198-40007-10019 AGENCY : RECORD NUMBER : RECORD SERIES : AGENCY FILE NUMBER : ORIGINATOR : FROM: TO: TITLE : DATE: PAGES: SUBJECTS : DOCUMENT TYPE : CLASSIFICATION : RESTRICTIONS : CURRENT STATUS : DATE OF LAST REVIEW : OPENING CRITERIA : COMMENTS : v9.1 HW 50955 DBocld: 3274274012 JFK Assassination System Date: Identification Form Agency Information ARMY —_ 198-10007-10019 CALIFANO PAPERS Document Information JCS V.H.KRULAK ICCCA OVERVIEW PAPER ON CASTRO-COMMUNIST SUBVERSION 05/14/1963 15 IMPEDING TRAVEL TO CUBA PAPER, TEXTUAL DOCUMENT Secret 1C; 4 Redact 04/02/1998 Califano Papers, Box 4, Folder 17. Memo from Krulak to the ICCCA re: Overview Paper on Castro-Communist Subversion. ; Department of the Army EO 13626 Deciassify — Exclude [ Exempt Authority _ REECE EEA et EY EEE PAL ECLSSSSSSSTLAESCOOSOOPE SOLD & Refer To ; , NO STATE OBJECTION TO DECLASSIFICATION BY DATE - Page i 6/24/201
‘ SECRET THE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF WASHINGTON 25, D.C. SUB-COMMITTEE ON CUBAN SUBVERSION THE JOINT STAFF SACSA-M 286-63 14 May 1963 MEMORANDUM FOR THE INTERDEPARTMENTAL COORDINATING COMMITTEE " ON CUBAN AFFAIRS Subject: Overview Paper on Castro-Communist Subversion | i, At a recent meeting the members of the Sub-Committee on Cuban Subversion discusseé the critical need for an overview of the Gastre-Communist subversion situation in Latin America, in light of the many actions which have been proposed or adopted in recent months. It was envisioned that such a presentation would be designed on a country-by-country basis, giving factual evidence of change in the situation in each country, and expressed in terms of the topics upon which we have recently developed studies. 2, The analysis should be developed from information largely available in Washington, as opposed to requiring special reports from the field; and sheuld be prepared as of 1 dune; to be available not later than 1 duly. 3, The Committee authoriged me to recommend to you that preparation of a paper of the scope outlined abov be required, VY. H. KRULAR Major General, USMC Cheimman (DOWNGRADED AT 3 YEAR INTERVALS; poD DIR 5260.10 a. HY 50955 DBoctd: 327424012 Page 2?
HW 450955 ¢ SECRET SUB-COMMITTEE ON CUBAN SUBVERSION 9 May 1963 MEMORANDUM FOR THE INTERDEPARTMENTAL COORDINATING COMMITTEE ON CUBAN AFFAIRS SUBJECT: . second Progress Report, Sub-Committee on Cuban Subversion ENCLOSURE: Progress Achieved during April in Impeding Travel to Cuba ~ , l. The enclosure hereto summarizes progress made by the several departments and agencies, during the month of April, in executing the actions approved by the President on 8 March 1963, to control the movement of subversives and subversive trainees to and from Cuba. , 2. In addition to the program on control of subversive travel, action programs were completed in all of the companion areas, and were forwarded for approval on the dates indicated below: a. Controls on Movement of Propaganda Material - 14 March 1963 b.. Controls on Movement of Arms - 14 March 1963 c. The Organization of a Caribbean Surveillance System - 15 March 1963 d. The Exchange of Intelligence - 25 March 1963 e. Controls on Movement of Funds - 10 April 1963 f. Training of Latin Americans in the United States - 26 April 1963 . 3. A significant development during the month of April bearing on the action programs proposed by the Sub-Committee was the Ministerial Meeting held in Managua, Nicaragua, on 3-4 April. The Managua meeting produced a set of eight resolutions which, when implemented, will proceed along the same major avenues as the | Sa GROUP-i SECRET Be EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC : ‘DOWNGRADING AND DECLASSIFICATION BDocld: 3274740127 Page 3
SECRET action programs proposed by the Sub-Committee. An interdepart- mental team is currently visiting the Isthmian capitals, consulting with Ministers of Government and authorities designated by them in the fields of immigration control, customs control, coastal sur- veillance and the organization of a local counter-subversive agency. For the Sub-Committee: V. H. KRULAK Major General, USMC Chairman - SECRET HW 50955 DBocld: 3274274012 Page 4 }
HW 450955 SECRET PROGRESS ACHIEVED DURING APRIL IN IMPEDING TRAVEL TO CUBA 1. The Department of State has: a, Participated in the drafting of a resolution passed at the 3-4 April Managua meeting respecting discouragement of travel of Latin Americans to Cuba for training in subversion, The text of the resolution is appended hereto. b. Headed an interdepartmental team currently visiting the Isthmian capitals with the objective of securing, where feasible, the fullest and quickest implementation of all the recommendations agreed on at Managua. Prior to the depar- ture of the team, Department of State posts were instructed to inform the host governments of the trip and to encourage them to identify the kinds and extent of technical assistance it would be most useful for the United States to furnish. c, Caused to be noted in U.S, passports since 1 April that - they are not valid for travel to Cuba. d. Following an indication that the Bolivian Government — might be willing to increase efforts to impede travel of its nationals to Cuba, instructed the U.S. Embassy to recommend - that the GOB: , (1) Ban travel to Cuba by Bolivian nationals except for official or special purposes see ones by the GOB, and establish legal penalties for violations (2) Require Bolivian citizens to have a passport or other GOB document to travel abroad; (3) Make such document invalid for travel to Cuba unless specially endorsed; (4) Seek arrangements with third countries which are important transit points under which third countries will assist the GOB in preventing unauthorized travel by Bolivians and will help identify violators, e. Drawing on the recommendation in the paper on "The Move- ment of Subversives and Subversive Trainees" and other sources prepared telegrams to the non-Isthmian posts, instructing them to eneourage host governments to take additional counter- subversion steps. Each instruction was tailored to the local SECRET Doclda: 327474012 Page 5
HW 50955 situation in the recipient country and included appropriate Suggestions as to strategy which might be used in securing = implementation of the desired actions, f. Requested posts in Latin America to encourage host governments to take appropriate measures to discourage - participation of their nationals in Cuba's May Day cele- bration, and to prevent charter flights from their country to Cuba for the celebration. 2. The Department. of Defense has: a, Continued the U.S, sea and air surveillance of the area surrounding Cuba until 25 April 1963, at the same rate and with the same emphasis as existed prior to that date, Since 25 April 1963, additional sea surveillance has been realized between Cuba and Haiti, due to the stationing of. the Caribbean Ready Amphibious Squadron at the entrance of. the Gulf of Gonaives occasioned by the deterioration of internal conditions within Haiti. Reports of subversive movement, or suspected subversive movement, obtained by U.oe Surveillance are available for immediate transmittal through the U.S, military alerting system, b. Flowing from recommendations by the committee, greatly accelerated current programs for the installation of military communications facilities in Latin America. -As of 1 April, a commercial submarine cable from Florida to Panama became operational. This cable gives reliable voice and teletype communications to CINCARIB including both classified teletype and voice. Negotiations are con- tinuing in Honduras, Colombia and Ecuador for the instal- lation of military radio facilities. Installation of a multi-channel radio station has been completed in Costa Riea. <A similar facility in Nicaragua is scheduled for completion by 1 duly 1963. ec. Established an Intelligence Center at CARITBCOM: Headquarters, in connection with the program of surface surveillance of the Caribbean, for rapid processing and dissemination to countries concerned, via the American Am- bassadors, of intelligence on the movement of subversives. SECRET Boclda: 32474012 Page 6
HY 0955 SECRET d, Established: on’ ll April a U.S. military alerting system operated by CINCARIB and. CINCLANT., Pursuant to the request of the Interdepartmental. Coordinating Committee on Cuban Affairs the Department of Defense has suspended the use of the Military Groups in the alerting system and is working with CIA to reduce duplication of effort to a mini-. mum, .e, Alerting U.S. forces, for the most part within the Atlantic Command, to be prepared to provide U.S, assistance in the final. interception of shipping in territorial waters upon request by the country concerned. Currently,: forces are assigned by the unified commander involved, to. meet the singular problem encountered, f. Ordered to. the Canal Zone.a Coast Guard Mobile Training. Team for a period - of six months, beginning 15 May -1963, to provide training, in Spanish, in boat handling and maintenance together with surveillance techniques to. ; those Central American. countries having 40 foot Coast Guard Utility Boats. In addition, the Mobile Training Team-will. assist as required in establishing .a-permanent Small. Craft — Training and Inspection Facility in the Canal Zone. One > 4O.foot utility boat has been permanently assigned to. the’ U.S, Naval Station, Rodman Canal, Zone for use. Py the. MTT and will be delivered there about 20 June. 3. The Central Intelligence Agency has: . a. Completed its efforts to:-improve U.S. government communications in Latin America by the installation of the remaining two. commercial leased circuits into Guatemala _ City_and Managua, and the stationing on.a permanent basis of CIA radio operators in Tatin America in replacement of temporary duty personnel. In November: 1962 , CIA's active radio facilities in| atin American capitals were augmented with on-line eryptographic facilities and.temporary personnel to handle the bulk of all..U.S. government communications in the area. These facilities, know as Joint Communications Centers, are now being operated py CITA on a. 24-hour basis, as a service to.all U.S. government agencies. Latin. American traffic handled by the CIA base radio station near Washington has increased from 3,000,000 groups handled in Oetoper 1962 to.15,000;000 groups handled in March 1963; b, Increased its efforts designed to control the inoverment of persons, arms and propaganda materials. to.and from Cuba. A summary of actions by country is provided below: SECRET 7 3 Boclda: 3274274012 Page 7
HW 450955 SECRET 1) Argentina ~ Station, in conjunction with. the Embassy, has continued to press the Argentine govern- ment.to enact effective travel eontrol legislation and to adopt measures recommended by the Special Consultative Committee on Security of the OAS. Information on Argentines travelling to Cuba is being furnished to the Argentine government by the station. Several potential travellers .to Cuba. have been spotted and are being assessed by the station. Infermation from three recent returnees. from Cuba is. being obtained through debriefings. Station .re- .. ports that because of increased Mexican controls,.all truly clandestine travel to Cuba from Argentina.is now via Prague. Che Guevara's mother was. arrested on 23 April upon. her return to Argentina. for importing Castro. propa~ ganda. 2) Bolivia - Statiénm and Embassy have been urging Bolivian government to adopt stricter travel controls, without apparent results .so far. Names of travellers known to have returned from Cuba are being. furnished to the Bolivian government. Thus far, no action is known to. have been taken by the Bolivian government on the | strength of such information. Station comments that. prob-— lem with Bolivia is.not in lack of information available to government on Cuban subversion, but in getting Bolivia’ to do something about it. 3) Brazil - Inforiation on. Brazilians who have received . subversive training in Cuba has been made available to © = the Brazilian Foreign Office; through the American. Ambassa- - ‘dor, and to the National Security Couneil | Aw assét of the CIA station in Rio is in a position to harass and delay Cuba~bound instances where the station is garding their destination. He when informed in advance. The get appropriate information to travellers in. those able to tip him off re- can also harass. returnees station is taking steps to him promptly. 4) Chile = Chilean internal security authorities, travellers to and from Cuba. must be turned in after travel, are trying to impede. and harass Government is now requiring passport applicants to. state déstination; and passports The Foreign Minister has. stated much progress is being made, with cooperation — of the Mexican government, and SECRET 4 DoctId: 32424012 Page 8 that travel of Chileans to Cuba has been dramatically reduced in recent weeks.
HW 50955 SECRET Station and Embassy are continuing pressure on Cuban. government in this regard. Names of travellers td Cuba are being passed to. the Ambassador, who furnishes them to President Alessandri (who has asked that this collab- oration be kept secret). Information from CIA unilateral operations against Cuban Embassy is being used by. a newly created Chilean surveillance team in-checking out purpose of travel projected and in following up on returnees from Cuba, The station has an agent in daily contact. with leaders of the extreme militant left and is exploring the . possibilities of sending three station assets to Cuba forvtraining and intelligence missions. A Cuban First Secretary. was declared persona non grata during April for using false identity documents, and the Cuban charge d'affaires was subsequently recalled by his own government. 5) Colombia - Chief of Customs has indicated to his willingness to institute an improved travel control system. One station asset expects to travel to Cuba | in the near future. Station believes it has identified _ a courier operating between Colombia and Cuba and. has mounted an operation to uncover his Colombian contacts. — 6) Costa. Rica - Station reports. little pro-Castro. activity during April. No. recorded. travel to or from . , Cuba has taken place. Local authorities appear inclined _ to cooperate in control program. _ So 7) Dominican Republic = Efforts to get Juan Boseh to take active steps against Communists and travellers to and from Cuba have been fruitless to date, as have ‘been = efforts to establish a.new and effective internal security © organization in the Dominican Republic. Bosch appears to. have lost his previously stated enthusiasm for such a service, but efforts to persuade him to approve a proposed budget for the service are continuing. 8) Ecuador - Station reports. that, largely as a result of both overt and covert propaganda activities of U.S. agencies in Ecuador, the public awareness of Cuban sub- version has changed from apathy to genuine concern, The government, however, is no more inclined to take action than.before. The National Director of Immigration has stated that he.personally would like to do whatever he can to. stop trayel to Cuba, which he realizes is for subversive purposes, but present laws do not pemit him to impede travel via third countries. He is exploring possibilities of reprisals against’ citizens who return SECRET 2 Boclda: 32474012 Page 9
HW 50955 SECRET from Cuba; He has checked a list of names and passport numbers obtained from airline manifests in Mexico, and reports that not one name or passport number corres- ponds with official Ecuadoran records, indicating the possibility of fabrication of passports by Cuba, A recent Ecuadoran returnee from Cuba, recruited by the station, lost his hand in testing a homemade bomb made in accordance with instructions received in.Cuba. He made a public statement and wide publicity was . arranged by the statton and USIS. Plans are to keep: this: incident alive as proof .of revolutionary training given in Cuba for terrorist activity in Ecuador. The station chief has accompanied the American Ambassador.on visits to the Ecuadoran Ministers of Defense . and Government to stress the threat of Cuban backed subversion. . . Approximately 7,000 pounds of Communist propaganda ~ are being destroyed monthly as a result of a unilateral operation of the CIA Base in Guayaquil. 9) Haiti ~ Station reports that several assets have travelled to points. outside Port-au-Prince in an-effort to learn of possible travel to and from Cuba. Reports from. areas of Cape Haitien,. Port de Paix, and La Gonave and La Tortue Islands, were negative... _10) Honduras - The government has. shown little inclina- tion to tighten up-on travel control. A travel control system presented to the Minister of Government has been fully approved by hKim,. but not yet put into effect. Several known Honduran Communists have recently travelled to Cuba. Information as to their identities is being furnished to President Villeda through the. U.S. Ambassador. 11) Mexico - A CIA source states the Cuban Embassy has: issued 10-15 visas during April on pieces of paper separate from the passport, but the government's practice of stamping all passports to. show travel to or from Cuba has largely nullified this effort by travellers to avoid the stigma of travel to Cuba. All Cubans arriving in Mexico, whether in transit or otherwise must have Mexican visas. This is not true of other nationalities, who need, no. visa. if in transit. The government continues to confiscate propaganda material from Cuba. sporadically at the airport. The government recently refused visas to five Cuban doctors who wished to attend a Urology Congress © SECRET 6 Boclda: 32474012 Page i0
HY 0955 SECRET in Mexico. Several station assets have recently travelled to Cuba for intelligence purposes. 12) Panama - At the urging the Guardia Nacional nas been ordered to increase its vigilance concerning returnees from Cuba and to prevent them from establishing an effective organization. Several recent returnees from Cuba are being debriefed regarding their training and contacts, and several CIA assets are expecting to leave for Cuba in the.near future for training. CIA has increased its personnel assigned to. travel control functions at the Panama City airport, now permitting a three-man detail for each -elght~hour - shift, Station is continuing its pressure on Panamanian officials to tighten travel controls. 13) Uruguay ~. Station has made arrangements with. tO pigeonhole or “lose” applications for good conduct. certificates + which are needed to secure pass- ports; and must be renewed every six months ~. in cases where information from the CIA station or from the Uruguayans ' own sou ces. indicated intention of travell~ . ing to Cuba. Pertinent information from CIA unilateral operations is being passed regularly to cooperating Uruguayan officials. Station has a further check in that the Mexican Ambassador to Uruguay is now. checking all applicants for Mexican visas with the station, On the basis of information furnished to him, he held up visa applications of Uruguayan Communist Labor delegates. who planned to attend May Day celebrations in Havana. Creation of this. bottleneck may force some travellers to abandon the Mexican route to Cuba and turn to. the longer and far more expensive route via Prague. Info- mation on past travel to Cuba by Uruguayans, furnished by the station, was included in a study of Cuban sub- ion prepared by Uruguayan P for the National Council of Government. 4. The U. S, Information Agency has: a. Sent circular instructions to all USIS field posts: in Iatin America advising each to stimulate publicity in the local press and radio, to encourage identification of . Cuban trainees through personal-contact work with students and labor, to- report promptly evidence of Cuban~aided subversion in each country, to report statements by local Leaders and editorial comment, and to publicize economic conditions in Cuba as means of discrediting travellers to Cuba, The Agency's Washington media were issued a detailed guidance on the subject on 28 March, SECRET Bocld: 32424012 Page ii 7
HY 0955 SECRET b. In addition to the regular news reporting (VOA) of the Managua Ministers! Meeting, broadcast 15 commentaries and features on the subject of Cuban subversion to Latin America during the month of April. Among these were a dramatization based on the story of an Ecuadoran boy who was attacked by communists in Guayaquil for carrying anti- communist film, a chronology of subversive acts involving Cuban diplomats, and a history of subversion from the | Trojan horse through Nazi fifth columns to present- day Cuban subversion, ec. Transmitted by teletype 13 articles on Cuban subver- sion during April to USIS posts throughout Latin America for placement in the local press. These included news stories, commentaries, and backgrounders. Among the sub- jects treated were the Managua Meeting, the Guayaquil incident, the story of an Ecuadoran terrorist trained in Cuba who was wounded by his own explosives, Assistant. Secretary Martin's Pan American Day speech, and several commentaries on training in Cuba. The Agency's publica-. tions center in Mexico also published a pamphlet based on the defection of the Guatemalan ex-communist leader Carlos Manuel Pellecer, including letters in which he revealed communist subversive tactics. SECRET Bocld: 32474012 Page i2
HW 450955 . SECRET APPENDIX _ _ RESOLUTION I PASSED AT THE 3 4 APRIL MANAGUA MEETING OF. HRS The Meeting of Ministers of Government, Interior and Security convoked pursuant to the pertinent section of the Declaration — of Central America signed by the Presidents of the seven countries in San. Jose, Costa. Rica on Maren 19, 1963. AGREES | To recommend to their Governments that they adopt, within the limitations of their respective constitutional provisions, measures to.be put into effect immediately, to prohibit, restrict and discourage the movement of. their nationals to and from Cuba. .To this end, they propose the adoption of — the following measures: (1). Provide, as a general rule, that every passport or other travel document which may be issued carry a stamp which indicates that said ‘passport is not valid for travel . to Cuba. (2). Declare officially that nationals who are permitted to travel to Cuba should have the permission duly inscribed in their official travel document. (3). Promulgate regulations restricting the granting of visas.to foreigners who have travelled to Cuba within’ a stipulated period of time. (4). Notify travel agencies and transport companies of! these measures for due compliance; and inform the govern- ments of other countries through the most appropriate means » (5) Request the Governments of the Hemisphere: &) not to allow the nationals of signatory countries to travel to Cuba unless they possess a valid passport or other document issued by their country of origin . valid. for such travel; a SECRET Doclda: 324274012 Page i13
a HW 450955 ” SECRET b) not to accept visas, tourist cards or. other documents issued to their nationals for. travel to Cuba ae which do not form an integral (non-detachable) part. of their passports or other. travel documents ; c)..to observe the limitations placed in the pass- | ports or other travel documents of the nationals of signatory governments and not allow them .to depart. for Cuba 5 dad) to inform the signatory countries through: 7 appropriate channels of refusals to allow one of their. “nationals .to depart for Cuba; and -e) to provide the ‘signatory governments the names of their nationals which may appear-.on the passenger. list of any airplane. or | Ship going to or coming: from: Cuba. SECRET Doclda: 324274012 Page 14