concepts or can distinguish one concept from another) and correlation (the degree to which features co-occur). According to this view, living things are thought to have a large number of common features that are highly correlated. Inanimate objects have few semantic features, but these are more distinctive.
Théorie et modèle connexionniste portant sur la manière dont les concepts sont représentés et traités en mémoire sémantique en fonction de l'interaction entre deux caractéristiques statistiques de leurs propriétés (ou traits) sémantiques : la distinctivité (degré avec lequel un trait est partagé avec d'autres concepts ou avec lequel il permet de distinguer un concept d'un autre) et la corrélation (degré de co-occurrence des traits). Selon ce point de vue, les êtres vivants (living things) disposeraient d’un grand nombre de traits partagés et fortement corrélés entre eux. Les objets inanimés posséderaient peu de traits sémantiques mais ceux-ci seraient plus distinctifs.
conceptual structure account
théorie des structures conceptuelles

Frank Arnould
Farah, M. J., & McClelland, J. L. (1991). A computational model of semantic memory impairment: modality specificity and emergent category specificity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 120(4), 339. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.120.4.339
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Theory postulating that concepts are organized in semantic memory according to their sensory or functional properties. The distinction between living things depends on their perceptual features while the distinction between nonliving things depends on their functional features.
Théorie selon laquelle les concepts sont organisés en mémoire sémantique selon leurs propriétés sensorielles ou fonctionnelles. Ainsi, la distinction entre les êtres vivants (par exemple, les animaux) dépendrait de leurs traits perceptifs, alors que la distinction entre les objets inanimés (par exemple, les outils) dépendrait de leurs traits fonctionnels.
sensory/functional theory
théorie sensorielle/fonctionnelle

Frank Arnould
Squire, L. R. (1992). Declarative and nondeclarative memory: Multiple brain systems supporting learning and memory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 4(3), 232–243. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1992.4.3.232
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
souvenir déclaratif
Long-term memory system that stores "know that" information that can be verbalized, conscientiously accessed, and easily modified.
Système de la mémoire à long terme conservant des informations du type « savoir que », verbalisables, accessibles à la conscience, facilement modifiables.

declarative memories
souvenirs déclaratifs
declarative memory
mémoire déclarative

Frank Arnould
Lieury, A. (1991). Mémoire et réussite scolaire. Dunod.
2017-12-04
2021-08-24
connaissances scolaires
school knowledge
Long-term memory of the specific vocabulary of school topics.
Mémoire à long terme du vocabulaire spécifique des disciplines scolaires.
encyclopedic memory
mémoire encyclopédique

Frank Arnould
Dóczi, B. (2020). An overview of conceptual models and theories of lexical representation in the mental lexicon. In S. Webb (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of vocabulary studies (pp. 46–65). Routledge.
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Ensemble des connaissances phonologiques, orthographiques, sémantiques, syntaxiques et morphologiques sur les mots que possède un sujet et stocké en mémoire sémantique.
Phonological, orthographic, semantic, syntactic and morphological knowledge of words stored in semantic memory.

lexique mental
mental lexicon

Frank Arnould
Kumar, A. A. (2021). Semantic memory : A review of methods, models, and current challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(1), 40‑80. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01792-x [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2017-12-04
2023-05-30
attribut
attribute
propriété sémantique
semantic property
seme
sème
Composant primitif de la signification d'un concept. Un concept est ainsi décrit par une liste de traits. Les traits sémantiques permettraient d'évaluer la similitude et la différence entre concepts.
Primitive component of a concept's meaning. A concept is described by a list of features. Semantic features allow the assessment of similarity and difference between concepts.

attributes
attributs
propriétés sémantiques
semantic features
semantic properties
semes
sèmes
traits sémantiques
semantic feature
trait sémantique

Conway, M. A. (1990). Associations between autobiographical memories and concepts. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16(5), 799‑812. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.16.5.799
Mace, J. H., & Hidalgo, A. M. (2022). Semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming affects involuntary autobiographical memory production after a long delay. Consciousness and Cognition, 104, 103385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2022.103385
Mace, J. H., & Kruchten, E. A. (2023). Semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming causes involuntary autobiographical memory production: The effects of single and multiple prime presentations. Memory & Cognition, 51(1), 115–128. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-022-01342-x
Mace, J. H., & Unlu, M. (2020). Semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming occurs across multiple sources: Implications for autobiographical remembering. Memory & Cognition, 48(6), 931–941. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01029-1
Mace, J. H., McQueen, M. L., Hayslett, K. E., Staley, B. J. A., & Welch, T. J. (2019). Semantic memories prime autobiographical memories: General implications and implications for everyday autobiographical remembering. Memory & Cognition, 47(2), 299–312. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0866-9
Mace, J. H., Ostermeier, K. L., & Zhu, J. (in press). Semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming is ubiquitous. Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-023-01430-6
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-07-27
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
A priming effect that occurs when the activation of a concept in semantic memory (e.g. the concept Garden) primes the voluntary or involuntary retrieval of associated autobiographical memories (personal memories related to Garden).
Effet d'amorçage se manifestant quand l'activation d'un concept en mémoire sémantique (par exemple, le concept Jardin) amorce la récupération volontaire ou involontaire de souvenirs autobiographiques associés (souvenirs personnels liés à Jardin).
effet d'amorçage mémoire sémantique vers mémoire autobiographique
semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming effect

Frank Arnould
Abbott, J. T., Austerweil, J. L., & Griffiths, T. L. (2015). Random walks on semantic networks can resemble optimal foraging. Psychological Review, 122(3), 558‑569. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038693
Hills, T. T., Jones, M. N., & Todd, P. M. (2012). Optimal foraging in semantic memory. Psychological Review, 119(2), 431-440. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027373
Hills, T. T., Todd, P. M., & Jones, M. N. (2015). Foraging in semantic fields : How we search through memory. Topics in Cognitive Science, 7(3), 513‑534. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12151
2017-12-04
2022-04-07
fourragement mnésique
Mode de recherche en mémoire sémantique « similaire à la recherche dans l'espace physique, impliquant un processus dynamique de médiation entre l'exploitation locale et l'exploration globale de groupements d'informations à la manière dont les animaux fourragent parmi les parcelles de nourriture dans leur environnement. » (Hills et al., 2012, p. 438).
Search in semantic memory "similar to search in physical space, involving a dynamic process of mediating between local exploitation and global exploration of clusters of information in much the same way that animals forage among patches of food in their environment." (Hills et al., 2012, p. 438).
fourrageage mnésique
memory foraging

Frank Arnould
Semenza, C., & Zettin, M. (1989). Evidence from aphasia for the role of proper names as pure referring expressions. Nature, 342(6250), 678-679. https://doi.org/10.1038/342678a0
2021-12-03
2023-09-04
L.S. patient
patient L.S.
Patient, connu dans la littérature sous les initiales L.S., atteint d'anomie des noms propres de personnes, mais aussi de villes et de pays.
Patient, known in the literature under the initials L.S., suffering from proper name anomia of persons and also of cities and countries.
LS case
LS patient
cas LS
patient LS
L.S. case
cas L.S.

Frank Arnould
Slotnick, S. D. (2017). Cognitive neuroscience of memory. Cambridge University Press.
2020-09-21
2023-09-04
DL-PFC
DLPFC
dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex

cortex préfrontal dorsolatéral
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Frank Arnould
Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261–288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
Hierarchical structure of autobiographical knowledge at different levels of specificity, from the most general to the most specific (life periods, general events, event-specific knowledge).
Structure hiérarchique des connaissances autobiographiques, à différents niveaux de spécificité, des plus générales aux plus spécifiques (périodes de vie, évènement généraux, connaissances spécifiques d’évènements).
autobiographical knowledge base
base de connaissances autobiographiques

Frank Arnould
Wertsch, J. V. (2008). Collective memory and narrative templates. Social Research, 75(1), 133–156.
2020-07-06
2022-01-11
En mémoire collective, « structures généralisées utilisées pour générer plusieurs récits spécifiques avec la même trame de base » (Wertsch, 2008, p. 140).
In collective memory, "generalized structures used to generate multiple specific narratives with the same basic plot" (Wertsch, 2008, p. 140).
schematic narrative templates
structures narratives schématiques
schematic narrative template
structure narrative schématique

Frank Arnould
Andreasen, N. C., O’Leary, D. S., Paradiso, S., Cizadlo, T., Arndt, S., Watkins, G. L., Boles Ponto, L. L., & Hichwa, R. D. (1999). The cerebellum plays a role in conscious episodic memory retrieval. Human Brain Mapping, 8(4), 226–234. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)8:4<226::AID-HBM6>3.0.CO;2-4
Houdé, O., Mazoyer, B., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2010). Cerveau et psychologie (1ʳᵉ éd.). Presses Universitaires de France.
Vecchi, T., & Gatti, D. (2020). Memory as prediction : From looking back to looking forward. The MIT Press.
2020-06-23
2023-04-30
"The cerebellum is an organ located in the posterior and inferior part of the encephalon, at the back of the brainstem through which it is connected to the brain." (Houdé et al., 2002, p. 137).
« Le cervelet est un organe situé à la partie postérieure et inférieure de l’encéphale, à l’arrière du tronc cérébral par lequel il est relié au cerveau. » (Houdé et al., 2002, p. 137).

cerebellum
cervelet

Frank Arnould
Marr, D., & Brindley, G. S. (1971). Simple memory: A theory for archicortex. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences, 262(841), 23–81. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1971.0078
McClelland, J. L., McNaughton, B. L., & O’Reilly, R. C. (1995). Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: Insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. Psychological Review, 102(3), 419–457. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.102.3.419
Squire, L. R., & Alvarez, P. (1995). Retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation: A neurobiological perspective. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 5(2), 169–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-4388(95)80023-9
2020-11-05
2023-09-04
modèle standard de la consolidation
standard model of consolidation
Model of systems consolidation. The function of the hippocampus is to bind the different aspects of a recent memory stored in different sites of the neocortex. Over time, the role of the hippocampus diminishes and the connections are stabilized in the neocortex. This model considers episodic memory and semantic memory in a similar way.
Selon ce modèle, l’hippocampe a pour fonction de lier les différents aspects d’un souvenir récent qui sont stockés dans différents sites du néocortex. Avec le temps, le rôle de l’hippocampe s’estompe et les liaisons sont stabilisées dans le néocortex. Ce modèle considère de manière similaire la mémoire épisodique et la mémoire sémantique.
standard theory of consolidation
théorie standard de la consolidation

Frank Arnould
Quiroga, R. Q. (2012). Concept cells : The building blocks of declarative memory functions. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 13(8), 587‑597. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3251
Quiroga, R. Q. (2020). No pattern separation in the human hippocampus. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 24(12), 994-1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2020.09.012
Quiroga, R. Q., Reddy, L., Kreiman, G., Koch, C., & Fried, I. (2005). Invariant visual representation by single neurons in the human brain. Nature, 435(7045), 1102‑1107. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03687
2020-11-10
2023-09-04
Jennifer Aniston neuron
grandmother cell
neurone de Jennifer Aniston
neurone grand-mère
"neurons in the human MTL [medial temporal lobe] that respond to specific concepts, such as a familiar person." (Quian Quiroga, 2020, p. 995).
« neurones du lobe temporal médian humain qui répondent à des concepts spécifiques, comme une personne familière. » (Quian Quiroga, 2020, p. 995).

Jennifer Aniston neurons
cellules de concept
concept cells
grandmother cells
neurones de Jennifer Aniston
neurones grand-mère
cellule de concept
concept cell

Frank Arnould
Cermak, L. S., & O’Connor, M. (1983). The anterograde and retrograde retrieval ability of a patient with amnesia due to encephalitis. Neuropsychologia, 21(3), 213–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(83)90039-8
Grilli, M. D., & Verfaellie, M. (2014). Personal semantic memory: Insights from neuropsychological research on amnesia. Neuropsychologia, 61, 56–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.06.012
Grilli, M. D., Bercel, J. J., Wank, A. A., & Rapcsak, S. Z. (2018). The contribution of the left anterior ventrolateral temporal lobe to the retrieval of personal semantics. Neuropsychologia, 117, 178‑187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.06.002
Kopelman, M. D., Wilson, B. A., & Baddeley, A. D. (1989). The autobiographical memory interview: A new assessment of autobiographical and personal semantic memory in amnesic patients. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 11(5), 724–744. https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638908400928
Renoult, L., Armson, M. J., Diamond, N. B., Fan, C. L., Jeyakumar, N., Levesque, L., Oliva, L., McKinnon, M., Papadopoulos, A., Selarka, D., St Jacques, P. L., & Levine, B. (2020). Classification of general and personal semantic details in the Autobiographical Interview. Neuropsychologia, 144, 107501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107501
Renoult, L., Davidson, P. S. R., Palombo, D. J., Moscovitch, M., & Levine, B. (2012). Personal semantics : At the crossroads of semantic and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16(11), 550–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2012.09.003
Renoult, L., Tanguay, A., Beaudry, M., Tavakoli, P., Rabipour, S., Campbell, K., Moscovitch, M., Levine, B., & Davidson, P. S. R. (2016). Personal semantics : Is it distinct from episodic and semantic memory? An electrophysiological study of memory for autobiographical facts and repeated events in honor of Shlomo Bentin. Neuropsychologia, 83, 242‑256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.08.013
2017-12-04
2022-05-05
Louis Renoult
autobiographical fact
connaissances sémantiques de soi
fait autobiographique
mémoire sémantique personnelle
personal semantic memory
semantic self-knowledge
souvenir sémantique personnel
Connaissances que possède une personne sur son passé (personnalité, faits autobiographiques, connaissances d’évènements répétés, concepts autobiographiquement significatifs).
Knowledge that a person possesses about his or her past (personality, autobiographical facts, knowledge of repeated events, autobiographically significant concepts).
autobiographical facts
faits autobiographiques
personal semantic memories
souvenirs sémantiques personnels
personal semantics
sémantique personnelle

Moscovitch, M., Cabeza, R., Winocur, G., & Nadel, L. (2016). Episodic memory and beyond: The hippocampus and neocortex in transformation. Annual Review of Psychology, 67, 105–134. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143733
Sekeres, M. J., Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. (2018). The hippocampus and related neocortical structures in memory transformation. Neuroscience Letters, 680, 39‑53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2018.05.006
Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. (2011). Memory transformation and systems consolidation. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 17(05), 766‑780. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617711000683
Winocur, G., Moscovitch, M., & Bontempi, B. (2010). Memory formation and long-term retention in humans and animals : Convergence towards a transformation account of hippocampal–neocortical interactions. Neuropsychologia, 48(8), 2339‑2356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.04.016
2021-01-20
2023-09-04
TTT
TTT
La théorie de la transformation des traces (TTT) « postule qu'avec l'âge et l'expérience, les souvenirs détaillés et épisodiques (spécifiques au contexte) sont transformés en variantes de l'original, qui perdent en détail et en spécificité contextuelle, mais conservent les traits essentiels et schématiques [...]. Durant le processus, ces souvenirs transformés en viennent à être représentés dans des réseaux néocorticaux distribués d'où ils peuvent être récupérés sans l'intervention de l'hippocampe. Comme la MTT [Multiple Trace Theory, NDT], la TTT soutient que les souvenirs détaillés épisodiques ou spécifiques au contexte dépendent toujours de l'hippocampe. » (Sekeres et al., 2018, p. 42).
Trace Transformation Theory (TTT) "postulates that, with age and experience, detailed, episodic (context-specific) memories are transformed into variants of the original, which lack detail and context specificity, but retain gist and schematic features [...]. In the process, these transformed memories come to be represented in distributed neocortical networks from where they can be recovered without the involvement of the hippocampus. Like MTT [Multiple Trace Theory], TTT maintains that detailed episodic or context-specific memories are always dependent on the hippocampus." (Sekeres et al., 2018, p. 42).
théorie de la transformation des traces
trace transformation theory

Frank Arnould
Renoult, L., Davidson, P. S. R., Palombo, D. J., Moscovitch, M., & Levine, B. (2012). Personal semantics : At the crossroads of semantic and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16(11), 550–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2012.09.003
Renoult, L., Davidson, P. S. R., Schmitz, E., Park, L., Campbell, K., Moscovitch, M., & Levine, B. (2015). Autobiographically significant concepts : More episodic than semantic in nature? An electrophysiological investigation of overlapping types of memory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 27(1), 57‑72. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00689
Westmacott, R., & Moscovitch, M. (2003). The contribution of autobiographical significance to semantic memory. Memory & Cognition, 31(5), 761‑774. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196114
2020-10-27
2023-09-04
"[...] semantic concepts that are associated with vivid episodic memories." (Renoult et al., 2012, p. 553).
« […] concepts sémantiques qui sont associés à des souvenirs épisodiques vivaces. » (Renoult et al., 2012, p. 553).
autobiographically significant concepts
concepts autobiographiquements significatifs
autobiographically significant concept
concept autobiographiquement significatif

Frank Arnould
Alter, A. L., & Oppenheimer, D. M. (2009). Uniting the tribes of fluency to form a metacognitive nation. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 13(3), 219–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868309341564
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
fluence sémantique
semantic fluency
Judgment of the ease with which the conceptual processing of items is performed.
Jugement de la facilité avec laquelle s'effectue le traitement conceptuel d'items.
conceptual fluency
fluence conceptuelle

Frank Arnould
Haarmann, H. J., Davelaar, E. J., & Usher, M. (2003). Individual differences in semantic short-term memory capacity and reading comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language, 48(2), 320-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00506-5
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Method developed by Haarmann et al. (2003) to assess the capacity of semantic short-term memory. The subject is presented with lists of nine words belonging to three different semantic categories. For each list, the subject is asked to remember the words belonging to one of the categories. For example, if the list is made up of the words lamp, pear, tiger, apple, grape, elephant, horse, fax, telephone, he/she is asked to recall the words of the FRUIT category. Several trials are performed and the conceptual span is the number of words recalled across all trials.
Méthode mise au point par Haarmann et al. (2003) pour évaluer la capacité de la mémoire à court terme sémantique. On présente au sujet des listes de neuf mots appartenant à trois catégories sémantiques différentes. Pour chaque liste, le sujet doit rappeler les mots appartenant à l'une des catégories. Par exemple, si la liste est constituée des mots lampe, poire, tigre, pomme, raisin, éléphant, cheval, fax, téléphone, on demande au sujet de rappeler les mots de la catégorie FRUITS. Plusieurs essais sont effectués et l'empan conceptuel correspond au nombre de mots rappelés sur l'ensemble des essais.
conceptual span task
tâche d'empan conceptuel

Frank Arnould
Potter, M. C. (1976). Short-term conceptual memory for pictures. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Learning and Memory, 2(5), 509–522. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.2.5.509
Potter, M. C. (1993). Very short-term conceptual memory. Memory & Cognition, 21(2), 156–161. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202727
Shevlin, H. (2017). Conceptual short-term memory: A missing part of the mind? Journal of Consciousness Studies, 24(7–8), 163–188.
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
mémoire conceptuelle à très court terme
mémoire sémantique à court terme
short-term semantic memory
very short-term conceptual memory
Forme de mémoire à court terme stockant temporairement les stimuli en cours de traitement avec leurs représentations conceptuelles stockées en mémoire à long terme et activées très rapidement.
Short-term memory temporarily storing the stimuli being processed with their conceptual representations stored in long-term memory and activated very quickly.

conceptual short-term memory
mémoire conceptuelle à court terme

Frank Arnould
Collins, A. M., & Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review, 82(6), 407–428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.82.6.407
Denhière, G., & Kekenbosch, C. (1988). L’activation et la diffusion de l’activation. L’Année Psychologique, 88(2), 237-256. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1988.29268 http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/psy_0003-5033_1988_num_88_2_29268
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
diffusion de l'activation
Dans un réseau sémantique, processus par lequel est diffusée l'activation d'un concept aux concepts associés.
In a semantic network, a process that spread the activation of a concept to related concepts.

propagation de l'activation
spreading activation

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A., Vargha-Khadem, F., & Mishkin, M. (2001). Preserved recognition in a case of developmental amnesia: implications for the acquisition of semantic memory? Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 13(3), 357–369. https://doi.org/10.1162/08989290151137403
Isaacs, E. B., Vargha-Khadem, F., Watkins, K. E., Lucas, A., Mishkin, M., & Gadian, D. G. (2003). Developmental amnesia and its relationship to degree of hippocampal atrophy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100(22), 13060–13063. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1233825100
Picard, L. (2017). Vingt ans d’amnésie développementale : quoi de neuf ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 9(4), 229–235. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2017.0435
Piolino, P., Bulteau, C., & Jambaqué, I. (2020). Memory dysfunctions. In A. Gallagher, C. Bulteau, D. Cohen, & J. L. Michaud (Eds.), Handbook of Clinical Neurology (Vol. 174, p. 93‑110). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-64148-9.00008-9
Vargha-Khadem, F., & Cacucci, F. (2021). A brief history of developmental amnesia. Neuropsychologia, 150, 107689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107689
Vargha-Khadem, F., Gadian, D. G., Watkins, K. E., Connelly, A., Paesschen, W. V., & Mishkin, M. (1997). Differential effects of early hippocampal pathology on episodic and semantic memory. Science, 277(5324), 376–380. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.277.5324.376
Vargha-Khadem, F., Salmond, C. H., Watkins, K. E., Friston, K. J., Gadian, D. G., & Mishkin, M. (2003). Developmental amnesia: Effect of age at injury. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100(17), 10055–10060. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1233756100
2017-12-04
2022-03-08
syndrome amnésique de l’enfant
Amnesic syndrome occurring in children. Episodic memory is impaired while semantic memory is relatively preserved. Atrophy of the hippocampus is commonly seen in these patients, often secondary to brain hypoxia.
Syndrome amnésique apparaissant chez l’enfant. La mémoire épisodique est atteinte alors que la mémoire sémantique est relativement préservée. Une atrophie de l’hippocampe est couramment observée chez ces patients, souvent consécutive à une hypoxie du cerveau.
amnésies développementales
developmental amnesias
syndrome amnésique chez l'enfant
syndrome amnésique chez les enfants
syndromes amnésiques chez les enfants
syndromes amnésiques de l'enfant
amnésie développementale
developmental amnesia

Frank Arnould
Arts, N., Walvoort, S., & Kessels, R. (2017). Korsakoff’s syndrome: a critical review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Volume 13, 2875–2890. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S130078
Haj, M. E. (2021). Autobiographical memory in Korsakoff syndrome: A review. L’Encéphale, 47(4), 356-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2020.11.013
Korsakoff, S. (1889). Étude médico-psychologique sur une forme des maladies de la mémoire. Revue Philosophique de la France et de l’Étranger, 28, 501-530.
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
syndrome de Wernicke-Korsakoff
Korsakoff's syndrome (Korsakoff, 1889) is a type of amnestic syndrome with diencephalic lesions. In addition to anterograde and retrograde amnesia, with preservation of the earliest memories, patients with Korsakoff's syndrome also exhibit with confabulations, false recognition of persons, spatio-temporal disorientation, anosognosia of memory disorders, disorders of executive functions. The most common etiology of Korsakoff's syndrome is chronic alcoholism leading to vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency.
Le syndrome de Korsakoff (Korsakoff, 1889) est un type de syndrome amnésique lié à des lésions diencéphaliques. Outre une amnésie antérograde et une amnésie rétrograde avec conservation des souvenirs les plus anciens, les patients atteints du syndrome de Korsakoff présentent également des fabulations, de fausses reconnaissances de personnes, une désorientation spatio-temporelle, une anosognosie des troubles de la mémoire, des troubles des fonctions exécutives. L'étiologie la plus courante du syndrome de Korsakoff est l'alcoolisme chronique entrainant une carence en vitamine B1 (thiamine).

Korsakoff syndrome
syndrome de Korsakoff

Frank Arnould
Larner, A. J. (2022). Transient global amnesia: Model, mechanism, hypothesis. Cortex, 149, 137–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2022.01.011
Quinette, P., Noël, A., Desgranges, B., Sayette, V. de la, Viader, F., & Eustache, F. (2009). Les questions de l’ictus amnésique idiopathique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 1(2), 170–174. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.012.0170
Sandikci, V., Ebert, A., Hoyer, C., Platten, M., & Szabo, K. (2022). Impaired semantic memory during acute transient global amnesia. Journal of Neuropsychology, 16(1), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12251
Spiegel, D. R., Smith, J., Wade, R. R., Cherukuru, N., Ursani, A., Dobruskina, Y., Crist, T., Busch, R. F., Dhanani, R. M., & Dreyer, N. (2017). Transient global amnesia : Current perspectives. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Volume 13, 2691‑2703. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S130710
Viader, F., Quinette, P., & Cogez, J. (2021). Les amnésies transitoires. Bulletin de l’Académie Nationale de Médecine, 205(2), 139‑148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.banm.2020.12.019
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TGA
ictus amnésique
"a relatively stereotyped episode characterised by an abrupt and self-limited disruption in anterograde memory, with concurrent retrograde amnesia of variable extent, but without loss of self-awareness, or clouding of consciousness, or other focal neurological deficit." (Larner, 2022, p. 138).
« […] syndrome amnésique dont la sémiologie est remarquablement stéréotypée : il se caractérise par la survenue brutale, le plus souvent après la soixantaine, d’une amnésie antérograde massive et d’une amnésie rétrograde plus variable en étendue, sans trouble identitaire. Le tableau clinique associe une désorientation temporelle et presque systématiquement des questions itératives. Aucun autre trouble neurologique n’est détecté. L’amnésie est transitoire, et la résolution progressive de l’épisode a lieu, en moyenne, quatre à six heures plus tard. Il persiste une amnésie lacunaire portant sur toute la durée de l’épisode et sur la période qui l’a immédiatement précédée. » (Quinette et al., 2009, p. 171).

amnésies globales transitoires
ictus amnésiques
transient global amnesias
amnésie globale transitoire
transient global amnesia

Frank Arnould
Tippett, L. J., Miller, L. A., & Farah, M. J. (2000). Prosopamnesia: A selective impairment in face learning. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 17(1-3), 241-255. https://doi.org/10.1080/026432900380599
2017-12-04
2022-03-08
Difficulty to learn new faces after a brain injury.
Difficulté à apprendre de nouveaux visages depuis l'apparition de la lésion cérébrale.

prosopamnesias
prosopamnésies
prosopamnesia
prosopamnésie

Frank Arnould
Lepage, M., Habib, R., & Tulving, E. (1998). Hippocampal PET activations of memory encoding and retrieval : The HIPER model. Hippocampus, 8(4), 313‑322. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1063(1998)8:4%3C313::aid-hipo1%3E3.0.co;2-i
2020-10-27
2023-09-04
HIPER
HIPER
Hippocampal Encoding/Retrieval model
Model according to which "encoding activations are found predominantly in the rostral hippocampal regions whereas retrieval activations occur predominantly in caudal regions." (Lepage et al., 1998, p. 318).
Modèle selon lequel « les activations pendant l’encodage se trouvent principalement dans les régions hippocampiques rostrales alors que les activations pendant la récupération se produisent principalement dans les régions caudales. » (Lepage et al., 1998, p. 318).
HIPER model
modèle HIPER

Frank Arnould
Blanchet, S., Bernard, F., Desgranges, B., Eustache, F., Faure, S. (2002). Mémoire épisodique et asymétries hémisphériques. Revue de Neuropsychologie, 12, 319-344.
Tulving, E., Kapur, S., Craik, F. I., Moscovitch, M., & Houle, S. (1994). Hemispheric encoding/retrieval asymmetry in episodic memory : Positron emission tomography findings. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 91(6), 2016‑2020. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.6.2016
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2022-03-30
Le modèle HERA (Hemispheric Encoding/Retrieval Asymmetry) a été proposé par le psychologue Tulving et collaborateurs (1994) pour rendre compte des résultats suivants : en mémoire épisodique, le cortex préfrontal gauche est impliqué dans les opérations d'encodage alors que le cortex préfrontal droit est impliqué dans les opérations de récupération.
The HERA model (Hemispheric Encoding / Retrieval Asymmetry) was proposed by Tulving and collaborators (1994) to account for the following results: in episodic memory, the left prefrontal cortex is involved in encoding operations while the right prefrontal cortex is involved in retrieval operations.
HERA model
modèle HERA

Frank Arnould
Bartlett, F.C. (1920). Some experiments on the reproduction of folk stories, Folk-Lore, 31, 30-47. http://www.bartlett.psychol.cam.ac.uk/SomeExperimentsOn.htm
Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Kirkpatrick, C. (1932). A tentative study in experimental social psychology. American Journal of Sociology, 38(2), 194-206.
Ost, J., Udell, J., Dear, S., Zinken, J., Blank, H., & Costall, A. (2022). The serial reproduction of an urban myth: Revisiting Bartlett’s schema theory. Memory, 30(6), 775–783. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2059514
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
A method of studying memory in which participants are asked to transmit information from one to the other (the first person's recall of the information becomes the second person's study material and so on).
Méthode d'étude de la mémoire consistant à demander aux participants de se transmettre une information de l'un à l'autre (le rappel de l'information par la première personne devient le matériel d'étude de la seconde personne et ainsi de suite).
serial reproduction task
tâche de reproduction sérielle

Frank Arnould
Adam, S. (2003). Nouvelles techniques d'évaluation de la mémoire : procédure de dissociation des processus et paradigme R/K. In Meulemans, T., Desgranges, B., Adam, S., Eustache, F. (Eds.), Evaluation et prise en charge des troubles mnésiques. Solal.
Jacoby, L. L. (1991). A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 30(5), 513–541. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(91)90025-F
Nicolas, S. (2000a). La dissociation automatique vs. contrôlée en rappel : application de la PDP de Jacoby (1991, 1998). Revue de Neuropsychologie, 10(1), 97-128.
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
process dissociation
process-dissociation approach
A procedure developed by Jacoby and collaborators in order to highlight the role of unconscious (automatic) and conscious (controlled) processes in the same memory task.
Procédure mise au point par Jacoby et collaborateurs afin de mettre en évidence le rôle des processus inconscients (automatiques) et conscients (contrôlés) dans une même tâche de mémoire.
process-dissociation
process-dissociation procedure
process dissociation procedure
procédure de dissociation des processus

Frank Arnould
Genugten, R. van, & Schacter, D. L. (2022). [Preprint]. Automated scoring of the autobiographical interview with natural language processing. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nyurm
Levine, B., Svoboda, E., Hay, J. F., Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. (2002). Aging and autobiographical memory : Dissociating episodic from semantic retrieval. Psychology and Aging, 17(4), 677‑689. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.17.4.677
Lockrow, A. W., Setton, R., Spreng, K. A. P., Sheldon, S., Turner, G. R., & Spreng, R. N. (in press). Taking stock of the past: A psychometric evaluation of the Autobiographical Interview. Behavior Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-023-02080-x
Simpson, S., Eskandaripour, M., & Levine, B. (in press). Effects of healthy and neuropathological aging on autobiographical memory: A meta-analysis of studies using the Autobiographical Interview. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, gbad077. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbad077
2020-10-20
2023-09-04
interview autobiographique
Entretien pour évaluer les aspects épisodiques et sémantiques des souvenirs autobiographiques.
Interview to assess episodic and semantic aspects of autobiographical memories.
Autobiographical Interview
entretien autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Jang, Y., & Huber, D. E. (2008). Context retrieval and context change in free recall : Recalling from long-term memory drives list isolation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 34(1), 112‑127. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.34.1.112
Laming, D. (2012). Recalling the list-before-last : A cautionary tale. Mathématiques et sciences humaines, 199, 61‑69. https://doi.org/10.4000/msh.12289
Shiffrin, R. M. (1970). Forgetting; Trace erosion or retrieval failure? Science, 168(3939), 1601–1603. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.168.3939.1601
2017-12-04
2022-05-18
list-before-last paradigm
paradigme de la liste précédente
Les sujets étudient des listes de 5 ou 20 mots. Après chaque liste (sauf pour la première liste), ils doivent rappeler les mots de la liste précédente (par exemple, après l'étude de la liste 3, rappel de la liste 2).
Subjects studied lists of 5 or 20 words. After each list (except for the first list), they are asked to remember the words of the previous list (for example, after studying list 3, recall of list 2).
list-before-the-last paradigm
one-list-back paradigm
paradigme de l'avant-dernière liste

Frank Arnould
Slotnick, S. D. (2017). Cognitive neuroscience of memory. Cambridge University Press.
2022-06-09
2023-09-04
MEG
MEG
magnetoencephalogram
magnétoencéphalogramme
"any measure of brain activity that corresponds to magnetic fields and typically refers to brain activity that oscillates within a specific frequency range." (Slotnick, 2017, p. 243).
« toute mesure de l'activité cérébrale qui correspond à des champs magnétiques et se réfère généralement à l'activité cérébrale oscillant dans une gamme de fréquences spécifique. » (Slotnick, 2017, p. 243).

magnéto-encéphalographie
magnetoencephalography
magnétoencéphalographie

Frank Arnould
Ebenholtz, S. M. (1963). Position mediated transfer between serial learning and a spatial discrimination task. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(6), 603–608. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040458
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Technique used to study serial learning and recall. The subjects learn the same list of items on several trials. The starting point of the list varies from trial to trial (e.g., ABCDEF, then CDEFAB).
Technique utilisée pour étudier l’apprentissage et le rappel sériels. Les sujets mémorisent une même liste d’items sur plusieurs essais. Le point de départ de la liste varie d’un essai à l’autre (par exemple, ABCDEF, puis CDEFAB).
liste en roue
spin list

Frank Arnould
Bartlett, F. C. (1928). An experiment upon repeated reproduction. The Journal of General Psychology, 1(1), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.1928.9923411 http://www.bartlett.psychol.cam.ac.uk/AnExpUponRepeRepro.htm
Bartlett, F.C. (1920). Some experiments on the reproduction of folk stories, Folk-Lore, 31, 30-47. http://www.bartlett.psychol.cam.ac.uk/SomeExperimentsOn.htm
Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
A method for studying the evolution of a memory over time. The subject first learns a material (for example, a text or an image) and then has to recall it at different retention intervals.
Méthode permettant d’étudier l’évolution d’un souvenir avec le temps. Le sujet mémorise tout d’abord un matériel (par exemple, un texte ou une image) puis doit le rappeler à différents intervalles de rétention.
repeated reproduction
reproduction répétée

Neath, I. (2022, April 18). Memory without retrieval: Testing the direct-access account of the missing item task doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/4DN3Z
Frank Arnould
Neath, I. (2022). Memory without retrieval: Testing the direct-access account of the missing item task. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale, 76(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000263
Yntema, D. B., & Trask, F. P. (1963). Recall as a search process. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 2(1), 65‑74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(63)80069-9
2021-08-12
2023-09-04
"In the missing item task (Yntema & Trask, 1963), two lists are presented on each trial, a study list and a test list. The items in both lists are presented one at a time. The test list contains all but one of the items from the study list and they are presented in a new random order. The task is to report which item from the study list is missing in the test list." (Neath, 2022, p. 1).
« Dans la tâche de l'item manquant (Yntema & Trask, 1963), deux listes sont présentées à chaque essai, une liste d'étude et une liste de test. Les éléments des deux listes sont présentés un par un. La liste de test contient tous les éléments de la liste d'étude, sauf un, et ils sont présentés dans un nouvel ordre aléatoire. La tâche consiste à signaler quel élément de la liste d'étude manque dans la liste de test. » (Neath, 2022, p. 1).
missing item task
tâche de l'item manquant

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
Recall task in which participants are forced to recall a series of studied items, even if they have to guess the answers.
Technique de rappel au cours de laquelle les participants sont contraints de rappeler un certain nombre d'items étudiés, quitte à deviner les réponses.
forced recall task
tâche de rappel forcé

Frank Arnould
Dalezman, J. J. (1976). Effects of output order on immediate, delayed, and final recall performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 2(5), 597–608. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.2.5.597
2017-12-04
2022-03-16
Procédure consistant à demander au sujet de rappeler d'abord les premiers items ou les derniers items d'une liste avant de rappeler les autres (Dalezman, 1976).
Subjects are asked to recall the first or last items in a list before recalling the other items.
directed free recall task
tâche de rappel libre dirigé

Frank Arnould
Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261–288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Conway's model
modèle de Conway
Model conceptualizing autobiographical memory as composed of an autobiographical knowledge base and a working-self.
Modèle conceptualisant la mémoire autobiographique comme étant composée d'une base de connaissances autobiographiques et d'un self de travail.
self-memory system
système de la mémoire du self

2023-03-20
Frank Arnould
2023-03-20
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
mémoire des items
souvenir de l'item
Aptitude à se souvenir d'un événement en lui-même.
The ability to remember an event in itself.
item memories
souvenirs des items
item memory
mémoire de l'item

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-03-29
mémoire absolue
mémoire photographique
photographic memory
rappel total
souvenir total
total memory
total recall
Sensation de posséder un souvenir vivace, d’une parfaite netteté et complet d'un évènement, habituellement de nature visuelle.
The feeling of having a vivid, clear and complete memory of an event, usually of a visual nature.
Le terme fut introduit en 1922 par Erich Jaensch.
The term was introduced in 1922 by Erich Jaensch.

eidetic memory
mémoire éidétique

Frank Arnould
Guan, L., & Wang, Q. (2022). Does sharing memories make us feel closer? The roles of memory type and culture. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 00220221211072809. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220221211072809
Pillemer, D. B., Steiner, K. L., Kuwabara, K. J., Thomsen, D. K., & Svob, C. (2015). Vicarious memories. Consciousness and Cognition, 36, 233–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2015.06.010
Sekhsaria, S., & Pronin, E. (2021). Underappreciated benefits of reading own and others’ memories. Social Cognition, 39(4), 504–525. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2021.39.4.504
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Recollection of an event experienced by another person.
Souvenir d’un évènement vécu par une autre personne.
souvenirs vicariants
vicarious memories
souvenir vicariant
vicarious memory

Frank Arnould
McBride, D. M., & Workman, R. A. (2017). Is prospective memory unique? A comparison of prospective and retrospective memory. In B. H. Ross (Éd.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 67, p. 213‑238). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.plm.2017.03.007
2017-12-04
2022-03-29
souvenir rétrospectif
Memory for past events.
Mémoire pour les événements passés.

retrospective memories
souvenirs rétrospectifs
mémoire rétrospective
retrospective memory

Frank Arnould
Earhart, B., Lakhani, N., & Roberts, K. P. (2021). Developmental trends in children’s source and destination memory. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 202, 104995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2020.104995
Gopie, N., & MacLeod, C. M. (2009). Destination memory: Stop me if I’ve told you this before. Psychological Science, 20(12), 1492-1499. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02472.x
Wilu, A. W., Allain, P., & Haj, M. E. (2018). T’ai-je déjà raconté cette histoire ? Troubles de la mémoire de la destination dans les pathologies neurologiques et psychiatriques. Revue de neuropsychologie, 10(2), 130–138. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2018.0458
2017-12-04
2021-08-10
mémoire de la destination
Remembering people to whom the subject has communicated information.
Souvenir des personnes à qui le sujet a communiqué une information.

destination memory
mémoire du destinataire

2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-27
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
récupération volontaire
voluntary retrieval
A memory retrieved in an intentional, deliberate and controlled manner.
Souvenir récupéré de manière intentionnelle, délibérée et contrôlée.
souvenirs volontaires
voluntary memories
souvenir volontaire
voluntary memory

Josselyn, S. A., & Tonegawa, S. (2020). Memory engrams : Recalling the past and imagining the future. Science, 367(6473). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw4325
Roy, D. S., Muralidhar, S., Smith, L. M., & Tonegawa, S. (2017). Silent memory engrams as the basis for retrograde amnesia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(46), E9972–E9979. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1714248114
Ryan, T. J., Roy, D. S., Pignatelli, M., Arons, A., & Tonegawa, S. (2015). Engram cells retain memory under retrograde amnesia. Science, 348(6238), 1007–1013. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa5542
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-22
Neurophysiologie
Neurophysiology
Animal
Animal
silent memory engram
An engram "that cannot be retrieved by natural retrieval cues but can be retrieved with direct optogenetic stimulation" (Josselyn & Tonegawa, 2020).
Engramme « qui ne peut pas être récupéré par des indices naturels de récupération, mais qui peut être récupéré par stimulation optogénétique directe » (Josselyn & Tonegawa, 2020).
engrammes silencieux
silent engrams
silent memory engrams
engramme silencieux
silent engram

Godoy, L., Alves, C., Ferreira, P., Sebastian, J., Martin-Saavedra, J., Studart-Neto, A., Nitrini, R., Leite, C., & Bisdas, S. (2021). Understanding brain resilience in superagers: A systematic review. Neuroradiology, 63, 663-683. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-020-02562-1
Santangelo, V., Macrì, S., & Campolongo, P. (2022). Superior memory as a new perspective to tackle memory loss. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104828
2023-03-14
Frank Arnould
2023-03-14
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
adulte âgé hautement performant
highly performing older adult
personne âgée hautement performante
successful ager
super-vieillissement
superaging
« Les super-vieillisseurs sont définis comme des personnes âgées de plus de 80 ans dont les performances en matière de mémoire épisodique sont similaires ou supérieures à celles des sujets d'âge moyen (50-65 ans). » (Godoy et al., 2021, p. 663).
“Superagers are broadly defined as individuals over 80 years old with episodic memory performance similar or superior to middle-aged subjects (50–65 years old).“ (Godoy et al., 2021, p. 663).
adultes âgés hautement performants
highly performing older adults
personnes âgées hautement performantes
successful agers
superagers
super-vieillisseur
superager

2023-05-30
Frank Arnould
Boon, R., Milne, R., Rosloot, E., & Heinsbroek, J. (2020). Demonstrating detail in investigative interviews—An examination of the DeMo technique. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(5), 1133–1142. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3700 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-05-30
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
DeMo
DeMo technique
technique DeMo
A method of eliciting eyewitness testimony in which the witness is first asked to describe an object unrelated to the case in order to help him or her understand the level of detail expected when recalling the facts as exhaustively as possible (Recall Everything instruction).
Méthode de recueil des témoignages oculaires consistant à demander au témoin de décrire tout d’abord un objet sans lien avec l’affaire afin de l’aider à comprendre le niveau de détails attendu lorsqu’il devra se rappeler les faits le plus exhaustivement possible (consigne de rappel exhaustif).
demonstration for more detail technique
technique de démonstration du rappel détaillé

Frank Arnould
Liu, K. Y., Gould, R. L., Coulson, M. C., Ward, E. V., & Howard, R. J. (2016). Tests of pattern separation and pattern completion in humans—A systematic review. Hippocampus, 26(6), 705–717. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22561
Rolls, E. T. (2013). The mechanisms for pattern completion and pattern separation in the hippocampus. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2013.00074.
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
deblurring
Processus de l’hippocampe permettant de récupérer un souvenir à partir d’un indice partiel ou dégradé.
The process in the hippocampus to retrieve a memory from a partial or degraded cue.
complètement de pattern
pattern completion

Frank Arnould
Rugg, M. D., & Wilding, E. L. (2000). Retrieval processing and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(3), 108-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01445-5
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
A retrieval process in episodic memory, defined by Rugg and Wilding (2000) as " the mobilization of processing resources in service of a retrieval attempt".
Processus de récupération de la mémoire épisodique que Rugg et Wilding (2000) définissent comme « la mobilisation de ressources de traitement déployée lors d'une tentative de récupération ».
efforts de récupération
effort de récupération
retrieval effort

Frank Arnould
Rugg, M. D., & Wilding, E. L. (2000). Retrieval processing and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(3), 108-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01445-5
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
A retrieval process in episodic memory defined by Rugg and Wilding (2000) as "processes that are associated with, or depend upon, ecphory" (p. 108).
Processus de récupération de la mémoire épisodique que Rugg et Wilding (2000) définissent comme « les processus qui sont associés ou qui dépendent de l'ecphorie » (p. 108).
retrieval success
succès de la récupération

Beltrán, D. (2022, March 24). Negation Induced Forgetting. https://osf.io/ktjfp
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Mayo, R., Schul, Y., & Rosenthal, M. (2014). If you negate, you may forget: Negated repetitions impair memory compared with affirmative repetitions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143(4), 1541-1552. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036122 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Zang, A., Beltrán, D., Wang, H., González, K. R., & de Vega, M. (2023). The negation-induced forgetting effect remains even after reducing associative interference. Cognition, 235, 105412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105412 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
2023-09-04
Answering questions by rightly denying incorrect facts about an item (for example, after seeing a blue carpet, answering "No" to the question "Was the carpet yellow? ") increases the risk of forgetting this item compared to answering yes to questions about exact facts about this item (answering "Yes" to the question "Was the carpet blue?").
Répondre à des questions en niant avec raison des faits erronés relatifs à un item (par exemple, après avoir vu un tapis bleu, répondre Non à la question « Est-ce que le tapis était jaune ? ») augmente le risque d’oublier ensuite cet item par rapport au fait de répondre affirmativement à des questions portant sur des faits exacts concernant cet item (répondre Oui à la question « Est-ce que le tapis était bleu ? »).
negation-induced forgetting
oubli induit par la négation

Frank Arnould
Hornberger, M., Morcom, A., & Rugg, M. (2004). Neural correlates of retrieval orientation: effects of study–test similarity. Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 16, 1196–1210. https://doi.org/10.1162/0898929041920450
Rugg, M. D., & Wilding, E. L. (2000). Retrieval processing and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(3), 108-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01445-5
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
A retrieval process in episodic memory defined by Rugg & Wilding (2000) as the "specific form of the processing that is applied to a retrieval cue" (p. 108).
Processus de récupération de la mémoire épisodique que Rugg et Wilding (2000) définissent comme « la forme spécifique du traitement qui est appliqué à un indice de récupération » (p. 108).
orientation de la récupération
retrieval orientation

Machizawa, M. G., Kalla, R., Walsh, V., & Otten, L. J. (2010). The time course of ventrolateral prefrontal cortex involvement in memory formation. Journal of Neurophysiology, 103(3), 1569‑1579. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.90937.2008
Samrani, G., Bäckman, L., & Persson, J. (2019). Interference control in working memory is associated with ventrolateral prefrontal cortex volume. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 31(10), 1491‑1505. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01430
Weintraub-Brevda, R. R., & Chua, E. F. (2019). The role of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex in emotional enhancement of memory : A TMS study. 17.
2020-09-21
2023-09-04
VLPFC

cortex préfrontal ventrolatéral
ventrolateral prefrontal cortex

Frank Arnould
Rugg, M. D., & Wilding, E. L. (2000). Retrieval processing and episodic memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(3), 108-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01445-5
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
A process in episodic memory retrieval that Rugg and Wilding (2000), following Tulving (1983), define as the appropriate cognitive state, maintained in a tonic fashion for retrieving episodic information.
Processus de récupération de la mémoire épisodique que Rugg et Wilding (2000) à la suite de Tulving (1983) définissent comme l'état cognitif approprié, maintenu de façon tonique, pour récupérer des informations épisodiques.
mode de récupération
retrieval mode

Frank Arnould
Hunt, R. R., & Elliot, J. M. (1980). The role of nonsemantic information in memory: Orthographic distinctiveness effects on retention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 109(1), 49–74. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.109.1.49
McDaniel, M. A., Cahill, M., Bugg, J. M., & Meadow, N. G. (2011). Dissociative effects of orthographic distinctiveness in pure and mixed lists : An item-order account. Memory & Cognition, 39(7), 1162. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-011-0097-9
2018-07-31
2023-04-03
Composition des listes : l'effet apparait dans des listes mixtes composées de mots avec des combinaisons de lettres atypiques et des mots avec des combinaisons de lettres plus habituelles, mais pas dans les listes pures (Hunt & Elliot, 1980 ; McDaniel et al., 2011).
List composition: the effect appears in mixed lists composed of words with atypical letter combinations and words with more usual letter combinations, but not in pure lists (Hunt & Elliot, 1980 ; McDaniel et al., 2011).
effet d'orthographie
effet de distinctivité orthographique ​
Better memory for words with a distinctive spelling compared to words with a common spelling.
Meilleure mémoire pour les mots dont l'orthographe est distinctive par rapport aux mots dont l'orthographe est commune.
effet d'orthographe ​
orthographic distinctiveness effect ​

Frank Arnould
Roediger, H. L., & Tekin, E. (2020). Recognition memory : Tulving’s contributions and some new findings. Neuropsychologia, 139, 107350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107350
2020-02-11
2023-03-22
Amnesia of recent events in people without brain damage.
Amnésie d’évènements récents chez des personnes sans lésions cérébrales.
amnésies quotidiennes
everyday amnesias
amnésie quotidienne
everyday amnesia

Frank Arnould
Nelson, A. J. D. (2021). The anterior thalamic nuclei and cognition: A role beyond space? Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 126, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.047
Shine, J. M., Lewis, L. D., Garrett, D. D., & Hwang, K. (in press). The impact of the human thalamus on brain-wide information processing. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-023-00701-0
Sweeney-Reed, C. M., Buentjen, L., Voges, J., Schmitt, F. C., Zaehle, T., Kam, J. W. Y., Kaufmann, J., Heinze, H.-J., Hinrichs, H., Knight, R. T., & Rugg, M. D. (2021). The role of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus in human memory processing. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 126, 146–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.046
2021-09-06
2023-09-04
A diencephalic structure, made up of several nuclei, involved in various aspects of memory, amongst other things.
Structure diencéphalique, composée de plusieurs noyaux, impliquée notamment dans différents aspects de la mémoire.

thalamic
thalamique
thalamus
thalamus

Frank Arnould
Berryhill, M. E. (2012). Insights from neuropsychology: pinpointing the role of the posterior parietal cortex in episodic and working memory. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2012.00031
Rolls, E. T., Deco, G., Huang, C.-C., & Feng, J. (in press). The human posterior parietal cortex: Effective connectome, and its relation to function. Cerebral Cortex, bhac266. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac266
Sestieri, C., Shulman, G. L., & Corbetta, M. (2017). The contribution of the human posterior parietal cortex to episodic memory. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 18(3), 183–192. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2017.6
2018-04-17
2022-07-15
Area in the parietal cortex involved in episodic memory retrieval and working memory.
​Région du cortex pariétal impliquée dans la récupération des souvenirs épisodiques et la mémoire de travail.

cortex pariétal postérieur
posterior parietal cortex

Frank Arnould
Schultz, H., Sommer, T., & Peters, J. (2015). The role of the human entorhinal cortex in a representational account of memory. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00628
2018-10-08
2022-03-30
aire 28 de Broadmann
aire corticale olfactive secondaire
aire entorhinale
area 28 of Brodmann
cortex olfactif secondaire
entorhinal area
secondary olfactory cortex
secondary olfactory cortical area
Region of the medial temporal lobe at the interface between the neocortex and the hippocampus, playing an important role in different aspects of memory functioning (spatial memory, temporal memory, episodic memory, consolidation, etc.).​
Région du lobe temporal médian à l'interface entre le néocortex et l'hippocampe. Il joue un rôle important dans différents aspects du fonctionnement de la mémoire (mémoire spatiale, mémoire temporelle, mémoire épisodique, consolidation...).

cortex entorhinal
entorhinal cortex

Frank Arnould
Gros, A., Veyrac, A., & Laroche, S. (2015). Cerveau et mémoire: Des nouveaux neurones pour se souvenir. Biologie Aujourd’hui, 209(3), 229–248. https://doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2015028
Llinas, R. (2008). Neuron. Scholarpedia, 3(8), 1490. https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.1490
2020-11-02
2023-09-04
cellule nerveuse
nerve cell
"Neurons are the principal cellular elements that underlie the function of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral sensory systems and enteric (gut) nervous system." (Llinas, 2008).
« Les neurones sont les principaux éléments cellulaires qui sous-tendent le fonctionnement du système nerveux, notamment le cerveau, la moelle épinière, les systèmes sensoriels périphériques et le système nerveux entérique (intestin). » (Llinas, 2008).

cellules nerveuses
nerve cells
neurones
neurons
neuron
neurone

2023-03-06
2023-09-04
individu
individual
individuals
individus
personnes
persons
person
personne

Frank Arnould
Conway, A. R. A., Kane, M. J., Bunting, M. F., Hambrick, D. Z., Wilhelm, O., & Engle, R. W. (2005). Working memory span tasks: A methodological review and user’s guide. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 12(5), 769–786. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196772
2017-12-04
2023-03-29
complex WM span task
complex span
complex working memory span task
empan complexe
processing-and-storage task
tâche d'empan complexe de mémoire de travail
A term used to refer to working memory span tasks, combining the temporary maintenance of information with a processing task.
Terme utilisé pour désigner les tâches d'empan en mémoire de travail, combinant la rétention temporaire et la manipulation d'informations.
complex span tasks
tâches d'empan complexe
complex span task
tâche d'empan complexe

Frank Arnould
Shah, P., & Miyake, A. (1996). The separability of working memory resources for spatial thinking and language processing: an individual differences approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 125(1), 4–27. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.125.1.4
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Complex span task. Participants see increasing series of uppercase letters in different orientations. Their task is to indicate whether the orientation of each letter is normal or mirrored. At the end of a series, participants are asked to recall the orientation of the letters.
Tâche d'empan complexe. Les participants voient des séries croissantes de lettres capitales sous différentes orientations. Leur tâche consiste à indiquer si l'orientation de chaque lettre est normale ou en miroir. A la fin d'une série, les sujets doivent se souvenir de l'orientation des lettres.
rotation letter task
tâche de rotation de lettres

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-29
tâche d'empan de chiffres à rebours
A span task in which the subjects are required to remember increasing sets of digits in the reverse order of presentation.
Épreuve d’empan dans laquelle le sujet doit rappeler des séries croissantes de chiffres dans l’ordre inverse de présentation des items.
Cette tâche peut être considérée comme une tâche d’empan complexe puisqu’elle combine une activité de stockage temporaire et une activité de traitement (réordonner les chiffres).
This task can be viewed as a complex span task since it combines a temporary storage activity and a processing activity (reordering the digits).
backward digit span task
tâche d'empan de chiffres inversé

Frank Arnould
Craik, F. I. M. (1986). A functional account of age differences in memory. In F. Klix & H. Hagendorf (Eds.), Human memory and cognitive capabilities (pp. 409-422). Elsevier.
Craik, F. I. M., Bialystok, E., Gillingham, S., & Stuss, D. T. (2018). Alpha span: A measure of working memory. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale, 72(3), 141–152. https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000143
2017-12-04
2022-02-23
Span task during which subjects are required to recall series of words in alphabetical order (and not by the presentation order).
Tâche d'empan au cours de laquelle le sujet est invité à rappeler des séries de mots par ordre alphabétique (et non par ordre de présentation).
alpha span task
tâche d'empan alpha

Frank Arnould
Daneman, M., & Carpenter, P. A. (1980). Individual differences in working memory and reading. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 19(4), 450-466. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90312-6
Desmette, D. , Hupet, M., Schelstraete, M.-A., & Van den Linden, M. . (1995). Adaptation en langue française du « Reading Span Test » de Daneman et Carpenter (1980). L’Année Psychologique, 95(3), 459–482. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1995.28842.
2017-12-04
2023-03-29
A complex span task developed by Daneman and Carpenter (1980). The subject is asked to read a series of sentences and to remember the last word of each sentence. At the end of a series of sentences, he/she is required to remember those words.
Tâche d’empan complexe développée par Daneman et Carpenter (1980). Le sujet doit lire des séries de phrases et mémoriser le dernier mot de chacune d’entre elles. À la fin d’une série de phrases, il doit se souvenir de ces mots.

reading span task
tâche d'empan de lecture

Frank Arnould
Babcock, R. L., & Salthouse, T. A. (1990). Effects of increased processing demands on age differences in working memory. Psychology and aging, 5(3), 421-428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.5.3.421
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
Complex span task. The subject solves series of arithmetic problems and has to retain the last digit of each problem. The series contain one to seven problems. At the end of a series, the subject is asked to remember the target digits.
Tâche d'empan complexe. Le sujet doit résoudre des séries de problèmes arithmétiques et retenir le dernier chiffre de chaque problème. Les séries contiennent de un à sept problèmes. À la fin d’une série, le sujet est invité à se souvenir des chiffres cibles.
computation span task
tâche d'empan de calcul

Frank Arnould
Gonthier, C., Thomassin, N., & Roulin, J.-L. (2016). The composite complex span: French validation of a short working memory task. Behavior Research Methods, 48(1), 233–242. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-015-0566-3
2017-12-04
2022-02-23
Notion utilisée pour désigner la combinaison de plusieurs tâches d'empan complexe, permettant d'obtenir une évaluation générale de la capacité de la mémoire de travail.
Term used for the combination of several complex span tasks, to obtain a domain-general assessment of the working memory capacity.
composite complex span
empan complexe composite

Frank Arnould
​Daneman, M., & Carpenter, P. A. (1980). Individual differences in working memory and reading. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 19(4), 450–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(80)90312-6
​Salthouse, T. A., & Babcock, R. L. (1991). Decomposing adult age differences in working memory. Developmental Psychology, 27(5), 763–776. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.27.5.763
2018-03-15
2023-03-15
Complex span task. The subject is asked to verify an increasing series of sentences presented orally by indicating whether they are true or false or by answering simple questions while memorizing the last word of each sentence. At the end of a series, s/he has to recall the target words.
Tâche d'empan complexe. Le sujet doit vérifier des séries croissantes de phrases présentées oralement, en indiquant si elles sont vraies ou fausses ou en répondant à des questions simples, tout en mémorisant le dernier mot de chaque phrase. Après une série, il rappelle les mots cibles.
listening span task
tâche d'empan d'écoute

Frank Arnould
Case, R., Kurland, D. M., & Goldberg, J. (1982). Operational efficiency and the growth of short-term memory span. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 33(3), 386-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(82)90054-6
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Method for measuring working memory capacity. Subjects are presented with sets of cards on which green dots and yellow dots are drawn. The task of the subject is to count out loud the number of green dots on each card. The first set has only one card, then the number of cards is gradually increased in the subsequent series. At the end of a series, the subject must recall the number of green dots on each card.
Méthode de mesure de la capacité de la mémoire de travail. On présente des séries de cartes sur lesquelles sont dessinés des points verts et des points jaunes. La tâche du sujet est de compter oralement, sur chaque carte, le nombre de points verts. La première série ne comporte qu’une seule carte, puis le nombre de cartes est progressivement augmenté dans les séries suivantes. À la fin d’une série, le sujet doit rappeler le nombre de points verts de chaque carte.
counting span task
tâche d'empan de comptage

Frank Arnould
Turner, M. L., & Engle, R. W. (1989). Is working memory capacity task dependent? Journal of Memory and Language, 28(2), 127-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(89)90040-5
2017-12-04
2023-03-29
OSPAN task
Le sujet est amené à vérifier le résultat d’une série d'équations arithmétiques et à lire à voix haute un mot qui termine chaque équation. Après la présentation d’une série de deux à sept équations, le sujet doit rappeler les mots dans l'ordre correct. L’empan correspond au nombre maximum de mots que le sujet est capable de rappeler. Il existe des variantes de cette procédure (par exemple, les mots à rappeler à la fin d’une série d’équations peuvent être remplacés par des lettres de l’alphabet).
The subject is required to check the results of a series of mathematical equations and to read aloud a word that ends each equation. After the presentation of a series of two to seven equations, the subject is asked to remember the words in the correct order. The span is the maximum number of words that the subject is able to remember. There are variations on this procedure (e.g. words at the end of a series of equations may be replaced by letters).
operation span task
tâche d'empan d'opération

Frank Arnould
De Beni, R., Palladino, P., Pazzaglia, F., & Cornoldi, C. (1998). Increases in intrusion errors and working memory deficit of poor comprehenders. The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology, 51, 305‑320. https://doi.org/10.1080/713755761
2020-09-10
2023-09-04
CWMS
Complex span task. Subjects hear series of words and have to tap their hand on the table when they hear the name of an animal. After the presentation of all series, subjects are required to recall the last word of each string in serial order (De Beni et al., 1998).
Tâche d'empan complexe. Les sujets entendent des séries croissantes de mots et doivent frapper la table de leur main lorsqu'ils entendent un mot désignant un animal. À la fin de l'ensemble des séries, les sujets rappellent le dernier mot de chaque série dans leur ordre d'apparition.
categorisation working memory span task
categorization working memory span task
tâche d'empan de mémoire de travail avec catégorisation

Frank Arnould
Kane, M. J., Hambrick, D. Z., Tuholski, S. W., Wilhelm, O., Payne, T. W., & Engle, R. W. (2004). The generality of working memory capacity: A latent-variable approach to verbal and visuospatial memory span and reasoning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133(2), 189-217. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.133.2.189
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
symmetry span test
test d'empan de symétrie
A visuo-spatial working memory span task. The subject is asked to remember the location of sequences of red squares placed in a matrix and to decide whether black squares arranged in an 8 x 8 matrix are symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis.
Tâche d'empan de mémoire de travail visuo-spatiale. Le sujet doit se souvenir de la localisation de séquences de carrés rouges placés dans une matrice et décider si des carrés noirs disposés dans une matrice 8 x 8 sont symétriques par rapport à l'axe vertical.
symmetry span task
tâche d'empan de symétrie

Frank Arnould
Barrouillet, P., Bernardin, S., & Camos, V. (2004). Time constraints and resource sharing in adults’ working memory spans. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133(1), 83–100. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.133.1.83
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
Tâche d’empan de mémoire de travail dans laquelle les sujets doivent rappeler des séries croissantes de lettres tout en effectuant une tâche de lecture de chiffres.
Working memory span task in which subjects are asked to remember increasing series of letters while performing a digit reading task.
reading-digit span task
tâche d'empan de lecture de chiffres

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-02-23
spatial span test
test d'empan spatial
Span task for measuring the capacity of spatial short-term memory or visuo-spatial working memory.
Tâche d'empan pour mesurer la capacité de la mémoire à court terme spatiale ou de la mémoire de travail visuo-spatiale.
spatial span tasks
spatial span tests
tests d'empan spatial
tâches d'empan spatial
spatial span task
tâche d'empan spatial

Frank Arnould
Bunting, M., Cowan, N., & Scott Saults, J. (2006). How does running memory span work? Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59(10), 1691–1700. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210600848402
Pollack, I., Johnson, L. B., & Knaff, P. R. (1959). Running memory span. Journal of experimental psychology, 57(3), 137. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046137
2017-12-04
2023-03-29
A method for studying working memory capacity. In a running span task, "each list continues for an unpredictable number of items, after which items from the end of the list are to be recalled." (Bunting et al., 2006, p. 1691).
Méthode de mesure de la capacité de la mémoire de travail. Des items sont présentés dans des listes de longueur différente. Les sujets ne connaissent pas à l’avance la longueur des listes. Leur tâche consiste à rappeler les n derniers items des listes. Cette tâche nécessite d'évacuer des éléments anciens de la mémoire de travail et de mettre à jour celle-ci avec de nouveaux items.
running span task
tâche de running span

Frank Arnould
Jacobs, J. (1887). Experiments on « Prehension ». Mind, 12(45), 75‑79. https://doi.org/10.2307/2246990
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
empan simple
simple span
simple span test
test d'empan simple
Span task during which subjects are required to temporarily maintain a series of items (digits, words, spatial positions, etc.) without any other concurrent cognitive activity.
Épreuve d'empan au cours de laquelle le sujet est invité à retenir transitoirement une série d'items (chiffres, mots, positions spatiales...), sans réaliser une autre tâche cognitive concurrente.
simple span tasks
simple span tests
tests d'empan simple
tâches d'empan simple
simple span task
tâche d'empan simple

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A. (2007). Working memory, thought, and action. Oxford University Press.
Baddeley, A. (2012). Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
VSSP
mémoire de travail visuo-spatiale
visuo-spatial scratchpad
A subsystem of working memory in Baddeley's (1986) model for temporarily storing and manipulating visual and spatial information.
Sous-système de la mémoire de travail dans le modèle de Baddeley (1986) dédié au stockage temporaire et à la manipulation des informations visuelles et spatiales.

calepin visuo-spatial
visuo-spatial sketchpad

Frank Arnould
Corsi, P. (1972). Human memory and the medial temporal region of the brain an memory. McGraw Hill University. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=93903&local_base=GEN01-MCG02
Fournier, M., & Albaret, J.-M. (2015). Étalonnage des blocs de Corsi sur une population d’enfants scolarisés du CP à la 6e: Développements, n° 16-17(3), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.3917/devel.016.0076
2017-12-04
2023-07-18
Corsi block tapping test
Corsi block task
Corsi test
test de Corsi
tâche de Corsi
Corsi's test (1972) is an example of a spatial span task. Nine cubes are presented to the subject. The experimenter points to the cubes with increasingly longer sequences (2-8 positions). The subject's task is to immediately reproduce the sequence in the same or reversed order. After two failures in a series of the same level, the test is stopped.
L'épreuve de Corsi (1972) est un exemple de tâche d'empan spatial. On présente au sujet neuf cubes que l'expérimentateur pointe selon des séries de plus en plus longues (de 2 à 8 positions). La tâche du sujet est de reproduire immédiatement le pointage dans le même ordre ou l'ordre inverse. Après deux échecs sur une série de même niveau, on arrête le test.

Corsi task
épreuve de Corsi

Frank Arnould
Piccardi, L., Iaria, G., Ricci, M., Bianchini, F., Zompanti, L., & Guariglia, C. (2008). Walking in the Corsi test: Which type of memory do you need? Neuroscience Letters, 432(2), 127–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2007.12.044
Quintela del Rio, A., De las Cuevas-Terán, I., Cudeiro, J., Piccardi, L., Martín-Pozuelo, N., & Robles-García, V. (2023). Adaptations of the Walking Corsi Test (WalCT) for 2- and 3-year-old preterm and term-born toddlers: A preliminary study. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2023.1081042
2020-06-16
2023-04-19
WalCT
Adaptation du test de Corsi pour étudier la mémoire de travail topographique. Le sujet doit reproduire un trajet en suivant dans l’ordre une série de carrés sur le sol.
Adaptation of the Corsi test for the study of topographic working memory. The subject is asked to reproduce a path by sequentially walking along a series of squares on the ground.
Test de marche de Corsi
Walking Corsi Test

2021-07-05
2023-09-04
Explicit rule provided to a subject in an experimental condition.
Règle explicite donnée à un sujet dans une condition expérimentale.
consignes
instructions
consigne
instruction

Frank Arnould
Otani, H., & Schwartz, B. L. (Éds.). (2018). Handbook of research methods in human memory. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429439957
2021-08-31
2023-09-04
A method for studying how subjects subjectively evaluate their memory experiences, performance and functioning.
Méthode d'étude de la manière dont les sujets évaluent subjectivement leurs expériences mnésiques, la performance et le fonctionnement de leur mémoire.
méthode subjective d'étude de la mémoire
subjective study method of memory

Frank Arnould
Ranzenberger, L. R., & Snyder, T. (2022). Diffusion tensor imaging. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537361/
2022-05-31
2023-09-04
DTI
DTI MRI
diffusion tensor MRI
diffusion tensor image analysis
diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging
diffusion weighted imaging
imagerie de tenseur de diffusion
imagerie du tenseur de diffusion
imagerie en tenseur de diffusion
tractographie
tractography
« Une variante de l’imagerie pondérée par diffusion qui utilise le taux de diffusion d'eau tissulaire pour la production d'images. » (Ranzenberger & Snyder, 2022).
“a variant of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) which utilizes a tissue water diffusion rate for image production.” (Ranzenberger & Snyder, 2022).

diffusion tensor imaging
imagerie par tenseur de diffusion

Frank Arnould
Deisseroth, K., Feng, G., Majewska, A. K., Miesenböck, G., Ting, A., & Schnitzer, M. J. (2006). Next-generation optical technologies for illuminating genetically targeted brain circuits. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(41), 10380–10386. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3863-06.2006
​Mudiayi, D., Wong, S., & Gruber, A. (2015). Optogenetics. In J. D. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition) (p. 268–273). Oxford: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.55060-0
2018-03-15
2023-09-04
optogenetic stimulation
stimulation optogénétique
"Optogenetic technology combines genetic targeting of specific neurons or proteins with optical technology for imaging or control of the targets within intact, living neural circuits." (Deisseroth et al., 2006, p. 10380).
Méthode consistant à insérer, dans des neurones sélectivement ciblés, des gènes codant pour une protéine photosensible, de la classe des opsines, provoquant alors soit une dépolarisation (lumière bleue pour les channelrhodopsines R2ou chR2), soit l'hyperpolarisation (lumière jaune pour les halorhodopsines) des neurones. Dans le premier cas, la lumière va activer les neurones, dans le second cas, elle va les inhiber.

optogenetically
optogenetics
optogénétique

Frank Arnould
Belliveau, J. W., Kennedy, D. N., McKinstry, R. C., Buchbinder, B. R., Weisskoff, R. M., Cohen, M. S., Vevea, J. M., Brady, T. J., & Rosen, B. R. (1991). Functional mapping of the human visual cortex by magnetic resonance imaging. Science, 254(5032), 716–719. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1948051
Houdé, O., Mazoyer, B., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2010). Cerveau et psychologie (1ʳᵉ éd.). Presses Universitaires de France.
Slotnick, S. D. (2017). Cognitive neuroscience of memory. Cambridge University Press.
2022-03-22
2023-09-04
IRM fonctionnelle
IRMf
fMRI
functional MRI
« Méthode présentant une excellente résolution spatiale et une faible résolution temporelle qui mesure les augmentations du flux sanguin qui se produisent dans les régions actives du cerveau. » (Slotnik, 2017, p. 241).
“method with excellent spatial resolution and poor temporal resolution that measures increases in blood flow that occur in active brain regions.“ (Slotnik, 2017, p. 241).

functional magnetic resonance imageing
functional magnetic resonance imaging
imagerie par résonance magnétique fonctionnelle

Frank Arnould
Gagnon, G., & Blanchet, S. (2012). La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne: Nouveau regard sur l’implication du cortex préfrontal en mémoire épisodique et perspectives cliniques. Revue de neuropsychologie, 4(2), 103. https://doi.org/10.3917/rne.042.0103
Valero-Cabré, A., Amengual, J. L., Stengel, C., Pascual-Leone, A., & Coubard, O. A. (2017). Transcranial magnetic stimulation in basic and clinical neuroscience: A comprehensive review of fundamental principles and novel insights. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 83, 381–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.10.006
Valero-Cabré, A., Pascual-Leone, A., & Coubard, O. A. (2011). La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne (SMT) dans la recherche fondamentale et clinique en neuroscience. Revue Neurologique, 167(4), 291–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2010.10.013
Widhalm, M. L., & Rose, N. S. (2019). How can transcranial magnetic stimulation be used to causally manipulate memory representations in the human brain? WIREs Cognitive Science, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1469
2022-04-23
2023-09-04
SMT
TMS
« Technique de stimulation cérébrale non invasive dans laquelle des impulsions électriques délivrées par une bobine isolée maintenue sur le scalp produisent un champ magnétique puissant et localisé qui peut provoquer la décharge de neurones dans une région précise du cerveau. » (Widhalm & Rose, 2019).
“Non-invasive brain stimulation technique in which electrical pulses discharged through an insulated coil held to the scalp produce a strong, localized magnetic field that can cause neurons to fire in a focused brain region” (Widhalm & Rose, 2019).

stimulation magnétique transcrânienne
transcranial magnetic stimulation

Bartl, G. (2019, August 29). Systematic review and network meta-analysis of tDCS effects on verbal episodic memory: Modelling heterogeneity of stimulation locations. https://osf.io/cfyvk
Baumert, A., Buchholz, N., Zinkernagel, A., & Schmitt, M. (2019, February 14). tDCS executive function. https://osf.io/ta5x4
Ellis, D., Brewer, G. A., & Laboratory, M. & A. C. (2019, May 24). Prospective Memory and Neural Stimulation (tDCS). https://osf.io/b8g3e
Friehs, M. A. (2021, May 6). DRM tDCS. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/X5QAS
Medina, J. (2017, May 30). tDCS P-Curve analyses. https://osf.io/ts6zu
Pérez, C. R. (2021, July 5). Intervention with Virtual Reality and tDCS to improve working memory and functional autonomy after stroke: Single case study. https://osf.io/zcmfv
Vadillo, M. A., Sirota, M., Galli, G., & Medvedeva, A. (2018, November 16). A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Episodic Memory. https://osf.io/9cxeu
Frank Arnould
Brasil-Neto, J. P. (2012). Learning, memory, and transcranial direct current stimulation. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00080
Galli, G., Vadillo, M. A., Sirota, M., Feurra, M., & Medvedeva, A. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on episodic memory. Brain Stimulation, 12(2), 231–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2018.11.008
Marković, V., Vicario, C. M., Yavari, F., Salehinejad, M. A., & Nitsche, M. A. (2021). A systematic review on the effect of transcranial direct current and magnetic stimulation on fear memory and extinction. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15, 655947. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.655947
2022-04-25
2023-09-04
stimulation transcrânienne à courant continu
tDCS
tDCS
"tDCS [transcranial direct current stimulation] involves the delivery of weak electrical currents (usually ranging from 1 to 2 mA) to the scalp by means of two electrodes, a positively-charged anode and a negatively-charged cathode. The current is thought to modulate the resting membrane potential of neurons depending on the polarity of the electrode, such that anodal stimulation induces depolarization of the membrane potential and increases cortical excitability, and cathodal stimulation induces hyperpolarization and decreases cortical excitability." (Galli et al., 2019, p. 231).
« La tDSC [stimulation transcrânienne à courant direct] repose sur l'administration de faibles courants électriques (généralement de 1 à 2 mA) sur le scalp au moyen de deux électrodes, une anode à charge positive et une cathode à charge négative. Le courant est censé moduler le potentiel membranaire de repos des neurones en fonction de la polarité de l'électrode, de sorte que la stimulation anodale induit une dépolarisation du potentiel membranaire et augmente l'excitabilité corticale, et la stimulation cathodale induit une hyperpolarisation et diminue l'excitabilité corticale. » (Galli et al., 2019, p. 231).

stimulation transcrânienne à courant direct
transcranial direct current stimulation

Frank Arnould
Ferrari, M., & Quaresima, V. (2012). A brief review on the history of human functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) development and fields of application. NeuroImage, 63(2), 921–935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.03.049
Talamonti, D., Montgomery, C. A., Clark, D. P. A., & Bruno, D. (2020). Age-related prefrontal cortex activation in associative memory: An fNIRS pilot study. NeuroImage, 222, 117223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117223
2022-05-31
2023-09-04
ISPIf
fNIRS
functional near-infrared imaging
« technique d'imagerie cérébrale fonctionnelle non invasive qui détecte les changements hémodynamiques dans le cortex humain [...] Basée sur les propriétés d'absorption optique de l'hémoglobine sanguine, la ISPIf permet de calculer les changements de concentration de l'hémoglobine oxygénée (HbO) et de l'hémoglobine désoxygénée (HHb), qui sont des indicateurs d'activation corticale. » (Talamonti et al., 2020).
“a non-invasive functional brain imaging technique that detects hemodynamic changes in the human cortex […] Based on the optical absorption properties of blood hemoglobin, fNIRS enables calculation of concentration changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb), which are indicators of cortical activation.” (Talamonti et al., 2020).

functional near-infrared spectroscopy
imagerie spectroscopique proche infrarouge

Frank Arnould
Barnett, S. M., & Ceci, S. J. (2002). When and where do we apply what we learn? A taxonomy for far transfer. Psychological Bulletin, 128(4), 612–637. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.128.4.612
Sala, G., & Gobet, F. (2017). Does far transfer exist? Negative evidence from chess, music, and working memory training. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(6), 515–520. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417712760
Sala, G., Aksayli, N. D., Tatlidil, K. S., Tatsumi, T., Gondo, Y., & Gobet, F. (2019). Near and far transfer in cognitive training: A second-order meta-analysis. Collabra: Psychology, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.203
2019-05-10
2023-03-15
transfert distant
transfert lointain
The transfer of knowledge or skills acquired during a task to a new task that shares a few common features with the first task.
Transfert de connaissances ou d'habilités acquises au cours d'une tâche à la réalisation d'une nouvelle tâche partageant peu de caractéristiques communes avec la première.
far transfers
transferts éloignés
far transfer
transfert éloigné

Frank Arnould
Sala, G., Aksayli, N. D., Tatlidil, K. S., Tatsumi, T., Gondo, Y., & Gobet, F. (2019). Near and far transfer in cognitive training: A second-order meta-analysis. Collabra: Psychology, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.203
2019-05-10
2023-03-15
The transfer of knowledge or skills acquired during a task to a new task that shares many common features with the first task.
Transfert de connaissances ou d'habiletés acquises au cours d'une tâche à la réalisation d'une nouvelle tâche partageant de nombreuses caractéristiques communes avec la première.
near transfers
transferts proches
near transfer
transfert proche

Frank Arnould
Creighton, A. S., Ploeg, E. S. van der, & O’Connor, D. W. (2013). A literature review of spaced-retrieval interventions : A direct memory intervention for people with dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 25(11), 1743‑1763. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610213001233
Hochhalter, A. K., Overmier, J. B., Gasper, S. M., Bakke, B. L., & Holub, R. J. (2005). A comparison of spaced retrieval to other schedules of practice for people with dementia. Experimental Aging Research, 31(2), 101–118. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610730590914976
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
spaced-retrieval intervention
Method for the rehabilitation of memory disorders, particularly in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type, allowing the acquisition of new information (Camp, 1989). The principle of the method is as follows: the subjects' memory is evaluated by gradually increasing the retention interval between two tests. When a retrieval failure occurs, the retention interval is reduced to the previous interval that resulted in a correct recall. Then the interval is increased again until a correct recall occurs. The procedure is therefore adapted according to the performance of the subjects.
Méthode de rééducation des troubles de la mémoire, en particulier chez les patients atteints de démence de type Alzheimer, permettant l'acquisition d'informations nouvelles (Camp, 1989). Le principe de la méthode est le suivant : la mémoire des sujets est évaluée en augmentant progressivement l'intervalle de rétention entre deux tests. Lors d'un échec de récupération, l'intervalle de rétention est diminué et ramené à l'intervalle précédent ayant abouti à un rappel correct. Puis, l'intervalle est de nouveau augmenté jusqu'à un nouveau rappel correct. La procédure est donc adaptée en fonction de la performance des sujets.
For example, Hochbalter et al. (2005) used a spaced retrieval program to help patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type remember a pill name. The following retention intervals were used: 0 s, 10 s, 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 4 min, 7 min, 12 min. When name recall is correct at 0 s, the next interval is tried (10 s) and so on. If a recall is incorrect, the subject is tested with the previous shorter interval.
Par exemple, Hochbalter et al. (2005) ont utilisé un programme de récupération espacée pour aider des patients souffrant de démence de type Alzheimer à se souvenir du nom d’un comprimé. Les intervalles de rétention suivants sont utilisés : 0 s, 10 s, 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 4 min, 7 min, 12 min. Quand le rappel du nom est correct à 0 s, l’intervalle suivant est essayé (10 s) et ainsi de suite. Si un rappel est incorrect, le sujet est testé avec l’intervalle plus court précédent.

récupération espacée
spaced retrieval

Simon, J., Kiss, N., Korrelboom, K., Kingdon, D., Wykes, T., Phiri, P., van der Gaag, M., Baksh, M. F., & Steel, C. (2022). Cost-effectiveness of Positive Memory Training (PoMet) for the treatment of depression in schizophrenia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), Article 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911985
Steel, C., Korrelboom, K., Fazil Baksh, M., Kingdon, D., Simon, J., Wykes, T., Phiri, P., & van der Gaag, M. (2020). Positive memory training for the treatment of depression in schizophrenia: A randomised controlled trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 135, 103734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2020.103734
Steel, C., van der Gaag, M., Korrelboom, K., Simon, J., Phiri, P., Baksh, M. F., Wykes, T., Rose, D., Rose, S., Hardcastle, M., Enright, S., Evans, G., & Kingdon, D. (2015). A randomised controlled trial of positive memory training for the treatment of depression within schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry, 15(1), 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-015-0453-6
2023-03-13
2023-03-31
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
PoMeT
"Positive memory training (PoMeT) is designed to enhance access to positive self-representations resulting in reduced levels of depression and increased self-esteem. It is based on a theoretical account of mood disorder which suggests that positive self representations are relatively dormant within individuals suffering from depression, at least in part due to infrequent activation." (Steel et al., 2015).
« L’entraînement à la mémoire positive (PoMeT) est conçu pour améliorer l'accès aux représentations positives de soi, ce qui permet de réduire les niveaux de dépression et d'augmenter l'estime de soi. Il est basé sur une approche théorique du trouble de l'humeur qui suggère que les représentations positives de soi sont relativement dormantes chez les individus souffrant de dépression, au moins en partie à cause d'une activation peu fréquente. » (Steel et al., 2015).
Entrainement à la mémoire positive
Positive Memory Training

Frank Arnould
Barry, T. J., Sze, W. Y., & Raes, F. (2019). A meta-analysis and systematic review of Memory Specificity Training (MeST) in the treatment of emotional disorders. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 116, 36‑51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2019.02.001
Raes, F., Williams, J. M. G., & Hermans, D. (2009). Reducing cognitive vulnerability to depression : A preliminary investigation of MEmory Specificity Training (MEST) in inpatients with depressive symptomatology. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 40(1), 24‑38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2008.03.001
2020-10-15
2023-09-04
MeST
MeST
entrainement à la spécificité mnésique
Cognitive-behavioral intervention for the prevention and treatment of emotional disorders through training in the retrieval of specific autobiographical memories.
Intervention cognitivo-comportementale pour la prévention et le traitement des troubles émotionnels par un entrainement à la récupération de souvenirs autobiographiques spécifiques.
entraînement à la spécificité des souvenirs
Memory Specificity Training
entrainement à la spécificité des souvenirs

Frank Arnould
Hunt, R. R., & Einstein, G. O. (1981). Relational and item-specific information in memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 20(5), 497–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90138-9
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
A mode of information processing defined as the encoding of information specific to a particular item.
Mode de traitement des informations défini comme l’encodage des informations propres à un item particulier.
traitements spécifiques des items
item-specific processing
traitement spécifique de l'item

Frank Arnould
Hunt, R. R., & Einstein, G. O. (1981). Relational and item-specific information in memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 20(5), 497–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(81)90138-9
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
A form of information processing defined as the encoding of similarities between items.
Mode de traitement des informations défini comme l’encodage des similitudes entre items.
traitements relationnels
relational processing
traitement relationnel

Frank Arnould
Hintzman, D. L., Block, R. A., & Summers, J. J. (1973). Modality tags and memory for repetitions: Locus of the spacing effect. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12(2), 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(73)80013-1
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
Processus consistant à attribuer à un item la modalité sensorielle dans laquelle il a été présenté.
The process of assigning to an item the sensory modality in which it was presented.
marquage de la modalité
modality tagging

Frank Arnould
Hainmueller, T., & Bartos, M. (2020). Dentate gyrus circuits for encoding, retrieval and discrimination of episodic memories. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 21(3), 153‑168. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-019-0260-z
2017-12-04
2022-03-30
gyrus dentelé
An area in the hippocampus formation involved in the memory of spatial information, especially, in the process of spatial pattern separation.
Région de la formation hippocampique impliquée dans la mémoire des informations spatiales, en particulier dans le processus de séparation de pattern spatial.

dentate gyrus
gyrus denté

Frank Arnould
Rolls, E. T. (2015). Limbic systems for emotion and for memory, but no single limbic system. Cortex, 62, 119‑157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2013.12.005
Rolls, E. T. (2019). The cingulate cortex and limbic systems for emotion, action, and memory. Brain Structure and Function, 224(9), 3001‑3018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-019-01945-2
2020-11-02
2023-09-04
limbic system
système limbique

limbic lobes
lobes limbiques
limbic lobe
lobe limbique

Frank Arnould
Tse, D., Langston, R. F., Kakeyama, M., Bethus, I., Spooner, P. A., Wood, E. R., Witter, M. P., & Morris, R. G. M. (2007). Schemas and memory consolidation. Science, 316(5821), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1135935
2020-11-05
2023-09-04
Model according to which "systems consolidation can occur extremely quickly if an associative “schema” into which new information is incorporated has previously been created." (Tse et al., 2007, p. 76).
Modèle selon lequel « la consolidation des systèmes peut se produire extrêmement rapidement si un "schéma" associatif dans lequel de nouvelles informations sont incorporées a été préalablement créé. » (Tse et al., 2007, p. 76).
modèle d’assimilation à un schéma
schema assimilation model

Frank Arnould
Barbeau, E. J., Ronat, L., & Didic, M. (2020). Études de cas et neuropsychologie de la mémoire : Et maintenant, c’est fini ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 12(1), 19‑25. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0536
Corkin, S. (2002). What’s new with the amnesic patient H.M.? Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 3(2), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn726
Scoville, W. B., & Milner, B. (1957). Loss of recent memory after bilateral hippocampal lesions. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 20(1), 11–21. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.20.1.11
2021-08-23
2023-09-04
H.M. patient
patient H.M.
Patient (Henry Molaison — 1926-2008) qui présentait un syndrome amnésique bi-hippocampique après la résection bilatérale des lobes temporaux médians pour traiter une épilepsie. Il a participé à de nombreuses études ayant permis de faire avancer la compréhension de la mémoire.
Patient (Henry Molaison — 1926-2008) who suffered from bi-hippocampal amnesia after bilateral resection of the medial temporal lobes to treat an intractable epilepsy. He participated in numerous studies that advanced the understanding of memory.

HM case
HM patient
cas HM
patient HM
H.M. case
cas H.M.

Frank Arnould
2020-11-02
2023-09-04
A collection of nerve fibers in the brain.
Regroupement de fibres nerveuses dans l’encéphale.

faisceaux cérébraux
brain fasciculus
faisceau cérébral

Frank Arnould
Casillo, S. M., Luy, D. D., & Goldschmidt, E. (2020). A history of the lobes of the brain. World Neurosurgery, 134, 353–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2019.10.155
Houdé, O., Mazoyer, B., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2010). Cerveau et psychologie (1ʳᵉ éd.). Presses Universitaires de France.
2020-11-02
2023-09-04
lobe of the brain

brain lobes
lobes cérébraux
lobes of the brain
brain lobe
lobe cérébral

Frank Arnould
Behrens, T. E. J., Muller, T. H., Whittington, J. C. R., Mark, S., Baram, A. B., Stachenfeld, K. L., & Kurth-Nelson, Z. (2018). What is a cognitive map? Organizing knowledge for flexible behavior. Neuron, 100(2), 490–509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2018.10.002
Tolman, E. C. (1948). Cognitive maps in rats and men. Psychological review, 55(4), 189-208. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0061626
Warren, W. H. (2019). Non-Euclidean navigation. Journal of Experimental Biology, 222(Suppl_1), jeb187971. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.187971
Weisberg, S. M., & Newcombe, N. S. (2018). Cognitive maps: Some people make them, some people struggle. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(4), 220–226. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417744521
2017-12-04
2023-04-04
Mental and spatial representation of an environment topology.
Représentation spatiale et mentale de la topologie de l’environnement.

cartes cognitives
cognitive maps
carte cognitive
cognitive map

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A. (2012). Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422
Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. J. (1974). Working memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 8, p. 47-89). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60452-1
Baddeley, A. D., Hitch, G., & Allen, Richard. (2021). A multicomponent model of working memory. In R. Logie, V. Camos, & N. Cowan (Eds.), Working memory: State of the science (p. 10‑43). Oxford University Press.
Ozimic, A. S. (2020). Working memory from the perspective of the multicomponent model and embedded-processes model. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 18(4), 516–524. https://doi.org/10.7906/indecs.18.4.2
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
modèle à composants multiples de la mémoire de travail
multicomponent working memory model
Model according to which working memory is composed of several interacting systems: central executive, phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad and episodic buffer.
Modèle selon lequel la mémoire de travail est composée de plusieurs systèmes en interaction : l'administrateur central, la boucle phonologique, le calepin visuo-spatial et le buffer épisodique.

multi-component working memory model
Baddeley's model
modèle de Baddeley

Frank Arnould
Oberauer, K. (2002). Access to information in working memory : Exploring the focus of attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(3), 411‑421. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.3.411
Oberauer, K. (2009). Design for a working memory. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 51, p. 45‑100). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(09)51002-X
2022-03-07
2023-09-04
Conceptualisation de la mémoire de travail comme une « structure concentrique de représentations avec trois régions fonctionnellement distinctes [...] : 1. La partie activée de la mémoire à long terme peut servir, entre autres, à mémoriser des informations sur de brèves périodes pour un rappel ultérieur. 2. La région d'accès direct détient un nombre limité de chunks disponibles pour être utilisés dans les processus cognitifs en cours. 3. Le focus attentionnel contient à tout moment l’unique chunk qui est effectivement sélectionné comme objet de la prochaine opération cognitive. » (Oberauer, 2002, p. 412).
Conceptualization of working memory as a “concentric structure of representations with three functionally distinct regions […] : 1. The activated part of long-term memory can serve, among other things, to memorize information over brief periods for later recall. 2. The region of direct access holds a limited number of chunks available to be used in ongoing cognitive processes. 3. The focus of attention holds at any time the one chunk that is actually selected as the object of the next cognitive operation.”(Oberauer, 2002, p. 412).
concentric model
modèle concentrique

Frank Arnould
Chein, J. ., Ravizza, S. ., & Fiez, J. . (2003). Using neuroimaging to evaluate models of working memory and their implications for language processing. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 16(4-5), 315-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0911-6044(03)00021-6
Cowan, N. (1988). Evolving conceptions of memory storage, selective attention, and their mutual constraints within the human information-processing system. Psychological Bulletin, 104(2), 163‑191. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.104.2.163
Cowan, N., Morey, C.C., & Naveh-Benjamin, M. (2021). An embedded-processes approach to working memory: How is it distinct from other approaches, and to what ends? In R.H. Logie, V. Camos, and N. Cowan (Eds.), Working Memory: State of the Science. Oxford University Press.
Cowan,N.(1999).An embedded-processes model of working memory. In A. Myake & P. Shah (Eds.), Models of Working Memory: Mechanisms of Active Maintenance and Executive Control, (pp. 32-101). Cambridge University Press.
Ozimic, A. S. (2020). Working memory from the perspective of the multicomponent model and embedded-processes model. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 18(4), 516–524. https://doi.org/10.7906/indecs.18.4.2
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
modèle des processus emboîtés
A functional model of working memory. Working memory is conceived as the activated part of long-term memory. Only a subset of activated information is subject to attentional focus, which is limited in capacity. The focus of attention is under the control of a central administrator.
Modèle fonctionnel de la mémoire de travail, dans lequel celle-ci est conçue comme la partie activée de la mémoire à long terme. Seul un sous-ensemble des informations activées fait l'objet d'une focalisation de l'attention, dont la capacité est limitée. Le focus de l'attention est sous le contrôle d'un administrateur central.

embedded-processes model
modèle des processus imbriqués

Frank Arnould
Page, M. P. A., & Norris, D. (1998). The primacy model: A new model of immediate serial recall. Psychological Review, 105(4), 761-781. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.105.4.761-781
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Connectionist model of immediate serial recall and the phonological loop (Page & Norris, 1998). Items are activated according to a primacy gradient: the first item in the list is the most active, and the activation of other items in the list gradually decreases with their serial position. The decay of an item's trace is rapid after activation, unless a rehearsal mechanism maintains its original activation. At the time of serial recall, the first item in the list with the greatest activation is recalled first and then suppressed. The other items are then recalled sequentially using the same principle.
Modèle connexionniste du rappel sériel immédiat et de la boucle phonologique (Page & Norris, 1998). Les items sont activés en fonction d'un gradient de primauté : le premier item de la liste est le plus activé puis l'activation des autres items de la liste décroit graduellement avec leur position sérielle. Le déclin de la trace d'un item est rapide après son activation, sauf si un mécanisme de répétition permet de conserver son activation d'origine. Au moment du rappel sériel, le premier item de la liste, qui est le plus activé, est récupéré en premier puis supprimé. Les autres items sont ensuite séquentiellement rappelés sur le même principe.
Primacy model
modèle Primacy

Frank Arnould
D’Esposito, M. (2007). From cognitive to neural models of working memory. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 362(1481), 761-772. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2086
Postle, B. R. (2006). Working memory as an emergent property of the mind and brain. Neuroscience, 139(1), 23-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.06.005
2017-12-04
2022-02-18
recrutement sensori-moteur
sensorimotor recruitment
Les modèles de la mémoire de travail basés sur le recrutement sensoriel postulent que la rétention à court terme de stimuli active les mêmes systèmes cérébraux que ceux impliqués dans leur traitement sensoriel.
Sensory recruitment models of working memory postulate that the short-term retention of stimuli activates the same brain systems as those involved in their sensory processing.
recrutement sensoriel
sensory recruitment

Frank Arnould
Wagenaar, W. A. (1972). Generation of random sequences by human subjects: A critical survey of literature. Psychological Bulletin, 77(1), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0032060
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
Experimental technique used to study the central executive in working memory. The task of the subject is to generate numbers or letters as if they were drawn at random.
Technique expérimentale utilisée pour étudier l'administrateur central de la mémoire de travail. La tâche du sujet consiste à générer des nombres ou des lettres comme s'ils étaient tirés au hasard dans un ensemble.
random generation tasks
tâches de génération aléatoire
random generation task
tâche de génération aléatoire

Frank Arnould
Smyth, M. M., Pearson, N. A., & Pendleton, L. R. (1988). Movement and working memory: patterns and positions in space. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 40(3), 497–514. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724988843000041
2017-12-04
2022-03-16
movement span test
test d'empan de mouvement
L'empan de mouvement est estimé en demandant au sujet de répéter des séquences de plus en plus longues de mouvements corporels exécutés par l'expérimentateur. L'empan de mouvement correspond à la plus longue séquence que le sujet est capable de reproduire immédiatement.
Movement span is estimated by asking the subject to repeat movement sequences of increasing length performed by the experimenter. The movement span is the longest sequence that the subject is able to reproduce immediately.
movement span task
tâche d'empan de mouvement

Frank Arnould
Boag, R. J., Stevenson, N., van Dooren, R., Trutti, A. C., Sjoerds, Z., & Forstmann, B. U. (2021). Cognitive control of working memory : A model-based approach. Brain Sciences, 11(6), 721. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060721
Chatham, C. H., & Badre, D. (2015). Multiple gates on working memory. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 1, 23‑31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2014.08.001
Kessler, Y. (2017). The role of working memory gating in task switching : A procedural version of the reference-back paradigm. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02260
Nir-Cohen, G., Kessler, Y., & Egner, T. (2020). Neural substrates of working memory updating. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 32(12), 2285–2302. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01625
Rac-Lubashevsky, R., & Kessler, Y. (2016a). Dissociating working memory updating and automatic updating: The reference-back paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 42(6), 951–969. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000219
Rac-Lubashevsky, R., & Kessler, Y. (2016b). Decomposing the n-back task : An individual differences study using the reference-back paradigm. Neuropsychologia, 90, 190‑199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.07.013
2021-06-04
2023-09-04
Experimental paradigm based on the n-back task for studying working memory updating processes. On each trial, a stimulus (e.g., a letter or a face) is presented within a blue frame or a red frame. The subject is asked to indicate whether or not this stimulus is identical to the stimulus most recently presented in a red frame. Trials containing a red frame are termed reference trials. Trials with a blue frame are termed comparison trials (after Nir-Cohen et al., 2020).
Paradigme expérimental basé sur la tâche n-back pour l'étude des processus de mise à jour de la mémoire de travail. À chaque essai, un stimulus (par exemple, une lettre de l'alphabet ou un visage) est présenté à l'intérieur d'un cadre bleu ou d'un cadre rouge. Le sujet doit indiquer si ce stimulus est identique ou non au stimulus présenté le plus récemment dans un cadre rouge. Les essais contenant un cadre rouge sont dits essais de référence. Les essais contenant un cadre bleu sont dits essais de comparaison (d'après Nie-Cohen et al., 2020).
paradigme de la référence précédente
reference-back paradigm

Frank Arnould
Oberauer, K., Lewandowsky, S., Awh, E., Brown, G. D. A., Conway, A., Cowan, N., Donkin, C., Farrell, S., Hitch, G. J., Hurlstone, M. J., Ma, W. J., Morey, C. C., Nee, D. E., Schweppe, J., Vergauwe, E., & Ward, G. (2018). Benchmarks for models of short-term and working memory. Psychological Bulletin, 144(9), 885‑958. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000153
Prinzmetal, W., Amiri, H., Allen, K., & Edwards, T. (1998). Phenomenology of attention : I Color, location, orientation, and spatial frequency. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24(1), 261‑282. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.24.1.261
Wilken, P., & Ma, W. J. (2004). A detection theory account of change detection. Journal of Vision, 4(12), 11. https://doi.org/10.1167/4.12.11 ​
van den Berg, R., Awh, E., & Ma, W. J. (2014). Factorial comparison of working memory models. Psychological Review, 121(1), 124–149. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035234 ​
2018-09-10
2023-03-14
continuous report task
delayed estimation task
tâche d'estimation différée
tâche de rapport continu
Le sujet est invité à ajuster la valeur d'un trait (par exemple, la couleur ou l'orientation) jusqu'à ce qu'elle corresponde à la valeur d'un item en mémoire à court terme.
The subject is asked to adjust the value of a feature (for example, the color or orientation) until it matches the value of an item in short-term memory.
continuous reproduction task
tâche de reproduction continue

Frank Arnould
Hughes, C., & Ensor, R. (2005). Executive Function and Theory of Mind in 2 Year Olds : A Family Affair? Developmental Neuropsychology, 28(2), 645‑668. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326942dn2802_5
Hughes, C., & Ensor, R. (2007). Executive function and theory of mind : Predictive relations from ages 2 to 4. Developmental Psychology, 43(6), 1447‑1459. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1447
2020-09-14
2023-09-04
Method for studying working memory in young children. Stickers are placed in six of the eight pots arranged on a tray. Before each trial, the tray is covered with a scarf, spun around, and then the scarf is removed. The child is asked to choose one of the pots that he or she thinks contains a sticker before moving on to the next trial (Hughes & Ensor, 2005 ; 2007).
Méthode d'étude de la mémoire de travail chez les jeunes enfants. Des autocollants sont placés dans six des huit pots disposés sur un plateau tournant. Avant chaque essai, le plateau est recouvert d'un foulard, subit une rotation, puis le foulard est ôté. L'enfant est invité à choisir l'un des pots qu'il pense contenir un autocollant avant de passer à l'essai suivant (Hughes & Ensor, 2005 ; 2007).
spin the pots task
tâche des pots tournants

Frank Arnould
Cragg, L., & Nation, K. (2007). Self-ordered pointing as a test of working memory in typically developing children. Memory, 15(5), 526–535. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701390750
Petrides, M., & Milner, B. (1982). Deficits on subject-ordered tasks after frontal- and temporal-lobe lesions in man. Neuropsychologia, 20(3), 249–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(82)90100-2
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
self-ordered pointing task
tâche de pointage autoordonné
Working memory task (Petrides & Milner, 1982). "The task takes the form of a set of pictures of familiar objects or abstract designs, arranged in a grid. These are presented in a different spatial arrangement on each trial and the participant is required to point to a different picture every time. The test requires executive abilities in order to organise and carry out a sequence of responses as well as to retain and constantly monitor the responses made." (Cragg et Nation, 2007, p. 526).
Épreuve de mémoire de travail. « La tâche se présente sous la forme d'une série d'images d'objets familiers ou de dessins abstraits, disposés dans une grille. Ces images sont présentées dans une disposition spatiale différente à chaque essai et le participant doit pointer une image différente à chaque fois. Le test requiert des capacités exécutives afin d'organiser et d'exécuter une séquence de réponses, ainsi que de retenir et de contrôler en permanence les réponses données. » (Cragg et Nation, 2007, p. 526).
test de pointage auto-ordonné
tâche de pointage auto-ordonné
self-ordered pointing test
test de pointage autoordonné

Frank Arnould
Wechsler, D. (2008). WAIS‐IV technical and interpretive manual. San Antonio, TX: NCS Pearson, Inc
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Working memory test in the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Series of increasing complexity combining letters and digits are presented. The subject is required to remember them in alphabetic and numerical order.
Épreuve de mémoire de travail présente dans l'Échelle d'intelligence pour adultes de Wechsler. Des séries de complexité croissante contenant un mélange de chiffres et de lettres non ordonné sont présentées. Le sujet doit les rappeler en respectant l'ordre alphabétique et numérique.

letter number sequencing
séquence lettres-chiffres
letter number sequencing test
test séquence lettres-chiffres

Frank Arnould
Gathercole, S. E., & Baddeley, A. D. (1989). Evaluation of the role of phonological STM in the development of vocabulary in children: A longitudinal study. Journal of Memory and Language, 28(2), 200-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(89)90044-2
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
Method for studying the phonological loop. Subjects listened to nonwords and try to repeat them orally. In children, performance in this task is correlated with vocabulary level and is thought to be a good predictor of language acquisition.
Méthode d'étude de la boucle phonologique. L'expérimentateur énonce des non mots que le sujet doit répéter. Chez l'enfant, la performance dans cette tâche est corrélée au niveau de vocabulaire et serait un bon prédicteur de l'acquisition du langage.

nonword repetition task
tâche de répétition de non-mots

Frank Arnould
Rodríguez-Aranda, C., & Martinussen, M. (2006). Age-related differences in performance of phonemic verbal fluency measured by controlled oral word association task (cowat): A meta-analytic study. Developmental Neuropsychology, 30(2), 697–717. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326942dn3002_3
Schmidt, C. S. M., Schumacher, L. V., Römer, P., Leonhart, R., Beume, L., Martin, M., Dressing, A., Weiller, C., & Kaller, C. P. (2017). Are semantic and phonological fluency based on the same or distinct sets of cognitive processes? Insights from factor analyses in healthy adults and stroke patients. Neuropsychologia, 99, 148–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.02.019
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
fluence phonémique
phonemic fluency
phonemic fluency task
phonemic fluency test
phonological verbal fluency task
test de fluence phonémique
test de fluence verbale phonologique
tâche de fluence phonemique
Le sujet est invité à générer, en un temps donné, le plus grand nombre de mots commençant par une lettre précise (par exemple, la lettre F, puis la lettre A, puis la lettre S).
The subject is asked to generate the largest number of words beginning with a particular letter (e.g., F, then A, and then S) in a given amount of time.
phonemic verbal fluency test
test de fluence verbale phonémique

Frank Arnould
Martin, R. C., Shelton, J. R., & Yaffee, L. S. (1994). Language processing and working memory: Neuropsychological evidence for separate phonological and semantic capacities. Journal of Memory and Language, 33(1), 83–111. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1994.1005
2022-05-16
2023-09-04
Semantic working memory task. Word lists of two to seven items are presented. At the end of each list, the subject is asked to indicate whether a new word belongs to the same semantic category as a word in the list.
Tâche de mémoire de travail sémantique. Des listes de mots de deux à sept items sont présentées. À la fin de chaque liste, le sujet doit indiquer si un nouveau mot appartient à la même catégorie sémantique qu’un mot de la liste.
category probe task
tâche de sondage catégoriel

Frank Arnould
MacLeod, C. M. (1991). Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 109(2), 163–203. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.109.2.163
Stroop, R. J. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18(6), 643‑662. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054651
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Stroop color–word interference test
Stroop paradigm
Stroop task
color-word Stroop paradigm
color-word Stroop task
paradigme de Stroop
tâche de Stroop
A test of inhibitory capacity used as a measure of the central executive of working memory. Subjects are asked to name the color in which words are written, but the color of the words is sometimes different from the color they denote (e.g., the word "red" is written in green.) In this case, subjects tend to respond with the color denoted by the words. To pass this test, subjects have to inhibit the automatic reading of the words in order to name the color of the ink.
Épreuve permettant d'évaluer les capacités d'inhibition et utilisée comme mesure de l'administrateur central de la mémoire de travail. Les sujets doivent nommer la couleur dans laquelle sont écrits des mots de couleur, sachant que la couleur des mots est parfois différente de la couleur qu'ils désignent (par exemple, le mot « rouge » est écrit en vert). Dans ce cas, les sujets ont tendance à répondre par la couleur que désignent les mots. Pour réussir cette épreuve, il faut donc inhiber la lecture, qui est automatique, pour pouvoir nommer la couleur de l'encre.

Stroop colour–word interference test
colour-word Stroop paradigm
colour-word Stroop task
Stroop test
test de Stroop

Frank Arnould
Bopp, K. L., & Verhaeghen, P. (2018). Aging and n-back performance : A meta-analysis. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gby024
Jaeggi, S. M., Buschkuehl, M., Perrig, W. J., & Meier, B. (2010). The concurrent validity of the N-back task as a working memory measure. Memory, 18(4), 394‑412. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211003702171
Kane, M. J., Conway, A. R. A., Miura, T. K., & Colflesh, G. J. H. (2007). Working memory, attention control, and the n-back task : A question of construct validity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33(3), 615‑622. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.33.3.615
Kirchner, W. K. (1958). Age differences in short-term retention of rapidly changing information. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55(4), 352-358. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043688
Redick, T. S., & Lindsey, D. R. B. (2013). Complex span and n-back measures of working memory : A meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 20(6), 1102‑1113. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0453-9
Yaple, Z. A., Stevens, W. D., & Arsalidou, M. (2019). Meta-analyses of the n-back working memory task : FMRI evidence of age-related changes in prefrontal cortex involvement across the adult lifespan. NeuroImage, 196, 16‑31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.03.074
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
n-back lag task
"In the n-back task, individuals are asked to report whether or not the item currently presented matches the item that had been presented n items back." (Redick et Lindsey, 2013, p. 1103).
On présente des stimuli successifs au sujet (par exemple, M A V B) qui doit répondre quand un stimulus (par exemple, V) a déjà été présenté n positions auparavant (par exemple, 2 essais auparavant).

n-back task
tâche n-back

Frank Arnould
Barrouillet, P., & Camos, V. (2014). Working memory: Loss and reconstruction. Psychology Press.
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Dans le modèle TBRS de la mémoire de travail, système central assurant séquentiellement le maintien (par focalisation attentionnelle) et le traitement des représentations transitoires construites à partir d'informations provenant de systèmes périphériques sensoriels et de la mémoire déclarative à long terme.
In the TBRS model of working memory, a central system providing in a sequential manner the maintenance (by attentional focusing) and the processing of transitory representations built on information retrieved from peripheric systems and long-term declarative memory.
boucle exécutive
executive loop

Frank Arnould
Piccardi, L., Nori, R., Boccia, M., Barbetti, S., Verde, P., Guariglia, C., & Ferlazzo, F. (2015). A dedicated system for topographical working memory: Evidence from domain-specific interference tests. Experimental Brain Research, 233(8), 2489–2495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-015-4320-y
2020-06-16
2023-03-24
Mémoire de travail spécialisée dans le stockage temporaire et la manipulation des informations (localisation, direction, distance) acquises au cours de la navigation spatiale.
Working memory for temporary storing and manipulating information (location, direction, distance) acquired in the course of spatial navigation.
mémoire de travail topographique
topographical working memory

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A. (2000). The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory? Trends in cognitive sciences, 4(11), 417–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01538-2
Baddeley, A., Allen, R. J., & Hitch, G. J. (2010). Investigating the episodic buffer. Psychologica Belgica, 50(3–4), 223. https://doi.org/10.5334/pb-50-3-4-223
Quinette, P., Guillery-Girard, B., Hainselin, M., Laisney, M., Desgranges, B., & Eustache, F. (2013). Évaluation du buffer épisodique : deux épreuves testant les capacités d’association et de stockage d’informations verbales et spatiales. Revue de neuropsychologie, 5(1), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2013.0254
Twick, M., & Levy, D. A. (2021). Fractionating the episodic buffer. Brain and Cognition, 154, 105800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105800
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
buffer épisodique
Dans le modèle de la mémoire de travail de Baddeley, le tampon épisodique est un système temporaire et à capacité limitée de stockage d’informations multimodales. Il intervient dans l’intégration d’informations provenant des autres sous-systèmes de la mémoire de travail et de la mémoire à long terme, permettant ainsi de créer une représentation épisodique unifiée (Baddeley, 2000).
In Baddeley's model of working memory, the episodic buffer is a temporary system with a limited storage capacity for multimodal information. It is involved in integrating information from other subsystems of working memory and from long-term memory to create a unified episodic representation (Baddeley, 2000).

episodic buffer
tampon épisodique

Frank Arnould
Martin, L., Jaime, K., Ramos, F., & Robles, F. (2021). Declarative working memory : A bio-inspired cognitive architecture proposal. Cognitive Systems Research, 66, 30‑45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2020.10.014
Oberauer, K. (2009). Design for a working memory. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 51, p. 45‑100). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(09)51002-X
Oberauer, K. (2010). Declarative and procedural working memory: Common principles, common capacity limits? Psychologica Belgica, 50(3-4), 277-308. https://doi.org/10.5334/pb-50-3-4-277
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
"Declarative working memory is a sub-system for temporarily holding declarative representations available." (Oberauer, 2010, p. 280).
Sous-système de la mémoire de travail qui serait impliqué dans le maintien temporaire des informations disponibles pour être traitées.
declarative working memory
mémoire de travail déclarative

Frank Arnould
Logie, R. H. (1995). Visuo-spatial working memory. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
Sous-système du calepin visuo-spatial dont le rôle est le rafraîchissement et la manipulation des informations visuelles et spatiales du cache visuel (Loggie, 1995).
Subsystem of the visuo-spatial sketchpad for the refreshing and manipulation of the visual and spatial information stored in the visual cache (Loggie, 1995).
inner scribe
scribe interne

Frank Arnould
Stokes, M. G. (2015). ‘Activity-silent’ working memory in prefrontal cortex: A dynamic coding framework. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2015.05.004
Trübutschek, D., Marti, S., Ueberschär, H., & Dehaene, S. (2019). Probing the limits of activity-silent non-conscious working memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(28), 14358–14367. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820730116
2020-05-29
2023-03-14
Forme de mémoire de travail non consciente assurant le maintien à court terme d’informations sans activité nerveuse persistante dans le cerveau.
Non-conscious form of working memory for short-term maintenance of information without sustained neural activity in the brain.
activity-silent working memory
mémoire de travail à activité silencieuse

Frank Arnould
Meyer, M. L., & Lieberman, M. D. (2012). Social working memory: neurocognitive networks and directions for future research. Frontiers in Cognition, 3, 571. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00571 http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00571/full
2017-12-04
2018-04-11
Stockage temporaire et manipulation d'informations sociales.
Temporary storage and manipulation of social information.
mémoire de travail sociale
social working memory

Bays, P., & Kong, G. (2021, May 24). Transsaccadic integration relies on a limited memory resource. https://osf.io/v27y6/
Frank Arnould
Frost, A., Moussaoui, S., Kaur, J., Aziz, S., Fukuda, K., & Niemeier, M. (2021). Is the n-back task a measure of unstructured working memory capacity? Towards understanding its connection to other working memory tasks. Acta Psychologica, 219, 103398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103398
Frost, A., Tomou, G., Parikh, H., Kaur, J., Zivcevska, M., & Niemeier, M. (2019). Working memory in action : Inspecting the systematic and unsystematic errors of spatial memory across saccades. Experimental brain research, 237(11), 2939‑2956. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-019-05623-x
2021-08-23
2023-09-04
Mémoire temporaire permettant de conserver et traiter les informations visuelles pendant les saccades oculaires.
Temporary memory for storing and processing information across saccadic eye movements.
mémoire transsaccadique
transsaccadic memory

Frank Arnould
Oberauer, K. (2009). Design for a working memory. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 51, p. 45‑100). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(09)51002-X
Oberauer, K. (2010). Declarative and procedural working memory: Common principles, common capacity limits? Psychologica Belgica, 50(3-4), 277-308. https://doi.org/10.5334/pb-50-3-4-277
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
"Procedural working memory temporarily holds procedural representations available that govern the cognitive operations we carry out on the declarative representations." (Oberauer, 2010, p. 280).
« La mémoire de travail procédurale conserve temporairement les représentations procédurales disponibles qui contrôlent les opérations cognitives que nous effectuons sur les représentations déclaratives " (Oberauer, 2010, p. 280). » (Oberauer, 2010, p. 280).
mémoire de travail procédurale
procedural working memory

Frank Arnould
Ericsson, K. A., & Kintsch, W. (1995). Long-term working memory. Psychological Review, 102(2), 211–245. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.102.2.211
Guida, A., Tardieu, H., & Nicolas, S. (2009). Mémoire de travail à long terme : quelle est l'utilité de ce concept ? Emergence, concurrence et bilan de la théorie d'Ericsson et Kintsch (1995). L'Année Psychologique, 109(1), 83-122. https://doi.org/10.4074/S0003503309001043
Kintsch, W., Patel, V. L., & Ericsson, K. A. (1999). The role of long-term working memory in text comprehension. Psychologia, 42(4), 186–198.
2017-12-04
2023-09-04
La mémoire de travail est généralement considérée comme un système temporaire de stockage et de manipulation des informations à capacité limitée. Ericsson et Kintsch (1995) ont proposé d'ajouter à cette mémoire de travail à court terme une mémoire de travail à long terme. Celle-ci est conçue comme une partie de la mémoire à long terme. Elle n'a pas de capacité limitée, son contenu est récupérable directement, rapidement et automatiquement à partir d'indices dans la mémoire à court terme et est uniquement impliquée dans les domaines de connaissance familiers, les compétences expertes des sujets (jeu d'échecs, diagnostic médical, compréhension de textes...).
Working memory is generally considered as a temporary system for storing and manipulating information with limited capacity. Ericsson and Kintsch (1995) proposed adding long-term working memory to this short-term working memory. It is conceived as part of long-term memory. It has no limited capacity, its content is retrievable directly, quickly and automatically from cues in short-term memory and is only involved in familiar knowledge domains, expertise (chess game, medical diagnosis, reading comprehension, etc.).

long-term working memory
mémoire de travail à long terme

Frank Arnould
Gimenes, G., Pennequin, V., & Sorel, O. (2013). Division of the articulatory loop according to sensory modality using double dissociation. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 25(7), 808-815. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2013.823974.
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Sous-composant de la mémoire de travail spécialisé dans les mouvements corporels, distinct de la boucle phonologique, que certains auteurs proposent d’ajouter au modèle de Baddeley de la mémoire de travail, au moins pour les gestes sans signification et sans iconicité.
The subcomponent of working memory specialized in body movements, which is distinct from the phonological loop,and which some authors propose to add to the Baddeley's model of working memory, at least for meaningless gestures and movements without iconicity.
boucle gestuelle
gestural loop

Frank Arnould
Engle, R. W., & Kane, M. J. (2004). Executive attention, working memory capacity, and a two-factor theory of cognitive control. In B. H. Ross & B. H. (Eds.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, Vol. 44. (p. 145-199). New York : Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(03)44005-X
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Fonction de la mémoire de travail consistant à maintenir actifs et accessibles les buts d'une tâche cognitive en cours.
Working memory function consisting of keeping the goals of an ongoing cognitive task active and accessible.

goal maintenance
maintien du but

Frank Arnould
Hassin, R. R., Bargh, J. A., Engell, A. D., & McCulloch, K. C. (2009). Implicit working memory. Consciousness and cognition, 18(3), 665–678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2009.04.003
Magnussen, S. (2009). Implicit visual working memory. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 50(6), 535–542. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00783.x
2018-01-10
2018-04-11
Term used to specify the non-conscious aspects of working memory functioning.
Terme utilisé pour désigner les aspects non conscients du fonctionnement de la mémoire de travail.
implicit working memory
mémoire de travail implicite

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A. (2012). Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
mémoire phonologique
mémoire à court terme phonologique
phonological memory
phonological short-term memory
stock phonologique
Dans le modèle de Baddeley de la mémoire de travail, le registre phonologique est un composant de la boucle phonologique. Il est responsable du stockage temporaire, sous forme phonologique, des informations verbales. Sans rafraichissement, le déclin des traces dans le registre phonologique est très rapide. Le stockage phonologique serait automatique et direct quand le matériel verbal est présenté oralement. La mise en évidence du registre phonologique repose sur l'effet de similitude phonologique et sur l'effet du discours non écouté.
In Baddeley's model of working memory, the phonological store is a component of the phonological loop. It is responsible for the temporary storage of verbal information in a phonological form. Without mental refreshing, the traces in the phonological store deteriorate very quickly. Phonological storage is automatic and direct when verbal material is presented orally. The identification of the phonological store is based on the phonological similarity effect and the irrelevant speech effect.
phonological store
registre phonologique

Frank Arnould
Logie, R. H. (1995). Visuo-spatial working memory. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Sous-système du calepin visuo-spatial dont la fonction est le stockage passif et temporaire des informations visuelles. Le contenu du cache visuel est soumis à une détérioration rapide (sauf si les informations sont rafraîchies par le scribe interne) et aux interférences par de nouvelles informations (Logie, 1995).
Sub-system of the visuospatial sketchpad whose function is the passive and temporary storage of visual information. The content of the visual cache is subject to rapid deterioration (unless the information is refreshed by the internal scribe) and to interference with new information (Logie, 1995).
cache visuel
visual cache

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Chen, H., & Wyble, B. (2015). Amnesia for object attributes: Failure to report attended information that had just reached conscious awareness. Psychological Science, 26(2), 203-210. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614560648 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Chen, H., Swan, G., & Wyble, B. (2016). Prolonged focal attention without binding: Tracking a ball for half a minute without remembering its color. Cognition, 147, 144–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2015.11.014 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Tam, J., Mugno, M. K., O’Donnell, R. E., & Wyble, B. (2021). And like that, they were gone: A failure to remember recently attended unique faces. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(6), 2027–2034. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01965-2 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-04
amnesia for attended attributes
amnésie des attributs
Difficulty in remembering an attribute of a visual stimulus (e.g. color) during a surprise memory test even though the subject previously paid attention to this attribute to locate the stimulus among distractors.
Difficulté à se souvenir d'une caractéristique d'un stimulus visuel (par exemple sa couleur) au cours d'un test surprise de la mémoire alors même que le sujet a précédemment prêté attention à cette caractéristique pour localiser le stimulus parmi des distracteurs.
amnésie d'attribut
attribute amnesia

Frank Arnould
Donders, F. C. (1868/1969). On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychologica, 30, 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(69)90065-1
Donders, F.C. (1868/2001). La vitesse des actes psychiques. Psychologie et Histoire, 2, 188-204. https://sites.google.com/site/psychologieethistoire/DONDERS.HTM
2018-11-07
2023-04-19
temps de réaction discriminatif
Les sujets doivent répondre le plus rapidement possible (Go) à une certaine classe de stimuli, par exemple, en pressant une touche de clavier, et ne pas répondre à d'autres classes de stimuli (No Go).
Subjects are asked to respond as quickly as possible (Go) to a particular class of stimuli, for example by pressing a key on a keyboard, and not to respond to other classes of stimuli (No Go).
go/nogo task
tâche Go/No Go
tâche go/nogo
Go/No-Go task
tâche Go/No-Go

Frank Arnould
Horne, A., Zahn, R., Najera, O. I., & Martin, R. C. (2022). Semantic working memory predicts sentence comprehension performance: A case series approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.887586
Martin, R. C. (2021). The critical role of semantic working memory in language comprehension and production. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(4), 283–291. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721421995178
Martin, R. C., & He, T. (2004). Semantic short-term memory and its role in sentence processing : A replication. Brain and Language, 89(1), 76‑82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-934X
Martin, R. C., & Romani, C. (1994). Verbal working memory and sentence comprehension : A multiple-components view. Neuropsychology, 8(4), 506‑523. https://doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.8.4.506
Martin, R. C., Shelton, J. R., & Yaffee, L. S. (1994). Language processing and working memory: Neuropsychological evidence for separate phonological and semantic capacities. Journal of Memory and Language, 33(1), 83–111. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1994.1005
2018-09-27
2022-05-16
Martin, R. C., & He, T. (2004). Semantic short-term memory and its role in sentence processing : A replication. Brain and Language, 89(1), 76‑82. doi:10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00300-6
mémoire de travail sémantique
semantic working memory
Sous-composant de la mémoire de travail à capacité limitée permettant le stockage temporaire et le traitement du sens des mots. La mémoire à court terme sémantique jouerait notamment un rôle important dans la compréhension des phrases.
Sub-component of working memory with limited capacity for temporary storage and processing of the meaning of words. In particular, semantic short-term memory is thought to play an important role in sentence comprehension.
mémoire à court terme sémantique
semantic short-term memory

Kessler, Y. (2017, November 26). The role of working memory gating in task switching: A procedural version of the reference-back paradigm. https://osf.io/x69j8/
Frank Arnould
Boag, R. J., Stevenson, N., van Dooren, R., Trutti, A. C., Sjoerds, Z., & Forstmann, B. U. (2021). Cognitive control of working memory : A model-based approach. Brain Sciences, 11(6), 721. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060721
Chatham, C. H., & Badre, D. (2015). Multiple gates on working memory. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 1, 23‑31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2014.08.001
Kessler, Y. (2017). The role of working memory gating in task switching : A procedural version of the reference-back paradigm. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02260
Nir-Cohen, G., Kessler, Y., & Egner, T. (2020). Neural substrates of working memory updating. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 32(12), 2285–2302. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01625
2021-07-05
2023-09-04
accès à la mémoire de travail
gating
gating mechanism
working memory gating
Contrôle dynamique des entrées d'informations (ouverture et fermeture) en mémoire de travail.
Dynamic control of information input (gate opening and closing) in working memory.
« Lorsqu'elle est fermée, la porte empêche les nouvelles informations d'entrer dans la mémoire de travail, ce qui permet de maintenir son contenu dans un état stable face à des informations distrayantes ou non pertinentes. Lorsqu'elle est ouverte, la porte permet aux nouvelles informations d'entrer dans la mémoire de travail (et aux anciennes d'en sortir), ce qui permet à la mémoire de travail de rester à jour avec les informations pertinentes pour les objectifs du moment et les exigences de la tâche » (Boag et al. 2021).
“When closed, the gate prevents new information from entering WM [Working Memory], which allows its contents to be maintained in a stable state in the face of distracting or irrelevant information. When open, the gate allows new information into WM (and old information out), which allows WM to remain up to date with information relevant to current goals and task demands.“ (Boag et al., 2021).
gating process
processus de portillonnage

Frank Arnould
Öztekin, I., & McElree, B. (2010). Relationship between measures of working memory capacity and the time course of short-term memory retrieval and interference resolution. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36(2), 383–397. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018029
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
contrôle de l'interférence
interference control
En mémoire de travail, processus permettant d'atténuer les effets d'interférence entre représentations en sélectionnant celles qui sont pertinentes pour la réalisation d'une tâche cognitive.
In working memory, the process by which the effects of interference between representations are reduced by selecting those that are relevant to the performance of a cognitive task.

interference resolution
résolution de l'interférence

Frank Arnould
Nedergaard, J. S. K., Wallentin, M., & Lupyan, G. (2023). Verbal interference paradigms: A systematic review investigating the role of language in cognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 30(2), 464–488. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02144-7
Shah, P., & Miyake, A. (1996). The separability of working memory resources for spatial thinking and language processing: an individual differences approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 125(1), 4–27. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.125.1.4
2017-12-04
2023-04-29
An experimental paradigm in which a secondary task has to be performed at the same time as a primary task. The secondary task is a source of interference for the primary task when the two tasks involve the same type of information (e.g. verbal information). The secondary task will not interfere with the primary task if the two tasks involve different information (verbal information in one task and spatial information in the other). This paradigm was used to justify the dissociation between the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad in Baddeley's model of working memory.
Paradigme expérimental au cours duquel une tâche secondaire doit être réalisée en même temps qu'une tâche principale. La tâche secondaire est source d'interférence pour la tâche principale quand les deux tâches portent sur le même type d'informations (par exemple des informations verbales). Par contre, la tâche secondaire ne sera pas source d'interférence pour la tâche principale quand les deux tâches portent sur des informations différentes (informations verbales pour l'une et spatiales pour l'autre). Ce paradigme a été utilisé pour justifier la dissociation entre boucle phonologique et calepin visuo-spatial dans le modèle de Baddeley de la mémoire de travail.
paradigme d’interférence sélective
selective interference paradigm

Frank Arnould
Healy, A. F. (1974). Separating item from order information in short-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 13(6), 644-655. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(74)80052-6
2017-12-04
2022-05-18
serial reconstruction task
Short-term serial memory task. Subjects study a list of items (such as words) presented one after the other. Then, all the words are represented in random order and subjects are asked to reconstruct the initial presentation order.
Tâche de mémoire sérielle à court terme. Les sujets mémorisent une liste d'items (par exemple des mots), présentés l'un après l'autre. Puis, l'ensemble des mots sont représentés dans un ordre aléatoire et les sujets doivent reconstruire l'ordre initial de présentation.
serial order reconstruction task
tâche de reconstruction de l'ordre sériel

Frank Arnould
Sligte, I. G., Scholte, H. S., & Lamme, V. A. F. (2008). Are there multiple visual short-term memory stores? PLoS ONE, 3(2), e1699. http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001699
2017-12-04
2021-08-09
Forme intermédiaire de mémoire visuelle à court terme dont la durée de stockage des informations est supérieure à celle de la mémoire iconique et dont la capacité de stockage est supérieure à celle de la mémoire de travail visuelle.
Intermediate form of short-term visual memory. The information storage duration is greater than that of iconic memory and storage capacity is higher than that of visual working memory.
fragile visual short-term memory
mémoire visuelle à court terme fragile

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-03-29
A term borrowed from computer science to characterize one of the supposed functions of short-term memory, the temporary maintenance of information awaiting further processing.
Terme emprunté à l'informatique pour caractériser l'une des fonctions supposées de la mémoire à court terme, le maintien provisoire d'informations qui attendent un traitement ultérieur.
buffer memory
mémoire tampon

Frank Arnould
Hamilton, W. (1859). Lectures on metaphysics and logic. Boston : Gould. http://archive.org/details/lecturesonmet00hamiuoft
Horowitz, L. M., & Prytulak, L. S. (1969). Redintegrative memory. Psychological Review, 76(6), 519–531. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0028139
Norris, D., Kalm, K., & Hall, J. (2020). Chunking and redintegration in verbal short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 46(5), 872‑893. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000762
Schweickert, R. (1993). A multinomial processing tree model for degradation and redintegration in immediate recall. Memory & Cognition, 21(2), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03202729
Surprenant, A. M., & Neath, I. (2009). Principles of memory. Psychology Press.
2017-12-04
2021-10-18
Process to retrieve a memory from fragmented information.
Processus permettant de récupérer un souvenir à partir d'une information fragmentée, partielle.

redintegration
rédintégration

Frank Arnould
Morin, C., Brown, G. D. A., & Lewandowsky, S. (2010). Temporal isolation effects in recognition and serial recall. Memory & Cognition, 38(7), 849–859. https://doi.org/10.3758/MC.38.7.849
2018-10-15
2018-12-04
En mémoire à court terme, un item est mieux mémorisé s'il est isolé des autres items par des intervalles de temps plus longs.
In short-term memory, an item is better memorized if it is isolated from other items by longer time intervals.
effet d'isolement temporel
temporal isolation effect

Frank Arnould
Svoboda, E., McKinnon, M. C., & Levine, B. (2006). The functional neuroanatomy of autobiographical memory: a meta-analysis. Neuropsychologia, 44(12), 2189–2208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.05.023
2017-12-04
2023-04-20
autobiographical memory core network
réseau cœur de la mémoire autobiographique
A set of brain regions, mostly located in the left hemisphere, which are involved in retrieving autobiographical memories. The core network of autobiographical memory comprises the medial and ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex, the medial and lateral temporal cortex, the temporo-parietal junction, the retrosplenial/posterior cingular cortex and the cerebellum.
Ensemble de régions cérébrales, localisées majoritairement dans l'hémisphère gauche, impliquées dans la récupération de souvenirs autobiographiques. Le réseau cœur de la mémoire autobiographique comprend les cortex préfrontaux médian et ventrolatéral, les cortex temporaux médian et latéral, la jonction temporopariétale, le cortex cingulaire retrosplénial/postérieur et le cervelet.
réseau coeur de la mémoire autobiographique
autobiographical memory network
réseau de la mémoire autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Meeter, M., Murre, J.M.J. (2005). TraceLink : A model of consolidation and amnesia. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 22, 559-587. https://doi-org.insb.bib.cnrs.fr/10.1080/02643290442000194
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
Connectionist model of consolidation and amnesia "that implements an autonomous “off-line” consolidation process. The model consists of three subsystems: (1) a trace system (neocortex), (2) a link system (hippocampus and adjacent regions), and (3) a modulatory system (basal forebrain and other areas)." (Meeter et Murre, 2005, p. 559).
Modèle connexionniste de la consolidation et de l'amnésie (Meeter & Murre, 2005).
TraceLink model
modèle Tracelink

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Alberini, C. (Ed.). (2013). Memory reconsolidation. Academic Press. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Elsey, J. W. B., Van Ast, V. A., & Kindt, M. (2018). Human memory reconsolidation: A guiding framework and critical review of the evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 144(8), 797–848. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000152 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Gisquet-Verrier, P., & Riccio, D. C. (2018). Memory integration : An alternative to the consolidation/reconsolidation hypothesis. Progress in Neurobiology, 171, 15‑31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.10.002 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Hardt, O., Einarsson, E. Ö., & Nader, K. (2010). A bridge over troubled water: Reconsolidation as a link between cognitive and neuroscientific memory research traditions. Annual Review of Psychology, 61(1), 141–167. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100455 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Misanin, J. R., Miller, R. R., & Lewis, D. J. (1968). Retrograde amnesia produced by electroconvulsive shock after reactivation of a consolidated memory trace. Science, 160(3827), 554‑555. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.160.3827.554 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Nader, K., Schafe, G. E., & Le Doux, J. E. (2000). Fear memories require protein synthesis in the amygdala for reconsolidation after retrieval. Nature, 406(6797), 722‑726. https://doi.org/10.1038/35021052 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Parks, C. M., Mohawk, K. D., Werner, L. L. S., & Kiley, C. (2022). The time window of reconsolidation : A replication. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 29(5), 2008‑2013. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02102-3 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: open]
Schroyens, N., Beckers, T., & Luyten, L. (2023). Appraising reconsolidation theory and its empirical validation. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 30(2), 450–463. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02173-2 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-01

"retrieval of an existing memory trace can destabilize it, which in turn opens a time-dependent window during which the memory becomes malleable. The memory can then be altered, strengthened, or weakened" (Parks et al., 2022, p. 2008).
« La récupération d'une trace mnésique existante peut la déstabiliser, ce qui ouvre une fenêtre temporelle au cours de laquelle le souvenir devient malléable. Le souvenir peut alors être altéré, renforcé ou affaibli » (Parks et al., 2022, p. 2008).

reconsolidation
reconsolidation

Frank Arnould
Dudai, Y. (2004). The neurobiology of consolidations, or, how stable is the engram? Annual Review of Psychology, 55(1), 51-86. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142050
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
cellular consolidation
consolidation cellulaire
Changements moléculaires et cellulaires permettant un renforcement des synapses durant les minutes ou heures suivant l'encodage d'un souvenir.
Molecular and cellular changes for the strengthening of synapses during the few minutes or hours after the encoding of a memory.
consolidation synaptique
synaptic consolidation

Frank Arnould
Gisquet-Verrier, P., & Riccio, D. C. (2022). Revisiting systems consolidation and the concept of consolidation. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 132, 420–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.003
Moscovitch, M., & Gilboa, A. (2022). Has the concept of systems consolidation outlived its usefulness? Identification and evaluation of premises underlying systems consolidation. F1000Prime Rep, 11(33). https://facultyopinions.com/prime/reports/b/11/33/
Takehara-Nishiuchi, K. (2021). Neurobiology of systems memory consolidation. European Journal of Neuroscience, 54(8), 6850–6863. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14694
Takehara‐Nishiuchi, K. (2021). Neurobiology of systems memory consolidation. European Journal of Neuroscience, 54(8), 6850–6863. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14694
Tonegawa, S., Morrissey, M. D., & Kitamura, T. (2018). The role of engram cells in the systems consolidation of memory. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 19(8), 485–498. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-018-0031-2
Wiltgen, B. J., & Tanaka, K. Z. (2013). Systems consolidation and the content of memory. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 106, 365-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.06.001
Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. (2011). Memory transformation and systems consolidation. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 17(05), 766‑780. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617711000683
2017-12-04
2023-03-16
consolidation systémique
systems memory consolidation
Processus lent de consolidation, pouvant durer des semaines, des mois ou des années, au cours duquel des souvenirs dépendant de l'hippocampe sont transférés vers le néocortex.
Slow process of consolidation, which may take weeks, months or years, during which hippocampus-dependent memories are transferred to the neocortex.
consolidation des systèmes
systems consolidation

2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
Sporer, S. L. (2001). Recognizing faces of other ethnic groups: An integration of theories. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 7(1), 36–97. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.7.1.36 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
IOM
A model of the own-race bias according to which "1. When confronted with an in-group face, (the default), automatic processing commences with configural coding, characteristic of expert processing of a normal upright face. 2. In contrast, when confronted with an out-group face, perception of an out-group characterization cue triggers categorization before other, more typical face-processing strategies begin." (Sporer, 2001, p. 81).
Modèle du biais lié à l'ethnie d'appartenance dans la reconnaissance des visages selon lequel «  1. Confronté à un visage de l’endogroupe, (par défaut), un traitement automatique débute par un codage configural, caractéristique du traitement expert d’un visage normalement présenté à l’endroit. 2. En revanche, confronté à un visage de l’exogroupe, la perception d’un indice propre à l’exogroupe déclenche un processus de catégorisation avant que ne débutent d’autres stratégies plus typiques de traitement des visages. » (Sporer, 2001, p. 81).
in-group/outgroup model
modèle endogroupe/exogroupe

2022-09-09
Frank Arnould
Frosina, P., Logue, M., Book, A., Huizinga, T., Amos, S., & Stark, S. (2018). The effect of cognitive load on nonverbal behavior in the cognitive interview for suspects. Personality and Individual Differences, 130, 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.03.012 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Geiselman, R. E. (2012). The cognitive interview for suspects (CIS). American Journal of Forensic Psychology, 30, 5–20. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Logue, M., Book, A. S., Frosina, P., Huizinga, T., & Amos, S. (2015). Using reality monitoring to improve deception detection in the context of the cognitive interview for suspects. Law and Human Behavior, 39(4), 360–367. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000127 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Noc, M., Ginet, M., & Deslauriers-Varin, N. (2022). False confession in innocent suspects: A look at the cognitive interview for suspects. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-022-09543-5 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Noc, M., Ginet, M., & Deslauriers-Varin, N. (2022). The cognitive interview for suspects: A test with customs officers. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling. https://doi.org/10.1002/jip.1587 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-08-21
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
CIS
Adaptation de l’Entretien cognitif pour l’interrogatoire de suspects. Certaines consignes ont pour objectif d’augmenter la charge cognitive afin de faciliter la détection du mensonge. L’entretien comporte huit étapes (d’après Logue et al., 2015, p. 362) : (a) établissement d’un rapport de confiance avec le suspect ; (b) rappel initial de l’événement ; (c) restauration mentale du contexte de l’événement en le restituant dans l’ordre séquentiel ; (d) rappel supplémentaire ; (e) questions ouvertes ; (f) rappel de l’événement dans l’ordre inverse ; (g) contestation de l’histoire par l’enquêteur comme étant fausse ; (h) récit final de l’événement.
Adaptation of the Cognitive Interview for the interrogation of suspects. Some of the instructions are designed to increase the cognitive load in order to facilitate deception detection. The method has eight stages: "(a) rapport building, (b) initial recall of event, (c) reinstate the context of the event by drawing the event in sequential order, (d) additional recall, (e) follow-up questions (open ended), (f) recall of event in reverse order, (g) interviewer challenges the story as false, and (h) final recounting of event. In the last stage, the suspect is allowed to clarify or change any information they wish, before the final closure stage of the process." (Logue et al., 2015, p. 362).
Cognitive Interview for Suspects
Entretien cognitif pour suspects

Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261–288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261
Harris, C. B., & Berntsen, D. (2019). Direct and generative autobiographical memory retrieval : How different are they? Consciousness and Cognition, 74, 102793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2019.102793
Mace, J. H., Petersen, E. P., & Kruchten, E. A. (2021). Elucidating the mental processes underlying the direct retrieval of autobiographical memories. Consciousness and Cognition, 94, 103190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2021.103190
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-13
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
récupération spontanée
spontaneous retrieval
En mémoire autobiographique, « processus de récupération relativement rapide qui n'implique "aucun effort" [...] caractérisé par l'absence de stratégies de recherche manifestes et conscientes » (Mace et al., 2021, p. 2).
In autobiographical memory, "a relatively fast retrieval process that involves “no effort” [...] characterized as lacking overt, conscious search strategies" (Mace et al., 2021, p. 2).
direct retrieval
récupération directe

Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261–288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261
Mace, J. H., Petersen, E. P., & Kruchten, E. A. (2021). Elucidating the mental processes underlying the direct retrieval of autobiographical memories. Consciousness and Cognition, 94, 103190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2021.103190
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-21
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
"a long, protracted retrieval process where one exerts considerable effort to retrieve a past experience [...] involving the use of elaborate, conscious search strategies" (Mace et al., 2021, p. 2).
« un processus de récupération long et prolongé au cours duquel une personne déploie des efforts considérables pour retrouver une expérience passée [...] impliquant l'utilisation de stratégies de recherche élaborées et conscientes » (Mace et al., 2021, p. 2).
generative retrieval
récupération générative

Frank Arnould
Glenberg, A., & Fernandez, A. (1988). Evidence for auditory temporal distinctiveness: Modality effects in order and frequency judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14, 728–739. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.14.4.728
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Frequency judgment of the occurrence of an item in a list.
Jugement de la fréquence avec laquelle un item est apparu dans une liste.
frequency judgement
frequency judgments
judgement of frequency
judgements of frequency
judgments of frequency
jugements de fréquence
judgment of frequency
jugement de fréquence

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
Negative transfer occurs when a first learning impairs a second learning.
Un transfert négatif s’observe quand un premier apprentissage entrave un second apprentissage.

transferts négatifs
negative transfer
transfert négatif

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-13
Positive transfer occurs when a first learning facilitates a second learning.
Un transfert positif s’observe quand un premier apprentissage facilite un second apprentissage.
negative transfers
positive transfer
transfert positif

Frank Arnould
Mayes, A., Montaldi, D., & Migo, E. (2007). Associative memory and the medial temporal lobes. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11(3), 126-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2006.12.003
Moses, S. N., & Ryan, J. D. (2006). A comparison and evaluation of the predictions of relational and conjunctive accounts of hippocampal function. Hippocampus, 16(1), 43-65. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.20131
2017-12-04
2022-03-25
liage relationnel
mémoire relationnelle
relational binding
Memory of the associations between the independent elements constituting an event or a scene (relationship between objects, between an object and its context, etc.).
Mémoire des associations entre les éléments constituant un évènement ou une scène (relation entre les objets présents, entre un objet et son contexte...).
relational memory
souvenir relationnel

Frank Arnould
McGeoch, J.A. (1942). The psychology of human learning: An introduction. Longmans.
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
A mechanism used to explain the phenomenon of interference in memory, based on the idea of competition between memory traces. A cue fails to recover a memory because it is more strongly associated with another memory.
Mécanisme invoqué pour expliquer le phénomène d’interférence en mémoire. Il repose sur l’idée de compétition entre traces mnésiques. Un indice échoue à récupérer un souvenir parce qu’il est plus fortement associé à un autre souvenir.
associative blocking
blocage associatif

Frank Arnould
Brandt, J., & Bakker, A. (2018). Neuropsychological investigation of “the Amazing Memory Man.” Neuropsychology, 32(3), 304–316. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000410
Ericsson, K. A., & Chase, W. G. (1982). Exceptional Memory: Extraordinary feats of memory can be matched or surpassed by people with average memories that have been improved by training. American Scientist, 70(6), 607–615.
Luria, A. R. (1968). The mind of a mnemonist: A little book, about a vast memory (L. Solotaroff, Trans.). Basic Books.
Mecacci, L. (2013). Solomon V. Shereshevsky: The great Russian mnemonist. Cortex, 49(8), 2260–2263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2013.05.007
Ramon, M., Miellet, S., Dzieciol, A. M., Konrad, B. N., Dresler, M., & Caldara, R. (2016). Super-memorizers are not super-recognizers. PLOS ONE, 11(3), e0150972. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150972
Santangelo, V., Macrì, S., & Campolongo, P. (2022). Superior memory as a new perspective to tackle memory loss. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104828
Stålhammar, J., Nordlund, A., & Wallin, A. (2015). An example of exceptional practice effects in the verbal domain. Neurocase, 21(2), 162–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/13554794.2013.878727
2022-03-22
2023-09-04
athlète de la mémoire
memory athlete
memory champion
super memorizer
super mémorisateur
superior memorist
superior memorizer
A person with exceptional memory performance, usually through memory training and the use of memory aids.
Personne capable d’une performance mnésique exceptionnelle, généralement par l’entraînement de sa mémoire et par l’utilisation d’aides mnémotechniques.

Athlètes de la mémoire
memory athletes
mnemonists
super memorizers
super mémorisateurs
superior memorists
superior memorizers
mnemonist
mnémoniste

Frank Arnould
Ecker, U. K. H., Lewandowsky, S., & Oberauer, K. (2014). Removal of information from working memory: A specific updating process. Journal of Memory and Language, 74, 77–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2013.09.003
Lewis‐Peacock, J. A., Kessler, Y., & Oberauer, K. (2018). The removal of information from working memory. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1424(1), 33-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13714
2018-05-24
2023-03-21
Processus de mise à jour de la mémoire de travail consistant à éliminer une information devenue inutile.
Working memory updating process consisting of eliminating information that has become useless.
information removal
retrait d'une information

Frank Arnould
Schmidt, J. R. (2021). Apprentissage incident des associations simples de stimulus-réponse : revue de la recherche avec la tâche d’apprentissage de contingences couleur-mot: L’Année Psychologique, Vol. 121(2), 77‑127. https://doi.org/10.3917/anpsy1.212.0077
Schmidt, J. R., Augustinova, M., & De Houwer, J. (2018). Category learning in the color-word contingency learning paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(2), 658‑666. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1430-0
Schmidt, J. R., Crump, M. J. C., Cheesman, J., & Besner, D. (2007). Contingency learning without awareness : Evidence for implicit control. Consciousness and Cognition, 16(2), 421‑435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2006.06.010
2021-06-09
2023-09-04
Implicit learning task. "In the typical color-word contingency learning paradigm, participants respond to the print color of words where each word is presented most often in one color. Learning is indicated by faster and more accurate responses when a word is presented in its usual color, relative to another color." (Schmidt et al., 2018, p. 658).
Tâche d'apprentissage implicite. « Dans cette procédure, un mot coloré est présenté à chaque essai aux participants. La tâche de ces derniers est d’ignorer le mot lui-même et de répondre à la couleur avec laquelle le mot est imprimé. Cela ressemble à une tâche de Stroop [...], sauf que les mots distracteurs ne sont en rien liés à la couleur (p. ex., des mots comme « bouge », « envoie » et « dis »). Point crucial, chaque mot est présenté le plus souvent dans une seule couleur (p. ex., « bouge » le plus souvent en bleu et rarement en vert ou en rouge, « envoie » le plus souvent en vert, etc.) [...] Ainsi, bien que les mots ne soient pas pertinents, ils sont informatifs de la couleur cible probable (et de la réponse). Ces contingences sont apprises comme l’indiquent des réponses plus rapides et plus précises aux stimuli de forte contingence (p. ex., « bouge » en bleu) par rapport aux stimuli de faible contingence (p. ex., « bouge » en rouge). » (Schmidt, 2021, p. 79-80)
colour-word contingency learning task
color-word contingency learning task
tâche d’apprentissage de contingence couleur-mot

Frank Arnould
Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
2022-01-26
2023-09-04
variable interval reinforcement schedule
variable interval schedule
An interval schedule of reinforcement in which a behavior is reinforced based on the average time since it was last reinforced.
Programme de renforcement à intervalle temporel au cours duquel un comportement est renforcé en fonction du temps moyen écoulé depuis le dernier renforcement.
programme de renforcement à intervalle variable
variable interval schedule of reinforcement

Frank Arnould
Blancheteau, M. (1995). L’apprentissage chez l’animal. Mardaga.
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
2022-02-01
2023-09-04
programme de renforcement fractionné
programme à rapport
ratio reinforcement schedule
Programmes de renforcement qui « subordonnent la récompense d’une réponse à l’émission préalable d’un certain nombre de réponses non récompensées. » (Blancheteau, 1995, p. 68).
Schedules of reinforcement that "condition the reward of a response on the prior delivery of a number of unrewarded responses." (Blancheteau, 1995, p. 68).
programmes de renforcement fractionné
ratio reinforcement schedules
ratio schedules of reinforcement
programme de renforcement à rapport
ratio schedule of reinforcement

Frank Arnould
Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
2022-02-01
2023-09-04
programme de renforcement fractionné variable
programme à rapport variable
variable-ratio schedule
Programme de renforcement fractionné dans lequel le renforcement est délivré après un nombre variable de réponses fluctuant autour d’une moyenne.
Ratio schedule of reinforcement n which reinforcement is delivered after a variable number of responses fluctuating around an average.
programme de renforcement à rapport variable
variable ratio schedule of reinforcement

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Schoenfeld, W. N., & Cole, B. K. (1975). What is a “schedule of reinforcement”? The Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science, 10(1), 52‑61. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03000622
Staddon, J. E. R., & Cerutti, D. T. (2003). Operant conditioning. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 115‑144. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145124
2022-01-25
2023-09-04
reinforcement schedule
« Un programme de renforcement est une procédure qui délivre un renforcement à un organisme selon une règle bien déﬁnie. » (Staddon & Cerutti, 2003, p. 116).
“A reinforcement schedule is any procedure that delivers a reinforcer to an organism according to some well-deﬁned rule.“ (Staddon & Cerutti, 2003, p. 116).
programmes de renforcement
reinforcement schedules
schedules of reinforcement
programme de renforcement
schedule of reinforcement

Frank Arnould
Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
2022-01-26
2023-09-04
interval reinforcement schedule
A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is delivered to a behavior after a certain time interval.
Programme de renforcement dans lequel le renforcement est délivré à un comportement après un certain intervalle de temps.
interval reinforcement schedules
interval schedules of reinforcement
programmes de renforcement à intervalle
interval schedule of reinforcement
programme de renforcement à intervalle

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
2022-02-04
2023-09-04
intermittent reinforcement schedule
partial reinforcement schedule
partial schedule of reinforcement
programme de renforcement partiel
Programmes de renforcement qui ne renforcent qu'une partie des réponses émises par le sujet (Doré & Mercier, 1993, p. 195).
Reinforcement schedules that reinforce only some of the responses given by the subject (Doré & Mercier, 1993, p. 195).
intermittent reinforcement schedules
intermittent schedules of reinforcement
partial reinforcement schedules
partial schedules of reinforcement
programmes de renforcement interrmittent
programmes de renforcement partiel
intermittent schedule of reinforcement
programme de renforcement intermittent

Frank Arnould
Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
2022-01-26
2023-09-04
continuous reinforcement schedule
A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is delivered each time a specific behavior is produced.
Programme de renforcement dans lequel le renforcement est délivré chaque fois qu’un comportement spécifique est produit.
continuous schedule of reinforcement
programme de renforcement continu

Frank Arnould
Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
2022-01-26
2023-09-04
fixed interval reinforcement schedule
fixed interval schedule
An interval schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is delivered to a behavior after a fixed time interval.
Programme de renforcement à intervalle temporel dans lequel le renforcement est délivré à un comportement après un intervalle de temps fixe.
fixed interval schedule of reinforcement
programme de renforcement à intervalle fixe

Frank Arnould
Ferster, C. B., & Skinner, B. F. (1957). Schedules of reinforcement. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
2022-02-01
2023-09-04
fixed-ratio schedule
programme de renforcement fractionné fixe
programme à rapport fixe
Programme de renforcement fractionné au cours duquel le renforcement est délivré après un nombre fixe de réponses.
Ratio schedule of reinforcement in which the reinforcement is delivered after a fixed number of responses.
fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement
programme de renforcement à rapport fixe

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-03-16
Task during which the subject learns the skill to read mirror words.
Tâche durant laquelle le sujet apprend à lire des mots en miroir.
mirror learning
tâche de lecture en miroir

Frank Arnould
McDonough, L., Mandler, J. M., McKee, R. D., & Squire, L. R. (1995). The deferred imitation task as a nonverbal measure of declarative memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 92(16), 7580–7584. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.92.16.7580
Meltzoff, A. N. (2013). Infant imitation and memory: Nine-month-olds in immediate and deferred tests. 13.
Piaget, J. (1936). La naissance de l'intelligence chez l'enfant. Delachaux & Nestlé.
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
deferred imitation
imitation différée
Method for studying infant memory. The experimenter performs an action and analyzes the infant's ability to reproduce the action after a delay.
Méthode d'étude de la mémoire chez le nourrisson. L'expérimentateur effectue une action et analyse l'aptitude du bébé à la reproduire après un délai.

deferred imitation tasks
deferred imitations
imitations différées
tâches d'imitation différée
deferred imitation task
tâche d'imitation différée

Kękuś, M., Polczyk, R., Ito, H., Mori, K., & Barzykowski, K. (2021). Is your memory better than mine? Investigating the mechanisms and determinants of the memory conformity effect using a modified MORI technique. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(6), 1621–1630. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3879
Mori, K., Ito, H., Lindsay, D. S., Luna, K., & Barzykowski, K. (2023, January 18). International Project for Assessing the Average Ratios of Conformity Frequencies among Co-witness Pairs by Utilizing the Standardized MORI Experimental Procedure. https://osf.io/j5f82
2023-06-19
Frank Arnould
Cadavid, S., & Luna, K. (2021). Online co‐witness discussions also lead to eyewitness memory distortion: The MORI‐v technique. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(3), 621–631. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3785 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
French, L., Gerrie, M. P., Garry, M., & Mori, K. (2009). Evidence for the efficacy of the MORI technique: Viewers do not notice or implicitly remember details from the alternate movie version. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1224–1232. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1224 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Garry, M., French, L., Kinzett, T., & Mori, K. (2008). Eyewitness memory following discussion : Using the MORI technique with a Western sample. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 22(4), 431‑439. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1376 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Ito, H., Barzykowski, K., Grzesik, M., Gülgöz, S., Gürdere, C., Janssen, S. M. J., Khor, J., Rowthorn, H., Wade, K. A., Luna, K., Albuquerque, P. B., Kumar, D., Singh, A. D., Cecconello, W. W., Cadavid, S., Laird, N. C., Baldassari, M. J., Lindsay, D. S., & Mori, K. (2019). Eyewitness memory distortion following co-witness discussion : A replication of Garry, French, Kinzett, and Mori (2008) in ten countries. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(1), 68‑77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2018.09.004 [Document type: empirical study, replication / Access: closed]
Kękuś, M., Chylińska, K., Szpitalak, M., Polczyk, R., Ito, H., Mori, K., & Barzykowski, K. (2023). Reinforced self-affirmation as a method for reducing eyewitness memory conformity: An experimental examination using a modified MORI technique. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 37(3), 660–674. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4065 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Mori, K. (2003). Surreptitiously projecting different movies to two subsets of viewers. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 35(4), 599–604. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03195539 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Mori, K. (2007). A revised method for projecting two different movies to two groups of viewers without their noticing the duality. Behavior Research Methods, 39(3), 574–578. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193028 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-06-19
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
MORI procedure
procédure MORI
A technique for studying social influences on memory. “The technique allows people to watch different movies on the same screen at the same time without realizing that each of them sees something different. As a result, researchers can create a situation in which people feel as though they share an experience, but systematic differences are introduced into their memories, and the effect of those differences can be tracked through a discussion.” (French et al., 2009, p. 1224).
Technique permettant d'étudier les influences sociales sur la mémoire. « Cette technique permet à des personnes de regarder simultanément des films différents sur le même écran sans se rendre compte que chacun d'entre eux voit quelque chose de distinct. Les chercheurs peuvent ainsi créer une situation dans laquelle les personnes ont l'impression de partager une expérience, mais des différences systématiques sont introduites dans leurs souvenirs, et l'effet de ces différences peut être suivi par le biais d'une discussion. » (French et al., 2009, p. 1224).
MORI technique
technique MORI

Brown, N. R. (2005). On the prevalence of event clusters in autobiographical memory. Social Cognition, 23(1), 35–69. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.23.1.35.59194
Brown, N. R., & Schopflocher, D. (1998). Event clusters: An organization of personal events in autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 9(6), 470–475. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00087
Brown, N. R., & Schopflocher, D. (1998). Event cueing, event clusters, and the temporal distribution of autobiographical memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 12(4), 305–319. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199808)12:4<305::AID-ACP569>3.0.CO;2-5
2023-07-28
Frank Arnould
2023-07-28
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
event-cueing method
event-cueing procedure
event-cueing task
event-cueing technique
A method for studying the organization of autobiographical memory, particularly the embedding of a memory in an event cluster. The task involves asking participants to generate autobiographical memories from cue words (e.g., food, music, restaurant). These memories are then used as cues to recall other related memories. Participants are then asked to indicate the type of relationship between the cueing memory and the cued memory it elicited (e.g., do they involve the same person or persons? Is one event the cause of the other?) Finally, they are asked to put a date on each autobiographical memory and indicate its personal significance.
Méthode d’étude de l’organisation de la mémoire autobiographique, tout particulièrement l’imbrication d’un souvenir dans un groupement d’événements (event cluster). La tâche consiste à demander aux participants de générer des souvenirs autobiographiques à partir de mots servant d’indice (par exemple, nourriture, musique, restaurant). Ces souvenirs servent ensuite d’indice pour rappeler d’autres souvenirs qui leur sont liés. Les participants doivent alors indiquer les types de relation qu’entretiennent le souvenir indice et le souvenir qu’il a suscité (par exemple, impliquent-ils la ou les mêmes personne(s) ? L’un des événements est-il la cause de l’autre ?). Ils doivent enfin dater chaque souvenir autobiographique et indiquer son importance personnelle.
event-cueing paradigm
paradigme d'indiçage événementiel

2023-06-27
Frank Arnould
Corson, Y., & Verrier, N. (2013). Les faux souvenirs. De Boeck. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Gudjonsson, G. H. (1984). A new scale of interrogative suggestibility. Personality and Individual Differences, 5(3), 303–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(84)90069-2 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Kassin, S. M., & Gudjonsson, G. H. (2004). The psychology of confessions: A review of the literature and issues. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 5(2), 33–67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-1006.2004.00016.x [Document type: literature review / Access: free]
2023-07-21
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
GSS
GSS
GSS1
GSS1
GSS2
GSS2
A study method of interrogative suggestibility.
Méthode d’étude de la sensibilité aux suggestions pendant un interrogatoire.
"The Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale (Gudjonsson, 1984) is a memory-related instrument that assesses individual differences in interrogative suggestibility (there are two parallel forms, GSS 1 and GSS 2). This test involves reading a narrative paragraph to a subject, who then recalls the story, immediately and after a brief delay, and answers 20 memory questions including 15 that are subtly misleading. After receiving feedback indicating that he or she made several errors, the subject is retested, presumably for the purpose of obtaining a higher level of accuracy. Through this test-retest paradigm, researchers can measure the extent to which subjects exhibit a general shift in memory, as well as a tendency to yield to misleading questions in the first and second tests. Added together, these two scores are used to determine a subject’s Total Suggestibility" (Kassin et Gudjonsson, 2004, p. 19).
La procédure utilisée dans l’Échelle de suggestibilité des Gudjonsson est la suivante : « Dans un premier temps, un court récit est lu aux participants qui doivent par la suite répondre à vingt questions, dont quinze sont suggestives. Ces questions permettent de calculer un score d'acquiescement (yield) à des questions trompeuses. Les sujets reçoivent ensuite un feed-back négatif à propos de leurs performances (« Vous avez commis des erreurs, je vais donc vous reposer les questions ») et les questions leur sont donc soumises de nouveau. Ici, c'est le nombre de changements de réponse entre les deux passations qui permet de calculer un score (shift). Les deux scores sont finalement additionnés afin d'obtenir un score final de suggestibilité interrogative. » (Corson & Verrier, 2013, p. 31).

Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale
Échelle de suggestibilité de Gudjonsson

Barzykowski, K., & Niedźwieńska, A. (2016). The effects of instruction on the frequency and characteristics of involuntary autobiographical memories. PLOS ONE, 11(6), e0157121. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157121
Barzykowski, K., & Staugaard, S. R. (2016). Does retrieval intentionality really matter? Similarities and differences between involuntary memories and directly and generatively retrieved voluntary memories. British Journal of Psychology, 107(3), 519‑536. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12160
Schlagman, S., & Kvavilashvili, L. (2008). Involuntary autobiographical memories in and outside the laboratory : How different are they from voluntary autobiographical memories? Memory & Cognition, 36(5), 920‑932. https://doi.org/10.3758/MC.36.5.920
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-07-27
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
IMP
tâche de vigilance
viligance task
A method for the study of involuntary memories. During a monotonous vigilance task (detecting the appearance of vertical lines among horizontal lines), subjects are asked to write down involuntary autobiographical memories that come to mind. During the vigilance task, participants are asked to ignore phrases (e.g., "going on holiday," "buttering bread") that are presented on the computer screen but are likely to trigger involuntary memories.
Méthode d’étude des souvenirs involontaires. Au cours d’une tâche de vigilance monotone (détecter l’apparition de lignes verticales parmi des lignes horizontales), les sujets sont invités à noter les souvenirs autobiographiques involontaires qui leur viennent à l’esprit. Pendant la tâche de vigilance, les participants doivent ignorer des phrases (par exemple, « partir en vacances », « beurrer du pain ») présentées à l’écran, mais susceptibles de déclencher des souvenirs involontaires.
Involuntary Memories Program
programme des souvenirs involontaires

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
2018-09-13
2023-03-23
En conditionnement classique, procédure consistant à présenter le stimulus conditionnel avant le stimulus inconditionnel.
In classical conditioning, the procedure consisting of presenting the conditioned stimulus before the unconditioned stimulus.
conditionnement antérograde
forward conditioning

Frank Arnould
Tulving, E. (1985). How many memory systems are there? American psychologist, 40(4), 385‑398. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.40.4.385
2017-12-04
2023-03-24
On parle d'indépendance stochastique lorsque l'on peut montrer que la performance pour un item dans une tâche de mémoire est différente de la performance pour ce même item dans une autre tâche de mémoire (c.-à-d., la performance à la tâche 1 ne prédit pas la performance à la tâche 2.) L'indépendance stochastique est utilisée comme argument de dissociations entre différents systèmes de mémoire.
Stochastic independence is when it can be shown that performance on an item in one memory task is different from performance on the same item in another memory task (i.e., performance on task 1 does not predict performance on task 2.) Stochastic independence is used as an argument for dissociating different memory systems.
indépendance stochastique
stochastic independence

Frank Arnould
Rundus, D. (1971). Analysis of rehearsal processes in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 89(1), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031185
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
A method developed by Rundus (1971) to study how subjects mentally rehearse items they are learning by asking them to memorize aloud the items on a list presented one after the other.
Méthode mise au point par Rundus (1971) pour étudier la manière dont les sujets répètent mentalement les éléments qu'ils sont en train de mémoriser. Elle consiste à leur demander de mémoriser à voix haute les items de la liste qui leur sont présentés l'un après l'autre.
overt-repetition technique
technique de répétition à voix haute

Frank Arnould
Stromeyer, C. F., & Psotka, J. (1970). The detailed texture of eidetic images. Nature, 225(5230), 346-349. https://doi.org/10.1038/225346a0
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
A method of studying visual memory. Two visual stimuli are presented successively. Individually, each stimulus has no meaning. However, if combined, they represent a recognizable object. The experimenter asks the subject to superimpose the first stimulus on the second during its presentation. The memory of the first stimulus is confirmed if the subject recognizes the object after the fusion of the two stimuli.
Méthode d'étude de la mémoire visuelle. Deux stimuli visuels sont présentés successivement. Isolément, chaque stimulus n'a pas de signification. Par contre, s'ils sont combinés, ils représentent un objet reconnaissable. L'expérimentateur demande au sujet de superposer le premier stimulus sur le second pendant sa présentation. La mémoire du premier stimulus est confirmée si le sujet reconnait l'objet après fusion des deux stimuli.
fusion method
méthode de fusion

Frank Arnould
Richardson-Klavehn, A., & Bjork, R. A. (1988). Measures of memory. Annual review of psychology, 39(1), 475–543. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.39.020188.002355
2017-12-04
2023-04-03
Dans un test indirect de la mémoire, l'influence d'une tâche cognitive sur la mémoire est évaluée indirectement, sans référence à des événements passés dans les instructions.
In indirect tests of memory, the influence of a cognitive task on memory is assessed indirectly, without reference to past events in instructions. These tests concern implicit memory.

indirect tests of memory
tests indirects de la mémoire
indirect test of memory
test indirect de la mémoire

Bergstrom, Z. M., & Hu, X. (2019, August 28). Imagining a false alibi impairs concealed memory detection with the autobiographical Implicit Association Test. https://osf.io/wumdy
Hu, X., & Bergstrom, Z. M. (2019, November 8). Suppressing Unwanted Autobiographical Memories Reduces Their Automatic Influences: Evidence from Electrophysiology and an Implicit Autobiographical Memory Test. https://osf.io/ptmqx
Marsh, R., Dorahy, M. J., Verschuere, B., & Huntjens, R. (2018, September 6). Transfer of episodic autobiographical memory across amnesic identities in Dissociative Identity Disorder using the Autobiographical Implicit Association Test. https://osf.io/c6g7d
Verschuere, B., & Kleinberg, B. (2016, September 17). Assessing autobiographical memory: The web-based autobiographical Implicit Association Test (web-aIAT). Retrieved fromhttps://osf.io/swp27
Frank Arnould
2021-11-15
Agosta, S., & Sartori, G. (2013). The autobiographical IAT : A review. Frontiers in Cognitive Science, 4, 519. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00519 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition : The implicit association test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(6), 1464‑1480. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Sartori, G., Agosta, S., Zogmaister, C., Ferrara, S. D., & Castiello, U. (2008). How to accurately detect autobiographical events. Psychological Science, 19(8), 772–780. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02156.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Takarangi, M. K. T., Strange, D., Shortland, A. E., & James, H. E. (2013). Source confusion influences the effectiveness of the autobiographical IAT. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 20(6), 1232‑1238. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0430-3 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Takarangi, M. K. T., Strange, D., & Houghton, E. (2015). Event familiarity influences memory detection using the aIAT. Memory, 23(3), 453‑461. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2014.902467 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Verschuere, B., Prati, V., & De Houwer, J. (2009). Cheating the lie detector : Faking in the autobiographical Implicit Association Test. Psychological Science, 20(4), 410‑413. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02308.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Verschuere, B., & Kleinberg, B. (2017). Assessing autobiographical memory : The web-based autobiographical Implicit Association Test. Memory, 25(4), 520‑530. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2016.1189941 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-04
aIAT
autobiographical IAT
Adaptation du Test d’association implicite de Greenwald et al. (1998), qui permettrait de détecter, à partir de mesures implicites (temps de réaction), la véracité de souvenirs autobiographiques.
Adaptation of Greenwald et al's (1998) Implicit Association Test, used to detect the veracity of autobiographical memories from implicit measures (reaction times).
Autobiographical Implicit Association Test
Test d’association implicite autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Tulving, E. (1985). How many memory systems are there? American psychologist, 40(4), 385‑398. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.40.4.385
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
dissociation fonctionnelle
functional dissociation
Functional independence is when it can be shown that one variable affects one memory task but not another. Functional independence is used as an argument for the existence of separate memory systems.
On parle d'indépendance fonctionnelle lorsque l'on peut montrer qu'une variable affecte une tâche de mémoire, mais pas une autre. L'indépendance fonctionnelle est utilisée comme argument de l'existence de systèmes de mémoire distincts.
dissociations fonctionnelles
functional dissociations
indépendances fonctionnelles
functional independence
indépendance fonctionnelle

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
2018-09-05
2023-04-03
Procedure in classical conditioning in which the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus, of equal duration, are presented at the same time.
Procédure de conditionnement classique au cours de laquelle le stimulus conditionnel et le stimulus inconditionnel, d'une durée équivalente, sont présentés en même temps.
conditionnement simultané
simultaneous conditioning

Frank Arnould
2018-12-03
2023-03-24
entrevue
interview
A conversation to collect specific information from an individual.
Conversation destinée à recueillir des informations précises auprès d'une personne.

entretiens
entrevues
interviews
interviews
entretien
interview

Frank Arnould
Rescorla, R. A. (1980). Pavlovian second-order conditioning. Psychology Press. ​
2018-10-01
2023-03-15
conditionnement d'ordre supérieur
higher-order conditioning
A classical conditioning procedure in which a conditioned stimulus (e.g. a sound) is initially capable of producing a conditioned response (e.g. salivation of a dog) after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus (food). Then, the first conditioned stimulus is paired with a neutral stimulus (for example, the sound is associated with the presentation of a light). Second order conditioning is established if this second stimulus then elicits the conditioned response (salivation).
Procédure de conditionnement classique durant laquelle, dans un premier temps, un stimulus conditionnel (par exemple, un son) est capable de produire une réponse conditionnée (par exemple, la salivation d'un chien) après avoir été couplé à un stimulus inconditionnel (de la nourriture). Puis, le premier stimulus conditionnel est couplé à un stimulus neutre (par exemple, le son est associé à la présentation d'une lumière). Le conditionnement de second ordre est établi si ce second stimulus déclenche ensuite la réponse conditionnée (salivation).

conditionnements d'ordre supérieur
conditionnements de second ordre
conditionnement de second ordre
second-order conditioning

Frank Arnould
2018-05-25
2023-04-03
tâche tampon
A task placed between the acquisition phase and the test phase of memory, for example, to prevent subjects from mentally rehearsing material that has been studied.
Tâche insérée entre la phase d’acquisition et la phase de test de la mémoire, par exemple, pour empêcher les sujets de répéter mentalement le matériel qui a été étudié.
distractor tasks
tâches distractrices
tâches tampon
distractor task
tâche distractrice

Frank Arnould
Donders, F. C. (1868/1969). On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychologica, 30, 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(69)90065-1
Donders, F.C. (1868/2001). La vitesse des actes psychiques. Psychologie et Histoire, 2, 188-204. https://sites.google.com/site/psychologieethistoire/DONDERS.HTM
Smith, E. E. (1968). Choice reaction time: An analysis of the major theoretical positions. Psychological Bulletin, 69(2), 77–110. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0020189
2018-11-07
2023-03-23
complex reaction time
compound reaction time
temps de réaction complexe
Dans une tâche de temps de réaction de choix, le sujet doit répondre différemment et le plus rapidement possible à différentes classes de stimuli (par exemple, appuyer sur la touche W d’un clavier pour les stimuli rouges et sur la touche X pour les stimuli verts).
In a choice reaction time task, the subject is asked to respond differently and as quickly as possible to different classes of stimuli (e.g., by pressing the W key on a keyboard for red stimuli and the X key for green stimuli).
choice reaction time
temps réaction de choix
choice reaction time task
tâche de temps de réaction de choix

Frank Arnould
Berntsen, D. (1996). Involuntary autobiographical memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10(5), 435–454. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(199610)10:5%3C435::AID-ACP408%3E3.0.CO;2-L
2019-05-13
2022-02-21
Le sujet est invité à consigner dans un journal personnel les souvenirs autobiographiques involontaires qui lui viennent à l'esprit.
The subject is asked to record in a diary the involuntary autobiographical memories that come to mind.
involuntary memory diary method ​
méthode du journal des souvenirs involontaires ​

Frank Arnould
Bliss, J. C., Crane, H. D., Mansfield, P. K., & Townsend, J. T. (1966). Information available In brief tactile presentations. Perception & Psychophysics, 1(4), 273–283. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03207391
Darwin, C. J., Turvey, M. T., & Crowder, R. G. (1972). An auditory analogue of the Sperling partial report procedure: Evidence for brief auditory storage. Cognitive Psychology, 3(2), 255-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(72)90007-2
Sperling, G. (1960). The information available in brief visual presentations. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 74(11), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0093759
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
Sperling's paradigm
paradigme de Sperling
partial report procedure
procédure de report partiel
report partiel
Dans les études sur la mémoire sensorielle, technique demandant au sujet de rapporter une partie des informations qui ont été présentées.
In sensory memory studies, a technique in which the subject is asked to report a subset of the items that were presented.
Dans les expériences de Sperling (1960) sur la mémoire iconique, trois lignes de quatre lettres sont présentées brièvement au sujet qui doit ensuite rapporter soit la première, soit la deuxième, soit la troisième ligne en fonction d'un indice sonore (un son aigu pour la première ligne, un son médian pour la deuxième ligne et un son grave pour la troisième ligne). Cette méthode a permis de montrer que la mémoire iconique contient plus d'éléments que ne le laissait supposer le rapport complet des items.
In Sperling's (1960) experiments on iconic memory, three lines of four letters were briefly presented to the subject who was then asked to report either the first, second, or third line according to a sound cue (a high-pitched sound for the first line, a mid-pitched sound for the second line, and a low-pitched sound for the third line). This method showed that iconic memory contains more items than the whole report of the items would suggest.
partial report task
tâche de rapport partiel

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
2018-09-10
2023-04-03
backward pairing
conditionnement rétrograde
A procedure in classical conditioning consisting of presenting the unconditioned stimulus before the conditioned stimulus.
Procédure de conditionnement classique consistant à présenter le stimulus inconditionnel avant le stimulus conditionnel.
conditionnements rétroactifs
conditionnements rétrogrades
backward conditioning ​
conditionnement rétroactif ​

Frank Arnould
Donders, F. C. (1868/1969). On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychologica, 30, 412–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(69)90065-1
Donders, F.C. (1868/2001). La vitesse des actes psychiques. Psychologie et Histoire, 2, 188-204. https://sites.google.com/site/psychologieethistoire/DONDERS.HTM
2018-11-07
2022-05-18
Dans une tâche de temps de réaction simple, le sujet doit répondre le plus rapidement possible à une classe de stimuli (par exemple, en appuyant sur une touche d’un clavier à l’apparition d’un son).
In a simple reaction time task, the subject is asked to respond as quickly as possible to a class of stimuli (for example, by pressing a key on a keyboard when a sound appears).
simple reaction time
simple reaction time tasks
simple reaction times
temps de réaction simple
tâches de temps de réaction simple
simple reaction time task
tâche de temps de réaction simple

2023-06-22
Frank Arnould
Frowd, C. D., Bruce, V., Smith, A. J., & Hancock, P. J. B. (2008). Improving the quality of facial composites using a holistic cognitive interview. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 14(3), 276–287. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.14.3.276 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Frowd, C.D., Nelson, L., Skelton, F., Noyce, R., Atkins, R., Heard, P., Morgan, D., Fields, S., Henry, J., McIntyre, A., & Hancock, P. J. B. (2012). Interviewing techniques for darwinian facial-composite systems. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 26(4), 576–584. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2829 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-07-21
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
H-CI
holistic-CI
Adaptation de l'entretien cognitif pour faciliter la description des personnes afin d'améliorer la qualité des portraits-robots. Aux consignes habituelles de l'entretien cognitif sont ajoutés des jugements sur la personnalité de l'individu décrit, encourageant le traitement holistique du visage.
Adaptation of the Cognitive Interview to facilitate the description of persons in order to improve the quality of facial composites. Judgements about the personality of the person being described are added to the usual cognitive interview instructions, to encourage holistic processing of the face.
Entretien cognitif holistique
Holistic Cognitive Interview

Kucina, T., Sauer, J. D., Holt, G. A., Brewer, N., & Palmer, M. A. (2020). Refining the blank line‐up procedure: How should we instruct eyewitnesses? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(6), 1419–1429. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3719
Palmer, M. A., Brewer, N., & Weber, N. (2012). The information gained from witnesses’ responses to an initial “blank” lineup. Law and Human Behavior, 36(5), 439–447. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0093939
2023-06-20
Frank Arnould
2023-06-20
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
blank lineup
blank lineup procedure
parade d'identification vide
procédure de tapissage vide
séance d'identification vide
tapissage vide
"Prior to showing the witness a line-up that contains the police suspect (the real line-up), the witness is shown an additional line-up that contains only known to be innocent fillers (the blank line-up). This procedure was designed as a method of screening witnesses in terms of the reliability of their identification decisions. Witnesses who choose from the blank line-up (initial choosers) can be screened out as poor witnesses who tend to pick from line-ups too liberally and likely have poor memories of the culprit. Those who reject the blank line-up (initial non-choosers) can be regarded as relatively reliable." (Kucina et al., 2020, p. 1419).
« Avant de présenter au témoin une parade d'identification contenant le suspect (tapissage véritable), on lui présente une autre parade d'identification contenant uniquement des figurants innocents (tapissage vide). Cette procédure est conçue comme une méthode de sélection des témoins en fonction de la fiabilité de leurs décisions d'identification. Les témoins qui effectuent un choix dans le tapissage vide (les sélectionneurs initiaux) peuvent être éliminés en tant que témoins peu fiables, ayant tendance à choisir une personne dans la parade de manière trop libérale et ayant probablement de mauvais souvenirs du coupable. Ceux qui rejettent le tapissage vide (les non-sélectionneurs initiaux) peuvent être considérés comme relativement fiables. » (Kucina et al., 2020, p. 1419).
blank line-up
blank line-up procedure
blank police line-up procedure
blank police lineup procedure
procédure de tapissage de police vide

2023-06-22
Frank Arnould
Frowd, C. D., Erickson, W. B., Lampinen, J. M., Skelton, F. C., McIntyre, A. H., & Hancock, P. J. B. (2015). A decade of evolving composites: Regression- and meta-analysis. Journal of Forensic Practice, 17(4), 319–334. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFP-08-2014-0025 [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Frowd, C. D. (2021). Forensic facial composites. In A. M. Smith, M. P. Toglia, & J. M. Lampinen (Eds.), Methods, measures, and theories in eyewitness identification tasks (pp. 34–64). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003138105-5 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Sporer, S. L., Tredoux, C. G., Vredeveldt, A., Kempen, K., & Nortje, A. (2020). Does exposure to facial composites damage eyewitness memory? A comprehensive review. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(5), 1166–1179. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3705 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Tredoux, C. G., Sporer, S. L., Vredeveldt, A., Kempen, K., & Nortje, A. (2021). Does constructing a facial composite affect eyewitness memory? A research synthesis and meta-analysis. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 17(4), 713–741. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-020-09432-z [Document type: meta-analysis / Access: closed]
Zahradníková, B., Duchovičová, S., & Schreiber, P. (2018). Facial composite systems: Review. Artificial Intelligence Review, 49(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-016-9519-1 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-06-26
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
composite face
composite image of a face
face composite
Dans une enquête judiciaire, un portrait-robot est une représentation visuelle du visage d’une personne, réalisée à l’aide d’un croquis d’artiste, de systèmes mécanisés ou informatisés, sur la base des souvenirs d’un témoin oculaire ou d’une victime.
In a criminal investigation, a facial composite is a visual representation of a person's face, created using an artist's sketch, or mechanized/computerized systems based on the memory of an the eyewitness or victim.

composite faces
composite image of the face
composite images of a face
composite images of the face
face composites
facial composites
portraits-robots
facial composite
portrait-robot

2023-06-13
Frank Arnould
Lindsay, R. C., & Wells, G. L. (1985). Improving eyewitness identifications from lineups : Simultaneous versus sequential lineup presentation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 70(3), 556‑564. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.70.3.556 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
McQuiston-Surrett, D., Malpass, R. S., & Tredoux, C. G. (2006). Sequential vs simultaneous lineups: A review of methods, data, and theory. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 12(2), 137–169. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.12.2.137 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-06-13
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
parade d'identification séquentielle
sequential line-up
sequential lineup
séance d'identification séquentielle
tapissage séquentiel
A police lineup procedure in which the members of the lineup (suspect and fillers) are presented one by one to the witness or victim who is thus in a better position to compare each face directly with his or her memory of the perpetrator. The procedure ends when the witness or victim has made a positive identification.
Procédure de tapissage de police durant laquelle les membres de la parade (suspect et figurants innocents) sont présentés l’un après l’autre au témoin ou à la victime qui seraient alors plus à même de comparer chaque visage directement avec leur souvenir du malfaiteur. La procédure se termine dès que le témoin ou la victime a effectué une identification positive.
parades d'identification séquentielles
sequential line-ups
sequential lineups
sequential police line-ups
sequential police lineups
séances d'identification séquentielles
tapissages de police séquentiels
tapissages séquentiels
sequential police lineup
tapissage de police séquentiel

2023-06-22
Frank Arnould
Py, J., & Demarchi, S. (2006). Utiliser l’entretien cognitif pour décrire et détecter les criminels. Revue Québécoise de Psychologie, 27(3), 197-215. [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-07-21
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
ECADP
A modified version of the cognitive interview to improve the description of persons (Py & Dermarchi, 2006). The procedure begins by presenting the witness with three mnemonic aids. The first two are taken from the original version of the cognitive interview: the "recall everything" instruction (the witness is asked to report as much information as possible, including elements about which he or she is uncertain or considers unimportant) and the "context reinstatement" instruction (the witness is encouraged to think back to the environmental and emotional elements present at the moment of the crime). A holistic processing instruction is added, which encourages the witness to "recall the person in a global way and to evoke the impressions and feelings he or she had when seeing the offender" (p. 201). The first recall after these instructions is followed by a description of the person from the side. Finally, the witness is asked to answer various questions about the physical characteristics of the perpetrator, which are generally reported with accuracy.
Version modifiée de l’entretien cognitif spécialement développée pour améliorer la description des personnes (Py & Dermarchi, 2006). La procédure débute par la présentation au témoin de trois aides mnémotechniques. Les deux premières sont issues de la version originale de l’entretien cognitif : le rappel exhaustif (le témoin est invité à rapporter le plus grand nombre d’informations possible, même les éléments dont il est peu sûr ou qu’il juge peu importants), et la remise en contexte (le témoin est encouragé à repenser aux éléments environnementaux et émotionnels présents au moment du crime). Une consigne de traitement holistique est ajoutée incitant le témoin « à se remémorer la personne de façon globale et à évoquer l’impression et les sentiments qu’il a ressentis en la voyant, à qui ou à quoi elle lui a fait penser, quelle était l’expression de son visage, etc. » (p. 201). Le premier rappel faisant suite à ces consignes est suivi par la description de profil de la personne. Le témoin doit enfin répondre à différentes questions portant sur des caractéristiques physiques rapportées généralement avec grande précision.
Cognitive Interview for Person Description
Entretien cognitif adapté à la description des personnes

2023-06-13
Frank Arnould
Lindsay, R. C., & Wells, G. L. (1985). Improving eyewitness identifications from lineups : Simultaneous versus sequential lineup presentation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 70(3), 556‑564. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.70.3.556 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
McQuiston-Surrett, D., Malpass, R. S., & Tredoux, C. G. (2006). Sequential vs simultaneous lineups: A review of methods, data, and theory. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 12(2), 137–169. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.12.2.137 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-06-13
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
parade d'identification simultanée
simultaneous line-up
simultaneous lineup
séance d'identification simultanée
tapissage simultané
Police line-up procedure in which the members of the parade (suspect and fillers) are presented at the same time to the witness or victim.
Procédure de tapissage de police dans laquelle les membres de la parade (suspect et figurants innocents) sont présentés en même temps au témoin ou à la victime.
parades d'identification simultanées
simultaneous line-ups
simultaneous lineups
simultaneous police line-ups
simultaneous police lineups
séances d'identification simultanées
simultaneous police lineup
tapissage de police simultané

2023-06-29
Frank Arnould
Fernandes, D., Gomes, J. P., Albuquerque, P. B., & Matos, M. (in press). Forensic interview techniques in child sexual abuse cases: A scoping review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 15248380231177316. https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380231177317 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Smith, K., & Shaw, G. (2022). Achieving best evidence in criminal proceedings: Guidance on interviewing victims and witnesses, and guidance on using special measures. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/achieving-best-evidence-in-criminal-proceedings [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
2023-06-29
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
ABE interview
ABE investigative interview protocol
ABE model
ABE protocol
L'entretien ABE (Achivieving Best Evidence) est un « guide contenant des recommandations pour identifier les besoins des témoins ou victimes vulnérables, pour planifier et préparer l'entretien, pour mener l'entretien et pour préparer les victimes à la procédure judiciaire. L'entretien est généralement structuré en deux phases principales : (1) l'établissement d'un rapport de confiance avec la personne et (2) le rappel libre suivi d'un questionnement ouvert. » (Fernandes et al., à paraître).
The Achivieving Best Evidence (ABE) interview is a "guidance with recommendations to identify the needs of vulnerable witnesses or victims, to plan, and prepare for the interview, to conduct the interview, and to prepare victims for the court process. The interview is typically structured in two major phases: (1) rapport building and (2) free recall followed by open-ended questioning." (Fernandes et al., in press).
Achieving Best Evidence interview
Entretien visant à obtenir les meilleures preuves

2023-06-29
Frank Arnould
Bull, R., Valentine, T., & Williamson, T. (Eds.). (2009). Handbook of psychology of investigative interviewing: Current developments and future directions. Wiley-Blackwell. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Dickinson, J. J., Compo, N. S., Carol, R., Schwartz, B. L., & McCauley, M. (Eds.). (2019). Evidence-based investigative interviewing: Applying cognitive principles. Routledge [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Griffiths, A., & Milne, R. (Eds.). (2018). The psychology of criminal investigation: From theory to practice. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Kelly, C. E., Miller, J. C., Redlich, A. D., & Kleinman, S. M. (2013). A taxonomy of interrogation methods. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 19(2), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030310 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Meissner, C. A. (2021). “What works?” Systematic reviews and meta‐analyses of the investigative interviewing research literature. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 35(2), 322–328. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3808 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Meissner, C., Kleinman, S., Mindthoff, A., Phillips, E., & Rothweiler, J. (2023). Investigative interviewing: A review of the literature and a model of science-based practice. In D. DeMatteo & K. C. Scherr (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of psychology and law (pp. 582-C34P175). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197649138.013.34 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Tudor-Owen, J., Golde, C. van, Bull, R., & Gee, D. (Eds.). (2022). Interviewing vulnerable suspects. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Verkampt, F., Dodier, O., Milne, R., & Ginet, M. (2021). An analysis of the quality of investigative interviews with children in France: Age of the witness does matter. Police Practice & Research: An International Journal, 22(2), 1130–1154. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2019.1658581 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Walsh, D., Oxburgh, G. E., Redlich, A. D., & Myklebust, T. (Eds.). (2017). International developments and practices in investigative interviewing and interrogation: Volume 1: victims and witnesses. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Walsh, D., Oxburgh, G. E., Redlich, A. D., & Myklebust, T. (Eds.). (2017). International developments and practices in investigative interviewing and interrogation: Volume 2: Suspects. Routledge. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
audition de la victime
audition du témoin
entretien auprès de la victime
entretien auprès du témoin
entretien d’investigation
entrevue auprès de la victime
entrevue auprès du témoin
entrevue avec la victime
entrevue avec le témoin
entrevue d’enquête
entrevue d’investigation
forensic interview
forensic interviewing
interrogation
interrogatoire
investigative interviewing
procédure d’audition
"Investigative interviewing involves the systematic questioning of individuals for the purpose of collecting detailed and accurate accounts of a situation or event that supports a broader investigative conclusion" (Meissner, 2021, p. 322).
« L’entretien d'enquête consiste à interroger systématiquement des personnes dans le but de recueillir des récits détaillés et précis d'une situation ou d'un événement, afin d'étayer une conclusion d'enquête plus large » (Meissner, 2021, p. 322).

auditions des témoins
auditions des victimes
entretiens d'enquête
entretiens d'investigation
entrevues auprès de la victime
entrevues auprès du témoin
entrevues d'investigation
forensic interviews
interrogations
investigative interviews
entretien d’enquête
investigative interview

Frank Arnould
2020-06-08
Gudjonsson, G. H., & MacKeith, J. A. C. (1982). False confessions. Psychological effects of interrogation. A discussion paper. In A. Trankell (Ed.), Reconstructing the past: The role of psychologists in criminal trials (pp. 53–269). Kluwer. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Gudjonsson, G. H. (2003). The psychology of interrogations and confessions: A handbook. John Wiley & Sons. [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Gudjonsson, G. (2017). Memory distrust syndrome, confabulation and false confession. Cortex, 87, 156–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2016.06.013 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Zhang, Y., Battista, F., Thissen, D., Otgaar, H., Wang, J., & Jelicic, M. (2022). Examining the associations between nonbelieved memories and memory distrust, self-esteem, and rumination. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000344 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-07-20
« un état dans lequel les personnes développent une profonde méfiance à l'égard de leurs souvenirs, ce qui les rend particulièrement susceptibles de se fier à des indices et suggestions extérieurs » (Gudjonsson, 2003, p. 196).
“A condition where people develop profound distrust of their memory recollections, as a result of which they are particularly susceptible to relying on external cues and suggestions“ (Gudjonsson, 2003, p. 196).

memory distrust syndrome
syndrome de méfiance mnésique

IANI’, F. (2020, January 16). Children’s Kinematic False Memories. https://osf.io/ja6k2/
Frank Arnould
2020-09-15
Ianì, F., Mazzoni, G., & Bucciarelli, M. (2018). The role of kinematic mental simulation in creating false memories. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 30(3), 292‑306. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2018.1426588 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Ianì, F., Limata, T., Bucciarelli, M., & Mazzoni, G. (2020). Children’s kinematic false memories. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 32(5‑6), 479‑493. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2020.1796686 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
False memory of the continuation of an action that was not observed.
Faux souvenir de la suite d'une action qui n'a pas été observée.
faux souvenir cinétique
kinematic false memory

Frank Arnould
Chiu, Y.-C., & Egner, T. (2015). Inhibition-induced forgetting when more control leads to less memory. Psychological Science, 26(1), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614553945
2017-12-04
2022-04-27
Quand les réponses à des stimuli doivent être inhibées, la mémoire de ces stimuli est détériorée.
When responses to stimuli are to be inhibited, memory of these stimuli is impaired.
inhibition-induced forgetting
oubli induit par l'inhibition

Abel, M. (2019, June 11). Retrieval-induced forgetting in a social context: Do the same mechanisms underly forgetting in speakers and listeners? https://osf.io/y9q37/
Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Abel, M., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2020). Retrieval-induced forgetting in a social context: Do the same mechanisms underlie forgetting in speakers and listeners? Memory & Cognition, 48(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00957-x [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Cuc, A., Koppel, J., & Hirst, W. (2007). Silence is not golden: A case for socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting. Psychological Science, 18(8), 727 733. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01967.x [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Hirst, W., & Coman, A. (2018). Building a collective memory : The case for collective forgetting. Current Opinion in Psychology, 23, 88‑92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.02.002 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-06-28
SS-RIF
rappel socialement partagé induisant l'oubli
La récupération sélective d'informations au cours d'une discussion peut induire l'oubli d'autres informations associées. Ce phénomène se manifeste aussi bien chez la personne qui parle que chez la personne qui écoute la conversation.
Selective retrieval of information during a conversation can cause related information to be forgotten. This phenomenon occurs in both the person speaking and the person listening to the conversation.
oubli induit par la récupération socialement partagé
socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting

Baddeley, A. D., Atkinson, A. L., Hitch, G. J., & Allen, R. J. (2021). Detecting accelerated long-term forgetting : A problem and some solutions. Cortex, 142, 237‑251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.03.038
Laverick, T., Evans, S., Freeston, M., & Baddeley, A. (2021). The use of novel measures to detect Accelerated Long-term forgetting in people with epilepsy: The Crimes Test and Four Doors Test. Cortex, 141, 144–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.03.024
2023-05-29
Frank Arnould
2023-05-29
Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
A method for studying accelerated long-term forgetting that “address the problem that each successive test may interfere with the memory of the event being tested. Depending on conditions, such effects can be substantial and may be either positive or negative. The Crimes and Four Doors Tests tackle this problem by presenting easily memorised episodes or scenes, from which a different sample of features is tested at each delay by telephone.” (Laverick et al., 2021, p. 144).
Méthode d’étude de l’oubli accéléré à long terme qui « traite le fait que chaque test successif peut interférer avec la mémoire de l’événement testé. Selon les conditions, ces effets peuvent être substantiels et peuvent être positifs ou négatifs. Le Test des crimes et des quatre portes aborde ce problème en présentant des épisodes ou des scènes faciles à mémoriser, à partir desquels un échantillon différent de caractéristiques est testé à chaque délai par téléphone. » (Laverick et al., 2021, p. 144).
Crimes and Doors Test
Crimes and Doors Test
Test des crimes et des quatre portes

Frank Arnould
Sternberg, R. J., & Tulving, E. (1977). The measurement of subjective organization in free recall. Psychological bulletin, 84(3), 539. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.84.3.539
Tulving, E. (1962). Subjective organization in free recall of “unrelated” words. Psychological Review, 69(4), 344–354. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043150
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
Organisation propre que le sujet impose à une liste d'items qu'il rappelle librement.
Personal organization of a list of items in a free recall task.
organisation subjective
subjective organization

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Le sujet mémorise tout d'abord une liste de mots puis est invité à s'en souvenir dans l'ordre qu'il souhaite. La procédure est répétée plusieurs fois, l'ordre de présentation des mots dans la liste étant différent d'un essai à l'autre.
The subject first learns a list of words and is then asked to remember them in the order he/she wants. The procedure is repeated several times, with the order of presentation of the words in the list varying from trial to trial.
multitrial free recall task
tâche de rappel libre à essais multiples

Frank Arnould
Bjork, R. A., & Whitten, W. B. (1974). Recency-sensitive retrieval processes in long-term free recall. Cognitive Psychology, 6(2), 173-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(74)90009-7
Tzeng, O. J. L. (1973). Positive recency effect in a delayed free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12(4), 436-439. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(73)80023-4
2017-12-04
2023-03-20
continual distraction paradigm
continual-distractor free recall task
continuous-distractor free recall task
through-list distractor procedure
Method for investigating the long-term recency effect. Participants are asked to memorize items and to perform a distraction task (for example, an arithmetic task) between each presentation of the items. The distraction task is designed to prevent mental repetition of the items. The final free recall test is also delayed by a distracting task.
Méthode d'étude de l'effet de récence à long terme. Les participants doivent mémoriser des items et exécuter une tâche de distraction (par exemple, une tâche d'arithmétique) entre chaque présentation d'items. La tâche de distraction a pour objectif d'empêcher la répétition mentale des items. Le test final de rappel libre est aussi différé par une tâche de distraction.
continuous-distractor paradigm
paradigme de distraction continue

Frank Arnould
Underwood, B. J. (1948). « Spontaneous recovery » of verbal associations. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38(4), 429-439. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0059565
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
Method for studying the retroactive interference effect. The subjects learn a first list of A-B pairs, and the first member of each pair is used a cue to retrieve the response associated with it. They then learn a second list of pairs of stimuli A-C, wherein the same cues as in the first list are associated with different responses. At the time of testing, the experimenter presents the cues and subjects are asked to recall the first answer that comes to mind (which may be B, C or an intrusion).
Méthode d’étude de l’interférence rétroactive. Les sujets mémorisent une première liste de paires de stimuli de type A-B, le premier élément de chaque paire servant d’indice pour récupérer la réponse qui lui est associée. Ils mémorisent ensuite une seconde liste de paires de stimuli A-C, dans laquelle les mêmes indices que dans la première liste sont associés à des réponses différentes. Au moment du test, l’expérimentateur présente l’indice et les sujets doivent rappeler la première réponse qui leur vient à l’esprit (qui peut donc être B, C ou une intrusion).
modified free recall procedure
procédure de rappel libre modifié

Frank Arnould
Crowder, R. G. (1967). Prefix effects in immediate memory. Canadian Journal of Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie, 21(5), 450-461. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0082997
Crowder, R. G., & Morton, J. (1969). Precategorical acoustic storage (PAS). Perception & Psychophysics, 5(6), 365–373. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210660
Dallett, K. M. (1967). « Primary memory »: The effects of redundancy upon digit repetition. Psychonomic Science, 3(1), 237-237. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03343114
2017-12-04
2023-03-27
Dans un test de rappel immédiat, interférence produite par le dernier stimulus d'une liste que l'on demande au sujet d'ignorer, perturbant l'effet de récence lorsque la modalité de présentation des items est auditive.
In an immediate recall test, the interference produced by the last stimulus in a list, which the subject is asked to ignore, disrupts the recency effect when the modality of presentation of the items is auditory.
effet du suffixe
suffix effect

Frank Arnould
Craik, F. I. M. (1970). The fate of primary memory items in free recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 9(2), 143–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(70)80042-1
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
Les participants à l'expérience doivent apprendre plusieurs listes d'items. À la fin de chaque liste, un test de rappel immédiat est effectué. On observe un effet de récence pour chaque liste individuelle. Toutefois, lorsqu'à la fin de l'expérience un test de rappel porte sur l'ensemble des items de toutes les listes, les items qui occupaient les positions terminales dans chacune des listes sont alors moins bien rappelés : c'est l'effet de récence négatif (Craik, 1970).
Participants in the experiment are asked to learn several lists of items. At the end of each list, an immediate recall test is administered. A recency effect occurs for each individual list. However, at the end of the experiment, when the subjects are asked to recall the items from all the lists, the items at the end of each list are harder to recall (Craik, 1970).
effet de récence négatif
negative recency effect

Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A. D., Hitch, G. J., & Dornic,, S. (1977). Recency re-examined. In Attention and Performance VI (p. 647-667). Lawrence Erlbaum.
Bjork, R. A., & Whitten, W. B. (1974). Recency-sensitive retrieval processes in long-term free recall. Cognitive Psychology, 6(2), 173-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(74)90009-7
2017-12-04
2022-03-31
Effet de récence en mémoire à long terme montrant que dans un test de mémoire différé, les sujets se souviennent mieux des évènements récents.
In a delayed memory test, better retention of recent events.
effet de récence à long terme
long-term recency effect

Frank Arnould
Kahana, M. J., Howard, M. W., Zaromb, F., & Wingfield, A. (2002). Age dissociates recency and lag recency effects in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(3), 530-540. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.28.3.530
2017-12-04
2021-08-10
Dans le rappel des items d'une liste, les intrusions d'items de listes antérieures proviennent des listes les plus récentes.
In the recall of a list items, intrusions from prior lists come from the more recent lists.
effet de récence des intrusions
intrusion recency effect

2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Homme
Human
Aged 18 years et over.
Âgé de 18 ans ou plus.
adultes
adults
adult
adulte

2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-09-04
individu par âge
individual by age
individuals by age
individus par âge
personnes par âge
persons by age
person by age
personne par âge

2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Homme
Human
Adult aged 40 to 59 years.
Adulte âgé de 40 à 59 ans.
adultes d'âge moyen
middle-aged adults
adulte d'âge moyen
middle-aged adult

2023-03-06
2023-09-04
aged individual
aged person
elderly
individu âgé
old adult
old person
older adult
older individual
older person
personne âgée
quatrième âge
senior
sénior
troisième âge
Adult 60 years of age and over.
Adulte âgé de 60 ans ou plus.
aged adults
aged individuals
aged persons
individus âgés
older adults
older individuals
older persons
personnes âgées
seniors
séniors
adulte âgé
aged adult

2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Homme
Human
younger adult
Adult aged 18 to 39 years.
Adulte âgé de 60 ans ou plus.
jeunes adultes
young adults
younger adults
adulte jeune
young adult

2023-03-06
2023-09-04
Aged 1 to 24 months.
Âgé de 1 à 24 mois.
infants
nourrissons
infant
nourrisson

2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Homme
Human
Aged 2 to 13 years.
Âgé de 2 à 13 ans.
children
enfants
child
enfant

2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Homme
Human
adolescence
adolescence
Aged 13 to 17 years.
Âgé de 13 à 17 ans.
adolescents
adolescents
adolescent
adolescent

2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Homme
Human
nouveau-née
Aged 0 to 1 month.
Âgés de 0 à 1 mois.
newborns
nouveau-nées
nouveau-nés
newborn
nouveau-né

Frank Arnould
Gollwitzer, P. (1993). Goal achievement : The role of intentions. European review of social psychology, 4, 141–185. https://doi.org/10.1080/14792779343000059
Gollwitzer, P. M., & Brandstätter, V. (1997). Implementation intentions and effective goal pursuit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(1), 186‑199. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.73.1.186
2020-11-25
2023-09-04
Intentions qui « relient un comportement orienté vers un objectif à un contexte situationnel anticipé. » (Gollwitzer, 1993, p. 141). Ce type d’intentions prend la forme générale suivante : « réaliser l’action x quand la situation y apparait ».
Intentions that "link an intended goal-directed behavior to an anticipated situational context." (Gollwitzer, 1993, p. 141). This type of intention can be formulated as: "performing action x when the situation y occurs".

implementation intentions
intentions d'implémentation
implementation intention
intention d'implémentation

Frank Arnould
Metcalfe, J., & Kornell, N. (2005). A region of proximal learning model of study time allocation. Journal of Memory and Language, 52(4), 463–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2004.12.001
2017-12-04
2022-01-12
Jugement métamnésique basé sur la vitesse de prise d'information : lorsque le sujet juge que l'apprentissage s'effectue selon un taux rapide, l'apprentissage continue. Lorsqu'il juge que la prise d'information ne s'effectue plus, il stoppe l'apprentissage et passe à un autre item (Metcalfe & Kornell, 2005).
Perception of the rate at which learning is progressing (Metclafe & Kornell, 2005).
judgement of the rate of learning
judgements of the rate of learning
judgments of the rate of learning
jugements du taux d'apprentissage
judgment of the rate of learning
jugement du taux d'apprentissage

Frank Arnould
Barton, J. J. S., Davies-Thompson, J., & Corrow, S. L. (2021). Prosopagnosia and disorders of face processing. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 178, 175–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821377-3.00006-4
Bodamer, J. (1947). Die prosopagnosie. Archiv für Psychiatrie und Ner-venkrankheiten, 179, 6-54. Traduit par Ellis, H.D., & Florence, M. (1990). Cognitive Neuropsychology, 7(2), 81-105. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643299008253437
2017-12-04
2022-03-30
Prosopagnosia due to an acquired brain injury in people not suffering from face recognition difficulties before the onset of the disease.
Prosopagnosie due à une lésion acquise du cerveau chez des personnes ne souffrant pas de difficulté de reconnaissance des visages avant le début de la maladie.

acquired prosopagnosia
prosopagnosie acquise

Frank Arnould
Barton, J. J. S., Davies-Thompson, J., & Corrow, S. L. (2021). Prosopagnosia and disorders of face processing. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 178, 175–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821377-3.00006-4
Bodamer, J. (1947). Die Prosopagnosie. Archiv fur Psychiatrie und Zeitschrift fur Neurologie, 179, 6–54.
Lahiri, D. (2020). Prosopagnosia. Cortex, 132, 479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.08.010
Quaglino, A., & Borelli, G. (1867). Emiplegia sinistra con amaurosiguarigione-perdita totale della percezione dei colouri e della memoria della configurazione degli oggetti. Giornale d’Oftalmologia Italiano, 10, 106–117.
2017-12-04
2023-03-21
agnosia for face
agnosie de reconnaissance des visages
agnosie des visages
cécité aux visages
face blindness
facial recognition agnosia
"Prosopagnosia means inability to recognize faces, the term deriving from the Greek prosopon (face) and gnosis (knowledge), and refers to a condition that was first observed as a consequence of brain lesions (acquired prosopagnosia). The term is also used to refer to a graded but clearly disproportionate difficulty to recognize faces in the absence of a neurological damage (developmental prosopagnosia)." (Lahiri, 2020, p. 479).
« La prosopagnosie signifie l'incapacité à reconnaître les visages, le terme dérivant du grec prosopon (visage) et gnosis (connaissance), et désigne une affection qui a été observée pour la première fois à la suite de lésions cérébrales (prosopagnosie acquise). Le terme est également utilisé pour désigner une difficulté graduelle mais clairement disproportionnée à reconnaître les visages en l'absence d'une lésion neurologique (prosopagnosie développementale). » (Lahiri, 2020, p. 479).

agnosia for faces
face-blindness
prosopagnosias
prosopagnosies
prosopagnosia
prosopagnosie

Cook, R. (2019, January 21). Does developmental prosopagnosia impair identification of other-ethnicity faces? https://osf.io/yck8s/
Krill, D., Pertzov, Y., & Pertzov, Y. (2020, April 14). Rapid forgetting of faces in congenital prosopagnosia - data. https://osf.io/j47w2/
Stumps, A., & DeGutis, J. (2020, April 29). Characterizing developmental prosopagnosia beyond face perception: Impaired recollection but intact familiarity recognition. https://osf.io/dah4n/
Tsantani, M., & Cook, R. (2020, September 17). Evidence of holistic face processing in developmental prosopagnosia. https://osf.io/qw9z6/
Tsantani, M., & Cook, R. (2022, January 27). Emotion recognition of masked faces in developmental prosopagnosia. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/CNMW5
Tsantani, M., & Cook, R. (2022, March 22). Normal recognition of famous voices in developmental prosopagnosia. https://osf.io/da2xu/
Frank Arnould
Barton, J. J. S., Davies-Thompson, J., & Corrow, S. L. (2021). Prosopagnosia and disorders of face processing. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 178, 175–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821377-3.00006-4
Cook, R., & Biotti, F. (2016). Developmental prosopagnosia. Current Biology, 26(8), R312–R313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2016.01.008
Duchaine, B. (2011). Developmental prosopagnosia: Cognitive, neural, and developmental investigations. In A. J. Calder, M. H. Johnson, & J. V. Haxby (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Face Perception (p. 821-838). Oxford University Press.
McConachie, H. R. (1976). Developmental prosopagnosia. A single case report. Cortex, 12(1), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(76)80033-0
2017-12-04
2022-04-25
congenital prosopagnosia
hereditary prosopagnosia
prosopagnosie congénitale
prosopagnosie héréditaire
"Developmental prosopagnosia, also known as congenital prosopagnosia or ‘face blindness’, is a lifelong condition that affects individuals’ ability to recognise faces. Unlike cases of acquired prosopagnosia, where people encounter face recognition difficulties as an adult following a stroke or traffic accident, individuals with developmental prosopagnosia develop recognition problems in the absence of manifest brain injury. Individuals with developmental prosopagnosia experience difficulties recognising faces despite normal intelligence, memory, and typical low-level vision." (Cook & Biotti, 2016, p. R312).
« La prosopagnosie développementale, également connue sous le nom de prosopagnosie congénitale ou "cécité des visages", est une affection qui dure toute la vie et qui altère la capacité des individus à reconnaître les visages. Contrairement aux cas de prosopagnosie acquise, où les personnes rencontrent des difficultés de reconnaissance des visages à l'âge adulte à la suite d'un accident vasculaire cérébral ou d'un accident de la route, les personnes atteintes de prosopagnosie développementale présentent des problèmes de reconnaissance en l'absence de lésion cérébrale manifeste. Les personnes atteintes de prosopagnosie développementale éprouvent des difficultés à reconnaître les visages malgré une intelligence, une mémoire et une acuité visuelle normales. » (Cook & Biotti, 2016, p. R312).

developmental prosopagnosia
prosopagnosie développementale

2023-03-13
Hugenberg, K., Young, S. G., Bernstein, M. J., & Sacco, D. F. (2010). The categorization-individuation model : An integrative account of the other-race recognition deficit. Psychological Review, 117(4), 1168‑1187. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020463 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Zhang, L., Zhou, G., Pu, X., & Hayward, W. G. (2011). Inconsistent individual personality description eliminates the other-race effect. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 18(5), 870‑876. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-011-0127-4 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
2023-09-05
CIM
A model developed to explain the own-race bias in face recognition (Hygenberg et al., 2010), according to which own-race faces are better recognized because they tend to be individuated; other-race faces are less well recognized because attention is focused on the common features of these faces (e.g. skin tone). The focus of attention on individuated or categorical features of faces is also thought to depend on motivational factors (incentives to individuate other-race faces should eliminate the bias) and on the person's prior experience individuating other-race faces.
Modèle développé pour expliquer le biais inter-ethnique dans la reconnaissance des visages selon lequel les visages provenant du groupe social d’appartenance (par exemple, le groupe d'appartenance ethnique) sont mieux reconnus, car ils ont tendance à être individualisés ; ceux issus d’un groupe social différent sont moins bien reconnus, car l'attention se porterait surtout sur les caractéristiques communes de ces visages (par exemple, la couleur de peau). L'orientation de l'attention sur les caractéristiques individuelles ou catégorielles des visages dépendrait aussi de facteurs motivationnels (des incitations à individualiser les visages d'une autre ethnie devraient éliminer le biais) et de l'expérience passée des personnes à individualiser les visages du groupe social différent.
categorization-individuation model
modèle de catégorisation-individualisation

Frank Arnould
Moulin, C. J. A. (2013). Disordered recognition memory: Recollective confabulation. Cortex, 49(6), 1541-1552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2013.01.010
2017-12-04
2022-03-08
Memory disorder in which patients produce confabulations to justify the persistent feeling that the present moment is the repetition of previous experiences.
Trouble de la mémoire se manifestant chez les patients par des confabulations produites pour justifier des sensations persistantes que le moment présent est la répétition d'expériences déjà vécues.
confabulations recollectives
recollective confabulations
confabulation recollective
recollective confabulation

Frank Arnould
Williams, J. M. G. (2006). Capture and rumination, functional avoidance, and executive control (CaRFAX): Three processes that underlie overgeneral memory. Cognition and Emotion, 20(3–4), 548–568. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930500450465
2018-09-26
2023-03-24
Model describing the mechanisms underlying the retrieval of overgeneral autobiographical memories and prematurely interrupting the memory research process: capture of cognitive resources and rumination (CaR), functional avoidance (FA) and impaired executive control capacities (X).
Modèle décrivant les mécanismes sous-tendant la récupération de souvenirs autobiographiques surgénéralisés et interrompant de manière prématurée le processus de recherche en mémoire : capture des ressources cognitives et rumination (CaR - Capture and rumination), évitement fonctionnel (FA - Functional Avoidance) et affaiblissement des capacités de contrôle exécutif (X).
CARFAX model
modèle CARFAX

Bluck, S., Alea, N., Habermas, T., & Rubin, D. C. (2005). A tale of three functions: The self–reported uses of autobiographical memory. Social Cognition, 23(1), 91–117. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.23.1.91.59198
Bluck, S., & Alea, N. (2011). Crafting the TALE: Construction of a measure to assess the functions of autobiographical remembering. Memory, 19(5), 470–486. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2011.590500
Fritsch, A., Berna, F., Potheegadoo, J., & Cuervo-Lombard, C. (2021). Validation française du Thinking About Life Experiences (TALE), échelle évaluant les fonctions de la mémoire autobiographique. Revue de neuropsychologie, 13(3), 205–213. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2021.0678
2023-03-15
Frank Arnould
2023-04-03
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
TALE
TALE
questionnaire Thinking About Life Experiences
Questionnaire measuring three functions of autobiographical memory: 1) social function (communication); 2) self-related function (identity); 3) directive function (problem solving).
Questionnaire mesurant trois fonctions de la mémoire autobiographique : 1) fonction sociale (communication) ; 2) fonction liée au self (identité) ; 3) fonction directive (résolution de problèmes).
Questionnaire de réflexions sur les expériences de vie
Thinking About Life Experiences Questionnaire

Harris, C. B., Rasmussen, A. S., & Berntsen, D. (2014). The functions of autobiographical memory: An integrative approach. Memory, 22(5), 559–581. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2013.806555
Webster, J. D. (1993). Construction and validation of the reminiscence functions scale. Journal of Gerontology, 48(5), P256–P262. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/48.5.P256
2023-03-15
Frank Arnould
2023-03-31
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
A 43-item questionnaire (Webster, 1993) “which measures the frequency with which people think and talk about the past for eight different functions: (1) Problem Solving, (2) Identity, (3) Conversation, (4) Boredom Reduction, (5) Intimacy Maintenance, (6) Death Preparation, (7) Teach/Inform, and (8) Bitterness Revival.“ (Harris et al., 2014, p. 561).
Questionnaire de 43 items (Webster, 1993) « qui mesure la fréquence avec laquelle les personnes pensent et parlent du passé selon huit fonctions différentes : (1) résolution de problèmes, (2) identité, (3) conversation, (4) réduction de l'ennui, (5) maintien de l'intimité, (6) préparation à la mort, (7) enseigner/informer, et (8) reviviscence de l'amertume. » (Harris et al., 2014, p. 561).
Reminiscence Functions Scale
Échelle des fonctions de la réminiscence

Frank Arnould
Kopelman, M. D. (1994). The Autobiographical Memory Interview (AMI) in organic and psychogenic amnesia. Memory, 2(2), 211–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658219408258945
Kopelman, M. D., Wilson, B. A., & Baddeley, A. D. (1989). The autobiographical memory interview: A new assessment of autobiographical and personal semantic memory in amnesic patients. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 11(5), 724–744. https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638908400928
2022-05-05
2023-09-04
AMI
Entretien semi-structuré permettant d’évaluer la mémoire autobiographique et la sémantique personnelle pour trois périodes de vie : enfance, début de l’âge adulte et vie récente.
Semi-structured interview to assess autobiographical memory and personal semantics for three life periods: childhood, early adulthood and recent life.
Autobiographical Memory Interview
Entretien de mémoire autobiographique

Frank Arnould
Conway, M. A. (2005). Memory and the self. Journal of Memory and Language, 53(4), 594–628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.08.005
Conway, M. A., Singer, J. A., & Tagini, A. (2004). The self and autobiographical memory : Correspondence and coherence. Social Cognition, 22(5), 491‑529. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.22.5.491.50768
Demiray, B., & Bluck, S. (2011). The relation of the conceptual self to recent and distant autobiographical memories. Memory, 19(8), 975‑992. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2011.626427
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
self conceptuel
"The conceptual self contains abstract knowledge that one knows about one’s self, such as self-characteristics, personality traits, attitudes, possible selves, and personal motives. The conceptual self influences the working self by shaping current goals, and thereby influencing the retrieval (i.e. construction at recall) of memories." (Demiray & Bluck, 2011, p. 976-977).
« Le soi conceptuel contient les connaissances abstraites que l'on possède sur soi, telles que les particularités personnelles, les traits de personnalité, les attitudes, les sois possibles et les motivations personnelles. Le soi conceptuel influence le soi de travail en façonnant les objectifs actuels et en influençant ainsi la récupération (c'est-à-dire la construction au moment du rappel) des souvenirs. » Demiray & Bluck, 2011, p. 976-977).
conceptual self
soi conceptuel

Frank Arnould
Brown, N. R., Hansen, T. G. B., Lee, P. J., Vanderveen, S. A., & Conrad, F. G. (2012). Historically defined autobiographical periods: Their origins and implications. In D. Berntsen & D. C. Rubin (Eds.), Understanding Autobiographical Memory: Theories and Approaches (pp. 160–180). Cambridge University Press.
Brown, N. R., Lee, P. J., Krslak, M., Conrad, F. G., G B Hansen, T., Havelka, J., & Reddon, J. R. (2009). Living in history: how war, terrorism, and natural disaster affect the organization of autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 20(4), 399–405. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02307.x
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
H-DAP
Organisation de la mémoire autobiographique en périodes de vie à partir d'évènements publics ("pendant la guerre", "après l'attentat", "après le tremblement de terre").
The organization of autobiographical memory by life periods corresponding to public events ("during the war", "after the terrorist attack", "after the earthquake").
historically defined autobiographical periods
périodes autobiographiques historiquement définies
historically defined autobiographical period
période autobiographique historiquement définie

Frank Arnould
Blagov, P. S. S., Jefferson A. (2004). Four dimensions of self-defining memories (specificity, meaning, content, and affect) and their relationships to self-restraint, distress, and repressive defensiveness. Journal of Personality, 72(3), 481-512. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00270.x
Lardi, C., & Van der Linden, M. (2012). Les souvenirs définissant le soi : Les liens entre la mémoire des événements personnels et l’identité. In S. Brédart & M. Van Der Linden (Éds.), Identité et cognition : Apports de la psychologie et de la neuroscience cognitive. De Boeck Supérieur.
Martinelli, P., & Piolino, P. (2009). Les souvenirs définissant le soi : dernier bastion de souvenirs épisodiques dans le vieillissement normal ? Psychologie & NeuroPsychiatrie du vieillissement, 7(3), 151–167. https://doi.org/10.1684/pnv.2009.0178
Wright, A. C., Moody, E., Browne, J., & Cather, C. (2022). Self-defining memories among persons with mental health, substance use, cognitive, and physical health conditions: A systematic review. Memory, 30(7), 823–844. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2022.2042565
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
An autobiographical memory of strong personal significance that helps define who we are. Self-defining memories are emotionally intense, detailed, and vivid. They are the most representative of similar memories. They are regularly repeated and revolve around concerns and conflicts in our lives.
Souvenir autobiographique d'une forte importance personnelle permettant de définir qui nous sommes. Les souvenirs définissant le soi sont émotionnellement intenses, détaillés et vivaces. Ils sont les plus représentatifs de souvenirs similaires. Ils sont régulièrement répétés et tournent autour de préoccupations et de conflits de notre vie.
self-defining memories
souvenirs définissant le soi
self-defining memory
souvenir définissant le soi

Frank Arnould
Ally, B. A., Hussey, E. P., & Donahue, M. J. (2013). A case of hyperthymesia : Rethinking the role of the amygdala in autobiographical memory. Neurocase, 19(2), 166–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/13554794.2011.654225
LePort, A. K. R., Mattfeld, A. T., Dickinson-Anson, H., Fallon, J. H., Stark, C. E. L., Kruggel, F., … McGaugh, J. L. (2012). Behavioral and neuroanatomical investigation of Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory (HSAM). Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 98(1), 78–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2012.05.002
Palombo, D. J., Sheldon, S., & Levine, B. (2018). Individual differences in autobiographical memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 22(7), 583–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2018.04.007
Parker, E. S., Cahill, L., & McGaugh, J. L. (2006). A case of unusual autobiographical remembering. Neurocase, 12(1), 35–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/13554790500473680
Patihis, L., Frenda, S. J., LePort, A. K. R., Petersen, N., Nichols, R. M., Stark, C. E. L., McGaugh, J. L., & Loftus, E. F. (2013). False memories in highly superior autobiographical memory individuals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201314373. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1314373110
Santangelo, V., Macrì, S., & Campolongo, P. (2022). Superior memory as a new perspective to tackle memory loss. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 104828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104828
Santangelo, V., Pedale, T., Colucci, P., Giulietti, G., Macrì, S., & Campolongo, P. (2021). Highly superior autobiographical memory in aging : A single case study. Cortex, 143, 267‑280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.05.011
2017-12-04
2023-03-14
HSAM
MAHS
hypermnésie autobiographique
hyperthymesia
hyperthymestic syndrome
hyperthymésie
syndrome de la mémoire autobiographique supranormale
syndrome hyperthymésique
Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory (HSAM) is an "ability in which individuals are able to recall events from their personal past, including the days and dates on which they occurred, with very high accuracy. [...]  HSAM is distinct from other types of superior memory as participants with this ability perform autobiographical remembering without the apparent use of mnemonic skills." (LePort et al., 2012, p. 78).
La mémoire autobiographique hautement supérieure (MAHS) est une « aptitude dans laquelle les individus sont capables de se rappeler des événements de leur passé personnel, y compris les jours et les dates auxquels ils se sont produits, avec une très grande précision. [...] La MAHS se distingue d'autres types de mémoire supérieure car les participants qui en sont dotés se souviennent d'événements autobiographiques sans utiliser apparemment de moyens mnémotechniques". (LePort et al., 2012, p. 78).

highly superior autobiographical memory
mémoire autobiographique hautement supérieure

Frank Arnould
Conway, M. A. (2005). Memory and the self. Journal of Memory and Language, 53(4), 594–628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.08.005
Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261–288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261
2017-12-04
2020-10-16
identité exécutive
self exécutif
Assure la reconstruction d'un souvenir à partir de connaissances conceptuelles et de souvenirs épisodiques. Participe à la construction de l'identité personnelle.
Reconstructs memories from conceptual knowledge and episodic memories. Participates in the construction of personal identity.
self de travail
working self

Frank Arnould
Fivush, R. (2009). Sociocultural perspectives on autobiographical memory. In M. L. Courage & N. Cowan (Eds.), The Development of Memory in Infancy and Childhood (p. 283-301). Psychology Press.
Fivush, R. (2014). Maternal reminiscing style: The sociocultural construction of autobiographical memory across childhood and adolescence. In P. J. Bauer & R. Fivish (Eds.), The Wiley Handbook on The Development of Children’s Memory (p. 568-585). Wiley.
Fivush, R., & Nelson, K. (2004). Culture and language in the emergence of autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 15(9), 573-577. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00722.x
Fivush, R., Haden, C. A., & Reese, E. (2023). Parent–child autobiographical reminiscing as a foundation for literacy, memory, and science education. In R. Logie, N. Cowan, S. Gathercole, R. Engle, & Z. Wen (Eds.), Memory in Science for Society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 273–294). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849069.003.0011
Wu, Y., & Jobson, L. (2019). Maternal reminiscing and child autobiographical memory elaboration: A meta-analytic review. Developmental Psychology, 55(12), 2505–2521. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000821
2017-12-04
2023-05-27
Les mères adoptant un style de réminiscence faiblement élaboré parlent peu du passé avec leur enfant. Quand c'est le cas, les questions sont spécifiques et redondantes. Elles répètent une question quand l'enfant ne répond pas ou bien passent à un autre aspect de l'évènement faisant l'objet de la discussion. Les conversations n'aboutissent pas à la construction d'un récit cohérent sur le passé.
Mothers who use a low elaborative reminiscence style do not have a lot of conversations with their child about the past. When they do, their questions are specific and redundant. They repeat a question when the child does not respond or moves on to another aspect of the event being discussed. Such conversations do not lead to the construction of a coherent narrative about the past.
low elaborative reminiscing style
style de réminiscence faiblement élaboré

Frank Arnould
Fivush, R. (2009). Sociocultural perspectives on autobiographical memory. In M. L. Courage & N. Cowan (Eds.), The Development of Memory in Infancy and Childhood (p. 283-301). Psychology Press.
Fivush, R. (2014). Maternal reminiscing style: The sociocultural construction of autobiographical memory across childhood and adolescence. In P. J. Bauer & R. Fivish (Eds.), The Wiley Handbook on The Development of Children’s Memory (p. 568-585). Wiley.
Fivush, R., & Nelson, K. (2004). Culture and language in the emergence of autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 15(9), 573-577. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00722.x
Fivush, R., Haden, C. A., & Reese, E. (2023). Parent–child autobiographical reminiscing as a foundation for literacy, memory, and science education. In R. Logie, N. Cowan, S. Gathercole, R. Engle, & Z. Wen (Eds.), Memory in Science for Society: There is nothing as practical as a good theory (pp. 273–294). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849069.003.0011
Léonard, C., Geurten, M., & Willems, S. (2020). L’influence du style de réminiscence parentale sur le développement des mémoires autobiographique et épisodique. Revue de neuropsychologie, Volume 12(3), 299‑307. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0586
Wu, Y., & Jobson, L. (2019). Maternal reminiscing and child autobiographical memory elaboration: A meta-analytic review. Developmental Psychology, 55(12), 2505–2521. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000821
2017-12-04
2023-05-27
highly elaborative reminiscing style
Les mères adoptant un style de réminiscence fortement élaboré parlent très fréquemment du passé avec leur enfant en lui posant de nombreuses questions. Elles intègrent ses réponses dans l'histoire en construction, l'encouragent à participer à la conversation et ajoutent leurs propres commentaires dans le récit. Ce style conversationnel aiderait l'enfant à mieux se souvenir du passé et à mieux organiser ses récits autobiographiques.
Mothers who use a highly elaborative reminiscence style often talk with their child about the past by asking many questions. They incorporate the child's answers into the construction of the story, encourage participation in the conversation, and add their own comments to the story. This conversational style is thought to help children better remember the past and organize their autobiographical narratives.
high elaborative reminiscing style
style de réminiscence fortement élaboré

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
Bauer, P. J. (2015). A complementary processes account of the development of childhood amnesia and a personal past. Psychological Review, 122(2), 204–231. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038939 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Hayne, H., & Jack, F. (2011). Childhood amnesia. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 2(2), 136–145. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.107 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Henri, V., & Henri, C. (1896). Enquête sur les premiers souvenirs de l’enfance. L’Année Psychologique, 3(1), 184–198. https://doi.org/10.3406/psy.1896.1831 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Jack, F., & Hayne, H. (2007). Eliciting adults’ earliest memories : Does it matter how we ask the question? Memory, 15(6), 647‑663. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701467087 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Madsen, H. B., & Kim, J. H. (2016). Ontogeny of memory : An update on 40 years of work on infantile amnesia. Behavioural Brain Research, 298, 4–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2015.07.030 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
Miles, C. (1895). A study of individual psychology. The American Journal of Psychology, 6(4), 534-558. https://doi.org/10.2307/1411191 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Perret, P. (2011). L’amnésie infantile : les perspectives tirées de la psychologie développementale. Devenir, 23(4), 379–395. https://doi.org/10.3917/dev.114.0379 [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Peterson, C. (2021). What is your earliest memory? It depends. Memory, 29(6), 811‑822. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2021.1918174 [Document type: empirical study / Access: open]
Rubin, D. C. (2000). The distribution of early childhood memories. Memory, 8(4), 265‑269. https://doi.org/10.1080/096582100406810 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
Tustin, K., & Hayne, H. (2010). Defining the boundary : Age-related changes in childhood amnesia. Developmental Psychology, 46(5), 1049‑1061. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020105 [Document type: empirical study / Access: closed]
2023-09-05
Antoine Bouyeure
amnésie de l’enfance
childhood amnesia
infantile forgetting
oubli infantile
Inability to retrieve autobiographical memories from the earliest years of life. Some researchers distinguish between absolute infantile amnesia, with almost no memory up to 2 years of age, and relative infantile amnesia (also called childhood amnesia) up to 6-7 years of age which is characterized by sparse and incomplete memories.
Incapacité à récupérer des souvenirs autobiographiques datant des toutes premières années de la vie. Certains chercheurs distinguent une amnésie infantile absolue, jusqu’à 2 ans, sans presque aucun souvenir, et une amnésie relative (dite aussi amnésie de l’enfance), jusque vers 6-7 ans, caractérisée par des souvenirs épars et incomplets.

amnésie infantile
infantile amnesia

Frank Arnould
Sperling, G. (1960). The information available in brief visual presentations. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 74(11), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0093759
2017-12-04
2021-07-16
magasin visuel précatégoriel
mémoire sensorielle visuelle
persistance visuelle
precategorical visual store
visual persistence
visual sensory memory
Mémoire sensorielle spécialisée dans les informations visuelles.
Sensory memory for visual information.

iconic memory
mémoire iconique

Frank Arnould
Balota, D. A., & Lorch, R. F. (1986). Depth of automatic spreading activation: Mediated priming effects in pronunciation but not in lexical decision. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 12(3), 336-345. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.12.3.336
De Groot, A. M. B. (1983). The range of automatic spreading activation in word priming. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22(4), 417-436. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(83)90273-6
2017-12-04
2023-03-22
amorçage médiatisé
mediated priming
Forme d'amorçage sémantique entre deux mots qui ne sont pas directement reliés sémantiquement, mais partageant un associé (par exemple, LION-RAYURES, médiateur TIGRE).
Type of semantic priming between words that are not directly semantically related but share an associate (e.g., LION-STRIPES mediator TIGER).
effet d'amorçage médiatisé
mediated priming effect

Frank Arnould
Giffard, B., Desgranges, B., Kerrouche, N., Piolino, P., & Eustache, F. (2003). The hyperpriming phenomenon in normal aging: A consequence of cognitive slowing? Neuropsychology, 17(4), 594-601. https://doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.17.4.594
Giffard, B., Desgranges, B., Nore-Mary, F., Lalevée, C., Sayette, V. de la, Pasquier, F., & Eustache, F. (2001). The nature of semantic memory deficits in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain, 124(8), 1522-1532. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/124.8.1522
Giffard, B., Desgranges, B., Nore‐Mary, F., Lalevée, C., Beaunieux, H., Sayette, V. de la, … Eustache, F. (2002). The dynamic time course of semantic memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease: clues from hyperpriming and hypopriming effects. Brain, 125(9), 2044-2057. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awf209
2017-12-04
2021-06-25
hyperamorçage
hyperpriming
Augmentation de l'effet d'amorçage sémantique qui a pu être observée, dans certains cas, dans la démence de type Alzheimer ou le vieillissement normal.
Increase of the semantic priming effect observed in Alzheimer's disease and normal aging.
effet d'hyperamorçage
hyperpriming effect

Frank Arnould
Davis, S. W., Dennis, N. A., Daselaar, S. M., Fleck, M. S., & Cabeza, R. (2008). Que PASA? The Posterior-Anterior Shift in Aging. Cerebral Cortex, 18(5), 1201-1209. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhm155
2017-12-04
2023-05-27
PASA
PASA
Posterior-Anterior Shift in Aging
Model of cognitive aging. Aging increases activation in the prefrontal cortex while decreasing activation in the occipital cortex during cognitive tasks, particularly in memory tasks (working memory, encoding and retrieval in episodic memory). The high recruitment of the prefrontal cortex in the elderly is thought to be an indicator of their attempts to compensate for their cognitive difficulties.
Modèle du vieillissement cognitif. Avec l'avancée en âge, augmentation de l'activation dans le cortex préfrontal et baisse de l'activation dans le cortex occipital pendant la réalisation de tâches cognitives, et en particulier dans des tâches de mémoire (mémoire de travail, codage et récupération en mémoire épisodique). Le recrutement plus prononcé du cortex préfrontal chez les personnes âgées serait un indicateur de leurs tentatives de compensation de leurs difficultés cognitives.
Posterior-Anterior Shift in Ageing
PASA Model
modèle PASA

2023-03-07
Frank Arnould
2023-04-12
Multidisciplinaire
Multidisciplinary
Animal
Animal
Homme
Human
cognitive ageing
cognitive aging
vieillissement cognitif

Frank Arnould
Delaney, P. F., Nghiem, K. N., & Waldum, E. R. (2009). The selective directed forgetting effect: Can people forget only part of a text?: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210902770049
2020-06-02
2023-09-04
Dans certaines circonstances, moins bonne performance de la mémoire pour certains éléments d’une liste que le sujet a été convié d’oublier.
In some conditions, poorer memory performance for some items on a list that the subject has been asked to forget.
effet d'oubli dirigé sélectif
selective directed forgetting effect

Frank Arnould
Storm, B. C., & Patel, T. N. (2014). Forgetting as a consequence and enabler of creative thinking. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40(6), 1594-1609. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000006
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Phénomène découvert pendant l'étude des relations entre mémoire et pensée créative. Le fait de générer de nouveaux usages à des objets peut provoquer l'oubli des usages étudiés précédemment.
The phenomenon discovered during the study of the relationship between memory and creative thinking. The fact of generating new uses for objects can cause previously studied uses to be forgotten.
oubli induit par la pensée
thinking-induced forgetting

Frank Arnould
Barnes, J. M., & Underwood, B. J. (1959). “Fate” of first-list associations in transfer theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58(2), 97–105. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0047507
2017-12-04
2023-03-28
Modified Modified Free Recall
Les sujets doivent apprendre une première liste de paires de stimuli A-B. Ils étudient ensuite une liste de paires A-C. Puis on leur présente les stimuli A et ils doivent rappeler à la fois les stimuli B et C dans n'importe quel ordre. Plus la liste A-C est maîtrisée, moins les items B seront rappelés et plus les items C seront mieux récupérés (Barnes et Underwood, 1959). Cette procédure est censée éliminer la compétition entre les réponses B et C au moment du rappel.
Subjects are asked to study a first list of A-B pairs of stimuli. They then study a list of A-C pairs. They are subsequently presented with stimulus A and asked to remember both stimuli B and C in any order. The more the A-C list is mastered, the less the B items are recalled and the more the C items are recalled (Barnes and Underwood, 1959). This procedure is designed to eliminate competition between responses B and C at the time of recall.
MMFR procedure
procédure MMFR

Frank Arnould
Melton, A. W., & Irwin, J. M. (1940). The influence of degree of interpolated learning on retroactive inhibition and the overt transfer of specific responses. The American Journal of Psychology, 53(2), 173-203. https://doi.org/10.2307/1417415
2017-12-04
2022-04-01
Processus par lequel l’association entre un indice et une réponse est affaiblie par l’apprentissage d’une association entre cet indice et une nouvelle réponse.
The process by which the association between a cue and a response is weakened by learning an association between that cue and a new response.
associative unlearning
désapprentissage associatif

Frank Arnould
Abelson, R. (1981). Psychological status of the script concept. American Psychologist, 36(7), 715–729. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.36.7.715
Bower, G. H., Black, J. B., & Turner, T. J. (1979). Scripts in memory for text. Cognitive Psychology, 11(2), 177–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(79)90009-4
Schank, R.C., & Abelson, R.P. (1977). Scripts, plans, goals and understanding: An inquiry into human knowledge structures. Erlbaum.
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Représentation schématique de situations consistant en une organisation de séquences stéréotypées d'actions (Shank et Abelson, 1977).
Schematic representation of situations by an organization of stereoptyped sequences of actions.
scenari
scripts
scénarios
script
scénario

Frank Arnould
McGeoch, J. A. (1932). Forgetting and the law of disuse. Psychological Review, 39(4), 352–370. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0069819
Thorndike, E. L. (1913). Educational psychology: The psychology of learning (Vol. 2). Teachers College, Columbia University.
2017-12-04
2022-02-11
loi de l'abandon
loi de la non-utilisation
« Lorsqu'une connexion modifiable n'est pas établie entre une situation et une réponse pendant un certain temps, la force de cette connexion diminue. » (Thorndike, 1913, p. 4).
“When a modifiable connection is not made between a situation and a response during a length of time, that connection’s strength is decreased.“ (Thorndike, 1913, p. 4).
En 1932, le psychologue John McGeoch montra les limites de cette loi. Des associations acquises peuvent persister même si elles ne sont pas utilisées. Par exemple, après extinction d’un conditionnement et une période de repos, le stimulus conditionné retrouve en partie son action sur la réponse conditionnée. Le phénomène de réminiscence est une autre exception à la loi évoquée par McGeogh. Quand la mémoire est testée à plusieurs reprises, les personnes peuvent se souvenir de nouvelles informations qu’elles n’avaient pas rappelées dans les tests précédents. De plus, l’usage d’associations acquises peut, dans certains cas, conduire à leur affaiblissement.
In 1932, the psychologist John McGeoch showed the limits of this law. Acquired associations can persist even if they are not used. For example, after the extinction of a conditioning and a period of rest, the conditioned stimulus regains some of its action on the conditioned response. The phenomenon of reminiscence is another exception to the law mentioned by McGeogh. When memory is tested repeatedly, people may recall new information that they had not recalled in previous tests. Moreover, the use of acquired associations can, in some cases, lead to their weakening.
law of disuse
loi de l'inutilisation

Frank Arnould
Eakin, D. K. (2005). Illusions of knowing : Metamemory and memory under conditions of retroactive interference. Journal of Memory and Language, 52(4), 526‑534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2005.01.009
2017-12-04
2022-04-04
POK
prédiction de savoir
A metamemory judgment whereby a subject predicts his or her memory performance on a subsequent recall test (Eakin, 2005).
Jugement métamnésique consistant à prédire sa performance mnésique dans un futur test de rappel (Eakin, 2005).
predictions of knowing
prédictions de connaissance
prédictions de savoir
prediction of knowing
prédiction de connaissance

Frank Arnould
Nelson, T. O., & Narens, L. (1990). Metamemory: A theoretical framework and new findings. In G. Bower (Ed.), Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 26, pp. 125–173). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(08)60053-5
Underwood, B. J. (1966). Individual and group predictions of item difficulty for free learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71(5), 673-679. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023107
2017-12-04
2022-04-04
"predictions about what will be easy/difficult to learn, either in terms of which items will be easiest or in terms of which strategies will make learning easiest." (Nelson & Narens, 1990, p. 130).
« prédictions sur ce qui sera facile/difficile à apprendre, portant soit sur les items jugés les plus faciles, soit sur les stratégies facilitant l'apprentissage. » (Nelson & Narens, p. 130).
ease of learning
facilité d'apprentissage

Frank Arnould
Tauber, S. K., & Rhodes, M. G. (2012). Measuring memory monitoring with judgements of retention (JORs). Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(7), 1376-1396. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.656665
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
JOR
Jugement métamnésique consistant à prédire la durée de rétention d'une information.
Metamemory judgment consisting in predicting the retention duration of information.
judgement of retention
judgements of retention
judgments of retention
jugements de rétention
judgment of retention
jugement de rétention

Frank Arnould
Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X
2017-12-04
2021-10-08
traitement de type I
type I processing
Dans la théorie des niveaux de traitement, type de répétition mentale consistant simplement à maintenir actifs des éléments en mémoire.
In levels of processing theory, type of rehearsal consisting of simply keeping items active in memory.
maintenance rehearsal
répétition de maintien

Frank Arnould
Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80001-X
2017-12-04
2021-08-10
traitement de type II
type II processing
Dans la théorie des niveaux de traitement, type de répétition au cours de laquelle s'effectue un traitement profond (sémantique) des items.
In levels of processing theory, type of rehearsal during which deep (semantic) processing of items is performed.

elaborative rehearsal
répétition élaborée

Frank Arnould
Reber, R., & Schwarz, N. (1999). Effects of perceptual fluency on judgments of truth. Consciousness and Cognition, 8(3), 338–342. https://doi.org/10.1006/ccog.1999.0386
2017-12-04
2023-04-19
Judgment of the ease with which items are perceived. Perceptual fluency can be used by the subjects as an indicator of the item familiarity.
Jugement de la facilité avec laquelle sont perçus des items. La fluence perceptive peut être utilisée par les sujets comme un indicateur de la familiarité des items.

fluence perceptive
perceptual fluency

Frank Arnould
Benjamin, A. S., & Bjork, R. A. (1996). Retrieval fluency as a metacognitive index. In L. M. Reder (Ed.), Implicit Memory and Metacognition (p. 309-338). Erlbaum.
Benjamin, A. S., Bjork, R. A., & Schwartz, B. L. (1998). The mismeasure of memory: when retrieval fluency is misleading as a metamnemonic index. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 127(1), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-3445.127.1.55
Kelley, C. M., & Rhodes, M. G. (2002). Making sense and nonsense of experience: Attributions in memory and judgment. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 41, p. 293-320). Academic Press.
2017-12-04
2021-09-07
Judgment of the ease with which information comes to mind when trying to find it in memory. Fluency of retrieval can be used as a not always relevant metacognitive cue for the accuracy of the information recollected: the more retrieval is supposed to be easy, the more information is said to be correct.
Jugement de la facilité avec laquelle une information vient à l'esprit lorsqu'on essaye de la retrouver en mémoire. La fluence de la récupération peut être utilisée comme un indice métacognitif, pas toujours pertinent, de l'exactitude de l'information recouvrée : plus la récupération serait facile, plus l'information serait correcte.
fluence de la récupération
retrieval fluency

Frank Arnould
Beiner, G. (2014). Probing the boundaries of Irish memory : From postmemory to prememory and back. Irish Historical Studies, 39(154), 296‑307. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021121400019106
Hirsch, M. (2014a). Presidential Address 2014—Connective Histories in Vulnerable Times. PMLA, 129(3), 330‑348. https://doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2014.129.3.330
Hirsch, M. (2014b). Postmémoire. Témoigner. Entre histoire et mémoire. Revue pluridisciplinaire de la Fondation Auschwitz, 118, 205‑206. https://doi.org/10.4000/temoigner.1274
2020-10-05
2023-09-04
"The relationship that later generations or distant contemporary witnesses bear to the personal, collective, and cultural trauma of others—to experiences they 'remember' or know only by means of stories, images, and behaviors" (Hirsch, 2014a).
« Le terme de postmémoire décrit la relation que la « génération d’après » entretient avec le trauma culturel, collectif et personnel vécu par ceux qui l’ont précédée, il concerne ainsi des expériences dont cette génération d’après ne se « souvient » que par le biais d’histoires, d’images et de comportements parmi lesquels elle a grandi . » (Hirsch, 2014b).
post-mémoire
postmemory
postmémoire

Frank Arnould
Huk, A. C., Dougherty, R. F., & Heeger, D. J. (2002). Retinotopy and functional subdivision of human areas MT and MST. The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 22(16), 7195–7205. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.22-16-07195.2002
Watson, J. D. G., Myers, R., Frackowiak, R. S. J., Hajnal, J. V., Woods, R. P., Mazziotta, J. C., … Zeki, S. (1993). Area V5 of the human brain: Evidence from a combined study using Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Cerebral Cortex, 3(2), 79–94. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/3.2.79
2017-12-04
2021-07-15
Region of the brain located in the inferior temporal sulcus, involved in the perception and memory of movements. It is composed of the sub-region MT (middle temporal area), involved in the processing of motion in the contralateral visual field, and the subregion MST (medial superior temporal area), involved in the processing of motion in the contralateral and ipsilateral fields.
Région du cerveau, localisée dans le sulcus temporal inférieur, impliquée dans la perception et la mémoire des mouvements. Elle est composée de la sous-région MT (middle temporal area), intervenant dans le traitement du mouvement dans le champ visuel controlatéral, et la sous-région MST (medial superior temporal area), intervenant dans le traitement du mouvement dans les champs controlatéral et ipsilatéral.
MT+ area
aire MT+

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
2018-09-05
2023-04-03
A procedure in classical conditioning consisting of separating the conditioned stimulus from the unconditioned stimulus by a time interval.
Procédure de conditionnement classique consistant à séparer par un intervalle de temps le stimulus conditionnel du stimulus inconditionnel.

conditionnement de trace
trace conditioning

Frank Arnould
Doré, F.-Y., & Mercier, P. (1992). Les fondements de l’apprentissage et de la cognition. Presses Universitaires de Lille.
2018-09-13
2021-08-10
En conditionnement classique, procédure consistant à présenter le stimulus conditionnel au moins jusqu'au début de la présentation du stimulus inconditionnel.
In classical conditioning, procedure consisting of presenting the conditioned stimulus at least until the beginning of the presentation of the unconditioned stimulus.
conditionnement différé
delay conditioning

2023-06-29
Frank Arnould
Baddeley, A., Brewin, C. R., Davies, G. M., Kopelman, M. D., & MacQueen, H. L. (2023). Legal aspects of memory: A summary of scientific evidence issued by the Psychology and Law Sections of the British Academy. Journal of the British Academy, 11, a1–a45. https://doi.org/10.5871/jba/011.095-annex [Document type: literature review / Access: open]
Bull, R. (2018). PEACE‐ful Interviewing/Interrogation. In K. Shigemasu, S. Kuwano, T. Sato, & T. Matsuzawa (Eds.), Diversity in harmony—Insights from psychology: Proceedings of the 31st International Congress of Psychology (pp. 189–210). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119362081.ch10 [Document type: literature review / Access: closed]
2023-09-04
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
PEACE interview technique
PEACE interviewing model
PEACE method of interrogation
PEACE method of investigative interviewing
PEACE model
An investigative interview technique used in England and Wales with adults suspects and complainants. The procedure "involves five discrete stages: Planning and preparation; Engage and explain; Account, clarification, and challenge; Closure, and Evaluation. Before any questioning, interviewers are taught to build rapport with the witness, to ensure that the interview is a two-way conversation, with witnesses feeling free to use their own words and express uncertainty if they do not know the answer to a question." (Baddeley et al., 2023, p. 15).
Technique d'entretien d'enquête utilisée en Angleterre et au Pays de Galles avec des suspects et des plaignants adultes. La procédure « comprend cinq étapes distinctes : planification et préparation ; engagement et explication ; compte rendu, clarification et remise en question ; clôture et évaluation [Planning and preparation; Engage and explain; Account, clarification, and challenge; Closure, and Evaluation]. Avant tout interrogatoire, les enquêteurs apprennent à établir une relation de confiance avec le témoin, afin de s'assurer que l'entretien est une conversation dans les deux sens, les témoins se sentant libres d'utiliser leurs propres mots et d'exprimer leur incertitude s'ils ne connaissent pas la réponse à une question. » (Baddeley et al., 2023, p. 15).

Modèle d’entretien PEACE
PEACE interview model

Frank Arnould
Thorndike, E. L. (1913). Educational psychology: The psychology of learning (Vol. 2). Teachers College, Columbia University.
2017-12-04
2021-08-09
law of frequency
law of practice
law of repetition
loi de la fréquence
loi de la pratique
loi de la répétition
« Lorsqu'une connexion modifiable est établie entre une situation et une réponse, la force de cette connexion est, toutes choses égales par ailleurs, accrue. Par force d'une connexion, on entend approximativement la probabilité que la connexion se fasse lorsque la situation se reproduit. » (Thorndike, 1913, p. 2).
“When a modifiable connection is made between a situation and a response, that connection’s strength is, other things being equal, increased. By the strength of a connection is meant roughly the probability that the connection will be made when the situation recurs.“ (Thorndike, 1913, p. 2).
law of use
loi de l'utilisation

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2022-01-11
Dans un réseau de neurones, type de mémoire permettant de retrouver un souvenir à partir d’un fragment de celui-ci.
In a neural network, type of memory in which an item can be retrieved from a fragment of it.

auto-associative memories
mémoires autoassociatives
auto-associative memory
mémoire autoassociative

Brown, S. D., & Heathcote, A. (2008). The simplest complete model of choice response time: Linear ballistic accumulation. Cognitive Psychology, 57(3), 153–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2007.12.002
Heathcote, A., & Matzke, D. (2022). Winner takes all! What are race models, and why and how should psychologists use them? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 31(5), 383–394. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221095852
2023-03-13
Frank Arnould
2023-03-15
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
ABL
LBA
LBA
A mathematical model in which decision-making is based on linear and independent accumulators of evidence for each possible response until a decision threshold is reached in favor of one of them.
Modèle mathématique selon lequel la prise de décision repose sur des accumulateurs de preuves linéaires et indépendants pour chaque réponse possible jusqu'à ce qu'un seuil de décision soit atteint en faveur de l'une d'elles.
linear ballistic accumulator model
modèle d'accumulateur balistique linéaire

Barbeau, E. J., Ronat, L., & Didic, M. (2020). Études de cas et neuropsychologie de la mémoire : Et maintenant, c’est fini ? Revue de neuropsychologie, 12(1), 19‑25. https://doi.org/10.1684/nrp.2020.0536
2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Homme
Human
cas clinique
case study
clinical case
étude de cas
cas cliniques
case studies
clinical cases
patients
patients
études de cas
patient
patient

Frank Arnould
2017-12-04
2018-04-11
Mémoire sensorielle spécialisée dans les informations tactiles.
Sensory memory for tactile information.

haptic memory
mémoire haptique

Frank Arnould
Darwin, C. J., Turvey, M. T., & Crowder, R. G. (1972). An auditory analogue of the Sperling partial report procedure: Evidence for brief auditory storage. Cognitive Psychology, 3(2), 255-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(72)90007-2
Kinukawa, T., Takeuchi, N., Sugiyama, S., Nishihara, M., Nishiwaki, K., & Inui, K. (2019). Properties of echoic memory revealed by auditory-evoked magnetic fields. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 12260. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48796-9
2017-12-04
2022-03-25
auditory persistence
auditory sensory memory
magasin acoustique précatégoriel
mémoire sensorielle auditive
persistance auditive
precategorical acoustic store
Mémoire sensorielle spécialisée dans les informations auditives.
Sensory memory for auditory information.

echoic memory
mémoire échoïque

2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Homme
Human
individu par aptitude
individual by aptitude
individuals by aptitude
individus par aptitude
personnes par aptitude
persons by aptitude
person by aptitude
personne par aptitude

Frank Arnould
Archer, H. A., Newson, M. A., & Coulthard, E. J. (2015). Subjective memory complaints: Symptoms and outcome in different research settings. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 48(S1), S109–S114. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-150108
Derouesné, C., & Lacomblez, L. (2000). La plainte mnésique : épidémiologie et démarche diagnostic. Presse Medicale, 29(15), 858–862.
Perfect, T., Lindsay, D. S., Perfect, T. J., & Lindsay, D. . (2014). Memory complaints in adulthood and old age. In The SAGE Handbook of Applied Memory (p. 423–443). 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446294703
2017-12-04
2023-03-31
déclin mnésique subjectif
memory discontentment
perte de mémoire subjective
perte mnésique subjective
plainte mnésique subjective
subjective memory complaint
subjective memory decline
subjective memory impairment
subjective memory loss
trouble de la mémoire subjectif
Subjective assessment of our own memory problems.
Évaluation subjective des difficultés (réelles ou supposées) de sa mémoire.
memory complaints
pertes de mémoire subjectives
pertes mnésiques subjectives
plaintes mnésiques
plaintes mnésiques subjectives
subjective memory complaints
subjective memory impairments
subjective memory losses
troubles de la mémoire subjectifs
memory complaint
plainte mnésique

Beaudoin, M., Agrigoroaei, S., Desrichard, O., Fournet, N., & Roulin, J.-L. (2008). Validation of the French version of the Memory Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. European Review of Applied Psychology, 58(3), 165–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2007.09.001
Berry, J. M., West, R. L., & Dennehey, D. M. (1989). Reliability and validity of the Memory Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Developmental Psychology, 25(5), 701–713. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.25.5.701
2023-06-14
Frank Arnould
2023-06-14
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
MSEQ
MSEQ
Questionnaire pour adultes qui décrit dix tâches de mémoire et pour lesquelles les sujets doivent évaluer leurs aptitudes mnésiques (Berry et al., 1989).
“a rationally constructed, paper-and-pencil task that describes 10 memory tasks for which subjects assess their memory abilities.“ (Berry et al., 1989, p. 703). The questionnaire is designed for adults.
A French version is available (Beaudoin et al., 2008).
Une version française est disponible (Beaudoin et al., 2008).
Memory Self-Efficacy Questionnaire
Questionnaire d’auto-efficacité mnésique

Gopi, Y., & Madan, C. R. (in press). Subjective memory measures: Metamemory questionnaires currently in use. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 17470218231183855. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218231183855
Zelinski, E. M., & Gilewski, M. J. (2004). A 10-item Rasch modeled memory self-efficacy scale. Aging & Mental Health, 8(4), 293–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607860410001709665
2023-06-14
Frank Arnould
2023-07-18
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
FOF-10
FOF-10
Forgetting-10 Scale
A 10-item questionnaire for adults assessing memory self-efficacy/complaints in everyday memory tasks.
Questionnaire de 10 items pour adultes évaluant le sentiment d’efficacité mnésique/plainte mnésique dans des tâches de mémoire de la vie quotidienne.
Forgetting-10
Frequency of Forgetting-10 Scale
Échelle de fréquence de l’oubli-10

Schmand, B., Jonker, C., Hooijer, C., & Lindeboom, J. (1996). Subjective memory complaints may announce dementia. Neurology, 46(1), 121–125. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.46.1.121
2023-06-14
Frank Arnould
2023-06-14
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
SMCS
SMCS
A 10-item questionnaire to assess memory complaints in adults.
Questionnaire de 10 items permettant d’évaluer la plainte mnésique chez l’adulte.
Subjective Memory Complaints Scale
Échelle de plaintes mnésiques subjective

Balzamo, M., Barbeau, E., Ceccaldi, M., Mancini, J., & Ali Chérif, A. (2009). L’Echelle d’Intensité de la Plainte Mnésique (EIPM): Un outil de quantification de la plainte mnésique réellement exprimée par la personne. Revue Neurologique, 165(10, Supplement 1), 79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0035-3787(09)72653-0
2023-06-14
Frank Arnould
2023-06-14
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
EIPM
A 10-item self-report questionnaire designed to assess memory complaints for adults under three categories: history of memory changes, impact on daily life, medicalisation/nosophobia (Balzamo et al., 2009).
Questionnaire de 10 items d’auto-évaluation de la plainte mnésique chez l'adulte, répartis en trois rubriques : historique des modifications de la mémoire, répercussions dans la vie quotidienne, médicalisation/nosophobie (Balzamo et al., 2009).
Memory Complaint Intensity Scale
Échelle d’intensité de la plainte mnésique

Gass, C. S., Patten, B., Penate, A., & Rhodes, A. (2021). The Cognitive Difficulties Scale (CDS): Psychometric characteristics in a clinical referral sample. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 27(4), 351–364. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617720001058
McNair, D.M. & Kahn, R.J. (1983). Self-assessment of cognitive deficits. In T. Crook, S. Ferris, & R. Bartus (Eds.), Assessment in geriatric psychopharmacology (pp. 119–136). Mark Powley.
2023-03-31
Frank Arnould
2023-03-31
Psychologie
Psychology
Homme
Human
CDS
CDS
Questionnaire de difficultés cognitives
Questionnaire qui évalue la fréquence avec laquelle les personnes perçoivent des difficultés mnésiques et cognitives rencontrées dans la vie quotidienne durant le mois précédent.
Questionnaire that assesses the frequency with which people perceive memory and cognitive difficulties encountered in daily life during the previous month.
Cognitive Difficulties Scale
échelle de difficultés cognitives

Frank Arnould
Coltheart, M. (1980). Iconic memory and visible persistence. Perception & psychophysics, 27(3), 183–228. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03204258
2017-12-04
2021-08-11
First component of the iconic memory, very brief, giving the impression that the stimulus is still visible after its physical offset.
Premier composant de la mémoire iconique, de durée très brève, donnant l'impression que le stimulus est toujours visible après son retrait physique.
persistance visible
visible persistance

Frank Arnould
Coltheart, M. (1980). Iconic memory and visible persistence. Perception & psychophysics, 27(3), 183–228. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03204258
Loftus, G. R., & Irwin, D. E. (1998). On the relations among different measures of visible and informational persistence. Cognitive Psychology, 35(2), 135-199. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1998.0678
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Second composant de la mémoire iconique correspondant à la persistance de la nature visuelle du stimulus, lequel n'est plus visible.
The second component of iconic memory corresponding to the persistence of the visual properties of a stimulus which is no longer visible.
informational persistence
persistance informationnelle

Frank Arnould
Jiang, L., Cui, H., Zhang, C., Cao, X., Gu, N., Zhu, Y., Wang, J., Yang, Z., & Li, C. (2021). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for improving cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2020.593000
Widhalm, M. L., & Rose, N. S. (2019). How can transcranial magnetic stimulation be used to causally manipulate memory representations in the human brain? WIREs Cognitive Science, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1469
2022-04-23
2023-09-04
SMTr
rTMS
"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive method of brain stimulation in which a train of magnetic pulses is delivered to a speciﬁc target location of the brain […]. rTMS involves trains of magnetic pulses of various frequencies and intensities. As a general rule, high frequencies ( ≥ 5 Hz) increase cortical excitability and low frequencies ( ≤ 1 Hz) suppress it […]" (Jiang et al., 2021).
« La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétitive (SMTr) est une méthode non invasive de stimulation cérébrale dans laquelle un train d'impulsions magnétiques est délivré au niveau d'une localisation cible spécifique du cerveau [...]. La SMTr implique des trains d'impulsions magnétiques de différentes fréquences et intensités. En règle générale, les hautes fréquences ( ≥ 5 Hz) augmentent l'excitabilité corticale et les basses fréquences ( ≤ 1 Hz) la suppriment […] » (Jiang et al., 2021).
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétitive

Frank Arnould
Alba, J. W., Chromiak, W., Hasher, L., & Attig, M. S. (1980). Automatic encoding of category size information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 6(4), 370-378. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.6.4.370
2017-12-04
2023-03-23
Des exemplaires appartenant à différentes catégories sémantiques sont présentés au sujet. Celui-ci doit ensuite se souvenir du nombre d'exemplaires de chaque catégorie.
The subject is presented with exemplars belonging to different semantic categories. The subject then has to remember the number of exemplars for each category.
categorical frequency estimation
estimation de la fréquence catégorielle

Frank Arnould
Koppenaal, L., & Glanzer, M. (1990). An examination of the continuous distractor task and the « long-term recency effect ». Memory & Cognition, 18(2), 183-195. https:/:doi.org/10.3758/BF03197094
Neath, I. (1993). Contextual and distinctive processes and the serial position function. Journal of Memory and Language, 32(6), 820-840. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1993.1041
2017-12-04
2023-03-15
Dans une tâche de distraction continue, disparition ou atténuation de l'effet de récence à long terme quand la nature de la tâche de distraction (par exemple, une tâche d'arithmétique) à réaliser entre chaque présentation d'items est différente de la nature de la tâche de distraction à exécuter après la présentation du dernier item (par exemple, une tâche de lecture de mots).
In a continuous distraction task, disappearance or attenuation of the long-term recency effect when the nature of the distraction task (e.g. an arithmetic task) required between each presentation of items is different from the nature of the distraction task to perform after the presentation of the last item (e.g. a word reading task).
changing distractor effect
effet du changement de distraction

2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Homme
Human
Child aged 6 to 12 years.
Enfant âgé de 6 à 12 ans.
enfants d'âge scolaire
school-aged children
enfant d'âge scolaire
school-aged child

2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Homme
Human
early adolescence
early adolescent
préadolescence
Aged 10 to 13 years.
Âgé de 10 à 13 ans.
early adolescents
preadolescents
préadolescents
preadolescent
préadolescent

2023-03-06
Frank Arnould
2023-04-04
Homme
Human
preschooler
préscolaire
Child aged 2 to 5 years.
Enfant âgé de 2 à 5 ans.
enfants d'âge préscolaire
preschool-aged children
preschoolers
préscolaires
enfant d'âge préscolaire
preschool-aged child

Animal
Animal

Nombre de membres : 214.
Number of members: 214.

Homme
Human

Nombre de membres : 1439.
Number of members: 1439.

Multidisciplinaire
Multidisciplinary

Nombre de membres : 28.
Number of members: 28.

Informatics
Informatique

Nombre de membres : 43.
Number of members: 43.

Psychologie
Psychology

Nombre de membres : 1213.
Number of members: 1213.

Neurologie
Neurology

Nombre de membres : 67.
Number of members: 67.

Philosophie
Philosophy

Nombre de membres : 10.
Number of members: 10.

Sociologie
Sociology

Nombre de membres : 6.
Number of members: 6.

Psychophysiologie
Psychophysiology

Nombre de membres : 30.
Number of members: 30.

Neurophysiologie
Neurophysiology

Nombre de membres : 50.
Number of members: 50.

2023-09-05

Regroupement thématique Mémoire et justice
Thematic grouping Memory and Law

Nombre de membres : 139.
Number of members: 139.

Neuropsychologie
Neuropsychology

Nombre de membres : 112.
Number of members: 112.

Linguistics
Linguistique / Sciences du langage

Nombre de membres : 8.
Number of members: 8.

Probability / Statistics
Probabilités / Statistiques

Nombre de membres : 35.
Number of members: 35.

Logics
Logique

Nombre de membres : 2.
Number of members: 2.

Genetics
Génétique

Nombre de membres : 3.
Number of members: 3.

Ethologie
Ethology

Nombre de membres : 1.
Number of members: 1.

Psychiatrie
Psychiatry

Nombre de membres : 7.
Number of members: 7.

Grouping by subject field
Regroupement par domaine
Nombre de membres : 15.
Number of members: 15.

Grouping by study population
Regroupement par population d'étude
Nombre de membres : 2.
Number of members: 2.