datasets-CNRS/ThesoTM huggingface dataset:
programming language / langage de programmation
Definition: A language in which source code is written, intended to executed/run by a software interpreter. Programming languages are ways to write instructions that specify what to do, and sometimes, how to do it.
Définition : Langage dans lequel le code source est écrit, destiné à être exécuté par un interpréteur logiciell. Les langages de programmation sont des moyens d'écrire des instructions qui spécifient ce qu'il faut faire, et parfois, comment le faire.
Broader concept: language / langage
information content entity / entité de contenu informationnel
Definition: A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing.
Définition : Un continuant dépendant génériquement qui est à propos d'une chose.
Broader concept: generically dependent continuant / continuant dépendant génériquement
Editorial note: 2014-03-10: The use of "thing" is intended to be general enough to include universals and configurations (see https://groups.google.com/d/msg/information-ontology/GBxvYZCk1oc/-L6B5fSBBTQJ).§§information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some digital_entity in obi before split (040907). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some physical_document in obi before split (040907). Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity that 'is encoded in' some digital or physical entity.
Source: OBI_0000142
directive information entity / entité d'information directive
Definition: An information content entity whose concretizations indicate to their bearer how to realize them in a process.
Définition : Une entité de contenu informationnel dont les concrétisations indiquent à leur porteur comment les réaliser dans un processus.
Broader concept: information content entity / entité de contenu informationnel
Editorial note: 2009-03-16: provenance: a term realizable information entity was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000337) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was "is the specification of a process that can be concretized and realized by an actor" with alternative term "instruction".It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term.§§2013-05-30 Alan Ruttenberg: What differentiates a directive information entity from an information concretization is that it can have concretizations that are either qualities or realizable entities. The concretizations that are realizable entities are created when an individual chooses to take up the direction, i.e. has the intention to (try to) realize it.§§8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Changed label from "information entity about a realizable" after discussions at ICBO§§Werner pushed back on calling it realizable information entity as it isn't realizable. However this name isn't right either. An example would be a recipe. The realizable entity would be a plan, but the information entity isn't about the plan, it, once concretized, *is* the plan. -Alan
algorithm / algorithme
Definition: An algorithm is a set of instructions for performing a paticular calculation.
Définition : Un algorithme est un ensemble d'instructions permettant d'effectuer un calcul particulier.
Broader concept: plan specification / spécification de plan
Source: OBI_0000270§§adapted from discussion on OBI list (Matthew Pocock, Christian Cocos, Alan Ruttenberg)
data format specification / specification du format de données
Definition: A data format specification is the information content borne by the document published defining the specification. Example: The ISO document specifying what encompasses an XML document; The instructions in a XSD file.
Définition : Une spécification de format de données est le contenu informatif porté par le document publié définissant la spécification. Exemple : Le document ISO spécifiant ce qu'englobe un document XML ; les instructions dans un fichier XSD.
Broader concept: directive information entity / entité d'information directive
Editorial note: 2009-03-16: provenance: term imported from OBI_0000187, which had original definition "A data format specification is a plan which organizes information. Example: The ISO document specifying what encompasses an XML document; The instructions in a XSD file"
Source: OBI branch derived§§OBI_0000187
plan specification / spécification de plan
Definition: A directive information entity with action specifications and objective specifications as parts that, when concretized, is realized in a process in which the bearer tries to achieve the objectives by taking the actions specified.
Définition : Une entité d'information directive dont les parties sont des spécifications d'action et des spécifications d'objectif qui, lorsqu'elle est concrétisée, est réalisée dans un processus dans lequel le porteur essaie d'atteindre les objectifs en prenant les actions spécifiées.
Broader concept: directive information entity / entité d'information directive
Scope note: 2/3/2009 Comment from OBI review. Action specification not well enough specified. Conditional specification not well enough specified. Question whether all plan specifications have objective specifications. Request that IAO either clarify these or change definitions not to use them
Editorial note: 2009-03-16: provenance: a term a plan was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000344) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was " a plan is a specification of a process that is realized by an actor to achieve the objective specified as part of the plan". It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term.§§2014-03-31: A plan specification can have other parts, such as conditional specifications.§§Alternative previous definition: a plan is a set of instructions that specify how an objective should be achieved
Source: OBI Plan and Planned Process branch§§OBI_0000344
software library / bibliothèque logicielle
Definition: A software library is software composed of a collection of software modules and/or software methods in a form that can be statically or dynamically linked to some software application.
Définition : Une bibliothèque logicielle est un logiciel composé d'une collection de modules logiciels et/ou de méthodes logicielles sous une forme qui peut être liée statiquement ou dynamiquement à une application logicielle.
Broader concept: software / logiciel
software application / application logicielle
Definition: A software application is software that can be directly executed by some processing unit.
Définition : Une application logicielle est un logiciel qui peut être directement exécuté par une unité de traitement.
Broader concept: software / logiciel
planned process / processus planifié
Definition: A processual entity that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification.
Définition : Une entité processuelle qui réalise un plan qui est la concrétisation d'une spécification de plan.
Broader concept: process / processus
Editorial note: 'Plan' includes a future direction sense. That can be problematic if plans are changed during their execution. There are however implicit contingencies for protocols that an agent has in his mind that can be considered part of the plan, even if the agent didn't have them in mind before. Therefore, a planned process can diverge from what the agent would have said the plan was before executing it, by adjusting to problems encountered during execution (e.g. choosing another reagent with equivalent properties, if the originally planned one has run out.)§§We are only considering successfully completed planned processes. A plan may be modified, and details added during execution. For a given planned process, the associated realized plan specification is the one encompassing all changes made during execution. This means that all processes in which an agent acts towards achieving some objectives is a planned process.
data transformation / tranformation de données
Also known as: data analysis§§data processing / 
Definition: A planned process that produces output data from input data.
Définition : Processus planifié qui produit des données en sortie à partir de données d'entrée.
Broader concept: planned process / processus planifié
Source: Branch editors
annotation / annotation
Also known as: labelling§§tagging / étiquetage
Definition: The process/task of adding annotations to an item to enrich it..Text or corpus annotation refers to the interpretative linguistic information grounded in a knowledge resource that is added manually or automatically to a text or corpus respectively.
Définition : Action d'ajouter des annotations à un élément qui permet d'enrichir celui-ci.L'annotation d'un texte ou d'un corpus fait référence à l'information linguistique interprétative qui est ajoutée manuellement ou automatiquement à un texte ou à un corpus et qui est fondée sur une base de connaissances.
Broader concept: operation / opération
Scope note: A note by way of explanation or comment added to a text or diagram [OED, https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/annotation]. Text or corpus annotation refers to the interpretative linguistic information grounded in a knowledge resource that is added manually or automatically to a text or corpus respectively.
annotation of compounds / annotation de composés
Definition: The task/process of marking compounds (single words composed of two or more free morphemes) and their parts.
Définition : Tâche/processus consistant à marquer les composés (mots simples composés de deux ou plusieurs morphèmes libres) et leurs parties.
Broader concept: morphological annotation / annotation morphologique
Scope note: The task/process of marking compounds (single words composed of two or more free morphemes) and their parts
annotation of derivational features / annotation de caractéristiques dérivationnelles
Definition: The task/process of adding annotations relevant to the derivational level of analysis (e.g. recognizing derivational affixes, tagging their meaning etc.)
Définition : Tâche/processus d'ajout d'annotations pertinentes pour un niveau d'analyse dérivationnel (par exemple, la reconnaissance des affixes dérivationnels, l'étiquetage de leur signification, etc.)
Broader concept: morphological annotation / annotation morphologique
Scope note: The task/process of adding annotations relevant to the derivational level of analysis (e.g. recognizing derivational affixes, tagging their meaning etc.)
annotation of document structure / annotation de la structure du document
Definition: The task/process of annotating the internal structure of a document (e.g. book chapters, sections in a journal article, title, preface, images/figures etc.)
Définition : Tâche/processus d'annotation de la structure interne d'un document (par exemple, les chapitres d'un livre, les sections d'un article de journal, le titre, la préface, les images/figures, etc.)
Broader concept: structural annotation / annotation structurelle
Scope note: The task/process of annotating the internal structure of a document (e.g. book chapters, sections in a journal article, title, preface, images/figures etc.)
annotation of multi-word units / annotation d'unités multi-mots
Definition: The task/process of annotating multi-word units, i.e. combinations of words that are considered as one.
Définition : Tâche/processus d'annotation des unités multi-mots, c'est-à-dire des combinaisons de mots qui sont considérées comme un seul et même mot.
Broader concept: morphological annotation / annotation morphologique
Scope note: The task/process of annotating multi-word units, i.e. combinations of words that are considered as one
argumentation / argumentation
Définition : Action ou processus de poser des raisonnements, den tirer des conclusions et de les appliquer à un cas en discussion [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/argumentation].
Broader concept: discourse annotation / annotation du discours
Scope note: The act or process of forming reasons and of drawing conclusions and applying them to a case in discussion [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/argumentation]
below PoS Tagging / étiquetage morpho-syntaxique de traits morphologiques
Also known as: B-PoS Tagging§§annotation of morphological features / annotation de caractéristiques morphologiques§§annotation de traits morphologiques
Definition: The annotation of words with morphological information besides the part of speech and dependent upon it (e.g. for nouns: gender, number and case; for verbs: tense, number, person etc.)
Définition : Annotation des mots avec des informations morphologiques en plus de la partie du discours (par exemple, pour les noms : genre, nombre et cas ; pour les verbes : temps, nombre, personne, etc.)
Broader concept: morphological annotation§§morphosyntactic tagging / annotation morphologique§§marquage morphosyntaxique
Scope note: The annotation of words with morphological information besides the part of speech and dependent upon it (e.g. for nouns: gender, number and case; for verbs: tense, number, person etc.)
bilingual lexicon induction / induction d'un lexique bilingue
Definition: The task/process of inducing word translations from monolingual or comparable corpora in two languages.
Définition : Tâche/processus d'induction de traductions de mots à partir de corpus monolingues ou comparables dans deux langues.
Broader concept: knowledge acquisition§§support operation for knowledge resources / acquisition de connaissances§§opération d'appui aux ressources de la connaissance
Scope note: The task/process of inducing word translations from monolingual or comparable corpora in two languages
chunking / chunking
Also known as: light parsing§§shallow parsing / 
Definition: The task/process of dividing a sentence into chunks (non-overlapping text segments consisting of a head and preceding function words and/or modifiers).
Définition : Tâche/processus consistant à diviser une phrase en chunks (segments de texte ne se chevauchant pas, composés d'une tête et de mots de fonction et/ou de modificateurs précédents).
Broader concept: parsing / analyse syntaxique
Scope note: The task/process of dividing a sentence into chunks (non-overlapping text segments consisting of a head and preceding function words and/or modifiers)
coreference resolution / résolution de coréférence
Also known as: co-reference resolution / 
Definition: The process/task of determining all linguistic expressions that refer to the same entity in a certain text or across texts.
Définition : Tâche/processus consistant à déterminer toutes les expressions linguistiques qui se réfèrent à la même entité dans un ou plusieurs textes.
Broader concept: linguistic analysis / analyse linguistique
Scope note: The process/task of determining all linguistic expressions that refer to the same entity in a certain text or across texts.
computational argumentation / argumentation computationnelle
Definition: The process/task of identifying and representing argumentation in text, so that systems have the ability to use them in tasks, such as automated logical reasoning.
Définition : Tâche/processus d'identification et de représentation des arguments dans le texte, afin que les systèmes aient la capacité de les utiliser dans des tâches, telles que le raisonnement logique automatisé.
Broader concept: information extraction / extraction d'information
Scope note: The process/task of identifying and representing argumentation in text, so that systems have the ability to use them in tasks, such as automated logical reasoning.
constituency parsing / analyse en constituants
Also known as: phrase parsing / 
Définition : Tâche/processus d'identification et de marquage des constituants (phrases, régies par une tête et comprenant des mots de fonction et/ou des modificateurs) dans un texte ou un segment de texte.
Broader concept: parsing / analyse syntaxique
Scope note: The task/process of identifying and marking constituents (phrases, governed by a head and including function words and/or modifiers ) in a text or text segment
content mining / fouille de contenu
Definition: The automated analysis of large volumes of content of any form or medium (e.g. text, images, videos, graphs, metadata etc.) that leads to the discovery of previously undiscovered information (e.g. identification of relationships between entities).
Définition : L'analyse automatisée de grands volumes de contenu de toute forme ou de tout support (par exemple, textes, images, vidéos, graphiques, métadonnées, etc.) qui conduit à la découverte d'informations jusqu'alors inconnues (par exemple, l'identification de relations entre entités).
Broader concept: operation / opération
Related: text and data mining / fouille de textes et de données
Scope note: The automated analysis of large volumes of content of any form or medium (e.g. text, images, videos, graphs, metadata etc.) that leads to the discovery of previously undiscovered information (e.g. identification of relationships between entities).
contradiction detection / détection de contradictions
Definition: The task/process of identifying conflicting statements (contradictions) in a dataset.
Définition : La tâche/le processus d'identification des déclarations contradictoires (contradictions) dans un ensemble de données.
Broader concept: information extraction / extraction d'information
Scope note: The task/process of identifying conflicting statements (contradictions) in a dataset.
corpus viewing / visualisation de corpus
Definition: The task/process of viewing the contents of a corpus as performed by human beings.
Définition : Tâche/processus de visualisation du contenu d'un corpus tel qu'il est effectué par des êtres humains.
Broader concept: viewing / visionnage
Scope note: The task/process of viewing the contents of a corpus as performed by human beings
web crawling / exploration du web
Also known as: crawling / 
Definition: The use of bots that crawl the web (crawlers) in order to spot content that matches user-set criteria and download them to create large datasets.
Définition : L'utilisation de robots qui parcourent le web (crawlers) afin de repérer les contenus qui correspondent aux critères définis par les utilisateurs et de les télécharger pour créer de grands ensembles de données.
Broader concept: data collection / collecte de données
Scope note: The use of bots that crawl the web (crawlers) in order to spot content that matches user-set criteria and download them to create large datasets.
data collection / collecte de données
Definition: The process of gathering and measuring information on targeted variables in an established systematic fashion, which then enables one to answer relevant questions and evaluate outcomes.
Définition : Processus de collecte et de mesure d'informations sur des variables ciblées d'une manière systématique établie, qui permet ensuite de répondre aux questions pertinentes et d'évaluer les résultats.
Broader concept: support operation / opération support
Scope note: The process of gathering and measuring information on targeted variables in an established systematic fashion, which then enables one to answer relevant questions and evaluate outcomes.
data merging / fusion de données
Definition: The task/process of merging (combining) together data from various sources.
Définition : Tâche/processus consistant à fusionner (combiner) des données provenant de diverses sources.
Broader concept: support operation / opération support
Scope note: The task/process of merging (combining) together data from various sources.
data splitting / découpage de données
Definition: The task/process of splitting (partitioning) available data into parts, usually for cross-validatory purposes, e.g. in order to use one part for training purposes and the other for evaluation.
Définition : Tâche/processus consistant à diviser (partitionner) les données disponibles en plusieurs parties, généralement à des fins de validation croisée, par exemple pour utiliser une partie à des fins de formation et l'autre pour l'évaluation.
Broader concept: support operation / opération support
Related: TextTinyR / TextTinyR
Scope note: The task/process of splitting (partitioning) available data into parts, usually for cross-validatory purposes, e.g. in order to use one part for training purposes and the other for evaluation.
debugging / débogage
Definition: The task/process of removing errors from a computer programme.
Définition : Tâche/processus consistant à supprimer les erreurs d'un programme informatique.
Broader concept: support operation / opération support
Scope note: The task/process of removing errors from a computer programme.
dependency conversion / conversion en dépendances
Definition: The task/process of converting constituency structures to dependency trees.
Définition : Tâche/processus de conversion de structures constituantes en arbres de dépendances.
Broader concept: format conversion / conversion de format
Scope note: The task/process of converting constituency structures to dependency trees.
dependency parsing / analyse en dépendances
Also known as: dependency analysis / 
Definition: The task/process of identifying and marking the grammatical structure of a sentence, establishing relationships between "head" words and words that modify those heads.
Définition : Tâche/processus consistant à identifier et à marquer la structure grammaticale d'une phrase, en établissant des relations entre les mots " têtes " et les mots qui modifient ces têtes.
Broader concept: parsing / analyse syntaxique
Scope note: The task/process of identifying and marking the grammatical structure of a sentence, establishing relationships between "head" words and words that modify those heads
derivational analysis / analyse dérivationnelle
Definition: The analysis of a word in order to identify its derivation, i.e. whether and how it has been formed on the basis of another word (e.g. through the use of affixes)
Définition : Analyse d'un mot afin d'identifier sa dérivation, c'est-à-dire s'il a été formé sur la base d'un autre mot (par exemple par l'utilisation d'affixes) et comment.
Broader concept: linguistic analysis / analyse linguistique
Scope note: The analysis of a word in order to identify its derivation, i.e. whether and how it has been formed on the basis of another word (e.g. through the use of affixes)
discourse analysis / analyse du discours
Definition: A method of analysing the structure of texts or utterances longer than one sentence, taking into account both their linguistic content and their sociolinguistic context; analysis performed using this method.[OED, https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/discourse_analysis]
Définition : Analyse de la structure de textes ou d'énoncés de plus d'une phrase, tenant compte à la fois de leur contenu linguistique et de leur contexte sociolinguistique.
Broader concept: linguistic analysis / analyse linguistique
Scope note: A method of analysing the structure of texts or utterances longer than one sentence, taking into account both their linguistic content and their sociolinguistic context; analysis performed using this method.[OED, https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/discourse_analysis]
discourse annotation / annotation du discours
Definition: The task/process of adding annotations relevant to discourse.
Définition : Action d'ajouter des annotations relevant du discours.
Broader concept: text annotation / annotation textuelle
Scope note: The task/process of adding annotations relevant to discourse, such as discourse structure, discourse markers etc.
editing / édition
Definition: The task/process of changing the contents of a resource.
Définition : Tâche/processus consistant à modifier le contenu d'une ressource.
Broader concept: support operation / opération support
Scope note: The task/process of changing the contents of a resource.