a oa . Seep AETREOD AGRE CATT = 104-10064-10012 meee My DISPATCH | Loe _f a bet Loe * . WAhT ES FOR cacd Wee a 29 MOLE ACQuRED Chief, WoMUSE/106 heen REFERENCES . [__‘|7263 As noted in reference, forwarded herewith is a copy of the sub- :. | | ject memorandum, Please note that the information in the memorandum , Paragraph B. 4. b) is particularly sensitive and should only be given properly restricted dissemination. a | as J. hy boy . Distribution 2 - C/SB Div w/1. cy attach a | | “.. 1 = C/FE w/l cy attach — . no ; ; . - on 1 - C/OMUSE/TCG w/1 attach ae ' 4 "ATTACHMENT | . Memo dtd 27 Nov 67
a BEHEIREN and. the ) Four us. mewy, Desertors: " Qrigsm and ond Dovelopnent of of : BENSIREH. Founding: . BEHEIREN (Jay an "peace for Vietnam" Com: ys was organized in Apri Fs) a por theca. Se? ndependent group of intellectunis and cultured persons whose purpose was “to help restore peace in Vietnam.“ Actually, it. ig a loosely organized group of ex-JCP.mesbers, progressive -_ intellectuals, leftist cultured persons, and leftwing students. - banded together in the name of opposition to the Vietnam war. ay by two common denominators, dedicated anti-Americanism and - at refusal to be dominated or controlled ay the orthodox x Joya Communist Party. = De . wot. t 3 Hard-Core Secretariat: - the real force behind the orgenizetion Of BSHSINGN, right from the beginning to the ~ . present, has been a brilliant Communist named YOSHIKAWA — a Xuichi, whose conspiratorial organizational skills have ~ age een perhaps the most indispensible ingredients in BEEEBIREN‘’s development. YOSHIKAWA was expelled from Tokyo University -: pepe for his role as a ZENGAKUREN leader in the 1960 U.S./Japan : Security Treaty riots. He then went into fulltime JCP mass°° |. movenent professional work, becoming the Secretariat officials in charge of international relations for the Japan Peace = oe Committee. YCSRIBAWA breke with the JCP in late 1964, | following the rupture in relations between the JCP and CPSU -in May that year. The inspiration for BEEEIREN springs in. “large measure from YOSBIKAWA's personal desire to use his ‘ erganizational talents in countering the JCP and its Japan . Peace Committee. ‘YOSHIEAWA, in addition to being a weil - qualified English linguist himself’, years: ago surrounded -himself with a small following of similarly qualified - Lieutenants, whom he brought along into BEREIREN to give. him the necessary depth and experience to run this nevw © - organization. |: YOSHIKAWA functions | as HEHEIREN's, Secretary Generale...
14-00000 be “Rospoctapte | Intellectual Front: Following funda- “pental Comnunist principles for mass Front: | rotiocing (better “than the JCP itself follows these tenets), the ex-JCP ' organizers of BEREIREN kept themselves in’ the background ‘and lined up a number of prominent Japanese: progressive | intellectuais and leftist cultured persons to front for — BEREIREN. The choice of ODA Makoto, ex-Fulbrighter and _ “| pepular young novelist, to be the chief front man - Chair- “ gan - Was an extremely lucky stroke for BEHEIREN. ODA has _ = taken to this grand-standing, front work like a duck to. 09... - Water. It has given him a chance to give unbridled vent to: °° °. *- Bis own latent anti-American feelings, puffed him up to the oo '. extent that he has been dubbed “the emperor” by other BEHEIREN - “- gotivista, and given him at long last en ideological mission . 2.) ~ to pursue. YOSHIKAWA has performed magnificently in feeding =~. > ODA's ego needs and in infusing and indoctrinating ODA so. wes .. that his words and actions take on sufficiently virulent © Soe -anti-Anerican overtones, ODA has served another vital . ce ' function for BEHEIREN by recruiting a sizeable number of. , . fellow intellectuals to join the ranks of BEHEIREN activists. . .* (Attachment 1 is a listing of a number of those Japanese who © - “S have era.) identified ag active BERRIREN f Suppor ters or Sympa~ re thizers. SO ‘ Organizational Development: In “Sts 2 V2. year “history, 2 a ERERTREN has not appreciably changed its organizational format, -. .. @ilthough it has moved its office three times and modified its .-. - Mame even oftener. BEREIREN is not a “mass organization”, he-~ _. | Cause it has had no :wsizeable popular backing to the present . a time. Its hard core, secretariat organization is run by . Tae . YOSHIKAWA and his lieutenants. Its public image, intellectual . front is led by ODA, and given body by a score of like-minded “intellectual friends of ODA and YOSHIKAGA, who form the loose... - . body of BEBEIREN's activist leadership... Under this BEDEIREN ... leadership superstructure lies a paltry base of only several “ hundred BEHEIREN “rank-and-file“;:supporters, mostly young coe Japanese students. Organizationally, BEHEIREN has no formal ': membership system, so its base of supporters is fluid and not | _ . precisely measurazble. However, the base support for BSHEIREN — sh ‘hss definitely been on the upswing during 1967, and made such. *. : notable strides during the past summer that JCP Headquarters. = . efficiais finally felt constrained to note with concern that ~  . : BEBEIREN was beginning to drain off a growing number of pro; ' gregsive youth who otherwise would have been absorbed into oO . the JCP's own youth movement. BEHEIREN leaders.have tried to. . - help this growth along by setting up a youth section, calling - dt "Young BEHEIREN.” BERRIREN‘'s imaginative actions and  . -. publicity-conscious programs have been responsible for its _ ot recent growth, aad this period of ‘growth scons | to be mow on
the verge ‘of really picking up speed. and momentum. “AB a ‘result. has reaped bountiful publicity, has succeeded in touching a . ing a floodgate of support for BEHEIREN from all over Japan. =. - When this case fades from the limelight, it is stall most = “ likely that a fair percentage of current wave of_popular oe support for BEHEIREN will i ermanent mass backing, — ' giving Bs or the first tine, a ne - Support its future activities, . a 5. Activities and Accomplishmenta: " BEEETREN: has. engaged” - dim a number of propaganda actions, and. participated in anter~ - national anti~Vietnam War activities. It has tried to co- =... ‘operate with certain front activities in Japan controlled by. - the JCP, most notably the Japan Committee to investigate War | Crimes in Vietnam activitiés, which culminated in the Tokyo — by the JCP. In spite of this, BEHEIREN has churned along at. - its own pace, with a continuing series of anti-Vietnan war: oe _actions, most of.them related in some way to the American ~ ' pacifist movement. In this regard, BEHEIREN has succeeded in pacifist movements, and has effectually capitalized on this to . promote its own action program. The case of the four deserting. sailors, while an apparent lucky windfall Zor BEHEIREN, only ‘points up the fact that BEHSIREN, through past organizational ' work and promotional activities, was “johnny-on-~the-spot", — 7 . geady and capable (unique in Japan in this regard) to take - the ball and run with it. BEMEIREN ran all the way in this” - since its founding. Attachment 3 is a partial listing of . American and other foreign persons known to have been in. _ Contact with or cooperated with BEHEIREN. >. we aoe © How It Started: | ‘The consensus of all available overt medin material, with no recorded dissent, indicates that the a four sailors voluntarily left their ship, went AWOL, and ended up wallowing around Tokyo's hippie-land. Precisely what - personal grievances prompted the four to embark on this mis-adventure is | ~ not yet known. But, up to this point, the four could fairly be” categorized as misguided youngsters, gone astray in a foreign - _aand, and due to get slapped back in line with traditional . - ‘back to the es So far, this made their | cases far: from. woe ae SECRET. of its role in the case of the four deserting sailors, BEEEIREN °. delicate Japanese public nerve of sympathy and pacifism, open= 5: - Court of last Atigust, but has been soundly and rudely rea.” Le - cornering a virtual monopoly on Japanese contacts with the U. So ~ ease and scored its most notable success since it was organized.) _ (Attachment 2 is a listing of BEHBIREN's more notable aoe Attog | B. The Case of the Four Sailor Deserters and BEEIREN. | ae = - i. ” Navy justice when they finally decided to stop the fun and BO oS
14-00000 aes . cat hs ye eS : meg . f ret ing _ 3 How ‘at Becane an Incident: ~ But imstoad © uraing teeta ship ip of their ovn volition or being apprehended by. the ' Shere Patrol, the four made contact with BEEBEIREN leaders Acnin, press reports indicate that this was just a coincidence, that there was nO pre-planning by the four to contact BEWBIREN, There are Do available overt nor ‘covert reports that indicate ”° Senorwise.; But, once the BEHEIREN people’ made contact, they — 4 yecognized the potential immediately and moved fast for the > Ball. (Attachment 4 ie a Yomiuri Newspaper clipping, 22 Nov- . ‘ember 1967, that is both a representative and comprehensive -gecount of this phase of the case. Even if this articie sbould contain some minor inaccuracies, the basic iine seens factual and bas not been challenged eleeuhere. >. to a " BENEIREN Takes Over: ‘When the four made contact with EEEETREN- $t suddenly became an entirely different baligane. | -? BEREIREN had everything needed to capitalize on this: veteran activist leaders who are experienced enough to recognize the -windfall that had come their way; an apparatus that could. provide hiding places for the four; long standing liaison | contacts with Soviet Embassy officia for use in pienning exit from Japan; solid conta reliabie Anecrican . pacifists with whom the bona fides of the four sailors could be checked; money and organization to capitalize on the > ““< propaganda potential (such ss preparing a movie film for the *, initial BEREIREN press conference announcing the desertion, . ¢”.’ prepared more likely than not by BEHEIREN stalwart “> Eednosyuke, an independent film producer),¥ and English Speaking : activists capable of sympathizing, encouraging, soothing, oF | » agitating the four young ‘Sailors, | ao , that there Would | bo a ee 4. The BERRIREN J Appar aratus At Work: ‘While many of the eee -gmall piecés of this puzzle, which would put the whole case in- ‘proper detailed chronological order and eliminate speculatioa *y-"On minor points, are still missing, enough ia known now, — through overt and covert sources, that the picture of BEHEIREN's adept handling of this case shines through clearly. The follow- ‘ding elements, 211 part of the epeenciretesgeulchinea make PO the oe . bulk of the pictures ©... os ce Pay Hi ide-out: | When BEHEIREN ‘got hold of the four ‘on —— ‘about 26 October, they: had to he hiden out for the approximate ‘two week period until their exit from Japan could be arranged. This presented BEHEIREN no great logistical problem. A number of the BESLIBEN activist leaders have homes well suited to © | harboring fugitives. For example, BEHEINEN activist leader |. has 2 villa hidden avay in Chignsaki, which was used on the night of 12 September for a meeting of about ae 20 top BEERIREN i leaders, 2nd which would be ‘Bighly suite ble omnes mys otra
: for hiding the four deserters. Other Private..dwea - . denging to BEEEIREN icaders and loyal Oe aera oe ; Sprengnont both the Kanto und Kansai areas. + YOSHIEAWA hes maintained periodic contact with Soviet Embassy officialg for years. BEREIRNEN Chnirman ODA hes met Soviet fb) BEUEIREN/Sovict Linison: BEDEIREN Secretary Sassy | - Peace Committec officials in Moscow. The exact means of how ~ this liaison was accomplished in this case {snrecisely-inowa—,_ ae -_ SEEIREN/U. Ss. Pacifiat Linison: BEEEIREN contacted» : Dartmouth’ University professor Ernest P. Young, who flew to. “| Japan om & November, apparently helped BEBEIREN leaders check - - on 12 November, (Attachment 5 isthe translation of a Sankes -  $himbun article, dated 22 Novexher, reporting an interview a with Young, giving his version of his rele in this case. > we Be. Esca to Hoscow: The four deserters turned up in a - moscow on 20 Noveaber. The press has speculeted widely and  ananisously that the four left Japan on the Soviet passenger - . Ship Baikal on 11 November. Again, there is no dissenting - . . opinion, overt nor covert. The only mystery concerning this - — ~ mechanics of how the four boarded the Baikal and who assisted «. im this maneauver. But with the sailing of the Baikal from: - . Yokohama, EEHSIREN completed its most highly successful and. (| - . only did BEHEIREN smear the American Government's image in publicity that will swell the ranks of its supporters and be =. < dnuveluable in future activities, but BEXEIREN doubtlessly . -. @yen made a profit, financially, on this low budget operation | | _ “.. e donations are still’ pouring into BSERZIREN Headquarters from — 3 all over Japan to “help and } protect U.8.. deserters”. ca a out the bona fides of the deserters, and returned to the U.S. - ve finnl phase of the Japanese portion of this case concerns the * ~ beautifully executed activity in its 2 1/2 year history. Not =" ” . Japan, not only did BEHEIREN gain 2 vast emount of priceless - an
ae ears SECRET | Attachaont No. . Leo o TMS sapanese tho es ce a ena ee a AS | gapanese Who Uave Been Identified as a a nn oul | Active DEAEIREN Supporters or Sympathizers . ee a | TOSHTRAWA Yuiohi ‘CoCUEIREN Secretary General) - “ ‘former sop ae “member. to, ; ; ons unkoto Goumeinen ¢ Chetruan) - ~ “popular novelist. an KATKO Hen - Akutagava prize winning novelist». eee: _ KUBO Keinosuke = ‘filo producer and director, coe  -PSURUET ‘Shunsuke = Doshisha University professor ‘ aan a af . nen aes . " TSURUMY Kazuko - siater of Shunsuke (ehotr father is the late e. : - Philosopher, Yusuke) « - | a . FURDYAMA Yozo = high Echool teacher, HUTO lehiyo. oo ‘ex-JCP (tried to travel to g. Ss. to , Fepresent - - -. BEERIREN at October 21 demonstrations this. years. but was - “| denied a visa to enter the u. 5. ae 7 .. YAMADA Atsushi = ex—JCP, EUEUDA Yoshiyuki ~ playeriter. a ae TOMINAGA Ichiro - cartoonist. a _. FUKASAEU Miteusada ~ professor; ” io e AWAZU Kiyoshi . ° , graphic designer. .. TAKADO Kanane « ~ Christian leader. . _ YOSHIDA Kigu + ~ ‘211m director. - 3.° UMIBARA Shun ~ writer. a + HASEXHOTO Wineo - Buddhist priest. | HOTA Yoshie - ~ novelist. cee ; GOTO Hiroyuki ~ scientist. | Opa i - ROWABARA Takeo | = + professor at Kyoto | University. 7 . a a SECRET.
14-00000 bia eiaioes ale SAKAMOTO Yoshikazu as Ntntie professor at Tokyo University. = a BIDARA Rokure « - profesor at Tokyo University. ae 7 230: TIDA Hono ~ writer. | 2 7 “ / 25. - TERAL Minako Z ; | 26. ANAT Eusibiko © ane = 27. ; ASU Masanno . -* 28,° MATSUMOTO Tebiju - a 29... FURuTOHT Setsuo - a 80. KORIHARA Wkio e BL. ete? ANDO Jibei, -CHIBA IEDA Hsdo, EGAWA Taka, FUSIL ‘Nittatsa, “Phage ARTY Ychixo, HOSHINO Yasuseburo, XCHIE Saburo, IXBYAUA Juro, - an ISHIDA Takeshi, ANAT Yoshiko, KASAI Seiichi, EATAGIRI Yuzuru, : KATO Shuichi, KAZAMA Michitarc, MATSUURA Soo, KIDOKORO Kasao, oo 7 EITAKOII Satoshi, KOBAYASHI Shoichiro, an Be a . ROBAYASEI Toni, KUNO Osamu (Shu), KURODA Hidetoshi, HARUYAMA , “> Masao, MIDORIKAVA Toru, MIZUSAWA Yana, MOnYTAKI Iehiro, 7 " MUCHAIED Seikyo, NURANATSU Hiro, NISHTO SHIO Noboru, NOHURA Koichi, : OGosE Teruo, OTSUKOTSU Yoshiko, SERIZAWA Tae, sian Bh, . SHINMURA Takeshi, SHISEIDO Hiroshi, ‘SUGIURA Hiteuo, SUGIYANA ~ : Tatswuara, SUZUKI Masabira ” ‘TAXSUCEL Yoshitono ’ WADA Ragahisa, “ YAMADA Munenitsu, YAMADA Toshio, YéNAGUCHE Kosaku, YAMANISHI | 7 Eiichi, YASUDA Takeshi, YOSHINO Genzaburo, YOSHIVARA Rotchizo, | | ORAMOTO Taro, MATSUNOTO Seicho, BI Rokusuke, IZUMI Taku, Pe ee : ne ayaa Noriko, KATO Yosh ROYAMA Saburo, TAKABASHI © _, @.. Paketomo, ODAGIRI Hideo ORLA UMA Minoru, SANG Kenji, SUZUEI | | Wichiniko, KUBATA Hanya, SINORARA Sates, MARUYAMA Kunio, ~ SECR ne vee tenn tie ieee oe enemy tees eee owe ee cee see eee eehcteeee eaten met eae ee caeite eer er pittee cece npenneretew ated eure eee
14-00000 spore recent AAO Yoshikazu, SAITO Masahiko, otc.” - Although not recorded here, many” of the above persons : are OxedCP
a 2 ‘Regular once-per-month denonstrations at 2 public park ‘Sn. : Tokyo, consisting of anti-American Speeches & Bad followed by street a Fe os an ‘all. night Tv “tench-in™ with ‘DEESIREN. activist leaders, “ along. with special guest, U. S&S. pacifist Carl Oglesby (Chadraan of . . the Students for a Democratic Sostety.) 0 , SE 3. A gun page advertisement in tho New york Tines. ‘as Novexber | : oes)" ‘followed by another full page ad in the Washington Post. - (s april, 1867)» appealing to Americans: to stop the war id ‘Vietnan. Dd a oe A ‘Meet in Conference of ‘two Nations for Peace in Vietnan," hold in Tokyo in August 1966, and attended by EEHEIREN activists and — ..geven U.S. pacifist Leaders (including Dave Dellinger), and observers 7 ‘from a Frances England 2 Canada, the USSR, Pakistan, and Mongolia. _ a nos 8." A Hass meeting in Tokyo in October 1966, ‘guest ‘speakers of : which were Freach pacizists : Jean-Paul Sartre and. Simone de Beauvoir. re 6. ‘Nationwide tours of Japan ‘for lectures ‘and peace rail: ie8 for : such anti-Vietnanm war pacifists as Professor Howard Zinn and the late | Ae 3, Huste of the United States, Claude Bourdet of France, | and Thich Nhat Hanh of South Vietnam, Las ee a cy. ~ coe gy” A mass meeting ‘in Tokyo in January 1967, sponsored by ye Tye __BSEEIREN and featuring US. folic singer and. pacizist Joan Baez. : ae 8. A continuing program of direct distribution of panphicts | to U.S. troops stationed in Japan, and those coming to ° Japan ¢ on B Warehiyes = and for rest or hospitalization frou Vietnax. ba Be Datel oy participation by two BEREIREN activist leaders s (Kyoto University professor KUWABARA Takeo and International House staffer - + TSURUMI Yoshikyuki, taking advantage of a trip to the J.5..to attend ° § Hon~political Japan-America Congress on Cultural Problemsy in. . anti-Vietnam war BpSech rallies aid GeuOMstrAtiONs HE Dartmouth -- University in early Hay 1967, fellowed by an unsuccessful attempt | fo. invite Cassius Clay to visit SJapan on ‘bobald of BEEEIREN. . So Oe, (Continuing ¢ oxterts te bring * te > Japan for a nationwide fo o ~
14-00000 : speech ‘tour on “penal? of PEESIREN, “Soviet: . poet Yevgeat Yevtushenko, "aR effort that has not yet reached fruition but ss pen’ a oe ar ‘participation in the Stockholm July 1967 “Horld Conference on Vietnam," by sending two ne activist leaders as delegates. fons 4Be> Cooperation ‘with the v.8. Quakers,’ pacifists ’ and Earle . Reynolds. in sending the yacht “Phoenix” with medical aid, first te : Haiphong, then on a second trim in the Fall of 1967, secking but - failing to find landfali to deliver medical aid to either North ox - South Vietnam. . a . 13." " Atteaptea, but gailod ‘due 4 to anability to , obtain Us. visa,” “to send a BEHEIREN activist leader (HUTO ichiyo) to the U.8. ta. : participate in the at October 1967 anti~Vietnan Var denoustrations. — oo = : 142) ; ‘Currently carrying out: a ‘fund saising canpaign - to send 2 : aid ship toa. North Vietnam. In this, and other activities, BEEEIREN . leaders are maintaining ever closer liaison contact with their . . . counterparts abroad, such as the Fre “Conite® Vietnan Zagionai. Fk ' in an effort to geterate public support for this aid ship * yaising campaign, BENEIREN succeeded in issuing a public appeal, : " under the endorsing signatures of Tokyo Governor MINOBE Ryokichi and  Yokohana Nayor ASUKATA cEESS as weil as 3 the suai ditellectuals - 7 supporting BEI Re _— ‘ 15. ‘In October 1967, 1 BERCINEN solicited b apploval: to ‘hola anti~ oS Vietnan War demonstrations in front of the U.S. Embassy in Tokyo, . . expecting to be denied end then intending to make this denial a court - test case. Instead, SEESIREN was given this permission, and conducted ‘ two orderly and well-publicized demonstrations in front of the Amcrican ' Eubassy, garuering a larger public turn out of participants \ than in a any | Previous ‘SEEEIBEN-sponsored | denonstration. ok, “16. Assisted and abetted the defect ion to. the USSR of 2 four” Amorican sailors from the U.S. Navy carrier intrepid. Following this “ guccess, GENEIREN's most effective activity to date, BEREIREN leaders are organizing a permanent “underground railway” of Japanese intell- . . ectuals vho will volunteer their homes as possible “way stops” for = hiding 3 future U.S. + mistary deserters ‘that BEHEINEN | now hopes. to ‘ ok . * For other details, seo 5 ecg. yovintellgence 2 reporting: ae URSGE-11547, SL May 1966: pba , a BsT+li2046, 14 Cetober 1966 a EITUL 680, 1G Hay L967. EJE-12851, § July 1967 my C BST+-1S081, g september 1967 a : 2 EYT13154, 27 September 1967 . be - Eee 22 November 1967: eer. 11 Jaly 1967 - “BEGRET
14-00000 | = Persons Known Enown to Fava Been an Contact . with £3 or oF \ : Staughéon land (ex-Yale professors). > Norman Uailer (novelist) © | 7 Dave Dellinger (Editor of Laberation) | . Howard Zinn @oston Ue professor). - Donald Keyes ‘Wational Comittee for a . Bane ne o° : = Murray ‘Levin - @oston w. . professor) + Robert Ockene Meter so 7 _ Joan Baez | folk singer) pe Partial Listing of Anertean and Other Fores Ba mot ; a Seqperateg wth with BERURREN . | Buclear Policy “ pavid UcReynolds (Chairman, War Besisters' iy ces Le YT: League) | ae 3. : ‘Ruste Gow Aocoased) cae ; a Fillian Davidson Bradford Lyttle - Charlotte Thurber . | Pees - Oaae) Quentin Bassett (Stodents stor 3 a | Denoeratic - Society) oe Carl | Oglesby “(Chatznan, s Students for & Donoeratic _ Society) | Barbara Dening Ussoctate editor of | Liberation) — SEGRET
14-00000 oe - Ira Morris “(Paris « expatriate) Oo 18. © 206 Barbara and Earle Reynolds ‘(divorced bat separately | —_ , ective Lone tine } residents © Otto Hoisan (honetic, Hew York city perco activist) | . 21. Willtas Re Christensen “on American pacifist erator, om Wey oo  ” * WhO gave BEREIREN its first-. a mon Ps rc “oJis. egperdence dn the ssummer of | . - 23866 in exploiting for pro- .. oe - pagandsa in Japan, and then in® - arranging the onward Jeane ' Of am American who wanted to" : defect to the USSR) - : Brian Victoria ‘(head-shavea pacifist ‘and "converted" al «., Buddhist priest, Enown to be in ..  yegular contact with the Boviet ov - Eubassy in Tokyo) _ re x a ur. “Nintonby au, phonetic, "ehieg of: the Quaker vo eee Be Bo _ Raace Action movement an the v. ss)” Em ae : An unidentified “Ancrican of ‘Japanese descent, fron Book Hawaii, who is currently a student at Waseda ‘taivoresty . : Kosaku Yamaguohi- (reportedly born dn U.S.; ;  prosent © {0 nnn Cd tizenship status unclear) Gone oriy ae ols wes & professor at Homoyama Usiversity . ifm Oseka, but has been teachin, at the” 7 - University of California ia Berkeley | a prone sone r Bane) «: ; a | Claude Bourdet, | France Cpe poe Se the Vie opie) - , Poni Ahmed Faiz, Pakistan . oe i | eres 6. Gabita Huslepov s. USSR - “BEGRET
14-00000 a lirs, Exdenebat Ojon, Mongolia eS - Konstantin Shugnov, USSR . Francis Marcel Kahn, ; France (Comite Vietnam . ore eo National)” Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvosr, France, | cae enn aa _ Thich Nhat: ‘Hanh, ? south Vietnam © This is ‘not, by any means, a complete listing ’ ‘nor ~ - does it necessarily list BEREIREN's mast important: - aetivist contacts abroad. But this fist is re-- - presentative in showing the breadth of BEHEITREN.- ~ jisison abroad, particularily. wath the Aner ican - “new deft". ;
Wek i ? : : s gn = a 2 Boy ..The, four deserters ‘from: the US aircraft carrier Intrepid whe made a dramatic tele- . {Vision appearance Monday in Moscow are believed. to have ‘left Japan irregularly by the. Soviot liner. Baikal which left Yokohama on. November 17 for the Far. East | _ Soviet port of Nakhodka, ”-: ponte meet oes SS ae ‘Net Worried, Sources in the. Metropolitan | test. against:-the’ Vietnam war,] wren he first met the deser-‘. ‘Police Department said ‘Mues-| at. a press: conference -held No: aah they: were  practicalivi , Way: that the four -Ameticans vernber -13: in Tokyo... :4) penniless but appeared - could have boarded the ship by | - Yoshikawa‘ said “that ‘the de! aecerned, Naito sald. jt. a “special -gangway for Soviet! serters. fitst | Wanted to” live ane Sted eerters” sph Government officials, | -y 3 | peacefully" in-“Japan ‘and. asked Peine se,  Ghoyed hippie" life,; :, dapanese’ watchmen: -werd ton | the Behelren ‘to. find them:Joba'°VPE ON cheap Japanese food; quite? guard at another gangway; for|in. which they’ could ulllize ONd drink — such as udon: | ordinary . passengers when #222 | thelr English proficiency... °. imondies) Tund shochu. teens: ae listed. passengers. Including |. ‘The Beheiren told them: that; #@ 5 ¢ four Americans, Bs tt ; “eight. Americans, boarded the they. could - not: Ive? in“ Japan if "possible Ay Tekyoe amy and Felary-general . of thie *Japan *-- The’: watehmen ‘;told police authorities sooner. or ‘later, Yo. Sepced te ak the meee f the! .Peace-For-Vietnam: \commit ‘that “they did “not see any per- shikawa‘edid.” "#4, 00000 | four men tes: the h eet jee (Behelren), tellsi'a; pfess* S0n Who was -not-on’ the pas:|° Lived “Like ‘ Hippies! around - wy, Beneiren, y lint the. Senger list. ‘board’ the Bhp ay een etx * Hippies ‘around November 26. ey i, conference Tuesday \that the. ‘throu gh the ordinary: gan ay.|. ra "20, a ‘painter: Naito sald he ‘ believed that ‘four. deserters: of the tUS war Ln re Was ‘learned - tha tn ok of Tokyo, - told” The : Yomiuri all the four Americans . were. tein: a ta stay” | Shimbun - that - he *- and .. nis ‘hot ‘communists and that they” ;;Ship Intrepid oped “24 stay “elals of the Soviet Embassy and friend,’ ipplel|had no int or is “tin” Japan: but’ the! Behelren: trade mission’ in. Tokyo and | occ” Sepeel “Yamao, a Pie {deology, communist , eed not help them ‘toto 50, | Batleat Of Visitors foarded eae Behelren, acted as go-betweens| He said the four’ must ‘have: _ | Saemantous hated "St iwiteatnattatniecemmiaan gangway. : igh © the. speci ‘| for tne -Geserters. ‘and... the decided to. ete Someta te Wan Eolice possible” that tie|: Nalto.said’he met ‘two ‘ofjafter they learned thatzsthey:t Soviet authoritic in Tokyo ar.{the. .four deserters—-Airman| could. not. live in: Japan.’ *- : ‘the a es in Tokyo ar) yi 19, and Airman|~..A spokesman. for, the Justice: ranged ‘the deserters’ exit... Mike Ay Lion Ag—at .a -hip-| Ministry * said’ ‘Tuesday that, rae. Beheiren Pledge ' plé7hatigout” ‘in | Shinjuku/ there , fa8.. Rothing: legally. Yuichi Yoshikawa, ,secretary:|@Pound ‘October ‘20... |wrong’ in the ‘four “American : He’ said th. Americans] leaving Japan ‘because the ace. Sicquam ooee ite (Beneancn | wore leather poitis A other’ ministrative ‘agreement ‘in the] told a prose meee, Be "Tues, | informal clothing which they|Japan-US Security ‘Treaty gua]; day that fMe. commitice ocsu|sald they borrowed mist hey Japan US military personnel] i ay eee penmitee cou Japanese hippie friends hang-.the right to come, to stay in, | BOE. cisclose | show. “the: -four ing around: the Shinjuku: area, OF leave Japan, - . od . Pr tt eau *, Bad)" ‘Bailey and’ Lindner and tre: he fonaldy jhe understood, that; | . : 5 “Pt . . . lean, ere .teche Pile nelther affirmed ‘hor dent.| 2"er | twom-Airman John -M, the four Americans were ‘tech. firmed ‘nor Barilla, 20, -and -Al ‘nically still enlisted.US mill) | ed the Teport ‘that \the Amer. ‘prentics ne nd Airman Pe taty personnel, =; ; deans left Japan by the’ Baikal | 29 "went. around in . pairs,’ | Surthermore, | if. hele 1 exit} 5 on November a ‘aids ogee leg et. hook lace on’ November ‘11, it }. It was’ the. Behelren' “whict | Naito. said. P ‘Oe. : . : ; 4 ito” “he let = and Was before: .6°US authorities | - announced - for. the. first "time pivalte said“he let Bailey and ‘made. an offidial request to the| | ithe’ desertion four ndner ‘stay -overnight at his, lice te hf, tees Intrep “ion vad house -in Ha amiyacho,,. Neri, Japanese Police fo search for 7 a wa ePPS:| miadcu,: fro 2.4 tober: 24.to 26.) e: also said there. were’ no i tae ‘Japanese laws allowing charges ito be preferred against the ‘iBeheiren officials and-other Ja- * Spanese people who: “protected” .fthe Americans “in ‘Japan and helped their “departure to the Soviet: Union; ..- el eee aD Daan Rau ane a
Prof. ‘yous Says Four “American Deserter Seamen Not in’ Japan Any More, s - we Went: to Tokyo and Tridd to Dissuade Them; a, _ ey ee * Biebably Escaped from JERE on, the 12th or the 13th. 8 eo 7 * (ew York, November 20, " Correspondent Tadashi. ONODERA):” ‘Professor 0. & Erne ax of Dartmouth College in the U.S., -consented to an ‘interview... with. this reporter on the question of the four American seamen who deserted . _-from the U.S. aircraft carrier Intrepid. At the interview held on the 19th, © Professor ‘YOUNG clarified that the.:Peace for Vietnam Association ‘(Beheiren, . 0°... with Makoto ODA acting as its representative) | contacted an anti-war orepnisen ie ve tion in the U.S., and at this, Professor YOUNG hurriedly visited Tokyo, ‘and . meeting ‘tha four seamen in a room.in an apartment |house in Tekyo on the Sth . rand 10th; tried to persuade them to return.. In. regard - tothe pres ent ‘where- * yrabouts - ‘of these four seamen, he made the ‘noteworthy, statement ‘that “those . .-> cfour were still in Japan, up. until. the night. of the ith, when, = deft, Japan e but . ‘they | are probably. no: longer . in ‘Japan Dow, " * fp iene fs ee LAO pe os ‘Families Pexplened: Gee i. eh “ soyeinm, ree ¢ i The questions and, anewers exchanged with Professor: YOUNG, ate as’ ‘Follows: aya congnceyet P23 Ss SFG. ee StNY Pt : ri “Ese oe ety: nt sale an Reb wtp: i “ay Page i . aye See, a EGE Be ty age a Fey EA meme - Why did. you g0 to. ‘Japan? te Or - we RET oe a .. te ayo 4 + professor: Beheiren ‘contacted ‘David ‘DERRINGER, a \ aoifist abtivist™ = the U.S. asking him to "send someone to en to hear the stories of | end I also once. served as special . assistant. to Ambassador REISCHAUER. FoR During that’ time, I became friends with Beheiren representative ODA’ and. “yother intellectuals in Japan. It was for these reasons that I was given ye this assignment..:..I personally have never. Parttear ee actively in the . OF enti-Vietnam WaD movement. sO far...” weg ques ewe hen: dia | you s arrive “fa, Japan, and. ‘where. aia ou. mest ‘the, four et .. me seamen? oe Bo ee oe os, ra : ae roe -. Professor ::: I arrived. in ‘Haneda on November. 8, and met the ‘four seamen * 70R the 8th and the.10th... The place of interview was in an apartment house’ 3s in Tokyo, but I -cannot say. at, this time where that apartment, hoyse was and _a@twho owned it,.- However, on both days, I talked | fully with. these. four seamen, pe for more than, three hours. on each occasion (according ‘to an investigation : ‘i Tade by the public security authorities, Professor YOUNG. anvived in, Japan .. toward the evening of the 8th, and stayed at Hotel Tanakanwa’ ia Shiba, Dies #5 Minato-ku, wnt il: ‘the morning of. ‘the ith)... eho Aves gee Se ~ een es THES te = What | were “the motives “for these ‘four. seamen! & ‘Gedertion? * sone - : “professor: The desertion Was. s completely the decision. of ‘these four 7 a SepePEORS . It seems that the four ‘seamen decided not to ‘return. to the ship, 7 <xewhen the Intrepid ‘entered Yokosuka Port on October 17; and they were per- “. _oy mitted to go ashore for vest for one week. - My impression.on meeting these _ .331,foum seamen was that they were definitely not ‘deserting for the purpose of er ch self-advertisement or that they were giving false reasons. I am ,convinced 0 ‘ veg : that mney, deserted neally, out of doubt. about. the Nietnam Ware |... - ate “ete, “ bane er - - What were the movements of. ‘che four, after ‘they deserted? ” itt o Professor: | “On the ‘night of ‘the 23rd, ‘two ‘days before ‘the. Intrepid ” was due to.sail, the four went to Shinjuku, and told the people whom they | met at a bar they happened to visit, that "we are fed up with war." The ‘i dapenese who heard them sympathized “with ‘then,: and. atone time, the four lived with some hippies (according 'to this paper's investigations, they - include Mr, K., a student of Tokyo University's Liberal Arts Department, . and vangnard artist Ae » who gather a at Fugeteudo 3 in a Shinjuku. ). Finally,
A, they were “ taken’ to > Beheiren by a student who spoke English (according to ae co “vthis paper's investigation, this was Mr. S., a Waseda Univer sity student). tal “ oh that, _they ‘were hidden by Beheiren, I cannot say where ‘they were a reo, ala! en.” are | hae eras . gn ogee oan : ook . . is wee meee: oan meet og: * Professor:" ty purpose in visiting ‘Japan 4 was to “aissuade the; four. | ae . I explained to. them what the results of their desertion would be. i even. a etold them that they would never again be permitted to stand on American soil; ee ‘their fatherland... At. ‘the time I met--them,--it was-still.at.a-stage where - BS : ate they. would only receive ‘ight punishment, - df “they reported back immediately, iy Saying that ‘they “had missed their ship.".. ‘However. their. Getermination was | fava, ‘and my persuasion had: “RO effects. ney ts peace. te fg Se owtyees ‘The ‘fous ‘seamen' 8 ‘desertion 1 was: , announced. “in. ‘the form of a. “press. ; a + interview given by Beheiren,: - .Were there. no facts: of their haying. b been forced to desert, during . that. period? : a “Professor: E: ascertained that’ point “£00 However, “they firmly denied” By ‘any fact of their having. been forced, saying that they had ey ee! ty ae “consulted Beheiren as to whether they should publicly. announce the (wet - intention to desert, and. if 80, in what form ‘this should be made. ° RE as! | ates Where are the four seanen, now, and where ' are they planning t to go? ve “Professor: I am certain that the four’of ‘them were ‘still in Japan,* ....: ‘up until the lith, the day I left for home, However, they already knew cb oe fully well that it was not possible for them to obtain asylum in Japan. : _ They even said that "we will probably have to go to some third nation,  __ which is neutral." (The public security authorities judge that the four. ' seamen left Japan immediately after Mr. YOUNG's persuasion, and consider that - «iy. they. probably were smuggled out of Japan: -after -the l0th,.and before the © 7 evening of ‘the 13th, when - .Beheiren. announced their dasertion. atua press conference, . However, Mp, YOUNG says that the four seamen were in ‘Japan up - ; until, the night of the llth, . Therefore, the, possibility .is strong that they | james, snuggled out of Japan by. snipe | ‘between ‘the night | of the. ath and the 2 6vening: ‘of the. 8th. ds ; , ; ee 8 een hems eta se te es Sane eo dias vag ene te me mernrmip see q seer areas wets oom ts eran rede Tint , am : ‘Professor: When ‘the films were. e ‘publicly shown, thene was ‘bige ‘excitement, 7 ; with rows and rows of television and; ‘press cameramen, I thought I would be ae “exposed to persistent questioning by ‘the FBI and the cra, after I returned © : ae Section, about the circumstances . It, seems that, “Anerican vauthorities con- us ee ‘77 cerned do not want to make. too big, a fuss over. the matters “ease — nH ge coe ene oy ag "What, ‘ao ‘the parents “think of. this ‘action ‘taken by, their. sons? pulip os i nae as vas Seg Laas ed aaa vse rece * Professor: ‘A certain. ‘television ‘station. ‘asked “the ‘mother: of | one of . the four men . about her son's. life..,, This mother was completely : perplexed, wy! * saying: "My son-is’ a. most. average American. youth, ; His «school .records oo wip, wWere quite. ordinary, . and he. liked sports, -just:: ‘like; "any. other student. ca ue . ca ea cannot ‘underetand ny he: acted j jin Pe dean toa ya dia ae gees 7 nee