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rine ete ake BO RENTS ag ee POET SQ me pec eee 2 a owe ae yep Tob ds keys « se ee Se Ferenc. 2 Ly patentee pwee ana SHG AE FN Fiat ere ay ke ahd Bg a Pere 7 i s Te ee 4 3 s : fa | 8 re) —————4 $ a) ——___ | == a| 3 = i ———— ——a : —-, e 3 — = nD S — | ——F 1 5 68 —— ix 2 —S —— fe) ~ SS ' —i : 5 , —a i —= Ve | | _—nesec! o $ Ss — —- fad > — SS ———O —————T 7 2 ——=s Fé —— : is + fe ~~ cr ———— i, N —— ————————thy a ———| ————— jE <= 2 S== ————— fa g —— SF ; SS =—— oO} a — > | toe == =——— lig & —— —— Lo ' re} 2 =—————_— g x = CG 8 ; N = Ss 8g rs) 3 Page 2 32969556 Docld
~ fl Doo: . . w WICLIAM G. MILLER, STAFF DISECTOR FREDERICK A, ©. SCHWARZ, JR., CHIEF COUNSEL CURTIS R. SMOTHERS, MINORITY COUNSEL, . ‘ . de . . .” Syms . P * + BRAN GHURGH, IDAHO, CHAI AY . ‘ . ate oY . : ICHN G, TOWNR, TEXAS, VICE CHAINMAN ’ . . . . . 4 q PHIL ACHART, HICH, HOWARD H BAKER, JR. YENN. a 7. 7 - . WALTER &. MaANDALE, MINN, BARRY GOLDWATER, ARIZ. . , > \ . Waty ee OD, HUDOLESTUN, KY. CHARLES HOC. MATHIAS, JR., 14D, . we . REBERY MORGANS. RICHARD &, SCHYEIXER, PAs oS £ ‘% £ fey, “14 £ ri AB; f- . wluites Blates DBenale SELECT COMMITTEE TO STUDY GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS WITH RESPECT TO INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES , SPURSUANT TO S, RES, 21, STH CONGRESS) * WASHINGTON, D.C. 20516 ta ietieindaniiien ed December 16, 1975 nner ; f Michael nf shaheca, dx., Esq. Special @ounsel for Intelligence Coordination Office Sf the Deputy Attorney ‘General U. S. Pepartment of Justice . “Washimgton, D. C. 20530 . ° Deafr Mike: PE idl La lphbh 5. cane scad Sadana cats adelaide soa sdcaink aitindinec ata The Select Committee requests delivery of the mate- vials in the attached list pertaining to the authorization for and purpose of non-consensual telephone and microphone surveillances directed at American citizens or resident aliens during the period 1973-1975. : ‘ ne In the case of surveillances directed at groups or meetings which included both non-resident aliens in the service of a foreign power and American citizens or resident aliens, delivery of the materials is also requested. In addition to the materials listed in the attach- ment, the Committee requests all materials pertaining to any surreptitious entry conducted by the FBI over the past five years which was not directed at a non-resident alien in the service of a foreign power. With respect to this request and the request for similar materials made in my letter of November 21, 1975, the names of the targets may be excised. Unexcised versions of the documents should be made available for access. Sincerely, “John T. ELLIf£, Director Domestic Intelligence Task Force ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED a ‘A HEREIN. {S JNCLASSIFI AS ALM P Attachment” - “ . _ . . z y . ry Docld: 32989558 pagel 4 ol - {l- SIO — \V36
. » . . a . &e "PUAN Ch age be BTRNOE, Cetag ages, JOHN ee Tbe ey Toa ty VED re , Toten, POW te tat gk DALI, Bee Berwyn og O, Her. nee reat, Os Fey “ ae ony REGUATS, SOP WAT CIR, PAL . ww wale a cis f £d _ a Awe ® . E nok oy ct : Over ts . feed whch aoe. a BELL. ie 77% TGS ES } VALU ATA G FOTE 6, 4 tat CTER fea ON AC NT GF COUNT . . . Araya CAN bie Re SMA MLES, MabQiaTyY COUNSEL fas LECT COMMITTEE TO - STUDY, GOVERNMENTAL OPLRATIONS WITH RESPECT TO INTHLLIGENCE ACTIVITIES , PURSUANT TO S, RCS. 21, HTH CONCRISS) + WASHINGTON, D.C. 20516 December 16, 1975 Michael E.. Shaheen, Jr., Esq. Te Special Counsel for Intelligence Coordination Office er the Deputy Attorney ‘General U. S. Bepartment of Justice ‘Washington, D. C. 20530 . , Dear Mike: f , Tne Select Committee requests delivery of the mate- vials in the attached list pertaining. to the authorization fe! for and purpose of non-cansensual telephone and microphon - surveillances directed at American citizens or resident aliens _ 8 durine the pericd 1973-1975. : . Pp In the case of surveillances directed at grours or meetings which inciuded both non-resident aliens in the service of a foreign power and American citizens or resident aliens, delivery of the materials is also requested. rn addition to the materials listed in the attach- _ ment, the Committee requests all materials pertaining to eny 48 surreptitious entry conducted by the FBI over the past five pm years which was not directed at a non-resident alien in tre service of a foreign ‘power. With respect to this request and the request for similar materials made in my letter of November 21, 1975, the names of the targets may be excised. Unexcised versions of the documents should be made available for access. ~ Sincerely, vy avy lay pe -“ “ ~ : ” errr) a . ad Aoi OMY New John Tt. ELL iff, Director [Se VLU wi ze YL\ Domestic Intelligence Task Force ts a : : — ISI . Von i ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED ¢ Attachment :. I~ HEREIN |S NOLASSIFIED ore AN DATE lifes By SIAL, SPOAUMRE . : : o Nie . { ‘ PA « eon ‘ Ps F ‘ . cae i toy “ woe ~ “ “ t woe we - - » Yoea tt oa aye len "SR yee aia ™ an se ye : Bing iy WATE te ae Z ea Tae meee ca ee ET pe - rey ond ST ge at ey Bet ang * . ere - a an a4 . if chee eS rom KOA ge Pn iene an stan “Te a wt weet oe yes ’ HW 55107 DoclId:32989556 Page 6
BY SIRALM “Ip of uy ai On | NW 55107 tonmertenne| N ‘ec. . foreign htel Ligence, agent suspects; Request ‘for Access to, FBI Materials For the period 1973-1975, materials pertaining to the authorization for and purpose of non~consensual tele- phone and inicrophone surveillances directed .at American #tizens or resident aliens falling. in the Following: “Gategories: -- a. foreign intelligence agent's; ‘b. "foreign | intel1igericé | contacter “de. foreign’ diplomatic officials contact; S. ” foreign intelligence. agent" Ss business “office. +. For. the- year ‘1973, “materials pertaining to the authori-~ zation for and purpose of non-consensual telephone and -" microphone surveillances directed at American citizens Ww Lo 57 Docld: 32989558 Page 9 ly oa We rT or resident aliens falling in the ‘following categories: a. headquarters basic xevolutionary group; * b. pro~Palestine group; c. Arab terrorist activist; d. propaganda outlet League of Arab States; e. West Coast fund-raising for Arab- terrorist groups. For the year 1974, materials pertaining to the authori- zation for and purpose of non-consensual telephone and microphone surveillances directed at American citizens or resident aliens falling in the following categories: a. headquarters basic revolutionary group;* b. Arab terrorist affiliate; c. pro-Palestine group; beam Reena t  menannntag . . a me tee alleen ee . ° Se etn Le ae ee he ee
" +. d.° Arab terrorist activist;* ~* e, propaganda -outlét League Of ‘Arab’ States;* “£. Arab terrorist activist affiliate. ** 4, For the year 1975; materials pertaining to the authori- zation for and purpose of non-consensual telephone and microphone surveillances directed at American citizens or, resident aliens falling in the following categories: _ a. - Arab terrorist: affiliate;* ae wb. ‘pro-Palestine group;’ ” c. Arab terrorist activist; “dy _ propaganda outlet League of Arab. States; * "e.” coverage.of Arab terrYorist-activist: meeting; ** f. pro-Chicom propaganda outlet.* * Summary chart reveals telephone surveillance only. ** Summary chart reveals microphone surveillance only. HW 55107 DocId: 32989558 Page 10 . . we kes shee ed Boers poe om \
t + car nae ‘ ¥ ~ 1 tad! a ne. wee a nan Pee ae wee D ‘citizens or resident aliens Falling in the following ‘categories: ma, . fo! a ‘a. foreign in telligence: agents; "p.!" foreign intelligericé contacts; * ere foreign diplomatic officials contact; Iaicropho one survelllances dire ected at American citizeans COS J ® sO G o) un ct FA fe) bh > Q For the period 1973-1975, materials pertaining to the authorization for and purpose of non-consensual tete- phone and microphone surveillances directéd at American ec. .foreign intelligence agent suspects; . . . A . . , , e. foreign intelligence: agent's business office. For. the- year 1973, materials pertaining to the authori-~ - zation for and purpose of non-consensual telephone and or resident aliens falling in the following categori¢s: a. headquarters basic xevolutionary. group; * b. pro- -~balestine group; c. Arab terrorist activist; d. propaganda outlet League of Arab States; e. West Coast fund-raising for Arab: terrorist groups. For the year 1974, materials pertaining to the authori- zation for and purpose of non~consensual telephone and microphone surveillances directed at American citizens or resident aliens falling in the following categories: headguarters basic revolutionary group;” 183) » ou Arab terrorist affiliate; c. pro-Palestine group; : * - f fa —_— . . . . £” ee ; cat org - me net . - vt . - yy * o TH yee re My, eet ee, BE A, be . ae oa” . ef ; a . ‘ : sent TSO bye, ace ame ne . ot ‘ - athe -. 0 ‘a8 yt mage Sete eee 6955 Page 11
si HW 55107 a.’ ren terrorist acvivist; e. propaganda -outlét League of Arab’ States;* £. Arab terrorist-activist affiliate.** 4, Por tne year 1975; materials pertaining to the authori-~ zaticn for and purpose of non-conscnsual-tvlephone and Microphone surveillances directed ar American citizens or resident aliens falling in the following categories: os A. . Arab terrorist affiliate;* -b. pro- Palestine FLOUR: | - c. Arab’ ‘terrorist aétivist; ‘da. propaganda | outlet League of ‘Arab, States;* “e. coverage:.of - Rrab terrorist. “activist: meeting; * ne £. pro-Chicom propaganda outlet.* * Summary chart reveals telephone surveillance only ** Summary chart reveals microphone surveiilance ons. NS Docld: 329895568 Page 12 :
OPTIONAL FORM NO. 10 $010-106 MAY 1962 EDITION “a . . GSA GEN, REG, NO. 27 UNITED STATES cBxvenc @& ; Assoc. Dir. Dep. AD Adm. — InGp. AD Inv. — (? M: emorandum te Comp. Syst. —— Jo " i Mr. Cleve na wri fige wee DATE: November 28, 1975 Files & Com E Gen. Inv. “mre : Mees % Inspection ___.. PROM R. J. McCarthy AT Bre Page I sbovorory Lon naantnnet barcennnancel Carn oo amend x " Plan. & Eval. — sunjecT: TESTIMONY AY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL Teining. BEFORE THE SENATE SELECT COMMITTEE rea ee Re ON INTELLIGHNCE ACTIVITIES Director Sec’y —_ Rememo Legal Counsel to Mr. Adams, November 24, 1975, requesting the hree investigative divisions to prepare materials dealing with majo i“ vestigative techniques | for use in connection with the above- referenced” testimony: Enclosed herewith are write-ups prepared by the Special Investigative Division, dealing with electronic surveillances, car-. tracking devices, consensual monitoring, polygraph examinations closed-circuit television, confidential informants, mail covers, /) trash covers, pen registers, and toll call records. if , RECOMMENDATION: [ That, upon approval, this memorandum. be routed to the Office of Congressional Affairs/vhich is coordinating the Bureau's response in captioned matter) J Enclosures (9) OV L 4 a) ae My 1~ Mr. Mintz | Log Mom — Yy tage Hots | aug, (fe We 25 [234 1- Mr, Gallagher Ws 1- Mr. Cleveland B Cee Bl 75 1- Mr. McCarthy 1- Mr. McHale \, + ALL INFORMATION coven . EIN f§ UNezas Ned JEM:rar  ,,/ Oa BS ay (9) J Y KP Vv \ By dak’ HW 55107 DoclId:32939556 Page 13
ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCES All electronic surveillances employed by the FBI in the field of organized crime are authorized in advance by the Department of Justice and by a United States District Judge in the form of a Federal court order, as provided for in Title Iii of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968. ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED OAR fi ome ‘ee ! “f HW 55107 Docld:329899556 Page 14
HW 55107 CAR-TRACKING DEVICES These devices, also known in the law enforcement profession as "beepers, '' are miniature transmitting devices attached surreptitiously to the bumper, fender, or some other part of an automobile so that surveil- lance vehicles may more easily follow the travels of an individual using such an automobile. Authorization for the use of these tracking devices by Bureau Agents must be obtained from FBI Headquarters on a case-by-case basis, but no requirement exists that the Department be notified regarding such authorization. As the result of two recent Federal court decisions, offices covered by the State of Oregon and the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals (including Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, and the Canal Zone) must obtain a warrant before using car-tracking devices. ALL INFO MATION CONTAINED HEREIN 19 Ub ASSIF; DATE_| af BASSE ? CA ea) 62 MOBI. \d34 Docld: 3279895568 Page 15
CONSENSUAL MONITORING DEVICES Special Agents in Charge of FBI field offices may authorize the monitoring of telephonic conversations in nonsensitive cases where one of the participants has given written cons ent and the appropriate United States Attorney concurs. In cases of extreme sensitivity, authority must be obtained from Bureau Headquarters. No notification is made to the Department. With respect to on-the-body recorders or recording devices installed on a premises with the permission of one of the participants, Departmental policy requires that the FBI receive Departmental permission before attempting such coverage. In certain instances, when the event to be covered does not give sufficient time for the Bureau to obtain Departmental permission, the Director or someone designated by him may authorize the desired on-the-body or premises coverage immediately, provided that the Department is notified of the full facts in writing promptly thereafter. Alt | ree Hf itn SO NTAINED 00 ey SRaAc)6? ENCLOSURE, (2-Weg7o7 (23H HW 55107 Docld:32989556 Page 16
HW 55107 Docld: 329895568 Page i? POLYGRAPH EXAMINATIONS The polygraph (or so-called "lie detector'') technique involves the use of instrumentation with an individual to record psychophysiological responses during a carefully controlled interrogation in an effort to determine whether or not deception is indicated. Over the years it has generally been held to be inadmissible in court although, properly admin- istered, it can be an invaluable investigative tool. Because of the continuing: controversy in the public media, courts, and the scientific community regarding use of the polygraph, the FBI has adopted a conservative policy and rationale, utilizing it to implement an interrogation and provide investigative direction without relying on it solely as a substitute for logical investigation. In each instance, authority must first be obtained from FBI Headquarters and a written waiver be signed by the person to be interviewed. No Departmental permission is required to employ this technique. eh MATION CONTAINED CLASSIFt Hs BY SOALMIG ENCLOSURE b A -MbEGGs7 | 234 x,
: ALL INFORMATION HEREIN y SS we pare AYO x SPAM? CONFIDENTIAL INFORMANTS In the field of criminal investigations--and particularly those dealing with the subject of organized crime--no investigative technique is more valuable than that dealing with the use of confidential informants. These sources, at the risk of their lives, furnish information relating to law violations, the whereabouts of desperately wanted fugitives, the structure and activities of organized criminal groups, the identities of racket bosses and their spheres of influence, and the sources of hoodlum funds. In most cases, the probable cause utilized in affidavits requesting court-authorized electronic surveillances comes from confidential informants. Bureau policy with respect to the development and control of confidential informants is generally aimed at the need for exercising great care and judgment in the selection, operation, and evaluation of these sources. Safeguards provide for a preliminary analysis of an individual's potential for development, a probationary period of observation before he is declared a full-fledged informant, continuing corroboration of his information as compared with that furnished by other sources and investigations, regular certifications as to his reliability and mental stability by the Agent handling him, and the utilization of an alternate Agent to assist the primary Agent in handling and evaluating the informant. In addition to on-the-scene supervision provided by the office operating him, each informant is also evaluated continually at FBI Head- quarters based upon the payment requests and progress letters detailing his accomplishments and by the inspection teams which visit each office annually. Close supervision is also necessary to insure that the Bureau never gets into a position where it can be accused, either rightly or wrongly, of financing illicit operations, condoning criminal violations, entrapping persons into committing offenses, or having its representatives serve as agents provocateur. In order to protect the lives of its informants, the FBI closely restricts the number of persons having access to the files dealing with these sources. For this reason, no authorization is sought from the Department for the operation of individual informants. ENCLOSURE 62 - I/G IIS z= \Q8 Y HW 55107 Docld:32989556 Page 19
MAIL COVERS The FBI's ''Manual of Rules and Regulations" (II-8-B-10) states that requests for mail covers must be held to an absolute minimum, being utilized only in important investigations and when it is anticipated that information of value will be obtained. This technique does not involve the opening of mail but merely the listing of external data on the outside of the envelope, such as postmarks and return addresses. Postal regulations stipulate that mail covers may be requested in fugitive or criminal cases in order to locate fugitives or to obtain evidence of a commission or attempted commission of a crime punishable by more than a year in prison. In recommending a mail cover in such a case, the field has been instructed to notify FBI Headquarters that, unless advised tthe contrary within 10 days, it intends to request a mail cover from the Postal Inspector in Charge of the local area. Such requests to the Postal Inspector must be in writing and specify reasonable grounds for the need of a mail cover, the statute and penalty involved, whether the subject has been indicted and, if so, the identity of his attorney (providing he has one and the identity is available). In fugitive cases, this same information must be supplied regarding the fugitives as well as the person to be covered. In fugitive and criminal cases, mail covers may be placed for 30 days’ duration and subsequently renewed for additional 30-day periods, up to a total of 120 days. Special Agents in Charge of field offices are responsible for regularly checking the productivity of mail covers being utilized by their offices. Departmental authority is not required for use of this investigative ALL INFORMATION. CONTAINED HEREIN Nit ssa? ENCLOSURE , ba- Moe 375- Pe technique. DoclId: 32989555 Page 270
ay - “« Lo eco AY aw 55107 Docld:32989558 Page 21 b c™ | od f ae AL oqo coMTANED iN (SP UPICLASSIFIES., DATED Be AMI? TRASH COVERS Because the subjects of security, as wellas criminal, cases often dispose of highly incriminating material in garbage recepticals, the recovery of this material by law enforcement agencies can be important from both investigative and evidentiary standpoints. On September 17, 1964--following a complaint in the press by the American Civil Liberties Union--the Bureau sent a radiogram to all offices instructing that the use of trash covers be discontinued immediately. From then until 1971, with the exception of one security case approved by Mr. Hoover in 1965, the FBI made no use of this investigative technique. Then, on July 27, 1971, a letter was sent to the Attorney General requesting general permission to use trash covers on a "selective and judicious" basis. By return letter, dated September 3, 1971, Assistant Attorney General Will Wilson, of the Criminal Division, replied that permission was granted to utilize these covers on the basis requested. There is no notification of the Department, however, regarding the operation of individual trash covers. The major issue raised with respect to the use of this investiga- tive technique hinges on the question of whether or not trash covers constitute unreasonable search and seizure. In 1963, the United States Supreme Court denied certiorari in a Federal gambling case (involving Internal Revenue Service agents) on the grounds that, by the time the agents had taken the defendant's trash containing incriminating gambling documents, it had been abandoned by the defendant. The taking of things abandoned was not deemed an unreasonable search and _ seizure. General guidelines drawn from this case (U S. v. Minker, 312 F2d 632, cert. den., 83S. Ct. 952) indicate that the trash in question must be outside the defendant's house and yard before it can be held to have been abandoned. In the case of a person living in a hotel or an apartment house, the general rule of law is that his constitutionally protected area does not extend beyond his room or apartment, although the safest course to follow is to wait until the trash has left the building. If the trash is that of a
i e @ company or organization which controls the entire building, it would not be abandoned until it had moved into the hands of the public trash collector or the private contract trash collector hired to haul it away. Other principal decisions upholding the legality of trash covers, if properly operated, are: Abelv. U. S., 362 U. S. 217 (1960); U. S. v. Stroble, 431 F2d 1273 (1970); and U. S. v. Dzialak, 441 F2d 212 (1971). It should be noted, however, that there is one discordant note in the trash cover situation. In a series of three decisions, the Supreme Court of California has outlawed the use of trash covers in that state: People v. Edwards, 71 Cal. 2d 1906 (1969); People v. Bradley, 1 Cal, 3d 80 (1970); and People v. Judith Krivda and Roger T. Miner, decided July 12, 1971. The last case was a 4-3 deciSion which held that a trash cover was illegal even when the officers had obtained the evidence from the trash collectors without trespassing on the subjects’ premises. AW 55107 Docld: 32989556 Page 22 ' ce
ALL INFoRMAT, HEREIN vase sINED pate It BORA Z PEN REGISTERS AND TOLL CALL RECORDS By way of background, “pen register’' is the generic title for a set of instruments known as dial-pulse recorders (when employed in connection with dial telephones) and touch-tone decoders (for use with push-button telephones). Unlike electronic surveillance installations, pen registers do not intercept conversations but merely record ona printout tape the various numbers called by the telephone in question. The connection between the telephone and the register is made either through a cable near the subject's place of opération or at the telephone company's central office. The printouts, in turn, are received on a machine located either in the local FBI field office or at some other space under Bureau contra. As investigative material, these tapes are invaluable in leading from one organized crime contact to another; as evidentiary material, they sometimes constitute part of the probable cause for obtaining Title TI coverage in certain cases. ‘ Inasmuch as pen registers do not involve the interception of communications, the Department of Justice has advised-in its "Manual for Conduct of Electronic Surveillance under Title III of Public Law 90-351" that court authorization for use of the registers should be sought under Rule 41 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure rather than Title IM. A Rule 41 order is analogous to a search warrant and may be issued by either a United States Magistrate or District Judge, whereas a Title III order can only be issued by a District Judge. With respect to the probable cause affidavits, those prepared in connection with a pen register request are not reviewed by the Department or FBI Headquarters personnel, unlike Title III affidavits which must be approved by the Attorney General before being presented to the court. In both instances, however, the affidavits are prepared after close consultation with the local United States Attorney or appropriate Strike Force representative. For practical purposes, it should be noted that, in a number of instances, the Federal judge issuing a Title If court order authorizing the interception of com- munications will also issue a separate Rule 41 order authorizing the utilization of a pen register. gnc 0SURB SO HW 35107 _Docld: 32989558 Page o3(7 2. -t Via — /S = 1234
HW 55107 6 P| Achieving somewhat the same purpose as the pen register-- that is, helping identify the recipients of telephone calls from the subject under investigation--is a review of toll calls maintained by the telephone company. No Departmental approval is necessary for the use of this technique, but the FBI's "Manual of Rules and Regulations" (II-8-B-1) states that, "Wherever possible, it is desirable that a subpoena be utilized. "' As a matter of fact, the American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T) Company and its affiliated members have adopted regulations requiring the production of a civil or criminal subpoena before making available toll records and will notify a subscriber within 24 hours of the receipt of the subpoena unless the Special Agent in Charge of the local FBI office certifies that such notification could prejudice an investigation. With respect to pen registers, it should be noted that some telephone companies, such as the Bell Telephone Company of Pennsylvania, have been ignoring Rule 41 orders for the production of printouts (except in Title II cases) on the grounds that the company may incur liabilities from which it is protected by the provisions of Title ITI. Docld: 3279895568 Page 24
i t P83 c , - yO, aa SFP:mjg oo min oT (8) ' af oT RECORDED. We UES 31 175 RETIREES sanmaememniags ara’, JsxcL0SUB n8 1976 Docld:32969558% Page 25 ® xX 1 -~ Mr. Je B. Adams 1 “ Me. Je A. Mintz ; : i~ Mr. W. R. Wanmnall Mr. W. R. Wannall 12/18/75 / L =~ Mr. BD. Ryan Ll ~ Mr, W. 0. Cregar J. G. Déagan l= Mr. S. F. Phillips vane, LUTHER KING, JR. — . ) Mr. Michael E. Shaheen, Jr., Special Counsel for 4 Intelligence Coordination, Office of the Deputy Attorney General, recently requested of § F. Phillips of INTD that he furnish to him a list of the reported 25 COINTELPRO-type activities the FBI y engaged in against Martin Luther King, Jr. He said that the . request for this list was channeled to him from the Attorney General through Mr. Philip White of the Criminal Division. We i. prepared a resumé paper on this subject matter (original attached) .. and on 12/18/75, Phillips personally delivered a copy to Shaheen, Tt should be noted that with little exception, all this material had previously been given to the Senate Select Committee on ‘> Intelligence Activities thumgh the Department and that the _ Department has practically all the rew material frozwhich the resume was prepared, ne RECOMMENDATION: Q None. For information and record purposes q a All INFORMATION CowTAED Fa EREIY 1S PNCLASSIF! DEW GO By-SA NYP B 160=106670- Enclosure | L}~ 62-116395 (Senstudy 75)
~ MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. ' The purpose of the below is to set forth a brief summary of actions carried out by the FBI to discredit and neutralize King. These actions include those taken in the i investigative file of King and those included in our "COINTELPRO" files. It is noted that in testimony before the Senate Intelligence Committee on 11/19/75, Mr. J. B. Adams of the FBI stated there were approximately 25 incidents of actions taken . } against King and that Mr. Schwarz of the Senate Select Committee .- (SSC) had those available. It is believed that the actions Mr. Adams referred to are included in the following: A. Mailing of a tape and anonymous letter to King (note that this incident was never established as an official FBI action) A copy of the letter which may have been used in mailing of the tape to King was discovered in the papers of former Assistant to the Director W. C. Sullivan when he left | the Bureau. This letter was made available to the SSC and the | Department by FBI memorandum dated 9/18/75, in response to SSC request dated 8/20/75, Part VII, Item léc. B. FBI plan to replace King with another black leader of our choice The only information available concerning this action was a memorandum by W. C. Sullivan which was furnished the SSC and Department by FBI memorandum 10/16/75 in response to SSC request dated 9/29/75, Item 19. C. Proposals under our COINTELPRO (previously reviewed by Dept.) D. Dissemination of information outside the Executive Branch of Government which could be considered efforts by the FBI to discredit or neutralize King H EREIN | NCLASSIF: E | bare tye SRLS BY SRAALKy ENCLOSURE ae/, 16295 j i | 3 | { t i } | ALL INFORMATION conTaryen | j j | { | $ _ HW 55107 Docld:32989558 Page 26 : . so ; oo, , & |
Information in this regard was furnished the SSC and ' Department in FBI memorandum dated 9/22/75, in response to SSC. request 7/8/75, Items 1 a and b. These items requested all materials relative to FBI contacts and dissemination of | information about King outside the Executive Branch. The material furnished the SSC and Department has been reviewed and the following were determined to be instances wherein efforts were undertaken to discredit or neutralize King: DATE RECIPLENT DESCRIPTION 1, 3/64 Father Edward J. O'Don- to prevent King from receiv- ‘ nell, Marquette Univer- ing honorary degree from sity Marquette University 2. 4/7/64 Sen. Saltonstall _ to prevent King from receiv- ing honorary degree from 4/8/64 Dr. Glen Olds, Spring- Springfield College . field College , 3. 6/12/64 Dr. Edwin Espy, National to discredit King with Council of Churches National Council of Churches 4, 7/27/64 Cong. Roman C. Pucinski info regarding King's | presence at! ‘communist train- ing school" | 5. 9/22/64 . Saturday Evening Post to “discourage publishing an | , article by King ‘ 6. 9/8/64 Cardinal Francis discourage. King's audience 7. 11/12/64 Chicago "Sun Times" to try to expose King's probable entertaining of | i Spellman with Pope | girls in his Chicago hotel i | room 8. 11/13/64 Friendly foreign intel- info on background of King . ligence agency and Bayard Rustin given to foreign government because . ‘ King planned to see Prime Minister en route to accept Nobel Prize { ies) ‘ “ ON ne mettre rredsretaremmgetnee emwenineninds Quuhiegaabyene caiman Seven tau eithnut aw tse ieee gi al ‘ aa | ; mm HW 55107 Docld:32989558 Page 27
10. 11. 13, 14, 15. 16. 17. 18. “HW 55107 Docld: 32989553, DATE 12/7/64 12/15/64 12/21/64 12/8/64 1/21/65 3/5/65 3/31/65 5/4/65 5/21/65. 7/6/65 Page, 28. RECIPIENT Officials of Baptist -World Alliance Dr. R.H.E. Espy, National Council of Churches National Science Foundation (NSF) Arthur Cornelius, New York State Police, who was to brief Gov. Rockefeller, New York Ralph McGill, Publisher, "Atlanta Constitution" Gov. John Volpe, Massachusetts Assist. to Cong. George W. Andrews Legislative assistant to Cong. John J. Gilligan UPT -~3- DESCRIPTION public source info to help to discourage King's appear- ance at Baptist convention to discredit King with clersy # and to remove King from his” social position # to discourage NSF from using | King's organization to recruit black students on scholarship- for NSF project : to discourage any donation by, Rockefeller to King urge nonattendance at banquet | in Atlanta honoring King influence Volpe against a "King Day" scheduled 4/23/65 in Boston serena cahtv ener meinen deleting 0) info re King's association with Hunter O'Dell, no other info provided LApeat nee eine weit a info regard photograph of King at"communist training school"! pers a ens UPI writer prepare article on King, Lee pattie behieten oe cele 8a info re CPUSA connections to discredit King because of his: stand on Vietnam Parca MAAN tir hed ub ape rde Aratoupiermdeds Ete iberasns
19, 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29, 30. , HW 355107 DATE 8/14/65 2/24/66 5/9/66 10/25, 26/66 11/6/66 11/7/66 1/11/67 "3/8/67 8/30/67 10/18/67 3/28/68 12/11/70 DocId: 32989558, . P RECIPIENT Speaker of the House John McCormick DESCRIPTION background info re King ‘ immorality and CPUSA connect = | . ions ; ' John P. Cody, Archbishop of Chicago Martin Sargent, Pastor, American Church, Paris, France John Bugas, VP, Ford - Motor Co. Friendly news media Friendly news media Speaker of the House McCormick ‘Friendly news media Friendly foreign intel- ligence agency Friendly news service Cooperative news media Jim Bishop, Author “ communist connections of Ring | outlined to lessen King’s ; influence in Chicago info to embarrass King who pac addressed church during Paris, visits seen en eehsentn prevent Ford Foundation money, to SCLC spore tet beepers yn > info criticized King for neutral stand on black power issue - discredit King with civil rights leaders info on King-Hoffa meeting ts} expose meeting and prevent teamster funds for King ae atetementnarbienemnen: Warr omnin eres 2 nen te info.that CPUSA member had urged King support election of Adam Powell eee ae! wettest list of questions to be used | in interview of King to cause him embarrassment a tema nema oh, to warn of King's CPUSA con- nections in advance of his lecture series in that countr: be bem wont hate to discourage attendance in Houston, Texas, of an SCLC fund raising event King unable to control his marchers in Memphis public source information P mpnerentn cand mete pete ORME RRNA bly See anasto A raEKTA Ler mmte toe tak a coo cy te ro
NS BE ~9-510-F .. E. Memoranda which specifically mention discrediting or neutralizing King: By request of 10/15/75, the SSC desired all materials and memoranda concerning FBI efforts to diseredit or neutralize King. A review of King and related files was conducted to identify memoranda which specifically used the terminology "discredit" or "neutralize." Results were furnished to the SSC and the Department by FBI memorandum dated 11/6/75. A summary of this memorandum is as follows. 1. Im Sume, 1966, Bureau authority was denied for Atlanta to conduct background investigation regarding Zernona Clayton, "Office. Hostess" at SCLC Headquarters, Atlanta, with view towards possible use of information developed to discredit Martin Luther Ring, dx, and/or SCLC. © 2 ne soe ee a - . 2. In December, 1965, Bureau received information indicating King allegedly had a numbered bank account in a Nassau bank. A bank officer ina position to have tnformation concerning this was approached with negative ‘results. No further attempt was made to develop information regarding a numbered — account. : Plt. tt . 27 Pew aes Tone - - 3. Proposal: in February, 1964, ‘that letter be written regarding King"s new book which would incorporate all communist influence upon him; for example, the counsel which Stanley David ‘Levison gave relative to the book. No indication this was accomplished, wee - meee cae F. The remaining instances regarding FBI efforts to discredit or neutralize King, as outlined below,. were obtained through a review of a work paper prepared in 1974 by former SAC. E. Glass. These items were apparent ly not previously furnished the SSC or Department. : : “te 1. On 1/15/64, an SA. of the Atlanta Office telephoned W. Cc. Sullivan and told him that Eugene Patterson, editor of the "Atlanta Constitution" newspaper, was a close personal friend-of. the Agent. The Agent and Patterson had theorized about men of DoclId: 32989556 Page 30 ot »
questionable character in public life and Patterson had said these people should be exposed. According to the Agent, no mention was made of King but the Agent thought that if the Bureau would in the future want to use Patterson and his paper as a friendly source it could do so securely. Mr. Sullivan told the Agent that this type of thing should be handled out of Head- quarters and the Agent should take no action without being advised, There is no record that anything was ever done as a result of this suggestion. However, "The New York Times" of 5/21/73 quoted Eugene Patterson as recalling that am FBI Agent attempted in the Spring of 1964 to have Patterson expose King's running around with women while posing as a moral leader. According to the article, Patterson said he refused to engage in this type of activity (serial 3949 and 100-3-116-784). « este Be madabieus thy ree Maver acne eetinin nn mn ewem 2. On 9/18/64, James Hagerty of ABC was briefed regarding the communist influences on King. The ABC was. planning a special TV shew on King. The results of this action are not known (serial 455). need slennuae On darked nines wish. ae Adee aseanth tee 3. On 2/11/71, a State Representative from Texas who had voted against a resolution memorializing King in the Texas State Legislature wrote to the Director requesting information to justify and substantiate his position in his efforts to maintain responsible Government. On 2/22/71, he was furnished a copy of the Congressional Record of 5/16/68 containing derogatory infor- mation regarding King and a copy of an article in "The Evening ‘Star" dated 6/19/69 concerning the initiation of a wiretap on King. This was public source material but furnishing it to this State. Representative was possibly outside the normal scope of. the Bureau's jurisdiction. However, no nonpublic information from our files was furnished to the State Representative nor was information regarding King's personal conduct (serial 3904). ee ee ston he waaes « vak amaniin Re It is noted that in addition to the above, a review of King and related files revealed that in numerous instances throughout our investigation of King, information was provided local law enforcement agencies. This action is not deemed as efforts to discredit or neutralize King, but merely as part of- our responsibilities, since at that time, demonstrations resulting in violence often occurred where King appeared. In most instances, these local agencies had requested the FBI to, furnish them advance information regarding King's travel plans and itinerary. Ao os inet Maar caund Ve renee dmpatntine thet heen ban ms! absehem 2s HW 55107 Docld:329899556 Page 31
1 ‘ It should also be pointed out that as a highly controversial figure,. King was widely loved arid hated. Many letters were received at FBIHQ, both from supporters and enemies of King, asking for information to verify or disprove rumors and reports concerning him. Many furnished information containing allegations of communist influence on King. The only information furnished by the FBI in response to these inquiries was verifica- tlon that Mr. Hoover did call King the most notorious liar in the country because of his gross distortion of the facts concerning our handling of civil rights investigations in the South. We refused to substantiate information about King's communist connections, HW 55107 Docld:32989556 Page 32 ps shear neree emeetene At hae mts naer nas ats na tae hearts mck ba meee tinh Arereden abies saat ober ee eT ee en eee