14-00000 4) Now Becinnors, collect funds for hia group anc for underground work in. Pa: Germany, “ith the ald of the Leasue for Incustrial vonocracy and ita Socretary, irs, Mary Fox (at whose apartment he lived), who introduced him to tho large circle of well-toecs unattached ladies hore (Frank 1s @ great ladies’ man) ho collected relatively Large sus. These ladies, all anxious to "do something for tho cause” arranged dozens of luncheons and suppers for him and he could truthfully beast of his creat BUCCOSS. , There nave been all sorte of accusations against hin fer alleged misuse of these funds, for the lack of control and audit of these funds, ete, (by an M.P. of the British Labor Party, by the Jovleh Daily! Forsard” and the Nouo Volkaisttme, A ame eae et eyo eager TE oe woe te 6h ete, otc., but his friends here «= Professor Reinhold Niebuhr and other loading menbers of the [ Leacue for Industrial _ i Democracy stood and stand by his and vouch for his intellectual and physical integrity. 4s far as 1 know, hia croup doess not control any, not oven a enall, organization In Germany and | recent newcomers froa Europe assure me that there never was any group worth nontioning connected with tho Frank organtza- tion wiich dia undercround work, They say that Dr, Frank «eo who lives in the United States under the nate of Paul Haren oo and the stories he tells at private and semiepublic moctings, are 9635 blurt. | | | The "Inside Germany” “poports waich are iasued ia Dre Hiobunr’s naz, are edited by Dre reant. I was present et a
14-00000 Siar. 5) Vew Gogluiergs 7 Ginner of Or, Nfebuarts group last winter in support of "Insice Sermany” at woich no was eulogized as the aan who is responsible "for the exietence of a net of radical underground organizations in the Third Heich which finally will be the lever to overthrow Nazi tyranny". This and similar twaddle nas been circulated all over the United States and there aro many wao really bolieve it, That Dr, Niebuhr should be 80 easily taken in passes my comprehension, That he. knowingly makes use of a "false alarn” 1 an most reluctant to believe, | More recently Frankeilaron has boon helpful in bringing in Stalinists into the United States and keoping anti« Stalinist radicals out, This has been made possible by his Senge d et 4G close association with Hiaa Warburg (now ¥ MIB e Spinellf) and ,his ie ama yD Sand aes cooperation with her wors for the “Emergency Rescue Comitteo" 1.& , nominally directed by Dr. Frank : “Ingdon. Tals organization was bee merged recently with the " internat Lonal Relief Organization" e . LO Cough | directed by Kiss Strunaxy, as the "International Rescue Relief Comittee" « Several euch cas6s have. come to my attention and . they atrengthen the opinion of those who know that he is still \ working for the Conintern or for some one of its sub-divisions, One former Cosmmnist woo neld a very prominent position in the European Comaunist movement holds to the firn conviction that all of Frank's party wanderings inside and outside of the Whether hat Communist Party were. under direct orders from "above", tala is true or not, I, of course, can only sveculate, sort of thing defies proof,
14-00000 Hinedon's Smerreney Resene Camiittee. Aceordi Per iea seecaan  aae D. C. Foole May 12, 1942 The Nonorable Allen Ge Dulles Ho downt your files contain material relat ing to. the German leftist croup in Nev York enlled licues. Racinaen, or sometines the Sew Beginners; also with resnect to the leader of this group, Fanl Rogen, alias Narl Frank. The attached monerandun on the New Begimers hes just been received bv us froma collabor:ter who vas formerly a member of the Communist Tarty and is believed to ba, on the whole,vell-intormed with respect to the matters on which he writes in this nomescandnn, Your attention is nartienlariv invited te the contact which Paul Nason conears toa hewe with Ur. Frank recollection, Mrs. Uva :fister is netive in the ver’ of this Committee. I remember once asking ‘irs. Pfister ahout her relationship to the Neves Moctnncon, ont IT do not remember that I had anv verv satisfactorr ans: dere § nS pe BOF,
14-00000 . Report ‘on the: ‘Russian Refucee Enérgency in, Rome, 21 Feb 74° (filed 4135. 5):
Mee pap ee mem pre 14-00000 R3 INIT= AoE AAT AY sto. s ime 6 ao SoM gs me eA tee (ca “ERO | Sommittss, INC 3S ome ang $6 Ite “Suncse e. 36 PARK AVENUE SOUTH 9 @. NEW YOAN, NEW. YORK 10918 “6 873-9916 . 4 ' ei rereces mgoR Hamburg "Hony Meng Madrid. Metho Cry Aomreat Munah Nuremvers Parse Rome Saigon San fuse Stecbdotm Taazania Trievte atone REPORT ON TEE RUSSIAN RETECEE ERS « oar an 1. Yn conplisnce with a directive of IRC’s Executive Committee I ; spent the wees of January 21 thtouga Jaanatys <S is Rome in osder to assist ovr Rose oifice ia overcoming the certlex orzanizatiozal Gifficulties created by the sudden apmearance of 209 Russiaa Jevs . from Israel who, durfag the first ten cays of Januar7, ned apalied ; for help oad resettlement services, With thig mass intoxe, as it _ : , . ‘were, our Russian caseload in Italy -~ doclucing a handiul of , non-Jewish ‘enigres and a doten or so mixed facilies who kad cone to ‘Reame froa vi fensa—= bad stot up to €95 people belonging to 232 fanily / units. ‘This was the “overall registration figure by the middle of ‘January. . wey : Tho prablen kad its origin in the September 9 decision of the Valted . . HIAS Service and the Joint Distribution Committee aot to provide further financial aid and resettlement to Hussians arriving in Rone . from Israel, When Elas-Rone was unable to accept them, they turned -te IRC, We could not turn then cown, ozebocp had to help thea, . Prior to the year-end influx x, $2 Russ . "+ by our Roze office had left for the U ot, instances, for other destinati , in the United States wa s handled Sy on the ACS Fhllanthrepic musa, Ta2 vest casor by local Jevisn Fasuily Services and the New fuaericaas UYYANA) through the good ofzices erwish refusees processed zat or, ia a very few Of them, resettiesent the vackicg of v were accented ssociatios for ve mee Se) ar ro Tore een 9] on a nd oe 4. us ge ty oe re 1A UF ° Z c a 4 9 pressure of a large tack of our seall Rete. AS a rule, refusees ee oe 2. The chsotic situation brourkt > aud compact group of refugees al .. staff and disrupted our limited 7 @re placed in refugee catzs ia Italy, : Goasi state oe: onle three teeple otera. a ‘ gh 98 Hy ‘on o e4 be to bb ab 0g » Cy be oa be fs 43 ed “threesress office, 2 sho presented le #6 o oe £8 BE , ai 7 a * eft 28 a] fa iw thenselves escm ‘es Y mfivitus . Uareatened with . eviction, ¥e reated @ beare @5 oten ta refeqees. S eple Siscsed oy But these presises the street anc ike trying to listen to hostel of the Salvation We moved, o8 January se et
14-00000 ef Rome whic bs used the ‘dgracion Bevartivent of the Ttallaa ikaisery of Labor for the proc: y35n tp Of Tialian sorters sinned co for ensloymeat 7° \ . scvenes aproat, aad by fae Interqoveranestai Cannigtes for Evropras & Jiiigratios ((ciu) as.acollecttes roeet wrenevor ther: £9 on ICE flignt. t . : : " : : - Ae of February 21 ee ars otill working out of this ares, uasultavie as : it is, since rore permanent and more suitsciea Spaea ecesid not be located. It is “wacertata now tong we will ve persitic 2 to remain there, . . i 3. Xoarcet Acsersoa, our Luropean Director, X¢zynor Jseouson, the Executive ; ~ . Vice President of HIAS, and also the Director of the HtaS-Cex -ey2 office : cane to Rone wnile J was there. It was Garret Acktrson «no bad alerted ‘ws to the uiteaable conditions he hat witnessed in Rove during his previous : . . visit and to the unconasclonabie ourdén ve hod placed on our repr sentatives, oo 4 gade and “violet. xe orach, whose sterling gerfermaace was a Srisht chapter 73 : in what otherwise {s.a disturbing story. . ' fhe IRC staf’, was expanded to seven people curing ny stay ia Italy, Unre= lated to my presence wa3 another evelonzent which enadled us te bring gp modicum of order into the chaos that had prevailed dur ng the first two weeks of Janwiry -- the unexpected ‘stop is tuc flow ef nevenzers whica ececurred on January 17. On that day we learned that Itely had ceased = °° ‘Assuing visas to Russians trying to leave Isracl.. Instead, 211 applicants = ' were told that their requests would be referred to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. As of the writing of this report, only about 2 dozen new cases be. have reached Italy. ‘We hKave not been informed of che selectios criteria, , ‘4f£ any, wWhick led to the issuance of their visas by the Italien Consulate in Israel. In any event, by the middle of Tebrusry ovr overall Aussiaa eagelozd hed risea fron G00 to about 620, of waca about 179 had left for the United Seates or, some, for other pieces, This means that as of now roughly $30 are being teken care of by IRC-Rone, All but about 100 of then appeur to be eligible for adcuissios to the United States and, hopefully, will come here soon, me, 4,- the matter of eligibility for U.S. immigration hinses on the trpe at passport these people nave, Neweeners to Israel whe ‘are absorbed under .. the Law of Return are given light blue passports, marked “Laissez Passer,” ; if they leave Israel within one year of their arrival, They are considered ‘ admissible to the Unitec States uncer the special psrols progran apzroved by the’Attorney Ceneral last year, -Taose who remain loager than one er are acsued Cara blue passports, the sane 23 are given to any other citiz e - of Isitet, Eerrers of these scscsorts beve been ruled inelisittle under the re: ize provisions of our innigration. statues, fresunaoly because the color os i:2@ passport denotes firm resettleneant in Israeh,. This dist:. ction cannot be substantiated, If anrthing, the passpor= m2, indicate a greater cegree cf economia adjustmen dark b u2 p2 stort. In order to obtsta travel cocuments, th cia X i tO repay some extendityeres the J attlL vant, tie also bes ¢t @ 9 Rome, Peonte wns of time, or ho “@ Deen une e vt te ya ced i w fy ub % 4 > & $f gv} fa ioe de +o O % J oo A Qusr i IF oes fa ay wou 4 weed see Go hed 6 hoes “% 9 “ ee $3 af an wars er any a wee fo & be “ tt pe be wrt 3 a rye ae. ue me o- 4 0. a ot ° rr ont pat fe 3 r, o Oo of roe ih ay at rey Ma uy mA Sg ay cs) aeong + ua 12 omy ae ro] oe mE 4 fo «@ eo ee 98 ¢ ra) ‘ rt ee at f % of 4e rr rr a
14-00000 “States “Sa0. ‘a: nigés of hope res “pseendlosy. of deaperatio;. ask. fer ropatriation. ‘to 28 ere beg aning to elaia their. Pigat te be so: inport= nt that the. major. Jewish organizations reactivate’ tuelt favolvé- ‘went with: this snall group: our _of- Israel; that’s way we S241 Saye te. re330% ‘eith the Imaigration anc ‘Matarals gatios Service snen it deniés, refugee. stares faving, in. VYierna’s malzgesse waitiag for permission to $° back to @ussia.- . ¥t is to be noved that tis ‘Emoroved. cousseling mow avait Yale in Austria” a : & reerudescence ‘ef anticSemizic outcourings. an unvorkasle, prinitiva leas? ‘seven years, way, gccaid &e insist that fa anoteer $ Os OE farertevy., tascs oaly ne year aad one, ecy to $2268 VAC chatcal, narro‘ appro3 2 mrsver 29 an unres ve: wishes this simp:? LeCre. reco,n ives nos en fuzre Pr oyran (US5D) wi the, j 94 genprous" uwaes vould pave cot Zansed 1ORZ ago. oe os. Sole retic: operation in Fore We aa: Sia H. ould feat some of sire sovies Yator. Te mernkt. é sgervice not OnLy to “So 5 to enulste rhe Javish- exsap le. téave : Russia. t's. cay it mou to this point would. ke ther wationalliies: ‘to passport holders; and that’s why it would be inportast ‘that other outlets. ‘be opened up ia counts fes like Canada aad nerhaps australis and New Zealand. S$. 1 did not try to tatx to the Bussian. returnees froz Israel sho’ ‘are’ nov Ca Noveuber 20, 1974, ‘ef the 237 peopie fa this group if3 were. stil L inne austria. Teenty-on9 ‘Rad been. accepted by the Soviet Union, nine had gone to other couat: ies, six ret edened: te Zsract and tnree had died. | As for the continuiaz movenent s of Russian ‘yews SRrougn Aus trig, the figures vere ‘particularly nigh during ‘ehe last three FONTS of 237 > orisging: thetr total - weil above tue 36, cs ievel forthe entire ear the arrival rate: drop3e4% 2: “aa Januar? to zbout 2,260 of enon, I was told, mbout EG did aot goon to Israel put requested ne elp ta so to other countries, mainly, tae Unites grat Ser ‘ghey were sent on <o Rone where 28S .ruag 323 exerplary resettlenent progr2s. - will reduce the ponber of tuose who’ proceed to Isreei stthout veins firstly : decided to stay in Israel and make a2 0 of it. .e Sat . e® While fT was in Rone, the Italian press echoed the oil-related overtures of the Italian gaveraceat to several Arab countries, Trere bas also been cris 638 @anossted “in the ICM vork afea ~~ the s32ce he FR Station, and several voluntary agencies, gs in the mail. Tnese tnt explosive device ci 5 we occupy now —= azz gte TRC, receiveac = es and Go 77 ASP: v¢ not free myself fre “gepression teat hom for large grezss oF Jew eto have novhere tc wore to ize United States, acceptance by i542 . ae wUAMA Bould be of great helo. heir “eransit’ in out bevend the avsolute into a stay of tance: - oa New Yor’ x Gsartes Sterssers Pe aco 8 . : Lt og
14-00000 t ae S _ és . . ' a ° Bg Pirin Avoa = ee eee Hew York 17, Bew York — re 7 Dear Leos a oe I was glad to-hove ‘the opportunity to Jf ‘hear about the econtimilag activities of the - oye { -Ainternatioeal Besous Comittee. —— vi Ye are late rested ig. and appreciate your |. kee piog us informed on the various activities. Alien W. Dulles ; Director BO PP/ICD/Prop:Avebater :¥y 20 Jun 56) a mT . Rewritten - 0/DcI (210 Jul 56) ft Rewritten » 0/DCI/JSE ath (12 aul 56) | Distribution: i! ' Orig ~ Addee _ r 1 ~ DCI a q 1 - Reading . hat " 1 = PP/ICD 1 - PP/iCD/Pro lL - RI vie DD/P Siverodta scr tcatindl re BE navn no
14-00000 Cp Bet 28 March 1 1950. . aa goo poke loans mee coat MENORANDUM TO: Anbassador Rarrinan phe lp ets ther: ‘ ~ oe 4 a re rs PRONE: a Ae Be Jolfa pce ; SUBIECTE " International Rescue Conmittes “2 sot eR le "the ‘Internat {onal Rescue Connittes is a  rglief_ es organtiation whichihaa adninistered aid to political victims — oe “> of totalitarian persecution since 1933, for the rost part — . {. whetins of Nazi, Fascist, and ConSuni st persecution, _ Whereas: in the years prior to and during the war most of the recipients of its aid were anti-Nazis, it has never rendered aid to Commnists or Fellow Travellers einp, y because they qualified a8 anti-Nasig. Spek, BAS Or Since 1945 when tho wicting ‘of Kazt porsecution , “gither returned to their homelands or were cared for b other organizations, the International Rescue Committee has devoted most of its attention to Staliniss.  Porescutense +. “The: International Rescue Comittee isa sriyate * organtiating, Attached hereto are specinens of Es literature showing the names of its sponsors and the type . of appeal it. makes to the American public. It 4a currently engaged in a nation-wide f THE TRON € drive in the United States under the banner. ‘of THE IRON URTON REFUGEE CAMPAIGN ¢ ; a none During ‘1949 4,8 Comitttes raised. ‘through’ “private channels approximately $00,000. ing the same period it received a grant from'I.R.O0. of approximately $7255 000,. The » funds available to it, thorefore,; were approximatoly $1,125,000. Overhéada are kept to a minimum, and the ‘total of "fund-raising costs and administrative expenditures are nore. below 10 Pex conte of the otal Fevenuse , La totthgs 4 o3y the work of ‘thé Comtttce ‘constate in helping” escapees froa behind the Iron Curtain. The Comnittea - - maintains officea in Turkey, Austria, Germany, Italy, Sweden, and France. The nature of the aid rendered varies according to circumstance, Persons crossing into the free sones from behind the Curtain who find their way to the Comnittee's | premises may recefve small monay grants, CARE packages, or elothes depanding upon their most immediate needs. ' The + come ene eR OM eaRntiee
74-90000 a B The Conalttea then attox=pts to obtain some kind of Lagat status for these persons throigh the Occupation Authorities, In Italy, Turkey, Sweden, and France, of ; - course, this, problem does not arises ; tty Save ‘The Connittos ’ ‘Goncoras itself only with those aan escapees who show evidence of any genuine belief in =~” denocracy This: general statament, of course, requires ore amplification than this short cemorandum can carrye :- What ig -reant briefly is that the Comittee does not render aid to former Iron Guard{sts and persons of sinilar — political stripe in other satellite countries. In the case of Soviet exiles a "genuine belief in denocracy® is hard ' to determing; and. aa a goneral rule BLA soviet , S8CapOOS m hehe Boone "are. aldeds = ! ow Poses beaten i en Let. = $tneg: ‘the: war ‘the International Rescue Comsittes . has ‘guecocded in bringing to the United States sone of the... x most proainent léaders of the Democratic movements of . . ie ve Eastern. Eurore and. the eyanee ee these can be tered 8) ee Dim 3, (Ormer isader_o Ce] arian Peasant Part _ "2. Bulgariay also prominent Peasant leaders, Social Denocrats * 9 and. Christian Denocrats from Hungary J “Poland, Roumaniay and a acs 2 the Baltic. countries. ro are Wp The Comittee. also ‘brought ‘to ‘the “United States ~ “yy , ~ Pavles sonko, brother of the famous Soviet geneticist mit cand dn eee t the leading coal chemist of the Sovies - “DS Union who Uirected all of the coal research in the Donets Basin, — Many other persons of great potential value to the. : United States have been brought to the United States, and - larga nuczbers of others ara currently being cared for in . Western Europe, among whom for instance is one of the leading Soviet cartographers whom the Comittee has 60 far deen unable ‘to bring to the United Statess he ‘Among other 4mportant persons vhon the Coantttes has : peacutd in Europe can be numbered Ernst & who was. found in hiding in Turkey in 1944 and w: om the Committee” f - pushed to Berlin as soon as that city was occupied. - courage of Ernst Routhor was perhaps decisive in penny the population of. Western Berlin against , Soviet threatse ho". ' "> Another pereon rescued by the Committees was Khe, - Bubar-Neunann widow of the former Gurman Communist leader, a at the: Kraychenko trial on the subject of PES Ea govt Deo .*.
14-00000 Soviot Slaye Canps startled tha world. Bne, Neunann was found in Ravensbruk Concentration Camp by advance Allied . troopse The Comnitteés took her to Sweden where she under. went a long conyalescené¢e, Tha.above examples are tarely - illustrative. Rundreds of people are daily making contact with the Cormmitteets representatives {n Western Etirore Among these may be found representatives. of the intellectual and scientific leadership of Eastern Europe whose. potential value:to the United States cannot be measured. The writer — earnestly believes that this work is of the highest national Anportance to our count Ley and should be expanded. me At: ‘the ‘present. tine the ma jor portion of the funds available to tha Comiittes has been cut off. In anticipation of the closing of I.R8.0., the financial grants which the - - Committed fornsrly- receiyed-have now ceased, This means a loss-of $725,000, which threatens to reduce the Create tion's activities by approximately 60 per conte Such a course is unthinkable, The Comittea is redoubling its private fund~-" raising efforts. in an attempt to make up for the deficlencye But it must ba recognized that in spite of such efforts, 4 is doubtful whether private fund-raising will yield nore than approximately $400,000 to $500,000, which 4s about the © maziou, ant aty, shat, an organization of th his kind can ralsa» ar With the: funds available to. the ‘Comnittes ‘during 1949. it waa ‘possible to do no more than seratch the surface of this vast problem. ‘The need 1s so far greater than-t availability that three or four times this amount would ‘ perhaps not be adequate. It is, however, vital that the. ommittes be not obliged to reduce ita activities. reea be ‘sequently it 4s urged that assistance from other sources 8 obtained at the very least to compensate for the loss of - Ze Re Oe supporte. WE he Sty keen as . . - 6." Attached hereto are ‘ copies. of letters from General Set! and Ambassador Murphy, together with supporting state~. 8 from General Bede. Aoaith and Admiral Byrds. rey an 1) Letter fron Gen. Clay: ae ts obalspes . 2) Letter from Amb, Murphy :. “Robe oe tape ‘2. 3) Statement Adm. Byrd. Pegg antl 4) Statement Ger. Beaol saith ° ordee ) Specimens. of Poseriptiva Mts. oysta ay