404-10209-100177° CABes Carne [onvarce STB ANE 13 eee eile I Ritnanec rent “DISPATCH + TO \. Side? of ttn, Bumoes ALlres Prise oief, chief, Hl FROM __ ‘#éting Chief of Station, Medrid Seat Counter Eaplonage Lais TEDESCHI, aka Ite TADECHI hee at ' tig 3 CA tte SIDGED “FIL HC? OESK ONLY REFERENCES mers cee cere snes pe el er " OTENA13463, 29 May 1961 Ca reesipt ef reference, Madrid Ststicn traces were ry ub je with negative results. Traces were aluo requested of the | and on 2) Aucus¢ 1941 they inforwed us that they had no rece ¢ Subject. im their files, In this case the |] aleo carried cut traces in the[ | files for KUbARKs ANTHOLY Be | Luks “CLASSIFICA LICH “SECRET” a ’ tg. MSE SRPDUS EDINON oo 5340 /ret REAALES PORMS wa . 4 S128 S-28A ANOS? - i‘ . wrath a8 OBSOLETE
* 14-00000~ “Tl"DISPATCH Chtsf of tation, Imenos ees ow Gh Mote wh attat SMefe oi ft aera CCHlef of -t.8fom, Server Sw Counter Henionsre Iaig TTSCONY (ressibly leis TA0a7T) ACTION REQUIRED PEFERLNCHS) Oliv 63, 2 May 1961 File chocks comiuetod am ‘Sarbject thronch Distributions. - eee Sans 3 Alree ‘teats GSPATCH $ SYMBOL AND EE ART *. wate oT he HEADQUARTERS FILE NO MWS 13 Inly 1961 RE "43-3" — (CHECK “x” Crs8} |__| MARKED FOR INDEGHG NO INDEXING REQUFED INDEAING CAN BE JUDGED BY QUALIFIED HQ, DiSh ONLY ere nombive. Leek
DISPATCH SECRET os3akig2g” C@ADCHIARTESS BLE b00 Chief, WE (Attention KUDESX). 201-6145 ‘Chief of Station, Vadrid - DATE 13 June 1961 RE. “a3 3" —- (CHECK “x rat} S P| MAPRED FoR INDEXING m4 Dope | NO INDEXING FEGUIFED : a INDELNG CAN BE JUDGED ; BY QUALIFIED HQ DESK Cnty - Counter Espionage luis TEDESCHI, possibly Imis TEDECHI MTOM QUEM EOY your information PEFERENCE(S} --- OIRW-18463 There are no base file on] | traces on Sub ject [sd . co ine B. Friedwald 13 June 1961 Distributions 3 » Headquarters 2 Madrid ~ 2 Files
~ ee ASSIA - ° DIS P ATC H 7 an. + ae ewe ROCESSING : in rs Haare ww - we dete encen i BCT phe ae wheel § bo BAIN i _ Chiefs of Station, , Madrid; . , Rr) i Chief of Station, Buenos Aires = amano eR AS, | ROM CC —————————————————————————— ee, ABSTE i Calef, WE LT uae ipa i watt Counter Eepionage Luis TEDESCHI, possibly Luie TEDECHI _ Oe ACTION PLQUKHED WLPE RE RCES See paragraph 3 1. A source who has given highly reliable information in the past, and whom we bave no reason to question, hes stated that during 1943 one Luis TEDESCHT was either being considered for recruitment by/or was actually work- ing for the RIS. According to the source, he was known to bave been active as a member of the Spanish Commmist Party. The address used by TEDESCHI during early 19.3 wag Pichincha 969, Buenos Aires, Argentina, @. The Buenos,Aires Station hes determined that a Lats TEDZSCHI, born 2 February 1918, is listed in local police files aa living at El Dorsdor 3150, telephone 58-3717. Further investigation is being corducted there. Unfortu- nately, Headquarters does not have thea date and place of birth of Subject of paragraph 1. The source has indicated that Subject vas probably born in Italy . and my have been active in the Spanish Civil War 1936-39. This, of course, could explain his involvement in the Spanish Commnist Party. 3. It is requested that check Station and. <Base’ files for any traces of Subject. eontacts may be approached for any information availab = 3. | | | | | | | | 4, Please address replies in this matter "Attention KUDESK," | sous ou | | Distribution: “2 = Rome ~ 1 - ws \ 2h - Madrid 1 ~ Buenos Aires DATE TYPED GATE DISPATCHED } 2 JUN 196] SPATCH S¥ NUMBER ve - % HEADQUARTERS FILE NUMBER = i _ A i ORIGINATING t 7 OFFICE = Gircen - aves xt, | meet oe WE/X sis 2 ar a | piri Ay COORDINATING “I 64g0 Bae is DATE eerenrmrmanenenl BF ICES MASE ee bee > J - . §3. USE PREVIOUS. EQre a
14-00000 7 February 1961 MEMOPANDUM FOR: Chief, CI/Project SUBJECE: Luis TEDESCHI 1. This office is extrenely intercsted in obtaining ail available information on one Lui® TELSSCHI, who was reported to be residing at Pichincha 969, suenss FAR da baa . Aires, ,in the early part of 1943, at which time he allegedly vas of interest to the PIS. The attached document refers to a Lus TSESCHI residing at this address in 19u2 and to an individual by the name of TELISCHI who had resided at Estados Unidos 6366 in 1yuzg. Apparently the information as shown on the attached aocument was obtained | | 2. We would appreciate having you tell us if you know of any way we micsht locate feferred - to and possibly any other] =——s#Pirrectted to TEDESCHI etd fg oy, Oera 4 ett hay te tele eva TRCH D. O'NEAL Chief, CI/SIG Attachments: 1 Distribution: Orig. & 1 = Addressee 2-cr/f_] ct/sie]] | : . | DRAFT ‘ 5 a 7 | ‘ aa ; ~ — - a ~~ - ; 4 . - ~ as’ t t | mens wae cere te eee cree 2 eet sncemesinentee — correnen nen eccrine tm as ae eee eRe eM. nO RE ME CSTD IO AMR dere vein
H0000. ' PROCESSING a = PMAROEL FR BLE 4 Seep sel F Bu, BEQUIRED z 1 EMG? QUAL BED : z 4 PEALCUAPTINS DESK 1 2% FE INDE RSG : _ Chief, WH : “3 SIBALT . $ Counter Intellipence/Luis TEDED Ox Be ng b 2 te b SCM ACT Cid REGUURED REFEREES .: wy See Paras, 3 and h : . HABR@9016 of lb Hovember 1940 ; - ¢ 1. Headquartera regrets that it has been unable to learn the date and place of birth of the Luis TEDUSCHI who, according tu a usually reliable source, was being coreidered tor recruitment in 1943 by the RIS, or was actually working for the FIS. 4s stated in HAd#s=6515, our scurce resorted that the address used by TEDSCY] during the early part of 1943 was Pichincha 969, 4uenos Aires. 2. Collateral information on Luis TLD«SCHE of PLehinchs 969, Buenos Aireg, haga been found in a 1912 docanent whieh anvears to have been based on censorship reports. This document indicates that relcSCHI's address, as given above, was a . cover address for a ULE (Vaion Democratica aspanola) manifesto sent {rom Cuba, Also one TuskiCHI, Estados Unido 3366, Buenos Aires, was given as a cover address in @ secret writing messagae A copy of the pertinent portions of this document is attached. 3e It is hoped that a unilateral surveillance on the Luis TEDEDCHE living at El Domador 3150, Buenos Aires, if instituted as the station planned, will be fruitful. Headquarters wilt be extremely interested in any further information on this individual you may be able to cevelop, as it is possible that he may be linked with Cosmunist and/or KIS activities in Cuba as well as being veed locally by the RIS. . he As .KUDESE is currently handling this case, it is requested that the slug FEDWOOD not be used. OLIVER G. QALBOND Attechmeats 1 BATE TYPED DATE DISPATCHED OSSPATCH SYMBOL AND NUMBER HART @6569 5 Distributions HEADQUARTERS FAE NUMBER Orig. & 1 ~ Addresses, ; with one attachment ORIGINATING anhy: ELD for le = eS oe UNEY AE COORDINATING te dick QU9AHI sD DATE r ° OFFICER'S NAME ; ; =} e CI/SIG, 1 att “, “t . r oO an WH, _. i ee 5 } i. <:= =e ee RELEASING . 7a aE i — a JH ; ot ot on : Chig® WH/T. C. eh toa A ty _
r Fa 4 Oh gy sure MSR: >> ‘ . , . ‘ a Pio# iy te “ / B/404 BA oslnz? : whine j , - FEM 4 No nace, BAVANA, IUHA TC tk, L13 TEpssony ICWTNCHA B59. NGS ALHTS, ARCANTINE, Mth galy fo 1L4th furust 19ee * Savoh . <ie deeper cma ao og a - - . + = Le _ nena rf ‘ Tis cover gonteing Recortg Noe, EEE mw A oont S74, ce cpiied a0 tnverviews wlth -eracns wo. hate . daft Spain, ant degeri te ‘be Bitltude s2 ft @ Santah pas le te ve vs ‘neat Gov roment, che axtent of Tac man (ranetraty rin Bain eri cf alc ‘s tre Atha. the accivisies and polieqesd parties of we RL aw aves Left tn Scain, amt cenerad diving ¢-ndlticons in the Mm untry., Thiag grey ol repirts cercsing c ivi.ng re é 4 of both Cesc u-.at ac Palen Abt aireth gers, BRET? OCS RECORDS: TRI.20008/62, TRI110°3/42, TRE @427, ard TPL.14201/42 cover cr-.pa of re:urte cr the sam subject. 8/4655 covers a grein of re:certg on the Bpariah yoliticd scene, pogaibly fro> the sang source as the above, which may ce FICENTZ URI3K, the Co.suniset : leader, wicee hesiquartera are in CUBA. Jee ~ Algc Bibel4Sa7/42, 357,14974/a2, SER. 192E2/42, scdreseee, LUIS TENSSCHI, io shawn by PRIL1SS26/42 to be a cover adcrves for & UO.E, (ONION SEEWRATIOCN BSPACOLA) Manifesto sent fro: Cuba. He Ay alas be “6. 6 THDSSCIT, SSPADOS “S509 9546, who ig given as a ouvor adores in the #.w messaze in TRIL34725/42 (secret). eh ot Eihere tan at FY eats + tte cate of ELE aan OMe Let ionie jaa Lael me ni
2 pb te vot - bye gD aes un atcenans mmep Haegtie OEPRHEOIRD te SPOON NERA Oat ED AERC to scitettih vi be set 4 AE Re mite ire aad te PAG | | |” ORDAREH SERBOR APE RED. mre remem Semen : , p ! a af i) 3 ie ‘ DISPATCH | | seenst CHABA-9016 Chief, WD ‘Chief of Station, Buenos Aires. ‘pzpWOOD/ PROVE - . é 4 #5 3 s : — . MtASS TARE PENS ve + SCCUMERT MiGRCH 43} — (CHECK a ONE) ony ~ NO INDEXING FEQU'8ED ——lavis #TRUEDGET i $6 . noe ee achors | BEGQuedel _-80e_Paragraph me, eee eee eet nen sat son OEFERENCE INDELING CAN BE I. 2G70 BY QUALIFIED RQ Cesk ONLY “ “HABH=6515° - / 1. In view’ of the fact that Subject dispatch presented a possible lead to an RIS agent, it was decided to do a unilateral check on ISDEDCEI rather than refer the matter to liaison. As a result of investigations undertaken by. EIPAlA}-1, the Station learned thats ts listed in the | | files as living at _at El. Domader 3150, with telephone number 583712, and has no record oF ‘police | offences, ‘this i individual | was born on 2 February 1918. (2 4- a oft by ont ye oF ee em ag RE 2. If possible, it is recuested that Headquarters attempt to confirm the abrve date of birth with the source of reference, The Station plans to institute a unilateral surveillance on Subject, and will keep Headquarters informed of pertinet developments. Distribution: 3 =~ Chief, WD 1 ~ Chief,- SED i = Chrono Le File: 201-6115
PROCESSING, 32 CRE . “DISPATCH | Chief of. Station, Buenos Aires. .: P&G Re fh REED yO kee i O€ADKEBRTERS OESA +1 TAR rtd INORG 5 aastaact Chief, WH Division Speeific-Lais TEDEDCHT® ACTION REQUIRED PEFEREMCES See Para. 2 ee 1. A source woo has given extremely reliable information in the past, has stated that, during 1943, one ais TEDESCHI waa selther being conaidered for_reczuitment by the RIS or was actually working for the RIS. TEDESCHI “ _wag kmown to have besn an active member of the Spaniah Cosmunist Party. The address used by TEDSSCHI during the early part of 1943 was Pichincha 969, Buenos Aires, Argentinas — 2, Our source was unable te provide further information on TEDESCHI and Headquarters! files contain no pertinent identifiable information on him. It is requested that you check all available records ee may be me | for any information on TEDSSCHT . a @e , & “ OLIVER G. GALBOND yucROFLNED JON 6 ‘964 \ ygciwent wont SNE Ve Lt. se . 4 a | i a ee Het, 160 17% OCT 1859 aa Veeosrewas 7+ ner, AZ| ORIGINATING OFFICER TYPIST AEGEgerter ot jrn COORDINATING ee 2356 RELEASING a em 1 i ! | | | | i | UPL RRND Dearean)  - 12.¢ Oct. ed hier, Wi/J. Ce. Ng “DISPATCH | | | 0 woes En gre ad SHansee _..  .ctainanytinr arma ee eae
5 October 1960 SUBJECT: Luis TEDESCHT 1. A Source, who has given extremely reliable information in the past, stated that, during 1543, Subject was either being considered far recruitment by the RIS or was actually working for the RIS, 2e -Subject is known to have been an active member of the Spanish Camumist Party. The address used by Subject during the eerly part of 1943 ws Pichincha 969, Iuenos Aires. 3. It ds requested that Latin Averican, ‘a8 well as Spanish ani Portusuese stations be asked toe check available| |for any possible traces cn \ Bubjecte . nal fel? a 5. Mar ne me oe oe * dhe WAN evan ve “Fab atta 2 B fo ack Ze De dll
14-00000 SECRET eBhen Filled For REPROQUCTICH ROUTING SHEET BRANCH TO Cece ROOM & BLDG. Loves o FEGUESTE WO. i ‘ : | Cee et! Qa : ane * ~J.. boya Yan / we td hae POOLTIONS ARE OF A YEPMANES IT QUALITY AND ANY INDIVIDUAL DOCUME In ' EZ INILVIED IN A 201, SUBJEIT OF REMAINING MATERIAL MUST EE ! 2) ' ner ne OPE ATE Pee arose eenrocere « TMMESIATS PUTFOSE WAS BEE?) SATIEFIZ ae ot . AS ae sets Te ee ee .. eS GE LER BERR me enn et ae ae ene tn eee ee eee ane ne nee we . * enum mete wee Meee ,PHONE | 2é2S - - WHOLE CR IN FART, MAY </ fate - _ a ‘ Atha Sah ed ag ie anon chs we SOs ne tlh ea eee < oe Be Katee shes: a brings a Borst ais
Fe tated he Manth INSTRUCTICNS: Under each ¢ ke drew act band Facn officer with the number in rh atte ssord and Hontinoe Caer wa os FYTY oth ied baduwtiann cree ford ° @ SRR Ringe Wo wee emt ores rn yet Benbe eheas | |
14-00000 ce ene eR tae, en nN ee ee ~ . wee . .° .- * . . - . oe ome . . : . - . . ee bo. Le “ a we . . . . or © > Cae . - ° . a - ° - - -. Tue eo -~ é . L . . - mmeepeue geree cues sravitk . . i ‘ wu. oy wibpdewd bbets wethet oO Hy amet hare broads wit bee cbae ~ _ - STATUS = SUBJECT 2 Ly. j ee fe HR ge Eggi e cence «ts Compunist Matters “7 ee Eni * mo SPECIFIC »}Srarten Coumunist Party . . a. a os era ca Fe od 2 RO oe CE Re el ee ee gp de Mee c dl as neem gms Ts ane oe Rt mea E> a aS a LO EOE er On) Ss Pertvy in 19427, as rerorted - Ce bs Relitieées in Sclrbe A ffles ans ana mics efi with coms of thoze ilsted, . ; ctacentions o need to iaencvitication of Ine is iistec, i also susomitted as backsround 7s i that is oe a baals for investisetions of Communist P ° , ADAINISPARTIVE ADDEUDUM: “3 : To date ns fon has been received imi any of is reported herein to th in reference Pitie 2258. iL is rcaiineg that this . ‘ s quite vagve ena is not conclusive in anyz AY » honed thet, * ot 68 @ Lcsis for our invest more contre: i ainc the Partyts presen ties in Cuba, ell as icontlric ation of indivic ; nm referenca, can be obtained. Copies of this rerort are teeing furnished to our Tield etavions in Nextco cro Duanes fives inescush as addresses used by the Party in 1945 include . : eevera]l in tnose countrie aoe .: “4 : ar eer pi ac ° fee wee é : 5 Xo other distre - SECRET ae eer oO oe ae dread odd 2
wow ene + ener fe * oom rat jresc é C ad £ stated t gat ceries Noe THiled ~ 16 werch 1945 ‘fm attercts to identify we Mee 8 on ey vo: pee Paeere sree 6 Perens 9 22 ae cna ne 3° Source a files ‘ a 4, were . Sormation is oGine used se aed . Bek wgreg ent 7 " eas end th elinineasy data ; ten ; 5 ee oe tlined % the Scanish bones Une yon milemnere. The foun wig bor ing were arinoel x» be Toeras fleen . zat f ste get emes * THT fevers > ere LN a mrnils Tr Rane a een eed 8 wate : , . . Gotta Rlea 4053 wine Civtocta 2244 : me ad . ‘ Buenos ALres cers D ia muones Airss . Sas oh: Tet . é I pnecerenct onira Rivedavin et (79 eiso) Plehineswa uwoy Buenes Alres Beam, ane . . Si fe qed oe NIUE . . 9 Noreies 77 ee é hexica, | Oe mee \ 6 |: Ponto Gl lieaasaeh rane pose CT, apte 27 Kexico, DeFe . * ate we Sioreles 77 Bee, PERICI, Deis Likes Eo Mant €
ae > - “ ; a re he : aloo 8h - . .*%. ° . . . . : * verte , ' , Serles Noe TiS44 : 4 “: mee . ole moreh Jo, in43a | ies ’ Caric ‘ Call . eltcs ; Habana, euen & we et Ces . ° -Casun de La Cultura Tuis Usteverz y .errana Paseo del Prado 210 altos sntos Sunrez (voters) , Hatena, Cuba ene, Cuba i . filesandra MOLT, Cod 2 a = Luvteon, entre Tesar y Pacito a Cubbe a. cael SThONG. ..- “Sonleno hen a) & STEONG DRIQLEZ 0. . 6/6 welePe c/o Prencises Santvet . , noe Ercaduay, Sth flr. ol Cleveland Squnre . weeLorer, New Yorn London ". 2, England. : seoned eossysg oe Moseswy, MuSsuite ® Sur Kile. e2SS ca wv a & nu3e we 3 Ayo 3. Enclosure to THile.-255, rerort on expenses, cites paynents tos ‘ : Be : (2) Cn @1 cep 45 one DOULA UOO IO LIA Y GASCIT, a , . Snoanink robict omit le sn3K0 et a meetinn= at . : Ere 4 a te wen Garmsnirt s2ons ergtheasatlon 3 suseess of a cotvention , . mela 48016 & COUeTE CMioknwes AL . . 29 PREUSLIC: : ? (2) On 1 Mer 46 EDVARTS Listtee CALE LES, represent] ar : . ine the Assoclation OS civan ex=couvctants of : : the Spanish Rerudlic, srove at a deronstration . in front of the Sranish <ecat ton in Cuba neld as re EE sr - -@ result of the execution of ten leftist urdere grounded wornxers in Spain teban™ = 77] esch month, From Source A it By Pe bee tee t Se eure Hae deechans rom
: a ’ aa . a " . . Series Nos a ole warca 16, 2525 . . ~- (1) given & ae decoecco . (1) st ‘ice : REIVBLICAG . . oe ¥ i? - (8) FON RUIN LOUIIMO tas a saflor aa the wesek RI0 Nuewe.s 22 1042 A ‘ a eye. veabana Sor the c eateye Tis Sioa Date cally pbatned from secret arttinns ! ALACTOS" in Buenos , Aires and one Habana. Source 3 advises + wef 3 bisns to official Cuban Se records, the v of arsent® . has arrived at Snes Sines LesLo T nt was 13 Anril 19 2 is no record of the vessol .. havine ccen here nto in 2042, Tle srew List : of thea his : carry the nace of Joaquin r BOUL nor any nrme almllar theretoe CORT OA oe Gg gency SG ted COMPAcag Tp a cere, wir 7, "§O9 PATOTO Saneleh 2215.55. fo (LY Im March 1947 it ~as.rerorted by sourca & that : Francisco. ater FI Se sae 3e(1)) ros : haé trevele STN 1l2? and 1945 from Cuba t3 Portucal eae
oF ww Coue Vets la “oy r, it ° wag nolated rrased : “$9 ba pritlec. 2 67 . rloysloon nt aeiphia . and Colonbts bos Tone q coh + wn at 4 Ae ope Y Pere rv esopert in Source 33 ¢6on# : “ . cernin 4 of tits individu a a af nationals * ron PSP sraininx s nt of Sotialiat of Comestey Cubase . Comittee of t: (2) : i ¢ bes esen) rerre sented : ‘ wae een? ans = 194 we AWA earn A fkasee as ws SE SMCCl ON of Casa Caste ee ee ee wn, Sas AAPG a) (2) Marfa®acscra Inguiiubd was elected in January 1945 . : Secretity of Feniaine Section of thet tventeD : GOUPATTENTIS BSPR. 2A D3 CUDA oe Tee | 4, Others mentioned in reference TxseT-958 = magilalsere i o8 BTERITAs Conchita, IULALIO, VICIOR, EUATA = cannot ba ident? « ° , Tied in any way with persons nazed in Source A files. . eos : ™ . - : ° & Pe . a ren, unm ON . . 77 a eo, a HS Rate ye
_- ae Oe * seehe . . ° . , raw te . ° © np: . . coi g™ rere Saptieg * ee MAA « ree : SECRET eres SOe PEe 244 nn . « ot OBS ARS , «Se fa am ae oo eum . Se Tn eacdition to the Enfomsation outlined above, there hays ‘ been fleansa some details verariins lesser “noun vpanish Come , munist «roups and indivieuals, These are nol insitced herein . since the meager inforration eveileole an themeeshich dates back twoefour véears-eor the mers suviission of the names can , : sorve little or re pursose at this tis an * “ied wae Shanes 5 vere Ee eer s > 3 ye a ye ony reports Tie O77 and (Il 536 cones aly ee Lan eetnhaaacanatt . no inquiry rogarding him is being made “— : : . ‘ e e . . ‘ t 2 “ . * 4 . - Ss ’ f : , } a9 e : ’ 7 .. ? ; . oy fe aon . i ¢ “oo ~ lh am ; i - «me eh HER me ve naeh et ae ‘ I Fe sete ee ee thay ot sau!
. wae oe ve 1 woe. :/ . * ‘ 8g ane ee . een EIRRSE, eget thrarareestevtnsTieRaecTonstoettsehrnnwtthSTM MSR teeters eee NU ee A ee eee (SPac Y AiR OM LEA POUCH} ” CLASSIFICATION TO : Chiel, wa Y DATE: be Ch LO hn FROM SUBJECT: ceneRAU= ILTEL - on seccwie—= = Summary oF Reports on ve, apne et HeFr, YRIR 2475 poscitle disturbances in Attanned hereto is a curmarr of i ports relative to ctine caccrived in reference. 3 nasty Trieste which was prepares by C2/TaUstT for tue re : - Y jf “6 sf af ao fay é “4 he : opecu ad? Sieving ~~, Enclosures 1 G2 report VU 6 March 195), Distribitions o3 = Headquarters w/enel ae 2 = Kore w/enel « ‘ > i x hdgin on poe . ' ae io ateeed =. ror) ‘ - fiswets + - ae a q CLASSIFICATION ten, J, 51-28 A hotinen cntes | | TiFOr Senior Rep., Rone. ~. fed. -?45 i 3 . ; 4 ee t r a }
14-00000 og ° (ILL TAR OR LEA PCy CLASSIFICATION ‘ apt Tm : Ciel, DATES nh ba ps ste 5G ge . ' FROM 3 Actin: Chiel, ives ctor ica., Kore . SUBJECT; concRaL—- ThZcb } . . Sreciiem Busia of Acports ’ Attached berets is a cum.ary of cesorts relative to poscib Sictursanecs in Tricste which was prepared uy C2/s.icy Lor the reetiny cuceriied in reforcncea.s -- : Jaies B, blevins aa Enclosures: 2 C2 seport : . G Vareh 190) . Distrititions 3 = Peadquarters w/enel 2= tore w/eacl - 3 te ¢ ; . : é 1 - toy po. tet - fé : ee f . ’ 1 eterna se one wee, oes gt 72 qe CLASSIFICATION.
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porter Fee YT Ne remune tun + via: ALR DISPATCH HOD STPAS3TO9 COOH F Ar ce Sha PCR oy ~ TO : Chief, Cf ’, FROM =: Chief of Miczion,| SUBJECT: centran= ITI /INTIL % sPearic— Ass hetivities anc Plans for 20 HEF: TEIE 265 7 So 7TAhn35S7, catea Lk Jancary 195 oe tetret ht cae SeOPMELIGH wet le The fcllowi-+: DALE: 2 ) Feuruary 1 195h T2703) Senior keprecantative, home March 195) e2 Janiery Ze Sea at an Agoroxinavely + nS were Declente of "Siovane vtalic™™ wnat nit wes inecviscble imposed on stccents «ho particioatec in tx invited then to concentrate their efforts 20 March, prowising that he wouls autnorize Kovalvation as f Je bale Ol ine ating held on Via Rismondo. PPE Re UEISS told the ctucents ee a ee add ee oe a8 w wine Soe to GemonsSeurate areinst the sentences Novenber riotse Instead, he anc attention on oreparations for Stuceat demonstrations on tnat date. Be It dis ruv red that a new clandestine orgenizat ion, compoced of avproximately =~ 260 youths who are rexbers of the MSI and ot Salvatore !MAnSZT?I.) 7 to twenty-five men, each te return fron Rone curing the weer for this erganization. nas 6fzaniszation cone & guad being uncer o. ner parties, is teing forned = onder Breno SfESertl Cem-ants Brano “MAZSETTI is possisly icentical with ists of action squais of twenty née leader, iSiuTTI was expected ng of 23822 January «ith arms and funds Ia the oo! ion | these arvs and funcs are supplied by pron ninent Masons in Rome and Milena. tee OTe: Fit a bite acntsel GH g ganization is ceins ferzed with tne knowlcace of the latter attempts to svade any responsibil he The action equad leaders mrt daily in differs &t the present tlm wey have no headquarter. to re tne formation of plens for demonstrati 20 March will ce their day of revenge szains are leaders of action cquadis; Constanyino oO GS irco Aurelie DPAIOSIO Pasquale “BEONATUTO Orazio ECoCOLO thourh ity thorefor. erent locations to aiscuss provresse rs» Their principal tack appears ans on 20 Marcn, They State that & pokices ‘ice Toliowing Persons = _ . / sy SEINA (feu), brother of Duilio SANNA . _ -4 ts rbiins fe Sir rb aka esate sagt aa teddaee
14-00000 ~ oa Ramet Cle oo - Ly SRO LARS 7. 8 us bricets Oey © §$tTa-3759 5 February 195k pare 2 Se The following data is/ [caved 19 January 195i. [| Date of information is it January 1954. The following ‘ST members mé. in tne pulilet Gallopin, in Piazza Golconis ee owes Constantine TS MAR Aurelio DIRIESS=0 Pasquale SuGiaAIlT 7 razio EMSCOLA (arm. ved with pistol) SANNA (fnu) (armed with pistol} hatale ER Subjects discussed MARSETTINS trip to Rema. MATSITTI had left for Rore on 16 Jancary, arriving on 15 January, and haa telepnonea Trieste that he would "ering back the goods." Tne meeting also discussed plans for demonstrations on 26 varcne It was ceciced to use acid in srall bottles in dinitec gnantities azainst the polices be ory TEDESCHI (fnu), manager of the Ridetto in the Ressetti Theater, keeps MSI arms stored tnere. Michael Le Rosemont 30 January 195L ; Distributicens 3 ~ Paadquarters . 2 © Rona ~ ae antanta a yeenarr9 at + — we . nee enn ne ah Doe dm fem sho NA ee ec mS OK 6 ceed See wet
as ert et Ee : : . ot ss @ . GF 3.5T3s Rees cd ggare apeen ah het nes oes wr ead Leet uit? beatae we fee. he Pe ae hee as Sashington (1) .. Rugistry Q) RIGINATING ERQAIWAY STATION: R-6 ee vores ott tan A ryoresey SVACE CRP TONY Se rRke Me font Sa Surge Overe ss Attention: DYCLANOR S2czz7feouss ~ Sane aoe po IAs aetna ate epee + Cees: Yen ant ne tr TEE
Drattne aterm renee Date of Information July 1952. . ry Country * : ubjece : Rech ine Remarks: eee, Bolleved reliable, basod on docur: Source ; wource we: ool Factory, ontary avidence, Be Canine ee edt os
14-00000 ete at) cate cette? eal megercmeere ne cea ene ee ee ee enn . ‘ 4 . 5, .7 - oa : fo¢ . . 7% © e " . a . 8 i ; 4 . 4a ? ' . 3 : : * g t “8 t : é ie was Pirn, dricn designs cuchincry for construction in otnur Tuctorica, has its t.¢ nherl offices in isl. . “34R 66 tad its silie cerertecnt da fia @, Prices. 3, - le". - Persanwiitics. eens . — <a ae oe m . a ON 23 aht u mager is tay “pssa = 2.2.0, 3 Gernwa oud yoreacr oanoger of a . German cocaine tool factory, He is ascsistid by [Te6y DULESGI and by other ‘ tcehnicl:.ig, QS es : . 3e Ghe Tira ccsicns andfar ~redue.s on a sub-contracting hagis tue ” following typcs af mcuinca 3: Meohine tosls for the maul.ctur af cleroa bearing balls, steel ‘ - oo. bearin: bDilis, cylincries) rolicr biiriazs, eonici, relicr be rings, ' eeges for ball bearincs, cxtcrnal wnd internal rings for ball Wee Pees oon bearings, sczing needles, biezele acccazorics, fount for typerriters, ceccntric pecescs fer hot end cold stemming, sandpapcring cachines, o . oxmelal grindcrs, oscillc:ting grind:rs, slcetars, rotary rol-ing : . . ; ills, costrel instruncnta, Pacanatio has<tre, splining azchines, woo. - _- - _ Seotificrs, prceaccs, drilling 3 “canes, | polishing sachincs, 1 = 7 , 7 i . be | With the cxecvtion of seru very emll itccs, th. cachincs designcd § ~ .. .. by the Sizm are not cover. by potcata, Destination of Qutmut. . Do SO ae The fima's sroducte or. sold on the! howe mastct, —— en oe . . wens x . BP CS ot he or ae ne ‘sat ake
14-00000 -. confusion dieappeared with German ag: Fresaion agai nat. the U.S.5.Re- He says that — . tha War caused. a very coba iepression; and -increntedipeiplats confidencé.in. ‘ wlenee Spain to ater the war, except the Falangiate. - ‘Franco doen: now: ‘wish: it: (Wynd ip 58 HOP SixcR2t a wes bop a“ ro FROM ¢ No nasw, HAVANA, CUBA. | TO ¢ SK. LI3 TEDESCT, PICHINCRA 969, BUEIOS ATRZS, ARGENTINE, Bth duly to 14th auzust 1942 ¢ Spanish & 734 OPINION AID SOMDITZ ONS IN SPATR + PETS 6 ont, 2 £Y CRIUYISTS aly Taig cever contains Resorts Noa. 580 ~ 3, 35 - 8 and S71, © rpiled frog interviews with -ergons w > have recently laft Spain, and describ® tne attitude cf the Sanish peo-le tc the war and to their Gov-rnment, the extent of Garman penetratié;n in Sain end of Spanish aid ‘o the axis, the activities and standins cf cclitical parties of tre Richt and Left in Spain, and renerd living conditions ‘: the cuntry. Thies ercvup cf reports contains o- ‘intons of both Coz.uwiat anc FPalanist sympath-sers. PREVIOUS RECORDS: TRIo10901/42, TRIL116°3/42, TRI. 24527, and TRI.14201/42 cover groips of reperts on the same subject. } 3oS60 8/4555 covers a group of reports on the Spanish politica , scene, possibly from the same source ag the above, which may be VICENTS URIBE, the Conmani, st leader, whose heaiquarters are in CUBA. Jee also BER.14867/42, BER.14974/42, BER, 19252/42, Addresses, LUIS TEDESCHI, is shown by TRI.i3828/42 to be a cover address for =. @ USD.E. (UNTIN DEMOCPATIGA ESPa‘Cha) Manifesto sant fro- Guba. He may a@lso be tne TENESCIT, LSTADOS "N'DO3S 83468, who is given as a cover address in the sow measaze in TRI.14725/42 (secret). REPORT Bo,350 . Results of our first converagt: n With a -cung man from TORREL: VEOA, SANTANDER, abont 28 years cld. At the ceginnin: cf tre war Le was in the army in KOROCCGO and spent the whole war in Franco's army. fe comea from a fanily of suall yarare-—cwnera. WNoither he n.r any of :-is family nave celonged t any political party cr syndicate although ble sympat:ies have aways seen on the left. SPANISH ATTITUDE TO TRS REGTHS AND THE WAR. -— He says that the immense majority of the Spaniah peorle ia against Franco end the Falange, workers, peasante, exsployses, bourgecia, big and amall and a large provertian of the saldiers and the R,quetes. Hse says that everyone hopes for the vistory of the Allies. In it there is a blimi trust, especially when the U.S. entered the war as the U.S and England are the nost powerful countries in the world, especially with the esalatence of Russia. Only the Felangista desire and plan for the victory of Hitler, even though ®there are many Falanzgists too who take a very black wow of ¥iili®, Be says the Bajority of-people symati¢se with Enclani. They have ..  ._. complete faith in the Mictery of the Democracies. ‘There are sup ortere of the USsh, but the iamense majority, aecording to cur informant, do not like ®geamand an® and prefer Democracy. He iz obviously rather muddled by the Falangist pro agunda © against the U.S.8.R. Be says that the entrame of the J.3.5.R. into the war gave Fiee to harpiness all over the world, although there had been a. créat deal of eonfusiun before, through the "Treaty of Aid between Rusal a and Germanys. But this: the German defeats on the Ruselan front raised corals. gd. renewed everyous's —~ - 3 eonfidence in victory. Hitler's adnission in his speeeh of how such.they hadi. =: euffered in Russia in winter, ami. that they wre cn the.edge of catastronhe, - aoe produced great joy anonz the people. Me says that the entry of” the-U.S> imte. @letery although poak” Eerbour cageed some demcraligat:cn.. Be. says: ‘that. no ~
14-00000 “the said pact siiculated that after the victory nationa would have freedom to _ that English and Russian news canbe heard althugh it is -very difficult and is 2 against the Falange and aubmissione to (Germany, Includine the monarchiste and the . gonarchists, bourgeole etc. are on the side of Brgland. Democracy is considered as: .@ possible substitute for the Rggime. A democratic Republie like there was > aa -- pregent situation, he saye that they want a regime.of peace and not a. revolution. - fhe he contradicts himself by saying t a@it will not. be achieved, by: peaceful ~ " *"" meen. He says that this would be the best but that the. deatha, ‘the. petrayale, the. et crines faust be: avensed. : himself, and desires neutrality ut gaince those who command are Serrano Sunar one and the Falangiats, Franco las n> choice but to do what Hitler orders him, and my there is serious danger of war for Spaine He says trat the Anglo-Soviet and the Soviet—Acerican pact ara “nsw through the Falancsist oreae which has.spoken of then. They made a very good ispression on the pacople. Asked if he knew that’ ~ decide their destinies witnovt foreicn inte-ference, a says yes, thé press published it. Aco t tne Second Front «6 gays tiat everyone trinks of it, and is hoping for it to o en if p.ssitie tiroigh Spain. That the day they disemark, a@ll tha ces-le will rise. Assed what the peonle wold do in case of a lanitng . in Prance, he said that uis so inton waz thet if toat happened the Spanish peorle would rige, evan tucc 3, t.@ invasicn wig not on their coasts. The agreement about the Second Front ig alas =nown. He saya the racble wno are moat fervent Suprorters of trie Nagis are Scrra:ns Suner, Pr'+ere de Fivera, and a certain Gount wiose name he dces ot .ncw. He often sgys thar he -nows nothin: of politics, because he only read tie sports veas in the -aners aid did ot Want to Hnow any} thing avout the Falange. H2 sayz tiat there are many preparations for warg they are taxing fortificativnas cn tie ecaste cf Calicla and nlacirg a considerable amunt of artillery there. He says that the p-litical force of the Falange and the syrdicates is "artificial": ev rrone hates thea. The ;:e0,le belong to the a;ndicate cacause tiey can't hulp it, tut they do cot pay thelr duea or t ake them seriously. Discontent has even reached the ranks of tre Palance. Many clerks, atudents, and peo;le w'> joined it thinking they “were going to steal the muaie® are now very discontented, and do not pay their dues, and when they are threatened with oeing expelled “hey say that is what they are waiting for, for the Falange to play at "fisticuffs®, There are many officers in the army wo are rot in agreement with the Palanre or the idea tnat Spain is to po to war. The cost violent op ositio:: comes from queipo de Llano ami Yarue. No one knows where quaipo is coing and Yajue ‘s thcught to be in exile in the Prov. of Pontevedra, Both were cashiered, queipo for protesting against fcod leaving for Germany and Yague cecause in a speecr at Zarazoza, he said ~ we do desire a great and free Spain, but without any Flue S:irts, Red Shirts, or prisoners." 412 the sergeants savy that they are very discentented, because they earn & pts. wich keeps them very snort and o: tae soldiers he says-"in a word they are bungry, many yeare in barracks, and then the danger that they tight be sent to war®, He says tlat they ar2 welleuniformed, just ag well as Defore the war. ‘They have dismissed the 1941 Draft. He thinks that there was very little aympathy for the Division Agul ard tne Seople lauched at thoge wro volunteered. 408. were forced to go, cthers went cecause they were hungry, and there were velo tOGFS. He says that survivors came back i. a state cf canic, there was a lack of food ami equipment, several of then mutilated themselves in orser to escape fron this inferno. All say tat the Bussteans sarevery wellearmed and fight with great courage. HELP 7) THE NAZIS. — He says that his opinion is that a great deal of dood is taken to Germany, although he can give nv details, bat if there is no food and olive oil in Spain where is it? He says that in Torrelaveza the "Fabrica Continental® ig working at high pressure, maxing tyre covers, while in Spain transp-rt is held up for want of then. TH2 CHUSCH, —= He says that it ig not true that in the Church there are antie . German and Anti~Falancist sroups. The supperteresof the Re-ime are the Falange, the Germans and-t:@ Clergy, in that order. The Church wishes for the triumph , of G,rmany, in spite cf her anti-Catholic pclicy becuase they believe that--in --— --——---.-__.. _.... that ease they will be able to preserve their pcaition of influence. He says us forbidden although there igs no watch or inapectign. He says tl.at everybody ia - Fich on whom tos Palangists icpose large fines for racketeering. Many of the before the war. A Regime of peace and work. Speaking: off the. ‘solution of the =...
- thoucht that the secona front ha: already Legun. ‘are mak most Vuerilleros,and the c:.t active,is in Asturias, '. why he did sot desert to the Republican aray. o 3 o 3/1612 The peorle are very united and there are «ct the old differences tetween the parties of the Frente Popular. The policy of National Unicn is unknewn, te has heard +. cne 8s; eax of it. DETAILS F THS PiOPLE(S S:AUUGER == He says that he thinks that secret organisations functicn, especially in Bilbao and he says particularly "It is a city of brave cen*, Hs says chat notices ratnted o1 the walls are aften aren there. He cnly remembera one "Less Franco, sore w.ite cread®, Asked if the n tices were sisned vy any party .e says ac, because .t would ‘Lye away the pevrle who had dona it. He says that né cncws, because ie was trld, that in Bilbao there were illegal pamphlets ami even a newspaper 17: cire: lation, but he does not know their content. He tuindés that there ust ksve been a clandestine press, out ‘as he was jivver an idealis. tha peaple who Jid ticaa things would not trust h.m, and aa he is o.t of everything ne does nt know any detaiig®, He says he tiinks tual wna peorle working in “ilbao are nationalists and com unists, especially tha latter, That a fam -onths ace two Italian submarines, badly aamaged cy English planes, came into Santander. Two hundred persons were arrested for discuseing this, ami wany peorle He gives rc mors details. He says that Serrano Suner was toe object of an attack ‘n Yadrid when ‘se met Arres@, ari when tna latter tried ia protect Suner he was seriously wounded and had to undergo a critical o eration. askei (f ha thoucht there was Satotage etc,, he says nc toe digorganisatlc:: of the train services is due to all the exployees being ne¥ anu nut knowing their busingss, SUERILLE"OS -- He says tiat "El Carinoso® was wors'ne in Santander and "The Rallwayrnen® toc; that "El Carinoso™ cane from Llermmes ani had his headquarters in Santander. That ue was recentivy ki llea throuch quarrels and imbroglios caused vy iis girlfrient wis was fro the J.C. and rad another lover, and it was he wo was arrested at the same tire as El Carinoso. I* was he who informed against them all. Many peo; le love the jerilleros, althocch there are nany pele w.. help tlew thruuch fear, as for exacple a relation of his from wion they to.x .is only jig, wet in ceneral the Guerilleros behave excellent ly. "El Carinoso® ras cnce in Barcelona, where he went in a cab to get tis teeth fixed. El Carinoso was :ot a politician ut tcok te tis countaing in order to avenge the death of i.g cousin whe was assassinated by the Palane. That they often, like t.e guerilleros of Asturias, disguised themselves as Civil Guard, wert dorn to the villares, and arrested the Palarnists. Sut where there Six months aro, about three hundred :uerllleros were ready to enbark on the coast in order to leave Spain. But shere was a juarrel ana a terrific fight vetween these cuer- ileros ani the forces .f£ authority, with many dead, and after that they retreated to the nountains. He says that the pcliticians mxkexesen pho are most po ular are Prieto and Asana. Some speeches of Prietots Lave been clr— culated through Bilbao, cut he dbeg not mow what they say. ‘here ig also in circulation an article, reproduced from an English paper, reprinted by an euployes in the Real Com. Asturiana, de Ing. Resitlicana. The article refers te the powers ani resources cf the Allies and their chances of victory. He says he does not know of any activity of tie comunists, that this is obviously the activity of other people who are not communists; that for example the man who reprinted the article and those who read it were all on the Republican left, and if there is any communist activity it is so camoufla-ed that no one knows who is the autour; He says that during the crossing they were detained by the Enslish in Sermida and in Bal:imore by the Americans. That the Bisiish made a short exanination, they did not interrogate them in front of everybody and left ‘¢ham the letters they carried. In Baltizore they were interrogated one by ne and wore asked about fortifications, food, if they sent it to Germany, etc. When our informant said he had been in Frmeco's arny up to the war.they asked him. ‘SOLIDARITY. —— He says there is no organigativn for solidarity, - that. this only ." , @tiats between groups of friemis who have a relation or acquaintance in‘ pris n. . They are pot allowed to vielt. the prisonera wore than once a week. Hé ‘agye that . the killidg7fees on, and that in Yeg,.a few days b-fore he 1éft, a Ueuteiant of the Civil Guard was siot for having gone for a walk along “at his own risk®,
14-00000 REPORT No. 351. MARIA RODRIGUEZ, abcut 20 years cld. Comes froa a confortably-off peasant family in the Provinee «f Orense. Sheis very sluggish and at evary: question receate that she dous not know and that women do not understand many thin ge She had only a little nure than an hour to soare as she was busy in the evening and had to leave for the interior in the morning, BAR — She says t!.at she was surprised when she arrived in Havana as she thinks there is core enthusiasm in Gain than here ani acre confidence in an American victory. The peasants 4like evueryone else® would like the ®Anerican® to win, even tiose cn the Right are sure the dermans will lose. She cannot explain the nature of Franco's assistance to Hitler, she says only tuat #as Lt wag the Germans wo won, Soain owes them nore tnan it has®, She cannot ve axplicit, eLther,about the dangere of war, but shé says that Francots guldiers, the young men in veneral,and as a cuncrete instance a wuthar of hers wi. servei five fotos in Franco's eprry, gayQ'trat they will go up into the acuntain and choot before colnz again t+ the war, About tne Division Agul sha knows onl: that when it was firet formed a volunteer left from her district. He Was a- outlaw who - hed committed crimes and she gays trat he went throush fear of tha consequenceé.s The people do not like the dlue Division. They were aot aske! scr anything for the ®yoluntders®. FUTURE PROSPECTS —- She insists that there is great confidence that it will soon change. 30 much so that a Republican who was hidden for years and afterwardé discovered told her to tell her husband "Do rot leave beaguse things will seen change® The villace Las a hundred inhabitants, and she says that they all hope it will change} but fron what we cm gather thie confidence ig based entirely on an Allfed victory. She says that if tne Inglish upened a second front in Spain the people would revolt, but she gays she Las heard no o;inions on this point. The peocle speak without fear. She relates that the Falangists tried to take a pistol from har father and that he hid it. They threatened hia, they took him in _@ car telling tiumctexdaxmket him that they ware polng to knock his head off, but the old manr emained firm, telling them to do what they Jiked. They did not de anything to him nor dia they get the pisicl. As an example cf solidarity againet the Falange the old man said he Lad sold the pistol to a ean who was going to America. They told him to prove it, the old trought as witnesses twe peasants who lived more than a league away, without having agreed on a story first, but beiag quite convinced ti.qt the peasants when they eaw the Falangista, if only for the saxe of contradicting them, wuld say thai what he said was true. A little later they sont nim a notice for a Falancist meeting and he refused to go. She does nd know if tne other peasants did. . ARMY =~ She knows t.at a short time ago they digissed tos 56 (1936) Draft. Her husband was on service in Orense and deserted and went to Cuba. Immediately the Captain of the Company and a lieutenant went to hig house to make inquiries. His brother told them "In his circumstances I do aot know what I would have done®, and the captain and the lieutenant went away saying - "He is right. PEASANTS. -- 48 we have already said, she belongs to a fanily which is ome fortably off, they have several labourers in their employ. She gays that the day la bourers, and the farmer are eQually gainst the Gevernment and the Germans. fo illustrate tne situation she says that the daily wage is 20 pts. without - food, and_§-with-food.—-They-cll-prefer-the 5 and food, because otherwise they _bave nothing to eat. The peasants are very discontented, and show it openly : . ® the Palancist officials when they come to inspect the harvest and when they i ; ‘Bax the prices, saying - "They have no right to do it, it is an abuse®, but i¢ : ‘_/. ‘@ppears that it ges no further then this. They have not requisitioned anything i. 7, but thayforce them to sell to the official buyers who isene permits » authorised “i. 5 '» buyers. Yhese individuals take the produce to large shops and amass resal | . .5. fortunes. A Quintal of potatoes, they have to sell at 30 pts. and they are sold. - Jv: @&terwarde by the dealers at the standard rate of four or ‘ive ptas: the kilo, that. -. fe to say at @ 800% profit, to private people who require thea. 4nd if the . i... ° Peasants take their produce to the market they have to sell.it at the standard rate to .. |” i _| | the dealers. Mo peasint takes any rye to the narket, they prefer to run the — , - , Fisk of selling it to private peo le. This is the only way in which they can. t . . . . . ae ht vy ms ., ms .
_ that Franco ie a partisan of neutrality, and daily visits the British Acbassador ‘gay there is a danver of Spain being pushed int: the war acainat her will, because - admire the resistance of the U.5S.S.R. They say that G,rmany has already lost the - into tne war contributed to increase the already existing confidence in victory. ‘here: hour for Hitler in 1942. % . we Sw SO : 8/2812 get other producte. They haves ixposed a new tax; they have to pay 15 centiass for each vinestock. They have given up the °one_dish meal® and they are not. forced to contribute to Auxiilo Soelal. She sa-e that the Jevernment does not know what ia -oing on in the country. They distrivute the sulphate, not according to the numoer of vineyards, sot even according to the number of inhabitants, ec that her district uhich le wine country, gets less sul-hate than the next one dnd produces very little wine, alth wh it has more inkakitants, A kilo of sulphate is warth $9 ptas. - before it was worth 50 centines. She says that they ware taking a few tuings-to 4ncrica anithey made thes pay in Fielato, in Grenae, and in Vigo, and if they } ad passed throuch more provinces they would have rad to pay again. REPORT Wo, 352 Informatin volunteer.d by three Galiciar, sasants, .of menburs cf politica parties, They remained throughcut the war in Franquist territory, alth-ugh only -on@ of them fourht in the arcy. Very backward politically, antieraniulat, ard more anti~Palangist. "ith Ube exception o1 one who was in Asturias as a soldier, the othera nev_r left their village which is a hamlet in Galicia. SPANISH ATTITUDE TO THE ¥AR AGAINST EXTLE:, ~~ The majority of the Spanish peorle with the exception of the very rich and the Falangista are azainst Franco and the Falange. They explain tiuat Falangisis see what is coniing to them threugh the erimes they have committed, and they are the people who really wish for a German vietory, with the object of saving their aking, and the rcney they have stolen from the peorle. In Spain, in general, nv one wants the war, since they are exhausted, according to our informants, except for the Falangists. I, ia said at his private residence and has interviews With him. In spite of this they in Spain the Germans are she masters. All the world belleves that the Allise will be the victors excapt the Palanze. Sefore the attack on Rusd. a many people were demoralized by the German a_vances and bezan to %thini.them invincidle®. When Rusaia ent.red the wer, enthusiasm and confidence in Hitler's defeat inereased enormously, but that was sapeclally when the Ruasian victories began, They say: ~ I do not t:now what would have happeded to us but for Russt a; the Nasis would be masters uf the world. Thay alee say that the Hasil arny wlll not stand another winter of war, that they have suffered such losses that the next Russan winter offensive will defeat them although there ia no talk of a Second Front. They are sure that the Democracies will win the war. They Bar as a consequence of the losses suffered in “ussia. The entrance of the U.3. They do not know of the Anglo—Soviet and Soviet—smerican agreements, nor. the agreement about the second front. One of our informante asked ug what #0 Hitler 19428"meant and when we told him he said that they also said it in Spain, becauee in order to achieve 14 14 was necessary to open a second front. They think that if there was a landing in France the people wuld rige, They alse say that. there are rumours that they lami in Galicia and in this case thewhole of Galicia would revolt to help the Allies. fhe same thing would happen in any part of Spains The*DIVISION AZUL® is hated by the majerity of the people. fhey say that the majority have been”forced to volunteer, am explain how the recruiting is done. 4nyone_who_does_not-want_to-zo_and fight Communtem, take a etep forward. Some... ..— .- enlistel because of the desperate situation they were in. Some enlisted, too, bee because they: were stalwart Falangists. .When the recrutts left the proeince & great many people went to see them off, calling them *sons of bitchas® and . insulting their mothers. When one contingent of "Volunteers® came back.from the - Russian front at Irun they had to leave the train because the people ware sto ning. them. May people iamixkmx came back maimed ani with frostbite. They tell - . 4 eee : terrible isteries sbout the Germans and the horrors of the war. They say the = ° ee Rusalans are wery brave and. fi ght with great ccurage. That they heve large eupplies “.> + @f emunition, and that things on the Rue:ian front are not .ice the papers eaid . - they ‘@. They said that the food on the Russian front was very scarce and bad. Tt tas: sent to them from Spain ani they suffered many hardships. They‘all_ . . : 4 Wished to return to Spain as soon as possible; they rupented of having enlisteds mo, 8.
14-00000 HELP GIVEN BY THE TRANQUIST PEGINZ A'D TPR FRLANG? 3) -TPLER. —— How and then a they send reinforcemsnta to the Division Appl in groupe of a thousand or . . : one thousand five hundred, They aay that/Ad éfder to r-place the casualties and tho ° “those who revurn crirpled. Even the Palangists themselves say - *the Russian front is a very serious matter®.. Those wre are reersited to replace losses 4n Evsela are recr ited by force, by the process aiready menti.ned, All airmen have to serve some months on the Eastern frout a» ®trelciag®. They say that lately they were training avout 150 pilots tos end ihea to Russia. The war ; ‘ factories are worki:gat figh pressure. The Germans are directing tie erection~ of an aerodrome in the province of Luzo. In Gal cla very few Jernans are to be seen. Military instruction is oblizatery for boys ard y-utns in the "Frente de la Mliventud*®, They ase train ycuths from 15 onwards to serve in aviation, A fvlend of the informants told then that there passed da ly through a city in the North fifty card loaded wit war-natertal in the directicn of the Preanch trontier. German submarines refuel at fedendela and Vigo. H, says that English eeroplanes oltan maka Fecommaissance flights over the nersours of Galicia. They oescribe Serrano Suner as the zost subservient to the Wasis ai in ceneral te the Palanzlsts wlo nave crimes behind them or wi.o have vecome rich through ‘roubing the peo: ie. Those wro @O to work in Sprmany aie those workera Wno ave ndwork, or even if whey have any live in the createst poverty, They believe that ty roing to Germany they will be able to solve their economic eituarion and that of their families, The groups agsnt are not very large,accoriing to our .iformants, at least in Galicha. Tits is understandable because the Germans preicr specialiate. : According tu our informants, three workmen came back from Jermany who say that in Germany the situation ie terrible. They hardly eat, there is great poverty. They have the impression that Germany will not resieat long in consequence of the situation thers is in the country. They also say that a .roup of Spanish workmen ‘Were thrown out of the country because "they c aused trausle®, . ‘ “plane . woenite sentinels sake ay FRICTICN BETALEN THS RULING CLASSES = He does not knew of any dissentirn in the : army except tue case of Yague and quelpo, and gives dara which is already knw. . The soldiers in veneral are against the entry cf Spain in'c the war....They live in very bad conditions, badly fed, vaidly clothed an ille.realed 27 the officers, especially by the recently recruited Falan,ists. Thay all wish ts te demo. Leed ag soon as possible. They have demobllisec the 'Z9 irartt. By their conversation we ovaerve that the soldiers from the 8national® and the "Red® zones receive different treatment. In Galieia there are rany soldiers fron Catalusa wo have @lrealy spent several years in tna army. Trey cue not saace it difficult for youths of nilitary age to leave Srain; they cited thelr own cases. One of them is 18, the other 24 years old. ‘THE PSORLE'S PoST STANCE TO TPE WAR AND TEE FRANSUSST REGIka -—— They say that ‘there la no resistance there at ell, because no one can act, and passivity la the opinion and state of a nd of the people, ‘hen we insist they say there have been various trdn smashes and some derailmeants which they shink were due to sabotage as well as to the defective material. Sveryoody knowa the British and Soviet war communiques and they are discussed in private conversation. Some ‘ people take them down in shorthand md later circulate them. He says that in Vigo there is a secret transzitting station, but it was discovered oy the police and all tiose connected with it shot. They were gald to belong te the rapublican Left 7 (*Iequlerda Réepudlican#) and monz taose stot there was one doctor ami other intellectvals, He does not xnow any sore details. Women cosplain lowdg in queues of the shortage of foodstuffs. Ee knows because the rumour went rund there that _ Prieto-nade @ apeeéh in the White House before Reosevelt, and that Roosevelt embraced him saying that the Azericas were behind the Spaniards. This speech too ; _. ds circ-lating in clandestine coples, cut he never cccld see one. He says tcat po --. there is no organised p litical activity because this is impossible. He tells : ' ": + geveral Jokes which are going the rounds, and Quo’.s t=is ones -, "Recently : they nade a film called "We fhieves are Hgnest Men", Beneath the announcement of |. -, this film in Vigo, someone wrote "The Caudiilo's Oen Gords®.” Be says tke press — @ive acst spece to the English Fer com-uniques ani the U.S. war news bulletins... - se ew tenegenretmebere wate oo 5 EB OF THE PEOPLE TOWARDS NATI NAL UNISI, —- Talking -of Upity: | _ Mey Way textually "There, there are n. p es, there are ony anti~franguists, . : and all the differences between sections of the Pgpular Front have disappeared. 5 can)
14-00000 ° = . . ; : ; . + . ‘ ere . ' ; , - " 3. Be See, ae Galicia. The politicians with soot Lister is known and has a following in most, hated prestige are Prieto and Asana and Negrin, although Negrin is the . . by the Falangi ste". ° a 2 . | , or ‘FUTURE PROSPECTS. —- He thinks of the Republic as the Regine to wipe pie. Fasciam, but without a revolution, and he immediately stele people will sto wat a come because when the Germans are at their weakeat the : m1 rere thay and avenge the erimes of the Falangists. ‘The people's.b ee ee een rhe see those who assasainated their relations dressed Up soos. those "ho oar Palange consista only of professional assassins and ro ro noes lunge at the shirt can be recognised by their faces. Those who Join ; ange first now do not want to know anything about it, and do not wan ar * weer the shirt. There is friction between Requetes and Falangi sts. The peor F bate the Requetes less than the Falangists. They eay that the 8 each . only militariem and religion. There are many little boys who can hardly sven read, but wno can epeak of military 0; erations with sepa, artillery oie e A teacher who was dismissdd and came back to his post, told our informants at the Ministry constantly sent& thea bo.ksa of military tactics, so that they co teach them to the children. The sumer camps for children consist of sending boys to camp and teashing thea drill, “QENERAL SITUATION OF TH PEOPLE, — They apoke of the terrible poverty endured by & the people, and the higb-price of food; wages have hardly. been raieed in cosparie son witn those paid under the Republic. The Committees of Supply get hold of agricultural products and only leave a small quantity per person for the whale yserts supply. Already in their village the Falange had listed the crop although : they had not yet requisitioned it, which they had already done in other parts : of Galicia. Falangists speculate in. focdstuffs, selling thea at high prices ‘ and so get rich. He says that in Vigo a large quantity of rice wont bad and had to be thrown into the sea because they would mt sell it to the people at lower . ; pricea. The rationing & quite inadequate. They were a thole year without seeing | 4 olive cil. Haturally on the Black Market it could be mught at 50 pte and sore. : ma year they only had bread twice. A very small meal in a restaurant costée : i6 pts. Two courses and dessert 25 pts. Ons of them was charged 75 pts. for eating and sleeping in a pension in Wigo one day. A pair of shoes costs 25 pts., a poor suit 500, a dosen eggs 18 or more pts. The people hate the : Comaittess of Supply used by the Falangists to make themselves rich, They le say that there ia the greatest immorality in all official organisations and “ everyons eteals. 7 . ‘In the prisons there are still many people. They treat the prisonare very _ bedly. In the prison of Oviedo, which has a capacity for 600 there are sore than ‘- 8,500 prisoners. There are batallions of forced labour (workers they call tham), they grant some pecple conditional liberty but they send them te districts where they kmew no one and where they die of hunger, . . Qenerally these three young men have great confidence in the victory ever Hitler, and say Germany may break up this very yeare : REPORT No, S53_ information voluntesred by an emConsilar official of the Cuban Governmet in Spain, who arrived on the "Marques de Conillas® on the 25 th of July 1942, . The eubjeet ig a person of quite good economic position, Ee ia the song of Spaniards emi owns some properties in Asturias. He went as Consul te efter_Frmcofs_troopa_had taken peasession‘of'it. A man of. moderate views, . ; _ politically of the persuasion that was regnani there at the moment, he -honest2y-- ——-—--—---——. believed, doubtless as a result of Palangiat propaganda in America, that os ' . Franquist Sein was a paradise®, Later he iad the oppertanity of experiencing — < “ : what Franquism represented, and still represents for Spain, and owing to. his | ' honourable behaviour as Consul be was often insulted and was even threstened with - | expulsion. He was closely connected with of ielals of the Fasciat.Regime amd oo ee Mee .With Falengiste in high positions. His term of office, to use hig ow © a rt Ei vay ue godt ae Unk aa Hae sche LLY iota Fh Teen oe fue ' expression, was more su@Gessful through his friends than owing to his positions > ee *. sy . , ‘ . “ ot ba - : - . ele as ° a . - ae * u Suis . ao . . a . ny a 7 . > '
: frontier, through which trains pass with produce for Hitler. There are forti- © 8 i oe 8/4612 . Od @ote BS cog of the ‘Spanteb peaple are ‘against. reg  eaye that to assess accurately the solution desired . by thie nlaety peroeat he wery difficult, Sogo wish, specifically, for the ; 2 resterati a of the Republic, but he saintans that what averyone is longing for . ehanee in tbe Becta, emmethiag te relieve the really chaotic situation Spaniok poerle Tied themmolwea, (Ee did not know life under the Republic, and therefore thea be talked with poople they always underlined the enormow difference there wae betueea that life and life under the present regime). The Palangiat waity & oF oeast ef ie a myth. Division in the Franquist Camp grews dally. The Falanclete write lenppeans in the atreeta and-so do the -~ -- ReQuetes, bat thelr slesehs are contradictory, fhe Falangists accuse the rest — of being cure end eraitera te tae qeetrine of the Palange. For exazple, he talked te a Falangiet liewtenant = the men cane frea Guba to fight at Pranco's aide = in the cafe “EA date Becre® tn Hacedd, a feu days before embarking, He scemed te bo anheond cf the preseat aituetion ia Spain. Ne axeused himself by Tepentiag the Palangiat tag that tee Palange had Deen betrayed, (Thie must refer to the’ Ennsrchieta Paquetes, aad ether reatticaaries), The Palangists ere avere of the preveat aituaties ia Gaia, Ueraape that ta the reason why--they are eetking a solution Wick Till preserwe thelr elaae privileges. In hia own phrase = the Prepyaiet regime Bence [rom a tery thin thread, which suet nap very goon, (Perhare thie le at saly the wee of cur inforaant, but alse of sons ailitary end civil lesiere with wes. he cag elegely cennested)s For thie reason, be says, they bave tried te cive ae lepressica of a change, king advantage ef the “Canmra Gerporetiva®, aad, if it ie trae, with the resteration ef a O8 TEE HORECHY, ——- There ie, he says, no public ankivity with this goal. There does nob exist what we aight~eall paychoiegical receptivity for this measures bot undoubtedly migetiations ia thie direction are being earricd on by high efficlele of the Fremqaiat Regime. B® was in Madrid on the 22 - 23 dyne 1P42, at the tims of the wielt of Bon Juan, His visit was not given any publicity, but there were widespread pelice precautions. The streets nearest to the palace were elesed te the peblie and a atrict watch tas kept. There were alse arrests ef gagpici®es; persons, those wre hal bees in prisen ete, But the press gave m sign. The presence ef Den Jum eas public property. The people seensd com pletely indifferent. The soharchiste displayed no activity either. Perhaps, be eided, they tool: precautionary measures with eoze people characterised by their adhesion to the Hmnarehy. His iepression ie that if the sonerchy wore restered in Spaia it would be in ellimes with the Palangista, but the peocle would still have the imression that the situation had changed. Ee maintained thet there wuld be the samblanmce of a coup dtetat, apparently directed agai nat the Pelange, but Francowuld remain bead of ths army. If.se, Bhinge wuld, funda= mentally, reusin bem as thay ere; that ig, the Spanish State would still be extirely eubordinated to Eitler, ani without changing ths policy af “partiality® they now azintain, to one 6f "neutrality® in the war, They would take this eatep, in bia opinion, only in the lsat resart, if faced with a second front in Europe, and on the eppreach of Bitler's defeat, which would, naturally have on imediate repercussion on the ¢ auatries subject to the Rasis in Europe, - ON THE COMPLETE SUBSERVIEICY OF THE FRASQUIST REGIME 10 HITLER. —- In Spain the Falangists de not speak of their peal tion eutrality® in the war but of Sertiality®. This is. thetr attempt te justify the help they give to the _4xie.__PThers_are_Ggrmma submarine refuelling stations in Vigo, Redondela, and en the Galician coast. This is public property, bat every now and then the press publishes @ complete denial that Axis submarines refuel'in Spain, ' these : denials are very frequant bat they do not give such proef.: Those who can ses ¢enker-leunches. carrying on this werk lamgh at these ridiculous denials. Alse om more than one cecaaien Garman submarines have been repaired in Spanieh . 28 Galicia it is quite izposasible te get. a pot of jam.. ALL the preduction, ‘Ghich is. emermougs, goes to the Germens.: There are places.on the fieations and artillery on the ceaste of Galicia, where the dermans are in . comand, There sre also new -aeredromss ; sous already finished and. some under construction by German technicians. _fhey fear m Allied invasion in Galicia. Hitler is assisted not. only. with food ant primary: materials; bat alao with caaaedl sara NTU ype ANP SUPT GS ae
a | Phere ig continuous propaganda for the sending of volunteers as workers to Qermany. Unwiliing contingents of solélers have left for the Blue Division. “: @apect, which through diserstion he did not repeat. - gad five ehdldren spent froa 9.600 to 10,000 ° * , andl afde that. besides. they ¢camot earn no THE DIVISION AZUL was a Palangist manoeuvre to give political icportance to some © Falangist leaders. The manoeuvre turned out very badly. Tris Division is the ¢ most unpopular innevation of the Palange. Our informant talked with 11 sur- vivors of the division, who had returned from the Russian front cn account of their wounds. One of them was 18 when he left ag a volunteer, without the consent of hie family. He asked if he would return to the front again and he answered categorically ®My eyes have been opened. I will rever return*, They all speek of the bed food they are given - mainly vitamin pllis and pots of jam, They speak of the courage and fighting spirit cf the Russian arsy, but above all of the contempt with which the Ogrmans treated thea. They regarded them as inferior beings and they aleo said that when they -aid compliments to the Gergan women, a Spanish custom, they answered them disdainfully as if they despised theme There were cases of selfenutilation in the ranks of tim Blue Division. At any rate their panic was obvious, and they refused to return. Everybody speaks 111 of the Division asul. '.” te comzender Minos Grande, is the most descised of acldiers, Cowtless jokes about this division circulate in Sain. Our informant knows several, but cites tho following as anerample which came frog the Clib Beneventearniches etc. "EL Gato Negro® in Madrid. unos Grande sent a televram to the political address of the Blue Division at the front - this was the address; }'.2.7. UR33, M.c. The telegram arrived and no ons co-ld decipher it, but finally a woldier said = "Ims is quite clear®, and real the following words = "Fe were all deceived. Serrano Suner ig the only one responsible. Many thanks", (*Fuizos engenaios todos. Unico repponsable §,Suner. Mjchas cracias®), ON THE DARGER OF WAR FOR SPAIN AT HITLER'S SIDE, — His izpression is that Spain wil will contime to assist Pitler as she is doing now but that she will rot enter tho war. ome of the Generale are in disagreement with the present polley = among them Varela, Aarmda, Yague, Queipo etc. Among the soldiers the feeling against the Pascist Regime ia very marked, They comlain of bad food, treatment, Clothes.... too such time apent on marches ete, Queipo, on his retarn f roa Tpaly was rude to Serrano Suner and struck him for which he was seat back to Italy. Gsneral sranda spent a aonth at Gijon and talked to our informant, They had an interview. our informant has a real admiration for Aranda, wi.o, he says, is a gentleman. He says that afanda ap-eared to be Igftiet. among hie. renarks he remerbers the following words. "We Spaniards are robbers, ¥e are, and we have been for some tims, If you walk through the Castellana of Madrid you wiil-eee the susptuous paleces owned by Besler(?) ani Pramo de Rivera, etc, built wi with the blood of the Cuben people and the poor Spaniards who Went to defend the Spanish colonies. The colonitm ware lost but the military leaders, whose duty it was todsfend them, enriched themselves. How it is the sane thing over again. Wo made a revolution in order to bring progress to Spain but we have spilt blood in torrents useleassly. The result was not worth the expense of so auch blood end so much mpreseion®, . . %n his conversation, although he said nothing againgt the Germans, he showed contexpt for the Falengists who are enriching themselves; he showed particular fear of the treatment meted out to tha soldiers in barracks. Eis impression io that it was a result of the seriousness of the aituation through whieh the Franmquist regine was passing and fear of what the outcome might be. Ee said. nothing about the state of the war, and whether he was 9 Partisan of Englandt. wh the conversation he had with the General 1t is possible that there was another HUNGER SETUATION. —~ The situation has becone noticeably wrse during the last gonths. For several sonths alrealy the rationing has beer practically mil. . the rich buy everything on the. Black Wrket. Our informant, with his wife a menth on food alone. Ee. se during the year his expenditure on food — he doea not drink nor’ snoke = ws mat pesetas. Of course-he had a special clothes budget - 600 pesetas for sult and 180 te 200 for a pair of shoes. When asked how the workers.live who — @ 18 pts. salary or perhaps less, he says very badly, They do cot eat, : re. Ip the wrkers and the: ig t eral had @ greater purchasing power, life wuld be impossible in: Spain ts they: ; B Spee 6
14-00000 would algo buy on the Black Ma ket and no one would eat. Therefore Om ane. privileged classes can eat, and they can only do it if they have . a tbe They accuse the Falangist leaders and the Government of racketeor in ved. _. Black Merkete:. Dazense fortunes have been made in a night. “They co to chat oo , ani wake up aillionairess This is the only explanation of the fact. one fg allowed two packets of tobacco at 0.90 per person per week, and in the Compania arrenditaria de Tobacos, which is a state monopoly, one person can buy from 100 to 10,000 packets of the 0.90 at 7.50 a packet. Ha alse - relates the following instance, Petrol is scarce in Spain. -A titre costs — 15. pts. Cara frequently etop in the streets fer lack of it. He cites a case which happened in the sfreet of Gijon. A distingwashed. military personage had no petrol He saw a tank=convoy of Campss pass and asked. the chauffeur for a few litres, and then he refused, he ordered ‘them to give it to him, as a superior officer. The chauffeur refused-again, and in a panic explained that he could not do it because he was not carrying petrol but olive ‘oll, withcut being able to explain which allitary leader or leaders it was destined for, although he knew it wag to be eald/ contraband. . SITUATION OF TY PRISONERS, = Ha cannot calculate the number of prisonera there are actually at the moment although Le asserts that it is at any. rate enormous. By reason of his pogition he has vis ted prisons and fortresses, and ig terrified at the terrible treatment in the "Comigarias® Civil Guard barracks ete. more than cne occasion he says he has saved more than one Republican fromo rtain death. The prison that he knows is the Cote at Gijon. I, is at the moment sompletaly full. the treatesnt is inhuman, They do not give the prisoners a call number but allocate them only a aquare meter for sleeping, atanding Gt. That ia to say that when a prieonor arrives he ia given a metre of ground. Her do they give them a mess. Lately they agreed to give them a peseta ddly for maintenanes. He dees not understand why there are not mere deaths, as with one peseta a day in the prison canteen one can only buy bread. They Book the miners who were prisoners to camps so that theymuld wrk in the mines. They gave them 50usts. day wages for bachelors and a peseta for a aife and 50 ete. for each child, to the married ones. They keep them working ten and twelve hours égily in.the mine. ‘he number of shootings has dimimished. I$ ia imputed to the fact that "almost all sust have been tried®, — THE CLERC] -— . He says that the clergy have never intervened in poitics from the ° pulpit as much as they do now, sometimes inveighing against the Franquist ‘Gevernnent, and at other times, naturally, defending the poliey of the Falange. Humbera of the prieate and monks continually ex:ound their view on the pelitieal regine and the points on which they differ fren it. As a characteriatle example he relates that about two montha ago in Gijon there was a house used provisionally as the Church of San Jose, which was destroyed during the war. A priest, — . “pfefessor at Salananca, gave five lectures. In these lectures he spoke almost xclusively on political questions, and attacked the Franquist Government. for their method of supply and distributing tie foodstuffs guong the people, saying that what was wanted was rore rationing and leas Prenquist reg@istions, — He also advocated the necessity of a pardon for all comiemned people and other | things that our informant does not remesber, 600. peorcle went to the first lecture, but ie the second ons, when they heard what the subject was, waa attended by - literally all Gi jones ; . oo. ; , RECONSTHUCTI“N, ~~ Reconstruction ia only done as a matter of private enterprise by proprieters end ehurches. In Madrid, the Montana barracks, the priepn, the workers districts, damaged by the bombardments, remain as they are. Nothing - - . _ > has beenrebuilt. The arguellos district has bean partly rebuilt. Every owner . . has taken-in-hand—his-own-property.-- The Franquist' recenstiiuetion policy is a mythe | oe The people mock at it and make. jokes, among them the following - In Gijon they mmar = erected a building marked "Reconstruction Office"zsin the hallway there were - _- te doors, one marked ®for partial destruetion® and the other *fer-totel. destrugtion’ . - So a well-known Asturian who was visiting the office about his house which hal | ',. _,been partially destroyed went into that department. Onee inside, there were twe' “_--, more doers = "for those who have. some resources, and f8r those who have net®. | _ 54.7, - He went through the first door, there was another room with two doors = "fer s.:, «© Showse who are Palangists, and for those who are not®, He went through the second
14-00000 wesemacaws gf 4612 ate PACTS ABOUT PESISTANCE, - _ tn Spain acto of sabotage are carried out on the reiles ways, festeries, ete., although he cannot decide whether these are organised. cs - ‘getions decreed py illegal organisations of Spanieh Republicans or are epone .- ' taneous acts of workers who ere onemies-of the Falangist regime. He dose not know any concrete instance cf tie activity of the workers organisations, C.P.3e ete., but when Se was in Eadrid on the 22nd and 23rd of last June; thers was a film on called °@ Thieves are Honest ten% There were thousands of lamocns dong on that, some very clever and suggestive which were seattered throughout Madrid. According to our informant, one day the lampoons appeared printed in the same type lettering aa tie roster, with the following —- Swords of the Candillo, frea a recent spcech®. For tide reason there wore erresta and a number of “ beatings in Madrid. Ee also saw how the people had lost their fear. In the Oran Vie in Madrid a man eried out that he was not enly red but communist, and he muld not endure this any sore. Apparently the people told hia te be ailent out he did not take any notice. The R.A.F, bombardment of Colognes, which was know in Gain fro. the Rnglish bSeadcaste, was calebrated almost all ever Spain by the people who stayed up much later than the usua] time in the atreets, drinxing in bare, ete. He says that even the police took part as they are largely Anglophile, CURRILLERO$ -—— He says that there ere many in Asturian; there le a atate of war. There are Moore and the'Tereie!, fhe guerilleres appear occasiondly im the villages and avenge the deaths of antieascists who have bean murdered by the Falange. They take food and clothes. Once his car was atopped by a group of them in the atreet of Llanss. They wore dressed as Falangists. hen he showed his papere as Consul of Cuba and proved he was not the previous eonm] Pena, a known Falangist, they saluted him and said = “Long live the people of Cuba®, He says that although they behaved correctly he was rather afraid. Ee knows that a short time ago the guerillersa of Caspocaso had Tight with the Civil Quard and killed several people, omong thelt some wll knows Elane giets in the district. It appears that the Guerilleres are magnifiemtly armed, FUTURE PROSPECTS, ——- He believes firmly that Hitler will be defeated this years Me bas great faith ia the people of Bpain and Franee, ete. Hasiadoninated Burepe will arise, aince thie life cannet continues Yeven one unter mere®, He fe confident tiat the 0.9.3.2, will not be defeateds on the contrary the Seviet battlefronts will be the end of Hitlerigs. He believes that England . and the U.S, im opening a second front, will count on the help of peoples oppressed by the Hasia, in France or in Spain, amd thinge will move rapidly. the Spanieh people ure walting for the invasion of the Allies in order te take ‘armp in the streets against thelr rulers, The Spaniards trust in the Allies and hope that the Second Front will not be long delayed. Seviet and English breadcaste. ‘arelietensd to; they fcllow the progress of te war. They hate the Germans ani the Italians. These who before supported Franco are now his enamies and partisans of the defeat of Hitler. The Spanish people hope te escape from thia altuation by the defeat of Hitler anid trust ih the Restoration ef the Republic. Cuba, — 28.7642, REPORT Wo,355 - ABOEL MARTINEZ, 26 years old, is a student from Bilbao. He is not a consistent Fascist or anti~Fascist either, as his opinionsa/fiither confused, Sy RDS THE HAR, —= He says that no one speaks of the war SSsause “they take. the view" that oy pin will not enter it. All ths world thinks that Germany will lose the war because her enemies are very strong. He says that mthing ie said about the secomi front. about the Blue Division he says that.the people are against those wno went te Rusela, ehiefly because they think : >, them mad. He tdked to a frienc of his who came back from Russia, who was ae Ghereughly gled to ba.back. He said that our entire war was ehild's play es 8. ' eompared with tis one and the way the Russians fight. He 8 ays that gom . rarer _ iaftists werein the Division through hunger, and some were Falangi st adventcrere, . <a i: “and im spite of its being said that all are volunteers it in obvious that many vty 0 7 es Leweed. inte: ite He: aye that in the ‘Gibraltar: Genonetration, there were
a ‘ only four Palangists, exho do not know what war meacs", - become wary difficult. He says: that all students llong to the 3.2.0. although it. - QW CONDITIONS oF TIVE —. He axplains thit in therationing they allow a KL. of _ po-atees per person a week, a-quarter litre of::live oft, 200 gr. of vegetablds ete. Bo one muy on that except thoge who have a let of money; the rest go woe | @ Te : Los 9 pe eB ot EUS y € Ya general be pretenis to be slow and tries. tug et cut of the questicas with trifling angesss. We think it is because he feels constratned. by @ Falangist who is with tim. He declares that be ie against Serrano Suner, but. be says he is quite favourable to Pranco vecauge be ;romigates laws wh:ch favour the people ard is a partisan of neutrality besides, Whea we give rie examples, especially that of the Blue Diviscn, $¢ ehey him what Franco's neutrality . gnounte te, he maintains that they are all voluntesrs. Hy says they are always. . spoaking in favour both ef Germang and the Allies, because Franco wiehes to | atand well with beth sides. Ee says tha: when the state of *nomebelligerence” was established the people wera content becanse before that they were afraid ef being involved inthe war. This fear, he eays , is ot so strong now, When aaked what he would do if be were in Spain and the Gpanish people were involved in the war he answered ~ *“[would go to the mountains or spend a bulle® on the first officer woo tried to force me", He says that many Spaniards would do the same if Spain were foread into the war, because it wuld be so . SUPPORT GTVEN BY THS FRANQLIST BROTHER TO HITLER. ~~ He dogs mt know the proporations ef this asaiatance but he says that volunteera continue to leave for the fronte Yn the seme way he thinks that if the Ogrmana did rot take provisions fron Spain all the needa of the country would be supplied. With this idea he ecm plains against the Germans and against Serrano Suner atove all. Falangistsa ‘no urtiform are now only seen in parades, WORERS YOR GERMANY — He says that a few months ago thay sent a great quantity ef workers to Germany, They were almost all Galicians, and very few from Bilbao. A little later they were returned because "they were being deceived", petting into diffieulties?. When he was asked tobe more precise he said that when thy got to Germany they asked to be returned to Spain, and so they did with alnost all of them ’ TEPRCR = Ee says there are no persecutions or executions. When the execution Lerremage as nentioned he sald that the people had no knowledge of these erines, About the refugees he says that the people talk of thelr Seturning te Spain when the war is overe FRICTION — On this point, without being questionsd, he says that the Pequetes ami Falangists cannot meet, because when the two parties were amalgamated the Requetes were pushed into the background, and that ia the reason they prefer the monarehy. On thia poiat he says that he has heard nothing about the restoration nor ebout the differences between certain leading factions in the armye RESISTARCE, = at first he said that no one speaks about the war or any other problems because the peo-le are afraid, Bu~ afterwards he aaid that people remamber the Republic and h.w well they lived tnan, Hg does not report any ezafple of resistance to the war. Ee says that the Baticnalists have a lot of ine» fluence, but rot so cther parties, among them ours. Prieto has no influence d ther. Ia general it is obvious that he is ignorant of many things or dees not dare to speak of then, ; . . i UNITY == All the antl-Pascists are united, but he gives no details. FUTURE PROSPECTS -— -When the war ends with che vietory of the Allies Franco will fall, and he thinkg that the Resublic will return. He thinks it will happen soon. .- - because the situation is unbearable, although "there is no need to think of Rgvolutio He gaye that 1f the Oermans invaded Spain the people would rise. 4s we. said, he is etpilying for his ‘bachelors degree. His satriculatimecosts,i:cluding tie price ; ef books, abeut SOO pte; before it used te cost 200, He says that atudying has is sot obligatery, but they are coerced, ani they join in order te be in a good Fa i ?