104-10419-10293 4 porn CHUPCH, IDAHO, CHA means iad G. Towee, TEXA, VICE Chama aT, MICH, HOWARD be. Baca, JA, FO - 2 MOMOALE, Mtreng, ©. NUDOLESTOM, MY. . at MOABAM, H.C. BAR GY COLEWATEM, API : CHAMLES MCC. MATHIAS, ‘patie PRICHARD §. SChwEIMhe, PAL - AY HART, coy. - @ = WILLIAM G. MILLER, STAFE BiRzeraa 8 “PREDERICK 4, ©. SCHWARE, Jf., CHIEF Couns, oan, - @ g ¢ a Z | Dlatlea Dicles Sexrale SELECT COMMITTEE TQ : STUDY GOVERNMENTAL OFERATIONS WITH - 1 \ CURTIS R. SMOTHERS, MINORITY counsel. Pe So, RESPECT TO INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES —-- t oe PRP fe _ WASHINGTON, D.C. zosto tobe pe oN nS a. “Novenber is, “1975. re Walter Elder: | he fo ' Review Staff . re ee _. Central Intelligence, agency - ee 7 Washington, D. Ce. Dear Walt:: oo As we discussed “yesterday afternoon, tr am vat . this’ ‘time requesting that we be supplied with one copy | each of the following memorandums prepared by Raymond |=.. . Rocca, memorandums which you will recall we discussed” at the preliminary stages of the inguiry: 60s) ot 1. “May 2, 1975. Report from Raymond Rocca _ tosDeputy Chief, Operational Staff, "Review. of Agency Holding Re Photo of Unidentified _ a . Individual in Mexico City. Published by Warren Commission." (40 pages plus attachments) 8 May 23, 1975 meio from DC/OPS, “Review Of | . Selected Items in the Oswald File Re:. Allegations in the Castro-Cuban involvement in the JFK Assassination" (27 pages) eee AS I meritioned, _we. would: appreciate ‘receiving “these | reports by Thursday in order to insure proper. preparation — for the briefings we scheduled for Friday, November : ai, 1975. Sincerely, cen sd. het Paul G. Wallach
13-00000 SECRET 2° 0 w “Document ‘Number IA. Review. on. Co eS ‘for FO 2 May 1975) ‘MEMORANDUM 3 FOR: “Deputy, chiet, operations Staff ae one ee SUBJECT Oo +. Review of. Agency. Holdings ‘regarding on re ; ~. Photograph of Unidentified Individual ee ne, ' in Mexico City published bY the oo Warren Commission REFERENCE. 2 Letter ‘dated 15 April 1975 by a Mr. David W. Belin, Executive Director of the Commission on CIA Activities - within the United States, to Mr. E. Henry “Knoche (copy. attached to- “accompanying report) 1. This, is - further to, and in. completion of, my interim memorandum. of a ‘few weeks . ago. 2. ‘The: attachment is a detailed review in narrative,, chronological order - together with appropriate comment- ary ~ of our extensive holdings on the OSWALD case that oe _ have a bearing on the matter of photographs taken by” “Mexico City Station on(h, (4) and d5;October 1963 of. an Unidentified Individual. As a consequence of a combina~ ‘tion of analytical error, misjudgement and under the Stress of an urgent desire to contribute to the develop-_ ment of the. investigation of the assassination, a , cropped version of one of the photographs of the Unidentified Individual was introduced into the chain of evidence in the OSWALD case on 23 November 1963 by an_ FBI representative in Dallas. The successive vicissi- tudes which have now made this event a cause celebre right down to the present moment are detailed in the narrative. . ; SECRET . £2WTAFDET &F gy Teen Sar
13-00000 ~ oo e  S BRCRET aa 3. The attached report is not intended ‘to be an “answer to the Fensterwald/O'Toole article which Mr. ‘Belin. cr attaches to his memorandum. (I have prepared a paragraph-- -by-paragraph refutation and comment on that. article, © =. . ‘which I believe is more appropriately handled by a sepa~. ' Yate memorandum to Mr. Belin, and I will _ Prepare ‘this as. a memorandum if that is desired. ) . mo fet Be mp at ‘consideration should be given now to “whether or -not the - entire matter can be fully disclosed at this time." | This '. submission is designed to make it possible for you,,the  «* -IG and others whom you.may desire to consult to make this : decision. The narrative-interpretive summary. has been. aaaetts -put. together in such a way that it discloses no cyptonyms, . = pseudonyms or other CIA jargon. However, its contents’ qo: | “well beyond what has been released to the public thus far | ~ in the Warren Commission documentation. — This point must ae -be borne in mind in making a decision on Mr. Belin's: - 'question.. To remove any question in anybody's mind about. our good faith. in this matter, the narrative is backed up by copies of actual documentation from our files. .It = _ - seems. to.me necessary, in reply. to Mr. Bélin, that he or — his. representative review the documentation that backs up — -the narrative. The documentation has not been keyed into — _ the narrative presentation, but it follows the chronologi-. — .cal order of presentation from 9 October into the latest ' developments in the matter, and there is an overall index to facilitate reference to individual items. [NB: . there as’ only ‘one: copy’ of this collection; this. is it. ae . .-* Be As noted above, one of the photographs taken’ in- ' Mexico City..on 4 October 1963 was. introduced into the .:- . Warren Commission: public record. However, it was intro- duced into that record in two cropped versions. The Warren Commission and its staff were made fully aware in: the. course of their inquiry at Headquarters and in ‘Mexico City of the origins of the photograph, the fact that we had additional photographs of the same individual taken at. different times in Mexico City and on the basis ‘Of full knowledge of these facts reached their own con- clusions regarding the irrelevance of the photograph to. OSWALD and the assassination. . I f j pe 7 The point of the referenced memorandum is: ‘thats { ; 6. In fact, we actually hold twelve different photo= graphs of the Unidentified Individual. Each of these arter— reproduced in the collected documentation backing up the oo Narrative report (see Items 25 ~ 27). Chief, LA Division, -— 2 SECRET ..:
13-00000 “SECRET 9000 vee so - had indicated in writing. to Chief, ‘CIOPS, that he has no.. objection. for Mr. Belin to do. whatever is desired with: ..- these photographs at this time.” “It should be noted that Mr. Fensterwald in 1971 - 1972 was actually. shown, by: Mr. Houston during a ‘visit.to the Agency, two of the oO twelve photographs, other than the one already published in the Warren Commission.report. . (It is these two that he has published in The New York Review of Books article. . which Mr. Belin attaches. ‘to his memorandum. ) 7. %«It seems to. me that ‘whoever makes.’ a decision on. whether the entire matter ‘can be fully disclosed at this . : - time should bear in mind that a subsidiary decision must". ': also be made, i. e., whether to crop or otherwise fuzz up.) . _the background of the photographs or, alternatively,.to  - — publish the entire run of the photographs: for the first . time without taking out the background. Obviously, none. . O£ these questions. apply. to the passage of this material =~ to Mr. Belin and the Rockefeller Commission itself. I... think they should see the entire documentation as it stands. Perhaps after that, the question of what could be discussed and the question of "how?" and "how much?" ~ could be taken. up with Mr. Belin himself. My personal =. recommendation is that the more we can say about this. matter in.a fully open and final manner, the better off _ we, will be as an Agency. But it is my understanding - . “that there are still sensitivé aspects deriving from the fact that ‘the operation which produced the photographs was jointly rin with Mexican liaison and as a consequence... _ . publication at this time would create additional problems © at. that level.in Mexico. Also, it should be noted that. the Ambassador, according to Win Scott's memorandum te. J.C. King on 22 November.1963 (see Item 8 in the backup documentation), allegedly played a direct role in the | decision to. put the photographs into the hands of the.FBI in Dallas laterally from the Field. As far as I know, | . there has not been anything published about this aspect at any time in the past nor have we had any discussions _ with the State Department about that aspect of the. matter. “Raymond G.: Rocca Attachments: as stated
13-00000 2 May 1975° Le _/... SUBJECT : The Photo of an Unidentified Individual in the Warren ~ re Commission Report: | A Factual Chronological Survey REFERENCE: Memorandum by David W. Belin to Mr. E. Harry Knoche, oo 15 April | 1975 (Attachment ) 1. “Reference memorandum suggests it would be appropriate to! - reconsider full disclosure at this time of the circumstances: and factual ©” data relative to the Subject « The: purpose of this survey is to permit, ao | realistic evaluation of the > suggestion. 7 Background | aoe This examination and summary of the record concerns a cropped | “photograph considered by the President! Ss Commission on. the fessstmation of President: Kennedy (hereinafter cited as the Warren Commission) and 4 introduced into evidence as Odum Exhibit No. 1. .The photograph. Le, - i (together with others of the same individual) originated from a highly 1 See Hearings Before the President's Commission on the Assassination’. of President Kennedy (hereinafter cited as Hearings), Vol. XX, p. 691. SECRET | a
13-00000 se SECRET waa sensitive intelligence operation being conducted in October 1963 by the QS | CIN and Mexican securiggauthoritie?. against the Soviet and Cuban - Embassies in Mexico city. 3. Under the extraordinary press of effort to develop information. - on the assassin and the assassination, copies ‘of the photograph were — made 3 avai lable by CIA's Mexico Station Chief ‘on. the afternoon of 22 November to the local FBI representative, and later that days : . asserted ly on the decision of the Ambassador , copies were conveyed by investigation. One photograph, cropped by the FBI, “was. ‘shown to | Co | Mrs . Marguerite OSWALD (Lee Harvey OSHALD' 's mother) ‘in Dallas on the evening of 23 November 1963 ‘ty FBI Agent Bardwell D. “ODUM. ; 4, The. Warren Coamiss on's report. describes. the seine hee at pp. 364-365 and 667 (Attachment B) which ultimately resulted in . oe Mrs. Marguerite: OSWALD" s allegation that she had ‘been ‘shown a ‘cropped oo photo of. Jack RUBY the day before he murdered her.son. (A further ae comp lication compounding this. erroneous cone lusion was “the fact that when she had been shown a copy of the same photograph in her appearance : before the Commission, it had been cropped by the FBI in Washington in! a slightly different manner. ). 5.. No detail in the Warren Commission report i Mustrates more vividly than this one the difficulties that beset simple truth in the SECRET : an FBI representative by a special flight carried ‘out by the U. S. Naval . Attaché to the Dallas office of the FBI for possible t use in ‘the ongoing oe
13-00000 SECRET ™, eer by: the media over the” past decade about’ the- Kennedy yeas? Stor The ‘photograph, _acknowledged now not to be RUBY, has continued to a 7 * preoceupy "specialists", and has | 7 became the centerpiece of another “hypothesis that holds OSwALD to have been “framed by the use of a »; double ‘in his activity in Mexico City. 2 oo - Lee Harvey OSWALD - Reporting on Mexico city Stay , eb Arthough in no way related to Lee Harvey OsiALD or his stay in on Wexico City from the morning ‘of 27 September 1963 to the morning of ar, October 1963, at least one set of ‘photographs of the tinidentified man "originated during OSWALD’ s stay there. It is important ; therefore, to van understanding of, the acquisition and handling, of the photographs by the Mexico Station to review what the Station ascertained and did with | 4 the information it deve loped about OSWALD in | Mexico City, together with "Headquarters action on that information. 7, From all credible evidence known to this time (none, incidentally, added since the exhaustively unique work of the Warren Commis sion), o Lee Harvey OSWALD spent four (4) full days and two (2), partial days-- - “about, ne. hours in all--in Mexico City from about 10:00 a.m. 27 September 2 This is the thrust of the article "The CIA and the Man Who Was Not Oswald" by Bernard Fensterwald. and George O'Toole in the New York Review of Books, a copy of which 75 attached to reference (Attachment A). SECRET
13-00000 SECRET roan 1963 to about 8: 30 a.m. 2 October 1963. “His place of residence: was” a. ca | smal. commercial traveler hotel, not frequented by "gringos"=-the Hotel Commerci o--where he was registered. under alias. - Exhaustive: ‘and ; “detailed interviews and interrogation by. the Mexican authorities and. the. FBI, after the assassination, established that in the. recollection é ; oan hotel personnel he left: early” and returned late each 1 day of. his stay. 8. Assuming , and allowing for ‘the fact of Tate arrival and early coe departure, that he slept one- -third of the time of his stay (38 or 39 | hours), there remain some 8 hours of activity to be accounted for, So - Overall, CIA's information can account solely for very brief - periods” a 7 during: 27, 28 September and. 1 October. - AN coverage by. CIA during the ae entire period. was technical. The Station had no live source’ (living - 9 It should be noted that OSWALD ‘was in no sense under ‘investi- . gation." None of the facts of his defection and stay in the. USSR and _ return to the U. S., 1959 - 1962, were known to Mexico Station files . before 10 October 1963, when the bare bones of his biography were ‘forwarded by Headquarters in response toa Station cabled report of | ‘8. October which had Forwarded , on a routine basis, what appeared to be | - a contact by an Anerican for a visa to Cuba in transit to the USSR. This, . was indicated ‘and deduced from technically acquired information on 1 October, which was the first and only occasion in which OSWALD » identified himself "(partial ty) by true name. SECRET
13-00000 SECRET oe 10. At no ‘time during his stay in Mexico city did the cIA acquire ce are photo, of OSWALD. A careful review of all coverage, voice ‘intercept, as. well as ‘photographic, of both ‘the Soviet and Cuban Embassies ee -_. éonducted by the Station on 22 and 23 November 1963 after the assassina- tion going ‘back to materials from August 1963. it is, therefore, firm | that: there was no CIA. photo coverage. of OSWALD at any time during his: we Mexico trip or stay. in Mexico City. “Moreover, although it had made a = i oe cabled request on ae October; the. Mexico Station had no photo of OSWALD ind its. records 5 nor did it receive one fron Headquarters--vhich did not. a came one either--before 22 Novenber 1963. mens Tris. intensive review of .voice intercept transcripts a by the monitor and other personnel on the. basis: of the 1 October ‘inter- -_cept--which had been reported to Headquarters and disseminated to the | "interested members of the inte11igence community (as an ex-Marine ‘OSWALD was a Navy and FBI case under the Del imitations Agreement, and potentially of interest to. the Department of State)--turned up matches based on oe . content with materials intercepted on 27 and 28 September 1963. “these | oa matches were ‘reported to Headquarters on 23 November 1963. Analysis | “based on voice comparison (except for what could be recalled by the oe monitor--and. this was not an’ insignificant element because of. the - | memorably poor Russian spoke by OSWALD) could. not be made because the - ‘tapes, in accordance with the normal practice, had been ‘erased and re- -used. SECRET
13-00000 i SECRET 12 «It must be stressed ‘that the voice: intercept and Photographie: eee : ~ coverage was not. (and normally is not) processed in “real time ."" “The : 7 means” of acquisition and the volume of the information precludes, anything © "ordinary interest and, therefore, noted in summary Togs. Full texts of - selected items require consultation of the tape and either a full, tran- : . "scription or full translation or both. | Photo: coverage tends to. became. available in quantity lots which requires scanning and selection on. a * "triggers" that normally operates to focus ard accelerate more speedy” = review and reporting of this kind of raw intelligence is the mention of Co a name. This was precisely what occurred in the second of two conversa- he was "Lee OSWALD." It was this ‘information reported by the Station to ‘Headquarters in its first indication on OSWALD on 8 ‘October 1963. . oa = 43. The Mexico ‘Station did one ‘nore thing in its B October report’ on Lee OSWALD based on its 1 October voice intercepts: it coupled the: data with descriptive information it had acquired from a sensitive. - collateral source--a photograph of a male individual, apparently an _ American, who was. observed entering the Soviet Embassy: on 1 October. - The Station reported this detail on the 8th as a matter of coincident © fact. The Station did not assert or “suggest that the data deduced from | but ‘the spot reporting of items judged by the monitor to be of more: than es rapid. and accelerated basis in-four or five day "peaks." One of es oy ‘tions on 1 October with the Soviet Embassy , during which the speaker said. a the photo was in fact OSWALD, or indeed, was in any way related to OSWALD. 2 ~SFRRET
13-00000 Lee Harvey OSWALD - IN foveraca of His Hen City Stay SECRET oa. one additional element of background must ‘be stipulated + ‘now as = - the: final. precondition to understand ing ‘the relevance Cor frrelevance) _ oF the photo of the unknown individual placed. in the chain of evidence * “on 23 November ‘in Dallas by: FBI Agent BardweT] ‘ODUM: what was the a © totality of CIA Mexico’ s coverage of OSWALD’ S| activity ‘as of: the steer _ ‘noon of the 23rd when all avai lable coverage had ‘been checked? oe 45. The totality of Mexico Station ‘coverage “ons or + reasonably “inferabte. to be OSWALD, “consisted of five (5) voice: 2 intercepts as feria a. 27 Se senber 1860 Friday), 1605 hours Mexico City time. - “Silvia DURAN, a Mexican national, a local employee of the Cuban - Embassy, Consu Tar: ‘section, a receptionist, speaks with an unknown oS male at the Soviet Embassy. ‘Silvia DURAN tells ‘the: man ‘that the. American citizen was there, the one “who wants a visa for Cuba on his way to the Soviet Union, and he wants to know with whom he was . . ; talking there ‘because she (Silvia DURAN) had sent him to the Soviet. ‘Embassy saying that. if they, accepted him and gave him a visa, ‘then. : | _the Cubans (Embassy). would also give him a visa without further 7 ~ paper work, only advising Inni gration in Cuba. The Aneri can, she says, wants to know with whom he had talked there because he says. he was - told there would be no problem. The man in the Soviet Embassy says to wait a moment. A different Soviet speaks, and . - SECRET
13-00000 aes SECRET | 7 Silvia DURAN explains the same thing to him. This men says to -Teave a name and telephone number and. says he. will call back. . Silvia DURAN gives the telephone T1- 28- 47 (Cuban Consulate). | 2 She. also takes advantage ‘of the conversation and states: she. has” oes ~.. moved and wants to advise the Soviet Embas sy of her change of - ~ address 5 Te) that she can receive the Soviet. ‘Embassy’ s bulletin. ~The man says to call -KOUKHARENKO to give her new address , then he ls asks the name of the Consul or Cultural, ‘Attache. | Silvia. ‘DURAN wr . the na name is Teresa PROENZA and the telephone | number - is 1 13- 26. : The t man says thanks. be 27 Septenber 1963 (Friday), 1626 hours Mexico City time: An unidentified male, a Soviet, calls the Cuban Consulate, asks no "Silvia DURAN if the ‘American had been there. Silvia DURAN says he a is there now. ‘The Soviet says the American showed papers fron ‘the oe | Consu late in Mashington , that he wants ‘to go to the Soviet Union | ~ and be there For a Tong time with his wife, who is Russian, but the answer has not come from Washington in respect to this problem, and according to this procedure it takes four or five months, “but: without having permission from the Soviet Union they should ‘ask, or. better said, they cannot issue a visa there without asking Washing- . ton. However, according to this man, he showed a letter indicating he was a ‘member of an organization in favor of Cuba and that the 7 Cubans said that they cannot issue a visa without his having a visa ~ SECRET
13-00000 : from Was hi ngton.. SECRET. for the Soviet Union; and’ now. he. (the Soviet) does not know what, to . - do with him (the fer can), because > they | have to, wait for an answer. — . ‘Silvia DURAN agrees the same prob len exists with the ‘Cubans; .: that the prob lem with him (the pmerican) is that: he. does. not know “eet . ‘anyone in Cuba. and therefore if that is true it will be ditticutt for. him to get a visa for Cuba, because he was s thinking of proces sing his visa (for the Soviet Union) because fie knew it would - require waiting. a long ‘time for: his, visa to the. Soviet Union white in Cuba, and fron. there go to the Soviet Union: The Soviet, said ieee : the thing 1 is that if his wife right now were in Washington she. would receive her visa right now ; or permission, From the Soviet Union, to return to her country; she is- going to receive her visa in po Washington but having this visa, “she could: ‘communi cate ‘to any place. ‘this permission, for example here ‘or any place she could: receive it (visa. or permission) but. right now v they do not have them.- + Silvia DURAN’ says certainly. and they. cannot give a letter either | because they. do not know if the visa will be approved. The soviet. - says. he cannot give a letter or recommendation either because he does not . know him (the American) “and asks to be excused for . bothering her. ‘Silvia DURAN says that | is all right and ‘many thanks. c. 28 Se tember 1963 - (saturday). 1151 hours Mexico City time. Silvia DURAN calls ‘the USSR Embassy and talks to an unidentified errnarr
13-00000 : » ‘Soviet. ‘She says that in the ‘Cuban Embassy there is a North - Fer iean | who was at the. Soviet Embassy . The Soviet says wait a. on Spanish: that ‘they gave APARICIO telephone 14- 12-99 and to take the’ number down--Si lvia DURAN then says the American citizen is ‘going to talk with you, i.e., the Soviet. “The Anerican first: speaks oo Russian, and the Soviet speaks English. They continue in. English. - spoke to your Consul. Just a ‘minute. A Soviet takes the phone. and. “asks the ‘American in English what does he want? The American: says please speak’ Russian. The Soviet says what else do you want? The rom 7 - American says I was just now at your Embassy and they took my . . address. The Soviet says I know that. The Anerican, in hardly - recognizable Russian, says I did not know it then. T went to the 7 Cuban: Enbassy to ask them for my address because they have it. : The Soviet says why don' t you come again and. leave your address. with us, it is not far from the Cuban Embassy . - The per ican says I' n be there right away . dd October 1963 (Tuesday), 1031 hours Mexico City time. | An unknown male (American) calls the Soviet Embassy, the Military Attaché! s number , 15-69-87, and says to an unidentified Soviet ~ respondent: I was at your place last Saturday and talked to your Consul. They said that they would send a telegram to Washington, 10 SECRET. _ minute. ‘Silvia DURAN speaks English with someone--and comments in. oo ' <The Ameri can talks broken Russian and says Iwas in your Embassy and a
13-00000 it down: 15. 60-55, and. ‘ask for a “consul: "Thank K yo Pat ty “Washington, ‘SO. ‘T. wanted to find out if you have anything. ‘ew? “But... and: I wanted to ask you if there is anything - new? ‘The Soviet says I would ‘Tike to ask you to call another phone number? “Please wite 1 October 1963 Tuesda , 1045 hours Hexico city tine Qe. The same person who phoned a day. or SO ago and spoke. in ‘broken Russian speaks to ‘OB YEDKOV (a Soviet Embassy guard). He: faye | - This is Lee. OSWALD speaking. I was at your place last. ‘Saturday and. oe spoke to a ‘consul, and: ‘they. said that they would send a telegram to S Se don't remember’ the name of that consul. OBYEDKOV says: ~ KOSTIKOV, ae He is dark (hair | or skin - 2). OSWALD. says yes. My name is: OSWALD. OBYEDKOV says, just a minute, 1'11 find out. They say ‘that they - o - have not: received anything yet. OSWALD says: ‘Have they done’ anything? OBYEDKOV says: Yes, they say that a Fequest has. ‘been - sent out; but nothing has been received as yet. _ OSWALD “says ‘and what te 2 OBYEDKOV hangs up. - 16. Each of these items, including the texts of the raw-intercepts, so were read by, discussed with, and examined by Warren Commission staffers aa . in 1 Headquarters and at the Mexico Station. during a stay from 8 - 13 fori 1964, 3 ‘All were made. available promptly to ‘the FBI.. 3 The Warren Commission group that visited the Mexico Station consisted of Mr. Coleman, Mr. Slawson, and Mr. Willens. They examined not only the VW SECRET -
13-00000 | oe SECRET infer fron the intercept evidence, ‘that OSWALD made or. could have made: ~ “the Following ‘contacts with the cuban and Soviet official ‘establishments interes city. es - — oe Boe | 27 Septenber 1963 (Friday). “After arrival and check-in to his ‘hotel, OSWALD went first to the: Cuban Embassy where he talked a with M Mrs . “Silvia DURAN. The time of his first Cuban Enbassy visit co 4600" hours (¥. @: 5 dust before closing). " Sometime between the two el Cuban Embassy visits, at Mrs. DURAN ' S indication, he must have . "visited the Soviet Embassy. We have no indication. who he talked ._ ce ME .. with at. the Soviet Embassy. intercepts a - e above, but others for the 27th and one for 3 October that seemed to have relevance. These have not been included in this . . Summary because they appear, on review, to be excludable from the OSWALD: matter on logical or substantive grounds, or both, bearing in mind that - the Soviet Embassy received many calls pertaining to visa matters. On the 27th at -1037 hours. the Soviet Embassy ‘received a call from ‘Qdessa. He was told the Consul was not in and to call back at 1130.. — OSWALD is known to have arrived at the Flecha Roja bus terminal on bus | #516 at circa.1000 hours onthe 27th. It was, therefore, possible for’. him to have made this. call. But granting this, it is unreasonable to- believe the calls were OSWALD" s for the following reasons: a. The caller wanted visas, and specifically for Odessa. OSWALD . was seeking a visa and never in any context did fe specify _ the Black Sea port of Odessa as a destination. ; 12 We _ Summing UP» we can state, or by free interpretation reasonably oe “as unknown. ~The time: of his ‘second cuban Embassy visit was about | —— an unknown individual speaking Spanish who said he wanted visas to go to -
13-00000 po - ad SECRET There was “no photographic coverage ‘of OSwALD' S. entries nto « either the Cuban or Soviet Embassies on ‘the 27th. The “ack of “coverage on. the ‘Cuban. instal lation is explainable: the camera, based on the recollection of officers still in service. in in Heade eee quarters, was | down on ‘the 27th because of mechanical | malfunction, we | * which was in course of correction. “Why OSWALD was mnissed in: his, os probable: entry to the Soviet. installation on the 27th is not. yet: ne 7 explained, but no technical ‘operation of that kind ‘is ‘tations. be 28 September 1963 (Saturday). tote: “Both the Cuban 3 and. - Soviet Embassies were closed to the public on Saturdays. “Photo- graphic. coverage was + normally suspended: Saturdays and Sundays. 1 “b. ‘The call was directed to the correct: Soviet consular ae number: 15-60-55. On J October, OSWALD first called the wrong ca _ number, 15-69-87 (the MA's number), and had to redirect his call to a. - the correct number, 15-60-55. It seems unlikely he would have made ~~ _ what would have been his initial call, on Friday the 27th, to the . ~~" '. correct number, and called the incorrect number on 1 (October. A a “t «ft } é i i i. ! c. There is every reason to believe. from the context of the - - intercepts, para 15, a~e above, that OSWALD's first destination a - after arrival and check- -~in to his hotel, was a visit to the fuban- Embassy. a d. ‘The use of the ‘Spanish language would exclude OSWALD unless” | he made use of an ‘intermediary, which seems unlikely From: what is. known of his modus operandi. On 3 October at 1539 hours an individual speaking broken Spanish, ‘then English, called the Soviet Embassy and asked for a visa.. The Soviet respondent says: Call on the other phone. The requestor says: D m 13 SECRET
13-00000 © grounds: ” SECRET OSWALD, notwithstanding the holiday § Schedule, “went on 1 Saturday morning. to. the Soviet Embassy (his. second visit) vere he. ‘spoke 1 to. “va Consut ; “He apparently could not. recall his new “Texas ‘address. At circa 151 hours. he went ‘to: ‘the Cuban Enbassy--his. ‘third, entry-- aa where he fad registered it in his visa 1 application the day previously. “He secured the address ‘from Mrs. ‘DURA and she called i - the Soviet Consulate presumably to permit him to give ‘then ‘the - address over “the ‘phone. - Instead, the Soviet with whom ‘OswaLD spoke: over t Mrs. “DURAN' telephone invited OSWALD. to come back in ‘person, me “and he said he. would. ‘inmedi ately. "Presumably, thereupon OSWALD went - back to the Soviet. installation Ants third. entry). looking for a visa to go to Russia. ‘The Soviet says: Please call on the telephone of the Consul, 15-60-55.. The requestor says: One moment : “please, I'll have to. get a pencil to write the number down. ‘They. issue | the visa there? The Soviet: That depends on your conversation. I don't | _ know about: this business. The requestor asks for the number again. The © Soviet gives him the number and tells him to ask for the Consul of the Soviet Embassy in Mexico. i ee The relevance of this intercept to OSWALD - is “excludable on three va. “The: use of broken ‘Spanish. “OSWALD rouse ‘sae. broken ... Russian or English. He had no competance. in Spanish to handle ¢ a - conversation of this kind. b. The substance of the request indicates a visa request - in. the first stages of initiation. OSWALD had developed his matter” -with the Cubans and the Soviets the previous Saturday to a point - . well beyond the stage indicated by the substance of this call. 14 SFCRFET
13-00000 SECRET eae Septenber 1963 Sundar), te activity registered. a de “30 Sey tember 1963 (Nonday No activity registered. ( aa oo (it is - known that OSWALD reserved space this date on a- Mexico City a ve, “‘Loredo b bus, departing: 2. October 1963 at 0830 hours. yo | 1 October 1963 (Tuesday) . ‘OSWALD b made at Yeas two calls, on 1037 and 1045. hours, to ‘the Soviet. Embassy. ‘He ‘identified himself a twice during the ‘second call when he talked with OBYEDKOV--2 guard-- and referred to his talk ‘on Saturday, probably with KOSTIKOV. “There 7 was no photographic coverage of OSWALD on. 1 October s if the follow oe . ‘ing reasoning is correct, that Was” as it should be. From the context | (0 of ‘the two calls, there would have been no reason for him to go to” an coe the “Embassy. His case had clearly been placed at. the sufferance of. Po o : the USSR Embassy in Washington. His two calls on 1 October were ae | concerned with whether any reply had been received from Washington. - Under those circumstances , it is unreasonable to believe OSWALD | would have gone to the Soviet Embassy on that date. ie The camera at about mid-day registered the ‘entry into the - Soviet Embassy of a white-shirted individual who, in the opinion. of the - OSWALD had left Mexico City, based on all the credible. evidence, the early morning of the previous. day, 2 October, and could not have made this local call. 15 SECRET
13-00000 SECRET §& ‘Station, among all the- persons photographed that day, appeared to be. ‘the as only person--a non-Latin,. and possibly an Ameri can--who entered ‘the elt installation. On the chance there ‘could be an. ‘assoctation between the. ‘identification data derived fron the voice intercept and the descriptive data derived from the photograph , ‘the Station reported ‘the two. elements | “as” separate facts. in its cable to Headquarters on 8 October. 19. The Station’ Ss action was not unusuat and. | really amounted to: an OS analytic "quantum leap ," justified by: the primitive and initiatory status Ss | — of the OSWALD. identification.- Hany examples of a similar: kind of thing can be found in the day-to-day record, of station-Headquarters correspon dence. ‘and ‘reporting. oo, ooo Developments from 8 October - 22 Novenber 1963 oo “20. Mexico Station reported to Headquarters on 8 October. (received in ~ Headquarters 9 October) the following ‘initiat information ‘on. OSWALD. 4 ~ (1) On 1 October 1963, an Anerican male no male oO” hos broken Russian and said his name Lee OSWALD (phonetic), Coe _ stated he was at SovEmb on 28 September when he spoke — 4 Cablese has been rendered here, and throughout, into readable English, without substantive changes or omissions. Cryptonyms and pseudonyms have been omitted or put into clear text.. mo, oN As oy 16 SECRET
13-00000 SECRET with a consul “whom he: be lieved to be Valeriy. | . - oe Vladimirovich KOSTIKOV. Subject asked the. Soviet » “guard [ivan] OBYEDKOV, who answered, if there was. anytintng new regarding a telegram to Washington. ~- OBYEDKOV. upon checking said nothing had been _ received yet, but: ‘the request had been sent. ay Mexico Station said it had: photos of a a male 7 21 -who appeared to be an “American enteritig ‘the Soviet an Embassy: at 1216 hours. leaving: 1222 on 1 October. “Apparent age. 35, athletic build, circa 6 feet, receding hairline, balding top. Wore khakis and sport shirt. : (3) No soca! dissemination was: being made by the a Station. | On 10 October 1963 at 20122 ‘time the WH Division responsible” - for action disseminated this. report to the Department of State, the FB, and the Navy Department by routine electrical transmission, adding some. collateral detai 1s drawn: from a preliminary file review: (1) On1 October 1963 a reliable and sensitive - source in Mexico reported that an American male, | who identified himself as Lee OSWALD, contacted the Soviet Embassy in Mexico City inquiring Ws SECRET |
13-00000 Pa SECRET. a : whether the Embassy had received any news con- _ cerning a telegram which had been sent to. Washington. The American was described as. ' approximate ly a5 years old, with an athletic. 7 od “build, about 6 feet tall, with a "receding" ; hairline. (2) It is believed that ‘OSWALD may be ‘identical, oe, to Lee Henry [sic] OSWALD, born on 18 October 1939. - in New Orleans , Louisiana, a former U. S. Marine - who’ defected to the Soviet Union in October 1959. ; and later made arrangements through the United ' : Coy : States Embassy in Moscow to. return to the United States with his Russian- born wife, Marina. | | Nikolaevna PUSAKOVA [sic] and their: child. . 3). The infomation in paragraph (1) is being disseminated to your representatives in Mexico City. Any further information received on this subject will be furnished you. This information is being made available to the Immigration and Naturalization 7 Service. - 22. Although the reaction of the Headquarters desk was "by the book" and in good time, there were a number of errors in this advisory. 7 to the departments which, on the record, were. concerned with the OSWALD case: ee | | 18 | SECRET
13-00000 I SECRET a. “OSWALD! S middle name was misgiven: "Henry" for Harvey, “The reason for this mistake is simplicity itself.. The sheet opening the. file on “OSWALD on 9 December 1960 had “been erroneous ly inscribed .. oe "OSWALD, ‘Lee Henry." That sheet--unchanged except for ‘the notation of | the error--is. still the first sheet in ‘the OSWALD file. | b. His wife's -matden ia as wteepa led: PUSAKOVA”™ for “PRUSAKOVA. Neither of these errors are significant (though they persist in the _ ‘Headquarters conmunteations, throughout the month).. are important mast . Cc.” ‘paragraph (2) of. the Mexico Station’ S report, which dealt with, a concurrent, but separate, phenomenon, the description of an individual observed going into and out of the Soviet Embassy; had been locked on to ; “Lee OSWALD. as. an alleged descriptive fact. The Station's qualification, “appeared to be an American," was. transformed ‘in the flat designation of - the unidentified individual as “The American. " S _ There can be no question that this misreading of ‘the Nexico Station report - "was an. analyst’ s error which escaped detection in the coordination before : "release: the descriptive details attributed to OSWALD were so far off the mark. as to be immediately recognizable as such by the recipients ‘in Head- quarters, among whom both the Navy and FBI had photos of OSWALD. (In partial 7 explanation, if not exculpation, be it recalled that as of that manent CIA - had ‘no photograph of OSWALD in Headquarters or in Mexico City to refer to.) 23. Confirmation of this judgment is provided by the contents of. the cable composed by the same analyst and sent as: of 22092 time (two | _ hours later) to Mexico Station, referencing its 8 October cable: 19.
13-00000 SECRET (1) Lee OSWALD who called SovEmb 1 October probably identical, Lee Henry [sic] OSWALD born "18 October 1939, ‘New Orteans , Louisiana, Former radar operator. in United States Marines who | "defected to USSR in October 1959. OSWALD is. Five feet ten inches , one hundred sixty Five a pounds, light brown wavy hair, blue eyes. (2), “On 31 October, 1959 he attempted to renounce / oe his United States citizenship to the United States ‘Embassy. in Moscow, indi cating he. had applied for . ~” Soviet citizenship. On 13 February the US. Embassy ae Mos cow received an undated letter from OSWALD : postmarked Minsk on 5 February 1961 in which ‘sub- ject indicated he desired return of his US passport 7 as he wished to return to USA if ."we. could come to some agreement concerning the: dropping of any Tegal proceedings against me." On 8 July on his own, initiative he appeared at. the Embassy with his wife to see about’ his return to States. Subject stated that he actually had never. applied for Soviet citizenship and that his app lication at. that time had. been: to remain in USSR and fora temporary extension of his tourist visa pending outcome of his request. This application, according to OSWALD, contained no reference to Soviet 200 SECRET
13-00000 — SECRET — citizenship. ~ OSWALD stated that, he had been” employed since B January 1960 in Belorussian radio and tv factory, in ‘Minsk where he worked . “as a metal worker in. research shop. - OSWALD We" oi married on 30 April 1961 to Marina Nikolaevna Soe gs ~ PUSAKOVA [sic], a dental technician born. 17 ty 1941, USSR. No. Headquarters traces. He oO attempted to arrange for his wife. to join him in a Moscow so she ‘could appear at: Enbas sy for visa _ ‘interview. His American passport was returned | to him. US Embassy Moscow stated twenty months of realities of life in ‘Soviet Union had clearly had a maturing effect on OSWALD. (3)- Latest ‘Headquarters information was an. 1 FBI report dated May 1962 saying the FBI had deter. - mined OSWALD is still a US citizen and both he a and his Soviet. wife have exit permits. and — Department of State had given approval for ‘their _ travel with their infant child to USA, (4) The Station shutd pass the information of: reference [its 8 October cable] and paragraph (1) _ above to the Embassy, the FBI, the Navy, and T&NS a locally. The ‘information given above as | 2] SECRET
13-00000 24. with the detai Is deduced. from the photo of the unidentified male, to as _ 85. ~ SECRET parsaranhe (2) and (3) originated with the FBI. (5) Reference ‘and possible identification being disseminated to Headquarters. of FBI, ‘state, a ; Navy, and T&NS.. Please keep Headquarters. | ~~ advised ¢ on any. further contacts or positive - _ identification of OSWALD. Headquarters feedback to Mexico city of OSWALD! s correct - __ description should have been sufficient, in view of the incongruities 2H keep these two matters apart as. ‘investigative facts. - But. things did. not | “work out that way. Mexico Station on 5 October 1963 asked Headquarters to -tplease pouch a photo: of OSWALD. " ‘Headquarters electrically delivered’ vo tot the Department of - the: Navy the following mes sage on 24 October ‘1963. “Mee Henry [sic] OSWALD =. , "It 4s requested that you forward to this office -a§ soon as possible two copies of the most recent | "photograph you have of Subject... We will forward - them to our representative in Mexico, who. wil] attempt to determine if the Lee OSWALD in Mexico _ City and subject are the same individual." 22 -SECRET
13-00000 SECRET  <? - No photo had been, received by CIA by 22 Novenber 1963. uw! as | 26. Within its Timi tations and capabilities, Mexico Station had done all it could to comp ly with Headquarters: ‘instructions: _ a. feadquarters od been alerted, and vin vulnde es _ “with ‘an ‘investigative or policy’ interest in OSWALD as an American | - in the United States. had been alerted, both in Washington and in in _ the field. | a =: a be ‘Mexico: Station had no further contacts by OSWALD to report oe because--as’ it was ultimately ascertained--he had left Mexico City on 2. October. c. -OSWALD was. not an Agency investigative responsibility, in. any case, Even with a photograph, it would have taken very special = efforts, triggered by the other interested U.S. “agencies, to have *_maide a positive identification in view of OSWALD' s hotel ‘registra= tion under alias. There the matter rested until mid-day. 22:November 1963. The Insertion of the Photo of the Unidentified Individual into the Chain of Evidence | 27. On 22 November 1963 the Mexico Station cabled Headquarters at 2229Z time after learning of the arrest of Lee H. OSWALD, age 24, 23 erroe tT
13-00000 SECRET “possibly in ‘connection with ‘the assassination, “and. referenced its oe i earlier messages of 8- 9 and 15 October ‘and Headquarters* reply of 10 October... The Station requested by: “priority ouch a photo. of OSWALD ‘so ) that. Station pose Oe an check . alt recent coverage for OSWALD. “Forward-" a “ing: soonest, ‘copies’ of, ‘only. visitor to Soviet Enbassy ont | October ho could be identical with esa" 5 28, Tt is clear ‘that Mexico Station had | Forgotten that. according Oe to its. own communication the. unidentified male in the: photo was “of | “apparent: age. 35" and ‘that the. accurate description of OSWALD forwarded ee by Headquarters on 10 October precluded the identity with OSWALD of. the 2 a: "person whom ‘they regarded. as the “only visitor to the Soviet Embassy on od October. who. could be identical. on Sg. The Station meanwhile had begun an exhaustive. and accelerated: review of all. its technical and photographic ‘intelligence. A dispatch was prepared ‘in accordance with the indication given in the cable of. 22 November , cited in ‘paragraph 25 above. The ‘dispatch noted that photo coverage of the unidentified . individual had turned up on 4 and ; “15 October at ‘the Soviet and Cuban Embassies , respectively. “The text a OF the 22 November 1963 pouched dispatch ‘read: "]. Attached are copies of the only photographs ‘obtained . . . on-1 October 1963 which appeared 24
13-00000 SECRET. to. be an | Anerican. This same man visited the soviet Embassy ¢ on 4. October 1963. oe “Copies of these photographs were > shown to the’ ~-U. S. “Ambassador. ‘on 22 November 1963 and | a ‘copy of each of the two photographs | was given, to chiet FBI, ae Mexico, on that date oe wis. "Photographs dated 15 October 1963 | were woe inserted after typing of dispatch. These were re taken, as [the] 1 person entered ‘the: Cuban Embassy. " ne Attached \ were eight photographs: four (of which two were _ marked oar October on reverse) showing the individual in a white shirt, and four ‘(unmarked on | reverse) showing the ‘individual in a black shirt. Te a > would seem to be logical that the word "sets". was: probably anitted from “paragraph t two of the dispatch between the words: “two! and “photographs. peer — That the Station was working under forced draft is. clearly | apparent from the text of the dispatch, which tacked ona material fact oo “as a postscript. That Fact was ‘reported simu}taneously by cable to” - oo Headquarters at 00532 time, 23 November : a Pe Mexico Station has. photos sane unidentified American type who is: possibly OSWALD entering . Cuban Embassy on 15 October. Searching for 25 SECRET
13-00000 TO SECRET ~  possibitity, photo documented entry Cuban Embassy other | days. oo "2. “Also attempting ¢ establish ‘OSWALD entry and departure. Mexico. ' u “ai, Headquarters, 2 at 01362 time, 23 Novenber 1963, + asked Mexico oo “Station to send a staff member: with all ‘photographs to Headquarters 0 on ee the next, avai lable ‘hight. ee Concurrently with or _before the foregoing cables to Headquarters, the Chief of ‘Station, Mexi co city, had spoken directly by double-tatk an telephone! with the Western Hemi sphere Chief of Division, Mr. a. Ce KING, > and secured permission to give copies of the photographs of the uni den- tified individual to the * Legal Attache and ‘to make them Known to. the a, Mmbassador. 33. What happened next is: : best reflected | in a personal note by the a hier of Station to the WH Division Chief, mai led to the latter fron . “Dallas, together with copies of the photographs , by the Legal. Attaches Co | : representative who delivered them to the FBI in that city. 499 November 1963 | _ "Dear J.C. [KING]: "Reference is made to our conversation of 22 November 26 SECRET
13-00000 in | whi ch I requested permission to give ‘the ‘Legal “Attache copies of Photographs of a certain person | who is known to > you. "Attached are ‘copies of ‘each of the photographs _ have with the dates of. the visits stamped. on. “3 - the back. -.. sador decided that. this was Important encugh, to, have a a member of the ‘Legal Attache! ‘Ss of fice take copies of these. pictures to Dallas, Texas. The he SECRET £4 HAE 6 p.m. Mexico time on 22 November, The ‘Ambas- °° Naval Attache, is: making a special flight from Mexico City for this purpose. The Legal Attache! S. eT 7 officer who is going to Dallas has ‘prom sed to. mail this material to you for me. "Copies. of. these photographs: are. also. being sent by. pouch’ which will leave Mexico City on the | night of 22 November 1963. Best shes. “Win [SCOTT]" ‘According toa sidelined comment on this letter, the Legal Attache's officer was Eldon RUDD. 27 SECRET
13-00000 oN, had been. made by: the Ambassador, according, to the Chief of. ‘Station, “ato i “ sin Ttaneous Ty with the FBI agent' s departure reported to 0 Headquarters) 7 by cable “(o2aaz time, 23 Novenber): "FBI agent left here ‘2000 Tocal time with two: copies. SECRET ey ‘The decision to remit the photographs to the ig in. Dallas each of six photos ‘of a ‘person suspected to be pee OSWALD, on a special flight for Dallas. "He is. ~ garrying envelope with one copy . each photo for ees airmail special from Datlas to. J. c. KING: at - hone as per telephone conversation with ‘SCOTT. 35. One copy of each of these. photos plus | a copy of each of the photos ‘showing the “same person exiting | the. Cuban- Embassy forwarded: by | memorandum. leaving © by regular pouch tonight. In view of: above does | Has still want a staffer with additional photo(s)?" |. Headquarters. responded two hours later, 04227 time, | . 23, November 1963, cancelling its request: "|... No need send staffer with photos. We have — asked Navy for photos again, but Mexico can see OSWALD's picture soonest on the press wire. "2. Have just re-emphasized to FBI Headquarters the sensitivity of photos you are sending and also - 28 SECRET
13-00000 ' SECRET Lo “> relaying n names of ‘travelers with similar 1 names . Note, radio says OSWALD lived ‘under alias of wea Oe “0, H. LEE. we | me . on the Zar at “in dins."tedountve st Mexico City: ° oo “The FBI says that the photos of the man a : ; 37. in : entering the Soviet Embassy which Mexico | - “Station sent to Dallas were not of Lee OSMALD. Presume Mexico Station has ‘double- checked: . : dates of. these photos ‘and is also checking ‘all. | _ pertinent Dhotos ¢ for possible shots of OSWALD. And ‘at. this point, "20487 time, 23 November, Nexico Station = Finally agreed: "Saw photos of Lee OSWALD on television night of 22 November and it obvi ous photos sent to Dallas 7 - “were not identical with Lee OSWALD. held in Dallas. 38. . bates are as ‘given ‘On. phot os . "Mexico Station is: reviewing all available photos of -persons entering Soviet and Cuban Embassies .' Two hours later (22547 time, 23 November 1963) the Station had reported the results of its effort to review all available coverage: 29 SECRET.
13-00000 SECRET _<Comptete recheck of photos of all visitors to a ~~ Cuban Embassy fron August through first. halt of ~ November against ‘good press. photos. shows ‘no a evidence of OSWALD visit. "Similar blank against - OP all Soviet Embassy photos fron ] September. Note, only Visit, we know he made to Cuban Embassy 28 September, Saturday, on which Embassy closed. and we had not had coverage 39. With this ‘communi cation the matter of the “unidentified “individual” reaches the end of Phase I, the key element ‘of whi ch. is. the - conviction, at first latent, then expressed, that the photographed : __ individuat might be identical with OSWALD. This applies. espectally, to oF ut the Station, _ though at a certain point even Headquarters moved no- rebuttal despite the hard fact that the description of OSWALD and the i oo unidentified | individual were ‘quite disparate. | 40. This review has ‘attempted to deal even-handedly with all. items - in ‘the case record that have a bearing on what happened. The operational 7: 7 zeal, innovativeness,, and the high commit tment of all involved, especially in Mexico City, speaks for itself... "Equally soparenta= because of the 20/20. advantage of hindsight-~is the evidence of | | non-performance. It was a critical failure, for example, that. no. photo of OSWALD was made available--though it was expressly requested both at aes | Headquarters and by the field--or that it was not more aggressively 30
13-00000 “Mexico city as an: ‘impressionistic, selection of the photograph < on. os, SECRET ~ sought by CIA, before 22 November. /A photograph of OSWALD would have. obviated--in. a way, the mere possession. of. a correct. physical description. - evidently could not--the whole successive deterioration of what began’ in a October 1963 into a cause celebre today. oo “io. ‘It should be clear fron this ‘factual survey that never had ; there been a "cause celebre with less: intrinsic merit. “it ‘is equally -elear 1 from the facts themselves ‘that there was nothing contrived or . . | conspired in what ‘happened, unTess we » have now descended to that point. | “in human values achieved under STALIN in ‘the USSR ‘and under HITLER in is 7 “Germany, where just a plain mistake is per se ‘evidence of conspiracy. oS ' The Genesis and Develoonent of Odum Exhibit No. 1 and oe Commission Exhibit 237 me. Special Agent of the FBI, Bardwell. D. ODUM, on 23 November | 1963 showed one of the six photos Flown up from Mexico city the previous . day to OSWALD! s mother, Marguerite OSWALD. “ODUM hinse1f had trimmed ‘off the background by straight cuts. | - OSMALD had no’ o recognition of. the _ image in the photograph. ODUM ' Ss own detailed account may be ‘found in | Hearings, op. cit, vol. XX, ‘pe "268. 42. The photograph shows ‘the unidentified ‘individual. ina. black shirt. It was one of the five: photos taken of him in front of the Soviet 31 SECRET
13-00000 mo Dy SECRET i ot Embassy | in “Mexico city on 4 October 1963, two days after OSWALD had eee “ye deft ‘the: sity oo i. At this point, for. the record, the - total avai lable 2 photo . a coverage of the unidentified individual numbers twelve (2) photographs: ‘a. Five 6) taken on. 1 October 1963, ‘entering. and exiting the Soviet Embassy. He is” sgarbed in a white shirt and. Vight- colored ~ (khaki- 1 trousers. ob “Five (6) taken’ on 4 October 1963 in front of the Soviet, “ "Embassy. He is -garbed in a dark, open, button-down shirt with a oe _ ah-recktin undershirt showing and dark trousers . a c Two (2) taken on 15 October 1963 in front of the cuban : Embassy. He is wearing a 1 dark, collar less T- shirt ¢ or Tight sweater. ~The negatives of all of these are extent and are now: ‘held in. Headquarters a as ‘integral parts of the OSWALD and related ‘file holdings . - _ “44, The result of ODUM's 5 display of the photograph--to repeat, a: cropped v version of one of those noted under paragraph 43b,. above--was oe Mrs. Narguerite OSWALD' s allegation that she had been shown a picture we her son’ S killer, Jack RUBY, a day before he perpetuated the deed? . Again oe the Warren Commission Report (pp. 364-365, 367) exhaustively disposes. _of this erroneous charge. and requires no repetition here. A complica~ ting fact developed along the way was Mrs. OSWALD's (correct) observation, 32 SECRET
13-00000 om : SECRET © SS -. when she Finally admitted before the. ‘Commi ssion ‘that the oun. photograph» wasn not RUBY , was that the photo had been ‘cropped: differently fron the a - one she. had been show in Dallas. | Inspector MALLEY! Ss cropped \ Version fof | | the ODUM photograph | became Commi sson Exhibit 237 1 (see Hearings, : ues Vol. 1. XVI, p- 638). . eS me ee 5. The: net. “effect of. the developments ‘in the hearings. of the 7 Commission was to require the admission of the ‘cropped photograph into : _ evidence in a 1 chain of depositions ‘begi nriing with ODUM, ‘including the an | FBI Inspector 5 James R. ‘MALLEY. (who had trimmed the photograph used by the Commission in Washington), and Richard HELMS, who deposed for the 0. . originator. These documents speak for themselves and Will be found in the - Hearings. Vol. XI, PP. 468~ 470. / 46. Mexico Station and other’ senior Agency officers strongly advised against. the publication of the photograph in any form on the we grounds that the. Soviets would be. ‘inmedi ately alerted ‘to the ‘existence of a useful. and continuing U:S. “inte Tigence operation, and ‘the ‘opera “tion would go down the. drain. There were repeated. cables exchanged on vo ‘this point between Headquarters and Mexico Station during the summer | | of 1964, in particular fron 23 September to 15 October | 1964 when the . ‘Station -had plans underway to abandon the “operation. "47. ‘In acceding to the Commission's request for a deposition, Mr. HELMS, then the Deputy Director for Plans, replied affirmatively to 33 SECRET
13-00000 SECRET. o Mr. “RANKIN: by memorandum of 23 June 1964 which included “the * fol Laving on observation: oa thet Central InteTtigence: Agency recommends that. et ‘this photograph not be ‘reproduced in ‘the sat ae “ston s report because it would jeopardize, a ‘most | a confidential and productive operation. In - aS addition, it could be ‘embarrass ing to the indivie ae i dual ‘involved who: as far as the Agency is aware ae “had no connection with Lee Harvey OSWALD or the e ~ assassination of President KENNEDY. in a8. In this ‘instance the needs of. the Commission prevailed over ro So the. DCI's. statutory. obligation to: protect sources and methods . The "Unidentified Individual" remains to this day unidentified and there. is so “no credible evidence. up to this time to rebut tthe assertion fade’ by = . itr. HELMS in. the concluding sentence of his riemorandum to Mr. RANKIN meee 23 June-1964. And the operation-did, as predicted, go down the drain. a Within. a week of ‘the public appearance of the. Odum Exhibit No. 1 and - “Comission | Exhibit 237, members of | the soviet Embassy began systematic . _ efforts to survey ‘the surround ing buildings, ostensibly for rental; space, but, clearly their inquiries were directed. to spotting possible camera. sites. The operation was continued in any case, Within a year | it had become almost totally unproductive in coverage on Americans in - contact with the Embassy--a. clear sign that this category of visitor | was being warned away by the Soviets themselves. — (34 ceroer
13-00000 7 SECRET aN ; Phase IIT: The "unidentified Han” Photo ra ns 1964 = WIE. - 49. . As could be foreseen, there has. been persistent. pressure by. |  eritics of the Warren Commission Report to exploit. Odum Exhibit ted . and Commission Exhibit No. 237 For partisan interpretive purposes . ore ee considerable correspondence has accumu lated since the end of. 1964 in. which the Agency has attempted to be responsive to these requests: and, a simultaneously, has tried to satisfy what has beer its sole. interest ° From the inception of ‘the matter: to protect the method of acquisition - of the photograph ‘and_ ‘the foreign ‘Vaison: FeTatTonsbtp which made the acquisition possible. = 50. Following are highlights from the correspondence during the current phase. a. On 16 May 1967, over “the signature of ‘the General Counset of the Agency, Lawrence R. HOUSTON, ‘CIA voluntarily submitted a Bo dO + +. statement about the photograph to Judge BAGERT of the criminal | - District. Court for the Parish of Orleans State of Louisiana. The response dealt affirmatively with the ‘contents ‘of the subpoena . . that had been. delivered to. the United States MarshaTT in, the District of Columbia, despite. the: fact ‘that ‘the subpoena. could, not be . ~ executed ‘because of the. lack of jurisdiction. — Mr. HOUSTON proferred: on Agency behalf categorie assur- - ances to the court regarding the inaccuracy. of statements and re — 35 “SECRET
13-00000 oMe, HOUSTON’ S. $ memorandum. 2 cmpocause’ of the publicity which has surrounded the mo Orleans Parish Grand Sury” proceedings , we have. . recently carried out an. exhaustive search of the 7 files” of the Central Intel ligence Agency for any - picture of Lee Harvey OSWALD taken in Mexico. As or result of this search, I can. state. ‘categorically ~ t that. the files of this ‘Agency do not contain, and ~~ never have contained, any such picture ‘of - Lee Harvey OSWALD. taken in ‘Mexico and that we have no information whats oever that any such photograph “ever existed. To the best of our knowledge and - information, therefore, there is no ‘such photograph. Furthermore, the photograph which 4 is printed in the - Warren. Commission Report, Exhibit No. 237 in Volume | XVI, “never ‘contained more than one Figure, “and ‘the , | Figure in the photograph depicts an individual who . to our knowledge, has not. been identified. The _ circumstances of the filing of this photograph with the Warren Commission are set forth in affidavits on pages 468 and 469 of Volume. XI, Hearings Before. the President's Commission on the Assassination of “inferences made by Mr. GARRISON in New Orleans about the | photograph of the unidentified ‘individual The Following is extracted from oe
13-00000 SECRET. . Pres ident Kennedy . Consequent ty, we. “have no ‘record - aoaae of any photograph that answers in any way the Loe description of the ‘one we understand was . s requested | in the - subpoena. — a OST hope you will accept this ‘information. in | this, Ao form in the spirit of. F cooperation in which it is- eb proferred. Wo be The Agency has repeatedly serviced requests about the e . identify of. ‘the unknown individual from Mr. Emory L. ‘BROWN, ry a Route #4, Box 82, /Squankum Road, Farmingdale, New Jersey. The fast aa . exchange of correspondence i in our ‘record covered the period | . 4 - 17 Arid 1 1970. cs Detailed inquiries on the unidentified individual were _ received on ] and 24 November 1971, ‘to which the Agency responded | on 15 November and 14 December, respectively, “From . a “Mrs Paul L: HOCH; 1735" Highland Place #2, Berkeley, ( California. SoS d. The most. extensive effort to pursue the. unidentified - individual was. and is being made by Bernard FENSTERWALD , Ire, who i ‘is now Executive. Director of a Committee to Investigate fssassinas tions, 927 55th Street, NeW. Washington, D.C., beginning on 7 _ 22 March 1971, shortly after the Agency declassified Commission ee : Document. No. 674, and extending through V1 October 1972, after the 37. SECRET.
13-00000 “SECRET “FBI S ‘declassification of Commission Document ‘No, 556. - On 8 Api Pa, ag, Mr. "FENSTERWALD was invited to the Agency for a discussion with. ‘the General. ‘Counsel, Mr. HOUSTON, of his question about tthe: : © photograph: of ‘the. unknown individual. Two other. Photographs. of eon the v unidentified individual, in, addition to the photograph | . depicted 3 in ‘the two Commission exhibits, were shown, to him at ‘that wo time, It is a matter of more than ordinary ‘interest to note. that” 7 «on this occasion Mr. -FENSTERWALD , who was ‘accompanied by his.. | partners Mr. William OHLHAUSEN, told Mir. HOUSTON and ‘another ee - representative of ‘the Agency in attendance that he knew who the an “unidentified man was. The Following is extracted from’ Mr. HOUSTON! s : ° Memorandum of Record, 8 April 1 1971: ane Mr. “FENSTERWALD came to my office this | morning with his partner, William 6. OHLHAUSEN, i. -. looked at ‘the other * photographs » and told us he. | did know who the man was. He said he is presently - - serving a "prison term somewhere in the United “States and admitted that he had known OSWALD, ‘but ~My. FENSTERWALD said there was nothing to indicate ~~ any connection between the man in the photographs - ~and the assassination of Pres ident KENNEDY. | Mr. F ENSTERWALD did not give us the man's name at. this time, as he said enough people had suffered , unnecessari ly from allegations that they were _ 38
13-00000 —— associated with the assassination, but. he ne did say, he was sure we had a File on the man. He “asked if he could have the photographs, and Yr. "asked how he could use them. He said he did : not know and finally agreed ‘that for the tine ‘ being ‘he would not press his. request . | a _ The whole meeting. was extrenely friendly and. they t thanked us for our response." me “The Following | is. extracted fron ‘the. Memorandum of Record . by the other CIA. man present, Mr. Arthur E. DOOLEY. . | C2 ae "Mr. FENSTERWALD said he knew who the person ae | | | was and had spoken to him; that the man was too _ nervous ‘to come forth « on his own. -FENSTERWALD ~ would not give. the man's name but said he is an oy American, “serving a prison term in this country . - on a ‘criminal charge, and that he had met OSWALD in Mexico. . I asked whether the prisoner had any. conspiratorial relationship with OSWALD. | FENSTERWALD replied he did not know the answer - as he had not interviewed the man as yet. We reiterated that we did not know who the man was, and said that we would like to know his identity. FENSTERWALD replied that CIA has a - 39. | | SECRET.
13-00000 “thick file on ‘the’ unknown 4 man, ‘and ‘that ‘we will cb be furnished his’ name in due ‘course: ke nr. -FENSTERWALD made 1 no. reference in his subsequent conversations and correspondence to this allegation about. ‘the seetiey Ss OF the: “Unidentified Individual, ‘ “though the claim, if “true, would” a be. of. direct evidential interest and possibly permit us to assert | with Finality what we believe has been the fact from the beginning: Oo Attachment A A: “Memorandum by David W. Belin to Mr. E. Harry Knoche, | me fo. a : . dated 15 April 1975, with attachment: "The CIA and- _ ae vO the Man Who. Was Not Oswald" from the New York Review et |” Attachment B: Pages 364, 365, and 667 fron ‘the Warren Commission" S. ae ae SO report. et ae - Lot, SECRET. oo the “Unidentified Man* has nothing to do with the OSWALD. case at an | - of Books, ‘by Bernard. Fensterwa ld and George O'Toole.
13-00000 i203 A. Johan +. Connor: C. Dougtas Ditton ; - Erwin N. Griswotd . ee ee Las a@ Kirkland, CO  , April 15,-1975.:°. Lyman L. Lemnitzer ee re 2.) Ronald Reagan ee ea oe i _.. Edgar F. Shannon, Je.) Mr. E.-Henry Knoche . .- Assistant to the Director . .) Central Intelligence Agency - > Washington, ‘D. Cc. (Dear mr. Knoche: As: you know, Lee Harvey Oswald. was in Mexico ‘City. in’ “late September and early October, 1963. Shortly after’: wh he left Mexico City a photograph was. taken of an American” ° “male and a question was raised whether or not this. male was. COMMIS.0N ~. x CIA ACY IVITIE 5S WITHIN TH. J JED STATES . Washington, DC 20500 - ae ATTACHMENT A -Rockefeller, : oe ce. ve Be Ce, 7 a David W, Belin, won! Chairman _: Lee Harvey Oswald. The CIA and the Warren Commission both . '-determined that the picture was not of Lee Harvey Oswald : and that the picture was taken after Oswald jefit Mexico’ oo ; City. . Although portions of this record have beer jeléasea te tne .; public, other portions have remained classified because... : o£ concerns by the CIA. at the time that a release of the © full picture might disclose sources and methods which the : CIA felt were not in the national interest to disclose: at that time. In light of the false allegations about. the oes _ assassination of President Kennedy and the false allegations . . disclosed at this time. of CIA involvement, I feel that it would be appropriate to reconsider whether or not the entire, matter. can tbe fully I would like to receive by. April 22 a. fall report | ‘from: _the CIA on this entire matter. ‘Sincerely yours, Davia @ Gee Executive Director fai ti ua
13-00000 — The cI Aa and the Man Who B < weeks Osfore the assassination of | ssident Xennedy. on November 22." 53, the Central Inteigencs Agency Ribiect: Lee Hency OSWALD’ Cry Octd¥er“1963: a reliable: and -sansitive ‘source’ ih Mexico - re ported that an Americia mals, |. Who idec.titied “himself as- Lee" OSWALD, contacted: the Sovier . | Embassy in Mexico City inquiring : whether the Embassy had received - iy Mews concsming a telegram’ wnich: had been sent to™ Washing. ‘on. The American was described ‘S approximately 35° years old, vith ast athletic build, about six eet tall, with a receding hairline, roe is UWellaved that OSWALD - fay- be identical. to Lee Hen ISWALD, | born on ‘18 October i 939 in Naw: Orleans,. Louisiana. A ocmer US. Marine who defected - 9 the Soviet Unign: in.- October 959-and later made arrangement . arough ' the United . States Em. - . assy in Moscow to return. to- the. 2 ‘nited States with his. -Russian-: orn wife, Marina: ‘Nikolaevna’ usakava, and. their child, ° .. The information ia paagraph | ref being. disseminated. to your | presentacives | ‘in’ Mexico City, ny further information received i this subject will. be furnished. | ais information is being - ii Natura ization: Service,’ mess: Maz ie Mekurd’ Helms, then chief he Agency's Cladescine:. srvices, March 7963 anemorzaduim, to.J, e oy tale to the Immigration | oe 15 the Lee Henny. Oswe sid of ‘the s uee Harvey Oswald? Yes, 0... , Helms, the CLA neve ' Navy’s pistuies of ‘Osweid sand only concluiled after Urol assassination that 70 two different piostz: were involved. St M fanehite é, , the _ Phot oaraah was deliv- oe mneval” counsel to the aa Ca: siLaion, | ‘Helms: explained”: “ORT A ae s mideie ~ RAIMI vas: emud Fensterwald and: seorga O'Toole . “erroneously given as ‘Henry’ in the subject line. and in “paragraph two-of | - ol Sthe: dissemination, 0: . The maiden sur =. : , , : Be tet t the following teletype messags te: _ . name ‘of Mrs. OSWALD was mistakenly. Federal Bureau of: Investigation - i the Degart meats of State and the: _ © Usted as “PUSAKOVAL 2 — x - Bot ‘Leo Harvey. Oswald:: was. not “approximate iy 35 years old, with an ‘athletic build”: ‘he: was: twenty-three - years old and slender? Apparently the. ious was concemed about the dis . repancy, for on October. 23 it sent - “the following. message to the: Depart- cmtent- of the Navy: rear 7 ae . a m Subject: Lee Henry Os’ WALD . -Refersnes is made; ,to- CIA Gut. - Teletype No, 74673 \ [the eaglier message}, dated 10 October 1963, i “regarding possible presence of sub- * ject in Mexico Gity. It is requested | ‘that you forward to this office as " SO6n as possible two copies of the” most recent photograph you have __ __of subject. We will forward them "te our representative | in Mexico, who will attempt to determine if | the Lee OSWALD in Mexico City and subject ars the. same individ- a val.* Since. : Oswald had Pie -in the: Marine Corps, which comes under the administration of the. Navy, his person-- - nel records. would have included his. photograph, What the ‘Agency did not say in this. cos Cable is that it had in its possession a ' photograph ‘of - -the oman-who had. apparently “id antified himself” as Os- > ~ .wald, The man in the CLA photo was not Lee Harvey Oswald; ke was, just as “the Agency's - “reliable and . sensitive . ‘source had described him, approxi- - mately thirty- five’. years -old, wilt an. athletic belld anc ‘a..receding hailine. — According to a msmorandum by Ae oo Ohe & can, ‘only guess 2t. the . police. headquarters. Th next day: received “the — . . Sometime. betwee: 7a July ist 1983 : Novem: oe 22, 1957 eto both ince Peale cand. implication. that the CEA thou: 6 ay story, m2 ee “Was: “a5 SwOciated | wirk confusion: Caused by. the picture. The FBI needed: | : Ro: Navy | PRotegraph | ta establisir that! Be othe Taystery man was nok Oswald=Ls “Harvey Oswald | Was sitticiy handcuffed: . ina thire-Aeap office of the Dallas: Bt Special Agent Bard wet D..-Octinr was: (|: Gispatched with the. ‘photogzaoh to the.” ; motel where Oswalg’ S. wite and mather’ ' were hidden, He showed the Picture to: Mrs, : Marguerite Oswald, mother of the . accused assassin, Mrs, Oswald looked at _the .photoe and told Odurr ‘she didn’t; - . _ Fecognize the man? the following: _ day, however, Shortly after her son was.: murdered in the basement of Dallas : . City Halt, “Mrs. Oswald - erronzously : i» identified the mystery man. She told | . . the press the .PBI hed shown her:a ; - Picture of Jack. Ruby the ni ght before, | Mrs. Oswald's mistake Was. under. tandable—the “mystery man bore a t ‘supetficial vesemblanecs to Jack Ruby and in her recollection of a ries 7 _Blance at: the. photograph, two faces became one, Bet the misidentification ‘wnade it. necessary. for. the Warren ; Commission: to rTefer, however oblique. : - Wy, to the affair of the mystery man. -- In the twenty-six volumes of | published - - - testimony -; and evidence ‘Supplementary : .., to the Warren: ‘Report, the Commission ' ‘printed the pishure that was shawn to |- Mrs. Oswald? The Wares Report ‘contains » a. vary brisé aecount of fhe. a ant cidant,. ot * According to: the Report, the CIA. a hed. provided ° ‘the F3l with & photo- . _ graph OF te man who, it was. thought: ™ at the time, might have been associated with Oswal a. oe The Report g qu ated an ~attidayiz by” Richa: ed ileims thet “the. | Original photograph had been token by the CIA oulside of the Usited States , eRe The Commission's. explzastion is. hlsadiag, The. hr tie
13-00000 Ss own evidence, . . conchided cithes SuSItry man wag imperso ur that aa unlikely chah, nad accidentally Unked both : ave Via who “coatscted” the Soviet Eme | bassy to Les Harvay Oswald, | Tie treth was further obscured by ine Renon's reverence to the Helms artidayit, which described. the clrenme stances in which the. mystery man ‘was Shologeszned only in the most vague _genaral terms, The affidavit Was ested Au must 7, .1964.)* However, the |)! and gene Commission never - mentioned ih its Ausort or in Ns twenty-sie sugplementas- tr volumes that jt had obtained .an - culler affidavit from Helms on July 22, a in which he’ was much more - spettge TF pp origioal photograph,” roth astiied, “was taken in Mexico City on, October 4, 1963073 (This. easties ‘Helms affidavit was. released in 145 through’ the efforts of Paul Hoch, a private researcher.) .°. oe foe fav ‘There is no available record that ~ Helms ever told the Warren. Commission exactly where in “Mexica City, the mystery: man was photo- | ‘but the circumstances in - which the photograph was given to the: f Pichard . graghed, Commission (offer, a very - plausibla suggestion, The CIA. required the FBI  . crop out the background. in. ths ste betars handing | it. over ‘to the. ©. Commission. | * The obvious conclusion. vidden surveillance _ camera, end the | -IA wished ‘-to . avoid disclosing. its acation, According to knowledgsable ‘ormer employees. of the. ‘CIA, the Soviet and Cuban embassizs,. among. Me others in Mexico City, were under. ; constant photographic surveillance : at- he time, [f seems likely ‘then that the. nam who, according to. the CIA, ‘eas ied himself as Lee Oswald” was ee *ghed leaving: the Mexico City . a mbasly of the Soviet Unica oroF hot ome othe: communist country, ar The first “pubtic hint” that they mys-- may have been’ impersonating - jsw2id came in 1966, with the publi ~~ Edward. Jay’. Epstein’s Lie | arse, 3 schotast ny study of the Warren = interviewed 9. | gal stati” who recutled: the incident, He ‘said he” ths ecy man: toa of 'S Epstein the Cormmission’s 1%; “omimission, sue of . Bocea, Commis- iG. asked Raymond G.. “moneys Valsca cwith «the: tna,'® sbalr ths photograph. Tre law- wt laber¢ word from the Agency: tai Cha mystery / man was thoughe to ba seald. a? ne the: phot oyapn was . tne photoxrach and the - the /s.qeacy mistaice soincone so dis '- sunilar in appearance for Lee Harvey '. Oswald? The CilA said they wear! check further and call tim buck, | lawyer, tdld Enstela that they never called him back and tae Warren Repod . contains no explanation of the Agere __ cy’s raistake,"7 Archives released a previoualy classified megmorandum about the mystery mad | from’ Richard Helms to tha Commis - sion’S general counsel, J. Lee Raak- dnt? Dated March 24, 1964, - : memo informed Rankin: . « Se are | “mediately . following the .assassi- . nation of Presidant Kenaedy, throa _. cabled reports were recatved’ from | {deleted} in Mexico.City relative a a On. 22 and 23 No vember, im- contre with Les Harvey Oswald, and .-° Another piece of the putts fell into | - place early in 1971, whan the National . - Aer orsi another Oswald Dapast ot *% “Ee Wy amie seat being “ pnotogiaohs: « hte, mysterious stranger who. who had visited posh tae Soviet and Cuban embauies, Wax it the same mystery ran whose picture had been snows to Mrs, Oswald? Or was it ye Hinger? : Firm evidencs of the. existeace of | additional photographs of the uaid anti- | fiz oman mentionsd in the Warren | on Report was-turned up. by - Rooert | ‘Smith, 2 . Private. ressarcher, In 1972: - Ssnith, then research’ director for the: vs Commission. to. Iavestigsta- Assassina~: _- tions, was poring over some recently! . declassified Warren Commissinga docu- _', ments. when he found reference to the: . ‘smaystey prota: and two. offer views of - to photographs of an unidentified - we man who visited the Cuban and — : Soviet Embassias in that city dar-. ing - Octobvar ° 1 a _ were. paraphrases of these reports."° , | Message to “the Protective: ‘Re- - | search Staff, The Secret Service, \, : } delivered: by baad on 23 Novem, ‘ber 1963, at 1030 hours, 22 | Through souress: availabls. to it, . . ' possession of a photogragh of an | “have visited the Cuban Embassy in “ mid-October, . This individual, : idéntical with - Lee “Harvey Os. WALD Oo — “Messazs “to the: Prote active: . starch Staff, The Secret Service, delivered by hand on 23. Nover- ber 1983, at 1030 hours, coe CIA Hea dquartecs was informed : . -{deteted] on 23 November that “several photographs: of 2 person. . “known: to frequent. the ~ Soviet Embassy ia. Mexico. City, and who - _ might .be identical with Le - ¥ey. OSWALD, had bsen forwar ‘to Washingto _ this countiy.” afiemed ‘that “the subject. of the photo, _unidentified “person thought: to _was believed at the time, might be Lee Har- on by: ths hand of. aoe ‘United States officiel retuming 1 to: and November . 7 -On the basis. of these cables, ‘Helms ; - went on to say, the CIA had sent) ‘séveral reports to the Secret Servics.. . Attached to the Helms memorandum . Two dealt with the mystery mani a Ree,” Elelins’s covering. ‘memdrandum, af a graphs mentionad in the3e reports is. a veillance. cameras, ‘the same. ‘person?* Smith. .catled his “discovery: to the attentian af one of. the authors, Bemard Fensterwald, who: +. jastituted a suit under the Preedora of Information Act for release of thé two. ‘Pictures. The government yielded and! fumed over the phatogzaghs to Fen tervald: 2nd Smith.. ‘They are Thea here for the first tims, The twa-new views. of the mystery man’ weré. taken ‘at a_ different time! - pubs from the first. picture, -In the first’ _ Picture, the one ‘published | . Warren Commission. volumes, . : wearing 2 ‘long-steeved’ dark shirt and. . appears empty-handed: in the two nsw - photos he is. wearing 2 short-sleeved ‘ white. shirtand is carrying “some kind : of. bag. or pouch, The new photos atsa | show him: holding’. 2 small, passport: ithe CLA- {deleted} had coma into ©-. ” ir the he. is ‘sized booklet and what @ppeurs to. be a wallet. As in the first photograph, the ' backgrounds: ‘of the two new phota: _ Rave bean. “cropped out. Whoever he : was, he managed [3 be phatographed., “apparently * by: the Cla’s hidden sur: “on at feast bw: ; Separate occasions, And neither. of th : new - photogrishs reveals any,. reser bance between the mystery. Rtit. ani Lee Harv: ivey “Oswald.. ; . The, “Warren Conunission conclude. 7 that- Oswald had bees it Mexico in Int a Sept ember and, early. ‘October 1952 Records of Mextean Customs arid Iz migration, bus. Rnes, ‘aad a Mexico. Cis. Botel. indicate ‘that Oswald entere. Bexica | at Nuevo Larecg om the U border. on September 26, traveled iM bus to Mexico City, wriving there Mawes - RMeRE. ‘moztning, and” returned: to i ~ United States. on Octener 3.25 passer (Sees. of (the . bus to Mexico. Cis. remem bel ed Oswald, but there is x “mos: Ro. ‘eyewitness, ‘tsstimiony ta Suz _ port: the. Commission's . recarnstructio OF Oseaid’s movers, in: that. citv.75- The ¢. ts after he arrive Cas miaing’ te Foe
13-00000 that Oswaid made repeated visits to SOM the Soviet and. Cuban embassies ests heavily upon the affidavit of one. eee ng b oe ag witness, 2 Mexican woman - who- worked at the Cuban Embassy.?7 ws ° GU? fe ms . an oy fe “a a ty on Novernder, 23,1963, sha. Einbassy in late September to apply Soviet Union, Mrs. aanned tri to the heated: exchange ba- d viza to visit Cuba. during a. 7 S| eee eematoaee + cizestor of Mexican Federal Cswaid had visited the Cuban | - raeer, Gewxald and the: Consul. when | ne C zm official told him his cequest unuld net be granted. immediacely, Sha - remembered making a “semboltficial” prone Cll to” the: Soviel Embassy to - WY 9 spset up action’ on. Oswald's a hs identified the. Lea o visited the Cuban 2 aveusad assagsin whose = peared in the Mexican ° Varrea. Conmissica aw Si! Purana, lely on nar. aff attemar to tiik.to rscorced ja any * newsdager reporter tried to interview . _ hee in Aoril 1964. Her husband would. -/. MOE permit the man to speak with her, saying. “she had suffered a nervous. breakdown following her interrogation by the Mexican authorities and had been prohibited by her physician... from discussing: the . Oswald: _matter - further3° re" this report is, cosract, ' the interrogation of Silvia Duran may have been a more emotional interview than one would concluds ‘from. the report forwarded by the Mexican po- - lice. The report. gives the impression ‘can trip for the American authorities. ' One question that arises Duran’s statement was given volua- ‘tarily, ead, if not, wi ether her identi- embassy is vatid. . The Warrea. Commission may hava omitted’ 2. fall exploration of this Gu2stion bevause jt had: collateral. evi. deace of Oswald's visit to the Cuban miD.Assy. ? fication of Oswaid as the visitor ta the Om a Cuban visa, bs a das address book that the police were routinely collect. "ing. information about Oswald's Mexi- is whether | ering Ue his visit to the Se en ne juran’s name and ; morzover, contsped telephone’number. But the only ‘cred- | ible eyewitness testimony that Oswald | din fact ‘visited the embassy’: is the | "Statement of Silvia Daraz, «| vo When viewed iq “the. light Of the | -receritly disclosed evidence suggesting |: ot that ‘somzone’ might have visited the | : “ernbassy.. impersonating Oswald, the | There ware, for example, vo settle com- the three: ‘Commission's failure" to | pistely the “question of . "ssisidentified | photos~ ssems extraore | "-dinary. It is probable that the CIA did | in fact supply an explanation of the-: '. photographs that was enough to satisfy , the Commission at the time, if so, that”: explanation remains 2 part of the classified Warren Commission docue ments not available to the public. - “ Raymond - Rocca (who, until his | ‘receat resignation, was the Agency's : ' action .officer for all Post-Warren Re-'. port inguiscies about the matter) tola (+ ong of the authors that the CLA could not identity the mystery man. 17 this is So, we may wonder how the Agency ‘could have offered 2 ‘satisfactary. ex- “Manatioan of the incident to the Com~ mission. Untit addiriorai cocuments ‘bearing on this matter are classified, the ‘conclusion’ that Oswatd. really visit /., ed the Outen Embebsy inest remain in - “seme doubt But ever if be» KS did, the rT somzons was never-- trying to impersonate Rint re-
13-00000 eacren . ‘Commission ° Docume: ‘The National . Aren ives,~ Washington, ‘ oa] n pase 5, sumien, § ‘asing as a Foe et the Soview vod Cdosn embassies in” the. » BO carly autama of 1963, what implica Zid, Her: correct. maiden ‘name W445: tisns might be. drawn | from this’ diss’ ‘Prusakava, . we ‘tov sary? One obvious. interpretation, is 2 Report. of, the: Presicent’s Commision . hat someone sought to’ counterfeit a. e on rhe Ascaisination of President Ken=_ resh connection between the man who °° _ nedy (US Government Printing Office, ° 285 s90n to ‘become the - “accused 1964), P. 144. (Hefeafter, Report.) . presi side ntial wssassin and the overt: oo a nents of those’ two- communist. coun.“ ; *Commission Document 631, oP cit. Tid, eo ‘SHearings Before the President's Come mission on the Assassination of Presi- T siiea, But it’ -is- not necessary to* . speculate . further, if ‘someons were: tryin ag te. impersonate Cswald. eight : Meeks before, the assassination, - . the. | War a Commission's theory of a lone: cease, unconnected’. with any ‘con. sinaty, is ‘setioudly - undermined: and tS case should be reopened. - wy There - could ‘be. Of course,” “an 7 J mocent _expisnation™ of how the CIA ° came to misidentify - “the. mystery mag, as” “es Harvey. Oswald:. Oswaid may | wets ally Jhave - ‘visited’ ‘the | Cuban and . ' Sovier embassies, If this were the case; thea somewhere in’ the CIA’s" files . ete should be photographs of. the . Lee Harvey Oswald departing from: _ Soviet and Cuban embassies in’: : Me xico City; If - those- ‘photographs | ‘ exist, their puolication would help to | settle ‘the question, If they. don’t, the _ CIA ‘should now. explain: why: not. In oither case, it should also. disclose. what -t knows about the man-it wrongly : 3 ‘ ideditified as. Oswald on two separate ‘occasions. If should. explain’ why it. believes that. this man was not imper-: :sonating Oswald, Al ‘these matters “should be clarified both by. the CIA _Hssil and by the congressional come: ‘anittees that are about to iny estigate, its, ; Activities,’ , ‘ing Office, 1964), (hereafter, Hearings). Tiyid. p. 46800 F Toit, Odum Exhibit 1. Vol ii, vp. 469 “ot 9 Report, 2. 364.- Bid,, PP. 364-365, 1! Hearings, Vol, Il, p. . 469. National Acchives, Washington, DC, 3 Pid. : rea 4s ; " ‘Hearings, Vol. ‘Ti, p. 469, - tha. Lost ed ‘Warren Commission end the Estoblish- ment of. Truth. (Wiking, 1966). } 6Mr_ CIA's Rocca, Counterintelligence . tions of illegal domestic operations by the CIA’s Clandestine Services. 11 Epstein, Inquest: p. 94, 13Commission Document 674, . National Archives, Washington, DC. miitse to {avistia ate” ant: ‘whetipping. 2 oHis boSks i nelude a novel, "Sista, and, most recently, The £92 cal . Kenn vdy ard the Dalles Coverng. a at 6310 dent Kennedy. (US Governme2 ant Priat- 1 2commission: ‘Document 1287, The | *SEdward Jay. Epstein, Inquest: The” “deputy chief of ‘the a taff, was: one. of the four senior. Agency officials , who resigned, last. December in the. . wake of The New York Times's revelae 00 The Ibid, ao 24 * Coram} issian. Document $66, ‘TP d “Na tional Archives, Washington, DC, po 3-4. . 2S Report, p. 299, -SIbid., pp. 733-736. 27 Ibid, p. 734. [wo other witnesses told the FBI they saw’ Oswald aptly “Cuban Embassy. A. Mexican private atective who had visited the embassy on October 1, 1963, identified Oswald from newspaper photoyrasns as some- _oné he had seen isaving the embassy ‘on that date in tke company of.2 Cuban, The detective was shown other photos of .Oswald. and. failed ‘te iden- tify him, and the FBI seems to have concluded. that he was mistaken (Caom- mission: Document 565), The Warren - Report dogs not‘offer the detéctive’s testimony. as evidence of Oswald’s visit. Another witness who claimed to have seen Oswald at the Cuban Embassy retracted his testimony after falling tc pass a Polygraph ¢ €xamination (Report, Pp. 308)... 28 commission Documeat 7152, The “National Archives, Washington, DC. 29 1bid., p. 5. 3°commission Document 963, ve | . Natignal Archives, Washington, DC, BERNARD. FENSTERWALD- is) Director’ of the Com Assassinations and was Chief Joe ‘Counsel ® for Senator. Edward Long's investization of el . GEORGE O'TOOLE is the former, ‘chief (ofthe Problem: “Analysis Branch of ‘the. fin. Agent on tre “Assassination . 16. Co ete * -a " 3 Upearings: Coramission Exhibit 256: STTbid., Commission Exhibit 1s. od wait Elect tonic Probe into’ the Murder of Sohit
13-00000 =... ATTACHMENT BO . While Osw ald’s family resided with Mrs. Paine, ‘William F: Sinstions, . from September 17, 1963, until November 21, 1963, lived at 2539 West Fifth Street, in Irving. - Simmons has stated that his only relation- -he did not know Oswald, and that he had never seen Oswald at the LMF AY AR te NOUR ERE GAINS ate eteN! stad A tnd HYLNRLU 88 YIOANOERS SER LOE ARN REA! HL, . connection between Ruby and Oswald. .. -phatically. deny them,!**.and Ruby’s nightclubs + were not’ known to have been frequented by homosexuals. Marguerite refused to allow Marina to be disturbed: at that time.’ In the course of Marguerite’s testimony, the Commission asked the FBI for a copy of the photograph displayed by Odum te her.. When Marguerite viewed the photograph provided the Commission, she the man depicted was not Jack Ruby. 2." The Commission has investigated this matter and determined ‘that with Oswald. To prevent the viewer from determining precisely which reduced the picture to ‘an irregular hexagonal shape. 188 The picture which was displayed by the Commission to Marguerite Oswald body of the man shown, 4497 resulting in a photograph without any ‘Mrs. Oswald before the Commission, though trimmed differently from the one shown her on November 23, was a copy of the same picture. | 364 pianoplayer in the musical combo which worked, at the Carousel Ciub’ ' ship to Ruby was as an employee, that Ruby never visited him, that Carousel Club. Other persons in the neighborhood 1 knew of no = -. ‘The Commission has investigated rumors that Jack ‘Ruby ‘and Tee Harvey. Oswald were both homosexuals and, thus, might have known. each other in that respect. However, no evidence has been uncovered to support the rumors, the closest acquaintances of both men em-. - _ stated that the picture was different from the one she saw in November, © . in part because the “top two corners” were.cut differently and because — Special Agent Odum did show a picture: ‘to Marguerite Oswald. for. possible identification but that the picture was not of Jack Ruby. On November 22 the CIAhad provided the FBI with “photograph: of a man who, it was thought at the time, might have been associated’ - _ where the picture had been taken, FBI Agent Odum had trimmed the ~ background from the photograph by making:a series of straight cuts ~- . was a copy of the same picture shown her by. Agent Odum; however, © in supplying a duplicate photograph for Commission use the FBI. -had cropped the background by cutting-along the‘contours of the — background, unlike the first photograph Marguerite viewed on No- . vember 28. Affidavits obtained from the CIA and from the two FBI agents who trimmed the photographs established that the one shown to’ Neither picture was of Jack Ruby. uss ‘The. original photograph had - been taken by the CIA outside of the United States sometime between re eae _ A final: suggestion of ‘a connection’ between: Jade Ruby and Lee a Harvey Oswald arises from the testimony of Oswald’s mother, Mar- . guerite Oswald.’ When appearing before the Commission, Mrs. |. Oswald related that on November 23, 1963, before Ruby:shot Oswald, _ ‘|. FBI Agent Bardwell D: Odum showed her 2 picture of a man she - | believed was Jack Ruby, and asked whether the man shown wis. ‘|. familiar to her. Odum had first attempted to.see Marina Oswald, but —
13-00000 f ' va Watts Sues : ; fyi F: Simmons, ‘latthe Carousel Clu >. pJack Ruby and Lee . “7. :By might have known |”. -.. has been uncovered bs of both men em.- re Commission, Mrs: de man shown was at that time."* ‘dum to her. When t e Je saw in November, - <ind determined that - “**“guerite Oswald for |” 7, hot of Jack Ruby. - “with a photograph _#:brmining precisely | Pohad trimmed the - Res of straight cuts... “zal shape:?#*¢ The ~. Marguerite Oswald . ssion use the FHI - ‘tra ph without. any t the one shown to differently from the same picture. * photograph had “Sometime between. 3; livéd-at 2539 West. jat his only relation. - wer visited him, that .- rseen Oswald at the .” ee ‘wald’s mother, Mar- ~ Ruby shot Oswald... - . ture of a man she. farina Oswald, but tamission asked ‘the © ; ‘ Commission, she prec “+ and because *.. ‘Bye been-associated) —_- it Odum; however, | ‘@ contours.of the. lite viewed on No- from thetwo FRI ne Yah OO ARE A Ni eH he DNR OO Mer ENE ee” - wag within the country. _. and he is-not known ever to have campaigned for any political candi- _ eet sonata July 1, 1963, and November 22, 1963, during all of which time Ruby _ | ai99 Ct -. Jn addition to examining in detail Jack Ruby’s activities. from ©. -) | “November 21 to November 24 and his possible acquaintanceship with = ‘Lee Harvey Oswald, the Commission has considered. whether or not-. <=" \". ‘Ruby had ties with individuals or groups that might have obvi- ated the need for any direct contact near the time of the assassination. . _... Study of Jack Ruby’s background, which is set out more fully in ~~ "~!.> appendix XVI, leads to.the firm conclusion that he had no such ties. — Business activities——Ruby’s entire life is characteristic of a rigor- —- - .. ously independent person. He-moved from his family home soon - . '- after leaving high school at-age 16, although a “family” residence has ~~ Leen maintained. in Chicago throughout the years.\”* ‘Later, in 1947,. ~ he moved from Chicago to Dallas and maintained only sporadic con- _ tact with most of his family.?°* For most of his working years and  -. ‘eontinuously since 1947, Jack Ruby was self-employed" Although - . he had partners from time to time, the partnerships were not lasting, —_ . .and Ruby seems to have preferred to.operate independently. ..’ . Ruby's main sources of income were his two nightclubs—the Carou- ‘sel Club’ and the Vegas Club—although he also frequently pur- '- guaed a number of independent, short-lived business promotions. (Ruby’s business dealings are described in greater detail in app. -XVL) At the time of the assassination, the United States claimed . approximately $44,000 in delinquent taxes, and he was in substantial debt to his brother Earl and to his friend Ralph Paul.°* However, there are no indications that Earl Ruby or Ralph Paul was exerting i - pressure for payment or that Ruby’s tax liabilities were not susceptitice====—" | to an acceptable settlement. Ruby operated his clubs on a cash Nasis, ee ! usually carrying. large amounts of cash on his person; thus theres -; MO-particular significance to the fact that approximately $3,000 in - . cash was found on his person and in his automobile when arrested. _ | Nor do. his meager financial records reflect any suspicious activities. _. He used his bank accounts only infrequently, with no unexplained --. _ + large trarisactions; and no entries were made to Ruby’s safe-deposit ' -boxes.in over a year prior to the shooting of Oswald2** ‘There is — no evidence that Ruby received any sums after his arrest-except royal- . ties from a syndicated newspaper article on his life-and small contri- . : os - butions for his defense from friends, sympathizers, and family = = ~ members.2%5 . as oe oo Ruby's political activities-—Jack Ruby considered himself a Dem- ocrat, perhaps in part because his brother Hyman had been active '- in Democratic ward politics in Chicago.* . When Ruby was arrested, - Police officers found in his apartment, 10 political cards urging the election of the-“Conservative Democratic slate,” #7 but the Commis-. _ sion has found no evidence that Ruby had distributed that literature 365 “ a Ruby's Background ‘and Associations © 4 —
13-00000 . originated | w ith: ‘the ~ Job | on any occasion.! -allas area. oh ‘Oswald’ ‘$s room after. | “Wo ied by his wife ioc See » found i in 1 his moon - , pCastre. sympathizer. = beckley Avenue ‘lo not mies of Castro syne lave had help in pre- a 1e ‘else wrote them for > f his letters than w ith tcordingly substantial. - , cin. za October. 1963 by a job at the local radio. a ” tinctive elements of spelling, grammar, and punctuation. ‘that: were oo “.- gommon to his poorer éfforts. Oswald wrote in his diary. that he pd tha at Oswald visited <: vy preparation of his letter of October 16, 1959, to the Supreme Soviet.2 | “<“ko5 minutes. Accord. 9.0.0 “-ttered 1953 model car = | _ with him. Oswald =| “arriving in Dallas on’ iss through Alice. On ~_ - ns and ihen spent the 0°. . it-the Paine residence *_ . /fald did not own a car. -4driveaccar. Accord... — “tober 4. ‘There i isno | | a “was supposed to be-able to-identify Oswald as the:killer was held in : ' protective custody by the Dallas police until he could: appear | ‘before ‘foundation in fact. No sich witness was kept in protective eustody by: _ the Dallas police for appearance before the Commission. « ‘The . mediately after the assassination. cane inde arrangements for = _Seeret Service for a period of time after ‘the assassination. - She had. : -: ‘freedom to communicate with others at anytime she desired, to go - . .where she pleased, or to terminate the protection at ‘any time. n seer claims revealed: that . mission found no evi- ~ ‘for ¢ escape after the : oe _— ' . Jack Ruby by an FBI agent the night before Ruby killed her son. ~.. rs was, S found in the *. 2 fey, Avenue ufter the - : _ _ The Commission has examined a copy of the Photograph + and deter- 7 a ‘his ju rest Oswald had .. mined that it was not a picture of Jack Ruby.” was arrested after talking to some private investigators: and soon — _ : the witnesses to the Tippit slaying, Mrs. Marguerite Oswald and two.” boxes listed in the in- widkenee-in Irving com. est of which belonsed 9” ia quality. (spelling. - itanyone inthe United ‘ters or that anyone” 7 that he would write — 207 mother indicated that - + of his letters. Tt ts | against | him for parole violation. 129 It is also clear that even his better written: letters dontéined: ‘some dis- received help from his Intourist. ‘Guide, Rima Shirokova,: in. the “ Speculation.—A Negro janitor who was a witness tothe shooting and - the President’s Commission , on the : Assassination - f President Commission finding. —“investigation revealed that this story had no . had its origin in a néwspaper account based on hearsay. = we Speculation.—The Secret Service incarcerated, Mariria Oswald im Commission finding —Marina Oswald was given protection. by the. Speculation —Mrs. Marguerite Oswald was shown’a photograph: of. . Commission finding —On the night of November 23, 1963, Special: f... - Agent Bardwell D.Odum of the FBI showed Mrs. Margucrite Oswald a picture of a man to determine whether the man was known to her.: |) °™.. Mrs. Oswald stated subsequently that the picture: was of Jack Ruby. . Speculation ~The son. of the only witness to the ‘Tipit: ‘laying we plunged to his death from an unbarred jail window. - . i Commission finding: —According to Mrs. Helen Markham, 0 one’ eof. men who claimed to be reporters from Philadelphia ‘sought:to inter-— ” view her on June 27, 1964. _Mrs._ Markham did not wish to be inter-' viewed and put them off. Afterward, Mrs. Markham’s son, William Edward. Markham, talked with Mrs.. Oswald and the men about the .° Oswald matter and the shooting of Patrolman Tippit. William ‘Ed ward Markham had been in Norfolk, Va., at the time of the assassina-:' tion and had not returned to Dallas until May 7, 1964. Hehad no - - _ personal knowledge of the shooting of. Patrolman: ‘Tippit. On June > 2. 80, 1964, another ‘ot Mrs. Markham’s sons, James Alfred Markham, : _ was arrested at Mrs. Markhiam’s apartment by Dallas Police on.a:. ‘charge of burglary. While trying to escape, he fell from the bathroom "| of the apartment to a concrete driveway about 20 feet below. Hewas . ..... taken to Parkland Memorial Hospital, treated fori injuries, : and after. 3.0 | 614 hours was taken to jail. As of July 31, 1964, he was in Dallas: - |. County Jail awaiting trial. There was also a warrant outstanding Se ~