WB SOG Doe 0-19 (Rev. 7-17-68) “~ 17"¥ "CARE T. ROWAN Te=Hh leds V3 A society is never jn moore peril than when the people Jose the ability to idontify a genu- ‘ine threat to personal liberty This sociely is in a lot at. peril if we may judge from the public reaction — or lack of it — to courtroom admissions of Za variety of ilegel FRI wire- taps and buggings of homes , and hotel rooms. A Justice Department offi. ; cial ecknowle¢ged in Federal District Court that Dr. Martin Luther Ming wes under elec- tronic surv reillance i in 1963 and ° {1963, and the FBI agent who supervised this surveillance . toid the court “if was my un- | derstanding that it went on after that. ” The whole truth is that Dr. King’s phones were tapped, is hotel rooms beige ‘i, and le @ Was personaly sha Na to tha time ho was slain Memphis on April 4, 1958. ae ont, € Another FBI agont rin Piekatl, tel tha con ion, Texas, thet fur f years he ho qd Estened hours a aay, five duys 2 fo the comverstions 6 Rit EMD, eeder Bleck Muslims. Pickett em- ployed beth a telephone w re tan and a micrcphone planted in Mukemmad’s home. Those casos cf electron! ecsesdicpping, which violat “both federal law and a presi- dential executive order, were oa Ne a cas rascel in a hearing-onfss. bowrsrg “Reet neevyweight champion Cassit's Clay's effort to overturn a five-year pris san sertrce fer his refusal tob drafted These buggin caught some Chey tirs in their tr O” are bela rec! on ch the dl cak wiretors t have moved tis country fe clorer to a aalice sicte tien most Americans realize. Why the bland, indiffercnt reaction on the part of mest Ac.ritans? First, there is the general PFPI justfeatiun for such tac- Ues: “ational security,” Fermer Attorney General Tarcey Clark, who siates em- treehex"y that the FBT had na fa wiretan or bog wf, asserts thal “the fa gs, which COnVersa- aera, De plies. 00 that people thought “- igie zwasa secicity | throat ha avy 1S Glad G seus, " Cia had: a edad ry im Gi os <0, thd term “natisnarse-- i acts : fo hear of the wiretapping and ! bugging of Dr. King. Could ‘ [ ane > Oo” repre nmnrnnen rrvwetat SOUS OLAS METS ECIOR INES APT mn om curity” is more powerful than “motherheod,” for it evokes fear, and men still surrender more things — including iber- ty — cut “of fear than they do out of love, The puzzling thing about Clark’s statement is “that he as though he is surprised Clark possibly have besn una- ivare that F8I officials were going before congressional coramittees and partly justify- jeg larger appropriations by “ee in Hit come conseagemse ‘and feading anli-King arainu- nition to Soi utherners who de- spised the civil rights leader — all by way of revealing tid hits” picked up through the wiretaps and bugeings ? Vas Clark uneware that rer- tain FBI officials were roam- ing the country leaking to ne SWSPaner editors polsensus stories about .Dr. King ard whot the buggings alicgedly had revealed? Everybady else in Was": ton of any consequence Frew it, and many deplored i i, but no one se med to know how to Ego about making the FEI bend to the laws cf the Jand, There is a not-tooilippant ssumption in Washington that Edcar Hoover kas bica FBI ctor for 45 years because all “the recent Presidents have assumed that he knew ico 1 Mince eer-4 JE dire much about thom to be re- placed. So not only was he not Teplaced By any. of the young- J inthe but e FRimts Orme i coarse ci thircs, ban Presiven ns dohrson an uve full it wise or e& ho vstve a law saying ” te ched the rocking-cha2 { Bcover ought fo be replaced tas FBI director — immediate. ly. " As Washington agency heads igo, Hoover may have dorea hotter job than most. But the people of this countty_knew Bt oe ain aft noe on something th time cre in the presid when they-h mited mean misht Servs ency, They Sav > Gonueracy, the porsenal fr. ecvem, , that we have come to tee vias Rs tonne’ 2S eran ws wal an ‘= gery pre ames term rer it Hoo COVEF to te ns dangerous-té have one man serve three full terms as President, it is far more dangerous to have one man take lifetime possession of a powerful  police-investigalive agekcy that prods into the deepest secrets’ of the most prominent, most honored citi- zeus and has the power to dis- eredit, even cestroy, almost anyone. The kind of abuse of and contemp for the law man- ifest in the Kirs and} iuham- mad eavesdropping become alrnost inevitalde when a man is left in a key job es long as if Hoover has been. Were Hoover a more houghtful man, or as con- cerned absut the preservation z ef democracy and Hhorty as his speeches suzeest, he would Rave resized lenge 2g. Ie oud am not keen p g Presi- Gents in the poitical bind of C6i8 ting ta Ksep sim or ease LRiadtut” eee The We Tines Herald The Washington Daily News The Ev The Sunday Star (washingtoa) Daily News (New York) Sunday New York Pust The New Yerk Times The Sun (Baltimore) The Daily Wurld The New Leuder The Wall Strect Journel The National Observer > People’ Examiner (w ishingten) eDeLoach | E’s Mohr . . iv Bishop eT | - Casper x Cellehen : Conrad _ rE Felt ‘Gale {= Rosen | Sullivan a Tavel Trotter Tele. Room Holmes —W =<. i! Gandy ear if | | s Courage to say: “Well done, i thow good and faith‘al sereant, * Ge “0 Thea. nD § on ~~ Sy st “> / ny Daa) ee oo ea oe ee TG fy Lt ~, A to; Sawer” ¢ WY oy -* ~~} Tolson “fit ts clear Heovertar ng intention of resigning. So whea dees the Dresident mistar fhe shincton Poss ening Star Gvashington) News (New York) s Weel
PRep Pep . on a inal m8 we SA ee Se ere I “p>, “7 9 eS " Mney yes 7s a or ee ee “3 po 068 YO iygn rey ate fats IS | NEY MAVEN ¥, Conn, June 15 (2 3-—VYale riversity, pre- jcicting that “7an Mesos Cll anericans yet unborn will echo” its admiration, con- ferred an honorary degree to- "Coy wocn the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr, Dr. King, who heads the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, was released on: bond from the-St. Augustine,. Fla, jail on Saturday, where he had been heid after a civil rights sit-in demonstration. He was one of 13 persons who re- ceived honorary Cegrees ai the University’s 263d commence- “ment. The others included Peace Corps Director R. Sargent Shriver, Uncer Secretary cf tate W. Averell Harriman, Sen. John Sherman Cooper: (R-Ky.) and stage personalities. Alfred Lunt and his whte,: Lynn Fontanne. The University’s ciiation to! Dr. King said: “AS your clog fence has on's Je. Ona MeO kindled the Nat ense of cutirage, so your ste adcast re- fusal to countenence violence in resistance to injustice has| [netehvened our sense of na-| tional shame. \ ‘When outrac2 and shame Peal? ann SAame alta Ae ° on seas tye yAGRl er rate. Glee Gap Ave Beet ye ae ee t ate - e eve UOTE DI OF 2 C2 tigre? caerad an le 6 prteser, SOCAL En we OD fmawseent few ott ae fpor tumty fer @ ecitivens, the t nfoomnee nt tas TINS GL ae yee . ve . ea he eee * ‘ asiw . . eed CUP admircions: 20 F Nw 35097 Doold: 32939551 Page 241 C-~ Belmont Mohr © Casper Callshan eee Evans ZL Gale Qo" Rosen he" {  — Sullived “ Tavele@ Trotter Tele Room Holmes Gandy $7 ? o sf Ly Ay omnes baer t The Washingten Post and Qu Times Heraid The Washington Datiy News The Evening Star New Yore Netalid Tr.bane 7ne New Lecter ww er G@ HGe. CUAL Ole, CL The National Observer People's Waorid Date
Pose meee > ty, Martin Luther King Jr., speaking at the protest, voices demand to “stop the bombing’ iiery oud Read 4 By David S. Broder and William Chapman Washington Pest Staff Writers Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s dramatie bolt into the American peace movement uas provored a long, secret- ww waged strucsle within the ol el rights coalition, engag- in? political forces ranging trom the radical left to top Joenson Administration cir- At sfake is the prestize and influence of the inter- nationally famous Nobel laureate, the direction of erowing anti-war crusades, the future of the civil rights yaovement, and, some feel, the course of Presidential p litics in 1968, Dr. King’s appearancg vesterday at New York's s ;2ace rally was the, focal point of long debate” Even some advisers who urged him to speak out on the war in Vielnam opposed his pnaring that platform with representatives of the New Left and the far-out Old heft. Otber friends cau- toned against submerging evil rights in any part of yhe peace movement. In Washington, Admin- pylionn gauicials, ~ Mg 9551 pehind Peace Woevement Role a partly in search of money and headlines for his Southern Christian Leader- ship Conference after suf- ferinz setbacks in last year's Northern civil rights drives. Some of his long-time ad- mirers complain he is just terribly naive. Through a_ turbulent month of soul-searching, Dr. King himself was uncertain about tactics but never about the basic issues of at- tacking the U.S. war pol- ieies In Vietnam. To one and all, he maintained he has a moral obligation to de- nounce the war. He was under heavy pres- sure from moderates to dis- avow the Fadical left who Page 242 ene xm ene comnts oe we mene Ue - a Acicared Pres 3 XR | wanted him to place all the war blame on the U.S. and to merge unequivocally the movements for peace ani civil rights. Yesterday he did that, say ing “I am not absolving Hanoi nor the Vietcong of their responsibilities” and “I have not urged the mechan- ical fusion of the civil rights and peace movements.” That declaration—which drew boos from some ex- tremists ia the Work throng—placated his moye moderate critics within the civil rights movement antl the Democratie Party, but tt did not end their apprehen- See KING, Ad, Col. 1 NO tae Pan
YeEs 4: “-From Page jie © at. io 2 i ~ ARNON  : HPT a ul Hoga oa a 1 RY ww SL s NY db ak GL ib ad MO = gt mT ge . — JL raw J ve vee tele = meee ah TY, a a a . wo nee ne ne hoa. os 7b tw Tse : aw? ary wee UT 2 kt as vee Pan SIUM one sleamy Reve. Kept the Peace Issbe mint in duty, 18¢3, Before  ¢@snstantiy in frert of hia, 2 odo ossmmathetie Negro trang his lear to snes K i- ea.e1 for a Solreace in Viotnam and Sad he mictht adapt techniques of the civil rights Fvwlest im the reace move- menu “The lonz nizat of War Plust be stopped." he de stared MetOMets, Re Threat Forgotten The thre Parent yar was LLM POSaensy’ at of peace action forzoticn, D.. Kinz talxed of corres- remLng with North Viet- namn’'s Ho Chi Minh, but aides sax he never did, In- seed, he tuok his Southern Christian Leadership Con- Terence into Chicagos ghet- tes and Cleero’s white neigh- borhoeas in the summer of {"85 and suffered a serious ecteat. | The new chapter opened farly this year, with Dr. (ing in Jamaica brooding and writing a book while eet yo asosr aides, the rev. James “Bovel, moved full-lime . into the peace movement as organizer of ihe Spring Mobilization to End the War in Vietnam. According to one SCLC assistant, the Rev. Andrew Young, Dr. King’s ambiva- lence really ended in Feb- ruary when fighting  re- Sumed after the Tet, or Vietnamese lunar New Year, ftruce. “He got very hopeful furing the bombing pause,” Young said, “There seemed to be a mood for negotia- tions andde-escalation. Then everything began to break down. evLwr King got very depressed. ¥ NW 55097 DocId:329a958quldsaay at siren Ly acarast the a“ perarts, vencourasing wre ie raci him to take a Young, as usual, was on side. intexration in this country ts terver af th ‘varly Tdi. Vy élines exeit the killing of ¢9) The two younz ministers on the war. Little progress the Nation’s attention is viersh.o roe in the Sacer “Mobilization, Bevei's He believes there is a “sert of moral dis- now" anl it hes smothered the civil ric “V ‘Bar Sces it fmean when one nated in Aia@iana vihen th te herd Vietcong in Vietnam?” he asserted that Dr. King had a moral obligation to sneak out will be made in civil rights, they suggested, so long as foeused on Vietnam. ne of Three ' Tas seemed ta oe De. King’s own feelings. To many friends he offered his line of reasoning: He is one of three living Negro Nobel Peace-Prize winners. One of them, Albert Lut- huli, is under house arrest in South Africa, and the see- ond, Dr. Ralph J. Bunche, is prevented from speaking out because of his position as Undersecretary for Po- litical Affairs at the United Nations. Only he, Dr. King asserted, is free to open a debate on Vietnam. But other close advisers were giving Dr. King a dif- ferent view. Moderate lead- ers argued that open = en- dorsement of a peace move- ment could cripple the eause of civil rights. It fur hose white ang, supoort- Wedlatey Ror ; @ —,/ “mT lithic Tovement’——~—. Furthermore, ther puryted out, Dr. King, as the most vistip and = popular el} ights spexesman, could not rags a oa) marlf iq tha nuh. * i ere Serre er i a oad Ye. fee oe ny . ‘ - a oom q Ge as a yrs ot oom tryomeort a) ane , .¥ . . . . 2 sc ek a Ns ts et eeronelivy 4  Tronawaes, one advuser ist ing caution was Bayard Rus- tin, a veteran pacifist jas weil as ¢ivil rishts 5 spokes: man who «nee was director of the War Resisters’ League. Resoring to a reverse-twist argument, Rustin recalled that he onee had been told by the Leasue’s offie:als that he cuuld not spend time on civil richts end cantinue as pacifist leader. King-Young Split One crisis erupted early in March during an ancuish- ed telephone conversation between Dr. King and Whit- ney M. Young Jr., executive directeur of the National Ur- ban League. Both had ap- peared one evening before a Great Neck, L.I, audience and split publicly on the war issue, with Young opposing a “mixture” of the civil rights and peace movements. Late that night, Dr, King called Young at home. The two men artued until 3:20 ain. Dro Rint aid ne Wes disturbed at their fallin’ out and insisted that as k elergyman and citizen he had a moral obligation to attack the war. Young, in reply, was blunt Vy a _ and tough. He told Dr. King that his world-wide influence was not as a theologian. He had influence, Young said, because of ail the little peo- ple who believed in him, and marched behind him in eivil rights movement. It war not right to use that influ-nce for some other purpose, Young declared. Yactically Wrong. Furlhermere, he Deis Ww ~ ee ENS Wa wren in telling arsue f, seanie that domesiie secial pragrams, « “oh pe ant’ TE, meer rei. Aart Qe ven sep wee be Put fe Flas Bos wre ”~ “Vs > sue W as whether he cooperate In the Sprinj Mohbilication rely that tack piace yesterday, Rand asacet Bevei aud YounzZ on that point were most of Dr. Kinc’s older at- visers. The Saturday raiy, they argued. was open to unvone, and its supporters included groups far to the left, including the Ameria. Communist Party. Ther? woutd be avowed svmpke- thizers of the Vieteong 1 the crowd: U.S. official would be denounced as Nazi: like warmongers; President Johnson would be pictured as a murdcrer of chiidzen. True, more moderate peace groups would he there, but the radicals with their Vicet- cong flacs would attract he news media. Dr. King’s { involvement would mean a severe setback for  civik yishts, these advisers warned. The infernot arcuments led tu an eviaing-long dis cussion one Sunday in the W. 82d Street apartment of Allard 3. Lowenstein, a wealthy young liberal law- yer who is on the board of Dr. King’s SCLC. Among those present were the Rev. Andrew Young;, Norman Thomas, the Social-; | ist leader; Dr. John C., Ben! | nett. president ‘of the Union® Theological Seminary; Rus+ tin: Lowenstein; larry H. Wachtel, Dr. King’s attorney, 1 and several others. The disecussion—amicable and statesmaniike” accord- ing to one present—ranged ever all fh af the Spring Mobilization ratty. | » rs 2 14a we er