me and j -would be dangerous ud the merchants. on the part o dren In the community. by schoolieachers, principals, rear Wimesses. Is that correct? Mr. Moore. Yes. cards similar to these in the ricting? * bt Ww, 3 i i lee tr. Mcore. The Main 51. LL bad tail ackstone Rangers? ~ B awk Mr. Moore. Yes. Lam not * with the rest of + i « With proper supervision? body 2 Sir. Mooze. To evervbody. speak of strength om because ihey hare no ¢ Air. Apierwean. There would bea Mr. Moore. Was? There sil is Mr, Apremray. There still is exploited by these gangs. They have used threats. killings. Ther have rourdered ou Air. Aprrpuss. We were talking you some of these cards and ask. you whether or not you i The document was handed to the x Mr. Moore. This was daring the Martin én these siens were put. the Ap 1 signs ther had in the nelshborhoods dering th ir. Apres, And they were prt fem, then the} students within the class. He has tio achieremen Mr. Apremwas. Do You believe that g pregram could work: fang members if it were properly supervised? “pos Air. Moore. Not for gang mnembers, no. be for youth wirhin a community. The min bers. von encourage others to become sane members. We are fooling ourselves when we say yor can work direetly vith give them zomething. What about the kids who Ther get nothing Sp they join so th Mr. Avrersray. Ts thers &Q¥ War you can wo Ing the gang Jeader’s infnence o Mr. Moore. Whr ganz members? = Wild & fa ne, * ig they @id nor. x f£ a * *~ ad windows of any of fr. Apremsan. Wonld You read them? Mir: Moore. This one Sars, “Do net touch. + = Til £ riot eaders’ achieve witness. } Le Tot. ap by whom? about éxtortio great deal of fea i the community n before, I show hare seen ® of fellows who just Heice not to join, they feel ron the part of + on the part of the chil- the parents, and even the schools 50 forth—zh and ere Was a great deal of & great Ceal of fear that has been Ther have used er children. They have intimidated the shops during the ~ nae? Luther King riot situation Sitation. Those are the Sof April 4 and 5: wr Signed, Jeif Fort, Main 21, ae Tes Ta a Shee For a tie ule you e¥, Too. can ver gang members — ite a So rk - The Caarearax, That may be made exhibit 15<. i Document referred to was marked “Exhibic No. 183 and may be found in the Glas Of The subeommicise} * ' Afr. Avtersas. And not involve the gang mem O@rs HW 532716 DBocld:32397477 Page 7 2 Mr. Moore. Jed F ort did rot write this. He can’t write. < o- . Mr. Avterwa. Somebody wrote i for h frig go to have somebody as a director—when we achievements of the leaders, when yon Throw program ?. d hare to be open to every~ . oom ° for referenca i uniy, but it is preposterous of the fourth-orade his achieveme ments nts in there S$ are less than the I thik a program should Specify gang mem- gangs in this area, on't belong to gangs? & the program, utiliz- in the community, gane Why cant the communities be- come more responsible and have it HWxe any other . ALERTS. Tn other words, it won] i i | eee a
“se § ° . * * & i AI oy woe , : “t : . # e ae STE no se enn ae ’ i3s5 i } Tre Current. That is enough, iiself? 7 . Air. Re ose. Yes. . . | . 38 Cuarruan. So you were setting prepared and organized for any ey er.tnality lik ce that? Ate Rese. Y es. S sir. in. ApLER AN. Do you know abont the meeting in Philadelphia? ? LER Rose. Yes, I do. Mr. Avrmmway. SVould you tell us about that meeting? Mr. Rose. I wasn’t there. Mr Apizrwan. Teli usw ‘hat You know about it. Air. Rose. That is where the Rerolntionary Action Movement peo- ple rst came into the pleture. [Rat sas raere Mr Apremsras. ThatisRAM? Mr. Rose. Yes. That is where ‘they first came i into ‘the picture e. LA cou- ple ofour members went down there, Mr. Apirracas. Did they come to see you in Chicago? Mfr. Rose. Later they came. Afr. Apiersean. Go ahead and tell us. Mr. Rose. They were talking over # list. This is what Iwas told. I wast there. - Mr Apterwas. Who told you this? Mr. Rose. Eugene Hairston. the president, and Lamar Bell. . Mr Apremwas. They Went to Rbiladelnhia? Mr. Rese. ¥ es. They had a list of people who were to be assassinated th Le Dext time bie ie riots started. Ther were all of the ciy il rights leaders thaz yon have, like the guys from NAACP. THe Cusmwaw. In other words, if I understand you right, and I con ‘want to put words into rour mouth, they wanted to hhave some of the s nonviolent leaders assassinated ? Mr, Rose. Yes, sir. all of chem. oe The Cuarauay. Allofthem? ~ . a r. Rose. All the big leaders. \ he CHarryan. So: the militants, revolutionary leaders, wanted to bare their own people assassinated ? AL Rose. T) hisiswhaz Theard. I was not there. Ube Cuamuay, You were nor there, but that is : what Was 13 repor ted 53 Sanaa oe Ain Ross, Yes, sir. : : Mr. Apizrwss. Did they tell you the names of the people they wanted : a sassinated / Z . es ain. Rese. Yes. it hey did. te : _ : . Mr Apieris. W ho were they? Sos . Mr. tose, I can’t remember all of them. but there was Jesse Jack- son involved in ir, and Martin Lat her King was involved in 3207" “Afr. Apter. Who? . a Rese. Ma artin Luther Kins. Jr. The Crates. He was SRE6F them they had marked ?_ Mr Be SE Yes. he Cairns. W vho else? os ae seek. And the people from the NAACP. I can’t remember all their na mes, becanse I dida‘z pay any ditention. The Crary. Ther wanted to pei! the leaders of the NAACP? Air. Rose. Yes. The laree civil rights cronps that are nonviolent, HW 53216 Docld: 32397477 Page. 6
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Rosy we eek, ? < 4 MEMORAN DUM PREPARED FoR <n te ne | THE SUBCOMMITTER To INVESTIGATE i INTERNAL SEC CRITY Act AND OTHER - - INTERNAL SECURITY LAWS ‘COMANITEER ON’ THE JUDICIARY | ~  UNITED-STATES SENATE _ MINETIETH ConcRess SECOND SESSION ve ay te OCTOBER 9, 1963 \ Printed for the nse of the Commiites on the Judiciary For sale be che Stperbr nets HW 53216 DocId: 22 Session oe weet of Deorttsen ty, CSG uot, DO, Bates Pres FL Was 32397477. Page 10 By ae ge swrmment Prigtin: — Dg jod@ IS BS
eviy the bla ck pres oonte Th was this | ing. mot for the Te was this Pe OPS King. ut & cise role pk eyed b of his career. rigt vtly ne > has ghings, he aly open alh ae samara minasorarirs stein ly ¥ 4 2 py & 4 pele a ao wey. & ae Sop Ag | wore j th ar assist: ant ae vis aw t Peale Ww 33216 - Beeddes239 The assassinatio sees Th unspeaxable an ancient saying ¢ cussion, and civil rights movement 15 impo py Dr. King in ghesa developments in the closing years seas (ibid. B+ £5). sind. of im cORS from civil rights organizations into revolutionary forces call- entrance OF tionary Tecons struction of the society. change which provided them with 8 comrnon pasis for revolutionary transio phey SV it, Swould beco rhe status quo had te be system or the war. fhe major fasion of the civil rights movement, swith the New Leit wis found, however: in the person of the late Siartin t anther bee jess in nis critic ASS rogant pera union with other New rmation of society, © ma a possibility. Until then, ev erything about |, a of Dr. King in Memphis on. April 4.08 this year’ e trage ¢hat ons should say nothing eritical & nbout the dead.” of the developing “relations between, the New Lett Varin Lather Hing, vs ghis mov ergent, m extremists. Before his death, however, he bad moved ance W ith 1 thee asm of American foreign policy. = York on April 4 {os87, Rang cat Hed on “all who the American course in Vietnam 2 5. dishonorable 2 and unjust one” 3 conse Gow atm 25 ome. April 15 protest ¢ 20 were OTCURLEES to hing. rh poise S700; 600 to inex: ‘Cietnar SUMIAEr project £5 & major organo nized followup to last eALCe demonstration. 1t svill offer a constructive channel for. alk: That can lade?” : MATS Ing s24 ec the civil rights movement hads sho: wrk “heb a om woe con be aside to yl ssoungne ade & nm honored. During this early Pp a insisted on nony violence anid he ay -oided associat on with the. ; : jentious entasthe “greatest pure Natio mal Guantian:2 Apr. 15, 967, p. 18.) id rc. Kings Dr. Bing has come around and Um glad to have \ » from VW} hitmey AL Young, executive divector of Fle said th : amedi ate problem of survival in this ces and pebalt should not be diverted_into “other channels.” = . eck under the leadership of Rev. At tbs New Yors meeting ge, Ring coid “that he hoped scanner een — , African Dress he invited to all fotace SVcG press snetamorphoss which transformed SNCG and : z Negroes into society, but for the re evolue. Leit organizations, | swhich also sought the one in which inte gration, aS * challenged, sthether 1b Was the s selective service | Ly, an. an aftront to every cryiliged man. ‘There is, yeaible without } qanking note of the ashen he fi first emerged 25 leader of the civil a number of positive contributions for which’ ariod, Hmong other. into an increas extremists andi he had become imer easingly objectors to military § service. He described <eyor of viol ence in the world CORE ‘speech, Floyd MecKissick, es “have a5 their firs. country * * * the rights agencies for ~ at since Negroes personnel & available e to evi and San Fran demonstrations est New v ork § as Bevel, chiet. anes the work and. that: TARO to” the fg Bor: ‘yield to organized cor “re ne nist vet ape “sesamiae sme
‘oe HW 53216 Doeld:32397477 Ser niin anager Ste anpastntasn simareun pins livecnae Sich cvnsia ie = 2 1s ni Carabridge, Mass., Martin Luther King, of the a an Leadership “Conference, announced 2 “ ‘Vietnam summer’ drive” against the war and against U.S. interventions else- where, He said thet the drive would include antidratt activities, sponsorship OF peace c candidates im local and State elections, and referendums in municipal elections asking for an end to the wa “We throughont the Nation who oppose the war must reach others who are concerned,” De. hing said. “It is time to move from demon- strations and university t “ins to a nationwide community teach- out” (Was hington Posi, Apr. 24, 196%, p. 1). Dr. King was joined at 2 news conference by pediatrician Dr. Benjamin Spock 2 end Robert Scheer, editor of the radical Ramparis magazine, A _pamphlet distributed af the conference stated the lone- ranga aim of t a orgonizing enort is the ereation of a vocal, strong | antiwar block by 1933. “\Ve alm at more than chan aaging a vote or two in Congress.” the S ooohlet said, “We seek to defeat Lyndon Johnson and ~“ A statement issued by Freadom House strongly criticized Martin cor lend) ing | is “mantle of Tespectabili ity” to an anti- Vieimarn War coalic on that ineludes well-known Communist allies and luminaries ont he American lett. The 7 paper: said that Dr. King had “emerged as the public spear carrier of a civil disobedience pro- gram that is demaesgic a rid irrésponsible in its attacks on onr govern ment.” domng: im this statement was Rov Wilkins, exoontive director of the NAACP and a member of the board of directors of Freedom House (New Yor" Times, May 2 21,1987). Tn an advertisement 1 in the mew York Times a call for “Vietnam Surnmer 1067" was roade ander the names of Dr. Martin Luther Kine, Dr. Benjamin Spock, Robert Scheer, Dr. John C, Bennett, CardP ste" Williams, e end & ‘umber of others. The statement noted, that-— Vietnata Summer is a call for 20,000 volunteers, inclading 2,000 fulltime Workers, to sparcd the snmmer 500 coramanities organizing and ednes ting against the war * Vie AIT "“Sdiomer is a project to x : in eation who o axl (ihe New 3 5 4 bet r Bt gy & i pits Pesce act ag am tel te nh a At a Bit Se a dig, we a Ba 1 * _ vill undertake a broad range of concrete actions to end 2 group proposed to stimulate antivar feeling among nd to enconrage them in their refusal to join the. Army of this project was to create “a new independent force in youny peop slat ad ne orb foht j inthe war. ~ The antidraf: aspect of t ese aw Left has been a adopted by many “within the civil r tigats movement. On Afay 1, 1987, Cleveland I. Sel- lers, Jr., one of ithe three major r oncers of tha Sindent Non-Violent . Coordinating Committee, relt ed to be inducted i into the Army. the 22-year-old Ne ezro called the Vietnamese war a “racist conflict” etic joined with Stokely Carmichael, then student committee chairman, in accusing the United States of drafting latge minibers of Negroes 2 as part of a plan to commit “colenlated ge genocide.” At the same time, Parmic heal ahnounced th nab is other student coimmittes workers hea. rosed induction within tha pre evious 3 months ag park of the oren- “hization’s a compaign against £ the war in Vieinan . Be Sapo ion a Vieinany. (New Yorks Times, . » Page 12
“Tn en interview, the Reverend James Bevel, assistant to Dr. “fartin tather King, and head of the April 15 antiwar march in New York end San Francisco, was asked how he would “implement” antidrait evmpathies. “You dont need a whole lot of complicated plans,” Bevel wid. “When Mr. Johnson comes around toe geb you, you just says “4 scon't go’ ” He expressed the view that-— . afr, Johnsen is nor going to Sop, tetowe won't stood either. We're going to te ‘ eenize sradents by the vhousends to go to Jeti by the rhousarids. * * * We're go~ fog fo bave e radical summer. Were sdirg to sar to Foung people, you must get ene of the school and into the shreets. * * ® Close down New York Cite. * * * mall Min, Jobson plain that he is going to heave to stop Killing the folks in Viet- sexx (the Washington Post, Apr 50, 1907, B G4). : “an antidraf organization was established at predominantly Negro Morehouse College in Atlanta, Ga. Seventy-eight students signed 2, petition which declared “We cannot conscientiously permit ov wires to be used as objects in war.” Henry Bass, a spokesman for the - “Aenta Committee to End the Wer in Vietnam, said that— ” whe Morehouse guys are pledged to seek legal Gaesificetion as CO's; that Is, rhev.are pledged not merely fo opt out by going to Canada, tering in graduate school, fathering children, ete, but actually to combat the dreft CNational Guar- dian, Apr. 29, 1907, po). . So Despite all of this activity within the civil rights movement, there kas also bean a strong reaction against it by traditional advocates of ‘Speaking at Howard University in Washington, D.C., Richmond XL Flowers, Alabama's former attorney general and a racial moderate, charged thet Stokely Carmichsel hed etraved Negro interests and that Martin Luther King, Jr, was wrong to oppose the war in Viet" ram. He called Carmichsel’s draft card burning exhortations “almost treasonous” and compared Carmichael with former Alabama Gover- nor Georgs Wellace and suggested that the two men ron on the same Becket for President and Vice President. - “) do cae a very Close pareliel with such 2 joxder defying a draft notice and the Governor of a Siste stending in 2 schoolhouse door in dadance of a Federal comet rder that edmnite a qualified citizen of thet State to the State miversity and 2t- . tempts to exclude her for the sole reason that she is a Negro. oe ’ Fle said: > Petanes is defiance, whether you sre detring a drafty notice or a Federal sour Soa * Blowers noted thet “black power, defiance, and Black supremacy are just as immoral and illegal as white power, defiance, and white supremacy.” Turning to Dr. King, he said that there is no connection between the civil rights movement end the war in Vietnsin: m Peis attiinds in order to keep themselves Dr. Ralr nd longtime Negtol - ny grt @ bere Utile in eemmion (New York ‘Times, Apr. 10, L907, ae de In my view, Dr order, The two e D. 21). At the antiwar meeting in New York on April 15, Dr. King found . ‘2 * ¥ * ‘ himself doing what he once said he would not do. He appeared on the \ HW 532716 DBocld: 32397477 Page 13 bigs tek
¥ Speaking in New York, Roy Wilkins, executive director of the | NAACP, said he thought Dr. ing Was sincere m making the pre- diction, “But think it’s danserous, ; dle said that “lass dis- ciplined persons” might interpret such warnings as encouragement toriot (New York Times, Apr. 21, 1967). - _. . ; The leader of a group of West Side Negro ministers in Chicago declared that Dr. Martin Intther Sing should “get the hell ont of here’? because his civil rights marching in Chicago last Summer “created ate.” } The Reverend Henry Mitchell said that— if he wants to march on the West Side, tet him march with rakes, brooms, ana : grass seeds, ; mo . : He noted that the ministers represented the sentiments of 50,000 =", icago Negroes who want “peace, lore, and harmony,” don’t approve of civil righis marches, and “just want to live in their communities - and uperade them.” (Chicago Tribune, Apr, 20, 1967), Scores of Howard University students chanted “Burn, baby, burn” as an effigy of Selectire Service Director Lewis B, Hershey was set afire during a campus rally on April 19, 1987. ‘The burning was spor- taneous, following Rangings of eligies of Hershey, University Presi. dent James M. Nabrit, Jr.. and Dean Frank Snowden of Howard's College of Liberal Arts, After the hangines and a round of speeches enouncing Nabrit and Snowden as “(Thole Toms,” someone in the | crowd of more than 409 students yelled, “Bury that white maffinhead” : Other students quickly took up the cry, shouting “burn him” and “Naplam him,” (Washington Post, Apr. 90, 1867.) Before the hangings most of the crowd jammed into-a hallway in » 8 campus building where a nomber of students were facing discip] mary charges for forcing General Hershey to cancel a speech at Howard op - March 91, Outsida the building Ronald O. Ross, cochairman of the Project Awareness student committee that had invited Hershey to speak, said: ; ~ Pm sorry 7 invited him. y Cont want bin to speak. Vets 3 White man Gbiaj. _ péelerring to university charzes that the students “disrupted the see orderly operation “of the school,” Ross continued : With thig rope We're going to disropt it some mos. We don't intend to be. responsible, We intend to ba Mack * ¢ & He CNabrit] des reading Fomer and shooting this university fo bot. T say we don't have time for Elomer. Fyjsct let's et rid of every Uncle “orm aroond here (ibid). | A cache of alms, ranging from a slingshot toa sawed-off tif, veas™ Weovered by police in zn raid on a Harlem the: ter noted for ifs pro- Ry ® “ & o* ® » % * Suction of plays wich antiwhite themes, 4. polee inspector said the - raiding party also found a rifle prence range in the basement of the lack “Arts Repertory Theater, Officers arrested sty men, including one who was armed and tried to block detectives at the door. Police Said they found a sign inside the theajer whichread: os All Weapons cleaned aad sharpened by 6 Pam. All weapons With be Inspected by Khan, the Leader, ‘The theater fs the same one founded br bitterly antiwhite poet. -Plarwright LeRoi Jones with partial support from antipoverty funds om * " ope * ashington Post, Mar, 18, 1966), Docld: 32397477 Page 14
"ie ee nt ep on et ted [d:323974 : & ie eee Sale OS So ee en Shah oe 2a Violence becomes a factic which jn 718 Wholly permissible. dé is, after all, things to call for rational discourse seacerul settlement of disputes, Tf the on disputes tha establishment jn al] areas, Bs semene with regard to violence, t is important that the Inajority of 3 mericans recognize the fact thet these revolutionary views are held by only a small minority of Segroes. Fet, like the non-N; gto New Leff, jt iso Tailitant, vecal ‘and active minority and js makes iis presence tele out of all Preportion to its numerical Stee ath. Racism in reverse may be an understandable reaction to TRANY years of discrimination and suffering, but 3 is the ind of reaction Which will prevent real progress in ths very impor. ant area of raca relations. Martin Luther King’s brie? membership in this coalition, that he aa Decome willine to appear onthe same platform and pr the black power advocates he shunned oniy a short tima h cates that his own views had chanced significantly. ‘The fact that a a seh Negro opinion has been sharply divided over the new affiliation of Portions of the civil righis movement with the antiwar movement was pomnted ont in a resent study of the effect of the war in Vict. nam upon American lifa: Thé peenliag conilict in Neer Sentinent emerced strikiagty, too, in a Ineasure. f26nt of current ahivudes toward obey laureate Alartis Later ing. Fag Ring's outspoken SO0l-Visraar seer Stand) the Dolisters assed, damaged the civil riches oFement? Only ay Pereent of rhe a Ber Geg (a5 compared With the 64 percent oF the general pubic) RoSWerg] “Yee Xet, Sizniscan Gy, the pall Suggested a etamatic decline dy Bine’s bopulanite RinOngs Noerras, Only 15 peteent of thera, in fact, setg that ther vonig Vote for Rim 12 ha Tan for President Lhe chie? veasen for this deg Dot seam th he Aine's Pactiisra, Rather t 9 ABarently ty thas his antiwar activites has beclondad his Dievions role as 2 champion of the Negro CAUSe per go “The War ben's King's Protlem,” save the mother o¢ & Negro OT Trem Chicago, “bat the Newer Deope is, and he GREE to sifele to TE (Newsweek, Joly 10, 1687, Bp. Sf). Despite the eforts of tha militants, Nj €sto participation in antiwar Protests has been slight. Blany sao ‘a parallel with past efforts of the Communist Patiy to enlist Negro Support for a separate N egro Republic in the South by identifying themselves sith clvil rights - activities. But for the limited response to the black power appeal, . it would appear that the Current New Lete attempt to use the Negro 88 8 catalyst for revolation Wil fei] as dismally a5 have past efforts to. exploit the American \ egro for Tevolutionary Purposes, _ The split which has been growing in the cisa] yi ghis movement since: the association of Some of its members with the New Legs, antiwar movement, has seen condi Ag organizations and viewpoints arise, -— Ex-convict Eldridge C ver, the Black Panthers? “Minister of Tn. formaation” and bresidential nominee of the Peace and Freedom arey, explained his revolutionary foals tog stoup of San Franeiseo America is UD @gainst the wan, This whole &pparaius, his on end its instiintions and police... all heed to be assizned te th history and I don’t give a Renee They dosen ty Uke ik, ze DitalisHe avete © garbage ean of We cane have if *Soce Gbseene warts Beet br New Letra 2t 2ttiviste hare Deen omitted front these artetes AE 1 Mote saps lanvon oe *oold help ta the : 7 ble under oougt aan deplet the natire 3 Se ae Were deleted Cotiuse ¢ : : hey were found to be Copections Standarés, p 2 este Mae PO on Biya, ee eee