so that one will have in one sub-file every FBI Laboratory report that has been submitted. A Similar sub-file can be opened up which should contain Latent Fingerprint Section communications. Of course, a photograph file is also opened and maintained similar to that of the exhibit file. The opening of the main investigative file and these sub-files, of course, is to conform with Bureau instructions relative to the operations of a CCO, and the items appearing in these sub-files, of course, are serialized, stamped, initialed, and so forth, and are indexed. The main purpose in having such sub-files referred to above is so that during the early stages of the investi- gation of the major case, one can readily "put his finger" on certain communications or correspondence that the person in charge or his assistants may want to quickly or readily refer to. Each major case may present different problems and in some types of cases one may want to open additional sub-files which again should contain only a copy of the communications or memorandum. For example, in almost every kidnaping case much investigation will be conducted relative to identifying the type of paper, and it has been found that in addition to filing the original and copy of the communi- cation or memeorandum in the main investigative file that ~ll- NW 55044 Doocld: 32989526 Page 163
an extra copy be designated for a sub-file which can be entitled "Ransom Paper Project." The Agents handling that particular phase of the investigation will readily have available in one sub-file copies of all communi- cations relating to that phase. The same would apply to possibly identifying a typewriter if a typewriter was used in the preparation of the ransom letter or letters. After the regular investigative file and whatever sub-files that are needed are opened, the prebien arises as to seeing to it that the information appearing in these files can be readily found and located when needed, By this time, some clerical employee will have . ) been designated as the Chief Clerk of the "special," or, as in some cases, a regular Chief Clerk will be brought in to the office where the "special" is being handled and at that time indices will have to be set up and organized. The regular index in the ordinary CCO is broken down alphabetically by the name of the person or firm and then there will be indices for motor numbers of automobiles, guns, and a few other items; however, in connection with a "special," the Chief Clerk or one of the other clerks who will handle that phase should be instructed to immediately set up a number of other type of guide cards. For example, index cards will, of course, be filed alphabetically; ped Ponte SaSeGe26—Page 166
automobiles will be indexed and filed by motor number. The same should apply. for guns, typewriters, and other items. In other words, special guide cards should be placed therein, for example, "Guns," "Typewriters." As the case goes along, one may want other breakdowns and guide cards can be placed therein. For example, guide cards can be made for the words "Bodies," "Bloody Cars," "Evidence," "Phone Numbers,'' and numerous other items. . In connection with the indices maintained in a "special," one should see to it that such items are marked for’ indexing and are indexed because as the case progresses many times an individual will recall some incident relating to a bloody car or a telephone number or to something else but cannot recall the name of the person involved; however, by having such breakdowns in the indices, one can readily refer to them and find the communication in question. In addition, instead of making one index card, two index cards should be made. For example, Serial #1 will probably contain a memorandum of a Special Agent to the SAC reflecting that a Mr. JOHN SMITH, for example, of say Jones and Company, phoned and stated that his nephew, JOHN BLACK, was believed kidnaped and that JOHN BLACK is the president of Black Corporation. [In ~ 13 - NW 55044 Docid: 32989526 Page 165
connection with this particular memorandum, which would be Serial #1 probably, one would readily see that the individual marking such communication for indexing will underline all four of the above names and duplicate index cards should be made with a little identifying data on each card, and the copy of these index cards will be filed in the "speical" indices while the original . will subsequently be forwarded to the main CCO in that particualr field division for filing in their main and permanent indices. The CCO of the field division, not the temporary special CCO, when they receive the above original four _ ) cards, should receive instructions that they are to search those cards, and if there are any references, they should be placed on the Indices Search Slip, FD-160, and returned to the "special squad" so that they can be assigned out and such references reviewed to determine whether or not any of the information may be of interest or value to the regular office or to the "special squad." The regular CCO should also be instructed that after they have once received the index card, for example, on JOHN BLACK, and the clerk notes that there already has been a card filed referring to the "special case," they need not send back any additional Indices Search ) Slips, but only when they receive an index card bearing ~ 14. NW 35044 Doocld: 329599526 Page 166
; i $9526 Page 167 a new name which has not been indexed to the "special case." Say for example, the first memorandum, or Serial #1, made reference to the person phoning in stating that he had heard there was a "body" found in a certain lake and that he did not know whether that body might belong to the victim or not. The person marking communications for indexing would, of course, underline the word “body" in blue so that the clerks in the temporary CCO handling the "special" would then know that Serial #1 should be indexed under the caption of "Body." This procedure should like- wise be followed for any similar breakdowns as mentioned above. In addition, the CCO in charge of the "special squad" should obtain a file box, 44 x 5% x 10", in which 3"x5" cards can be filed. In this box there should be prepared guide cards for each of the field offices and they should be filed in alphabetical order, including guide cards for legal attaches, as weil as a separate guide card for the Bureau and a separate guide card for the office in which the "special" is being handled: for example, Volume I which contains Serial #1, mentioned heretofore, which is a memorandum of a Special Agent in that office prepared for his SAC. The 3"x5" index card behind the office, for example, Denver, where the special -~ 15 -
is being handled, should have typed in the center of the 3"'x5" card, on top, "Denver." On the first line on this card should be placed a little resume as to that particular serial. For example: "S.1 SA BROWN memo 6/1/60, SAC re JOHN SMITH phoning re disappearance of JOHN BLACK. For example, Serial #2, in Volume I, would probably be the office teletype to the Bureau or would be a memorandum reflecting a phone call to the Bureau, and the guide card marked "Bureau" will have an index card and similar information will be placed on that card for Serial #2. ) As the volumes containing the investigative file are made and each contains 25 serials, one of the clerical employees should be designated to see to it that this particular index box, with cards, is maintained up-to-date and as quickly as possible. The purpose of this particuiar box of cards is to show what communication has been sent to or received from a particular office or to the Bureau. For example, the Bureau guide card will later on have a number of cards and one can, by readily looking at these cards, get a resume or idea as to the gist of those communications referred to, and if the person in charge or one of his assistants asks for a particular piece of correspondence, by checking this special indices one can ) - 16 - NW 55044 Doocld: 32989526 Page 166
readily find the same. It is to be noted that separate index cards are | not made for each serial. For example, behind the guide card marked "Bureau" will be at first only one index card and on that index card will be typed a resume of the contents of the communications, say, for example, for ten different serials, and that card, of course, is marked in the upper right-hand corner "1." When that card is filled, card "2" is placed behind it, card "3," and so forth, To reiterate, the person in charge asks for a com- munication received from the Miami Office three weeks previously and one can go to this index box, look behind "Miami," look up and down the few cards that are there, and can readily locate the communication he is interested in, In this box the section for the office where this "special" is being worked out of will, of course, have numerous cards and it has been found on many occasions to be of assistance to refer to that guide card, say, for example, "Denver," when looking for some communications, especially when the name of the person is not recalled, and by glancing up and down these cards one will quickly and readily find the communication desired. One clerical employee can generally be kept busy merely handling this phase of the project, as such employee, as new volumes are made, will take a volume and take this index box with the ~ 17 - MW 54044 Docid:32999525__p
* cards and add such information on the necessary cards. To - further: explain it, for example, the New York Office sends a communication into the Denver Office reflecting an inter- view with THOMAS JONES, This communication, after being serialized, is noted by the clerk who will add the serial number onto the index card of the New York Office showing that serial number so and so relates to interview with THOMAS JONES, Going back to the special indices which are being maintained, it was mentioned before that the original card will go to the front office or to theCCO in that division while the copy will be retained in the special indices, The special indices, of course, should be informative and should not merely contain the name of ‘an individual, an automobile, an address, or something like that, and-the serial number to which it relates. For example, the inspector's assistant or No. 1 man, or whatever title he has, who handles the mail consisting of teletypes, reports, airtels and memoranda, generally should mark for indexing, by underlining in blue pencil, what items in that communication he believes should be indexed. Of course, at first, preference should be given to over-indexing, and by that is meant that in a particular communication almost every name, whether of ) -~ 18 - NW 35044 Doold:i32989526 Page i70 OOO = mes geen
an individual or a firm, should be indexed. On many occasions telephone numbers of suspects or underworld characters should be marked for indexing, as well as possibly their addresses. In the meantime, of course, the special indices will have guide cards for such telephone numbers, addresses, and so forth. [In addition, if the communication makes reference to a body or to some other item, that should be marked for indexing. In other words, when that piece of correspondence leaves the desk of the inspector's assistant, No. 1 man, or whatever he is called, it is underlined in blue and, of course, is marked with other notations as to a copy being designated for a certain Agent or a lead slip to be made, and so forth, and these items will be mentioned later. If a capable clerical employee is obtained, such employee can be given instructions as to how to maintain the informative index, and after such employee gets the "knack," that employee can handle this phase of the work, thereby Saving the services of a Special Agent who would otherwise have to dictate the same to a stenographer. Such clerical employee in the temporary CCO of the "special," when he gets that communication, will, if there has been no previous index card made, make two index ecards for the name of the suspect. The original, as mentioned before, will go to the regular CCO in that division; however, on these two cards the clerk will type a brief narrative, ~ 19 ~ NW 35044 Doocld: 329599526 Page i7i
- for example, that Serial 25 reflects the suspect THOMAS WHITE was interviewed by the New York Office on a certain date and established an alibi. If the communication made reference to a body being found in a lake, the clerk would automatically know that under the guide card for "Bodies" there would be an index card and on that index card he would put a sentence or two reflecting what that communication said regarding the body referred to therein. In other words, a clerical employee properly instructed can maintain this special indices which has been set up for the "special squad." In addition, if these clerical employees are instructed properly, they will be always on the alert for tying ) in names, addresses, telephone numbers, and other items as such information is being recorded on such cards. . For example, the indices may have a card for a certain individual being an ex-convict and as being a possible suspect. A week or two later another communication comes to that clerk's attention wherein references is made to a similar name of an individual who might have had a suspicious car in his possession. As those two names are matched up, an alert clerical employee will call it to the attention of someone who can determine what further action can be taken. The person in charge of the clerical employees, who can be referred to as the temporary Chief Clerk, will, of course, see that the communications, memoranda, and so forth are serialized ~ 20. NW 35044 Doocld: 329599526 Page if2
and disseminated into the proper files or sub-files and so forth, and will also see that the operation of the temporary CCO is being handled in accordance with Bureau instructions for a regular CCO. A fourth clerical employee will always find other . Similar duties and, as mentioned before, if at least four clerical employees are assigned at the start, one can, as a rule, keep up with the indexing, serializing and recording, as this is an im- portant phase of the Bureau's work, and if there are not enough clerical employees, these matters get behind and one will never get caught up. Bulky exhibits, of course, should be filed and retained in accordance with existing Bureau instructions, and in some cases it is advisable to obtain a large metal cabinet into which can be placed items and evidence which is obtained in connection with the "special." This locked cabinet should, of course, be located in the temporary CCO so that such items are available to the Agents on the "special" rather than having to go into the special room generally maintained by the office in question. In connection with "special" assignments, it is well to immediately notify all offices to furnish at least three copies of all reports, teletypes, airtels, memoranda, and so forth, in order that an extra copy may be available for the sub-files if occasion arises. MW 35044 Doold: 32969526 Page i732
SETTING UP OF LEAD BOXES ON SPECIAL ASSIGNMENT CASES In connection with a special assignment in a field division, the official in charge of the special assignment will generally designate a Special Agent to handle the leads. The first thing that should be done is to obtain. about eight wooden or metal index card boxes, 4hx5hx10", which Will contain 3"x5" index cards. The first box to be set up should be a box containing guide cards and these guide cards should contain the typewritten name of each Agent who is going to work on the "special." Naa! On a special assignment a number of Special Agents will be brought in from other offices and, as a rule, a certain number of Special Agents from the local office in which the crime was committed will be assigned to work under the inspector in charge or other Bureau official. At first, one generally is not acquainted with all personnel and it is a good idea to prepare these guide cards by color, possibly type the name of the Agents in on special assignment on a card which will have a white background and say, for example, the Agents assigned to the local office will have a green background tab. (The person handling the leads will then readily know as to what Agents are local Agents and as to what Agents are visiting, which will greatly assist him at the commencement of the case. ) —~ 22 ~ NW 35044 Doold: 32989526 Page i74
In addition, at the end of the guide cards should be set up guides for the Resident Agents who from time to time will be covering leads in connection with this "special." This box, of course, containing these guide cards, should be marked "Agents." Another similar box should be set up containing guide cards for the Bureau and all offices. These guide cards should be filed alphabetically, with the Bureau | guide card at the front. As it will be noted, the above two index boxes relate to Special Agents and to offices, and into these two boxes will be placed the lead cards, to be described hereinafter, which are prepared for a Special Agent covering a lead or for a particular office which has been requested to cover a lead. In addition to these two boxes, sometimes the individual handling this phase of the investigation might desire to have two similar extra boxes made; that is, one for the Special Agents and one for the Bureau and field offices, in order that a copy of the lead slip, after the lead has been covered, can be placed behind the Agent's name or behind the office; however, maintaining these two boxes involves extra work and sometimes is not essential. The two or three extra lead card boxes should then have placed therein guide cards under -~ 23 i i ‘ Page i75
various headings, which will be explained in more detail hereinafter. After the inspector or Bureau official handling the case looks over each piece of correspondence, such as teletypes, airtels, letters, memoranda, or reports, he will generally make some notations thereon as to "leads," or other comments as to what he believes should be done or not done and after he initials it, it is routed on to the Special Agent assigned to reviewing same to make up leads. For example, an airtel will come in from an eastern office stating that someone there reported JOHN BROWN as being a suspect inasmuch as JOHN BROWN | ) is an ex-convict and lives in the same city where the crime occurred. On this communication, for example, an airtel, a notation is made, such as; "Make suspect lead card," The conmunication is then marked for indexing with blue pencil and such pertinent information will be underlined, such as the suspect’s name, possibly his address or telephone number, license number of his car, if given, and motor number of car, if given. If it is known to whon the lead is going to be assigned, the second copy should then contain the name of the Agent who will get the lead and a notation is made thereon: “Lead slip to follow." {f there is any question as to the handling of that lead, and so forth , there will be written opposite ~ DA MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page i176
the name of the Agent a notation to see the particular Special Agent assigning that lead. The original of this communication, which will contain possibly comments or notations of the inspector or Bureau official handling the case, as well as the blue markings, and so forth, should always be retained in the investigative file and the second copy should be charged out to the Agent who is to handle the lead. The third copy, of course, can likewise be retained in the investigative file unless some reason exists that the third copy should be placed in one of the sub-files previously discussed, and if so, a notation is made on the original and copy of the effect that a copy has been designated for a particular sub-file,. The communications, memoranda, and so forth, after being properly marked for indexing, and so forth, will then be picked up by the Chief Clerk handling the special assignment and that party will serialize these communications into volumes containing only 25 serials apiece. As mentioned heretofore, these volumes will then be taken by the other clerical employees and index cards will be prepared, as related previously. The Special Agent or individual handling the leads will also several times a day take these particular volumes and dictate lead cards. For example, an Agent will pick up Volume V, ~ 35 - MW 35044 Doocld:32959526 Page if?
5 : 7 containing Serials 101 to 125. This volume, which has 425 serials, will have the original of each communication in it; that is, the teletype, report, memorandum, or airtel, and, aS mentioned above, the same will have notations as to which communications lead slips should be made for. The Agent will then dictate lead slips to a stenographer and the lead slips should be typed in triplicate and not in duplicate, In the upper right-hand corner, of course, will be the file number and the serial number to which the communication relates. On the left-hand side shouid be the city or village in which the lead is to be covered. In the center of the lead card will be placed the sub- heading; for example, as mentioned in the above communi- cation, the suspect's name would be placed in the center | with the word "Suspect" after it. The S4gent dictating the lead should then give a little resume as to what the lead is about and if any specific instructions are to be given. For example, say that SA BROWN was routed the copy of the communication referred to above which had a notation for him to either see the “lead man" or else it might have the notation; "Lead slip to follow." In dictating this lead, one would © say something as follows after having the above three headings filled in on the lead slip; that is, city, suspect, serial number: NW 35044 Docld: 32989526 Page iff
"SA BROWN has copy above reflecting Mrs. MABEL WHITE, 1000 Peach Street, City, phoned on a certain date and believed above should be considered as suspect inasmuch as he is ex-convict and lives in vicinity where victim worked or lived. Check office and special case indices. Ascertain whereabouts pertinent date. Show photo, compare prints, handle as regular suspect." After the stenographer types this lead, consisting of three copies, it is advisable to blockstamp either the front or back of it and place the Agent's name to whom the lead is assigned on all three copies. If one knows that a certain Agent is to get the lead, he can dictate that to the stenographer at the same time and she can type the Agent's nane and date on the lead in addition to the blockstamp. | When this lead is dictated, a notation is then made on the original communication that this lead was dictated and one can merely write the word "done" with his initials and date after the notation: "Make suspect lead slip." When these leads are returned by the stenographer, the original, of course, should be placed in the lead box for “Agents" behind the name of the Agent in question. MW 35044 Docld: 32959526 Page i75
The second copy of this same lead is then routed to the Agent who is to handle the lead or investigation. One will still have a third copy of this lead and, as mentioned above, there will be extra lead card boxes and inasmuch as this lead relates to a particular suspect, an index tab card should be made on which will appear the name of this suspect and that is filed in the lead box slpha- betically and the third copy of the lead slip will be placed behind that. In other words, if an inquiry is made as -to who was handling a certain suspect, one can go to this box and look under the name of the person - suspect, and there will be a copy of that lead slip in that section reflecting the name of the Agent to whom assigned, In some major cases one may have many, many suspects who have to be investigated and checked out and there will be a number of these tab cards with the name of the suspect appearing thereon. As each "special" case develops, one may want to have different projects or breakdowns. For example, one may want to have a breakdown entitled "Crime Scene," w ct LES} Ho) ct bi Qo a} <7 in regard to the crime scene inve and as these leads are made, the original, as mentioned above, is placed behind the Asent's name, the second copy ) - 28 - | MW 35044 Doold: 32869526 Page 160 ;
is given to the Agent, and the third copy goes behind the section entitled "Crime Scene." By picking up these leads behind the section "Crime Scene,".one may readily note or observe what Agents have assignments that relate to that particular matter. For example, one may desire to set up a subsection | entitled "Hats," inasmuch as a hat may have been found at 3 the scene of the crime, Although one Agent may possibly be assigned to handle and coordinate the hat project, still there might be a hundred leads made for individuals to be checked out who bought or owned Similar hats. One can see that as these leads are made up and assigned to say twenty Agents, the original lead slip is behind the Agent's name, the second copy goes to him, and the third copy would go behind the subsection "Hats." Each special assignment case presents its own problems as to what subheadings have to be placed into ‘these lead box sections and the following are a few: Victim's home affairs Victim's business affairs Victim's route men Typewriter project Paper project Dodge project Bloody car project ~ 29 - __ETWl : : 26 Page 181
Body project Hideout project Terrain search project "By having these leads set forth above, one can 7 look into the one box for Agents and readily account for, and observe, each lead that is assigned to that particular Agent or what project he is handling or working on, Hach Special Agent working on the squad, of course, will have the second copy of the lead slip and at any time he can be called to the desk and have his leads compared and checked with the ones appearing behind his name. . | The third copy, aS mentioned above, will be in , the various ‘boxes under the various projects. ) If possible, it is best to line up the’ suspects ~ and projects in alphabetical order; that is, the first sub-card could be for a suspect named JOHN ABBOTT, the next sub-—card in back of him could be MIKE BLACK, the third sub-card would be "Crime Scene," In other words, these sections of the index boxes should be placed alphabetically if possible. | By having the above type of setup, one can readily find or know who is working on certain projects or who is handling certain suspects. | When an Agent handles a lead, say, for example; on a certain suspect, and he dictates, it is well to have ) -~ 30 :- NW 35044 Docld: 32989526 Page i162
Nel 55044 instructions issued to have the Agent's lead card, which is the second copy, marked by him that it is either covered or done and have him place his initials in the blockstamp and give it to the stenographer so it will accompany the memorandum or stencil or communication: that he has prepared, and when it comes back over the desk, that lead slip is then noted, If it is marked "done" or "covered," the original lead slip behind the Agent's name in the Agents' lead box should then be removed. If one has the extra box, described above, con- taining the guide cards for Agents' names, this original can then be placed in that box, which can be referred to as a "closed" box, behind the Agent's name. If this box is maintained, it gives a ready reference as to all leads that have been assigned to an Agent while working on the "special;" however, as a rule, it does not serve any other purpose and sometimes is not used. With the original lead slip being filed in the box referred to above, one should then go to the other lead box, under the name of the suspect, which will contain the third copy of.the lead slip. That lead slip can then be destroyed and it should be replaced with the second copy of the lead slip containing the Agent's initiais and notation that the lead was done. Say, for example, one wants to note or obtain a brief resume as to what was developed at the crime scene area, one can refer to the index box and look at all of - 31 - Docld: 32989526 Page i155
the lead slips behind "Crime Scene," and if and when that investigation is done, all of those lead slips should be © marked "done" or "covered" and have the Agent's initials thereon, and by looking at this group of lead slips, one will get a brief resume as to whom was talked to in that area or what evidence was found, and so forth. Once in a While one will ask as to what was the name of a certain person interviewed down near the crime scene, and by glancing through these closed lead slips, one can possibly come up with the name as it will probably appear on one of the leads. Nu As mentioned previously, one will aiso have a lead box containing leads for other offices, which lead box should have guide cards filed alphabetically. In~ structions will have to be given to the stenographers first that whenever they prepare a teletype, airtel, or letter, they should prepare an original and one copy of a lead slip for that office, which lead slip is pre- pared in a Similar manner to that prepared for leads to Agents; however, in the upper left-hand corner instead of having the name of the city or village, there should appear the name of the office which will be covering the lead and not the name of a particular city in a field division. Say, for example, an Agent handling TOM BROWN ~ Suspect, has information which has to be checked out and -~ 32 - MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 164 ji
a verified by another office. He will dictate an airtel setting forth his information and specific lead. ‘The stenographer, after being instructed, will automatically prepare this lead slip with a little resume of the information appearing thereon, and as that airtel comes over the desk, and after being signed, the copies with the lead slip will be routed on to the CCO handling the special assignment; however, it is advisable to make a notation in the lower left-hand corner, on the top of the copies, for example, "NYC lead made." The lead slip is not detached but goes along with the copies of the correspondence, and in the CCO handling the special project, after that communication is serialized, the serial number is placed on these two lead slips, in pencil, and then the lead is sent back to the desk and, of course, the original of the lead will be placed behind the tab, for example, "New York," and the second copy of the lead will be placed behind the tab for that particular suspect in the lead Box. The Agent handling this suspect or dictating the airtel does not need a copy of this lead for the reason that he should be aware as to what he is doing and has done regarding that suspect, He also knows that at any time he can come to the desk and look in the index lead box and look behind the name of his NW 55044 BDoeld: 32989526 Page 155 ev od
suspect and he will see copies of the various leads that have been made in connection with that suspect and will give him a bird's-eye view as to what leads are outstanding in other offices regarding his suspect. By having this office lead box, one can keep tab on other offices to see that they are covering all leads they have been instructed to handle, and if such Leads are delinquent, their attention can be called to same by routing slip or other communication, When a particular office covers a lead and their communication comes over the desk, the original lead slip behind the name of that office is then pulled and it is advisable to make a notation thereon, for example, "Done NYC airtel (certain date)." Inasmuch as that lead makes reference to a certain suspect, the guide card for the name of the suspect should be referred to and the original lead slip can be placed behind that guide card reflecting the investigation was done. | As mentioned above, the remaining copy, instead of being destroyed, can be placed in the "closed" box for all offices, which will give one a picture of what leads other offices have covered. AS will be noted from the above lead cards © and boxes, if someone is later on interested in re- 7 checking back on a particular project or suspect, - 34 - MW 55044 Docld: 32999526 Page 166
he can look in the lead boxes, under the name of the suspect, to determine what leads have been set out and, of course, they will contain the serial number which he probably wants, or else he can go to the regular indices which are maintained in the CCO for the "special squad" and check those indices, which will give a resume as to the different communications. Especially at the start of the investigation, many leads will be made, some of which may not need to be covered later and many leads will be unassigned. An index box or two will have to be obtained and proper breakdowns or sub- headings placed therein, for example, "Suspects," "Dodge Car Project," "Typewriter Project," and so forth. The leads, as they are typed, consisting of three copies, and which are unassigned, will then be placed behing the respective sub- headings, such as "Typewriter Project," "Hat Project," and so forth. As investigation progresses, one can then look in these lead boxes and see what leads should be assigned as they are filed behind the various subheadings. As one knows, in a special assignment case more important leads have to be handled at first, but some types of leads cannot be handled until certain phases of other in- vestigations have been completed, and if there are special leads like this, they should be placed in a separate subheading, properly marked and identified, to be given special attention later on when an active or open investigation is made. My 55044 Doold: 32989526 Page i687 /
In regard to lead cards or slips being retained for a minimum of thirty days and thereafter being destroyed at the discretion of the officer in charge of the investigation, it is believed well to retain all such lead slips until the case has actually been disposed of and closed, as oftentimes reference is made to inquiries that were made many months previously. -~ 36 . MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 156 .
LAW ENFORCEMENT LIAISON MAJOR CASE AND KIDNAPING TRAINING In any major case, including kidnaping, close liaison would be established with law enforcement agencies in the area where the crime was committed. This liaison should include closest possible relationship with state, county and city police, to insure that any information coming to the attention of these agencies is obtained without delay. To effect this coverage the inspector or official in charge of the investigation will immediately assign Special Agents, probably ona twenty-four hour a day basis, to the headquarters of the city police depart- ment, the state police headquarters; and in a case which occurs in a rural county, to the appropriate county sheriff's office, Initial arrangements should be made through the head of the respective department. Ideally, some officer in each police agency will be assigned to handle the case for his department. At the time of the initial contact, the Agent should explain the necessity of his being immediately advised of all information possibly related to the case. The Agent should request that instructions be issued that information received should be immediately brought to the Bureau Agent's attention. It should be specifically requested that all communications, such as telephone calls and letters, be referred to a particular officer's office and that all individuals calling in person at the department be sent to that office so that the Agent will be able to immediately obtain and furnish the information to the Number 1 Man on the case. By 35044) PDoold: 32989526 Fage 165
It should be pointed out that the information desired should include any reports pertaining to suspicious persons who could have committed the offense. The officers should be requested to furnish the identity of any _ individual and any information in their records concerning individuals in their jurisdiction who have come to their attention and who might be considered suspects. They should also be requested to furnish information concerning missing persons or the disappearance of persons from the area under suspicious circumstances, particularly when these occurred at the time of the crime. | The officers should be alerted as to the items which might be pertinent to the case and should be requested to be on the lookout for and to furnish any information concerning abandoned automobiles, as well as reports as to the location of clothing, guns, typewriters, jewelry or other items found, which might be connected with the case. The officers should be requested to immediately advise of any reports received of automobiles containing bloodstains or of any unanswered suspicious reports pertaining to bloodstains anywhere. The officers should be requested to report murders and suicides, and it should be pointed out that advice is particularly desired if a report is received of a finding of a body that is possibly the victim. Arrangements should be made to instruct all patrolmen, investigators and dispatchers so that if a report of the finding of a body is received, the member receiving this initial information should see to it that nothing is done to disturb the area, and also insure the area is closely guarded and not disturbed. NW 55044 Docld:32989526 Page 150 ~2-
The police should be asked to preserve the crime scene until Bureau Agents arrive and make a thorough crime-scene search. In cases of sheriff's offices or other rural police, it may be well to point out the advisability of having available about 500 feet of rope for possible use in protecting the area where the body is found. There will be other special projects that the Agents will be required to handle at the local law enforcement offices, which might include: (1) Examination: of stolen car and stolen license reports and a check to see if any of these stolen automobiles or licenses could have been used in the crime. Particular attention should be given to cars stolen before the crime and not yet located. (2) A check may be required of Auto Theft Bureau records for suspicious‘ automobiles of a particular make or description similar to automobiles observed in the vicinity of the crime - scene. (3) A check of identification records of the various departments would be required on all suspects developed during the investigation of the various projects. Under an ideal situation when the Bureau enters a maj or case, the law enforcement body in whose area the offense occurred would state they were taking no action independent of that being taken by the Bureau, that they would turn all information over to the Bureau and would render all possible assistance to. the FBI. ~ 3 os MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 191
| HW 55044 Doold:32989526 Page i152 In the Coors kidnaping case, however, the sheriff in whose county the offense occurred, even though his department was conducting little or no active investigation, furnished stories to the press, radio and television on a daily basis, claiming to be making inquiries and to be investigating clues. The sheriff himself was soon determined to be thoroughly unreliable and uncooperative. On the other hand, his undersheriff, NA, and Captain of Investigations, both competent and reliable officers, were completely cooperative. Liaison was set up with the undersheriff and Captain of Investigations, and no contact was had with the sheriff on official matters. The Agent should furnish no information concerning the case to local officers other than such information as is necessary to carry out a specific inquiry. In other words, information should be furnished only on a "need-know" basis. Any inquiry by the local officers as to the status of the investigation could be answered by replying that the case is still under active investigation, but that any pertinent developments of interest to local authorities will be made known to them. It should be borne in mind that local law enforcement officers and other local officials will possibly not afford proper secrecy to information pertaining to major cases which have publicity appeal due to the interest of these officers and officials in politics and in receiving publicity. Experience has shown that each department has its chain of command in such a way that subordinate officers must advise their superiors of significant information. Then too, in a major case agreements ~4-
will exist between the various agencies as to action to be taken. For instance, if a body of a victim is located in a particular county, the coroner will immediately advise the sheriff and the District Attorney. These local officials most likely will immediately advise the press media. From the above, it is apparent that all possible arrangements must be made to protect the crime scene and as thorough an investigation conducted of the area as possible prior to the arrival of the coroner, Sheriff and District Attorney, as the entry of these individuals into the case will preclude any further possibility of investigating without being hampered by press and curiosity seekers. When a major case such as a kidnaping occurs, members of the press will be stationed on a twenty-four hour a day basis at the headquarters offices of the law enforcement agencies in the area. Any Bureau Agent stationed at these headquarters must take every precaution to be sure that no remark or action on his part provides a story prejudicial to the best interests of the case. Kidnapings, of course, are ordinarily cases of national interest, therefore every local politician may desire to get into the picture in order to enhance his political future. For instance, the Sheriff and District Attorney of the county in which the kidnaping occurred will undoubtedly attempt to drain every possible iota of publicity out of the kidnaping without any consideration as to whether or not their seeking of publicity interferes © -~-5- NW 35044 Docld: 32989526 Page 1593 ~
with the conduct and investigation of the case. For example, a kidnaping may occur in one county and the remains of the victim may be found in a second county. In such a case it becomes necessary to have arrangements in both counties to handle any situation which might arise. In the Coors case, the District Attorney and the Sheriff of the county in which the kidnaping occurred, as well as the county in which the remains of the victim were found, were all publicity seekers. Under the laws of the State of Colorado, when any human remains are discovered the coroner of the county must be notified immediately. In COORNAP, a man who was firing a pistol in the county discovered the clothes of the victim and immediately reported his finding to the Denver Office. This, of course, presented the problem as to whether or not the coroner of the county in which the clothes were found should be notified. If so, it would be incumbent on the coroner to immediately notify the District Attorney of his county. This problem was resolved by maintaining absolute silence and taking twenty-six Agents into the wooded area and making a thorough search for skeletal remains. This silence was maintained for three days. Meanwhile, such bones as were found were submitted to a pathoiogist who agreed to maintain absolute silence and at the end of three days advised the Denver Office that some of the bones which had been found were of human origin. Upon this discovery it was believed it was absolutely essential the coroner in whose county the remains had been found should be notified, It was explained to the coroner that a search of the area which surrounded a dump resulted in the location of numerous bones and that it was not until -6- NW 35044 Doeld: 32989526 Page i194
after examination by the pathologist, whose report had just been received, that definite knowledge existed that human skeletal remains had been found. This, of course, caused considerable consternation and angered the Sheriff, District Attorney and coroner in the county in which the remains were found. The Sheriff publicly announced he felt this was a most uncooperative attitude on the part of the FBI. The District Attorney came to the Denver Office and demanded all evidence in this case be turned over to him, threatening the SAC with grand jury action, subpoenas and various other types of threats; however, the evidence was not turned over to him. At a later date he was given a list of the evidence which had been obtained by the Bureau. The Sheriff of the county in which the evidence was found finally, after his first outburst, had nothing further to say in the matter; however, the Sheriff of the county in which the kidnaping occurred made a considerable amount of news by flying out to Seattle to pick up the subject of the case who was returned to Denver by Bureau Agents. This Sheriff then took his grievance to the press and finally ended up by stating his office was no longer open to Agents of the Bureau. This matter is being included in this write-up sime it is very pertinent to anticipate in advance exactly how law enforcement officers and agencies are to be handled in the event they become obstreperous. It is also to be noted the District Attorney in both counties mentioned above, were candidates for re-election and as a consequence tried to use this case to enhance their chances for re-election; however, because of the -7- NW 35044 Doocld: 329599526 Page 1595
Bureau maintaining its silence and no-comment attitude in connection with the case and because of the loud ravings of these individuals, both were ‘defeated for re-election. In conclusion, it should again be pointed out tat the primary purpose of establishing an Agent at headquarters of police departments or other law enforcement agencies at the time of a kidnaping or other major case is to insure that any information received by these departments is immediately routed to the FBI. ~8- MW 35044 Docld: 32959526 Page 156 : _ rv}
. wy a ee eS Ne ae, 4 LIAISON WITH THE TELEPHONE COMPANY The tmmediate problem in setting up a tracing operation is to determine the bounds within which tt will be necessary to operate. (In the Coors case, the Special Agent in Charge of the Special Squad determined at the outset that no interruption of service or notse on the Coors' telephone line could be evident to any person telephoning the residence. The life of the Victim was in the balance. How do you go about setting up a tracing operation under these conditions? Here is how tt was done in Denverse 7 ae CONFERENCE WITH TELEPHONE COMPANY OFFICIALS Original contact was made with the Chief Special Agent of the Mountain States Telephone and Telegraph Co. (UM ST &T Co.) on the day the Bureau entered the case. This individual had a wide knowledge of telephone procedures and was acquainted with key technical and managerial personnel of the company. These people are the essential ingredients for a successful tracing operation. The Chief Special Agent called a meeting of key personnel to map out @ workable tracing arrangement. In attendance were. 1. Chief Special Agent 2. Supervising Service Foreman of the toll equipment section. This foreman in Denver is responsible for supervision of Fk Smita helenae fan staat iemestteitn ad hal hte ei tcetenecomiaammmneh dates ediaten pha ths ith “Wht Leas che MoS ahd OO all toll equipment including the Direct Yistance Dialing (DDD) equipment. His is a very technical type of position and his knowledge of long distance circuits and procedures is almost unlimited. The equipment under his supervision is valued at L__ Bs. i po2989526 Page i197
$15,000,000. His long distance equipment accounts for a great portion of telephone company revenue. 3. Plant Superintendent having responsibility for the area tin which the Coors residence telephone was served. 4,. Supervising Service Foreman of the telephone exchange from which the Coors restdence was served. 5. District Traffic Superintendent who is responsible for all Denver long distance operations. . 6 Two sound trained FBI Special Agents. The meeting was held at one of the local telephone exchanges tn the office of the Plant Superintendent. This was done to avert the possibility of -press notice. Our requirements for coverage of the Goors residence telephone were discussed in detail. Ways and means of securing such coverage were left to the individuals nost familiar with each operation. None of the individuals were able to state specifically at the meeting just exactly how the complete operation would be under- taken but all left the meeting with a firm idea of the problems involved and immediately began to develop a workable system of tracing the calls. COORS RESIDENCE, NATIONAL 9-4455, MORRISON, COLORADO The Coors residence was served from the Morrison, Colorado, telephone exchange. Morrison is a suburb some fourteen miles from Denver. The telephone exchange at Morrison ts mornally unattended except during daylight hours. Phe equipment in use at this exchange is known as "step-by-step" equipment. This means simply, each time a digit of the telephone number is dialed, the switching equipment "steps" ~ 2 - NW 35044 Doocld: 329599526 Page i156
for each dial pulse until the connection is made. A direct call to the Coors residence telephone could be made from any other telephone in the Morrison exchange (NAtional 9) by dialing the number. The NAtional 9 area consisted of the smail town of Morrison, several smaller mountain communities and twenty-eight tsolated public telephone pay stations throughout this mountainous area. It became necessary at this point to establish twenty-four hour a day coverage at the local exchange so that supervisory telephone company personnel could visually trace all local telephone calls to the residence. The entire telephone exchange building was blacked out so that no one would be aware that any activity was in progress within the butiding. Long distance calls to Morrison, (and this included those from Denver) were routed over thirteen long distance operator trunks and through Direct Distance Dialing equipment at the toll section of the Denver tele phone building. It was necessary that a means be found so that the supervisor ‘on duty at the exchange could be alerted of all calls going to the Coors residence telephone. This was accomplished by placing a "ringer" across the Coors telephone line. The "ringer" is merely a telephone bell which rings in an identical manner to that of the bell on the telephone at the Coors residence. Jt has no effect on the telephone circuit. When the "ringer" rang, the supervisor on duty could determine tn a@ matter of seconds whether the call to the Coors residence was coming from a local NAttonal 9 telephone or whether it was an incoming call by long distance. NW 55044 Doocld: 32989526 Page 199
If the call was being made from a local number within his own exchange, he could visually trace the call within a matter of seconds and determine from what local area telephone the call was being made. If the call was coming by long distance from Denver, he could immediately determine on which of the thirteen trunks from Denver the call was coming in one This ts the only tracing he could do. Local calls were simple to trace. All equipment in the exchange was contained in one smail room. Long distance calls were a different matter. The Morrison supervisor needed to immediately notify the toll section at Denver so that tracing operations from that point Could be started. CENTRAL CONTROL POINT _ Phe tracing operation was controlled from the office of the Supervising Service Foreman of the toll section at the Denver main telephone building. This office and associated equipment occupy an entire floor of the matin telephone building. Doors to this space can be opened only by authorized personnel through use of a coded dialing system. tt is a key facility. The office was equipped with two toll tandem lines as well as four local telephone lines. Denver had not converted to Direct Distance Dialing (DDD) at the time the Coors case began, but the toll tandem lines could do the same thing as DDD, only better. It might be well to furnish a brief summary of DDD as this is necessary to explain how the oll tandem operates and a toll tandem line its the key to the successful operation of a tracing system such as was used. = Zia NW 35044 Doocld: 325989526 Page 200 |
With DDD, to call the FBI in San Francisco ‘from Denver, it ts first necessary to dial 112, LThis serves to actuate the DDD equtpment. Lhen tt is necessary to dial 415, which places the call into the San Francisco main toll center equipment. Then tt is necessary to dial Klondike 2-2155, the actual number of the San Francisco office. As soon as this operation ts completed, an operator comes on the line to secure the number from which you are calling. This is for billing purposes. As soon as she has done this, the call is put through without any further action on the part of the calling party. (This is known as a@ CAMA operation, Customer Automatic Message Accounting. ) Some cities have a completely automatic system in which all Gata necessary for billing purposes is punched on a tape and no operator. breaks in to secure the number of the calling party. (This is known as AMA operation, Automatic Message Accounting. ) The toll tandem cuts out one whole operation of DDD. To call our San Francisco number, tt is only necessary to pick up the tandem, dial the area code of 415, plus the number of the San Francisco Office. No operator comes on the line to secure the number as no toll charge ts necessary. rt's almost like making a local call, except for the extra three digits. The toll tandem line is used almost exclusively by supervisory toll personnel to talk to other supervisory toll personnel in distant cities, much as the ordinary individual dials ‘local calls. This is truly an investigative aid, but to the telephone company tt ts merely a means to secure instant communication to any city in the United States. Only three toll tandem lines were available itn the telephone building, two in the toll tandem supervisor's office -~5- MW 35044 Doold: 32809526 Page 201
and the other in the office of the President of UST &T Co. From the toll tandem office, the central control point of the tracing operation, (except for local Morrison, Colorado, calls within the NAtional 9 erchange), it became necessary to devise a system of rapid communication between Denver and Morrison as all calls to Morrison could appear at several different places in the main Denver telephone buildings Let us consider this communications problem: When the Morrison exchange supervisor located a call coming to the Coors residence on one of the thirteen long distance trunks from Denver, quick action had to be taken at the Denver exchange to locate the particular -call while the calling party was stili on the line, otherwise no trace could be made of the call. The only available means of communication from Denver to Morrison was by way of one of the thirteen long distance lines, but this wasn't fast enough. It meant lifting up a phone at Denver or Morrison and calling the other by long distance. Only two phones were available at the Morrison exchange and during the time a cali was being received at the Coors residence, the supervisor was much too busy trying to trace the call to stop and get on the telephone. The answer was the installation of a continuously operating telephone circuit between the Denver toll office and the Morrison exchange through use of one of the thirteen long distance lines. At the Morrison exrchange, a telephone handset was mounted in the center of the equipment room. At the Denver toll office, a speaker telephone set was installed. ~ 6 « NW 35044 Doold: 32989526 Page 202
A speaker telephone is the type used by many executives to. free their hands when making telephone calls. It consists of a small speaker and a built-in microphone so that the user of such a set can talk in a normal tone of voice and anyone in the room can hear the incoming conversation over the speaker. No handset is used. Thus, when a call came to the Coors residence over long distance equipment from Denver, the supervisor on duty at Morrison immediately determined on which of the thirteen long distance trunks the call was coming from and shouted the number of the trunk into the speaker phone system to alert the supervisor on duty at Denver. Ihe supervisor at the Denver toll office then had to take prompt action to trace the call. His problem was magnified somewhat because each long distance call to the Coors residence could originate in one of three ways and there was no way of telling which way was in use until checks were made at vartous equipment centers within the telephone building. It was a matter similar to locating a fire in a building when you don't know on which floor the fire ts burning. Originating points were as follows: 1. Through a Denver long distance operator. (Two floors of equipment and operators and an overload long distance exchange located at an east Denver exchange some five miles away.) 2. Through terminal grade trunks froma number of cities tn Colorado, Wyoming and New Mexico. (Located on one floor.) 3. Through Direct Distance Dialing equipment. (Located adjacent to the toll tandem office.) ~-7- NW 55044 Doold: 32989526 Page 203
Each had its own separate problems of tracing and each will now be covered in some details A. LONG DISTANCE OPERATOR CALLS Telephone company craft employees were kept on duty twenty-four hours a day tn the equipment room at Denver where the thirteen trunks from Morrison, Colorado, originated. When a trace alert arrived from Morrison to the toll tandem office, the craft employee was notified by loud speaker to visually determine where a particular call was coming from. For example, tf he was notified that a call was coming in on Trunk 7, the craft employee went to Trunk 7 where he could determine whether the call was coming froma Denver long distance operator or from a long distance operator in some distant city. He would immediately relay this information back to the toll tandem supervisor's office. | If the call originated from a Denver long distance operator, the toll supervisor would call the three Denver Chief Operators, each responsible for a unit of long distance operators. Each Chief Operator would then unobtrustuely waik down a line of iong distance operators and pick up ali their long distance toll tfokets, locate the one directed to the Coors residence and notify the toll supervisor where the call was coming from as the originating telephone number appears on the toll ticket. It might be noted at this point that the picking up of toil tickets by the Chief Operator is a normal procedure butthe timing ina tracing operation ts most tmportant. Any lag would result in searching through a greater number of toll tickets. fhe Chief Operators were briefed as to what they were doing but the many long distance operators were unaware that a tracing = § « MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 204
operation was in progress. One small loophole existed in this systen but tt could not be avoided other than by direct tracing of each call and this could not be done in this case. Why? Lo make a direct: trace, it is necessary to "hold-up" or "slug" each circuit involved in the call, starting at the called party and following it back to the originating point. This would very likely alert the calling party because of the clicks which would be heard on the line every time a "slug" was inserted into the switching mechanism. tt would mean having telephone company employees on duty twenty-four hours a day at each telephone exchange in the city of Denver and surrounding suburban areas. Hach employee would have to be able to communicate instantly with each other employee. A direct trace can be made only from one exchange to the next and a call may go through many exchanges. A "slug" must be inserted at each exchange before you can go on to the next erchange. This takes time and man- Power of such magnitude that it is not feastble for any extended period of time. The call can be traced only while the actual call is taking place. As soon as the calling party hangs up, the trace is lost except to the points where the call has been "slugged." Lhe loophole mentioned was this: the calling party merely had to give the long distance operator an incorrect number for the one from which the call was actually being placed, but this in itself is a risk for the calling party. An alert long distance operator can detect that a wrong number is being given and will refuse to place the call under such circumstances. She might not check a call coming from AComa 2-1234 if the calling party said he was calling from AComa 2-1235, -9 = NW 35044 Doold: 32999526 Page 205
but if the calling party was.cailing from BElmont 3-1234 and he said he was calling from AComa 2-1234, he would not get away with it. Even in the first example, the operator, if suspictous, could re-dial the number AComa 22-1234 and if this line did not show a busy signal, the ruse would not work. Even in the first example where a wrong number was given, we would still have the city the call came from if long distance and at least the approximate area if a local call. During the operation of the tracing system, no tncorrect numbers were noted and all were traceable. | | If the call originated from a distant city long distance operator, the supervisor used the facilities of the toll tandem in his office. He dialed the distant city Chief Operator, briefly sxplained his problem tving no more information than was necessar 2 3 and asked the Chief Operator to collect ail pending toll tickets and locate ‘the one directed to NAtional 9-4455 at Morrison, Colorado. Lhis is not an unusual procedure and the toll supervisor has a job of such responsibility that a Chief Operator will not ordinarily question his orders. In the few instances where a Chief Operator ina distant city hesitated, the Denver toll supervisor was prepared to call his counterpart toll supervisor in the distant city. Usually, the mere statement that he was prepared to make such a call or that he would cail the Chief Special Agent or a Traffic Superintendent (the Chief Operator's boss) was enough to resolve the hesitation. The cardinal principle here involved, is that a toll tandem supervisor knows his way around, knows telephone company parlance and operating procedure. If he can't get the job done one way, he knows who to - 10 ~ MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 206
MW 35044 Doold: 32969526 contact to get the job done. As a result, no failures were involved tn obtaining the pertinent toll ticket in a minimum of time. B. CALLS THROUGH TERMINAL GRADE TRUNKS A terminal grade trunk is one by which a long distance operator in a distant city can dial a number tin the same manner as a long distance operator located in Denver. Thus, for example, a long distance operator in Cheyenne, Wyoming, could plug tnto a Denver terminal grade trunk and place a call to Morrison, Colorado, in the same manner as a Denver long distance operator. Jt is just an extension off the Denver long distance board, although it covers a lot of miles. This did not create much of a problem as the craft employee soon recognized that a terminal grade trunk was being used and he notified the toll tandem superuisor who then placed a call to the Chief Operator in the distant ctty and the same procedure was followed as outlined aboue. €. DIRECT DISTANCE DIALING (DDD) EQUIPMENT When the Coors case occurred, Denver was not equipped to handle DDD calls but all the equipment for this method of dialing was installed in the toll office and the system of tracing calis which went through this equipment was developed by the Supervising Service Foreman of the toll section and several of his toll supervisors. AS will be recalled, the Supervising Service Foreman of the toll section attended the original meeting of telephone company officials. He returned to his office late in the afternoon, held over several of his toll supervisors, and they all went to work on the problem. By 3300 A.M., the system was completed, tested and placed into operation. The ingenuity of this operation cannot be over~emphasized - Jl - Page 207
as it eventually saved countiess hours of manpower and alerted toll personnel in Denver that a call was proceeding to the Coors residence even before the Coors telephone rang. Tracing became an instantaneous operation. The technical aspects of this system are much too extensive for review at this point, but in layman's language the following took place: The DDD equipment in Denver is described as a 4A Crossbar System. The crossbar switching systen was developed by Western Electric and the Bell Telephone laboratories after years of research, but even when it was being tnstalled a few years ago, it was obsolete because of newer advancements in the electronic field. Fach crossbar office is equipped with a machine known as a Trouble Recorder. This machine helps the crossbar system to locate all mechanical and electrical malfunctions in the entire system. if a trouble condition develops tn one particular circuit, the crossbar system trtes to route the cail through another circuit, and in most instances succeeds. As soon as any malfunction occurs, the trouble recorder ejects @ punched card and an alarm bell rings. A trained craft employee needs only to glance at the punched card to determine that a particular circuit ts not functtoning properly and immediately proceed to make the necessary repairs. Any large toll office prides itself in keeping the crossbar equi pment operating tina most efficient manner. In fact, each trouble card ejected cuts down their “Inder" which to them is what statistics are to the Bureau. -~ 12 = MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 206 . a _ ~
The tracing system deveioped used the trouble recorder machine to trace the tncoming calls. Every time a call went to the Coors residence or to eight other adjacent numbers, a trouble card was ejected, This card would show the routing of the incoming call and a tracing operating could be started even before the Coors telephone rang. The card was ejected because a trouble condition "trap" showing a@ continuity failure was placed on the first attempt to ring the Coors telephone. This is known as a "first trial failure." But remember, when a fatlure occurs, the crossbar system doesn't give up but makes a second trial attempting to place the call by a different circuit. The "trap" was so set up that on the second trial, the call to the Coors residence was completed. The important thing was that the essential routing instructions for a tracing operation were punched into the trouble recorder card which had been ejected on the first triale The time lapse between "trials" is not great. It takes from 500 to 750 milliseconds to make the second trial so there is no observable delay in the call. Note, however, that from the crossbar equipment the incoming call to the Coors residence had to go through the step-by-step equipment at Morrison, Colorado. Since it takes a call approrimately ten seconds to go through the step-by-step equipment, we got a ten second running start on the tracing operation, As to actual procedure, as soon as the trouble card dropped tn the crossbar equipment room, a craft employee determined the routing instructions from which he couid determine from what distant eity the call was being originated. He called the toll tandem supervisor by inter~-com. The supervisor placed acall to the Chief MW 35044 Doold: 32969526 a ———
Operator of the distant city and asked her to pick up the pertinent - toll ticket. On aimost all occasions, the calling number was known before we knew whether the call was worthy of tracing or not. As time went on, the trouble cards being dropped for our operation began to cut into the "Inder" of the toll section to such an extent that permission was granted by officials of the company to discount ali the cards caused by our tracing activities. As a matter of evidentiary nature, each trouble card was filed away for future reference. Craft employees marked each card with the time, date and their initials as well as the routing information. A log was maintained in the toll tandem supervisor's office by the toll supervisors, marking down the date, time, routing information, results of the trace and the fact that a discontinuance of the trace was received. These logs and cards assumed some importance later in the Coors case when the SAC noted that a call had been received from Atlantic City during the early stages of the tracing operation at a time prior to the discovery of Corbett's car near Atlantic City. Through quick checking of the logs and cards, it was determined that this call had been placed by a college friend of Mrs. Coors. MODIFICATIONS MADE IN THE TRACING SYSTEM AS TIME PROGRESSED As time went on, officials of the telephone company became somewhat alarmed at the added expense to them of continuing the tracing operation. Toll supervisors were on duty twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. Under ordinary conditions, these supervisors were not on ~ 14 = MW 35044 Docld: 32959526 Page 210 ‘
MM duty during weekends, ercept when major trouble occurred or when _ extensive revamping of the system was required, Additionally, these Supervisors are usually out inspecting equipment and directing the work . of the craft employees in the equipment room. Since one of the super- visors had to remain in the toll tandem supervisor's office at all times to handle the tracing operation, it cut down on his normal Supervisory dutiese To alleviate this situation, a Special Agent of the telephone company was assigned to handle the tracing operation during the day. If any particular probiem arose, one of the toll supervisors was not too far awaye A sound trained FBI agent was on duty from 4:00 P.M. until the next morning. “After familiarizing himself with the operation he was able to handle the tracing operation during the occasional absences of the toll supervisor. Week-end duty was handled on a voluntary basis by the individual toll supervisors and all volunteered. Since they were paid on a yearly saiary basis, no overtime or premium pay was involved insofar as the telephone company was concerned, The big problem arose in justifying the use of a craft employee in the equipment room twenty-four hours a day. His sole duty was to determine on which Denver~Morrison trunk a partteular call was on. He could do nothing else. His entire salary had no return to the telephone company. Further, as a craft employee, he was entitled to premium pay for working nights, special shifts and on weekends. With the success of the tracing operation through use of the trouble recorder system, a way was found to eliminate the craft employee. Recall that ali calls through the crossbar system were
NW 55044 Doold: 32385526 automatically traced through use of the trouble recorder card. Craft employees were on duty twenty-four hours a day at the trouble recorder, trrespective of our operation. If all calls could somehow be routed through the crossbar systen, the craft employee making checks on the long distance operator calls and the terminal grade operator call, could be eliminated. This was done.- Each long distance operator tn Denver had access to the thirteen trunks to Morrison, Colorado by which she could dial a NAtional 9 number by plugging into an unused Morrison ctreuit and dialing the number involved. This she did as a creature of habit when she had a call going to Morrison. . She could just as easily plug into a crossbar circuit and place her call through the crossbar system. ‘So, the District Traffic Superin= -tendent authorized the "blacking out" of all these Morrison operator trunk outlets. This became a matter of disabling each of these operating circuits at each long distance operator position by removing the sleeve from each circuit and placing plugs in the associated holes on the long distance board. Each long distance operator was then instructed to place her Morrison calls through the crossbar circuits. This left the terminal grade trunks of which there were 170 scattered throughout the focky Mountain area. The terminal grade trunks were the property of the long lines department of the American ‘Tele phone and Telegraph Company and were a revenue making proposition for AT&T Co., but not necessarily for Mountain States. The terminal grade trunks would be made inoperative anyway as soon as Mountain States changed over to DDD on April 23, 1960. The district Traffic Super- w intendent authorized the "turning down," or placing out of service, Page 212
MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 213 all the términal grade trunks. This took a few days to accomplish, but the end result was that all calis to Morrison, and conincidentaily to the Coors residence, were ali routed through the crossbar system where an automatic trace was available. From that time on, the tracing system could be kept up indefinitely without a great monetary loss to the telephone company and it was so continued until March 14, 1960. COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE SAC OF THE SPECIAL When the Special Squad was being organized, it became evident that the telephone facilities of the Denver Office would be tazed to the utmost. The criminal squad room of the Denver Office was vacated for she Special Squad. The SAG's office was placed in the adjacent criminal supervisor's office. A call was placed to the US T&T Co. Denver—“etropolitan equipment supervisor, a long time contact of the Denver Office. He immediately proceeded to the Denver Office with a crew of installers to design an expanded telephone System for the office. The criminal supervisor’s office had a two button telephone set with two tncoming lines. Hach of these lines was brought out to another two button telephone set so that the ASAC of the Spectal could listen to each call if necessary. An addittonal telephone with a direct outside unlisted number was installed so the SAC could make direct outside calls without going through the office switchboard. Another telephone was installed for the SAG's secretary. - 17 -
A way had to be found to arrange instantaneous telephone communication with the Coors residence. This ts where the Denver~ Metropolitan Equipment supervisor's knowledge of telephone Cctrouttry came to the foré.s Thirteen telephone circuits existed from Denver to Morrison. Oneof these circuits was being used full time for the Inter-com system between the Morrison telephone exchange and the Denver toll office. None of the other lines could be released for our use as they were all needed for long distance traffic. Lo cail the foors residence from the Denver FBI Office it was necessary to dial the operator, as ona regular long distance cali and delays occurred on every calle The equipment supervisor recalled that a wealthy Denver nanufacturer had a summer home itn the mountains, served by a leased long distance line from Denver through which his mountain mansion could be dialed directly from Denver. The line was not in use during the winter nonths but because of the owner's stature in the community, the line was never used for any other purpose. The equipment supervisor promptly "borrowed" this line and had it looped into the Morrison exchange thereby giving us the direct long distance line from Denver to Morrison via the mountatn manston. [hen our equipment supervisor borrowed a technique which ts not used very frequently in telephone installations. It resembles the old hand-cranked country telephone set in a sense except you don't need the hand crank. He installed a "ring-down" phone in the SAC's - 18 = MW 35044 Docld: 32959526 Page 214
office and a companion "ning-down" phone in the Coors residence at Morrison. Lo communicate, all that was necessary was to lift up etther phone and the one on the other end of the line rang. fo complete the communications picture, there were four incoming lines to the toll tandem supervisor's office, all dialable from Denver. So, we can now follow the action as it took place every time an incoming call arrived at the Coors residence in Morrison: As soon as the phone rang, the Special Agent on duty at the Coors residence was alerted to listen to his Magnecorder and record the incoming conversation. Jf he could determine that the call was Legitimate and not worthy of tracing, he would lift up his "ring-down" Phone and advise the SAC the trace was not necessary. The SAC would then dtal one of the numbers of the toll tandem office and advise the agent or the telephone company employee on duty that tt was not necessary to trace the particular call in progress. To prevent any delay tn case ali the lines to the toll tandem office were busy (and this happened on occasion) a dispatcher radio untt was installed in the toll tandem office so that the tracing operation could be discontinued by calling on the Denver FM radio system using -euttable pretext language. This dispatcher unit was also used to communicate with Bureau’ radio cars during the pertod of time when a number of pay telephone locations were being covered in the Denver area. | | A dispatcher unit was also installed at the Coors residence at Morrison in the event of a breakdown of telephone circuits. - 19 « MW 35044 Docld: 32959526 Page 215
. MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 216 , SPECIALIZED COVERAGE: PAY STATIONS IN THE NATIONAL 9 AREA Sarly in the case it was obvious that a call could be placed to the Coors residence from any one of a number of pay telephones located in the NAttonal 9 exchange without going through an operator. By checking telephone company records, it was found that twenty-eight pay telephones existed in the NAtional 9 exchange. Many were located outside and some tn very tsolated places. These ranged, according to telephone company records, from such places as; "Inside booth at Tabor Bar, Main Street, Morrison, Colorado"; "Outside booth, inter-Canyon Fire Department, mounted on telephone pole number 649, about three miles above Tiny Town at Fender Junction, where you turn off to Phillipsburg, Colorado"; "Outside booth, MS T&T Co. ball park, Morrison Road, east edge of town about where you cross to go to Soda Lake, on Pole number 9-26," A team of Agents visually observed each of these locations through use of a telephone company truck and all locations were pinpointed on a@ map in the Denver Office. In addition, supervisors at the Morrison exchange marked each of these telephone terminals for quick reference in the event that. a call was received from one of the booths. MULTIPLE PAY STATIONS IN DENVER AREA Recognizing that a call might be made from a crowded area in Denver through a pay telephone, a survey was made of all locations in
. MW 55044 Docld: 32999526 Page 217 Denver where three or more pay stations existed. This was accomplished through review of telephone company records, Seventeen locations were found where muitipie pay stations existed. For instance, the Denver Union Station had a total of twenty- eight pay stations located in three different banks of booths. Stapleton Air Field, the main Denver airport, had twenty-three pay telephones located in four different banks of booths. DENVER TOLL TICKET SURVEY Since the subject of the case might place a call to the Coors restdence to give instructions for a payoff, and then place a long distance call to the Location where the victim was being held, all toll tickets on long distance cails made from Denver, Colorado and some suburban areas were photographed through use of a Recordak machine set up in the main telephone company buiiding. Two agents were busy handling this operation as approximately 600,000 toll tickets were photographed from february 13, 1960 through March 1, 1960. , Toll tickets were picked up on a regular basis and processed through the Recordak machine so that no delay would occur in trans- ferring the toll tickets to the telephone company's accounting center in Denver where the tickets are sorted for billing purposes. lt is well to note here that unless the toll tickets are photographed immediately before the accounting breakdown is made, the tickets are sent to all parts of the country for billing purposes and they are effectively lost forever insofar as obtaining data which might later be of interest to the investigation. - 2] ~
CRANK CALLS . Several crank calls were made to the Coors residence during the tracing operation period. We were successful in tracing these calls. The Chief Special Agent's Office was particularly helpful in these instances in furnishing us with long distance toll tickets placed by the persons who made the crank calls. Crank calls were made to the Victim's father's home in Golden, Colorado, where the Coors Brewery is located. These calls were usually of short duration. In one instance, the caller stated he would call later the same evening. The telephone company Chief Special Agent, a supervising service foreman and an FBI Agent attempted to make a direct trace when the incoming call came in. The call was traced back to a telephone exchange in West Denver, but the call was of such short duration that it "fell-off" before the trace could be completed. We did know that the call was coming froma pay telephone in West Denver on a@ particular street and with sufficient manpower on the street, the caller probably could have been identified. How do you say thanks to ail the telephone company employees, many of whom gave up their week ends to assist in covering this | essential operation? While the sound trained agent working with telephone company personnel is able to verbally express the appreciation of the whole office and of the Bureau, letters of appreciation from the Director are most effective. Anyone visiting the Denver toll tandem office today wiiil notice - 22 - MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 216 je
a framed letter from the Director, addressed personally to the Supervising Service Foreman commending him and tindtutdually mentioning the names of each foreman under his supervision who so ably assisted the Bureau. | . A visit to the office of” the Chief Special Agent will reveal a franed photograph of the Director addressed to him personally. The above two are examples of ways in which the Bureau's gratitude was expressed. Other such letters were directed to key personnel of UST &T Cow, including the President, You can be | assured that these expressions of gratitude are treasured long after the remembrance of sacrificed week ends have faded away. The question now arises, if a similar situation arose today, could the same job be done with DDD equipment? According to our now firmly established sources, tt can be done, but each future case will have its own individual problems. The answer can be given by the telephone company personnel involved when the specific problem is advanced. | Lhe best advice that can be given is to locate the proper key personnel, particularly those responsible for the operation of the toll tandem office, set out the problem involved and let them arrive at the proper method of handling the parttcular case. NW 55044 Doocld: 32989526 Page 215 y _ a |
PERSONAL ATTENTION UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF Yostten©* O1-34 FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION In Reply, Please Refer to June 21, 1961 WASHINGTON 25, D. G. File No. (A) “CRIMINAL INFORMANTS-CRIMINAL INTELLIGENCE PROGRAM -- SAC Letters 57-70 dated December 13, 1957, 58-64 dated October 14, 1958, 59-48 dated August 4, 1959, and 61-13 dated March 14, 1961, pointed out the urgent need for criminal informants who can give direct information relative to individuals under investigation in connection with the Criminal Intelligence Program. An analysis of available information developed to date concerning the structure of organized crime in this country reveals a decided need for the further clarification and expansion of facts now known concerning the identity of the leaders of the organized hoodlum element, and the manner in which this element functions. To successfully complete our intelligence picture of the controlling forces which make organized crime operative, it is now urgently necessary to develop particularly qualified, live sources within the upper echelon of the organized hoodlum element who will be capable of furnishing the quality information required. The most significant information developed to date indicating organization among the nation's hoodlum leaders has been obtained from highly confidential sources in Chicago, New York, and Philadelphia concerning the existence of a "commission" of top leaders of the organized hoodlum element exerting a controlling influence on racket activities in this country. Additional information concerning the "commission" has also been developed recently from a highly confidential source in Newark. The Chicago and New York sources have discussed the "commission" as being composed variously of six, nine, and twelve ‘members. The Chicago source accounts for a nine- or twelve-man commission by discussing increases in "commission" membership resulting in expansion of this group to either nine or twelve men. Both the Chicago and New York sources list‘as members Vito Genovese, Thomas Luchese, Joseph Profaci, Carlo Gambino and Joseph Bonanno. The Chicago source indicates Samuel Giancana is a member, with the New York source furnishing information that there is a "commission" member from Chicago without naming him. Genovese, Luchese, Profaci and Gambino are ail Top Hoodlums from the New York area. Giancana is a Chicago Top Hoodlum; Bonanno is a Phoenix Top Hoodlum residing in Tucson, and formerly from Brooklyn, New York. In addition, the Chicago source names hoodlums believed identical with Joseph Zerilli, Detroit Top Hoodlum; John La Rocca, Pittsburgh Top Hoodlum; Raymond Patriarca, Boston Top Hoodlum; and Steve Magaddino, Buffalo Top Hoodlum as "commission" members. The Chicago source suggests that Joseph Ida, Newark Top Hoodlum who has | WWW S084 Doold: 32989526 Page 220
returned to Sicily, was a "commission" member representing the Philadelphia area. The Philadelphia source identifies Angelo Bruno, Philadelphia Top Hoodlum, as the current representative of the "commission" in that area. This source also discusses Bruno traveling to New York to receive instructions from the "commission." Information recently received from a highly confidential source in Newark indicates that Gerardo Catena, Newark Top Hoodlum, has been placed on the "commission" in the recent past. The New York source identifies Carlo Gambino as the current chairman of the “commission,” indicating that he is occupying this position in place of Vito Genovese, while Genovese is in prison. The Chicago source previously indicated that Genovese appeared to occupy the top position prior to his incarceration. The New York and Chicago sources have mentioned Albert Anastasia, deceased New York hoodlum, as a former "commission" member, and the New York source has identified Frank Costello, New York Top Hoodlum currently in Federal Prison, as a former "commission" member prior to his loss of favor as an underworld power. Both the Chicago and New York sources have used the term “avugat" to denote a "commission" member; "avugat" is a shortened version of the full Italian word "“avvocato" which, literally translated, means "attorney." Enlarging upon the "commission's" power and influence regarding organized criminal activities throughout the country, the New York source explained that there were two hoodlum leaders, referred to as the "boss" and the "underboss," in each major popu- lation area throughout the country and in Canada, who are responsible to the "commission" for activities in their respective areas. In explaining this progression of authority, the source cited as an example the mob leadership in the Philadelphia area in years past. In the period referred to, Joseph Ida was identified as the "boss," and Marco Reginelli, deceased hoodlum leader, as the “underboss," with these local leaders answerable to Albert Anastasia, a "commission' member at that time. Other examples of "bosses" identified by this source were Santo Trafficante in Florida and Joseph Civello in Texas. Trafficante is a Tampa Top Hoodlum and Civello, a Dallas Top Hoodlum. { -According to this source these local leaders, the "bosses" and "underbosses," operate to a degree on their own, making their own decisions in underworld matters involving activities in their own areas. However, they are ultimately answerable to the "commission" in case of problems or disputes, with the "commission" functioning as an arbitration board. 6/21/61 - SAC LETTER NO. 61-34 ~2- NW 35044 Doocld: 329599526 Page 221
In areas of great population or importance there appears to be additional second and third echelon leaders corresponding to the positions of "boss" and "“underboss" in other areas. For example, the New York source has identified at least six New York hoodlum subordinates of Joseph Profaci, a "commission" member, as his "capirigime." This Italian word literally translated means "heads of the regime," and is used to denote mob bosses working on a level below a "commission" member, or "avugat." The New York source has also identified several well-known New York hoodlums as “capirigime" working under Vito Genovese, another "commission" member. The Chicago, New York, and Philadelphia sources strongly suggest that the "commission" either appoints, or at least has final approval over the appointment of local "bosses" and "under- bosses." The Chicago source discussed Vito Genovese traveling about the country in connection with a number of "promotions" within the organization, and mentioned frequent changes of the "boss" in Philadelphia during a comparatively short period. The Philadelphia source furnished corresponding information concerning a change in leadership in that area occasioned by the "commission." This information, made possible through the establishment of these sources, has been invaluable in providing insight into the top echelon of organized crime in this country. However, as pointed out above, there is an urgent need for amplifying information which will- reveal full details concerning the operations of these inter- related organized criminal groups throughout the.nation.-. Our urgent need for new live sources strategically placed in the upper echelons of organized crime is brought into clear focus by the fact that no information regarding the "commission" has been reported by any live criminal source to date. This, of course, suggests a problem of some delicacy in seeking information from live informants, since we must avoid the danger of informants ‘"playing back" information they may obtain through questions asked them. TOP ECHELON INFORMANT PROGRAM To insure that the Bureau meets its responsibilities in ., connection with the Criminal Intelligence Program, it is mandatory that the development of quality criminal informants be emphasized and the existing program be implemented and greatly expanded. 6/21/61 . SAC LETTER NO. 61-34 -3- NW 35044 Docld: 32989526 Page 222 7
You are again reminded that the penetration and infiltration } of organized criminal activity is a prime objective of the Bureau, and to accomplish this it is necessary to give a renewed impetus to the development of quality criminal informants. ° We have learned through our experience in conducting investigations in connection with the Criminal Intelligence Program that the best source we could possibly obtain would be a criminal informant who is highly placed in organized crime. The Bureau is therefore inaugurating-the following program in an effort to develop criminal informants of the type mentioned above. . Effective immediately the following offices must designate a squad of Special Agents to work exclusively on the development of criminal informants who are in a position to furnish valuable information regarding cases currently under investigation in connection with this program, and .to furnish quality criminal intelligence information: Chicago, Detroit, Kansas City, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, Newark, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and San Francisco. The selection of Agent personnel to participate in this program is of vital importance. The Agents selected must have demonstrated in the past their ability in this field and should be mature, aggressive, resourceful, and possess the necessary knowledge of criminal activities in your area to intelligently accomplish the objectives. In addition to the above qualities an enthusiastic approach to this program is a basic essential which must be evidenced by all Agents whom you designate to participate. . To insure the success of this program, it is necessary to utilize Special Agents with the will and desire to employ new approaches and means to secure the Bureau's goals. It is your personal responsibility to select the Special Agents to participate in the program and to advise the Bureau within one week of their names. . SELECTION OF POTENTIAL INFORMANTS Your selection of potential criminal informants in eonnection with this program should be based upon a combination fe2i/ol . SAC LETTER NO. 61-34 -4k- MW 35044 Docld: 32959526 Page 223
of a particular hoodlum's qualification by virtue of his position in the organized hoodlum element, and upon circumstances indicating his possible vulnerability to development. A few examples of the type hoodlum who should be considered for development are: Chicago Louis Kanne Henry Susk Detroit Richard Zalmanowski John J. White Kansas City Alex Presta Phillip Simone Las Vegas George Gordon Eugene Richard Warner Lou Ledderer Los Angeles John Battaglia Alfonso Rocco Pigzichino Miami JFK Act 6 (4) Newark Pasquale Masi Salvatore Paci New York Mike Scandifia Max Courtney ' 6/21/61 SAC LETTER NO, 61- 34 ~ 5 - MW 35044 Docld: 32959526 Page 224 ,
Philadelphia Felix DeTulio Antonio Pollina Pittsburgh Arthur G@. Nelson Frank Valente San Francisco Aladena T. Fratianno These are cited only as examples of the types of individuals who would be in a position to furnish the information required. You are undoubtedly aware of other hoodlums, who for various reasons may be susceptible to an approach. ; The eleven offices participating in this program should _ submit to the Bureau within one week the identities of hoodlums you have selected for concentrated attention. Each office, with the exception of the New York Office, should submit a minimum of five names; the New York Office is to submit a minimum of ten names. SUGGESTED APPROACHES To properly develop informants of this caliber, varied approaches can and should be utilized, dependent upon the individual under development. The following methods are being set forth as possible guidelines. Background Investigation A penetrative investigation of each individual selected © as a target for development as an informant should be conducted prior to any approach of the individual. In many instances this information will be available to your office as a result of previous investigations. Do not overlook possibilities of obtaining additional information from your criminal informants and sources. Through these investigations you should determine back- ground, marital status, girl friends, hobbies, personalities, 6/21/61 SAC LETTER NO, 61-34 - 6 - ‘ Dootd: 32989526 Page 225 7
MW 55044 Docld: 32999526 Page 226 relatives, financial affairs, criminal record, current criminal activities, et cetera of each individual selected for development. Be alert to the possibility of utilizing as informants, individuals currently incarcerated who were formerly associates of Top Hoodlums. The offer of assistance to these individuals' families could induce their cooperation. A review of all these facts should assist materially in planning the development period. Payments The Bureau will authorize substantial remuneration for informants who can provide information concerning hoodlums who have national stature. Payments in this instance will be made for quality criminal intelligence information and you will not be restricted in making payments to just those instances which involve a substantive violation over which the Bureau has jurisdiction. - ; ae It is apparent that hope for financial reward will not ‘be a motivating force which would induce most selected targets for development to cooperate; however, under certain circumstances this could be a most effective means and should not be overlooked. Compromising Situations It is imperative that full exploitation be made of circumstances which place a potential informant in a position where it would be advantageous to him to furnish information to the Bureau. a. Prosecution Awareness of an individual under development that he is liable to either Federal or State prosecution could be a compelling reason for such an individual to cooperate with the Bureau. b. Deportation Fear of deportation is a fact that could motivate many of the selected targets for development to be susceptible to development as informants. This may well be one of the effective approaches which could be used against older top echelon hoodlums. 6/21/61 | SAC LETTER NO. 61-34 -7-
c. Personal Reasons These will vary with the individual under development. Some examples could be: concern over the criminal activity and possible prosecution of children, wife, girl friends, et cetera. Fear of pressure being exerted from associates or rivals in organized criminal activity. Confidential Basis It should be made crystal clear to the individuals under development in connection with this program that any information furnished by them will be handled on a strictly confidential basis. You should insure that no dissemination is made of information obtained from such sources unless the informant can be fully protected. in the implementation of this program, the Bureau's objective of penetration and infiltration of the top echelon of organized criminal activities and the continuous flow of quality criminal intelligence information should be constantly kept in mind. This program presents a definite new challenge to the field which to be met calls for new and untried methods and situations may arise which will be evaluated by the Bureau based upon the realization of the need for unusual and extreme methods. The offices participating in this program must of necessity display the initiative and ingenuity to provide the impetus to realize the Bureau's objective. Every office is being advised of this program since in the future it may be appropriate to expand it to include additional offices. : . All offices instructed to designate a squad of Special Agents to participate in this program should advise the Bureau within thirty days of the progress made. The Bureau will analyze the preliminary information obtained and within a three months! period, a-conference at either Seat of Government or in the field will be held to evaluate the progress made and to redirect the program as a result of the experience gained to date. These special assignments will not eliminate the responsibilities of all Special Agents to fully participate ‘in the criminal informant program. (6/21/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-34 -~ 8 - MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 227
This program has, as its primary purpose, the development of quality criminal intelligence informants. The two most important components of this program are the selection of individuals for development as informants and the designation ‘of the Special Agents who will participate. I cannot stress too strongly the urgent necessity of each Special Agent in Charge providing the personal leadership which will insure the success of this program. Very truly yours, John Edgar Hoover ’ Director 6/21/61 SAC LETTER NO, 61-34 ~ Q- MW 55044 Doocld: 32989526 Page 228 . - eh dienes ee .
PERSONAL ATTENTION SAC LETTER NO. 61-37 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION In Reply, Please Refer to July 11, 1961 WASHINGTON 25, D. G File No. (A) ’. INCENTIVE AWARDS - FBI’FORM BOOK -- The Civil Service Commission has revised the Incentive Awards Program regulations as they relate primarily to awards for suggestions or contributions where tangible savings are involved. The table for determining the amount of such awards has been changed to (1) increase the minimum award from $10 to $15, (2) provide for $50 minimum tangible benefit to qualify .for an award and (3) increase the amount of award where more sub- stantial savings are realized. The changes have little effect on awards involving intangible benefits resulting. from employee contri- butions and performances other than to increase the minimum award from $10 to $15. Minimum awards will not be granted for intangible benefits unless the employee's contribution compares favorably with minimum awards granted where tangible benefits are involved. Suggestions which deal with maintenance or repair, items of supply which could be procured through simple requisition, or offer no specific means to improve operations cannot be considered suggestions within the limits of the program. Similarly, ideas to ‘improve working conditions which could and should have been cor- rected in the normal course of work and proposals which are trivial in nature or which would cost more to process than any saving they could achieve, will not be evaluated under the suggestion program but will be returned to the appropriate supervisor for oral acknowledgment. The foregoing which became effective, July 1, 1961, should be brought to the attention of all employees.” Form FD-255 is being revised and upon receipt of a supply of the revised form which will be forwarded under separate cover one copy should be placed in the FBI Form Book and you should destroy all copies of this form not bearing the current revision date. You may continue to submit recommendations on an old FD-255 form until you receive a supply of the revised form. ; 7/11/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-37 Dont 7 ’ (B)\, AUTOMOBILES - 1961 - PLYMOUTHS - TRUNK LIGHT -~ The Bureau has recently learned of the following technique being used by car thieves to gain entry to the trunk of the 1961 Plymouth: NW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 229 mm f*
MW 35044 Doold: 32809526 Page 230 a Remove the two screws which hold the light (over the license plate) in place; push the bulb aside, and insert a screwdriver and remove the lock retainer clip. Once the retainer clip is removed the cylinder can be removed and the trunk opened. The Chrysler Company has advised that the screws holding this assembly should be the "one-way" type; that is, they can be . tightened but not loosened. A rivet can also be used for this purpose. Any vehicle not having "one-way" screws will be so equipped by an authorized Plymouth dealer at no cost. Insure that all 1961 Plymouths in your division are protected against entry in the above manner. T/11/f6l SAC LETTER NO. 61- 37 (oc): INTERVIEWS - CONFESSIONS AND’ SIGNED STATEMENTS -- At the request of the Criminal Division and the Office of Legal Counsel of the Department of Justice, a new rule will be followed, effective immediately, in giving defendants or prospective defendants and ‘qitnesses copies of confessions and signed statements which they ‘have previously furnished to the Bureau. The rule will be, as stated by the Department, that: "...subsequent to the formal referral of a matter to the United States Attorney, any such request, whether made by the pro- Spective defendant or his counsel, should be referred to the interested United States Attorney. He can then determine, after consultation with the Criminal Division, if deemed necessary, the potential adverse impact upon the criminal proceeding should there be an untimely release or inspection of the statements in question.” For the purposes of this rule, a case will be considered as formally referred to the United States Attorney when facts are presented to him and he indicates the likelihood of ultimate prosecution. Requests made prior to formal referral for copies of Signed statements and confessions will be honored as in the past. ‘If a defendant, prospective defendant or witness, interviewed after formal referral, offers to give a signed-statement or con- fession only upon condition that a copy will be given to him, the statement or confession should be taken and a copy furnished unless the United States Attorney can readily be reached for an opinion and advises to the contrary. 7/11/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-37 -2- war ern ee
L The rule for defendants and prospective defendants ‘will be applied to witnesses also, owing to the fact that witnesses sometimes become defendants and vice versa. In the event of an inquiry from the United States “Attorney concerning this new policy, you should advise him that it was put into effect at the request of the Department. T/l1/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-37 (D) FBI NATIONAL ACADEMY -- In view of the extremely heavy demand for attendance at the National Academy, the size of each class will be increased to 80 men, effective with the August, 1961, class. The standards for attendance at the Academy are not to be lowered in any fashion to fill a class. Although there have already been nominated for the August class a sufficient number of candidates to make up a class of 80 men, it will be permissible for you to make recom- mendations to the Bureau for additional representatives at the August Session. These will be given consideration if the size of the class permits. (Security Letter on attached pages) 7/11/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-37 -3- NW 35044 Docld: 32989526 Page 231
~ ‘(By E SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATION CHARACTERIZATIONS ~ INTERNAL SECURITY - ¢ . Set forth below are ur-to-date thumbnail sketches of organizations and publications, each of which is of use to various field offices. You are anstructed that the sketcnes set forth in SAC Letters 58-41 (PF), 58-81 (Kk), 59-& (0). 59-43 (M), and 60-34 (F) should no longer be used. In the event an ofrtice needs to characterize an organization not menticned in this letter, listed in the various issues of the "Guide to Subversive Organizations and Publications" published by the House Committee on Un-American Activities, or designated by the Attorney General pursuant to Executive Order 10450, a request should be made of the office of origin to furnish the required characterization. You are instructed that in describing a local | affiliate of a national organisation, in addition to characterizing the local affiliate, it will be necessary to set forth Separately the characterization of the parent organization. The evaluaticn and identities of the sources should be handled jn accordance with instructions set forth in Part ‘I, Section NOB 2m (1) (d), page 64, of the #SI Handbook. . For the purpose of evaluation all sources utilized in the preparatior of the sketches listed below should be described as having furnished rel-able information in the past. In each sketch utilized below, the field office sub- mitting the sketch has advised that careful consideration was given to each source concealed. Hy TENY" ("THE FACT") ‘A source advised on May 2, 1961, that "A Teny" ("The Fact") is a Nungarian-language newspaper which closely follows the Communist Party line and has done so since at least the late 1940's, ° This newspaper is published monthly in Los Angeles, California. . Source: beteTed / COMMITEE TO SECURE JUSTICE FOR MORTON SOBELL "Following the execution of atomic spies Ethel and Julius Rosenberg in June, 1953, the ‘Communist campaign assumed 2 different emphasis. Its major effort centered upon Morton Sobell,'! the Rosenbergs! codefendant. The National Committee to Seotre Justice in the Rosenberg case - a Communist front which had been conducting the campaign in the United States - was reconstituted as the National Rosenberg-Sobell Committee at a conference in Chicago in October, 1953, and ‘then as tne National Committee to Secure Justice for Morton Sobell in the Rosenberg case!...." T/l1/f/6l SAC LETTER NO. 61-37 ~ - MW 55044 Docld: 32989526 Page 232 | Vereen wage . = : wr’
("Guide to Subversive Organizations and Publications" dated January 2, 1957, issued by the House Committee on Un- American Activities, page 60.) In September, 1954, the name "National Committee to Secure Justice for Morton Sobeli" appeared on literature issued by the Committee. In March, 1955, the current name, "Committee to Secure Justice for Morton Sobell," first appeared on literature issued by the Committee. The 1960-61 Borough of Manhattan telephone directory lists the "Committee to Secure Justice for Morton Sobell" as being located at 940 Broadway, New York, New York. FOUR CONTINENT BOOK CORPORATION According to the records of the Foreign Agents Registration Section, United States Department of Justice, Washington, D. C., the Four Continent Book Corporation, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City, is registered under the provisions of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended. One of the foreign principals listed in this registration is the Mezhdunarodnaja Kniga (International Book), Moscow, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, . JULY 26TH MOVEMENT OF NEW YORK The July 26th Movement is a revolutionary organization founded and led by Fidel Castro, now Prime Minister of Cuba. NATION OF ISLAM, formerly referred to as the Muslim Cult of Islam, also known as Muhammad's Temples of Islam FRUIT OF ISLAM MUSLIM GIRLS TRAINING Nation of Islam In January, 1957, a source advised Elijah Muhammad has described his organization on a nationwide basis as the “Nation of Islam" and "Muhammad's Temples of Islam." On May 5, 1961, a second source advised: Elijah Muhammad is the national leader of the Nation of Islam (NOI). Muhammad's Temple of Islam No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, is the national headquarters of the NOI. In mid 1960 Muhammad and other NOI officials, when referring to Muhammad's organization on a nationwide basis, commenced using either "Mosque" or "Temple" when mentioning one of "Muhammad's Temples of Islam." T/11/6l SAC LETTER NO. 61-37 -5 - : NW 35044 Doocld: 32999526 Page 233
i t The NOI is an all-Negro organization which was originally organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. Muhammad claims to have been selected by Allah, the Swpreme Being, to ' lead the so-called Negro race out of slavery in the wilderness of North América by establishing an independemt black nation in the United States. Members following Muhammad '§ teaching and his interpretation of the “Koran" believe there'is no such ‘thing as a Negro; that the so-called Negroes are slaves of the white race, referred to as "white devils," im the United States; and that the white race, because of its exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and will be destroyed:in the approaching “War of Armageddon." in the past, officials and members of the NOI, in- cluding Muhammad, have refused to register under the provisions of the Selective Service Acts and have declared that members owe no allegiance to the United States. On May 5, 1958, the first source advised Muhammad had, upon advice of legal counsel, tempered his personal statements and instructions to his ministers concerning the principles of his organization in order to avoid possible prosecution by the United States Government; however, he did not indicate any fundamental changes in the teachings of his organization. On May 17, 1961, a third source advised: Muhammad had, early in July, 1958, decided to de-emphasize the religious aspects of the teachings of Islam and to stress the economic benefits to be derived by those Negroes who joined the NOI. This, policy change, according to Muhammad, would help him acquire additional followers and create more interest in his programs. ; Sources: DFLETED DELETE D DELETED- Fruit of Islam On May 5, 1961, a source advised that the Fruit of Islam (FOI) is a group within the Nation of Islam (NOI) composed of male members of the NOI. The purpose of the FOI is to protect officials and property of the NOI, assure compliance of members with NOI teachings and to prepare for the "War of Armageddon." Members of the FOI are required to participate in military drill and are afforded the opportunity to engage in judo training. T/A fel SAC LETTER NO. 61-37 -~ 6-+ MW 55044 Docld:32989526 Page 234
‘The FOI is governed by a military system wherein the members are controlled by general orders similar to those issued by regular military organizations. Source: DeCETED .Muslim Girls Training On May 19, 1960, a source advised that the Muslim Girls Training (Mar) is a group within the Nation of Islam (NOT) and is composed of all female members of the NOI. The MGT is Similar in structure to the Fruit of Islam (FOI), which is composed of male members of the NOI, in that the MGT has officers similar to military organizations to whom other female members are account- able. MGT members receive instructions in homemaking, hygiene, calisthenics, and other subjects such as Muslim history and the English language. There also exists a Junior MGT, which is composed of female members of the NOI who are between the ages of 15 and 19 and who are afforded military-type drill. Since 1957, various officers and "sisters" of the MGT _ have, ah meetings of the MGT, used the term MGT so that it also means General Civilization Class. General Civilization Class refers to classes conducted within the MGT. The above refers to activities of the MGT at Muhammad's Temple of Islam No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood, Chicago, Illinois. On May 17, 1961, another source advised that the MGT is a group within the NOI which is composed of all female members of the NOI. The MGT is similar in structure to the FOI, which is composed of male members of the NOI. In theory, the MGT exists -In all Temples of the NOI and is patterned after the MGT at Muhammad's Temple of Islam No. 2, Chicago. General Civilization Class refers to the collective group of classes held within the MGT. Sources: PELETED ‘ DELETED 2S NATIONAL COMMITTEE TO ABOLISH THE UN-~AMERICAN ACTIVITIES COMMITTEE On May 3, 1961, a source advised that the National Committee to Abolish the Un~American Activities Committee was organized in August, 1960, at Los Angeles, California, to stimulate new and utilize all efforts of interested individuals and organi- zations in a national campaign to promote public education leading T/1l1/6l SAC LETTER NO. 61-37 ~7- WHW55044—Docld:32989526 Page 235 |
NW 55044 Doocld:32989526 Page 236 ss to political action to abolish the House Committee on Un- American Activities (HCUA). The National Committee to Abolish the Un-American Activities Committee will not duplicate the work of other Civil Liberties organizations, which include the abolition of the HCUA as a part of their program, but will encourage the coordination and consolidation of all their efforts for abolition, and will promote new efforts in those Congressional Districts where education and political action for abolition have ' not.been initiated. Frank Wilkinson is the Field Representative of the National Committee to Abolish the Un-American Activities Com- mittee. According to the source, Wilkinson periodically confers with Dorothy Healey, Chairman, Southern California District Communist Party, and is in close touch with other leading com- munist functionaries in the Los Angeles area. Another source on September 17, 1952, advised that Frank Wilkinson was a Communist Party member as of September, 1952. o- Sources: DELETED a ef, POLITICAL AFFAIRS In "The Worker," an east coast communist weekly news- paper, issue of March 5, 1961, the editor of "Political Affairs" identified the latter publication as an organ of.the National Committee of the Communist Party, USA, published monthly. ‘e A (PROGRESSIVE YOUTH ORGANIZING COMMITTEE On February 9, 1961, a source advised that the Progressive Youth Organizing Committee (PYOC) was established at a national socialist-oriented youth conference held in Chicago, Illinois, December 30, 1960, through January 1, 1961. This conference was the result of a mandate. issued by the National Executive Committee, Communist Party, USA, calling for a youth conference to establish ‘an organizing committee whose objective would be to set up a national socialist-oriented youth organization. The conference scheduled a convention to be held within a year to found a new national socialist-oriented youth organization. The PYOC has its office in Room 638, 80 East llth Street, New York, New York. Source: PELLETED 7/11/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-37 - 8 -
VALERA WW 55044 Docld:32989526 Page 237 /~ RUSSKY GOLOS PUBLISHING CORPORATION A source advised on April 27, 1961, that “Russky Golos" is a Russian language newspaper which has consistently followed the Communist Party (CP) line and supports the same issues as the CPUSA. It is published by the Russky Golos Publishing Corporation at 130 East 16th Street, New York City. It was in- corporated in the State of New York on January 11, 1917. The source said that "Russky Golos" was formerly the organ of the "Russian Section" of the International Workers Order (IWO). Since the dissolution of the IWO by the New York Courts in 1954, the “Russian Section" is no longer known as such, but has been organized into Russian Cultural and Aid Society groups which continue to support "Russky Golos" financially and look on "Russky Golos" as the organ of these groups. The CPUSA and the IWO have been designated by the Attorney General of the United States pursuant to Executive Order LUTIDV. Source: DELETED pT” Zi, TASS NEWS AGENCY Tass News Agency is an official Soviet Government news gathering organization, with headquarters in Moscow, Russia, and branches throughout the world. . Very truly yours, John Edgar Hoover Director T/11/6l SAC LETTER NO. 61-37 “9 =
PERSONAL ATTENTION SAC LETTER NO, 61-38 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION In Reply, Please Refer to July 18, 1961 WASHINGTON 25, BD. c File No. (A)-’ TRAINING - FILMS -- Since the films "The FBI," "The FBI Front" and “You Can't Get Away with It" are old and outmoded, Bureau desires that they no longer be used for police training purposes, or in connection with speeches. Commitments already made for the use of these films should be handled; however, no further commitments should be made. Those offices having permanent retention copies of any of these films should destroy them after present commitments are handled. T/18/6l ; UG LETTER NO. 61-38 . 5 (B) “. FEDERAL EMPLOYEES HEALTH BENEFITS PROGRAM -- The “open season" enrollment period between the first and sixteenth inclusive of October, 1961, will provide an opportunity for all eligible | employees to change plans if they so desire. Also, during this period an employee who previously elected not to enroll may register to enroll, provided he is otherwise eligible. 2 The Bureau has been advised by the Civil Service Com- mission (CSC) that training sessions will be conducted by their regional offices starting on or about August 15, 1961, for the various Government field establishments in preparation for the "open season." This training will cover "open season" regulations, plans and procedures; changes in Health Benefits plans and other items of interest to agency representatives with Health Benefits responsibilities. You should assure that your representative or representatives responsible for the supervision of this program in your office are in attendance in order to be properly prepared for the forthcoming "open season." If not previously advised, it is suggested that you contact the appropriate CSC regional office in order to be apprised of the date and location of the training conference. Subscriber kits for maintaining records of medical expenses required for claiming supplemental benefits are being - made available by Blue Cross-Blue Shield for employees who are enrolled in the Service Benefit Plan. These kits can be obtained from the local Blue Cross-Blue Shield office and should be furnished to employees presently enrolled in this plan. A supply of these kits should be maintained for distribution, to new enrollees. Similar kits have been made available to SAMBA members. ‘ MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 236
(C)” TELEPHONES - SECURITY OF FBI TELEPHONE LINES -- Individuals having background as telephone men and electricians could be a good source of information to individuals or organizations engaged in subversive, criminal or racial activities if these individuals or organizations choose to use their training and background in an attempt to monitor FBI telephone facilities, Therefore, you are instructed to immediately review the security procedures involving telephone lines used by your office to insure that maximum security is maintained. There is a present requirement that field office telephone lines be checked quarterly and resident agency lines annually. These security checks should not be performed on such a highly regular basis that a pattern is established as to the time they are conducted. AS you are aware, these checks are a@ precautionary measure and cannot guarantee absolute security of office and resident agency lines. Since these checks guarantee security only at the time they are performed, personnel should be most circumspect as to the nature of their conversation over outside telephone lines. It is noted that a security check of telephone lines requires a review of confidential telephone company records and physical observation of the Bureau telephone lines located with the telephone company central office (a space accessible only to telephone company employees), and it is necessary to have the coopération of the telephone company officials and craftsmen. Careful consideration, therefore, should be given to the attitude and background, particularly regarding security, racial and criminal matters, of local telephone company employees contacted in that these individuals are also in a position to assist any person or group interested in tapping telephones. 7/18/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-38 (D)...LAW ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCES - 1961 BANK ROBBERY AND INCIDENTAL CRIMES -- SAC Letter 61-26 (C) advised that it might be necessary to include data concerning any ‘Tegislation which might become law prior to September 1, 1961, in the programs of Law Enforcement Conferences scheduled for 1961. This legislation is still pending ‘and is being closely followed. You will be immediately advised in the event any of the legislation passes so that you may include discussions of it in your conference programs. 7/18/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-38 -~2- NW 55044 Doocld: 32989526 Page 239 AER ALP TA WU AB ls ETM BEAD ENCARTA ETSY EON ENERO 4 ¥ rs
To aid you in the preparation of 1961 conferences, there will be an article in the August issue of the FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin concerning bank robberies. Reprints of this article along with others from past Law Enforcement Bulletins and a selection of booklets will be furnished each office for distribution at these conferences. A national press release concerning the conferences will be made prior to September 1, 1961. Suggested press release will be furnished each office well enough in advance for local use. Each Division should promptly furnish the Bureau by routing slip to the attention of Crime Research Section, the total attendance expected, and sufficient material for distri- bution at the conferences will be furnished by the Bureau. In addition, at the completion of your conferences you should advise the Training and Inspection Division the names of the chief executives of local law enforcement agencies attending your conferences. Names of other prominent persons in attend- ance should be included on this list. Upon completion of the conference, furnish the Bureau, attention Training and Inspection Division, comments of participants, and any suggestions or criticisms which would . be of assistance in planning future conferences of this type. 7/18/61 . ; SAC LETTER NO. 61-38 ' Ra (Z) USE OF IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE INTERPRETERS -- In an effort to improve existing interpreting facilities avail- able to the field, the Bureau has discussed with Immigration .and Naturalization Service (INS) headquarters the number and type of interpreters used by INS and whether or not its inter- preters could periodically be used by the Bureau. INS has available throughout the field, principally in larger cities, € small staff of interpreters who are full-time employees of INS. Additionally, each local INS office maintains a roster of private individuals who can be used by INS on a contract basis in emergency situations. The latter individuals are paid when necessary on an hourly basis. No investigation of the latter group is conducted although, in some instances, INS makes a national agency check if repeated use of a particular individual is contemplated. INS has no objection to the Bureau's use of either its employees or the nonemployee type, pointing out that, where employees are involved, arrangements could be worked out on a local level and, in the nonemployee type, the INS local office will provide the 7/18/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-38 -~3-° NW 35044 Doold:i 32989526 Page 240 Le Fearn arane ReNs Ure, f 2 are IS
identities of specific individuals capable of handling inter- preting work and the Bureau could make its own arrangements regarding the use of these individuals. To implement its offer of assistance in this regard, INS is sending appropriate instructions to each INS field office. As initially indicated, INS interpreting assistance, ‘as well as that available locally through other intelligence agencies of the Government, previously approved, is to be used only when Bureau personnel qualified to handle interpreting work or already established Bureau sources utilized as interpreters are not available or the expense of securing one from another Bureau field division cannot be justified by the routine nature of the particular interview involved. Further, you are aware that outside interpreting assistance is sought and-utilized only in routine, nonsensitive, exploratory’ interviews and, in these instances, if unresolved questions developor the individual being interviewed begins to produce sensitive data, the preliminary interview should be gracefully terminated and steps taken to conduct a reinter- view with qualified Bureau interpreting personnel. In substance, therefore, if a need arises in your office for an interpreter in a routine, nonsensitive investi- gative matter and no previously established interpreting source is readily available, you may consult the nearest local office of INS and determine if the desired interpreting assistance can be provided. If the individual recommended by INS is not an employee, his name should be checked through field office indices, through local informants and established sources, credit and criminal checks made and Bureau indices checked. If financial reimbursement to this individual will be required, Bureau approval must be obtained. Once you have established a satisfactory relationship with an individual interpreter in this category, no further contact with INS concerning his use is necessary. In order that the Bureau might assess, the potential value of this step, each office should maintain statistical data showing the number of times INS employee-interpreters are utilized by your office, the language involved, the number of hours they expend on behalf of the Bureau, the number of interviews they participate in and any unusual or exceptional Services performed. No statistical data is necessary concerning the nonemployee type. A letter containing requested statistical data covering the last six months of 1961 should be submitted to the Bureau by January 15, 1962. A second letter covering the first six months of 1962 should be submitted by July 15, 1962. Very truly yours, 7/18/61 John Edgar Hoover SAC LETTER NO 61-38 - 4. Director MeL 55044 Docld: 32989526 Page 241 | — A _
PERSONAL ATTENTION ETTER NO. Ol- UNITED STATES DEPARTMEN “Or dUSTICE 1-39 FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION In Reply, Please Refer to July 25, 1961 WASHINGTON 25, D. c. File No, : . (A). COMMUNICATIONS - MESSAGE PRIORITIES - ENCODED MESSAGES -- Dis- cretion, common sense and good judgment should be used in assigning the priority "Urgent" to teletype and radio messages. Assigning an "Urgent" priority to a message which does not require immediate action serves only to delay the handling of messages which are actually of an urgent and important. nature and require immediate action. - The sending of a nonurgent matter in encoded form with an "Urgent" priority is a serious mistake in judgment, especially if it is sent when skeleton shifts are on duty after regular hours or on weekends. Encoded communications cannot be read, evaluated, or their real urgency determined until they are actually decoded. The receipt at any office of a nonurgent communication in encoded form bearing an "Urgent" priority may delay the decoding and delivery to officials and supervisors of an urgent and important communication received at the same time. : Lengthy encoded communications should not be sent to the _ Bureau or to a field office on Friday concerning matters requiring no action until the following Monday. Matters of this nature should be transmitted by airtel, using airmail and special delivery where appropriate. 7/25/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-39 (B) ILLUSTRATED BROCHURE ("VISUAL. PRESENTATIONS") - COOPERATIVE FUNCTIONS OF EXHIBITS SECTION -- Re SAC Letter Number 60-43 (E), September 13, 1960. . Requests for visual aids have moderately increased as a result of the dissemination of captioned brochure; however, requests for- investigative and prosecutive aids are not widely distributed, indicating a need for all field divisions to be continually alert to the value of utilizing the specialized services available through the Exhibits Section. For example, approximately fifteen divisions regularly request the preparation of artists' conceptions of unknown subjects, charts and diagrams for antitrust and price-fixing investi- gations, scale drawings for use in Federal Tort Claims Act cases, three-dimensional scale models in criminal prosecutions, et cetera. Nee 35044 Doold:i 32989526 Page 242
NW 55044 Doeld: 32989526 Page 243 A copy of this brochure is now being made available to each” United States Attorney in attendance at the United States Attorneys' Conferences in Washington, D. Cc. It is to be noted that the requirement of obtaining prior Bureau approval for discussing possible services of the Exhibits Section with United States Attorneys has been removed from all brochures (last paragraph, page III) furnished to the United States Attorneys. Requests for the preparation of demonstrative evidence should be brought to the Bureau's attention whenever the United States Attorney is of the opinion that visual aids are required in the prosecution of those cases wherein the FBI has primary investigative Jurisdiction. JA, In the interest of assisting-law enforcement agencies to fully realize the advantages of utilizing visual aids in connection with investigative and prosecutive matters, it is desired that your office will, when the occasion arises, exhibit the brochure and discuss with police officials the extent to which the Bureau has developed the use of trial exhibits in bringing cases of national importance to satisfactory conclusions. Due to the limited staff of specialized technicians maintained to prepare trial exhibits in Federal violations, the services of the Bureau's Exhibits Section cannot be honored in cases where the FBI is without jurisdiction. In the event police officials indicate an interest in obtaining a copy of this brochure, the Bureau should be advised of your recommendation. ‘ 7/25/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-39 ~2-
(Cc) FUGITIVE PROGRESS LETTER -- Furnish Bureau by tenth of month number of probation violator cases obtained as result of Bureau's expanded jurisdiction in such matters. Furnish results to date within on: week of receipt of this letter. Thereafter incorporate under above caption along with other data presently submitted in one letter with following subheadings: , re (1) Unlawful flight complaints filed —~ (2) Identity of replacements for Ten Most Wanted Fugitives Program (3) Fugitive deadlines missed (4) Probation violator cases obtained as to: a. Cases wherein Bureau had original jurisdiction, and b. Cases obtained under expanded jurisdiction Submit original and one copy. No abstract is required. t (Security Letters on attached pages) 7/25/61 - SAC LETTER NO. 61-39 ~3- NW 55044 Doocld: 32989526 Page 244 ———
(D) REPORT WRITING = STREAMLINING - SECURITY REPORTS -- Reference is made to SAC Letter Number 61-31 (J) dated June 6, 1961. Referenced SAC Letter authorized the utilization of' narrative-type statements in security reports. It was pointed out that this particular type reporting was susceptible to use primarily in cases of extensive activity in subversive organizations. A review of reports submitted subsequent to referenced SAC Letter reveals that attempts are being made to utilize narrative- type reporting in cases in which little subversive activity has occurred. In such instances the reports must be detailed in order to present as complete a picture as possible of the subject's activities in order that a proper determination may be made with respect to his Security Index status. Instances have been noted of attempts to weave into one narrative statement information received from more than one source. This practice is contrary to the instructions contained in referenced SAC Letter. In reporting that a subject has attended meetings of a particular organization during a certain period of time, the number of meetings must be specified. When reporting a subject's attendance at a specific affair, set forth not only the date of the activity but the date the information was received. Likewise, in utilizing a narrative statement to report a subject's activities, you must specify the period of time covered. Following identification of the source to which the information in the narrative statement is attributed, specify inclusive dates of the informant reports; for example, T- i (July 1, 1960, to June 15, 1961). I want to again stress the necessity for reporting in detail all information tending to establish a person's knowledge of the basic aims and purposes of the subversive organization with which affiliated, as well as all information tending to establish that a subject’ holds revolutionary and/or anarchist beliefs. 7/25/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-39 (5). EAST GERMAN INTELLIGENCE -- A recent defection of an East German Intelligence Service (EGIS) staff officer who was assigned to the Hauptverwaltung Aufklaerung (HVA) has furnished insight 7/25/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-39 ~ 4. _ Nw S5044 Doold: 32999526 Page 245
eoncerning present and prospective EGIS activities in the United States. The defector was assigned to the section of HVA which is concerned with operations against continental United States and South America. According to this source's knowledge, HVA has agents inside the continental United States -number of agents residing in South America and targeted against United States installations there have thus far been identified by him. to the source's knowledge, HVA agents are presently located in the United States, he is providing information on a number of who are targets for HVA recruitment or have already been recruited by the HVA. All of these recruited agents are presently residing The source did furnish the names of individuals of interest to HVA who are currently residing These individuals are currently the subjects of investigation by Prior to his open defection, this source furnished information that an effort was being made by the EGIS to recruit who reside in the United States. Fulfillment ‘of this would be accomplished by (a) METHODS Third AGENCY CoWS/IDPERATION 7/25/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-39 st Be a7 Freee mem ew ee WW 55044 Docld: 32989506 Page 246 a _ _ roo —
In view of the above and the EGIS plan concerning | immigrants to the United States, all offices are instructed | to give close attention to investigations concerning immigrants who formerly resided in Instructions concerning these investigations as set forth in Section 105 E of the Manual of Instructions should be given close adherence. Regarding EGIS interest in visitors from the United States to East and West Germany, for some time the Bureau has had available information concerning DATA IDENTIFYiné TECHRIGLE DELETED individuals in the United States and East and West Germany as_ - provided by the_ gerarmiTyY c& Seouee en DELETED : \ Much of the information received is of a buSiness or - personal nature and is furnished to the field office covering the individual's residence for information. In the future, offices receiving information from this source should give particular attention to indications of recent or future travel to East and West Germany. In the event of indicated travel, a discreet investigation should be conducted to obtain hackpround data and information concerning the individual's employment and activities. The results of such inquiries should be furnished to the Bureau. If the investigation indicates the subject to be a@ likely prospect for EGIS recruitment, the results should be accompanied by your recommendation for or against interview of the individual subject. While interviews will not normally be considered of individuals prior to travel to East Germany, in-exceptional cases where unusual informant potential might exist, these also should be submitted for consideration. ~ Very truly yours, John Edgar Hoover Director 7/25/61 | SAC LETTER’ NO. 61-39 . -6- \ NW_55044_ Docld:32989526 Page 247 a |
PERSONAL “ “NO NUMBER SAC LETTER 61-D UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION In Reply, Please Refer to July 24, 1961 WASHINGTON 25, D. C. File No. a RE: BUREAU CODES «% AFSAM 7 One set of AFSAM 7 key lists for months of September, October and November, 1961, being forwarded separately to all divisions except Washington Field which will receive none; three copies being furnished Bureau's Emergency Relocation Site; and — three copies Seat of Government Code Room. Acknowledge receipt of key lists promptly by routing Slip, indicating serial numbers which appear thereon; return address label of individual tamperproofed envelope containing keys even though torn when package opened; and destroy, by burning, each monthly sheet thirty days after last effective Gate thereof, advising Bureau promptly by routing slip, attention FBI Laboratory, this has been done. It is essential address label mentioned above be returned in order to control security of shipment. Very truly yours, John Edgar Hoover Director | WW 55044 Doeld: 329689526 Page 246
are In Reply, Please Refer to August 8, 1961 WASHINGTON 25, D. G. File No. (A) FBI SUGGESTION PROGRAM -- A decline in the number of suggestions PERSONAL ATTENTION SAC LETTER NO. 61-42 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION submitted under the FBI Suggestion Program was experienced during fiscal year 1961 when 700 suggestions were submitted in comparison to 1870 during fiscal year 1960. Of the latter total 910 were sub- mitted to the Suggestions Desk, while 960 were handied by the various TE employees! streamlining committees. SAC Letter 60-45 (G) dated 9/27/60 instructed that all suggestions were to be submitted directly to me without consideration or recommendation by streamlining committees. However, even limiting consideration to the 910 suggestions handled by the Suggestions Desk in fiscal year 1960, there was still a decrease of 210 suggestions in fiscal year 1961. In addition the percentage of adoptions decreased from 35.66% to 31.4% and awards and estimated savings from $900 to $641 and $78,888.73 to $22,284.67 respectively. Following is a comparison of submissions by each field office and legal attache office for fiscal years 1960 and 1961 respectively: Office 1960 Albany ; 12 Albuquerque 16 Anchorage 1 Atlanta 11 Baltimore el Birmingham Boston Buffalo Butte Charlotte Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Dallas Denver Detroit El Paso Honolulu _Houston Indianapolis Jacksonville Kansas City Knoxville Little Rock 1,0] Ie UINWONrH MO a] “NM COON O FiO“ NW 55044 Doold: 32989526 Page 249 Increase or 1961 Decrease 11 --1 10 - 8 7. + 5 - 6 1 ~20 5 + 3 10 + 1 1 - 1 0) ~~ i 7 13 + 4 16 ~27 3 + 1 3 -~12 + 3 - 6 5 +1 1 + 1 3 - 4 4 - 4 7. - 1 5 + 3° 11 + 4
Increase or Legat_Offices 1960 1961 Decrease Ottawa 0 0 Paris 0 1 +1 Rio de Janeiro 0 (@) Rome 0 0 Tokyo 2 7 5 The foregoing figures are paradoxical. The degree of partici- pation in the Suggestion Program is a good indication of the interest of each office in the improvement of the Bureau's operations. With the expansion of our work and the new challenges we face almost daily, it is inconceivable that the tempo of suggestions should decline. The fact that thirty offices fell appreciably behind last year's figures is, in the absence of sound reasons to the contrary, an apparent indictment of the personal leadership afforded by SACs, ASACs, and supervisory personnel to this vital program. Fresh ideas calculated to promote greater economy and efficiency in all our operations should be the concern of every member of our organization and it is the particular responsibility of those in supervisory capacities to encourage and spur the sub- - mission of worthwhile ideas. The aim and purpose of our efforts should not be to generate suggestions for the sake of numerical increase in submissions but to make certain that the Bureau receives. the benefit of substantial, qualitative, constructive ideas designed to insure that our resources are used to the best possible advantage. To this end, the Bureau is at all times interested in receiving any suggestions concerning ways to stimulate the Suggestion Program. 8/8/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-42 (B) "LEGAL ATTACHE OPERATIONS --MANILA, PHILIPPINES -- Effective August 13, 1961, the Bureau is establishing a Legal Attache Office in Manila, Philippines. The areas which Legal Attache, Manila, will cover, together with areas covered by the other foreign offices, are set out alphabetically below. The Bureau desires to re-emphasize that domestic field offices should exploit our foreign offices to ‘the fullest extent possible in connection with requested coverage by foreign offices of leads developed in the course of domestic investigation. In addition to specific leads, all field offices should remain alert for information of general interest to our foreign offices. The Legal Attaches have advised that there has been a lack of 8/8/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-42 -J- NW 55044 Docld: 32989526 Page 251
such information, particularly in the criminal field, and this . information is of great value to the Legal Attaches as “trading material" with their sources abroad. Countries Covered Offices Covering Algeria Paris Argentina Rio de Janeiro Austria Bonn . Balearic Islands Madrid Belgium Paris Brazil Rio de Janeiro Canada Ottawa, and border offices under certain circumstances Canary Islands — Madrid Costa Rica Mexico City ~ Denmark London El Salvador Mexico City England London Formosa — Tokyo France Paris Germany Bonn Gibraltar Madrid Greece Rome Guatemala Mexico City Honduras Mexico City Hong Kong ‘ Tokyo International Zone of Tangier Madrid Italy Rome Japan Tokyo Luxembourg Paris Mexico Mexico City Monaco Paris Morocco Madrid Netherlands Bonn Nicaragua Mexico City Northern Ireland : London ~~ Norway London Okinawa Tokyo: Philippines Manila Portugal - Madrid Republic of Ireland London Scotland London Singapore Manila South Korea Tokyo 8/8/61 SAC LETTER NO. 61-42 ~ 4. MW 55044 Docld: 329899526 Page 252
Spain Madrid ; Sweden _  ,. London Switzerland . Paris Thailand , Manila Turkey Rome Uruguay Rio de Janeiro | . Wales London For further information on the functions and responsi- bilities of the Legal Attaches and the proper manner of setting forth leads to be covered by Legal Attache Offices, you should refer to Section 102, E, of the Manual of Instructions. (Security Letter on attached page) 8/8/61 SAC LETTER NO, 61-42 -~5 - — Ni OL. : e253
(c) ‘TRAVEL CONTROLS - CUBA -- Section 87D, page 33, Manual of ,instructions, details the procedure to be followed concerning foreign travel by subjects of-current or past security investigations and certain other individuals with subversive backgrounds. A volume of data concerning travel to Cuba by U. S. citizens and resident aliens of the United States not previously of security interest to us is being received at the Bureau. Current regulations, in effect since January 19, 1961, require that U. S. citizens possess valid passports Specifically endorsed to authorize travel to Cuba before departing for that country. Resident aliens must have authorization from Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) before performing such travel. Section 1185, Titie 8, U. S. Code, and Part 53, Title 22, Code of Federal Regulations, are applicable and Section 1185 provides penalties of not more than $5,000 fine or more than five years! imprisonment, or both, when illegal travel is performed by U. 8S. citizens. INS has authority to deny re-entry to resident aliens who did not have specific authority to leave the United States for Cuba. Existing instructions in Section 87D, Manual of Instructions, still apply in cases where travelers to Cuba fall within the specified categories. In cases not covered by provisions therein the field should, upon receipt of information indicating unauthorized travel . to Cuba has occurred, conduct sufficient investigation to positively identify the individual involved, review indices, attempt to determine reason for travel through available sources, and furnish Bureau memoranda suitable for dissemination under individual captions containing the results thereof. Copies of the memoranda should be furnished INS locally in cases involving resident aliens and naturalized citizens. All offices should remain alert for information eoncerning violations but no investigation in addition to that outlined above is desired without specific Bureau instructions. fo Very truly yours, John Edgar Hoover Director 8/8/61 Bre) O) eR NO. 61-42 - 6 - MW 35044 Doocld: 32959526 Page 254
PERSONAL ATTENTION LETTER NO, 601-47 : SAC UNITED STATES. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION In Reply, Please Refer to September 5, 1961 WASHINGTON 25, D. Cc. (A) °. FBI NATIONAL ACADEMY APPLICANTS - PUBLICITY -- In connection ba with appointments of local police officers to the FBI National ~ Academy, it is customary for me to address a letter to the head of the police agency of each applicant who is to be invited. At the Same time, you are authorized to release pertinent facts concerning such appointments to the press. In order to obtain wider press coverage of such appointments, you should consider the advisability of personally congratulating officers invited to the FBI National Academy and arranging for the taking of appropriate photographs. It would then be possible for these photographs and pertinent data concerning the applicant and the FBI National Academy to be released to interested news outlets in your area. This procedure can best be followed when the invited officers are from areas close to your headquarters city. In those cases where the officers reside in outlying areas, the suggested procedure would be inadvisable. 9/5/61 - SAC LETTER NO. 61-47 . - (B)--- AUTOMOBILES - 1960-1961 PLYMOUTH CARS-PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE -- The contract garage in one of the Bureau offices recommends _repacking the rear wheel bearings in Chrysler-product cars at 10,000 mile intervals, although the Plymouth Service Manual reflects this is not necessary. This service was performed on two Bureau vehicles as a preventive-maintenance measure. Subsequent contact with the Chrysler Motor Company reflects their engineers do not feel this service necessary or warranted and they do not recommend. Under no circumstances should the rear wheels be repacked as a maintenance procedure without prior Bureau approval. | (Cc)... FBI NATIONAL ACADEMY - STXTY-NINTH SESSION -- The 69th Session of the FBI National Academy will begin on Monday, March 19, 1962, and will graduate on Wednesday, June 6, 1962. It is desired that you submit to the Bureau by October 13, 1961, the names of the candidates from your territory whom you desire to recommend to attend that session. Your attention is called to instructions previously given as to the procedures to be followed in nominating candidates to attend the Academy, and it is desired that you strictly comply with existing instructions. . “ALL candidates recommended for attendance at the Academy must be personally known to the SAC. The SAC must have conducted a formal interview with each candidate being recommended unless such ‘ MW 55044 Docld: 32989526 Page 255 L