104-10332-10013 Lor CSI-0307/93 22 June 1993 MEMORANDUM FOR: Deputy Director for Operations FROM: David D. Gries Director, Center for the Study of Intelligence SUBJECT: ' JFK Assassination Records; Release of William Pawley's Name We continue to believe that the Agency cannot justify withholding the fact of William Pawley's relationship with CIA, in view of the public record. I ask that you personally read the attached brief items, which clearly reveal a relationship. Two of the items are from official documents-~one from General, Maxwell Taylor's Board of Inquiry, the other from the record of the House Assassination Committee. The other contains quotes of Pawley's own statements, which are included in a book by well- known authors. David D. Gries Attachments: 7 A. Investigation of Assassination B. First Meeting Cc. Deadly Secrets
SUBJECT: JFK Assassination Records; Release of William Pawley's Name DCI/CSI/HRG/JFPereira:hfs/x30335 (22 Jun 93) Distribution: Original - Addressee 1 - D/CSI 1 - C/HRG 1 -- HRG files
“INVESTIGATION OF. THE ASSASSINATION ” ~ OF PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY ~ APPENDIX TO. ce - SELECT, counter & ON ASSsSNATONS the U8. HOUSE: OF REPRESENTATIVES: a SO sis cele VORGRESS |. : a » a or y SECOND, SESSION . ee on a tS . . Nc +. Yee. * a ee $ . VOLUME x. ak , ANTI-CASTRO ACTIVITIRS AND ORGANIZATIONS - Ten ee TE “LEE HARVEY OSWALD IN. NEW ORLRANR Of "5 hn. tag TO 9 ep tare:
13-00000 83 Government until the end of 1966,(45) the group’s activities, like- those of other anti-Castro organizations, declined in intensity and eifectiveness. .. ooo (297) Because the DRE was an extremely militant “action” group,. the committce was especially interested in DRE operations prior to the assassination of President Kennedy on November 22, 1903. (298) As noted, one of the effects of the Blanquita raid in September 1962, was to garner the DRE a blast of national publicity, which, in turn, gave the leaders of the group the opportunity to solicit additional funding from wealthy individuals who were sympathetic to their anti- Castro cause.(46) Among those who wound up supporting the DRE was Miami multimillionaire: William Pawley, a staunch rightwing: conservative. former owner of the Havana bus system, and a friend of former CIA Director Allen Dulles.(47) Another supporter of the DRE was a friend of Pawley’s, former Ambassador to Italy Clare: Roothe Luce,(48) then the wife of Time-Life publishing boss Henry Tuec, and later, a Nixon appointee to the Foreign Intelligence Advisory Loard, (299) In its review of DRE activities, the committee took special interest in a relatively recent series of events involving Clare Boothe Tee. In October 1975. Luce was being interviewed by Vera Glaser, a reporter and columnist for Knight. newspapers. when she told Glaser of an alleged incident involving members of the DRE and Lee Tlarvey Oswald.(49) At the time. Senator Riehard Sehweiker and Senator Garv Hart. were in the midst. of their subcommitice investigation of the Kennedy assassination as part of the Senate select. committee inquiry into intelligence activity. 300) According to Glaser’s report of the interview, this is basically what. Luce told her: (301) Tee said that after the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion. her friend, Wiliam Pawley, persuaded her to help sponsor a fleet of motorhoats for a group of anti-Castro Cubans who. Pawlev envisioned. would be Cuban “Flying Tigers.” flying in and out of Cuba on intelli- geonce-gathering missions. Pawlev had helped start Gen. Claire Chen- nault’s original Flying Tigers in World War TT. Taice said she agreed to sponsor one boat and its three-man crew. She said she met with this Cithan boat. erew about three times in New York and. in 1962, pub- lished a story about them in Life magazine. (40) (208) Following the missile crisis in Qctoher 1968, Luce said that the Kennedy administration clamped down on exile activities against ‘Cuba. and the Pawley-sponsored boat raids were discontinued, Liee said she never saw her “voung Cubans.” as she called them, again. (4/) 502) Then. on the night. of Kennedy's assassination. Taree said she received a call from New Orleans from one of the baat crew Cubans, Taice told Glaser she would call him Julio Fernandez. She said the Cuban told her he called becanse he wanted to tell hor about some in- formation he had concerning the President's killer, Lee Harvey Os- wald (42) (204) Lace told Glaser that, according to “Julio Fernandez,” Oswald had anpranched the anti-Castro group to which Fernandez helonged cand offered his serviers as a potential Castro assassin. The Cubans. however. did not trust Oswald. suspected he was really a Communist,
13-00000 , foscone The CIA-Mafia War Against Castro and the Assassination of J.F.K. WARREN HINCKLE WILLIAM W. TURNER ‘NEE Thunder’s Mouth Press 7 ‘ og oa ca ae ete : Br: 2's": betne a pik) < Eitan ter, eetepnr secesnaeengrter
13-00000 44 DEADLY SECRETS the Talisman Sugar Corporation. In addition, he was a real estate de. veloper and, of course, a millionaire many times over. (He was also aman of rather extreme political views. In a publication of the arch- conservative American Security Council, former Ambassador Pawley once advocated unleashing Chinese Nationalist troops from Taiwan to run the reds out of Vietnam —and then letting them go og on to an invasion of the Chinese mainland.) In 1954 Ike formed the Doolittle Committee to forestall a con- gressional inquiry into CIA covert actions and named Pawley one. |<: of the four members. The panel was chaired by General Jimmy Doolittle, like Pawley a famed World War II aviation figure. The Doolittle Report said the United States had.to abandon its tradi- tional concepts of fair play in the face of an “implacable enemy” and “learn to subvert, sabotage and destroy our enemies by more clever, more sophisticated, and more effective methods than those used against us.” The American people, the report said, might have to be acquainted with “this fundamentally repugnant philosophy.”, Ike bought the Doolittle Report. He issued a follow-up Nate nal Security directive seeking the destruction of “international ‘com- munism” and authorizing “all compatible activities” to-achieve that goal. The Cuba Project was to stretch the definition of compatible. “I had several conferences with the President,” Ambassador Pawley said, “and finally he was convinced that the anticommunist Cubans in Florida should be armed and given every. assistance to overthrow the communist regime.” This was, of course, in direct violation of the Neutrality Act, and the Munitions Act to boot. The old Flying Tiger made a pitch to take over command of the project _ himself: his argument was the highly selective one that the CIA was primarily an intelligence-gathering outfit and should not be simul- taneously in charge of operations. “Eisenhower wanted me to as- sume overall command of the operation, with veto power over the CIA,” Pawley told the authors. “But Allen Dulles, joined by Chris- tian Herter who was easily led, prevailed, and it became a CIA operation.”* On Saint Patrick’s Day the red hot line phone rang on Dulles’s desk. It was the President, giving him the green light and promising to issue a blanket National Security directive so that operations did
13-00000 ww, } sDOLY SECRETS -vernment; Batista told the founder of = flying leap. Pawley told the authors * milar, heretofore undisclosed, two. with Trujillo a short time before the ssinated in a CIA-backed plot. This @ t, ‘ $ -. He diplomatically suggested that? overtook him; Trujillo said a furious ja this visit to Trujillo was a Miami ac~ who later was to become famous as Pawley however was leery of the ut he agreed to see Bayo and his . : on. well. Pawley asked tough questions ¢ wanted details, for instance, of the | Oriente, where the Russians were * rom his days as a youth in Guan- ~ ‘ answers indicating that they were, ad told him it was a high-risk oper- scuss with Lieutenant General Pat Ifhe decided to go ahead, he would w the Cubans’ small boat to the appointment for Eastland to see “arrange for me to bring my boat ind without having to go through ve be successful in bringing out the etter judgment and decided to go 'roject’s “great importance to the me when he took a look at Bayo’s ibed it. Out of his own pocket he (boat and two large rubber rafts. I consulted Carter,” Pawley said, »me involved, that the CIA could he would try to fulfill my request ” rmaments expert, a good naviga~ The three who reported for duty THE SECRET OF THE BROTHERS KENNEDY 193 were the ever-ready Rip Robertson and paramilitaries known only ‘gs Ken and Mike. “I had an excellent radio on board,” Pawley re- counted. “But I wanted to be in constant touch with the CIA office ' in Miami or with the Coast Guard, which could rescue us if any- thing happened.” William Pawley fumed as John Martino and Eddie Bayo stood shamefully before him the day before the scheduled departure. “They told me they had accepted $15,000 from Life magazine,” Pawley said, “with which they had bought the military equipment that they needed for the voyage and that Life was to send along a reporter and a photographer. As far as I was concerned, ‘that blew the deal. I couldn’t conceive of the U.S. government letting me go ahead under those circumstances.” ‘ Dick Billings appealed to Pawley, who finally agreed to speak to Life managing editor George P. Hunt. Hunt flew down from New York. He promised that all film would be turned over to Pawley, and Life would guarantee that no story would be written without his consent. The promise was put in writing. Pawley called Senator Eastland and informed him of Life’s proposal. Eastland thought i it was all right to go ahead.“? The Flying Tiger left on schedule with Billings and the three CIA men on board. Three days later, only hours before the Flying Tiger was due at the rendezvous point, Pawley took off in a Catalina PBY flying boat chartered from the Aircraft Ferry Company of Fort Lauderdale, which frequently rented planes to the CIA. Also on board was British free-lance photographer Terrence Spencer, who had been hired by Life, as well as Martino and Bayo and nine of his commandos. The only reason Pawley had rented the plane was his strong distrust of the Cubans, who he feared might hijack the Flying Tiger to Cuba. “I frisked every one of those guys as they got on board,” Pawley said. “At this point I had no assurance of any kind what type of men I was dealing with— whether they were anti-’ : _ Castro or pro-Castro.” While the plane was in the air, all the pas- sengers were locked into a center compartment. When the Catalina arrived at the atoll, however, the Flying Tiger wasn’t there. She arrived seven hours later—the CIA navigator had lost his bearings in the murky weather. Pawley unlocked his state-
13-00000 FIRST MEETING Memorandum for the Record Subject: Time and Place: Participants: ~) s i u ¥ \ First Meeting of General Maxwell Taylor’s Board of Inquiry on Cuban Operations Conducted by CIA 1400-1800 hours, 22 April 1961, Quarters Eye Investigating Committee Members General Maxwell D. Taylor. Attorney General Robert Kennedy Admiral Arleigh Burke Allen W. Dulles Department of Defense Major General David W. Gray Colonel C. W. Shuler Commander Mitchell Other Participants General C. P. Cabell C. Tracy Barnes Richard M. Bissell, Jr. [ ] [ ] 34 First Meeting 55 1. After a discussion of procedural matters, it was de- cided that all papers and documents stemming from the in- quiry would be retained by General Maxwell Taylor. [ ] Chief, Western Hemisphere Division, was des- ignated recorder of the first meeting. 2. Mr. Dilles, in his opening remarks, cited the docu- ment which authorized CIA to conduct paramilitary opera- tions. This document, NSC 5412, was described as one of the most secret documents in the U.S. Government. Mr. Dulles said that under this authority CIA is directed to engage in activities such as the Cuban operation under the general. supervision of the National Security Council. General Taylor indicated that he wanted a copy of this document to be made available to him for his study. General Gray indicated he hada copy and would give it to General Taylor. 3.E ] was then asked to describe Agency activities on the Cuban problem prior to the establishment of the Task Force, i.e., Branch 4 of the Western Hemisphere Division on 18 January 1960. In his remarks [ ]. stated that in late 1958 CIA made two attempts (each approved by the Department of State) to block Castro’s ascension to power. The first attempt was made in November 1958 when contact was established with Justo Carrillo and the Montecristi Group. The second attempt was made on or about the 9th of December 1958 when former Ambassador William D. Pawley, supported by the CIA Chief of Station in Havana, [ ], and [ ], ap- proached Batista and proposed the establishment of a Junta to whom Batista would turn over the reins of government. [ ] was queried by the Attorney General as to the approximate date that the Agency concluded that Castro was ~ unacceptable to the U.S. politically, if not actually a Commu- © nist, and when this conclusion reached the Secretary of State and the President. [ ]commented that there were reports as early as June or July 1958 during the period that sailors from Guantanamo were held by Castro forces which indicated beyond a reasonable doubt that the U.S. was up © against an individual who could not be expected to be accepta-
13-00000 44 DEapiy SECRETS the Talisman Sugar Corporation. In addition, he was areal estate de- veloper and, of course, a millionaire many times over. (He was also a man of rather extreme political views. In a publication of the arch- conservative American Security Council, former Ambassador Pawley once advocated unleashing Chinese Nationalist troops from Taiwan to run the reds out of Vietnam—and then letting them go <# ' on to an invasion of the Chinese mainland.) In 1954 Ike formed the Doolittle Committee to forestall a con. gressional inquiry into CIA covert actions and named Pawley one- of the four members. The panel was chaired by General Jimmy Doolittle, like Pawley a famed World War II aviation figure. The Doolittle Report said the United States had to abandon its tradi- tional concepts of fair play in the face of an “implacable enemy” and “learn to subvert, sabotage and destroy our enemies by more clever, more sophisticated, and more effective methods than those used against us.” The American people, the report said, might have to be acquainted with “this fundamentally repugnant philosophy.”, Ike bought the Doolittle Report. He issued a follow-up NB onal Security directive seeking the destruction of. “international ' ‘com- munism” and authorizing “all compatible activities” to-achieve that. goal. The Cuba Project was to stretch the definition of} compatible. “I had several conferences with the President,” Ambassador Pawley said, “and finally he was convinced that the anticommunist Cubans in Florida should be armed and given every assistance to overthrow the communist regime.” This was, of course, in direct violation of the Neutrality Act, and the Munitions Act to boot. The old Flying Tiger made a pitch to take over command of the project himself; his argument was the highly selective one that the CIA was primarily an intelligence-gathering outfit and should not be simul- taneously in charge of operations. “Eisenhower wanted me to as- sume overall command of the operation, with veto power over the CIA,” Pawley told the authors. “But Allen Dulles, joined by Chris- tian Herter who was easily led, prevailed, and it became a CIA . operation.”*° On Saint Patrick’s Day the red hot line phone rang on Dulles’s desk. It was the President, giving him the green light and promising to issue a blanket National Security directive so that operations did
13-00000 of ® eS yo: OLY SECRETS vernment; Batista told the founder of flying leap. Pawley told the authors nilar, heretofore undisclosed, two with Trujillo a short time before the sinated in a CIA-backed plot. This : - He diplomatically suggested that © overtook him; Trujillo said a furious ce his visit to Trujillo was a Miami ace = who later was to become famous as os Pawley however was leery of the * at he agreed to see Bayo and his . Rh. well. Pawley asked tough questions: = wanted details, for instance, of the Oriente, where the Russians were ‘om his days as a youth in Guan- ~? answers indicating that they were, id told him it was a high-risk oper- icuss with Lieutenant General Pat If he decided to go ahead, he would w the Cubans’ small boat to the appointment for Eastland to see “arrange for me to bring my boat nd without having to go through ve be successful in bringing out the etter judgment and decided to go roject’s “great importance to the ne when he took a look at Bayo’s bed it. Out of his own pocket he boat and two large rubber rafts. - consulted Carter,” Pawley said, “ me involved, that the CIA could 1¢ would try to fulfill my request ° tmaments expert, a good naviga- “he three who reported for duty THe SECRET OF THE BROTHERS KENNEDY 193 were the ever-ready Rip Robertson and paramilitaries known only _ as Ken and Mike. “I had an excellent radio‘on board,” Pawley re- counted. “But I wanted to be in constant touch with the CIA office in Miami or with the Coast Guard, which could rescue us if any- thing happened.” William Pawley fumed as John Martino and Eddie Bayo stood shamefully before him the day before the scheduled departure. “They told me they had accepted $15,000 from Life magazine,” Pawley said, “with which they had bought the military equipment that they needed for the voyage and that Life.was to send along a reporter and a photographer. As far as I was concerned, that blew the deal. I couldn’t conceive of the U.S. government letting me go ahead under those circumstances.” . Dick Billings appealed to.Pawley, who finally agreed to speak to Life managing editor George P. Hunt. Hunt flew down from New York. He promised that all film would be turned over to Pawley, and Life would guarantee that no story would be written without "his consent. The promise was put in writing. Pawley called Senator Eastland and informed him of Life’s proposal. Eastland thought it was all right to go ahead.*! The Flying Tiger left on schedule with Billings and the three CIA men on board. Three days later, only hours before the Flying Tiger was due at the rendezvous point, Pawley took off in a Catalina PBY flying boat chartered from the Aircraft Ferry Company of Fort Lauderdale, which frequently rented planes to the CIA. Also on board was British free-lance photographer Terrence Spencer, who had been hired by Life, as well as Martino and Bayo and nine of his commandos. The only reason Pawley had rented the plane was his strong distrust of the Cubans, who he feared might hijack the Flying Tiger to Cuba. “I frisked every one of those guys as they got on board,” Pawley said. “At this point I had no assurance of any kind what type of men I was dealing with—whether they were anti- : | Castro or pro-Castro.” While the plane was in the air, all the pas- sengers were locked into a center compartment. When the Catalina arrived at the atoll, however, the Flying Tiger wasn’t there. She arrived seven hours later —the CIA navigator had lost his bearings in the murky weather. Pawley unlocked his state-_
13-00000 FIRST MEETING Memorandum for the Record Subject: Time and Place: Participants: First Meeting of General Maxwell Taylor’s Board of Inquiry on Cuban ‘Operations Conducted by CIA 1400-1800 hours, 22 April 1961, Quarters Eye Investigating Committee Members General Maxwell D. Taylor Attorney General Robert Kennedy Admiral Arleigh Burke Allen W. Dulles © Department of Defense Major General David W. Gray Colonel C. W. Shuler Commander Mitchell Other Participants General C. P. Cabell C. Tracy Barnes Richard M. Bissell, Jr. [ ] [ ] 54 First Meeting 55 1. After a discussion of procedural matters, it was de- cided that all papers and documents stemming from the in- quiry would be retained by General Maxwell Taylor. [ ] Chief, Western Hemisphere Division, was des- ignated recorder of the first meeting. . 2. Mr. Dulles, in his opening remarks, cited the docu- ment which authorized CIA to conduct paramilitary opera- tions. This document, NSC 5412, was described as one of the most secret documents in the U.S. Government. Mr. Dulles said that under this authority CIA is directed to engage in activities such as the Cuban operation under the general supervision of the National Security Council. General Taylor indicated that he wanted a copy of this document.to be made available to him for his study. General Gray indicated he hada copy and would give it to General Taylor. 3. [ ] was then asked to describe Agency activities on the Cuban problem prior to the establishment of the Task Force, i.e., Branch 4 of the Western Hemisphere Division on 18 January 1960. In his remarks [ ]. stated that in late 1958 CIA made two attempts (each approved by the Department of State) to block Castro’s ascension to power. The first attempt was made in November 1958 when contact was established with Justo Carrillo and the Montecristi Group. The second attempt was made'on or about the 9th of December 1958 when former Ambassador William D. Pawley, supported by the CIA Chief of Station in Havana, [ ], and [ ], ap- proached Batista and proposed the establishment of a Junta to whom Batista would turn over the reins of government. [ ] was queried by the Attorney General as to the approximate date that the Agency concluded that Castro was unacceptable to the U.S. politically, if not actually a Commu- nist, and when this conclusion reached the Secretary of State and the President. [ _' ]commented that there were reports as early as June or July 1958 during the period that sailors from Guantanamo were held by Castro forces which indicated beyond a reasonable doubt that the U.S. was up against an individual who could not be expected to be accepta-
13-00000 0 D D 0 wv OFFICE OF THE “++ DEPUTY DIRECTOR FOR OPERATIONS.“ + 15 June 1993 NOTE FOR: David Gries Director Center for the Study of Intelligence FROM: - John Berg. Special Assistant/ADDO SUBJECT: JFK Assassination Records See attached memo dated 7 April 1993 by which DDO noted that we do not concur in the release of information on Pawley's relationship with the CIA. We contimue to have an obligation, even to persons deceased, to protect sources and methods. One possible course of action might be for someone to contact Pawley's family (who are apparently witting of his relationship) and discuss with them their views on the release of information about his relationship with us. If they do not raise any objections, this office would be willing to reconsider our decision. — Attachment
13-00000 | , CIA SPECIAL C@LLECTIONS RELESAT IN FULL CSI 0306/93 9 June 1993 MEMORANDUM FOR: Deputy Director for Operations FROM: David D. Gries Director Center for the Study of Intelligence SUBJECT: JFK Assassination Records; Release of William Pawley's Name 1. Based on our review of JFK assassination records, we have concluded that the Agency cannot justify withholding the fact of William Pawley's relationship with CIA. We request your agreement to release documents that acknowledge the relationship. Information that reveals sensitive sources and methods would be protected. 2. William Pawley was an unpaid asset of CIA in the early 1960s, who assisted us in activities targeted against Cuba. It is a matter of public record that he was heavily involved in anti-Castro activities, and that he was in contact wih DCI Allen Dulles and other senior CIA officials. | Pawley publicly acknowledged his CIA connections. Clair Boothe Luce told Congress that Pawley persuaded her to help fund boats to be used in raids against Cuba by anti- Castro Cubans. , 3. There are at least three books and numerous newspaper and magazine articles that describe in detail Pawley's contact with CIA and his involvement in covert action against Castro. The published record of the House Special Committee on Assassinations describes Pawley as a supporter of the DRE (an anti-Castro organization), and a friend of CIA Director Dulles. 4. In one book, Pawley describes his arrangement with the DDCI, General Carter, for obtaining assistance from CIA to launch an operation into Cuba. He is quoted as saying he wanted to be "in constant touch with the CIA office in Miami." The record shows that his family was aware of his involvement with. CIA. CL BY 0185904 DECL OADR DR FR HUM 4-82
13-00000 co Som SUBJECT: JFK Assassination Records; | Release of William Pawley's Name §. The JFK Assassination Records Act provides that information cannot be withheld unless disclosure would demonstrably harm national security. There has to be clear and convincing evidence that disclosure would be so harmful that it outweighs the public interest. It is not sufficient to use the mosaic rationale, nor a general concern about the possible effect on. potential assets. 6. The numerous deletions of information and withdrawal cards in the files on Pawley that will be released, which comprise a full box, in themselves reveal a - covert relationship.. 7. %In view of the standards established by the JFK Act with respect to disclosure of records, it is our judgement that there is no justification for withholding the fact that. Pawley was a contact of, and collaborated with, CIA in anti- Castro activities. David D. G¥ies
13-00000 . , st sore SUBJECT: JFK Asassination Records; Release of William Pawley's Name DCI/CSI/HRG/JFPereira:hfs/x30335 (7 Jun 93) Distribution: Original - Addressee 1 - D/CSI 1 - D/HRG 1 - HRG file
ae - SURIECT Opera ; * oo el _ JFK ASSASSINATION F RECORDS; RELEASE OF WILLIAM PAWLEY’ $ NAME _ | row Levi D.. Gries. a , ee - Director, “Center for the study of Intatigence ee oe 433. Ames: Bidg. i: yr TO (Oe dito, om, eo bling)“ | INITIALS. te whom. ‘Draw. a fine across. + colurnn after: each ¢ comment.) : . 11. po Registry 722 OHB A na uSEPREIOUS ae ease 482 610 comons | - a
US-OF¥ | one . Ss pee. ; _ . ‘ | poo 23 -(0 FL CIA SPECIAL\(OLLECTIONS RELEA Y FULL © 07 April 1993 3000 MEMORANDUM FOR: Deputy Director for Operations VIA: DC/Information Management Staff FROM: | Katherine M. Stricker, DO/IRO SUBJECT: Operational Status of William D. Pawley in JFK Collection 1. BACKGROUND: William D. Pawley (201-0077378) born 1893, millionaire, diplomat, international businessman, adventurer was an unpaid asset of the CIA in the early 1960's primarily targeted ‘against Cuba. He had ready access to the emigre circles in Florida, his own reasons for anti-Castro activity and a strong streak of patriotism. His activities on our behalf range from conversations/consultations with Allen Dulles in his DCI's office, to purchasing a boat with Clare Booth Luce to be used in a sabotage raid against Cuba. He provided operational ~- information to us, funded emigres who were somewhat under our control and had the ear of high level politicians in Washington. He was a force to be reckoned with and maintained a high profile throughout his activities, including bragging/alluding to his connection with the CIA. The details of his cooperation with us have never been acknowledged and, repeatedly since his death,. we have continued to conceal the fact of our relationship with him. 2. ISSUE: Files on Pawley which fill one archive-sized box are within the JFK Collection being considered for release to the National Archives under the JFK Act of 1992. a. The initial review by the Historical Review Group (HRG) recommends release of virtually all of the contents of the box (less some cryptonyms and names of covert officers) in light of the semi~-overt nature of Pawley's relationship to the Agency and the common perception that he was a CIA agent. CL By \0199835.\ DECL OADR DRV HUM 4-82
13-00000 @e e * SUBJECT: Operational Status of William Pawley in JFK Collection b. The DO position is that each document be reviewed and those which specifically pertain to his CIA affiliation be withheld i.e. POA requests, other clearance documents, taskings, meetings with our officers and information which he reported. . While Pawley is now dead, his heirs and colleagues could well be negatively affected by any disclosure of his CIA relationship. A larger concern is the chilling effect such a revelation would _have on other assets, current and future, who would be repelled by CIA's admission of a clandestine relationship post mortem. 3. RECOMMENDATION: Appeal the decision of the HRG‘s initial review to release information on Pawley and request that the releases involving Pawley be confined to his role as an historical/political figure which should not reveal his Agency affiliation. 7 B yeh i AGREE WITH RECOMMENDATION: eo a CONCUR WITH HRG'S INITIAL POSITION:
13-00000 CIA SPECIAL COLLECTIONS=” RELEASE IN FULL 2000 26 April 1993 NOTE FOR: Frank Most SUBJECT: William Pawley/Appeal On 23 April, Dave Gries agreed to challenge the DO's appeal on William Pawley. To do this he asks that HRG do the following: 1. Prepare a memo that he can send to Twetten. -- Develop our argument in the memo, to include the point that we are following the JFK law. -~- Combine the comments from the various books into one paragraph. -- Add Bill's point that the box (or boxes) will have a lot of withdrawal cards, indicating a relationship existed. 2. Attach to the memo other evidence if we have it e.g., any photo of Pawley with Dulles, congressional testimony, etc. 3. Check the PRB again to see if any acknowledgement of Pawley's relationship was ever made. John P.
MEMORANDUM FOR: Director - sponere 22 April 1993 Center for the Study of Intelligence FROM: John F. Pereira Chief, Historical Review ‘Group/CSsI SUBJECT: JFK Record/Appeal by DO of HRG Decision/ William Pawley 1. Attached is a memorandum approved by the DDO which appeals HRG's decision to release information in the JFK records related to William Pawley's association with CIA. 2. We make the following points to support HRG's position: a. William Pawley was a well-known, wealthy businessman and former ambassador who was openly anti- Castro. He publicly acknowledged his CIA connections. b. He is described in press ‘items and the Congressional record as a friend of DCI Allen Dulles. He openly sponsored raids by anti-Castro- Cubans into Cuba. c. Former Ambassador Claire Booth Luce told Congress that Pawley persuaded her to help fund boats to be used in raids against Cuba by anti-Castro Cubans. d. In the book, Conspiracy by Anthony Summers and in other literature, there are descriptions of a well- publicized joint operation by CIA and Pawley to capture two Russian military officers from a Cuban missile site in 1963. e It is also noted that Pawley had a hand in the CIA operation in Guatemala in 1954. UNCLASSIFIED WHEN SEPARATED FROM ATTACHMENT
13-09000 , SUBJECT: JFK Record/Appealed by DO of HRG Decision/ William Pawley - e. In the book, Bay of Pigs by Peter Wyden, it is stated that J. C. King, Chief DO/WH had plotted with Pawley in 1958 to head off Castro's coming to power. ® The book discusses: Pawley's talks with “President Eisenhower which focused on Pawley's attempt to be named to command a project to overthrow Castro. , e Pawley is described as having undertaken missions to Cuba and to the Dominican Republic at CIA's request. ® Pawley is noted as having discussions with DDCI General Carter about getting CIA assistance for an anti-Castro operation. Pawley.is quoted as saying he wanted to be in constant touch with the CIA station in Miami during the operation. f£. There are numerous other references in open sources to Pawley's contacts with Allen Dulles, J. C. King, and CIA in general. . g. The record shows his family was aware of his involvement with CIA. h. Pawley is dead. 3. Conclusion: Pawley was.a prominent, wealthy - American, publicly known for involvement in anti-Castro activities and as a contact of the CIA. We do not believe disclosure of his relationship with the Agency would demonstrably damage the National security of the United States. Ca John F. Pereira Attachment
13-00000 Bag spor SUBJECT: JFK Record/Appeal by DO of HRG Decision/ William Pawley DCI/CSI/HRG/JFPereira:hfs/30335 (22 Apr 93) Distribution: Original - Addressee 1 - Frank M. , 1 - C/HRG 1 - File (13.0)
13-0Q0Q0 , | . " "CIA SPECIAK © Ci sctions. INFULL DD/O 25-104 . 07 April 1993 MEMORANDUM FOR: Deputy Director for Operations _ VIA: DC/Information Management Staff FROM: Katherine M. Stricker, DO/IRO SUBJECT: Operational Status of William D. Pawley in JFK 7 Collection & 1. BACKGROUND: William D. Pawley (201-0077378) born 1893, - Millionaire, diplomat, international businessman, adventurer was an unpaid asset of the CIA in the early 1960's primarily targeted ‘against Cuba. He had ready access to the emigre circles in Florida, his own reasons for anti-Castro.activity and a strong streak of patriotism.. His activities on our behalf range from conversations/consultations with Allen Dulles in his DCI's office, to purchasing a boat with Clare Booth Luce to be used in a sabotage raid against Cuba. He provided operational - information to us, funded emigres who were somewhat under our control and had the ear of high level politicians in Washington. He was a force to be reckoned with and maintained a high profile throughout his activities, including bragging/alluding to his connection with the CIA. The details of his cooperation with us have never been acknowledged and, repeatedly since his death, we have continued to conceal the fact of our relationship with hin. 2. ISSUE: Files on Pawley which fill one archive-sized box are within the JFK Collection being considered for release to the National Archives under the JFK Act of 1992. a. The initial review by the Historical Review Group (HRG) recommends release of virtually all of the contents of the box (less some cryptonyms and names of covert officers) in light of the semi-overt nature of Pawley's relationship to the Agency and the common perception that he was a CIA agent. cL By (0199835‘) DECL OADR DRV HUM 4-82
SUBJECT: Operational Status of William Pawley in JFK Collection b. The DO position is that each document be reviewed and those which specifically pertain to his CIA affiliation be withheld i.e. POA requests, other clearance documents, taskings, meetings with our officers and information which he reported. While Pawley is now dead, his heirs and colleagues could well be negatively affected by any disclosure of his CIA relationship. A larger concern is the chilling effect such a revelation would have on other assets, current and future, who would be repelled by CIA's admission of a clandestine relationship post mortem. ‘ — 3. RECOMMENDATION: Appeal the decision of the HRG‘s initial review to release information on Pawley and request that the releases involving Pawley be confined to his role as an historical/political figure which should not reveal his Agency affiliation. roa Pa) < AGREE WITH RECOMMENDATION: = \ CONCUR WITH HRG'S INITIAL POSITION: eRe Crierine Tit. ocricreer
13-00000 ,. A Binder of materials related to the Bayo-Pawley/ Operation Red Cross. a. a copy of "The Bayo-Pawley Affair: A Plot to Destroy JFK and Invade Cuba," by Miguel Acoca & Robert K. Brown. (Published in Soldier of Fortune, 1975) b. sanitized copies of the Ops plans - the cables, call signs, etc. Cc. post-op assessment d. name traces NOTES Summary: William D. Pawley, prominent and wealthy ex-govt official (high) financed a mission of anti-Castro Cubans who wished to exfiltrate 4 Soviet missile officers from Cuba in June 1963. He bankrolled it, sailed. the Cubans out in his yacht (Flying Tiger II), and CIA provided weapons, air support, and naval support. The Cubans landed on the island and never returned. CIA after action assessment: “OP participants had no Soviet contacts but they parlayed notional Sov contacts into sharp con game designed to attract Angel (Pawley etc) who could facilitate their exit from US as well as give them some arms equipment. Apparently this whole episode has been kept rather quiet, and in the past the DO has denied any relationship with Pawley. A sanitized version of the Ops report was prepared for House staffers to read, but they were not allowed to take notes or possess a copy. Also, a check of Sylvia Meagher's index does not reveal the names of any of the Cubans denied. For these reasons, with the additional fact that the episode has no direct bearing on the JFK assassination, I recommend that we deny in toto the folder, and protect the names of the parties involved. CIA SPECIAL COLLECTIONS RELEASE EIN FULL 2000
13-00000 - 201-294665 Eduardo Perez/ Eddie 201-298397. Ernesto Duenas Aircraft Ferry Co, Inc released in SOF Alpha 66 group Bandin, Carlos Cabezas, Rolando Canton, Luis Cantin, Luis Luis Mario Cantin de Nacimiento, Castillo Cabrera, Angel Luis Commando L the Russian freigher ‘Baku', led Questa CRC invasion? DRE group, funded by CIA Duenas, Ernesto Cross Fiorini, Frank ‘“Furg, Frank Flying Tiger II Operation Red Cross. FORDC commanded by Mario Fontela, "Francisco" Red Cross Garcia, Victor Cross. Bayo cover co for CIA, militant Cuban exile dissident faction of MRR Cuban, MRR member see Cantin aka Luis Mario Cantin, part of Op Red Cross part of Op Red Cross exile group that sunk by Eddy Baez and Tony anti Castro student part of Operation Red aka Frank Furg aka Fiorini Pawley's yacht, used in anti Castro group funded by CIA Cuban, part of Operation Cuban, part of Red Garcia, who remained in cuba, wrote a letter to Venegas in Miami stating that Bayo lost Vacuero and Rodriguez in a firefight and needed more men. Martino came to the US embassy and requested a second op. Hunt, George P. Was part of Operation
13-000)0 Red Cross. a Jiminez,,.Luis | - Cuban, part of Operation Red Cross Lomolu, Rene part of Operation Red Cross Martinez, Rolando part of Operation Red Cross Martino, John a minor Mafia character who worked as a roulette wheel repair man. He brokered the Red Cross Op. . Mir, Alfredo part of Opearation Red Cross Paez Guerra, Luis part of Op Red Cross, captain of the Flying Tiger II Pawley, William D former asst Sec of State, Asst Sec of. Defense, Ambassador, owner of Flying Tigers II yacht, organizer of Flying Tigers in WWII, bankrolled Operation Red Cross. Perez, Eduardo known as Eddie Bayo, led Operation Red Cross. Quevedo Pena, Benito . part of op Red Cross Regal, Denys . part of Operation Red . Cross a REX CIA raider ship used during Operation Red Cross Rigal See Regal Sourwine, James counsel to the Senate's Internal Security Committee. Was part of the Operation Red Cross Spencer, Terry British photographer for Time Life, took pictures (illicitly) during Operation Red Cross. These photos were published in 1975 in Soldier of Fortune. Vacuero, Thomas See Vaquero Vaquero, Tomas part of Operation Red Cross Venegas Garcia, Andres Eugenio Cuban, part of Red Cross